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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head> <meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,height=device-height,initial-scale=1,user-scalable=0">
<meta name="author" content="微信公众号：颜家大少">
<meta name="email" content="[email protected]">
<meta name="description" content="一个Markdown在线转换工具，让Markdown内容，不需作任何调整就能同时在微信公众号、博客园、掘金、csdn等平台正确显示当前预览的效果">
<title>Md2All export document</title>
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</head><body><div id="export_content"><div class="output_wrapper" id="output_wrapper_id"><h1 id="hday16"><span><strong>day16</strong></span></h1>
<h2 id="hinetaddress"><span><strong>InetAddress</strong></span></h2>
<p><strong>(网络编程)</strong></p>
<p><strong>构造器不可见，用getLocalHost（）获取主机对象</strong></p>
<p> <strong>一个域名可以映射多个ip地址 ==》也就是多态服务器；为了避免单点故障</strong></p>
<h3 id="hsockettcp"><span><strong>Socket（TCP）</strong></span></h3>
<p><strong>在输出层 《===Tcp\ip协议，客户端套接字， 相当于打电话</strong></p>
<p><strong>客户端和服务器开启是有先后顺序的</strong><br> <strong>先启动服务器 然后启动客户端</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<ol>
<li> <strong>client:</strong><br><strong> //创建socket对象(ip,端口)</strong><br><strong> //获取流对象(你要干嘛？)</strong><br><strong> //发送/接受数据信息</strong><br><strong> //关闭</strong></li>
<li><strong>server:</strong><br> <strong>//创建serversocket对象(端口)</strong><br> <strong>//通过accept方法获取客户端socket对象</strong><br> <strong>//获取流对象(你要干嘛？)</strong><br> <strong>//发送/接受数据信息</strong><br> <strong>//关闭</strong></li>
</ol>
</blockquote>
<h4 id="h"><span><strong>模拟客户端</strong></span></h4>
<p><strong>client 指定id，端口</strong></p>
<pre><code class="java language-java hljs"><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 1</span><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">Test02</span> </span>{<br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 2</span> <span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">main</span><span class="hljs-params">(String[] args)</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">throws</span> UnknownHostException </span>{<br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 3</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 4</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//获取一个主机InetAddress对象</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 5</span> InetAddress in = InetAddress.getLocalHost();<br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 6</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 7</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 8</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//使用对象的方法</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 9</span> System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string">"获取ip地址："</span>+in.getHostAddress());<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">10</span> System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string">"主机名称"</span>+in.getHostName());<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">11</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">byte</span>[] buf = in.getAddress();<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">12</span> System.out.println(Arrays.toString(buf));<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">13</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">14</span> <span class="hljs-comment">// 获取对象的方法</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">15</span> InetAddress[] ips = InetAddress.getAllByName(<span class="hljs-string">"www.baidu.com"</span>);<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">16</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span>(InetAddress ip:ips) {<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">17</span> System.out.println(ip.getHostAddress()+<span class="hljs-string">"=="</span>+ip.getHostName());<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">18</span> }<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">19</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">20</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">21</span> }<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">22</span>}<br></code></pre>
<h4 id="h-1"><span><strong>模拟服务端 套接字</strong></span></h4>
<p><strong>accept 阻塞方法</strong></p>
<pre><code class="java language-java hljs"><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 1</span><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">ServerA</span> </span>{<br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 2</span> <span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">main</span><span class="hljs-params">(String[] args)</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">throws</span> IOException </span>{<br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 3</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 4</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//1：创建ServerSocket对象</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 5</span> ServerSocket server = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> ServerSocket(<span class="hljs-number">10001</span>);<span class="hljs-comment">// 监听该端口</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 6</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 7</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//2：通过accept方法获取连接的socket对象</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 8</span> Socket client = server.accept();<span class="hljs-comment">//阻塞方法</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 9</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">10</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//3：获取客户端发送的数据信息</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">11</span> InputStream is = client.getInputStream();<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">12</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">13</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//4：读取数据信息</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">14</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">byte</span>[] buf = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">byte</span>[<span class="hljs-number">1024</span>];<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">15</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> len = is.read(buf);<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">16</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">17</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//5：分析数据</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">18</span> System.out.println(<span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> String(buf,<span class="hljs-number">0</span>,len)); <br><span class="linenum hljs-number">19</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//6:关闭资源</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">20</span> is.close();<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">21</span> client.close();<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">22</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">23</span> }<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">24</span>}<br></code></pre>
<h3 id="hudp"><span><strong>UDP</strong></span></h3>
<p><strong>DatagramSocket（发送，接收）；数据报包==》DatagramPacket</strong></p>
<p><strong>不会管接收方是否接收到，相当于短信</strong></p>
<pre><code class="java language-java hljs"><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 1</span><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">Send</span> </span>{<br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 2</span> <span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">main</span><span class="hljs-params">(String[] args)</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">throws</span> IOException </span>{<br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 3</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 4</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//1：创建发送方对象 </span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 5</span> DatagramSocket send = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> DatagramSocket(<span class="hljs-number">9999</span>); <br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 6</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 7</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//2：构建发送方的数据包对象 buf </span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 8</span> String str = <span class="hljs-string">"老薛已经上线"</span>;<br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 9</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">byte</span>[] buf = str.getBytes();<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">10</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> len = buf.length;<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">11</span> InetAddress ip = InetAddress.getLocalHost();<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">12</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">int</span> port = <span class="hljs-number">10001</span>;<span class="hljs-comment">//接受方的端口</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">13</span> DatagramPacket dp = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> DatagramPacket(buf, len, ip, port);<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">14</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">15</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">16</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//3:发送信息</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">17</span> send.send(dp);<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">18</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">19</span> }<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">20</span>}<br></code></pre>
<h3 id="htcpudp"><span><strong>TCP与UDP区别：</strong></span></h3>
<blockquote>
<p> <strong>1.基于连接与无连接；</strong><br><strong> 2.对系统资源的要求（TCP较多，UDP少）；</strong><br><strong> 3.UDP程序结构较简单；</strong><br><strong> 4.流模式与数据报模式 ；</strong><br><strong> 5.TCP保证数据正确性，UDP可能丢包，TCP保证数据顺序，UDP不保证。</strong></p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="hurl"><span><strong>URL</strong></span></h2>
<p><strong>对于基于http协议下头信息的 获取/设置方法</strong> </p>
<pre><code class="java language-java hljs"><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 1</span><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">Test04</span> </span>{<br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 2</span> <span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">main</span><span class="hljs-params">(String[] args)</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">throws</span> IOException </span>{<br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 3</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 4</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//声明URL对象%E8%8B%8F%E5%B7%9E</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 5</span> URL url = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> URL(<span class="hljs-string">"http://v.juhe.cn/weather/index?format=2&cityname=%C4%CF%B2%FD"</span> + <br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 6</span> <span class="hljs-string">"&key=ed37c741fc189c1993f14da1833a0f6d"</span>);<br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 7</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 8</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//通过资源对象获取到连接该资源的链接对象</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 9</span> URLConnection conn = url.openConnection();<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">10</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">11</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//打开链接</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">12</span> conn.connect();<span class="hljs-comment">//建立连接</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">13</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">14</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//读取</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">15</span> BufferedReader reader = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> BufferedReader(<span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream(), <span class="hljs-string">"utf-8"</span>));<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">16</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">17</span> StringBuilder sb = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> StringBuilder();<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">18</span> String str = <span class="hljs-string">""</span>;<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">19</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">while</span>((str=reader.readLine())!=<span class="hljs-keyword">null</span>) {<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">20</span> sb.append(str);<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">21</span> sb.append(<span class="hljs-string">"\r\n"</span>);<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">22</span> }<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">23</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">24</span> System.out.println(sb.toString());<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">25</span> }<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">26</span>}<br></code></pre>
<h2 id="hconnection"><span><strong>Connection</strong></span></h2>
<p><strong>存储元素的特点 无序 可重复 对于所有的集合框架中的对象 只能存储引用类型</strong> </p>
<p><strong>各种操作：</strong></p>
<blockquote>
<p><strong>添加元素</strong></p>
<p><strong>add(Object) 添加元素 返回是否添加成功 true/false</strong> </p>
<p><strong>addAll(Coll) 添加一个集合</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><strong>删除元素</strong></li>
</ul>
<p><strong>clear()清空所有元素</strong></p>
<p><strong>remove()移除一个</strong></p>
<p><strong>removeAll(Coll) 移除交集</strong> </p>
<p><strong>retainAll(Coll) 保留交集</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><strong>修改元素</strong></li>
</ul>
<p><strong>没有修改元素</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><strong>查看元素</strong></li>
</ul>
<p><strong>isEmpty</strong></p>
<p><strong>size</strong></p>
<p><strong>contains</strong> </p>
<p><strong>containsAll</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><strong>迭代元素</strong></li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>@SuppressWarnings : 注解 用来抑制警告</strong></p>
<pre><code class="java language-java hljs"><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 1</span><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-class"><span class="hljs-keyword">class</span> <span class="hljs-title">Test01</span> </span>{<br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 2</span> <span class="hljs-function"><span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title">main</span><span class="hljs-params">(String[] args)</span> </span>{<br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 3</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 4</span> <span class="hljs-comment">// 学习接口中的方法 接口指向实现类对象</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 5</span> Collection coll = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> ArrayList();<br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 6</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//添加元素</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 7</span> coll.add(<span class="hljs-string">"java"</span>);<span class="hljs-comment">// Object obj = "java" 自动类型转换</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 8</span> coll.add(<span class="hljs-number">1</span>);<span class="hljs-comment">// Integer in1 = Integer.valueOf(1); Object obj = in1;</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number"> 9</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">10</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">11</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//添加元素</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">12</span> Collection coll1 = <span class="hljs-keyword">new</span> ArrayList();<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">13</span> coll1.add(<span class="hljs-string">"html"</span>);<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">14</span> coll1.add(<span class="hljs-string">"spring"</span>);<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">15</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">16</span> System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string">"往coll中添加coll1："</span>+coll.addAll(coll1));<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">17</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">18</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//删除元素：</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">19</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//coll.clear();</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">20</span> System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string">"移除不存在的元素："</span>+coll.remove(<span class="hljs-string">"spring"</span>));<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">21</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//System.out.println(coll.removeAll(coll1));</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">22</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">23</span> System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string">"coll中的元素："</span>+coll);<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">24</span> System.out.println(coll.retainAll(coll1));<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">25</span> System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string">"coll中的元素："</span>+coll);<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">26</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">27</span> <span class="hljs-comment">//查看元素</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">28</span> System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string">"查看当前集合是否为null:"</span>+coll.isEmpty());<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">29</span> System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string">"查看当前集合元素个数："</span>+coll.size());<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">30</span> System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string">"查看当前集合是否包含元素1："</span>+coll.contains(<span class="hljs-string">"1"</span>));<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">31</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">32</span> }<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">33</span>}<br></code></pre>
<p><strong>目前情况下不要再迭代元素过程中强转类型 可能会引发问题 classcaseexception</strong></p>
<p><strong>获取长度</strong></p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th><strong>数组</strong></th>
<th><strong>.length</strong></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>字符串</strong></td>
<td><strong>length()</strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong>集合</strong></td>
<td><strong>size()</strong></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h5 id="hiterator"><span><strong>迭代 iterator</strong></span></h5>
<p><strong>在java.util包中，底层是返回实现 类对象，ArraysList（）的方法，内部类</strong></p>
<p><strong>指针指向第一个元素的前面</strong></p>
<p><strong>hasNext（）查看是否存在元素，next（）移动指针，并且返回当前指针指向的元素</strong></p>
<pre><code class="java language-java hljs"><span class="linenum hljs-number">1</span><span class="hljs-keyword">while</span>(it.hasNext()){<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">2</span> System.out.println(it.next());<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">3</span>}<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">4</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">5</span><span class="hljs-comment">//变种</span><br><span class="linenum hljs-number">6</span><span class="hljs-keyword">for</span>(Iterator it=coll.iterator();it.hasNext();){<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">7</span> System.out.println(it.next());<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">8</span>}<br><span class="linenum hljs-number">9</span><span class="hljs-comment">//缩短了iterator的生命周期</span><br></code></pre></div></div></body>
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