RUSTSEC-2024-0020: Stack buffer overflow with whoami on several Unix platforms

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Details
Package	whoami
Version	1.4.1
URL	ardaku/whoami#91
Patched Versions	>=1.5.0
Unaffected Versions	<0.5.3
Aliases	GHSA-w5w5-8vfh-xcjq

With versions of the whoami crate >= 0.5.3 and < 1.5.0, calling any of these functions leads to an
immediate stack buffer overflow on illumos and Solaris:

• whoami::username
• whoami::realname
• whoami::username_os
• whoami::realname_os

With versions of the whoami crate >= 0.5.3 and < 1.0.1, calling any of the above functions also
leads to a stack buffer overflow on these platforms:

• Bitrig
• DragonFlyBSD
• FreeBSD
• NetBSD
• OpenBSD

This occurs because of an incorrect definition of the passwd struct on those platforms.

As a result of this issue, denial of service and data corruption have both been observed in the
wild. The issue is possibly exploitable as well.

This vulnerability also affects other Unix platforms that aren't Linux or macOS.

This issue has been addressed in whoami 1.5.0.

For more information, see this GitHub issue.