Pandas_my.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import numpy as np"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import pandas as pd"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "labels = ['a','b','c']\n",
    "my_data = [10,20,30]\n",
    "arr = np.array(my_data)\n",
    "d = {'a':10,'b':20,'c':30}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0    10\n",
       "1    20\n",
       "2    30\n",
       "dtype: int64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 7,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "pd.Series(data = my_data)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "a    10\n",
       "b    20\n",
       "c    30\n",
       "dtype: int64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 8,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "pd.Series(data=my_data,index=labels)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "a    10\n",
       "b    20\n",
       "c    30\n",
       "dtype: int64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 9,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "pd.Series(my_data,labels)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0    10\n",
       "1    20\n",
       "2    30\n",
       "dtype: int32"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 10,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "pd.Series(arr)\n",
    "#even arrays too"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "a    10\n",
       "b    20\n",
       "c    30\n",
       "dtype: int64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 11,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "pd.Series(d)\n",
    "#does all automatically with disctionary"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0    10\n",
       "1    20\n",
       "2    30\n",
       "dtype: int32"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 12,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "pd.Series(arr)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0    a\n",
       "1    b\n",
       "2    c\n",
       "dtype: object"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 13,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "pd.Series(data=labels)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0      <built-in function sum>\n",
       "1    <built-in function print>\n",
       "2      <built-in function len>\n",
       "dtype: object"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 14,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "pd.Series(data =[sum,print,len])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "ser1=pd.Series([1,2,3,4],['USA','Germany','USSR','Japan'])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "USA        1\n",
       "Germany    2\n",
       "USSR       3\n",
       "Japan      4\n",
       "dtype: int64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 16,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "ser1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "ser2 = pd.Series([1,2,5,4],['USA','Germany','Italy','Japan'])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "USA        1\n",
       "Germany    2\n",
       "Italy      5\n",
       "Japan      4\n",
       "dtype: int64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 18,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "ser2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 19,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "1"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 19,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "ser1['USA']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 20,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "ser3= pd.Series(data=labels)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 21,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0    a\n",
       "1    b\n",
       "2    c\n",
       "dtype: object"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 21,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "ser3"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 22,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'a'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 22,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "ser3[0]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 23,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "Germany    4.0\n",
       "Italy      NaN\n",
       "Japan      8.0\n",
       "USA        2.0\n",
       "USSR       NaN\n",
       "dtype: float64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 23,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "ser1 + ser2\n",
    "#same index= add the data points\n",
    "#different index = null value(NaN)\n",
    "#integer is converted to float"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 24,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#*************DATA FRAMES************************88888888"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 25,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from numpy.random import randn"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 26,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "np.random.seed(101)\n",
    "#we get the same random numbers"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 27,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "df = pd.DataFrame(randn(5,4),['A','B','C','D','E'],['W','X','Y','Z'])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 28,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
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       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>W</th>\n",
       "      <th>X</th>\n",
       "      <th>Y</th>\n",
       "      <th>Z</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>A</th>\n",
       "      <td>2.706850</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.628133</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.907969</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.503826</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>B</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.651118</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.319318</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.848077</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.605965</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>C</th>\n",
       "      <td>-2.018168</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.740122</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.528813</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.589001</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>D</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.188695</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.758872</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.933237</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.955057</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>E</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.190794</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.978757</td>\n",
       "      <td>2.605967</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.683509</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "          W         X         Y         Z\n",
       "A  2.706850  0.628133  0.907969  0.503826\n",
       "B  0.651118 -0.319318 -0.848077  0.605965\n",
       "C -2.018168  0.740122  0.528813 -0.589001\n",
       "D  0.188695 -0.758872 -0.933237  0.955057\n",
       "E  0.190794  1.978757  2.605967  0.683509"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 28,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 29,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "A    2.706850\n",
       "B    0.651118\n",
       "C   -2.018168\n",
       "D    0.188695\n",
       "E    0.190794\n",
       "Name: W, dtype: float64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 29,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df['W']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 30,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "pandas.core.frame.DataFrame"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 30,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "type(df)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 31,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "pandas.core.series.Series"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 31,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "type(df['W'])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 32,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "A    2.706850\n",
       "B    0.651118\n",
       "C   -2.018168\n",
       "D    0.188695\n",
       "E    0.190794\n",
       "Name: W, dtype: float64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 32,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.W\n",
    "#but try and avoid this notation"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 33,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
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       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>W</th>\n",
       "      <th>Z</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>A</th>\n",
       "      <td>2.706850</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.503826</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>B</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.651118</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.605965</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>C</th>\n",
       "      <td>-2.018168</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.589001</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>D</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.188695</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.955057</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>E</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.190794</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.683509</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "          W         Z\n",
       "A  2.706850  0.503826\n",
       "B  0.651118  0.605965\n",
       "C -2.018168 -0.589001\n",
       "D  0.188695  0.955057\n",
       "E  0.190794  0.683509"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 33,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df[['W','Z']]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 34,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "df['new'] = df['W'] + df['Y']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 35,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
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       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>W</th>\n",
       "      <th>X</th>\n",
       "      <th>Y</th>\n",
       "      <th>Z</th>\n",
       "      <th>new</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>A</th>\n",
       "      <td>2.706850</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.628133</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.907969</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.503826</td>\n",
       "      <td>3.614819</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>B</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.651118</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.319318</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.848077</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.605965</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.196959</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>C</th>\n",
       "      <td>-2.018168</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.740122</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.528813</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.589001</td>\n",
       "      <td>-1.489355</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>D</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.188695</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.758872</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.933237</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.955057</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.744542</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>E</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.190794</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.978757</td>\n",
       "      <td>2.605967</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.683509</td>\n",
       "      <td>2.796762</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "          W         X         Y         Z       new\n",
       "A  2.706850  0.628133  0.907969  0.503826  3.614819\n",
       "B  0.651118 -0.319318 -0.848077  0.605965 -0.196959\n",
       "C -2.018168  0.740122  0.528813 -0.589001 -1.489355\n",
       "D  0.188695 -0.758872 -0.933237  0.955057 -0.744542\n",
       "E  0.190794  1.978757  2.605967  0.683509  2.796762"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 35,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 36,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
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       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>W</th>\n",
       "      <th>X</th>\n",
       "      <th>Y</th>\n",
       "      <th>Z</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>A</th>\n",
       "      <td>2.706850</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.628133</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.907969</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.503826</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>B</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.651118</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.319318</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.848077</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.605965</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>C</th>\n",
       "      <td>-2.018168</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.740122</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.528813</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.589001</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>D</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.188695</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.758872</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.933237</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.955057</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>E</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.190794</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.978757</td>\n",
       "      <td>2.605967</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.683509</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "          W         X         Y         Z\n",
       "A  2.706850  0.628133  0.907969  0.503826\n",
       "B  0.651118 -0.319318 -0.848077  0.605965\n",
       "C -2.018168  0.740122  0.528813 -0.589001\n",
       "D  0.188695 -0.758872 -0.933237  0.955057\n",
       "E  0.190794  1.978757  2.605967  0.683509"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 36,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.drop('new',axis=1)\n",
    "#axis = 1 for columns\n",
    "#axis= 0 for rows (default)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 37,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
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       "  <tbody>\n",
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       "      <th>A</th>\n",
       "      <td>2.706850</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.628133</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.907969</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.503826</td>\n",
       "      <td>3.614819</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>B</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.651118</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.319318</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.848077</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.605965</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.196959</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>C</th>\n",
       "      <td>-2.018168</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.740122</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.528813</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.589001</td>\n",
       "      <td>-1.489355</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>D</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.188695</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.758872</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.933237</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.955057</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.744542</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>E</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.190794</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.978757</td>\n",
       "      <td>2.605967</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.683509</td>\n",
       "      <td>2.796762</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "          W         X         Y         Z       new\n",
       "A  2.706850  0.628133  0.907969  0.503826  3.614819\n",
       "B  0.651118 -0.319318 -0.848077  0.605965 -0.196959\n",
       "C -2.018168  0.740122  0.528813 -0.589001 -1.489355\n",
       "D  0.188695 -0.758872 -0.933237  0.955057 -0.744542\n",
       "E  0.190794  1.978757  2.605967  0.683509  2.796762"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 37,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df\n",
    "#still have the new column"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 38,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "df.drop('new', axis=1, inplace=True)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 39,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>A</th>\n",
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       "      <td>0.907969</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.503826</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>B</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.651118</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.319318</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.848077</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.605965</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>C</th>\n",
       "      <td>-2.018168</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.740122</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.528813</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.589001</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>D</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.188695</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.758872</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.933237</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.955057</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>E</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.190794</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.978757</td>\n",
       "      <td>2.605967</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.683509</td>\n",
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       "          W         X         Y         Z\n",
       "A  2.706850  0.628133  0.907969  0.503826\n",
       "B  0.651118 -0.319318 -0.848077  0.605965\n",
       "C -2.018168  0.740122  0.528813 -0.589001\n",
       "D  0.188695 -0.758872 -0.933237  0.955057\n",
       "E  0.190794  1.978757  2.605967  0.683509"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 39,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
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   "source": [
    "df"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 40,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
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       "      <th>B</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.651118</td>\n",
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       "      <td>-0.848077</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.605965</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>C</th>\n",
       "      <td>-2.018168</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.740122</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.528813</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.589001</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>D</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.188695</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.758872</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.933237</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.955057</td>\n",
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       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "          W         X         Y         Z\n",
       "A  2.706850  0.628133  0.907969  0.503826\n",
       "B  0.651118 -0.319318 -0.848077  0.605965\n",
       "C -2.018168  0.740122  0.528813 -0.589001\n",
       "D  0.188695 -0.758872 -0.933237  0.955057"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 40,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.drop('E')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 41,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(5, 4)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 41,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.shape\n",
    "#(rows,columns)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 42,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
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       "      <th>A</th>\n",
       "      <td>2.706850</td>\n",
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       "      <td>0.907969</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.503826</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>B</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.651118</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.319318</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.848077</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.605965</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>C</th>\n",
       "      <td>-2.018168</td>\n",
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       "      <td>0.528813</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.589001</td>\n",
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       "      <th>D</th>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>E</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.190794</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.978757</td>\n",
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       "      <td>0.683509</td>\n",
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      "text/plain": [
       "          W         X         Y         Z\n",
       "A  2.706850  0.628133  0.907969  0.503826\n",
       "B  0.651118 -0.319318 -0.848077  0.605965\n",
       "C -2.018168  0.740122  0.528813 -0.589001\n",
       "D  0.188695 -0.758872 -0.933237  0.955057\n",
       "E  0.190794  1.978757  2.605967  0.683509"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 42,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 43,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "A    0.907969\n",
       "B   -0.848077\n",
       "C    0.528813\n",
       "D   -0.933237\n",
       "E    2.605967\n",
       "Name: Y, dtype: float64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 43,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df['Y']\n",
    "#selecting columns"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 44,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "W    2.706850\n",
       "X    0.628133\n",
       "Y    0.907969\n",
       "Z    0.503826\n",
       "Name: A, dtype: float64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 44,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#selecting rows\n",
    "df.loc['A']\n",
    "#its a series"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 45,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "W   -2.018168\n",
       "X    0.740122\n",
       "Y    0.528813\n",
       "Z   -0.589001\n",
       "Name: C, dtype: float64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 45,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.iloc[2]\n",
    "#by the numeric based index"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 46,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "-0.8480769834036315"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 46,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.loc['B','Y']\n",
    "#accessing values by [row,col]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 47,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
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       "          W         Y\n",
       "A  2.706850  0.907969\n",
       "B  0.651118 -0.848077"
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     "execution_count": 47,
     "metadata": {},
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   "source": [
    "df.loc[['A','B'],['W','Y']]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 48,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
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       "      <td>2.706850</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.628133</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>B</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.651118</td>\n",
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      "text/plain": [
       "          W         X\n",
       "A  2.706850  0.628133\n",
       "B  0.651118 -0.319318"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 48,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.iloc[:2,:2]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 49,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#CONDITIONAL SELECTION"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 50,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
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       "      <td>True</td>\n",
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       "      <th>C</th>\n",
       "      <td>False</td>\n",
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       "      <td>False</td>\n",
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       "      <th>E</th>\n",
       "      <td>True</td>\n",
       "      <td>True</td>\n",
       "      <td>True</td>\n",
       "      <td>True</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "       W      X      Y      Z\n",
       "A   True   True   True   True\n",
       "B   True  False  False   True\n",
       "C  False   True   True  False\n",
       "D   True  False  False   True\n",
       "E   True   True   True   True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 50,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df > 0"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 51,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "bool_df = df>0"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 52,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
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       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
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       "\n",
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       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>W</th>\n",
       "      <th>X</th>\n",
       "      <th>Y</th>\n",
       "      <th>Z</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>A</th>\n",
       "      <td>2.706850</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.628133</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.907969</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.503826</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>B</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.651118</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.605965</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>C</th>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.740122</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.528813</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>D</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.188695</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.955057</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>E</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.190794</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.978757</td>\n",
       "      <td>2.605967</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.683509</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "          W         X         Y         Z\n",
       "A  2.706850  0.628133  0.907969  0.503826\n",
       "B  0.651118       NaN       NaN  0.605965\n",
       "C       NaN  0.740122  0.528813       NaN\n",
       "D  0.188695       NaN       NaN  0.955057\n",
       "E  0.190794  1.978757  2.605967  0.683509"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 52,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df[bool_df]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 53,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
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       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
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       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
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       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
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       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>W</th>\n",
       "      <th>X</th>\n",
       "      <th>Y</th>\n",
       "      <th>Z</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>A</th>\n",
       "      <td>2.706850</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.628133</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.907969</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.503826</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>B</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.651118</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.605965</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>C</th>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.740122</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.528813</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>D</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.188695</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.955057</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>E</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.190794</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.978757</td>\n",
       "      <td>2.605967</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.683509</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "          W         X         Y         Z\n",
       "A  2.706850  0.628133  0.907969  0.503826\n",
       "B  0.651118       NaN       NaN  0.605965\n",
       "C       NaN  0.740122  0.528813       NaN\n",
       "D  0.188695       NaN       NaN  0.955057\n",
       "E  0.190794  1.978757  2.605967  0.683509"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 53,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df[df>0]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 54,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "A     True\n",
       "B     True\n",
       "C    False\n",
       "D     True\n",
       "E     True\n",
       "Name: W, dtype: bool"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 54,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#important\n",
    "df['W']>0"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 55,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
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       "      <th>X</th>\n",
       "      <th>Y</th>\n",
       "      <th>Z</th>\n",
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       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>A</th>\n",
       "      <td>2.706850</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.628133</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.907969</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.503826</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>B</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.651118</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.319318</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.848077</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.605965</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>D</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.188695</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.758872</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.933237</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.955057</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>E</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.190794</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.978757</td>\n",
       "      <td>2.605967</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.683509</td>\n",
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       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "          W         X         Y         Z\n",
       "A  2.706850  0.628133  0.907969  0.503826\n",
       "B  0.651118 -0.319318 -0.848077  0.605965\n",
       "D  0.188695 -0.758872 -0.933237  0.955057\n",
       "E  0.190794  1.978757  2.605967  0.683509"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 55,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df[df['W']>0]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 56,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
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       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
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       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>W</th>\n",
       "      <th>X</th>\n",
       "      <th>Y</th>\n",
       "      <th>Z</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>C</th>\n",
       "      <td>-2.018168</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.740122</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.528813</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.589001</td>\n",
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       "</table>\n",
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      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "          W         X         Y         Z\n",
       "C -2.018168  0.740122  0.528813 -0.589001"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 56,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df[df['Z']<0]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 57,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "resultdf = df[df['W']>0]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 58,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "A    0.628133\n",
       "B   -0.319318\n",
       "D   -0.758872\n",
       "E    1.978757\n",
       "Name: X, dtype: float64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 58,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "resultdf['X']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 59,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "A    0.628133\n",
       "B   -0.319318\n",
       "D   -0.758872\n",
       "E    1.978757\n",
       "Name: X, dtype: float64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 59,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df[df['W']>0]['X']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 60,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
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       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
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       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
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       "      <th>Y</th>\n",
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       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>A</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.907969</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.628133</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>B</th>\n",
       "      <td>-0.848077</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.319318</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>D</th>\n",
       "      <td>-0.933237</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.758872</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>E</th>\n",
       "      <td>2.605967</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.978757</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "          Y         X\n",
       "A  0.907969  0.628133\n",
       "B -0.848077 -0.319318\n",
       "D -0.933237 -0.758872\n",
       "E  2.605967  1.978757"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 60,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df[df['W']>0][['Y','X']]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 61,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "boolser = df['W']>0\n",
    "result = df[boolser]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 62,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
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       "      <th>Z</th>\n",
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       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>A</th>\n",
       "      <td>2.706850</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.628133</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.907969</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.503826</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>B</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.651118</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.319318</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.848077</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.605965</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>D</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.188695</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.758872</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.933237</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.955057</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>E</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.190794</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.978757</td>\n",
       "      <td>2.605967</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.683509</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "          W         X         Y         Z\n",
       "A  2.706850  0.628133  0.907969  0.503826\n",
       "B  0.651118 -0.319318 -0.848077  0.605965\n",
       "D  0.188695 -0.758872 -0.933237  0.955057\n",
       "E  0.190794  1.978757  2.605967  0.683509"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 62,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "result"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 63,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
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       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
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       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>Y</th>\n",
       "      <th>X</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>A</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.907969</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.628133</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>B</th>\n",
       "      <td>-0.848077</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.319318</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>D</th>\n",
       "      <td>-0.933237</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.758872</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>E</th>\n",
       "      <td>2.605967</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.978757</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "          Y         X\n",
       "A  0.907969  0.628133\n",
       "B -0.848077 -0.319318\n",
       "D -0.933237 -0.758872\n",
       "E  2.605967  1.978757"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 63,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "mycols = ['Y','X']\n",
    "result[mycols]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 64,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#df[df['W']>0 and df['Y']> 1] ..... truth value is ambiguous\n",
    "#same is the case with \"or\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 65,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
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       "      <th>E</th>\n",
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       "      <td>0.683509</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "          W         X         Y         Z\n",
       "E  0.190794  1.978757  2.605967  0.683509"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 65,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df[(df['W']>0) &(df['Y']>1)]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 66,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
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       "  <tbody>\n",
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       "      <th>A</th>\n",
       "      <td>2.706850</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.628133</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.907969</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.503826</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>B</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.651118</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.319318</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.848077</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.605965</td>\n",
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       "      <th>D</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.188695</td>\n",
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       "      <td>0.955057</td>\n",
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       "      <th>E</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.190794</td>\n",
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       "          W         X         Y         Z\n",
       "A  2.706850  0.628133  0.907969  0.503826\n",
       "B  0.651118 -0.319318 -0.848077  0.605965\n",
       "D  0.188695 -0.758872 -0.933237  0.955057\n",
       "E  0.190794  1.978757  2.605967  0.683509"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 66,
     "metadata": {},
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   ],
   "source": [
    "df[(df['W']>0) | (df['Y']>1)]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 67,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
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       "      <td>-0.848077</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.605965</td>\n",
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       "      <th>C</th>\n",
       "      <td>-2.018168</td>\n",
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       "      <td>-0.589001</td>\n",
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       "      <th>D</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.188695</td>\n",
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       "      <th>E</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.190794</td>\n",
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       "      <td>0.683509</td>\n",
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       "          W         X         Y         Z\n",
       "A  2.706850  0.628133  0.907969  0.503826\n",
       "B  0.651118 -0.319318 -0.848077  0.605965\n",
       "C -2.018168  0.740122  0.528813 -0.589001\n",
       "D  0.188695 -0.758872 -0.933237  0.955057\n",
       "E  0.190794  1.978757  2.605967  0.683509"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 67,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
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   "source": [
    "df"
   ]
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  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 68,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
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       "      <td>2.706850</td>\n",
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       "      <td>0.907969</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.503826</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>B</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.651118</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.319318</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.848077</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.605965</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>C</td>\n",
       "      <td>-2.018168</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.740122</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.528813</td>\n",
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       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>D</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.188695</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.758872</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.933237</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.955057</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>E</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.190794</td>\n",
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      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "  index         W         X         Y         Z\n",
       "0     A  2.706850  0.628133  0.907969  0.503826\n",
       "1     B  0.651118 -0.319318 -0.848077  0.605965\n",
       "2     C -2.018168  0.740122  0.528813 -0.589001\n",
       "3     D  0.188695 -0.758872 -0.933237  0.955057\n",
       "4     E  0.190794  1.978757  2.605967  0.683509"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 68,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.reset_index()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 69,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
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       "      <td>-2.018168</td>\n",
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       "      <th>D</th>\n",
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       "      <th>E</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.190794</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.978757</td>\n",
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       "      <td>0.683509</td>\n",
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      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "          W         X         Y         Z\n",
       "A  2.706850  0.628133  0.907969  0.503826\n",
       "B  0.651118 -0.319318 -0.848077  0.605965\n",
       "C -2.018168  0.740122  0.528813 -0.589001\n",
       "D  0.188695 -0.758872 -0.933237  0.955057\n",
       "E  0.190794  1.978757  2.605967  0.683509"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 69,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 70,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#works by df.reset_index(inplace)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 71,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "newind = 'CA NY WY OR CO'.split()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 72,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['CA', 'NY', 'WY', 'OR', 'CO']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 72,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "newind"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 73,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "df['States'] = newind\n",
    "#dimensions must match ,i.e 5 items"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 74,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
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       "      <td>0.503826</td>\n",
       "      <td>CA</td>\n",
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       "      <th>B</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.651118</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.319318</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.848077</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.605965</td>\n",
       "      <td>NY</td>\n",
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       "      <th>C</th>\n",
       "      <td>-2.018168</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.740122</td>\n",
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       "      <td>WY</td>\n",
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       "      <th>D</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.188695</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.758872</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.933237</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.955057</td>\n",
       "      <td>OR</td>\n",
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       "      <th>E</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.190794</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.978757</td>\n",
       "      <td>2.605967</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.683509</td>\n",
       "      <td>CO</td>\n",
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       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "          W         X         Y         Z States\n",
       "A  2.706850  0.628133  0.907969  0.503826     CA\n",
       "B  0.651118 -0.319318 -0.848077  0.605965     NY\n",
       "C -2.018168  0.740122  0.528813 -0.589001     WY\n",
       "D  0.188695 -0.758872 -0.933237  0.955057     OR\n",
       "E  0.190794  1.978757  2.605967  0.683509     CO"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 74,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 75,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
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       "      <th></th>\n",
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       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>CA</th>\n",
       "      <td>2.706850</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.628133</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.907969</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.503826</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>NY</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.651118</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.319318</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.848077</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.605965</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>WY</th>\n",
       "      <td>-2.018168</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.740122</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.528813</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.589001</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>OR</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.188695</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.758872</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.933237</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.955057</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>CO</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.190794</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.978757</td>\n",
       "      <td>2.605967</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.683509</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "               W         X         Y         Z\n",
       "States                                        \n",
       "CA      2.706850  0.628133  0.907969  0.503826\n",
       "NY      0.651118 -0.319318 -0.848077  0.605965\n",
       "WY     -2.018168  0.740122  0.528813 -0.589001\n",
       "OR      0.188695 -0.758872 -0.933237  0.955057\n",
       "CO      0.190794  1.978757  2.605967  0.683509"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 75,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.set_index('States')\n",
    "#different from reset_index()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 76,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
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       "      <th>A</th>\n",
       "      <td>2.706850</td>\n",
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       "      <td>0.503826</td>\n",
       "      <td>CA</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>B</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.651118</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.319318</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.848077</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.605965</td>\n",
       "      <td>NY</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>C</th>\n",
       "      <td>-2.018168</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.740122</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.528813</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.589001</td>\n",
       "      <td>WY</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>D</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.188695</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.758872</td>\n",
       "      <td>-0.933237</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.955057</td>\n",
       "      <td>OR</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>E</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.190794</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.978757</td>\n",
       "      <td>2.605967</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.683509</td>\n",
       "      <td>CO</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "          W         X         Y         Z States\n",
       "A  2.706850  0.628133  0.907969  0.503826     CA\n",
       "B  0.651118 -0.319318 -0.848077  0.605965     NY\n",
       "C -2.018168  0.740122  0.528813 -0.589001     WY\n",
       "D  0.188695 -0.758872 -0.933237  0.955057     OR\n",
       "E  0.190794  1.978757  2.605967  0.683509     CO"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 76,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 77,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#multi_indexing"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 78,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "outside = ['G1','G1','G1','G2','G2','G2']\n",
    "inside = [1,2,3,1,2,3]\n",
    "hier_index = list(zip(outside,inside))\n",
    "hier_index = pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples(hier_index)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 79,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['G1', 'G1', 'G1', 'G2', 'G2', 'G2']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 79,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "outside"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 80,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 80,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "inside"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 81,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[('G1', 1), ('G1', 2), ('G1', 3), ('G2', 1), ('G2', 2), ('G2', 3)]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 81,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "list(zip(outside,inside))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 82,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "MultiIndex(levels=[['G1', 'G2'], [1, 2, 3]],\n",
       "           labels=[[0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1], [0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2]])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 82,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#dont wrry abt it\n",
    "hier_index"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 83,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "df = pd.DataFrame(randn(6,2),hier_index,['A','B'])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 84,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
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       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>A</th>\n",
       "      <th>B</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th rowspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\">G1</th>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.302665</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.693723</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>-1.706086</td>\n",
       "      <td>-1.159119</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>-0.134841</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.390528</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th rowspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\">G2</th>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.166905</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.184502</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.807706</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.072960</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.638787</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.329646</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "             A         B\n",
       "G1 1  0.302665  1.693723\n",
       "   2 -1.706086 -1.159119\n",
       "   3 -0.134841  0.390528\n",
       "G2 1  0.166905  0.184502\n",
       "   2  0.807706  0.072960\n",
       "   3  0.638787  0.329646"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 84,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 85,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
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       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
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       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>A</th>\n",
       "      <th>B</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.302665</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.693723</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>-1.706086</td>\n",
       "      <td>-1.159119</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>-0.134841</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.390528</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "          A         B\n",
       "1  0.302665  1.693723\n",
       "2 -1.706086 -1.159119\n",
       "3 -0.134841  0.390528"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 85,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.loc['G1']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 86,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "A    0.302665\n",
       "B    1.693723\n",
       "Name: 1, dtype: float64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 86,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.loc['G1'].loc[1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 87,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "FrozenList([None, None])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 87,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.index.names"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 88,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "df.index.names = ['Groups','Num']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 89,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>A</th>\n",
       "      <th>B</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>Groups</th>\n",
       "      <th>Num</th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th rowspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\">G1</th>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.302665</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.693723</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>-1.706086</td>\n",
       "      <td>-1.159119</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>-0.134841</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.390528</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th rowspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\">G2</th>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.166905</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.184502</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.807706</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.072960</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.638787</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.329646</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "                   A         B\n",
       "Groups Num                    \n",
       "G1     1    0.302665  1.693723\n",
       "       2   -1.706086 -1.159119\n",
       "       3   -0.134841  0.390528\n",
       "G2     1    0.166905  0.184502\n",
       "       2    0.807706  0.072960\n",
       "       3    0.638787  0.329646"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 89,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 90,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0.07295967531703869"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 90,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.loc['G2'].loc[2]['B']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 91,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>A</th>\n",
       "      <th>B</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>Num</th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.302665</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.693723</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>-1.706086</td>\n",
       "      <td>-1.159119</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>-0.134841</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.390528</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "            A         B\n",
       "Num                    \n",
       "1    0.302665  1.693723\n",
       "2   -1.706086 -1.159119\n",
       "3   -0.134841  0.390528"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 91,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#crossection\n",
    "df.loc['G1']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 92,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>A</th>\n",
       "      <th>B</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>Num</th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.302665</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.693723</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>-1.706086</td>\n",
       "      <td>-1.159119</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>-0.134841</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.390528</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "            A         B\n",
       "Num                    \n",
       "1    0.302665  1.693723\n",
       "2   -1.706086 -1.159119\n",
       "3   -0.134841  0.390528"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 92,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.xs('G1')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 93,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#grabbing G1's 1 and also G2's 1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 94,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>A</th>\n",
       "      <th>B</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>Groups</th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>G1</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.302665</td>\n",
       "      <td>1.693723</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>G2</th>\n",
       "      <td>0.166905</td>\n",
       "      <td>0.184502</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "               A         B\n",
       "Groups                    \n",
       "G1      0.302665  1.693723\n",
       "G2      0.166905  0.184502"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 94,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.xs(1,level='Num')\n",
    "#level = Num = 1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 96,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "d ={'A':[1,2,np.nan],'B':[5,np.nan,np.nan],'C':[1,2,3]}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 99,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "df = pd.DataFrame(d)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 100,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
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       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
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       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
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       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>A</th>\n",
       "      <th>B</th>\n",
       "      <th>C</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>5.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>2.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "     A    B  C\n",
       "0  1.0  5.0  1\n",
       "1  2.0  NaN  2\n",
       "2  NaN  NaN  3"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 100,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 103,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
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      "text/plain": [
       "     A    B  C\n",
       "0  1.0  5.0  1"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 103,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.dropna()\n",
    "#any row containing null is dropped default axis =0"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 104,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
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       "      <th>C</th>\n",
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      "text/plain": [
       "   C\n",
       "0  1\n",
       "1  2\n",
       "2  3"
      ]
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     "execution_count": 104,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.dropna(axis=1)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 106,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
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       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
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       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>2.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
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       "</div>"
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      "text/plain": [
       "     A    B  C\n",
       "0  1.0  5.0  1\n",
       "1  2.0  NaN  2"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 106,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.dropna(thresh=2)\n",
    "#atleast two non-nan values are not dropped\n",
    "#or we say atleast to nan values to be dropped"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 107,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
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       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>FILL VALUE</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>FILL VALUE</td>\n",
       "      <td>FILL VALUE</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "            A           B  C\n",
       "0           1           5  1\n",
       "1           2  FILL VALUE  2\n",
       "2  FILL VALUE  FILL VALUE  3"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 107,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.fillna(value='FILL VALUE')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 108,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0    1.0\n",
       "1    2.0\n",
       "2    1.5\n",
       "Name: A, dtype: float64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 108,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df['A'].fillna(value=df['A'].mean())\n",
    "#filling the mean value"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 110,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#*****************group by******************"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 111,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "data = {'Company':['GOOG','GOOG','MSFT','MSFT','FB','FB'],'Person':['Sam','Charlie','Amy','Vanessa','Carl','Sarah'],'Sales':[200,120,340,124,243,350]}"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 112,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "df = pd.DataFrame(data)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 113,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
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       "      <td>GOOG</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>GOOG</td>\n",
       "      <td>Charlie</td>\n",
       "      <td>120</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>MSFT</td>\n",
       "      <td>Amy</td>\n",
       "      <td>340</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>MSFT</td>\n",
       "      <td>Vanessa</td>\n",
       "      <td>124</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>FB</td>\n",
       "      <td>Carl</td>\n",
       "      <td>243</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>FB</td>\n",
       "      <td>Sarah</td>\n",
       "      <td>350</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "  Company   Person  Sales\n",
       "0    GOOG      Sam    200\n",
       "1    GOOG  Charlie    120\n",
       "2    MSFT      Amy    340\n",
       "3    MSFT  Vanessa    124\n",
       "4      FB     Carl    243\n",
       "5      FB    Sarah    350"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 113,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 116,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "byComp = df.groupby('Company')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 118,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
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       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
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       "      <th>FB</th>\n",
       "      <td>296.5</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>GOOG</th>\n",
       "      <td>160.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>MSFT</th>\n",
       "      <td>232.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
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       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "         Sales\n",
       "Company       \n",
       "FB       296.5\n",
       "GOOG     160.0\n",
       "MSFT     232.0"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 118,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "byComp.mean()\n",
    "#ignores the non-numeric columns as mean"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 119,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
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       "      <th>FB</th>\n",
       "      <td>593</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>GOOG</th>\n",
       "      <td>320</td>\n",
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       "      <td>464</td>\n",
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      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "         Sales\n",
       "Company       \n",
       "FB         593\n",
       "GOOG       320\n",
       "MSFT       464"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 119,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "byComp.sum()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 120,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
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       "\n",
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       "\n",
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       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
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       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>Sales</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>Company</th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>FB</th>\n",
       "      <td>75.660426</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>GOOG</th>\n",
       "      <td>56.568542</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>MSFT</th>\n",
       "      <td>152.735065</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "              Sales\n",
       "Company            \n",
       "FB        75.660426\n",
       "GOOG      56.568542\n",
       "MSFT     152.735065"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 120,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "byComp.std()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 121,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
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       "<style scoped>\n",
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       "      <th></th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>FB</th>\n",
       "      <td>5724.5</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>GOOG</th>\n",
       "      <td>3200.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>MSFT</th>\n",
       "      <td>23328.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "           Sales\n",
       "Company         \n",
       "FB        5724.5\n",
       "GOOG      3200.0\n",
       "MSFT     23328.0"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 121,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "byComp.var()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 122,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "Sales    593\n",
       "Name: FB, dtype: int64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 122,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "byComp.sum().loc['FB']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 123,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "Sales    593\n",
       "Name: FB, dtype: int64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 123,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.groupby('Company').sum().loc['FB']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 124,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
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       "      <th>FB</th>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>GOOG</th>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>MSFT</th>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
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      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "         Person  Sales\n",
       "Company               \n",
       "FB            2      2\n",
       "GOOG          2      2\n",
       "MSFT          2      2"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 124,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.groupby('Company').count()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 125,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
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       "\n",
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       "\n",
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       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>Person</th>\n",
       "      <th>Sales</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>Company</th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>FB</th>\n",
       "      <td>Sarah</td>\n",
       "      <td>350</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>GOOG</th>\n",
       "      <td>Sam</td>\n",
       "      <td>200</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>MSFT</th>\n",
       "      <td>Vanessa</td>\n",
       "      <td>340</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "          Person  Sales\n",
       "Company                \n",
       "FB         Sarah    350\n",
       "GOOG         Sam    200\n",
       "MSFT     Vanessa    340"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 125,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.groupby('Company').max()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 126,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
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       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>FB</th>\n",
       "      <td>Carl</td>\n",
       "      <td>243</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>GOOG</th>\n",
       "      <td>Charlie</td>\n",
       "      <td>120</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>MSFT</th>\n",
       "      <td>Amy</td>\n",
       "      <td>124</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "          Person  Sales\n",
       "Company                \n",
       "FB          Carl    243\n",
       "GOOG     Charlie    120\n",
       "MSFT         Amy    124"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 126,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.groupby('Company').min()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 127,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
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       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
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       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th colspan=\"8\" halign=\"left\">Sales</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>count</th>\n",
       "      <th>mean</th>\n",
       "      <th>std</th>\n",
       "      <th>min</th>\n",
       "      <th>25%</th>\n",
       "      <th>50%</th>\n",
       "      <th>75%</th>\n",
       "      <th>max</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>Company</th>\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
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       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>FB</th>\n",
       "      <td>2.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>296.5</td>\n",
       "      <td>75.660426</td>\n",
       "      <td>243.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>269.75</td>\n",
       "      <td>296.5</td>\n",
       "      <td>323.25</td>\n",
       "      <td>350.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>GOOG</th>\n",
       "      <td>2.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>160.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>56.568542</td>\n",
       "      <td>120.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>140.00</td>\n",
       "      <td>160.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>180.00</td>\n",
       "      <td>200.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>MSFT</th>\n",
       "      <td>2.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>232.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>152.735065</td>\n",
       "      <td>124.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>178.00</td>\n",
       "      <td>232.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>286.00</td>\n",
       "      <td>340.0</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "        Sales                                                        \n",
       "        count   mean         std    min     25%    50%     75%    max\n",
       "Company                                                              \n",
       "FB        2.0  296.5   75.660426  243.0  269.75  296.5  323.25  350.0\n",
       "GOOG      2.0  160.0   56.568542  120.0  140.00  160.0  180.00  200.0\n",
       "MSFT      2.0  232.0  152.735065  124.0  178.00  232.0  286.00  340.0"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 127,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.groupby('Company').describe()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 130,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
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       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
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       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>Company</th>\n",
       "      <th>FB</th>\n",
       "      <th>GOOG</th>\n",
       "      <th>MSFT</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th rowspan=\"8\" valign=\"top\">Sales</th>\n",
       "      <th>count</th>\n",
       "      <td>2.000000</td>\n",
       "      <td>2.000000</td>\n",
       "      <td>2.000000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>mean</th>\n",
       "      <td>296.500000</td>\n",
       "      <td>160.000000</td>\n",
       "      <td>232.000000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>std</th>\n",
       "      <td>75.660426</td>\n",
       "      <td>56.568542</td>\n",
       "      <td>152.735065</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>min</th>\n",
       "      <td>243.000000</td>\n",
       "      <td>120.000000</td>\n",
       "      <td>124.000000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>25%</th>\n",
       "      <td>269.750000</td>\n",
       "      <td>140.000000</td>\n",
       "      <td>178.000000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>50%</th>\n",
       "      <td>296.500000</td>\n",
       "      <td>160.000000</td>\n",
       "      <td>232.000000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>75%</th>\n",
       "      <td>323.250000</td>\n",
       "      <td>180.000000</td>\n",
       "      <td>286.000000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>max</th>\n",
       "      <td>350.000000</td>\n",
       "      <td>200.000000</td>\n",
       "      <td>340.000000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "Company              FB        GOOG        MSFT\n",
       "Sales count    2.000000    2.000000    2.000000\n",
       "      mean   296.500000  160.000000  232.000000\n",
       "      std     75.660426   56.568542  152.735065\n",
       "      min    243.000000  120.000000  124.000000\n",
       "      25%    269.750000  140.000000  178.000000\n",
       "      50%    296.500000  160.000000  232.000000\n",
       "      75%    323.250000  180.000000  286.000000\n",
       "      max    350.000000  200.000000  340.000000"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 130,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.groupby('Company').describe().transpose()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 131,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "Sales  count      2.000000\n",
       "       mean     296.500000\n",
       "       std       75.660426\n",
       "       min      243.000000\n",
       "       25%      269.750000\n",
       "       50%      296.500000\n",
       "       75%      323.250000\n",
       "       max      350.000000\n",
       "Name: FB, dtype: float64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 131,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.groupby('Company').describe().transpose()['FB']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 132,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#***********************merg/join/concatenating**********"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 133,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#watch videos bro"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 134,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#pd.concat([d1,d2,d3])\n",
    "#pd.concat([d1,d2,d3],axis=1)\n",
    "#pd.merge(left_df , right_def ,how = 'inner' ,on = 'key')\n",
    "#pd.merge(left_df , right_def ,how = 'inner' ,on =['key1','key2'])\n",
    "#also outer right and other joins\n",
    "#left.join(right)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 135,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#***************OPERATIONS*************************"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 136,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
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       "      <td>xyz</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   col1  col2 col3\n",
       "0     1   444  abc\n",
       "1     2   555  def\n",
       "2     3   666  ghi\n",
       "3     4   444  xyz"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 136,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df = pd.DataFrame({'col1':[1,2,3,4],'col2':[444,555,666,444],'col3':['abc','def','ghi','xyz']})\n",
    "df.head()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 137,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array([444, 555, 666], dtype=int64)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 137,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#finding unique values\n",
    "df['col2'].unique()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 138,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "3"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 138,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "len(df['col2'].unique())"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 139,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "3"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 139,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df['col2'].nunique()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 140,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "444    2\n",
       "555    1\n",
       "666    1\n",
       "Name: col2, dtype: int64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 140,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df['col2'].value_counts()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 141,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
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      "text/plain": [
       "   col1  col2 col3\n",
       "2     3   666  ghi\n",
       "3     4   444  xyz"
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     },
     "execution_count": 141,
     "metadata": {},
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   "source": [
    "df[df['col1']>2]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 142,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def times2(x):\n",
    "    return x*2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 143,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "10"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 143,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df['col1'].sum()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 144,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0    2\n",
       "1    4\n",
       "2    6\n",
       "3    8\n",
       "Name: col1, dtype: int64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 144,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df['col1'].apply(times2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 145,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0    3\n",
       "1    3\n",
       "2    3\n",
       "3    3\n",
       "Name: col3, dtype: int64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 145,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df['col3'].apply(len)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 147,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0     888\n",
       "1    1110\n",
       "2    1332\n",
       "3     888\n",
       "Name: col2, dtype: int64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 147,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df['col2'].apply(lambda x : x*2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 148,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
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       "Index(['col1', 'col2', 'col3'], dtype='object')"
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       "RangeIndex(start=0, stop=4, step=1)"
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       "    col1   col2   col3\n",
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       "1  False  False  False\n",
       "2  False  False  False\n",
       "3  False  False  False"
      ]
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     "metadata": {},
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   "cell_type": "code",
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   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
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    "data = {'A':['foo','foo','foo','bar','bar','bar'],\n",
    "       'B':['one','one','two','two','one','one'],\n",
    "       'C':['x','y','x','y','x','y'],\n",
    "       'D': [1,3,2,5,4,1]}\n",
    "df = pd.DataFrame(data)"
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   "execution_count": 159,
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       "     A    B  C  D\n",
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      ]
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   "execution_count": 160,
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   "outputs": [
    {
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       "C          x    y\n",
       "A   B            \n",
       "bar one  4.0  1.0\n",
       "    two  NaN  5.0\n",
       "foo one  1.0  3.0\n",
       "    two  2.0  NaN"
      ]
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    "df.pivot_table(values ='D', index=['A','B'], columns = ['C'])"
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  {
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   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
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