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CreatingTheImageForTheWorkshop.md

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Creating the workshop image

You have two options: either to use the existing workshop image, or to build a new one from scratch.

If you choose to use the existing workshop image, be aware that it might have not be updated for quite a while. So before running a course, launch the existing image, ssh into it, then run

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

If it takes too long consider updating it, taking a snapshot and then using the snapshot for the course.

Build an image from scratch

Choose your base Ubuntu image

The course is currently built around an Ubuntu base image.

On several other presentations we've done there have been issues with the NeCTAR provided images when doing updates from AARNET. Hence you may prefer to base your image on one provided by Ubuntu, as it isolates you from this possible point of failure.

Either way, try to choose an Ubuntu LTS image as your base. This means that you won't have to rebuild the image every six months or so: something that has bitten the original developers of this course!

For the purpose of these notes we are using the 14.04 LTS release.

Ubuntu sourced image

If wanting to use an Ubuntu provided image, go to the images tab of the dashboard:

https://dashboard.rc.nectar.org.au/project/images/

Click on the "Create Image" button.

Fill in the requested Name and Description details.

Then enter the url of the image on the Ubuntu site into the image location box. To find this, go to the Ubuntu cloud image repository at http://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/, open the folder of the image you are interested in, then open the "current" folder (current is the most recent). Then scroll all the way to the bottom, and copy the url for the amd64 server cloud image. At the moment that is:

https://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/trusty/current/trusty-server-cloudimg-amd64-disk1.img

Paste this url location into the image location box.

The format is "Raw".

The architecture is "x86_64".

Leave all the other fields blank and select the "Create Image" button.

Then wait awhile for the image to be imported.

NeCTAR sourced image

If wanting to use the NeCTAR provided image, simply select the desired Ubuntu LTS image from the list of NeCTAR provided images when launching the instance.

Launch your instance

Don't forget to choose security groups that allow ssh and http access (ports 22 and 80). Also don't forget to select the appropriate keypair to allow ssh access.

Once you have launched your chosen image, ssh into it.

On your instance

Update it

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

Set up loop.sh

Set up the required files in the ubuntu users home directory. First, loop.sh:

cat > loop.sh <<- EndOfMessage
#!/bin/bash
COUNTER=0
while [ \$COUNTER -lt 10000000 ]; do
    echo The counter is \$COUNTER
    let COUNTER=COUNTER+1
    sleep .5
done
EndOfMessage

Then make it executable:

chmod +x loop.sh

Test it by running it:

./loop.sh

Set up today.txt

Then today.txt:

cat > today.txt <<- EndOfMessage
If nothing else, today I am going to ___________.

I am going to do this by ______ then _____ then ______.

If I do this and only this, today will be a good day.
EndOfMessage

Make it useable by Windows users:

sudo apt install dos2unix
unix2dos today.txt

Install apache2

sudo apt-get install apache2
# check to see if installed by going to http://<your instance IP address>
# note that check this you need to have port 80 open in your security groups

Install and prepare mysql

# install mysql and the php files to access it
sudo apt-get install mysql-server
# make a note of the password you selected for the root mysql user
# then tell mysql to make its tables
sudo mysql_install_db
# finally, secure the installation (provide the root password, 
# then just accept all the default suggestions by hitting 'enter'
sudo mysql_secure_installation
# now install php 5
sudo apt-get install php5 libapache2-mod-php5 php5-mcrypt
# then set up the drupal database
mysql -u root -p

In the resultant mysql environment, set up the drupal database and drupal user, taking care to use a good password that you again make a note of:

CREATE DATABASE drupal;
CREATE USER drupaluser@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'your_good_password';
GRANT SELECT,INSERT,UPDATE,DELETE,CREATE,DROP,INDEX,ALTER,CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES,LOCK TABLES ON drupal.* TO drupaluser@localhost;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
exit

Install needed php5 libraries

sudo apt-get install php5-gd php5-curl libssh2-php php5-mysql
sudo nano /etc/php5/apache2/php.ini

Search for the expose_php and the allow_url_fopen directives and set both of them to "Off":

Save and close.

sudo a2enmod rewrite
sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf

Below the DocumentRoot /var/www/html add:

<Directory /var/www/html>
    AllowOverride All
</Directory>

and save and close.

Restart apache:

sudo service apache2 restart

Install Drupal

Get the url for the Drupal release you want by going to the Drupal download page:

https://www.drupal.org/project/drupal

And finding the url for the latest 7.x series recommended release.

Back on your instance wget that release:

wget http://ftp.drupal.org/files/projects/drupal-7.43.tar.gz
tar xzvf drupal*
cd drupal*
sudo rsync -avz . /var/www/html
cd /var/www/html
cp /var/www/html/sites/default/default.settings.php /var/www/html/sites/default/settings.php
chmod 664 /var/www/html/sites/default/settings.php
sudo chown -R :www-data /var/www/html/*

In your browser navigate to your new Drupal site:

http:///

and start the configuration process.

Select the 'standard' option and continue.

When you get to the database section, use the drupal database, and use the drupaluser and password you set up earlier.

On the "Configure site" remember to make a note of the drupal administrator name (say drupaladmin) and make a note of it (again).

Once configured,

Navigate to the home page, and select "add content"

Select "Basic Page"

Then give the resultant page the title "The research cat" Select "Full Html" for the text format and paste in:

<a title="By No machine-readable author provided. 
  Bertilvidet~commonswiki assumed (based on copyright claims). 
  [GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html), CC-BY-SA-3.0 
  (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/) or CC BY 2.5 
  (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5)], via Wikimedia Commons" 
  href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3ATurkish_Van_Cat.jpg">
  <img width="512" alt="Turkish Van Cat" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Turkish_Van_Cat.jpg/512px-Turkish_Van_Cat.jpg"/>
  </a>

Under publishing options, select "Promoted to front page" and save.

Now when you visit the home page, you should see the cat image on it...

Then set up the site information to whatever you want it to be at Configuration -> Site Information.

Finally, back in your ssh shell:

chmod 644 /var/www/html/sites/default/settings.php

Write down the password for future use...

Change back to your home directory, and save the drupal admin user password that you created above in the file named info.txt:

cd ~
nano info.txt

with the contents along the lines of:

# the drupal admin user
drupaladmin: a_big_complex_password

NB Writing down the password like this isn't good practice... But it does mean that it travels with the image, and so can be accessed and used by students if need be during the lessons.

Give this password some modicum of decency by restricting its access:

chmod 600 info.txt

Anyone who uses this image for anything other than this lesson should change this password the minute they've brought the instance up. This can be done via the Drupal web interface.

Ensure that the X11 forwarding is set up correctly for Windows PuTTY users

Make sure that the file /etc/ssh/sshd_config has the following lines in it:

X11Forwarding yes
X11DisplayOffset 10

Prepare for the story

cd ~                # return to the ubuntu user's home directory
mkdir TopSecret     # create the top secret directory
# create the plan file
cat > TopSecret/plan.txt <<- EndOfMessage

We plan to take over the world. To do this we have hacked into all the computers in the Internet of things.

Enter "CAFEBABE" into the command console to start their shutdown.

Enter "DEADBEEF" into the command console to abort the mission.

EndOfMessage
# create the important file.
cat > TopSecret/important.txt <<- EndOfMessage

Make sure to do something about that pesky agent Double Oh Who and their sidekick.

EndOfMessage

Clean up after yourself

Remove the Drupal gumph that you've downloaded into the home directory...

rm /home/ubuntu/drupal-7.43.tar.gz
rm -r /home/ubuntu/drupal-7.43/

Remove the keys you used to launch the instance:

> /home/ubuntu/.ssh/authorized_keys

NB From this point you will not be able to ssh into this instance! If you think this might be a problem, snapshot the instance, then delete your keys from a running copy of the snapshot, then make a snapshot of the snapshot...

Make the snapshot

Then shut the instance off (do not terminate it) and make a snapshot of it named res_os_drupal7.

Go to the snapshot and edit it:

  • change its description to "The ResBaz cloud workshop image as at "
  • make it public

Once that is done, start it and test that all works as expected.

Only then terminate the source instance that you built above.