[K2] Use only stable compiler API

[IgnatBeresnev]

This issue is part of a larger issue: Sustainability of dependencies (#3127)

Context

As described in #3127, the K1 compiler API that Dokka relies on is not stable, and internal compiler refactorings, new features and bugfixes sometimes (unwillingly and unknowingly) have a very negative impact on Dokka. We aren't the only ones with this problem, so one of the goals of the new K2 compiler is to introduce separate API-only artifacts that would be stable and not affected by internal compiler changes.

As of Kotlin 1.9.10, this stable compiler API is still in the works, so Dokka has to depend on a bunch of artifacts with questionable stability — some required for the needed API, some for runtime only.

Goal

Dokka should, sooner or later, only rely on the stable compiler API, and all of the compiler runtime dependencies (== API implementations) should (ideally) be provided as a single or a number of artifacts with runtimeOnly scope.

This will require working with the team responsible for the compiler API to make sure that all of Dokka's use cases are covered. It will take time for that team to implement the API that Dokka needs, so this issue exists to keep track of progress.

[IgnatBeresnev]

After a quick chat with @darthorimar, we agreed that the Dokka team will create a list of non-stable API that Dokka uses (in other words, the API we use from non-API / implementation artifacts). Then we can discuss it together and decide what to do with this API - either also extract / stabilize it, or come up with stable alternatives.

[IgnatBeresnev]

Subtasks:

1. After implementing [K2] Migrate to new Standalone Analysis API #3114, collect a list of non-stable API and discuss it with the compiler API team.
2. After implementing [K2] Support KMP projects #3137, we'll refine the list, as we might end up using more unstable API to support it that we didn't have to use before.

[vmishenev]

Needed API for Dokka:
KT-63339

[vmishenev]

It is expected Analysis API's sourcePsiSafe should support Java sources as well. It depends on KT-53669
After KT-53669, all uses of KtSymbol.origin should be revisited.

[IgnatBeresnev]

Child issue: #3226

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Some Analysis API issues that we are also interested in:

• KT-61387 - Analysis API: stabilize Analysis API
  • (child) KT-61404 - Analysis API: implement proper library publishing structure
  • (child) KT-61403 - Analysis API: Stabilize API Surface