references.bib

@software{allaire_etal2023rmarkdownDynamic,
  title = {Rmarkdown: {{Dynamic Documents}} for {{R}}},
  shorttitle = {Rmarkdown},
  author = {family=Allaire, given=JJ, given-i=JJ and Xie, Yihui and Dervieux, Christophe and McPherson, Jonathan and Luraschi, Javier and Ushey, Kevin and Atkins, Aron and Wickham, Hadley and Cheng, Joe and Chang, Winston and Iannone, Richard},
  date = {2023},
  origdate = {2014-01-22T17:25:19Z},
  url = {https://github.com/rstudio/rmarkdown},
  urldate = {2024-05-29},
  abstract = {Dynamic Documents for R},
  version = {2.20.1}
}

@article{bellFisheriesHandbookEngineering1991,
  title = {Fisheries {{Handbook}} of {{Engineering Requirements}} and {{Biological Criteria}}},
  author = {Bell, M.C.},
  date = {1991},
  url = {https://www.fs.fed.us/biology/nsaec/fishxing/fplibrary/Bell_1991_Fisheries_handbook_of_engineering_requirements_and.pdf},
  urldate = {2020-11-24},
  keywords = {duplicate-citation-key,Move},
  file = {/Users/airvine/Zotero/storage/H93U3PAU/bell_1991_fisheries_handbook_of_engineering_requirements_and_biological_criteria.pdf}
}

@article{bourne_etal2011Barriersfish,
  title = {Barriers to Fish Passage and Barriers to Fish Passage Assessments: {{The}} Impact of Assessment Methods and Assumptions on Barrier Identification and Quantification of Watershed Connectivity},
  shorttitle = {Barriers to Fish Passage and Barriers to Fish Passage Assessments},
  author = {Bourne, Christina and Kehler, Dan and Wiersma, Yolanda and Cote, David},
  date = {2011},
  journaltitle = {Aquatic Ecology},
  shortjournal = {Aquatic Ecology},
  volume = {45},
  pages = {389--403},
  doi = {10.1007/s10452-011-9362-z}
}

@article{bramblett_etal2002SeasonalUse,
  title = {Seasonal {{Use}} of {{Small Tributary}} and {{Main-Stem Habitats}} by {{Juvenile Steelhead}}, {{Coho Salmon}}, and {{Dolly Varden}} in a {{Southeastern Alaska Drainage Basin}}},
  author = {Bramblett, Robert G. and Bryant, Mason D. and Wright, Brenda E. and White, Robert G.},
  date = {2002-05},
  journaltitle = {Transactions of the American Fisheries Society},
  shortjournal = {Transactions of the American Fisheries Society},
  volume = {131},
  number = {3},
  pages = {498--506},
  issn = {0002-8487, 1548-8659},
  doi = {10.1577/1548-8659(2002)131<0498:SUOSTA>2.0.CO;2},
  url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1577/1548-8659(2002)131<0498:SUOSTA>2.0.CO;2},
  urldate = {2023-03-15},
  langid = {english}
}

@article{busch_etal2011LandscapeLevelModel,
  ids = {shallinbusch_etal2013LANDSCAPELEVELMODELb},
  title = {Landscape-{{Level Model}} to {{Predict Spawning Habitat For Lower Columbia River Fall Chinook Salmon}} ( {{{\emph{Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha}}}} ): {{Intrinsic Potential Model}} for {{Spawning Fall Chinook Salmon}}},
  shorttitle = {{{LANDSCAPE-LEVEL MODEL TO PREDICT SPAWNING HABITAT FOR LOWER COLUMBIA RIVER FALL CHINOOK SALMON}} ( {{{\emph{ONCORHYNCHUS TSHAWYTSCHA}}}} )},
  author = {Busch, D.Shallin and Sheer, Mindi and Burnett, Kelly and McElhany, Paul and Cooney, Tom},
  date = {2011},
  journaltitle = {River Research and Applications},
  shortjournal = {River Res. Applic.},
  volume = {29},
  number = {3},
  pages = {297--312},
  issn = {15351459},
  doi = {10.1002/rra.1597},
  url = {https://www.fs.usda.gov/pnw/publications/landscape-level-model-predict-spawning-habitat-lower-columbia-river-fall-chinook-salmon},
  urldate = {2021-02-24},
  abstract = {We developed an intrinsic potential (1P) model to estimate the potential of streams to provide habitat for spawning fall Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in the Lower Columbia River evolutionarily significant unit. This evolutionarily significant unit is a threatened species, and both fish abundance and distribution are reduced from historical levels. The IP model focuses on geomorphic conditions that lead to the development of a habitat that fish use and includes three geomorphic channel parameters: confinement, width and gradient. We found that the amount of potential habitat for each population does not correlate with current, depressed, total population abundance. However, reaches currently used by spawners have high IP, and IP model results correlate well with results from the complex Ecosystem Diagnosis and Treatment model. A disproportionately large amount of habitat with the best potential is currently inaccessible to fish because of anthropogenic barriers. Sensitivity analyses indicate that uncertainty in the relationship between channel width and habitat suitability has the largest influence on model results and that model form influences model results more for some populations than for others. Published in 2011 by John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd.},
  langid = {english}
}

@misc{bustard_schell2002ConservingMorice,
  title = {Conserving {{Morice Watershed Fish Populations}} and Their {{Habitat}}},
  author = {Bustard, D and Schell, C},
  date = {2002},
  url = {https://waves-vagues.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/Library/315091.pdf},
  urldate = {2021-03-04},
  organization = {Community Futures Development Corporation of Nadina},
  file = {/Users/airvine/Zotero/storage/HP2PWVUQ/bustard_schell_2002_conserving_morice_watershed_fish_populations_and_their_habitat.pdf}
}

@report{calvin_etal2023IPCCSummary,
  title = {{{IPCC}}: {{Summary}} for {{Policymakers}}. {{In}}: {{Climate Change}} 2023: {{Synthesis Report}}},
  shorttitle = {{{IPCC}}, 2023},
  author = {Calvin, Katherine and Dasgupta, Dipak and Krinner, Gerhard and Mukherji, Aditi and Thorne, Peter W. and Trisos, Christopher and Romero, José and Aldunce, Paulina and Barrett, Ko and Blanco, Gabriel and Cheung, William W.L. and Connors, Sarah and Denton, Fatima and Diongue-Niang, Aïda and Dodman, David and Garschagen, Matthias and Geden, Oliver and Hayward, Bronwyn and Jones, Christopher and Jotzo, Frank and Krug, Thelma and Lasco, Rodel and Lee, Yune-Yi and Masson-Delmotte, Valérie and Meinshausen, Malte and Mintenbeck, Katja and Mokssit, Abdalah and Otto, Friederike E.L. and Pathak, Minal and Pirani, Anna and Poloczanska, Elvira and Pörtner, Hans-Otto and Revi, Aromar and Roberts, Debra C. and Roy, Joyashree and Ruane, Alex C. and Skea, Jim and Shukla, Priyadarshi R. and Slade, Raphael and Slangen, Aimée and Sokona, Youba and Sörensson, Anna A. and Tignor, Melinda and Van Vuuren, Detlef and Wei, Yi-Ming and Winkler, Harald and Zhai, Panmao and Zommers, Zinta and Hourcade, Jean-Charles and Johnson, Francis X. and Pachauri, Shonali and Simpson, Nicholas P. and Singh, Chandni and Thomas, Adelle and Totin, Edmond and Arias, Paola and Bustamante, Mercedes and Elgizouli, Ismail and Flato, Gregory and Howden, Mark and Méndez-Vallejo, Carlos and Pereira, Joy Jacqueline and Pichs-Madruga, Ramón and Rose, Steven K. and Saheb, Yamina and Sánchez Rodríguez, Roberto and Ürge-Vorsatz, Diana and Xiao, Cunde and Yassaa, Noureddine and Alegría, Andrés and Armour, Kyle and Bednar-Friedl, Birgit and Blok, Kornelis and Cissé, Guéladio and Dentener, Frank and Eriksen, Siri and Fischer, Erich and Garner, Gregory and Guivarch, Céline and Haasnoot, Marjolijn and Hansen, Gerrit and Hauser, Mathias and Hawkins, Ed and Hermans, Tim and Kopp, Robert and Leprince-Ringuet, Noëmie and Lewis, Jared and Ley, Debora and Ludden, Chloé and Niamir, Leila and Nicholls, Zebedee and Some, Shreya and Szopa, Sophie and Trewin, Blair and Van Der Wijst, Kaj-Ivar and Winter, Gundula and Witting, Maximilian and Birt, Arlene and Ha, Meeyoung and Romero, José and Kim, Jinmi and Haites, Erik F. and Jung, Yonghun and Stavins, Robert and Birt, Arlene and Ha, Meeyoung and Orendain, Dan Jezreel A. and Ignon, Lance and Park, Semin and Park, Youngin and Reisinger, Andy and Cammaramo, Diego and Fischlin, Andreas and Fuglestvedt, Jan S. and Hansen, Gerrit and Ludden, Chloé and Masson-Delmotte, Valérie and Matthews, J.B. Robin and Mintenbeck, Katja and Pirani, Anna and Poloczanska, Elvira and Leprince-Ringuet, Noëmie and Péan, Clotilde},
  namea = {Lee, Hoesung},
  nameatype = {collaborator},
  date = {2023-07-25},
  edition = {First},
  institution = {Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)},
  doi = {10.59327/IPCC/AR6-9789291691647},
  url = {https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/syr/},
  urldate = {2023-11-02},
  abstract = {The Synthesis Report (SYR) is a stand-alone synthesis of the most policy-relevant evidence from the scientific, technical, and socio-economic literature assessed in the Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The SYR distils and integrates the main findings of the three reports of the Working Groups of the IPCC during the AR6, and the three AR6 Special Reports into a concise document. It consists of a Summary for Policymakers and a longer report.},
  langid = {english},
  file = {/Users/airvine/Zotero/storage/6YU2BX28/calvin_et_al_2023_ipcc_-_summary_for_policymakers._in_-_climate_change_2023_-_synthesis_report.pdf}
}

@online{canada2024NationalWater,
  type = {service description},
  title = {National {{Water Data Archive}}: {{HYDAT}}},
  shorttitle = {National {{Water Data Archive}}},
  author = {Canada, Environment {and} Climate Change},
  date = {2024},
  url = {https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/water-overview/quantity/monitoring/survey/data-products-services/national-archive-hydat.html},
  urldate = {2021-01-21},
  abstract = {Information about water quantity is required by a wide audience, including research scientists, policy-makers, design engineers and the general public. Water level, flow and sediment data are used by decision makers to resolve issues related to sustainable use, infrastructure planning and water apportionment. Hydrological models use the data to improve the forecasting of floods and water supplies, and to predict the impacts of changes on flow regimes to human and aquatic health and economic activity.  Environment Canada is the federal agency responsible for the collection, interpretation, and dissemination of standardized water quantity data and information in Canada. EC has maintained the National Hydrometric Program through cost-shared agreements with the provinces and territories since the mid-1970s. Established in 1908, EC’s Water Survey of Canada is the designated branch responsible for water resource monitoring in support of interjurisdictional agreements and treaties.},
  langid = {english},
  organization = {aem},
  annotation = {Last Modified: 2018-07-05}
}

@misc{clarkinNationalInventoryAssessment2005,
  title = {National {{Inventory}} and {{Assessment Procedure For Identifying Barriers}} to {{Aquatic Organism Passage}} at {{Road-Stream Crossings}}},
  author = {Clarkin, K and Connor, A and Furniss, M and Gubernick, B and Love, M and Moynan, K and WilsonMusser, S},
  date = {2005},
  url = {https://www.fs.fed.us/biology/nsaec/fishxing/publications/PDFs/NIAP.pdf},
  urldate = {2020-11-26},
  organization = {United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, National Technology and Development Program},
  keywords = {duplicate-citation-key,Move},
  file = {/Users/airvine/Zotero/storage/JD47FNR2/clarkin_et_al_2005_national_inventory_and_assessment_procedure_for_identifying_barriers_to_aquatic.pdf}
}

@misc{confirmation_checklist_2011,
  title = {A {{Checklist}} for {{Fish Habitat Confirmation Prior}} to the {{Rehabilitation}} Fo a {{Stream Crossing}}},
  author = {{Fish Passage Technical Working Group}},
  date = {2011},
  url = {https://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/environment/natural-resource-stewardship/land-based-investment/forests-for-tomorrow/checklist-for-fish-habitat-confirmation-201112.pdf},
  urldate = {2020-06-05}
}

@article{cooney_holzer2006AppendixInterior,
  title = {Appendix {{C}}: {{Interior Columbia Basin Stream Type Chinook Salmon}} and {{Steelhead Populations}}: {{Habitat Intrinsic Potential Analysis}}},
  author = {Cooney, Thomas and Holzer, Damon},
  date = {2006},
  pages = {21},
  langid = {english}
}

@book{cote_etal2005Fishpassage,
  title = {Fish Passage and Stream Habitat Restoration in {{Terra Nova National Park}} Highway Culverts},
  author = {Cote, David and Frampton, P and Langdon, M and Collier, R},
  date = {2005}
}

@misc{data_fish_obs,
  title = {Known {{BC}} Fish Observations and {{BC}} Fish Distributions},
  author = {{MoE}},
  date = {2019},
  url = {https://catalogue.data.gov.bc.ca/dataset/known-bc-fish-observations-and-bc-fish-distributions},
  howpublished = {Ministry of Environment and Climate Change Strategy - Knowledge Management}
}

@misc{departmentoffisheriesandoceans1991Fishhabitat,
  title = {Fish Habitat Inventory and Information Program {{SISS Stream Summary Catalogue}}. {{Subdistrict 4D}}, {{Smithers}} ({{Volume}} 2). {{Bulkley}}.},
  author = {{Department of Fisheries and Oceans}},
  date = {1991},
  url = {https://waves-vagues.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/library-bibliotheque/40602369.pdf},
  annotation = {https://waves-vagues.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/library-bibliotheque/40602369.pdf},
  file = {/Users/airvine/Zotero/storage/DVGMM832/department_of_fisheries_and_oceans_1991_fish_habitat_inventory_and_information_program_siss_stream_summary_catalogue..pdf}
}

@article{diebel_etal2015EffectsRoad,
  title = {Effects of {{Road Crossings}} on {{Habitat Connectivity}} for {{Stream-Resident Fish}}: {{STREAM-RESIDENT FISH HABITAT CONNECTIVITY}}},
  shorttitle = {Effects of {{Road Crossings}} on {{Habitat Connectivity}} for {{Stream-Resident Fish}}},
  author = {Diebel, M. W. and Fedora, M. and Cogswell, S. and O'Hanley, J. R.},
  date = {2015},
  journaltitle = {River Research and Applications},
  shortjournal = {River Res. Applic.},
  volume = {31},
  number = {10},
  pages = {1251--1261},
  issn = {15351459},
  doi = {10.1002/rra.2822},
  url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/rra.2822},
  urldate = {2020-12-23},
  langid = {english}
}

@report{dyson1949BulkleyFalls,
  title = {Bulkley {{Falls Investigation Report}}},
  author = {Dyson, J.B.},
  date = {1949},
  url = {https://data.skeenasalmon.info/dataset/0af0ecf8-0d55-4d48-9bde-d869db0fb71a/resource/b3360add-f7df-4906-8cb5-c2cb4a3e7fa9/download/bulkley-falls-investigation-dfo-1949.pdf},
  urldate = {2022-04-12}
}

@misc{eccc2016Climatedata,
  title = {Climate Data and Scenarios for {{Canada}}: {{Synthesis}} of Recent Observation and Modelling Results},
  author = {{ECCC}},
  date = {2016},
  url = {https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2016/eccc/En84-132-2016-eng.pdf},
  urldate = {2024-03-05},
  organization = {nvironment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC)},
  file = {/Users/airvine/Zotero/storage/T37WJSCY/eccc_2016_climate_data_and_scenarios_for_canada_-_synthesis_of_recent_observation_and.pdf}
}

@report{elmer2021Initialassessment,
  title = {Initial Assessment of Fish Habitat Usage and Accessibility in {{Clear Creek Eastern Side Channel}}},
  author = {Elmer, Laura},
  date = {2021},
  url = {https://a100.gov.bc.ca/pub/acat/public/viewReport.do?reportId=61024},
  urldate = {2024-04-15},
  file = {/Users/airvine/Zotero/storage/NVPM4LV9/viewReport.html}
}

@manual{fish_passage_assessments,
  type = {manual},
  title = {Field Assessment for Determining Fish Passage Status of Closed Bottom Structures},
  author = {{BC Ministry of Environment}},
  date = {2011},
  publisher = {BC Ministry of Environment},
  location = {Victoria, British Columbia},
  url = {https://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/environment/natural-resource-stewardship/land-based-investment/forests-for-tomorrow/field-assessment-for-determining-fish-passage-status-of-cbs.pdf}
}

@misc{flnro2013BulkleyRiver,
  title = {Bulkley {{River Angling Management Plan}}},
  author = {{FLNRO}},
  date = {2013},
  url = {https://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/environment/plants-animals-and-ecosystems/fish-fish-habitat/fishery-resources/region-6-skeena/skeena-amp-bulkley-river-2013.pdf},
  urldate = {2021-02-22},
  organization = {Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations (FLNRO)}
}

@misc{flnro2013OverviewAngling,
  title = {Overview of {{Angling}}  {{Management Plans}} for the {{Skeena Watershed}}},
  author = {{FLNRO}},
  date = {2013},
  url = {https://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/environment/plants-animals-and-ecosystems/fish-fish-habitat/fishery-resources/region-6-skeena/skeena-amp-overview-2013.pdf},
  urldate = {2021-02-22},
  organization = {Ministry of Forests, Lands, Natural Resource Operations (FLNRO)}
}

@misc{flnrord2013ZymoetzRiver,
  title = {Zymoetz {{River Class I Section Angling Management Plan}}},
  author = {{FLNRORD}},
  date = {2013},
  url = {https://www.env.gov.bc.ca/skeena/fish/AMPs/Zymoetz1_AMP.pdf},
  keywords = {mateo},
  file = {/Users/airvine/Zotero/storage/5MYKYCBR/flnrord_2013_zymoetz_river_class_i_section_angling_management_plan.pdf}
}

@misc{flnrord2017NaturalResource,
  title = {Natural {{Resource Stewardship Monitoring}} and {{Assessment Report}} for the {{Wet}}’suwet’en {{Hereditary Territory}}},
  author = {{FLNRORD}},
  date = {2017},
  url = {https://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/farming-natural-resources-and-industry/forestry/integrated-monitoring/nrsmonitoringandassessmentreport-wetsuweten.pdf},
  urldate = {2024-02-18},
  file = {/Users/airvine/Zotero/storage/NTRVCVXH/flnrord_2017_natural_resource_stewardship_monitoring_and_assessment_report_for_the.pdf}
}

@misc{flnrord2019FreshwaterFishing,
  title = {Freshwater {{Fishing Regulations Synopsis}}},
  author = {{FLNRORD}},
  date = {2019},
  url = {https://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/sports-recreation-arts-and-culture/outdoor-recreation/fishing-and-hunting/freshwater-fishing/region_6_skeena.pdf},
  urldate = {2021-02-22},
  langid = {english},
  organization = {Ministry of Forests, Lands, Natural Resource Operations \& Rural Development (FLNRORD)}
}

@online{flnrordDigitalRoadAtlas2020,
  title = {Digital {{Road Atlas}} ({{DRA}}) - {{Master Partially-Attributed Roads}} - {{Data Catalogue}}},
  author = {{FLNRORD}},
  date = {2020},
  url = {https://catalogue.data.gov.bc.ca/dataset/digital-road-atlas-dra-master-partially-attributed-roads},
  urldate = {2020-12-19},
  langid = {english}
}

@online{flnrordForestTenureRoad2020,
  title = {Forest {{Tenure Road Section Lines}} - {{Data Catalogue}}},
  author = {{FLNRORD}},
  date = {2020},
  url = {https://catalogue.data.gov.bc.ca/dataset/forest-tenure-road-section-lines},
  urldate = {2020-12-19},
  langid = {english}
}

@online{GitxsanHuwilpGovernment,
  title = {Gitxsan {{Huwilp Government}}},
  url = {https://gitxsan.ca/},
  urldate = {2024-05-29},
  langid = {canadian},
  file = {/Users/airvine/Zotero/storage/FRKFJIQZ/gitxsan.ca.html}
}

@report{gottesfeld_etal2002ConservingSkeena,
  title = {Conserving {{Skeena Fish Populations}} and {{Their Habitat}} - {{Skeena Stage I Watershed-based Fish Sustainability Plan}}},
  author = {Gottesfeld, Allen and Rabnett, Ken and Hall, Peter},
  date = {2002},
  institution = {Skeena Fisheries Commission},
  url = {https://www.psf.ca/sites/default/files/Skeena%20WFSP%2012%20%28low%20res%29.pdf},
  urldate = {2020-06-21}
}

@misc{gottesfeld_rabnett2007SkeenaFish,
  title = {Skeena {{Fish Populations}} and Their {{Habitat}}},
  author = {Gottesfeld, A and Rabnett, K},
  date = {2007},
  organization = {Skeena Fisheries Commission},
  file = {/Users/airvine/Zotero/storage/IQ89I7BK/gottesfeld_rabnett_2007_skeena_fish_populations_and_their_habitat.pdf}
}

@online{healthywatershedsinitiative2021RiparianRestoration,
  title = {Riparian {{Restoration Surveys}} on {{Streams}} near {{Terrace}} - {{Healthy Watersheds Initiative}}},
  author = {{Healthy Watersheds Initiative}},
  date = {2021-06-08T02:36:08+00:00},
  url = {https://healthywatersheds.ca/project/riparian-restoration-surveys-on-streams-near-terrace/},
  urldate = {2024-04-15},
  abstract = {SkeenaWild Conservation Trust is conducting riparian restoration surveys on four fish-bearing streams north of Terrace: Willow Creek, Spring Creek, Lean-To Creek, and Deep Creek. These surveys will identify priority areas for future restoration work and provide a baseline for future monitoring of stream characteristics. This project supports four jobs. (Photo: Picture BC / Flickr)},
  langid = {american},
  file = {/Users/airvine/Zotero/storage/IGXCVHAP/riparian-restoration-surveys-on-streams-near-terrace.html}
}

@unpublished{ibmbusinessconsultingservices2006ValuationWild,
  title = {Valuation of the {{Wild Salmon Economy}} of the {{Skeena River Watershed}}},
  author = {{IBM Business Consulting Services}},
  date = {2006},
  url = {https://www.psf.ca/sites/default/files/IBM_skeena_report_061.pdf},
  urldate = {2021-04-15}
}

@misc{ilmb2007MoriceLand,
  title = {Morice {{Land}} and {{Resource Management Plan}}},
  author = {{ILMB}},
  date = {2007},
  url = {https://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/farming-natural-resources-and-industry/natural-resource-use/land-water-use/crown-land/land-use-plans-and-objectives/skeena-region/morice-lrmp/morice_lrmp_july2007.pdf},
  urldate = {2024-03-05},
  organization = {\{Ministry of Agriculture and Lands - Integrated Land Management Bureau (ILMB)\vphantom\}},
  file = {/Users/airvine/Zotero/storage/MVDJKSSJ/ilmb_2007_morice_land_and_resource_management_plan.pdf}
}

@book{irvine_wintersheidt2023SkeenaWatershed,
  title = {Skeena {{Watershed Fish Passage Restoration Planning}} 2022},
  author = {Irvine, A and Wintersheidt},
  date = {2023},
  url = {https://www.newgraphenvironment.com/fish_passage_skeena_2022_reporting/},
  urldate = {2024-05-29},
  abstract = {Skeena Fish Passage Planning 2022},
  annotation = {Updated in 2024 v0.1.1},
  file = {/Users/airvine/Zotero/storage/DPV7RKYY/fish_passage_skeena_2022_reporting.html}
}

@misc{irvine2021BulkleyRiver,
  title = {Bulkley {{River}} and {{Morice River Watershed Groups Fish Passage Restoration Planning}}},
  author = {{Irvine}},
  date = {2021},
  url = {https://newgraphenvironment.github.io/fish_passage_bulkley_2020_reporting/},
  file = {/Users/airvine/Zotero/storage/A8D26EZV/irvine_2021_bulkley_river_and_morice_river_watershed_groups_fish_passage_restoration.pdf}
}

@software{irvine2022NewGraphEnvironmentfpr,
  title = {{{NewGraphEnvironment}}/Fpr},
  author = {Irvine, Allan},
  date = {2022},
  origdate = {2022-03-14T19:19:49Z},
  url = {https://github.com/NewGraphEnvironment/fpr},
  urldate = {2022-04-13},
  abstract = {Fish Passage Reporting functions},
  version = {0.1.0.9000}
}

@article{kemp_ohanley2010Proceduresevaluating,
  title = {Procedures for Evaluating and Prioritising the Removal of Fish Passage Barriers: {{A}} Synthesis: {{EVALUATION OF FISH PASSAGE BARRIERS}}},
  shorttitle = {Procedures for Evaluating and Prioritising the Removal of Fish Passage Barriers},
  author = {Kemp, P. S. and O'Hanley, J. R.},
  date = {2010},
  journaltitle = {Fisheries Management and Ecology},
  pages = {no-no},
  issn = {0969997X, 13652400},
  doi = {10.1111/j.1365-2400.2010.00751.x},
  url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1365-2400.2010.00751.x},
  urldate = {2020-12-30},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {duplicate-citation-key}
}

@article{kirsch_etal2014Fishinventory,
  title = {Fish Inventory and Anadromous Cataloging in the {{Susitna River}}, {{Matanuska River}}, and {{Knik River}} Basins, 2003 and 2011.},
  author = {Kirsch, J M and Buckwalter, Joseph D and Reed, Daniel J},
  date = {2014},
  pages = {149},
  langid = {english}
}

@online{kitsumkalumbandOurCulture,
  title = {Our {{Culture}}},
  author = {{Kitsumkalum Band}},
  url = {https://kitsumkalum.com/about/our-culture/},
  urldate = {2024-04-15},
  langid = {canadian},
  organization = {Kitsumkalum, a Galts’ap (community) of the Tsimshian Nation},
  file = {/Users/airvine/Zotero/storage/DMSZBXZP/our-culture.html}
}

@article{mahlum_etal2014EvaluatingBarrier,
  title = {Evaluating the {{Barrier Assessment Technique Derived}} from {{FishXing Software}} and the {{Upstream Movement}} of {{Brook Trout}} through {{Road Culverts}}},
  author = {Mahlum, Shad and Cote, David and Wiersma, Yolanda and Kehler, Dan and Clarke, K.},
  date = {2014},
  journaltitle = {Transactions of the American Fisheries Society},
  shortjournal = {Transactions of the American Fisheries Society},
  volume = {143},
  doi = {10.1080/00028487.2013.825641}
}

@article{mazany-wright_etal2021BulkleyRiver,
  title = {Bulkley {{River Watershed}} ({{Laxyip}} | {{Wedzin Kwah}})},
  author = {Mazany-Wright, Nick and Norris, Simon M and Noseworthy, Joshua and Rebellato, Betty and Sra, Sarah and Lapointe, Nicolas W R},
  date = {2021},
  pages = {46},
  url = {https://cwf-fcf.org/en/resources/research-papers/Bulkley_WCRP_10-08-2021.pdf},
  langid = {english}
}

@report{mcelhanney2022KitsumkalumRiver,
  title = {Kitsumkalum {{River Flood Mitigation Plan}}},
  author = {{McElhanney}},
  date = {2022},
  url = {https://www.terrace.ca/sites/default/files/docs/Kitsumkalum%20River%20Flood%20Mitigation%20Plan_no%20appendices.pdf},
  urldate = {2024-04-15},
  file = {/Users/airvine/Zotero/storage/RMRB5VPD/Kitsumkalum River Flood Mitigation Plan_no appendices.pdf}
}

@misc{moe2011Fieldassessment,
  title = {Field Assessment for Determining Fish Passage Status of Closed Bottom Structures},
  author = {{MoE}},
  date = {2011},
  url = {https://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/environment/natural-resource-stewardship/land-based-investment/forests-for-tomorrow/field-assessment-for-determining-fish-passage-status-of-cbs.pdf},
  urldate = {2020-11-25},
  organization = {BC Ministry of Environment (MoE)}
}

@online{moe2021PSCISAssessments,
  title = {{{PSCIS Assessments}} - {{Data Catalogue}}},
  author = {{MoE}},
  date = {2021},
  url = {https://catalogue.data.gov.bc.ca/dataset/pscis-assessments},
  urldate = {2021-02-24},
  abstract = {Points where a fish passage assessment has been performed on a stream crossing structure. These includes culverts, bridges, fords, etc. The assessments are carried out to determine whether fish are able to migrate through the structure.},
  howpublished = {Ministry of Environment and Climate Change Strategy - Knowledge Management (MoE)},
  langid = {english}
}

@online{moe2024ForestTenure,
  title = {Forest {{Tenure Road Section Lines}} - {{Data Catalogue}}},
  author = {{MoE}},
  date = {2024},
  url = {https://catalogue.data.gov.bc.ca/dataset/forest-tenure-road-section-lines},
  urldate = {2020-12-19},
  abstract = {This is a spatial layer that reflects operational activities for road sections contained within a road permit.  The Forest Tenures Section (FTS) is responsible for the creation and maintenance of digital Forest Atlas files for the province of British Columbia encompassing Forest and Range Act Tenures.  It also supports the forest resources programs delivered by MoFR},
  howpublished = {Ministry of Environment - Knowledge Management},
  langid = {english}
}

@online{moe2024KnownBC,
  title = {Known {{BC Fish Observations}} and {{BC Fish Distributions}}},
  author = {{MoE}},
  date = {2024},
  url = {https://catalogue.data.gov.bc.ca/dataset/known-bc-fish-observations-and-bc-fish-distributions},
  urldate = {2023-01-12},
  annotation = {Ministry of Environment - Knowledge Management}
}

@online{moe2024ProvincialObstacles,
  title = {Provincial {{Obstacles}} to {{Fish Passage}} - {{Data Catalogue}}},
  author = {{MoE}},
  date = {2024},
  url = {https://catalogue.data.gov.bc.ca/dataset/provincial-obstacles-to-fish-passage},
  urldate = {2020-05-23},
  abstract = {The Provincial Obstacles to Fish Passage theme presents records of all known obstacles to fish passage from several fisheries datasets. Records from the following datasets have been included: The Fisheries Information Summary System (FISS); the Fish Habitat Inventory and Information Program (FHIIP); the Field Data Information System (FDIS) and the Resource Analysis Branch (RAB) inventory studies. The main intent of this layer is to have a single layer of all known obstacles to fish passage. It is important to note that not all waterbodies have been studied and, not all lengths of many waterbodies have been studied so there are a very high number of obstacles in the real world that are not recorded in this dataset. This layer simply reports the obstacles to fish that are known.  It is also very important to note that we are acknowledging these features as obstacles to fish passage versus barriers to fish passage.  This is because an obstacle may be a barrier at one time of year but not at other times depending on the volume of water present and also, what is a barrier to one species of fish is not necessarily a barrier to another species.},
  langid = {english}
}

@online{moe2024StreamInventory,
  title = {Stream {{Inventory Sample Sites}}},
  author = {{MoE}},
  date = {2024},
  url = {https://catalogue.data.gov.bc.ca/dataset/stream-inventory-sample-sites},
  urldate = {2024-06-13},
  abstract = {This spatial layer displays stream inventory sample sites that have had full or partial surveys, and contains measurements or indicator information of the data collected at each survey site on each date.},
  howpublished = {Ministry of Environment and Climate Change Strategy - Knowledge Management},
  langid = {english}
}

@misc{moeStreamInventorySample,
  title = {Stream {{Inventory Sample Sites}}},
  author = {{MoE}},
  date = {2019},
  url = {https://catalogue.data.gov.bc.ca/dataset/stream-inventory-sample-sites},
  abstract = {This spatial layer displays stream inventory sample sites that have had full or partial surveys, and contains measurements or indicator information of the data collected at each survey site on each date.},
  howpublished = {Ministry of Environment and Climate Change Strategy - Knowledge Management},
  langid = {english}
}

@software{norris2021smnorrisbcfishpass,
  title = {Smnorris/{{Bcfishpass}}},
  author = {Norris, Simon},
  date = {2021-02-26T23:33:17Z},
  origdate = {2020-11-07T01:26:03Z},
  url = {https://github.com/smnorris/bcfishpass},
  urldate = {2021-02-28},
  abstract = {Scripts to prioritize assessment/remediation of potential barriers to fish passage, based primarily on stream gradient.},
  keywords = {bridges,british-columbia,dams,digital-road-atlas,dra,fish-observation,fish-passage,fwa,gradient-barriers,pscis,roads,stream-network,waterfalls}
}

@software{norris2024smnorrisbcfishobs,
  title = {Smnorris/Bcfishobs},
  author = {Norris, Simon},
  date = {2024},
  origdate = {2018-05-11T18:00:01Z},
  url = {https://github.com/smnorris/bcfishobs},
  urldate = {2021-02-28},
  abstract = {Reference BC Known Fish Observations to the Freshwater Atlas stream network},
  keywords = {british-columbia,fish-observations,fish-obstacles,fiss,fwa,stream-network}
}

@misc{officeofthewetsuweten2013Wetsuwet,
  title = {Wet’suwet’en {{Title}} and {{Rights Regarding Canada Department}} of {{Fisheries}} \& {{Oceans And Pacific Trails Pipeline}}.},
  author = {{Office of the Wet'suwet'en}},
  date = {2013},
  url = {http://www.wetsuweten.com/files/PTP_FHCP_Response_to_DFO-25Nov13-Final.pdf},
  urldate = {2024-02-18},
  file = {/Users/airvine/Zotero/storage/9FAFD28T/office_of_the_wet'suwet'en_2013_wet’suwet’en_title_and_rights_regarding_canada_department_of_fisheries_&_oceans.pdf}
}

@online{OfficeWetsuwet2021,
  title = {Office of the {{Wet}}'suwet'en},
  date = {2021},
  url = {http://www.wetsuweten.com/},
  urldate = {2024-02-18},
  file = {/Users/airvine/Zotero/storage/PZS4WXNU/www.wetsuweten.com.html}
}

@report{oliver2018Analysiswater,
  title = {Analysis of Water Quality Monitoring in the {{Morice Water Management Area}}},
  author = {Oliver, Allison},
  date = {2018},
  url = {https://data.skeenasalmon.info/dataset/analysis-of-water-quality-monitoring-in-the-morice-water-management-area/resource/17125deb-57c3-4a91-b64c-377735bc2c32},
  urldate = {2020-06-21}
}

@report{porter_etal2008DevelopingFish,
  title = {Developing {{Fish Habitat Models}} for {{Broad-Scale Forest Planning}} in the {{Southern Interior}} of {{B}}.{{C}}.},
  author = {Porter, Marc and Pickard, Darcy and Wieckowski, Katherine and Bryan, Katy},
  date = {2008},
  pages = {92},
  institution = {{ESSA Technologies Ltd.  and B.C. Ministry of the Environment (MOE) for B.C. Forest Science Program}},
  url = {https://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/library/FIA/2008/FSP_Y081231.pdf},
  urldate = {2020-06-16}
}

@online{powell_etal2018Gitxsan,
  title = {Gitxsan},
  author = {Powell, J.V. and Jensen, Vickie D. and Pedersen, Anne-Marie},
  date = {2018},
  url = {https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/gitksan},
  urldate = {2022-12-14},
  organization = {The Canadian Encyclopedia},
  keywords = {mateo},
  file = {/Users/airvine/Zotero/storage/VF5LDC89/gitksan.html}
}

@online{ProvincialObstaclesFish,
  title = {Provincial {{Obstacles}} to {{Fish Passage}} - {{Data Catalogue}}},
  author = {{MoE}},
  date = {2020},
  url = {https://catalogue.data.gov.bc.ca/dataset/provincial-obstacles-to-fish-passage},
  urldate = {2020-05-23},
  howpublished = {Ministry of Environment and Climate Change Strategy - Knowledge Management},
  langid = {english}
}

@manual{rcoreteam2022languageenvironment,
  type = {manual},
  title = {R: {{A}} Language and Environment for Statistical Computing},
  author = {{R Core Team}},
  date = {2022},
  publisher = {R Foundation for Statistical Computing},
  location = {Vienna, Austria},
  url = {https://www.R-project.org/}
}

@article{roberge_etal2002LifeHistory,
  ids = {roberge_etalLifeHistorya},
  title = {Life {{History Characteristics}} of {{Freshwater Fishes Occurring}} in {{British Columbia}} and the {{Yukon}}, with {{Major Emphasis}} on {{Stream Habitat Characteristics}}},
  author = {Roberge, M and Hume, J M B and Minns, C K and Slaney, T},
  date = {2002},
  pages = {262},
  abstract = {Roberge, M., J.M.B. Hume, C.K. Minns, and T. Slaney. 2002. Life history characteristics of freshwater fishes occurring in British Columbia and the Yukon, with major emphasis on stream habitat characteristics. Can. Manuscr. Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 2611: xiv + 248 p.},
  langid = {english},
  file = {/Users/airvine/Zotero/storage/C3643Y4I/roberge_et_al_2002_life_history_characteristics_of_freshwater_fishes_occurring_in_british_columbia.pdf}
}

@article{rosenfeld_etal2000Habitatfactors,
  ids = {rosenfeld_etal2000Habitatfactorsb},
  title = {Habitat Factors Affecting the Abundance and Distribution of Juvenile Cutthroat Trout ({{Oncorhynchus}} Clarki) and Coho Salmon ({{Oncorhynchus}} Kisutch)},
  author = {Rosenfeld, Jordan and Porter, Marc and Parkinson, Eric},
  date = {2000},
  volume = {57},
  pages = {9},
  abstract = {The distribution, abundance, and habitat associations of juvenile anadromous coastal cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki) and coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) were evaluated using survey data from 119 sites in coastal British Columbia. Both cutthroat and coho occurred at their highest densities in very small streams ({$<$} 5 m channel width), and bankfull channel width was the single best predictor of cutthroat presence (p = 0.0001) and density (R 2 = 0.55). Within a channel, densities of coho and larger (yearling and older) cutthroat parr were highest in pools, while densities of young-of-the-year cutthroat were significantly lower in pools and highest in shallower habitats. Abundance of larger cutthroat parr and pool habitat were positively correlated with large woody debris (LWD) within a subset of intermediate-gradient gravel–cobble streams, where pools appear to be limiting to larger cutthroat parr abundance. More than 50\% of pools were formed by scour associated with LWD in streams ranging from 1.2 to 11 m channel width, and pools formed by LWD scour were on average 10\% deeper than pools formed by other mechanisms. Disproportionate use of small streams by cutthroat indicates that protection of small stream habitat is important for long-term conservation of sea-run populations.},
  langid = {english},
  file = {/Users/airvine/Zotero/storage/EP3EXP7M/rosenfeld_et_al_2000_habitat_factors_affecting_the_abundance_and_distribution_of_juvenile_cutthroat.pdf}
}

@misc{schell2003BriefOverview,
  title = {A {{Brief Overview}} of {{Fish}}, {{Fisheries}} and {{Aquatic Habitat Resources}} in the {{Morice TSA}}},
  author = {Schell, Chris},
  date = {2003},
  url = {https://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/library/ffip/Schell_C2003.pdf},
  langid = {english},
  organization = {Morice Land and Resource Management Plan}
}

@article{shaw_etal2016Importancepartial,
  title = {Importance of Partial Barriers and Temporal Variation in Flow When Modelling Connectivity in Fragmented River Systems},
  author = {Shaw, Edward A. and Lange, Eckart and Shucksmith, James D. and Lerner, David N.},
  date = {2016},
  journaltitle = {Ecological Engineering},
  shortjournal = {Ecological Engineering},
  volume = {91},
  pages = {515--528},
  issn = {09258574},
  doi = {10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.01.030},
  url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0925857416300301},
  urldate = {2020-12-23},
  langid = {english}
}

@book{slaneyFishHabitatRehabilitation1997,
  title = {Fish Habitat Rehabilitation Procedures},
  author = {Slaney, P. A and Zaldokas, Daiva O and {Watershed Restoration Program (B.C.)}},
  date = {1997},
  publisher = {Watershed Restoration Program},
  location = {Vancouver, B.C.},
  url = {https://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/library/FFIP/Slaney_PA1997_A.pdf},
  urldate = {2020-11-24},
  abstract = {The fish habitat restoration procedures presented in this guide provide the technical basis for a suite of integrated restorative measures to accelerate natural recovery processes in forested watersheds impacted by past practices that would otherwise require decades to recover naturally. An introductory section contains chapters on planning fish habitat rehabilitation, watershed geomorphology and fish habitat, salmonid biostandards for estimating production benefits of rehabilitation techniques, and screening criteria for restoration projects. Sections on the application of rehabilitation techniques cover such topics as fish access and spawning sites, stream banks, off-channel habitat, using large woody debris, log-jam habitats, juvenile salmonid habitat, mainstem holding and rearing habitat, nutrient replacement, habitats in channelized or uniform streams, augmenting streamflows, and managing beaver habitat for salmonids. Includes glossary.},
  isbn = {978-0-7726-3320-0},
  langid = {english}
}

@article{sloat_etal2017Streamnetwork,
  title = {Stream Network Geomorphology Mediates Predicted Vulnerability of Anadromous Fish Habitat to Hydrologic Change in Southeast {{Alaska}}},
  author = {Sloat, Matthew R. and Reeves, Gordon H. and Christiansen, Kelly R.},
  date = {2017-02},
  journaltitle = {Global Change Biology},
  shortjournal = {Glob Change Biol},
  volume = {23},
  number = {2},
  pages = {604--620},
  issn = {13541013},
  doi = {10.1111/gcb.13466},
  url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/gcb.13466},
  urldate = {2021-03-03},
  abstract = {In rivers supporting Pacific salmon in southeast Alaska, USA, regional trends toward a warmer, wetter climate are predicted to increase mid- and late-21st-century mean annual flood size by 17\% and 28\%, respectively. Increased flood size could alter stream habitats used by Pacific salmon for reproduction, with negative consequences for the substantial economic, cultural, and ecosystem services these fish provide. We combined field measurements and model simulations to estimate the potential influence of future flood disturbance on geomorphic processes controlling the quality and extent of coho, chum, and pink salmon spawning habitat in over 800 southeast Alaska watersheds. Spawning habitat responses varied widely across watersheds and among salmon species. Little variation among watersheds in potential spawning habitat change was explained by predicted increases in mean annual flood size. Watershed response diversity was mediated primarily by topographic controls on stream channel confinement, reach-scale geomorphic associations with spawning habitat preferences, and complexity in the pace and mode of geomorphic channel responses to altered flood size. Potential spawning habitat loss was highest for coho salmon, which spawn over a wide range of geomorphic settings, including steeper, confined stream reaches that are more susceptible to streambed scour during high flows. We estimated that 9–10\% and 13–16\% of the spawning habitat for coho salmon could be lost by the 2040s and 2080s, respectively, with losses occurring primarily in confined, higher-gradient streams that provide only moderate-quality habitat. Estimated effects were lower for pink and chum salmon, which primarily spawn in unconfined floodplain streams. Our results illustrate the importance of accounting for valley and reach-scale geomorphic features in watershed assessments of climate vulnerability, especially in topographically complex regions. Failure to consider the geomorphic context of stream networks will hamper efforts to understand and mitigate the vulnerability of anadromous fish habitat to climate-induced hydrologic change.},
  langid = {english},
  file = {/Users/airvine/Zotero/storage/W8HLSVEI/Sloat et al. - 2017 - Stream network geomorphology mediates predicted vu.pdf}
}

@report{stokes1956UpperBulkley,
  title = {Upper {{Bulkley River Survey}} 1956},
  author = {Stokes, J},
  date = {1956},
  url = {https://data.skeenasalmon.info/dataset/6d9cc7a6-683e-4de5-879e-77b592882a35/resource/9ff7c750-1a1d-40b3-9ee1-6bbb46bdf38e/download/dfo-ubulkley-hab-survey-1956.pdf},
  urldate = {2022-04-12}
}

@article{swalesRoleOffChannelPonds1989,
  title = {Role of {{Off-Channel Ponds}} in the {{Life Cycle}} of {{Coho Salmon}} ( {{Oncorhynchus}} Kisutch ) and {{Other Juvenile Salmonids}} in the {{Coldwater River}}, {{British Columbia}}},
  author = {Swales, Stephen and Levings, C.},
  date = {1989},
  journaltitle = {Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences - CAN J FISHERIES AQUAT SCI},
  shortjournal = {Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences - CAN J FISHERIES AQUAT SCI},
  volume = {46},
  pages = {232--242},
  doi = {10.1139/f89-032},
  url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/249530897_Role_of_Off-Channel_Ponds_in_the_Life_Cycle_of_Coho_Salmon_Oncorhynchus_kisutch_and_Other_Juvenile_Salmonids_in_the_Coldwater_River_British_Columbia},
  abstract = {Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, steelhead trout Salmo gairdneri and Dolly Varden char Salvelinus malma were generally scarce in the ponds, although they were numerous in the main river. Coho salmon were predominant at "natural' river sites while steelhead trout was the main species at sites with "rip-rap' bank stabilization. Catches of juvenile coho were much much lower in the main river than in the ponds where they were the main species, and were more variable in the river. Population density and biomass estimates of juvenile coho in the ponds ranged from 0.100 fish.m-2 and 1.00 g.m-2 to 1.00 fish.m-2 and 5.15 g.m-2, compared with density estimates of 0.08-0.23 fish.m-2 in the river. The coho population in the ponds consisted of 0+ and 1+ age-groups in similar proportions; in the main river the 0+ age-group was much more abundant. Growth rate of coho in the ponds was faster than in the main river, with pond fish reaching mean lengths of 62-79 mm at the end of the 1st growing season, compared with 53 mm in the main river. Smolt outmigration from the main study pond occurred in late spring with peak outmigration in May and June coinciding with peak river discharge and increasing water temperatures in the main river and pond. -from Authors}
}

@article{tamblyn2005PlanConserve,
  title = {A {{Plan}} to {{Conserve}} and {{Protect Morice Watershed Fish Populations}}},
  author = {Tamblyn, Gregory C},
  date = {2005},
  pages = {78},
  langid = {english},
  file = {/Users/airvine/Zotero/storage/7SEY62KW/tamblyn_2005_a_plan_to_conserve_and_protect_morice_watershed_fish_populations.pdf}
}

@article{thompsonAssessingFishPassage2013,
  ids = {thompsonAssessingFishPassagea,thompsonAssessingFishPassageb},
  title = {Assessing {{Fish Passage}} at {{Culverts}} €“ the Method, Its Metrics and Preliminary Findings from over 4,000 Assessments.},
  author = {Thompson, Richard},
  date = {2013},
  url = {https://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/environment/plants-animals-and-ecosystems/fish-fish-habitat/fish-passage/assessing_fish_passage_at_culverts.pdf},
  urldate = {2020-11-24}
}

@online{viveiros2011FishPassage,
  title = {Fish {{Passage Evaluations}} for {{Closed Bottom Structures}} in the {{Copper Zymoetz River Watershed FIA}}\# 4031505},
  author = {Viveiros, Mike},
  date = {2011},
  url = {https://a100.gov.bc.ca/pub/acat/documents/r24163/Project4031505FinalReport_1328651657063_cd1871ebf148450325f94a1b78f1e818bb2442f0fe147ad8b85b30afc9db5569.pdf},
  urldate = {2022-07-13},
  file = {/Users/airvine/Zotero/storage/S5PVZRN7/viveiros_2011_fish_passage_evaluations_for_closed_bottom_structures_in_the_copper_zymoetz.pdf;/Users/airvine/Zotero/storage/T8KY5EZC/4031505_Maps_1328651746143_cd1871ebf148450325f94a1b78f1e818bb2442f0fe147ad8b85b30afc9db5569.zip}
}

@article{wang_etal2012ClimateWNAHighResolution,
  title = {{{ClimateWNA}}—{{High-Resolution Spatial Climate Data}} for {{Western North America}}},
  author = {Wang, Tongli and Hamann, Andreas and Spittlehouse, D. and Murdock, Trevor},
  date = {2012-01-01},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology},
  shortjournal = {Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology},
  volume = {51},
  pages = {16--29},
  doi = {10.1175/JAMC-D-11-043.1},
  abstract = {This study addresses the need to provide comprehensive historical climate data and climate change projections at a scale suitable for, and readily accessible to, researchers and resource managers. This database for western North America (WNA) includes over 20 000 surfaces of monthly, seasonal, and annual climate variables from 1901 to 2009; several climate normal periods; and multimodel climate projections for the 2020s, 2050s, and 2080s. A software package, ClimateWNA, allows users to access the database and query point locations, obtain time series, or generate custom climate surfaces at any resolution. The software uses partial derivative functions of temperature change along elevation gradients to improve medium-resolution baseline climate estimates and calculates biologically relevant climate variables such as growing degree-days, number of frost-free days, extreme temperatures, and dryness indices. Historical and projected future climates are obtained by using monthly temperature and precipitation anomalies to adjust the interpolated baseline data for the location of interest. All algorithms used in the software package are described and evaluated against observations from weather stations across WNA. The downscaling algorithms substantially improve the accuracy of temperature variables over the medium-resolution baseline climate surfaces. Climate variables that are usually calculated from daily data are estimated from monthly climate variables with high statistical accuracy.},
  file = {/Users/airvine/Zotero/storage/TXIAA2NG/wang_et_al_2012_climatewna—high-resolution_spatial_climate_data_for_western_north_america.pdf}
}

@misc{washingtondepartmentoffishwildlife2009FishPassage,
  title = {Fish {{Passage Barrier}} and {{Surface Water Diversion Screening Assessment}} and {{Prioritization Manual}}},
  author = {{Washington Department of Fish \& Wildlife}},
  date = {2009},
  url = {https://wdfw.wa.gov/sites/default/files/publications/00061/wdfw00061.pdf},
  urldate = {2021-02-13},
  organization = {Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. Olympia, Washington.}
}

@article{wilson_rabnett2007FishPassage,
  title = {Fish {{Passage Assessment}} of {{Highway}} 16 and {{CN Rail}} in the {{Bulkley Watershed}}},
  author = {Wilson, Tim and Rabnett, Ken},
  date = {2007},
  pages = {124},
  url = {https://data.skeenasalmon.info/dataset/fish-passage-assessment-highway-16-cn-rail-bulkley},
  urldate = {2020-11-22},
  abstract = {This Bulkley fish passage assessment is part of a larger regional effort to improve fish passage limited by highways and secondary roads throughout the Skeena Basin. The purpose of this report is to present background information and survey results for fish passage assessments conducted at stream crossings of Highway \#16 and CN Rail in the Bulkley Watershed. In 2006, Skeena Fisheries Commission was retained by the Pacific Salmon Commission to conduct a Fish Passage and Culvert Inspection (FPCI) on all non-bridged Highway \#16 and CN Rail stream crossings distinguished with fish presence throughout the Bulkley Watershed.},
  langid = {english},
  file = {/Users/airvine/Zotero/storage/8SUN8SYA/wilson_rabnett_2007_fish_passage_assessment_of_highway_16_and_cn_rail_in_the_bulkley_watershed.pdf}
}

@misc{woll_etal2017SalmonEcological,
  title = {Salmon {{Ecological Systems}}},
  author = {Woll, Christine and Albert, David and Whited, Diane},
  date = {2017},
  url = {https://www.conservationgateway.org/ConservationByGeography/NorthAmerica/UnitedStates/alaska/sw/cpa/Documents/TNC_A_Salmon_Ecological_Systems_Model_Nushagak_Kvichak.pdf},
  langid = {english},
  organization = {The Nature Conservancy}
}

@software{yihui2024rstudiobookdown,
  title = {Rstudio/Bookdown},
  author = {Yihui, Xie},
  date = {2024-05-29T00:51:17Z},
  origdate = {2015-10-28T05:03:18Z},
  url = {https://github.com/rstudio/bookdown},
  urldate = {2024-05-29},
  abstract = {Authoring Books and Technical Documents with R Markdown},
  organization = {RStudio},
  keywords = {book,bookdown,epub,gitbook,html,latex,rmarkdown}
}