Jupyter notebook is included in the Anaconda python package. To make things easier for all of us, you will install Anaconda.
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Open a browser.
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go to this link:
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click the green download button that is under the text "Python 3.6 version"
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click "No thanks" when it asks you to sign up for a newsletter (you may of course say yes if you choose, but this is not required)
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wait for it to download
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once the download is done, open a terminal and cd into the directory it was downloaded to, most likely 'Downloads'. Use ls to ensure that you have a file named Anaconda3-5.0.1-Linux-x86_64.sh in that directory.
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type in
source Anaconda3-5.0.1-Linux-x86_64.sh
and hit enter.
Note: for some people it will complain and not proceed. If so, try doing
bash Anaconda3-5.0.1-Linux-x86_64.sh
instead.
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You will be asked to review a license agreement. You use the space bar to go through it. When you get to the end, accept the agreement by typing in "yes".
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You will now be asked for an installation location. Accept what it suggest by pressing enter.
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A lot of text prepended by the word 'installing:' will now scroll across your screen. This is ok, just wait for it to finish.
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At the end, it will ask ifyou want to let the installer prepend something to your path. The default is no, you should however write 'yes' and press enter.