diff --git a/backend/build.py b/backend/build.py
index 951c496753..73c8ddd2b0 100644
--- a/backend/build.py
+++ b/backend/build.py
@@ -3,11 +3,8 @@
 import os
 import pathlib
 import shutil
-import signal
 import subprocess
 import sys
-from contextlib import contextmanager
-from typing import Optional
 
 
 class BuildError(Exception):
@@ -50,7 +47,7 @@ def copy_directory(src, dst, description):
             shutil.rmtree(dst)
         raise
     except Exception as e:
-        raise BuildError(f"Failed to copy {src} to {dst}: {str(e)}")
+        raise BuildError(f"Failed to copy {src} to {dst}: {e!s}")
 
 
 def copy_frontend(project_root):
@@ -94,10 +91,10 @@ def build():
         print("\nBuild interrupted by user")
         sys.exit(1)
     except BuildError as e:
-        print(f"\nBuild failed: {str(e)}")
+        print(f"\nBuild failed: {e!s}")
         sys.exit(1)
     except Exception as e:
-        print(f"\nUnexpected error: {str(e)}")
+        print(f"\nUnexpected error: {e!s}")
         sys.exit(1)
 
 
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/__init__.py b/backend/chainlit/__init__.py
index 37ae77594a..496afb1087 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/__init__.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/__init__.py
@@ -134,6 +134,7 @@ def acall(self):
     "Image",
     "Text",
     "Component",
+    "Dataframe",
     "Pyplot",
     "File",
     "Task",
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/action.py b/backend/chainlit/action.py
index 088523da37..200bbf9c30 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/action.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/action.py
@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 import uuid
 from typing import Optional
 
-from chainlit.context import context
-from chainlit.telemetry import trace_event
 from dataclasses_json import DataClassJsonMixin
 from pydantic.dataclasses import Field, dataclass
 
+from chainlit.context import context
+from chainlit.telemetry import trace_event
+
 
 @dataclass
 class Action(DataClassJsonMixin):
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/auth.py b/backend/chainlit/auth.py
index 8ee0943f84..f45bb53b49 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/auth.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/auth.py
@@ -3,12 +3,13 @@
 from typing import Any, Dict
 
 import jwt
+from fastapi import Depends, HTTPException
+from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer
+
 from chainlit.config import config
 from chainlit.data import get_data_layer
 from chainlit.oauth_providers import get_configured_oauth_providers
 from chainlit.user import User
-from fastapi import Depends, HTTPException
-from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer
 
 reuseable_oauth = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="/login", auto_error=False)
 
@@ -52,9 +53,8 @@ def create_jwt(data: User) -> str:
     to_encode: Dict[str, Any] = data.to_dict()
     to_encode.update(
         {
-            "exp": datetime.utcnow() + timedelta(
-                seconds=config.project.user_session_timeout
-            ),
+            "exp": datetime.utcnow()
+            + timedelta(seconds=config.project.user_session_timeout),
         }
     )
     encoded_jwt = jwt.encode(to_encode, get_jwt_secret(), algorithm="HS256")
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/chat_context.py b/backend/chainlit/chat_context.py
index 5f7215ba56..81bf66b3d2 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/chat_context.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/chat_context.py
@@ -25,10 +25,10 @@ def add(self, message: "Message"):
 
         if context.session.id not in chat_contexts:
             chat_contexts[context.session.id] = []
-            
+
         if message not in chat_contexts[context.session.id]:
             chat_contexts[context.session.id].append(message)
-        
+
         return message
 
     def remove(self, message: "Message") -> bool:
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/chat_settings.py b/backend/chainlit/chat_settings.py
index d6df3bd28a..f29e40812b 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/chat_settings.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/chat_settings.py
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 from typing import List
 
+from pydantic.dataclasses import Field, dataclass
+
 from chainlit.context import context
 from chainlit.input_widget import InputWidget
-from pydantic.dataclasses import Field, dataclass
 
 
 @dataclass
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/config.py b/backend/chainlit/config.py
index d59da1bca1..5a0d2c4178 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/config.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/config.py
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ def init_config(log=False):
             dst = os.path.join(config_translation_dir, file)
             if not os.path.exists(dst):
                 src = os.path.join(TRANSLATIONS_DIR, file)
-                with open(src, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+                with open(src, encoding="utf-8") as f:
                     translation = json.load(f)
                     with open(dst, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
                         json.dump(translation, f, indent=4)
@@ -515,7 +515,7 @@ def load_config():
 def lint_translations():
     # Load the ground truth (en-US.json file from chainlit source code)
     src = os.path.join(TRANSLATIONS_DIR, "en-US.json")
-    with open(src, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+    with open(src, encoding="utf-8") as f:
         truth = json.load(f)
 
         # Find the local app translations
@@ -523,7 +523,7 @@ def lint_translations():
             if file.endswith(".json"):
                 # Load the translation file
                 to_lint = os.path.join(config_translation_dir, file)
-                with open(to_lint, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+                with open(to_lint, encoding="utf-8") as f:
                     translation = json.load(f)
 
                     # Lint the translation file
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/context.py b/backend/chainlit/context.py
index 9c8d653052..42333d091d 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/context.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/context.py
@@ -3,9 +3,10 @@
 from contextvars import ContextVar
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Dict, List, Optional, Union
 
-from chainlit.session import ClientType, HTTPSession, WebsocketSession
 from lazify import LazyProxy
 
+from chainlit.session import ClientType, HTTPSession, WebsocketSession
+
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from chainlit.emitter import BaseChainlitEmitter
     from chainlit.step import Step
@@ -104,7 +105,7 @@ def get_context() -> ChainlitContext:
     try:
         return context_var.get()
     except LookupError as e:
-        raise ChainlitContextException() from e
+        raise ChainlitContextException from e
 
 
 context: ChainlitContext = LazyProxy(get_context, enable_cache=False)
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/data/acl.py b/backend/chainlit/data/acl.py
index 65c040170a..60e45ac97f 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/data/acl.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/data/acl.py
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
-from chainlit.data import get_data_layer
 from fastapi import HTTPException
 
+from chainlit.data import get_data_layer
+
 
 async def is_thread_author(username: str, thread_id: str):
     data_layer = get_data_layer()
@@ -8,7 +9,7 @@ async def is_thread_author(username: str, thread_id: str):
         raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Data layer not initialized")
 
     thread_author = await data_layer.get_thread_author(thread_id)
-    
+
     if not thread_author:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Thread not found")
 
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/data/base.py b/backend/chainlit/data/base.py
index d0df7187cd..2e268f3863 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/data/base.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/data/base.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Dict, List, Optional, Union
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Dict, List, Optional
 
 from chainlit.types import (
     Feedback,
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/data/dynamodb.py b/backend/chainlit/data/dynamodb.py
index e067378b0e..c04f1c9883 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/data/dynamodb.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/data/dynamodb.py
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 import aiohttp
 import boto3  # type: ignore
 from boto3.dynamodb.types import TypeDeserializer, TypeSerializer
+
 from chainlit.context import context
 from chainlit.data.base import BaseDataLayer
 from chainlit.data.storage_clients.base import BaseStorageClient
@@ -29,9 +30,10 @@
 from chainlit.user import PersistedUser, User
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from chainlit.element import Element
     from mypy_boto3_dynamodb import DynamoDBClient
 
+    from chainlit.element import Element
+
 
 _logger = logger.getChild("DynamoDB")
 _logger.setLevel(logging.WARNING)
@@ -402,7 +404,7 @@ async def delete_thread(self, thread_id: str):
 
         BATCH_ITEM_SIZE = 25  # pylint: disable=invalid-name
         for i in range(0, len(delete_requests), BATCH_ITEM_SIZE):
-            chunk = delete_requests[i : i + BATCH_ITEM_SIZE]  # noqa: E203
+            chunk = delete_requests[i : i + BATCH_ITEM_SIZE]
             response = self.client.batch_write_item(
                 RequestItems={
                     self.table_name: chunk,  # type: ignore
@@ -410,7 +412,7 @@ async def delete_thread(self, thread_id: str):
             )
 
             backoff_time = 1
-            while "UnprocessedItems" in response and response["UnprocessedItems"]:
+            while response.get("UnprocessedItems"):
                 backoff_time *= 2
                 # Cap the backoff time at 32 seconds & add jitter
                 delay = min(backoff_time, 32) + random.uniform(0, 1)
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/data/literalai.py b/backend/chainlit/data/literalai.py
index 7b2e39fbed..340fbdb5f9 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/data/literalai.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/data/literalai.py
@@ -349,11 +349,9 @@ async def delete_element(self, element_id: str, thread_id: Optional[str] = None)
     async def create_step(self, step_dict: "StepDict"):
         metadata = dict(
             step_dict.get("metadata", {}),
-            **{
-                "waitForAnswer": step_dict.get("waitForAnswer"),
-                "language": step_dict.get("language"),
-                "showInput": step_dict.get("showInput"),
-            },
+            waitForAnswer=step_dict.get("waitForAnswer"),
+            language=step_dict.get("language"),
+            showInput=step_dict.get("showInput"),
         )
 
         step: LiteralStepDict = {
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/data/sql_alchemy.py b/backend/chainlit/data/sql_alchemy.py
index bb43ef7c16..5a694b081f 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/data/sql_alchemy.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/data/sql_alchemy.py
@@ -7,6 +7,11 @@
 
 import aiofiles
 import aiohttp
+from sqlalchemy import text
+from sqlalchemy.exc import SQLAlchemyError
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncEngine, AsyncSession, create_async_engine
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
+
 from chainlit.data.base import BaseDataLayer
 from chainlit.data.storage_clients.base import BaseStorageClient
 from chainlit.data.utils import queue_until_user_message
@@ -23,10 +28,6 @@
     ThreadFilter,
 )
 from chainlit.user import PersistedUser, User
-from sqlalchemy import text
-from sqlalchemy.exc import SQLAlchemyError
-from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncEngine, AsyncSession, create_async_engine
-from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from chainlit.element import Element, ElementDict
@@ -167,7 +168,7 @@ async def _get_user_id_by_thread(self, thread_id: str) -> Optional[str]:
     async def create_user(self, user: User) -> Optional[PersistedUser]:
         if self.show_logger:
             logger.info(f"SQLAlchemy: create_user, user_identifier={user.identifier}")
-        existing_user: Optional["PersistedUser"] = await self.get_user(user.identifier)
+        existing_user: Optional[PersistedUser] = await self.get_user(user.identifier)
         user_dict: Dict[str, Any] = {
             "identifier": str(user.identifier),
             "metadata": json.dumps(user.metadata) or {},
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/data/storage_clients/azure.py b/backend/chainlit/data/storage_clients/azure.py
index fac2164e8a..d6a075d7e0 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/data/storage_clients/azure.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/data/storage_clients/azure.py
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
     DataLakeServiceClient,
     FileSystemClient,
 )
+
 from chainlit.data.storage_clients.base import BaseStorageClient
 from chainlit.logger import logger
 
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/data/storage_clients/s3.py b/backend/chainlit/data/storage_clients/s3.py
index 4cfd6923c6..e982db07a7 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/data/storage_clients/s3.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/data/storage_clients/s3.py
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 from typing import Any, Dict, Union
 
 import boto3  # type: ignore
+
 from chainlit.data.storage_clients.base import BaseStorageClient
 from chainlit.logger import logger
 
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/discord/app.py b/backend/chainlit/discord/app.py
index 4bee63628f..bf1732fcf8 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/discord/app.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/discord/app.py
@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@
 import discord
 import filetype
 import httpx
+from discord.ui import Button, View
+
 from chainlit.config import config
 from chainlit.context import ChainlitContext, HTTPSession, context, context_var
 from chainlit.data import get_data_layer
@@ -23,7 +25,6 @@
 from chainlit.types import Feedback
 from chainlit.user import PersistedUser, User
 from chainlit.user_session import user_session
-from discord.ui import Button, View
 
 
 class FeedbackView(View):
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/element.py b/backend/chainlit/element.py
index 4c26464a59..3012af7b4a 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/element.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/element.py
@@ -16,13 +16,14 @@
 )
 
 import filetype
+from pydantic.dataclasses import Field, dataclass
+from syncer import asyncio
+
 from chainlit.context import context
 from chainlit.data import get_data_layer
 from chainlit.logger import logger
 from chainlit.telemetry import trace_event
 from chainlit.types import FileDict
-from pydantic.dataclasses import Field, dataclass
-from syncer import asyncio
 
 mime_types = {
     "text": "text/plain",
@@ -154,7 +155,7 @@ async def _create(self) -> bool:
             try:
                 asyncio.create_task(data_layer.create_element(self))
             except Exception as e:
-                logger.error(f"Failed to create element: {str(e)}")
+                logger.error(f"Failed to create element: {e!s}")
         if not self.url and (not self.chainlit_key or self.updatable):
             file_dict = await context.session.persist_file(
                 name=self.name,
@@ -352,8 +353,7 @@ class Plotly(Element):
     content: str = ""
 
     def __post_init__(self) -> None:
-        from plotly import graph_objects as go
-        from plotly import io as pio
+        from plotly import graph_objects as go, io as pio
 
         if not isinstance(self.figure, go.Figure):
             raise TypeError("figure must be a plotly.graph_objects.Figure")
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/emitter.py b/backend/chainlit/emitter.py
index 5cc6a905b6..abf3fc43f1 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/emitter.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/emitter.py
@@ -288,9 +288,9 @@ async def send_ask_user(
             # End the task temporarily so that the User can answer the prompt
             await self.task_end()
 
-            final_res: Optional[
-                Union["StepDict", "AskActionResponse", List["FileDict"]]
-            ] = None
+            final_res: Optional[Union[StepDict, AskActionResponse, List[FileDict]]] = (
+                None
+            )
 
             if user_res:
                 interaction: Union[str, None] = None
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/haystack/callbacks.py b/backend/chainlit/haystack/callbacks.py
index 687ec7d4b0..bed15d8afd 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/haystack/callbacks.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/haystack/callbacks.py
@@ -1,13 +1,14 @@
 import re
 from typing import Any, Generic, List, Optional, TypeVar
 
-from chainlit import Message
-from chainlit.step import Step
-from chainlit.sync import run_sync
 from haystack.agents import Agent, Tool
 from haystack.agents.agent_step import AgentStep
 from literalai.helper import utc_now
 
+from chainlit import Message
+from chainlit.step import Step
+from chainlit.sync import run_sync
+
 T = TypeVar("T")
 
 
@@ -131,7 +132,7 @@ def on_tool_finish(
         tool_result: str,
         tool_name: Optional[str] = None,
         tool_input: Optional[str] = None,
-        **kwargs: Any
+        **kwargs: Any,
     ) -> None:
         # Tool finished, send step with tool_result
         tool_step = self.stack.pop()
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/input_widget.py b/backend/chainlit/input_widget.py
index 58ee591653..6d33c48590 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/input_widget.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/input_widget.py
@@ -2,9 +2,10 @@
 from collections import defaultdict
 from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional
 
-from chainlit.types import InputWidgetType
 from pydantic.dataclasses import Field, dataclass
 
+from chainlit.types import InputWidgetType
+
 
 @dataclass
 class InputWidget:
@@ -75,7 +76,7 @@ class Select(InputWidget):
     initial: Optional[str] = None
     initial_index: Optional[int] = None
     initial_value: Optional[str] = None
-    values: List[str] = Field(default_factory=lambda: [])
+    values: List[str] = Field(default_factory=list)
     items: Dict[str, str] = Field(default_factory=lambda: defaultdict(dict))
 
     def __post_init__(
@@ -167,8 +168,8 @@ class Tags(InputWidget):
     """Useful to create an input for an array of strings."""
 
     type: InputWidgetType = "tags"
-    initial: List[str] = Field(default_factory=lambda: [])
-    values: List[str] = Field(default_factory=lambda: [])
+    initial: List[str] = Field(default_factory=list)
+    values: List[str] = Field(default_factory=list)
 
     def to_dict(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
         return {
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/langchain/callbacks.py b/backend/chainlit/langchain/callbacks.py
index 7449663dd4..526002cd36 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/langchain/callbacks.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/langchain/callbacks.py
@@ -468,7 +468,7 @@ async def _start_trace(self, run: Run) -> None:
         if ignore:
             return
 
-        step_type: "TrueStepType" = "undefined"
+        step_type: TrueStepType = "undefined"
         if run.run_type == "agent":
             step_type = "run"
         elif run.run_type == "chain":
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/langflow/__init__.py b/backend/chainlit/langflow/__init__.py
index ee8094fc0b..b11de4d5ac 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/langflow/__init__.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/langflow/__init__.py
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 from typing import Dict, Optional, Union
 
 import httpx
+
 from chainlit.telemetry import trace_event
 
 
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/llama_index/callbacks.py b/backend/chainlit/llama_index/callbacks.py
index 88c8170962..6ca0081cfe 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/llama_index/callbacks.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/llama_index/callbacks.py
@@ -1,8 +1,5 @@
 from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional
 
-from chainlit.context import context_var
-from chainlit.element import Text
-from chainlit.step import Step, StepType
 from literalai import ChatGeneration, CompletionGeneration, GenerationMessage
 from literalai.helper import utc_now
 from llama_index.core.callbacks import TokenCountingHandler
@@ -10,6 +7,10 @@
 from llama_index.core.llms import ChatMessage, ChatResponse, CompletionResponse
 from llama_index.core.tools.types import ToolMetadata
 
+from chainlit.context import context_var
+from chainlit.element import Text
+from chainlit.step import Step, StepType
+
 DEFAULT_IGNORE = [
     CBEventType.CHUNKING,
     CBEventType.SYNTHESIZE,
@@ -143,16 +144,15 @@ def on_event_end(
             context_var.get().loop.create_task(step.update())
 
         elif event_type == CBEventType.LLM:
-            formatted_messages = payload.get(
-                EventPayload.MESSAGES
-            )  # type: Optional[List[ChatMessage]]
+            formatted_messages = payload.get(EventPayload.MESSAGES)  # type: Optional[List[ChatMessage]]
             formatted_prompt = payload.get(EventPayload.PROMPT)
             response = payload.get(EventPayload.RESPONSE)
 
             if formatted_messages:
                 messages = [
                     GenerationMessage(
-                        role=m.role.value, content=m.content or ""  # type: ignore
+                        role=m.role.value,  # type: ignore
+                        content=m.content or "",
                     )
                     for m in formatted_messages
                 ]
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/message.py b/backend/chainlit/message.py
index 051089c119..88c071abeb 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/message.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/message.py
@@ -5,6 +5,9 @@
 from abc import ABC
 from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Union, cast
 
+from literalai.helper import utc_now
+from literalai.observability.step import MessageStepType
+
 from chainlit.action import Action
 from chainlit.chat_context import chat_context
 from chainlit.config import config
@@ -22,8 +25,6 @@
     AskSpec,
     FileDict,
 )
-from literalai.helper import utc_now
-from literalai.observability.step import MessageStepType
 
 
 class MessageBase(ABC):
@@ -113,7 +114,7 @@ async def update(
             except Exception as e:
                 if self.fail_on_persist_error:
                     raise e
-                logger.error(f"Failed to persist message update: {str(e)}")
+                logger.error(f"Failed to persist message update: {e!s}")
 
         await context.emitter.update_step(step_dict)
 
@@ -133,7 +134,7 @@ async def remove(self):
             except Exception as e:
                 if self.fail_on_persist_error:
                     raise e
-                logger.error(f"Failed to persist message deletion: {str(e)}")
+                logger.error(f"Failed to persist message deletion: {e!s}")
 
         await context.emitter.delete_step(step_dict)
 
@@ -149,7 +150,7 @@ async def _create(self):
             except Exception as e:
                 if self.fail_on_persist_error:
                     raise e
-                logger.error(f"Failed to persist message creation: {str(e)}")
+                logger.error(f"Failed to persist message creation: {e!s}")
 
         return step_dict
 
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/mistralai/__init__.py b/backend/chainlit/mistralai/__init__.py
index 2e4be2f3a4..4190352ccf 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/mistralai/__init__.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/mistralai/__init__.py
@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 import asyncio
 from typing import Union
 
-from chainlit.context import get_context
-from chainlit.step import Step
 from literalai import ChatGeneration, CompletionGeneration
 from literalai.helper import timestamp_utc
 
+from chainlit.context import get_context
+from chainlit.step import Step
+
 
 def instrument_mistralai():
     from literalai.instrumentation.mistralai import instrument_mistralai
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/oauth_providers.py b/backend/chainlit/oauth_providers.py
index 5ed9228f51..82b09eeef2 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/oauth_providers.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/oauth_providers.py
@@ -4,9 +4,10 @@
 from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
 
 import httpx
+from fastapi import HTTPException
+
 from chainlit.secret import random_secret
 from chainlit.user import User
-from fastapi import HTTPException
 
 
 class OAuthProvider:
@@ -22,10 +23,10 @@ def is_configured(self):
         return all([os.environ.get(env) for env in self.env])
 
     async def get_token(self, code: str, url: str) -> str:
-        raise NotImplementedError()
+        raise NotImplementedError
 
     async def get_user_info(self, token: str) -> Tuple[Dict[str, str], User]:
-        raise NotImplementedError()
+        raise NotImplementedError
 
     def get_env_prefix(self) -> str:
         """Return environment prefix, like AZURE_AD."""
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/openai/__init__.py b/backend/chainlit/openai/__init__.py
index 31fe793a22..11956ed9a8 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/openai/__init__.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/openai/__init__.py
@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 import asyncio
 from typing import Union
 
+from literalai import ChatGeneration, CompletionGeneration
+from literalai.helper import timestamp_utc
+
 from chainlit.context import local_steps
 from chainlit.step import Step
 from chainlit.utils import check_module_version
-from literalai import ChatGeneration, CompletionGeneration
-from literalai.helper import timestamp_utc
 
 
 def instrument_openai():
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/secret.py b/backend/chainlit/secret.py
index 968193bf16..cc85257abe 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/secret.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/secret.py
@@ -6,4 +6,4 @@
 
 
 def random_secret(length: int = 64):
-    return "".join((secrets.choice(chars) for i in range(length)))
+    return "".join(secrets.choice(chars) for i in range(length))
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/server.py b/backend/chainlit/server.py
index 4893c8d03c..259cf57e14 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/server.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/server.py
@@ -12,6 +12,26 @@
 from typing import Any, Optional, Union
 
 import socketio
+from fastapi import (
+    APIRouter,
+    Depends,
+    FastAPI,
+    Form,
+    HTTPException,
+    Query,
+    Request,
+    Response,
+    UploadFile,
+    status,
+)
+from fastapi.responses import FileResponse, HTMLResponse, JSONResponse, RedirectResponse
+from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordRequestForm
+from fastapi.staticfiles import StaticFiles
+from starlette.datastructures import URL
+from starlette.middleware.cors import CORSMiddleware
+from typing_extensions import Annotated
+from watchfiles import awatch
+
 from chainlit.auth import create_jwt, get_configuration, get_current_user
 from chainlit.config import (
     APP_ROOT,
@@ -37,26 +57,6 @@
     UpdateFeedbackRequest,
 )
 from chainlit.user import PersistedUser, User
-from fastapi import (
-    APIRouter,
-    Depends,
-    FastAPI,
-    File,
-    Form,
-    HTTPException,
-    Query,
-    Request,
-    Response,
-    UploadFile,
-    status,
-)
-from fastapi.responses import FileResponse, HTMLResponse, JSONResponse, RedirectResponse
-from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordRequestForm
-from fastapi.staticfiles import StaticFiles
-from starlette.datastructures import URL
-from starlette.middleware.cors import CORSMiddleware
-from typing_extensions import Annotated
-from watchfiles import awatch
 
 from ._utils import is_path_inside
 
@@ -248,6 +248,7 @@ async def slack_endpoint(req: Request):
 
 if os.environ.get("TEAMS_APP_ID") and os.environ.get("TEAMS_APP_PASSWORD"):
     from botbuilder.schema import Activity
+
     from chainlit.teams.app import adapter, bot
 
     @router.post("/teams/events")
@@ -316,7 +317,7 @@ def get_html_template():
 
     index_html_file_path = os.path.join(build_dir, "index.html")
 
-    with open(index_html_file_path, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+    with open(index_html_file_path, encoding="utf-8") as f:
         content = f.read()
         content = content.replace(PLACEHOLDER, tags)
         if js:
@@ -895,7 +896,7 @@ async def get_file(
             detail="Unauthorized",
         )
 
-     #TODO: Causes 401 error. See https://github.com/Chainlit/chainlit/issues/1472
+    # TODO: Causes 401 error. See https://github.com/Chainlit/chainlit/issues/1472
     # if current_user:
     #     if not session.user or session.user.identifier != current_user.identifier:
     #         raise HTTPException(
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/session.py b/backend/chainlit/session.py
index 2d675ac6e4..404713ec92 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/session.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/session.py
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Callable, Deque, Dict, Literal, Optional, Union
 
 import aiofiles
+
 from chainlit.logger import logger
 from chainlit.types import FileReference
 
@@ -17,9 +18,9 @@
 
 
 class JSONEncoderIgnoreNonSerializable(json.JSONEncoder):
-    def default(self, obj):
+    def default(self, o):
         try:
-            return super(JSONEncoderIgnoreNonSerializable, self).default(obj)
+            return super().default(o)
         except TypeError:
             return None
 
@@ -112,9 +113,10 @@ async def persist_file(
 
         if path:
             # Copy the file from the given path
-            async with aiofiles.open(path, "rb") as src, aiofiles.open(
-                file_path, "wb"
-            ) as dst:
+            async with (
+                aiofiles.open(path, "rb") as src,
+                aiofiles.open(file_path, "wb") as dst,
+            ):
                 await dst.write(await src.read())
         elif content:
             # Write the provided content to the file
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/slack/app.py b/backend/chainlit/slack/app.py
index 747d0af9dd..631e8c4b5e 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/slack/app.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/slack/app.py
@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@
 from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Union
 
 import httpx
+from slack_bolt.adapter.fastapi.async_handler import AsyncSlackRequestHandler
+from slack_bolt.async_app import AsyncApp
+
 from chainlit.config import config
 from chainlit.context import ChainlitContext, HTTPSession, context, context_var
 from chainlit.data import get_data_layer
@@ -18,8 +21,6 @@
 from chainlit.types import Feedback
 from chainlit.user import PersistedUser, User
 from chainlit.user_session import user_session
-from slack_bolt.adapter.fastapi.async_handler import AsyncSlackRequestHandler
-from slack_bolt.async_app import AsyncApp
 
 
 class SlackEmitter(BaseChainlitEmitter):
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/socket.py b/backend/chainlit/socket.py
index 064c4c2189..d79c76c16e 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/socket.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/socket.py
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
 from chainlit.config import config
 from chainlit.context import init_ws_context
 from chainlit.data import get_data_layer
-from chainlit.element import Element
 from chainlit.logger import logger
 from chainlit.message import ErrorMessage, Message
 from chainlit.server import sio
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/step.py b/backend/chainlit/step.py
index 0baa1fe196..4e7942c94a 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/step.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/step.py
@@ -7,6 +7,10 @@
 from functools import wraps
 from typing import Callable, Dict, List, Optional, TypedDict, Union
 
+from literalai import BaseGeneration
+from literalai.helper import utc_now
+from literalai.observability.step import StepType, TrueStepType
+
 from chainlit.config import config
 from chainlit.context import CL_RUN_NAMES, context, local_steps
 from chainlit.data import get_data_layer
@@ -14,9 +18,6 @@
 from chainlit.logger import logger
 from chainlit.telemetry import trace_event
 from chainlit.types import FeedbackDict
-from literalai import BaseGeneration
-from literalai.helper import utc_now
-from literalai.observability.step import StepType, TrueStepType
 
 
 def check_add_step_in_cot(step: "Step"):
@@ -107,8 +108,8 @@ async def async_wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
                 ) as step:
                     try:
                         step.input = flatten_args_kwargs(func, args, kwargs)
-                    except:
-                        pass
+                    except Exception as e:
+                        logger.exception(e)
                     result = await func(*args, **kwargs)
                     try:
                         if result and not step.output:
@@ -134,8 +135,8 @@ def sync_wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
                 ) as step:
                     try:
                         step.input = flatten_args_kwargs(func, args, kwargs)
-                    except:
-                        pass
+                    except Exception as e:
+                        logger.exception(e)
                     result = func(*args, **kwargs)
                     try:
                         if result and not step.output:
@@ -317,7 +318,7 @@ async def update(self):
             except Exception as e:
                 if self.fail_on_persist_error:
                     raise e
-                logger.error(f"Failed to persist step update: {str(e)}")
+                logger.error(f"Failed to persist step update: {e!s}")
 
         tasks = [el.send(for_id=self.id) for el in self.elements]
         await asyncio.gather(*tasks)
@@ -344,7 +345,7 @@ async def remove(self):
             except Exception as e:
                 if self.fail_on_persist_error:
                     raise e
-                logger.error(f"Failed to persist step deletion: {str(e)}")
+                logger.error(f"Failed to persist step deletion: {e!s}")
 
         await context.emitter.delete_step(step_dict)
 
@@ -371,7 +372,7 @@ async def send(self):
             except Exception as e:
                 if self.fail_on_persist_error:
                     raise e
-                logger.error(f"Failed to persist step creation: {str(e)}")
+                logger.error(f"Failed to persist step creation: {e!s}")
 
         tasks = [el.send(for_id=self.id) for el in self.elements]
         await asyncio.gather(*tasks)
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/sync.py b/backend/chainlit/sync.py
index 66761bcbff..09d4ee72de 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/sync.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/sync.py
@@ -10,9 +10,10 @@
 import threading
 
 from asyncer import asyncify
-from chainlit.context import context_var
 from syncer import sync
 
+from chainlit.context import context_var
+
 make_async = asyncify
 
 T_Retval = TypeVar("T_Retval")
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/teams/app.py b/backend/chainlit/teams/app.py
index b0f66445a2..ecfac32487 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/teams/app.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/teams/app.py
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
     ChannelAccount,
     HeroCard,
 )
+
 from chainlit.config import config
 from chainlit.context import ChainlitContext, HTTPSession, context, context_var
 from chainlit.data import get_data_layer
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/types.py b/backend/chainlit/types.py
index b094716f93..2721e9eb85 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/types.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/types.py
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ def from_dict(cls, page_info_dict: Dict) -> "PageInfo":
 class HasFromDict(Protocol[T]):
     @classmethod
     def from_dict(cls, obj_dict: Any) -> T:
-        raise NotImplementedError()
+        raise NotImplementedError
 
 
 @dataclass
@@ -168,11 +168,13 @@ class InputAudioChunk:
     elapsedTime: float
     data: bytes
 
+
 class OutputAudioChunk(TypedDict):
     track: str
     mimeType: str
     data: bytes
 
+
 @dataclass
 class AskFileResponse:
     id: str
diff --git a/backend/chainlit/utils.py b/backend/chainlit/utils.py
index 79049c4308..ad93906ad3 100644
--- a/backend/chainlit/utils.py
+++ b/backend/chainlit/utils.py
@@ -6,12 +6,13 @@
 from typing import Callable
 
 import click
+from fastapi import FastAPI
+from packaging import version
+
 from chainlit.auth import ensure_jwt_secret
 from chainlit.context import context
 from chainlit.logger import logger
 from chainlit.message import ErrorMessage
-from fastapi import FastAPI
-from packaging import version
 
 
 def wrap_user_function(user_function: Callable, with_task=False) -> Callable:
diff --git a/backend/poetry.lock b/backend/poetry.lock
index 53d6e2ce4f..5ccb1972ae 100644
--- a/backend/poetry.lock
+++ b/backend/poetry.lock
@@ -4440,29 +4440,29 @@ files = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "ruff"
-version = "0.7.1"
+version = "0.7.4"
 description = "An extremely fast Python linter and code formatter, written in Rust."
 optional = false
 python-versions = ">=3.7"
 files = [
-    {file = "ruff-0.7.1-py3-none-linux_armv6l.whl", hash = "sha256:cb1bc5ed9403daa7da05475d615739cc0212e861b7306f314379d958592aaa89"},
-    {file = "ruff-0.7.1-py3-none-macosx_10_12_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:27c1c52a8d199a257ff1e5582d078eab7145129aa02721815ca8fa4f9612dc35"},
-    {file = "ruff-0.7.1-py3-none-macosx_11_0_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:588a34e1ef2ea55b4ddfec26bbe76bc866e92523d8c6cdec5e8aceefeff02d99"},
-    {file = "ruff-0.7.1-py3-none-manylinux_2_17_aarch64.manylinux2014_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:94fc32f9cdf72dc75c451e5f072758b118ab8100727168a3df58502b43a599ca"},
-    {file = "ruff-0.7.1-py3-none-manylinux_2_17_armv7l.manylinux2014_armv7l.whl", hash = "sha256:985818742b833bffa543a84d1cc11b5e6871de1b4e0ac3060a59a2bae3969250"},
-    {file = "ruff-0.7.1-py3-none-manylinux_2_17_i686.manylinux2014_i686.whl", hash = "sha256:32f1e8a192e261366c702c5fb2ece9f68d26625f198a25c408861c16dc2dea9c"},
-    {file = "ruff-0.7.1-py3-none-manylinux_2_17_ppc64.manylinux2014_ppc64.whl", hash = "sha256:699085bf05819588551b11751eff33e9ca58b1b86a6843e1b082a7de40da1565"},
-    {file = "ruff-0.7.1-py3-none-manylinux_2_17_ppc64le.manylinux2014_ppc64le.whl", hash = "sha256:344cc2b0814047dc8c3a8ff2cd1f3d808bb23c6658db830d25147339d9bf9ea7"},
-    {file = "ruff-0.7.1-py3-none-manylinux_2_17_s390x.manylinux2014_s390x.whl", hash = "sha256:4316bbf69d5a859cc937890c7ac7a6551252b6a01b1d2c97e8fc96e45a7c8b4a"},
-    {file = "ruff-0.7.1-py3-none-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:79d3af9dca4c56043e738a4d6dd1e9444b6d6c10598ac52d146e331eb155a8ad"},
-    {file = "ruff-0.7.1-py3-none-musllinux_1_2_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:c5c121b46abde94a505175524e51891f829414e093cd8326d6e741ecfc0a9112"},
-    {file = "ruff-0.7.1-py3-none-musllinux_1_2_armv7l.whl", hash = "sha256:8422104078324ea250886954e48f1373a8fe7de59283d747c3a7eca050b4e378"},
-    {file = "ruff-0.7.1-py3-none-musllinux_1_2_i686.whl", hash = "sha256:56aad830af8a9db644e80098fe4984a948e2b6fc2e73891538f43bbe478461b8"},
-    {file = "ruff-0.7.1-py3-none-musllinux_1_2_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:658304f02f68d3a83c998ad8bf91f9b4f53e93e5412b8f2388359d55869727fd"},
-    {file = "ruff-0.7.1-py3-none-win32.whl", hash = "sha256:b517a2011333eb7ce2d402652ecaa0ac1a30c114fbbd55c6b8ee466a7f600ee9"},
-    {file = "ruff-0.7.1-py3-none-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:f38c41fcde1728736b4eb2b18850f6d1e3eedd9678c914dede554a70d5241307"},
-    {file = "ruff-0.7.1-py3-none-win_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:19aa200ec824c0f36d0c9114c8ec0087082021732979a359d6f3c390a6ff2a37"},
-    {file = "ruff-0.7.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:9d8a41d4aa2dad1575adb98a82870cf5db5f76b2938cf2206c22c940034a36f4"},
+    {file = "ruff-0.7.4-py3-none-linux_armv6l.whl", hash = "sha256:a4919925e7684a3f18e18243cd6bea7cfb8e968a6eaa8437971f681b7ec51478"},
+    {file = "ruff-0.7.4-py3-none-macosx_10_12_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:cfb365c135b830778dda8c04fb7d4280ed0b984e1aec27f574445231e20d6c63"},
+    {file = "ruff-0.7.4-py3-none-macosx_11_0_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:63a569b36bc66fbadec5beaa539dd81e0527cb258b94e29e0531ce41bacc1f20"},
+    {file = "ruff-0.7.4-py3-none-manylinux_2_17_aarch64.manylinux2014_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:0d06218747d361d06fd2fdac734e7fa92df36df93035db3dc2ad7aa9852cb109"},
+    {file = "ruff-0.7.4-py3-none-manylinux_2_17_armv7l.manylinux2014_armv7l.whl", hash = "sha256:e0cea28d0944f74ebc33e9f934238f15c758841f9f5edd180b5315c203293452"},
+    {file = "ruff-0.7.4-py3-none-manylinux_2_17_i686.manylinux2014_i686.whl", hash = "sha256:80094ecd4793c68b2571b128f91754d60f692d64bc0d7272ec9197fdd09bf9ea"},
+    {file = "ruff-0.7.4-py3-none-manylinux_2_17_ppc64.manylinux2014_ppc64.whl", hash = "sha256:997512325c6620d1c4c2b15db49ef59543ef9cd0f4aa8065ec2ae5103cedc7e7"},
+    {file = "ruff-0.7.4-py3-none-manylinux_2_17_ppc64le.manylinux2014_ppc64le.whl", hash = "sha256:00b4cf3a6b5fad6d1a66e7574d78956bbd09abfd6c8a997798f01f5da3d46a05"},
+    {file = "ruff-0.7.4-py3-none-manylinux_2_17_s390x.manylinux2014_s390x.whl", hash = "sha256:7dbdc7d8274e1422722933d1edddfdc65b4336abf0b16dfcb9dedd6e6a517d06"},
+    {file = "ruff-0.7.4-py3-none-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:0e92dfb5f00eaedb1501b2f906ccabfd67b2355bdf117fea9719fc99ac2145bc"},
+    {file = "ruff-0.7.4-py3-none-musllinux_1_2_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:3bd726099f277d735dc38900b6a8d6cf070f80828877941983a57bca1cd92172"},
+    {file = "ruff-0.7.4-py3-none-musllinux_1_2_armv7l.whl", hash = "sha256:2e32829c429dd081ee5ba39aef436603e5b22335c3d3fff013cd585806a6486a"},
+    {file = "ruff-0.7.4-py3-none-musllinux_1_2_i686.whl", hash = "sha256:662a63b4971807623f6f90c1fb664613f67cc182dc4d991471c23c541fee62dd"},
+    {file = "ruff-0.7.4-py3-none-musllinux_1_2_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:876f5e09eaae3eb76814c1d3b68879891d6fde4824c015d48e7a7da4cf066a3a"},
+    {file = "ruff-0.7.4-py3-none-win32.whl", hash = "sha256:75c53f54904be42dd52a548728a5b572344b50d9b2873d13a3f8c5e3b91f5cac"},
+    {file = "ruff-0.7.4-py3-none-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:745775c7b39f914238ed1f1b0bebed0b9155a17cd8bc0b08d3c87e4703b990d6"},
+    {file = "ruff-0.7.4-py3-none-win_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:11bff065102c3ae9d3ea4dc9ecdfe5a5171349cdd0787c1fc64761212fc9cf1f"},
+    {file = "ruff-0.7.4.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:cd12e35031f5af6b9b93715d8c4f40360070b2041f81273d0527683d5708fce2"},
 ]
 
 [[package]]
diff --git a/backend/pyproject.toml b/backend/pyproject.toml
index ed25c3828c..b1b76589ad 100644
--- a/backend/pyproject.toml
+++ b/backend/pyproject.toml
@@ -102,7 +102,6 @@ pandas-stubs = { version = "^2.2.2", python = ">=3.9" }
 [tool.mypy]
 python_version = "3.9"
 
-
 [[tool.mypy.overrides]]
 module = [
     "boto3.dynamodb.types",
@@ -122,10 +121,6 @@ ignore_missing_imports = true
 
 
 
-
-
-
-
 [tool.poetry.group.custom-data]
 optional = true
 
@@ -136,7 +131,6 @@ boto3 = "^1.34.73"
 azure-identity = "^1.14.1"
 azure-storage-file-datalake = "^12.14.0"
 
-
 [build-system]
 requires = ["poetry-core"]
 build-backend = "poetry.core.masonry.api"
@@ -146,9 +140,12 @@ build-backend = "poetry.core.masonry.api"
 testpaths = ["tests"]
 asyncio_mode = "auto"
 
+[tool.ruff]
+target-version = "py39"
 
 [tool.ruff.lint]
-select = ["I"]
+select = ["E", "F", "I", "LOG", "UP", "T10", "ISC", "ICN", "LOG", "G", "PIE", "PT", "Q", "RSE", "FURB", "RUF"]
+ignore = ["E712", "E501", "UP006", "UP035","PIE790", "PT004", "RUF005", "RUF006", "RUF012", "ISC001"]
 
 [tool.ruff.lint.isort]
 combine-as-imports = true
diff --git a/backend/tests/data/conftest.py b/backend/tests/data/conftest.py
index e7a98d9081..84276df670 100644
--- a/backend/tests/data/conftest.py
+++ b/backend/tests/data/conftest.py
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 from unittest.mock import AsyncMock
 
 import pytest
+
 from chainlit.data.storage_clients.base import BaseStorageClient
 from chainlit.user import User
 
diff --git a/backend/tests/data/storage_clients/test_s3.py b/backend/tests/data/storage_clients/test_s3.py
index 38804f8c67..6dc238583e 100644
--- a/backend/tests/data/storage_clients/test_s3.py
+++ b/backend/tests/data/storage_clients/test_s3.py
@@ -2,9 +2,10 @@
 
 import boto3  # type: ignore
 import pytest
-from chainlit.data.storage_clients.s3 import S3StorageClient
 from moto import mock_aws
 
+from chainlit.data.storage_clients.s3 import S3StorageClient
+
 
 # Fixtures for setting up the DynamoDB table
 @pytest.fixture
diff --git a/backend/tests/data/test_literalai.py b/backend/tests/data/test_literalai.py
index ae9a2ee93b..ffbe74c5d8 100644
--- a/backend/tests/data/test_literalai.py
+++ b/backend/tests/data/test_literalai.py
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ async def mock_literal_client(monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch):
     client = Mock(spec=AsyncLiteralClient)
     client.api = AsyncMock(spec=AsyncLiteralAPI)
     monkeypatch.setattr("literalai.AsyncLiteralClient", client)
-    yield client
+    return client
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
diff --git a/backend/tests/data/test_sql_alchemy.py b/backend/tests/data/test_sql_alchemy.py
index 8597b6ce40..decd5e34c5 100644
--- a/backend/tests/data/test_sql_alchemy.py
+++ b/backend/tests/data/test_sql_alchemy.py
@@ -2,13 +2,13 @@
 from pathlib import Path
 
 import pytest
-from chainlit.data.sql_alchemy import SQLAlchemyDataLayer
-from chainlit.data.storage_clients.base import BaseStorageClient
-from chainlit.element import Text
 from sqlalchemy import text
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import create_async_engine
 
 from chainlit import User
+from chainlit.data.sql_alchemy import SQLAlchemyDataLayer
+from chainlit.data.storage_clients.base import BaseStorageClient
+from chainlit.element import Text
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ async def data_layer(mock_storage_client: BaseStorageClient, tmp_path: Path):
     # Create SQLAlchemyDataLayer instance
     data_layer = SQLAlchemyDataLayer(conninfo, storage_provider=mock_storage_client)
 
-    yield data_layer
+    return data_layer
 
 
 async def test_create_and_get_element(
diff --git a/backend/tests/llama_index/test_callbacks.py b/backend/tests/llama_index/test_callbacks.py
index edf8ec4cf4..8c89cf51cf 100644
--- a/backend/tests/llama_index/test_callbacks.py
+++ b/backend/tests/llama_index/test_callbacks.py
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 from unittest.mock import patch
 
-from chainlit.llama_index.callbacks import LlamaIndexCallbackHandler
-from chainlit.step import Step
 from llama_index.core.callbacks.schema import CBEventType, EventPayload
 from llama_index.core.tools.types import ToolMetadata
 
+from chainlit.llama_index.callbacks import LlamaIndexCallbackHandler
+from chainlit.step import Step
+
 
 async def test_on_event_start_for_function_calls(mock_chainlit_context):
     TEST_EVENT_ID = "test_event_id"
diff --git a/backend/tests/test_callbacks.py b/backend/tests/test_callbacks.py
index c00674ba9b..ec9c1ea342 100644
--- a/backend/tests/test_callbacks.py
+++ b/backend/tests/test_callbacks.py
@@ -2,11 +2,8 @@
 
 from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, Mock
 
-import pytest
-
 from chainlit import config
-from chainlit.callbacks import data_layer, password_auth_callback
-from chainlit.data import get_data_layer
+from chainlit.callbacks import password_auth_callback
 from chainlit.data.base import BaseDataLayer
 from chainlit.user import User
 
@@ -66,7 +63,6 @@ async def test_oauth_callback(test_config: config.ChainlitConfig):
     from unittest.mock import patch
 
     from chainlit.callbacks import oauth_callback
-    from chainlit.config import config
     from chainlit.user import User
 
     # Mock the get_configured_oauth_providers function
@@ -135,7 +131,6 @@ async def handle_message(message: Message):
 
 async def test_on_stop(mock_chainlit_context, test_config: config.ChainlitConfig):
     from chainlit.callbacks import on_stop
-    from chainlit.config import config
 
     async with mock_chainlit_context:
         stop_called = False
@@ -160,7 +155,6 @@ async def test_action_callback(
 ):
     from chainlit.action import Action
     from chainlit.callbacks import action_callback
-    from chainlit.config import config
 
     async with mock_chainlit_context:
         action_handled = False
@@ -186,7 +180,6 @@ async def test_on_settings_update(
     mock_chainlit_context, test_config: config.ChainlitConfig
 ):
     from chainlit.callbacks import on_settings_update
-    from chainlit.config import config
 
     async with mock_chainlit_context:
         settings_updated = False
@@ -209,7 +202,6 @@ async def handle_settings_update(settings: dict):
 
 async def test_author_rename(test_config: config.ChainlitConfig):
     from chainlit.callbacks import author_rename
-    from chainlit.config import config
 
     @author_rename
     async def rename_author(author: str) -> str:
@@ -240,7 +232,6 @@ async def rename_author(author: str) -> str:
 
 async def test_on_chat_start(mock_chainlit_context, test_config: config.ChainlitConfig):
     from chainlit.callbacks import on_chat_start
-    from chainlit.config import config
 
     async with mock_chainlit_context as context:
         chat_started = False
@@ -267,7 +258,6 @@ async def test_on_chat_resume(
     mock_chainlit_context, test_config: config.ChainlitConfig
 ):
     from chainlit.callbacks import on_chat_resume
-    from chainlit.config import config
     from chainlit.types import ThreadDict
 
     async with mock_chainlit_context:
@@ -305,7 +295,6 @@ async def test_set_chat_profiles(
     mock_chainlit_context, test_config: config.ChainlitConfig
 ):
     from chainlit.callbacks import set_chat_profiles
-    from chainlit.config import config
     from chainlit.types import ChatProfile
 
     async with mock_chainlit_context:
@@ -333,7 +322,6 @@ async def get_chat_profiles(user):
 
 async def test_set_starters(mock_chainlit_context, test_config: config.ChainlitConfig):
     from chainlit.callbacks import set_starters
-    from chainlit.config import config
     from chainlit.types import Starter
 
     async with mock_chainlit_context:
@@ -364,7 +352,6 @@ async def get_starters(user):
 
 async def test_on_chat_end(mock_chainlit_context, test_config: config.ChainlitConfig):
     from chainlit.callbacks import on_chat_end
-    from chainlit.config import config
 
     async with mock_chainlit_context as context:
         chat_ended = False
diff --git a/backend/tests/test_context.py b/backend/tests/test_context.py
index c5449c9e91..6ffb12cc0e 100644
--- a/backend/tests/test_context.py
+++ b/backend/tests/test_context.py
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 from unittest.mock import Mock
 
 import pytest
+
 from chainlit.context import (
     ChainlitContext,
     ChainlitContextException,
diff --git a/backend/tests/test_emitter.py b/backend/tests/test_emitter.py
index 48c6df017d..e831baa568 100644
--- a/backend/tests/test_emitter.py
+++ b/backend/tests/test_emitter.py
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 from unittest.mock import MagicMock
 
 import pytest
+
 from chainlit.element import ElementDict
 from chainlit.emitter import ChainlitEmitter
 from chainlit.step import StepDict
diff --git a/backend/tests/test_server.py b/backend/tests/test_server.py
index c61827c8a3..6bc607d46a 100644
--- a/backend/tests/test_server.py
+++ b/backend/tests/test_server.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import datetime  # Added import for datetime
 import os
 import pathlib
-import tempfile
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Callable
 from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, Mock, create_autospec, mock_open
@@ -10,10 +9,8 @@
 from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
 
 from chainlit.auth import get_current_user
-from chainlit.config import APP_ROOT, ChainlitConfig, load_config
+from chainlit.config import APP_ROOT, ChainlitConfig
 from chainlit.server import app
-from chainlit.session import WebsocketSession
-from chainlit.types import FileReference
 from chainlit.user import PersistedUser  # Added import for PersistedUser
 
 
@@ -322,7 +319,7 @@ def test_get_file_non_existing_session(
 
     # Attempt to access the file without authentication by providing an invalid session_id
     response = test_client.get(
-        f"/project/file/nonexistent?session_id=unauthenticated_session_id"
+        "/project/file/nonexistent?session_id=unauthenticated_session_id"
     )
 
     # Verify the response
diff --git a/cypress/e2e/elements/main.py b/cypress/e2e/elements/main.py
index 15f9def917..d7a412231d 100644
--- a/cypress/e2e/elements/main.py
+++ b/cypress/e2e/elements/main.py
@@ -3,13 +3,11 @@
 
 @cl.step(type="tool")
 async def gen_img():
-
     return cl.Image(path="./cat.jpeg", name="image1", display="inline")
 
 
 @cl.on_chat_start
 async def start():
-
     img = await gen_img()
 
     # Element should not be inlined or referenced
diff --git a/lint-staged.config.js b/lint-staged.config.js
index 8befb50e38..36ebdd95eb 100644
--- a/lint-staged.config.js
+++ b/lint-staged.config.js
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ module.exports = {
   '**/*.{js,jsx,ts,tsx}': ['npx prettier --write', 'npx eslint --fix'],
   '**/*.{ts,tsx}': [() => 'tsc --skipLibCheck --noEmit'],
   '**/*.py': [
-    'cd backend && poetry run ruff check --fix',
-    'cd backend && poetry run ruff format',
+    'poetry run -C backend ruff check --fix',
+    'poetry run -C backend ruff format',
     () => 'pnpm run lintPython'
   ],
   '.github/{workflows,actions}/**': ['actionlint']