From f41749473dd5fdaefdbf6b705692bbaffbd03d15 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: SUSE Docs Bot <doc-team+docbot@suse.com>
Date: Tue, 7 Jan 2025 14:36:55 +0000
Subject: [PATCH] Automatic rebuild after doc-sle commit
 f92b401c21383a0fc8b65fecd0f77b344a1ff65c

---
 .../html/SLE-kubevirt/article-kubevirt.html   |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/html/SLE-kubevirt/index.html         |  2 +-
 .../book-administration.html                  |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/html/SLED-administration/index.html  |  2 +-
 .../html/SLED-deployment/book-deployment.html |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/html/SLED-deployment/index.html      |  2 +-
 .../html/SLED-gnome-user/book-gnome-user.html |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/html/SLED-gnome-user/index.html      |  2 +-
 .../article-installation.html                 |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/html/SLED-installation/index.html    |  2 +-
 .../html/SLED-modules/article-modules.html    |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/html/SLED-modules/index.html         |  2 +-
 .../html/SLED-security/book-security.html     |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/html/SLED-security/index.html        |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/html/SLED-tuning/book-tuning.html    |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/html/SLED-tuning/index.html          |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/html/SLED-upgrade/book-upgrade.html  |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/html/SLED-upgrade/index.html         |  2 +-
 .../book-administration.html                  |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/html/SLES-administration/index.html  |  2 +-
 .../html/SLES-amd-sev/article-amd-sev.html    |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/html/SLES-amd-sev/index.html         |  2 +-
 .../html/SLES-autoyast/book-autoyast.html     |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/html/SLES-autoyast/index.html        |  2 +-
 .../html/SLES-deployment/book-deployment.html |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/html/SLES-deployment/index.html      |  2 +-
 .../html/SLES-gnome-user/book-gnome-user.html |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/html/SLES-gnome-user/index.html      |  2 +-
 .../article-installation.html                 |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/html/SLES-installation/index.html    |  2 +-
 .../html/SLES-modules/article-modules.html    |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/html/SLES-modules/index.html         |  2 +-
 .../article-raspberry-pi.html                 |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/html/SLES-raspberry-pi/index.html    |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/html/SLES-rmt/book-rmt.html          |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/html/SLES-rmt/index.html             |  2 +-
 .../html/SLES-security/book-security.html     |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/html/SLES-security/index.html        |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/html/SLES-storage/book-storage.html  |  2 +-
 .../html/SLES-storage/cha-raid-resize.html    | 18 ++++++-----------
 SLE15SP5/html/SLES-storage/index.html         |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/html/SLES-tuning/book-tuning.html    |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/html/SLES-tuning/index.html          |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/html/SLES-upgrade/book-upgrade.html  |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/html/SLES-upgrade/index.html         |  2 +-
 ...article-virtualization-best-practices.html |  2 +-
 .../index.html                                |  2 +-
 .../book-virtualization.html                  |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/html/SLES-virtualization/index.html  |  2 +-
 .../SLE-kubevirt/article-kubevirt_draft.html  |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/single-html/SLE-kubevirt/index.html  |  2 +-
 .../book-administration_draft.html            |  2 +-
 .../SLED-administration/index.html            |  2 +-
 .../book-deployment_draft.html                |  2 +-
 .../single-html/SLED-deployment/index.html    |  2 +-
 .../book-gnome-user_draft.html                |  2 +-
 .../single-html/SLED-gnome-user/index.html    |  2 +-
 .../article-installation_draft.html           |  2 +-
 .../single-html/SLED-installation/index.html  |  2 +-
 .../SLED-modules/article-modules_draft.html   |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-modules/index.html  |  2 +-
 .../SLED-security/book-security_draft.html    |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-security/index.html |  2 +-
 .../SLED-tuning/book-tuning_draft.html        |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-tuning/index.html   |  2 +-
 .../SLED-upgrade/book-upgrade_draft.html      |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-upgrade/index.html  |  2 +-
 .../book-administration_draft.html            |  2 +-
 .../SLES-administration/index.html            |  2 +-
 .../SLES-amd-sev/article-amd-sev_draft.html   |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-amd-sev/index.html  |  2 +-
 .../SLES-autoyast/book-autoyast_draft.html    |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-autoyast/index.html |  2 +-
 .../book-deployment_draft.html                |  2 +-
 .../single-html/SLES-deployment/index.html    |  2 +-
 .../book-gnome-user_draft.html                |  2 +-
 .../single-html/SLES-gnome-user/index.html    |  2 +-
 .../article-installation_draft.html           |  2 +-
 .../single-html/SLES-installation/index.html  |  2 +-
 .../SLES-modules/article-modules_draft.html   |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-modules/index.html  |  2 +-
 .../article-raspberry-pi_draft.html           |  2 +-
 .../single-html/SLES-raspberry-pi/index.html  |  2 +-
 .../single-html/SLES-rmt/book-rmt_draft.html  |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-rmt/index.html      |  2 +-
 .../SLES-security/book-security_draft.html    |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-security/index.html |  2 +-
 .../SLES-storage/book-storage_draft.html      | 20 +++++++------------
 SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-storage/index.html  | 20 +++++++------------
 .../SLES-tuning/book-tuning_draft.html        |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-tuning/index.html   |  2 +-
 .../SLES-upgrade/book-upgrade_draft.html      |  2 +-
 SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-upgrade/index.html  |  2 +-
 ...e-virtualization-best-practices_draft.html |  2 +-
 .../index.html                                |  2 +-
 .../book-virtualization_draft.html            |  2 +-
 .../SLES-virtualization/index.html            |  2 +-
 97 files changed, 114 insertions(+), 132 deletions(-)

diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLE-kubevirt/article-kubevirt.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLE-kubevirt/article-kubevirt.html
index b48a20cde7..085c1d1ecc 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLE-kubevirt/article-kubevirt.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLE-kubevirt/article-kubevirt.html
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@
 });
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/blob/main/xml/art-kubevirt.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">Using KubeVirt on SUSE Linux Enterprise</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">Using KubeVirt on SUSE Linux Enterprise</div> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="article" id="article-kubevirt" data-id-title="Using KubeVirt on SUSE Linux Enterprise"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div><h1 class="title">Using KubeVirt on SUSE Linux Enterprise</h1></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>
-    January 06, 2025
+    January 07, 2025
 
    </div><div><div class="abstract"><p>
         KubeVirt is a virtual machine management add-on for Kubernetes.
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLE-kubevirt/index.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLE-kubevirt/index.html
index b48a20cde7..085c1d1ecc 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLE-kubevirt/index.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLE-kubevirt/index.html
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@
 });
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/blob/main/xml/art-kubevirt.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">Using KubeVirt on SUSE Linux Enterprise</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">Using KubeVirt on SUSE Linux Enterprise</div> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="article" id="article-kubevirt" data-id-title="Using KubeVirt on SUSE Linux Enterprise"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div><h1 class="title">Using KubeVirt on SUSE Linux Enterprise</h1></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>
-    January 06, 2025
+    January 07, 2025
 
    </div><div><div class="abstract"><p>
         KubeVirt is a virtual machine management add-on for Kubernetes.
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-administration/book-administration.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-administration/book-administration.html
index 869ded9561..36dbb837e3 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-administration/book-administration.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-administration/book-administration.html
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@
     This guide covers system administration tasks
      like maintaining, monitoring and customizing an initially installed
      system.
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-administration.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Administration Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-administration.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Administration Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="preface-administration.html"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-administration.html#id-1.3.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-administration.html#id-1.3.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-administration.html#id-1.3.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-administration.html#id-1.3.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-administration.html"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Common tasks</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Bash and Bash scripts</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#sec-adm-whatistheshell"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">What is <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">the shell</span>”</span>?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#sec-adm-shellscripts"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Writing shell scripts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#sec-adm-shell-redirect"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Redirecting command events</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#sec-adm-alias"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using aliases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#sec-adm-variables"><span class="title-number">1.5 </span><span class="title-name">Using variables in Bash</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#sec-adm-shell-grouping"><span class="title-number">1.6 </span><span class="title-name">Grouping and combining commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#sec-adm-shell-commonconstructs"><span class="title-number">1.7 </span><span class="title-name">Working with common flow constructs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#sec-adm-shell-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">1.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-adm-sudo.html"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">sudo</code> basics</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-sudo.html#sec-adm-sudo-usage"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Basic <code class="command">sudo</code> usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-sudo.html#sec-sudo-conf"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring <code class="command">sudo</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-sudo.html#sec-sudo-usecases"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">sudo</code> use cases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-sudo.html#sec-adm-sudo-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-yast-gui.html"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Using YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-gui.html#sec-yast2-gui"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">YaST interface overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-gui.html#sec-yast-gui-key-combination"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Useful key combinations</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-yast-text.html"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">YaST in text mode</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-text.html#sec-yast-cli-navigate"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Navigation in modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-text.html#sec-yast-cli-key-combination"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced key combinations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-text.html#sec-yast-cli-restricted-keys"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Restriction of key combinations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-text.html#sec-yast-cli-options"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">YaST command line options</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-yast-lang.html"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Changing language and country settings with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-lang.html#sec-yast-langmod"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the system language</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-lang.html#sec-yast-country"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the country and time settings</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing users with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#sec-yast-userman-main"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">User and group administration dialog</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#sec-yast-userman-users"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Managing user accounts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#sec-yast-userman-adv"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Additional options for user accounts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#sec-yast-userman-defaults"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">Changing default settings for local users</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#sec-yast-userman-assign"><span class="title-number">6.5 </span><span class="title-name">Assigning users to groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#sec-yast-userman-groups"><span class="title-number">6.6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#sec-yast-userman-authent"><span class="title-number">6.7 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the user authentication method</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#sec-yast-userman-defaultsystemusers"><span class="title-number">6.8 </span><span class="title-name">Default system users</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#default-system-groups"><span class="title-number">6.9 </span><span class="title-name">Default system groups</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-onlineupdate-you.html"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">YaST online update</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-onlineupdate-you.html#sec-onlineupdate-you-overview"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">The online update dialog</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-onlineupdate-you.html#sec-onlineupdate-you-install"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing patches</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-onlineupdate-you.html#sec-onlineupdate-retracted-patches"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing retracted patches</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-onlineupdate-you.html#sec-onlineupdate-you-automatically"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Automatic online update</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-yast-software.html"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Installing or removing software</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#sec-onlineupdate-terms"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Definition of terms</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#sec-yast-software-register"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Registering an installed system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#sec-yast-software-qt"><span class="title-number">8.3 </span><span class="title-name">Using the YaST software manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#sec-yast-software-instsource"><span class="title-number">8.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing software repositories and services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#sec-updater"><span class="title-number">8.5 </span><span class="title-name">The GNOME package updater</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#sec-updater-gnomesw"><span class="title-number">8.6 </span><span class="title-name">Updating packages with <span class="guimenu">GNOME Software</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-sw-cl.html"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Managing software with command line tools</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-sw-cl.html#sec-zypper"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using Zypper</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-sw-cl.html#sec-rpm"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">RPM—the package manager</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-snapper.html"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">System recovery and snapshot management with Snapper</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#sec-snapper-setup"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">Default setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#sec-snapper-undo"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using Snapper to undo changes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#sec-snapper-snapshot-boot"><span class="title-number">10.3 </span><span class="title-name">System rollback by booting from snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#sec-snapper-homedirs"><span class="title-number">10.4 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling Snapper in user home directories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#sec-snapper-config"><span class="title-number">10.5 </span><span class="title-name">Creating and modifying Snapper configurations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#sec-snapper-manage"><span class="title-number">10.6 </span><span class="title-name">Manually creating and managing snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#sec-snapper-clean-up"><span class="title-number">10.7 </span><span class="title-name">Automatic snapshot clean-up</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#id-1.3.3.11.14"><span class="title-number">10.8 </span><span class="title-name">Showing exclusive disk space used by snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#sec-snapper-faqs"><span class="title-number">10.9 </span><span class="title-name">Frequently asked questions</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-klp.html"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">Live kernel patching with KLP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-klp.html#sec-klp-advantages"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Advantages of Kernel Live Patching</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-klp.html#sec-klp-overview"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel Live Patching overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-klp.html#sec-klp-enable-with-yast2"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Activating Kernel Live Patching using YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-klp.html#sec-klp-enable-cli"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Activating Kernel Live Patching from the command line</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-klp.html#sec-klp-perform"><span class="title-number">11.5 </span><span class="title-name">Performing Kernel Live Patching</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-klp.html#sec-klp-troubleshoot"><span class="title-number">11.6 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting Kernel Live Patching issues</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-ulp.html"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">User space live patching</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ulp.html#sec-ulp"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">About user space live patching</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ulp.html#sec-ulp-info"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-transactional-updates.html"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Transactional updates</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-transactional-updates.html#sec-tu-limitations"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Limitations of technology preview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-transactional-updates.html#sec-install-tu"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling <span class="package">transactional-update</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-transactional-updates.html#sec-tu-disable"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">Managing automatic updates</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-transactional-updates.html#id-1.3.3.14.6"><span class="title-number">13.4 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="command">transactional-update</code> command</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-transactional-updates.html#sec-tu-troubleshooting"><span class="title-number">13.5 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-vnc.html"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">Remote graphical sessions with VNC</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-vnc.html#sec-vnc-viewer"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="command">vncviewer</code> client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-vnc.html#vnc-remmina"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Remmina: the remote desktop client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-vnc.html#sec-vnc-one-time"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring one-time sessions on the VNC server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-vnc.html#sec-vnc-persistent"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring persistent VNC server sessions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-vnc.html#sec-vnc-encrypt"><span class="title-number">14.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring encryption on the VNC server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-vnc.html#sec-vnc-wayland"><span class="title-number">14.6 </span><span class="title-name">Compatibility with Wayland</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-net-rsync.html"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">File copying with RSync</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-net-rsync.html#sec-net-rsync-overview"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-net-rsync.html#sec-net-rsync-syntax"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Basic syntax</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-net-rsync.html#sec-net-rsync-local-copy"><span class="title-number">15.3 </span><span class="title-name">Copying files and directories locally</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-net-rsync.html#sec-net-rsync-remote-copy"><span class="title-number">15.4 </span><span class="title-name">Copying files and directories remotely</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-net-rsync.html#sec-net-rsync-server"><span class="title-number">15.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring and using an rsync server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-net-rsync.html#sec-net-rsync-summary"><span class="title-number">15.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-boot.html"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Booting a Linux system</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-boot.html"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to the boot process</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-boot.html#sec-boot-terminology"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-boot.html#sec-boot-proc"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">The Linux boot process</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-uefi.html"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface)</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-uefi.html#sec-uefi-secboot"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name">Secure boot</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-uefi.html#sec-uefi-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-grub2.html"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">The boot loader GRUB 2</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-grub2.html#sec-grub2-new-features"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Main differences between GRUB legacy and GRUB 2</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-grub2.html#sec-grub2-file-structure"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration file structure</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-grub2.html#sec-grub2-yast2-config"><span class="title-number">18.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the boot loader with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-grub2.html#sec-grub2-commands"><span class="title-number">18.4 </span><span class="title-name">Helpful GRUB 2 commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-grub2.html#grub-rescue-target"><span class="title-number">18.5 </span><span class="title-name">Rescue mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-grub2.html#sec-grub2-info"><span class="title-number">18.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-systemd.html"><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> daemon</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-systemd.html#sec-boot-systemd-concept"><span class="title-number">19.1 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> concept</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-systemd.html#sec-boot-systemd-basics"><span class="title-number">19.2 </span><span class="title-name">Basic usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-systemd.html#sec-boot-systemd-boot"><span class="title-number">19.3 </span><span class="title-name">System start and target management</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-systemd.html#sec-boot-runlevel-edit"><span class="title-number">19.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing services with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-systemd.html#sec-boot-systemd-custom"><span class="title-number">19.5 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing <code class="systemitem">systemd</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-systemd.html#sec-boot-systemd-advanced"><span class="title-number">19.6 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-systemd.html#sec-boot-systemd-timer-units"><span class="title-number">19.7 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">systemd</code> timer units</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-systemd.html#sec-boot-systemd-info"><span class="title-number">19.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-system.html"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">System</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-64bit.html"><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">32-bit and 64-bit applications in a 64-bit system environment</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-64bit.html#sec-64bit-runt"><span class="title-number">20.1 </span><span class="title-name">Runtime support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-64bit.html#sec-64bit-kernel"><span class="title-number">20.2 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel specifications</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-journalctl.html"><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">journalctl</code>: query the <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> journal</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-journalctl.html#sec-journalctl-persistent"><span class="title-number">21.1 </span><span class="title-name">Making the journal persistent</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-journalctl.html#sec-journalctl-switches"><span class="title-number">21.2 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">journalctl</code>: useful switches</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-journalctl.html#sec-journalctl-filter"><span class="title-number">21.3 </span><span class="title-name">Filtering the journal output</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-journalctl.html#sec-journalctl-investigate"><span class="title-number">21.4 </span><span class="title-name">Investigating <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> errors</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-journalctl.html#sec-journalctl-config"><span class="title-number">21.5 </span><span class="title-name">Journald configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-journalctl.html#sec-journalctl-yast"><span class="title-number">21.6 </span><span class="title-name">Using YaST to filter the <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> journal</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-journalctl.html#sec-journalctl-gnome-logs"><span class="title-number">21.7 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing logs in GNOME</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html"><span class="title-number">22 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">update-alternatives</code>: managing multiple versions of commands and files</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html#sec-ua-concept"><span class="title-number">22.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html#sec-ua-use-cases"><span class="title-number">22.2 </span><span class="title-name">Use cases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html#sec-ua-view-all"><span class="title-number">22.3 </span><span class="title-name">Getting an overview of alternatives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html#sec-ua-view"><span class="title-number">22.4 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing details on specific alternatives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html#sec-ua-set"><span class="title-number">22.5 </span><span class="title-name">Setting the default version of alternatives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html#sec-ua-install"><span class="title-number">22.6 </span><span class="title-name">Installing custom alternatives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html#sec-ua-slave"><span class="title-number">22.7 </span><span class="title-name">Defining dependent alternatives</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-network.html"><span class="title-number">23 </span><span class="title-name">Basic networking</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-network.html#sec-network-addresses"><span class="title-number">23.1 </span><span class="title-name">IP addresses and routing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-network.html#sec-network-ipv6"><span class="title-number">23.2 </span><span class="title-name">IPv6—the next generation Internet</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-network.html#sec-network-nameres"><span class="title-number">23.3 </span><span class="title-name">Name resolution</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-network.html#sec-network-yast"><span class="title-number">23.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a network connection with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-network.html#sec-network-nm"><span class="title-number">23.5 </span><span class="title-name">NetworkManager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-network.html#sec-network-manconf"><span class="title-number">23.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a network connection manually</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-network.html#sec-network-iface-bonding"><span class="title-number">23.7 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up bonding devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-network.html#sec-network-iface-teaming"><span class="title-number">23.8 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up team devices for Network Teaming</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-print.html"><span class="title-number">24 </span><span class="title-name">Printer operation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-print.html#sec-print-workflow"><span class="title-number">24.1 </span><span class="title-name">The CUPS workflow</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-print.html#sec-print-method"><span class="title-number">24.2 </span><span class="title-name">Methods and protocols for connecting printers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-print.html#sec-print-software"><span class="title-number">24.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing the software</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-print.html#sec-print-net"><span class="title-number">24.4 </span><span class="title-name">Network printers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-print.html#sec-print-net-config-cmdl"><span class="title-number">24.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring CUPS with command line tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-print.html#sec-print-appl-commandline"><span class="title-number">24.6 </span><span class="title-name">Printing from the command line</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-print.html#sec-print-special"><span class="title-number">24.7 </span><span class="title-name">Special features in <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-print.html#sec-print-prob"><span class="title-number">24.8 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html"><span class="title-number">25 </span><span class="title-name">Graphical user interface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#sec-gui-desktop-xorg"><span class="title-number">25.1 </span><span class="title-name">X Window System</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#sec-x11-fontsys"><span class="title-number">25.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing and configuring fonts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#sec-gui-desktop-gnome"><span class="title-number">25.3 </span><span class="title-name">GNOME configuration for administrators</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#sec-gui-desktop-suse-prime"><span class="title-number">25.4 </span><span class="title-name">Switching between Intel and NVIDIA Optimus GPUs with SUSE Prime</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-fuse.html"><span class="title-number">26 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing file systems with FUSE</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-fuse.html#sec-fuse-config"><span class="title-number">26.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring FUSE</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-fuse.html#sec-fuse-ntfs"><span class="title-number">26.2 </span><span class="title-name">Mounting an NTFS partition</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-fuse.html#sec-fuse-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">26.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-multikernel.html"><span class="title-number">27 </span><span class="title-name">Installing multiple kernel versions</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-multikernel.html#sec-tuning-multikernel-enable"><span class="title-number">27.1 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling and configuring multiversion support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-multikernel.html#sec-tuning-multikernel-yast"><span class="title-number">27.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing/removing multiple kernel versions with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-multikernel.html#sec-tuning-multikernel-zypper"><span class="title-number">27.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing/removing multiple kernel versions with Zypper</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-mod.html"><span class="title-number">28 </span><span class="title-name">Managing kernel modules</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-mod.html#sec-mod-lsmod"><span class="title-number">28.1 </span><span class="title-name">Listing loaded modules with lsmod and modinfo</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-mod.html#sec-mod-modprobe"><span class="title-number">28.2 </span><span class="title-name">Adding and removing kernel modules</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-udev.html"><span class="title-number">29 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic kernel device management with <code class="systemitem">udev</code></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-devdir"><span class="title-number">29.1 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="filename">/dev</code> directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-kernel"><span class="title-number">29.2 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel <code class="systemitem">uevents</code> and <code class="systemitem">udev</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-drivers"><span class="title-number">29.3 </span><span class="title-name">Drivers, kernel modules and devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-boot"><span class="title-number">29.4 </span><span class="title-name">Booting and initial device setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-debug"><span class="title-number">29.5 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring the running <code class="systemitem">udev</code> daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-rules"><span class="title-number">29.6 </span><span class="title-name">Influencing kernel device event handling with <code class="systemitem">udev</code> rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-persdev"><span class="title-number">29.7 </span><span class="title-name">Persistent device naming</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-files"><span class="title-number">29.8 </span><span class="title-name">Files used by <code class="systemitem">udev</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">29.9 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-suse.html"><span class="title-number">30 </span><span class="title-name">Special system features</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-suse.html#sec-suse-packages"><span class="title-number">30.1 </span><span class="title-name">Information about special software packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-suse.html#sec-suse-virt-konsolen"><span class="title-number">30.2 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual consoles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-suse.html#sec-suse-kb"><span class="title-number">30.3 </span><span class="title-name">Keyboard mapping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-suse.html#sec-suse-l10n"><span class="title-number">30.4 </span><span class="title-name">Language and country-specific settings</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-nm.html"><span class="title-number">31 </span><span class="title-name">Using NetworkManager</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nm.html#sec-nm-usecase"><span class="title-number">31.1 </span><span class="title-name">Use cases for NetworkManager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nm.html#sec-nm-activate"><span class="title-number">31.2 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling or disabling NetworkManager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nm.html#sec-nm-configure"><span class="title-number">31.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring network connections</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nm.html#sec-nm-security"><span class="title-number">31.4 </span><span class="title-name">NetworkManager and security</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nm.html#sec-nm-faq"><span class="title-number">31.5 </span><span class="title-name">Frequently asked questions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nm.html#sec-nm-trouble"><span class="title-number">31.6 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nm.html#sec-nm-more"><span class="title-number">31.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-hardware.html"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Hardware configuration</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="sec-yast-hw-keym.html"><span class="title-number">32 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up your system keyboard layout</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="sec-yast-hw-sound.html"><span class="title-number">33 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up sound cards</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="sec-yast-hw-print.html"><span class="title-number">34 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a printer</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-yast-hw-print.html#sec-yast-hw-print-local"><span class="title-number">34.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring printers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-yast-hw-print.html#sec-yast-hw-print-network"><span class="title-number">34.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring printing via the network with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-yast-hw-print.html#sec-yast-hw-print-share"><span class="title-number">34.3 </span><span class="title-name">Sharing printers over the network</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="sec-yast-hw-scan.html"><span class="title-number">35 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a scanner</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-yast-hw-scan.html#sec-yast-hw-scan-hp-allinone"><span class="title-number">35.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring an HP all-in-one device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-yast-hw-scan.html#sec-yast-hw-scan-network-server"><span class="title-number">35.2 </span><span class="title-name">Sharing a scanner over the network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-yast-hw-scan.html#sec-yast-hw-scan-network-client"><span class="title-number">35.3 </span><span class="title-name">Scanning over the network</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-power-mgmt.html"><span class="title-number">36 </span><span class="title-name">Power management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-power-mgmt.html#sec-power-mgmt-save"><span class="title-number">36.1 </span><span class="title-name">Power saving functions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-power-mgmt.html#sec-power-mgmt-acpi"><span class="title-number">36.2 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced configuration and power interface (ACPI)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-power-mgmt.html#sec-power-mgmt-silenthd"><span class="title-number">36.3 </span><span class="title-name">Rest for the hard disk</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-power-mgmt.html#sec-power-mgmt-faq"><span class="title-number">36.4 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-nvdimm.html"><span class="title-number">37 </span><span class="title-name">Persistent memory</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvdimm.html#sec-nvdimm-intro"><span class="title-number">37.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvdimm.html#sec-nvdimm-terms"><span class="title-number">37.2 </span><span class="title-name">Terms</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvdimm.html#sec-nvdimm-uses"><span class="title-number">37.3 </span><span class="title-name">Use cases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvdimm.html#sec-nvdimm-tools"><span class="title-number">37.4 </span><span class="title-name">Tools for managing persistent memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvdimm.html#sec-nvdimm-setup"><span class="title-number">37.5 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up persistent memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvdimm.html#sec-nvdimm-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">37.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-services.html"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Services</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-yast-serviceman.html"><span class="title-number">38 </span><span class="title-name">Service management with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-ntp.html"><span class="title-number">39 </span><span class="title-name">Time synchronization with NTP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ntp.html#sec-ntp-yast"><span class="title-number">39.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring an NTP client with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ntp.html#sec-net-xntp-netconf"><span class="title-number">39.2 </span><span class="title-name">Manually configuring NTP in the network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ntp.html#ntp-chronyc"><span class="title-number">39.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configure <code class="systemitem">chronyd</code> at runtime using <code class="command">chronyc</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ntp.html#sec-net-xntp-dynamic"><span class="title-number">39.4 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic time synchronization at runtime</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ntp.html#sec-net-xntp-normal"><span class="title-number">39.5 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a local reference clock</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ntp.html#sec-net-xntp-etr"><span class="title-number">39.6 </span><span class="title-name">Clock synchronization to an external time reference (ETR)</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-trouble.html"><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-adminhelp.html"><span class="title-number">40 </span><span class="title-name">Help and documentation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adminhelp.html#sec-help-onboard-docdir"><span class="title-number">40.1 </span><span class="title-name">Documentation directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adminhelp.html#sec-help-onboard-manpages"><span class="title-number">40.2 </span><span class="title-name">Man pages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adminhelp.html#sec-help-onboard-infopages"><span class="title-number">40.3 </span><span class="title-name">Info pages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adminhelp.html#sec-help-online"><span class="title-number">40.4 </span><span class="title-name">Online resources</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-adm-support.html"><span class="title-number">41 </span><span class="title-name">Gathering system information for support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#sec-admsupport-hostinfo"><span class="title-number">41.1 </span><span class="title-name">Displaying current system information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#sec-admsupport-supportconfig"><span class="title-number">41.2 </span><span class="title-name">Collecting system information with supportconfig</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#sec-admsupport-submit"><span class="title-number">41.3 </span><span class="title-name">Submitting information to Global Technical Support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#sec-admsupport-sca"><span class="title-number">41.4 </span><span class="title-name">Analyzing system information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#sec-admsupport-install"><span class="title-number">41.5 </span><span class="title-name">Gathering information during the installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#sec-admsupport-kernel"><span class="title-number">41.6 </span><span class="title-name">Support of kernel modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#sec-admsupport-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">41.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-trouble.html"><span class="title-number">42 </span><span class="title-name">Common problems and their solutions</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-trouble.html#sec-trouble-info"><span class="title-number">42.1 </span><span class="title-name">Finding and gathering information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-trouble.html#sec-trouble-boot"><span class="title-number">42.2 </span><span class="title-name">Boot problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-trouble.html#sec-trouble-login"><span class="title-number">42.3 </span><span class="title-name">Login problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-trouble.html#sec-trouble-netconfig"><span class="title-number">42.4 </span><span class="title-name">Network problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-trouble.html#sec-trouble-data"><span class="title-number">42.5 </span><span class="title-name">Data problems</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="app-nwscheme.html"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">An example network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="bk01apb.html"><span class="title-number">B </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="bk01apb.html#id-1.3.10.4"><span class="title-number">B.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-yast-text.html#fig-yast2-ncurses"><span class="number">4.1 </span><span class="name">Main window of YaST in text mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-yast-text.html#fig-yast2-ncurses-inst"><span class="number">4.2 </span><span class="name">The software installation module</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#fig-y2-userman-main"><span class="number">6.1 </span><span class="name">YaST user and group administration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-onlineupdate-you.html#id-1.3.3.8.9.4"><span class="number">7.1 </span><span class="name">YaST online update</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-onlineupdate-you.html#id-1.3.3.8.11.3"><span class="number">7.2 </span><span class="name">Viewing retracted patches and history</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-onlineupdate-you.html#id-1.3.3.8.12.6.2.2"><span class="number">7.3 </span><span class="name">YaST online update configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#fig-y2-sw-packconfl"><span class="number">8.1 </span><span class="name">Conflict management of the software manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#fig-y2-sw-repo-new"><span class="number">8.2 </span><span class="name">Adding a software repository</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#id-1.3.3.9.9.6"><span class="number">8.3 </span><span class="name">Update notification on GNOME desktop</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#id-1.3.3.9.10.6"><span class="number">8.4 </span><span class="name"><span class="guimenu">GNOME Software</span>—<span class="guimenu">Updates</span> view</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-snapper.html#fig-snapper-snapshot-boot-identify"><span class="number">10.1 </span><span class="name">Boot loader: snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#fig-vnc-viewer-connectgui"><span class="number">14.1 </span><span class="name">vncviewer</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#id-1.3.3.15.4.4.3"><span class="number">14.2 </span><span class="name">Remmina's main window</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#id-1.3.3.15.4.5.3"><span class="number">14.3 </span><span class="name">Remote desktop preference</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#id-1.3.3.15.4.6.3.3"><span class="number">14.4 </span><span class="name">Quick-starting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#id-1.3.3.15.4.6.5.3"><span class="number">14.5 </span><span class="name">Remmina viewing remote session</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#id-1.3.3.15.4.8.5"><span class="number">14.6 </span><span class="name">Reading path to the profile file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#id-1.3.3.15.5.4"><span class="number">14.7 </span><span class="name">Remote administration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#id-1.3.3.15.6.4.4.3"><span class="number">14.8 </span><span class="name">VNC session settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#id-1.3.3.15.6.4.5.3"><span class="number">14.9 </span><span class="name">Joining a persistent VNC session</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-uefi.html#id-1.3.4.3.8.7.3.3"><span class="number">17.1 </span><span class="name">Secure boot support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-uefi.html#fig-uefi-secure-boot-mok2"><span class="number">17.2 </span><span class="name">UEFI: secure boot process</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-grub2.html#fig-grub2-boot-editor"><span class="number">18.1 </span><span class="name">GRUB 2 boot editor</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-grub2.html#fig-grub2-yast-boot-code-options0"><span class="number">18.2 </span><span class="name">Boot code options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-grub2.html#fig-grub2-yast-bootloader-options"><span class="number">18.3 </span><span class="name">Boot loader options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-grub2.html#fig-grub2-yast-kernel-parameters"><span class="number">18.4 </span><span class="name">Kernel parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-systemd.html#fig-yast2-runlevel"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">Services Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-journalctl.html#fig-journalctl-yast"><span class="number">21.1 </span><span class="name">YaST systemd journal</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-network.html#fig-net-basic-OSI"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Simplified layer model for TCP/IP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-network.html#fig-net-basic-TCPPaket"><span class="number">23.2 </span><span class="name">TCP/IP Ethernet packet</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-network.html#fig-yast2-neticard"><span class="number">23.3 </span><span class="name">Configuring network settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-network.html#wicked-architecture"><span class="number">23.4 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">wicked</code> architecture</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#id-1.3.5.7.5.4.3.3.1.2"><span class="number">25.1 </span><span class="name">Warning about a missing GNOME Shell extension</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#id-1.3.5.7.5.4.3.3.2.2"><span class="number">25.2 </span><span class="name">GNOME gTile extension activated</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#id-1.3.5.7.5.4.3.3.3.2"><span class="number">25.3 </span><span class="name">gTile tray icon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-tuning-multikernel.html#id-1.3.5.9.6.3.2.2"><span class="number">27.1 </span><span class="name">The YaST software manager: multiversion view</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-nm.html#id-1.3.5.13.8.6"><span class="number">31.1 </span><span class="name">GNOME Network Connections dialog</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-nm.html#id-1.3.5.13.9.8.2"><span class="number">31.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">firewalld</code> zones in NetworkManager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-yast-serviceman.html#fig-yast-serviceman"><span class="number">38.1 </span><span class="name">YaST service manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-ntp.html#id-1.3.7.3.7.4"><span class="number">39.1 </span><span class="name">NTP configuration window</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-ntp.html#id-1.3.7.3.7.7.4"><span class="number">39.2 </span><span class="name">Adding a time server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#fig-scatool-html"><span class="number">41.1 </span><span class="name">HTML report generated by SCA tool</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#fig-sca-appl-html"><span class="number">41.2 </span><span class="name">HTML report generated by SCA appliance</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#tab-adm-shell-config-loginshells"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Bash configuration files for login shells</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#tab-adm-shell-configs-nonloginshells"><span class="number">1.2 </span><span class="name">Bash configuration files for non-login shells</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#id-1.3.3.2.3.3.10"><span class="number">1.3 </span><span class="name">Special files for Bash</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#id-1.3.3.2.3.4.4"><span class="number">1.4 </span><span class="name">Overview of a standard directory tree</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#tab-adm-envars"><span class="number">1.5 </span><span class="name">Useful environment variables</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-sw-cl.html#tab-rpm-query"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Essential RPM query options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-sw-cl.html#tab-rpm-verify"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name">RPM verify options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-systemd.html#id-1.3.4.5.6.6.9"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">Service management commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-systemd.html#id-1.3.4.5.6.7.3.4"><span class="number">19.2 </span><span class="name">Commands for enabling and disabling services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-systemd.html#id-1.3.4.5.7.3.9"><span class="number">19.3 </span><span class="name">System V runlevels and <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> target units</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-network.html#tab-net-basic-privat-net"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Private IP address domains</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-network.html#tab-net-param-hostconf"><span class="number">23.2 </span><span class="name">Parameters for /etc/host.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-network.html#tab-net-nnswitch-db"><span class="number">23.3 </span><span class="name">Databases available via /etc/nsswitch.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-network.html#tab-net-nnswitch-conf"><span class="number">23.4 </span><span class="name">Configuration options for NSS <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">databases</span>”</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-network.html#tab-team-comparison"><span class="number">23.5 </span><span class="name">Feature comparison between bonding and team</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#tab-x11-fontsys-example-alias"><span class="number">25.1 </span><span class="name">Generating PFL from fontconfig rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#tab-x11-fontsys-example-alias2"><span class="number">25.2 </span><span class="name">Results from generating PFL from fontconfig rules with changed order</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#tab-x11-fontsys-example-alias3"><span class="number">25.3 </span><span class="name">Results from generating PFL from fontconfig rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-suse.html#tab-suse-packages-ulimit"><span class="number">30.1 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">ulimit</code>: Setting resources for the user</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-adminhelp.html#tab-help-mancategory"><span class="number">40.1 </span><span class="name">Man pages—categories and descriptions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#tab-admsupport-features-and-filenames"><span class="number">41.1 </span><span class="name">Comparison of features and file names in the TAR archive</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-trouble.html#tab-trouble-info"><span class="number">42.1 </span><span class="name">Log files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-trouble.html#tab-trouble-system"><span class="number">42.2 </span><span class="name">System information with the <code class="filename">/proc</code> file system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-trouble.html#tab-trouble-sysfs"><span class="number">42.3 </span><span class="name">System information with the <code class="filename">/sys</code> file system</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#id-1.3.3.2.4.3"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">A shell script printing a text</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-sw-cl.html#ex-zypper-repos"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Zypper—list of known repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-sw-cl.html#aus-update-rpm-i"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">rpm -q -i wget</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-sw-cl.html#dat-rpm-search"><span class="number">9.3 </span><span class="name">Script to search for packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-snapper.html#ex-snapper-config-timeline"><span class="number">10.1 </span><span class="name">Example timeline configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-grub2.html#id-1.3.4.4.6.2.1.2.2"><span class="number">18.1 </span><span class="name">Usage of grub2-mkconfig</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-grub2.html#id-1.3.4.4.6.2.2.2.2"><span class="number">18.2 </span><span class="name">Usage of grub2-mkrescue</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-grub2.html#id-1.3.4.4.6.2.3.2.2"><span class="number">18.3 </span><span class="name">Usage of grub2-script-check</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-grub2.html#id-1.3.4.4.6.2.4.2.2"><span class="number">18.4 </span><span class="name">Usage of grub2-once</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-systemd.html#id-1.3.4.5.7.4.3.3"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">List active services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-systemd.html#id-1.3.4.5.7.4.3.5"><span class="number">19.2 </span><span class="name">List failed services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-systemd.html#id-1.3.4.5.10.8.5"><span class="number">19.3 </span><span class="name">List all processes belonging to a service</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html#id-1.3.5.4.3.9"><span class="number">22.1 </span><span class="name">Alternatives System of the <code class="command">java</code> command</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#aus-net-basic-ipaddress"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Writing IP addresses</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#tab-net-basic-netmask"><span class="number">23.2 </span><span class="name">Linking IP addresses to the netmask</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#aus-net-ipv6-add"><span class="number">23.3 </span><span class="name">Sample IPv6 address</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#aus-net-ipv6-addpre"><span class="number">23.4 </span><span class="name">IPv6 address specifying the prefix length</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#id-1.3.5.5.18.5.10.9"><span class="number">23.5 </span><span class="name">Common network interfaces and some static routes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#dat-net-etc-resolv-conf"><span class="number">23.6 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/var/run/netconfig/resolv.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#dat-net-etc-hosts"><span class="number">23.7 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/etc/hosts</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#dat-net-networks"><span class="number">23.8 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/etc/networks</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#dat-net-etc-hostconf"><span class="number">23.9 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/etc/host.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#dat-net-nsswitchconf"><span class="number">23.10 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/etc/nsswitch.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#ex-basicnet-manconf-ping"><span class="number">23.11 </span><span class="name">Output of the command ping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#ex-team-lb"><span class="number">23.12 </span><span class="name">Configuration for load balancing with Network Teaming</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#ex-team-failover"><span class="number">23.13 </span><span class="name">Configuration for DHCP Network Teaming device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-print.html#aus-d-lpd"><span class="number">24.1 </span><span class="name">Error message from <code class="command">lpd</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-print.html#aus-d-bcast"><span class="number">24.2 </span><span class="name">Broadcast from the CUPS network server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#ex-x11-fontsys-fontconfig-rendering-algorithms"><span class="number">25.1 </span><span class="name">Specifying rendering algorithms</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#ex-x11-fontsys-fontconfig-aliases1"><span class="number">25.2 </span><span class="name">Aliases and family name substitutions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#ex-x11-fontsys-fontconfig-aliases2"><span class="number">25.3 </span><span class="name">Aliases and family name substitutions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#ex-x11-fontsys-fontconfig-aliases3"><span class="number">25.4 </span><span class="name">Aliases and family names substitutions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-udev.html#ex-rules"><span class="number">29.1 </span><span class="name">Example <code class="systemitem">udev</code> rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-suse.html#ex-suse-packages-cron"><span class="number">30.1 </span><span class="name">Entry in /etc/crontab</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-suse.html#ex-suse-packages-cron-time"><span class="number">30.2 </span><span class="name">/etc/crontab: remove time stamp files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-suse.html#ex-u-ulimit-bashrc"><span class="number">30.3 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">ulimit</code>: Settings in <code class="filename">~/.bashrc</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#ex-support-hostinfo"><span class="number">41.1 </span><span class="name">Output of <code class="command">hostinfo</code> when logging in as <code class="systemitem">root</code></span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.3.1.5"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-administration/index.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-administration/index.html
index 869ded9561..36dbb837e3 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-administration/index.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-administration/index.html
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@
     This guide covers system administration tasks
      like maintaining, monitoring and customizing an initially installed
      system.
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-administration.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Administration Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-administration.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Administration Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="preface-administration.html"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-administration.html#id-1.3.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-administration.html#id-1.3.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-administration.html#id-1.3.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-administration.html#id-1.3.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-administration.html"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Common tasks</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Bash and Bash scripts</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#sec-adm-whatistheshell"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">What is <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">the shell</span>”</span>?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#sec-adm-shellscripts"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Writing shell scripts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#sec-adm-shell-redirect"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Redirecting command events</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#sec-adm-alias"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using aliases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#sec-adm-variables"><span class="title-number">1.5 </span><span class="title-name">Using variables in Bash</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#sec-adm-shell-grouping"><span class="title-number">1.6 </span><span class="title-name">Grouping and combining commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#sec-adm-shell-commonconstructs"><span class="title-number">1.7 </span><span class="title-name">Working with common flow constructs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#sec-adm-shell-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">1.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-adm-sudo.html"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">sudo</code> basics</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-sudo.html#sec-adm-sudo-usage"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Basic <code class="command">sudo</code> usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-sudo.html#sec-sudo-conf"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring <code class="command">sudo</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-sudo.html#sec-sudo-usecases"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">sudo</code> use cases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-sudo.html#sec-adm-sudo-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-yast-gui.html"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Using YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-gui.html#sec-yast2-gui"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">YaST interface overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-gui.html#sec-yast-gui-key-combination"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Useful key combinations</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-yast-text.html"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">YaST in text mode</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-text.html#sec-yast-cli-navigate"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Navigation in modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-text.html#sec-yast-cli-key-combination"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced key combinations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-text.html#sec-yast-cli-restricted-keys"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Restriction of key combinations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-text.html#sec-yast-cli-options"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">YaST command line options</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-yast-lang.html"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Changing language and country settings with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-lang.html#sec-yast-langmod"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the system language</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-lang.html#sec-yast-country"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the country and time settings</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing users with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#sec-yast-userman-main"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">User and group administration dialog</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#sec-yast-userman-users"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Managing user accounts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#sec-yast-userman-adv"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Additional options for user accounts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#sec-yast-userman-defaults"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">Changing default settings for local users</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#sec-yast-userman-assign"><span class="title-number">6.5 </span><span class="title-name">Assigning users to groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#sec-yast-userman-groups"><span class="title-number">6.6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#sec-yast-userman-authent"><span class="title-number">6.7 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the user authentication method</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#sec-yast-userman-defaultsystemusers"><span class="title-number">6.8 </span><span class="title-name">Default system users</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#default-system-groups"><span class="title-number">6.9 </span><span class="title-name">Default system groups</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-onlineupdate-you.html"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">YaST online update</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-onlineupdate-you.html#sec-onlineupdate-you-overview"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">The online update dialog</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-onlineupdate-you.html#sec-onlineupdate-you-install"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing patches</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-onlineupdate-you.html#sec-onlineupdate-retracted-patches"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing retracted patches</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-onlineupdate-you.html#sec-onlineupdate-you-automatically"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Automatic online update</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-yast-software.html"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Installing or removing software</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#sec-onlineupdate-terms"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Definition of terms</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#sec-yast-software-register"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Registering an installed system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#sec-yast-software-qt"><span class="title-number">8.3 </span><span class="title-name">Using the YaST software manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#sec-yast-software-instsource"><span class="title-number">8.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing software repositories and services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#sec-updater"><span class="title-number">8.5 </span><span class="title-name">The GNOME package updater</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#sec-updater-gnomesw"><span class="title-number">8.6 </span><span class="title-name">Updating packages with <span class="guimenu">GNOME Software</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-sw-cl.html"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Managing software with command line tools</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-sw-cl.html#sec-zypper"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using Zypper</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-sw-cl.html#sec-rpm"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">RPM—the package manager</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-snapper.html"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">System recovery and snapshot management with Snapper</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#sec-snapper-setup"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">Default setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#sec-snapper-undo"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using Snapper to undo changes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#sec-snapper-snapshot-boot"><span class="title-number">10.3 </span><span class="title-name">System rollback by booting from snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#sec-snapper-homedirs"><span class="title-number">10.4 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling Snapper in user home directories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#sec-snapper-config"><span class="title-number">10.5 </span><span class="title-name">Creating and modifying Snapper configurations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#sec-snapper-manage"><span class="title-number">10.6 </span><span class="title-name">Manually creating and managing snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#sec-snapper-clean-up"><span class="title-number">10.7 </span><span class="title-name">Automatic snapshot clean-up</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#id-1.3.3.11.14"><span class="title-number">10.8 </span><span class="title-name">Showing exclusive disk space used by snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#sec-snapper-faqs"><span class="title-number">10.9 </span><span class="title-name">Frequently asked questions</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-klp.html"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">Live kernel patching with KLP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-klp.html#sec-klp-advantages"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Advantages of Kernel Live Patching</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-klp.html#sec-klp-overview"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel Live Patching overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-klp.html#sec-klp-enable-with-yast2"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Activating Kernel Live Patching using YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-klp.html#sec-klp-enable-cli"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Activating Kernel Live Patching from the command line</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-klp.html#sec-klp-perform"><span class="title-number">11.5 </span><span class="title-name">Performing Kernel Live Patching</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-klp.html#sec-klp-troubleshoot"><span class="title-number">11.6 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting Kernel Live Patching issues</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-ulp.html"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">User space live patching</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ulp.html#sec-ulp"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">About user space live patching</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ulp.html#sec-ulp-info"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-transactional-updates.html"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Transactional updates</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-transactional-updates.html#sec-tu-limitations"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Limitations of technology preview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-transactional-updates.html#sec-install-tu"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling <span class="package">transactional-update</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-transactional-updates.html#sec-tu-disable"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">Managing automatic updates</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-transactional-updates.html#id-1.3.3.14.6"><span class="title-number">13.4 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="command">transactional-update</code> command</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-transactional-updates.html#sec-tu-troubleshooting"><span class="title-number">13.5 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-vnc.html"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">Remote graphical sessions with VNC</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-vnc.html#sec-vnc-viewer"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="command">vncviewer</code> client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-vnc.html#vnc-remmina"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Remmina: the remote desktop client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-vnc.html#sec-vnc-one-time"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring one-time sessions on the VNC server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-vnc.html#sec-vnc-persistent"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring persistent VNC server sessions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-vnc.html#sec-vnc-encrypt"><span class="title-number">14.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring encryption on the VNC server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-vnc.html#sec-vnc-wayland"><span class="title-number">14.6 </span><span class="title-name">Compatibility with Wayland</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-net-rsync.html"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">File copying with RSync</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-net-rsync.html#sec-net-rsync-overview"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-net-rsync.html#sec-net-rsync-syntax"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Basic syntax</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-net-rsync.html#sec-net-rsync-local-copy"><span class="title-number">15.3 </span><span class="title-name">Copying files and directories locally</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-net-rsync.html#sec-net-rsync-remote-copy"><span class="title-number">15.4 </span><span class="title-name">Copying files and directories remotely</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-net-rsync.html#sec-net-rsync-server"><span class="title-number">15.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring and using an rsync server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-net-rsync.html#sec-net-rsync-summary"><span class="title-number">15.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-boot.html"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Booting a Linux system</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-boot.html"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to the boot process</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-boot.html#sec-boot-terminology"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-boot.html#sec-boot-proc"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">The Linux boot process</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-uefi.html"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface)</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-uefi.html#sec-uefi-secboot"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name">Secure boot</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-uefi.html#sec-uefi-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-grub2.html"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">The boot loader GRUB 2</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-grub2.html#sec-grub2-new-features"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Main differences between GRUB legacy and GRUB 2</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-grub2.html#sec-grub2-file-structure"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration file structure</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-grub2.html#sec-grub2-yast2-config"><span class="title-number">18.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the boot loader with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-grub2.html#sec-grub2-commands"><span class="title-number">18.4 </span><span class="title-name">Helpful GRUB 2 commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-grub2.html#grub-rescue-target"><span class="title-number">18.5 </span><span class="title-name">Rescue mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-grub2.html#sec-grub2-info"><span class="title-number">18.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-systemd.html"><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> daemon</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-systemd.html#sec-boot-systemd-concept"><span class="title-number">19.1 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> concept</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-systemd.html#sec-boot-systemd-basics"><span class="title-number">19.2 </span><span class="title-name">Basic usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-systemd.html#sec-boot-systemd-boot"><span class="title-number">19.3 </span><span class="title-name">System start and target management</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-systemd.html#sec-boot-runlevel-edit"><span class="title-number">19.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing services with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-systemd.html#sec-boot-systemd-custom"><span class="title-number">19.5 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing <code class="systemitem">systemd</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-systemd.html#sec-boot-systemd-advanced"><span class="title-number">19.6 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-systemd.html#sec-boot-systemd-timer-units"><span class="title-number">19.7 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">systemd</code> timer units</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-systemd.html#sec-boot-systemd-info"><span class="title-number">19.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-system.html"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">System</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-64bit.html"><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">32-bit and 64-bit applications in a 64-bit system environment</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-64bit.html#sec-64bit-runt"><span class="title-number">20.1 </span><span class="title-name">Runtime support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-64bit.html#sec-64bit-kernel"><span class="title-number">20.2 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel specifications</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-journalctl.html"><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">journalctl</code>: query the <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> journal</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-journalctl.html#sec-journalctl-persistent"><span class="title-number">21.1 </span><span class="title-name">Making the journal persistent</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-journalctl.html#sec-journalctl-switches"><span class="title-number">21.2 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">journalctl</code>: useful switches</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-journalctl.html#sec-journalctl-filter"><span class="title-number">21.3 </span><span class="title-name">Filtering the journal output</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-journalctl.html#sec-journalctl-investigate"><span class="title-number">21.4 </span><span class="title-name">Investigating <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> errors</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-journalctl.html#sec-journalctl-config"><span class="title-number">21.5 </span><span class="title-name">Journald configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-journalctl.html#sec-journalctl-yast"><span class="title-number">21.6 </span><span class="title-name">Using YaST to filter the <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> journal</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-journalctl.html#sec-journalctl-gnome-logs"><span class="title-number">21.7 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing logs in GNOME</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html"><span class="title-number">22 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">update-alternatives</code>: managing multiple versions of commands and files</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html#sec-ua-concept"><span class="title-number">22.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html#sec-ua-use-cases"><span class="title-number">22.2 </span><span class="title-name">Use cases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html#sec-ua-view-all"><span class="title-number">22.3 </span><span class="title-name">Getting an overview of alternatives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html#sec-ua-view"><span class="title-number">22.4 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing details on specific alternatives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html#sec-ua-set"><span class="title-number">22.5 </span><span class="title-name">Setting the default version of alternatives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html#sec-ua-install"><span class="title-number">22.6 </span><span class="title-name">Installing custom alternatives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html#sec-ua-slave"><span class="title-number">22.7 </span><span class="title-name">Defining dependent alternatives</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-network.html"><span class="title-number">23 </span><span class="title-name">Basic networking</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-network.html#sec-network-addresses"><span class="title-number">23.1 </span><span class="title-name">IP addresses and routing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-network.html#sec-network-ipv6"><span class="title-number">23.2 </span><span class="title-name">IPv6—the next generation Internet</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-network.html#sec-network-nameres"><span class="title-number">23.3 </span><span class="title-name">Name resolution</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-network.html#sec-network-yast"><span class="title-number">23.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a network connection with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-network.html#sec-network-nm"><span class="title-number">23.5 </span><span class="title-name">NetworkManager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-network.html#sec-network-manconf"><span class="title-number">23.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a network connection manually</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-network.html#sec-network-iface-bonding"><span class="title-number">23.7 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up bonding devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-network.html#sec-network-iface-teaming"><span class="title-number">23.8 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up team devices for Network Teaming</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-print.html"><span class="title-number">24 </span><span class="title-name">Printer operation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-print.html#sec-print-workflow"><span class="title-number">24.1 </span><span class="title-name">The CUPS workflow</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-print.html#sec-print-method"><span class="title-number">24.2 </span><span class="title-name">Methods and protocols for connecting printers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-print.html#sec-print-software"><span class="title-number">24.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing the software</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-print.html#sec-print-net"><span class="title-number">24.4 </span><span class="title-name">Network printers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-print.html#sec-print-net-config-cmdl"><span class="title-number">24.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring CUPS with command line tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-print.html#sec-print-appl-commandline"><span class="title-number">24.6 </span><span class="title-name">Printing from the command line</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-print.html#sec-print-special"><span class="title-number">24.7 </span><span class="title-name">Special features in <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-print.html#sec-print-prob"><span class="title-number">24.8 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html"><span class="title-number">25 </span><span class="title-name">Graphical user interface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#sec-gui-desktop-xorg"><span class="title-number">25.1 </span><span class="title-name">X Window System</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#sec-x11-fontsys"><span class="title-number">25.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing and configuring fonts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#sec-gui-desktop-gnome"><span class="title-number">25.3 </span><span class="title-name">GNOME configuration for administrators</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#sec-gui-desktop-suse-prime"><span class="title-number">25.4 </span><span class="title-name">Switching between Intel and NVIDIA Optimus GPUs with SUSE Prime</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-fuse.html"><span class="title-number">26 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing file systems with FUSE</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-fuse.html#sec-fuse-config"><span class="title-number">26.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring FUSE</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-fuse.html#sec-fuse-ntfs"><span class="title-number">26.2 </span><span class="title-name">Mounting an NTFS partition</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-fuse.html#sec-fuse-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">26.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-multikernel.html"><span class="title-number">27 </span><span class="title-name">Installing multiple kernel versions</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-multikernel.html#sec-tuning-multikernel-enable"><span class="title-number">27.1 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling and configuring multiversion support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-multikernel.html#sec-tuning-multikernel-yast"><span class="title-number">27.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing/removing multiple kernel versions with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-multikernel.html#sec-tuning-multikernel-zypper"><span class="title-number">27.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing/removing multiple kernel versions with Zypper</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-mod.html"><span class="title-number">28 </span><span class="title-name">Managing kernel modules</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-mod.html#sec-mod-lsmod"><span class="title-number">28.1 </span><span class="title-name">Listing loaded modules with lsmod and modinfo</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-mod.html#sec-mod-modprobe"><span class="title-number">28.2 </span><span class="title-name">Adding and removing kernel modules</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-udev.html"><span class="title-number">29 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic kernel device management with <code class="systemitem">udev</code></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-devdir"><span class="title-number">29.1 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="filename">/dev</code> directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-kernel"><span class="title-number">29.2 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel <code class="systemitem">uevents</code> and <code class="systemitem">udev</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-drivers"><span class="title-number">29.3 </span><span class="title-name">Drivers, kernel modules and devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-boot"><span class="title-number">29.4 </span><span class="title-name">Booting and initial device setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-debug"><span class="title-number">29.5 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring the running <code class="systemitem">udev</code> daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-rules"><span class="title-number">29.6 </span><span class="title-name">Influencing kernel device event handling with <code class="systemitem">udev</code> rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-persdev"><span class="title-number">29.7 </span><span class="title-name">Persistent device naming</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-files"><span class="title-number">29.8 </span><span class="title-name">Files used by <code class="systemitem">udev</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">29.9 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-suse.html"><span class="title-number">30 </span><span class="title-name">Special system features</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-suse.html#sec-suse-packages"><span class="title-number">30.1 </span><span class="title-name">Information about special software packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-suse.html#sec-suse-virt-konsolen"><span class="title-number">30.2 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual consoles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-suse.html#sec-suse-kb"><span class="title-number">30.3 </span><span class="title-name">Keyboard mapping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-suse.html#sec-suse-l10n"><span class="title-number">30.4 </span><span class="title-name">Language and country-specific settings</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-nm.html"><span class="title-number">31 </span><span class="title-name">Using NetworkManager</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nm.html#sec-nm-usecase"><span class="title-number">31.1 </span><span class="title-name">Use cases for NetworkManager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nm.html#sec-nm-activate"><span class="title-number">31.2 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling or disabling NetworkManager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nm.html#sec-nm-configure"><span class="title-number">31.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring network connections</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nm.html#sec-nm-security"><span class="title-number">31.4 </span><span class="title-name">NetworkManager and security</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nm.html#sec-nm-faq"><span class="title-number">31.5 </span><span class="title-name">Frequently asked questions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nm.html#sec-nm-trouble"><span class="title-number">31.6 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nm.html#sec-nm-more"><span class="title-number">31.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-hardware.html"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Hardware configuration</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="sec-yast-hw-keym.html"><span class="title-number">32 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up your system keyboard layout</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="sec-yast-hw-sound.html"><span class="title-number">33 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up sound cards</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="sec-yast-hw-print.html"><span class="title-number">34 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a printer</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-yast-hw-print.html#sec-yast-hw-print-local"><span class="title-number">34.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring printers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-yast-hw-print.html#sec-yast-hw-print-network"><span class="title-number">34.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring printing via the network with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-yast-hw-print.html#sec-yast-hw-print-share"><span class="title-number">34.3 </span><span class="title-name">Sharing printers over the network</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="sec-yast-hw-scan.html"><span class="title-number">35 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a scanner</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-yast-hw-scan.html#sec-yast-hw-scan-hp-allinone"><span class="title-number">35.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring an HP all-in-one device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-yast-hw-scan.html#sec-yast-hw-scan-network-server"><span class="title-number">35.2 </span><span class="title-name">Sharing a scanner over the network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-yast-hw-scan.html#sec-yast-hw-scan-network-client"><span class="title-number">35.3 </span><span class="title-name">Scanning over the network</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-power-mgmt.html"><span class="title-number">36 </span><span class="title-name">Power management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-power-mgmt.html#sec-power-mgmt-save"><span class="title-number">36.1 </span><span class="title-name">Power saving functions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-power-mgmt.html#sec-power-mgmt-acpi"><span class="title-number">36.2 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced configuration and power interface (ACPI)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-power-mgmt.html#sec-power-mgmt-silenthd"><span class="title-number">36.3 </span><span class="title-name">Rest for the hard disk</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-power-mgmt.html#sec-power-mgmt-faq"><span class="title-number">36.4 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-nvdimm.html"><span class="title-number">37 </span><span class="title-name">Persistent memory</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvdimm.html#sec-nvdimm-intro"><span class="title-number">37.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvdimm.html#sec-nvdimm-terms"><span class="title-number">37.2 </span><span class="title-name">Terms</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvdimm.html#sec-nvdimm-uses"><span class="title-number">37.3 </span><span class="title-name">Use cases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvdimm.html#sec-nvdimm-tools"><span class="title-number">37.4 </span><span class="title-name">Tools for managing persistent memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvdimm.html#sec-nvdimm-setup"><span class="title-number">37.5 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up persistent memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvdimm.html#sec-nvdimm-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">37.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-services.html"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Services</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-yast-serviceman.html"><span class="title-number">38 </span><span class="title-name">Service management with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-ntp.html"><span class="title-number">39 </span><span class="title-name">Time synchronization with NTP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ntp.html#sec-ntp-yast"><span class="title-number">39.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring an NTP client with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ntp.html#sec-net-xntp-netconf"><span class="title-number">39.2 </span><span class="title-name">Manually configuring NTP in the network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ntp.html#ntp-chronyc"><span class="title-number">39.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configure <code class="systemitem">chronyd</code> at runtime using <code class="command">chronyc</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ntp.html#sec-net-xntp-dynamic"><span class="title-number">39.4 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic time synchronization at runtime</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ntp.html#sec-net-xntp-normal"><span class="title-number">39.5 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a local reference clock</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ntp.html#sec-net-xntp-etr"><span class="title-number">39.6 </span><span class="title-name">Clock synchronization to an external time reference (ETR)</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-trouble.html"><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-adminhelp.html"><span class="title-number">40 </span><span class="title-name">Help and documentation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adminhelp.html#sec-help-onboard-docdir"><span class="title-number">40.1 </span><span class="title-name">Documentation directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adminhelp.html#sec-help-onboard-manpages"><span class="title-number">40.2 </span><span class="title-name">Man pages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adminhelp.html#sec-help-onboard-infopages"><span class="title-number">40.3 </span><span class="title-name">Info pages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adminhelp.html#sec-help-online"><span class="title-number">40.4 </span><span class="title-name">Online resources</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-adm-support.html"><span class="title-number">41 </span><span class="title-name">Gathering system information for support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#sec-admsupport-hostinfo"><span class="title-number">41.1 </span><span class="title-name">Displaying current system information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#sec-admsupport-supportconfig"><span class="title-number">41.2 </span><span class="title-name">Collecting system information with supportconfig</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#sec-admsupport-submit"><span class="title-number">41.3 </span><span class="title-name">Submitting information to Global Technical Support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#sec-admsupport-sca"><span class="title-number">41.4 </span><span class="title-name">Analyzing system information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#sec-admsupport-install"><span class="title-number">41.5 </span><span class="title-name">Gathering information during the installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#sec-admsupport-kernel"><span class="title-number">41.6 </span><span class="title-name">Support of kernel modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#sec-admsupport-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">41.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-trouble.html"><span class="title-number">42 </span><span class="title-name">Common problems and their solutions</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-trouble.html#sec-trouble-info"><span class="title-number">42.1 </span><span class="title-name">Finding and gathering information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-trouble.html#sec-trouble-boot"><span class="title-number">42.2 </span><span class="title-name">Boot problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-trouble.html#sec-trouble-login"><span class="title-number">42.3 </span><span class="title-name">Login problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-trouble.html#sec-trouble-netconfig"><span class="title-number">42.4 </span><span class="title-name">Network problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-trouble.html#sec-trouble-data"><span class="title-number">42.5 </span><span class="title-name">Data problems</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="app-nwscheme.html"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">An example network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="bk01apb.html"><span class="title-number">B </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="bk01apb.html#id-1.3.10.4"><span class="title-number">B.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-yast-text.html#fig-yast2-ncurses"><span class="number">4.1 </span><span class="name">Main window of YaST in text mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-yast-text.html#fig-yast2-ncurses-inst"><span class="number">4.2 </span><span class="name">The software installation module</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#fig-y2-userman-main"><span class="number">6.1 </span><span class="name">YaST user and group administration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-onlineupdate-you.html#id-1.3.3.8.9.4"><span class="number">7.1 </span><span class="name">YaST online update</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-onlineupdate-you.html#id-1.3.3.8.11.3"><span class="number">7.2 </span><span class="name">Viewing retracted patches and history</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-onlineupdate-you.html#id-1.3.3.8.12.6.2.2"><span class="number">7.3 </span><span class="name">YaST online update configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#fig-y2-sw-packconfl"><span class="number">8.1 </span><span class="name">Conflict management of the software manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#fig-y2-sw-repo-new"><span class="number">8.2 </span><span class="name">Adding a software repository</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#id-1.3.3.9.9.6"><span class="number">8.3 </span><span class="name">Update notification on GNOME desktop</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#id-1.3.3.9.10.6"><span class="number">8.4 </span><span class="name"><span class="guimenu">GNOME Software</span>—<span class="guimenu">Updates</span> view</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-snapper.html#fig-snapper-snapshot-boot-identify"><span class="number">10.1 </span><span class="name">Boot loader: snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#fig-vnc-viewer-connectgui"><span class="number">14.1 </span><span class="name">vncviewer</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#id-1.3.3.15.4.4.3"><span class="number">14.2 </span><span class="name">Remmina's main window</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#id-1.3.3.15.4.5.3"><span class="number">14.3 </span><span class="name">Remote desktop preference</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#id-1.3.3.15.4.6.3.3"><span class="number">14.4 </span><span class="name">Quick-starting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#id-1.3.3.15.4.6.5.3"><span class="number">14.5 </span><span class="name">Remmina viewing remote session</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#id-1.3.3.15.4.8.5"><span class="number">14.6 </span><span class="name">Reading path to the profile file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#id-1.3.3.15.5.4"><span class="number">14.7 </span><span class="name">Remote administration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#id-1.3.3.15.6.4.4.3"><span class="number">14.8 </span><span class="name">VNC session settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#id-1.3.3.15.6.4.5.3"><span class="number">14.9 </span><span class="name">Joining a persistent VNC session</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-uefi.html#id-1.3.4.3.8.7.3.3"><span class="number">17.1 </span><span class="name">Secure boot support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-uefi.html#fig-uefi-secure-boot-mok2"><span class="number">17.2 </span><span class="name">UEFI: secure boot process</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-grub2.html#fig-grub2-boot-editor"><span class="number">18.1 </span><span class="name">GRUB 2 boot editor</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-grub2.html#fig-grub2-yast-boot-code-options0"><span class="number">18.2 </span><span class="name">Boot code options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-grub2.html#fig-grub2-yast-bootloader-options"><span class="number">18.3 </span><span class="name">Boot loader options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-grub2.html#fig-grub2-yast-kernel-parameters"><span class="number">18.4 </span><span class="name">Kernel parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-systemd.html#fig-yast2-runlevel"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">Services Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-journalctl.html#fig-journalctl-yast"><span class="number">21.1 </span><span class="name">YaST systemd journal</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-network.html#fig-net-basic-OSI"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Simplified layer model for TCP/IP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-network.html#fig-net-basic-TCPPaket"><span class="number">23.2 </span><span class="name">TCP/IP Ethernet packet</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-network.html#fig-yast2-neticard"><span class="number">23.3 </span><span class="name">Configuring network settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-network.html#wicked-architecture"><span class="number">23.4 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">wicked</code> architecture</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#id-1.3.5.7.5.4.3.3.1.2"><span class="number">25.1 </span><span class="name">Warning about a missing GNOME Shell extension</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#id-1.3.5.7.5.4.3.3.2.2"><span class="number">25.2 </span><span class="name">GNOME gTile extension activated</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#id-1.3.5.7.5.4.3.3.3.2"><span class="number">25.3 </span><span class="name">gTile tray icon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-tuning-multikernel.html#id-1.3.5.9.6.3.2.2"><span class="number">27.1 </span><span class="name">The YaST software manager: multiversion view</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-nm.html#id-1.3.5.13.8.6"><span class="number">31.1 </span><span class="name">GNOME Network Connections dialog</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-nm.html#id-1.3.5.13.9.8.2"><span class="number">31.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">firewalld</code> zones in NetworkManager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-yast-serviceman.html#fig-yast-serviceman"><span class="number">38.1 </span><span class="name">YaST service manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-ntp.html#id-1.3.7.3.7.4"><span class="number">39.1 </span><span class="name">NTP configuration window</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-ntp.html#id-1.3.7.3.7.7.4"><span class="number">39.2 </span><span class="name">Adding a time server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#fig-scatool-html"><span class="number">41.1 </span><span class="name">HTML report generated by SCA tool</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#fig-sca-appl-html"><span class="number">41.2 </span><span class="name">HTML report generated by SCA appliance</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#tab-adm-shell-config-loginshells"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Bash configuration files for login shells</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#tab-adm-shell-configs-nonloginshells"><span class="number">1.2 </span><span class="name">Bash configuration files for non-login shells</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#id-1.3.3.2.3.3.10"><span class="number">1.3 </span><span class="name">Special files for Bash</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#id-1.3.3.2.3.4.4"><span class="number">1.4 </span><span class="name">Overview of a standard directory tree</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#tab-adm-envars"><span class="number">1.5 </span><span class="name">Useful environment variables</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-sw-cl.html#tab-rpm-query"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Essential RPM query options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-sw-cl.html#tab-rpm-verify"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name">RPM verify options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-systemd.html#id-1.3.4.5.6.6.9"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">Service management commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-systemd.html#id-1.3.4.5.6.7.3.4"><span class="number">19.2 </span><span class="name">Commands for enabling and disabling services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-systemd.html#id-1.3.4.5.7.3.9"><span class="number">19.3 </span><span class="name">System V runlevels and <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> target units</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-network.html#tab-net-basic-privat-net"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Private IP address domains</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-network.html#tab-net-param-hostconf"><span class="number">23.2 </span><span class="name">Parameters for /etc/host.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-network.html#tab-net-nnswitch-db"><span class="number">23.3 </span><span class="name">Databases available via /etc/nsswitch.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-network.html#tab-net-nnswitch-conf"><span class="number">23.4 </span><span class="name">Configuration options for NSS <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">databases</span>”</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-network.html#tab-team-comparison"><span class="number">23.5 </span><span class="name">Feature comparison between bonding and team</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#tab-x11-fontsys-example-alias"><span class="number">25.1 </span><span class="name">Generating PFL from fontconfig rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#tab-x11-fontsys-example-alias2"><span class="number">25.2 </span><span class="name">Results from generating PFL from fontconfig rules with changed order</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#tab-x11-fontsys-example-alias3"><span class="number">25.3 </span><span class="name">Results from generating PFL from fontconfig rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-suse.html#tab-suse-packages-ulimit"><span class="number">30.1 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">ulimit</code>: Setting resources for the user</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-adminhelp.html#tab-help-mancategory"><span class="number">40.1 </span><span class="name">Man pages—categories and descriptions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#tab-admsupport-features-and-filenames"><span class="number">41.1 </span><span class="name">Comparison of features and file names in the TAR archive</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-trouble.html#tab-trouble-info"><span class="number">42.1 </span><span class="name">Log files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-trouble.html#tab-trouble-system"><span class="number">42.2 </span><span class="name">System information with the <code class="filename">/proc</code> file system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-trouble.html#tab-trouble-sysfs"><span class="number">42.3 </span><span class="name">System information with the <code class="filename">/sys</code> file system</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#id-1.3.3.2.4.3"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">A shell script printing a text</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-sw-cl.html#ex-zypper-repos"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Zypper—list of known repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-sw-cl.html#aus-update-rpm-i"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">rpm -q -i wget</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-sw-cl.html#dat-rpm-search"><span class="number">9.3 </span><span class="name">Script to search for packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-snapper.html#ex-snapper-config-timeline"><span class="number">10.1 </span><span class="name">Example timeline configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-grub2.html#id-1.3.4.4.6.2.1.2.2"><span class="number">18.1 </span><span class="name">Usage of grub2-mkconfig</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-grub2.html#id-1.3.4.4.6.2.2.2.2"><span class="number">18.2 </span><span class="name">Usage of grub2-mkrescue</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-grub2.html#id-1.3.4.4.6.2.3.2.2"><span class="number">18.3 </span><span class="name">Usage of grub2-script-check</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-grub2.html#id-1.3.4.4.6.2.4.2.2"><span class="number">18.4 </span><span class="name">Usage of grub2-once</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-systemd.html#id-1.3.4.5.7.4.3.3"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">List active services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-systemd.html#id-1.3.4.5.7.4.3.5"><span class="number">19.2 </span><span class="name">List failed services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-systemd.html#id-1.3.4.5.10.8.5"><span class="number">19.3 </span><span class="name">List all processes belonging to a service</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html#id-1.3.5.4.3.9"><span class="number">22.1 </span><span class="name">Alternatives System of the <code class="command">java</code> command</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#aus-net-basic-ipaddress"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Writing IP addresses</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#tab-net-basic-netmask"><span class="number">23.2 </span><span class="name">Linking IP addresses to the netmask</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#aus-net-ipv6-add"><span class="number">23.3 </span><span class="name">Sample IPv6 address</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#aus-net-ipv6-addpre"><span class="number">23.4 </span><span class="name">IPv6 address specifying the prefix length</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#id-1.3.5.5.18.5.10.9"><span class="number">23.5 </span><span class="name">Common network interfaces and some static routes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#dat-net-etc-resolv-conf"><span class="number">23.6 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/var/run/netconfig/resolv.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#dat-net-etc-hosts"><span class="number">23.7 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/etc/hosts</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#dat-net-networks"><span class="number">23.8 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/etc/networks</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#dat-net-etc-hostconf"><span class="number">23.9 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/etc/host.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#dat-net-nsswitchconf"><span class="number">23.10 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/etc/nsswitch.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#ex-basicnet-manconf-ping"><span class="number">23.11 </span><span class="name">Output of the command ping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#ex-team-lb"><span class="number">23.12 </span><span class="name">Configuration for load balancing with Network Teaming</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#ex-team-failover"><span class="number">23.13 </span><span class="name">Configuration for DHCP Network Teaming device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-print.html#aus-d-lpd"><span class="number">24.1 </span><span class="name">Error message from <code class="command">lpd</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-print.html#aus-d-bcast"><span class="number">24.2 </span><span class="name">Broadcast from the CUPS network server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#ex-x11-fontsys-fontconfig-rendering-algorithms"><span class="number">25.1 </span><span class="name">Specifying rendering algorithms</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#ex-x11-fontsys-fontconfig-aliases1"><span class="number">25.2 </span><span class="name">Aliases and family name substitutions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#ex-x11-fontsys-fontconfig-aliases2"><span class="number">25.3 </span><span class="name">Aliases and family name substitutions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#ex-x11-fontsys-fontconfig-aliases3"><span class="number">25.4 </span><span class="name">Aliases and family names substitutions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-udev.html#ex-rules"><span class="number">29.1 </span><span class="name">Example <code class="systemitem">udev</code> rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-suse.html#ex-suse-packages-cron"><span class="number">30.1 </span><span class="name">Entry in /etc/crontab</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-suse.html#ex-suse-packages-cron-time"><span class="number">30.2 </span><span class="name">/etc/crontab: remove time stamp files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-suse.html#ex-u-ulimit-bashrc"><span class="number">30.3 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">ulimit</code>: Settings in <code class="filename">~/.bashrc</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#ex-support-hostinfo"><span class="number">41.1 </span><span class="name">Output of <code class="command">hostinfo</code> when logging in as <code class="systemitem">root</code></span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.3.1.5"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-deployment/book-deployment.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-deployment/book-deployment.html
index 6928e3a9a5..f24cb67cf7 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-deployment/book-deployment.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-deployment/book-deployment.html
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@
     This guide details how to install single or multiple
      systems, and how to exploit the product-inherent capabilities for a deployment
      infrastructure.
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-deployment.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Deployment Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-deployment.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Deployment Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="preface-deployment.html"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-deployment.html#id-1.4.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-deployment.html#id-1.4.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-deployment.html#id-1.4.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-deployment.html#id-1.4.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-prep.html"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Installation preparation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-sled-plan.html"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Planning for SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-sled-plan.html#sec-sled-plan-hw"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-sled-plan.html#sec-sled-plan-usage"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Reasons to use SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-x86.html"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation on AMD64 and Intel 64</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-x86.html#sec-x86-requirements"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-x86.html#sec-x86-prep-considerations"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation considerations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-x86.html#sec-x86-prep-installation-methods"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installation methods</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-x86.html#sec-x86-media"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Booting the system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-x86.html#sec-bootproblem"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Dealing with boot and installation problems</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-deployment.html"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Installation procedure</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-boot-parameters.html"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Boot parameters</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-boot-parameters.html#sec-boot-parameters-default"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using the default boot parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-boot-parameters.html#sec-boot-parameters-start-x86-64"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">PC (AMD64/Intel 64/AArch64)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-boot-parameters.html#sec-boot-parameters-list"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">List of important boot parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-boot-parameters.html#sec-boot-parameters-advanced"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced setups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-boot-parameters.html#sec-boot-parameters-more-information"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-install.html"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Installation steps</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-install.html#sec-yast-install-overview"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-install.html#sec-yast-install-self-update"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installer self-update</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-install.html#sec-yast-install-welcome"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">
    <span class="phrase">Language, keyboard, and product selection</span>
    
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-deployment/index.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-deployment/index.html
index 6928e3a9a5..f24cb67cf7 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-deployment/index.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-deployment/index.html
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@
     This guide details how to install single or multiple
      systems, and how to exploit the product-inherent capabilities for a deployment
      infrastructure.
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-deployment.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Deployment Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-deployment.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Deployment Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="preface-deployment.html"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-deployment.html#id-1.4.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-deployment.html#id-1.4.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-deployment.html#id-1.4.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-deployment.html#id-1.4.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-prep.html"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Installation preparation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-sled-plan.html"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Planning for SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-sled-plan.html#sec-sled-plan-hw"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-sled-plan.html#sec-sled-plan-usage"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Reasons to use SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-x86.html"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation on AMD64 and Intel 64</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-x86.html#sec-x86-requirements"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-x86.html#sec-x86-prep-considerations"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation considerations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-x86.html#sec-x86-prep-installation-methods"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installation methods</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-x86.html#sec-x86-media"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Booting the system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-x86.html#sec-bootproblem"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Dealing with boot and installation problems</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-deployment.html"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Installation procedure</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-boot-parameters.html"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Boot parameters</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-boot-parameters.html#sec-boot-parameters-default"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using the default boot parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-boot-parameters.html#sec-boot-parameters-start-x86-64"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">PC (AMD64/Intel 64/AArch64)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-boot-parameters.html#sec-boot-parameters-list"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">List of important boot parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-boot-parameters.html#sec-boot-parameters-advanced"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced setups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-boot-parameters.html#sec-boot-parameters-more-information"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-install.html"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Installation steps</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-install.html#sec-yast-install-overview"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-install.html#sec-yast-install-self-update"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installer self-update</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-install.html#sec-yast-install-welcome"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">
    <span class="phrase">Language, keyboard, and product selection</span>
    
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-gnome-user/book-gnome-user.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-gnome-user/book-gnome-user.html
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@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_gnome-user.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">GNOME User Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">GNOME User Guide</div><ol><li><a href="pre-gnome-about.html" class=" "><span class="title-number"> </span><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></li><li><a href="part-gnome-desktop.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Getting started with the GNOME desktop</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Working with your desktop</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing your settings</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-gnome-accessibility.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Assistive technologies</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-gnome-manage.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Connectivity, files and resources</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-gnome-network.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing network resources</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-gnome-print.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing printers</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-userbackup.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Backing up user data</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Passwords and Keys</span>: signing and encrypting data</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-lo.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-lo-oview.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice: the office suite</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-lo-writer.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Writer</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-lo-calc.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Calc</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-lo-various.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Impress, Base, Draw, and Math</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-communication.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Internet and communication</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-firefox.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Firefox</span>: browsing the Web</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-gnome-evolution.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Evolution</span>: e-mailing and calendaring</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-gnome-pidgin.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Pidgin</span>: instant messaging</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-ekiga.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Ekiga</span>: using voice over IP</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-graphics.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Graphics and multimedia</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-gimp.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">GIMP</span>: manipulating graphics</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-gnome-totem.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">GNOME Videos</span></span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="cha-userhelp.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">Help and documentation</span></a></li><li><a href="bk04apb.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">B </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></li> </ol> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-gnome-user" data-id-title="GNOME User Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">GNOME User Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_gnome-user.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p>
     This guide introduces the GNOME desktop of <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span>.
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-gnome-user.html" target="_blank">Revision History: GNOME User Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-gnome-user.html" target="_blank">Revision History: GNOME User Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="pre-gnome-about.html"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="pre-gnome-about.html#id-1.6.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="pre-gnome-about.html#id-1.6.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="pre-gnome-about.html#id-1.6.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="pre-gnome-about.html#id-1.6.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-gnome-desktop.html"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Getting started with the GNOME desktop</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html#sec-gnome-login"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Logging in</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html#sec-gnome-desktop"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Desktop basics</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html#sec-gnomeuser-start-logout"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Pausing or finishing your session</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Working with your desktop</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-nautilus"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Managing files and directories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-media"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing removable media</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-search-files"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Searching for files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-cutnpaste"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Copying text between applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-connections"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Managing Internet connections</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-internet"><span class="title-number">2.6 </span><span class="title-name">Exploring the Internet</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-mail"><span class="title-number">2.7 </span><span class="title-name">E-mail and scheduling</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-oo"><span class="title-number">2.8 </span><span class="title-name">Opening or creating documents with LibreOffice</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-power-mgmt"><span class="title-number">2.9 </span><span class="title-name">Controlling your desktop’s power management</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-archives"><span class="title-number">2.10 </span><span class="title-name">Creating, displaying, and decompressing archives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-screnshots"><span class="title-number">2.11 </span><span class="title-name">Taking screenshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-pdfs"><span class="title-number">2.12 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing PDF files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-updates"><span class="title-number">2.13 </span><span class="title-name">Obtaining software updates</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-more"><span class="title-number">2.14 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing your settings</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-look-deskback"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the desktop background</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-lang"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring language settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-keyboard"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the keyboard</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-xmodmap"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using <span class="productname">XCompose</span> to type special
         characters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-bluetooth"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring Bluetooth settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-power"><span class="title-number">3.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring power settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-mouse"><span class="title-number">3.7 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the mouse and touchpad</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-printer"><span class="title-number">3.8 </span><span class="title-name">Installing and configuring printers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-screen"><span class="title-number">3.9 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring screens</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-audio"><span class="title-number">3.10 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring sound settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-prefapps"><span class="title-number">3.11 </span><span class="title-name">Setting default applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-share"><span class="title-number">3.12 </span><span class="title-name">Setting session sharing preferences</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnome-accessibility.html"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Assistive technologies</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-accessibility.html#sec-general-accessibility-enable"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling assistive technologies</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-accessibility.html#sec-general-accessibility-visual"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Visual assistance</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-accessibility.html#sec-general-accessibility-hearing"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Hearing assistance</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-accessibility.html#sec-general-accessibility-mobility"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">Keyboard and mouse</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-accessibility.html#sec-general-accessibility-more"><span class="title-number">4.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-gnome-manage.html"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Connectivity, files and resources</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnome-network.html"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing network resources</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-network.html#sec-gnomeuser-start-network-connect"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Connecting to a network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-network.html#sec-gnome-network-general"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">General notes on file sharing and network browsing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-network.html#sec-gnome-network-accshare"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing network shares</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-network.html#sec-gnome-network-smbshare"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Sharing directories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-network.html#sec-gnome-network-ad-data"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">Managing Windows files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-network.html#sec-gnome-network-ad-printer"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring and accessing a Windows network printer</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnome-print.html"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing printers</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-print.html#sec-gnome-print-inst"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installing a printer</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-print.html#id-1.6.4.4.5"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying printer settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-print.html#id-1.6.4.4.6"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Canceling print jobs</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-userbackup.html"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Backing up user data</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-userbackup.html#sec-gnome-backup-config"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring backups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-userbackup.html#sec-gnome-backup-start"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating backups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-userbackup.html#cha-userbackup-restore"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Restoring data</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Passwords and Keys</span>: signing and encrypting data</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#sec-gnome-crypto-sign-encrypt"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Signing and encryption</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#cha-gnome-crypto-gen-key"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Generating a new key pair</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#cha-gnome-crypto-modify-key"><span class="title-number">8.3 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying key properties</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#cha-gnome-crypto-import-key"><span class="title-number">8.4 </span><span class="title-name">Importing keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#cha-gnome-crypto-export-key"><span class="title-number">8.5 </span><span class="title-name">Exporting keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#cha-gnome-crypto-sign-key"><span class="title-number">8.6 </span><span class="title-name">Signing a key</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#cha-gnome-crypto-prefs-keyrings"><span class="title-number">8.7 </span><span class="title-name">Password keyrings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#cha-gnome-crypto-prefs-servers"><span class="title-number">8.8 </span><span class="title-name">Key servers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#cha-gnome-crypto-prefs-sharing"><span class="title-number">8.9 </span><span class="title-name">Key sharing</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-lo.html"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice: the office suite</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-oview-modules"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-oview-start"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Starting LibreOffice</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-interface"><span class="title-number">9.3 </span><span class="title-name">The LibreOffice user interface</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-oview-migration"><span class="title-number">9.4 </span><span class="title-name">Compatibility with other office applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-oview-passwd"><span class="title-number">9.5 </span><span class="title-name">Saving files with a password</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-oview-certstore"><span class="title-number">9.6 </span><span class="title-name">Signing documents</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-oview-cust"><span class="title-number">9.7 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing LibreOffice</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-oview-global"><span class="title-number">9.8 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the global settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-oview-templates"><span class="title-number">9.9 </span><span class="title-name">Using templates</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-overview-properties"><span class="title-number">9.10 </span><span class="title-name">Setting metadata and properties</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-oview-help"><span class="title-number">9.11 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-lo-writer.html"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Writer</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-writer.html#sec-lo-writer-createnew"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a new document</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-writer.html#sec-lo-writer-styles"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Formatting with styles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-writer.html#sec-lo-writer-largedocs"><span class="title-number">10.3 </span><span class="title-name">Working with large documents</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-writer.html#sec-lo-writer-html"><span class="title-number">10.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using Writer as an HTML editor</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-lo-calc.html"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Calc</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-calc.html#sec-lo-calc-createnew"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a new document</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-calc.html#sec-lo-calc-styles"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using formatting and styles in Calc</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-calc.html#sec-lo-calc-sheets"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Working with sheets</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-calc.html#sec-lo-calc-condformat"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Conditional formatting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-calc.html#sec-lo-calc-grouping"><span class="title-number">11.5 </span><span class="title-name">Grouping and ungrouping cells</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-calc.html#sec-lo-calc-freezing"><span class="title-number">11.6 </span><span class="title-name">Freezing rows or columns as headers</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-lo-various.html"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Impress, Base, Draw, and Math</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-various.html#sec-lo-various-impress"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using presentations with <span class="productname">Impress</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-various.html#sec-lo-various-base"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using databases with <span class="guimenu">Base</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-various.html#sec-lo-various-draw"><span class="title-number">12.3 </span><span class="title-name">Creating graphics with <span class="guimenu">Draw</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-various.html#sec-lo-various-math"><span class="title-number">12.4 </span><span class="title-name">Creating mathematical formulas with <span class="productname">Math</span>
   </span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-communication.html"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Internet and communication</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-firefox.html"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Firefox</span>: browsing the Web</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-start"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">Firefox</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-navigating"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Navigating Web sites</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-findinfo"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">Finding information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-bookmarks"><span class="title-number">13.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing bookmarks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-downloadmanager"><span class="title-number">13.5 </span><span class="title-name">Using the download manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-security"><span class="title-number">13.6 </span><span class="title-name">Security</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-customizing"><span class="title-number">13.7 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing <span class="productname">Firefox</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-printing"><span class="title-number">13.8 </span><span class="title-name">Printing from <span class="productname">Firefox</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">13.9 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnome-evolution.html"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Evolution</span>: e-mailing and calendaring</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-evolution.html#sec-gnome-evolution-first-start"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">Evolution</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-evolution.html#sec-gnome-evolution-first-start-setup-assistant"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setup assistant</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-evolution.html#sec-gnome-evolution-usage"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Using <span class="productname">Evolution</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-evolution.html#sec-evolution-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnome-pidgin.html"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Pidgin</span>: instant messaging</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-pidgin.html#sec-gnome-pidgin-start"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">Pidgin</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-pidgin.html#sec-gnome-pidgin-configure"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring accounts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-pidgin.html#sec-gnome-pidgin-buddy-list"><span class="title-number">15.3 </span><span class="title-name">Managing contacts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-pidgin.html#sec-gnome-pidgin-chat"><span class="title-number">15.4 </span><span class="title-name">Chatting with friends</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-pidgin.html#sec-gnome-pidgin-more"><span class="title-number">15.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-ekiga.html"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Ekiga</span>: using voice over IP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ekiga.html#sec-ekiga-start"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">Ekiga</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ekiga.html#sec-ekiga-configure"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring <span class="productname">Ekiga</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ekiga.html#sec-ekiga-ui"><span class="title-number">16.3 </span><span class="title-name">The <span class="productname">Ekiga</span> user interface</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ekiga.html#sec-ekiga-firstcall"><span class="title-number">16.4 </span><span class="title-name">Making a call</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ekiga.html#sec-ekiga-answer"><span class="title-number">16.5 </span><span class="title-name">Answering a call</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ekiga.html#sec-ekiga-calladd"><span class="title-number">16.6 </span><span class="title-name">Using the address book</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ekiga.html#sec-ekiga-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">16.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-graphics.html"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Graphics and multimedia</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gimp.html"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">GIMP</span>: manipulating graphics</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gimp.html#sec-gimp-graphics"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name">Graphics formats</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gimp.html#sec-gimp-starting"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">GIMP</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gimp.html#sec-gimp-starting-defaultwin"><span class="title-number">17.3 </span><span class="title-name">User interface overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gimp.html#sec-gimp-getstart"><span class="title-number">17.4 </span><span class="title-name">Getting started</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gimp.html#sec-gimp-saving"><span class="title-number">17.5 </span><span class="title-name">Saving and exporting images</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gimp.html#sec-gimp-basics"><span class="title-number">17.6 </span><span class="title-name">Editing images</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gimp.html#sec-gimp-printing"><span class="title-number">17.7 </span><span class="title-name">Printing images</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gimp.html#sec-gimp-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">17.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnome-totem.html"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">GNOME Videos</span></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-totem.html#sec-gnome-totem-using"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using <span class="guimenu">GNOME Videos</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-totem.html#sec-gnome-totem-prefs"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying <span class="guimenu">GNOME Videos</span> preferences</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="cha-userhelp.html"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">Help and documentation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-userhelp.html#sec-help-onboard-yelp"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using GNOME Help</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-userhelp.html#sec-help-furtherdoc"><span class="title-number">A.2 </span><span class="title-name">Additional help resources</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-userhelp.html#sec-help-more"><span class="title-number">A.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="bk04apb.html"><span class="title-number">B </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="bk04apb.html#id-1.6.9.4"><span class="title-number">B.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html#id-1.6.3.3.5.4"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Default GNOME login screen</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html#id-1.6.3.3.5.6.3.2.2"><span class="number">1.2 </span><span class="name">Default GNOME login screen—session type</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html#id-1.6.3.3.6.4"><span class="number">1.3 </span><span class="name">GNOME desktop with activities overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html#id-1.6.3.3.6.5.4.3"><span class="number">1.4 </span><span class="name"><span class="guimenu">Activities</span> overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html#id-1.6.3.3.6.5.5.2"><span class="number">1.5 </span><span class="name"><span class="guimenu">Application</span> menu for
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-gnome-user/index.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-gnome-user/index.html
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--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-gnome-user/index.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-gnome-user/index.html
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_gnome-user.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">GNOME User Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">GNOME User Guide</div><ol><li><a href="pre-gnome-about.html" class=" "><span class="title-number"> </span><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></li><li><a href="part-gnome-desktop.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Getting started with the GNOME desktop</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Working with your desktop</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing your settings</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-gnome-accessibility.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Assistive technologies</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-gnome-manage.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Connectivity, files and resources</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-gnome-network.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing network resources</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-gnome-print.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing printers</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-userbackup.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Backing up user data</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Passwords and Keys</span>: signing and encrypting data</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-lo.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-lo-oview.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice: the office suite</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-lo-writer.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Writer</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-lo-calc.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Calc</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-lo-various.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Impress, Base, Draw, and Math</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-communication.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Internet and communication</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-firefox.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Firefox</span>: browsing the Web</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-gnome-evolution.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Evolution</span>: e-mailing and calendaring</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-gnome-pidgin.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Pidgin</span>: instant messaging</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-ekiga.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Ekiga</span>: using voice over IP</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-graphics.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Graphics and multimedia</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-gimp.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">GIMP</span>: manipulating graphics</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-gnome-totem.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">GNOME Videos</span></span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="cha-userhelp.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">Help and documentation</span></a></li><li><a href="bk04apb.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">B </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></li> </ol> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-gnome-user" data-id-title="GNOME User Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">GNOME User Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_gnome-user.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p>
     This guide introduces the GNOME desktop of <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span>.
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-gnome-user.html" target="_blank">Revision History: GNOME User Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-gnome-user.html" target="_blank">Revision History: GNOME User Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="pre-gnome-about.html"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="pre-gnome-about.html#id-1.6.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="pre-gnome-about.html#id-1.6.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="pre-gnome-about.html#id-1.6.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="pre-gnome-about.html#id-1.6.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-gnome-desktop.html"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Getting started with the GNOME desktop</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html#sec-gnome-login"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Logging in</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html#sec-gnome-desktop"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Desktop basics</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html#sec-gnomeuser-start-logout"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Pausing or finishing your session</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Working with your desktop</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-nautilus"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Managing files and directories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-media"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing removable media</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-search-files"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Searching for files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-cutnpaste"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Copying text between applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-connections"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Managing Internet connections</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-internet"><span class="title-number">2.6 </span><span class="title-name">Exploring the Internet</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-mail"><span class="title-number">2.7 </span><span class="title-name">E-mail and scheduling</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-oo"><span class="title-number">2.8 </span><span class="title-name">Opening or creating documents with LibreOffice</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-power-mgmt"><span class="title-number">2.9 </span><span class="title-name">Controlling your desktop’s power management</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-archives"><span class="title-number">2.10 </span><span class="title-name">Creating, displaying, and decompressing archives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-screnshots"><span class="title-number">2.11 </span><span class="title-name">Taking screenshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-pdfs"><span class="title-number">2.12 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing PDF files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-updates"><span class="title-number">2.13 </span><span class="title-name">Obtaining software updates</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-more"><span class="title-number">2.14 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing your settings</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-look-deskback"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the desktop background</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-lang"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring language settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-keyboard"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the keyboard</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-xmodmap"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using <span class="productname">XCompose</span> to type special
         characters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-bluetooth"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring Bluetooth settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-power"><span class="title-number">3.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring power settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-mouse"><span class="title-number">3.7 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the mouse and touchpad</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-printer"><span class="title-number">3.8 </span><span class="title-name">Installing and configuring printers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-screen"><span class="title-number">3.9 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring screens</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-audio"><span class="title-number">3.10 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring sound settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-prefapps"><span class="title-number">3.11 </span><span class="title-name">Setting default applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-share"><span class="title-number">3.12 </span><span class="title-name">Setting session sharing preferences</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnome-accessibility.html"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Assistive technologies</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-accessibility.html#sec-general-accessibility-enable"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling assistive technologies</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-accessibility.html#sec-general-accessibility-visual"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Visual assistance</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-accessibility.html#sec-general-accessibility-hearing"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Hearing assistance</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-accessibility.html#sec-general-accessibility-mobility"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">Keyboard and mouse</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-accessibility.html#sec-general-accessibility-more"><span class="title-number">4.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-gnome-manage.html"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Connectivity, files and resources</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnome-network.html"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing network resources</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-network.html#sec-gnomeuser-start-network-connect"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Connecting to a network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-network.html#sec-gnome-network-general"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">General notes on file sharing and network browsing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-network.html#sec-gnome-network-accshare"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing network shares</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-network.html#sec-gnome-network-smbshare"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Sharing directories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-network.html#sec-gnome-network-ad-data"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">Managing Windows files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-network.html#sec-gnome-network-ad-printer"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring and accessing a Windows network printer</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnome-print.html"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing printers</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-print.html#sec-gnome-print-inst"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installing a printer</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-print.html#id-1.6.4.4.5"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying printer settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-print.html#id-1.6.4.4.6"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Canceling print jobs</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-userbackup.html"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Backing up user data</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-userbackup.html#sec-gnome-backup-config"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring backups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-userbackup.html#sec-gnome-backup-start"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating backups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-userbackup.html#cha-userbackup-restore"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Restoring data</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Passwords and Keys</span>: signing and encrypting data</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#sec-gnome-crypto-sign-encrypt"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Signing and encryption</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#cha-gnome-crypto-gen-key"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Generating a new key pair</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#cha-gnome-crypto-modify-key"><span class="title-number">8.3 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying key properties</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#cha-gnome-crypto-import-key"><span class="title-number">8.4 </span><span class="title-name">Importing keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#cha-gnome-crypto-export-key"><span class="title-number">8.5 </span><span class="title-name">Exporting keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#cha-gnome-crypto-sign-key"><span class="title-number">8.6 </span><span class="title-name">Signing a key</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#cha-gnome-crypto-prefs-keyrings"><span class="title-number">8.7 </span><span class="title-name">Password keyrings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#cha-gnome-crypto-prefs-servers"><span class="title-number">8.8 </span><span class="title-name">Key servers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#cha-gnome-crypto-prefs-sharing"><span class="title-number">8.9 </span><span class="title-name">Key sharing</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-lo.html"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice: the office suite</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-oview-modules"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-oview-start"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Starting LibreOffice</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-interface"><span class="title-number">9.3 </span><span class="title-name">The LibreOffice user interface</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-oview-migration"><span class="title-number">9.4 </span><span class="title-name">Compatibility with other office applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-oview-passwd"><span class="title-number">9.5 </span><span class="title-name">Saving files with a password</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-oview-certstore"><span class="title-number">9.6 </span><span class="title-name">Signing documents</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-oview-cust"><span class="title-number">9.7 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing LibreOffice</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-oview-global"><span class="title-number">9.8 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the global settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-oview-templates"><span class="title-number">9.9 </span><span class="title-name">Using templates</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-overview-properties"><span class="title-number">9.10 </span><span class="title-name">Setting metadata and properties</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-oview-help"><span class="title-number">9.11 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-lo-writer.html"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Writer</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-writer.html#sec-lo-writer-createnew"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a new document</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-writer.html#sec-lo-writer-styles"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Formatting with styles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-writer.html#sec-lo-writer-largedocs"><span class="title-number">10.3 </span><span class="title-name">Working with large documents</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-writer.html#sec-lo-writer-html"><span class="title-number">10.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using Writer as an HTML editor</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-lo-calc.html"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Calc</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-calc.html#sec-lo-calc-createnew"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a new document</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-calc.html#sec-lo-calc-styles"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using formatting and styles in Calc</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-calc.html#sec-lo-calc-sheets"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Working with sheets</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-calc.html#sec-lo-calc-condformat"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Conditional formatting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-calc.html#sec-lo-calc-grouping"><span class="title-number">11.5 </span><span class="title-name">Grouping and ungrouping cells</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-calc.html#sec-lo-calc-freezing"><span class="title-number">11.6 </span><span class="title-name">Freezing rows or columns as headers</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-lo-various.html"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Impress, Base, Draw, and Math</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-various.html#sec-lo-various-impress"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using presentations with <span class="productname">Impress</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-various.html#sec-lo-various-base"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using databases with <span class="guimenu">Base</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-various.html#sec-lo-various-draw"><span class="title-number">12.3 </span><span class="title-name">Creating graphics with <span class="guimenu">Draw</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-various.html#sec-lo-various-math"><span class="title-number">12.4 </span><span class="title-name">Creating mathematical formulas with <span class="productname">Math</span>
   </span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-communication.html"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Internet and communication</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-firefox.html"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Firefox</span>: browsing the Web</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-start"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">Firefox</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-navigating"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Navigating Web sites</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-findinfo"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">Finding information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-bookmarks"><span class="title-number">13.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing bookmarks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-downloadmanager"><span class="title-number">13.5 </span><span class="title-name">Using the download manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-security"><span class="title-number">13.6 </span><span class="title-name">Security</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-customizing"><span class="title-number">13.7 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing <span class="productname">Firefox</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-printing"><span class="title-number">13.8 </span><span class="title-name">Printing from <span class="productname">Firefox</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">13.9 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnome-evolution.html"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Evolution</span>: e-mailing and calendaring</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-evolution.html#sec-gnome-evolution-first-start"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">Evolution</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-evolution.html#sec-gnome-evolution-first-start-setup-assistant"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setup assistant</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-evolution.html#sec-gnome-evolution-usage"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Using <span class="productname">Evolution</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-evolution.html#sec-evolution-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnome-pidgin.html"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Pidgin</span>: instant messaging</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-pidgin.html#sec-gnome-pidgin-start"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">Pidgin</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-pidgin.html#sec-gnome-pidgin-configure"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring accounts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-pidgin.html#sec-gnome-pidgin-buddy-list"><span class="title-number">15.3 </span><span class="title-name">Managing contacts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-pidgin.html#sec-gnome-pidgin-chat"><span class="title-number">15.4 </span><span class="title-name">Chatting with friends</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-pidgin.html#sec-gnome-pidgin-more"><span class="title-number">15.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-ekiga.html"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Ekiga</span>: using voice over IP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ekiga.html#sec-ekiga-start"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">Ekiga</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ekiga.html#sec-ekiga-configure"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring <span class="productname">Ekiga</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ekiga.html#sec-ekiga-ui"><span class="title-number">16.3 </span><span class="title-name">The <span class="productname">Ekiga</span> user interface</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ekiga.html#sec-ekiga-firstcall"><span class="title-number">16.4 </span><span class="title-name">Making a call</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ekiga.html#sec-ekiga-answer"><span class="title-number">16.5 </span><span class="title-name">Answering a call</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ekiga.html#sec-ekiga-calladd"><span class="title-number">16.6 </span><span class="title-name">Using the address book</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ekiga.html#sec-ekiga-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">16.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-graphics.html"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Graphics and multimedia</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gimp.html"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">GIMP</span>: manipulating graphics</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gimp.html#sec-gimp-graphics"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name">Graphics formats</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gimp.html#sec-gimp-starting"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">GIMP</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gimp.html#sec-gimp-starting-defaultwin"><span class="title-number">17.3 </span><span class="title-name">User interface overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gimp.html#sec-gimp-getstart"><span class="title-number">17.4 </span><span class="title-name">Getting started</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gimp.html#sec-gimp-saving"><span class="title-number">17.5 </span><span class="title-name">Saving and exporting images</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gimp.html#sec-gimp-basics"><span class="title-number">17.6 </span><span class="title-name">Editing images</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gimp.html#sec-gimp-printing"><span class="title-number">17.7 </span><span class="title-name">Printing images</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gimp.html#sec-gimp-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">17.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnome-totem.html"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">GNOME Videos</span></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-totem.html#sec-gnome-totem-using"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using <span class="guimenu">GNOME Videos</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-totem.html#sec-gnome-totem-prefs"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying <span class="guimenu">GNOME Videos</span> preferences</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="cha-userhelp.html"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">Help and documentation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-userhelp.html#sec-help-onboard-yelp"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using GNOME Help</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-userhelp.html#sec-help-furtherdoc"><span class="title-number">A.2 </span><span class="title-name">Additional help resources</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-userhelp.html#sec-help-more"><span class="title-number">A.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="bk04apb.html"><span class="title-number">B </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="bk04apb.html#id-1.6.9.4"><span class="title-number">B.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html#id-1.6.3.3.5.4"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Default GNOME login screen</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html#id-1.6.3.3.5.6.3.2.2"><span class="number">1.2 </span><span class="name">Default GNOME login screen—session type</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html#id-1.6.3.3.6.4"><span class="number">1.3 </span><span class="name">GNOME desktop with activities overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html#id-1.6.3.3.6.5.4.3"><span class="number">1.4 </span><span class="name"><span class="guimenu">Activities</span> overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html#id-1.6.3.3.6.5.5.2"><span class="number">1.5 </span><span class="name"><span class="guimenu">Application</span> menu for
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-installation/article-installation.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-installation/article-installation.html
index 3928dade5e..f358e141f1 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-installation/article-installation.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-installation/article-installation.html
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
 });
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_installation-sleds.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">Installation Quick Start</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">Installation Quick Start</div> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="article" id="article-installation" data-id-title="Installation Quick Start"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">Installation Quick Start <a title="Permalink" class="permalink" href="article-installation.html#">#</a></h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_installation-sleds.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>
-    January 06, 2025
+    January 07, 2025
 
    </div><div><div class="abstract"><p>
     This Quick Start guides you step by step
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-installation/index.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-installation/index.html
index 3928dade5e..f358e141f1 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-installation/index.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-installation/index.html
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
 });
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_installation-sleds.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">Installation Quick Start</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">Installation Quick Start</div> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="article" id="article-installation" data-id-title="Installation Quick Start"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">Installation Quick Start <a title="Permalink" class="permalink" href="article-installation.html#">#</a></h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_installation-sleds.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>
-    January 06, 2025
+    January 07, 2025
 
    </div><div><div class="abstract"><p>
     This Quick Start guides you step by step
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-modules/article-modules.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-modules/article-modules.html
index c983f69fb1..2789084ee5 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-modules/article-modules.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-modules/article-modules.html
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@
 });
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_modules.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">Modules and Extensions Quick Start</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">Modules and Extensions Quick Start</div> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="article" id="article-modules" data-id-title="Modules and Extensions Quick Start"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div><h1 class="title">Modules and Extensions Quick Start</h1></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>
-    January 06, 2025
+    January 07, 2025
 
    </div><div><div class="abstract"><p>
         This Quick Start gives you an overview of the
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-modules/index.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-modules/index.html
index c983f69fb1..2789084ee5 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-modules/index.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-modules/index.html
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@
 });
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_modules.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">Modules and Extensions Quick Start</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">Modules and Extensions Quick Start</div> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="article" id="article-modules" data-id-title="Modules and Extensions Quick Start"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div><h1 class="title">Modules and Extensions Quick Start</h1></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>
-    January 06, 2025
+    January 07, 2025
 
    </div><div><div class="abstract"><p>
         This Quick Start gives you an overview of the
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-security/book-security.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-security/book-security.html
index 24d4e6b0f5..d0a4c9bc7f 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-security/book-security.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-security/book-security.html
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_security.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">Security and Hardening Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">Security and Hardening Guide</div><ol><li><a href="preface-security.html" class=" "><span class="title-number"> </span><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Security and confidentiality</span></a></li><li><a href="part-auth.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Authentication</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-pam.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Authentication with PAM</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-nis.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Using NIS</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-auth.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up authentication clients using YaST</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-ldap.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">LDAP with 389 Directory Server</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Network authentication with Kerberos</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-ad.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Active Directory support</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-freeradius.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a freeRADIUS server</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-local-security.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Local security</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-physical-security.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Physical security</span></a></li><li><a href="sec-sec-software-management.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Software management</span></a></li><li><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">File management</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-cryptofs.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Encrypting partitions and files</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Storage encryption for hosted applications with cryptctl</span></a></li><li><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">User management</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-sec-cron-at.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting <code class="systemitem">cron</code> and <code class="systemitem">at</code></span></a></li><li><a href="cha-spectre.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Spectre/Meltdown checker</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring security settings with YaST</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-polkit.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">The Polkit authentication framework</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-acls.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">Access control lists in Linux</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-aide.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">Intrusion detection with AIDE</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-network-security.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Network security</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-xauth.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name">X Window System and X authentication</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-ssh.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">22 </span><span class="title-name">Securing network operations with OpenSSH</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-firewall.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">23 </span><span class="title-name">Masquerading and firewalls</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">24 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a VPN server</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-xca.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">25 </span><span class="title-name">Managing a PKI with XCA, X certificate and key manager</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-sec-sysctl.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">26 </span><span class="title-name">Improving network security with <code class="command">sysctl</code> variables</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-compliance.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Regulations and Compliance</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-common-criteria.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">27 </span><span class="title-name">Common Criteria</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-fips.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">28 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling compliance with FIPS 140-3</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-apparmor.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Confining privileges with <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-apparmor-intro.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">29 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-start.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">30 </span><span class="title-name">Getting started</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-concept.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">31 </span><span class="title-name">Immunizing programs</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">32 </span><span class="title-name">Profile components and syntax</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-repos.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">33 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile repositories</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-yast.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">34 </span><span class="title-name">Building and managing profiles with YaST</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">35 </span><span class="title-name">Building profiles from the command line</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-hat.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">36 </span><span class="title-name">Profiling your Web applications using ChangeHat</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-pam.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">37 </span><span class="title-name">Confining users with <code class="systemitem">pam_apparmor</code></span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-managing.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">38 </span><span class="title-name">Managing profiled applications</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-support.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">39 </span><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-glossary.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">40 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> glossary</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-audit.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">The Linux Audit Framework</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-audit-comp.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">41 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding Linux audit</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-audit-setup.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">42 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up the Linux audit framework</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">43 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing an audit rule set</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-audit-moreinfo.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">44 </span><span class="title-name">Useful resources</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="bk05apa.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></li> </ol> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-security" data-id-title="Security and Hardening Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">Security and Hardening Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_security.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p> This guide introduces basic concepts of system
      security and describes the usage of security software included with the product,
      such as <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span>, SELinux, or the auditing system. The guide also supports system
-     administrators in hardening an installation. </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-security.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Security and Hardening Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+     administrators in hardening an installation. </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-security.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Security and Hardening Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="preface-security.html"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-security.html#id-1.7.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-security.html#id-1.7.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-security.html#id-1.7.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-security.html#id-1.7.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security.html"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Security and confidentiality</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-overview"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-passwords"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Passwords</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-sec-prot-general-backups"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Backups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-integrity"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">System integrity</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-file-access"><span class="title-number">1.5 </span><span class="title-name">File access</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-network"><span class="title-number">1.6 </span><span class="title-name">Networking</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-vulnerabilities"><span class="title-number">1.7 </span><span class="title-name">Software vulnerabilities</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-malware"><span class="title-number">1.8 </span><span class="title-name">Malware</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-tips"><span class="title-number">1.9 </span><span class="title-name">Important security tips</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-general-report"><span class="title-number">1.10 </span><span class="title-name">Reporting security issues</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-auth.html"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Authentication</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-pam.html"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Authentication with PAM</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-pam.html#sec-security-pam-whatis"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">What is PAM?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-pam.html#sec-pam-struc-files"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Structure of a PAM configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-pam.html#sec-pam-struc-format"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">The PAM configuration of sshd</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-pam.html#sec-pam-struc-conf"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration of PAM modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-pam.html#sec-pam-pam-config"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring PAM using pam-config</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-pam.html#sec-pam-manual-config"><span class="title-number">2.6 </span><span class="title-name">Manually configuring PAM</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-pam.html#sec-pam-login"><span class="title-number">2.7 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring  U2F keys for local login</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-pam.html#sec-pam-info"><span class="title-number">2.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-nis.html"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Using NIS</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nis.html#sec-nis-server-sled"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring NIS servers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nis.html#sec-nis-client"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring NIS clients</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-auth.html"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up authentication clients using YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-auth.html#sec-security-auth-yast-client"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring an authentication client with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-auth.html#sec-security-auth-sssd"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">SSSD</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">LDAP with 389 Directory Server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-tree"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Structure of an LDAP directory tree</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-docker-container"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating and managing a Docker container for 389 Directory Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-server-install"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing 389 Directory Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-firewall"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Firewall configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-backup"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">Backing up and restoring 389 Directory Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-server-users"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing LDAP users and groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-modules"><span class="title-number">5.7 </span><span class="title-name">Managing plug-ins</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-server-sssd"><span class="title-number">5.8 </span><span class="title-name">Using SSSD to manage LDAP authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-migrate"><span class="title-number">5.9 </span><span class="title-name">Migrating to 389 Directory Server from OpenLDAP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-server-ca"><span class="title-number">5.10 </span><span class="title-name">Importing TLS server certificates and keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-replication"><span class="title-number">5.11 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up replication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-active-directory-sync"><span class="title-number">5.12 </span><span class="title-name">Synchronizing with Microsoft Active Directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-info"><span class="title-number">5.13 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Network authentication with Kerberos</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html#sec-security-kerberos-overview"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html#sec-security-kerberos-terms"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Kerberos terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html#sec-security-kerberos-how"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">How Kerberos works</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html#sec-security-kerberos-users"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">User view of Kerberos</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html#sec-security-kerberos-nfs"><span class="title-number">6.5 </span><span class="title-name">Kerberos and NFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html#sec-security-kerberos-info"><span class="title-number">6.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-ad.html"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Active Directory support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#sec-security-ad-integrate"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Integrating Linux and Active Directory environments</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#sec-security-ad-background"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Background information for Linux Active Directory support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#sec-security-ad-config"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a Linux client for Active Directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#sec-security-ad-login"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Logging in to an Active Directory domain</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#sec-security-ad-passwd"><span class="title-number">7.5 </span><span class="title-name">Changing passwords</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#sec-active-directory-certificate-auto-enrollment"><span class="title-number">7.6 </span><span class="title-name">Active Directory certificate auto-enrollment</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-freeradius.html"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a freeRADIUS server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-freeradius.html#sec-test-radiusd"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installation and testing on <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span></span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-local-security.html"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Local security</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-physical-security.html"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Physical security</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-physical-security.html#sec-sec-prot-general-physical-locks"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">System locks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-physical-security.html#sec-sec-prot-general-bios"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Locking down the BIOS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-physical-security.html#sec-sec-prot-general-bootloader"><span class="title-number">9.3 </span><span class="title-name">Security via the boot loaders</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-physical-security.html#sec-sec-prot-general-retiring"><span class="title-number">9.4 </span><span class="title-name">Retiring Linux servers with sensitive data</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-physical-security.html#sec-sec-prot-general-removable-media"><span class="title-number">9.5 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting access to removable media</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-physical-security.html#sec-USBGuard"><span class="title-number">9.6 </span><span class="title-name">System protection with enforced USB device authorization via <span class="emphasis"><em>USBGuard</em></span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="sec-sec-software-management.html"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Software management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-software-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-remove-packs"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">Removing unnecessary software packages (RPMs)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-software-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-patching"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Patching Linux systems</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">File management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-partitions"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Disk partitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-file-permissions"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying permissions of certain system files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-home-permissions"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Changing home directory permissions from 755 to 700</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-umask"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Default umask</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-s-bit"><span class="title-number">11.5 </span><span class="title-name">SUID/SGID files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-world-writable-files"><span class="title-number">11.6 </span><span class="title-name">World-writable files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-orphaned"><span class="title-number">11.7 </span><span class="title-name">Orphaned or unowned files</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-cryptofs.html"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Encrypting partitions and files</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-cryptofs.html#sec-security-cryptofs-y2"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an encrypted file system with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-cryptofs.html#sec-security-cryptofs-gpg"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">Encrypting files with GPG</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-cryptofs.html#sec-security-cryptofs-rage"><span class="title-number">12.3 </span><span class="title-name">Encrypting files with Rage</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Storage encryption for hosted applications with cryptctl</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#sec-configure-cryptctl-server"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a <code class="command">cryptctl</code> server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#sec-configure-cryptctl-client"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a <code class="command">cryptctl</code> client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#sec-cryptctl-luks-fstab"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring /etc/fstab for LUKS volumes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#sec-configure-cryptctl-status"><span class="title-number">13.4 </span><span class="title-name">Checking partition unlock status using server-side commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#sec-configure-cryptctl-unlock"><span class="title-number">13.5 </span><span class="title-name">Unlocking encrypted partitions manually</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#sec-configure-cryptctl-lock"><span class="title-number">13.6 </span><span class="title-name">Maintenance downtime procedure</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#sec-configure-cryptctl-ha"><span class="title-number">13.7 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an HA environment for cryptctl-server service</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#sec-configure-cryptctl-more"><span class="title-number">13.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">User management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-accounts"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">Various account checks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-pw-aging"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling password aging</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-pw-strength"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Stronger password enforcement</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-pam"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">Password and login management with PAM</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-restrict-root"><span class="title-number">14.5 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting <code class="systemitem">root</code> logins</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-restrict-sudo"><span class="title-number">14.6 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting <code class="command">sudo</code> users</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-inactivity-logout"><span class="title-number">14.7 </span><span class="title-name">Setting an inactivity timeout for interactive shell sessions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-dos"><span class="title-number">14.8 </span><span class="title-name">Preventing accidental denial of service</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-banners"><span class="title-number">14.9 </span><span class="title-name">Displaying login banners</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-misc-account-utils"><span class="title-number">14.10 </span><span class="title-name">Connection accounting utilities</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-sec-cron-at.html"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting <code class="systemitem">cron</code> and <code class="systemitem">at</code></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-sec-cron-at.html#id-1.7.5.8.2"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting the <code class="systemitem">cron</code> daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-sec-cron-at.html#id-1.7.5.8.3"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting the <code class="systemitem">at</code> scheduler</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-spectre.html"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Spectre/Meltdown checker</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-spectre.html#sec-spectre-meltdown-options"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using <code class="command">spectre-meltdown-checker</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-spectre.html#sec-spectre-meltdown-resources"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring security settings with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html#sec-security-yast-security-overview"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Security overview</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html#sec-security-yast-security-predefined-configs"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Predefined security configurations</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html#sec-security-yast-security-password"><span class="title-number">17.3 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Password settings</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html#sec-security-yast-security-boot"><span class="title-number">17.4 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Boot settings</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html#sec-security-yast-security-login"><span class="title-number">17.5 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Login settings</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html#sec-security-yast-security-user"><span class="title-number">17.6 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">User addition</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html#sec-security-yast-security-misc"><span class="title-number">17.7 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Miscellaneous settings</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-polkit.html"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">The Polkit authentication framework</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-polkit.html#sec-security-polkit-oview"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-polkit.html#sec-security-polkit-types"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">Authorization types</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-polkit.html#sec-security-polkit-query"><span class="title-number">18.3 </span><span class="title-name">Querying Privileges</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-polkit.html#sec-security-polkit-change-modify-config"><span class="title-number">18.4 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying Polkit Configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-polkit.html#sec-security-polkit-change-defaults"><span class="title-number">18.5 </span><span class="title-name">Restoring the SUSE default privileges</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-acls.html"><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">Access control lists in Linux</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#sec-security-acls-traditional"><span class="title-number">19.1 </span><span class="title-name">Traditional file permissions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#sec-security-acls-intro"><span class="title-number">19.2 </span><span class="title-name">Advantages of ACLs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#sec-security-acls-defs"><span class="title-number">19.3 </span><span class="title-name">Definitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#sec-security-acls-handle"><span class="title-number">19.4 </span><span class="title-name">Handling ACLs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#sec-security-acls-future"><span class="title-number">19.5 </span><span class="title-name">ACL support in applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#sec-security-acls-info"><span class="title-number">19.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-aide.html"><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">Intrusion detection with AIDE</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-aide.html#sec-aide-why"><span class="title-number">20.1 </span><span class="title-name">Why use AIDE?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-aide.html#sec-aide-setup"><span class="title-number">20.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an AIDE database</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-aide.html#sec-aide-check"><span class="title-number">20.3 </span><span class="title-name">Local AIDE checks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-aide.html#sec-aide-independent"><span class="title-number">20.4 </span><span class="title-name">System independent checking</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-aide.html#sec-aide-more"><span class="title-number">20.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-network-security.html"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Network security</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-xauth.html"><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name">X Window System and X authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-ssh.html"><span class="title-number">22 </span><span class="title-name">Securing network operations with OpenSSH</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-overview"><span class="title-number">22.1 </span><span class="title-name">OpenSSH overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-server-config"><span class="title-number">22.2 </span><span class="title-name">Server hardening</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-password-auth"><span class="title-number">22.3 </span><span class="title-name">Password authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-authentic-gen-key"><span class="title-number">22.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing user and host encryption keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-sshdserver-rotation"><span class="title-number">22.5 </span><span class="title-name">Rotating host keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-public-key-auth"><span class="title-number">22.6 </span><span class="title-name">Public key authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-passphrase-less-auth"><span class="title-number">22.7 </span><span class="title-name">Passphrase-less public key authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-certificate-auth"><span class="title-number">22.8 </span><span class="title-name">OpenSSH certificate authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-gnome-keyring"><span class="title-number">22.9 </span><span class="title-name">Automated public key logins with gnome-keyring</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-authentic-agent"><span class="title-number">22.10 </span><span class="title-name">Automated public key logins with ssh-agent</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-change-passphrase"><span class="title-number">22.11 </span><span class="title-name">Changing an SSH private key passphrase</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-get-key-fingerprint"><span class="title-number">22.12 </span><span class="title-name">Retrieving a key fingerprint</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-programm-x"><span class="title-number">22.13 </span><span class="title-name">Starting X11 applications on a remote host</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-programm-forwarding"><span class="title-number">22.14 </span><span class="title-name">Agent forwarding</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-copy"><span class="title-number">22.15 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">scp</code>—secure copy</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-sftp"><span class="title-number">22.16 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">sftp</code>—secure file transfer</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-port-forwarding"><span class="title-number">22.17 </span><span class="title-name">Port forwarding (SSH tunneling)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-security-ssh-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">22.18 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-security-ssh-fail2ban"><span class="title-number">22.19 </span><span class="title-name">Stopping SSH Brute Force Attacks with Fail2Ban</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html"><span class="title-number">23 </span><span class="title-name">Masquerading and firewalls</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#sec-security-firewall-iptables"><span class="title-number">23.1 </span><span class="title-name">Packet filtering with iptables</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#sec-security-firewall-masq"><span class="title-number">23.2 </span><span class="title-name">Masquerading basics</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#sec-security-firewall-fw"><span class="title-number">23.3 </span><span class="title-name">Firewalling basics</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#sec-security-firewall-firewalld"><span class="title-number">23.4 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">firewalld</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#sec-security-firewall-upgrade"><span class="title-number">23.5 </span><span class="title-name">Migrating from SuSEfirewall2</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#sec-security-firewall-info"><span class="title-number">23.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html"><span class="title-number">24 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a VPN server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#sec-security-vpn-overview"><span class="title-number">24.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#sec-security-vpn-simplest"><span class="title-number">24.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a simple test scenario</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#sec-security-vpn-ca"><span class="title-number">24.3 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up your VPN server using a certificate authority</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#sec-security-vpn-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">24.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-xca.html"><span class="title-number">25 </span><span class="title-name">Managing a PKI with XCA, X certificate and key manager</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-xca.html#sec-security-xca-install"><span class="title-number">25.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installing XCA</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-xca.html#sec-security-xca-start"><span class="title-number">25.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a new PKI</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-sec-sysctl.html"><span class="title-number">26 </span><span class="title-name">Improving network security with <code class="command">sysctl</code> variables</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-compliance.html"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Regulations and Compliance</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-common-criteria.html"><span class="title-number">27 </span><span class="title-name">Common Criteria</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-common-criteria.html#sec-common-criteria-introduction"><span class="title-number">27.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-common-criteria.html#sec-common-criteria-eal"><span class="title-number">27.2 </span><span class="title-name">Evaluation Assurance Level (EAL)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-common-criteria.html#sec-common-criteria-principles"><span class="title-number">27.3 </span><span class="title-name">Generic guiding principles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-common-criteria.html#sec-common-criteria-more"><span class="title-number">27.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-fips.html"><span class="title-number">28 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling compliance with FIPS 140-3</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-fips.html#sec-fips-concept"><span class="title-number">28.1 </span><span class="title-name">FIPS overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-fips.html#sec-fips-use-case"><span class="title-number">28.2 </span><span class="title-name">When to enable FIPS mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-fips.html#sec-fips-samba-cifs"><span class="title-number">28.3 </span><span class="title-name">MD5 not supported in Samba/CIFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-fips.html#sec-fips-more"><span class="title-number">28.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-apparmor.html"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Confining privileges with <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-intro.html"><span class="title-number">29 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-intro.html#id-1.7.8.2.5"><span class="title-number">29.1 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> components</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-intro.html#sec-apparmor-intro-background"><span class="title-number">29.2 </span><span class="title-name">Background information on <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profiling</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-start.html"><span class="title-number">30 </span><span class="title-name">Getting started</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-start.html#sec-apparmor-start-install"><span class="title-number">30.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installing <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-start.html#sec-apparmor-start-enable"><span class="title-number">30.2 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling and disabling <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-start.html#sec-apparmor-start-choose"><span class="title-number">30.3 </span><span class="title-name">Choosing applications to profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-start.html#sec-apparmor-start-build"><span class="title-number">30.4 </span><span class="title-name">Building and modifying profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-start.html#sec-apparmor-start-update"><span class="title-number">30.5 </span><span class="title-name">Updating your profiles</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-concept.html"><span class="title-number">31 </span><span class="title-name">Immunizing programs</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-concept.html#sec-apparmor-concept-tools"><span class="title-number">31.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing the <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> framework</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-concept.html#sec-apparmor-concept-determine"><span class="title-number">31.2 </span><span class="title-name">Determining programs to immunize</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-concept.html#sec-apparmor-concept-cron"><span class="title-number">31.3 </span><span class="title-name">Immunizing <code class="systemitem">cron</code> jobs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-concept.html#sec-apparmor-concept-network"><span class="title-number">31.4 </span><span class="title-name">Immunizing network applications</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html"><span class="title-number">32 </span><span class="title-name">Profile components and syntax</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-parts"><span class="title-number">32.1 </span><span class="title-name">Breaking an <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile into its parts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-types"><span class="title-number">32.2 </span><span class="title-name">Profile types</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-includes"><span class="title-number">32.3 </span><span class="title-name">Include statements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-capabilities"><span class="title-number">32.4 </span><span class="title-name">Capability entries (POSIX.1e)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-nac"><span class="title-number">32.5 </span><span class="title-name">Network access control</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-glob"><span class="title-number">32.6 </span><span class="title-name">Profile names, flags, paths, and globbing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-perm"><span class="title-number">32.7 </span><span class="title-name">File permission access modes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-mount"><span class="title-number">32.8 </span><span class="title-name">Mount rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-pivot-root"><span class="title-number">32.9 </span><span class="title-name">Pivot root rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-ptrace"><span class="title-number">32.10 </span><span class="title-name">PTrace rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-signal"><span class="title-number">32.11 </span><span class="title-name">Signal rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-exec"><span class="title-number">32.12 </span><span class="title-name">Execute modes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-rlimit"><span class="title-number">32.13 </span><span class="title-name">Resource limit control</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-audit"><span class="title-number">32.14 </span><span class="title-name">Auditing rules</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-repos.html"><span class="title-number">33 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-yast.html"><span class="title-number">34 </span><span class="title-name">Building and managing profiles with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-yast.html#sec-apparmor-yast-add"><span class="title-number">34.1 </span><span class="title-name">Manually adding a profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-yast.html#sec-apparmor-yast-edit"><span class="title-number">34.2 </span><span class="title-name">Editing profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-yast.html#sec-apparmor-yast-del"><span class="title-number">34.3 </span><span class="title-name">Deleting a profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-yast.html#sec-apparmor-yast-manage"><span class="title-number">34.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html"><span class="title-number">35 </span><span class="title-name">Building profiles from the command line</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#sec-apparmor-commandline-status"><span class="title-number">35.1 </span><span class="title-name">Checking the <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> status</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#sec-apparmor-commandline-build"><span class="title-number">35.2 </span><span class="title-name">Building <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#sec-apparmor-commandline-add"><span class="title-number">35.3 </span><span class="title-name">Adding or creating an <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#sec-apparmor-commandline-edit"><span class="title-number">35.4 </span><span class="title-name">Editing an <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#sec-apparmor-commandline-unload"><span class="title-number">35.5 </span><span class="title-name">Unloading unknown <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#sec-apparmor-commandline-del"><span class="title-number">35.6 </span><span class="title-name">Deleting an <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#sec-apparmor-commandline-profiling"><span class="title-number">35.7 </span><span class="title-name">Two methods of profiling</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#sec-apparmor-commandline-filenames"><span class="title-number">35.8 </span><span class="title-name">Important file names and directories</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-hat.html"><span class="title-number">36 </span><span class="title-name">Profiling your Web applications using ChangeHat</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-hat.html#sec-apparmor-hat-config"><span class="title-number">36.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring Apache for <code class="systemitem">mod_apparmor</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-hat.html#sec-apparmor-hat-apache-managing"><span class="title-number">36.2 </span><span class="title-name">Managing ChangeHat-aware applications</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-pam.html"><span class="title-number">37 </span><span class="title-name">Confining users with <code class="systemitem">pam_apparmor</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-managing.html"><span class="title-number">38 </span><span class="title-name">Managing profiled applications</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-managing.html#sec-apparmor-managing-react"><span class="title-number">38.1 </span><span class="title-name">Reacting to security event rejections</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-managing.html#sec-apparmor-managing-maintain"><span class="title-number">38.2 </span><span class="title-name">Maintaining your security profiles</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-support.html"><span class="title-number">39 </span><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-support.html#sec-apparmor-support-updating"><span class="title-number">39.1 </span><span class="title-name">Updating <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> online</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-support.html#sec-apparmor-support-man"><span class="title-number">39.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using the man pages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-support.html#sec-apparmor-support-info"><span class="title-number">39.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-support.html#sec-apparmor-support-trouble"><span class="title-number">39.4 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-support.html#sec-apparmor-support-bugs"><span class="title-number">39.5 </span><span class="title-name">Reporting bugs for <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-glossary.html"><span class="title-number">40 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> glossary</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-audit.html"><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">The Linux Audit Framework</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html"><span class="title-number">41 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding Linux audit</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-bigpicture"><span class="title-number">41.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing the components of Linux audit</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-auditd"><span class="title-number">41.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the audit daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-auditctl"><span class="title-number">41.3 </span><span class="title-name">Controlling the audit system using <code class="command">auditctl</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-rules"><span class="title-number">41.4 </span><span class="title-name">Passing parameters to the audit system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-aureport"><span class="title-number">41.5 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding the audit logs and generating reports</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-ausearch"><span class="title-number">41.6 </span><span class="title-name">Querying the audit daemon logs with <code class="command">ausearch</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-autrace"><span class="title-number">41.7 </span><span class="title-name">Analyzing processes with <code class="command">autrace</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-auviz"><span class="title-number">41.8 </span><span class="title-name">Visualizing audit data</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-audisp"><span class="title-number">41.9 </span><span class="title-name">Relaying audit event notifications</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-audit-setup.html"><span class="title-number">42 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up the Linux audit framework</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-setup.html#sec-audit-choose"><span class="title-number">42.1 </span><span class="title-name">Determining the components to audit</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-setup.html#sec-audit-config"><span class="title-number">42.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the audit daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-setup.html#sec-audit-syscall"><span class="title-number">42.3 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling audit for system calls</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-setup.html#sec-audit-aurules"><span class="title-number">42.4 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up audit rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-setup.html#sec-audit-aurepo"><span class="title-number">42.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring audit reports</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-setup.html#sec-audit-viz"><span class="title-number">42.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring log visualization</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html"><span class="title-number">43 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing an audit rule set</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html#sec-audit-scenbasic"><span class="title-number">43.1 </span><span class="title-name">Adding basic audit configuration parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html#sec-audit-scenauconf"><span class="title-number">43.2 </span><span class="title-name">Adding watches on audit log files and configuration files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html#sec-audit-scenfs"><span class="title-number">43.3 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring file system objects</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html#sec-audit-scensecurity"><span class="title-number">43.4 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring security configuration files and databases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html#sec-audit-scenmisc"><span class="title-number">43.5 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring miscellaneous system calls</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html#sec-audit-scenipc"><span class="title-number">43.6 </span><span class="title-name">Filtering system call arguments</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html#sec-audit-scenkeys"><span class="title-number">43.7 </span><span class="title-name">Managing audit event records using keys</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-audit-moreinfo.html"><span class="title-number">44 </span><span class="title-name">Useful resources</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="bk05apa.html"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="bk05apa.html#id-1.7.10.4"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-nis.html#fig-inst-nisclient"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">Setting domain and address of a NIS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#fig-ldap-tree"><span class="number">5.1 </span><span class="name">Structure of an LDAP directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#fig-ad-schema"><span class="number">7.1 </span><span class="name">Schema of Winbind-based Active Directory authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#fig-security-logonmanagement"><span class="number">7.2 </span><span class="name">Main window of <span class="guimenu">User logon management</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#fig-security-logonmanagement-enroll"><span class="number">7.3 </span><span class="name">Enrolling into a domain</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#fig-security-logonmanagement-configure"><span class="number">7.4 </span><span class="name">Configuration window of <span class="guimenu">User logon management</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#fig-ad-smbclient"><span class="number">7.5 </span><span class="name">Determining Windows domain membership</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#fig-ad-join1"><span class="number">7.6 </span><span class="name">Providing administrator credentials</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#fig-cryptctl-retrieve"><span class="number">13.1 </span><span class="name">Key retrieval with <code class="command">cryptctl</code> (model without connection to KMIP server)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-spectre.html#fig-spectre-meltdown-output"><span class="number">16.1 </span><span class="name">Output from spectre-meltdown-checker</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html#fig-yast-security-overview"><span class="number">17.1 </span><span class="name">YaST security center and hardening: security overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#fig-acls-map-mini"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">Minimum ACL: ACL entries compared to permission bits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#fig-acls-map-ext"><span class="number">19.2 </span><span class="name">Extended ACL: ACL entries compared to permission bits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-ssh.html#fig-fail2ban-jail-local"><span class="number">22.1 </span><span class="name"><span class="emphasis"><em>jail.local </em></span>file settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#fig-fire-table"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">iptables: a packet's possible paths</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#fig-vpn-scenario-routed-1"><span class="number">24.1 </span><span class="name">Routed VPN</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#fig-vpn-scenario-briged-1"><span class="number">24.2 </span><span class="name">Bridged VPN - scenario 1</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#fig-vpn-scenario-briged-2"><span class="number">24.3 </span><span class="name">Bridged VPN - scenario 2</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#fig-vpn-scenario-briged-3"><span class="number">24.4 </span><span class="name">Bridged VPN - scenario 3</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-xca.html#fig-xca-newdb"><span class="number">25.1 </span><span class="name">Create a new XCA database</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#id-1.7.8.8.11.9.15.6"><span class="number">35.1 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">aa-notify Message in GNOME</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-apparmor-hat.html#id-1.7.8.9.20.3.5.5.2"><span class="number">36.1 </span><span class="name">Adminer login page</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#fig-audit-components"><span class="number">41.1 </span><span class="name">Introducing the components of Linux audit</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#fig-audit-mkgraph"><span class="number">41.2 </span><span class="name">Flow graph—program versus system call relationship</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#fig-audit-mkbar"><span class="number">41.3 </span><span class="name">Bar chart—common event types</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#tab-ldap-schema"><span class="number">5.1 </span><span class="name">Commonly used object classes and attributes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#tab-parameters"><span class="number">13.1 </span><span class="name">List of all parameters to define the resource group with the cryptctl crm script.</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#id-1.7.5.7.6.7.4"><span class="number">14.1 </span><span class="name">Sample rules/constraints for password enforcement</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#tab-entrytype"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">ACL entry types</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#tab-mask"><span class="number">19.2 </span><span class="name">Masking access permissions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-aide.html#tab-aide-options"><span class="number">20.1 </span><span class="name">Important AIDE check boxes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#tab-security-firewall-sysconfigports"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Important sysconfig variables for static port configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-apparmor-support.html#id-1.7.8.12.5.3"><span class="number">39.1 </span><span class="name">Man pages: sections and categories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#tab-audit-auditctl"><span class="number">41.1 </span><span class="name">Audit status flags</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-pam.html#dat-pam-sshd"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">PAM configuration for sshd (<code class="filename">/etc/pam.d/sshd</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-pam.html#dat-pam-common-auth"><span class="number">2.2 </span><span class="name">Default configuration for the <code class="literal">auth</code> section (<code class="filename">common-auth</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-pam.html#dat-pam-common-account"><span class="number">2.3 </span><span class="name">Default configuration for the <code class="literal">account</code> section (<code class="filename">common-account</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-pam.html#dat-pam-common-password"><span class="number">2.4 </span><span class="name">Default configuration for the <code class="literal">password</code> section (<code class="filename">common-password</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-pam.html#dat-pam-common-session"><span class="number">2.5 </span><span class="name">Default configuration for the <code class="literal">session</code> section (<code class="filename">common-session</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-pam.html#dat-pam-pamenv"><span class="number">2.6 </span><span class="name">pam_env.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#aus-ldap-schema-help"><span class="number">5.1 </span><span class="name">Excerpt from CN=schema</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#ex-ldap-389-ds-inf"><span class="number">5.2 </span><span class="name">Minimal 389 Directory Server instance configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#ex-security-ldap-server-credentials-local"><span class="number">5.3 </span><span class="name">A <code class="filename">.dsrc</code> file for local administration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#ex-ldap-replication-two-replicas"><span class="number">5.4 </span><span class="name">Two supplier replicas</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#ex-ldap-replication-four-replicas"><span class="number">5.5 </span><span class="name">Four supplier replicas</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#ex-ldap-replication-six-replicas"><span class="number">5.6 </span><span class="name">Six replicas</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#ex-ldap-replication-six-replicas-read-only"><span class="number">5.7 </span><span class="name">Six replicas with read-only consumers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-physical-security.html#usbguard-config-file-ipcaccess"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-ssh.html#ex-sshd-conf"><span class="number">22.1 </span><span class="name">Example sshd_config</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#ex-security-firewall-nfscallback"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Callback port configuration for the <code class="literal">nfs</code> kernel module in <code class="filename">/etc/modprobe.d/60-nfs.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#ex-security-firewall-newrpcservice"><span class="number">23.2 </span><span class="name">Commands to define a new <code class="systemitem">firewalld</code> RPC service for NFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#ex-vpn-serv-config"><span class="number">24.1 </span><span class="name">VPN server configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#id-1.7.6.6.5.7.3"><span class="number">24.2 </span><span class="name">VPN client configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-apparmor-start.html#ex-unconfined"><span class="number">30.1 </span><span class="name">Output of <code class="command">aa-unconfined</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#ex-apparmor-commandline-profiling-summary-genprof-learn"><span class="number">35.1 </span><span class="name">Learning mode exception: controlling access to specific resources</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#ex-apparmor-commandline-profiling-summary-genprof-perms"><span class="number">35.2 </span><span class="name">Learning mode exception: defining permissions for an entry</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#id-1.7.9.3.8.3"><span class="number">41.1 </span><span class="name">Default /etc/audit/auditd.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#ex-auditctl-status"><span class="number">41.2 </span><span class="name">Example output of <code class="command">auditctl</code> <code class="option">-s</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#ex-audit-rules-sysparam"><span class="number">41.3 </span><span class="name">Example audit rules—audit system parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#ex-audit-rules-fs"><span class="number">41.4 </span><span class="name">Example audit rules—file system auditing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#ex-audit-rules-syscall"><span class="number">41.5 </span><span class="name">Example audit rules—system call auditing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#ex-audit-ruledel"><span class="number">41.6 </span><span class="name">Deleting audit rules and events</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#id-1.7.9.3.10.16"><span class="number">41.7 </span><span class="name">Listing rules with <code class="command">auditctl</code> <code class="option">-l</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#ex-audit-aureport-logtrail"><span class="number">41.8 </span><span class="name">A simple audit event—viewing the audit log</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#ex-audit-aureport-sshd"><span class="number">41.9 </span><span class="name">An advanced audit event—login via SSH</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#id-1.7.9.3.15.5"><span class="number">41.10 </span><span class="name">Example /etc/audit/auditd.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#id-1.7.9.3.15.8"><span class="number">41.11 </span><span class="name">Example /etc/audit/plugins.d/syslog.conf</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.7.1.5"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-security/index.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-security/index.html
index 24d4e6b0f5..d0a4c9bc7f 100644
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@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_security.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">Security and Hardening Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">Security and Hardening Guide</div><ol><li><a href="preface-security.html" class=" "><span class="title-number"> </span><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Security and confidentiality</span></a></li><li><a href="part-auth.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Authentication</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-pam.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Authentication with PAM</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-nis.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Using NIS</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-auth.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up authentication clients using YaST</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-ldap.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">LDAP with 389 Directory Server</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Network authentication with Kerberos</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-ad.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Active Directory support</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-freeradius.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a freeRADIUS server</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-local-security.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Local security</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-physical-security.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Physical security</span></a></li><li><a href="sec-sec-software-management.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Software management</span></a></li><li><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">File management</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-cryptofs.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Encrypting partitions and files</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Storage encryption for hosted applications with cryptctl</span></a></li><li><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">User management</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-sec-cron-at.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting <code class="systemitem">cron</code> and <code class="systemitem">at</code></span></a></li><li><a href="cha-spectre.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Spectre/Meltdown checker</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring security settings with YaST</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-polkit.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">The Polkit authentication framework</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-acls.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">Access control lists in Linux</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-aide.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">Intrusion detection with AIDE</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-network-security.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Network security</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-xauth.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name">X Window System and X authentication</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-ssh.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">22 </span><span class="title-name">Securing network operations with OpenSSH</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-firewall.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">23 </span><span class="title-name">Masquerading and firewalls</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">24 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a VPN server</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-xca.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">25 </span><span class="title-name">Managing a PKI with XCA, X certificate and key manager</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-sec-sysctl.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">26 </span><span class="title-name">Improving network security with <code class="command">sysctl</code> variables</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-compliance.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Regulations and Compliance</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-common-criteria.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">27 </span><span class="title-name">Common Criteria</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-fips.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">28 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling compliance with FIPS 140-3</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-apparmor.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Confining privileges with <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-apparmor-intro.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">29 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-start.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">30 </span><span class="title-name">Getting started</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-concept.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">31 </span><span class="title-name">Immunizing programs</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">32 </span><span class="title-name">Profile components and syntax</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-repos.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">33 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile repositories</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-yast.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">34 </span><span class="title-name">Building and managing profiles with YaST</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">35 </span><span class="title-name">Building profiles from the command line</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-hat.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">36 </span><span class="title-name">Profiling your Web applications using ChangeHat</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-pam.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">37 </span><span class="title-name">Confining users with <code class="systemitem">pam_apparmor</code></span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-managing.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">38 </span><span class="title-name">Managing profiled applications</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-support.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">39 </span><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-glossary.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">40 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> glossary</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-audit.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">The Linux Audit Framework</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-audit-comp.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">41 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding Linux audit</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-audit-setup.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">42 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up the Linux audit framework</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">43 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing an audit rule set</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-audit-moreinfo.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">44 </span><span class="title-name">Useful resources</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="bk05apa.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></li> </ol> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-security" data-id-title="Security and Hardening Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">Security and Hardening Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_security.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p> This guide introduces basic concepts of system
      security and describes the usage of security software included with the product,
      such as <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span>, SELinux, or the auditing system. The guide also supports system
-     administrators in hardening an installation. </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-security.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Security and Hardening Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+     administrators in hardening an installation. </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-security.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Security and Hardening Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="preface-security.html"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-security.html#id-1.7.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-security.html#id-1.7.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-security.html#id-1.7.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-security.html#id-1.7.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security.html"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Security and confidentiality</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-overview"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-passwords"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Passwords</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-sec-prot-general-backups"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Backups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-integrity"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">System integrity</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-file-access"><span class="title-number">1.5 </span><span class="title-name">File access</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-network"><span class="title-number">1.6 </span><span class="title-name">Networking</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-vulnerabilities"><span class="title-number">1.7 </span><span class="title-name">Software vulnerabilities</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-malware"><span class="title-number">1.8 </span><span class="title-name">Malware</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-tips"><span class="title-number">1.9 </span><span class="title-name">Important security tips</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-general-report"><span class="title-number">1.10 </span><span class="title-name">Reporting security issues</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-auth.html"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Authentication</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-pam.html"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Authentication with PAM</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-pam.html#sec-security-pam-whatis"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">What is PAM?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-pam.html#sec-pam-struc-files"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Structure of a PAM configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-pam.html#sec-pam-struc-format"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">The PAM configuration of sshd</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-pam.html#sec-pam-struc-conf"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration of PAM modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-pam.html#sec-pam-pam-config"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring PAM using pam-config</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-pam.html#sec-pam-manual-config"><span class="title-number">2.6 </span><span class="title-name">Manually configuring PAM</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-pam.html#sec-pam-login"><span class="title-number">2.7 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring  U2F keys for local login</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-pam.html#sec-pam-info"><span class="title-number">2.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-nis.html"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Using NIS</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nis.html#sec-nis-server-sled"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring NIS servers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nis.html#sec-nis-client"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring NIS clients</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-auth.html"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up authentication clients using YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-auth.html#sec-security-auth-yast-client"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring an authentication client with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-auth.html#sec-security-auth-sssd"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">SSSD</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">LDAP with 389 Directory Server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-tree"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Structure of an LDAP directory tree</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-docker-container"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating and managing a Docker container for 389 Directory Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-server-install"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing 389 Directory Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-firewall"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Firewall configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-backup"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">Backing up and restoring 389 Directory Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-server-users"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing LDAP users and groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-modules"><span class="title-number">5.7 </span><span class="title-name">Managing plug-ins</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-server-sssd"><span class="title-number">5.8 </span><span class="title-name">Using SSSD to manage LDAP authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-migrate"><span class="title-number">5.9 </span><span class="title-name">Migrating to 389 Directory Server from OpenLDAP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-server-ca"><span class="title-number">5.10 </span><span class="title-name">Importing TLS server certificates and keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-replication"><span class="title-number">5.11 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up replication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-active-directory-sync"><span class="title-number">5.12 </span><span class="title-name">Synchronizing with Microsoft Active Directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-info"><span class="title-number">5.13 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Network authentication with Kerberos</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html#sec-security-kerberos-overview"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html#sec-security-kerberos-terms"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Kerberos terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html#sec-security-kerberos-how"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">How Kerberos works</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html#sec-security-kerberos-users"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">User view of Kerberos</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html#sec-security-kerberos-nfs"><span class="title-number">6.5 </span><span class="title-name">Kerberos and NFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html#sec-security-kerberos-info"><span class="title-number">6.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-ad.html"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Active Directory support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#sec-security-ad-integrate"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Integrating Linux and Active Directory environments</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#sec-security-ad-background"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Background information for Linux Active Directory support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#sec-security-ad-config"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a Linux client for Active Directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#sec-security-ad-login"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Logging in to an Active Directory domain</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#sec-security-ad-passwd"><span class="title-number">7.5 </span><span class="title-name">Changing passwords</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#sec-active-directory-certificate-auto-enrollment"><span class="title-number">7.6 </span><span class="title-name">Active Directory certificate auto-enrollment</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-freeradius.html"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a freeRADIUS server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-freeradius.html#sec-test-radiusd"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installation and testing on <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span></span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-local-security.html"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Local security</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-physical-security.html"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Physical security</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-physical-security.html#sec-sec-prot-general-physical-locks"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">System locks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-physical-security.html#sec-sec-prot-general-bios"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Locking down the BIOS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-physical-security.html#sec-sec-prot-general-bootloader"><span class="title-number">9.3 </span><span class="title-name">Security via the boot loaders</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-physical-security.html#sec-sec-prot-general-retiring"><span class="title-number">9.4 </span><span class="title-name">Retiring Linux servers with sensitive data</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-physical-security.html#sec-sec-prot-general-removable-media"><span class="title-number">9.5 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting access to removable media</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-physical-security.html#sec-USBGuard"><span class="title-number">9.6 </span><span class="title-name">System protection with enforced USB device authorization via <span class="emphasis"><em>USBGuard</em></span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="sec-sec-software-management.html"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Software management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-software-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-remove-packs"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">Removing unnecessary software packages (RPMs)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-software-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-patching"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Patching Linux systems</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">File management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-partitions"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Disk partitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-file-permissions"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying permissions of certain system files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-home-permissions"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Changing home directory permissions from 755 to 700</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-umask"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Default umask</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-s-bit"><span class="title-number">11.5 </span><span class="title-name">SUID/SGID files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-world-writable-files"><span class="title-number">11.6 </span><span class="title-name">World-writable files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-orphaned"><span class="title-number">11.7 </span><span class="title-name">Orphaned or unowned files</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-cryptofs.html"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Encrypting partitions and files</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-cryptofs.html#sec-security-cryptofs-y2"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an encrypted file system with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-cryptofs.html#sec-security-cryptofs-gpg"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">Encrypting files with GPG</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-cryptofs.html#sec-security-cryptofs-rage"><span class="title-number">12.3 </span><span class="title-name">Encrypting files with Rage</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Storage encryption for hosted applications with cryptctl</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#sec-configure-cryptctl-server"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a <code class="command">cryptctl</code> server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#sec-configure-cryptctl-client"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a <code class="command">cryptctl</code> client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#sec-cryptctl-luks-fstab"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring /etc/fstab for LUKS volumes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#sec-configure-cryptctl-status"><span class="title-number">13.4 </span><span class="title-name">Checking partition unlock status using server-side commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#sec-configure-cryptctl-unlock"><span class="title-number">13.5 </span><span class="title-name">Unlocking encrypted partitions manually</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#sec-configure-cryptctl-lock"><span class="title-number">13.6 </span><span class="title-name">Maintenance downtime procedure</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#sec-configure-cryptctl-ha"><span class="title-number">13.7 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an HA environment for cryptctl-server service</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#sec-configure-cryptctl-more"><span class="title-number">13.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">User management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-accounts"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">Various account checks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-pw-aging"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling password aging</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-pw-strength"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Stronger password enforcement</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-pam"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">Password and login management with PAM</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-restrict-root"><span class="title-number">14.5 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting <code class="systemitem">root</code> logins</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-restrict-sudo"><span class="title-number">14.6 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting <code class="command">sudo</code> users</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-inactivity-logout"><span class="title-number">14.7 </span><span class="title-name">Setting an inactivity timeout for interactive shell sessions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-dos"><span class="title-number">14.8 </span><span class="title-name">Preventing accidental denial of service</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-banners"><span class="title-number">14.9 </span><span class="title-name">Displaying login banners</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-misc-account-utils"><span class="title-number">14.10 </span><span class="title-name">Connection accounting utilities</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-sec-cron-at.html"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting <code class="systemitem">cron</code> and <code class="systemitem">at</code></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-sec-cron-at.html#id-1.7.5.8.2"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting the <code class="systemitem">cron</code> daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-sec-cron-at.html#id-1.7.5.8.3"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting the <code class="systemitem">at</code> scheduler</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-spectre.html"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Spectre/Meltdown checker</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-spectre.html#sec-spectre-meltdown-options"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using <code class="command">spectre-meltdown-checker</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-spectre.html#sec-spectre-meltdown-resources"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring security settings with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html#sec-security-yast-security-overview"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Security overview</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html#sec-security-yast-security-predefined-configs"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Predefined security configurations</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html#sec-security-yast-security-password"><span class="title-number">17.3 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Password settings</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html#sec-security-yast-security-boot"><span class="title-number">17.4 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Boot settings</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html#sec-security-yast-security-login"><span class="title-number">17.5 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Login settings</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html#sec-security-yast-security-user"><span class="title-number">17.6 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">User addition</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html#sec-security-yast-security-misc"><span class="title-number">17.7 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Miscellaneous settings</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-polkit.html"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">The Polkit authentication framework</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-polkit.html#sec-security-polkit-oview"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-polkit.html#sec-security-polkit-types"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">Authorization types</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-polkit.html#sec-security-polkit-query"><span class="title-number">18.3 </span><span class="title-name">Querying Privileges</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-polkit.html#sec-security-polkit-change-modify-config"><span class="title-number">18.4 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying Polkit Configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-polkit.html#sec-security-polkit-change-defaults"><span class="title-number">18.5 </span><span class="title-name">Restoring the SUSE default privileges</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-acls.html"><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">Access control lists in Linux</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#sec-security-acls-traditional"><span class="title-number">19.1 </span><span class="title-name">Traditional file permissions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#sec-security-acls-intro"><span class="title-number">19.2 </span><span class="title-name">Advantages of ACLs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#sec-security-acls-defs"><span class="title-number">19.3 </span><span class="title-name">Definitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#sec-security-acls-handle"><span class="title-number">19.4 </span><span class="title-name">Handling ACLs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#sec-security-acls-future"><span class="title-number">19.5 </span><span class="title-name">ACL support in applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#sec-security-acls-info"><span class="title-number">19.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-aide.html"><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">Intrusion detection with AIDE</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-aide.html#sec-aide-why"><span class="title-number">20.1 </span><span class="title-name">Why use AIDE?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-aide.html#sec-aide-setup"><span class="title-number">20.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an AIDE database</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-aide.html#sec-aide-check"><span class="title-number">20.3 </span><span class="title-name">Local AIDE checks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-aide.html#sec-aide-independent"><span class="title-number">20.4 </span><span class="title-name">System independent checking</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-aide.html#sec-aide-more"><span class="title-number">20.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-network-security.html"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Network security</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-xauth.html"><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name">X Window System and X authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-ssh.html"><span class="title-number">22 </span><span class="title-name">Securing network operations with OpenSSH</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-overview"><span class="title-number">22.1 </span><span class="title-name">OpenSSH overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-server-config"><span class="title-number">22.2 </span><span class="title-name">Server hardening</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-password-auth"><span class="title-number">22.3 </span><span class="title-name">Password authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-authentic-gen-key"><span class="title-number">22.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing user and host encryption keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-sshdserver-rotation"><span class="title-number">22.5 </span><span class="title-name">Rotating host keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-public-key-auth"><span class="title-number">22.6 </span><span class="title-name">Public key authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-passphrase-less-auth"><span class="title-number">22.7 </span><span class="title-name">Passphrase-less public key authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-certificate-auth"><span class="title-number">22.8 </span><span class="title-name">OpenSSH certificate authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-gnome-keyring"><span class="title-number">22.9 </span><span class="title-name">Automated public key logins with gnome-keyring</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-authentic-agent"><span class="title-number">22.10 </span><span class="title-name">Automated public key logins with ssh-agent</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-change-passphrase"><span class="title-number">22.11 </span><span class="title-name">Changing an SSH private key passphrase</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-get-key-fingerprint"><span class="title-number">22.12 </span><span class="title-name">Retrieving a key fingerprint</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-programm-x"><span class="title-number">22.13 </span><span class="title-name">Starting X11 applications on a remote host</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-programm-forwarding"><span class="title-number">22.14 </span><span class="title-name">Agent forwarding</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-copy"><span class="title-number">22.15 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">scp</code>—secure copy</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-sftp"><span class="title-number">22.16 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">sftp</code>—secure file transfer</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-port-forwarding"><span class="title-number">22.17 </span><span class="title-name">Port forwarding (SSH tunneling)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-security-ssh-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">22.18 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-security-ssh-fail2ban"><span class="title-number">22.19 </span><span class="title-name">Stopping SSH Brute Force Attacks with Fail2Ban</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html"><span class="title-number">23 </span><span class="title-name">Masquerading and firewalls</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#sec-security-firewall-iptables"><span class="title-number">23.1 </span><span class="title-name">Packet filtering with iptables</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#sec-security-firewall-masq"><span class="title-number">23.2 </span><span class="title-name">Masquerading basics</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#sec-security-firewall-fw"><span class="title-number">23.3 </span><span class="title-name">Firewalling basics</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#sec-security-firewall-firewalld"><span class="title-number">23.4 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">firewalld</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#sec-security-firewall-upgrade"><span class="title-number">23.5 </span><span class="title-name">Migrating from SuSEfirewall2</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#sec-security-firewall-info"><span class="title-number">23.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html"><span class="title-number">24 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a VPN server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#sec-security-vpn-overview"><span class="title-number">24.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#sec-security-vpn-simplest"><span class="title-number">24.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a simple test scenario</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#sec-security-vpn-ca"><span class="title-number">24.3 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up your VPN server using a certificate authority</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#sec-security-vpn-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">24.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-xca.html"><span class="title-number">25 </span><span class="title-name">Managing a PKI with XCA, X certificate and key manager</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-xca.html#sec-security-xca-install"><span class="title-number">25.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installing XCA</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-xca.html#sec-security-xca-start"><span class="title-number">25.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a new PKI</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-sec-sysctl.html"><span class="title-number">26 </span><span class="title-name">Improving network security with <code class="command">sysctl</code> variables</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-compliance.html"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Regulations and Compliance</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-common-criteria.html"><span class="title-number">27 </span><span class="title-name">Common Criteria</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-common-criteria.html#sec-common-criteria-introduction"><span class="title-number">27.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-common-criteria.html#sec-common-criteria-eal"><span class="title-number">27.2 </span><span class="title-name">Evaluation Assurance Level (EAL)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-common-criteria.html#sec-common-criteria-principles"><span class="title-number">27.3 </span><span class="title-name">Generic guiding principles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-common-criteria.html#sec-common-criteria-more"><span class="title-number">27.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-fips.html"><span class="title-number">28 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling compliance with FIPS 140-3</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-fips.html#sec-fips-concept"><span class="title-number">28.1 </span><span class="title-name">FIPS overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-fips.html#sec-fips-use-case"><span class="title-number">28.2 </span><span class="title-name">When to enable FIPS mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-fips.html#sec-fips-samba-cifs"><span class="title-number">28.3 </span><span class="title-name">MD5 not supported in Samba/CIFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-fips.html#sec-fips-more"><span class="title-number">28.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-apparmor.html"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Confining privileges with <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-intro.html"><span class="title-number">29 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-intro.html#id-1.7.8.2.5"><span class="title-number">29.1 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> components</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-intro.html#sec-apparmor-intro-background"><span class="title-number">29.2 </span><span class="title-name">Background information on <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profiling</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-start.html"><span class="title-number">30 </span><span class="title-name">Getting started</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-start.html#sec-apparmor-start-install"><span class="title-number">30.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installing <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-start.html#sec-apparmor-start-enable"><span class="title-number">30.2 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling and disabling <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-start.html#sec-apparmor-start-choose"><span class="title-number">30.3 </span><span class="title-name">Choosing applications to profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-start.html#sec-apparmor-start-build"><span class="title-number">30.4 </span><span class="title-name">Building and modifying profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-start.html#sec-apparmor-start-update"><span class="title-number">30.5 </span><span class="title-name">Updating your profiles</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-concept.html"><span class="title-number">31 </span><span class="title-name">Immunizing programs</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-concept.html#sec-apparmor-concept-tools"><span class="title-number">31.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing the <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> framework</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-concept.html#sec-apparmor-concept-determine"><span class="title-number">31.2 </span><span class="title-name">Determining programs to immunize</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-concept.html#sec-apparmor-concept-cron"><span class="title-number">31.3 </span><span class="title-name">Immunizing <code class="systemitem">cron</code> jobs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-concept.html#sec-apparmor-concept-network"><span class="title-number">31.4 </span><span class="title-name">Immunizing network applications</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html"><span class="title-number">32 </span><span class="title-name">Profile components and syntax</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-parts"><span class="title-number">32.1 </span><span class="title-name">Breaking an <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile into its parts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-types"><span class="title-number">32.2 </span><span class="title-name">Profile types</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-includes"><span class="title-number">32.3 </span><span class="title-name">Include statements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-capabilities"><span class="title-number">32.4 </span><span class="title-name">Capability entries (POSIX.1e)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-nac"><span class="title-number">32.5 </span><span class="title-name">Network access control</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-glob"><span class="title-number">32.6 </span><span class="title-name">Profile names, flags, paths, and globbing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-perm"><span class="title-number">32.7 </span><span class="title-name">File permission access modes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-mount"><span class="title-number">32.8 </span><span class="title-name">Mount rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-pivot-root"><span class="title-number">32.9 </span><span class="title-name">Pivot root rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-ptrace"><span class="title-number">32.10 </span><span class="title-name">PTrace rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-signal"><span class="title-number">32.11 </span><span class="title-name">Signal rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-exec"><span class="title-number">32.12 </span><span class="title-name">Execute modes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-rlimit"><span class="title-number">32.13 </span><span class="title-name">Resource limit control</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-audit"><span class="title-number">32.14 </span><span class="title-name">Auditing rules</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-repos.html"><span class="title-number">33 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-yast.html"><span class="title-number">34 </span><span class="title-name">Building and managing profiles with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-yast.html#sec-apparmor-yast-add"><span class="title-number">34.1 </span><span class="title-name">Manually adding a profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-yast.html#sec-apparmor-yast-edit"><span class="title-number">34.2 </span><span class="title-name">Editing profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-yast.html#sec-apparmor-yast-del"><span class="title-number">34.3 </span><span class="title-name">Deleting a profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-yast.html#sec-apparmor-yast-manage"><span class="title-number">34.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html"><span class="title-number">35 </span><span class="title-name">Building profiles from the command line</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#sec-apparmor-commandline-status"><span class="title-number">35.1 </span><span class="title-name">Checking the <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> status</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#sec-apparmor-commandline-build"><span class="title-number">35.2 </span><span class="title-name">Building <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#sec-apparmor-commandline-add"><span class="title-number">35.3 </span><span class="title-name">Adding or creating an <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#sec-apparmor-commandline-edit"><span class="title-number">35.4 </span><span class="title-name">Editing an <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#sec-apparmor-commandline-unload"><span class="title-number">35.5 </span><span class="title-name">Unloading unknown <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#sec-apparmor-commandline-del"><span class="title-number">35.6 </span><span class="title-name">Deleting an <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#sec-apparmor-commandline-profiling"><span class="title-number">35.7 </span><span class="title-name">Two methods of profiling</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#sec-apparmor-commandline-filenames"><span class="title-number">35.8 </span><span class="title-name">Important file names and directories</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-hat.html"><span class="title-number">36 </span><span class="title-name">Profiling your Web applications using ChangeHat</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-hat.html#sec-apparmor-hat-config"><span class="title-number">36.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring Apache for <code class="systemitem">mod_apparmor</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-hat.html#sec-apparmor-hat-apache-managing"><span class="title-number">36.2 </span><span class="title-name">Managing ChangeHat-aware applications</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-pam.html"><span class="title-number">37 </span><span class="title-name">Confining users with <code class="systemitem">pam_apparmor</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-managing.html"><span class="title-number">38 </span><span class="title-name">Managing profiled applications</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-managing.html#sec-apparmor-managing-react"><span class="title-number">38.1 </span><span class="title-name">Reacting to security event rejections</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-managing.html#sec-apparmor-managing-maintain"><span class="title-number">38.2 </span><span class="title-name">Maintaining your security profiles</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-support.html"><span class="title-number">39 </span><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-support.html#sec-apparmor-support-updating"><span class="title-number">39.1 </span><span class="title-name">Updating <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> online</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-support.html#sec-apparmor-support-man"><span class="title-number">39.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using the man pages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-support.html#sec-apparmor-support-info"><span class="title-number">39.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-support.html#sec-apparmor-support-trouble"><span class="title-number">39.4 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-support.html#sec-apparmor-support-bugs"><span class="title-number">39.5 </span><span class="title-name">Reporting bugs for <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-glossary.html"><span class="title-number">40 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> glossary</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-audit.html"><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">The Linux Audit Framework</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html"><span class="title-number">41 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding Linux audit</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-bigpicture"><span class="title-number">41.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing the components of Linux audit</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-auditd"><span class="title-number">41.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the audit daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-auditctl"><span class="title-number">41.3 </span><span class="title-name">Controlling the audit system using <code class="command">auditctl</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-rules"><span class="title-number">41.4 </span><span class="title-name">Passing parameters to the audit system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-aureport"><span class="title-number">41.5 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding the audit logs and generating reports</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-ausearch"><span class="title-number">41.6 </span><span class="title-name">Querying the audit daemon logs with <code class="command">ausearch</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-autrace"><span class="title-number">41.7 </span><span class="title-name">Analyzing processes with <code class="command">autrace</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-auviz"><span class="title-number">41.8 </span><span class="title-name">Visualizing audit data</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-audisp"><span class="title-number">41.9 </span><span class="title-name">Relaying audit event notifications</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-audit-setup.html"><span class="title-number">42 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up the Linux audit framework</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-setup.html#sec-audit-choose"><span class="title-number">42.1 </span><span class="title-name">Determining the components to audit</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-setup.html#sec-audit-config"><span class="title-number">42.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the audit daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-setup.html#sec-audit-syscall"><span class="title-number">42.3 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling audit for system calls</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-setup.html#sec-audit-aurules"><span class="title-number">42.4 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up audit rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-setup.html#sec-audit-aurepo"><span class="title-number">42.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring audit reports</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-setup.html#sec-audit-viz"><span class="title-number">42.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring log visualization</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html"><span class="title-number">43 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing an audit rule set</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html#sec-audit-scenbasic"><span class="title-number">43.1 </span><span class="title-name">Adding basic audit configuration parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html#sec-audit-scenauconf"><span class="title-number">43.2 </span><span class="title-name">Adding watches on audit log files and configuration files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html#sec-audit-scenfs"><span class="title-number">43.3 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring file system objects</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html#sec-audit-scensecurity"><span class="title-number">43.4 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring security configuration files and databases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html#sec-audit-scenmisc"><span class="title-number">43.5 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring miscellaneous system calls</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html#sec-audit-scenipc"><span class="title-number">43.6 </span><span class="title-name">Filtering system call arguments</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html#sec-audit-scenkeys"><span class="title-number">43.7 </span><span class="title-name">Managing audit event records using keys</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-audit-moreinfo.html"><span class="title-number">44 </span><span class="title-name">Useful resources</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="bk05apa.html"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="bk05apa.html#id-1.7.10.4"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-nis.html#fig-inst-nisclient"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">Setting domain and address of a NIS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#fig-ldap-tree"><span class="number">5.1 </span><span class="name">Structure of an LDAP directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#fig-ad-schema"><span class="number">7.1 </span><span class="name">Schema of Winbind-based Active Directory authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#fig-security-logonmanagement"><span class="number">7.2 </span><span class="name">Main window of <span class="guimenu">User logon management</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#fig-security-logonmanagement-enroll"><span class="number">7.3 </span><span class="name">Enrolling into a domain</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#fig-security-logonmanagement-configure"><span class="number">7.4 </span><span class="name">Configuration window of <span class="guimenu">User logon management</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#fig-ad-smbclient"><span class="number">7.5 </span><span class="name">Determining Windows domain membership</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#fig-ad-join1"><span class="number">7.6 </span><span class="name">Providing administrator credentials</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#fig-cryptctl-retrieve"><span class="number">13.1 </span><span class="name">Key retrieval with <code class="command">cryptctl</code> (model without connection to KMIP server)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-spectre.html#fig-spectre-meltdown-output"><span class="number">16.1 </span><span class="name">Output from spectre-meltdown-checker</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html#fig-yast-security-overview"><span class="number">17.1 </span><span class="name">YaST security center and hardening: security overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#fig-acls-map-mini"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">Minimum ACL: ACL entries compared to permission bits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#fig-acls-map-ext"><span class="number">19.2 </span><span class="name">Extended ACL: ACL entries compared to permission bits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-ssh.html#fig-fail2ban-jail-local"><span class="number">22.1 </span><span class="name"><span class="emphasis"><em>jail.local </em></span>file settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#fig-fire-table"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">iptables: a packet's possible paths</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#fig-vpn-scenario-routed-1"><span class="number">24.1 </span><span class="name">Routed VPN</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#fig-vpn-scenario-briged-1"><span class="number">24.2 </span><span class="name">Bridged VPN - scenario 1</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#fig-vpn-scenario-briged-2"><span class="number">24.3 </span><span class="name">Bridged VPN - scenario 2</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#fig-vpn-scenario-briged-3"><span class="number">24.4 </span><span class="name">Bridged VPN - scenario 3</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-xca.html#fig-xca-newdb"><span class="number">25.1 </span><span class="name">Create a new XCA database</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#id-1.7.8.8.11.9.15.6"><span class="number">35.1 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">aa-notify Message in GNOME</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-apparmor-hat.html#id-1.7.8.9.20.3.5.5.2"><span class="number">36.1 </span><span class="name">Adminer login page</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#fig-audit-components"><span class="number">41.1 </span><span class="name">Introducing the components of Linux audit</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#fig-audit-mkgraph"><span class="number">41.2 </span><span class="name">Flow graph—program versus system call relationship</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#fig-audit-mkbar"><span class="number">41.3 </span><span class="name">Bar chart—common event types</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#tab-ldap-schema"><span class="number">5.1 </span><span class="name">Commonly used object classes and attributes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#tab-parameters"><span class="number">13.1 </span><span class="name">List of all parameters to define the resource group with the cryptctl crm script.</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#id-1.7.5.7.6.7.4"><span class="number">14.1 </span><span class="name">Sample rules/constraints for password enforcement</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#tab-entrytype"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">ACL entry types</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#tab-mask"><span class="number">19.2 </span><span class="name">Masking access permissions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-aide.html#tab-aide-options"><span class="number">20.1 </span><span class="name">Important AIDE check boxes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#tab-security-firewall-sysconfigports"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Important sysconfig variables for static port configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-apparmor-support.html#id-1.7.8.12.5.3"><span class="number">39.1 </span><span class="name">Man pages: sections and categories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#tab-audit-auditctl"><span class="number">41.1 </span><span class="name">Audit status flags</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-pam.html#dat-pam-sshd"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">PAM configuration for sshd (<code class="filename">/etc/pam.d/sshd</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-pam.html#dat-pam-common-auth"><span class="number">2.2 </span><span class="name">Default configuration for the <code class="literal">auth</code> section (<code class="filename">common-auth</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-pam.html#dat-pam-common-account"><span class="number">2.3 </span><span class="name">Default configuration for the <code class="literal">account</code> section (<code class="filename">common-account</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-pam.html#dat-pam-common-password"><span class="number">2.4 </span><span class="name">Default configuration for the <code class="literal">password</code> section (<code class="filename">common-password</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-pam.html#dat-pam-common-session"><span class="number">2.5 </span><span class="name">Default configuration for the <code class="literal">session</code> section (<code class="filename">common-session</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-pam.html#dat-pam-pamenv"><span class="number">2.6 </span><span class="name">pam_env.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#aus-ldap-schema-help"><span class="number">5.1 </span><span class="name">Excerpt from CN=schema</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#ex-ldap-389-ds-inf"><span class="number">5.2 </span><span class="name">Minimal 389 Directory Server instance configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#ex-security-ldap-server-credentials-local"><span class="number">5.3 </span><span class="name">A <code class="filename">.dsrc</code> file for local administration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#ex-ldap-replication-two-replicas"><span class="number">5.4 </span><span class="name">Two supplier replicas</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#ex-ldap-replication-four-replicas"><span class="number">5.5 </span><span class="name">Four supplier replicas</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#ex-ldap-replication-six-replicas"><span class="number">5.6 </span><span class="name">Six replicas</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#ex-ldap-replication-six-replicas-read-only"><span class="number">5.7 </span><span class="name">Six replicas with read-only consumers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-physical-security.html#usbguard-config-file-ipcaccess"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-ssh.html#ex-sshd-conf"><span class="number">22.1 </span><span class="name">Example sshd_config</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#ex-security-firewall-nfscallback"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Callback port configuration for the <code class="literal">nfs</code> kernel module in <code class="filename">/etc/modprobe.d/60-nfs.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#ex-security-firewall-newrpcservice"><span class="number">23.2 </span><span class="name">Commands to define a new <code class="systemitem">firewalld</code> RPC service for NFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#ex-vpn-serv-config"><span class="number">24.1 </span><span class="name">VPN server configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#id-1.7.6.6.5.7.3"><span class="number">24.2 </span><span class="name">VPN client configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-apparmor-start.html#ex-unconfined"><span class="number">30.1 </span><span class="name">Output of <code class="command">aa-unconfined</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#ex-apparmor-commandline-profiling-summary-genprof-learn"><span class="number">35.1 </span><span class="name">Learning mode exception: controlling access to specific resources</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#ex-apparmor-commandline-profiling-summary-genprof-perms"><span class="number">35.2 </span><span class="name">Learning mode exception: defining permissions for an entry</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#id-1.7.9.3.8.3"><span class="number">41.1 </span><span class="name">Default /etc/audit/auditd.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#ex-auditctl-status"><span class="number">41.2 </span><span class="name">Example output of <code class="command">auditctl</code> <code class="option">-s</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#ex-audit-rules-sysparam"><span class="number">41.3 </span><span class="name">Example audit rules—audit system parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#ex-audit-rules-fs"><span class="number">41.4 </span><span class="name">Example audit rules—file system auditing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#ex-audit-rules-syscall"><span class="number">41.5 </span><span class="name">Example audit rules—system call auditing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#ex-audit-ruledel"><span class="number">41.6 </span><span class="name">Deleting audit rules and events</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#id-1.7.9.3.10.16"><span class="number">41.7 </span><span class="name">Listing rules with <code class="command">auditctl</code> <code class="option">-l</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#ex-audit-aureport-logtrail"><span class="number">41.8 </span><span class="name">A simple audit event—viewing the audit log</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#ex-audit-aureport-sshd"><span class="number">41.9 </span><span class="name">An advanced audit event—login via SSH</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#id-1.7.9.3.15.5"><span class="number">41.10 </span><span class="name">Example /etc/audit/auditd.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#id-1.7.9.3.15.8"><span class="number">41.11 </span><span class="name">Example /etc/audit/plugins.d/syslog.conf</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.7.1.5"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-tuning/book-tuning.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-tuning/book-tuning.html
index 95ed3e6464..588c978fe0 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-tuning/book-tuning.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-tuning/book-tuning.html
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@
 });
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_tuning.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">System Analysis and Tuning Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">System Analysis and Tuning Guide</div><ol><li><a href="preface-tuning.html" class=" "><span class="title-number"> </span><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></li><li><a href="part-tuning-basics.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Basics</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-tuning-basics.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">General notes on system tuning</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-tuning-monitoring.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">System monitoring</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-util.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">System monitoring utilities</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">System log files</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-tuning-kerneltrace.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Kernel monitoring</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">SystemTap—filtering and analyzing system data</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-kprobes.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel probes</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-perf.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware-based performance monitoring with Perf</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-oprofile.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">OProfile—system-wide profiler</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-dynamic-debug.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic debug—kernel debugging messages</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-tuning-resources.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Resource management</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-tuning-resources.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">General system resource management</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-cgroups.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel control groups</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-numactl.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">Automatic Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) balancing</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-power.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Power management</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-tuning-kernel.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Kernel tuning</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-tuning-io.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning I/O performance</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-taskscheduler.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the task scheduler</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-memory.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the memory management subsystem</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-network.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the network</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-tuning-dumps.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">Handling system dumps</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-tuning-tracing.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">Tracing tools</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">Kexec and Kdump</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-systemd-coredump.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">Using <code class="systemitem">systemd-coredump</code> to debug application crashes</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-tuning-ptp.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">VII </span><span class="title-name">Synchronized clocks with Precision Time Protocol</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">Precision Time Protocol</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="bk06apa.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></li> </ol> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-tuning" data-id-title="System Analysis and Tuning Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">System Analysis and Tuning Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_tuning.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p> This guide supports administrators in problem detection,
-     resolution and optimization. </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-tuning.html" target="_blank">Revision History: System Analysis and Tuning Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+     resolution and optimization. </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-tuning.html" target="_blank">Revision History: System Analysis and Tuning Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="preface-tuning.html"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-tuning.html#id-1.8.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-tuning.html#id-1.8.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-tuning.html#id-1.8.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-tuning.html#id-1.8.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-tuning-basics.html"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Basics</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-basics.html"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">General notes on system tuning</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-basics.html#sec-tuning-basics-what"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Be sure what problem to solve</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-basics.html#sec-tuning-basics-common"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Rule out common problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-basics.html#sec-tuning-basics-bottleneck"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Finding the bottleneck</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-basics.html#sec-tuning-basics-tuning"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">Step-by-step tuning</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-tuning-monitoring.html"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">System monitoring</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-util.html"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">System monitoring utilities</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-multi"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Multi-purpose tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-system"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">System information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-processes"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Processes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-memory"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-networking"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Networking</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-proc"><span class="title-number">2.6 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="filename">/proc</code> file system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-hardware"><span class="title-number">2.7 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-file"><span class="title-number">2.8 </span><span class="title-name">Files and file systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-user"><span class="title-number">2.9 </span><span class="title-name">User information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-time"><span class="title-number">2.10 </span><span class="title-name">Time and date</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-rrdtool"><span class="title-number">2.11 </span><span class="title-name">Graph your data: RRDtool</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">System log files</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html#sec-tuning-syslog-logs"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">System log files in <code class="filename">/var/log/</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html#sec-tuning-syslog-view"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing and parsing log files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html#sec-tuning-syslog-logrotate"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Managing log files with <code class="command">logrotate</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html#sec-tuning-syslog-logwatch"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring log files with <code class="command">logwatch</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html#sec-tuning-syslog-forward"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring mail forwarding for <code class="systemitem">root</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html#sec-tuning-syslog-server"><span class="title-number">3.6 </span><span class="title-name">Forwarding log messages to a central syslog server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html#sec-tuning-syslog-logger"><span class="title-number">3.7 </span><span class="title-name">Using <code class="command">logger</code> to make system log entries</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-tuning-kerneltrace.html"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Kernel monitoring</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">SystemTap—filtering and analyzing system data</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#sec-tuning-systemtap-concept"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#sec-tuning-systemtap-setup"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation and setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#sec-tuning-systemtap-syntax"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Script syntax</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#sec-tuning-systemtap-example"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">Example script</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#sec-tuning-systemtap-userspace"><span class="title-number">4.5 </span><span class="title-name">User space probing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#sec-tuning-systemtap-more"><span class="title-number">4.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-kprobes.html"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel probes</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kprobes.html#cha-tuning-kprobes-supparch"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Supported architectures</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kprobes.html#cha-tuning-kprobes-types"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Types of kernel probes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kprobes.html#cha-tuning-kprobes-api"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Kprobes API</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kprobes.html#cha-tuning-kprobes-debugfs"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">debugfs</code> Interface</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kprobes.html#cha-tuning-kprobes-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-perf.html"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware-based performance monitoring with Perf</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-perf.html#sec-perf-concept"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware-based monitoring</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-perf.html#sec-perf-sample-count"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Sampling and counting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-perf.html#sec-perf-install"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing Perf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-perf.html#sec-perf-subcommand"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">Perf subcommands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-perf.html#sec-perf-event"><span class="title-number">6.5 </span><span class="title-name">Counting particular types of event</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-perf.html#sec-perf-command"><span class="title-number">6.6 </span><span class="title-name">Recording events specific to particular commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-perf.html#sec-perf-more"><span class="title-number">6.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-oprofile.html"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">OProfile—system-wide profiler</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-oprofile.html#sec-tuning-oprofile-overview"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-oprofile.html#sec-tuning-oprofile-install"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation and requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-oprofile.html#sec-tuning-oprofile-utils"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Available OProfile utilities</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-oprofile.html#sec-tuning-oprofile-using"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using OProfile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-oprofile.html#sec-tuning-oprofiles-report"><span class="title-number">7.5 </span><span class="title-name">Generating reports</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-oprofile.html#sec-tuning-oprofile-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">7.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-dynamic-debug.html"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic debug—kernel debugging messages</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-dynamic-debug.html#sec-tuning-dynamic-debug-benefits"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Benefits of dynamic debugging</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-dynamic-debug.html#sec-tuning-dynamic-debug-check"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Checking the status of dynamic debug</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-dynamic-debug.html#sec-tuning-dynamic-debug-use"><span class="title-number">8.3 </span><span class="title-name">Using dynamic debug</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-dynamic-debug.html#sec-tuning-dynamic-debug-view"><span class="title-number">8.4 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing the dynamic debug messages</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-tuning-resources.html"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Resource management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-resources.html"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">General system resource management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-resources.html#cha-tuning-resources-installation"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">Planning the installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-resources.html#cha-tuning-resources-services"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Disabling unnecessary services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-resources.html#cha-tuning-resources-disk"><span class="title-number">9.3 </span><span class="title-name">File systems and disk access</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-cgroups.html"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel control groups</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-cgroups.html#sec-tuning-cgroups-overview"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-cgroups.html#sec-tuning-cgroups-accounting"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Resource accounting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-cgroups.html#sec-tuning-cgroups-usage"><span class="title-number">10.3 </span><span class="title-name">Setting resource limits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-cgroups.html#sec-tuning-cgroups-tasksmax"><span class="title-number">10.4 </span><span class="title-name">Preventing fork bombs with <code class="literal">TasksMax</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-cgroups.html#sec-control-io-cgroups"><span class="title-number">10.5 </span><span class="title-name">I/O control with cgroups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-cgroups.html#id-1.8.6.3.8"><span class="title-number">10.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-numactl.html"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">Automatic Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) balancing</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-numactl.html#sec-tuning-numactl-implementation"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Implementation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-numactl.html#sec-tuning-numactl-configuration"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-numactl.html#sec-tuning-numactl-monitoring"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-numactl.html#sec-tuning-numactl-impact"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Impact</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Power management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#sec-tuning-power-cpu"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">Power management at CPU Level</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#sec-tuning-power-governors"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">In-kernel governors</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#sec-tuning-power-tools-cpupower"><span class="title-number">12.3 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="systemitem">cpupower</code> tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#sec-tuning-power-options"><span class="title-number">12.4 </span><span class="title-name">Special tuning options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#sec-tuning-power-trouble"><span class="title-number">12.5 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#sec-tuning-power-more"><span class="title-number">12.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#sec-tuning-power-tools-powertop"><span class="title-number">12.7 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring power consumption with powerTOP</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-tuning-kernel.html"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Kernel tuning</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-io.html"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning I/O performance</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-io.html#cha-tuning-io-switch"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Switching I/O scheduling</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-io.html#cha-tuning-io-schedulers-blkmq"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Available I/O elevators with blk-mq I/O path</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-io.html#cha-tuning-io-barrier"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">I/O barrier tuning</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-taskscheduler.html"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the task scheduler</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-taskscheduler.html#sec-tuning-taskscheduler-intro"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-taskscheduler.html#sec-tuning-taskscheduler-policy-class"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Process classification</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-taskscheduler.html#sec-tuning-taskscheduler-cfs"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Completely Fair Scheduler</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-taskscheduler.html#cha-tuning-taskscheduler-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-memory.html"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the memory management subsystem</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-memory.html#cha-tuning-memory-usage"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Memory usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-memory.html#cha-tuning-memory-optimize"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Reducing memory usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-memory.html#cha-tuning-memory-vm"><span class="title-number">15.3 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual memory manager (VM) tunable parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-memory.html#cha-tuning-memory-monitoring"><span class="title-number">15.4 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring VM behavior</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-network.html"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the network</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-network.html#sec-tuning-network-buffers"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configurable kernel socket buffers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-network.html#sec-tuning-network-analyzing"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">Detecting network bottlenecks and analyzing network traffic</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-network.html#sec-tuning-network-netfilter"><span class="title-number">16.3 </span><span class="title-name">Netfilter</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-network.html#sec-tuning-network-rps"><span class="title-number">16.4 </span><span class="title-name">Improving the network performance with receive packet steering (RPS)</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-tuning-dumps.html"><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">Handling system dumps</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-tracing.html"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">Tracing tools</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-tracing.html#sec-tuning-tracing-strace"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name">Tracing system calls with strace</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-tracing.html#sec-tuning-tracing-ltrace"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name">Tracing library calls with ltrace</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-tracing.html#sec-tuning-tracing-valgrind"><span class="title-number">17.3 </span><span class="title-name">Debugging and profiling with Valgrind</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-tracing.html#sec-tuning-tracing-valgrind-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">17.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">Kexec and Kdump</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kexec-intro"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kexec-pkgs"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">Required packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kexec-internals"><span class="title-number">18.3 </span><span class="title-name">Kexec internals</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#sec-tuning-kexec-crashkernel"><span class="title-number">18.4 </span><span class="title-name">Calculating <code class="option">crashkernel</code> allocation size</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kexec-basic-usage"><span class="title-number">18.5 </span><span class="title-name">Basic Kexec usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kexec-config"><span class="title-number">18.6 </span><span class="title-name">How to configure Kexec for routine reboots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kdump-basic"><span class="title-number">18.7 </span><span class="title-name">Basic Kdump configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kdump-analyze"><span class="title-number">18.8 </span><span class="title-name">Analyzing the crash dump</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kdump-advanced"><span class="title-number">18.9 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced Kdump configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kdump-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">18.10 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-systemd-coredump.html"><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">Using <code class="systemitem">systemd-coredump</code> to debug application crashes</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-systemd-coredump.html#sect-sys-coredump-default"><span class="title-number">19.1 </span><span class="title-name">Use and configuration</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-tuning-ptp.html"><span class="title-number">VII </span><span class="title-name">Synchronized clocks with Precision Time Protocol</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html"><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">Precision Time Protocol</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#tuning-ptp-intro"><span class="title-number">20.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to PTP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#tuning-ptp-using"><span class="title-number">20.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using PTP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#tuning-ptp-phc2sys"><span class="title-number">20.3 </span><span class="title-name">Synchronizing the clocks with <code class="command">phc2sys</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#tuning-ptp-examples"><span class="title-number">20.4 </span><span class="title-name">Examples of configurations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#tuning-ptp-ntp"><span class="title-number">20.5 </span><span class="title-name">PTP and NTP</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="bk06apa.html"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="bk06apa.html#id-1.8.10.4"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-util.html#util-rrdtool-example-create-graph1"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">Example graph created with RRDtool</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#fig-powertop-curses"><span class="number">12.1 </span><span class="name">powerTOP in interactive mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#fig-powertop-html"><span class="number">12.2 </span><span class="name">HTML powerTOP report</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#fig-tuning-kdump-basic-yast-kdump1"><span class="number">18.1 </span><span class="name">YaST Kdump module: start-up page</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-util.html#id-1.8.4.2.11.5.5"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">List of query options of <code class="command">ethtool</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#tab-tuning-power-cstates"><span class="number">12.1 </span><span class="name">C-states</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-tuning-io.html#tab-tunables-mq-deadline"><span class="number">13.1 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">MQ-DEADLINE</code> tunable parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-tuning-io.html#tab-tunables-bfq"><span class="number">13.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">BFQ</code> tunable parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-tuning-io.html#tab-tunables-kyber"><span class="number">13.3 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">KYBER</code> tunable parameters</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-util.html#id-1.8.4.2.7.3.5"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">vmstat</code> output on a lightly used machine</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-util.html#id-1.8.4.2.7.3.6"><span class="number">2.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">vmstat</code> output on a heavily used machine (CPU bound)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html#ex-tuning-syslog-logrotate-config"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">Example for <code class="filename">/etc/logrotate.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#ex-tuning-stap-simple"><span class="number">4.1 </span><span class="name">Simple SystemTap script</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#ex-tuning-stap-async"><span class="number">4.2 </span><span class="name">Probe with timer event</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#ex-tuning-stap-printf-formatspec"><span class="number">4.3 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">printf</code> Function with format specifiers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#id-1.8.5.2.6.8.4.3.6"><span class="number">4.4 </span><span class="name">Using global variables</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#id-1.8.5.2.7.4"><span class="number">4.5 </span><span class="name">Monitoring incoming TCP connections with <code class="literal">tcp_connections.stp</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#id-1.8.6.5.5.4.3"><span class="number">12.1 </span><span class="name">Example output of <code class="command">cpupower frequency-info</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#id-1.8.6.5.5.5.3"><span class="number">12.2 </span><span class="name">Example output of <code class="command">cpupower idle-info</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#ex-cpupower-monitor"><span class="number">12.3 </span><span class="name">Example <code class="command">cpupower monitor</code> output</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#id-1.8.9.2.8.3"><span class="number">20.1 </span><span class="name">Slave clock using software time stamping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#id-1.8.9.2.8.4"><span class="number">20.2 </span><span class="name">Slave clock using hardware time stamping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#id-1.8.9.2.8.5"><span class="number">20.3 </span><span class="name">Master clock using hardware time stamping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#id-1.8.9.2.8.6"><span class="number">20.4 </span><span class="name">Master clock using software time stamping (not generally recommended)</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.8.1.5"><p>
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 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_tuning.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">System Analysis and Tuning Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">System Analysis and Tuning Guide</div><ol><li><a href="preface-tuning.html" class=" "><span class="title-number"> </span><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></li><li><a href="part-tuning-basics.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Basics</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-tuning-basics.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">General notes on system tuning</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-tuning-monitoring.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">System monitoring</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-util.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">System monitoring utilities</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">System log files</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-tuning-kerneltrace.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Kernel monitoring</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">SystemTap—filtering and analyzing system data</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-kprobes.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel probes</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-perf.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware-based performance monitoring with Perf</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-oprofile.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">OProfile—system-wide profiler</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-dynamic-debug.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic debug—kernel debugging messages</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-tuning-resources.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Resource management</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-tuning-resources.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">General system resource management</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-cgroups.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel control groups</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-numactl.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">Automatic Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) balancing</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-power.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Power management</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-tuning-kernel.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Kernel tuning</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-tuning-io.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning I/O performance</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-taskscheduler.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the task scheduler</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-memory.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the memory management subsystem</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-network.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the network</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-tuning-dumps.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">Handling system dumps</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-tuning-tracing.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">Tracing tools</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">Kexec and Kdump</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-systemd-coredump.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">Using <code class="systemitem">systemd-coredump</code> to debug application crashes</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-tuning-ptp.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">VII </span><span class="title-name">Synchronized clocks with Precision Time Protocol</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">Precision Time Protocol</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="bk06apa.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></li> </ol> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-tuning" data-id-title="System Analysis and Tuning Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">System Analysis and Tuning Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_tuning.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p> This guide supports administrators in problem detection,
-     resolution and optimization. </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-tuning.html" target="_blank">Revision History: System Analysis and Tuning Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+     resolution and optimization. </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-tuning.html" target="_blank">Revision History: System Analysis and Tuning Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="preface-tuning.html"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-tuning.html#id-1.8.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-tuning.html#id-1.8.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-tuning.html#id-1.8.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-tuning.html#id-1.8.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-tuning-basics.html"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Basics</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-basics.html"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">General notes on system tuning</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-basics.html#sec-tuning-basics-what"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Be sure what problem to solve</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-basics.html#sec-tuning-basics-common"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Rule out common problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-basics.html#sec-tuning-basics-bottleneck"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Finding the bottleneck</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-basics.html#sec-tuning-basics-tuning"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">Step-by-step tuning</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-tuning-monitoring.html"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">System monitoring</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-util.html"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">System monitoring utilities</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-multi"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Multi-purpose tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-system"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">System information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-processes"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Processes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-memory"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-networking"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Networking</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-proc"><span class="title-number">2.6 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="filename">/proc</code> file system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-hardware"><span class="title-number">2.7 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-file"><span class="title-number">2.8 </span><span class="title-name">Files and file systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-user"><span class="title-number">2.9 </span><span class="title-name">User information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-time"><span class="title-number">2.10 </span><span class="title-name">Time and date</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-rrdtool"><span class="title-number">2.11 </span><span class="title-name">Graph your data: RRDtool</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">System log files</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html#sec-tuning-syslog-logs"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">System log files in <code class="filename">/var/log/</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html#sec-tuning-syslog-view"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing and parsing log files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html#sec-tuning-syslog-logrotate"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Managing log files with <code class="command">logrotate</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html#sec-tuning-syslog-logwatch"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring log files with <code class="command">logwatch</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html#sec-tuning-syslog-forward"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring mail forwarding for <code class="systemitem">root</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html#sec-tuning-syslog-server"><span class="title-number">3.6 </span><span class="title-name">Forwarding log messages to a central syslog server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html#sec-tuning-syslog-logger"><span class="title-number">3.7 </span><span class="title-name">Using <code class="command">logger</code> to make system log entries</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-tuning-kerneltrace.html"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Kernel monitoring</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">SystemTap—filtering and analyzing system data</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#sec-tuning-systemtap-concept"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#sec-tuning-systemtap-setup"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation and setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#sec-tuning-systemtap-syntax"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Script syntax</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#sec-tuning-systemtap-example"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">Example script</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#sec-tuning-systemtap-userspace"><span class="title-number">4.5 </span><span class="title-name">User space probing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#sec-tuning-systemtap-more"><span class="title-number">4.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-kprobes.html"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel probes</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kprobes.html#cha-tuning-kprobes-supparch"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Supported architectures</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kprobes.html#cha-tuning-kprobes-types"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Types of kernel probes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kprobes.html#cha-tuning-kprobes-api"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Kprobes API</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kprobes.html#cha-tuning-kprobes-debugfs"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">debugfs</code> Interface</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kprobes.html#cha-tuning-kprobes-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-perf.html"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware-based performance monitoring with Perf</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-perf.html#sec-perf-concept"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware-based monitoring</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-perf.html#sec-perf-sample-count"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Sampling and counting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-perf.html#sec-perf-install"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing Perf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-perf.html#sec-perf-subcommand"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">Perf subcommands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-perf.html#sec-perf-event"><span class="title-number">6.5 </span><span class="title-name">Counting particular types of event</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-perf.html#sec-perf-command"><span class="title-number">6.6 </span><span class="title-name">Recording events specific to particular commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-perf.html#sec-perf-more"><span class="title-number">6.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-oprofile.html"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">OProfile—system-wide profiler</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-oprofile.html#sec-tuning-oprofile-overview"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-oprofile.html#sec-tuning-oprofile-install"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation and requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-oprofile.html#sec-tuning-oprofile-utils"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Available OProfile utilities</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-oprofile.html#sec-tuning-oprofile-using"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using OProfile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-oprofile.html#sec-tuning-oprofiles-report"><span class="title-number">7.5 </span><span class="title-name">Generating reports</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-oprofile.html#sec-tuning-oprofile-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">7.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-dynamic-debug.html"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic debug—kernel debugging messages</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-dynamic-debug.html#sec-tuning-dynamic-debug-benefits"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Benefits of dynamic debugging</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-dynamic-debug.html#sec-tuning-dynamic-debug-check"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Checking the status of dynamic debug</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-dynamic-debug.html#sec-tuning-dynamic-debug-use"><span class="title-number">8.3 </span><span class="title-name">Using dynamic debug</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-dynamic-debug.html#sec-tuning-dynamic-debug-view"><span class="title-number">8.4 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing the dynamic debug messages</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-tuning-resources.html"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Resource management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-resources.html"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">General system resource management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-resources.html#cha-tuning-resources-installation"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">Planning the installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-resources.html#cha-tuning-resources-services"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Disabling unnecessary services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-resources.html#cha-tuning-resources-disk"><span class="title-number">9.3 </span><span class="title-name">File systems and disk access</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-cgroups.html"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel control groups</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-cgroups.html#sec-tuning-cgroups-overview"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-cgroups.html#sec-tuning-cgroups-accounting"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Resource accounting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-cgroups.html#sec-tuning-cgroups-usage"><span class="title-number">10.3 </span><span class="title-name">Setting resource limits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-cgroups.html#sec-tuning-cgroups-tasksmax"><span class="title-number">10.4 </span><span class="title-name">Preventing fork bombs with <code class="literal">TasksMax</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-cgroups.html#sec-control-io-cgroups"><span class="title-number">10.5 </span><span class="title-name">I/O control with cgroups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-cgroups.html#id-1.8.6.3.8"><span class="title-number">10.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-numactl.html"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">Automatic Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) balancing</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-numactl.html#sec-tuning-numactl-implementation"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Implementation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-numactl.html#sec-tuning-numactl-configuration"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-numactl.html#sec-tuning-numactl-monitoring"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-numactl.html#sec-tuning-numactl-impact"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Impact</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Power management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#sec-tuning-power-cpu"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">Power management at CPU Level</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#sec-tuning-power-governors"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">In-kernel governors</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#sec-tuning-power-tools-cpupower"><span class="title-number">12.3 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="systemitem">cpupower</code> tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#sec-tuning-power-options"><span class="title-number">12.4 </span><span class="title-name">Special tuning options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#sec-tuning-power-trouble"><span class="title-number">12.5 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#sec-tuning-power-more"><span class="title-number">12.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#sec-tuning-power-tools-powertop"><span class="title-number">12.7 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring power consumption with powerTOP</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-tuning-kernel.html"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Kernel tuning</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-io.html"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning I/O performance</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-io.html#cha-tuning-io-switch"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Switching I/O scheduling</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-io.html#cha-tuning-io-schedulers-blkmq"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Available I/O elevators with blk-mq I/O path</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-io.html#cha-tuning-io-barrier"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">I/O barrier tuning</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-taskscheduler.html"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the task scheduler</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-taskscheduler.html#sec-tuning-taskscheduler-intro"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-taskscheduler.html#sec-tuning-taskscheduler-policy-class"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Process classification</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-taskscheduler.html#sec-tuning-taskscheduler-cfs"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Completely Fair Scheduler</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-taskscheduler.html#cha-tuning-taskscheduler-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-memory.html"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the memory management subsystem</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-memory.html#cha-tuning-memory-usage"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Memory usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-memory.html#cha-tuning-memory-optimize"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Reducing memory usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-memory.html#cha-tuning-memory-vm"><span class="title-number">15.3 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual memory manager (VM) tunable parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-memory.html#cha-tuning-memory-monitoring"><span class="title-number">15.4 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring VM behavior</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-network.html"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the network</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-network.html#sec-tuning-network-buffers"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configurable kernel socket buffers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-network.html#sec-tuning-network-analyzing"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">Detecting network bottlenecks and analyzing network traffic</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-network.html#sec-tuning-network-netfilter"><span class="title-number">16.3 </span><span class="title-name">Netfilter</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-network.html#sec-tuning-network-rps"><span class="title-number">16.4 </span><span class="title-name">Improving the network performance with receive packet steering (RPS)</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-tuning-dumps.html"><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">Handling system dumps</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-tracing.html"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">Tracing tools</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-tracing.html#sec-tuning-tracing-strace"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name">Tracing system calls with strace</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-tracing.html#sec-tuning-tracing-ltrace"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name">Tracing library calls with ltrace</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-tracing.html#sec-tuning-tracing-valgrind"><span class="title-number">17.3 </span><span class="title-name">Debugging and profiling with Valgrind</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-tracing.html#sec-tuning-tracing-valgrind-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">17.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">Kexec and Kdump</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kexec-intro"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kexec-pkgs"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">Required packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kexec-internals"><span class="title-number">18.3 </span><span class="title-name">Kexec internals</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#sec-tuning-kexec-crashkernel"><span class="title-number">18.4 </span><span class="title-name">Calculating <code class="option">crashkernel</code> allocation size</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kexec-basic-usage"><span class="title-number">18.5 </span><span class="title-name">Basic Kexec usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kexec-config"><span class="title-number">18.6 </span><span class="title-name">How to configure Kexec for routine reboots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kdump-basic"><span class="title-number">18.7 </span><span class="title-name">Basic Kdump configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kdump-analyze"><span class="title-number">18.8 </span><span class="title-name">Analyzing the crash dump</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kdump-advanced"><span class="title-number">18.9 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced Kdump configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kdump-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">18.10 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-systemd-coredump.html"><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">Using <code class="systemitem">systemd-coredump</code> to debug application crashes</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-systemd-coredump.html#sect-sys-coredump-default"><span class="title-number">19.1 </span><span class="title-name">Use and configuration</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-tuning-ptp.html"><span class="title-number">VII </span><span class="title-name">Synchronized clocks with Precision Time Protocol</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html"><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">Precision Time Protocol</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#tuning-ptp-intro"><span class="title-number">20.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to PTP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#tuning-ptp-using"><span class="title-number">20.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using PTP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#tuning-ptp-phc2sys"><span class="title-number">20.3 </span><span class="title-name">Synchronizing the clocks with <code class="command">phc2sys</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#tuning-ptp-examples"><span class="title-number">20.4 </span><span class="title-name">Examples of configurations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#tuning-ptp-ntp"><span class="title-number">20.5 </span><span class="title-name">PTP and NTP</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="bk06apa.html"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="bk06apa.html#id-1.8.10.4"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-util.html#util-rrdtool-example-create-graph1"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">Example graph created with RRDtool</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#fig-powertop-curses"><span class="number">12.1 </span><span class="name">powerTOP in interactive mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#fig-powertop-html"><span class="number">12.2 </span><span class="name">HTML powerTOP report</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#fig-tuning-kdump-basic-yast-kdump1"><span class="number">18.1 </span><span class="name">YaST Kdump module: start-up page</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-util.html#id-1.8.4.2.11.5.5"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">List of query options of <code class="command">ethtool</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#tab-tuning-power-cstates"><span class="number">12.1 </span><span class="name">C-states</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-tuning-io.html#tab-tunables-mq-deadline"><span class="number">13.1 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">MQ-DEADLINE</code> tunable parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-tuning-io.html#tab-tunables-bfq"><span class="number">13.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">BFQ</code> tunable parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-tuning-io.html#tab-tunables-kyber"><span class="number">13.3 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">KYBER</code> tunable parameters</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-util.html#id-1.8.4.2.7.3.5"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">vmstat</code> output on a lightly used machine</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-util.html#id-1.8.4.2.7.3.6"><span class="number">2.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">vmstat</code> output on a heavily used machine (CPU bound)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html#ex-tuning-syslog-logrotate-config"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">Example for <code class="filename">/etc/logrotate.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#ex-tuning-stap-simple"><span class="number">4.1 </span><span class="name">Simple SystemTap script</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#ex-tuning-stap-async"><span class="number">4.2 </span><span class="name">Probe with timer event</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#ex-tuning-stap-printf-formatspec"><span class="number">4.3 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">printf</code> Function with format specifiers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#id-1.8.5.2.6.8.4.3.6"><span class="number">4.4 </span><span class="name">Using global variables</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#id-1.8.5.2.7.4"><span class="number">4.5 </span><span class="name">Monitoring incoming TCP connections with <code class="literal">tcp_connections.stp</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#id-1.8.6.5.5.4.3"><span class="number">12.1 </span><span class="name">Example output of <code class="command">cpupower frequency-info</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#id-1.8.6.5.5.5.3"><span class="number">12.2 </span><span class="name">Example output of <code class="command">cpupower idle-info</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#ex-cpupower-monitor"><span class="number">12.3 </span><span class="name">Example <code class="command">cpupower monitor</code> output</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#id-1.8.9.2.8.3"><span class="number">20.1 </span><span class="name">Slave clock using software time stamping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#id-1.8.9.2.8.4"><span class="number">20.2 </span><span class="name">Slave clock using hardware time stamping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#id-1.8.9.2.8.5"><span class="number">20.3 </span><span class="name">Master clock using hardware time stamping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#id-1.8.9.2.8.6"><span class="number">20.4 </span><span class="name">Master clock using software time stamping (not generally recommended)</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.8.1.5"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-upgrade/book-upgrade.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-upgrade/book-upgrade.html
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+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-upgrade/book-upgrade.html
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_upgrade.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">Upgrade Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">Upgrade Guide</div><ol><li><a href="preface-upgrade.html" class=" "><span class="title-number"> </span><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Lifecycle and support</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-upgrade-paths.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrade paths and methods</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-update-preparation.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Preparing the upgrade</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading offline</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading online</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-upgrade-finish.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Finishing the upgrade</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-update-backport.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Backports of source code</span></a></li><li><a href="bk03apa.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></li> </ol> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-upgrade" data-id-title="Upgrade Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">Upgrade Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_upgrade.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p>
     This book guides you through upgrades
     of <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span>. 
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-upgrade.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Upgrade Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-upgrade.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Upgrade Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="preface-upgrade.html"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-upgrade.html#id-1.5.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-upgrade.html#id-1.5.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-upgrade.html#id-1.5.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-upgrade.html#id-1.5.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Lifecycle and support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#sec-upgrade-background-terminology"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#sec-upgrade-background-life-cycle"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Product lifecycle</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#sec-upgrade-background-modules"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Module dependencies and lifecycles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#sec-upgrade-background-lifecyclereport"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">Generating periodic lifecycle report</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#sec-upgrade-background-supportlevel"><span class="title-number">1.5 </span><span class="title-name">Support levels</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#sec-upgrade-background-register"><span class="title-number">1.6 </span><span class="title-name">Registering and deregistering machines with SUSEConnect</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#sec-upgrade-background-identify-version"><span class="title-number">1.7 </span><span class="title-name">Identifying the <span class="phrase">SLE</span> version</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-upgrade-paths.html"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrade paths and methods</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-paths.html#sec-upgrade-vs-fresh-install"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading versus fresh installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-paths.html#sec-upgrade-paths-supported"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Supported upgrade and migration paths to <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SLED</span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-paths.html#sec-upgrade-paths-methods"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Online and offline upgrade</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Preparing the upgrade</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-update"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Make sure the system is up-to-date</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-relnotes"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Read the release notes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-backup"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Make a backup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-disk"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Check the available disk space</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-packagelist"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">Listing installed packages and repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-ltss"><span class="title-number">3.6 </span><span class="title-name">Disable the LTSS extension</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-ssl"><span class="title-number">3.7 </span><span class="title-name">Create non-MD5 server certificates for Java applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-vms"><span class="title-number">3.8 </span><span class="title-name">Shut down virtual machine guests</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-rmt"><span class="title-number">3.9 </span><span class="title-name">Adjust your SMT client setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-upgrade-prepare-boot-config"><span class="title-number">3.10 </span><span class="title-name">Adjust the <code class="literal">resume</code> boot parameter</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading offline</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html#sec-upgrade-offline-conceptual-overview"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html#sec-upgrade-offline-dvd"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Starting the upgrade from an installation medium</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html#sec-upgrade-offline-network"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Starting the upgrade from a network source</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html#sec-upgrade-offline-yast"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading SUSE Linux Enterprise</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html#sec-upgrade-offline-manager"><span class="title-number">4.5 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with SUSE Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html#sec-update-reg-status-after-rollback"><span class="title-number">4.6 </span><span class="title-name">Updating registration status after rollback</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html#sec-update-registersystem"><span class="title-number">4.7 </span><span class="title-name">Registering your system</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading online</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html#sec-upgrade-online-conceptual-overview"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html#sec-upgrade-online-workflow"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Service pack migration workflow</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html#sec-upgrade-online-cancel"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Canceling service pack migration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html#sec-upgrade-online-yast"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with the online migration tool (YaST)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html#sec-upgrade-online-zypper"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with Zypper</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html#sec-upgrade-online-zypper-plain"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with plain Zypper</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html#sec-upgrade-online-rollback"><span class="title-number">5.7 </span><span class="title-name">Rolling back a service pack</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html#sec-upgrade-online-manager"><span class="title-number">5.8 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with SUSE Manager</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-upgrade-finish.html"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Finishing the upgrade</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-finish.html#sec-upgrade-finish-old-packages"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Check for old packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-finish.html#sec-uggrade-finish-config-files"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Review your configuration files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-finish.html#sec-upgrade-finish-python3"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Enable the <code class="literal">Python 3</code> module</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-finish.html#sec-upgrade-finish-xfs4"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">Reformat XFS v4 devices</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-update-backport.html"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Backports of source code</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-backport.html#sec-update-backports-reasons-for"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Reasons for backporting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-backport.html#sec-update-backports-reasons-against"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Reasons against backports</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-backport.html#sec-update-backports-implications"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">The implications of backports for interpreting version numbers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-backport.html#sec-update-backports-checks"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Checking for fixed bugs and backported features</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="bk03apa.html"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="bk03apa.html#id-1.5.10.4"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#fig-update-releases-service-packs"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Major releases and service packs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#fig-update-maintenance-long-term-service-pack"><span class="number">1.2 </span><span class="name">Long term service pack support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-upgrade-paths.html#fig-update-sle-paths-overview"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">Overview of supported upgrade paths</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#tab-security-and-bug-fixes"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Security updates and bug fixes</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#ex-update-df"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">List with <code class="command">df -h</code></span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.5.1.5"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-upgrade/index.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-upgrade/index.html
index c18844503c..4ce1838ba7 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-upgrade/index.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLED-upgrade/index.html
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_upgrade.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">Upgrade Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">Upgrade Guide</div><ol><li><a href="preface-upgrade.html" class=" "><span class="title-number"> </span><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Lifecycle and support</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-upgrade-paths.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrade paths and methods</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-update-preparation.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Preparing the upgrade</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading offline</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading online</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-upgrade-finish.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Finishing the upgrade</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-update-backport.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Backports of source code</span></a></li><li><a href="bk03apa.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></li> </ol> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-upgrade" data-id-title="Upgrade Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">Upgrade Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_upgrade.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p>
     This book guides you through upgrades
     of <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span>. 
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-upgrade.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Upgrade Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-upgrade.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Upgrade Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="preface-upgrade.html"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-upgrade.html#id-1.5.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-upgrade.html#id-1.5.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-upgrade.html#id-1.5.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-upgrade.html#id-1.5.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Lifecycle and support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#sec-upgrade-background-terminology"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#sec-upgrade-background-life-cycle"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Product lifecycle</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#sec-upgrade-background-modules"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Module dependencies and lifecycles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#sec-upgrade-background-lifecyclereport"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">Generating periodic lifecycle report</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#sec-upgrade-background-supportlevel"><span class="title-number">1.5 </span><span class="title-name">Support levels</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#sec-upgrade-background-register"><span class="title-number">1.6 </span><span class="title-name">Registering and deregistering machines with SUSEConnect</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#sec-upgrade-background-identify-version"><span class="title-number">1.7 </span><span class="title-name">Identifying the <span class="phrase">SLE</span> version</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-upgrade-paths.html"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrade paths and methods</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-paths.html#sec-upgrade-vs-fresh-install"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading versus fresh installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-paths.html#sec-upgrade-paths-supported"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Supported upgrade and migration paths to <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SLED</span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-paths.html#sec-upgrade-paths-methods"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Online and offline upgrade</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Preparing the upgrade</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-update"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Make sure the system is up-to-date</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-relnotes"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Read the release notes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-backup"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Make a backup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-disk"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Check the available disk space</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-packagelist"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">Listing installed packages and repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-ltss"><span class="title-number">3.6 </span><span class="title-name">Disable the LTSS extension</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-ssl"><span class="title-number">3.7 </span><span class="title-name">Create non-MD5 server certificates for Java applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-vms"><span class="title-number">3.8 </span><span class="title-name">Shut down virtual machine guests</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-rmt"><span class="title-number">3.9 </span><span class="title-name">Adjust your SMT client setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-upgrade-prepare-boot-config"><span class="title-number">3.10 </span><span class="title-name">Adjust the <code class="literal">resume</code> boot parameter</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading offline</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html#sec-upgrade-offline-conceptual-overview"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html#sec-upgrade-offline-dvd"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Starting the upgrade from an installation medium</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html#sec-upgrade-offline-network"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Starting the upgrade from a network source</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html#sec-upgrade-offline-yast"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading SUSE Linux Enterprise</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html#sec-upgrade-offline-manager"><span class="title-number">4.5 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with SUSE Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html#sec-update-reg-status-after-rollback"><span class="title-number">4.6 </span><span class="title-name">Updating registration status after rollback</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html#sec-update-registersystem"><span class="title-number">4.7 </span><span class="title-name">Registering your system</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading online</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html#sec-upgrade-online-conceptual-overview"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html#sec-upgrade-online-workflow"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Service pack migration workflow</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html#sec-upgrade-online-cancel"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Canceling service pack migration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html#sec-upgrade-online-yast"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with the online migration tool (YaST)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html#sec-upgrade-online-zypper"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with Zypper</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html#sec-upgrade-online-zypper-plain"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with plain Zypper</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html#sec-upgrade-online-rollback"><span class="title-number">5.7 </span><span class="title-name">Rolling back a service pack</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html#sec-upgrade-online-manager"><span class="title-number">5.8 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with SUSE Manager</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-upgrade-finish.html"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Finishing the upgrade</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-finish.html#sec-upgrade-finish-old-packages"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Check for old packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-finish.html#sec-uggrade-finish-config-files"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Review your configuration files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-finish.html#sec-upgrade-finish-python3"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Enable the <code class="literal">Python 3</code> module</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-finish.html#sec-upgrade-finish-xfs4"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">Reformat XFS v4 devices</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-update-backport.html"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Backports of source code</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-backport.html#sec-update-backports-reasons-for"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Reasons for backporting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-backport.html#sec-update-backports-reasons-against"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Reasons against backports</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-backport.html#sec-update-backports-implications"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">The implications of backports for interpreting version numbers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-backport.html#sec-update-backports-checks"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Checking for fixed bugs and backported features</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="bk03apa.html"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="bk03apa.html#id-1.5.10.4"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#fig-update-releases-service-packs"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Major releases and service packs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#fig-update-maintenance-long-term-service-pack"><span class="number">1.2 </span><span class="name">Long term service pack support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-upgrade-paths.html#fig-update-sle-paths-overview"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">Overview of supported upgrade paths</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#tab-security-and-bug-fixes"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Security updates and bug fixes</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#ex-update-df"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">List with <code class="command">df -h</code></span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.5.1.5"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-administration/book-administration.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-administration/book-administration.html
index 9c30db7e27..cafd4a25c2 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-administration/book-administration.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-administration/book-administration.html
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@
     This guide covers system administration tasks
      like maintaining, monitoring and customizing an initially installed
      system.
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-administration.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Administration Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-administration.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Administration Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="preface-administration.html"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-administration.html#id-1.3.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-administration.html#id-1.3.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-administration.html#id-1.3.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-administration.html#id-1.3.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-administration.html"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Common tasks</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Bash and Bash scripts</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#sec-adm-whatistheshell"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">What is <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">the shell</span>”</span>?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#sec-adm-shellscripts"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Writing shell scripts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#sec-adm-shell-redirect"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Redirecting command events</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#sec-adm-alias"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using aliases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#sec-adm-variables"><span class="title-number">1.5 </span><span class="title-name">Using variables in Bash</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#sec-adm-shell-grouping"><span class="title-number">1.6 </span><span class="title-name">Grouping and combining commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#sec-adm-shell-commonconstructs"><span class="title-number">1.7 </span><span class="title-name">Working with common flow constructs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#sec-adm-shell-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">1.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-adm-sudo.html"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">sudo</code> basics</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-sudo.html#sec-adm-sudo-usage"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Basic <code class="command">sudo</code> usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-sudo.html#sec-sudo-conf"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring <code class="command">sudo</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-sudo.html#sec-sudo-usecases"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">sudo</code> use cases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-sudo.html#sec-adm-sudo-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-yast-gui.html"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Using YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-gui.html#sec-yast2-gui"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">YaST interface overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-gui.html#sec-yast-gui-key-combination"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Useful key combinations</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-yast-text.html"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">YaST in text mode</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-text.html#sec-yast-cli-navigate"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Navigation in modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-text.html#sec-yast-cli-key-combination"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced key combinations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-text.html#sec-yast-cli-restricted-keys"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Restriction of key combinations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-text.html#sec-yast-cli-options"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">YaST command line options</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-yast-lang.html"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Changing language and country settings with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-lang.html#sec-yast-langmod"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the system language</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-lang.html#sec-yast-country"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the country and time settings</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing users with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#sec-yast-userman-main"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">User and group administration dialog</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#sec-yast-userman-users"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Managing user accounts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#sec-yast-userman-adv"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Additional options for user accounts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#sec-yast-userman-defaults"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">Changing default settings for local users</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#sec-yast-userman-assign"><span class="title-number">6.5 </span><span class="title-name">Assigning users to groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#sec-yast-userman-groups"><span class="title-number">6.6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#sec-yast-userman-authent"><span class="title-number">6.7 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the user authentication method</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#sec-yast-userman-defaultsystemusers"><span class="title-number">6.8 </span><span class="title-name">Default system users</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#default-system-groups"><span class="title-number">6.9 </span><span class="title-name">Default system groups</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-onlineupdate-you.html"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">YaST online update</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-onlineupdate-you.html#sec-onlineupdate-you-overview"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">The online update dialog</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-onlineupdate-you.html#sec-onlineupdate-you-install"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing patches</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-onlineupdate-you.html#sec-onlineupdate-retracted-patches"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing retracted patches</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-onlineupdate-you.html#sec-onlineupdate-you-automatically"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Automatic online update</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-yast-software.html"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Installing or removing software</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#sec-onlineupdate-terms"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Definition of terms</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#sec-yast-software-register"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Registering an installed system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#sec-yast-software-qt"><span class="title-number">8.3 </span><span class="title-name">Using the YaST software manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#sec-yast-software-instsource"><span class="title-number">8.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing software repositories and services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#sec-updater"><span class="title-number">8.5 </span><span class="title-name">The GNOME package updater</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#sec-updater-gnomesw"><span class="title-number">8.6 </span><span class="title-name">Updating packages with <span class="guimenu">GNOME Software</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-sw-cl.html"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Managing software with command line tools</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-sw-cl.html#sec-zypper"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using Zypper</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-sw-cl.html#sec-rpm"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">RPM—the package manager</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-snapper.html"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">System recovery and snapshot management with Snapper</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#sec-snapper-setup"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">Default setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#sec-snapper-undo"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using Snapper to undo changes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#sec-snapper-snapshot-boot"><span class="title-number">10.3 </span><span class="title-name">System rollback by booting from snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#sec-snapper-homedirs"><span class="title-number">10.4 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling Snapper in user home directories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#sec-snapper-config"><span class="title-number">10.5 </span><span class="title-name">Creating and modifying Snapper configurations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#sec-snapper-manage"><span class="title-number">10.6 </span><span class="title-name">Manually creating and managing snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#sec-snapper-clean-up"><span class="title-number">10.7 </span><span class="title-name">Automatic snapshot clean-up</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#id-1.3.3.11.14"><span class="title-number">10.8 </span><span class="title-name">Showing exclusive disk space used by snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#sec-snapper-faqs"><span class="title-number">10.9 </span><span class="title-name">Frequently asked questions</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-klp.html"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">Live kernel patching with KLP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-klp.html#sec-klp-advantages"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Advantages of Kernel Live Patching</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-klp.html#sec-klp-overview"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel Live Patching overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-klp.html#sec-klp-enable-with-yast2"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Activating Kernel Live Patching using YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-klp.html#sec-klp-enable-cli"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Activating Kernel Live Patching from the command line</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-klp.html#sec-klp-perform"><span class="title-number">11.5 </span><span class="title-name">Performing Kernel Live Patching</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-klp.html#sec-klp-troubleshoot"><span class="title-number">11.6 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting Kernel Live Patching issues</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-ulp.html"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">User space live patching</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ulp.html#sec-ulp"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">About user space live patching</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ulp.html#sec-ulp-info"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-transactional-updates.html"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Transactional updates</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-transactional-updates.html#sec-tu-limitations"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Limitations of technology preview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-transactional-updates.html#sec-install-tu"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling <span class="package">transactional-update</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-transactional-updates.html#sec-tu-disable"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">Managing automatic updates</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-transactional-updates.html#id-1.3.3.14.6"><span class="title-number">13.4 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="command">transactional-update</code> command</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-transactional-updates.html#sec-tu-troubleshooting"><span class="title-number">13.5 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-vnc.html"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">Remote graphical sessions with VNC</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-vnc.html#sec-vnc-viewer"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="command">vncviewer</code> client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-vnc.html#vnc-remmina"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Remmina: the remote desktop client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-vnc.html#sec-vnc-one-time"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring one-time sessions on the VNC server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-vnc.html#sec-vnc-persistent"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring persistent VNC server sessions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-vnc.html#sec-vnc-encrypt"><span class="title-number">14.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring encryption on the VNC server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-vnc.html#sec-vnc-wayland"><span class="title-number">14.6 </span><span class="title-name">Compatibility with Wayland</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-net-rsync.html"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">File copying with RSync</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-net-rsync.html#sec-net-rsync-overview"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-net-rsync.html#sec-net-rsync-syntax"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Basic syntax</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-net-rsync.html#sec-net-rsync-local-copy"><span class="title-number">15.3 </span><span class="title-name">Copying files and directories locally</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-net-rsync.html#sec-net-rsync-remote-copy"><span class="title-number">15.4 </span><span class="title-name">Copying files and directories remotely</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-net-rsync.html#sec-net-rsync-server"><span class="title-number">15.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring and using an rsync server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-net-rsync.html#sec-net-rsync-summary"><span class="title-number">15.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-boot.html"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Booting a Linux system</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-boot.html"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to the boot process</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-boot.html#sec-boot-terminology"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-boot.html#sec-boot-proc"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">The Linux boot process</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-uefi.html"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface)</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-uefi.html#sec-uefi-secboot"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name">Secure boot</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-uefi.html#sec-uefi-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-grub2.html"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">The boot loader GRUB 2</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-grub2.html#sec-grub2-new-features"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Main differences between GRUB legacy and GRUB 2</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-grub2.html#sec-grub2-file-structure"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration file structure</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-grub2.html#sec-grub2-yast2-config"><span class="title-number">18.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the boot loader with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-grub2.html#sec-grub2-zseries"><span class="title-number">18.4 </span><span class="title-name">Differences in terminal usage on IBM Z</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-grub2.html#sec-grub2-commands"><span class="title-number">18.5 </span><span class="title-name">Helpful GRUB 2 commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-grub2.html#grub-rescue-target"><span class="title-number">18.6 </span><span class="title-name">Rescue mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-grub2.html#sec-grub2-info"><span class="title-number">18.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-systemd.html"><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> daemon</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-systemd.html#sec-boot-systemd-concept"><span class="title-number">19.1 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> concept</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-systemd.html#sec-boot-systemd-basics"><span class="title-number">19.2 </span><span class="title-name">Basic usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-systemd.html#sec-boot-systemd-boot"><span class="title-number">19.3 </span><span class="title-name">System start and target management</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-systemd.html#sec-boot-runlevel-edit"><span class="title-number">19.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing services with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-systemd.html#sec-boot-systemd-custom"><span class="title-number">19.5 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing <code class="systemitem">systemd</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-systemd.html#sec-boot-systemd-advanced"><span class="title-number">19.6 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-systemd.html#sec-boot-systemd-timer-units"><span class="title-number">19.7 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">systemd</code> timer units</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-systemd.html#sec-boot-systemd-info"><span class="title-number">19.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-system.html"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">System</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-64bit.html"><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">32-bit and 64-bit applications in a 64-bit system environment</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-64bit.html#sec-64bit-runt"><span class="title-number">20.1 </span><span class="title-name">Runtime support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-64bit.html#sec-64bit-kernel"><span class="title-number">20.2 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel specifications</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-journalctl.html"><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">journalctl</code>: query the <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> journal</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-journalctl.html#sec-journalctl-persistent"><span class="title-number">21.1 </span><span class="title-name">Making the journal persistent</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-journalctl.html#sec-journalctl-switches"><span class="title-number">21.2 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">journalctl</code>: useful switches</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-journalctl.html#sec-journalctl-filter"><span class="title-number">21.3 </span><span class="title-name">Filtering the journal output</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-journalctl.html#sec-journalctl-investigate"><span class="title-number">21.4 </span><span class="title-name">Investigating <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> errors</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-journalctl.html#sec-journalctl-config"><span class="title-number">21.5 </span><span class="title-name">Journald configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-journalctl.html#sec-journalctl-yast"><span class="title-number">21.6 </span><span class="title-name">Using YaST to filter the <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> journal</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-journalctl.html#sec-journalctl-gnome-logs"><span class="title-number">21.7 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing logs in GNOME</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html"><span class="title-number">22 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">update-alternatives</code>: managing multiple versions of commands and files</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html#sec-ua-concept"><span class="title-number">22.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html#sec-ua-use-cases"><span class="title-number">22.2 </span><span class="title-name">Use cases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html#sec-ua-view-all"><span class="title-number">22.3 </span><span class="title-name">Getting an overview of alternatives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html#sec-ua-view"><span class="title-number">22.4 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing details on specific alternatives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html#sec-ua-set"><span class="title-number">22.5 </span><span class="title-name">Setting the default version of alternatives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html#sec-ua-install"><span class="title-number">22.6 </span><span class="title-name">Installing custom alternatives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html#sec-ua-slave"><span class="title-number">22.7 </span><span class="title-name">Defining dependent alternatives</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-network.html"><span class="title-number">23 </span><span class="title-name">Basic networking</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-network.html#sec-network-addresses"><span class="title-number">23.1 </span><span class="title-name">IP addresses and routing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-network.html#sec-network-ipv6"><span class="title-number">23.2 </span><span class="title-name">IPv6—the next generation Internet</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-network.html#sec-network-nameres"><span class="title-number">23.3 </span><span class="title-name">Name resolution</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-network.html#sec-network-yast"><span class="title-number">23.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a network connection with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-network.html#sec-network-manconf"><span class="title-number">23.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a network connection manually</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-network.html#sec-network-router"><span class="title-number">23.6 </span><span class="title-name">Basic router setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-network.html#sec-network-iface-bonding"><span class="title-number">23.7 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up bonding devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-network.html#sec-network-iface-teaming"><span class="title-number">23.8 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up team devices for Network Teaming</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-network.html#sec-network-openvswitch"><span class="title-number">23.9 </span><span class="title-name">Software-defined networking with <span class="productname">Open vSwitch</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-print.html"><span class="title-number">24 </span><span class="title-name">Printer operation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-print.html#sec-print-workflow"><span class="title-number">24.1 </span><span class="title-name">The CUPS workflow</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-print.html#sec-print-method"><span class="title-number">24.2 </span><span class="title-name">Methods and protocols for connecting printers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-print.html#sec-print-software"><span class="title-number">24.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing the software</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-print.html#sec-print-net"><span class="title-number">24.4 </span><span class="title-name">Network printers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-print.html#sec-print-net-config-cmdl"><span class="title-number">24.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring CUPS with command line tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-print.html#sec-print-appl-commandline"><span class="title-number">24.6 </span><span class="title-name">Printing from the command line</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-print.html#sec-print-special"><span class="title-number">24.7 </span><span class="title-name">Special features in <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-print.html#sec-print-prob"><span class="title-number">24.8 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html"><span class="title-number">25 </span><span class="title-name">Graphical user interface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#sec-gui-desktop-xorg"><span class="title-number">25.1 </span><span class="title-name">X Window System</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#sec-x11-fontsys"><span class="title-number">25.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing and configuring fonts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#sec-gui-desktop-gnome"><span class="title-number">25.3 </span><span class="title-name">GNOME configuration for administrators</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#sec-gui-desktop-suse-prime"><span class="title-number">25.4 </span><span class="title-name">Switching between Intel and NVIDIA Optimus GPUs with SUSE Prime</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-fuse.html"><span class="title-number">26 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing file systems with FUSE</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-fuse.html#sec-fuse-config"><span class="title-number">26.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring FUSE</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-fuse.html#sec-fuse-ntfs"><span class="title-number">26.2 </span><span class="title-name">Mounting an NTFS partition</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-fuse.html#sec-fuse-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">26.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-multikernel.html"><span class="title-number">27 </span><span class="title-name">Installing multiple kernel versions</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-multikernel.html#sec-tuning-multikernel-enable"><span class="title-number">27.1 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling and configuring multiversion support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-multikernel.html#sec-tuning-multikernel-yast"><span class="title-number">27.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing/removing multiple kernel versions with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-multikernel.html#sec-tuning-multikernel-zypper"><span class="title-number">27.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing/removing multiple kernel versions with Zypper</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-mod.html"><span class="title-number">28 </span><span class="title-name">Managing kernel modules</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-mod.html#sec-mod-lsmod"><span class="title-number">28.1 </span><span class="title-name">Listing loaded modules with lsmod and modinfo</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-mod.html#sec-mod-modprobe"><span class="title-number">28.2 </span><span class="title-name">Adding and removing kernel modules</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-udev.html"><span class="title-number">29 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic kernel device management with <code class="systemitem">udev</code></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-devdir"><span class="title-number">29.1 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="filename">/dev</code> directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-kernel"><span class="title-number">29.2 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel <code class="systemitem">uevents</code> and <code class="systemitem">udev</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-drivers"><span class="title-number">29.3 </span><span class="title-name">Drivers, kernel modules and devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-boot"><span class="title-number">29.4 </span><span class="title-name">Booting and initial device setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-debug"><span class="title-number">29.5 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring the running <code class="systemitem">udev</code> daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-rules"><span class="title-number">29.6 </span><span class="title-name">Influencing kernel device event handling with <code class="systemitem">udev</code> rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-persdev"><span class="title-number">29.7 </span><span class="title-name">Persistent device naming</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-files"><span class="title-number">29.8 </span><span class="title-name">Files used by <code class="systemitem">udev</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">29.9 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-suse.html"><span class="title-number">30 </span><span class="title-name">Special system features</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-suse.html#sec-suse-packages"><span class="title-number">30.1 </span><span class="title-name">Information about special software packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-suse.html#sec-suse-virt-konsolen"><span class="title-number">30.2 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual consoles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-suse.html#sec-suse-kb"><span class="title-number">30.3 </span><span class="title-name">Keyboard mapping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-suse.html#sec-suse-l10n"><span class="title-number">30.4 </span><span class="title-name">Language and country-specific settings</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-nm.html"><span class="title-number">31 </span><span class="title-name">Using NetworkManager</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nm.html#sec-nm-usecase"><span class="title-number">31.1 </span><span class="title-name">Use cases for NetworkManager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nm.html#sec-nm-activate"><span class="title-number">31.2 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling or disabling NetworkManager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nm.html#sec-nm-configure"><span class="title-number">31.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring network connections</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nm.html#sec-nm-security"><span class="title-number">31.4 </span><span class="title-name">NetworkManager and security</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nm.html#sec-nm-faq"><span class="title-number">31.5 </span><span class="title-name">Frequently asked questions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nm.html#sec-nm-trouble"><span class="title-number">31.6 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nm.html#sec-nm-more"><span class="title-number">31.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-hardware.html"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Hardware configuration</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="sec-yast-hw-keym.html"><span class="title-number">32 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up your system keyboard layout</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="sec-yast-hw-sound.html"><span class="title-number">33 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up sound cards</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="sec-yast-hw-print.html"><span class="title-number">34 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a printer</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-yast-hw-print.html#sec-yast-hw-print-local"><span class="title-number">34.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring printers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-yast-hw-print.html#sec-yast-hw-print-network"><span class="title-number">34.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring printing via the network with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-yast-hw-print.html#sec-yast-hw-print-share"><span class="title-number">34.3 </span><span class="title-name">Sharing printers over the network</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-power-mgmt.html"><span class="title-number">35 </span><span class="title-name">Power management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-power-mgmt.html#sec-power-mgmt-save"><span class="title-number">35.1 </span><span class="title-name">Power saving functions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-power-mgmt.html#sec-power-mgmt-acpi"><span class="title-number">35.2 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced configuration and power interface (ACPI)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-power-mgmt.html#sec-power-mgmt-silenthd"><span class="title-number">35.3 </span><span class="title-name">Rest for the hard disk</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-power-mgmt.html#sec-power-mgmt-faq"><span class="title-number">35.4 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-nvdimm.html"><span class="title-number">36 </span><span class="title-name">Persistent memory</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvdimm.html#sec-nvdimm-intro"><span class="title-number">36.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvdimm.html#sec-nvdimm-terms"><span class="title-number">36.2 </span><span class="title-name">Terms</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvdimm.html#sec-nvdimm-uses"><span class="title-number">36.3 </span><span class="title-name">Use cases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvdimm.html#sec-nvdimm-tools"><span class="title-number">36.4 </span><span class="title-name">Tools for managing persistent memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvdimm.html#sec-nvdimm-setup"><span class="title-number">36.5 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up persistent memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvdimm.html#sec-nvdimm-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">36.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-services.html"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Services</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-yast-serviceman.html"><span class="title-number">37 </span><span class="title-name">Service management with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-ntp.html"><span class="title-number">38 </span><span class="title-name">Time synchronization with NTP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ntp.html#sec-ntp-yast"><span class="title-number">38.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring an NTP client with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ntp.html#sec-net-xntp-netconf"><span class="title-number">38.2 </span><span class="title-name">Manually configuring NTP in the network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ntp.html#ntp-chronyc"><span class="title-number">38.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configure <code class="systemitem">chronyd</code> at runtime using <code class="command">chronyc</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ntp.html#sec-net-xntp-dynamic"><span class="title-number">38.4 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic time synchronization at runtime</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ntp.html#sec-net-xntp-normal"><span class="title-number">38.5 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a local reference clock</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ntp.html#sec-net-xntp-etr"><span class="title-number">38.6 </span><span class="title-name">Clock synchronization to an external time reference (ETR)</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-dns.html"><span class="title-number">39 </span><span class="title-name">The domain name system</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-dns.html#sec-dns-basic"><span class="title-number">39.1 </span><span class="title-name">DNS terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-dns.html#sec-dns-install"><span class="title-number">39.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-dns.html#sec-dns-yast"><span class="title-number">39.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-dns.html#sec-dns-bind"><span class="title-number">39.4 </span><span class="title-name">Starting the BIND name server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-dns.html#sec-dns-named"><span class="title-number">39.5 </span><span class="title-name">The /etc/named.conf configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-dns.html#sec-dns-zonefile"><span class="title-number">39.6 </span><span class="title-name">Zone files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-dns.html#sec-dns-dynupdate"><span class="title-number">39.7 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic update of zone data</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-dns.html#sec-dns-tsig"><span class="title-number">39.8 </span><span class="title-name">Secure transactions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-dns.html#sec-dns-dnssec"><span class="title-number">39.9 </span><span class="title-name">DNS security</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-dns.html#sec-dns-info"><span class="title-number">39.10 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-dhcp.html"><span class="title-number">40 </span><span class="title-name">DHCP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-dhcp.html#sec-dhcp-yast"><span class="title-number">40.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a DHCP server with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-dhcp.html#sec-dhcp-soft"><span class="title-number">40.2 </span><span class="title-name">DHCP software packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-dhcp.html#sec-dhcp-server"><span class="title-number">40.3 </span><span class="title-name">The DHCP server dhcpd</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-dhcp.html#sec-dhcp-addinfo"><span class="title-number">40.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-slp.html"><span class="title-number">41 </span><span class="title-name">SLP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-slp.html#sec-slp-sl-fend"><span class="title-number">41.1 </span><span class="title-name">The SLP front-end <code class="command">slptool</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-slp.html#sec-slp-sl-reg"><span class="title-number">41.2 </span><span class="title-name">Providing services via SLP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-slp.html#sec-slp-info"><span class="title-number">41.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apache2.html"><span class="title-number">42 </span><span class="title-name">The Apache HTTP server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apache2.html#sec-apache2-quickstart"><span class="title-number">42.1 </span><span class="title-name">Quick start</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apache2.html#sec-apache2-configuration"><span class="title-number">42.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring Apache</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apache2.html#sec-apache2-start-stop"><span class="title-number">42.3 </span><span class="title-name">Starting and stopping Apache</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apache2.html#sec-apache2-modules"><span class="title-number">42.4 </span><span class="title-name">Installing, activating and configuring modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apache2.html#sec-apache2-cgi"><span class="title-number">42.5 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling CGI scripts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apache2.html#sec-apache2-ssl"><span class="title-number">42.6 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a secure Web server with SSL</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apache2.html#sec-apache2-multiple-instances"><span class="title-number">42.7 </span><span class="title-name">Running multiple Apache instances on the same server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apache2.html#sec-apache2-security"><span class="title-number">42.8 </span><span class="title-name">Avoiding security problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apache2.html#sec-apache2-troubleeshooting"><span class="title-number">42.9 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apache2.html#sec-apache2-more-information"><span class="title-number">42.10 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-ftp.html"><span class="title-number">43 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an FTP server with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ftp.html#sec-ftp-start"><span class="title-number">43.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting the FTP server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ftp.html#sec-ftp-general"><span class="title-number">43.2 </span><span class="title-name">FTP general settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ftp.html#sec-ftp-performance"><span class="title-number">43.3 </span><span class="title-name">FTP performance settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ftp.html#sec-ftp-auth"><span class="title-number">43.4 </span><span class="title-name">Authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ftp.html#sec-ftp-expert"><span class="title-number">43.5 </span><span class="title-name">Expert settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ftp.html#sec-ftp-info"><span class="title-number">43.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-squid.html"><span class="title-number">44 </span><span class="title-name">Squid caching proxy server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-squid.html#sec-squid-cacheinfos"><span class="title-number">44.1 </span><span class="title-name">Some facts about proxy servers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-squid.html#sec-squid-sysneeds"><span class="title-number">44.2 </span><span class="title-name">System requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-squid.html#sec-squid-start"><span class="title-number">44.3 </span><span class="title-name">Basic usage of Squid</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-squid.html#sec-squid-yast"><span class="title-number">44.4 </span><span class="title-name">The YaST Squid module</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-squid.html#sec-squid-configfile"><span class="title-number">44.5 </span><span class="title-name">The Squid configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-squid.html#sec-squid-proxyconfigtrans"><span class="title-number">44.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a transparent proxy</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-squid.html#sec-squid-cachemgr"><span class="title-number">44.7 </span><span class="title-name">Using the Squid cache manager CGI interface (<code class="systemitem">cachemgr.cgi</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-squid.html#sec-squid-calamaris"><span class="title-number">44.8 </span><span class="title-name">Cache report generation with Calamaris</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-squid.html#sec-squid-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">44.9 </span><span class="title-name">More Information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-wbem.html"><span class="title-number">45 </span><span class="title-name">Web Based Enterprise Management using SFCB</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-wbem.html#sec-wbem-intro"><span class="title-number">45.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction and basic concept</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-wbem.html#sec-wbem-setting"><span class="title-number">45.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up SFCB</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-wbem.html#sec-wbem-config"><span class="title-number">45.3 </span><span class="title-name">SFCB CIMOM configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-wbem.html#sec-wbem-advanced"><span class="title-number">45.4 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced SFCB tasks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-wbem.html#sec-wbem-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">45.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-trouble.html"><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-adminhelp.html"><span class="title-number">46 </span><span class="title-name">Help and documentation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adminhelp.html#sec-help-onboard-docdir"><span class="title-number">46.1 </span><span class="title-name">Documentation directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adminhelp.html#sec-help-onboard-manpages"><span class="title-number">46.2 </span><span class="title-name">Man pages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adminhelp.html#sec-help-onboard-infopages"><span class="title-number">46.3 </span><span class="title-name">Info pages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adminhelp.html#sec-help-online"><span class="title-number">46.4 </span><span class="title-name">Online resources</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-adm-support.html"><span class="title-number">47 </span><span class="title-name">Gathering system information for support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#sec-admsupport-hostinfo"><span class="title-number">47.1 </span><span class="title-name">Displaying current system information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#sec-admsupport-supportconfig"><span class="title-number">47.2 </span><span class="title-name">Collecting system information with supportconfig</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#sec-admsupport-submit"><span class="title-number">47.3 </span><span class="title-name">Submitting information to Global Technical Support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#sec-admsupport-sca"><span class="title-number">47.4 </span><span class="title-name">Analyzing system information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#sec-admsupport-install"><span class="title-number">47.5 </span><span class="title-name">Gathering information during the installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#sec-admsupport-kernel"><span class="title-number">47.6 </span><span class="title-name">Support of kernel modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#sec-admsupport-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">47.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-trouble.html"><span class="title-number">48 </span><span class="title-name">Common problems and their solutions</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-trouble.html#sec-trouble-info"><span class="title-number">48.1 </span><span class="title-name">Finding and gathering information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-trouble.html#sec-trouble-boot"><span class="title-number">48.2 </span><span class="title-name">Boot problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-trouble.html#sec-trouble-login"><span class="title-number">48.3 </span><span class="title-name">Login problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-trouble.html#sec-trouble-netconfig"><span class="title-number">48.4 </span><span class="title-name">Network problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-trouble.html#sec-trouble-data"><span class="title-number">48.5 </span><span class="title-name">Data problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-trouble.html#sec-zseries-rescue"><span class="title-number">48.6 </span><span class="title-name">IBM Z: using initrd as a rescue system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-trouble.html#sec-zseries-boot-new-kernel"><span class="title-number">48.7 </span><span class="title-name">IBM Z: After a kernel update the system boots into the previous kernel</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="app-nwscheme.html"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">An example network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="bk01apb.html"><span class="title-number">B </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="bk01apb.html#id-1.3.10.4"><span class="title-number">B.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-yast-text.html#fig-yast2-ncurses"><span class="number">4.1 </span><span class="name">Main window of YaST in text mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-yast-text.html#fig-yast2-ncurses-inst"><span class="number">4.2 </span><span class="name">The software installation module</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#fig-y2-userman-main"><span class="number">6.1 </span><span class="name">YaST user and group administration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-onlineupdate-you.html#id-1.3.3.8.9.4"><span class="number">7.1 </span><span class="name">YaST online update</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-onlineupdate-you.html#id-1.3.3.8.11.3"><span class="number">7.2 </span><span class="name">Viewing retracted patches and history</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-onlineupdate-you.html#id-1.3.3.8.12.6.2.2"><span class="number">7.3 </span><span class="name">YaST online update configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#fig-y2-sw-packconfl"><span class="number">8.1 </span><span class="name">Conflict management of the software manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#fig-y2-sw-repo-new"><span class="number">8.2 </span><span class="name">Adding a software repository</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#id-1.3.3.9.9.6"><span class="number">8.3 </span><span class="name">Update notification on GNOME desktop</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#id-1.3.3.9.10.6"><span class="number">8.4 </span><span class="name"><span class="guimenu">GNOME Software</span>—<span class="guimenu">Updates</span> view</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-snapper.html#fig-snapper-snapshot-boot-identify"><span class="number">10.1 </span><span class="name">Boot loader: snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#fig-vnc-viewer-connectgui"><span class="number">14.1 </span><span class="name">vncviewer</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#id-1.3.3.15.4.4.3"><span class="number">14.2 </span><span class="name">Remmina's main window</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#id-1.3.3.15.4.5.3"><span class="number">14.3 </span><span class="name">Remote desktop preference</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#id-1.3.3.15.4.6.3.3"><span class="number">14.4 </span><span class="name">Quick-starting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#id-1.3.3.15.4.6.5.3"><span class="number">14.5 </span><span class="name">Remmina viewing remote session</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#id-1.3.3.15.4.8.5"><span class="number">14.6 </span><span class="name">Reading path to the profile file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#id-1.3.3.15.5.4"><span class="number">14.7 </span><span class="name">Remote administration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#id-1.3.3.15.6.4.4.3"><span class="number">14.8 </span><span class="name">VNC session settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#id-1.3.3.15.6.4.5.3"><span class="number">14.9 </span><span class="name">Joining a persistent VNC session</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-uefi.html#id-1.3.4.3.8.7.3.3"><span class="number">17.1 </span><span class="name">Secure boot support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-uefi.html#fig-uefi-secure-boot-mok2"><span class="number">17.2 </span><span class="name">UEFI: secure boot process</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-grub2.html#fig-grub2-boot-editor"><span class="number">18.1 </span><span class="name">GRUB 2 boot editor</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-grub2.html#fig-grub2-yast-boot-code-options0"><span class="number">18.2 </span><span class="name">Boot code options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-grub2.html#fig-grub2-yast-bootloader-options"><span class="number">18.3 </span><span class="name">Boot loader options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-grub2.html#fig-grub2-yast-kernel-parameters"><span class="number">18.4 </span><span class="name">Kernel parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-systemd.html#fig-yast2-runlevel"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">Services Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-journalctl.html#fig-journalctl-yast"><span class="number">21.1 </span><span class="name">YaST systemd journal</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-network.html#fig-net-basic-OSI"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Simplified layer model for TCP/IP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-network.html#fig-net-basic-TCPPaket"><span class="number">23.2 </span><span class="name">TCP/IP Ethernet packet</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-network.html#fig-yast2-neticard"><span class="number">23.3 </span><span class="name">Configuring network settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-network.html#wicked-architecture"><span class="number">23.4 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">wicked</code> architecture</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-tuning-multikernel.html#id-1.3.5.9.6.3.2.2"><span class="number">27.1 </span><span class="name">The YaST software manager: multiversion view</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-nm.html#id-1.3.5.13.8.6"><span class="number">31.1 </span><span class="name">GNOME Network Connections dialog</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-nm.html#id-1.3.5.13.9.8.2"><span class="number">31.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">firewalld</code> zones in NetworkManager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-yast-serviceman.html#fig-yast-serviceman"><span class="number">37.1 </span><span class="name">YaST service manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-ntp.html#id-1.3.7.3.6.4"><span class="number">38.1 </span><span class="name">NTP configuration window</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-ntp.html#id-1.3.7.3.6.7.4"><span class="number">38.2 </span><span class="name">Adding a time server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dns.html#fig-yast2-dnsinst-forwarders"><span class="number">39.1 </span><span class="name">DNS server installation: forwarder settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dns.html#fig-yast2-dnsinst-zones"><span class="number">39.2 </span><span class="name">DNS server installation: DNS zones</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dns.html#fig-yast2-dnsinst-finish"><span class="number">39.3 </span><span class="name">DNS server installation: finish wizard</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dns.html#fig-yast2-dns-logging"><span class="number">39.4 </span><span class="name">DNS server: logging</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dns.html#fig-yast2-dns-ddns"><span class="number">39.5 </span><span class="name">DNS server: Zone Editor (Basics)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dns.html#fig-yast2-dns-nsrec"><span class="number">39.6 </span><span class="name">DNS server: Zone Editor (NS Records)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dns.html#fig-yast2-dns-mxrec"><span class="number">39.7 </span><span class="name">DNS server: Zone Editor (MX Records)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dns.html#fig-yast2-dns-soa"><span class="number">39.8 </span><span class="name">DNS server: Zone Editor (SOA)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dns.html#id-1.3.7.4.5.4.11.7.3.3.2"><span class="number">39.9 </span><span class="name">Adding a record for a primary zone</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dns.html#id-1.3.7.4.5.4.11.7.3.4.2"><span class="number">39.10 </span><span class="name">Adding a reverse zone</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dns.html#id-1.3.7.4.5.4.11.7.3.5.2"><span class="number">39.11 </span><span class="name">Adding a reverse record</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dhcp.html#fig-yast2-dhcp-wiz1"><span class="number">40.1 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: card selection</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dhcp.html#fig-yast2-dhcp-wiz2"><span class="number">40.2 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: global settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dhcp.html#fig-yast2-dhcp-wiz3"><span class="number">40.3 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: dynamic DHCP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dhcp.html#fig-yast2-dhcp-start"><span class="number">40.4 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: start-up</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dhcp.html#fig-yast2-dhcp-statdhcp"><span class="number">40.5 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: host management</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dhcp.html#fig-yast2-dhcp-chroot"><span class="number">40.6 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: chroot jail and declarations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dhcp.html#fig-yast2-dhcp-newdec"><span class="number">40.7 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: selecting a declaration type</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dhcp.html#fig-yast2-dhcp-sub"><span class="number">40.8 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: configuring subnets</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dhcp.html#fig-yast2-dhcp-tsig"><span class="number">40.9 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: TSIG configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dhcp.html#fig-yast2-dhcp-dyndns"><span class="number">40.10 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: interface configuration for dynamic DNS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dhcp.html#fig-yast2-dhcp-fire"><span class="number">40.11 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: network interface and firewall</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-apache2.html#fig-apache2-configuration-yast-host"><span class="number">42.1 </span><span class="name">HTTP server wizard: default host</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-apache2.html#fig-apache2-configuration-yast-summary"><span class="number">42.2 </span><span class="name">HTTP server wizard: summary</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-apache2.html#fig-apache2-configuration-yast-server-configuration-listen"><span class="number">42.3 </span><span class="name">HTTP server configuration: listen ports and addresses</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-apache2.html#fig-apache2-configuration-yast-server-configuration-modules"><span class="number">42.4 </span><span class="name">HTTP server configuration: server modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-ftp.html#fig-yast2-ftp-start-up"><span class="number">43.1 </span><span class="name">FTP server configuration — start-up</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#fig-scatool-html"><span class="number">47.1 </span><span class="name">HTML report generated by SCA tool</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#fig-sca-appl-html"><span class="number">47.2 </span><span class="name">HTML report generated by SCA appliance</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#tab-adm-shell-config-loginshells"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Bash configuration files for login shells</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#tab-adm-shell-configs-nonloginshells"><span class="number">1.2 </span><span class="name">Bash configuration files for non-login shells</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#id-1.3.3.2.3.3.10"><span class="number">1.3 </span><span class="name">Special files for Bash</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#id-1.3.3.2.3.4.4"><span class="number">1.4 </span><span class="name">Overview of a standard directory tree</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#tab-adm-envars"><span class="number">1.5 </span><span class="name">Useful environment variables</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-sw-cl.html#tab-rpm-query"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Essential RPM query options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-sw-cl.html#tab-rpm-verify"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name">RPM verify options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-systemd.html#id-1.3.4.5.6.6.9"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">Service management commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-systemd.html#id-1.3.4.5.6.7.3.4"><span class="number">19.2 </span><span class="name">Commands for enabling and disabling services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-systemd.html#id-1.3.4.5.7.3.9"><span class="number">19.3 </span><span class="name">System V runlevels and <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> target units</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-network.html#tab-net-basic-privat-net"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Private IP address domains</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-network.html#tab-net-param-hostconf"><span class="number">23.2 </span><span class="name">Parameters for /etc/host.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-network.html#tab-net-nnswitch-db"><span class="number">23.3 </span><span class="name">Databases available via /etc/nsswitch.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-network.html#tab-net-nnswitch-conf"><span class="number">23.4 </span><span class="name">Configuration options for NSS <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">databases</span>”</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-network.html#tab-team-comparison"><span class="number">23.5 </span><span class="name">Feature comparison between bonding and team</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#tab-x11-fontsys-example-alias"><span class="number">25.1 </span><span class="name">Generating PFL from fontconfig rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#tab-x11-fontsys-example-alias2"><span class="number">25.2 </span><span class="name">Results from generating PFL from fontconfig rules with changed order</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#tab-x11-fontsys-example-alias3"><span class="number">25.3 </span><span class="name">Results from generating PFL from fontconfig rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-suse.html#tab-suse-packages-ulimit"><span class="number">30.1 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">ulimit</code>: Setting resources for the user</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-wbem.html#tab-wbem-setting-daemon-1"><span class="number">45.1 </span><span class="name">Commands for managing sfcbd</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-adminhelp.html#tab-help-mancategory"><span class="number">46.1 </span><span class="name">Man pages—categories and descriptions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#tab-admsupport-features-and-filenames"><span class="number">47.1 </span><span class="name">Comparison of features and file names in the TAR archive</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-trouble.html#tab-trouble-info"><span class="number">48.1 </span><span class="name">Log files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-trouble.html#tab-trouble-system"><span class="number">48.2 </span><span class="name">System information with the <code class="filename">/proc</code> file system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-trouble.html#tab-trouble-sysfs"><span class="number">48.3 </span><span class="name">System information with the <code class="filename">/sys</code> file system</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#id-1.3.3.2.4.3"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">A shell script printing a text</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-sw-cl.html#ex-zypper-repos"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Zypper—list of known repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-sw-cl.html#aus-update-rpm-i"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">rpm -q -i wget</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-sw-cl.html#dat-rpm-search"><span class="number">9.3 </span><span class="name">Script to search for packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-snapper.html#ex-snapper-config-timeline"><span class="number">10.1 </span><span class="name">Example timeline configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-grub2.html#id-1.3.4.4.7.2.1.2.2"><span class="number">18.1 </span><span class="name">Usage of grub2-mkconfig</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-grub2.html#id-1.3.4.4.7.2.2.2.2"><span class="number">18.2 </span><span class="name">Usage of grub2-mkrescue</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-grub2.html#id-1.3.4.4.7.2.3.2.2"><span class="number">18.3 </span><span class="name">Usage of grub2-script-check</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-grub2.html#id-1.3.4.4.7.2.4.2.2"><span class="number">18.4 </span><span class="name">Usage of grub2-once</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-systemd.html#id-1.3.4.5.7.4.3.3"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">List active services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-systemd.html#id-1.3.4.5.7.4.3.5"><span class="number">19.2 </span><span class="name">List failed services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-systemd.html#id-1.3.4.5.10.8.5"><span class="number">19.3 </span><span class="name">List all processes belonging to a service</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html#id-1.3.5.4.3.9"><span class="number">22.1 </span><span class="name">Alternatives System of the <code class="command">java</code> command</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#aus-net-basic-ipaddress"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Writing IP addresses</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#tab-net-basic-netmask"><span class="number">23.2 </span><span class="name">Linking IP addresses to the netmask</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#aus-net-ipv6-add"><span class="number">23.3 </span><span class="name">Sample IPv6 address</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#aus-net-ipv6-addpre"><span class="number">23.4 </span><span class="name">IPv6 address specifying the prefix length</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#id-1.3.5.5.17.5.10.9"><span class="number">23.5 </span><span class="name">Common network interfaces and some static routes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#dat-net-etc-resolv-conf"><span class="number">23.6 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/var/run/netconfig/resolv.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#dat-net-etc-hosts"><span class="number">23.7 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/etc/hosts</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#dat-net-networks"><span class="number">23.8 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/etc/networks</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#dat-net-etc-hostconf"><span class="number">23.9 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/etc/host.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#dat-net-nsswitchconf"><span class="number">23.10 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/etc/nsswitch.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#ex-basicnet-manconf-ping"><span class="number">23.11 </span><span class="name">Output of the command ping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#ex-team-lb"><span class="number">23.12 </span><span class="name">Configuration for load balancing with Network Teaming</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#ex-team-failover"><span class="number">23.13 </span><span class="name">Configuration for DHCP Network Teaming device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-print.html#aus-d-lpd"><span class="number">24.1 </span><span class="name">Error message from <code class="command">lpd</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-print.html#aus-d-bcast"><span class="number">24.2 </span><span class="name">Broadcast from the CUPS network server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#ex-x11-fontsys-fontconfig-rendering-algorithms"><span class="number">25.1 </span><span class="name">Specifying rendering algorithms</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#ex-x11-fontsys-fontconfig-aliases1"><span class="number">25.2 </span><span class="name">Aliases and family name substitutions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#ex-x11-fontsys-fontconfig-aliases2"><span class="number">25.3 </span><span class="name">Aliases and family name substitutions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#ex-x11-fontsys-fontconfig-aliases3"><span class="number">25.4 </span><span class="name">Aliases and family names substitutions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-udev.html#ex-rules"><span class="number">29.1 </span><span class="name">Example <code class="systemitem">udev</code> rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-suse.html#ex-suse-packages-cron"><span class="number">30.1 </span><span class="name">Entry in /etc/crontab</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-suse.html#ex-suse-packages-cron-time"><span class="number">30.2 </span><span class="name">/etc/crontab: remove time stamp files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-suse.html#ex-u-ulimit-bashrc"><span class="number">30.3 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">ulimit</code>: Settings in <code class="filename">~/.bashrc</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-dns.html#ex-forward"><span class="number">39.1 </span><span class="name">Forwarding options in named.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-dns.html#ex-named-mini"><span class="number">39.2 </span><span class="name">A basic /etc/named.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-dns.html#ex-no-log"><span class="number">39.3 </span><span class="name">Entry to disable logging</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-dns.html#ex-meine-domain"><span class="number">39.4 </span><span class="name">Zone entry for example.com</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-dns.html#ex-andere-domain"><span class="number">39.5 </span><span class="name">Zone entry for example.net</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-dns.html#ex-welt-zone"><span class="number">39.6 </span><span class="name">The /var/lib/named/example.com.zone file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-dns.html#dat-arpa"><span class="number">39.7 </span><span class="name">Reverse lookup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-dhcp.html#dat-dhcp-conf"><span class="number">40.1 </span><span class="name">The configuration file /etc/dhcpd.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-dhcp.html#dat-dhcp-conf-add"><span class="number">40.2 </span><span class="name">Additions to the configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-apache2.html#ex-apache2-virtual-hosts-name-based"><span class="number">42.1 </span><span class="name">Basic examples of name-based <code class="systemitem">VirtualHost</code> entries</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-apache2.html#ex-apache-directives-virtualhost-name-based"><span class="number">42.2 </span><span class="name">Name-based <code class="systemitem">VirtualHost</code> directives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-apache2.html#ex-apache-directives-virtualhost-ip-based"><span class="number">42.3 </span><span class="name">IP-based <code class="systemitem">VirtualHost</code> directives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-apache2.html#ex-apache-directives-virtualhost-basic-configuration"><span class="number">42.4 </span><span class="name">Basic <code class="systemitem">VirtualHost</code> configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-apache2.html#ex-apache2-cgi-configuration"><span class="number">42.5 </span><span class="name">VirtualHost CGI configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-squid.html#ex-squidclient-request"><span class="number">44.1 </span><span class="name">A request with <code class="command">squidclient</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-squid.html#ex-squid-school"><span class="number">44.2 </span><span class="name">Defining ACL rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#ex-support-hostinfo"><span class="number">47.1 </span><span class="name">Output of <code class="command">hostinfo</code> when logging in as <code class="systemitem">root</code></span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.3.1.5"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-administration/index.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-administration/index.html
index 9c30db7e27..cafd4a25c2 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-administration/index.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-administration/index.html
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@
     This guide covers system administration tasks
      like maintaining, monitoring and customizing an initially installed
      system.
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-administration.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Administration Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-administration.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Administration Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="preface-administration.html"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-administration.html#id-1.3.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-administration.html#id-1.3.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-administration.html#id-1.3.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-administration.html#id-1.3.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-administration.html"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Common tasks</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Bash and Bash scripts</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#sec-adm-whatistheshell"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">What is <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">the shell</span>”</span>?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#sec-adm-shellscripts"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Writing shell scripts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#sec-adm-shell-redirect"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Redirecting command events</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#sec-adm-alias"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using aliases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#sec-adm-variables"><span class="title-number">1.5 </span><span class="title-name">Using variables in Bash</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#sec-adm-shell-grouping"><span class="title-number">1.6 </span><span class="title-name">Grouping and combining commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#sec-adm-shell-commonconstructs"><span class="title-number">1.7 </span><span class="title-name">Working with common flow constructs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#sec-adm-shell-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">1.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-adm-sudo.html"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">sudo</code> basics</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-sudo.html#sec-adm-sudo-usage"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Basic <code class="command">sudo</code> usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-sudo.html#sec-sudo-conf"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring <code class="command">sudo</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-sudo.html#sec-sudo-usecases"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">sudo</code> use cases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-sudo.html#sec-adm-sudo-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-yast-gui.html"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Using YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-gui.html#sec-yast2-gui"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">YaST interface overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-gui.html#sec-yast-gui-key-combination"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Useful key combinations</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-yast-text.html"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">YaST in text mode</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-text.html#sec-yast-cli-navigate"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Navigation in modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-text.html#sec-yast-cli-key-combination"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced key combinations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-text.html#sec-yast-cli-restricted-keys"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Restriction of key combinations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-text.html#sec-yast-cli-options"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">YaST command line options</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-yast-lang.html"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Changing language and country settings with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-lang.html#sec-yast-langmod"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the system language</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-lang.html#sec-yast-country"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the country and time settings</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing users with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#sec-yast-userman-main"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">User and group administration dialog</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#sec-yast-userman-users"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Managing user accounts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#sec-yast-userman-adv"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Additional options for user accounts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#sec-yast-userman-defaults"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">Changing default settings for local users</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#sec-yast-userman-assign"><span class="title-number">6.5 </span><span class="title-name">Assigning users to groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#sec-yast-userman-groups"><span class="title-number">6.6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#sec-yast-userman-authent"><span class="title-number">6.7 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the user authentication method</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#sec-yast-userman-defaultsystemusers"><span class="title-number">6.8 </span><span class="title-name">Default system users</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#default-system-groups"><span class="title-number">6.9 </span><span class="title-name">Default system groups</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-onlineupdate-you.html"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">YaST online update</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-onlineupdate-you.html#sec-onlineupdate-you-overview"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">The online update dialog</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-onlineupdate-you.html#sec-onlineupdate-you-install"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing patches</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-onlineupdate-you.html#sec-onlineupdate-retracted-patches"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing retracted patches</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-onlineupdate-you.html#sec-onlineupdate-you-automatically"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Automatic online update</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-yast-software.html"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Installing or removing software</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#sec-onlineupdate-terms"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Definition of terms</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#sec-yast-software-register"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Registering an installed system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#sec-yast-software-qt"><span class="title-number">8.3 </span><span class="title-name">Using the YaST software manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#sec-yast-software-instsource"><span class="title-number">8.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing software repositories and services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#sec-updater"><span class="title-number">8.5 </span><span class="title-name">The GNOME package updater</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#sec-updater-gnomesw"><span class="title-number">8.6 </span><span class="title-name">Updating packages with <span class="guimenu">GNOME Software</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-sw-cl.html"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Managing software with command line tools</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-sw-cl.html#sec-zypper"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using Zypper</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-sw-cl.html#sec-rpm"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">RPM—the package manager</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-snapper.html"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">System recovery and snapshot management with Snapper</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#sec-snapper-setup"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">Default setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#sec-snapper-undo"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using Snapper to undo changes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#sec-snapper-snapshot-boot"><span class="title-number">10.3 </span><span class="title-name">System rollback by booting from snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#sec-snapper-homedirs"><span class="title-number">10.4 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling Snapper in user home directories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#sec-snapper-config"><span class="title-number">10.5 </span><span class="title-name">Creating and modifying Snapper configurations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#sec-snapper-manage"><span class="title-number">10.6 </span><span class="title-name">Manually creating and managing snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#sec-snapper-clean-up"><span class="title-number">10.7 </span><span class="title-name">Automatic snapshot clean-up</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#id-1.3.3.11.14"><span class="title-number">10.8 </span><span class="title-name">Showing exclusive disk space used by snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-snapper.html#sec-snapper-faqs"><span class="title-number">10.9 </span><span class="title-name">Frequently asked questions</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-klp.html"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">Live kernel patching with KLP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-klp.html#sec-klp-advantages"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Advantages of Kernel Live Patching</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-klp.html#sec-klp-overview"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel Live Patching overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-klp.html#sec-klp-enable-with-yast2"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Activating Kernel Live Patching using YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-klp.html#sec-klp-enable-cli"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Activating Kernel Live Patching from the command line</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-klp.html#sec-klp-perform"><span class="title-number">11.5 </span><span class="title-name">Performing Kernel Live Patching</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-klp.html#sec-klp-troubleshoot"><span class="title-number">11.6 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting Kernel Live Patching issues</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-ulp.html"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">User space live patching</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ulp.html#sec-ulp"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">About user space live patching</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ulp.html#sec-ulp-info"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-transactional-updates.html"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Transactional updates</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-transactional-updates.html#sec-tu-limitations"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Limitations of technology preview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-transactional-updates.html#sec-install-tu"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling <span class="package">transactional-update</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-transactional-updates.html#sec-tu-disable"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">Managing automatic updates</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-transactional-updates.html#id-1.3.3.14.6"><span class="title-number">13.4 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="command">transactional-update</code> command</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-transactional-updates.html#sec-tu-troubleshooting"><span class="title-number">13.5 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-vnc.html"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">Remote graphical sessions with VNC</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-vnc.html#sec-vnc-viewer"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="command">vncviewer</code> client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-vnc.html#vnc-remmina"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Remmina: the remote desktop client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-vnc.html#sec-vnc-one-time"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring one-time sessions on the VNC server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-vnc.html#sec-vnc-persistent"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring persistent VNC server sessions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-vnc.html#sec-vnc-encrypt"><span class="title-number">14.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring encryption on the VNC server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-vnc.html#sec-vnc-wayland"><span class="title-number">14.6 </span><span class="title-name">Compatibility with Wayland</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-net-rsync.html"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">File copying with RSync</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-net-rsync.html#sec-net-rsync-overview"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-net-rsync.html#sec-net-rsync-syntax"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Basic syntax</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-net-rsync.html#sec-net-rsync-local-copy"><span class="title-number">15.3 </span><span class="title-name">Copying files and directories locally</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-net-rsync.html#sec-net-rsync-remote-copy"><span class="title-number">15.4 </span><span class="title-name">Copying files and directories remotely</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-net-rsync.html#sec-net-rsync-server"><span class="title-number">15.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring and using an rsync server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-net-rsync.html#sec-net-rsync-summary"><span class="title-number">15.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-boot.html"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Booting a Linux system</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-boot.html"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to the boot process</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-boot.html#sec-boot-terminology"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-boot.html#sec-boot-proc"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">The Linux boot process</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-uefi.html"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface)</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-uefi.html#sec-uefi-secboot"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name">Secure boot</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-uefi.html#sec-uefi-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-grub2.html"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">The boot loader GRUB 2</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-grub2.html#sec-grub2-new-features"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Main differences between GRUB legacy and GRUB 2</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-grub2.html#sec-grub2-file-structure"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration file structure</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-grub2.html#sec-grub2-yast2-config"><span class="title-number">18.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the boot loader with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-grub2.html#sec-grub2-zseries"><span class="title-number">18.4 </span><span class="title-name">Differences in terminal usage on IBM Z</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-grub2.html#sec-grub2-commands"><span class="title-number">18.5 </span><span class="title-name">Helpful GRUB 2 commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-grub2.html#grub-rescue-target"><span class="title-number">18.6 </span><span class="title-name">Rescue mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-grub2.html#sec-grub2-info"><span class="title-number">18.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-systemd.html"><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> daemon</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-systemd.html#sec-boot-systemd-concept"><span class="title-number">19.1 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> concept</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-systemd.html#sec-boot-systemd-basics"><span class="title-number">19.2 </span><span class="title-name">Basic usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-systemd.html#sec-boot-systemd-boot"><span class="title-number">19.3 </span><span class="title-name">System start and target management</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-systemd.html#sec-boot-runlevel-edit"><span class="title-number">19.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing services with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-systemd.html#sec-boot-systemd-custom"><span class="title-number">19.5 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing <code class="systemitem">systemd</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-systemd.html#sec-boot-systemd-advanced"><span class="title-number">19.6 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-systemd.html#sec-boot-systemd-timer-units"><span class="title-number">19.7 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">systemd</code> timer units</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-systemd.html#sec-boot-systemd-info"><span class="title-number">19.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-system.html"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">System</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-64bit.html"><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">32-bit and 64-bit applications in a 64-bit system environment</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-64bit.html#sec-64bit-runt"><span class="title-number">20.1 </span><span class="title-name">Runtime support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-64bit.html#sec-64bit-kernel"><span class="title-number">20.2 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel specifications</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-journalctl.html"><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">journalctl</code>: query the <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> journal</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-journalctl.html#sec-journalctl-persistent"><span class="title-number">21.1 </span><span class="title-name">Making the journal persistent</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-journalctl.html#sec-journalctl-switches"><span class="title-number">21.2 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">journalctl</code>: useful switches</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-journalctl.html#sec-journalctl-filter"><span class="title-number">21.3 </span><span class="title-name">Filtering the journal output</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-journalctl.html#sec-journalctl-investigate"><span class="title-number">21.4 </span><span class="title-name">Investigating <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> errors</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-journalctl.html#sec-journalctl-config"><span class="title-number">21.5 </span><span class="title-name">Journald configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-journalctl.html#sec-journalctl-yast"><span class="title-number">21.6 </span><span class="title-name">Using YaST to filter the <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> journal</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-journalctl.html#sec-journalctl-gnome-logs"><span class="title-number">21.7 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing logs in GNOME</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html"><span class="title-number">22 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">update-alternatives</code>: managing multiple versions of commands and files</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html#sec-ua-concept"><span class="title-number">22.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html#sec-ua-use-cases"><span class="title-number">22.2 </span><span class="title-name">Use cases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html#sec-ua-view-all"><span class="title-number">22.3 </span><span class="title-name">Getting an overview of alternatives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html#sec-ua-view"><span class="title-number">22.4 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing details on specific alternatives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html#sec-ua-set"><span class="title-number">22.5 </span><span class="title-name">Setting the default version of alternatives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html#sec-ua-install"><span class="title-number">22.6 </span><span class="title-name">Installing custom alternatives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html#sec-ua-slave"><span class="title-number">22.7 </span><span class="title-name">Defining dependent alternatives</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-network.html"><span class="title-number">23 </span><span class="title-name">Basic networking</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-network.html#sec-network-addresses"><span class="title-number">23.1 </span><span class="title-name">IP addresses and routing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-network.html#sec-network-ipv6"><span class="title-number">23.2 </span><span class="title-name">IPv6—the next generation Internet</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-network.html#sec-network-nameres"><span class="title-number">23.3 </span><span class="title-name">Name resolution</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-network.html#sec-network-yast"><span class="title-number">23.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a network connection with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-network.html#sec-network-manconf"><span class="title-number">23.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a network connection manually</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-network.html#sec-network-router"><span class="title-number">23.6 </span><span class="title-name">Basic router setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-network.html#sec-network-iface-bonding"><span class="title-number">23.7 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up bonding devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-network.html#sec-network-iface-teaming"><span class="title-number">23.8 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up team devices for Network Teaming</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-network.html#sec-network-openvswitch"><span class="title-number">23.9 </span><span class="title-name">Software-defined networking with <span class="productname">Open vSwitch</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-print.html"><span class="title-number">24 </span><span class="title-name">Printer operation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-print.html#sec-print-workflow"><span class="title-number">24.1 </span><span class="title-name">The CUPS workflow</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-print.html#sec-print-method"><span class="title-number">24.2 </span><span class="title-name">Methods and protocols for connecting printers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-print.html#sec-print-software"><span class="title-number">24.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing the software</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-print.html#sec-print-net"><span class="title-number">24.4 </span><span class="title-name">Network printers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-print.html#sec-print-net-config-cmdl"><span class="title-number">24.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring CUPS with command line tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-print.html#sec-print-appl-commandline"><span class="title-number">24.6 </span><span class="title-name">Printing from the command line</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-print.html#sec-print-special"><span class="title-number">24.7 </span><span class="title-name">Special features in <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-print.html#sec-print-prob"><span class="title-number">24.8 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html"><span class="title-number">25 </span><span class="title-name">Graphical user interface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#sec-gui-desktop-xorg"><span class="title-number">25.1 </span><span class="title-name">X Window System</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#sec-x11-fontsys"><span class="title-number">25.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing and configuring fonts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#sec-gui-desktop-gnome"><span class="title-number">25.3 </span><span class="title-name">GNOME configuration for administrators</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#sec-gui-desktop-suse-prime"><span class="title-number">25.4 </span><span class="title-name">Switching between Intel and NVIDIA Optimus GPUs with SUSE Prime</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-fuse.html"><span class="title-number">26 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing file systems with FUSE</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-fuse.html#sec-fuse-config"><span class="title-number">26.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring FUSE</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-fuse.html#sec-fuse-ntfs"><span class="title-number">26.2 </span><span class="title-name">Mounting an NTFS partition</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-fuse.html#sec-fuse-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">26.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-multikernel.html"><span class="title-number">27 </span><span class="title-name">Installing multiple kernel versions</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-multikernel.html#sec-tuning-multikernel-enable"><span class="title-number">27.1 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling and configuring multiversion support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-multikernel.html#sec-tuning-multikernel-yast"><span class="title-number">27.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing/removing multiple kernel versions with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-multikernel.html#sec-tuning-multikernel-zypper"><span class="title-number">27.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing/removing multiple kernel versions with Zypper</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-mod.html"><span class="title-number">28 </span><span class="title-name">Managing kernel modules</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-mod.html#sec-mod-lsmod"><span class="title-number">28.1 </span><span class="title-name">Listing loaded modules with lsmod and modinfo</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-mod.html#sec-mod-modprobe"><span class="title-number">28.2 </span><span class="title-name">Adding and removing kernel modules</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-udev.html"><span class="title-number">29 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic kernel device management with <code class="systemitem">udev</code></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-devdir"><span class="title-number">29.1 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="filename">/dev</code> directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-kernel"><span class="title-number">29.2 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel <code class="systemitem">uevents</code> and <code class="systemitem">udev</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-drivers"><span class="title-number">29.3 </span><span class="title-name">Drivers, kernel modules and devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-boot"><span class="title-number">29.4 </span><span class="title-name">Booting and initial device setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-debug"><span class="title-number">29.5 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring the running <code class="systemitem">udev</code> daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-rules"><span class="title-number">29.6 </span><span class="title-name">Influencing kernel device event handling with <code class="systemitem">udev</code> rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-persdev"><span class="title-number">29.7 </span><span class="title-name">Persistent device naming</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-files"><span class="title-number">29.8 </span><span class="title-name">Files used by <code class="systemitem">udev</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-udev.html#sec-udev-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">29.9 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-suse.html"><span class="title-number">30 </span><span class="title-name">Special system features</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-suse.html#sec-suse-packages"><span class="title-number">30.1 </span><span class="title-name">Information about special software packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-suse.html#sec-suse-virt-konsolen"><span class="title-number">30.2 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual consoles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-suse.html#sec-suse-kb"><span class="title-number">30.3 </span><span class="title-name">Keyboard mapping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-suse.html#sec-suse-l10n"><span class="title-number">30.4 </span><span class="title-name">Language and country-specific settings</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-nm.html"><span class="title-number">31 </span><span class="title-name">Using NetworkManager</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nm.html#sec-nm-usecase"><span class="title-number">31.1 </span><span class="title-name">Use cases for NetworkManager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nm.html#sec-nm-activate"><span class="title-number">31.2 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling or disabling NetworkManager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nm.html#sec-nm-configure"><span class="title-number">31.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring network connections</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nm.html#sec-nm-security"><span class="title-number">31.4 </span><span class="title-name">NetworkManager and security</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nm.html#sec-nm-faq"><span class="title-number">31.5 </span><span class="title-name">Frequently asked questions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nm.html#sec-nm-trouble"><span class="title-number">31.6 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nm.html#sec-nm-more"><span class="title-number">31.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-hardware.html"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Hardware configuration</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="sec-yast-hw-keym.html"><span class="title-number">32 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up your system keyboard layout</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="sec-yast-hw-sound.html"><span class="title-number">33 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up sound cards</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="sec-yast-hw-print.html"><span class="title-number">34 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a printer</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-yast-hw-print.html#sec-yast-hw-print-local"><span class="title-number">34.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring printers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-yast-hw-print.html#sec-yast-hw-print-network"><span class="title-number">34.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring printing via the network with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-yast-hw-print.html#sec-yast-hw-print-share"><span class="title-number">34.3 </span><span class="title-name">Sharing printers over the network</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-power-mgmt.html"><span class="title-number">35 </span><span class="title-name">Power management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-power-mgmt.html#sec-power-mgmt-save"><span class="title-number">35.1 </span><span class="title-name">Power saving functions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-power-mgmt.html#sec-power-mgmt-acpi"><span class="title-number">35.2 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced configuration and power interface (ACPI)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-power-mgmt.html#sec-power-mgmt-silenthd"><span class="title-number">35.3 </span><span class="title-name">Rest for the hard disk</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-power-mgmt.html#sec-power-mgmt-faq"><span class="title-number">35.4 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-nvdimm.html"><span class="title-number">36 </span><span class="title-name">Persistent memory</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvdimm.html#sec-nvdimm-intro"><span class="title-number">36.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvdimm.html#sec-nvdimm-terms"><span class="title-number">36.2 </span><span class="title-name">Terms</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvdimm.html#sec-nvdimm-uses"><span class="title-number">36.3 </span><span class="title-name">Use cases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvdimm.html#sec-nvdimm-tools"><span class="title-number">36.4 </span><span class="title-name">Tools for managing persistent memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvdimm.html#sec-nvdimm-setup"><span class="title-number">36.5 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up persistent memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvdimm.html#sec-nvdimm-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">36.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-services.html"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Services</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-yast-serviceman.html"><span class="title-number">37 </span><span class="title-name">Service management with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-ntp.html"><span class="title-number">38 </span><span class="title-name">Time synchronization with NTP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ntp.html#sec-ntp-yast"><span class="title-number">38.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring an NTP client with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ntp.html#sec-net-xntp-netconf"><span class="title-number">38.2 </span><span class="title-name">Manually configuring NTP in the network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ntp.html#ntp-chronyc"><span class="title-number">38.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configure <code class="systemitem">chronyd</code> at runtime using <code class="command">chronyc</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ntp.html#sec-net-xntp-dynamic"><span class="title-number">38.4 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic time synchronization at runtime</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ntp.html#sec-net-xntp-normal"><span class="title-number">38.5 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a local reference clock</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ntp.html#sec-net-xntp-etr"><span class="title-number">38.6 </span><span class="title-name">Clock synchronization to an external time reference (ETR)</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-dns.html"><span class="title-number">39 </span><span class="title-name">The domain name system</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-dns.html#sec-dns-basic"><span class="title-number">39.1 </span><span class="title-name">DNS terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-dns.html#sec-dns-install"><span class="title-number">39.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-dns.html#sec-dns-yast"><span class="title-number">39.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-dns.html#sec-dns-bind"><span class="title-number">39.4 </span><span class="title-name">Starting the BIND name server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-dns.html#sec-dns-named"><span class="title-number">39.5 </span><span class="title-name">The /etc/named.conf configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-dns.html#sec-dns-zonefile"><span class="title-number">39.6 </span><span class="title-name">Zone files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-dns.html#sec-dns-dynupdate"><span class="title-number">39.7 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic update of zone data</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-dns.html#sec-dns-tsig"><span class="title-number">39.8 </span><span class="title-name">Secure transactions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-dns.html#sec-dns-dnssec"><span class="title-number">39.9 </span><span class="title-name">DNS security</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-dns.html#sec-dns-info"><span class="title-number">39.10 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-dhcp.html"><span class="title-number">40 </span><span class="title-name">DHCP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-dhcp.html#sec-dhcp-yast"><span class="title-number">40.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a DHCP server with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-dhcp.html#sec-dhcp-soft"><span class="title-number">40.2 </span><span class="title-name">DHCP software packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-dhcp.html#sec-dhcp-server"><span class="title-number">40.3 </span><span class="title-name">The DHCP server dhcpd</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-dhcp.html#sec-dhcp-addinfo"><span class="title-number">40.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-slp.html"><span class="title-number">41 </span><span class="title-name">SLP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-slp.html#sec-slp-sl-fend"><span class="title-number">41.1 </span><span class="title-name">The SLP front-end <code class="command">slptool</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-slp.html#sec-slp-sl-reg"><span class="title-number">41.2 </span><span class="title-name">Providing services via SLP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-slp.html#sec-slp-info"><span class="title-number">41.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apache2.html"><span class="title-number">42 </span><span class="title-name">The Apache HTTP server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apache2.html#sec-apache2-quickstart"><span class="title-number">42.1 </span><span class="title-name">Quick start</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apache2.html#sec-apache2-configuration"><span class="title-number">42.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring Apache</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apache2.html#sec-apache2-start-stop"><span class="title-number">42.3 </span><span class="title-name">Starting and stopping Apache</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apache2.html#sec-apache2-modules"><span class="title-number">42.4 </span><span class="title-name">Installing, activating and configuring modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apache2.html#sec-apache2-cgi"><span class="title-number">42.5 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling CGI scripts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apache2.html#sec-apache2-ssl"><span class="title-number">42.6 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a secure Web server with SSL</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apache2.html#sec-apache2-multiple-instances"><span class="title-number">42.7 </span><span class="title-name">Running multiple Apache instances on the same server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apache2.html#sec-apache2-security"><span class="title-number">42.8 </span><span class="title-name">Avoiding security problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apache2.html#sec-apache2-troubleeshooting"><span class="title-number">42.9 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apache2.html#sec-apache2-more-information"><span class="title-number">42.10 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-ftp.html"><span class="title-number">43 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an FTP server with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ftp.html#sec-ftp-start"><span class="title-number">43.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting the FTP server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ftp.html#sec-ftp-general"><span class="title-number">43.2 </span><span class="title-name">FTP general settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ftp.html#sec-ftp-performance"><span class="title-number">43.3 </span><span class="title-name">FTP performance settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ftp.html#sec-ftp-auth"><span class="title-number">43.4 </span><span class="title-name">Authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ftp.html#sec-ftp-expert"><span class="title-number">43.5 </span><span class="title-name">Expert settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ftp.html#sec-ftp-info"><span class="title-number">43.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-squid.html"><span class="title-number">44 </span><span class="title-name">Squid caching proxy server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-squid.html#sec-squid-cacheinfos"><span class="title-number">44.1 </span><span class="title-name">Some facts about proxy servers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-squid.html#sec-squid-sysneeds"><span class="title-number">44.2 </span><span class="title-name">System requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-squid.html#sec-squid-start"><span class="title-number">44.3 </span><span class="title-name">Basic usage of Squid</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-squid.html#sec-squid-yast"><span class="title-number">44.4 </span><span class="title-name">The YaST Squid module</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-squid.html#sec-squid-configfile"><span class="title-number">44.5 </span><span class="title-name">The Squid configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-squid.html#sec-squid-proxyconfigtrans"><span class="title-number">44.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a transparent proxy</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-squid.html#sec-squid-cachemgr"><span class="title-number">44.7 </span><span class="title-name">Using the Squid cache manager CGI interface (<code class="systemitem">cachemgr.cgi</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-squid.html#sec-squid-calamaris"><span class="title-number">44.8 </span><span class="title-name">Cache report generation with Calamaris</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-squid.html#sec-squid-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">44.9 </span><span class="title-name">More Information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-wbem.html"><span class="title-number">45 </span><span class="title-name">Web Based Enterprise Management using SFCB</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-wbem.html#sec-wbem-intro"><span class="title-number">45.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction and basic concept</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-wbem.html#sec-wbem-setting"><span class="title-number">45.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up SFCB</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-wbem.html#sec-wbem-config"><span class="title-number">45.3 </span><span class="title-name">SFCB CIMOM configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-wbem.html#sec-wbem-advanced"><span class="title-number">45.4 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced SFCB tasks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-wbem.html#sec-wbem-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">45.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-trouble.html"><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-adminhelp.html"><span class="title-number">46 </span><span class="title-name">Help and documentation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adminhelp.html#sec-help-onboard-docdir"><span class="title-number">46.1 </span><span class="title-name">Documentation directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adminhelp.html#sec-help-onboard-manpages"><span class="title-number">46.2 </span><span class="title-name">Man pages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adminhelp.html#sec-help-onboard-infopages"><span class="title-number">46.3 </span><span class="title-name">Info pages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adminhelp.html#sec-help-online"><span class="title-number">46.4 </span><span class="title-name">Online resources</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-adm-support.html"><span class="title-number">47 </span><span class="title-name">Gathering system information for support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#sec-admsupport-hostinfo"><span class="title-number">47.1 </span><span class="title-name">Displaying current system information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#sec-admsupport-supportconfig"><span class="title-number">47.2 </span><span class="title-name">Collecting system information with supportconfig</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#sec-admsupport-submit"><span class="title-number">47.3 </span><span class="title-name">Submitting information to Global Technical Support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#sec-admsupport-sca"><span class="title-number">47.4 </span><span class="title-name">Analyzing system information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#sec-admsupport-install"><span class="title-number">47.5 </span><span class="title-name">Gathering information during the installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#sec-admsupport-kernel"><span class="title-number">47.6 </span><span class="title-name">Support of kernel modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#sec-admsupport-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">47.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-trouble.html"><span class="title-number">48 </span><span class="title-name">Common problems and their solutions</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-trouble.html#sec-trouble-info"><span class="title-number">48.1 </span><span class="title-name">Finding and gathering information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-trouble.html#sec-trouble-boot"><span class="title-number">48.2 </span><span class="title-name">Boot problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-trouble.html#sec-trouble-login"><span class="title-number">48.3 </span><span class="title-name">Login problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-trouble.html#sec-trouble-netconfig"><span class="title-number">48.4 </span><span class="title-name">Network problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-trouble.html#sec-trouble-data"><span class="title-number">48.5 </span><span class="title-name">Data problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-trouble.html#sec-zseries-rescue"><span class="title-number">48.6 </span><span class="title-name">IBM Z: using initrd as a rescue system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-trouble.html#sec-zseries-boot-new-kernel"><span class="title-number">48.7 </span><span class="title-name">IBM Z: After a kernel update the system boots into the previous kernel</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="app-nwscheme.html"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">An example network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="bk01apb.html"><span class="title-number">B </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="bk01apb.html#id-1.3.10.4"><span class="title-number">B.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-yast-text.html#fig-yast2-ncurses"><span class="number">4.1 </span><span class="name">Main window of YaST in text mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-yast-text.html#fig-yast2-ncurses-inst"><span class="number">4.2 </span><span class="name">The software installation module</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-yast-userman.html#fig-y2-userman-main"><span class="number">6.1 </span><span class="name">YaST user and group administration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-onlineupdate-you.html#id-1.3.3.8.9.4"><span class="number">7.1 </span><span class="name">YaST online update</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-onlineupdate-you.html#id-1.3.3.8.11.3"><span class="number">7.2 </span><span class="name">Viewing retracted patches and history</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-onlineupdate-you.html#id-1.3.3.8.12.6.2.2"><span class="number">7.3 </span><span class="name">YaST online update configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#fig-y2-sw-packconfl"><span class="number">8.1 </span><span class="name">Conflict management of the software manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#fig-y2-sw-repo-new"><span class="number">8.2 </span><span class="name">Adding a software repository</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#id-1.3.3.9.9.6"><span class="number">8.3 </span><span class="name">Update notification on GNOME desktop</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-yast-software.html#id-1.3.3.9.10.6"><span class="number">8.4 </span><span class="name"><span class="guimenu">GNOME Software</span>—<span class="guimenu">Updates</span> view</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-snapper.html#fig-snapper-snapshot-boot-identify"><span class="number">10.1 </span><span class="name">Boot loader: snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#fig-vnc-viewer-connectgui"><span class="number">14.1 </span><span class="name">vncviewer</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#id-1.3.3.15.4.4.3"><span class="number">14.2 </span><span class="name">Remmina's main window</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#id-1.3.3.15.4.5.3"><span class="number">14.3 </span><span class="name">Remote desktop preference</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#id-1.3.3.15.4.6.3.3"><span class="number">14.4 </span><span class="name">Quick-starting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#id-1.3.3.15.4.6.5.3"><span class="number">14.5 </span><span class="name">Remmina viewing remote session</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#id-1.3.3.15.4.8.5"><span class="number">14.6 </span><span class="name">Reading path to the profile file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#id-1.3.3.15.5.4"><span class="number">14.7 </span><span class="name">Remote administration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#id-1.3.3.15.6.4.4.3"><span class="number">14.8 </span><span class="name">VNC session settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vnc.html#id-1.3.3.15.6.4.5.3"><span class="number">14.9 </span><span class="name">Joining a persistent VNC session</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-uefi.html#id-1.3.4.3.8.7.3.3"><span class="number">17.1 </span><span class="name">Secure boot support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-uefi.html#fig-uefi-secure-boot-mok2"><span class="number">17.2 </span><span class="name">UEFI: secure boot process</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-grub2.html#fig-grub2-boot-editor"><span class="number">18.1 </span><span class="name">GRUB 2 boot editor</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-grub2.html#fig-grub2-yast-boot-code-options0"><span class="number">18.2 </span><span class="name">Boot code options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-grub2.html#fig-grub2-yast-bootloader-options"><span class="number">18.3 </span><span class="name">Boot loader options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-grub2.html#fig-grub2-yast-kernel-parameters"><span class="number">18.4 </span><span class="name">Kernel parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-systemd.html#fig-yast2-runlevel"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">Services Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-journalctl.html#fig-journalctl-yast"><span class="number">21.1 </span><span class="name">YaST systemd journal</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-network.html#fig-net-basic-OSI"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Simplified layer model for TCP/IP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-network.html#fig-net-basic-TCPPaket"><span class="number">23.2 </span><span class="name">TCP/IP Ethernet packet</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-network.html#fig-yast2-neticard"><span class="number">23.3 </span><span class="name">Configuring network settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-network.html#wicked-architecture"><span class="number">23.4 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">wicked</code> architecture</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-tuning-multikernel.html#id-1.3.5.9.6.3.2.2"><span class="number">27.1 </span><span class="name">The YaST software manager: multiversion view</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-nm.html#id-1.3.5.13.8.6"><span class="number">31.1 </span><span class="name">GNOME Network Connections dialog</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-nm.html#id-1.3.5.13.9.8.2"><span class="number">31.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">firewalld</code> zones in NetworkManager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-yast-serviceman.html#fig-yast-serviceman"><span class="number">37.1 </span><span class="name">YaST service manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-ntp.html#id-1.3.7.3.6.4"><span class="number">38.1 </span><span class="name">NTP configuration window</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-ntp.html#id-1.3.7.3.6.7.4"><span class="number">38.2 </span><span class="name">Adding a time server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dns.html#fig-yast2-dnsinst-forwarders"><span class="number">39.1 </span><span class="name">DNS server installation: forwarder settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dns.html#fig-yast2-dnsinst-zones"><span class="number">39.2 </span><span class="name">DNS server installation: DNS zones</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dns.html#fig-yast2-dnsinst-finish"><span class="number">39.3 </span><span class="name">DNS server installation: finish wizard</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dns.html#fig-yast2-dns-logging"><span class="number">39.4 </span><span class="name">DNS server: logging</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dns.html#fig-yast2-dns-ddns"><span class="number">39.5 </span><span class="name">DNS server: Zone Editor (Basics)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dns.html#fig-yast2-dns-nsrec"><span class="number">39.6 </span><span class="name">DNS server: Zone Editor (NS Records)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dns.html#fig-yast2-dns-mxrec"><span class="number">39.7 </span><span class="name">DNS server: Zone Editor (MX Records)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dns.html#fig-yast2-dns-soa"><span class="number">39.8 </span><span class="name">DNS server: Zone Editor (SOA)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dns.html#id-1.3.7.4.5.4.11.7.3.3.2"><span class="number">39.9 </span><span class="name">Adding a record for a primary zone</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dns.html#id-1.3.7.4.5.4.11.7.3.4.2"><span class="number">39.10 </span><span class="name">Adding a reverse zone</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dns.html#id-1.3.7.4.5.4.11.7.3.5.2"><span class="number">39.11 </span><span class="name">Adding a reverse record</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dhcp.html#fig-yast2-dhcp-wiz1"><span class="number">40.1 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: card selection</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dhcp.html#fig-yast2-dhcp-wiz2"><span class="number">40.2 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: global settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dhcp.html#fig-yast2-dhcp-wiz3"><span class="number">40.3 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: dynamic DHCP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dhcp.html#fig-yast2-dhcp-start"><span class="number">40.4 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: start-up</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dhcp.html#fig-yast2-dhcp-statdhcp"><span class="number">40.5 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: host management</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dhcp.html#fig-yast2-dhcp-chroot"><span class="number">40.6 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: chroot jail and declarations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dhcp.html#fig-yast2-dhcp-newdec"><span class="number">40.7 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: selecting a declaration type</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dhcp.html#fig-yast2-dhcp-sub"><span class="number">40.8 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: configuring subnets</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dhcp.html#fig-yast2-dhcp-tsig"><span class="number">40.9 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: TSIG configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dhcp.html#fig-yast2-dhcp-dyndns"><span class="number">40.10 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: interface configuration for dynamic DNS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-dhcp.html#fig-yast2-dhcp-fire"><span class="number">40.11 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: network interface and firewall</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-apache2.html#fig-apache2-configuration-yast-host"><span class="number">42.1 </span><span class="name">HTTP server wizard: default host</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-apache2.html#fig-apache2-configuration-yast-summary"><span class="number">42.2 </span><span class="name">HTTP server wizard: summary</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-apache2.html#fig-apache2-configuration-yast-server-configuration-listen"><span class="number">42.3 </span><span class="name">HTTP server configuration: listen ports and addresses</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-apache2.html#fig-apache2-configuration-yast-server-configuration-modules"><span class="number">42.4 </span><span class="name">HTTP server configuration: server modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-ftp.html#fig-yast2-ftp-start-up"><span class="number">43.1 </span><span class="name">FTP server configuration — start-up</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#fig-scatool-html"><span class="number">47.1 </span><span class="name">HTML report generated by SCA tool</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#fig-sca-appl-html"><span class="number">47.2 </span><span class="name">HTML report generated by SCA appliance</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#tab-adm-shell-config-loginshells"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Bash configuration files for login shells</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#tab-adm-shell-configs-nonloginshells"><span class="number">1.2 </span><span class="name">Bash configuration files for non-login shells</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#id-1.3.3.2.3.3.10"><span class="number">1.3 </span><span class="name">Special files for Bash</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#id-1.3.3.2.3.4.4"><span class="number">1.4 </span><span class="name">Overview of a standard directory tree</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#tab-adm-envars"><span class="number">1.5 </span><span class="name">Useful environment variables</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-sw-cl.html#tab-rpm-query"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Essential RPM query options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-sw-cl.html#tab-rpm-verify"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name">RPM verify options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-systemd.html#id-1.3.4.5.6.6.9"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">Service management commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-systemd.html#id-1.3.4.5.6.7.3.4"><span class="number">19.2 </span><span class="name">Commands for enabling and disabling services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-systemd.html#id-1.3.4.5.7.3.9"><span class="number">19.3 </span><span class="name">System V runlevels and <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> target units</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-network.html#tab-net-basic-privat-net"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Private IP address domains</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-network.html#tab-net-param-hostconf"><span class="number">23.2 </span><span class="name">Parameters for /etc/host.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-network.html#tab-net-nnswitch-db"><span class="number">23.3 </span><span class="name">Databases available via /etc/nsswitch.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-network.html#tab-net-nnswitch-conf"><span class="number">23.4 </span><span class="name">Configuration options for NSS <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">databases</span>”</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-network.html#tab-team-comparison"><span class="number">23.5 </span><span class="name">Feature comparison between bonding and team</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#tab-x11-fontsys-example-alias"><span class="number">25.1 </span><span class="name">Generating PFL from fontconfig rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#tab-x11-fontsys-example-alias2"><span class="number">25.2 </span><span class="name">Results from generating PFL from fontconfig rules with changed order</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#tab-x11-fontsys-example-alias3"><span class="number">25.3 </span><span class="name">Results from generating PFL from fontconfig rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-suse.html#tab-suse-packages-ulimit"><span class="number">30.1 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">ulimit</code>: Setting resources for the user</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-wbem.html#tab-wbem-setting-daemon-1"><span class="number">45.1 </span><span class="name">Commands for managing sfcbd</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-adminhelp.html#tab-help-mancategory"><span class="number">46.1 </span><span class="name">Man pages—categories and descriptions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#tab-admsupport-features-and-filenames"><span class="number">47.1 </span><span class="name">Comparison of features and file names in the TAR archive</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-trouble.html#tab-trouble-info"><span class="number">48.1 </span><span class="name">Log files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-trouble.html#tab-trouble-system"><span class="number">48.2 </span><span class="name">System information with the <code class="filename">/proc</code> file system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-trouble.html#tab-trouble-sysfs"><span class="number">48.3 </span><span class="name">System information with the <code class="filename">/sys</code> file system</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-adm-shell.html#id-1.3.3.2.4.3"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">A shell script printing a text</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-sw-cl.html#ex-zypper-repos"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Zypper—list of known repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-sw-cl.html#aus-update-rpm-i"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">rpm -q -i wget</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-sw-cl.html#dat-rpm-search"><span class="number">9.3 </span><span class="name">Script to search for packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-snapper.html#ex-snapper-config-timeline"><span class="number">10.1 </span><span class="name">Example timeline configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-grub2.html#id-1.3.4.4.7.2.1.2.2"><span class="number">18.1 </span><span class="name">Usage of grub2-mkconfig</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-grub2.html#id-1.3.4.4.7.2.2.2.2"><span class="number">18.2 </span><span class="name">Usage of grub2-mkrescue</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-grub2.html#id-1.3.4.4.7.2.3.2.2"><span class="number">18.3 </span><span class="name">Usage of grub2-script-check</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-grub2.html#id-1.3.4.4.7.2.4.2.2"><span class="number">18.4 </span><span class="name">Usage of grub2-once</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-systemd.html#id-1.3.4.5.7.4.3.3"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">List active services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-systemd.html#id-1.3.4.5.7.4.3.5"><span class="number">19.2 </span><span class="name">List failed services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-systemd.html#id-1.3.4.5.10.8.5"><span class="number">19.3 </span><span class="name">List all processes belonging to a service</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-update-alternative.html#id-1.3.5.4.3.9"><span class="number">22.1 </span><span class="name">Alternatives System of the <code class="command">java</code> command</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#aus-net-basic-ipaddress"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Writing IP addresses</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#tab-net-basic-netmask"><span class="number">23.2 </span><span class="name">Linking IP addresses to the netmask</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#aus-net-ipv6-add"><span class="number">23.3 </span><span class="name">Sample IPv6 address</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#aus-net-ipv6-addpre"><span class="number">23.4 </span><span class="name">IPv6 address specifying the prefix length</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#id-1.3.5.5.17.5.10.9"><span class="number">23.5 </span><span class="name">Common network interfaces and some static routes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#dat-net-etc-resolv-conf"><span class="number">23.6 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/var/run/netconfig/resolv.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#dat-net-etc-hosts"><span class="number">23.7 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/etc/hosts</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#dat-net-networks"><span class="number">23.8 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/etc/networks</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#dat-net-etc-hostconf"><span class="number">23.9 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/etc/host.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#dat-net-nsswitchconf"><span class="number">23.10 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/etc/nsswitch.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#ex-basicnet-manconf-ping"><span class="number">23.11 </span><span class="name">Output of the command ping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#ex-team-lb"><span class="number">23.12 </span><span class="name">Configuration for load balancing with Network Teaming</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-network.html#ex-team-failover"><span class="number">23.13 </span><span class="name">Configuration for DHCP Network Teaming device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-print.html#aus-d-lpd"><span class="number">24.1 </span><span class="name">Error message from <code class="command">lpd</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-print.html#aus-d-bcast"><span class="number">24.2 </span><span class="name">Broadcast from the CUPS network server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#ex-x11-fontsys-fontconfig-rendering-algorithms"><span class="number">25.1 </span><span class="name">Specifying rendering algorithms</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#ex-x11-fontsys-fontconfig-aliases1"><span class="number">25.2 </span><span class="name">Aliases and family name substitutions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#ex-x11-fontsys-fontconfig-aliases2"><span class="number">25.3 </span><span class="name">Aliases and family name substitutions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-gui-desktop.html#ex-x11-fontsys-fontconfig-aliases3"><span class="number">25.4 </span><span class="name">Aliases and family names substitutions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-udev.html#ex-rules"><span class="number">29.1 </span><span class="name">Example <code class="systemitem">udev</code> rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-suse.html#ex-suse-packages-cron"><span class="number">30.1 </span><span class="name">Entry in /etc/crontab</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-suse.html#ex-suse-packages-cron-time"><span class="number">30.2 </span><span class="name">/etc/crontab: remove time stamp files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-suse.html#ex-u-ulimit-bashrc"><span class="number">30.3 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">ulimit</code>: Settings in <code class="filename">~/.bashrc</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-dns.html#ex-forward"><span class="number">39.1 </span><span class="name">Forwarding options in named.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-dns.html#ex-named-mini"><span class="number">39.2 </span><span class="name">A basic /etc/named.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-dns.html#ex-no-log"><span class="number">39.3 </span><span class="name">Entry to disable logging</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-dns.html#ex-meine-domain"><span class="number">39.4 </span><span class="name">Zone entry for example.com</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-dns.html#ex-andere-domain"><span class="number">39.5 </span><span class="name">Zone entry for example.net</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-dns.html#ex-welt-zone"><span class="number">39.6 </span><span class="name">The /var/lib/named/example.com.zone file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-dns.html#dat-arpa"><span class="number">39.7 </span><span class="name">Reverse lookup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-dhcp.html#dat-dhcp-conf"><span class="number">40.1 </span><span class="name">The configuration file /etc/dhcpd.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-dhcp.html#dat-dhcp-conf-add"><span class="number">40.2 </span><span class="name">Additions to the configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-apache2.html#ex-apache2-virtual-hosts-name-based"><span class="number">42.1 </span><span class="name">Basic examples of name-based <code class="systemitem">VirtualHost</code> entries</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-apache2.html#ex-apache-directives-virtualhost-name-based"><span class="number">42.2 </span><span class="name">Name-based <code class="systemitem">VirtualHost</code> directives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-apache2.html#ex-apache-directives-virtualhost-ip-based"><span class="number">42.3 </span><span class="name">IP-based <code class="systemitem">VirtualHost</code> directives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-apache2.html#ex-apache-directives-virtualhost-basic-configuration"><span class="number">42.4 </span><span class="name">Basic <code class="systemitem">VirtualHost</code> configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-apache2.html#ex-apache2-cgi-configuration"><span class="number">42.5 </span><span class="name">VirtualHost CGI configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-squid.html#ex-squidclient-request"><span class="number">44.1 </span><span class="name">A request with <code class="command">squidclient</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-squid.html#ex-squid-school"><span class="number">44.2 </span><span class="name">Defining ACL rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-adm-support.html#ex-support-hostinfo"><span class="number">47.1 </span><span class="name">Output of <code class="command">hostinfo</code> when logging in as <code class="systemitem">root</code></span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.3.1.5"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-amd-sev/article-amd-sev.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-amd-sev/article-amd-sev.html
index 0cef8e8e93..89124cfa6b 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-amd-sev/article-amd-sev.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-amd-sev/article-amd-sev.html
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
 });
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_amd-sev.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">AMD Secure Encrypted Virtualization (AMD-SEV) Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">AMD Secure Encrypted Virtualization (AMD-SEV) Guide</div> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="article" id="article-amd-sev" data-id-title="AMD Secure Encrypted Virtualization (AMD-SEV) Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div><h1 class="title">AMD Secure Encrypted Virtualization (AMD-SEV) Guide</h1></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>
-    January 06, 2025
+    January 07, 2025
 
    </div><div><div class="abstract"><p>
         AMD's Secure Encrypted Virtualization (SEV) allows the memory of
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-amd-sev/index.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-amd-sev/index.html
index 0cef8e8e93..89124cfa6b 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-amd-sev/index.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-amd-sev/index.html
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
 });
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_amd-sev.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">AMD Secure Encrypted Virtualization (AMD-SEV) Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">AMD Secure Encrypted Virtualization (AMD-SEV) Guide</div> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="article" id="article-amd-sev" data-id-title="AMD Secure Encrypted Virtualization (AMD-SEV) Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div><h1 class="title">AMD Secure Encrypted Virtualization (AMD-SEV) Guide</h1></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>
-    January 06, 2025
+    January 07, 2025
 
    </div><div><div class="abstract"><p>
         AMD's Secure Encrypted Virtualization (SEV) allows the memory of
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-autoyast/book-autoyast.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-autoyast/book-autoyast.html
index ddfb1d65df..1b7a4e7114 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-autoyast/book-autoyast.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-autoyast/book-autoyast.html
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@
      of <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span> systems. It uses an AutoYaST profile that contains installation
      and configuration data. The book guides you through the basic steps of
      auto-installation: preparation, installation, and configuration.
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-autoyast.html" target="_blank">Revision History: AutoYaST Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-autoyast.html" target="_blank">Revision History: AutoYaST Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="ay-preface.html"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="ay-preface.html#id-1.7.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="ay-preface.html#id-1.7.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="ay-preface.html#id-1.7.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="ay-preface.html#id-1.7.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-intro-to-autoyast.html"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to AutoYaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-intro-to-autoyast.html#motiv"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Motivation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-intro-to-autoyast.html#overviewandconcept"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Overview and concept</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-control.html"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Understanding and creating the AutoYaST control file</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-autoyast-control-file.html"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">The AutoYaST control file</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-autoyast-control-file.html#Profile-Intro"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-autoyast-control-file.html#Profile-Format"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Format</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-autoyast-control-file.html#Profile-Structure"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Structure</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-autoyast-create-control-file.html"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Creating an AutoYaST control file</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-autoyast-create-control-file.html#Autoinstallation-collectInfo"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Collecting information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-autoyast-create-control-file.html#CreateProfile-CMS"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using the configuration management system (CMS)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-autoyast-create-control-file.html#CreateProfile-Manual"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Creating/editing a control file manually</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-autoyast-create-control-file.html#CreateProfile-XSLT"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a control file via script with XSLT</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-autoyast-create-control-file.html#check-profile"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">Checking a control file</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-configuration.html"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">AutoYaST configuration examples</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration and installation options</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-General"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">General options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-Reporting"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Reporting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-Register"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">System registration and extension selection</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-Bootloader"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">The boot loader</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-Partitioning"><span class="title-number">4.5 </span><span class="title-name">Partitioning</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-Iscsi-client"><span class="title-number">4.6 </span><span class="title-name">iSCSI initiator overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-fcoe-client"><span class="title-number">4.7 </span><span class="title-name">Fibre channel over Ethernet configuration (FCoE)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-Country"><span class="title-number">4.8 </span><span class="title-name">Country settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-Software"><span class="title-number">4.9 </span><span class="title-name">Software</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-upgrade"><span class="title-number">4.10 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrade</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-Services"><span class="title-number">4.11 </span><span class="title-name">Services and targets</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-Network"><span class="title-number">4.12 </span><span class="title-name">Network configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#Configuration-Network-Proxy"><span class="title-number">4.13 </span><span class="title-name">Proxy</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#Configuration-Network-NIS"><span class="title-number">4.14 </span><span class="title-name">NIS client and server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#Configuration-Network-NIS-Server"><span class="title-number">4.15 </span><span class="title-name">NIS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#Configuration-Network-Host"><span class="title-number">4.16 </span><span class="title-name">Hosts definition</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#Configuration-Network-Samba-client"><span class="title-number">4.17 </span><span class="title-name">Windows domain membership</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#Configuration-Network-Samba-server"><span class="title-number">4.18 </span><span class="title-name">Samba server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#Configuration-Network-Auth"><span class="title-number">4.19 </span><span class="title-name">Authentication client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#ay-nfs"><span class="title-number">4.20 </span><span class="title-name">NFS client and server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#Configuration-Network-Ntp"><span class="title-number">4.21 </span><span class="title-name">NTP client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#Configuration-Network-Sendmail"><span class="title-number">4.22 </span><span class="title-name">Mail server configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#Configuration-Network-apache"><span class="title-number">4.23 </span><span class="title-name">Apache HTTP server configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#Configuration-Network-Squid"><span class="title-number">4.24 </span><span class="title-name">Squid server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#Configuration-Network-Ftp"><span class="title-number">4.25 </span><span class="title-name">FTP server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#Configuration-Network-Tftp"><span class="title-number">4.26 </span><span class="title-name">TFTP server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-Firstboot"><span class="title-number">4.27 </span><span class="title-name">Firstboot workflow</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-Security"><span class="title-number">4.28 </span><span class="title-name">Security settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-Security-laf"><span class="title-number">4.29 </span><span class="title-name">Linux audit framework (LAF)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#Configuration-Security-users-and-groups"><span class="title-number">4.30 </span><span class="title-name">Users and groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#createprofile-scripts"><span class="title-number">4.31 </span><span class="title-name">Custom user scripts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#createprofile-sysconfig"><span class="title-number">4.32 </span><span class="title-name">System variables (sysconfig)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#createprofile-completeconf"><span class="title-number">4.33 </span><span class="title-name">Adding complete configurations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-Ask"><span class="title-number">4.34 </span><span class="title-name">Ask the user for values during installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-kdump"><span class="title-number">4.35 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel dumps</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-dns-server"><span class="title-number">4.36 </span><span class="title-name">DNS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-dhcp-server"><span class="title-number">4.37 </span><span class="title-name">DHCP server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-firewall"><span class="title-number">4.38 </span><span class="title-name">Firewall configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-Hardware"><span class="title-number">4.39 </span><span class="title-name">Miscellaneous hardware and system components</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-SSHKeysAndConfig"><span class="title-number">4.40 </span><span class="title-name">Importing SSH keys and configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-ConfigurationManagement"><span class="title-number">4.41 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration management</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-dynamic-profiles.html"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Managing mass installations with dynamic profiles</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="dynamic-profiles.html"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Supported approaches to dynamic profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="rulesandclass.html"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Rules and classes</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="rulesandclass.html#rules"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Rule-based automatic installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="rulesandclass.html#classes"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Classes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="rulesandclass.html#mixinfrulesclasses"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Mixing rules and classes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="rulesandclass.html#merging"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">Merging of rules and classes</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="erb-templates.html"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">ERB templates</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="erb-templates.html#erb"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">What is ERB?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="erb-templates.html#erb-helpers"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Template helpers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="erb-templates.html#erb-running-helpers"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Running ERB helpers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="erb-templates.html#erb-rendering-profile"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Rendering ERB profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="erb-templates.html#erb-debugging-erb"><span class="title-number">7.5 </span><span class="title-name">Debugging ERB profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="erb-templates.html#erb-comparison"><span class="title-number">7.6 </span><span class="title-name">ERB compared to rules and classes</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="pre-scripts.html"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Combining ERB templates and scripts</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="pre-scripts.html#erb-and-scripts"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Embedding ERB in your scripts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="pre-scripts.html#erb-helpers-in-scripts"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing ERB helpers from Ruby scripts</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="bk05pt04.html"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Understanding the auto-installation process</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="Invoking.html"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">The auto-installation process</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="Invoking.html#Installation-process"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="Invoking.html#bootmedium"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Choosing the right boot medium</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="Invoking.html#invoking-autoinst"><span class="title-number">9.3 </span><span class="title-name">Invoking the auto-installation process</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="Invoking.html#System-Configuration"><span class="title-number">9.4 </span><span class="title-name">System configuration</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="bk05pt05.html"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Uses for AutoYaST on installed systems</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="InstalledSystem.html"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Running AutoYaST in an installed system</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="bk05pt06.html"><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">Appendixes</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="appendix"><a href="handlingrules.html"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">Handling rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="app-ay-faq.html"><span class="title-number">B </span><span class="title-name">AutoYaST FAQ—frequently asked questions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="appendix-linuxrc.html"><span class="title-number">C </span><span class="title-name">Advanced <code class="command">linuxrc</code> options</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix-linuxrc.html#ay-cmd-parameters"><span class="title-number">C.1 </span><span class="title-name">Passing parameters to <code class="command">linuxrc</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix-linuxrc.html#info-file-format"><span class="title-number">C.2 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="filename">info</code> file format</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix-linuxrc.html#ay-adv-network"><span class="title-number">C.3 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced network setup</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html"><span class="title-number">D </span><span class="title-name">Differences between AutoYaST profiles in SLE 12 and 15</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#sec-ay-12vs15-product-selection"><span class="title-number">D.1 </span><span class="title-name">Product selection</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#sec-ay-12vs15-software"><span class="title-number">D.2 </span><span class="title-name">Software</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#sec-ay-12vs15-registration"><span class="title-number">D.3 </span><span class="title-name">Registration of module and extension dependencies</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#sec-ay-12vs15-partitioning"><span class="title-number">D.4 </span><span class="title-name">Partitioning</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#sec-ay-12vs15-firewall"><span class="title-number">D.5 </span><span class="title-name">Firewall configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#sec-ay-12vs15-ntp"><span class="title-number">D.6 </span><span class="title-name">NTP configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#sec-ay-12vs15-2nd-stage"><span class="title-number">D.7 </span><span class="title-name">AutoYaST packages are needed for the second stage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#sec-ay-12vs15-ca"><span class="title-number">D.8 </span><span class="title-name">The CA management module has been dropped</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#sec-ay-12vs15-upgrade"><span class="title-number">D.9 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrade</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="bk05pt06ape.html"><span class="title-number">E </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="bk05pt06ape.html#id-1.7.9.6.4"><span class="title-number">E.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-autoyast-create-control-file.html#id-1.7.4.3.4.4"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">Configuration system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#partitioning-keep1"><span class="number">4.1 </span><span class="name">Keeping partitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="rulesandclass.html#rules-fig1"><span class="number">6.1 </span><span class="name">Rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="rulesandclass.html#id-1.7.6.3.7.9"><span class="number">6.2 </span><span class="name">Defining classes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="handlingrules.html#rulesflow"><span class="number">A.1 </span><span class="name">Rules retrieval process</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="rulesandclass.html#id-1.7.6.3.6.18.4"><span class="number">6.1 </span><span class="name">System attributes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="appendix-linuxrc.html#id-1.7.9.4.9.7"><span class="number">C.1 </span><span class="name">Advanced <code class="command">linuxrc</code> keywords</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#id-1.7.9.5.7.4"><span class="number">D.1 </span><span class="name">AutoYaST firewall configuration in SLE 15: backward compatibility</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#id-1.7.9.5.7.8.3"><span class="number">D.2 </span><span class="name">Mapping of SuSEfirewall2 and <code class="systemitem">firewalld</code> zones</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-autoyast-control-file.html#id-1.7.4.2.4.5"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">AutoYaST control file (profile)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-autoyast-control-file.html#id-1.7.4.2.5.3"><span class="number">2.2 </span><span class="name">Control file container</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-autoyast-control-file.html#id-1.7.4.2.5.6.4"><span class="number">2.3 </span><span class="name">Nested resources</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-autoyast-control-file.html#id-1.7.4.2.5.7.4"><span class="number">2.4 </span><span class="name">An empty map</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-autoyast-create-control-file.html#id-1.7.4.3.6.4"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">Example file for replacing the host name/domain by script</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#ex-general-common"><span class="number">4.1 </span><span class="name">General options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.7.5"><span class="number">4.2 </span><span class="name">Reporting behavior</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#example-lvm-guided"><span class="number">4.3 </span><span class="name">LVM-based guided partitioning</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#example-partitioning"><span class="number">4.4 </span><span class="name">Creating <code class="literal">/</code>, <code class="literal">/home</code> and <code class="literal">swap</code> partitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.10.8.10.4"><span class="number">4.5 </span><span class="name">Using a whole disk as a file system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.10.8.11.3"><span class="number">4.6 </span><span class="name">Automated partitioning on selected drives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.10.8.11.5"><span class="number">4.7 </span><span class="name">Installing on multiple drives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.10.9.4.7"><span class="number">4.8 </span><span class="name">Mount options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.10.9.5.5"><span class="number">4.9 </span><span class="name">Keeping partitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.10.9.5.9"><span class="number">4.10 </span><span class="name">Auto-detection of partitions to be kept.</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.10.10.3"><span class="number">4.11 </span><span class="name">Create LVM physical volume</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.10.10.4"><span class="number">4.12 </span><span class="name">LVM logical volumes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.10.11.9"><span class="number">4.13 </span><span class="name">RAID10 configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.10.11.11"><span class="number">4.14 </span><span class="name">RAID10 without partitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.10.11.12.6"><span class="number">4.15 </span><span class="name">Old style RAID10 configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#multipath-example"><span class="number">4.16 </span><span class="name">Using multipath devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#multipath-ll-output"><span class="number">4.17 </span><span class="name">Listing multipath devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#multipath-wwid-example"><span class="number">4.18 </span><span class="name">Using the WWID to identify a multipath device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.10.13.6"><span class="number">4.19 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">bcache</code> definition</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.10.14.6"><span class="number">4.20 </span><span class="name">Multi-device Btrfs configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.10.15.4"><span class="number">4.21 </span><span class="name">NFS share definition</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.10.16.3"><span class="number">4.22 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">tmpfs</code> definition</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.11.4"><span class="number">4.23 </span><span class="name">iSCSI client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.12.4"><span class="number">4.24 </span><span class="name">FCoE configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.13.4"><span class="number">4.25 </span><span class="name">Language</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.13.8"><span class="number">4.26 </span><span class="name">Time zone</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.13.10"><span class="number">4.27 </span><span class="name">Keyboard</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.14.4.5"><span class="number">4.28 </span><span class="name">Explicit product selection</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.14.5.3"><span class="number">4.29 </span><span class="name">Package selection in the control file with patterns and packages sections</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#ay-packages-selection-using-a-regexp"><span class="number">4.30 </span><span class="name">Packages selection using a regular expression</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.14.6.5"><span class="number">4.31 </span><span class="name">Creating a package database with the additional package inst-source-utils.rpm</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.14.6.10"><span class="number">4.32 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">add_on_products.xml</code>
      </span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.14.6.15"><span class="number">4.33 </span><span class="name">Adding the SDK extension and a user defined repository</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.14.7.4"><span class="number">4.34 </span><span class="name">Kernel selection in the control file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.14.8.4"><span class="number">4.35 </span><span class="name">Package selection in control file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.15.6"><span class="number">4.36 </span><span class="name">Upgrade and backup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.16.8"><span class="number">4.37 </span><span class="name">Configuring services and targets</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#ex-ay-network-config-general"><span class="number">4.38 </span><span class="name">Network configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#ex-ay-network-config-bond"><span class="number">4.39 </span><span class="name">Bonding interface configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#ex-ay-network-config-bridge"><span class="number">4.40 </span><span class="name">Bridge interface configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#ex-ay-network-config-aliases"><span class="number">4.41 </span><span class="name">Multiple IP Addresses</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.17.7.5"><span class="number">4.42 </span><span class="name">Assigning a persistent name using the MAC address</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#ex-ay-network-routing"><span class="number">4.43 </span><span class="name">Network routing configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.18.5"><span class="number">4.44 </span><span class="name">Network configuration: proxy</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.19.4"><span class="number">4.45 </span><span class="name">Network configuration: NIS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.20.4"><span class="number">4.46 </span><span class="name">NIS server configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.21.4"><span class="number">4.47 </span><span class="name">/etc/hosts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.22.4"><span class="number">4.48 </span><span class="name">Samba client configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.23.4"><span class="number">4.49 </span><span class="name">Samba server configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.25.6"><span class="number">4.50 </span><span class="name">Network configuration: NFS client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.25.7"><span class="number">4.51 </span><span class="name">Network configuration: NFS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.26.5"><span class="number">4.52 </span><span class="name">Network configuration: NTP client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.27.4"><span class="number">4.53 </span><span class="name">Mail configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.28.5"><span class="number">4.54 </span><span class="name">HTTP server configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.29.4"><span class="number">4.55 </span><span class="name">Squid server configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.30.4"><span class="number">4.56 </span><span class="name">FTP server configuration:</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.31.6"><span class="number">4.57 </span><span class="name">TFTP server configuration:</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.32.4"><span class="number">4.58 </span><span class="name">Enabling firstboot workflow</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.33.5"><span class="number">4.59 </span><span class="name">Security configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.33.11.7"><span class="number">4.60 </span><span class="name">Select the <span class="orgname">Defense Information Systems Agency</span> Security Technical Implementation Guide</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.34.4"><span class="number">4.61 </span><span class="name">LAF configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.35.3.3"><span class="number">4.62 </span><span class="name">Minimal user configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.35.3.5"><span class="number">4.63 </span><span class="name">Complex user configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.35.5.3"><span class="number">4.64 </span><span class="name">Group configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.35.6.3"><span class="number">4.65 </span><span class="name">Enabling autologin and password-less login</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.36.13.2"><span class="number">4.66 </span><span class="name">Script configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.37.5"><span class="number">4.67 </span><span class="name">Sysconfig configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.38.9"><span class="number">4.68 </span><span class="name">Dumping files into the installed system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.38.11"><span class="number">4.69 </span><span class="name">Dumping files into the installed system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.40.8"><span class="number">4.70 </span><span class="name">Kdump configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.40.10"><span class="number">4.71 </span><span class="name">Disabled Kdump configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.40.11.8"><span class="number">4.72 </span><span class="name">Kdump memory reservation with multiple values</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.41.5"><span class="number">4.73 </span><span class="name">Basic DNS server settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.41.8"><span class="number">4.74 </span><span class="name">Configuring DNS server zones and advanced settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.42.5"><span class="number">4.75 </span><span class="name">Example dhcp-server section</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.43.8.3"><span class="number">4.76 </span><span class="name">Example firewall section</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#printer-conf"><span class="number">4.77 </span><span class="name">Printer configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.44.6.3"><span class="number">4.78 </span><span class="name">Sound configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#import-ssh"><span class="number">4.79 </span><span class="name">Importing SSH keys and configuration from /dev/sda2</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#configuration-management-manual-authentication"><span class="number">4.80 </span><span class="name">Client/server with manual authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#configuration-management-preseed-keys"><span class="number">4.81 </span><span class="name">Client/server with preseed keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#configuration-management-masterless"><span class="number">4.82 </span><span class="name">Stand-alone mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="rulesandclass.html#id-1.7.6.3.6.13.2"><span class="number">6.1 </span><span class="name">Simple rules file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="rulesandclass.html#id-1.7.6.3.6.13.7"><span class="number">6.2 </span><span class="name">Simple rules file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="erb-templates.html#simple-erb"><span class="number">7.1 </span><span class="name">Including a file using ERB</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="erb-templates.html#id-1.7.6.4.5.6"><span class="number">7.2 </span><span class="name">Running commands with Ruby</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="erb-templates.html#id-1.7.6.4.5.8"><span class="number">7.3 </span><span class="name">Using Ruby structures</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="erb-templates.html#id-1.7.6.4.6.3.3"><span class="number">7.4 </span><span class="name">Configuring the boot loader</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="erb-templates.html#id-1.7.6.4.6.4.5"><span class="number">7.5 </span><span class="name">Using the largest disk</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="erb-templates.html#id-1.7.6.4.6.5.5"><span class="number">7.6 </span><span class="name">Configure the connected network cards</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="erb-templates.html#id-1.7.6.4.6.6.5"><span class="number">7.7 </span><span class="name">Reusing the same profile for different distributions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="erb-templates.html#id-1.7.6.4.6.7.3"><span class="number">7.8 </span><span class="name">Filtering USB devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="erb-templates.html#id-1.7.6.4.7.3"><span class="number">7.9 </span><span class="name">Running helpers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="erb-templates.html#id-1.7.6.4.8.3"><span class="number">7.10 </span><span class="name">Rendering profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="erb-templates.html#id-1.7.6.4.9.3"><span class="number">7.11 </span><span class="name">Preparing the debug environment</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="erb-templates.html#id-1.7.6.4.9.5"><span class="number">7.12 </span><span class="name">Adding a breakpoint</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="erb-templates.html#id-1.7.6.4.10.3"><span class="number">7.13 </span><span class="name">Rules and classes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="erb-templates.html#id-1.7.6.4.10.4"><span class="number">7.14 </span><span class="name">ERB</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="pre-scripts.html#combining-erb-and-scripts"><span class="number">8.1 </span><span class="name">Using the MAC address to get the profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="pre-scripts.html#ruby-script-erb-helpers"><span class="number">8.2 </span><span class="name">Accessing ERB helpers from a Ruby script</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="Invoking.html#id-1.7.7.2.5.3.25"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Determine HEX code for an IP address</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="Invoking.html#id-1.7.7.2.5.5.4"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">linuxrc</code> Options in the AutoYaST control file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#ex-ay-12vs15-software-scc"><span class="number">D.1 </span><span class="name">Adding modules and extensions (online)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#ex-ay-12vs15-software-packagemedia"><span class="number">D.2 </span><span class="name">Adding modules and extensions (offline)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#ex-ay-12vs15-partitioning-default-subvolume"><span class="number">D.3 </span><span class="name">Specifying the Btrfs default subvolume name</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#ex-ay-12vs15-partitioning-disabling-btrfs-subvolumes"><span class="number">D.4 </span><span class="name">Disabling Btrfs subvolumes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#ex-ay-12vs15-firewall-zones-default-deprecated"><span class="number">D.5 </span><span class="name">Assigning zones: default configuration (deprecated syntax)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#ex-ay-12vs15-firewall-zones-default-supported"><span class="number">D.6 </span><span class="name">Assigning zones: default configuration (SLE 15 syntax)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#ex-ay-12vs15-firewall-masq-deprecated"><span class="number">D.7 </span><span class="name">Masquerading and protecting internal zones (deprecated syntax)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#ex-ay-12vs15-firewall-masq-supported"><span class="number">D.8 </span><span class="name">Masquerading and protecting internal zones (SLE 15 syntax)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#ex-ay-12vs15-firewall-ports-deprecated"><span class="number">D.9 </span><span class="name">Opening ports (deprecated syntax)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#ex-ay-12vs15-firewall-ports-supported"><span class="number">D.10 </span><span class="name">Opening ports (SLE 15 syntax)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#ex-ay-12vs15-firewall-services-deprecated"><span class="number">D.11 </span><span class="name">
      Opening Services (Deprecated Syntax)
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-autoyast/index.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-autoyast/index.html
index ddfb1d65df..1b7a4e7114 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-autoyast/index.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-autoyast/index.html
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@
      of <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span> systems. It uses an AutoYaST profile that contains installation
      and configuration data. The book guides you through the basic steps of
      auto-installation: preparation, installation, and configuration.
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-autoyast.html" target="_blank">Revision History: AutoYaST Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-autoyast.html" target="_blank">Revision History: AutoYaST Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="ay-preface.html"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="ay-preface.html#id-1.7.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="ay-preface.html#id-1.7.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="ay-preface.html#id-1.7.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="ay-preface.html#id-1.7.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-intro-to-autoyast.html"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to AutoYaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-intro-to-autoyast.html#motiv"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Motivation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-intro-to-autoyast.html#overviewandconcept"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Overview and concept</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-control.html"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Understanding and creating the AutoYaST control file</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-autoyast-control-file.html"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">The AutoYaST control file</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-autoyast-control-file.html#Profile-Intro"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-autoyast-control-file.html#Profile-Format"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Format</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-autoyast-control-file.html#Profile-Structure"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Structure</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-autoyast-create-control-file.html"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Creating an AutoYaST control file</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-autoyast-create-control-file.html#Autoinstallation-collectInfo"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Collecting information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-autoyast-create-control-file.html#CreateProfile-CMS"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using the configuration management system (CMS)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-autoyast-create-control-file.html#CreateProfile-Manual"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Creating/editing a control file manually</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-autoyast-create-control-file.html#CreateProfile-XSLT"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a control file via script with XSLT</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-autoyast-create-control-file.html#check-profile"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">Checking a control file</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-configuration.html"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">AutoYaST configuration examples</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration and installation options</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-General"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">General options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-Reporting"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Reporting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-Register"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">System registration and extension selection</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-Bootloader"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">The boot loader</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-Partitioning"><span class="title-number">4.5 </span><span class="title-name">Partitioning</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-Iscsi-client"><span class="title-number">4.6 </span><span class="title-name">iSCSI initiator overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-fcoe-client"><span class="title-number">4.7 </span><span class="title-name">Fibre channel over Ethernet configuration (FCoE)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-Country"><span class="title-number">4.8 </span><span class="title-name">Country settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-Software"><span class="title-number">4.9 </span><span class="title-name">Software</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-upgrade"><span class="title-number">4.10 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrade</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-Services"><span class="title-number">4.11 </span><span class="title-name">Services and targets</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-Network"><span class="title-number">4.12 </span><span class="title-name">Network configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#Configuration-Network-Proxy"><span class="title-number">4.13 </span><span class="title-name">Proxy</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#Configuration-Network-NIS"><span class="title-number">4.14 </span><span class="title-name">NIS client and server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#Configuration-Network-NIS-Server"><span class="title-number">4.15 </span><span class="title-name">NIS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#Configuration-Network-Host"><span class="title-number">4.16 </span><span class="title-name">Hosts definition</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#Configuration-Network-Samba-client"><span class="title-number">4.17 </span><span class="title-name">Windows domain membership</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#Configuration-Network-Samba-server"><span class="title-number">4.18 </span><span class="title-name">Samba server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#Configuration-Network-Auth"><span class="title-number">4.19 </span><span class="title-name">Authentication client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#ay-nfs"><span class="title-number">4.20 </span><span class="title-name">NFS client and server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#Configuration-Network-Ntp"><span class="title-number">4.21 </span><span class="title-name">NTP client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#Configuration-Network-Sendmail"><span class="title-number">4.22 </span><span class="title-name">Mail server configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#Configuration-Network-apache"><span class="title-number">4.23 </span><span class="title-name">Apache HTTP server configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#Configuration-Network-Squid"><span class="title-number">4.24 </span><span class="title-name">Squid server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#Configuration-Network-Ftp"><span class="title-number">4.25 </span><span class="title-name">FTP server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#Configuration-Network-Tftp"><span class="title-number">4.26 </span><span class="title-name">TFTP server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-Firstboot"><span class="title-number">4.27 </span><span class="title-name">Firstboot workflow</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-Security"><span class="title-number">4.28 </span><span class="title-name">Security settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-Security-laf"><span class="title-number">4.29 </span><span class="title-name">Linux audit framework (LAF)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#Configuration-Security-users-and-groups"><span class="title-number">4.30 </span><span class="title-name">Users and groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#createprofile-scripts"><span class="title-number">4.31 </span><span class="title-name">Custom user scripts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#createprofile-sysconfig"><span class="title-number">4.32 </span><span class="title-name">System variables (sysconfig)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#createprofile-completeconf"><span class="title-number">4.33 </span><span class="title-name">Adding complete configurations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-Ask"><span class="title-number">4.34 </span><span class="title-name">Ask the user for values during installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-kdump"><span class="title-number">4.35 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel dumps</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-dns-server"><span class="title-number">4.36 </span><span class="title-name">DNS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-dhcp-server"><span class="title-number">4.37 </span><span class="title-name">DHCP server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-firewall"><span class="title-number">4.38 </span><span class="title-name">Firewall configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-Hardware"><span class="title-number">4.39 </span><span class="title-name">Miscellaneous hardware and system components</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-SSHKeysAndConfig"><span class="title-number">4.40 </span><span class="title-name">Importing SSH keys and configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#CreateProfile-ConfigurationManagement"><span class="title-number">4.41 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration management</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-dynamic-profiles.html"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Managing mass installations with dynamic profiles</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="dynamic-profiles.html"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Supported approaches to dynamic profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="rulesandclass.html"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Rules and classes</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="rulesandclass.html#rules"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Rule-based automatic installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="rulesandclass.html#classes"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Classes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="rulesandclass.html#mixinfrulesclasses"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Mixing rules and classes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="rulesandclass.html#merging"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">Merging of rules and classes</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="erb-templates.html"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">ERB templates</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="erb-templates.html#erb"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">What is ERB?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="erb-templates.html#erb-helpers"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Template helpers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="erb-templates.html#erb-running-helpers"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Running ERB helpers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="erb-templates.html#erb-rendering-profile"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Rendering ERB profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="erb-templates.html#erb-debugging-erb"><span class="title-number">7.5 </span><span class="title-name">Debugging ERB profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="erb-templates.html#erb-comparison"><span class="title-number">7.6 </span><span class="title-name">ERB compared to rules and classes</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="pre-scripts.html"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Combining ERB templates and scripts</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="pre-scripts.html#erb-and-scripts"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Embedding ERB in your scripts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="pre-scripts.html#erb-helpers-in-scripts"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing ERB helpers from Ruby scripts</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="bk05pt04.html"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Understanding the auto-installation process</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="Invoking.html"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">The auto-installation process</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="Invoking.html#Installation-process"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="Invoking.html#bootmedium"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Choosing the right boot medium</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="Invoking.html#invoking-autoinst"><span class="title-number">9.3 </span><span class="title-name">Invoking the auto-installation process</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="Invoking.html#System-Configuration"><span class="title-number">9.4 </span><span class="title-name">System configuration</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="bk05pt05.html"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Uses for AutoYaST on installed systems</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="InstalledSystem.html"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Running AutoYaST in an installed system</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="bk05pt06.html"><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">Appendixes</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="appendix"><a href="handlingrules.html"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">Handling rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="app-ay-faq.html"><span class="title-number">B </span><span class="title-name">AutoYaST FAQ—frequently asked questions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="appendix-linuxrc.html"><span class="title-number">C </span><span class="title-name">Advanced <code class="command">linuxrc</code> options</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix-linuxrc.html#ay-cmd-parameters"><span class="title-number">C.1 </span><span class="title-name">Passing parameters to <code class="command">linuxrc</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix-linuxrc.html#info-file-format"><span class="title-number">C.2 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="filename">info</code> file format</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix-linuxrc.html#ay-adv-network"><span class="title-number">C.3 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced network setup</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html"><span class="title-number">D </span><span class="title-name">Differences between AutoYaST profiles in SLE 12 and 15</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#sec-ay-12vs15-product-selection"><span class="title-number">D.1 </span><span class="title-name">Product selection</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#sec-ay-12vs15-software"><span class="title-number">D.2 </span><span class="title-name">Software</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#sec-ay-12vs15-registration"><span class="title-number">D.3 </span><span class="title-name">Registration of module and extension dependencies</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#sec-ay-12vs15-partitioning"><span class="title-number">D.4 </span><span class="title-name">Partitioning</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#sec-ay-12vs15-firewall"><span class="title-number">D.5 </span><span class="title-name">Firewall configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#sec-ay-12vs15-ntp"><span class="title-number">D.6 </span><span class="title-name">NTP configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#sec-ay-12vs15-2nd-stage"><span class="title-number">D.7 </span><span class="title-name">AutoYaST packages are needed for the second stage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#sec-ay-12vs15-ca"><span class="title-number">D.8 </span><span class="title-name">The CA management module has been dropped</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#sec-ay-12vs15-upgrade"><span class="title-number">D.9 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrade</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="bk05pt06ape.html"><span class="title-number">E </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="bk05pt06ape.html#id-1.7.9.6.4"><span class="title-number">E.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-autoyast-create-control-file.html#id-1.7.4.3.4.4"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">Configuration system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#partitioning-keep1"><span class="number">4.1 </span><span class="name">Keeping partitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="rulesandclass.html#rules-fig1"><span class="number">6.1 </span><span class="name">Rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="rulesandclass.html#id-1.7.6.3.7.9"><span class="number">6.2 </span><span class="name">Defining classes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="handlingrules.html#rulesflow"><span class="number">A.1 </span><span class="name">Rules retrieval process</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="rulesandclass.html#id-1.7.6.3.6.18.4"><span class="number">6.1 </span><span class="name">System attributes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="appendix-linuxrc.html#id-1.7.9.4.9.7"><span class="number">C.1 </span><span class="name">Advanced <code class="command">linuxrc</code> keywords</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#id-1.7.9.5.7.4"><span class="number">D.1 </span><span class="name">AutoYaST firewall configuration in SLE 15: backward compatibility</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#id-1.7.9.5.7.8.3"><span class="number">D.2 </span><span class="name">Mapping of SuSEfirewall2 and <code class="systemitem">firewalld</code> zones</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-autoyast-control-file.html#id-1.7.4.2.4.5"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">AutoYaST control file (profile)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-autoyast-control-file.html#id-1.7.4.2.5.3"><span class="number">2.2 </span><span class="name">Control file container</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-autoyast-control-file.html#id-1.7.4.2.5.6.4"><span class="number">2.3 </span><span class="name">Nested resources</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-autoyast-control-file.html#id-1.7.4.2.5.7.4"><span class="number">2.4 </span><span class="name">An empty map</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-autoyast-create-control-file.html#id-1.7.4.3.6.4"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">Example file for replacing the host name/domain by script</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#ex-general-common"><span class="number">4.1 </span><span class="name">General options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.7.5"><span class="number">4.2 </span><span class="name">Reporting behavior</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#example-lvm-guided"><span class="number">4.3 </span><span class="name">LVM-based guided partitioning</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#example-partitioning"><span class="number">4.4 </span><span class="name">Creating <code class="literal">/</code>, <code class="literal">/home</code> and <code class="literal">swap</code> partitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.10.8.10.4"><span class="number">4.5 </span><span class="name">Using a whole disk as a file system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.10.8.11.3"><span class="number">4.6 </span><span class="name">Automated partitioning on selected drives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.10.8.11.5"><span class="number">4.7 </span><span class="name">Installing on multiple drives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.10.9.4.7"><span class="number">4.8 </span><span class="name">Mount options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.10.9.5.5"><span class="number">4.9 </span><span class="name">Keeping partitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.10.9.5.9"><span class="number">4.10 </span><span class="name">Auto-detection of partitions to be kept.</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.10.10.3"><span class="number">4.11 </span><span class="name">Create LVM physical volume</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.10.10.4"><span class="number">4.12 </span><span class="name">LVM logical volumes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.10.11.9"><span class="number">4.13 </span><span class="name">RAID10 configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.10.11.11"><span class="number">4.14 </span><span class="name">RAID10 without partitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.10.11.12.6"><span class="number">4.15 </span><span class="name">Old style RAID10 configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#multipath-example"><span class="number">4.16 </span><span class="name">Using multipath devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#multipath-ll-output"><span class="number">4.17 </span><span class="name">Listing multipath devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#multipath-wwid-example"><span class="number">4.18 </span><span class="name">Using the WWID to identify a multipath device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.10.13.6"><span class="number">4.19 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">bcache</code> definition</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.10.14.6"><span class="number">4.20 </span><span class="name">Multi-device Btrfs configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.10.15.4"><span class="number">4.21 </span><span class="name">NFS share definition</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.10.16.3"><span class="number">4.22 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">tmpfs</code> definition</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.11.4"><span class="number">4.23 </span><span class="name">iSCSI client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.12.4"><span class="number">4.24 </span><span class="name">FCoE configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.13.4"><span class="number">4.25 </span><span class="name">Language</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.13.8"><span class="number">4.26 </span><span class="name">Time zone</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.13.10"><span class="number">4.27 </span><span class="name">Keyboard</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.14.4.5"><span class="number">4.28 </span><span class="name">Explicit product selection</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.14.5.3"><span class="number">4.29 </span><span class="name">Package selection in the control file with patterns and packages sections</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#ay-packages-selection-using-a-regexp"><span class="number">4.30 </span><span class="name">Packages selection using a regular expression</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.14.6.5"><span class="number">4.31 </span><span class="name">Creating a package database with the additional package inst-source-utils.rpm</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.14.6.10"><span class="number">4.32 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">add_on_products.xml</code>
      </span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.14.6.15"><span class="number">4.33 </span><span class="name">Adding the SDK extension and a user defined repository</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.14.7.4"><span class="number">4.34 </span><span class="name">Kernel selection in the control file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.14.8.4"><span class="number">4.35 </span><span class="name">Package selection in control file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.15.6"><span class="number">4.36 </span><span class="name">Upgrade and backup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.16.8"><span class="number">4.37 </span><span class="name">Configuring services and targets</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#ex-ay-network-config-general"><span class="number">4.38 </span><span class="name">Network configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#ex-ay-network-config-bond"><span class="number">4.39 </span><span class="name">Bonding interface configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#ex-ay-network-config-bridge"><span class="number">4.40 </span><span class="name">Bridge interface configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#ex-ay-network-config-aliases"><span class="number">4.41 </span><span class="name">Multiple IP Addresses</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.17.7.5"><span class="number">4.42 </span><span class="name">Assigning a persistent name using the MAC address</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#ex-ay-network-routing"><span class="number">4.43 </span><span class="name">Network routing configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.18.5"><span class="number">4.44 </span><span class="name">Network configuration: proxy</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.19.4"><span class="number">4.45 </span><span class="name">Network configuration: NIS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.20.4"><span class="number">4.46 </span><span class="name">NIS server configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.21.4"><span class="number">4.47 </span><span class="name">/etc/hosts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.22.4"><span class="number">4.48 </span><span class="name">Samba client configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.23.4"><span class="number">4.49 </span><span class="name">Samba server configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.25.6"><span class="number">4.50 </span><span class="name">Network configuration: NFS client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.25.7"><span class="number">4.51 </span><span class="name">Network configuration: NFS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.26.5"><span class="number">4.52 </span><span class="name">Network configuration: NTP client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.27.4"><span class="number">4.53 </span><span class="name">Mail configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.28.5"><span class="number">4.54 </span><span class="name">HTTP server configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.29.4"><span class="number">4.55 </span><span class="name">Squid server configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.30.4"><span class="number">4.56 </span><span class="name">FTP server configuration:</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.31.6"><span class="number">4.57 </span><span class="name">TFTP server configuration:</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.32.4"><span class="number">4.58 </span><span class="name">Enabling firstboot workflow</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.33.5"><span class="number">4.59 </span><span class="name">Security configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.33.11.7"><span class="number">4.60 </span><span class="name">Select the <span class="orgname">Defense Information Systems Agency</span> Security Technical Implementation Guide</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.34.4"><span class="number">4.61 </span><span class="name">LAF configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.35.3.3"><span class="number">4.62 </span><span class="name">Minimal user configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.35.3.5"><span class="number">4.63 </span><span class="name">Complex user configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.35.5.3"><span class="number">4.64 </span><span class="name">Group configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.35.6.3"><span class="number">4.65 </span><span class="name">Enabling autologin and password-less login</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.36.13.2"><span class="number">4.66 </span><span class="name">Script configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.37.5"><span class="number">4.67 </span><span class="name">Sysconfig configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.38.9"><span class="number">4.68 </span><span class="name">Dumping files into the installed system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.38.11"><span class="number">4.69 </span><span class="name">Dumping files into the installed system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.40.8"><span class="number">4.70 </span><span class="name">Kdump configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.40.10"><span class="number">4.71 </span><span class="name">Disabled Kdump configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.40.11.8"><span class="number">4.72 </span><span class="name">Kdump memory reservation with multiple values</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.41.5"><span class="number">4.73 </span><span class="name">Basic DNS server settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.41.8"><span class="number">4.74 </span><span class="name">Configuring DNS server zones and advanced settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.42.5"><span class="number">4.75 </span><span class="name">Example dhcp-server section</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.43.8.3"><span class="number">4.76 </span><span class="name">Example firewall section</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#printer-conf"><span class="number">4.77 </span><span class="name">Printer configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#id-1.7.5.2.44.6.3"><span class="number">4.78 </span><span class="name">Sound configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#import-ssh"><span class="number">4.79 </span><span class="name">Importing SSH keys and configuration from /dev/sda2</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#configuration-management-manual-authentication"><span class="number">4.80 </span><span class="name">Client/server with manual authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#configuration-management-preseed-keys"><span class="number">4.81 </span><span class="name">Client/server with preseed keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-configuration-installation-options.html#configuration-management-masterless"><span class="number">4.82 </span><span class="name">Stand-alone mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="rulesandclass.html#id-1.7.6.3.6.13.2"><span class="number">6.1 </span><span class="name">Simple rules file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="rulesandclass.html#id-1.7.6.3.6.13.7"><span class="number">6.2 </span><span class="name">Simple rules file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="erb-templates.html#simple-erb"><span class="number">7.1 </span><span class="name">Including a file using ERB</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="erb-templates.html#id-1.7.6.4.5.6"><span class="number">7.2 </span><span class="name">Running commands with Ruby</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="erb-templates.html#id-1.7.6.4.5.8"><span class="number">7.3 </span><span class="name">Using Ruby structures</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="erb-templates.html#id-1.7.6.4.6.3.3"><span class="number">7.4 </span><span class="name">Configuring the boot loader</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="erb-templates.html#id-1.7.6.4.6.4.5"><span class="number">7.5 </span><span class="name">Using the largest disk</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="erb-templates.html#id-1.7.6.4.6.5.5"><span class="number">7.6 </span><span class="name">Configure the connected network cards</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="erb-templates.html#id-1.7.6.4.6.6.5"><span class="number">7.7 </span><span class="name">Reusing the same profile for different distributions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="erb-templates.html#id-1.7.6.4.6.7.3"><span class="number">7.8 </span><span class="name">Filtering USB devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="erb-templates.html#id-1.7.6.4.7.3"><span class="number">7.9 </span><span class="name">Running helpers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="erb-templates.html#id-1.7.6.4.8.3"><span class="number">7.10 </span><span class="name">Rendering profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="erb-templates.html#id-1.7.6.4.9.3"><span class="number">7.11 </span><span class="name">Preparing the debug environment</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="erb-templates.html#id-1.7.6.4.9.5"><span class="number">7.12 </span><span class="name">Adding a breakpoint</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="erb-templates.html#id-1.7.6.4.10.3"><span class="number">7.13 </span><span class="name">Rules and classes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="erb-templates.html#id-1.7.6.4.10.4"><span class="number">7.14 </span><span class="name">ERB</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="pre-scripts.html#combining-erb-and-scripts"><span class="number">8.1 </span><span class="name">Using the MAC address to get the profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="pre-scripts.html#ruby-script-erb-helpers"><span class="number">8.2 </span><span class="name">Accessing ERB helpers from a Ruby script</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="Invoking.html#id-1.7.7.2.5.3.25"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Determine HEX code for an IP address</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="Invoking.html#id-1.7.7.2.5.5.4"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">linuxrc</code> Options in the AutoYaST control file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#ex-ay-12vs15-software-scc"><span class="number">D.1 </span><span class="name">Adding modules and extensions (online)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#ex-ay-12vs15-software-packagemedia"><span class="number">D.2 </span><span class="name">Adding modules and extensions (offline)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#ex-ay-12vs15-partitioning-default-subvolume"><span class="number">D.3 </span><span class="name">Specifying the Btrfs default subvolume name</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#ex-ay-12vs15-partitioning-disabling-btrfs-subvolumes"><span class="number">D.4 </span><span class="name">Disabling Btrfs subvolumes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#ex-ay-12vs15-firewall-zones-default-deprecated"><span class="number">D.5 </span><span class="name">Assigning zones: default configuration (deprecated syntax)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#ex-ay-12vs15-firewall-zones-default-supported"><span class="number">D.6 </span><span class="name">Assigning zones: default configuration (SLE 15 syntax)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#ex-ay-12vs15-firewall-masq-deprecated"><span class="number">D.7 </span><span class="name">Masquerading and protecting internal zones (deprecated syntax)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#ex-ay-12vs15-firewall-masq-supported"><span class="number">D.8 </span><span class="name">Masquerading and protecting internal zones (SLE 15 syntax)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#ex-ay-12vs15-firewall-ports-deprecated"><span class="number">D.9 </span><span class="name">Opening ports (deprecated syntax)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#ex-ay-12vs15-firewall-ports-supported"><span class="number">D.10 </span><span class="name">Opening ports (SLE 15 syntax)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="appendix-ay-12vs15.html#ex-ay-12vs15-firewall-services-deprecated"><span class="number">D.11 </span><span class="name">
      Opening Services (Deprecated Syntax)
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-deployment/book-deployment.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-deployment/book-deployment.html
index 34e2a6de2f..49a5e463ba 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-deployment/book-deployment.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-deployment/book-deployment.html
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@
     This guide details how to install single or multiple
      systems, and how to exploit the product-inherent capabilities for a deployment
      infrastructure.
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-deployment.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Deployment Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-deployment.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Deployment Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="preface-deployment.html"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-deployment.html#id-1.4.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-deployment.html#id-1.4.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-deployment.html#id-1.4.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-deployment.html#id-1.4.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-prep.html"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Installation preparation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-planning.html"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Planning for <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-planning.html#sec-planning-start"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Considerations for deployment of <span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-planning.html#sec-planning-deploy"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Deployment of <span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-planning.html#sec-planning-running"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Running <span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-planning.html#sec-planning-registering"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">Registering <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-planning.html#sec-planning-leanos"><span class="title-number">1.5 </span><span class="title-name">Changes in installation from SUSE Linux Enterprise Server version 15</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-x86.html"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation on AMD64 and Intel 64</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-x86.html#sec-x86-requirements"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-x86.html#sec-x86-prep-considerations"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation considerations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-x86.html#sec-x86-prep-installation-methods"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installation methods</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-x86.html#sec-x86-media"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Booting the system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-x86.html#sec-bootproblem"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Dealing with boot and installation problems</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-aarch64.html"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Installation on AArch64</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-aarch64.html#sec-aarch64-sysreqs"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-aarch64.html#sec-aarch64-prep-considerations"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation considerations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-aarch64.html#sec-aarch64-prep-installation-methods"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Controlling the installation process</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-aarch64.html#sec-aarch64-media"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Booting the system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-aarch64.html#sec-bootproblem-aarch64"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">Dealing with boot and installation problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-aarch64.html#sec-aarch64-deprpi"><span class="title-number">3.6 </span><span class="title-name">Raspberry Pi</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-power.html"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Installation on IBM POWER</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-power.html#sec-power-requirements"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-power.html#sec-power-install"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for POWER</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-power.html#sec-power-install-procedure"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-power.html#sec-power-info"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-zseries.html"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Installation on IBM Z and LinuxONE</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-zseries.html#sec-zseries-requirements"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">System requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-zseries.html#sec-zseries-information"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">General information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-zseries.html#sec-zseries-prep"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Preparing for installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-zseries.html#sec-zseries-prep-secure-boot"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Secure boot</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-zseries.html#sec-appdendix-parm"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">The parmfile—automating the system configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-zseries.html#sec-appdendix-vt220"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Using the vt220 terminal emulator</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-zseries.html#sec-appdendix-further-information"><span class="title-number">5.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-kiso.html"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Installation on hardware not supported at release</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-kiso.html#sec-kiso-download"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Download kernel update</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-kiso.html#sec-kiso-boot"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Boot kernel update</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-deployment.html"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Installation procedure</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-boot-parameters.html"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Boot parameters</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-boot-parameters.html#sec-boot-parameters-default"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using the default boot parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-boot-parameters.html#sec-boot-parameters-start-x86-64"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">PC (AMD64/Intel 64/AArch64)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-boot-parameters.html#sec-boot-parameters-list"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">List of important boot parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-boot-parameters.html#sec-boot-parameters-advanced"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced setups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-boot-parameters.html#sec-boot-parameters-zseries"><span class="title-number">7.5 </span><span class="title-name">IBM Z</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-boot-parameters.html#sec-boot-parameters-more-information"><span class="title-number">7.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-install.html"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Installation steps</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-install.html#sec-yast-install-overview"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-install.html#sec-yast-install-self-update"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installer self-update</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-install.html#sec-yast-install-welcome"><span class="title-number">8.3 </span><span class="title-name">
    <span class="phrase">Language, keyboard, and product selection</span>
    
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-deployment/index.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-deployment/index.html
index 34e2a6de2f..49a5e463ba 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-deployment/index.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-deployment/index.html
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@
     This guide details how to install single or multiple
      systems, and how to exploit the product-inherent capabilities for a deployment
      infrastructure.
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-deployment.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Deployment Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-deployment.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Deployment Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="preface-deployment.html"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-deployment.html#id-1.4.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-deployment.html#id-1.4.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-deployment.html#id-1.4.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-deployment.html#id-1.4.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-prep.html"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Installation preparation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-planning.html"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Planning for <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-planning.html#sec-planning-start"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Considerations for deployment of <span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-planning.html#sec-planning-deploy"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Deployment of <span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-planning.html#sec-planning-running"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Running <span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-planning.html#sec-planning-registering"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">Registering <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-planning.html#sec-planning-leanos"><span class="title-number">1.5 </span><span class="title-name">Changes in installation from SUSE Linux Enterprise Server version 15</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-x86.html"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation on AMD64 and Intel 64</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-x86.html#sec-x86-requirements"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-x86.html#sec-x86-prep-considerations"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation considerations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-x86.html#sec-x86-prep-installation-methods"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installation methods</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-x86.html#sec-x86-media"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Booting the system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-x86.html#sec-bootproblem"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Dealing with boot and installation problems</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-aarch64.html"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Installation on AArch64</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-aarch64.html#sec-aarch64-sysreqs"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-aarch64.html#sec-aarch64-prep-considerations"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation considerations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-aarch64.html#sec-aarch64-prep-installation-methods"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Controlling the installation process</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-aarch64.html#sec-aarch64-media"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Booting the system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-aarch64.html#sec-bootproblem-aarch64"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">Dealing with boot and installation problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-aarch64.html#sec-aarch64-deprpi"><span class="title-number">3.6 </span><span class="title-name">Raspberry Pi</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-power.html"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Installation on IBM POWER</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-power.html#sec-power-requirements"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-power.html#sec-power-install"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for POWER</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-power.html#sec-power-install-procedure"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-power.html#sec-power-info"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-zseries.html"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Installation on IBM Z and LinuxONE</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-zseries.html#sec-zseries-requirements"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">System requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-zseries.html#sec-zseries-information"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">General information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-zseries.html#sec-zseries-prep"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Preparing for installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-zseries.html#sec-zseries-prep-secure-boot"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Secure boot</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-zseries.html#sec-appdendix-parm"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">The parmfile—automating the system configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-zseries.html#sec-appdendix-vt220"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Using the vt220 terminal emulator</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-zseries.html#sec-appdendix-further-information"><span class="title-number">5.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-kiso.html"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Installation on hardware not supported at release</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-kiso.html#sec-kiso-download"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Download kernel update</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-kiso.html#sec-kiso-boot"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Boot kernel update</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-deployment.html"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Installation procedure</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-boot-parameters.html"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Boot parameters</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-boot-parameters.html#sec-boot-parameters-default"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using the default boot parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-boot-parameters.html#sec-boot-parameters-start-x86-64"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">PC (AMD64/Intel 64/AArch64)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-boot-parameters.html#sec-boot-parameters-list"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">List of important boot parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-boot-parameters.html#sec-boot-parameters-advanced"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced setups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-boot-parameters.html#sec-boot-parameters-zseries"><span class="title-number">7.5 </span><span class="title-name">IBM Z</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-boot-parameters.html#sec-boot-parameters-more-information"><span class="title-number">7.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-install.html"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Installation steps</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-install.html#sec-yast-install-overview"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-install.html#sec-yast-install-self-update"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installer self-update</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-install.html#sec-yast-install-welcome"><span class="title-number">8.3 </span><span class="title-name">
    <span class="phrase">Language, keyboard, and product selection</span>
    
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-gnome-user/book-gnome-user.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-gnome-user/book-gnome-user.html
index 92c6f7006b..87defb7c56 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-gnome-user/book-gnome-user.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-gnome-user/book-gnome-user.html
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_gnome-user.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">GNOME User Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">GNOME User Guide</div><ol><li><a href="pre-gnome-about.html" class=" "><span class="title-number"> </span><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></li><li><a href="part-gnome-desktop.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Getting started with the GNOME desktop</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Working with your desktop</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing your settings</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-gnome-accessibility.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Assistive technologies</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-gnome-manage.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Connectivity, files and resources</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-gnome-network.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing network resources</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-gnome-print.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing printers</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-userbackup.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Backing up user data</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Passwords and Keys</span>: signing and encrypting data</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-lo.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-lo-oview.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice: the office suite</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-lo-writer.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Writer</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-lo-calc.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Calc</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-lo-various.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Impress, Base, Draw, and Math</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-communication.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Internet and communication</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-firefox.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Firefox</span>: browsing the Web</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-gnome-evolution.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Evolution</span>: e-mailing and calendaring</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-gnome-pidgin.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Pidgin</span>: instant messaging</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-ekiga.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Ekiga</span>: using voice over IP</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-graphics.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Graphics and multimedia</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-gimp.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">GIMP</span>: manipulating graphics</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-gnome-totem.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">GNOME Videos</span></span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="cha-userhelp.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">Help and documentation</span></a></li><li><a href="bk04apb.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">B </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></li> </ol> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-gnome-user" data-id-title="GNOME User Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">GNOME User Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_gnome-user.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p>
     This guide introduces the GNOME desktop of <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span>.
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-gnome-user.html" target="_blank">Revision History: GNOME User Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-gnome-user.html" target="_blank">Revision History: GNOME User Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="pre-gnome-about.html"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="pre-gnome-about.html#id-1.6.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="pre-gnome-about.html#id-1.6.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="pre-gnome-about.html#id-1.6.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="pre-gnome-about.html#id-1.6.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-gnome-desktop.html"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Getting started with the GNOME desktop</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html#sec-gnome-login"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Logging in</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html#sec-gnome-desktop"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Desktop basics</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html#sec-gnomeuser-start-logout"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Pausing or finishing your session</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Working with your desktop</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-nautilus"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Managing files and directories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-media"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing removable media</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-search-files"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Searching for files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-cutnpaste"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Copying text between applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-connections"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Managing Internet connections</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-internet"><span class="title-number">2.6 </span><span class="title-name">Exploring the Internet</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-mail"><span class="title-number">2.7 </span><span class="title-name">E-mail and scheduling</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-oo"><span class="title-number">2.8 </span><span class="title-name">Opening or creating documents with LibreOffice</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-power-mgmt"><span class="title-number">2.9 </span><span class="title-name">Controlling your desktop’s power management</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-archives"><span class="title-number">2.10 </span><span class="title-name">Creating, displaying, and decompressing archives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-screnshots"><span class="title-number">2.11 </span><span class="title-name">Taking screenshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-pdfs"><span class="title-number">2.12 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing PDF files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-updates"><span class="title-number">2.13 </span><span class="title-name">Obtaining software updates</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-more"><span class="title-number">2.14 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing your settings</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-look-deskback"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the desktop background</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-lang"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring language settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-keyboard"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the keyboard</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-xmodmap"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using <span class="productname">XCompose</span> to type special
         characters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-bluetooth"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring Bluetooth settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-power"><span class="title-number">3.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring power settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-mouse"><span class="title-number">3.7 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the mouse and touchpad</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-printer"><span class="title-number">3.8 </span><span class="title-name">Installing and configuring printers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-screen"><span class="title-number">3.9 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring screens</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-audio"><span class="title-number">3.10 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring sound settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-prefapps"><span class="title-number">3.11 </span><span class="title-name">Setting default applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-share"><span class="title-number">3.12 </span><span class="title-name">Setting session sharing preferences</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnome-accessibility.html"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Assistive technologies</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-accessibility.html#sec-general-accessibility-enable"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling assistive technologies</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-accessibility.html#sec-general-accessibility-visual"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Visual assistance</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-accessibility.html#sec-general-accessibility-hearing"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Hearing assistance</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-accessibility.html#sec-general-accessibility-mobility"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">Keyboard and mouse</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-accessibility.html#sec-general-accessibility-more"><span class="title-number">4.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-gnome-manage.html"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Connectivity, files and resources</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnome-network.html"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing network resources</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-network.html#sec-gnomeuser-start-network-connect"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Connecting to a network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-network.html#sec-gnome-network-general"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">General notes on file sharing and network browsing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-network.html#sec-gnome-network-accshare"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing network shares</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-network.html#sec-gnome-network-smbshare"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Sharing directories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-network.html#sec-gnome-network-ad-data"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">Managing Windows files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-network.html#sec-gnome-network-ad-printer"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring and accessing a Windows network printer</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnome-print.html"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing printers</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-print.html#sec-gnome-print-inst"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installing a printer</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-print.html#id-1.6.4.4.5"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying printer settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-print.html#id-1.6.4.4.6"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Canceling print jobs</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-userbackup.html"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Backing up user data</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-userbackup.html#sec-gnome-backup-config"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring backups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-userbackup.html#sec-gnome-backup-start"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating backups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-userbackup.html#cha-userbackup-restore"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Restoring data</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Passwords and Keys</span>: signing and encrypting data</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#sec-gnome-crypto-sign-encrypt"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Signing and encryption</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#cha-gnome-crypto-gen-key"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Generating a new key pair</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#cha-gnome-crypto-modify-key"><span class="title-number">8.3 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying key properties</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#cha-gnome-crypto-import-key"><span class="title-number">8.4 </span><span class="title-name">Importing keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#cha-gnome-crypto-export-key"><span class="title-number">8.5 </span><span class="title-name">Exporting keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#cha-gnome-crypto-sign-key"><span class="title-number">8.6 </span><span class="title-name">Signing a key</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#cha-gnome-crypto-prefs-keyrings"><span class="title-number">8.7 </span><span class="title-name">Password keyrings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#cha-gnome-crypto-prefs-servers"><span class="title-number">8.8 </span><span class="title-name">Key servers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#cha-gnome-crypto-prefs-sharing"><span class="title-number">8.9 </span><span class="title-name">Key sharing</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-lo.html"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice: the office suite</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-oview-modules"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-oview-start"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Starting LibreOffice</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-interface"><span class="title-number">9.3 </span><span class="title-name">The LibreOffice user interface</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-oview-migration"><span class="title-number">9.4 </span><span class="title-name">Compatibility with other office applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-oview-passwd"><span class="title-number">9.5 </span><span class="title-name">Saving files with a password</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-oview-cust"><span class="title-number">9.6 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing LibreOffice</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-oview-global"><span class="title-number">9.7 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the global settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-oview-templates"><span class="title-number">9.8 </span><span class="title-name">Using templates</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-overview-properties"><span class="title-number">9.9 </span><span class="title-name">Setting metadata and properties</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-oview-help"><span class="title-number">9.10 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-lo-writer.html"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Writer</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-writer.html#sec-lo-writer-createnew"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a new document</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-writer.html#sec-lo-writer-styles"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Formatting with styles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-writer.html#sec-lo-writer-largedocs"><span class="title-number">10.3 </span><span class="title-name">Working with large documents</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-writer.html#sec-lo-writer-html"><span class="title-number">10.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using Writer as an HTML editor</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-lo-calc.html"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Calc</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-calc.html#sec-lo-calc-createnew"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a new document</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-calc.html#sec-lo-calc-styles"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using formatting and styles in Calc</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-calc.html#sec-lo-calc-sheets"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Working with sheets</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-calc.html#sec-lo-calc-condformat"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Conditional formatting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-calc.html#sec-lo-calc-grouping"><span class="title-number">11.5 </span><span class="title-name">Grouping and ungrouping cells</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-calc.html#sec-lo-calc-freezing"><span class="title-number">11.6 </span><span class="title-name">Freezing rows or columns as headers</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-lo-various.html"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Impress, Base, Draw, and Math</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-various.html#sec-lo-various-impress"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using presentations with <span class="productname">Impress</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-various.html#sec-lo-various-base"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using databases with <span class="guimenu">Base</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-various.html#sec-lo-various-draw"><span class="title-number">12.3 </span><span class="title-name">Creating graphics with <span class="guimenu">Draw</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-various.html#sec-lo-various-math"><span class="title-number">12.4 </span><span class="title-name">Creating mathematical formulas with <span class="productname">Math</span>
   </span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-communication.html"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Internet and communication</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-firefox.html"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Firefox</span>: browsing the Web</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-start"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">Firefox</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-navigating"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Navigating Web sites</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-findinfo"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">Finding information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-bookmarks"><span class="title-number">13.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing bookmarks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-downloadmanager"><span class="title-number">13.5 </span><span class="title-name">Using the download manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-security"><span class="title-number">13.6 </span><span class="title-name">Security</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-customizing"><span class="title-number">13.7 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing <span class="productname">Firefox</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-printing"><span class="title-number">13.8 </span><span class="title-name">Printing from <span class="productname">Firefox</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">13.9 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnome-evolution.html"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Evolution</span>: e-mailing and calendaring</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-evolution.html#sec-gnome-evolution-first-start"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">Evolution</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-evolution.html#sec-gnome-evolution-first-start-setup-assistant"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setup assistant</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-evolution.html#sec-gnome-evolution-usage"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Using <span class="productname">Evolution</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-evolution.html#sec-evolution-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnome-pidgin.html"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Pidgin</span>: instant messaging</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-pidgin.html#sec-gnome-pidgin-start"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">Pidgin</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-pidgin.html#sec-gnome-pidgin-configure"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring accounts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-pidgin.html#sec-gnome-pidgin-buddy-list"><span class="title-number">15.3 </span><span class="title-name">Managing contacts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-pidgin.html#sec-gnome-pidgin-chat"><span class="title-number">15.4 </span><span class="title-name">Chatting with friends</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-pidgin.html#sec-gnome-pidgin-more"><span class="title-number">15.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-ekiga.html"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Ekiga</span>: using voice over IP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ekiga.html#sec-ekiga-start"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">Ekiga</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ekiga.html#sec-ekiga-configure"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring <span class="productname">Ekiga</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ekiga.html#sec-ekiga-ui"><span class="title-number">16.3 </span><span class="title-name">The <span class="productname">Ekiga</span> user interface</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ekiga.html#sec-ekiga-firstcall"><span class="title-number">16.4 </span><span class="title-name">Making a call</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ekiga.html#sec-ekiga-answer"><span class="title-number">16.5 </span><span class="title-name">Answering a call</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ekiga.html#sec-ekiga-calladd"><span class="title-number">16.6 </span><span class="title-name">Using the address book</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ekiga.html#sec-ekiga-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">16.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-graphics.html"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Graphics and multimedia</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gimp.html"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">GIMP</span>: manipulating graphics</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gimp.html#sec-gimp-graphics"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name">Graphics formats</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gimp.html#sec-gimp-starting"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">GIMP</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gimp.html#sec-gimp-starting-defaultwin"><span class="title-number">17.3 </span><span class="title-name">User interface overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gimp.html#sec-gimp-getstart"><span class="title-number">17.4 </span><span class="title-name">Getting started</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gimp.html#sec-gimp-saving"><span class="title-number">17.5 </span><span class="title-name">Saving and exporting images</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gimp.html#sec-gimp-basics"><span class="title-number">17.6 </span><span class="title-name">Editing images</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gimp.html#sec-gimp-printing"><span class="title-number">17.7 </span><span class="title-name">Printing images</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gimp.html#sec-gimp-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">17.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnome-totem.html"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">GNOME Videos</span></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-totem.html#sec-gnome-totem-using"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using <span class="guimenu">GNOME Videos</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-totem.html#sec-gnome-totem-prefs"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying <span class="guimenu">GNOME Videos</span> preferences</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="cha-userhelp.html"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">Help and documentation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-userhelp.html#sec-help-onboard-yelp"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using GNOME Help</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-userhelp.html#sec-help-furtherdoc"><span class="title-number">A.2 </span><span class="title-name">Additional help resources</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-userhelp.html#sec-help-more"><span class="title-number">A.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="bk04apb.html"><span class="title-number">B </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="bk04apb.html#id-1.6.9.4"><span class="title-number">B.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html#id-1.6.3.3.5.4"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Default GNOME login screen</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html#id-1.6.3.3.5.6.3.2.2"><span class="number">1.2 </span><span class="name">Default GNOME login screen—session type</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html#id-1.6.3.3.6.4"><span class="number">1.3 </span><span class="name">GNOME desktop with activities overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html#id-1.6.3.3.6.5.4.3"><span class="number">1.4 </span><span class="name"><span class="guimenu">Activities</span> overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html#id-1.6.3.3.6.5.5.2"><span class="number">1.5 </span><span class="name"><span class="guimenu">Application</span> menu for
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 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_gnome-user.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">GNOME User Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">GNOME User Guide</div><ol><li><a href="pre-gnome-about.html" class=" "><span class="title-number"> </span><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></li><li><a href="part-gnome-desktop.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Getting started with the GNOME desktop</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Working with your desktop</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing your settings</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-gnome-accessibility.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Assistive technologies</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-gnome-manage.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Connectivity, files and resources</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-gnome-network.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing network resources</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-gnome-print.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing printers</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-userbackup.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Backing up user data</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Passwords and Keys</span>: signing and encrypting data</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-lo.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-lo-oview.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice: the office suite</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-lo-writer.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Writer</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-lo-calc.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Calc</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-lo-various.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Impress, Base, Draw, and Math</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-communication.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Internet and communication</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-firefox.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Firefox</span>: browsing the Web</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-gnome-evolution.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Evolution</span>: e-mailing and calendaring</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-gnome-pidgin.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Pidgin</span>: instant messaging</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-ekiga.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Ekiga</span>: using voice over IP</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-graphics.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Graphics and multimedia</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-gimp.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">GIMP</span>: manipulating graphics</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-gnome-totem.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">GNOME Videos</span></span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="cha-userhelp.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">Help and documentation</span></a></li><li><a href="bk04apb.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">B </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></li> </ol> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-gnome-user" data-id-title="GNOME User Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">GNOME User Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_gnome-user.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p>
     This guide introduces the GNOME desktop of <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span>.
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-gnome-user.html" target="_blank">Revision History: GNOME User Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-gnome-user.html" target="_blank">Revision History: GNOME User Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="pre-gnome-about.html"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="pre-gnome-about.html#id-1.6.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="pre-gnome-about.html#id-1.6.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="pre-gnome-about.html#id-1.6.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="pre-gnome-about.html#id-1.6.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-gnome-desktop.html"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Getting started with the GNOME desktop</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html#sec-gnome-login"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Logging in</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html#sec-gnome-desktop"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Desktop basics</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html#sec-gnomeuser-start-logout"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Pausing or finishing your session</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Working with your desktop</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-nautilus"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Managing files and directories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-media"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing removable media</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-search-files"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Searching for files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-cutnpaste"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Copying text between applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-connections"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Managing Internet connections</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-internet"><span class="title-number">2.6 </span><span class="title-name">Exploring the Internet</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-mail"><span class="title-number">2.7 </span><span class="title-name">E-mail and scheduling</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-oo"><span class="title-number">2.8 </span><span class="title-name">Opening or creating documents with LibreOffice</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-power-mgmt"><span class="title-number">2.9 </span><span class="title-name">Controlling your desktop’s power management</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-archives"><span class="title-number">2.10 </span><span class="title-name">Creating, displaying, and decompressing archives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-screnshots"><span class="title-number">2.11 </span><span class="title-name">Taking screenshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-pdfs"><span class="title-number">2.12 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing PDF files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-updates"><span class="title-number">2.13 </span><span class="title-name">Obtaining software updates</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-use.html#sec-gnomeuser-use-more"><span class="title-number">2.14 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing your settings</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-look-deskback"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the desktop background</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-lang"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring language settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-keyboard"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the keyboard</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-xmodmap"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using <span class="productname">XCompose</span> to type special
         characters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-bluetooth"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring Bluetooth settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-power"><span class="title-number">3.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring power settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-mouse"><span class="title-number">3.7 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the mouse and touchpad</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-printer"><span class="title-number">3.8 </span><span class="title-name">Installing and configuring printers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-screen"><span class="title-number">3.9 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring screens</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-audio"><span class="title-number">3.10 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring sound settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-prefapps"><span class="title-number">3.11 </span><span class="title-name">Setting default applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-settings.html#sec-gnome-settings-share"><span class="title-number">3.12 </span><span class="title-name">Setting session sharing preferences</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnome-accessibility.html"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Assistive technologies</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-accessibility.html#sec-general-accessibility-enable"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling assistive technologies</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-accessibility.html#sec-general-accessibility-visual"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Visual assistance</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-accessibility.html#sec-general-accessibility-hearing"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Hearing assistance</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-accessibility.html#sec-general-accessibility-mobility"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">Keyboard and mouse</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-accessibility.html#sec-general-accessibility-more"><span class="title-number">4.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-gnome-manage.html"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Connectivity, files and resources</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnome-network.html"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing network resources</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-network.html#sec-gnomeuser-start-network-connect"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Connecting to a network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-network.html#sec-gnome-network-general"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">General notes on file sharing and network browsing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-network.html#sec-gnome-network-accshare"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing network shares</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-network.html#sec-gnome-network-smbshare"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Sharing directories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-network.html#sec-gnome-network-ad-data"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">Managing Windows files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-network.html#sec-gnome-network-ad-printer"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring and accessing a Windows network printer</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnome-print.html"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing printers</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-print.html#sec-gnome-print-inst"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installing a printer</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-print.html#id-1.6.4.4.5"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying printer settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-print.html#id-1.6.4.4.6"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Canceling print jobs</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-userbackup.html"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Backing up user data</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-userbackup.html#sec-gnome-backup-config"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring backups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-userbackup.html#sec-gnome-backup-start"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating backups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-userbackup.html#cha-userbackup-restore"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Restoring data</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Passwords and Keys</span>: signing and encrypting data</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#sec-gnome-crypto-sign-encrypt"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Signing and encryption</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#cha-gnome-crypto-gen-key"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Generating a new key pair</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#cha-gnome-crypto-modify-key"><span class="title-number">8.3 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying key properties</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#cha-gnome-crypto-import-key"><span class="title-number">8.4 </span><span class="title-name">Importing keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#cha-gnome-crypto-export-key"><span class="title-number">8.5 </span><span class="title-name">Exporting keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#cha-gnome-crypto-sign-key"><span class="title-number">8.6 </span><span class="title-name">Signing a key</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#cha-gnome-crypto-prefs-keyrings"><span class="title-number">8.7 </span><span class="title-name">Password keyrings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#cha-gnome-crypto-prefs-servers"><span class="title-number">8.8 </span><span class="title-name">Key servers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-crypto.html#cha-gnome-crypto-prefs-sharing"><span class="title-number">8.9 </span><span class="title-name">Key sharing</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-lo.html"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice: the office suite</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-oview-modules"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-oview-start"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Starting LibreOffice</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-interface"><span class="title-number">9.3 </span><span class="title-name">The LibreOffice user interface</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-oview-migration"><span class="title-number">9.4 </span><span class="title-name">Compatibility with other office applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-oview-passwd"><span class="title-number">9.5 </span><span class="title-name">Saving files with a password</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-oview-cust"><span class="title-number">9.6 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing LibreOffice</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-oview-global"><span class="title-number">9.7 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the global settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-oview-templates"><span class="title-number">9.8 </span><span class="title-name">Using templates</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-overview-properties"><span class="title-number">9.9 </span><span class="title-name">Setting metadata and properties</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-oview.html#sec-lo-oview-help"><span class="title-number">9.10 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-lo-writer.html"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Writer</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-writer.html#sec-lo-writer-createnew"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a new document</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-writer.html#sec-lo-writer-styles"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Formatting with styles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-writer.html#sec-lo-writer-largedocs"><span class="title-number">10.3 </span><span class="title-name">Working with large documents</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-writer.html#sec-lo-writer-html"><span class="title-number">10.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using Writer as an HTML editor</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-lo-calc.html"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Calc</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-calc.html#sec-lo-calc-createnew"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a new document</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-calc.html#sec-lo-calc-styles"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using formatting and styles in Calc</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-calc.html#sec-lo-calc-sheets"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Working with sheets</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-calc.html#sec-lo-calc-condformat"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Conditional formatting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-calc.html#sec-lo-calc-grouping"><span class="title-number">11.5 </span><span class="title-name">Grouping and ungrouping cells</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-calc.html#sec-lo-calc-freezing"><span class="title-number">11.6 </span><span class="title-name">Freezing rows or columns as headers</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-lo-various.html"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Impress, Base, Draw, and Math</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-various.html#sec-lo-various-impress"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using presentations with <span class="productname">Impress</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-various.html#sec-lo-various-base"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using databases with <span class="guimenu">Base</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-various.html#sec-lo-various-draw"><span class="title-number">12.3 </span><span class="title-name">Creating graphics with <span class="guimenu">Draw</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lo-various.html#sec-lo-various-math"><span class="title-number">12.4 </span><span class="title-name">Creating mathematical formulas with <span class="productname">Math</span>
   </span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-communication.html"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Internet and communication</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-firefox.html"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Firefox</span>: browsing the Web</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-start"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">Firefox</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-navigating"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Navigating Web sites</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-findinfo"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">Finding information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-bookmarks"><span class="title-number">13.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing bookmarks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-downloadmanager"><span class="title-number">13.5 </span><span class="title-name">Using the download manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-security"><span class="title-number">13.6 </span><span class="title-name">Security</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-customizing"><span class="title-number">13.7 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing <span class="productname">Firefox</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-printing"><span class="title-number">13.8 </span><span class="title-name">Printing from <span class="productname">Firefox</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-firefox.html#sec-firefox-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">13.9 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnome-evolution.html"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Evolution</span>: e-mailing and calendaring</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-evolution.html#sec-gnome-evolution-first-start"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">Evolution</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-evolution.html#sec-gnome-evolution-first-start-setup-assistant"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setup assistant</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-evolution.html#sec-gnome-evolution-usage"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Using <span class="productname">Evolution</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-evolution.html#sec-evolution-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnome-pidgin.html"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Pidgin</span>: instant messaging</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-pidgin.html#sec-gnome-pidgin-start"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">Pidgin</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-pidgin.html#sec-gnome-pidgin-configure"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring accounts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-pidgin.html#sec-gnome-pidgin-buddy-list"><span class="title-number">15.3 </span><span class="title-name">Managing contacts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-pidgin.html#sec-gnome-pidgin-chat"><span class="title-number">15.4 </span><span class="title-name">Chatting with friends</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-pidgin.html#sec-gnome-pidgin-more"><span class="title-number">15.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-ekiga.html"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Ekiga</span>: using voice over IP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ekiga.html#sec-ekiga-start"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">Ekiga</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ekiga.html#sec-ekiga-configure"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring <span class="productname">Ekiga</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ekiga.html#sec-ekiga-ui"><span class="title-number">16.3 </span><span class="title-name">The <span class="productname">Ekiga</span> user interface</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ekiga.html#sec-ekiga-firstcall"><span class="title-number">16.4 </span><span class="title-name">Making a call</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ekiga.html#sec-ekiga-answer"><span class="title-number">16.5 </span><span class="title-name">Answering a call</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ekiga.html#sec-ekiga-calladd"><span class="title-number">16.6 </span><span class="title-name">Using the address book</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ekiga.html#sec-ekiga-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">16.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-graphics.html"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Graphics and multimedia</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gimp.html"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">GIMP</span>: manipulating graphics</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gimp.html#sec-gimp-graphics"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name">Graphics formats</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gimp.html#sec-gimp-starting"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">GIMP</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gimp.html#sec-gimp-starting-defaultwin"><span class="title-number">17.3 </span><span class="title-name">User interface overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gimp.html#sec-gimp-getstart"><span class="title-number">17.4 </span><span class="title-name">Getting started</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gimp.html#sec-gimp-saving"><span class="title-number">17.5 </span><span class="title-name">Saving and exporting images</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gimp.html#sec-gimp-basics"><span class="title-number">17.6 </span><span class="title-name">Editing images</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gimp.html#sec-gimp-printing"><span class="title-number">17.7 </span><span class="title-name">Printing images</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gimp.html#sec-gimp-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">17.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-gnome-totem.html"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">GNOME Videos</span></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-totem.html#sec-gnome-totem-using"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using <span class="guimenu">GNOME Videos</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-gnome-totem.html#sec-gnome-totem-prefs"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying <span class="guimenu">GNOME Videos</span> preferences</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="cha-userhelp.html"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">Help and documentation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-userhelp.html#sec-help-onboard-yelp"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using GNOME Help</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-userhelp.html#sec-help-furtherdoc"><span class="title-number">A.2 </span><span class="title-name">Additional help resources</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-userhelp.html#sec-help-more"><span class="title-number">A.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="bk04apb.html"><span class="title-number">B </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="bk04apb.html#id-1.6.9.4"><span class="title-number">B.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html#id-1.6.3.3.5.4"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Default GNOME login screen</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html#id-1.6.3.3.5.6.3.2.2"><span class="number">1.2 </span><span class="name">Default GNOME login screen—session type</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html#id-1.6.3.3.6.4"><span class="number">1.3 </span><span class="name">GNOME desktop with activities overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html#id-1.6.3.3.6.5.4.3"><span class="number">1.4 </span><span class="name"><span class="guimenu">Activities</span> overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-gnomeuser-start.html#id-1.6.3.3.6.5.5.2"><span class="number">1.5 </span><span class="name"><span class="guimenu">Application</span> menu for
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-installation/article-installation.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-installation/article-installation.html
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 });
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_installation-sleds.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">Installation Quick Start</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">Installation Quick Start</div> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="article" id="article-installation" data-id-title="Installation Quick Start"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">Installation Quick Start <a title="Permalink" class="permalink" href="article-installation.html#">#</a></h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_installation-sleds.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>
-    January 06, 2025
+    January 07, 2025
 
    </div><div><div class="abstract"><p>
     This Quick Start guides you step by step
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-installation/index.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-installation/index.html
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@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
 });
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_installation-sleds.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">Installation Quick Start</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">Installation Quick Start</div> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="article" id="article-installation" data-id-title="Installation Quick Start"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">Installation Quick Start <a title="Permalink" class="permalink" href="article-installation.html#">#</a></h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_installation-sleds.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>
-    January 06, 2025
+    January 07, 2025
 
    </div><div><div class="abstract"><p>
     This Quick Start guides you step by step
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-modules/article-modules.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-modules/article-modules.html
index ec11992707..dc7e7345c3 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-modules/article-modules.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-modules/article-modules.html
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@
 });
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_modules.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">Modules and Extensions Quick Start</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">Modules and Extensions Quick Start</div> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="article" id="article-modules" data-id-title="Modules and Extensions Quick Start"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div><h1 class="title">Modules and Extensions Quick Start</h1></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>
-    January 06, 2025
+    January 07, 2025
 
    </div><div><div class="abstract"><p>
         This Quick Start gives you an overview of the
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-modules/index.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-modules/index.html
index ec11992707..dc7e7345c3 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-modules/index.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-modules/index.html
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@
 });
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_modules.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">Modules and Extensions Quick Start</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">Modules and Extensions Quick Start</div> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="article" id="article-modules" data-id-title="Modules and Extensions Quick Start"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div><h1 class="title">Modules and Extensions Quick Start</h1></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>
-    January 06, 2025
+    January 07, 2025
 
    </div><div><div class="abstract"><p>
         This Quick Start gives you an overview of the
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-raspberry-pi/article-raspberry-pi.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-raspberry-pi/article-raspberry-pi.html
index beff59daf7..ed7c0c01d1 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-raspberry-pi/article-raspberry-pi.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-raspberry-pi/article-raspberry-pi.html
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@
 });
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_raspberry-pi.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">Raspberry Pi Quick Start</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">Raspberry Pi Quick Start</div> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="article" id="article-raspberry-pi" data-id-title="Raspberry Pi Quick Start"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for Arm</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div><h1 class="title">Raspberry Pi Quick Start</h1></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>
-    January 06, 2025
+    January 07, 2025
 
    </div><div><div class="abstract"><p>
     This guide contains an overview of <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for Arm</span></span> on the Raspberry Pi*
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-raspberry-pi/index.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-raspberry-pi/index.html
index beff59daf7..ed7c0c01d1 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-raspberry-pi/index.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-raspberry-pi/index.html
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@
 });
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_raspberry-pi.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">Raspberry Pi Quick Start</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">Raspberry Pi Quick Start</div> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="article" id="article-raspberry-pi" data-id-title="Raspberry Pi Quick Start"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for Arm</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div><h1 class="title">Raspberry Pi Quick Start</h1></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>
-    January 06, 2025
+    January 07, 2025
 
    </div><div><div class="abstract"><p>
     This guide contains an overview of <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for Arm</span></span> on the Raspberry Pi*
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-rmt/book-rmt.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-rmt/book-rmt.html
index c1ba40aaeb..4134771b6c 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-rmt/book-rmt.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-rmt/book-rmt.html
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_rmt.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">RMT Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">RMT Guide</div><ol><li><a href="rmt-preface.html" class=" "><span class="title-number"> </span><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></li><li><a href="rmt-overview.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-rmt-installation.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">RMT installation and configuration</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-rmt-migrate.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Migrate from SMT to RMT</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-rmt-mirroring.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Mirroring repositories on the RMT server</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-rmt-client.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring clients to use RMT</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-rmt-tools.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">RMT tools and configuration files</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-rmt-backup.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Backing up an RMT server</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-manage-certificates.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Managing TLS/SSL certificates</span></a></li><li><a href="rmt-public-cloud.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Deploying a SUSE Linux Enterprise Server instance to support RMT in the public cloud</span></a></li><li><a href="bk08apa.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></li> </ol> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-rmt" data-id-title="Repository Mirroring Tool Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">Repository Mirroring Tool Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_rmt.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p>
        An administrator's guide to Repository Mirroring Tool—a proxy system
    for SUSE Customer Center with repository and registration targets.
-     </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-rmt.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Repository Mirroring Tool Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+     </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-rmt.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Repository Mirroring Tool Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="rmt-preface.html"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="rmt-preface.html#id-1.10.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="rmt-preface.html#id-1.10.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="rmt-preface.html#id-1.10.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="rmt-preface.html#id-1.10.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="rmt-overview.html"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-rmt-installation.html"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">RMT installation and configuration</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-installation.html#sec-rmt-storage-requirements"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Storage requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-installation.html#sec-rmt-installation-yast"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation during system installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-installation.html#sec-rmt-installation-zypper"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installation on an existing system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-installation.html#sec-rmt-deploy-kubernetes"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Deploying RMT on top of the Kubernetes cluster</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-installation.html#sec-rmt-installation-yast-configuration"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">RMT configuration with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-installation.html#id-1.10.4.9"><span class="title-number">2.6 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling SLP announcements</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-rmt-migrate.html"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Migrate from SMT to RMT</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-migrate.html#sec-rmt-migrate-notes"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Important notes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-migrate.html#sec-rmt-migrate-smt-export"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Exporting SMT data</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-migrate.html#sec-rmt-migrate-rmt-import"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Importing SMT data to RMT</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-rmt-mirroring.html"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Mirroring repositories on the RMT server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-mirroring.html#sec-rmt-mirroring-credentials"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Mirroring credentials</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-mirroring.html#sec-rmt-mirroring-synchronization"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Synchronizing repository metadata</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-mirroring.html#sec-rmt-mirroring-mirroring"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Mirroring packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-mirroring.html#sec-rmt-mirroring-enable-disable"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling and disabling mirroring of repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-mirroring.html#sec-rmt-mirroring-delete"><span class="title-number">4.5 </span><span class="title-name">Deleting mirrored data</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-mirroring.html#sec-rmt-mirroring-custom-repository"><span class="title-number">4.6 </span><span class="title-name">Adding custom repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-mirroring.html#sec-rmt-mirroring-export-import"><span class="title-number">4.7 </span><span class="title-name">Exporting and importing repositories</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-rmt-client.html"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring clients to use RMT</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-client.html#sec-rmt-client-parameters"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring clients with boot parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-client.html#sec-rmt-client-autoyast"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring clients with AutoYaST profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-client.html#sec-rmt-client-clientsetupscript"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring clients with <code class="command">rmt-client-setup</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-client.html#sec-rmt-client-yast"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring clients with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-client.html#rmt-client-custom-repo"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring clients for custom stand-alone repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-client.html#sec-rmt-client-list-repositories"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Listing accessible repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-client.html#sec-rmt-client-online-migration"><span class="title-number">5.7 </span><span class="title-name">Online migration of SUSE Linux Enterprise clients</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-rmt-tools.html"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">RMT tools and configuration files</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-tools.html#sec-rmt-tools-rmt-cli"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">RMT command line interface (<code class="command">rmt-cli</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-tools.html#sec-rmt-tools-systemd"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">RMT <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-tools.html#sec-rmt-config"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">RMT configuration files</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-rmt-backup.html"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Backing up an RMT server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-backup.html#sec-rmt-backup-create"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a backup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-backup.html#sec-rmt-backup-restore"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Restoring a backup</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-manage-certificates.html"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Managing TLS/SSL certificates</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-manage-certificates.html#cha-manage-certificates-https"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Regenerating HTTPS certificates</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-manage-certificates.html#cha-manage-certificates-ca"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Regenerating CA certificates and HTTPS certificates</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="rmt-public-cloud.html"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Deploying a SUSE Linux Enterprise Server instance to support RMT in the public cloud</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="rmt-public-cloud.html#sec-rmt-byos-image"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using a bring-your-own-subscription image</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="rmt-public-cloud.html#id-1.10.11.7"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Considerations when using RMT</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="rmt-public-cloud.html#id-1.10.11.8"><span class="title-number">9.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="bk08apa.html"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="bk08apa.html#id-1.10.12.4"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="rmt-overview.html#id-1.10.3.7"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">RMT</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-rmt-installation.html#id-1.10.4.5.3"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">RMT pattern</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-rmt-installation.html#id-1.10.4.8.3.5.2"><span class="number">2.2 </span><span class="name">Enabling ports in <code class="systemitem">firewalld</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="rmt-public-cloud.html#id-1.10.11.5"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">An example of cloud architecture for RMT deployment</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="rmt-public-cloud.html#id-1.10.11.6.3.3"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name">Google Cloud</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="rmt-public-cloud.html#id-1.10.11.6.3.4"><span class="number">9.3 </span><span class="name">Amazon Web Services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="rmt-public-cloud.html#id-1.10.11.6.3.5"><span class="number">9.4 </span><span class="name">Microsoft Azure</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-rmt-migrate.html#sec-rmt-migrate-notes-features"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">Feature comparison</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.10.1.6"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-rmt/index.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-rmt/index.html
index c1ba40aaeb..4134771b6c 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-rmt/index.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-rmt/index.html
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_rmt.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">RMT Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">RMT Guide</div><ol><li><a href="rmt-preface.html" class=" "><span class="title-number"> </span><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></li><li><a href="rmt-overview.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-rmt-installation.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">RMT installation and configuration</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-rmt-migrate.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Migrate from SMT to RMT</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-rmt-mirroring.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Mirroring repositories on the RMT server</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-rmt-client.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring clients to use RMT</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-rmt-tools.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">RMT tools and configuration files</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-rmt-backup.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Backing up an RMT server</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-manage-certificates.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Managing TLS/SSL certificates</span></a></li><li><a href="rmt-public-cloud.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Deploying a SUSE Linux Enterprise Server instance to support RMT in the public cloud</span></a></li><li><a href="bk08apa.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></li> </ol> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-rmt" data-id-title="Repository Mirroring Tool Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">Repository Mirroring Tool Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_rmt.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p>
        An administrator's guide to Repository Mirroring Tool—a proxy system
    for SUSE Customer Center with repository and registration targets.
-     </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-rmt.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Repository Mirroring Tool Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+     </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-rmt.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Repository Mirroring Tool Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="rmt-preface.html"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="rmt-preface.html#id-1.10.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="rmt-preface.html#id-1.10.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="rmt-preface.html#id-1.10.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="rmt-preface.html#id-1.10.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="rmt-overview.html"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-rmt-installation.html"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">RMT installation and configuration</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-installation.html#sec-rmt-storage-requirements"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Storage requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-installation.html#sec-rmt-installation-yast"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation during system installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-installation.html#sec-rmt-installation-zypper"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installation on an existing system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-installation.html#sec-rmt-deploy-kubernetes"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Deploying RMT on top of the Kubernetes cluster</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-installation.html#sec-rmt-installation-yast-configuration"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">RMT configuration with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-installation.html#id-1.10.4.9"><span class="title-number">2.6 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling SLP announcements</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-rmt-migrate.html"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Migrate from SMT to RMT</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-migrate.html#sec-rmt-migrate-notes"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Important notes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-migrate.html#sec-rmt-migrate-smt-export"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Exporting SMT data</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-migrate.html#sec-rmt-migrate-rmt-import"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Importing SMT data to RMT</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-rmt-mirroring.html"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Mirroring repositories on the RMT server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-mirroring.html#sec-rmt-mirroring-credentials"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Mirroring credentials</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-mirroring.html#sec-rmt-mirroring-synchronization"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Synchronizing repository metadata</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-mirroring.html#sec-rmt-mirroring-mirroring"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Mirroring packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-mirroring.html#sec-rmt-mirroring-enable-disable"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling and disabling mirroring of repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-mirroring.html#sec-rmt-mirroring-delete"><span class="title-number">4.5 </span><span class="title-name">Deleting mirrored data</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-mirroring.html#sec-rmt-mirroring-custom-repository"><span class="title-number">4.6 </span><span class="title-name">Adding custom repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-mirroring.html#sec-rmt-mirroring-export-import"><span class="title-number">4.7 </span><span class="title-name">Exporting and importing repositories</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-rmt-client.html"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring clients to use RMT</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-client.html#sec-rmt-client-parameters"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring clients with boot parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-client.html#sec-rmt-client-autoyast"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring clients with AutoYaST profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-client.html#sec-rmt-client-clientsetupscript"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring clients with <code class="command">rmt-client-setup</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-client.html#sec-rmt-client-yast"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring clients with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-client.html#rmt-client-custom-repo"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring clients for custom stand-alone repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-client.html#sec-rmt-client-list-repositories"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Listing accessible repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-client.html#sec-rmt-client-online-migration"><span class="title-number">5.7 </span><span class="title-name">Online migration of SUSE Linux Enterprise clients</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-rmt-tools.html"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">RMT tools and configuration files</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-tools.html#sec-rmt-tools-rmt-cli"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">RMT command line interface (<code class="command">rmt-cli</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-tools.html#sec-rmt-tools-systemd"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">RMT <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-tools.html#sec-rmt-config"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">RMT configuration files</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-rmt-backup.html"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Backing up an RMT server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-backup.html#sec-rmt-backup-create"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a backup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-rmt-backup.html#sec-rmt-backup-restore"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Restoring a backup</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-manage-certificates.html"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Managing TLS/SSL certificates</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-manage-certificates.html#cha-manage-certificates-https"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Regenerating HTTPS certificates</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-manage-certificates.html#cha-manage-certificates-ca"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Regenerating CA certificates and HTTPS certificates</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="rmt-public-cloud.html"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Deploying a SUSE Linux Enterprise Server instance to support RMT in the public cloud</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="rmt-public-cloud.html#sec-rmt-byos-image"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using a bring-your-own-subscription image</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="rmt-public-cloud.html#id-1.10.11.7"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Considerations when using RMT</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="rmt-public-cloud.html#id-1.10.11.8"><span class="title-number">9.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="bk08apa.html"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="bk08apa.html#id-1.10.12.4"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="rmt-overview.html#id-1.10.3.7"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">RMT</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-rmt-installation.html#id-1.10.4.5.3"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">RMT pattern</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-rmt-installation.html#id-1.10.4.8.3.5.2"><span class="number">2.2 </span><span class="name">Enabling ports in <code class="systemitem">firewalld</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="rmt-public-cloud.html#id-1.10.11.5"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">An example of cloud architecture for RMT deployment</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="rmt-public-cloud.html#id-1.10.11.6.3.3"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name">Google Cloud</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="rmt-public-cloud.html#id-1.10.11.6.3.4"><span class="number">9.3 </span><span class="name">Amazon Web Services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="rmt-public-cloud.html#id-1.10.11.6.3.5"><span class="number">9.4 </span><span class="name">Microsoft Azure</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-rmt-migrate.html#sec-rmt-migrate-notes-features"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">Feature comparison</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.10.1.6"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-security/book-security.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-security/book-security.html
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 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_security.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">Security and Hardening Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">Security and Hardening Guide</div><ol><li><a href="preface-security.html" class=" "><span class="title-number"> </span><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Security and confidentiality</span></a></li><li><a href="part-auth.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Authentication</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-pam.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Authentication with PAM</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-nis.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Using NIS</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-auth.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up authentication clients using YaST</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-ldap.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">LDAP with 389 Directory Server</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Network authentication with Kerberos</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-ad.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Active Directory support</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-freeradius.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a freeRADIUS server</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-local-security.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Local security</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-physical-security.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Physical security</span></a></li><li><a href="sec-sec-software-management.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Software management</span></a></li><li><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">File management</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-cryptofs.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Encrypting partitions and files</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Storage encryption for hosted applications with cryptctl</span></a></li><li><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">User management</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-sec-cron-at.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting <code class="systemitem">cron</code> and <code class="systemitem">at</code></span></a></li><li><a href="cha-spectre.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Spectre/Meltdown checker</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring security settings with YaST</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-polkit.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">The Polkit authentication framework</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-acls.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">Access control lists in Linux</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-aide.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">Intrusion detection with AIDE</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-network-security.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Network security</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-xauth.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name">X Window System and X authentication</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-ssh.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">22 </span><span class="title-name">Securing network operations with OpenSSH</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-firewall.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">23 </span><span class="title-name">Masquerading and firewalls</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">24 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a VPN server</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-xca.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">25 </span><span class="title-name">Managing a PKI with XCA, X certificate and key manager</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-sec-sysctl.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">26 </span><span class="title-name">Improving network security with <code class="command">sysctl</code> variables</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-compliance.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Regulations and Compliance</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-common-criteria.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">27 </span><span class="title-name">Common Criteria</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-fips.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">28 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling compliance with FIPS 140-3</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-pci-dss.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">29 </span><span class="title-name">Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS)</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-stig.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">30 </span><span class="title-name">Hardening SUSE Linux Enterprise with STIG</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-apparmor.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Confining privileges with <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-apparmor-intro.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">31 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-start.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">32 </span><span class="title-name">Getting started</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-concept.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">33 </span><span class="title-name">Immunizing programs</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">34 </span><span class="title-name">Profile components and syntax</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-repos.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">35 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile repositories</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-yast.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">36 </span><span class="title-name">Building and managing profiles with YaST</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">37 </span><span class="title-name">Building profiles from the command line</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-hat.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">38 </span><span class="title-name">Profiling your Web applications using ChangeHat</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-pam.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">39 </span><span class="title-name">Confining users with <code class="systemitem">pam_apparmor</code></span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-managing.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">40 </span><span class="title-name">Managing profiled applications</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-support.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">41 </span><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-glossary.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">42 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> glossary</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-selinux.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">SELinux</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-selinux.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">43 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring SELinux</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-audit.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">VII </span><span class="title-name">The Linux Audit Framework</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-audit-comp.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">44 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding Linux audit</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-audit-setup.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">45 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up the Linux audit framework</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">46 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing an audit rule set</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-audit-moreinfo.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">47 </span><span class="title-name">Useful resources</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="bk06apa.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></li> </ol> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-security" data-id-title="Security and Hardening Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">Security and Hardening Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_security.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p> This guide introduces basic concepts of system
      security and describes the usage of security software included with the product,
      such as <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span>, SELinux, or the auditing system. The guide also supports system
-     administrators in hardening an installation. </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-security.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Security and Hardening Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+     administrators in hardening an installation. </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-security.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Security and Hardening Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="preface-security.html"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-security.html#id-1.8.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-security.html#id-1.8.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-security.html#id-1.8.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-security.html#id-1.8.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security.html"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Security and confidentiality</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-overview"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-passwords"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Passwords</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-sec-prot-general-backups"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Backups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-integrity"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">System integrity</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-file-access"><span class="title-number">1.5 </span><span class="title-name">File access</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-network"><span class="title-number">1.6 </span><span class="title-name">Networking</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-vulnerabilities"><span class="title-number">1.7 </span><span class="title-name">Software vulnerabilities</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-malware"><span class="title-number">1.8 </span><span class="title-name">Malware</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-tips"><span class="title-number">1.9 </span><span class="title-name">Important security tips</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-general-report"><span class="title-number">1.10 </span><span class="title-name">Reporting security issues</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-auth.html"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Authentication</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-pam.html"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Authentication with PAM</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-pam.html#sec-security-pam-whatis"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">What is PAM?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-pam.html#sec-pam-struc-files"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Structure of a PAM configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-pam.html#sec-pam-struc-format"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">The PAM configuration of sshd</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-pam.html#sec-pam-struc-conf"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration of PAM modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-pam.html#sec-pam-pam-config"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring PAM using pam-config</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-pam.html#sec-pam-manual-config"><span class="title-number">2.6 </span><span class="title-name">Manually configuring PAM</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-pam.html#sec-pam-login"><span class="title-number">2.7 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring  U2F keys for local login</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-pam.html#sec-pam-info"><span class="title-number">2.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-nis.html"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Using NIS</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nis.html#sec-nis-server"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring NIS servers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nis.html#sec-nis-client"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring NIS clients</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-auth.html"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up authentication clients using YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-auth.html#sec-security-auth-yast-client"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring an authentication client with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-auth.html#sec-security-auth-sssd"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">SSSD</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">LDAP with 389 Directory Server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-tree"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Structure of an LDAP directory tree</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-docker-container"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating and managing a Docker container for 389 Directory Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-server-install"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing 389 Directory Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-firewall"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Firewall configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-backup"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">Backing up and restoring 389 Directory Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-server-users"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing LDAP users and groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-modules"><span class="title-number">5.7 </span><span class="title-name">Managing plug-ins</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-server-sssd"><span class="title-number">5.8 </span><span class="title-name">Using SSSD to manage LDAP authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-migrate"><span class="title-number">5.9 </span><span class="title-name">Migrating to 389 Directory Server from OpenLDAP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-server-ca"><span class="title-number">5.10 </span><span class="title-name">Importing TLS server certificates and keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-replication"><span class="title-number">5.11 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up replication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-active-directory-sync"><span class="title-number">5.12 </span><span class="title-name">Synchronizing with Microsoft Active Directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-info"><span class="title-number">5.13 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Network authentication with Kerberos</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html#sec-security-kerberos-overview"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html#sec-security-kerberos-terms"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Kerberos terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html#sec-security-kerberos-how"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">How Kerberos works</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html#sec-security-kerberos-users"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">User view of Kerberos</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html#sec-security-kerberos-admin"><span class="title-number">6.5 </span><span class="title-name">Installing and administering Kerberos</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html#sec-security-kerberos-nfs"><span class="title-number">6.6 </span><span class="title-name">Kerberos and NFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html#sec-security-kerberos-info"><span class="title-number">6.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-ad.html"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Active Directory support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#sec-security-ad-integrate"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Integrating Linux and Active Directory environments</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#sec-security-ad-background"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Background information for Linux Active Directory support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#sec-security-ad-config"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a Linux client for Active Directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#sec-security-ad-login"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Logging in to an Active Directory domain</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#sec-security-ad-passwd"><span class="title-number">7.5 </span><span class="title-name">Changing passwords</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#sec-active-directory-certificate-auto-enrollment"><span class="title-number">7.6 </span><span class="title-name">Active Directory certificate auto-enrollment</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-freeradius.html"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a freeRADIUS server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-freeradius.html#sec-test-radiusd"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installation and testing on <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-local-security.html"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Local security</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-physical-security.html"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Physical security</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-physical-security.html#sec-sec-prot-general-physical-locks"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">System locks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-physical-security.html#sec-sec-prot-general-bios"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Locking down the BIOS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-physical-security.html#sec-sec-prot-general-bootloader"><span class="title-number">9.3 </span><span class="title-name">Security via the boot loaders</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-physical-security.html#sec-sec-prot-general-retiring"><span class="title-number">9.4 </span><span class="title-name">Retiring Linux servers with sensitive data</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-physical-security.html#sec-sec-prot-general-removable-media"><span class="title-number">9.5 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting access to removable media</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-physical-security.html#sec-USBGuard"><span class="title-number">9.6 </span><span class="title-name">System protection with enforced USB device authorization via <span class="emphasis"><em>USBGuard</em></span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="sec-sec-software-management.html"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Software management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-software-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-remove-packs"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">Removing unnecessary software packages (RPMs)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-software-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-patching"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Patching Linux systems</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">File management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-partitions"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Disk partitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-file-permissions"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying permissions of certain system files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-home-permissions"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Changing home directory permissions from 755 to 700</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-umask"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Default umask</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-s-bit"><span class="title-number">11.5 </span><span class="title-name">SUID/SGID files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-world-writable-files"><span class="title-number">11.6 </span><span class="title-name">World-writable files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-orphaned"><span class="title-number">11.7 </span><span class="title-name">Orphaned or unowned files</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-cryptofs.html"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Encrypting partitions and files</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-cryptofs.html#sec-security-cryptofs-y2"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an encrypted file system with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-cryptofs.html#sec-security-cryptofs-gpg"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">Encrypting files with GPG</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-cryptofs.html#sec-security-cryptofs-rage"><span class="title-number">12.3 </span><span class="title-name">Encrypting files with Rage</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Storage encryption for hosted applications with cryptctl</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#sec-configure-cryptctl-server"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a <code class="command">cryptctl</code> server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#sec-configure-cryptctl-client"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a <code class="command">cryptctl</code> client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#sec-cryptctl-luks-fstab"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring /etc/fstab for LUKS volumes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#sec-configure-cryptctl-status"><span class="title-number">13.4 </span><span class="title-name">Checking partition unlock status using server-side commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#sec-configure-cryptctl-unlock"><span class="title-number">13.5 </span><span class="title-name">Unlocking encrypted partitions manually</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#sec-configure-cryptctl-lock"><span class="title-number">13.6 </span><span class="title-name">Maintenance downtime procedure</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#sec-configure-cryptctl-ha"><span class="title-number">13.7 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an HA environment for cryptctl-server service</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#sec-configure-cryptctl-more"><span class="title-number">13.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">User management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-accounts"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">Various account checks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-pw-aging"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling password aging</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-pw-strength"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Stronger password enforcement</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-pam"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">Password and login management with PAM</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-restrict-root"><span class="title-number">14.5 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting <code class="systemitem">root</code> logins</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-restrict-sudo"><span class="title-number">14.6 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting <code class="command">sudo</code> users</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-inactivity-logout"><span class="title-number">14.7 </span><span class="title-name">Setting an inactivity timeout for interactive shell sessions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-dos"><span class="title-number">14.8 </span><span class="title-name">Preventing accidental denial of service</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-banners"><span class="title-number">14.9 </span><span class="title-name">Displaying login banners</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-misc-account-utils"><span class="title-number">14.10 </span><span class="title-name">Connection accounting utilities</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-sec-cron-at.html"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting <code class="systemitem">cron</code> and <code class="systemitem">at</code></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-sec-cron-at.html#id-1.8.5.8.2"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting the <code class="systemitem">cron</code> daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-sec-cron-at.html#id-1.8.5.8.3"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting the <code class="systemitem">at</code> scheduler</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-spectre.html"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Spectre/Meltdown checker</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-spectre.html#sec-spectre-meltdown-options"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using <code class="command">spectre-meltdown-checker</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-spectre.html#sec-spectre-meltdown-resources"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring security settings with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html#sec-security-yast-security-overview"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Security overview</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html#sec-security-yast-security-predefined-configs"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Predefined security configurations</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html#sec-security-yast-security-password"><span class="title-number">17.3 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Password settings</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html#sec-security-yast-security-boot"><span class="title-number">17.4 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Boot settings</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html#sec-security-yast-security-login"><span class="title-number">17.5 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Login settings</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html#sec-security-yast-security-user"><span class="title-number">17.6 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">User addition</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html#sec-security-yast-security-misc"><span class="title-number">17.7 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Miscellaneous settings</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-polkit.html"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">The Polkit authentication framework</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-polkit.html#sec-security-polkit-oview"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-polkit.html#sec-security-polkit-types"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">Authorization types</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-polkit.html#sec-security-polkit-query"><span class="title-number">18.3 </span><span class="title-name">Querying Privileges</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-polkit.html#sec-security-polkit-change-modify-config"><span class="title-number">18.4 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying Polkit Configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-polkit.html#sec-security-polkit-change-defaults"><span class="title-number">18.5 </span><span class="title-name">Restoring the SUSE default privileges</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-acls.html"><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">Access control lists in Linux</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#sec-security-acls-traditional"><span class="title-number">19.1 </span><span class="title-name">Traditional file permissions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#sec-security-acls-intro"><span class="title-number">19.2 </span><span class="title-name">Advantages of ACLs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#sec-security-acls-defs"><span class="title-number">19.3 </span><span class="title-name">Definitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#sec-security-acls-handle"><span class="title-number">19.4 </span><span class="title-name">Handling ACLs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#sec-security-acls-future"><span class="title-number">19.5 </span><span class="title-name">ACL support in applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#sec-security-acls-info"><span class="title-number">19.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-aide.html"><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">Intrusion detection with AIDE</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-aide.html#sec-aide-why"><span class="title-number">20.1 </span><span class="title-name">Why use AIDE?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-aide.html#sec-aide-setup"><span class="title-number">20.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an AIDE database</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-aide.html#sec-aide-check"><span class="title-number">20.3 </span><span class="title-name">Local AIDE checks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-aide.html#sec-aide-independent"><span class="title-number">20.4 </span><span class="title-name">System independent checking</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-aide.html#sec-aide-more"><span class="title-number">20.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-network-security.html"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Network security</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-xauth.html"><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name">X Window System and X authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-ssh.html"><span class="title-number">22 </span><span class="title-name">Securing network operations with OpenSSH</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-overview"><span class="title-number">22.1 </span><span class="title-name">OpenSSH overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-server-config"><span class="title-number">22.2 </span><span class="title-name">Server hardening</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-password-auth"><span class="title-number">22.3 </span><span class="title-name">Password authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-authentic-gen-key"><span class="title-number">22.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing user and host encryption keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-sshdserver-rotation"><span class="title-number">22.5 </span><span class="title-name">Rotating host keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-public-key-auth"><span class="title-number">22.6 </span><span class="title-name">Public key authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-passphrase-less-auth"><span class="title-number">22.7 </span><span class="title-name">Passphrase-less public key authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-certificate-auth"><span class="title-number">22.8 </span><span class="title-name">OpenSSH certificate authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-gnome-keyring"><span class="title-number">22.9 </span><span class="title-name">Automated public key logins with gnome-keyring</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-authentic-agent"><span class="title-number">22.10 </span><span class="title-name">Automated public key logins with ssh-agent</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-change-passphrase"><span class="title-number">22.11 </span><span class="title-name">Changing an SSH private key passphrase</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-get-key-fingerprint"><span class="title-number">22.12 </span><span class="title-name">Retrieving a key fingerprint</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-programm-x"><span class="title-number">22.13 </span><span class="title-name">Starting X11 applications on a remote host</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-programm-forwarding"><span class="title-number">22.14 </span><span class="title-name">Agent forwarding</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-copy"><span class="title-number">22.15 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">scp</code>—secure copy</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-sftp"><span class="title-number">22.16 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">sftp</code>—secure file transfer</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-port-forwarding"><span class="title-number">22.17 </span><span class="title-name">Port forwarding (SSH tunneling)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-security-ssh-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">22.18 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-security-ssh-fail2ban"><span class="title-number">22.19 </span><span class="title-name">Stopping SSH Brute Force Attacks with Fail2Ban</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html"><span class="title-number">23 </span><span class="title-name">Masquerading and firewalls</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#sec-security-firewall-iptables"><span class="title-number">23.1 </span><span class="title-name">Packet filtering with iptables</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#sec-security-firewall-masq"><span class="title-number">23.2 </span><span class="title-name">Masquerading basics</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#sec-security-firewall-fw"><span class="title-number">23.3 </span><span class="title-name">Firewalling basics</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#sec-security-firewall-firewalld"><span class="title-number">23.4 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">firewalld</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#sec-security-firewall-upgrade"><span class="title-number">23.5 </span><span class="title-name">Migrating from SuSEfirewall2</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#sec-security-firewall-info"><span class="title-number">23.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html"><span class="title-number">24 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a VPN server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#sec-security-vpn-overview"><span class="title-number">24.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#sec-security-vpn-simplest"><span class="title-number">24.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a simple test scenario</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#sec-security-vpn-ca"><span class="title-number">24.3 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up your VPN server using a certificate authority</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#sec-security-yastvpn"><span class="title-number">24.4 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a VPN server or client using YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#sec-security-vpn-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">24.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-xca.html"><span class="title-number">25 </span><span class="title-name">Managing a PKI with XCA, X certificate and key manager</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-xca.html#sec-security-xca-install"><span class="title-number">25.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installing XCA</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-xca.html#sec-security-xca-start"><span class="title-number">25.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a new PKI</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-sec-sysctl.html"><span class="title-number">26 </span><span class="title-name">Improving network security with <code class="command">sysctl</code> variables</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-compliance.html"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Regulations and Compliance</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-common-criteria.html"><span class="title-number">27 </span><span class="title-name">Common Criteria</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-common-criteria.html#sec-common-criteria-introduction"><span class="title-number">27.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-common-criteria.html#sec-common-criteria-eal"><span class="title-number">27.2 </span><span class="title-name">Evaluation Assurance Level (EAL)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-common-criteria.html#sec-common-criteria-principles"><span class="title-number">27.3 </span><span class="title-name">Generic guiding principles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-common-criteria.html#sec-common-criteria-more"><span class="title-number">27.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-fips.html"><span class="title-number">28 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling compliance with FIPS 140-3</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-fips.html#sec-fips-concept"><span class="title-number">28.1 </span><span class="title-name">FIPS overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-fips.html#sec-fips-use-case"><span class="title-number">28.2 </span><span class="title-name">When to enable FIPS mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-fips.html#sec-fips-install"><span class="title-number">28.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing FIPS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-fips.html#sec-how-to-fips-install"><span class="title-number">28.4 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling FIPS mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-fips.html#sec-fips-samba-cifs"><span class="title-number">28.5 </span><span class="title-name">MD5 not supported in Samba/CIFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-fips.html#sec-fips-more"><span class="title-number">28.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-pci-dss.html"><span class="title-number">29 </span><span class="title-name">Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-stig.html"><span class="title-number">30 </span><span class="title-name">Hardening SUSE Linux Enterprise with STIG</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-apparmor.html"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Confining privileges with <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-intro.html"><span class="title-number">31 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-intro.html#id-1.8.8.2.5"><span class="title-number">31.1 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> components</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-intro.html#sec-apparmor-intro-background"><span class="title-number">31.2 </span><span class="title-name">Background information on <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profiling</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-start.html"><span class="title-number">32 </span><span class="title-name">Getting started</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-start.html#sec-apparmor-start-install"><span class="title-number">32.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installing <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-start.html#sec-apparmor-start-enable"><span class="title-number">32.2 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling and disabling <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-start.html#sec-apparmor-start-choose"><span class="title-number">32.3 </span><span class="title-name">Choosing applications to profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-start.html#sec-apparmor-start-build"><span class="title-number">32.4 </span><span class="title-name">Building and modifying profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-start.html#sec-apparmor-start-update"><span class="title-number">32.5 </span><span class="title-name">Updating your profiles</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-concept.html"><span class="title-number">33 </span><span class="title-name">Immunizing programs</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-concept.html#sec-apparmor-concept-tools"><span class="title-number">33.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing the <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> framework</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-concept.html#sec-apparmor-concept-determine"><span class="title-number">33.2 </span><span class="title-name">Determining programs to immunize</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-concept.html#sec-apparmor-concept-cron"><span class="title-number">33.3 </span><span class="title-name">Immunizing <code class="systemitem">cron</code> jobs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-concept.html#sec-apparmor-concept-network"><span class="title-number">33.4 </span><span class="title-name">Immunizing network applications</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html"><span class="title-number">34 </span><span class="title-name">Profile components and syntax</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-parts"><span class="title-number">34.1 </span><span class="title-name">Breaking an <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile into its parts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-types"><span class="title-number">34.2 </span><span class="title-name">Profile types</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-includes"><span class="title-number">34.3 </span><span class="title-name">Include statements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-capabilities"><span class="title-number">34.4 </span><span class="title-name">Capability entries (POSIX.1e)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-nac"><span class="title-number">34.5 </span><span class="title-name">Network access control</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-glob"><span class="title-number">34.6 </span><span class="title-name">Profile names, flags, paths, and globbing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-perm"><span class="title-number">34.7 </span><span class="title-name">File permission access modes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-mount"><span class="title-number">34.8 </span><span class="title-name">Mount rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-pivot-root"><span class="title-number">34.9 </span><span class="title-name">Pivot root rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-ptrace"><span class="title-number">34.10 </span><span class="title-name">PTrace rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-signal"><span class="title-number">34.11 </span><span class="title-name">Signal rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-exec"><span class="title-number">34.12 </span><span class="title-name">Execute modes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-rlimit"><span class="title-number">34.13 </span><span class="title-name">Resource limit control</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-audit"><span class="title-number">34.14 </span><span class="title-name">Auditing rules</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-repos.html"><span class="title-number">35 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-yast.html"><span class="title-number">36 </span><span class="title-name">Building and managing profiles with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-yast.html#sec-apparmor-yast-add"><span class="title-number">36.1 </span><span class="title-name">Manually adding a profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-yast.html#sec-apparmor-yast-edit"><span class="title-number">36.2 </span><span class="title-name">Editing profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-yast.html#sec-apparmor-yast-del"><span class="title-number">36.3 </span><span class="title-name">Deleting a profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-yast.html#sec-apparmor-yast-manage"><span class="title-number">36.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html"><span class="title-number">37 </span><span class="title-name">Building profiles from the command line</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#sec-apparmor-commandline-status"><span class="title-number">37.1 </span><span class="title-name">Checking the <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> status</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#sec-apparmor-commandline-build"><span class="title-number">37.2 </span><span class="title-name">Building <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#sec-apparmor-commandline-add"><span class="title-number">37.3 </span><span class="title-name">Adding or creating an <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#sec-apparmor-commandline-edit"><span class="title-number">37.4 </span><span class="title-name">Editing an <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#sec-apparmor-commandline-unload"><span class="title-number">37.5 </span><span class="title-name">Unloading unknown <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#sec-apparmor-commandline-del"><span class="title-number">37.6 </span><span class="title-name">Deleting an <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#sec-apparmor-commandline-profiling"><span class="title-number">37.7 </span><span class="title-name">Two methods of profiling</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#sec-apparmor-commandline-filenames"><span class="title-number">37.8 </span><span class="title-name">Important file names and directories</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-hat.html"><span class="title-number">38 </span><span class="title-name">Profiling your Web applications using ChangeHat</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-hat.html#sec-apparmor-hat-config"><span class="title-number">38.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring Apache for <code class="systemitem">mod_apparmor</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-hat.html#sec-apparmor-hat-apache-managing"><span class="title-number">38.2 </span><span class="title-name">Managing ChangeHat-aware applications</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-pam.html"><span class="title-number">39 </span><span class="title-name">Confining users with <code class="systemitem">pam_apparmor</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-managing.html"><span class="title-number">40 </span><span class="title-name">Managing profiled applications</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-managing.html#sec-apparmor-managing-react"><span class="title-number">40.1 </span><span class="title-name">Reacting to security event rejections</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-managing.html#sec-apparmor-managing-maintain"><span class="title-number">40.2 </span><span class="title-name">Maintaining your security profiles</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-support.html"><span class="title-number">41 </span><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-support.html#sec-apparmor-support-updating"><span class="title-number">41.1 </span><span class="title-name">Updating <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> online</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-support.html#sec-apparmor-support-man"><span class="title-number">41.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using the man pages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-support.html#sec-apparmor-support-info"><span class="title-number">41.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-support.html#sec-apparmor-support-trouble"><span class="title-number">41.4 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-support.html#sec-apparmor-support-bugs"><span class="title-number">41.5 </span><span class="title-name">Reporting bugs for <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-glossary.html"><span class="title-number">42 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> glossary</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-selinux.html"><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">SELinux</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-selinux.html"><span class="title-number">43 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring SELinux</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-selinux.html#sec-selinux-why"><span class="title-number">43.1 </span><span class="title-name">Why use SELinux?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-selinux.html#sec-selinux-policy"><span class="title-number">43.2 </span><span class="title-name">SELinux policy overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-selinux.html#sec-selinux-install"><span class="title-number">43.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing SELinux packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-selinux.html#sec-selinux-getpolicy"><span class="title-number">43.4 </span><span class="title-name">Installing an SELinux policy</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-selinux.html#sec-selinux-mode-permissive"><span class="title-number">43.5 </span><span class="title-name">Putting SELinux into permissive mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-selinux.html#sec-selinux-mode-enforcing"><span class="title-number">43.6 </span><span class="title-name">Putting SELinux into enforcing mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-selinux.html#sec-selinux-configure"><span class="title-number">43.7 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring SELinux</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-selinux.html#sec-selinux-manage"><span class="title-number">43.8 </span><span class="title-name">Managing SELinux</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-selinux.html#sec-selinux-troubleshoot"><span class="title-number">43.9 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-audit.html"><span class="title-number">VII </span><span class="title-name">The Linux Audit Framework</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html"><span class="title-number">44 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding Linux audit</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-bigpicture"><span class="title-number">44.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing the components of Linux audit</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-auditd"><span class="title-number">44.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the audit daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-auditctl"><span class="title-number">44.3 </span><span class="title-name">Controlling the audit system using <code class="command">auditctl</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-rules"><span class="title-number">44.4 </span><span class="title-name">Passing parameters to the audit system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-aureport"><span class="title-number">44.5 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding the audit logs and generating reports</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-ausearch"><span class="title-number">44.6 </span><span class="title-name">Querying the audit daemon logs with <code class="command">ausearch</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-autrace"><span class="title-number">44.7 </span><span class="title-name">Analyzing processes with <code class="command">autrace</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-auviz"><span class="title-number">44.8 </span><span class="title-name">Visualizing audit data</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-audisp"><span class="title-number">44.9 </span><span class="title-name">Relaying audit event notifications</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-audit-setup.html"><span class="title-number">45 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up the Linux audit framework</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-setup.html#sec-audit-choose"><span class="title-number">45.1 </span><span class="title-name">Determining the components to audit</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-setup.html#sec-audit-config"><span class="title-number">45.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the audit daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-setup.html#sec-audit-syscall"><span class="title-number">45.3 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling audit for system calls</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-setup.html#sec-audit-aurules"><span class="title-number">45.4 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up audit rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-setup.html#sec-audit-aurepo"><span class="title-number">45.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring audit reports</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-setup.html#sec-audit-viz"><span class="title-number">45.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring log visualization</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html"><span class="title-number">46 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing an audit rule set</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html#sec-audit-scenbasic"><span class="title-number">46.1 </span><span class="title-name">Adding basic audit configuration parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html#sec-audit-scenauconf"><span class="title-number">46.2 </span><span class="title-name">Adding watches on audit log files and configuration files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html#sec-audit-scenfs"><span class="title-number">46.3 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring file system objects</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html#sec-audit-scensecurity"><span class="title-number">46.4 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring security configuration files and databases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html#sec-audit-scenmisc"><span class="title-number">46.5 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring miscellaneous system calls</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html#sec-audit-scenipc"><span class="title-number">46.6 </span><span class="title-name">Filtering system call arguments</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html#sec-audit-scenkeys"><span class="title-number">46.7 </span><span class="title-name">Managing audit event records using keys</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-audit-moreinfo.html"><span class="title-number">47 </span><span class="title-name">Useful resources</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="bk06apa.html"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="bk06apa.html#id-1.8.11.4"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-nis.html#fig-inst-nisserver1"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">NIS server setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-nis.html#fig-yast-nis-master"><span class="number">3.2 </span><span class="name">Master server setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-nis.html#fig-inst-nisserver2"><span class="number">3.3 </span><span class="name">Changing the directory and synchronizing files for a NIS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-nis.html#fig-yast-nis-maps"><span class="number">3.4 </span><span class="name">NIS server maps setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-nis.html#fig-inst-nisserver3"><span class="number">3.5 </span><span class="name">Setting request permissions for a NIS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-nis.html#fig-inst-nisclient"><span class="number">3.6 </span><span class="name">Setting domain and address of a NIS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#fig-ldap-tree"><span class="number">5.1 </span><span class="name">Structure of an LDAP directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html#fig-netw-kerb"><span class="number">6.1 </span><span class="name">Kerberos network topology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#fig-ad-schema"><span class="number">7.1 </span><span class="name">Schema of Winbind-based Active Directory authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#fig-security-logonmanagement"><span class="number">7.2 </span><span class="name">Main window of <span class="guimenu">User logon management</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#fig-security-logonmanagement-enroll"><span class="number">7.3 </span><span class="name">Enrolling into a domain</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#fig-security-logonmanagement-configure"><span class="number">7.4 </span><span class="name">Configuration window of <span class="guimenu">User logon management</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#fig-ad-smbclient"><span class="number">7.5 </span><span class="name">Determining Windows domain membership</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#fig-ad-join1"><span class="number">7.6 </span><span class="name">Providing administrator credentials</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#fig-cryptctl-retrieve"><span class="number">13.1 </span><span class="name">Key retrieval with <code class="command">cryptctl</code> (model without connection to KMIP server)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-spectre.html#fig-spectre-meltdown-output"><span class="number">16.1 </span><span class="name">Output from spectre-meltdown-checker</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html#fig-yast-security-overview"><span class="number">17.1 </span><span class="name">YaST security center and hardening: security overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#fig-acls-map-mini"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">Minimum ACL: ACL entries compared to permission bits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#fig-acls-map-ext"><span class="number">19.2 </span><span class="name">Extended ACL: ACL entries compared to permission bits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-ssh.html#fig-fail2ban-jail-local"><span class="number">22.1 </span><span class="name"><span class="emphasis"><em>jail.local </em></span>file settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#fig-fire-table"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">iptables: a packet's possible paths</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#fig-vpn-scenario-routed-1"><span class="number">24.1 </span><span class="name">Routed VPN</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#fig-vpn-scenario-briged-1"><span class="number">24.2 </span><span class="name">Bridged VPN - scenario 1</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#fig-vpn-scenario-briged-2"><span class="number">24.3 </span><span class="name">Bridged VPN - scenario 2</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#fig-vpn-scenario-briged-3"><span class="number">24.4 </span><span class="name">Bridged VPN - scenario 3</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-xca.html#fig-xca-newdb"><span class="number">25.1 </span><span class="name">Create a new XCA database</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#id-1.8.8.8.11.9.15.6"><span class="number">37.1 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">aa-notify Message in GNOME</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-apparmor-hat.html#id-1.8.8.9.20.3.5.5.2"><span class="number">38.1 </span><span class="name">Adminer login page</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#fig-audit-components"><span class="number">44.1 </span><span class="name">Introducing the components of Linux audit</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#fig-audit-mkgraph"><span class="number">44.2 </span><span class="name">Flow graph—program versus system call relationship</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#fig-audit-mkbar"><span class="number">44.3 </span><span class="name">Bar chart—common event types</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#tab-ldap-schema"><span class="number">5.1 </span><span class="name">Commonly used object classes and attributes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#tab-parameters"><span class="number">13.1 </span><span class="name">List of all parameters to define the resource group with the cryptctl crm script.</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#id-1.8.5.7.6.7.4"><span class="number">14.1 </span><span class="name">Sample rules/constraints for password enforcement</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#tab-entrytype"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">ACL entry types</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#tab-mask"><span class="number">19.2 </span><span class="name">Masking access permissions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-aide.html#tab-aide-options"><span class="number">20.1 </span><span class="name">Important AIDE check boxes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#tab-security-firewall-sysconfigports"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Important sysconfig variables for static port configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-apparmor-support.html#id-1.8.8.12.5.3"><span class="number">41.1 </span><span class="name">Man pages: sections and categories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#tab-audit-auditctl"><span class="number">44.1 </span><span class="name">Audit status flags</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-pam.html#dat-pam-sshd"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">PAM configuration for sshd (<code class="filename">/etc/pam.d/sshd</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-pam.html#dat-pam-common-auth"><span class="number">2.2 </span><span class="name">Default configuration for the <code class="literal">auth</code> section (<code class="filename">common-auth</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-pam.html#dat-pam-common-account"><span class="number">2.3 </span><span class="name">Default configuration for the <code class="literal">account</code> section (<code class="filename">common-account</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-pam.html#dat-pam-common-password"><span class="number">2.4 </span><span class="name">Default configuration for the <code class="literal">password</code> section (<code class="filename">common-password</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-pam.html#dat-pam-common-session"><span class="number">2.5 </span><span class="name">Default configuration for the <code class="literal">session</code> section (<code class="filename">common-session</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-pam.html#dat-pam-pamenv"><span class="number">2.6 </span><span class="name">pam_env.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#aus-ldap-schema-help"><span class="number">5.1 </span><span class="name">Excerpt from CN=schema</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#ex-ldap-389-ds-inf"><span class="number">5.2 </span><span class="name">Minimal 389 Directory Server instance configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#ex-security-ldap-server-credentials-local"><span class="number">5.3 </span><span class="name">A <code class="filename">.dsrc</code> file for local administration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#ex-ldap-replication-two-replicas"><span class="number">5.4 </span><span class="name">Two supplier replicas</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#ex-ldap-replication-four-replicas"><span class="number">5.5 </span><span class="name">Four supplier replicas</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#ex-ldap-replication-six-replicas"><span class="number">5.6 </span><span class="name">Six replicas</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#ex-ldap-replication-six-replicas-read-only"><span class="number">5.7 </span><span class="name">Six replicas with read-only consumers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html#sec-security-kerberos-example-config"><span class="number">6.1 </span><span class="name">Example KDC configuration, <code class="filename">/etc/krb5.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-physical-security.html#usbguard-config-file-ipcaccess"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-ssh.html#ex-sshd-conf"><span class="number">22.1 </span><span class="name">Example sshd_config</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#ex-security-firewall-nfscallback"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Callback port configuration for the <code class="literal">nfs</code> kernel module in <code class="filename">/etc/modprobe.d/60-nfs.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#ex-security-firewall-newrpcservice"><span class="number">23.2 </span><span class="name">Commands to define a new <code class="systemitem">firewalld</code> RPC service for NFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#ex-vpn-serv-config"><span class="number">24.1 </span><span class="name">VPN server configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#id-1.8.6.6.5.7.3"><span class="number">24.2 </span><span class="name">VPN client configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-apparmor-start.html#ex-unconfined"><span class="number">32.1 </span><span class="name">Output of <code class="command">aa-unconfined</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#ex-apparmor-commandline-profiling-summary-genprof-learn"><span class="number">37.1 </span><span class="name">Learning mode exception: controlling access to specific resources</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#ex-apparmor-commandline-profiling-summary-genprof-perms"><span class="number">37.2 </span><span class="name">Learning mode exception: defining permissions for an entry</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-selinux.html#ex-selnx-con-set"><span class="number">43.1 </span><span class="name">Security context settings using <code class="command">ls -Z</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-selinux.html#ex-selnx-sestatus"><span class="number">43.2 </span><span class="name">Verifying that SELinux is functional</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-selinux.html#ex-selnx-ls-bool"><span class="number">43.3 </span><span class="name">Getting a list of booleans and verifying policy access</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-selinux.html#ex-selnx-fcon"><span class="number">43.4 </span><span class="name">Getting file context information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-selinux.html#ex-selnx-def-con"><span class="number">43.5 </span><span class="name">The default context for directories in the root directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-selinux.html#ex-selnx-set-proc"><span class="number">43.6 </span><span class="name">Showing SELinux settings for processes with <code class="command">ps Zaux</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-selinux.html#ex-selnx-semanage"><span class="number">43.7 </span><span class="name">Viewing default file contexts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-selinux.html#ex-selnx-li-auditlog"><span class="number">43.8 </span><span class="name">Example lines from <code class="filename">/var/log/audit/audit.log</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-selinux.html#id-1.8.9.3.13.12"><span class="number">43.9 </span><span class="name">Analyzing audit messages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-selinux.html#id-1.8.9.3.13.15"><span class="number">43.10 </span><span class="name">Viewing which lines deny access</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-selinux.html#id-1.8.9.3.13.19"><span class="number">43.11 </span><span class="name">Creating a policy module allowing an action previously denied</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#id-1.8.10.3.8.3"><span class="number">44.1 </span><span class="name">Default /etc/audit/auditd.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#ex-auditctl-status"><span class="number">44.2 </span><span class="name">Example output of <code class="command">auditctl</code> <code class="option">-s</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#ex-audit-rules-sysparam"><span class="number">44.3 </span><span class="name">Example audit rules—audit system parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#ex-audit-rules-fs"><span class="number">44.4 </span><span class="name">Example audit rules—file system auditing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#ex-audit-rules-syscall"><span class="number">44.5 </span><span class="name">Example audit rules—system call auditing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#ex-audit-ruledel"><span class="number">44.6 </span><span class="name">Deleting audit rules and events</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#id-1.8.10.3.10.16"><span class="number">44.7 </span><span class="name">Listing rules with <code class="command">auditctl</code> <code class="option">-l</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#ex-audit-aureport-logtrail"><span class="number">44.8 </span><span class="name">A simple audit event—viewing the audit log</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#ex-audit-aureport-sshd"><span class="number">44.9 </span><span class="name">An advanced audit event—login via SSH</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#id-1.8.10.3.15.5"><span class="number">44.10 </span><span class="name">Example /etc/audit/auditd.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#id-1.8.10.3.15.8"><span class="number">44.11 </span><span class="name">Example /etc/audit/plugins.d/syslog.conf</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.8.1.5"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-security/index.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-security/index.html
index 803277cc11..9ea73f1fa2 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-security/index.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-security/index.html
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_security.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">Security and Hardening Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">Security and Hardening Guide</div><ol><li><a href="preface-security.html" class=" "><span class="title-number"> </span><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Security and confidentiality</span></a></li><li><a href="part-auth.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Authentication</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-pam.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Authentication with PAM</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-nis.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Using NIS</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-auth.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up authentication clients using YaST</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-ldap.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">LDAP with 389 Directory Server</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Network authentication with Kerberos</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-ad.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Active Directory support</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-freeradius.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a freeRADIUS server</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-local-security.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Local security</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-physical-security.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Physical security</span></a></li><li><a href="sec-sec-software-management.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Software management</span></a></li><li><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">File management</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-cryptofs.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Encrypting partitions and files</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Storage encryption for hosted applications with cryptctl</span></a></li><li><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">User management</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-sec-cron-at.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting <code class="systemitem">cron</code> and <code class="systemitem">at</code></span></a></li><li><a href="cha-spectre.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Spectre/Meltdown checker</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring security settings with YaST</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-polkit.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">The Polkit authentication framework</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-acls.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">Access control lists in Linux</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-aide.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">Intrusion detection with AIDE</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-network-security.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Network security</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-xauth.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name">X Window System and X authentication</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-ssh.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">22 </span><span class="title-name">Securing network operations with OpenSSH</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-firewall.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">23 </span><span class="title-name">Masquerading and firewalls</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">24 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a VPN server</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-xca.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">25 </span><span class="title-name">Managing a PKI with XCA, X certificate and key manager</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-sec-sysctl.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">26 </span><span class="title-name">Improving network security with <code class="command">sysctl</code> variables</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-compliance.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Regulations and Compliance</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-common-criteria.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">27 </span><span class="title-name">Common Criteria</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-fips.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">28 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling compliance with FIPS 140-3</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-pci-dss.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">29 </span><span class="title-name">Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS)</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-security-stig.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">30 </span><span class="title-name">Hardening SUSE Linux Enterprise with STIG</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-apparmor.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Confining privileges with <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-apparmor-intro.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">31 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-start.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">32 </span><span class="title-name">Getting started</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-concept.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">33 </span><span class="title-name">Immunizing programs</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">34 </span><span class="title-name">Profile components and syntax</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-repos.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">35 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile repositories</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-yast.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">36 </span><span class="title-name">Building and managing profiles with YaST</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">37 </span><span class="title-name">Building profiles from the command line</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-hat.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">38 </span><span class="title-name">Profiling your Web applications using ChangeHat</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-pam.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">39 </span><span class="title-name">Confining users with <code class="systemitem">pam_apparmor</code></span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-managing.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">40 </span><span class="title-name">Managing profiled applications</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-support.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">41 </span><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-apparmor-glossary.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">42 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> glossary</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-selinux.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">SELinux</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-selinux.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">43 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring SELinux</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-audit.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">VII </span><span class="title-name">The Linux Audit Framework</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-audit-comp.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">44 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding Linux audit</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-audit-setup.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">45 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up the Linux audit framework</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">46 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing an audit rule set</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-audit-moreinfo.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">47 </span><span class="title-name">Useful resources</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="bk06apa.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></li> </ol> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-security" data-id-title="Security and Hardening Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">Security and Hardening Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_security.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p> This guide introduces basic concepts of system
      security and describes the usage of security software included with the product,
      such as <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span>, SELinux, or the auditing system. The guide also supports system
-     administrators in hardening an installation. </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-security.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Security and Hardening Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+     administrators in hardening an installation. </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-security.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Security and Hardening Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="preface-security.html"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-security.html#id-1.8.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-security.html#id-1.8.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-security.html#id-1.8.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-security.html#id-1.8.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security.html"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Security and confidentiality</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-overview"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-passwords"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Passwords</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-sec-prot-general-backups"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Backups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-integrity"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">System integrity</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-file-access"><span class="title-number">1.5 </span><span class="title-name">File access</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-network"><span class="title-number">1.6 </span><span class="title-name">Networking</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-vulnerabilities"><span class="title-number">1.7 </span><span class="title-name">Software vulnerabilities</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-malware"><span class="title-number">1.8 </span><span class="title-name">Malware</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-tips"><span class="title-number">1.9 </span><span class="title-name">Important security tips</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security.html#sec-security-general-report"><span class="title-number">1.10 </span><span class="title-name">Reporting security issues</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-auth.html"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Authentication</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-pam.html"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Authentication with PAM</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-pam.html#sec-security-pam-whatis"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">What is PAM?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-pam.html#sec-pam-struc-files"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Structure of a PAM configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-pam.html#sec-pam-struc-format"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">The PAM configuration of sshd</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-pam.html#sec-pam-struc-conf"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration of PAM modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-pam.html#sec-pam-pam-config"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring PAM using pam-config</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-pam.html#sec-pam-manual-config"><span class="title-number">2.6 </span><span class="title-name">Manually configuring PAM</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-pam.html#sec-pam-login"><span class="title-number">2.7 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring  U2F keys for local login</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-pam.html#sec-pam-info"><span class="title-number">2.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-nis.html"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Using NIS</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nis.html#sec-nis-server"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring NIS servers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nis.html#sec-nis-client"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring NIS clients</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-auth.html"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up authentication clients using YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-auth.html#sec-security-auth-yast-client"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring an authentication client with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-auth.html#sec-security-auth-sssd"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">SSSD</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">LDAP with 389 Directory Server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-tree"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Structure of an LDAP directory tree</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-docker-container"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating and managing a Docker container for 389 Directory Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-server-install"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing 389 Directory Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-firewall"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Firewall configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-backup"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">Backing up and restoring 389 Directory Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-server-users"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing LDAP users and groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-modules"><span class="title-number">5.7 </span><span class="title-name">Managing plug-ins</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-server-sssd"><span class="title-number">5.8 </span><span class="title-name">Using SSSD to manage LDAP authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-migrate"><span class="title-number">5.9 </span><span class="title-name">Migrating to 389 Directory Server from OpenLDAP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-server-ca"><span class="title-number">5.10 </span><span class="title-name">Importing TLS server certificates and keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-replication"><span class="title-number">5.11 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up replication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-active-directory-sync"><span class="title-number">5.12 </span><span class="title-name">Synchronizing with Microsoft Active Directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#sec-security-ldap-info"><span class="title-number">5.13 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Network authentication with Kerberos</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html#sec-security-kerberos-overview"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html#sec-security-kerberos-terms"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Kerberos terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html#sec-security-kerberos-how"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">How Kerberos works</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html#sec-security-kerberos-users"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">User view of Kerberos</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html#sec-security-kerberos-admin"><span class="title-number">6.5 </span><span class="title-name">Installing and administering Kerberos</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html#sec-security-kerberos-nfs"><span class="title-number">6.6 </span><span class="title-name">Kerberos and NFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html#sec-security-kerberos-info"><span class="title-number">6.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-ad.html"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Active Directory support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#sec-security-ad-integrate"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Integrating Linux and Active Directory environments</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#sec-security-ad-background"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Background information for Linux Active Directory support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#sec-security-ad-config"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a Linux client for Active Directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#sec-security-ad-login"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Logging in to an Active Directory domain</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#sec-security-ad-passwd"><span class="title-number">7.5 </span><span class="title-name">Changing passwords</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#sec-active-directory-certificate-auto-enrollment"><span class="title-number">7.6 </span><span class="title-name">Active Directory certificate auto-enrollment</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-freeradius.html"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a freeRADIUS server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-freeradius.html#sec-test-radiusd"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installation and testing on <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-local-security.html"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Local security</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-physical-security.html"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Physical security</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-physical-security.html#sec-sec-prot-general-physical-locks"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">System locks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-physical-security.html#sec-sec-prot-general-bios"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Locking down the BIOS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-physical-security.html#sec-sec-prot-general-bootloader"><span class="title-number">9.3 </span><span class="title-name">Security via the boot loaders</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-physical-security.html#sec-sec-prot-general-retiring"><span class="title-number">9.4 </span><span class="title-name">Retiring Linux servers with sensitive data</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-physical-security.html#sec-sec-prot-general-removable-media"><span class="title-number">9.5 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting access to removable media</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-physical-security.html#sec-USBGuard"><span class="title-number">9.6 </span><span class="title-name">System protection with enforced USB device authorization via <span class="emphasis"><em>USBGuard</em></span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="sec-sec-software-management.html"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Software management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-software-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-remove-packs"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">Removing unnecessary software packages (RPMs)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-software-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-patching"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Patching Linux systems</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">File management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-partitions"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Disk partitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-file-permissions"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying permissions of certain system files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-home-permissions"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Changing home directory permissions from 755 to 700</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-umask"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Default umask</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-s-bit"><span class="title-number">11.5 </span><span class="title-name">SUID/SGID files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-world-writable-files"><span class="title-number">11.6 </span><span class="title-name">World-writable files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-file-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-orphaned"><span class="title-number">11.7 </span><span class="title-name">Orphaned or unowned files</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-cryptofs.html"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Encrypting partitions and files</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-cryptofs.html#sec-security-cryptofs-y2"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an encrypted file system with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-cryptofs.html#sec-security-cryptofs-gpg"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">Encrypting files with GPG</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-cryptofs.html#sec-security-cryptofs-rage"><span class="title-number">12.3 </span><span class="title-name">Encrypting files with Rage</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Storage encryption for hosted applications with cryptctl</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#sec-configure-cryptctl-server"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a <code class="command">cryptctl</code> server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#sec-configure-cryptctl-client"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a <code class="command">cryptctl</code> client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#sec-cryptctl-luks-fstab"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring /etc/fstab for LUKS volumes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#sec-configure-cryptctl-status"><span class="title-number">13.4 </span><span class="title-name">Checking partition unlock status using server-side commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#sec-configure-cryptctl-unlock"><span class="title-number">13.5 </span><span class="title-name">Unlocking encrypted partitions manually</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#sec-configure-cryptctl-lock"><span class="title-number">13.6 </span><span class="title-name">Maintenance downtime procedure</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#sec-configure-cryptctl-ha"><span class="title-number">13.7 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an HA environment for cryptctl-server service</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#sec-configure-cryptctl-more"><span class="title-number">13.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">User management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-accounts"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">Various account checks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-pw-aging"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling password aging</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-pw-strength"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Stronger password enforcement</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-general-pam"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">Password and login management with PAM</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-restrict-root"><span class="title-number">14.5 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting <code class="systemitem">root</code> logins</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-restrict-sudo"><span class="title-number">14.6 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting <code class="command">sudo</code> users</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-inactivity-logout"><span class="title-number">14.7 </span><span class="title-name">Setting an inactivity timeout for interactive shell sessions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-dos"><span class="title-number">14.8 </span><span class="title-name">Preventing accidental denial of service</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-banners"><span class="title-number">14.9 </span><span class="title-name">Displaying login banners</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#sec-sec-prot-misc-account-utils"><span class="title-number">14.10 </span><span class="title-name">Connection accounting utilities</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-sec-cron-at.html"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting <code class="systemitem">cron</code> and <code class="systemitem">at</code></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-sec-cron-at.html#id-1.8.5.8.2"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting the <code class="systemitem">cron</code> daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-sec-cron-at.html#id-1.8.5.8.3"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting the <code class="systemitem">at</code> scheduler</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-spectre.html"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Spectre/Meltdown checker</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-spectre.html#sec-spectre-meltdown-options"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using <code class="command">spectre-meltdown-checker</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-spectre.html#sec-spectre-meltdown-resources"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring security settings with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html#sec-security-yast-security-overview"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Security overview</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html#sec-security-yast-security-predefined-configs"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Predefined security configurations</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html#sec-security-yast-security-password"><span class="title-number">17.3 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Password settings</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html#sec-security-yast-security-boot"><span class="title-number">17.4 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Boot settings</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html#sec-security-yast-security-login"><span class="title-number">17.5 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Login settings</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html#sec-security-yast-security-user"><span class="title-number">17.6 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">User addition</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html#sec-security-yast-security-misc"><span class="title-number">17.7 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Miscellaneous settings</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-polkit.html"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">The Polkit authentication framework</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-polkit.html#sec-security-polkit-oview"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-polkit.html#sec-security-polkit-types"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">Authorization types</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-polkit.html#sec-security-polkit-query"><span class="title-number">18.3 </span><span class="title-name">Querying Privileges</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-polkit.html#sec-security-polkit-change-modify-config"><span class="title-number">18.4 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying Polkit Configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-polkit.html#sec-security-polkit-change-defaults"><span class="title-number">18.5 </span><span class="title-name">Restoring the SUSE default privileges</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-acls.html"><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">Access control lists in Linux</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#sec-security-acls-traditional"><span class="title-number">19.1 </span><span class="title-name">Traditional file permissions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#sec-security-acls-intro"><span class="title-number">19.2 </span><span class="title-name">Advantages of ACLs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#sec-security-acls-defs"><span class="title-number">19.3 </span><span class="title-name">Definitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#sec-security-acls-handle"><span class="title-number">19.4 </span><span class="title-name">Handling ACLs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#sec-security-acls-future"><span class="title-number">19.5 </span><span class="title-name">ACL support in applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#sec-security-acls-info"><span class="title-number">19.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-aide.html"><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">Intrusion detection with AIDE</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-aide.html#sec-aide-why"><span class="title-number">20.1 </span><span class="title-name">Why use AIDE?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-aide.html#sec-aide-setup"><span class="title-number">20.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an AIDE database</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-aide.html#sec-aide-check"><span class="title-number">20.3 </span><span class="title-name">Local AIDE checks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-aide.html#sec-aide-independent"><span class="title-number">20.4 </span><span class="title-name">System independent checking</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-aide.html#sec-aide-more"><span class="title-number">20.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-network-security.html"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Network security</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-xauth.html"><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name">X Window System and X authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-ssh.html"><span class="title-number">22 </span><span class="title-name">Securing network operations with OpenSSH</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-overview"><span class="title-number">22.1 </span><span class="title-name">OpenSSH overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-server-config"><span class="title-number">22.2 </span><span class="title-name">Server hardening</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-password-auth"><span class="title-number">22.3 </span><span class="title-name">Password authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-authentic-gen-key"><span class="title-number">22.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing user and host encryption keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-sshdserver-rotation"><span class="title-number">22.5 </span><span class="title-name">Rotating host keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-public-key-auth"><span class="title-number">22.6 </span><span class="title-name">Public key authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-passphrase-less-auth"><span class="title-number">22.7 </span><span class="title-name">Passphrase-less public key authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-certificate-auth"><span class="title-number">22.8 </span><span class="title-name">OpenSSH certificate authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-gnome-keyring"><span class="title-number">22.9 </span><span class="title-name">Automated public key logins with gnome-keyring</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-authentic-agent"><span class="title-number">22.10 </span><span class="title-name">Automated public key logins with ssh-agent</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-change-passphrase"><span class="title-number">22.11 </span><span class="title-name">Changing an SSH private key passphrase</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-get-key-fingerprint"><span class="title-number">22.12 </span><span class="title-name">Retrieving a key fingerprint</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-programm-x"><span class="title-number">22.13 </span><span class="title-name">Starting X11 applications on a remote host</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-programm-forwarding"><span class="title-number">22.14 </span><span class="title-name">Agent forwarding</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-copy"><span class="title-number">22.15 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">scp</code>—secure copy</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-sftp"><span class="title-number">22.16 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">sftp</code>—secure file transfer</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-ssh-port-forwarding"><span class="title-number">22.17 </span><span class="title-name">Port forwarding (SSH tunneling)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-security-ssh-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">22.18 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-ssh.html#sec-security-ssh-fail2ban"><span class="title-number">22.19 </span><span class="title-name">Stopping SSH Brute Force Attacks with Fail2Ban</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html"><span class="title-number">23 </span><span class="title-name">Masquerading and firewalls</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#sec-security-firewall-iptables"><span class="title-number">23.1 </span><span class="title-name">Packet filtering with iptables</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#sec-security-firewall-masq"><span class="title-number">23.2 </span><span class="title-name">Masquerading basics</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#sec-security-firewall-fw"><span class="title-number">23.3 </span><span class="title-name">Firewalling basics</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#sec-security-firewall-firewalld"><span class="title-number">23.4 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">firewalld</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#sec-security-firewall-upgrade"><span class="title-number">23.5 </span><span class="title-name">Migrating from SuSEfirewall2</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#sec-security-firewall-info"><span class="title-number">23.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html"><span class="title-number">24 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a VPN server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#sec-security-vpn-overview"><span class="title-number">24.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#sec-security-vpn-simplest"><span class="title-number">24.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a simple test scenario</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#sec-security-vpn-ca"><span class="title-number">24.3 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up your VPN server using a certificate authority</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#sec-security-yastvpn"><span class="title-number">24.4 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a VPN server or client using YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#sec-security-vpn-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">24.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-xca.html"><span class="title-number">25 </span><span class="title-name">Managing a PKI with XCA, X certificate and key manager</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-xca.html#sec-security-xca-install"><span class="title-number">25.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installing XCA</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-xca.html#sec-security-xca-start"><span class="title-number">25.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a new PKI</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-sec-sysctl.html"><span class="title-number">26 </span><span class="title-name">Improving network security with <code class="command">sysctl</code> variables</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-compliance.html"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Regulations and Compliance</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-common-criteria.html"><span class="title-number">27 </span><span class="title-name">Common Criteria</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-common-criteria.html#sec-common-criteria-introduction"><span class="title-number">27.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-common-criteria.html#sec-common-criteria-eal"><span class="title-number">27.2 </span><span class="title-name">Evaluation Assurance Level (EAL)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-common-criteria.html#sec-common-criteria-principles"><span class="title-number">27.3 </span><span class="title-name">Generic guiding principles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-common-criteria.html#sec-common-criteria-more"><span class="title-number">27.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-fips.html"><span class="title-number">28 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling compliance with FIPS 140-3</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-fips.html#sec-fips-concept"><span class="title-number">28.1 </span><span class="title-name">FIPS overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-fips.html#sec-fips-use-case"><span class="title-number">28.2 </span><span class="title-name">When to enable FIPS mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-fips.html#sec-fips-install"><span class="title-number">28.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing FIPS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-fips.html#sec-how-to-fips-install"><span class="title-number">28.4 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling FIPS mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-fips.html#sec-fips-samba-cifs"><span class="title-number">28.5 </span><span class="title-name">MD5 not supported in Samba/CIFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-security-fips.html#sec-fips-more"><span class="title-number">28.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-pci-dss.html"><span class="title-number">29 </span><span class="title-name">Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-security-stig.html"><span class="title-number">30 </span><span class="title-name">Hardening SUSE Linux Enterprise with STIG</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-apparmor.html"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Confining privileges with <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-intro.html"><span class="title-number">31 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-intro.html#id-1.8.8.2.5"><span class="title-number">31.1 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> components</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-intro.html#sec-apparmor-intro-background"><span class="title-number">31.2 </span><span class="title-name">Background information on <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profiling</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-start.html"><span class="title-number">32 </span><span class="title-name">Getting started</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-start.html#sec-apparmor-start-install"><span class="title-number">32.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installing <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-start.html#sec-apparmor-start-enable"><span class="title-number">32.2 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling and disabling <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-start.html#sec-apparmor-start-choose"><span class="title-number">32.3 </span><span class="title-name">Choosing applications to profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-start.html#sec-apparmor-start-build"><span class="title-number">32.4 </span><span class="title-name">Building and modifying profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-start.html#sec-apparmor-start-update"><span class="title-number">32.5 </span><span class="title-name">Updating your profiles</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-concept.html"><span class="title-number">33 </span><span class="title-name">Immunizing programs</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-concept.html#sec-apparmor-concept-tools"><span class="title-number">33.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing the <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> framework</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-concept.html#sec-apparmor-concept-determine"><span class="title-number">33.2 </span><span class="title-name">Determining programs to immunize</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-concept.html#sec-apparmor-concept-cron"><span class="title-number">33.3 </span><span class="title-name">Immunizing <code class="systemitem">cron</code> jobs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-concept.html#sec-apparmor-concept-network"><span class="title-number">33.4 </span><span class="title-name">Immunizing network applications</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html"><span class="title-number">34 </span><span class="title-name">Profile components and syntax</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-parts"><span class="title-number">34.1 </span><span class="title-name">Breaking an <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile into its parts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-types"><span class="title-number">34.2 </span><span class="title-name">Profile types</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-includes"><span class="title-number">34.3 </span><span class="title-name">Include statements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-capabilities"><span class="title-number">34.4 </span><span class="title-name">Capability entries (POSIX.1e)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-nac"><span class="title-number">34.5 </span><span class="title-name">Network access control</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-glob"><span class="title-number">34.6 </span><span class="title-name">Profile names, flags, paths, and globbing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-perm"><span class="title-number">34.7 </span><span class="title-name">File permission access modes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-mount"><span class="title-number">34.8 </span><span class="title-name">Mount rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-pivot-root"><span class="title-number">34.9 </span><span class="title-name">Pivot root rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-ptrace"><span class="title-number">34.10 </span><span class="title-name">PTrace rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-signal"><span class="title-number">34.11 </span><span class="title-name">Signal rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-exec"><span class="title-number">34.12 </span><span class="title-name">Execute modes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-rlimit"><span class="title-number">34.13 </span><span class="title-name">Resource limit control</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-profiles.html#sec-apparmor-profiles-audit"><span class="title-number">34.14 </span><span class="title-name">Auditing rules</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-repos.html"><span class="title-number">35 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-yast.html"><span class="title-number">36 </span><span class="title-name">Building and managing profiles with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-yast.html#sec-apparmor-yast-add"><span class="title-number">36.1 </span><span class="title-name">Manually adding a profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-yast.html#sec-apparmor-yast-edit"><span class="title-number">36.2 </span><span class="title-name">Editing profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-yast.html#sec-apparmor-yast-del"><span class="title-number">36.3 </span><span class="title-name">Deleting a profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-yast.html#sec-apparmor-yast-manage"><span class="title-number">36.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html"><span class="title-number">37 </span><span class="title-name">Building profiles from the command line</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#sec-apparmor-commandline-status"><span class="title-number">37.1 </span><span class="title-name">Checking the <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> status</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#sec-apparmor-commandline-build"><span class="title-number">37.2 </span><span class="title-name">Building <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#sec-apparmor-commandline-add"><span class="title-number">37.3 </span><span class="title-name">Adding or creating an <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#sec-apparmor-commandline-edit"><span class="title-number">37.4 </span><span class="title-name">Editing an <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#sec-apparmor-commandline-unload"><span class="title-number">37.5 </span><span class="title-name">Unloading unknown <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#sec-apparmor-commandline-del"><span class="title-number">37.6 </span><span class="title-name">Deleting an <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#sec-apparmor-commandline-profiling"><span class="title-number">37.7 </span><span class="title-name">Two methods of profiling</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#sec-apparmor-commandline-filenames"><span class="title-number">37.8 </span><span class="title-name">Important file names and directories</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-hat.html"><span class="title-number">38 </span><span class="title-name">Profiling your Web applications using ChangeHat</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-hat.html#sec-apparmor-hat-config"><span class="title-number">38.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring Apache for <code class="systemitem">mod_apparmor</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-hat.html#sec-apparmor-hat-apache-managing"><span class="title-number">38.2 </span><span class="title-name">Managing ChangeHat-aware applications</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-pam.html"><span class="title-number">39 </span><span class="title-name">Confining users with <code class="systemitem">pam_apparmor</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-managing.html"><span class="title-number">40 </span><span class="title-name">Managing profiled applications</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-managing.html#sec-apparmor-managing-react"><span class="title-number">40.1 </span><span class="title-name">Reacting to security event rejections</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-managing.html#sec-apparmor-managing-maintain"><span class="title-number">40.2 </span><span class="title-name">Maintaining your security profiles</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-support.html"><span class="title-number">41 </span><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-support.html#sec-apparmor-support-updating"><span class="title-number">41.1 </span><span class="title-name">Updating <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> online</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-support.html#sec-apparmor-support-man"><span class="title-number">41.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using the man pages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-support.html#sec-apparmor-support-info"><span class="title-number">41.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-support.html#sec-apparmor-support-trouble"><span class="title-number">41.4 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-apparmor-support.html#sec-apparmor-support-bugs"><span class="title-number">41.5 </span><span class="title-name">Reporting bugs for <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-apparmor-glossary.html"><span class="title-number">42 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> glossary</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-selinux.html"><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">SELinux</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-selinux.html"><span class="title-number">43 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring SELinux</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-selinux.html#sec-selinux-why"><span class="title-number">43.1 </span><span class="title-name">Why use SELinux?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-selinux.html#sec-selinux-policy"><span class="title-number">43.2 </span><span class="title-name">SELinux policy overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-selinux.html#sec-selinux-install"><span class="title-number">43.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing SELinux packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-selinux.html#sec-selinux-getpolicy"><span class="title-number">43.4 </span><span class="title-name">Installing an SELinux policy</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-selinux.html#sec-selinux-mode-permissive"><span class="title-number">43.5 </span><span class="title-name">Putting SELinux into permissive mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-selinux.html#sec-selinux-mode-enforcing"><span class="title-number">43.6 </span><span class="title-name">Putting SELinux into enforcing mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-selinux.html#sec-selinux-configure"><span class="title-number">43.7 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring SELinux</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-selinux.html#sec-selinux-manage"><span class="title-number">43.8 </span><span class="title-name">Managing SELinux</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-selinux.html#sec-selinux-troubleshoot"><span class="title-number">43.9 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-audit.html"><span class="title-number">VII </span><span class="title-name">The Linux Audit Framework</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html"><span class="title-number">44 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding Linux audit</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-bigpicture"><span class="title-number">44.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing the components of Linux audit</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-auditd"><span class="title-number">44.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the audit daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-auditctl"><span class="title-number">44.3 </span><span class="title-name">Controlling the audit system using <code class="command">auditctl</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-rules"><span class="title-number">44.4 </span><span class="title-name">Passing parameters to the audit system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-aureport"><span class="title-number">44.5 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding the audit logs and generating reports</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-ausearch"><span class="title-number">44.6 </span><span class="title-name">Querying the audit daemon logs with <code class="command">ausearch</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-autrace"><span class="title-number">44.7 </span><span class="title-name">Analyzing processes with <code class="command">autrace</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-auviz"><span class="title-number">44.8 </span><span class="title-name">Visualizing audit data</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#sec-audit-audisp"><span class="title-number">44.9 </span><span class="title-name">Relaying audit event notifications</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-audit-setup.html"><span class="title-number">45 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up the Linux audit framework</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-setup.html#sec-audit-choose"><span class="title-number">45.1 </span><span class="title-name">Determining the components to audit</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-setup.html#sec-audit-config"><span class="title-number">45.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the audit daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-setup.html#sec-audit-syscall"><span class="title-number">45.3 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling audit for system calls</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-setup.html#sec-audit-aurules"><span class="title-number">45.4 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up audit rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-setup.html#sec-audit-aurepo"><span class="title-number">45.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring audit reports</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-setup.html#sec-audit-viz"><span class="title-number">45.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring log visualization</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html"><span class="title-number">46 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing an audit rule set</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html#sec-audit-scenbasic"><span class="title-number">46.1 </span><span class="title-name">Adding basic audit configuration parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html#sec-audit-scenauconf"><span class="title-number">46.2 </span><span class="title-name">Adding watches on audit log files and configuration files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html#sec-audit-scenfs"><span class="title-number">46.3 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring file system objects</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html#sec-audit-scensecurity"><span class="title-number">46.4 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring security configuration files and databases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html#sec-audit-scenmisc"><span class="title-number">46.5 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring miscellaneous system calls</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html#sec-audit-scenipc"><span class="title-number">46.6 </span><span class="title-name">Filtering system call arguments</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-audit-scenarios.html#sec-audit-scenkeys"><span class="title-number">46.7 </span><span class="title-name">Managing audit event records using keys</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-audit-moreinfo.html"><span class="title-number">47 </span><span class="title-name">Useful resources</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="bk06apa.html"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="bk06apa.html#id-1.8.11.4"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-nis.html#fig-inst-nisserver1"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">NIS server setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-nis.html#fig-yast-nis-master"><span class="number">3.2 </span><span class="name">Master server setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-nis.html#fig-inst-nisserver2"><span class="number">3.3 </span><span class="name">Changing the directory and synchronizing files for a NIS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-nis.html#fig-yast-nis-maps"><span class="number">3.4 </span><span class="name">NIS server maps setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-nis.html#fig-inst-nisserver3"><span class="number">3.5 </span><span class="name">Setting request permissions for a NIS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-nis.html#fig-inst-nisclient"><span class="number">3.6 </span><span class="name">Setting domain and address of a NIS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#fig-ldap-tree"><span class="number">5.1 </span><span class="name">Structure of an LDAP directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html#fig-netw-kerb"><span class="number">6.1 </span><span class="name">Kerberos network topology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#fig-ad-schema"><span class="number">7.1 </span><span class="name">Schema of Winbind-based Active Directory authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#fig-security-logonmanagement"><span class="number">7.2 </span><span class="name">Main window of <span class="guimenu">User logon management</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#fig-security-logonmanagement-enroll"><span class="number">7.3 </span><span class="name">Enrolling into a domain</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#fig-security-logonmanagement-configure"><span class="number">7.4 </span><span class="name">Configuration window of <span class="guimenu">User logon management</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#fig-ad-smbclient"><span class="number">7.5 </span><span class="name">Determining Windows domain membership</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-ad.html#fig-ad-join1"><span class="number">7.6 </span><span class="name">Providing administrator credentials</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#fig-cryptctl-retrieve"><span class="number">13.1 </span><span class="name">Key retrieval with <code class="command">cryptctl</code> (model without connection to KMIP server)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-spectre.html#fig-spectre-meltdown-output"><span class="number">16.1 </span><span class="name">Output from spectre-meltdown-checker</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-yast-security.html#fig-yast-security-overview"><span class="number">17.1 </span><span class="name">YaST security center and hardening: security overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#fig-acls-map-mini"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">Minimum ACL: ACL entries compared to permission bits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#fig-acls-map-ext"><span class="number">19.2 </span><span class="name">Extended ACL: ACL entries compared to permission bits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-ssh.html#fig-fail2ban-jail-local"><span class="number">22.1 </span><span class="name"><span class="emphasis"><em>jail.local </em></span>file settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#fig-fire-table"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">iptables: a packet's possible paths</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#fig-vpn-scenario-routed-1"><span class="number">24.1 </span><span class="name">Routed VPN</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#fig-vpn-scenario-briged-1"><span class="number">24.2 </span><span class="name">Bridged VPN - scenario 1</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#fig-vpn-scenario-briged-2"><span class="number">24.3 </span><span class="name">Bridged VPN - scenario 2</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#fig-vpn-scenario-briged-3"><span class="number">24.4 </span><span class="name">Bridged VPN - scenario 3</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-security-xca.html#fig-xca-newdb"><span class="number">25.1 </span><span class="name">Create a new XCA database</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#id-1.8.8.8.11.9.15.6"><span class="number">37.1 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">aa-notify Message in GNOME</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-apparmor-hat.html#id-1.8.8.9.20.3.5.5.2"><span class="number">38.1 </span><span class="name">Adminer login page</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#fig-audit-components"><span class="number">44.1 </span><span class="name">Introducing the components of Linux audit</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#fig-audit-mkgraph"><span class="number">44.2 </span><span class="name">Flow graph—program versus system call relationship</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#fig-audit-mkbar"><span class="number">44.3 </span><span class="name">Bar chart—common event types</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#tab-ldap-schema"><span class="number">5.1 </span><span class="name">Commonly used object classes and attributes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-configure-cryptctl.html#tab-parameters"><span class="number">13.1 </span><span class="name">List of all parameters to define the resource group with the cryptctl crm script.</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="sec-sec-user-management.html#id-1.8.5.7.6.7.4"><span class="number">14.1 </span><span class="name">Sample rules/constraints for password enforcement</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#tab-entrytype"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">ACL entry types</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-security-acls.html#tab-mask"><span class="number">19.2 </span><span class="name">Masking access permissions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-aide.html#tab-aide-options"><span class="number">20.1 </span><span class="name">Important AIDE check boxes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#tab-security-firewall-sysconfigports"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Important sysconfig variables for static port configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-apparmor-support.html#id-1.8.8.12.5.3"><span class="number">41.1 </span><span class="name">Man pages: sections and categories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#tab-audit-auditctl"><span class="number">44.1 </span><span class="name">Audit status flags</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-pam.html#dat-pam-sshd"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">PAM configuration for sshd (<code class="filename">/etc/pam.d/sshd</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-pam.html#dat-pam-common-auth"><span class="number">2.2 </span><span class="name">Default configuration for the <code class="literal">auth</code> section (<code class="filename">common-auth</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-pam.html#dat-pam-common-account"><span class="number">2.3 </span><span class="name">Default configuration for the <code class="literal">account</code> section (<code class="filename">common-account</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-pam.html#dat-pam-common-password"><span class="number">2.4 </span><span class="name">Default configuration for the <code class="literal">password</code> section (<code class="filename">common-password</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-pam.html#dat-pam-common-session"><span class="number">2.5 </span><span class="name">Default configuration for the <code class="literal">session</code> section (<code class="filename">common-session</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-pam.html#dat-pam-pamenv"><span class="number">2.6 </span><span class="name">pam_env.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#aus-ldap-schema-help"><span class="number">5.1 </span><span class="name">Excerpt from CN=schema</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#ex-ldap-389-ds-inf"><span class="number">5.2 </span><span class="name">Minimal 389 Directory Server instance configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#ex-security-ldap-server-credentials-local"><span class="number">5.3 </span><span class="name">A <code class="filename">.dsrc</code> file for local administration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#ex-ldap-replication-two-replicas"><span class="number">5.4 </span><span class="name">Two supplier replicas</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#ex-ldap-replication-four-replicas"><span class="number">5.5 </span><span class="name">Four supplier replicas</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#ex-ldap-replication-six-replicas"><span class="number">5.6 </span><span class="name">Six replicas</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-ldap.html#ex-ldap-replication-six-replicas-read-only"><span class="number">5.7 </span><span class="name">Six replicas with read-only consumers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-kerberos.html#sec-security-kerberos-example-config"><span class="number">6.1 </span><span class="name">Example KDC configuration, <code class="filename">/etc/krb5.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-physical-security.html#usbguard-config-file-ipcaccess"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-ssh.html#ex-sshd-conf"><span class="number">22.1 </span><span class="name">Example sshd_config</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#ex-security-firewall-nfscallback"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Callback port configuration for the <code class="literal">nfs</code> kernel module in <code class="filename">/etc/modprobe.d/60-nfs.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-firewall.html#ex-security-firewall-newrpcservice"><span class="number">23.2 </span><span class="name">Commands to define a new <code class="systemitem">firewalld</code> RPC service for NFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#ex-vpn-serv-config"><span class="number">24.1 </span><span class="name">VPN server configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-security-vpnserver.html#id-1.8.6.6.5.7.3"><span class="number">24.2 </span><span class="name">VPN client configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-apparmor-start.html#ex-unconfined"><span class="number">32.1 </span><span class="name">Output of <code class="command">aa-unconfined</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#ex-apparmor-commandline-profiling-summary-genprof-learn"><span class="number">37.1 </span><span class="name">Learning mode exception: controlling access to specific resources</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-apparmor-commandline.html#ex-apparmor-commandline-profiling-summary-genprof-perms"><span class="number">37.2 </span><span class="name">Learning mode exception: defining permissions for an entry</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-selinux.html#ex-selnx-con-set"><span class="number">43.1 </span><span class="name">Security context settings using <code class="command">ls -Z</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-selinux.html#ex-selnx-sestatus"><span class="number">43.2 </span><span class="name">Verifying that SELinux is functional</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-selinux.html#ex-selnx-ls-bool"><span class="number">43.3 </span><span class="name">Getting a list of booleans and verifying policy access</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-selinux.html#ex-selnx-fcon"><span class="number">43.4 </span><span class="name">Getting file context information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-selinux.html#ex-selnx-def-con"><span class="number">43.5 </span><span class="name">The default context for directories in the root directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-selinux.html#ex-selnx-set-proc"><span class="number">43.6 </span><span class="name">Showing SELinux settings for processes with <code class="command">ps Zaux</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-selinux.html#ex-selnx-semanage"><span class="number">43.7 </span><span class="name">Viewing default file contexts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-selinux.html#ex-selnx-li-auditlog"><span class="number">43.8 </span><span class="name">Example lines from <code class="filename">/var/log/audit/audit.log</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-selinux.html#id-1.8.9.3.13.12"><span class="number">43.9 </span><span class="name">Analyzing audit messages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-selinux.html#id-1.8.9.3.13.15"><span class="number">43.10 </span><span class="name">Viewing which lines deny access</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-selinux.html#id-1.8.9.3.13.19"><span class="number">43.11 </span><span class="name">Creating a policy module allowing an action previously denied</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#id-1.8.10.3.8.3"><span class="number">44.1 </span><span class="name">Default /etc/audit/auditd.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#ex-auditctl-status"><span class="number">44.2 </span><span class="name">Example output of <code class="command">auditctl</code> <code class="option">-s</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#ex-audit-rules-sysparam"><span class="number">44.3 </span><span class="name">Example audit rules—audit system parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#ex-audit-rules-fs"><span class="number">44.4 </span><span class="name">Example audit rules—file system auditing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#ex-audit-rules-syscall"><span class="number">44.5 </span><span class="name">Example audit rules—system call auditing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#ex-audit-ruledel"><span class="number">44.6 </span><span class="name">Deleting audit rules and events</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#id-1.8.10.3.10.16"><span class="number">44.7 </span><span class="name">Listing rules with <code class="command">auditctl</code> <code class="option">-l</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#ex-audit-aureport-logtrail"><span class="number">44.8 </span><span class="name">A simple audit event—viewing the audit log</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#ex-audit-aureport-sshd"><span class="number">44.9 </span><span class="name">An advanced audit event—login via SSH</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#id-1.8.10.3.15.5"><span class="number">44.10 </span><span class="name">Example /etc/audit/auditd.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-audit-comp.html#id-1.8.10.3.15.8"><span class="number">44.11 </span><span class="name">Example /etc/audit/plugins.d/syslog.conf</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.8.1.5"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-storage/book-storage.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-storage/book-storage.html
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@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_storage.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">Storage Administration Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">Storage Administration Guide</div><ol><li><a href="storage-preface.html" class=" "><span class="title-number"> </span><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></li><li><a href="part-filesystems.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">File systems and mounting</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-filesystems.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview of file systems in Linux</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-resize-fs.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Resizing file systems</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-uuid.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Mounting storage devices</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-multitiercache.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Multi-tier caching for block device operations</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-lvm.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Logical volumes (LVM)</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-lvm.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">LVM configuration</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-lvm-snapshots.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">LVM volume snapshots</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-software-raid.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Software RAID</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-raid.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Software RAID configuration</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-raidroot.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring software RAID for the root partition</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-raid10.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Creating software RAID 10 devices</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-raid-degraded.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a degraded RAID array</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-raid-resize.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">Resizing software RAID arrays with mdadm</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-raid-leds.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Storage enclosure LED utilities for MD software RAIDs</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-raidtroubleshooting.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting software RAIDs</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-net-storage.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Network storage</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-isns.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">iSNS for Linux</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-iscsi.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Mass storage over IP networks: iSCSI</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-fcoe.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Fibre Channel storage over Ethernet networks: FCoE</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-nvmeof.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">NVMe-oF</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-multipath.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">Managing multipath I/O for devices</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-nfs.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">Sharing file systems with NFS</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-samba.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">Samba</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-autofs.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name">On-demand mounting with autofs</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="bk09apa.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></li> </ol> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-storage" data-id-title="Storage Administration Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">Storage Administration Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_storage.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p>
     This guide provides information about how to manage storage
     devices on a SUSE Linux Enterprise Server.
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-storage.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Storage Administration Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-storage.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Storage Administration Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="storage-preface.html"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="storage-preface.html#id-1.11.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="storage-preface.html#id-1.11.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="storage-preface.html#id-1.11.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="storage-preface.html#id-1.11.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-filesystems.html"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">File systems and mounting</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-filesystems.html"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview of file systems in Linux</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#sec-filesystems-glossary"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#sec-filesystems-major-btrfs"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Btrfs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#sec-filesystems-major-xfs"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">XFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#sec-filesystems-major-ext2"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">Ext2</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#sec-filesystems-major-ext3"><span class="title-number">1.5 </span><span class="title-name">Ext3</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#sec-filesystems-major-ext4"><span class="title-number">1.6 </span><span class="title-name">Ext4</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#sec-filesystems-major-reiser"><span class="title-number">1.7 </span><span class="title-name">ReiserFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#sec-filessytems-zfs"><span class="title-number">1.8 </span><span class="title-name">OpenZFS and ZFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#sec-filesystems-tmpfs"><span class="title-number">1.9 </span><span class="title-name">tmpfs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#sec-filesystems-other"><span class="title-number">1.10 </span><span class="title-name">Other supported file systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#sec-blacklist-filsystem"><span class="title-number">1.11 </span><span class="title-name">Blocked file systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#sec-filesystems-lfs"><span class="title-number">1.12 </span><span class="title-name">Large file support in Linux</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#sec-filesystems-stor-limits"><span class="title-number">1.13 </span><span class="title-name">Linux kernel storage limitations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#sec-filesystems-trouble-trim"><span class="title-number">1.14 </span><span class="title-name">Freeing unused file system blocks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#sec-filesystems-trouble"><span class="title-number">1.15 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting file systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#sec-filesystems-info"><span class="title-number">1.16 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-resize-fs.html"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Resizing file systems</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-resize-fs.html#sec-resize-fs-usecases"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Use cases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-resize-fs.html#sec-resize-fs-guidelines"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Guidelines for resizing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-resize-fs.html#sec-resize-fs-btrfs"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the size of a Btrfs file system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-resize-fs.html#sec-resize-fs-xfs"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the size of an XFS file system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-resize-fs.html#sec-resize-fs-ext"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the size of an ext2, ext3, or ext4 file system</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-uuid.html"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Mounting storage devices</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-uuid.html#sec-uuid-understanduuid"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding UUIDs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-uuid.html#sec-uuid-udev"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Persistent device names with udev</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-uuid.html#sec-netdev-option"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Mounting network storage devices</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-multitiercache.html"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Multi-tier caching for block device operations</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multitiercache.html#sec-multitiercache-terminology"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">General terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multitiercache.html#sec-multitiercache-caching-modes"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Caching modes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multitiercache.html#sec-multitiercache-bcache"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">bcache</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multitiercache.html#sec-multitiercache-lvmcache"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">lvmcache</code></span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-lvm.html"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Logical volumes (LVM)</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-lvm.html"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">LVM configuration</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lvm.html#sec-lvm-explained"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding the logical volume manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lvm.html#sec-lvm-vg"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating volume groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lvm.html#sec-lvm-lv"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Creating logical volumes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lvm.html#sec-lvm-activate-vgs"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Automatically activating non-root LVM volume groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lvm.html#sec-lvm-vg-resize"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">Resizing an existing volume group</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lvm.html#sec-lvm-lv-resize"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Resizing a logical volume</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lvm.html#sec-lvm-delete"><span class="title-number">5.7 </span><span class="title-name">Deleting a volume group or a logical volume</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lvm.html#sec-lvm-onboot"><span class="title-number">5.8 </span><span class="title-name">Disabling LVM on boot</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lvm.html#sec-lvm-cli"><span class="title-number">5.9 </span><span class="title-name">Using LVM commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lvm.html#sec-lvm-tagging"><span class="title-number">5.10 </span><span class="title-name">Tagging LVM2 storage objects</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-lvm-snapshots.html"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">LVM volume snapshots</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lvm-snapshots.html#sec-lvm-snapshots-intro"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding volume snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lvm-snapshots.html#sec-lvm-snapshots-create"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating Linux snapshots with LVM</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lvm-snapshots.html#sec-lvm-snapshots-monitor"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring a snapshot</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lvm-snapshots.html#sec-lvm-snapshots-delete"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">Deleting Linux snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lvm-snapshots.html#sec-lvm-snapshots-xen-host"><span class="title-number">6.5 </span><span class="title-name">Using snapshots for virtual machines on a virtual host</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lvm-snapshots.html#sec-lvm-snapshots-rollback"><span class="title-number">6.6 </span><span class="title-name">Merging a snapshot with the source logical volume to revert changes or roll back to a previous state</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-software-raid.html"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Software RAID</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-raid.html"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Software RAID configuration</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-raid.html#sec-raid-intro"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding RAID levels</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-raid.html#sec-raid-yast"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Soft RAID configuration with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-raid.html#sec-arm-raid"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring stripe size on RAID 5 on AArch64</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-raid.html#sec-raid-counters"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring software RAIDs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-raid.html#sec-raid-more"><span class="title-number">7.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-raidroot.html"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring software RAID for the root partition</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-raidroot.html#sec-raidroot-require"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Prerequisites for using a software RAID device for the root partition</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-raidroot.html#sec-raidroot-setup"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up the system with a software RAID device for the root (<code class="filename">/</code>) partition</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-raid10.html"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Creating software RAID 10 devices</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-raid10.html#sec-raid10-nest"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">Creating nested RAID 10 devices with <code class="command">mdadm</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-raid10.html#sec-raid10-complex"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a complex RAID 10</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-raid-degraded.html"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a degraded RAID array</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-raid-resize.html"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">Resizing software RAID arrays with mdadm</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-raid-resize.html#sec-raid-resize-incr"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Increasing the size of a software RAID</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-raid-resize.html#sec-raid-resize-decr"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Decreasing the size of a software RAID</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-raid-leds.html"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Storage enclosure LED utilities for MD software RAIDs</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-raid-leds.html#sec-raid-leds-ledmon"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">The storage enclosure LED monitor service</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-raid-leds.html#sec-raid-leds-ledctl"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">The storage enclosure LED control application</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-raid-leds.html#sec-raid-leds-info"><span class="title-number">12.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-raidtroubleshooting.html"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting software RAIDs</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-raidtroubleshooting.html#sec-raid-trouble-autorecovery"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Recovery after failing disk is back again</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-net-storage.html"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Network storage</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-isns.html"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">iSNS for Linux</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-isns.html#sec-isns-overview"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">How iSNS works</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-isns.html#sec-isns-install"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing iSNS server for Linux</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-isns.html#sec-isns-domains"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring iSNS discovery domains</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-isns.html#sec-isns-start"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">Starting the iSNS service</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-isns.html#sec-isns-info"><span class="title-number">14.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-iscsi.html"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Mass storage over IP networks: iSCSI</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-iscsi.html#sec-iscsi-install"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installing the iSCSI LIO target server and iSCSI initiator</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-iscsi.html#sec-iscsi-target"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an iSCSI LIO target server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-iscsi.html#sec-iscsi-initiator"><span class="title-number">15.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring iSCSI initiator</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-iscsi.html#sec-iscsi-targetcli"><span class="title-number">15.4 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up software targets using targetcli-fb</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-iscsi.html#sec-iscsi-installation"><span class="title-number">15.5 </span><span class="title-name">Using iSCSI disks when installing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-iscsi.html#sec-iscsi-trouble"><span class="title-number">15.6 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting iSCSI</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-iscsi.html#sec-iscsi-terminology"><span class="title-number">15.7 </span><span class="title-name">iSCSI LIO target terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-iscsi.html#sec-iscsi-info"><span class="title-number">15.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-fcoe.html"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Fibre Channel storage over Ethernet networks: FCoE</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-fcoe.html#sec-fcoe-installation"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring FCoE interfaces during the installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-fcoe.html#sec-fcoe-install"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing FCoE and the YaST FCoE client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-fcoe.html#sec-fcoe-yast"><span class="title-number">16.3 </span><span class="title-name">Managing FCoE services with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-fcoe.html#sec-fcoe-cli"><span class="title-number">16.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring FCoE with commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-fcoe.html#sec-fcoe-admin"><span class="title-number">16.5 </span><span class="title-name">Managing FCoE instances with the FCoE administration tool</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-fcoe.html#sec-fcoe-info"><span class="title-number">16.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-nvmeof.html"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">NVMe-oF</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvmeof.html#sec-nvmeof-overview"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvmeof.html#sec-nvmeof-host-configuration"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an NVMe-oF host</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvmeof.html#sec-nvmeof-target-configuration"><span class="title-number">17.3 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an NVMe-oF target</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvmeof.html#sec-nvmeof-hardware"><span class="title-number">17.4 </span><span class="title-name">Special hardware configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvmeof.html#sec-nvmeof-boot"><span class="title-number">17.5 </span><span class="title-name">Booting from NVMe-oF over TCP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvmeof.html#sec-nvmeof-more-information"><span class="title-number">17.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-multipath.html"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">Managing multipath I/O for devices</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multipath.html#sec-multipath-intro"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding multipath I/O</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multipath.html#sec-multipath-hardware"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multipath.html#sec-multipath-planning"><span class="title-number">18.3 </span><span class="title-name">Planning for multipathing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multipath.html#sec-multipath-installing"><span class="title-number">18.4 </span><span class="title-name">Installing <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span> on multipath systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multipath.html#sec-multipath-offline-update"><span class="title-number">18.5 </span><span class="title-name">Updating SLE on multipath systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multipath.html#sec-multipath-mpiotools"><span class="title-number">18.6 </span><span class="title-name">Multipath management tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multipath.html#sec-multipath-config"><span class="title-number">18.7 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the system for multipathing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multipath.html#sec-multipath-conf-file"><span class="title-number">18.8 </span><span class="title-name">Multipath configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multipath.html#sec-multipath-policies-default"><span class="title-number">18.9 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring policies for failover, queuing, and failback</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multipath.html#sec-multipath-grouping"><span class="title-number">18.10 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring path grouping and priorities</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multipath.html#sec-multipath-select-devices"><span class="title-number">18.11 </span><span class="title-name">Selecting devices for multipathing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multipath.html#sec-multipath-names"><span class="title-number">18.12 </span><span class="title-name">Multipath device names and WWIDs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multipath.html#sec-multipath-conf-misc"><span class="title-number">18.13 </span><span class="title-name">Miscellaneous options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multipath.html#sec-multipath-best-practice"><span class="title-number">18.14 </span><span class="title-name">Best practice</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multipath.html#sec-multipath-trouble"><span class="title-number">18.15 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting MPIO</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-nfs.html"><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">Sharing file systems with NFS</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nfs.html#sec-nfs-overview"><span class="title-number">19.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nfs.html#sec-nfs-installation"><span class="title-number">19.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing NFS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nfs.html#sec-nfs-configuring-nfs-server"><span class="title-number">19.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring NFS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nfs.html#sec-nfs-configuring-nfs-clients"><span class="title-number">19.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring clients</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nfs.html#sec-nfs-firewall"><span class="title-number">19.5 </span><span class="title-name">Operating an NFS server and clients behind a firewall</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nfs.html#nfs4-acls"><span class="title-number">19.6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing Access Control Lists over NFSv4</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nfs.html#sec-nfs-info"><span class="title-number">19.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nfs.html#sec-nfs-troubleshooting"><span class="title-number">19.8 </span><span class="title-name">Gathering information for NFS troubleshooting</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-samba.html"><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">Samba</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-samba.html#sec-samba-term"><span class="title-number">20.1 </span><span class="title-name">Terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-samba.html#sec-samba-install"><span class="title-number">20.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing a Samba server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-samba.html#sec-samba-serv-start"><span class="title-number">20.3 </span><span class="title-name">Starting and stopping Samba</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-samba.html#sec-samba-serv-inst"><span class="title-number">20.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a Samba server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-samba.html#sec-samba-client-inst"><span class="title-number">20.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring clients</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-samba.html#sec-samba-anmeld-serv"><span class="title-number">20.6 </span><span class="title-name">Samba as login server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-samba.html#sec-samba-adnet"><span class="title-number">20.7 </span><span class="title-name">Samba server in the network with Active Directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-samba.html#sec-samba-advanced"><span class="title-number">20.8 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced topics</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-samba.html#sec-samba-info"><span class="title-number">20.9 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-autofs.html"><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name">On-demand mounting with autofs</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-autofs.html#sec-autofs-installation"><span class="title-number">21.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-autofs.html#sec-autofs-configuration"><span class="title-number">21.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-autofs.html#sec-autofs-debugging"><span class="title-number">21.3 </span><span class="title-name">Operation and debugging</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-autofs.html#sec-autofs-nfs"><span class="title-number">21.4 </span><span class="title-name">Auto-mounting an NFS share</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-autofs.html#sec-autofs-advanced"><span class="title-number">21.5 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced topics</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="bk09apa.html"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="bk09apa.html#id-1.11.7.4"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#id-1.11.3.2.9.7.3.3.4.2"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Enabling Btrfs quotas</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#id-1.11.3.2.9.7.3.3.6.2"><span class="number">1.2 </span><span class="name">Setting quota for a subvolume</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#id-1.11.3.2.9.7.3.3.6.4"><span class="number">1.3 </span><span class="name">List of subvolumes for a device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-lvm.html#fig-lvm-explain"><span class="number">5.1 </span><span class="name">Physical partitioning versus LVM</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-lvm.html#fig-yast2-lvm-physical-volumes"><span class="number">5.2 </span><span class="name">Physical volumes in the volume group named DATA</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-raid.html#fig-yast2-raid3"><span class="number">7.1 </span><span class="name">Example RAID 5 configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-isns.html#id-1.11.6.2.7.4"><span class="number">14.1 </span><span class="name">iSNS discovery domains</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-iscsi.html#id-1.11.6.3.4"><span class="number">15.1 </span><span class="name">iSCSI SAN with an iSNS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-fcoe.html#id-1.11.6.4.4"><span class="number">16.1 </span><span class="name">Open Fibre channel over Ethernet SAN</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-nfs.html#fig-inst-nfsserver1"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">NFS server configuration tool</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-samba.html#id-1.11.6.8.10.4.3.2"><span class="number">20.1 </span><span class="name">Determining Windows domain membership</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-samba.html#id-1.11.6.8.11.4.3"><span class="number">20.2 </span><span class="name">Windows Explorer <span class="guimenu">Advanced Attributes</span> dialog</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-samba.html#id-1.11.6.8.11.4.6"><span class="number">20.3 </span><span class="name">Windows Explorer directory listing with compressed files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-samba.html#fig-yast2-samba-snapshot"><span class="number">20.4 </span><span class="name">Adding a new Samba share with snapshots enabled</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-samba.html#fig-samba-win-explorer"><span class="number">20.5 </span><span class="name">The <span class="guimenu">Previous versions</span> tab in Windows explorer</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#tab-filesystems-other"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">File system types in Linux</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#tab-filesystems-maxsize"><span class="number">1.2 </span><span class="name">Maximum sizes of files and file systems (on-disk format, 4 KiB block size)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#tab-filesystems-stor-limits"><span class="number">1.3 </span><span class="name">Storage limitations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-resize-fs.html#id-1.11.3.3.5.5.3"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">File system support for resizing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-raid.html#id-1.11.5.2.6.8.5"><span class="number">7.1 </span><span class="name">Comparison of RAID 5 and RAID 6</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-raid10.html#id-1.11.5.4.4.6"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Nested RAID levels</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-raid10.html#id-1.11.5.4.4.7.5"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name">Scenario for creating a RAID 10 (1+0) by nesting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-raid10.html#id-1.11.5.4.4.8.6"><span class="number">9.3 </span><span class="name">Scenario for creating a RAID 10 (0+1) by nesting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-raid10.html#id-1.11.5.4.5.4"><span class="number">9.4 </span><span class="name">Complex RAID 10 compared to nested RAID 10</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-raid10.html#id-1.11.5.4.5.8.3"><span class="number">9.5 </span><span class="name">Scenario for creating a RAID 10 using mdadm</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-raid-resize.html#id-1.11.5.6.7"><span class="number">11.1 </span><span class="name">Tasks involved in resizing a RAID</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-raid-resize.html#id-1.11.5.6.9"><span class="number">11.2 </span><span class="name">Scenario for increasing the size of component partitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-raid-leds.html#id-1.11.5.7.9.9.5"><span class="number">12.1 </span><span class="name">Translation between non-SES-2 patterns and SES-2 patterns</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-samba.html#dat-cd-rom"><span class="number">20.1 </span><span class="name">A CD-ROM share</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-samba.html#dat-homes-frei"><span class="number">20.2 </span><span class="name">[homes] share</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-samba.html#dat-samba-smb-conf-dom"><span class="number">20.3 </span><span class="name">Global section in smb.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-samba.html#id-1.11.6.8.11.5.5.3"><span class="number">20.4 </span><span class="name">Using <code class="command">rpcclient</code> to request a Windows server 2012 share snapshot</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.11.1.6"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-storage/cha-raid-resize.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-storage/cha-raid-resize.html
index d92ab47117..799352588a 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-storage/cha-raid-resize.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-storage/cha-raid-resize.html
@@ -235,12 +235,12 @@
       command, you must wait until synchronization is complete before
       continuing.
      </p></li><li class="step"><p>
-      Remove one of the component partitions from the RAID array. For example,
-      to remove <code class="filename">/dev/sda1</code>, enter
-     </p><div class="verbatim-wrap"><pre class="screen"><code class="prompt user">&gt; </code><code class="command">sudo</code> mdadm /dev/md0 --fail /dev/sda1 --remove /dev/sda1</pre></div><p>
-      To succeed, both the fail and remove actions must be specified.
-     </p></li><li class="step"><p>
-      Increase the size of the partition that you removed in the previous step
+    Attach the device you want use in the RAID, for example <code class="filename">/dev/sda2</code>, but do not mount it.
+    </p></li><li class="step"><p>
+      Replace one of the component partitions from the RAID array. For example,
+      to replace <code class="filename">/dev/sda1</code> with the bigger device <code class="filename">/dev/sda2</code>, enter
+     </p><div class="verbatim-wrap"><pre class="screen"><code class="prompt user">&gt; </code><code class="command">sudo</code> mdadm /dev/md0 --replace /dev/sda1 --with /dev/sda2</pre></div></li><li class="step"><p>
+      Increase the size of the partition (<code class="filename">/dev/sda2</code>)
       by doing one of the following:
      </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist"><li class="listitem"><p>
         Increase the size of the partition, using a disk partitioner such as
@@ -254,12 +254,6 @@
         data because all of the data that was on the original device must be
         rebuilt.
        </p></li></ul></div></li><li class="step"><p>
-      Re-add the partition to the RAID array. For example, to add
-      <code class="filename">/dev/sda1</code>, enter
-     </p><div class="verbatim-wrap"><pre class="screen"><code class="prompt user">&gt; </code><code class="command">sudo</code> mdadm -a /dev/md0 /dev/sda1</pre></div><p>
-      Wait until the RAID is synchronized and consistent before continuing with
-      the next partition.
-     </p></li><li class="step"><p>
       Repeat these steps for each of the remaining component devices in the
       array. Ensure that you modify the commands for the correct component
       partition.
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-storage/index.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-storage/index.html
index 762288492b..1d501934c0 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-storage/index.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-storage/index.html
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_storage.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">Storage Administration Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">Storage Administration Guide</div><ol><li><a href="storage-preface.html" class=" "><span class="title-number"> </span><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></li><li><a href="part-filesystems.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">File systems and mounting</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-filesystems.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview of file systems in Linux</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-resize-fs.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Resizing file systems</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-uuid.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Mounting storage devices</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-multitiercache.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Multi-tier caching for block device operations</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-lvm.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Logical volumes (LVM)</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-lvm.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">LVM configuration</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-lvm-snapshots.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">LVM volume snapshots</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-software-raid.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Software RAID</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-raid.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Software RAID configuration</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-raidroot.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring software RAID for the root partition</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-raid10.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Creating software RAID 10 devices</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-raid-degraded.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a degraded RAID array</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-raid-resize.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">Resizing software RAID arrays with mdadm</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-raid-leds.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Storage enclosure LED utilities for MD software RAIDs</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-raidtroubleshooting.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting software RAIDs</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-net-storage.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Network storage</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-isns.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">iSNS for Linux</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-iscsi.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Mass storage over IP networks: iSCSI</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-fcoe.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Fibre Channel storage over Ethernet networks: FCoE</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-nvmeof.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">NVMe-oF</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-multipath.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">Managing multipath I/O for devices</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-nfs.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">Sharing file systems with NFS</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-samba.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">Samba</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-autofs.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name">On-demand mounting with autofs</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="bk09apa.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></li> </ol> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-storage" data-id-title="Storage Administration Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">Storage Administration Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_storage.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p>
     This guide provides information about how to manage storage
     devices on a SUSE Linux Enterprise Server.
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-storage.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Storage Administration Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-storage.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Storage Administration Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="storage-preface.html"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="storage-preface.html#id-1.11.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="storage-preface.html#id-1.11.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="storage-preface.html#id-1.11.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="storage-preface.html#id-1.11.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-filesystems.html"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">File systems and mounting</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-filesystems.html"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview of file systems in Linux</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#sec-filesystems-glossary"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#sec-filesystems-major-btrfs"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Btrfs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#sec-filesystems-major-xfs"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">XFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#sec-filesystems-major-ext2"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">Ext2</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#sec-filesystems-major-ext3"><span class="title-number">1.5 </span><span class="title-name">Ext3</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#sec-filesystems-major-ext4"><span class="title-number">1.6 </span><span class="title-name">Ext4</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#sec-filesystems-major-reiser"><span class="title-number">1.7 </span><span class="title-name">ReiserFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#sec-filessytems-zfs"><span class="title-number">1.8 </span><span class="title-name">OpenZFS and ZFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#sec-filesystems-tmpfs"><span class="title-number">1.9 </span><span class="title-name">tmpfs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#sec-filesystems-other"><span class="title-number">1.10 </span><span class="title-name">Other supported file systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#sec-blacklist-filsystem"><span class="title-number">1.11 </span><span class="title-name">Blocked file systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#sec-filesystems-lfs"><span class="title-number">1.12 </span><span class="title-name">Large file support in Linux</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#sec-filesystems-stor-limits"><span class="title-number">1.13 </span><span class="title-name">Linux kernel storage limitations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#sec-filesystems-trouble-trim"><span class="title-number">1.14 </span><span class="title-name">Freeing unused file system blocks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#sec-filesystems-trouble"><span class="title-number">1.15 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting file systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#sec-filesystems-info"><span class="title-number">1.16 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-resize-fs.html"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Resizing file systems</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-resize-fs.html#sec-resize-fs-usecases"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Use cases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-resize-fs.html#sec-resize-fs-guidelines"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Guidelines for resizing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-resize-fs.html#sec-resize-fs-btrfs"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the size of a Btrfs file system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-resize-fs.html#sec-resize-fs-xfs"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the size of an XFS file system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-resize-fs.html#sec-resize-fs-ext"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the size of an ext2, ext3, or ext4 file system</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-uuid.html"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Mounting storage devices</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-uuid.html#sec-uuid-understanduuid"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding UUIDs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-uuid.html#sec-uuid-udev"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Persistent device names with udev</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-uuid.html#sec-netdev-option"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Mounting network storage devices</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-multitiercache.html"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Multi-tier caching for block device operations</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multitiercache.html#sec-multitiercache-terminology"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">General terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multitiercache.html#sec-multitiercache-caching-modes"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Caching modes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multitiercache.html#sec-multitiercache-bcache"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">bcache</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multitiercache.html#sec-multitiercache-lvmcache"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">lvmcache</code></span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-lvm.html"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Logical volumes (LVM)</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-lvm.html"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">LVM configuration</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lvm.html#sec-lvm-explained"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding the logical volume manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lvm.html#sec-lvm-vg"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating volume groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lvm.html#sec-lvm-lv"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Creating logical volumes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lvm.html#sec-lvm-activate-vgs"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Automatically activating non-root LVM volume groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lvm.html#sec-lvm-vg-resize"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">Resizing an existing volume group</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lvm.html#sec-lvm-lv-resize"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Resizing a logical volume</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lvm.html#sec-lvm-delete"><span class="title-number">5.7 </span><span class="title-name">Deleting a volume group or a logical volume</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lvm.html#sec-lvm-onboot"><span class="title-number">5.8 </span><span class="title-name">Disabling LVM on boot</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lvm.html#sec-lvm-cli"><span class="title-number">5.9 </span><span class="title-name">Using LVM commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lvm.html#sec-lvm-tagging"><span class="title-number">5.10 </span><span class="title-name">Tagging LVM2 storage objects</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-lvm-snapshots.html"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">LVM volume snapshots</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lvm-snapshots.html#sec-lvm-snapshots-intro"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding volume snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lvm-snapshots.html#sec-lvm-snapshots-create"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating Linux snapshots with LVM</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lvm-snapshots.html#sec-lvm-snapshots-monitor"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring a snapshot</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lvm-snapshots.html#sec-lvm-snapshots-delete"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">Deleting Linux snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lvm-snapshots.html#sec-lvm-snapshots-xen-host"><span class="title-number">6.5 </span><span class="title-name">Using snapshots for virtual machines on a virtual host</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-lvm-snapshots.html#sec-lvm-snapshots-rollback"><span class="title-number">6.6 </span><span class="title-name">Merging a snapshot with the source logical volume to revert changes or roll back to a previous state</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-software-raid.html"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Software RAID</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-raid.html"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Software RAID configuration</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-raid.html#sec-raid-intro"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding RAID levels</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-raid.html#sec-raid-yast"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Soft RAID configuration with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-raid.html#sec-arm-raid"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring stripe size on RAID 5 on AArch64</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-raid.html#sec-raid-counters"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring software RAIDs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-raid.html#sec-raid-more"><span class="title-number">7.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-raidroot.html"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring software RAID for the root partition</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-raidroot.html#sec-raidroot-require"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Prerequisites for using a software RAID device for the root partition</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-raidroot.html#sec-raidroot-setup"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up the system with a software RAID device for the root (<code class="filename">/</code>) partition</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-raid10.html"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Creating software RAID 10 devices</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-raid10.html#sec-raid10-nest"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">Creating nested RAID 10 devices with <code class="command">mdadm</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-raid10.html#sec-raid10-complex"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a complex RAID 10</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-raid-degraded.html"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a degraded RAID array</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-raid-resize.html"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">Resizing software RAID arrays with mdadm</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-raid-resize.html#sec-raid-resize-incr"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Increasing the size of a software RAID</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-raid-resize.html#sec-raid-resize-decr"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Decreasing the size of a software RAID</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-raid-leds.html"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Storage enclosure LED utilities for MD software RAIDs</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-raid-leds.html#sec-raid-leds-ledmon"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">The storage enclosure LED monitor service</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-raid-leds.html#sec-raid-leds-ledctl"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">The storage enclosure LED control application</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-raid-leds.html#sec-raid-leds-info"><span class="title-number">12.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-raidtroubleshooting.html"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting software RAIDs</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-raidtroubleshooting.html#sec-raid-trouble-autorecovery"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Recovery after failing disk is back again</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-net-storage.html"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Network storage</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-isns.html"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">iSNS for Linux</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-isns.html#sec-isns-overview"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">How iSNS works</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-isns.html#sec-isns-install"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing iSNS server for Linux</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-isns.html#sec-isns-domains"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring iSNS discovery domains</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-isns.html#sec-isns-start"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">Starting the iSNS service</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-isns.html#sec-isns-info"><span class="title-number">14.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-iscsi.html"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Mass storage over IP networks: iSCSI</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-iscsi.html#sec-iscsi-install"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installing the iSCSI LIO target server and iSCSI initiator</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-iscsi.html#sec-iscsi-target"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an iSCSI LIO target server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-iscsi.html#sec-iscsi-initiator"><span class="title-number">15.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring iSCSI initiator</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-iscsi.html#sec-iscsi-targetcli"><span class="title-number">15.4 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up software targets using targetcli-fb</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-iscsi.html#sec-iscsi-installation"><span class="title-number">15.5 </span><span class="title-name">Using iSCSI disks when installing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-iscsi.html#sec-iscsi-trouble"><span class="title-number">15.6 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting iSCSI</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-iscsi.html#sec-iscsi-terminology"><span class="title-number">15.7 </span><span class="title-name">iSCSI LIO target terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-iscsi.html#sec-iscsi-info"><span class="title-number">15.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-fcoe.html"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Fibre Channel storage over Ethernet networks: FCoE</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-fcoe.html#sec-fcoe-installation"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring FCoE interfaces during the installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-fcoe.html#sec-fcoe-install"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing FCoE and the YaST FCoE client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-fcoe.html#sec-fcoe-yast"><span class="title-number">16.3 </span><span class="title-name">Managing FCoE services with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-fcoe.html#sec-fcoe-cli"><span class="title-number">16.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring FCoE with commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-fcoe.html#sec-fcoe-admin"><span class="title-number">16.5 </span><span class="title-name">Managing FCoE instances with the FCoE administration tool</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-fcoe.html#sec-fcoe-info"><span class="title-number">16.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-nvmeof.html"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">NVMe-oF</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvmeof.html#sec-nvmeof-overview"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvmeof.html#sec-nvmeof-host-configuration"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an NVMe-oF host</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvmeof.html#sec-nvmeof-target-configuration"><span class="title-number">17.3 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an NVMe-oF target</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvmeof.html#sec-nvmeof-hardware"><span class="title-number">17.4 </span><span class="title-name">Special hardware configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvmeof.html#sec-nvmeof-boot"><span class="title-number">17.5 </span><span class="title-name">Booting from NVMe-oF over TCP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nvmeof.html#sec-nvmeof-more-information"><span class="title-number">17.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-multipath.html"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">Managing multipath I/O for devices</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multipath.html#sec-multipath-intro"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding multipath I/O</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multipath.html#sec-multipath-hardware"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multipath.html#sec-multipath-planning"><span class="title-number">18.3 </span><span class="title-name">Planning for multipathing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multipath.html#sec-multipath-installing"><span class="title-number">18.4 </span><span class="title-name">Installing <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span> on multipath systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multipath.html#sec-multipath-offline-update"><span class="title-number">18.5 </span><span class="title-name">Updating SLE on multipath systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multipath.html#sec-multipath-mpiotools"><span class="title-number">18.6 </span><span class="title-name">Multipath management tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multipath.html#sec-multipath-config"><span class="title-number">18.7 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the system for multipathing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multipath.html#sec-multipath-conf-file"><span class="title-number">18.8 </span><span class="title-name">Multipath configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multipath.html#sec-multipath-policies-default"><span class="title-number">18.9 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring policies for failover, queuing, and failback</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multipath.html#sec-multipath-grouping"><span class="title-number">18.10 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring path grouping and priorities</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multipath.html#sec-multipath-select-devices"><span class="title-number">18.11 </span><span class="title-name">Selecting devices for multipathing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multipath.html#sec-multipath-names"><span class="title-number">18.12 </span><span class="title-name">Multipath device names and WWIDs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multipath.html#sec-multipath-conf-misc"><span class="title-number">18.13 </span><span class="title-name">Miscellaneous options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multipath.html#sec-multipath-best-practice"><span class="title-number">18.14 </span><span class="title-name">Best practice</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-multipath.html#sec-multipath-trouble"><span class="title-number">18.15 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting MPIO</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-nfs.html"><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">Sharing file systems with NFS</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nfs.html#sec-nfs-overview"><span class="title-number">19.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nfs.html#sec-nfs-installation"><span class="title-number">19.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing NFS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nfs.html#sec-nfs-configuring-nfs-server"><span class="title-number">19.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring NFS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nfs.html#sec-nfs-configuring-nfs-clients"><span class="title-number">19.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring clients</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nfs.html#sec-nfs-firewall"><span class="title-number">19.5 </span><span class="title-name">Operating an NFS server and clients behind a firewall</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nfs.html#nfs4-acls"><span class="title-number">19.6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing Access Control Lists over NFSv4</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nfs.html#sec-nfs-info"><span class="title-number">19.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-nfs.html#sec-nfs-troubleshooting"><span class="title-number">19.8 </span><span class="title-name">Gathering information for NFS troubleshooting</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-samba.html"><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">Samba</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-samba.html#sec-samba-term"><span class="title-number">20.1 </span><span class="title-name">Terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-samba.html#sec-samba-install"><span class="title-number">20.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing a Samba server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-samba.html#sec-samba-serv-start"><span class="title-number">20.3 </span><span class="title-name">Starting and stopping Samba</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-samba.html#sec-samba-serv-inst"><span class="title-number">20.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a Samba server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-samba.html#sec-samba-client-inst"><span class="title-number">20.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring clients</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-samba.html#sec-samba-anmeld-serv"><span class="title-number">20.6 </span><span class="title-name">Samba as login server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-samba.html#sec-samba-adnet"><span class="title-number">20.7 </span><span class="title-name">Samba server in the network with Active Directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-samba.html#sec-samba-advanced"><span class="title-number">20.8 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced topics</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-samba.html#sec-samba-info"><span class="title-number">20.9 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-autofs.html"><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name">On-demand mounting with autofs</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-autofs.html#sec-autofs-installation"><span class="title-number">21.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-autofs.html#sec-autofs-configuration"><span class="title-number">21.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-autofs.html#sec-autofs-debugging"><span class="title-number">21.3 </span><span class="title-name">Operation and debugging</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-autofs.html#sec-autofs-nfs"><span class="title-number">21.4 </span><span class="title-name">Auto-mounting an NFS share</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-autofs.html#sec-autofs-advanced"><span class="title-number">21.5 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced topics</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="bk09apa.html"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="bk09apa.html#id-1.11.7.4"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#id-1.11.3.2.9.7.3.3.4.2"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Enabling Btrfs quotas</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#id-1.11.3.2.9.7.3.3.6.2"><span class="number">1.2 </span><span class="name">Setting quota for a subvolume</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#id-1.11.3.2.9.7.3.3.6.4"><span class="number">1.3 </span><span class="name">List of subvolumes for a device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-lvm.html#fig-lvm-explain"><span class="number">5.1 </span><span class="name">Physical partitioning versus LVM</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-lvm.html#fig-yast2-lvm-physical-volumes"><span class="number">5.2 </span><span class="name">Physical volumes in the volume group named DATA</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-raid.html#fig-yast2-raid3"><span class="number">7.1 </span><span class="name">Example RAID 5 configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-isns.html#id-1.11.6.2.7.4"><span class="number">14.1 </span><span class="name">iSNS discovery domains</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-iscsi.html#id-1.11.6.3.4"><span class="number">15.1 </span><span class="name">iSCSI SAN with an iSNS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-fcoe.html#id-1.11.6.4.4"><span class="number">16.1 </span><span class="name">Open Fibre channel over Ethernet SAN</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-nfs.html#fig-inst-nfsserver1"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">NFS server configuration tool</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-samba.html#id-1.11.6.8.10.4.3.2"><span class="number">20.1 </span><span class="name">Determining Windows domain membership</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-samba.html#id-1.11.6.8.11.4.3"><span class="number">20.2 </span><span class="name">Windows Explorer <span class="guimenu">Advanced Attributes</span> dialog</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-samba.html#id-1.11.6.8.11.4.6"><span class="number">20.3 </span><span class="name">Windows Explorer directory listing with compressed files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-samba.html#fig-yast2-samba-snapshot"><span class="number">20.4 </span><span class="name">Adding a new Samba share with snapshots enabled</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-samba.html#fig-samba-win-explorer"><span class="number">20.5 </span><span class="name">The <span class="guimenu">Previous versions</span> tab in Windows explorer</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#tab-filesystems-other"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">File system types in Linux</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#tab-filesystems-maxsize"><span class="number">1.2 </span><span class="name">Maximum sizes of files and file systems (on-disk format, 4 KiB block size)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-filesystems.html#tab-filesystems-stor-limits"><span class="number">1.3 </span><span class="name">Storage limitations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-resize-fs.html#id-1.11.3.3.5.5.3"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">File system support for resizing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-raid.html#id-1.11.5.2.6.8.5"><span class="number">7.1 </span><span class="name">Comparison of RAID 5 and RAID 6</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-raid10.html#id-1.11.5.4.4.6"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Nested RAID levels</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-raid10.html#id-1.11.5.4.4.7.5"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name">Scenario for creating a RAID 10 (1+0) by nesting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-raid10.html#id-1.11.5.4.4.8.6"><span class="number">9.3 </span><span class="name">Scenario for creating a RAID 10 (0+1) by nesting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-raid10.html#id-1.11.5.4.5.4"><span class="number">9.4 </span><span class="name">Complex RAID 10 compared to nested RAID 10</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-raid10.html#id-1.11.5.4.5.8.3"><span class="number">9.5 </span><span class="name">Scenario for creating a RAID 10 using mdadm</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-raid-resize.html#id-1.11.5.6.7"><span class="number">11.1 </span><span class="name">Tasks involved in resizing a RAID</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-raid-resize.html#id-1.11.5.6.9"><span class="number">11.2 </span><span class="name">Scenario for increasing the size of component partitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-raid-leds.html#id-1.11.5.7.9.9.5"><span class="number">12.1 </span><span class="name">Translation between non-SES-2 patterns and SES-2 patterns</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-samba.html#dat-cd-rom"><span class="number">20.1 </span><span class="name">A CD-ROM share</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-samba.html#dat-homes-frei"><span class="number">20.2 </span><span class="name">[homes] share</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-samba.html#dat-samba-smb-conf-dom"><span class="number">20.3 </span><span class="name">Global section in smb.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-samba.html#id-1.11.6.8.11.5.5.3"><span class="number">20.4 </span><span class="name">Using <code class="command">rpcclient</code> to request a Windows server 2012 share snapshot</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.11.1.6"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-tuning/book-tuning.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-tuning/book-tuning.html
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 });
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_tuning.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">System Analysis and Tuning Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">System Analysis and Tuning Guide</div><ol><li><a href="preface-tuning.html" class=" "><span class="title-number"> </span><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></li><li><a href="part-tuning-basics.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Basics</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-tuning-basics.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">General notes on system tuning</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-tuning-monitoring.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">System monitoring</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-util.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">System monitoring utilities</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">System log files</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-tuning-kerneltrace.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Kernel monitoring</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">SystemTap—filtering and analyzing system data</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-kprobes.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel probes</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-perf.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware-based performance monitoring with Perf</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-oprofile.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">OProfile—system-wide profiler</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-dynamic-debug.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic debug—kernel debugging messages</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-tuning-resources.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Resource management</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-tuning-resources.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">General system resource management</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-cgroups.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel control groups</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-numactl.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">Automatic Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) balancing</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-power.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Power management</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Adaptive and dynamic tuning using TuneD</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-tuning-kernel.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Kernel tuning</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-tuning-io.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning I/O performance</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-taskscheduler.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the task scheduler</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-memory.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the memory management subsystem</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-network.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the network</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-sapconf.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning SUSE Linux Enterprise for SAP</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-tuning-dumps.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">Handling system dumps</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-tuning-tracing.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">Tracing tools</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">Kexec and Kdump</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-systemd-coredump.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name">Using <code class="systemitem">systemd-coredump</code> to debug application crashes</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-tuning-ptp.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">VII </span><span class="title-name">Synchronized clocks with Precision Time Protocol</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">22 </span><span class="title-name">Precision Time Protocol</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="bk07apa.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></li> </ol> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-tuning" data-id-title="System Analysis and Tuning Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">System Analysis and Tuning Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_tuning.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p> This guide supports administrators in problem detection,
-     resolution and optimization. </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-tuning.html" target="_blank">Revision History: System Analysis and Tuning Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+     resolution and optimization. </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-tuning.html" target="_blank">Revision History: System Analysis and Tuning Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="preface-tuning.html"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-tuning.html#id-1.9.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-tuning.html#id-1.9.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-tuning.html#id-1.9.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-tuning.html#id-1.9.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-tuning-basics.html"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Basics</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-basics.html"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">General notes on system tuning</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-basics.html#sec-tuning-basics-what"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Be sure what problem to solve</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-basics.html#sec-tuning-basics-common"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Rule out common problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-basics.html#sec-tuning-basics-bottleneck"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Finding the bottleneck</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-basics.html#sec-tuning-basics-tuning"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">Step-by-step tuning</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-tuning-monitoring.html"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">System monitoring</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-util.html"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">System monitoring utilities</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-multi"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Multi-purpose tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-system"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">System information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-processes"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Processes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-memory"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-networking"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Networking</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-proc"><span class="title-number">2.6 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="filename">/proc</code> file system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-hardware"><span class="title-number">2.7 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-file"><span class="title-number">2.8 </span><span class="title-name">Files and file systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-user"><span class="title-number">2.9 </span><span class="title-name">User information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-time"><span class="title-number">2.10 </span><span class="title-name">Time and date</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-rrdtool"><span class="title-number">2.11 </span><span class="title-name">Graph your data: RRDtool</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">System log files</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html#sec-tuning-syslog-logs"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">System log files in <code class="filename">/var/log/</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html#sec-tuning-syslog-view"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing and parsing log files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html#sec-tuning-syslog-logrotate"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Managing log files with <code class="command">logrotate</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html#sec-tuning-syslog-logwatch"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring log files with <code class="command">logwatch</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html#sec-tuning-syslog-forward"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring mail forwarding for <code class="systemitem">root</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html#sec-tuning-syslog-server"><span class="title-number">3.6 </span><span class="title-name">Forwarding log messages to a central syslog server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html#sec-tuning-syslog-logger"><span class="title-number">3.7 </span><span class="title-name">Using <code class="command">logger</code> to make system log entries</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-tuning-kerneltrace.html"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Kernel monitoring</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">SystemTap—filtering and analyzing system data</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#sec-tuning-systemtap-concept"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#sec-tuning-systemtap-setup"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation and setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#sec-tuning-systemtap-syntax"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Script syntax</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#sec-tuning-systemtap-example"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">Example script</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#sec-tuning-systemtap-userspace"><span class="title-number">4.5 </span><span class="title-name">User space probing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#sec-tuning-systemtap-more"><span class="title-number">4.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-kprobes.html"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel probes</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kprobes.html#cha-tuning-kprobes-supparch"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Supported architectures</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kprobes.html#cha-tuning-kprobes-types"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Types of kernel probes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kprobes.html#cha-tuning-kprobes-api"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Kprobes API</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kprobes.html#cha-tuning-kprobes-debugfs"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">debugfs</code> Interface</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kprobes.html#cha-tuning-kprobes-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-perf.html"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware-based performance monitoring with Perf</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-perf.html#sec-perf-concept"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware-based monitoring</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-perf.html#sec-perf-sample-count"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Sampling and counting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-perf.html#sec-perf-install"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing Perf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-perf.html#sec-perf-subcommand"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">Perf subcommands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-perf.html#sec-perf-event"><span class="title-number">6.5 </span><span class="title-name">Counting particular types of event</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-perf.html#sec-perf-command"><span class="title-number">6.6 </span><span class="title-name">Recording events specific to particular commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-perf.html#sec-perf-more"><span class="title-number">6.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-oprofile.html"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">OProfile—system-wide profiler</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-oprofile.html#sec-tuning-oprofile-overview"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-oprofile.html#sec-tuning-oprofile-install"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation and requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-oprofile.html#sec-tuning-oprofile-utils"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Available OProfile utilities</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-oprofile.html#sec-tuning-oprofile-using"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using OProfile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-oprofile.html#sec-tuning-oprofiles-report"><span class="title-number">7.5 </span><span class="title-name">Generating reports</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-oprofile.html#sec-tuning-oprofile-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">7.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-dynamic-debug.html"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic debug—kernel debugging messages</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-dynamic-debug.html#sec-tuning-dynamic-debug-benefits"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Benefits of dynamic debugging</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-dynamic-debug.html#sec-tuning-dynamic-debug-check"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Checking the status of dynamic debug</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-dynamic-debug.html#sec-tuning-dynamic-debug-use"><span class="title-number">8.3 </span><span class="title-name">Using dynamic debug</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-dynamic-debug.html#sec-tuning-dynamic-debug-view"><span class="title-number">8.4 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing the dynamic debug messages</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-tuning-resources.html"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Resource management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-resources.html"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">General system resource management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-resources.html#cha-tuning-resources-installation"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">Planning the installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-resources.html#cha-tuning-resources-services"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Disabling unnecessary services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-resources.html#cha-tuning-resources-disk"><span class="title-number">9.3 </span><span class="title-name">File systems and disk access</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-cgroups.html"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel control groups</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-cgroups.html#sec-tuning-cgroups-overview"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-cgroups.html#sec-tuning-cgroups-accounting"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Resource accounting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-cgroups.html#sec-tuning-cgroups-usage"><span class="title-number">10.3 </span><span class="title-name">Setting resource limits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-cgroups.html#sec-tuning-cgroups-tasksmax"><span class="title-number">10.4 </span><span class="title-name">Preventing fork bombs with <code class="literal">TasksMax</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-cgroups.html#sec-control-io-cgroups"><span class="title-number">10.5 </span><span class="title-name">I/O control with cgroups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-cgroups.html#id-1.9.6.3.8"><span class="title-number">10.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-numactl.html"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">Automatic Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) balancing</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-numactl.html#sec-tuning-numactl-implementation"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Implementation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-numactl.html#sec-tuning-numactl-configuration"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-numactl.html#sec-tuning-numactl-monitoring"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-numactl.html#sec-tuning-numactl-impact"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Impact</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Power management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#sec-tuning-power-cpu"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">Power management at CPU Level</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#sec-tuning-power-governors"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">In-kernel governors</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#sec-tuning-power-tools-cpupower"><span class="title-number">12.3 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="systemitem">cpupower</code> tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#sec-tuning-power-options"><span class="title-number">12.4 </span><span class="title-name">Special tuning options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#sec-tuning-power-trouble"><span class="title-number">12.5 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#sec-tuning-power-more"><span class="title-number">12.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#sec-tuning-power-tools-powertop"><span class="title-number">12.7 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring power consumption with powerTOP</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Adaptive and dynamic tuning using TuneD</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#sec-tuning-tuned-introduction"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to TuneD</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#sec-tuning-tuned-components"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Components of TuneD</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#sec-tuning-tuned-management"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">Managing TuneD</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#sec-tuning-tuned-profiles"><span class="title-number">13.4 </span><span class="title-name">TuneD profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#sec-tuning-tuned-configuration"><span class="title-number">13.5 </span><span class="title-name">TuneD configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#sec-tuning-tuned-plugins"><span class="title-number">13.6 </span><span class="title-name">TuneD plug-ins</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#sec-tuning-tuned-more"><span class="title-number">13.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-tuning-kernel.html"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Kernel tuning</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-io.html"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning I/O performance</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-io.html#cha-tuning-io-switch"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">Switching I/O scheduling</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-io.html#cha-tuning-io-schedulers-blkmq"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Available I/O elevators with blk-mq I/O path</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-io.html#cha-tuning-io-barrier"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">I/O barrier tuning</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-taskscheduler.html"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the task scheduler</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-taskscheduler.html#sec-tuning-taskscheduler-intro"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-taskscheduler.html#sec-tuning-taskscheduler-policy-class"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Process classification</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-taskscheduler.html#sec-tuning-taskscheduler-cfs"><span class="title-number">15.3 </span><span class="title-name">Completely Fair Scheduler</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-taskscheduler.html#cha-tuning-taskscheduler-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">15.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-memory.html"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the memory management subsystem</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-memory.html#cha-tuning-memory-usage"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Memory usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-memory.html#cha-tuning-memory-optimize"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">Reducing memory usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-memory.html#cha-tuning-memory-vm"><span class="title-number">16.3 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual memory manager (VM) tunable parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-memory.html#cha-tuning-memory-monitoring"><span class="title-number">16.4 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring VM behavior</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-network.html"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the network</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-network.html#sec-tuning-network-buffers"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configurable kernel socket buffers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-network.html#sec-tuning-network-analyzing"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name">Detecting network bottlenecks and analyzing network traffic</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-network.html#sec-tuning-network-netfilter"><span class="title-number">17.3 </span><span class="title-name">Netfilter</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-network.html#sec-tuning-network-rps"><span class="title-number">17.4 </span><span class="title-name">Improving the network performance with receive packet steering (RPS)</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-sapconf.html"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning SUSE Linux Enterprise for SAP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-sapconf.html#sec-sapconf-5"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning SLE Systems with <code class="literal">sapconf</code> 5</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-tuning-dumps.html"><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">Handling system dumps</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-tracing.html"><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">Tracing tools</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-tracing.html#sec-tuning-tracing-strace"><span class="title-number">19.1 </span><span class="title-name">Tracing system calls with strace</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-tracing.html#sec-tuning-tracing-ltrace"><span class="title-number">19.2 </span><span class="title-name">Tracing library calls with ltrace</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-tracing.html#sec-tuning-tracing-valgrind"><span class="title-number">19.3 </span><span class="title-name">Debugging and profiling with Valgrind</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-tracing.html#sec-tuning-tracing-valgrind-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">19.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html"><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">Kexec and Kdump</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kexec-intro"><span class="title-number">20.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kexec-pkgs"><span class="title-number">20.2 </span><span class="title-name">Required packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kexec-internals"><span class="title-number">20.3 </span><span class="title-name">Kexec internals</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#sec-tuning-kexec-crashkernel"><span class="title-number">20.4 </span><span class="title-name">Calculating <code class="option">crashkernel</code> allocation size</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kexec-basic-usage"><span class="title-number">20.5 </span><span class="title-name">Basic Kexec usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kexec-config"><span class="title-number">20.6 </span><span class="title-name">How to configure Kexec for routine reboots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kdump-basic"><span class="title-number">20.7 </span><span class="title-name">Basic Kdump configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kdump-analyze"><span class="title-number">20.8 </span><span class="title-name">Analyzing the crash dump</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kdump-advanced"><span class="title-number">20.9 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced Kdump configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kdump-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">20.10 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-systemd-coredump.html"><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name">Using <code class="systemitem">systemd-coredump</code> to debug application crashes</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-systemd-coredump.html#sect-sys-coredump-default"><span class="title-number">21.1 </span><span class="title-name">Use and configuration</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-tuning-ptp.html"><span class="title-number">VII </span><span class="title-name">Synchronized clocks with Precision Time Protocol</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html"><span class="title-number">22 </span><span class="title-name">Precision Time Protocol</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#tuning-ptp-intro"><span class="title-number">22.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to PTP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#tuning-ptp-using"><span class="title-number">22.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using PTP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#tuning-ptp-phc2sys"><span class="title-number">22.3 </span><span class="title-name">Synchronizing the clocks with <code class="command">phc2sys</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#tuning-ptp-examples"><span class="title-number">22.4 </span><span class="title-name">Examples of configurations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#tuning-ptp-ntp"><span class="title-number">22.5 </span><span class="title-name">PTP and NTP</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="bk07apa.html"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="bk07apa.html#id-1.9.10.4"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-util.html#util-rrdtool-example-create-graph1"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">Example graph created with RRDtool</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#fig-powertop-curses"><span class="number">12.1 </span><span class="name">powerTOP in interactive mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#fig-powertop-html"><span class="number">12.2 </span><span class="name">HTML powerTOP report</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#fig-tuning-kdump-basic-yast-kdump1"><span class="number">20.1 </span><span class="name">YaST Kdump module: start-up page</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-util.html#id-1.9.4.2.11.5.5"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">List of query options of <code class="command">ethtool</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#tab-tuning-power-cstates"><span class="number">12.1 </span><span class="name">C-states</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-tuning-io.html#tab-tunables-mq-deadline"><span class="number">14.1 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">MQ-DEADLINE</code> tunable parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-tuning-io.html#tab-tunables-bfq"><span class="number">14.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">BFQ</code> tunable parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-tuning-io.html#tab-tunables-kyber"><span class="number">14.3 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">KYBER</code> tunable parameters</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-util.html#id-1.9.4.2.7.3.5"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">vmstat</code> output on a lightly used machine</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-util.html#id-1.9.4.2.7.3.6"><span class="number">2.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">vmstat</code> output on a heavily used machine (CPU bound)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html#ex-tuning-syslog-logrotate-config"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">Example for <code class="filename">/etc/logrotate.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#ex-tuning-stap-simple"><span class="number">4.1 </span><span class="name">Simple SystemTap script</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#ex-tuning-stap-async"><span class="number">4.2 </span><span class="name">Probe with timer event</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#ex-tuning-stap-printf-formatspec"><span class="number">4.3 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">printf</code> Function with format specifiers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#id-1.9.5.2.6.8.4.3.6"><span class="number">4.4 </span><span class="name">Using global variables</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#id-1.9.5.2.7.4"><span class="number">4.5 </span><span class="name">Monitoring incoming TCP connections with <code class="literal">tcp_connections.stp</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#id-1.9.6.5.5.4.3"><span class="number">12.1 </span><span class="name">Example output of <code class="command">cpupower frequency-info</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#id-1.9.6.5.5.5.3"><span class="number">12.2 </span><span class="name">Example output of <code class="command">cpupower idle-info</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#ex-cpupower-monitor"><span class="number">12.3 </span><span class="name">Example <code class="command">cpupower monitor</code> output</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.6.4.6.5"><span class="number">13.1 </span><span class="name">Creating and applying a profile hook</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.6.4.6.5.3.1.2"><span class="number">13.2 </span><span class="name">Custom hook script to handle specific tasks before applying the custom profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.6.4.6.5.3.3.2"><span class="number">13.3 </span><span class="name">TuneD profile with custom script path</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.7.4.4"><span class="number">13.4 </span><span class="name">Default global TuneD configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.7.6.5.4"><span class="number">13.5 </span><span class="name">Merging <code class="literal">balanced</code> and <code class="literal">powersave</code> TuneD profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.7.6.5.4.2.3.2"><span class="number">13.6 </span><span class="name">Merged configuration for <code class="literal">balanced</code> and <code class="literal">powersave</code> TuneD profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.2.2.8"><span class="number">13.7 </span><span class="name">Automatic reload of kernel modules by TuneD</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.3.2.5"><span class="number">13.8 </span><span class="name">TuneD plug-in configuration for CPU-intensive workload</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.4.2.2"><span class="number">13.9 </span><span class="name">TuneD plug-in configuration for optimal audio performance</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.6.2.5"><span class="number">13.10 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">disk</code> plug-in configuration in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.8.2.6"><span class="number">13.11 </span><span class="name">Using dynamic variables for plug-in configurations in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.9.2.10"><span class="number">13.12 </span><span class="name">Sample configuration for the <code class="literal">sysctl</code> plug-in in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.10.2.2"><span class="number">13.13 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">sysfs</code> plug-in configuration in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.11.2.2"><span class="number">13.14 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">systemd</code> plug-in configuration in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.12.2.4"><span class="number">13.15 </span><span class="name">Using variables for including a relative script path in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.13.2.4"><span class="number">13.16 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">scheduler</code> plug-in configuration in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.14.2.5"><span class="number">13.17 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">bootloader</code> plug-in configuration in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.15.2.4"><span class="number">13.18 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">net</code> plug-in configuration in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.16.2.4"><span class="number">13.19 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">vm</code> plug-in configuration in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-sapconf.html#ex-sapconf-change-parameter-5"><span class="number">18.1 </span><span class="name">Checking Parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#id-1.9.9.2.8.3"><span class="number">22.1 </span><span class="name">Slave clock using software time stamping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#id-1.9.9.2.8.4"><span class="number">22.2 </span><span class="name">Slave clock using hardware time stamping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#id-1.9.9.2.8.5"><span class="number">22.3 </span><span class="name">Master clock using hardware time stamping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#id-1.9.9.2.8.6"><span class="number">22.4 </span><span class="name">Master clock using software time stamping (not generally recommended)</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.9.1.5"><p>
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 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_tuning.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">System Analysis and Tuning Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">System Analysis and Tuning Guide</div><ol><li><a href="preface-tuning.html" class=" "><span class="title-number"> </span><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></li><li><a href="part-tuning-basics.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Basics</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-tuning-basics.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">General notes on system tuning</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-tuning-monitoring.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">System monitoring</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-util.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">System monitoring utilities</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">System log files</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-tuning-kerneltrace.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Kernel monitoring</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">SystemTap—filtering and analyzing system data</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-kprobes.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel probes</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-perf.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware-based performance monitoring with Perf</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-oprofile.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">OProfile—system-wide profiler</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-dynamic-debug.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic debug—kernel debugging messages</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-tuning-resources.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Resource management</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-tuning-resources.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">General system resource management</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-cgroups.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel control groups</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-numactl.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">Automatic Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) balancing</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-power.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Power management</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Adaptive and dynamic tuning using TuneD</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-tuning-kernel.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Kernel tuning</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-tuning-io.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning I/O performance</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-taskscheduler.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the task scheduler</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-memory.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the memory management subsystem</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-network.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the network</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-sapconf.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning SUSE Linux Enterprise for SAP</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-tuning-dumps.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">Handling system dumps</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-tuning-tracing.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">Tracing tools</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">Kexec and Kdump</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tuning-systemd-coredump.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name">Using <code class="systemitem">systemd-coredump</code> to debug application crashes</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-tuning-ptp.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">VII </span><span class="title-name">Synchronized clocks with Precision Time Protocol</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">22 </span><span class="title-name">Precision Time Protocol</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="bk07apa.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></li> </ol> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-tuning" data-id-title="System Analysis and Tuning Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">System Analysis and Tuning Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_tuning.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p> This guide supports administrators in problem detection,
-     resolution and optimization. </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-tuning.html" target="_blank">Revision History: System Analysis and Tuning Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+     resolution and optimization. </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-tuning.html" target="_blank">Revision History: System Analysis and Tuning Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="preface-tuning.html"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-tuning.html#id-1.9.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-tuning.html#id-1.9.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-tuning.html#id-1.9.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-tuning.html#id-1.9.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-tuning-basics.html"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Basics</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-basics.html"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">General notes on system tuning</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-basics.html#sec-tuning-basics-what"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Be sure what problem to solve</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-basics.html#sec-tuning-basics-common"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Rule out common problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-basics.html#sec-tuning-basics-bottleneck"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Finding the bottleneck</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-basics.html#sec-tuning-basics-tuning"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">Step-by-step tuning</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-tuning-monitoring.html"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">System monitoring</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-util.html"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">System monitoring utilities</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-multi"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Multi-purpose tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-system"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">System information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-processes"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Processes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-memory"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-networking"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Networking</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-proc"><span class="title-number">2.6 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="filename">/proc</code> file system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-hardware"><span class="title-number">2.7 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-file"><span class="title-number">2.8 </span><span class="title-name">Files and file systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-user"><span class="title-number">2.9 </span><span class="title-name">User information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-time"><span class="title-number">2.10 </span><span class="title-name">Time and date</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-util.html#sec-util-rrdtool"><span class="title-number">2.11 </span><span class="title-name">Graph your data: RRDtool</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">System log files</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html#sec-tuning-syslog-logs"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">System log files in <code class="filename">/var/log/</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html#sec-tuning-syslog-view"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing and parsing log files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html#sec-tuning-syslog-logrotate"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Managing log files with <code class="command">logrotate</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html#sec-tuning-syslog-logwatch"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring log files with <code class="command">logwatch</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html#sec-tuning-syslog-forward"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring mail forwarding for <code class="systemitem">root</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html#sec-tuning-syslog-server"><span class="title-number">3.6 </span><span class="title-name">Forwarding log messages to a central syslog server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html#sec-tuning-syslog-logger"><span class="title-number">3.7 </span><span class="title-name">Using <code class="command">logger</code> to make system log entries</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-tuning-kerneltrace.html"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Kernel monitoring</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">SystemTap—filtering and analyzing system data</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#sec-tuning-systemtap-concept"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#sec-tuning-systemtap-setup"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation and setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#sec-tuning-systemtap-syntax"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Script syntax</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#sec-tuning-systemtap-example"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">Example script</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#sec-tuning-systemtap-userspace"><span class="title-number">4.5 </span><span class="title-name">User space probing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#sec-tuning-systemtap-more"><span class="title-number">4.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-kprobes.html"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel probes</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kprobes.html#cha-tuning-kprobes-supparch"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Supported architectures</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kprobes.html#cha-tuning-kprobes-types"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Types of kernel probes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kprobes.html#cha-tuning-kprobes-api"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Kprobes API</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kprobes.html#cha-tuning-kprobes-debugfs"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">debugfs</code> Interface</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kprobes.html#cha-tuning-kprobes-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-perf.html"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware-based performance monitoring with Perf</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-perf.html#sec-perf-concept"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware-based monitoring</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-perf.html#sec-perf-sample-count"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Sampling and counting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-perf.html#sec-perf-install"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing Perf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-perf.html#sec-perf-subcommand"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">Perf subcommands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-perf.html#sec-perf-event"><span class="title-number">6.5 </span><span class="title-name">Counting particular types of event</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-perf.html#sec-perf-command"><span class="title-number">6.6 </span><span class="title-name">Recording events specific to particular commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-perf.html#sec-perf-more"><span class="title-number">6.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-oprofile.html"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">OProfile—system-wide profiler</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-oprofile.html#sec-tuning-oprofile-overview"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-oprofile.html#sec-tuning-oprofile-install"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation and requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-oprofile.html#sec-tuning-oprofile-utils"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Available OProfile utilities</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-oprofile.html#sec-tuning-oprofile-using"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using OProfile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-oprofile.html#sec-tuning-oprofiles-report"><span class="title-number">7.5 </span><span class="title-name">Generating reports</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-oprofile.html#sec-tuning-oprofile-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">7.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-dynamic-debug.html"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic debug—kernel debugging messages</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-dynamic-debug.html#sec-tuning-dynamic-debug-benefits"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Benefits of dynamic debugging</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-dynamic-debug.html#sec-tuning-dynamic-debug-check"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Checking the status of dynamic debug</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-dynamic-debug.html#sec-tuning-dynamic-debug-use"><span class="title-number">8.3 </span><span class="title-name">Using dynamic debug</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-dynamic-debug.html#sec-tuning-dynamic-debug-view"><span class="title-number">8.4 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing the dynamic debug messages</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-tuning-resources.html"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Resource management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-resources.html"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">General system resource management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-resources.html#cha-tuning-resources-installation"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">Planning the installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-resources.html#cha-tuning-resources-services"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Disabling unnecessary services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-resources.html#cha-tuning-resources-disk"><span class="title-number">9.3 </span><span class="title-name">File systems and disk access</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-cgroups.html"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel control groups</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-cgroups.html#sec-tuning-cgroups-overview"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-cgroups.html#sec-tuning-cgroups-accounting"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Resource accounting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-cgroups.html#sec-tuning-cgroups-usage"><span class="title-number">10.3 </span><span class="title-name">Setting resource limits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-cgroups.html#sec-tuning-cgroups-tasksmax"><span class="title-number">10.4 </span><span class="title-name">Preventing fork bombs with <code class="literal">TasksMax</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-cgroups.html#sec-control-io-cgroups"><span class="title-number">10.5 </span><span class="title-name">I/O control with cgroups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-cgroups.html#id-1.9.6.3.8"><span class="title-number">10.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-numactl.html"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">Automatic Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) balancing</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-numactl.html#sec-tuning-numactl-implementation"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Implementation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-numactl.html#sec-tuning-numactl-configuration"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-numactl.html#sec-tuning-numactl-monitoring"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-numactl.html#sec-tuning-numactl-impact"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Impact</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Power management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#sec-tuning-power-cpu"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">Power management at CPU Level</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#sec-tuning-power-governors"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">In-kernel governors</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#sec-tuning-power-tools-cpupower"><span class="title-number">12.3 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="systemitem">cpupower</code> tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#sec-tuning-power-options"><span class="title-number">12.4 </span><span class="title-name">Special tuning options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#sec-tuning-power-trouble"><span class="title-number">12.5 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#sec-tuning-power-more"><span class="title-number">12.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#sec-tuning-power-tools-powertop"><span class="title-number">12.7 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring power consumption with powerTOP</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Adaptive and dynamic tuning using TuneD</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#sec-tuning-tuned-introduction"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to TuneD</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#sec-tuning-tuned-components"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Components of TuneD</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#sec-tuning-tuned-management"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">Managing TuneD</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#sec-tuning-tuned-profiles"><span class="title-number">13.4 </span><span class="title-name">TuneD profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#sec-tuning-tuned-configuration"><span class="title-number">13.5 </span><span class="title-name">TuneD configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#sec-tuning-tuned-plugins"><span class="title-number">13.6 </span><span class="title-name">TuneD plug-ins</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#sec-tuning-tuned-more"><span class="title-number">13.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-tuning-kernel.html"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Kernel tuning</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-io.html"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning I/O performance</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-io.html#cha-tuning-io-switch"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">Switching I/O scheduling</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-io.html#cha-tuning-io-schedulers-blkmq"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Available I/O elevators with blk-mq I/O path</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-io.html#cha-tuning-io-barrier"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">I/O barrier tuning</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-taskscheduler.html"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the task scheduler</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-taskscheduler.html#sec-tuning-taskscheduler-intro"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-taskscheduler.html#sec-tuning-taskscheduler-policy-class"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Process classification</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-taskscheduler.html#sec-tuning-taskscheduler-cfs"><span class="title-number">15.3 </span><span class="title-name">Completely Fair Scheduler</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-taskscheduler.html#cha-tuning-taskscheduler-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">15.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-memory.html"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the memory management subsystem</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-memory.html#cha-tuning-memory-usage"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Memory usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-memory.html#cha-tuning-memory-optimize"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">Reducing memory usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-memory.html#cha-tuning-memory-vm"><span class="title-number">16.3 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual memory manager (VM) tunable parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-memory.html#cha-tuning-memory-monitoring"><span class="title-number">16.4 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring VM behavior</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-network.html"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the network</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-network.html#sec-tuning-network-buffers"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configurable kernel socket buffers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-network.html#sec-tuning-network-analyzing"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name">Detecting network bottlenecks and analyzing network traffic</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-network.html#sec-tuning-network-netfilter"><span class="title-number">17.3 </span><span class="title-name">Netfilter</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-network.html#sec-tuning-network-rps"><span class="title-number">17.4 </span><span class="title-name">Improving the network performance with receive packet steering (RPS)</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-sapconf.html"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning SUSE Linux Enterprise for SAP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-sapconf.html#sec-sapconf-5"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning SLE Systems with <code class="literal">sapconf</code> 5</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-tuning-dumps.html"><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">Handling system dumps</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-tracing.html"><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">Tracing tools</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-tracing.html#sec-tuning-tracing-strace"><span class="title-number">19.1 </span><span class="title-name">Tracing system calls with strace</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-tracing.html#sec-tuning-tracing-ltrace"><span class="title-number">19.2 </span><span class="title-name">Tracing library calls with ltrace</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-tracing.html#sec-tuning-tracing-valgrind"><span class="title-number">19.3 </span><span class="title-name">Debugging and profiling with Valgrind</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-tracing.html#sec-tuning-tracing-valgrind-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">19.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html"><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">Kexec and Kdump</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kexec-intro"><span class="title-number">20.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kexec-pkgs"><span class="title-number">20.2 </span><span class="title-name">Required packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kexec-internals"><span class="title-number">20.3 </span><span class="title-name">Kexec internals</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#sec-tuning-kexec-crashkernel"><span class="title-number">20.4 </span><span class="title-name">Calculating <code class="option">crashkernel</code> allocation size</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kexec-basic-usage"><span class="title-number">20.5 </span><span class="title-name">Basic Kexec usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kexec-config"><span class="title-number">20.6 </span><span class="title-name">How to configure Kexec for routine reboots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kdump-basic"><span class="title-number">20.7 </span><span class="title-name">Basic Kdump configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kdump-analyze"><span class="title-number">20.8 </span><span class="title-name">Analyzing the crash dump</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kdump-advanced"><span class="title-number">20.9 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced Kdump configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#cha-tuning-kdump-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">20.10 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-systemd-coredump.html"><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name">Using <code class="systemitem">systemd-coredump</code> to debug application crashes</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-systemd-coredump.html#sect-sys-coredump-default"><span class="title-number">21.1 </span><span class="title-name">Use and configuration</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-tuning-ptp.html"><span class="title-number">VII </span><span class="title-name">Synchronized clocks with Precision Time Protocol</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html"><span class="title-number">22 </span><span class="title-name">Precision Time Protocol</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#tuning-ptp-intro"><span class="title-number">22.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to PTP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#tuning-ptp-using"><span class="title-number">22.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using PTP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#tuning-ptp-phc2sys"><span class="title-number">22.3 </span><span class="title-name">Synchronizing the clocks with <code class="command">phc2sys</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#tuning-ptp-examples"><span class="title-number">22.4 </span><span class="title-name">Examples of configurations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#tuning-ptp-ntp"><span class="title-number">22.5 </span><span class="title-name">PTP and NTP</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="bk07apa.html"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="bk07apa.html#id-1.9.10.4"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-util.html#util-rrdtool-example-create-graph1"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">Example graph created with RRDtool</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#fig-powertop-curses"><span class="number">12.1 </span><span class="name">powerTOP in interactive mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#fig-powertop-html"><span class="number">12.2 </span><span class="name">HTML powerTOP report</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-tuning-kexec.html#fig-tuning-kdump-basic-yast-kdump1"><span class="number">20.1 </span><span class="name">YaST Kdump module: start-up page</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-util.html#id-1.9.4.2.11.5.5"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">List of query options of <code class="command">ethtool</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#tab-tuning-power-cstates"><span class="number">12.1 </span><span class="name">C-states</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-tuning-io.html#tab-tunables-mq-deadline"><span class="number">14.1 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">MQ-DEADLINE</code> tunable parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-tuning-io.html#tab-tunables-bfq"><span class="number">14.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">BFQ</code> tunable parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-tuning-io.html#tab-tunables-kyber"><span class="number">14.3 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">KYBER</code> tunable parameters</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-util.html#id-1.9.4.2.7.3.5"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">vmstat</code> output on a lightly used machine</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-util.html#id-1.9.4.2.7.3.6"><span class="number">2.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">vmstat</code> output on a heavily used machine (CPU bound)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-syslog.html#ex-tuning-syslog-logrotate-config"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">Example for <code class="filename">/etc/logrotate.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#ex-tuning-stap-simple"><span class="number">4.1 </span><span class="name">Simple SystemTap script</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#ex-tuning-stap-async"><span class="number">4.2 </span><span class="name">Probe with timer event</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#ex-tuning-stap-printf-formatspec"><span class="number">4.3 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">printf</code> Function with format specifiers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#id-1.9.5.2.6.8.4.3.6"><span class="number">4.4 </span><span class="name">Using global variables</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-systemtap.html#id-1.9.5.2.7.4"><span class="number">4.5 </span><span class="name">Monitoring incoming TCP connections with <code class="literal">tcp_connections.stp</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#id-1.9.6.5.5.4.3"><span class="number">12.1 </span><span class="name">Example output of <code class="command">cpupower frequency-info</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#id-1.9.6.5.5.5.3"><span class="number">12.2 </span><span class="name">Example output of <code class="command">cpupower idle-info</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-power.html#ex-cpupower-monitor"><span class="number">12.3 </span><span class="name">Example <code class="command">cpupower monitor</code> output</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.6.4.6.5"><span class="number">13.1 </span><span class="name">Creating and applying a profile hook</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.6.4.6.5.3.1.2"><span class="number">13.2 </span><span class="name">Custom hook script to handle specific tasks before applying the custom profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.6.4.6.5.3.3.2"><span class="number">13.3 </span><span class="name">TuneD profile with custom script path</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.7.4.4"><span class="number">13.4 </span><span class="name">Default global TuneD configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.7.6.5.4"><span class="number">13.5 </span><span class="name">Merging <code class="literal">balanced</code> and <code class="literal">powersave</code> TuneD profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.7.6.5.4.2.3.2"><span class="number">13.6 </span><span class="name">Merged configuration for <code class="literal">balanced</code> and <code class="literal">powersave</code> TuneD profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.2.2.8"><span class="number">13.7 </span><span class="name">Automatic reload of kernel modules by TuneD</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.3.2.5"><span class="number">13.8 </span><span class="name">TuneD plug-in configuration for CPU-intensive workload</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.4.2.2"><span class="number">13.9 </span><span class="name">TuneD plug-in configuration for optimal audio performance</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.6.2.5"><span class="number">13.10 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">disk</code> plug-in configuration in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.8.2.6"><span class="number">13.11 </span><span class="name">Using dynamic variables for plug-in configurations in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.9.2.10"><span class="number">13.12 </span><span class="name">Sample configuration for the <code class="literal">sysctl</code> plug-in in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.10.2.2"><span class="number">13.13 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">sysfs</code> plug-in configuration in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.11.2.2"><span class="number">13.14 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">systemd</code> plug-in configuration in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.12.2.4"><span class="number">13.15 </span><span class="name">Using variables for including a relative script path in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.13.2.4"><span class="number">13.16 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">scheduler</code> plug-in configuration in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.14.2.5"><span class="number">13.17 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">bootloader</code> plug-in configuration in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.15.2.4"><span class="number">13.18 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">net</code> plug-in configuration in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-tuned.html#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.16.2.4"><span class="number">13.19 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">vm</code> plug-in configuration in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-sapconf.html#ex-sapconf-change-parameter-5"><span class="number">18.1 </span><span class="name">Checking Parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#id-1.9.9.2.8.3"><span class="number">22.1 </span><span class="name">Slave clock using software time stamping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#id-1.9.9.2.8.4"><span class="number">22.2 </span><span class="name">Slave clock using hardware time stamping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#id-1.9.9.2.8.5"><span class="number">22.3 </span><span class="name">Master clock using hardware time stamping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-tuning-ptp.html#id-1.9.9.2.8.6"><span class="number">22.4 </span><span class="name">Master clock using software time stamping (not generally recommended)</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.9.1.5"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-upgrade/book-upgrade.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-upgrade/book-upgrade.html
index 8d56c785c0..b245748aee 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-upgrade/book-upgrade.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-upgrade/book-upgrade.html
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@
     of <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span>. <span class="phrase">If you use <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span> as base system for other SLE products or
     extensions, also see their product documentation for upgrade information
     specific to this product or extension.</span>
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-upgrade.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Upgrade Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-upgrade.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Upgrade Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="preface-upgrade.html"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-upgrade.html#id-1.5.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-upgrade.html#id-1.5.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-upgrade.html#id-1.5.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-upgrade.html#id-1.5.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Lifecycle and support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#sec-upgrade-background-terminology"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#sec-upgrade-background-life-cycle"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Product lifecycle</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#sec-upgrade-background-modules"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Module dependencies and lifecycles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#sec-upgrade-background-lifecyclereport"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">Generating periodic lifecycle report</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#sec-upgrade-background-supportlevel"><span class="title-number">1.5 </span><span class="title-name">Support levels</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#sec-upgrade-background-register"><span class="title-number">1.6 </span><span class="title-name">Registering and deregistering machines with SUSEConnect</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#sec-upgrade-background-enable-ltss"><span class="title-number">1.7 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling LTSS support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#sec-upgrade-background-identify-version"><span class="title-number">1.8 </span><span class="title-name">Identifying the <span class="phrase">SLE</span> version</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-upgrade-paths.html"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrade paths and methods</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-paths.html#sec-upgrade-vs-fresh-install"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading versus fresh installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-paths.html#sec-upgrade-paths-supported"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Supported upgrade and migration paths to <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SLES</span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-paths.html#sec-upgrade-paths-methods"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Online and offline upgrade</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Preparing the upgrade</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-update"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Make sure the system is up-to-date</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-relnotes"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Read the release notes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-backup"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Make a backup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-disk"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Check the available disk space</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-packagelist"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">Listing installed packages and repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-ltss"><span class="title-number">3.6 </span><span class="title-name">Disable the LTSS extension</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-postgresql"><span class="title-number">3.7 </span><span class="title-name">Migrate your PostgreSQL database</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-mariadb"><span class="title-number">3.8 </span><span class="title-name">Migrate your MySQL or MariaDB database</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-ssl"><span class="title-number">3.9 </span><span class="title-name">Create non-MD5 server certificates for Java applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-vms"><span class="title-number">3.10 </span><span class="title-name">Shut down virtual machine guests</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-rmt"><span class="title-number">3.11 </span><span class="title-name">Adjust your SMT client setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-autoyast-profiles"><span class="title-number">3.12 </span><span class="title-name">Changes in AutoYaST profiles from SLE 12 to 15</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-smt-to-rmt"><span class="title-number">3.13 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading a Subscription Management Tool (SMT) server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-multiversion"><span class="title-number">3.14 </span><span class="title-name">Temporarily disabling kernel multiversion support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-upgrade-prepare-boot-config"><span class="title-number">3.15 </span><span class="title-name">Adjust the <code class="literal">resume</code> boot parameter</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-zseries"><span class="title-number">3.16 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading on IBM Z</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-ppc"><span class="title-number">3.17 </span><span class="title-name">IBM POWER: Starting an X server</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading offline</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html#sec-upgrade-offline-conceptual-overview"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html#sec-upgrade-offline-dvd"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Starting the upgrade from an installation medium</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html#sec-upgrade-offline-network"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Starting the upgrade from a network source</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html#sec-upgrade-offline-yast"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading SUSE Linux Enterprise</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html#sec-upgrade-offline-automated"><span class="title-number">4.5 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with AutoYaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html#sec-upgrade-offline-manager"><span class="title-number">4.6 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with SUSE Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html#sec-update-reg-status-after-rollback"><span class="title-number">4.7 </span><span class="title-name">Updating registration status after rollback</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html#sec-update-registersystem"><span class="title-number">4.8 </span><span class="title-name">Registering your system</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading online</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html#sec-upgrade-online-conceptual-overview"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html#sec-upgrade-online-workflow"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Service pack migration workflow</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html#sec-upgrade-online-cancel"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Canceling service pack migration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html#sec-upgrade-online-yast"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with the online migration tool (YaST)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html#sec-upgrade-online-zypper"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with Zypper</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html#sec-upgrade-online-zypper-plain"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with plain Zypper</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html#sec-upgrade-online-rollback"><span class="title-number">5.7 </span><span class="title-name">Rolling back a service pack</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html#sec-upgrade-online-manager"><span class="title-number">5.8 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with SUSE Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html#sec-upgrade-online-leap-to-sle"><span class="title-number">5.9 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading from openSUSE Leap to <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-upgrade-finish.html"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Finishing the upgrade</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-finish.html#sec-upgrade-finish-old-packages"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Check for old packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-finish.html#sec-uggrade-finish-config-files"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Review your configuration files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-finish.html#sec-upgrade-finish-python3"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Enable the <code class="literal">Python 3</code> module</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-finish.html#sec-upgrade-finish-xfs4"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">Reformat XFS v4 devices</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-update-backport.html"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Backports of source code</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-backport.html#sec-update-backports-reasons-for"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Reasons for backporting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-backport.html#sec-update-backports-reasons-against"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Reasons against backports</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-backport.html#sec-update-backports-implications"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">The implications of backports for interpreting version numbers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-backport.html#sec-update-backports-checks"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Checking for fixed bugs and backported features</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="bk03apa.html"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="bk03apa.html#id-1.5.10.4"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#fig-update-releases-service-packs"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Major releases and service packs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#fig-update-maintenance-long-term-service-pack"><span class="number">1.2 </span><span class="name">Long term service pack support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-upgrade-paths.html#fig-update-sle-paths-overview"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">Overview of supported upgrade paths</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#tab-security-and-bug-fixes"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Security updates and bug fixes</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#ex-update-df"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">List with <code class="command">df -h</code></span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.5.1.5"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-upgrade/index.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-upgrade/index.html
index 8d56c785c0..b245748aee 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-upgrade/index.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-upgrade/index.html
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@
     of <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span>. <span class="phrase">If you use <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span> as base system for other SLE products or
     extensions, also see their product documentation for upgrade information
     specific to this product or extension.</span>
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-upgrade.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Upgrade Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-upgrade.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Upgrade Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="preface-upgrade.html"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-upgrade.html#id-1.5.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-upgrade.html#id-1.5.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-upgrade.html#id-1.5.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="preface-upgrade.html#id-1.5.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Lifecycle and support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#sec-upgrade-background-terminology"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#sec-upgrade-background-life-cycle"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Product lifecycle</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#sec-upgrade-background-modules"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Module dependencies and lifecycles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#sec-upgrade-background-lifecyclereport"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">Generating periodic lifecycle report</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#sec-upgrade-background-supportlevel"><span class="title-number">1.5 </span><span class="title-name">Support levels</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#sec-upgrade-background-register"><span class="title-number">1.6 </span><span class="title-name">Registering and deregistering machines with SUSEConnect</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#sec-upgrade-background-enable-ltss"><span class="title-number">1.7 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling LTSS support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#sec-upgrade-background-identify-version"><span class="title-number">1.8 </span><span class="title-name">Identifying the <span class="phrase">SLE</span> version</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-upgrade-paths.html"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrade paths and methods</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-paths.html#sec-upgrade-vs-fresh-install"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading versus fresh installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-paths.html#sec-upgrade-paths-supported"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Supported upgrade and migration paths to <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SLES</span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-paths.html#sec-upgrade-paths-methods"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Online and offline upgrade</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Preparing the upgrade</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-update"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Make sure the system is up-to-date</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-relnotes"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Read the release notes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-backup"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Make a backup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-disk"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Check the available disk space</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-packagelist"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">Listing installed packages and repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-ltss"><span class="title-number">3.6 </span><span class="title-name">Disable the LTSS extension</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-postgresql"><span class="title-number">3.7 </span><span class="title-name">Migrate your PostgreSQL database</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-mariadb"><span class="title-number">3.8 </span><span class="title-name">Migrate your MySQL or MariaDB database</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-ssl"><span class="title-number">3.9 </span><span class="title-name">Create non-MD5 server certificates for Java applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-vms"><span class="title-number">3.10 </span><span class="title-name">Shut down virtual machine guests</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-rmt"><span class="title-number">3.11 </span><span class="title-name">Adjust your SMT client setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-autoyast-profiles"><span class="title-number">3.12 </span><span class="title-name">Changes in AutoYaST profiles from SLE 12 to 15</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-smt-to-rmt"><span class="title-number">3.13 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading a Subscription Management Tool (SMT) server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-multiversion"><span class="title-number">3.14 </span><span class="title-name">Temporarily disabling kernel multiversion support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-upgrade-prepare-boot-config"><span class="title-number">3.15 </span><span class="title-name">Adjust the <code class="literal">resume</code> boot parameter</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-zseries"><span class="title-number">3.16 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading on IBM Z</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#sec-update-preparation-ppc"><span class="title-number">3.17 </span><span class="title-name">IBM POWER: Starting an X server</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading offline</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html#sec-upgrade-offline-conceptual-overview"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html#sec-upgrade-offline-dvd"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Starting the upgrade from an installation medium</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html#sec-upgrade-offline-network"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Starting the upgrade from a network source</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html#sec-upgrade-offline-yast"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading SUSE Linux Enterprise</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html#sec-upgrade-offline-automated"><span class="title-number">4.5 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with AutoYaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html#sec-upgrade-offline-manager"><span class="title-number">4.6 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with SUSE Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html#sec-update-reg-status-after-rollback"><span class="title-number">4.7 </span><span class="title-name">Updating registration status after rollback</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-offline.html#sec-update-registersystem"><span class="title-number">4.8 </span><span class="title-name">Registering your system</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading online</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html#sec-upgrade-online-conceptual-overview"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html#sec-upgrade-online-workflow"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Service pack migration workflow</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html#sec-upgrade-online-cancel"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Canceling service pack migration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html#sec-upgrade-online-yast"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with the online migration tool (YaST)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html#sec-upgrade-online-zypper"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with Zypper</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html#sec-upgrade-online-zypper-plain"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with plain Zypper</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html#sec-upgrade-online-rollback"><span class="title-number">5.7 </span><span class="title-name">Rolling back a service pack</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html#sec-upgrade-online-manager"><span class="title-number">5.8 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with SUSE Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-online.html#sec-upgrade-online-leap-to-sle"><span class="title-number">5.9 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading from openSUSE Leap to <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-upgrade-finish.html"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Finishing the upgrade</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-finish.html#sec-upgrade-finish-old-packages"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Check for old packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-finish.html#sec-uggrade-finish-config-files"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Review your configuration files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-finish.html#sec-upgrade-finish-python3"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Enable the <code class="literal">Python 3</code> module</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-upgrade-finish.html#sec-upgrade-finish-xfs4"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">Reformat XFS v4 devices</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-update-backport.html"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Backports of source code</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-backport.html#sec-update-backports-reasons-for"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Reasons for backporting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-backport.html#sec-update-backports-reasons-against"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Reasons against backports</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-backport.html#sec-update-backports-implications"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">The implications of backports for interpreting version numbers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-update-backport.html#sec-update-backports-checks"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Checking for fixed bugs and backported features</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="bk03apa.html"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="bk03apa.html#id-1.5.10.4"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#fig-update-releases-service-packs"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Major releases and service packs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#fig-update-maintenance-long-term-service-pack"><span class="number">1.2 </span><span class="name">Long term service pack support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-upgrade-paths.html#fig-update-sle-paths-overview"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">Overview of supported upgrade paths</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-upgrade-background.html#tab-security-and-bug-fixes"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Security updates and bug fixes</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-update-preparation.html#ex-update-df"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">List with <code class="command">df -h</code></span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.5.1.5"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-virtualization-best-practices/article-virtualization-best-practices.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-virtualization-best-practices/article-virtualization-best-practices.html
index 327046d9ff..2dc9735141 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-virtualization-best-practices/article-virtualization-best-practices.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-virtualization-best-practices/article-virtualization-best-practices.html
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
 });
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_virtualization-best-practices.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">Virtualization Best Practices</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">Virtualization Best Practices</div> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="article" id="article-virtualization-best-practices" data-id-title="Virtualization Best Practices"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div><h1 class="title">Virtualization Best Practices</h1></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>
-    January 06, 2025
+    January 07, 2025
 
    </div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-article-virtualization-best-practices.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Virtualization Best Practices</a></div></div></div></div><section class="sect1" id="sec-vt-best-scenario" data-id-title="Virtualization scenarios"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><div class="title-container"><h2 class="title"><span class="title-number-name"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization scenarios</span></span> <a title="Permalink" class="permalink" href="article-virtualization-best-practices.html#sec-vt-best-scenario">#</a></h2><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_virtualization-best-practices.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div></div></div></div><p>
       Virtualization offers a lot of capabilities for your environment. It can
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-virtualization-best-practices/index.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-virtualization-best-practices/index.html
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 });
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_virtualization-best-practices.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">Virtualization Best Practices</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">Virtualization Best Practices</div> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="article" id="article-virtualization-best-practices" data-id-title="Virtualization Best Practices"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div><h1 class="title">Virtualization Best Practices</h1></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>
-    January 06, 2025
+    January 07, 2025
 
    </div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-article-virtualization-best-practices.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Virtualization Best Practices</a></div></div></div></div><section class="sect1" id="sec-vt-best-scenario" data-id-title="Virtualization scenarios"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><div class="title-container"><h2 class="title"><span class="title-number-name"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization scenarios</span></span> <a title="Permalink" class="permalink" href="article-virtualization-best-practices.html#sec-vt-best-scenario">#</a></h2><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_virtualization-best-practices.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div></div></div></div><p>
       Virtualization offers a lot of capabilities for your environment. It can
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-virtualization/book-virtualization.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-virtualization/book-virtualization.html
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@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_virtualization.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">Virtualization Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">Virtualization Guide</div><ol><li><a href="cha-kvm.html" class=" "><span class="title-number"> </span><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></li><li><a href="part-virt-intro.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a><ol><li><a href="chap-virtualization-introduction.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization technology</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-virtualization-scenarios.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization scenarios</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-xen-basics.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to Xen virtualization</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-kvm-intro.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to KVM virtualization</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tools-intro.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization tools</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-vt-installation.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Installation of virtualization components</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-virt-support.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization limits and support</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-virt-libvirt.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Managing virtual machines with <code class="systemitem">libvirt</code></span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-libvirt-overview.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">libvirt</code> daemons</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-libvirt-host.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Preparing the VM Host Server</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-kvm-inst.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Guest installation</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-libvirt-managing.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">Basic VM Guest management</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-libvirt-connect.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Connecting and authorizing</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-libvirt-storage.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced storage topics</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring virtual machines with Virtual Machine Manager</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring virtual machines with <code class="command">virsh</code></span></a></li><li><a href="sec-libvirt-admin-migrate.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Migrating VM Guests</span></a></li><li><a href="xen2kvm-migration.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">Xen to KVM migration guide</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-virt-common.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Hypervisor-independent features</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-cachemodes.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">Disk cache modes</span></a></li><li><a href="sec-kvm-managing-clock.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">VM Guest clock settings</span></a></li><li><a href="chap-guestfs.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">libguestfs</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-qemu-ga.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name">QEMU guest agent</span></a></li><li><a href="tpm.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">22 </span><span class="title-name">Software TPM emulator</span></a></li><li><a href="virt-crash-dump.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">23 </span><span class="title-name">Creating crash dumps of a VM Guest</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-virt-xen.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Managing virtual machines with Xen</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-xen-vhost.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">24 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a virtual machine host</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-xen-network.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">25 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual networking</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-xen-manage.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">26 </span><span class="title-name">Managing a virtualization environment</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-xen-vbd.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">27 </span><span class="title-name">Block devices in Xen</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-xen-config.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">28 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization: configuration options and settings</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-xen-admin.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">29 </span><span class="title-name">Administrative tasks</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-xen-xenstore.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">30 </span><span class="title-name">XenStore: configuration database shared between domains</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-xen-ha.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">31 </span><span class="title-name">Xen as a high-availability virtualization host</span></a></li><li><a href="pv-to-fv.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">32 </span><span class="title-name">Xen: converting a paravirtual (PV) guest into a fully virtual (FV/HVM) guest</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-virt-qemu.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Managing virtual machines with QEMU</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-qemu-overview.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">33 </span><span class="title-name">QEMU overview</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-qemu-host.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">34 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a KVM VM Host Server</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-qemu-guest-inst.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">35 </span><span class="title-name">Guest installation</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-qemu-running.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">36 </span><span class="title-name">Running virtual machines with qemu-system-ARCH</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-qemu-monitor.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">37 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual machine administration using QEMU monitor</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-virt-troubleshoot.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-virt-help.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">38 </span><span class="title-name">Integrated help and package documentation</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-virt-logs.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">39 </span><span class="title-name">Gathering system information and logs</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="gloss-vt-glossary.html" class=" "><span class="title-number"> </span><span class="title-name">Glossary</span></a></li><li><a href="app-vmdp-driver.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">Virtual machine drivers</span></a></li><li><a href="app-gpu-passthru.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">B </span><span class="title-name">Configuring GPU Pass-Through for NVIDIA cards</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">C </span><span class="title-name">XM, XL toolstacks, and the <code class="systemitem">libvirt</code> framework</span></a></li><li><a href="bk10apd.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">D </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></li> </ol> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-virtualization" data-id-title="Virtualization Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">Virtualization Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_virtualization.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p>This guide describes virtualization technology in
     general. It introduces libvirt—the unified interface to
     virtualization—and provides detailed information on specific
-    hypervisors.</p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-virtualization.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Virtualization Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+    hypervisors.</p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-virtualization.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Virtualization Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="cha-kvm.html"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-kvm.html#id-1.12.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-kvm.html#id-1.12.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-kvm.html#id-1.12.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-kvm.html#id-1.12.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-virt-intro.html"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="chap-virtualization-introduction.html"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization technology</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="chap-virtualization-introduction.html#sec-virtualization-introduction-overview"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="chap-virtualization-introduction.html#sec-virtualization-introduction-benefits"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization benefits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="chap-virtualization-introduction.html#sec-virtualization-introduction-fvpv"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization modes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="chap-virtualization-introduction.html#sec-vt-io"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">I/O virtualization</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-virtualization-scenarios.html"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization scenarios</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-virtualization-scenarios.html#sec-virtualization-scenarios-capabilities"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Server consolidation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-virtualization-scenarios.html#id-1.12.3.3.6"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Isolation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-virtualization-scenarios.html#id-1.12.3.3.7"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Disaster recovery</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-virtualization-scenarios.html#id-1.12.3.3.8"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic load balancing</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-xen-basics.html"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to Xen virtualization</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-basics.html#sec-xen-basics-components"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Basic components</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-basics.html#sec-xen-basics-arch"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Xen virtualization architecture</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-kvm-intro.html"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to KVM virtualization</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-kvm-intro.html#sec-kvm-intro"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Basic components</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-kvm-intro.html#sec-kvm-intro-arch"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">KVM virtualization architecture</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tools-intro.html"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization tools</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tools-intro.html#sec-tools-intro-console"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization console tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tools-intro.html#sec-tools-intro-gui"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization GUI tools</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-vt-installation.html"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Installation of virtualization components</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-vt-installation.html#introduction-install-virtualization-components"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-vt-installation.html#install-virtualization-components"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing virtualization components</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-vt-installation.html#sec-vt-installation-nested-vms"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Enable nested virtualization in KVM</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-virt-support.html"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization limits and support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-virt-support.html#sec-architecture-support"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Architecture support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-virt-support.html#virt-hypervisors-limits"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Hypervisor limits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-virt-support.html#virt-support-hosts"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Supported host environments (hypervisors)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-virt-support.html#virt-support-guests"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Supported guest operating systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-virt-support.html#virt-migration-support"><span class="title-number">7.5 </span><span class="title-name">Supported VM migration scenarios</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-virt-support.html#virt-support-feature-support"><span class="title-number">7.6 </span><span class="title-name">Feature support</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-virt-libvirt.html"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Managing virtual machines with <code class="systemitem">libvirt</code></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-libvirt-overview.html"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">libvirt</code> daemons</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-overview.html#libvirt-monolithic-daemon"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting and stopping the monolithic daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-overview.html#libvirt-modular-daemon"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Starting and stopping the modular daemons</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-overview.html#libvirt-switch-daemons"><span class="title-number">8.3 </span><span class="title-name">Switching to modular daemons</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-libvirt-host.html"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Preparing the VM Host Server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-host.html#libvirt-host-network"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring networks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-host.html#libvirt-host-storage"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a storage pool</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-kvm-inst.html"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Guest installation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-kvm-inst.html#sec-libvirt-inst-vmm"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">GUI-based guest installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-kvm-inst.html#sec-libvirt-inst-virt-install"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing from the command line with <code class="command">virt-install</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-kvm-inst.html#sec-libvirt-inst-advanced"><span class="title-number">10.3 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced guest installation scenarios</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-libvirt-managing.html"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">Basic VM Guest management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-managing.html#sec-libvirt-managing-list"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Listing VM Guests</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-managing.html#sec-libvirt-managing-console"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing the VM Guest via console</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-managing.html#sec-libvirt-managing-status"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Changing a VM Guest's state: start, stop, pause</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-managing.html#sec-libvirt-manage-save"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Saving and restoring the state of a VM Guest</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-managing.html#sec-libvirt-managing-snapshots"><span class="title-number">11.5 </span><span class="title-name">Creating and managing snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-managing.html#sec-libvirt-managing-delete"><span class="title-number">11.6 </span><span class="title-name">Deleting a VM Guest</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-managing.html#cha-libvirt-admin-monitor"><span class="title-number">11.7 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-libvirt-connect.html"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Connecting and authorizing</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-connect.html#sec-libvirt-connect-auth"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">Authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-connect.html#sec-libvirt-connect-connecting"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">Connecting to a VM Host Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-connect.html#sec-libvirt-connect-remote"><span class="title-number">12.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring remote connections</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-libvirt-storage.html"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced storage topics</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-storage.html#sec-libvirt-storage-locking"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Locking disk files and block devices with <code class="systemitem">virtlockd</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-storage.html#sec-libvirt-storage-resize"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Online resizing of guest block devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-storage.html#sec-libvirt-storage-share"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">Sharing directories between host and guests (file system pass-through)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-storage.html#libvirt-storage-rbd"><span class="title-number">13.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using RADOS block devices with <code class="systemitem">libvirt</code></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring virtual machines with Virtual Machine Manager</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#sec-libvirt-config-machine-setup"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">Machine setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#sec-libvirt-config-storage"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Storage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#sec-libvirt-config-controllers"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Controllers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#sec-libvirt-config-networking"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">Networking</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#sec-libvirt-config-input"><span class="title-number">14.5 </span><span class="title-name">Input devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#sec-libvirt-config-video"><span class="title-number">14.6 </span><span class="title-name">Video</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#sec-libvirt-config-usb-redirectors"><span class="title-number">14.7 </span><span class="title-name">USB redirectors</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#sec-libvirt-config-miscellaneous"><span class="title-number">14.8 </span><span class="title-name">Miscellaneous</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#sec-libvirt-config-cdrom"><span class="title-number">14.9 </span><span class="title-name">Adding a CD/DVD-ROM device with Virtual Machine Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#sec-libvirt-config-floppy"><span class="title-number">14.10 </span><span class="title-name">Adding a floppy device with Virtual Machine Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#sec-libvirt-config-cdrom-media-change"><span class="title-number">14.11 </span><span class="title-name">Ejecting and changing floppy or CD/DVD-ROM media with Virtual Machine Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#sec-libvirt-config-pci"><span class="title-number">14.12 </span><span class="title-name">Assigning a host PCI device to a VM Guest</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#sec-libvirt-config-usb"><span class="title-number">14.13 </span><span class="title-name">Assigning a host USB device to a VM Guest</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring virtual machines with <code class="command">virsh</code></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#sec-libvirt-config-editing-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Editing the VM configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#sec-libvirt-config-machinetype-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the machine type</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#sec-libvirt-hypervisor-features-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring hypervisor features</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#libvirt-cpu-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring CPU</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#sec-libvirt-config-boot-menu-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.5 </span><span class="title-name">Changing boot options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#sec-libvirt-config-memory-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring memory allocation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#sec-libvirt-config-pci-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.7 </span><span class="title-name">Adding a PCI device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#sec-libvirt-config-usb-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.8 </span><span class="title-name">Adding a USB device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#sec-libvirt-config-io"><span class="title-number">15.9 </span><span class="title-name">Adding SR-IOV devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#libvirt-config-listing-host-devs"><span class="title-number">15.10 </span><span class="title-name">Listing attached devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#libvirt-config-storage-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.11 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring storage devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#sec-libvirt-config-controllers-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.12 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring controller devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#libvirt-video-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.13 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring video devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#virsh-network-devices"><span class="title-number">15.14 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring network devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#sec-libvirt-config-direct"><span class="title-number">15.15 </span><span class="title-name">Using macvtap to share VM Host Server network interfaces</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#sec-libvirt-config-disable-virtio-mellon"><span class="title-number">15.16 </span><span class="title-name">Disabling a memory balloon device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#virsh-video-dual-head"><span class="title-number">15.17 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring multiple monitors (dual head)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#virsh-kvm-zseries-crypto"><span class="title-number">15.18 </span><span class="title-name">Crypto adapter pass-through to KVM guests on IBM Z</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="sec-libvirt-admin-migrate.html"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Migrating VM Guests</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-libvirt-admin-migrate.html#libvirt-migration-types"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Types of migration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-libvirt-admin-migrate.html#libvirt-admin-live-migration-requirements"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">Migration requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-libvirt-admin-migrate.html#sec-libvirt-admin-migrate-virtmanager"><span class="title-number">16.3 </span><span class="title-name">Live-migrating with Virtual Machine Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-libvirt-admin-migrate.html#sec-libvirt-admin-migrate-virsh"><span class="title-number">16.4 </span><span class="title-name">Migrating with <code class="command">virsh</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-libvirt-admin-migrate.html#sec-libvirt-migrate-stepbstep"><span class="title-number">16.5 </span><span class="title-name">Step-by-step example</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="xen2kvm-migration.html"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">Xen to KVM migration guide</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="xen2kvm-migration.html#x2k-v2v"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name">Migration to KVM using <code class="command">virt-v2v</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="xen2kvm-migration.html#id-1.12.4.11.5"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name">Xen to KVM manual migration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="xen2kvm-migration.html#id-1.12.4.11.6"><span class="title-number">17.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-virt-common.html"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Hypervisor-independent features</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-cachemodes.html"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">Disk cache modes</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-cachemodes.html#what-is-disk-cache"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">What is a disk cache?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-cachemodes.html#how-it-works-disk-cache"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">How does a disk cache work?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-cachemodes.html#benefits-disk-cache"><span class="title-number">18.3 </span><span class="title-name">Benefits of disk caching</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-cachemodes.html#cachemodes-descr"><span class="title-number">18.4 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual disk cache modes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-cachemodes.html#qemu-cachemodes-data-integrity"><span class="title-number">18.5 </span><span class="title-name">Cache modes and data integrity</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-cachemodes.html#sec-cache-mode-live-migration"><span class="title-number">18.6 </span><span class="title-name">Cache modes and live migration</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="sec-kvm-managing-clock.html"><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">VM Guest clock settings</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-kvm-managing-clock.html#sec-kvm-managing-clock-kvm"><span class="title-number">19.1 </span><span class="title-name">KVM: using <code class="systemitem">kvm_clock</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-kvm-managing-clock.html#sec-xen-guests-suse-time"><span class="title-number">19.2 </span><span class="title-name">Xen virtual machine clock settings</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="chap-guestfs.html"><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">libguestfs</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="chap-guestfs.html#sec-guestfs-intro"><span class="title-number">20.1 </span><span class="title-name">VM Guest manipulation overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="chap-guestfs.html#sec-guestfs-package"><span class="title-number">20.2 </span><span class="title-name">Package installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="chap-guestfs.html#sec-guestfs-tools"><span class="title-number">20.3 </span><span class="title-name">Guestfs tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="chap-guestfs.html#sec-guestfs-trouble"><span class="title-number">20.4 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="chap-guestfs.html#sec-guestfs-external-doc"><span class="title-number">20.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-qemu-ga.html"><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name">QEMU guest agent</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-ga.html#cha-qemu-ga-libvirt-general"><span class="title-number">21.1 </span><span class="title-name">Running QEMU GA commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-ga.html#cha-qemu-ga-commands"><span class="title-number">21.2 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">virsh</code> commands that require QEMU GA</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-ga.html#cha-qemu-ga-libvirt"><span class="title-number">21.3 </span><span class="title-name">Enhancing <code class="systemitem">libvirt</code> commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-ga.html#cha-qemu-ga-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">21.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="tpm.html"><span class="title-number">22 </span><span class="title-name">Software TPM emulator</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="tpm.html#tpm-introduction"><span class="title-number">22.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="tpm.html#tpm-prerequisite"><span class="title-number">22.2 </span><span class="title-name">Prerequisites</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="tpm.html#tpm-installation"><span class="title-number">22.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="tpm.html#tpm-qemu"><span class="title-number">22.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using <code class="command">swtpm</code> with QEMU</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="tpm.html#tpm-libvirt"><span class="title-number">22.5 </span><span class="title-name">Using swtpm with <code class="systemitem">libvirt</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="tpm.html#tpm-ovmf"><span class="title-number">22.6 </span><span class="title-name">TPM measurement with OVMF firmware</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="tpm.html#qemu-tpm-resources"><span class="title-number">22.7 </span><span class="title-name">Resources</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="virt-crash-dump.html"><span class="title-number">23 </span><span class="title-name">Creating crash dumps of a VM Guest</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="virt-crash-dump.html#virt-crash-dump-introduction"><span class="title-number">23.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="virt-crash-dump.html#virt-crash-dump-fv"><span class="title-number">23.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating crash dumps for fully virtualized machines</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="virt-crash-dump.html#virt-crash-dump-pv"><span class="title-number">23.3 </span><span class="title-name">Creating crash dumps for paravirtualized machines</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="virt-crash-dump.html#virt-crash-dump-more-info"><span class="title-number">23.4 </span><span class="title-name">Additional information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-virt-xen.html"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Managing virtual machines with Xen</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-xen-vhost.html"><span class="title-number">24 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a virtual machine host</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-vhost.html#sec-xen-vhost-best"><span class="title-number">24.1 </span><span class="title-name">Best practices and suggestions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-vhost.html#sec-xen-vhost-memory"><span class="title-number">24.2 </span><span class="title-name">Managing Dom0 memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-vhost.html#sec-xen-vhost-netcard"><span class="title-number">24.3 </span><span class="title-name">Network card in fully virtualized guests</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-vhost.html#sec-xen-vhost-start"><span class="title-number">24.4 </span><span class="title-name">Starting the virtual machine host</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-vhost.html#sec-xen-vhost-pciback"><span class="title-number">24.5 </span><span class="title-name">PCI Pass-Through</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-vhost.html#sec-xen-vhost-usbpass"><span class="title-number">24.6 </span><span class="title-name">USB pass-through</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-xen-network.html"><span class="title-number">25 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual networking</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-network.html#sec-xen-vdevices"><span class="title-number">25.1 </span><span class="title-name">Network devices for guest systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-network.html#sec-xen-net-host-route"><span class="title-number">25.2 </span><span class="title-name">Host-based routing in Xen</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-network.html#sec-xen-net-masquerade"><span class="title-number">25.3 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a masqueraded network setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-network.html#sec-xen-net-special"><span class="title-number">25.4 </span><span class="title-name">Special configurations</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-xen-manage.html"><span class="title-number">26 </span><span class="title-name">Managing a virtualization environment</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-manage.html#sec-xen-manage-xl"><span class="title-number">26.1 </span><span class="title-name">XL—Xen management tool</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-manage.html#sec-xen-manage-autostart"><span class="title-number">26.2 </span><span class="title-name">Automatic start of guest domains</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-manage.html#sec-xen-manage-events"><span class="title-number">26.3 </span><span class="title-name">Event actions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-manage.html#sec-xen-manage-tsc"><span class="title-number">26.4 </span><span class="title-name">Time Stamp Counter</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-manage.html#sec-xen-config-suspend"><span class="title-number">26.5 </span><span class="title-name">Saving virtual machines</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-manage.html#sec-xen-config-restore"><span class="title-number">26.6 </span><span class="title-name">Restoring virtual machines</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-manage.html#sec-xen-config-state"><span class="title-number">26.7 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual machine states</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-xen-vbd.html"><span class="title-number">27 </span><span class="title-name">Block devices in Xen</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-vbd.html#sec-xen-config-disk"><span class="title-number">27.1 </span><span class="title-name">Mapping physical storage to virtual disks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-vbd.html#sec-xen-config-netdisk"><span class="title-number">27.2 </span><span class="title-name">Mapping network storage to virtual disk</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-vbd.html#sec-xen-config-filedisk"><span class="title-number">27.3 </span><span class="title-name">File-backed virtual disks and loopback devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-vbd.html#sec-xen-block-resize"><span class="title-number">27.4 </span><span class="title-name">Resizing block devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-vbd.html#sec-xen-block-advstoragescripts"><span class="title-number">27.5 </span><span class="title-name">Scripts for managing advanced storage scenarios</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-xen-config.html"><span class="title-number">28 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization: configuration options and settings</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-config.html#sec-xen-config-vcd"><span class="title-number">28.1 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual CD readers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-config.html#sec-xen-config-remote-access"><span class="title-number">28.2 </span><span class="title-name">Remote access methods</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-config.html#sec-xen-config-vnc"><span class="title-number">28.3 </span><span class="title-name">VNC viewer</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-config.html#sec-xen-config-keyboard"><span class="title-number">28.4 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual keyboards</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-config.html#xen-config-cpupinning"><span class="title-number">28.5 </span><span class="title-name">Dedicating CPU resources</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-config.html#sec-xen-config-hvm"><span class="title-number">28.6 </span><span class="title-name">HVM features</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-config.html#sec-xen-config-scheduling"><span class="title-number">28.7 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual CPU scheduling</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-xen-admin.html"><span class="title-number">29 </span><span class="title-name">Administrative tasks</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-admin.html#sec-xen-config-bootloader"><span class="title-number">29.1 </span><span class="title-name">The boot loader program</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-admin.html#sec-xen-config-sparse"><span class="title-number">29.2 </span><span class="title-name">Sparse image files and disk space</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-admin.html#sec-xen-manage-migrate"><span class="title-number">29.3 </span><span class="title-name">Migrating Xen VM Guest systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-admin.html#sec-xen-monitor"><span class="title-number">29.4 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring Xen</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-admin.html#sec-xen-admin-vhostmd"><span class="title-number">29.5 </span><span class="title-name">Providing host information for VM Guest systems</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-xen-xenstore.html"><span class="title-number">30 </span><span class="title-name">XenStore: configuration database shared between domains</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-xenstore.html#sec-xenstore-intro"><span class="title-number">30.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-xenstore.html#sec-xenstore-fsi"><span class="title-number">30.2 </span><span class="title-name">File system interface</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-xen-ha.html"><span class="title-number">31 </span><span class="title-name">Xen as a high-availability virtualization host</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-ha.html#sec-xen-ha-remote-storage"><span class="title-number">31.1 </span><span class="title-name">Xen HA with remote storage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-ha.html#sec-xen-ha-local-storage"><span class="title-number">31.2 </span><span class="title-name">Xen HA with local storage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-ha.html#sec-xen-ha-private-bridge"><span class="title-number">31.3 </span><span class="title-name">Xen HA and private bridges</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="pv-to-fv.html"><span class="title-number">32 </span><span class="title-name">Xen: converting a paravirtual (PV) guest into a fully virtual (FV/HVM) guest</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-virt-qemu.html"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Managing virtual machines with QEMU</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-qemu-overview.html"><span class="title-number">33 </span><span class="title-name">QEMU overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-qemu-host.html"><span class="title-number">34 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a KVM VM Host Server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-host.html#kvm-host-cpu"><span class="title-number">34.1 </span><span class="title-name">CPU support for virtualization</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-host.html#kvm-host-soft"><span class="title-number">34.2 </span><span class="title-name">Required software</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-host.html#kvm-host-virtio"><span class="title-number">34.3 </span><span class="title-name">KVM host-specific features</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-qemu-guest-inst.html"><span class="title-number">35 </span><span class="title-name">Guest installation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-guest-inst.html#cha-qemu-guest-inst-qemu-kvm"><span class="title-number">35.1 </span><span class="title-name">Basic installation with <code class="command">qemu-system-ARCH</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-guest-inst.html#cha-qemu-guest-inst-qemu-img"><span class="title-number">35.2 </span><span class="title-name">Managing disk images with <code class="command">qemu-img</code></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-qemu-running.html"><span class="title-number">36 </span><span class="title-name">Running virtual machines with qemu-system-ARCH</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-running.html#cha-qemu-running-basic"><span class="title-number">36.1 </span><span class="title-name">Basic <code class="command">qemu-system-ARCH</code> invocation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-running.html#cha-qemu-running-gen-opts"><span class="title-number">36.2 </span><span class="title-name">General <code class="command">qemu-system-ARCH</code> options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-running.html#cha-qemu-running-devices"><span class="title-number">36.3 </span><span class="title-name">Using devices in QEMU</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-running.html#cha-qemu-running-networking"><span class="title-number">36.4 </span><span class="title-name">Networking in QEMU</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-running.html#cha-qemu-running-vnc"><span class="title-number">36.5 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing a VM Guest with VNC</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-qemu-monitor.html"><span class="title-number">37 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual machine administration using QEMU monitor</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-monitor.html#sec-qemu-monitor-access"><span class="title-number">37.1 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing monitor console</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-monitor.html#sec-qemu-monitor-get"><span class="title-number">37.2 </span><span class="title-name">Getting information about the guest system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-monitor.html#sec-qemu-monitor-vnc-pw"><span class="title-number">37.3 </span><span class="title-name">Changing VNC password</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-monitor.html#sec-qemu-monitor-manage-dev"><span class="title-number">37.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-monitor.html#sec-qemu-monitor-keyboard"><span class="title-number">37.5 </span><span class="title-name">Controlling keyboard and mouse</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-monitor.html#sec-qemu-monitor-memory"><span class="title-number">37.6 </span><span class="title-name">Changing available memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-monitor.html#sec-qemu-monitor-virt-memory"><span class="title-number">37.7 </span><span class="title-name">Dumping virtual machine memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-monitor.html#sec-qemu-monitor-snapshots"><span class="title-number">37.8 </span><span class="title-name">Managing virtual machine snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-monitor.html#sec-qemu-monitor-suspend"><span class="title-number">37.9 </span><span class="title-name">Suspending and resuming virtual machine execution</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-monitor.html#sec-qemu-monitor-migrate"><span class="title-number">37.10 </span><span class="title-name">Live migration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-monitor.html#qemu-monitor-qmp"><span class="title-number">37.11 </span><span class="title-name">QMP - QEMU machine protocol</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-virt-troubleshoot.html"><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-virt-help.html"><span class="title-number">38 </span><span class="title-name">Integrated help and package documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-virt-logs.html"><span class="title-number">39 </span><span class="title-name">Gathering system information and logs</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-virt-logs.html#sec-logs-libvirt"><span class="title-number">39.1 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">libvirt</code> log controls</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="glossary"><a href="gloss-vt-glossary.html"><span class="title-name">Glossary</span></a></span></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="app-vmdp-driver.html"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">Virtual machine drivers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="app-gpu-passthru.html"><span class="title-number">B </span><span class="title-name">Configuring GPU Pass-Through for NVIDIA cards</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="app-gpu-passthru.html#gpu-passthru-intro"><span class="title-number">B.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="app-gpu-passthru.html#gpu-passthru-prerequisites"><span class="title-number">B.2 </span><span class="title-name">Prerequisites</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="app-gpu-passthru.html#gpu-passthru-host"><span class="title-number">B.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the host</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="app-gpu-passthru.html#gpu-passthru-guest"><span class="title-number">B.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the guest</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html"><span class="title-number">C </span><span class="title-name">XM, XL toolstacks, and the <code class="systemitem">libvirt</code> framework</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#sec-xmtoxl-intro"><span class="title-number">C.1 </span><span class="title-name">Xen toolstacks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#xen-xen2libvirt"><span class="title-number">C.2 </span><span class="title-name">Import Xen domain configuration into <code class="systemitem">libvirt</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#sec-xmvsxl"><span class="title-number">C.3 </span><span class="title-name">Differences between the <code class="command">xm</code> and <code class="command">xl</code> applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#sec-xmtoxl-links"><span class="title-number">C.4 </span><span class="title-name">External links</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#sec-libvirt-managing-export-Xen-xm"><span class="title-number">C.5 </span><span class="title-name">Saving a Xen guest configuration in an <code class="command">xm</code> compatible format</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="bk10apd.html"><span class="title-number">D </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="bk10apd.html#id-1.12.13.4"><span class="title-number">D.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-xen-basics.html#fig-xen-basics-arch"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">Xen virtualization architecture</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-kvm-intro.html#fig-kvm-basics-arch"><span class="number">4.1 </span><span class="name">KVM virtualization architecture</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vt-installation.html#id-1.12.3.7.4.4.3"><span class="number">6.1 </span><span class="name">System Role screen</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-host.html#id-1.12.4.3.4.5.6.3.2.2.2"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Connection details</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-host.html#id-1.12.4.3.4.5.6.3.2.4.2"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name">Create virtual network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-kvm-inst.html#id-1.12.4.4.6.2.3"><span class="number">10.1 </span><span class="name">Specifying default options for new VMs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#id-1.12.4.8.4"><span class="number">14.1 </span><span class="name"><span class="guimenu">Details</span> view of a VM Guest</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#id-1.12.4.8.9.3.3"><span class="number">14.2 </span><span class="name">Overview details</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#id-1.12.4.8.9.3.5"><span class="number">14.3 </span><span class="name">VM Guest title and description</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#id-1.12.4.8.9.4.3"><span class="number">14.4 </span><span class="name">Performance</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#id-1.12.4.8.9.4.5"><span class="number">14.5 </span><span class="name">Statistics charts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#id-1.12.4.8.9.5.3"><span class="number">14.6 </span><span class="name">Processor view</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#id-1.12.4.8.9.6.3"><span class="number">14.7 </span><span class="name">Memory view</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#id-1.12.4.8.9.7.3"><span class="number">14.8 </span><span class="name">Boot options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#id-1.12.4.8.10.3.2.2"><span class="number">14.9 </span><span class="name">Add a new storage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#id-1.12.4.8.11.3.2.2"><span class="number">14.10 </span><span class="name">Add a new controller</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#id-1.12.4.8.12.3.2.2"><span class="number">14.11 </span><span class="name">Add a new network interface</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#id-1.12.4.8.13.3.2.2"><span class="number">14.12 </span><span class="name">Add a new input device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#id-1.12.4.8.14.3.3.1"><span class="number">14.13 </span><span class="name">Add a new video device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#id-1.12.4.8.15.3.2.2"><span class="number">14.14 </span><span class="name">Add a new USB redirector</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#id-1.12.4.8.20.3.3.2.2"><span class="number">14.15 </span><span class="name">Adding a PCI device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#id-1.12.4.8.21.3.3.2.2"><span class="number">14.16 </span><span class="name">Adding a USB device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-cachemodes.html#fig-caching"><span class="number">18.1 </span><span class="name">Caching mechanism</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-xen-admin.html#id-1.12.6.7.4.4"><span class="number">29.1 </span><span class="name">Boot loader settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-qemu-host.html#id-1.12.7.3.6.3.2.2"><span class="number">34.1 </span><span class="name">Installing the KVM hypervisor and tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-qemu-host.html#id-1.12.7.3.6.3.4.2"><span class="number">34.2 </span><span class="name">Network bridge</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-qemu-running.html#id-1.12.7.5.5.5.5.6"><span class="number">36.1 </span><span class="name">QEMU window with SLES as VM Guest</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-qemu-running.html#id-1.12.7.5.8.11"><span class="number">36.2 </span><span class="name">QEMU VNC session</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-qemu-running.html#id-1.12.7.5.8.12.7"><span class="number">36.3 </span><span class="name">Authentication dialog in Remmina</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-virt-support.html#id-1.12.3.8.5.6.3"><span class="number">7.1 </span><span class="name">KVM VM limits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-virt-support.html#id-1.12.3.8.5.7.2"><span class="number">7.2 </span><span class="name">Xen VM limits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-virt-support.html#id-1.12.3.8.5.7.3"><span class="number">7.3 </span><span class="name">Xen host limits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-virt-support.html#id-1.12.3.8.6.3"><span class="number">7.4 </span><span class="name">The following SUSE host environments are supported</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-virt-support.html#id-1.12.3.8.8.3.3"><span class="number">7.5 </span><span class="name">Supported offline migration guests</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-virt-support.html#id-1.12.3.8.8.4.5"><span class="number">7.6 </span><span class="name">Supported live-migration guests</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-virt-support.html#id-1.12.3.8.9.4.2"><span class="number">7.7 </span><span class="name">Feature support—host (<code class="literal">Dom0</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-virt-support.html#id-1.12.3.8.9.5.6"><span class="number">7.8 </span><span class="name">Guest feature support for Xen and KVM</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xen-ha.html#tab-xen-remote-storage"><span class="number">31.1 </span><span class="name">Xen remote storage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.6.3"><span class="number">C.1 </span><span class="name">Notation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.7.3"><span class="number">C.2 </span><span class="name">New global options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.8.3"><span class="number">C.3 </span><span class="name">Common options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.9.3.3"><span class="number">C.4 </span><span class="name">Domain management removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.9.4.3"><span class="number">C.5 </span><span class="name">USB devices management removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.9.5.3"><span class="number">C.6 </span><span class="name">CPU management removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.9.6.3"><span class="number">C.7 </span><span class="name">Other options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.3.4"><span class="number">C.8 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">create</code> Changed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.3.5"><span class="number">C.9 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">create</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.3.6"><span class="number">C.10 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">create</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.4.4"><span class="number">C.11 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">console</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.5.3"><span class="number">C.12 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">info</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.6.4"><span class="number">C.13 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">dump-core</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.7.4"><span class="number">C.14 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">list</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.7.5"><span class="number">C.15 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">list</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.8.3"><span class="number">C.16 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">mem-*</code> Changed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.9.4"><span class="number">C.17 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">migrate</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.9.5"><span class="number">C.18 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">migrate</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.10.4"><span class="number">C.19 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">reboot</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.10.5"><span class="number">C.20 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">reboot</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.10.8"><span class="number">C.21 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">save</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.10.11"><span class="number">C.22 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">restore</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.10.14"><span class="number">C.23 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">shutdown</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.10.15"><span class="number">C.24 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">shutdown</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.10.16"><span class="number">C.25 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">trigger</code> Changed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.11.4"><span class="number">C.26 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">sched-credit</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.11.5"><span class="number">C.27 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">sched-credit</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.11.8"><span class="number">C.28 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">sched-credit2</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.11.9"><span class="number">C.29 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">sched-credit2</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.11.11"><span class="number">C.30 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">sched-sedf</code> removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.11.12"><span class="number">C.31 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">sched-sedf</code> added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.12.4"><span class="number">C.32 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">cpupool-list</code> removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.12.7"><span class="number">C.33 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">cpupool-create</code> removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.13.4"><span class="number">C.34 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">pci-detach</code> added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.13.5"><span class="number">C.35 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">block-list</code> removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.13.6"><span class="number">C.36 </span><span class="name">Other options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.14.2"><span class="number">C.37 </span><span class="name">Network options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.14.3"><span class="number">C.38 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">network-attach</code> removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#table-xmtoxl-new-options"><span class="number">C.39 </span><span class="name">New options</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-libvirt-host.html#ex-libvirt-net-nat"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">NAT-based network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-libvirt-host.html#id-1.12.4.3.4.5.7.6.9"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name">Routed network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-libvirt-host.html#id-1.12.4.3.4.5.7.6.10"><span class="number">9.3 </span><span class="name">Isolated network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-libvirt-host.html#id-1.12.4.3.4.5.7.6.11"><span class="number">9.4 </span><span class="name">Using an existing bridge on VM Host Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-kvm-inst.html#id-1.12.4.4.7.4.6.2.3"><span class="number">10.1 </span><span class="name">Loading kernel and initrd from HTTP server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-kvm-inst.html#ex-libvirt-inst-virt-install-example"><span class="number">10.2 </span><span class="name">Example of a <code class="command">virt-install</code> command line</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-libvirt-managing.html#id-1.12.4.5.11.5.6"><span class="number">11.1 </span><span class="name">Typical output of <code class="command">kvm_stat</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#id-1.12.4.9.3.3"><span class="number">15.1 </span><span class="name">Example XML configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-xen-manage.html#id-1.12.6.4.4.18.4"><span class="number">26.1 </span><span class="name">Guest domain configuration file for SLED 12: <code class="filename">/etc/xen/sled12.cfg</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-qemu-host.html#ex-qemu-virtfs-host"><span class="number">34.1 </span><span class="name">Exporting host's file system with VirtFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-qemu-running.html#ex-qemu-net-usermode-resctrict"><span class="number">36.1 </span><span class="name">Restricted user-mode networking</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-qemu-running.html#ex-qemu-net-usermode-iprange"><span class="number">36.2 </span><span class="name">User-mode networking with custom IP range</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-qemu-running.html#ex-qemu-net-usermode-netboot-tftp"><span class="number">36.3 </span><span class="name">User-mode networking with network-boot and TFTP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-qemu-running.html#ex-qemu-net-usermode-hostfwd"><span class="number">36.4 </span><span class="name">User-mode networking with host port forwarding</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-qemu-running.html#ex-running-vnc-secure-pwd"><span class="number">36.5 </span><span class="name">Password authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-qemu-running.html#ex-running-vnc-secure-x509"><span class="number">36.6 </span><span class="name">x509 certificate authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-qemu-running.html#ex-running-vnc-secure-pwd-x509"><span class="number">36.7 </span><span class="name">x509 certificate and password authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-qemu-running.html#ex-running-vnc-secure-sasl"><span class="number">36.8 </span><span class="name">SASL authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.4.10"><span class="number">C.1 </span><span class="name">Converting Xen domain configuration to <code class="systemitem">libvirt</code></span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.12.1.5"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-virtualization/index.html b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-virtualization/index.html
index 4f13192b28..5f2954d6ec 100644
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+++ b/SLE15SP5/html/SLES-virtualization/index.html
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_virtualization.xml"/></head><body class="draft wide offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a><a href="#_bottom-pagination">Jump to page navigation: previous page [access key p]/next page [access key n]</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="index.html">Virtualization Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav id="_side-toc-overall" class="side-toc"><div class="side-title">Virtualization Guide</div><ol><li><a href="cha-kvm.html" class=" "><span class="title-number"> </span><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></li><li><a href="part-virt-intro.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a><ol><li><a href="chap-virtualization-introduction.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization technology</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-virtualization-scenarios.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization scenarios</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-xen-basics.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to Xen virtualization</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-kvm-intro.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to KVM virtualization</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-tools-intro.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization tools</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-vt-installation.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Installation of virtualization components</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-virt-support.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization limits and support</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-virt-libvirt.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Managing virtual machines with <code class="systemitem">libvirt</code></span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-libvirt-overview.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">libvirt</code> daemons</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-libvirt-host.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Preparing the VM Host Server</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-kvm-inst.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Guest installation</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-libvirt-managing.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">Basic VM Guest management</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-libvirt-connect.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Connecting and authorizing</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-libvirt-storage.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced storage topics</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring virtual machines with Virtual Machine Manager</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring virtual machines with <code class="command">virsh</code></span></a></li><li><a href="sec-libvirt-admin-migrate.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Migrating VM Guests</span></a></li><li><a href="xen2kvm-migration.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">Xen to KVM migration guide</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-virt-common.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Hypervisor-independent features</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-cachemodes.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">Disk cache modes</span></a></li><li><a href="sec-kvm-managing-clock.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">VM Guest clock settings</span></a></li><li><a href="chap-guestfs.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">libguestfs</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-qemu-ga.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name">QEMU guest agent</span></a></li><li><a href="tpm.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">22 </span><span class="title-name">Software TPM emulator</span></a></li><li><a href="virt-crash-dump.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">23 </span><span class="title-name">Creating crash dumps of a VM Guest</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-virt-xen.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Managing virtual machines with Xen</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-xen-vhost.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">24 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a virtual machine host</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-xen-network.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">25 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual networking</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-xen-manage.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">26 </span><span class="title-name">Managing a virtualization environment</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-xen-vbd.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">27 </span><span class="title-name">Block devices in Xen</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-xen-config.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">28 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization: configuration options and settings</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-xen-admin.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">29 </span><span class="title-name">Administrative tasks</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-xen-xenstore.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">30 </span><span class="title-name">XenStore: configuration database shared between domains</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-xen-ha.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">31 </span><span class="title-name">Xen as a high-availability virtualization host</span></a></li><li><a href="pv-to-fv.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">32 </span><span class="title-name">Xen: converting a paravirtual (PV) guest into a fully virtual (FV/HVM) guest</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-virt-qemu.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Managing virtual machines with QEMU</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-qemu-overview.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">33 </span><span class="title-name">QEMU overview</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-qemu-host.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">34 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a KVM VM Host Server</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-qemu-guest-inst.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">35 </span><span class="title-name">Guest installation</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-qemu-running.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">36 </span><span class="title-name">Running virtual machines with qemu-system-ARCH</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-qemu-monitor.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">37 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual machine administration using QEMU monitor</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="part-virt-troubleshoot.html" class="has-children "><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a><ol><li><a href="cha-virt-help.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">38 </span><span class="title-name">Integrated help and package documentation</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-virt-logs.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">39 </span><span class="title-name">Gathering system information and logs</span></a></li></ol></li><li><a href="gloss-vt-glossary.html" class=" "><span class="title-number"> </span><span class="title-name">Glossary</span></a></li><li><a href="app-vmdp-driver.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">Virtual machine drivers</span></a></li><li><a href="app-gpu-passthru.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">B </span><span class="title-name">Configuring GPU Pass-Through for NVIDIA cards</span></a></li><li><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">C </span><span class="title-name">XM, XL toolstacks, and the <code class="systemitem">libvirt</code> framework</span></a></li><li><a href="bk10apd.html" class=" "><span class="title-number">D </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></li> </ol> </nav><button id="_open-side-toc-overall" title="Contents"> </button><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-virtualization" data-id-title="Virtualization Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">Virtualization Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_virtualization.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p>This guide describes virtualization technology in
     general. It introduces libvirt—the unified interface to
     virtualization—and provides detailed information on specific
-    hypervisors.</p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-virtualization.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Virtualization Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+    hypervisors.</p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-virtualization.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Virtualization Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="cha-kvm.html"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-kvm.html#id-1.12.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-kvm.html#id-1.12.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-kvm.html#id-1.12.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-kvm.html#id-1.12.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-virt-intro.html"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="chap-virtualization-introduction.html"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization technology</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="chap-virtualization-introduction.html#sec-virtualization-introduction-overview"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="chap-virtualization-introduction.html#sec-virtualization-introduction-benefits"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization benefits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="chap-virtualization-introduction.html#sec-virtualization-introduction-fvpv"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization modes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="chap-virtualization-introduction.html#sec-vt-io"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">I/O virtualization</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-virtualization-scenarios.html"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization scenarios</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-virtualization-scenarios.html#sec-virtualization-scenarios-capabilities"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Server consolidation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-virtualization-scenarios.html#id-1.12.3.3.6"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Isolation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-virtualization-scenarios.html#id-1.12.3.3.7"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Disaster recovery</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-virtualization-scenarios.html#id-1.12.3.3.8"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic load balancing</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-xen-basics.html"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to Xen virtualization</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-basics.html#sec-xen-basics-components"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Basic components</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-basics.html#sec-xen-basics-arch"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Xen virtualization architecture</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-kvm-intro.html"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to KVM virtualization</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-kvm-intro.html#sec-kvm-intro"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Basic components</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-kvm-intro.html#sec-kvm-intro-arch"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">KVM virtualization architecture</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-tools-intro.html"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization tools</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tools-intro.html#sec-tools-intro-console"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization console tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-tools-intro.html#sec-tools-intro-gui"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization GUI tools</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-vt-installation.html"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Installation of virtualization components</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-vt-installation.html#introduction-install-virtualization-components"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-vt-installation.html#install-virtualization-components"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing virtualization components</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-vt-installation.html#sec-vt-installation-nested-vms"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Enable nested virtualization in KVM</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-virt-support.html"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization limits and support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-virt-support.html#sec-architecture-support"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Architecture support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-virt-support.html#virt-hypervisors-limits"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Hypervisor limits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-virt-support.html#virt-support-hosts"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Supported host environments (hypervisors)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-virt-support.html#virt-support-guests"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Supported guest operating systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-virt-support.html#virt-migration-support"><span class="title-number">7.5 </span><span class="title-name">Supported VM migration scenarios</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-virt-support.html#virt-support-feature-support"><span class="title-number">7.6 </span><span class="title-name">Feature support</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-virt-libvirt.html"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Managing virtual machines with <code class="systemitem">libvirt</code></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-libvirt-overview.html"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">libvirt</code> daemons</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-overview.html#libvirt-monolithic-daemon"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting and stopping the monolithic daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-overview.html#libvirt-modular-daemon"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Starting and stopping the modular daemons</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-overview.html#libvirt-switch-daemons"><span class="title-number">8.3 </span><span class="title-name">Switching to modular daemons</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-libvirt-host.html"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Preparing the VM Host Server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-host.html#libvirt-host-network"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring networks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-host.html#libvirt-host-storage"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a storage pool</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-kvm-inst.html"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Guest installation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-kvm-inst.html#sec-libvirt-inst-vmm"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">GUI-based guest installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-kvm-inst.html#sec-libvirt-inst-virt-install"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing from the command line with <code class="command">virt-install</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-kvm-inst.html#sec-libvirt-inst-advanced"><span class="title-number">10.3 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced guest installation scenarios</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-libvirt-managing.html"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">Basic VM Guest management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-managing.html#sec-libvirt-managing-list"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Listing VM Guests</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-managing.html#sec-libvirt-managing-console"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing the VM Guest via console</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-managing.html#sec-libvirt-managing-status"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Changing a VM Guest's state: start, stop, pause</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-managing.html#sec-libvirt-manage-save"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Saving and restoring the state of a VM Guest</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-managing.html#sec-libvirt-managing-snapshots"><span class="title-number">11.5 </span><span class="title-name">Creating and managing snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-managing.html#sec-libvirt-managing-delete"><span class="title-number">11.6 </span><span class="title-name">Deleting a VM Guest</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-managing.html#cha-libvirt-admin-monitor"><span class="title-number">11.7 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-libvirt-connect.html"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Connecting and authorizing</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-connect.html#sec-libvirt-connect-auth"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">Authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-connect.html#sec-libvirt-connect-connecting"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">Connecting to a VM Host Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-connect.html#sec-libvirt-connect-remote"><span class="title-number">12.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring remote connections</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-libvirt-storage.html"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced storage topics</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-storage.html#sec-libvirt-storage-locking"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Locking disk files and block devices with <code class="systemitem">virtlockd</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-storage.html#sec-libvirt-storage-resize"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Online resizing of guest block devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-storage.html#sec-libvirt-storage-share"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">Sharing directories between host and guests (file system pass-through)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-storage.html#libvirt-storage-rbd"><span class="title-number">13.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using RADOS block devices with <code class="systemitem">libvirt</code></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring virtual machines with Virtual Machine Manager</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#sec-libvirt-config-machine-setup"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">Machine setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#sec-libvirt-config-storage"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Storage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#sec-libvirt-config-controllers"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Controllers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#sec-libvirt-config-networking"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">Networking</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#sec-libvirt-config-input"><span class="title-number">14.5 </span><span class="title-name">Input devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#sec-libvirt-config-video"><span class="title-number">14.6 </span><span class="title-name">Video</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#sec-libvirt-config-usb-redirectors"><span class="title-number">14.7 </span><span class="title-name">USB redirectors</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#sec-libvirt-config-miscellaneous"><span class="title-number">14.8 </span><span class="title-name">Miscellaneous</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#sec-libvirt-config-cdrom"><span class="title-number">14.9 </span><span class="title-name">Adding a CD/DVD-ROM device with Virtual Machine Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#sec-libvirt-config-floppy"><span class="title-number">14.10 </span><span class="title-name">Adding a floppy device with Virtual Machine Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#sec-libvirt-config-cdrom-media-change"><span class="title-number">14.11 </span><span class="title-name">Ejecting and changing floppy or CD/DVD-ROM media with Virtual Machine Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#sec-libvirt-config-pci"><span class="title-number">14.12 </span><span class="title-name">Assigning a host PCI device to a VM Guest</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#sec-libvirt-config-usb"><span class="title-number">14.13 </span><span class="title-name">Assigning a host USB device to a VM Guest</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring virtual machines with <code class="command">virsh</code></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#sec-libvirt-config-editing-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Editing the VM configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#sec-libvirt-config-machinetype-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the machine type</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#sec-libvirt-hypervisor-features-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring hypervisor features</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#libvirt-cpu-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring CPU</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#sec-libvirt-config-boot-menu-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.5 </span><span class="title-name">Changing boot options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#sec-libvirt-config-memory-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring memory allocation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#sec-libvirt-config-pci-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.7 </span><span class="title-name">Adding a PCI device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#sec-libvirt-config-usb-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.8 </span><span class="title-name">Adding a USB device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#sec-libvirt-config-io"><span class="title-number">15.9 </span><span class="title-name">Adding SR-IOV devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#libvirt-config-listing-host-devs"><span class="title-number">15.10 </span><span class="title-name">Listing attached devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#libvirt-config-storage-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.11 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring storage devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#sec-libvirt-config-controllers-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.12 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring controller devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#libvirt-video-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.13 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring video devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#virsh-network-devices"><span class="title-number">15.14 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring network devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#sec-libvirt-config-direct"><span class="title-number">15.15 </span><span class="title-name">Using macvtap to share VM Host Server network interfaces</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#sec-libvirt-config-disable-virtio-mellon"><span class="title-number">15.16 </span><span class="title-name">Disabling a memory balloon device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#virsh-video-dual-head"><span class="title-number">15.17 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring multiple monitors (dual head)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#virsh-kvm-zseries-crypto"><span class="title-number">15.18 </span><span class="title-name">Crypto adapter pass-through to KVM guests on IBM Z</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="sec-libvirt-admin-migrate.html"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Migrating VM Guests</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-libvirt-admin-migrate.html#libvirt-migration-types"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Types of migration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-libvirt-admin-migrate.html#libvirt-admin-live-migration-requirements"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">Migration requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-libvirt-admin-migrate.html#sec-libvirt-admin-migrate-virtmanager"><span class="title-number">16.3 </span><span class="title-name">Live-migrating with Virtual Machine Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-libvirt-admin-migrate.html#sec-libvirt-admin-migrate-virsh"><span class="title-number">16.4 </span><span class="title-name">Migrating with <code class="command">virsh</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-libvirt-admin-migrate.html#sec-libvirt-migrate-stepbstep"><span class="title-number">16.5 </span><span class="title-name">Step-by-step example</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="xen2kvm-migration.html"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">Xen to KVM migration guide</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="xen2kvm-migration.html#x2k-v2v"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name">Migration to KVM using <code class="command">virt-v2v</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="xen2kvm-migration.html#id-1.12.4.11.5"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name">Xen to KVM manual migration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="xen2kvm-migration.html#id-1.12.4.11.6"><span class="title-number">17.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-virt-common.html"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Hypervisor-independent features</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-cachemodes.html"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">Disk cache modes</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-cachemodes.html#what-is-disk-cache"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">What is a disk cache?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-cachemodes.html#how-it-works-disk-cache"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">How does a disk cache work?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-cachemodes.html#benefits-disk-cache"><span class="title-number">18.3 </span><span class="title-name">Benefits of disk caching</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-cachemodes.html#cachemodes-descr"><span class="title-number">18.4 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual disk cache modes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-cachemodes.html#qemu-cachemodes-data-integrity"><span class="title-number">18.5 </span><span class="title-name">Cache modes and data integrity</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-cachemodes.html#sec-cache-mode-live-migration"><span class="title-number">18.6 </span><span class="title-name">Cache modes and live migration</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="sec-kvm-managing-clock.html"><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">VM Guest clock settings</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-kvm-managing-clock.html#sec-kvm-managing-clock-kvm"><span class="title-number">19.1 </span><span class="title-name">KVM: using <code class="systemitem">kvm_clock</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="sec-kvm-managing-clock.html#sec-xen-guests-suse-time"><span class="title-number">19.2 </span><span class="title-name">Xen virtual machine clock settings</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="chap-guestfs.html"><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">libguestfs</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="chap-guestfs.html#sec-guestfs-intro"><span class="title-number">20.1 </span><span class="title-name">VM Guest manipulation overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="chap-guestfs.html#sec-guestfs-package"><span class="title-number">20.2 </span><span class="title-name">Package installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="chap-guestfs.html#sec-guestfs-tools"><span class="title-number">20.3 </span><span class="title-name">Guestfs tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="chap-guestfs.html#sec-guestfs-trouble"><span class="title-number">20.4 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="chap-guestfs.html#sec-guestfs-external-doc"><span class="title-number">20.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-qemu-ga.html"><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name">QEMU guest agent</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-ga.html#cha-qemu-ga-libvirt-general"><span class="title-number">21.1 </span><span class="title-name">Running QEMU GA commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-ga.html#cha-qemu-ga-commands"><span class="title-number">21.2 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">virsh</code> commands that require QEMU GA</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-ga.html#cha-qemu-ga-libvirt"><span class="title-number">21.3 </span><span class="title-name">Enhancing <code class="systemitem">libvirt</code> commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-ga.html#cha-qemu-ga-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">21.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="tpm.html"><span class="title-number">22 </span><span class="title-name">Software TPM emulator</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="tpm.html#tpm-introduction"><span class="title-number">22.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="tpm.html#tpm-prerequisite"><span class="title-number">22.2 </span><span class="title-name">Prerequisites</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="tpm.html#tpm-installation"><span class="title-number">22.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="tpm.html#tpm-qemu"><span class="title-number">22.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using <code class="command">swtpm</code> with QEMU</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="tpm.html#tpm-libvirt"><span class="title-number">22.5 </span><span class="title-name">Using swtpm with <code class="systemitem">libvirt</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="tpm.html#tpm-ovmf"><span class="title-number">22.6 </span><span class="title-name">TPM measurement with OVMF firmware</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="tpm.html#qemu-tpm-resources"><span class="title-number">22.7 </span><span class="title-name">Resources</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="virt-crash-dump.html"><span class="title-number">23 </span><span class="title-name">Creating crash dumps of a VM Guest</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="virt-crash-dump.html#virt-crash-dump-introduction"><span class="title-number">23.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="virt-crash-dump.html#virt-crash-dump-fv"><span class="title-number">23.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating crash dumps for fully virtualized machines</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="virt-crash-dump.html#virt-crash-dump-pv"><span class="title-number">23.3 </span><span class="title-name">Creating crash dumps for paravirtualized machines</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="virt-crash-dump.html#virt-crash-dump-more-info"><span class="title-number">23.4 </span><span class="title-name">Additional information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-virt-xen.html"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Managing virtual machines with Xen</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-xen-vhost.html"><span class="title-number">24 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a virtual machine host</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-vhost.html#sec-xen-vhost-best"><span class="title-number">24.1 </span><span class="title-name">Best practices and suggestions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-vhost.html#sec-xen-vhost-memory"><span class="title-number">24.2 </span><span class="title-name">Managing Dom0 memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-vhost.html#sec-xen-vhost-netcard"><span class="title-number">24.3 </span><span class="title-name">Network card in fully virtualized guests</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-vhost.html#sec-xen-vhost-start"><span class="title-number">24.4 </span><span class="title-name">Starting the virtual machine host</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-vhost.html#sec-xen-vhost-pciback"><span class="title-number">24.5 </span><span class="title-name">PCI Pass-Through</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-vhost.html#sec-xen-vhost-usbpass"><span class="title-number">24.6 </span><span class="title-name">USB pass-through</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-xen-network.html"><span class="title-number">25 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual networking</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-network.html#sec-xen-vdevices"><span class="title-number">25.1 </span><span class="title-name">Network devices for guest systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-network.html#sec-xen-net-host-route"><span class="title-number">25.2 </span><span class="title-name">Host-based routing in Xen</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-network.html#sec-xen-net-masquerade"><span class="title-number">25.3 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a masqueraded network setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-network.html#sec-xen-net-special"><span class="title-number">25.4 </span><span class="title-name">Special configurations</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-xen-manage.html"><span class="title-number">26 </span><span class="title-name">Managing a virtualization environment</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-manage.html#sec-xen-manage-xl"><span class="title-number">26.1 </span><span class="title-name">XL—Xen management tool</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-manage.html#sec-xen-manage-autostart"><span class="title-number">26.2 </span><span class="title-name">Automatic start of guest domains</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-manage.html#sec-xen-manage-events"><span class="title-number">26.3 </span><span class="title-name">Event actions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-manage.html#sec-xen-manage-tsc"><span class="title-number">26.4 </span><span class="title-name">Time Stamp Counter</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-manage.html#sec-xen-config-suspend"><span class="title-number">26.5 </span><span class="title-name">Saving virtual machines</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-manage.html#sec-xen-config-restore"><span class="title-number">26.6 </span><span class="title-name">Restoring virtual machines</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-manage.html#sec-xen-config-state"><span class="title-number">26.7 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual machine states</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-xen-vbd.html"><span class="title-number">27 </span><span class="title-name">Block devices in Xen</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-vbd.html#sec-xen-config-disk"><span class="title-number">27.1 </span><span class="title-name">Mapping physical storage to virtual disks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-vbd.html#sec-xen-config-netdisk"><span class="title-number">27.2 </span><span class="title-name">Mapping network storage to virtual disk</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-vbd.html#sec-xen-config-filedisk"><span class="title-number">27.3 </span><span class="title-name">File-backed virtual disks and loopback devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-vbd.html#sec-xen-block-resize"><span class="title-number">27.4 </span><span class="title-name">Resizing block devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-vbd.html#sec-xen-block-advstoragescripts"><span class="title-number">27.5 </span><span class="title-name">Scripts for managing advanced storage scenarios</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-xen-config.html"><span class="title-number">28 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization: configuration options and settings</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-config.html#sec-xen-config-vcd"><span class="title-number">28.1 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual CD readers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-config.html#sec-xen-config-remote-access"><span class="title-number">28.2 </span><span class="title-name">Remote access methods</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-config.html#sec-xen-config-vnc"><span class="title-number">28.3 </span><span class="title-name">VNC viewer</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-config.html#sec-xen-config-keyboard"><span class="title-number">28.4 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual keyboards</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-config.html#xen-config-cpupinning"><span class="title-number">28.5 </span><span class="title-name">Dedicating CPU resources</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-config.html#sec-xen-config-hvm"><span class="title-number">28.6 </span><span class="title-name">HVM features</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-config.html#sec-xen-config-scheduling"><span class="title-number">28.7 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual CPU scheduling</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-xen-admin.html"><span class="title-number">29 </span><span class="title-name">Administrative tasks</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-admin.html#sec-xen-config-bootloader"><span class="title-number">29.1 </span><span class="title-name">The boot loader program</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-admin.html#sec-xen-config-sparse"><span class="title-number">29.2 </span><span class="title-name">Sparse image files and disk space</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-admin.html#sec-xen-manage-migrate"><span class="title-number">29.3 </span><span class="title-name">Migrating Xen VM Guest systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-admin.html#sec-xen-monitor"><span class="title-number">29.4 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring Xen</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-admin.html#sec-xen-admin-vhostmd"><span class="title-number">29.5 </span><span class="title-name">Providing host information for VM Guest systems</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-xen-xenstore.html"><span class="title-number">30 </span><span class="title-name">XenStore: configuration database shared between domains</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-xenstore.html#sec-xenstore-intro"><span class="title-number">30.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-xenstore.html#sec-xenstore-fsi"><span class="title-number">30.2 </span><span class="title-name">File system interface</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-xen-ha.html"><span class="title-number">31 </span><span class="title-name">Xen as a high-availability virtualization host</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-ha.html#sec-xen-ha-remote-storage"><span class="title-number">31.1 </span><span class="title-name">Xen HA with remote storage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-ha.html#sec-xen-ha-local-storage"><span class="title-number">31.2 </span><span class="title-name">Xen HA with local storage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xen-ha.html#sec-xen-ha-private-bridge"><span class="title-number">31.3 </span><span class="title-name">Xen HA and private bridges</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="pv-to-fv.html"><span class="title-number">32 </span><span class="title-name">Xen: converting a paravirtual (PV) guest into a fully virtual (FV/HVM) guest</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-virt-qemu.html"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Managing virtual machines with QEMU</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-qemu-overview.html"><span class="title-number">33 </span><span class="title-name">QEMU overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-qemu-host.html"><span class="title-number">34 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a KVM VM Host Server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-host.html#kvm-host-cpu"><span class="title-number">34.1 </span><span class="title-name">CPU support for virtualization</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-host.html#kvm-host-soft"><span class="title-number">34.2 </span><span class="title-name">Required software</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-host.html#kvm-host-virtio"><span class="title-number">34.3 </span><span class="title-name">KVM host-specific features</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-qemu-guest-inst.html"><span class="title-number">35 </span><span class="title-name">Guest installation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-guest-inst.html#cha-qemu-guest-inst-qemu-kvm"><span class="title-number">35.1 </span><span class="title-name">Basic installation with <code class="command">qemu-system-ARCH</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-guest-inst.html#cha-qemu-guest-inst-qemu-img"><span class="title-number">35.2 </span><span class="title-name">Managing disk images with <code class="command">qemu-img</code></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-qemu-running.html"><span class="title-number">36 </span><span class="title-name">Running virtual machines with qemu-system-ARCH</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-running.html#cha-qemu-running-basic"><span class="title-number">36.1 </span><span class="title-name">Basic <code class="command">qemu-system-ARCH</code> invocation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-running.html#cha-qemu-running-gen-opts"><span class="title-number">36.2 </span><span class="title-name">General <code class="command">qemu-system-ARCH</code> options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-running.html#cha-qemu-running-devices"><span class="title-number">36.3 </span><span class="title-name">Using devices in QEMU</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-running.html#cha-qemu-running-networking"><span class="title-number">36.4 </span><span class="title-name">Networking in QEMU</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-running.html#cha-qemu-running-vnc"><span class="title-number">36.5 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing a VM Guest with VNC</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-qemu-monitor.html"><span class="title-number">37 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual machine administration using QEMU monitor</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-monitor.html#sec-qemu-monitor-access"><span class="title-number">37.1 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing monitor console</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-monitor.html#sec-qemu-monitor-get"><span class="title-number">37.2 </span><span class="title-name">Getting information about the guest system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-monitor.html#sec-qemu-monitor-vnc-pw"><span class="title-number">37.3 </span><span class="title-name">Changing VNC password</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-monitor.html#sec-qemu-monitor-manage-dev"><span class="title-number">37.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-monitor.html#sec-qemu-monitor-keyboard"><span class="title-number">37.5 </span><span class="title-name">Controlling keyboard and mouse</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-monitor.html#sec-qemu-monitor-memory"><span class="title-number">37.6 </span><span class="title-name">Changing available memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-monitor.html#sec-qemu-monitor-virt-memory"><span class="title-number">37.7 </span><span class="title-name">Dumping virtual machine memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-monitor.html#sec-qemu-monitor-snapshots"><span class="title-number">37.8 </span><span class="title-name">Managing virtual machine snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-monitor.html#sec-qemu-monitor-suspend"><span class="title-number">37.9 </span><span class="title-name">Suspending and resuming virtual machine execution</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-monitor.html#sec-qemu-monitor-migrate"><span class="title-number">37.10 </span><span class="title-name">Live migration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-qemu-monitor.html#qemu-monitor-qmp"><span class="title-number">37.11 </span><span class="title-name">QMP - QEMU machine protocol</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="part-virt-troubleshoot.html"><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-virt-help.html"><span class="title-number">38 </span><span class="title-name">Integrated help and package documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="cha-virt-logs.html"><span class="title-number">39 </span><span class="title-name">Gathering system information and logs</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-virt-logs.html#sec-logs-libvirt"><span class="title-number">39.1 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">libvirt</code> log controls</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="glossary"><a href="gloss-vt-glossary.html"><span class="title-name">Glossary</span></a></span></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="app-vmdp-driver.html"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">Virtual machine drivers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="app-gpu-passthru.html"><span class="title-number">B </span><span class="title-name">Configuring GPU Pass-Through for NVIDIA cards</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="app-gpu-passthru.html#gpu-passthru-intro"><span class="title-number">B.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="app-gpu-passthru.html#gpu-passthru-prerequisites"><span class="title-number">B.2 </span><span class="title-name">Prerequisites</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="app-gpu-passthru.html#gpu-passthru-host"><span class="title-number">B.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the host</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="app-gpu-passthru.html#gpu-passthru-guest"><span class="title-number">B.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the guest</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html"><span class="title-number">C </span><span class="title-name">XM, XL toolstacks, and the <code class="systemitem">libvirt</code> framework</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#sec-xmtoxl-intro"><span class="title-number">C.1 </span><span class="title-name">Xen toolstacks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#xen-xen2libvirt"><span class="title-number">C.2 </span><span class="title-name">Import Xen domain configuration into <code class="systemitem">libvirt</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#sec-xmvsxl"><span class="title-number">C.3 </span><span class="title-name">Differences between the <code class="command">xm</code> and <code class="command">xl</code> applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#sec-xmtoxl-links"><span class="title-number">C.4 </span><span class="title-name">External links</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#sec-libvirt-managing-export-Xen-xm"><span class="title-number">C.5 </span><span class="title-name">Saving a Xen guest configuration in an <code class="command">xm</code> compatible format</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="bk10apd.html"><span class="title-number">D </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="bk10apd.html#id-1.12.13.4"><span class="title-number">D.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-xen-basics.html#fig-xen-basics-arch"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">Xen virtualization architecture</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-kvm-intro.html#fig-kvm-basics-arch"><span class="number">4.1 </span><span class="name">KVM virtualization architecture</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-vt-installation.html#id-1.12.3.7.4.4.3"><span class="number">6.1 </span><span class="name">System Role screen</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-host.html#id-1.12.4.3.4.5.6.3.2.2.2"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Connection details</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-host.html#id-1.12.4.3.4.5.6.3.2.4.2"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name">Create virtual network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-kvm-inst.html#id-1.12.4.4.6.2.3"><span class="number">10.1 </span><span class="name">Specifying default options for new VMs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#id-1.12.4.8.4"><span class="number">14.1 </span><span class="name"><span class="guimenu">Details</span> view of a VM Guest</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#id-1.12.4.8.9.3.3"><span class="number">14.2 </span><span class="name">Overview details</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#id-1.12.4.8.9.3.5"><span class="number">14.3 </span><span class="name">VM Guest title and description</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#id-1.12.4.8.9.4.3"><span class="number">14.4 </span><span class="name">Performance</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#id-1.12.4.8.9.4.5"><span class="number">14.5 </span><span class="name">Statistics charts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#id-1.12.4.8.9.5.3"><span class="number">14.6 </span><span class="name">Processor view</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#id-1.12.4.8.9.6.3"><span class="number">14.7 </span><span class="name">Memory view</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#id-1.12.4.8.9.7.3"><span class="number">14.8 </span><span class="name">Boot options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#id-1.12.4.8.10.3.2.2"><span class="number">14.9 </span><span class="name">Add a new storage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#id-1.12.4.8.11.3.2.2"><span class="number">14.10 </span><span class="name">Add a new controller</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#id-1.12.4.8.12.3.2.2"><span class="number">14.11 </span><span class="name">Add a new network interface</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#id-1.12.4.8.13.3.2.2"><span class="number">14.12 </span><span class="name">Add a new input device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#id-1.12.4.8.14.3.3.1"><span class="number">14.13 </span><span class="name">Add a new video device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#id-1.12.4.8.15.3.2.2"><span class="number">14.14 </span><span class="name">Add a new USB redirector</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#id-1.12.4.8.20.3.3.2.2"><span class="number">14.15 </span><span class="name">Adding a PCI device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-gui.html#id-1.12.4.8.21.3.3.2.2"><span class="number">14.16 </span><span class="name">Adding a USB device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-cachemodes.html#fig-caching"><span class="number">18.1 </span><span class="name">Caching mechanism</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-xen-admin.html#id-1.12.6.7.4.4"><span class="number">29.1 </span><span class="name">Boot loader settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-qemu-host.html#id-1.12.7.3.6.3.2.2"><span class="number">34.1 </span><span class="name">Installing the KVM hypervisor and tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-qemu-host.html#id-1.12.7.3.6.3.4.2"><span class="number">34.2 </span><span class="name">Network bridge</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-qemu-running.html#id-1.12.7.5.5.5.5.6"><span class="number">36.1 </span><span class="name">QEMU window with SLES as VM Guest</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-qemu-running.html#id-1.12.7.5.8.11"><span class="number">36.2 </span><span class="name">QEMU VNC session</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="cha-qemu-running.html#id-1.12.7.5.8.12.7"><span class="number">36.3 </span><span class="name">Authentication dialog in Remmina</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-virt-support.html#id-1.12.3.8.5.6.3"><span class="number">7.1 </span><span class="name">KVM VM limits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-virt-support.html#id-1.12.3.8.5.7.2"><span class="number">7.2 </span><span class="name">Xen VM limits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-virt-support.html#id-1.12.3.8.5.7.3"><span class="number">7.3 </span><span class="name">Xen host limits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-virt-support.html#id-1.12.3.8.6.3"><span class="number">7.4 </span><span class="name">The following SUSE host environments are supported</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-virt-support.html#id-1.12.3.8.8.3.3"><span class="number">7.5 </span><span class="name">Supported offline migration guests</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-virt-support.html#id-1.12.3.8.8.4.5"><span class="number">7.6 </span><span class="name">Supported live-migration guests</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-virt-support.html#id-1.12.3.8.9.4.2"><span class="number">7.7 </span><span class="name">Feature support—host (<code class="literal">Dom0</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-virt-support.html#id-1.12.3.8.9.5.6"><span class="number">7.8 </span><span class="name">Guest feature support for Xen and KVM</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xen-ha.html#tab-xen-remote-storage"><span class="number">31.1 </span><span class="name">Xen remote storage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.6.3"><span class="number">C.1 </span><span class="name">Notation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.7.3"><span class="number">C.2 </span><span class="name">New global options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.8.3"><span class="number">C.3 </span><span class="name">Common options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.9.3.3"><span class="number">C.4 </span><span class="name">Domain management removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.9.4.3"><span class="number">C.5 </span><span class="name">USB devices management removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.9.5.3"><span class="number">C.6 </span><span class="name">CPU management removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.9.6.3"><span class="number">C.7 </span><span class="name">Other options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.3.4"><span class="number">C.8 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">create</code> Changed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.3.5"><span class="number">C.9 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">create</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.3.6"><span class="number">C.10 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">create</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.4.4"><span class="number">C.11 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">console</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.5.3"><span class="number">C.12 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">info</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.6.4"><span class="number">C.13 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">dump-core</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.7.4"><span class="number">C.14 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">list</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.7.5"><span class="number">C.15 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">list</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.8.3"><span class="number">C.16 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">mem-*</code> Changed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.9.4"><span class="number">C.17 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">migrate</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.9.5"><span class="number">C.18 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">migrate</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.10.4"><span class="number">C.19 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">reboot</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.10.5"><span class="number">C.20 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">reboot</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.10.8"><span class="number">C.21 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">save</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.10.11"><span class="number">C.22 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">restore</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.10.14"><span class="number">C.23 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">shutdown</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.10.15"><span class="number">C.24 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">shutdown</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.10.16"><span class="number">C.25 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">trigger</code> Changed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.11.4"><span class="number">C.26 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">sched-credit</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.11.5"><span class="number">C.27 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">sched-credit</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.11.8"><span class="number">C.28 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">sched-credit2</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.11.9"><span class="number">C.29 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">sched-credit2</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.11.11"><span class="number">C.30 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">sched-sedf</code> removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.11.12"><span class="number">C.31 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">sched-sedf</code> added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.12.4"><span class="number">C.32 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">cpupool-list</code> removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.12.7"><span class="number">C.33 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">cpupool-create</code> removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.13.4"><span class="number">C.34 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">pci-detach</code> added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.13.5"><span class="number">C.35 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">block-list</code> removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.13.6"><span class="number">C.36 </span><span class="name">Other options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.14.2"><span class="number">C.37 </span><span class="name">Network options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.5.10.14.3"><span class="number">C.38 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">network-attach</code> removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#table-xmtoxl-new-options"><span class="number">C.39 </span><span class="name">New options</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-libvirt-host.html#ex-libvirt-net-nat"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">NAT-based network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-libvirt-host.html#id-1.12.4.3.4.5.7.6.9"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name">Routed network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-libvirt-host.html#id-1.12.4.3.4.5.7.6.10"><span class="number">9.3 </span><span class="name">Isolated network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-libvirt-host.html#id-1.12.4.3.4.5.7.6.11"><span class="number">9.4 </span><span class="name">Using an existing bridge on VM Host Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-kvm-inst.html#id-1.12.4.4.7.4.6.2.3"><span class="number">10.1 </span><span class="name">Loading kernel and initrd from HTTP server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-kvm-inst.html#ex-libvirt-inst-virt-install-example"><span class="number">10.2 </span><span class="name">Example of a <code class="command">virt-install</code> command line</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-libvirt-managing.html#id-1.12.4.5.11.5.6"><span class="number">11.1 </span><span class="name">Typical output of <code class="command">kvm_stat</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-libvirt-config-virsh.html#id-1.12.4.9.3.3"><span class="number">15.1 </span><span class="name">Example XML configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-xen-manage.html#id-1.12.6.4.4.18.4"><span class="number">26.1 </span><span class="name">Guest domain configuration file for SLED 12: <code class="filename">/etc/xen/sled12.cfg</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-qemu-host.html#ex-qemu-virtfs-host"><span class="number">34.1 </span><span class="name">Exporting host's file system with VirtFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-qemu-running.html#ex-qemu-net-usermode-resctrict"><span class="number">36.1 </span><span class="name">Restricted user-mode networking</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-qemu-running.html#ex-qemu-net-usermode-iprange"><span class="number">36.2 </span><span class="name">User-mode networking with custom IP range</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-qemu-running.html#ex-qemu-net-usermode-netboot-tftp"><span class="number">36.3 </span><span class="name">User-mode networking with network-boot and TFTP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-qemu-running.html#ex-qemu-net-usermode-hostfwd"><span class="number">36.4 </span><span class="name">User-mode networking with host port forwarding</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-qemu-running.html#ex-running-vnc-secure-pwd"><span class="number">36.5 </span><span class="name">Password authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-qemu-running.html#ex-running-vnc-secure-x509"><span class="number">36.6 </span><span class="name">x509 certificate authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-qemu-running.html#ex-running-vnc-secure-pwd-x509"><span class="number">36.7 </span><span class="name">x509 certificate and password authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-qemu-running.html#ex-running-vnc-secure-sasl"><span class="number">36.8 </span><span class="name">SASL authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="cha-xmtoxl.html#id-1.12.12.4.10"><span class="number">C.1 </span><span class="name">Converting Xen domain configuration to <code class="systemitem">libvirt</code></span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.12.1.5"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLE-kubevirt/article-kubevirt_draft.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLE-kubevirt/article-kubevirt_draft.html
index 97882b9314..5dfa0a2ffe 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLE-kubevirt/article-kubevirt_draft.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLE-kubevirt/article-kubevirt_draft.html
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@
 });
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/blob/main/xml/art-kubevirt.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#article-kubevirt">Using KubeVirt on SUSE Linux Enterprise</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="article" id="article-kubevirt" data-id-title="Using KubeVirt on SUSE Linux Enterprise"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div><h1 class="title">Using KubeVirt on SUSE Linux Enterprise</h1></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>
-    January 06, 2025
+    January 07, 2025
 
    </div><div><div class="abstract"><p>
         KubeVirt is a virtual machine management add-on for Kubernetes.
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLE-kubevirt/index.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLE-kubevirt/index.html
index 97882b9314..5dfa0a2ffe 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLE-kubevirt/index.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLE-kubevirt/index.html
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@
 });
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/blob/main/xml/art-kubevirt.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#article-kubevirt">Using KubeVirt on SUSE Linux Enterprise</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="article" id="article-kubevirt" data-id-title="Using KubeVirt on SUSE Linux Enterprise"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div><h1 class="title">Using KubeVirt on SUSE Linux Enterprise</h1></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>
-    January 06, 2025
+    January 07, 2025
 
    </div><div><div class="abstract"><p>
         KubeVirt is a virtual machine management add-on for Kubernetes.
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-administration/book-administration_draft.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-administration/book-administration_draft.html
index 18c23cf095..ed4fbfb364 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-administration/book-administration_draft.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-administration/book-administration_draft.html
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@
     This guide covers system administration tasks
      like maintaining, monitoring and customizing an initially installed
      system.
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-administration.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Administration Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-administration.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Administration Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="#preface-administration"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.3.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.3.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.3.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.3.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-administration"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Common tasks</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-adm-shell"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Bash and Bash scripts</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-whatistheshell"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">What is <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">the shell</span>”</span>?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-shellscripts"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Writing shell scripts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-shell-redirect"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Redirecting command events</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-alias"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using aliases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-variables"><span class="title-number">1.5 </span><span class="title-name">Using variables in Bash</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-shell-grouping"><span class="title-number">1.6 </span><span class="title-name">Grouping and combining commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-shell-commonconstructs"><span class="title-number">1.7 </span><span class="title-name">Working with common flow constructs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-shell-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">1.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-adm-sudo"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">sudo</code> basics</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-sudo-usage"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Basic <code class="command">sudo</code> usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sudo-conf"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring <code class="command">sudo</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sudo-usecases"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">sudo</code> use cases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-sudo-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-yast-gui"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Using YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast2-gui"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">YaST interface overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-gui-key-combination"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Useful key combinations</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-yast-text"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">YaST in text mode</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-cli-navigate"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Navigation in modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-cli-key-combination"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced key combinations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-cli-restricted-keys"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Restriction of key combinations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-cli-options"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">YaST command line options</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-yast-lang"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Changing language and country settings with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-langmod"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the system language</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-country"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the country and time settings</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-yast-userman"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing users with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-userman-main"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">User and group administration dialog</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-userman-users"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Managing user accounts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-userman-adv"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Additional options for user accounts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-userman-defaults"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">Changing default settings for local users</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-userman-assign"><span class="title-number">6.5 </span><span class="title-name">Assigning users to groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-userman-groups"><span class="title-number">6.6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-userman-authent"><span class="title-number">6.7 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the user authentication method</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-userman-defaultsystemusers"><span class="title-number">6.8 </span><span class="title-name">Default system users</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#default-system-groups"><span class="title-number">6.9 </span><span class="title-name">Default system groups</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-onlineupdate-you"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">YaST online update</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-onlineupdate-you-overview"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">The online update dialog</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-onlineupdate-you-install"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing patches</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-onlineupdate-retracted-patches"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing retracted patches</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-onlineupdate-you-automatically"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Automatic online update</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-yast-software"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Installing or removing software</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-onlineupdate-terms"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Definition of terms</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-software-register"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Registering an installed system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-software-qt"><span class="title-number">8.3 </span><span class="title-name">Using the YaST software manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-software-instsource"><span class="title-number">8.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing software repositories and services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-updater"><span class="title-number">8.5 </span><span class="title-name">The GNOME package updater</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-updater-gnomesw"><span class="title-number">8.6 </span><span class="title-name">Updating packages with <span class="guimenu">GNOME Software</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-sw-cl"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Managing software with command line tools</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-zypper"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using Zypper</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rpm"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">RPM—the package manager</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-snapper"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">System recovery and snapshot management with Snapper</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-snapper-setup"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">Default setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-snapper-undo"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using Snapper to undo changes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-snapper-snapshot-boot"><span class="title-number">10.3 </span><span class="title-name">System rollback by booting from snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-snapper-homedirs"><span class="title-number">10.4 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling Snapper in user home directories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-snapper-config"><span class="title-number">10.5 </span><span class="title-name">Creating and modifying Snapper configurations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-snapper-manage"><span class="title-number">10.6 </span><span class="title-name">Manually creating and managing snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-snapper-clean-up"><span class="title-number">10.7 </span><span class="title-name">Automatic snapshot clean-up</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.3.3.11.14"><span class="title-number">10.8 </span><span class="title-name">Showing exclusive disk space used by snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-snapper-faqs"><span class="title-number">10.9 </span><span class="title-name">Frequently asked questions</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-klp"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">Live kernel patching with KLP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-klp-advantages"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Advantages of Kernel Live Patching</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-klp-overview"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel Live Patching overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-klp-enable-with-yast2"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Activating Kernel Live Patching using YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-klp-enable-cli"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Activating Kernel Live Patching from the command line</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-klp-perform"><span class="title-number">11.5 </span><span class="title-name">Performing Kernel Live Patching</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-klp-troubleshoot"><span class="title-number">11.6 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting Kernel Live Patching issues</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-ulp"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">User space live patching</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ulp"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">About user space live patching</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ulp-info"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-transactional-updates"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Transactional updates</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tu-limitations"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Limitations of technology preview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-install-tu"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling <span class="package">transactional-update</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tu-disable"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">Managing automatic updates</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.3.3.14.6"><span class="title-number">13.4 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="command">transactional-update</code> command</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tu-troubleshooting"><span class="title-number">13.5 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-vnc"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">Remote graphical sessions with VNC</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-vnc-viewer"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="command">vncviewer</code> client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#vnc-remmina"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Remmina: the remote desktop client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-vnc-one-time"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring one-time sessions on the VNC server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-vnc-persistent"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring persistent VNC server sessions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-vnc-encrypt"><span class="title-number">14.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring encryption on the VNC server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-vnc-wayland"><span class="title-number">14.6 </span><span class="title-name">Compatibility with Wayland</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-net-rsync"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">File copying with RSync</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-rsync-overview"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-rsync-syntax"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Basic syntax</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-rsync-local-copy"><span class="title-number">15.3 </span><span class="title-name">Copying files and directories locally</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-rsync-remote-copy"><span class="title-number">15.4 </span><span class="title-name">Copying files and directories remotely</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-rsync-server"><span class="title-number">15.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring and using an rsync server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-rsync-summary"><span class="title-number">15.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-boot"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Booting a Linux system</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-boot"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to the boot process</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-terminology"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-proc"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">The Linux boot process</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-uefi"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface)</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-uefi-secboot"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name">Secure boot</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-uefi-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-grub2"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">The boot loader GRUB 2</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-grub2-new-features"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Main differences between GRUB legacy and GRUB 2</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-grub2-file-structure"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration file structure</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-grub2-yast2-config"><span class="title-number">18.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the boot loader with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-grub2-commands"><span class="title-number">18.4 </span><span class="title-name">Helpful GRUB 2 commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#grub-rescue-target"><span class="title-number">18.5 </span><span class="title-name">Rescue mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-grub2-info"><span class="title-number">18.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-systemd"><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> daemon</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-systemd-concept"><span class="title-number">19.1 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> concept</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-systemd-basics"><span class="title-number">19.2 </span><span class="title-name">Basic usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-systemd-boot"><span class="title-number">19.3 </span><span class="title-name">System start and target management</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-runlevel-edit"><span class="title-number">19.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing services with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-systemd-custom"><span class="title-number">19.5 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing <code class="systemitem">systemd</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-systemd-advanced"><span class="title-number">19.6 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-systemd-timer-units"><span class="title-number">19.7 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">systemd</code> timer units</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-systemd-info"><span class="title-number">19.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-system"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">System</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-64bit"><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">32-bit and 64-bit applications in a 64-bit system environment</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-64bit-runt"><span class="title-number">20.1 </span><span class="title-name">Runtime support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-64bit-kernel"><span class="title-number">20.2 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel specifications</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-journalctl"><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">journalctl</code>: query the <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> journal</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-journalctl-persistent"><span class="title-number">21.1 </span><span class="title-name">Making the journal persistent</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-journalctl-switches"><span class="title-number">21.2 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">journalctl</code>: useful switches</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-journalctl-filter"><span class="title-number">21.3 </span><span class="title-name">Filtering the journal output</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-journalctl-investigate"><span class="title-number">21.4 </span><span class="title-name">Investigating <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> errors</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-journalctl-config"><span class="title-number">21.5 </span><span class="title-name">Journald configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-journalctl-yast"><span class="title-number">21.6 </span><span class="title-name">Using YaST to filter the <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> journal</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-journalctl-gnome-logs"><span class="title-number">21.7 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing logs in GNOME</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-update-alternative"><span class="title-number">22 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">update-alternatives</code>: managing multiple versions of commands and files</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ua-concept"><span class="title-number">22.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ua-use-cases"><span class="title-number">22.2 </span><span class="title-name">Use cases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ua-view-all"><span class="title-number">22.3 </span><span class="title-name">Getting an overview of alternatives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ua-view"><span class="title-number">22.4 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing details on specific alternatives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ua-set"><span class="title-number">22.5 </span><span class="title-name">Setting the default version of alternatives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ua-install"><span class="title-number">22.6 </span><span class="title-name">Installing custom alternatives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ua-slave"><span class="title-number">22.7 </span><span class="title-name">Defining dependent alternatives</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-network"><span class="title-number">23 </span><span class="title-name">Basic networking</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-network-addresses"><span class="title-number">23.1 </span><span class="title-name">IP addresses and routing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-network-ipv6"><span class="title-number">23.2 </span><span class="title-name">IPv6—the next generation Internet</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-network-nameres"><span class="title-number">23.3 </span><span class="title-name">Name resolution</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-network-yast"><span class="title-number">23.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a network connection with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-network-nm"><span class="title-number">23.5 </span><span class="title-name">NetworkManager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-network-manconf"><span class="title-number">23.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a network connection manually</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-network-iface-bonding"><span class="title-number">23.7 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up bonding devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-network-iface-teaming"><span class="title-number">23.8 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up team devices for Network Teaming</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-print"><span class="title-number">24 </span><span class="title-name">Printer operation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-print-workflow"><span class="title-number">24.1 </span><span class="title-name">The CUPS workflow</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-print-method"><span class="title-number">24.2 </span><span class="title-name">Methods and protocols for connecting printers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-print-software"><span class="title-number">24.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing the software</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-print-net"><span class="title-number">24.4 </span><span class="title-name">Network printers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-print-net-config-cmdl"><span class="title-number">24.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring CUPS with command line tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-print-appl-commandline"><span class="title-number">24.6 </span><span class="title-name">Printing from the command line</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-print-special"><span class="title-number">24.7 </span><span class="title-name">Special features in <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-print-prob"><span class="title-number">24.8 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gui-desktop"><span class="title-number">25 </span><span class="title-name">Graphical user interface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gui-desktop-xorg"><span class="title-number">25.1 </span><span class="title-name">X Window System</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-x11-fontsys"><span class="title-number">25.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing and configuring fonts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gui-desktop-gnome"><span class="title-number">25.3 </span><span class="title-name">GNOME configuration for administrators</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gui-desktop-suse-prime"><span class="title-number">25.4 </span><span class="title-name">Switching between Intel and NVIDIA Optimus GPUs with SUSE Prime</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-fuse"><span class="title-number">26 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing file systems with FUSE</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fuse-config"><span class="title-number">26.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring FUSE</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fuse-ntfs"><span class="title-number">26.2 </span><span class="title-name">Mounting an NTFS partition</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fuse-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">26.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-multikernel"><span class="title-number">27 </span><span class="title-name">Installing multiple kernel versions</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-multikernel-enable"><span class="title-number">27.1 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling and configuring multiversion support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-multikernel-yast"><span class="title-number">27.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing/removing multiple kernel versions with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-multikernel-zypper"><span class="title-number">27.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing/removing multiple kernel versions with Zypper</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-mod"><span class="title-number">28 </span><span class="title-name">Managing kernel modules</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-mod-lsmod"><span class="title-number">28.1 </span><span class="title-name">Listing loaded modules with lsmod and modinfo</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-mod-modprobe"><span class="title-number">28.2 </span><span class="title-name">Adding and removing kernel modules</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-udev"><span class="title-number">29 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic kernel device management with <code class="systemitem">udev</code></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-devdir"><span class="title-number">29.1 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="filename">/dev</code> directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-kernel"><span class="title-number">29.2 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel <code class="systemitem">uevents</code> and <code class="systemitem">udev</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-drivers"><span class="title-number">29.3 </span><span class="title-name">Drivers, kernel modules and devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-boot"><span class="title-number">29.4 </span><span class="title-name">Booting and initial device setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-debug"><span class="title-number">29.5 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring the running <code class="systemitem">udev</code> daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-rules"><span class="title-number">29.6 </span><span class="title-name">Influencing kernel device event handling with <code class="systemitem">udev</code> rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-persdev"><span class="title-number">29.7 </span><span class="title-name">Persistent device naming</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-files"><span class="title-number">29.8 </span><span class="title-name">Files used by <code class="systemitem">udev</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">29.9 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-suse"><span class="title-number">30 </span><span class="title-name">Special system features</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-suse-packages"><span class="title-number">30.1 </span><span class="title-name">Information about special software packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-suse-virt-konsolen"><span class="title-number">30.2 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual consoles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-suse-kb"><span class="title-number">30.3 </span><span class="title-name">Keyboard mapping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-suse-l10n"><span class="title-number">30.4 </span><span class="title-name">Language and country-specific settings</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-nm"><span class="title-number">31 </span><span class="title-name">Using NetworkManager</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nm-usecase"><span class="title-number">31.1 </span><span class="title-name">Use cases for NetworkManager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nm-activate"><span class="title-number">31.2 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling or disabling NetworkManager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nm-configure"><span class="title-number">31.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring network connections</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nm-security"><span class="title-number">31.4 </span><span class="title-name">NetworkManager and security</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nm-faq"><span class="title-number">31.5 </span><span class="title-name">Frequently asked questions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nm-trouble"><span class="title-number">31.6 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nm-more"><span class="title-number">31.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-hardware"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Hardware configuration</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#sec-yast-hw-keym"><span class="title-number">32 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up your system keyboard layout</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#sec-yast-hw-sound"><span class="title-number">33 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up sound cards</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#sec-yast-hw-print"><span class="title-number">34 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a printer</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-hw-print-local"><span class="title-number">34.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring printers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-hw-print-network"><span class="title-number">34.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring printing via the network with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-hw-print-share"><span class="title-number">34.3 </span><span class="title-name">Sharing printers over the network</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#sec-yast-hw-scan"><span class="title-number">35 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a scanner</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-hw-scan-hp-allinone"><span class="title-number">35.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring an HP all-in-one device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-hw-scan-network-server"><span class="title-number">35.2 </span><span class="title-name">Sharing a scanner over the network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-hw-scan-network-client"><span class="title-number">35.3 </span><span class="title-name">Scanning over the network</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-power-mgmt"><span class="title-number">36 </span><span class="title-name">Power management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-power-mgmt-save"><span class="title-number">36.1 </span><span class="title-name">Power saving functions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-power-mgmt-acpi"><span class="title-number">36.2 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced configuration and power interface (ACPI)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-power-mgmt-silenthd"><span class="title-number">36.3 </span><span class="title-name">Rest for the hard disk</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-power-mgmt-faq"><span class="title-number">36.4 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-nvdimm"><span class="title-number">37 </span><span class="title-name">Persistent memory</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvdimm-intro"><span class="title-number">37.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvdimm-terms"><span class="title-number">37.2 </span><span class="title-name">Terms</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvdimm-uses"><span class="title-number">37.3 </span><span class="title-name">Use cases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvdimm-tools"><span class="title-number">37.4 </span><span class="title-name">Tools for managing persistent memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvdimm-setup"><span class="title-number">37.5 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up persistent memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvdimm-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">37.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-services"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Services</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-yast-serviceman"><span class="title-number">38 </span><span class="title-name">Service management with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-ntp"><span class="title-number">39 </span><span class="title-name">Time synchronization with NTP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ntp-yast"><span class="title-number">39.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring an NTP client with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-xntp-netconf"><span class="title-number">39.2 </span><span class="title-name">Manually configuring NTP in the network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#ntp-chronyc"><span class="title-number">39.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configure <code class="systemitem">chronyd</code> at runtime using <code class="command">chronyc</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-xntp-dynamic"><span class="title-number">39.4 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic time synchronization at runtime</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-xntp-normal"><span class="title-number">39.5 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a local reference clock</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-xntp-etr"><span class="title-number">39.6 </span><span class="title-name">Clock synchronization to an external time reference (ETR)</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-trouble"><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-adminhelp"><span class="title-number">40 </span><span class="title-name">Help and documentation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-help-onboard-docdir"><span class="title-number">40.1 </span><span class="title-name">Documentation directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-help-onboard-manpages"><span class="title-number">40.2 </span><span class="title-name">Man pages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-help-onboard-infopages"><span class="title-number">40.3 </span><span class="title-name">Info pages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-help-online"><span class="title-number">40.4 </span><span class="title-name">Online resources</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-adm-support"><span class="title-number">41 </span><span class="title-name">Gathering system information for support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-admsupport-hostinfo"><span class="title-number">41.1 </span><span class="title-name">Displaying current system information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-admsupport-supportconfig"><span class="title-number">41.2 </span><span class="title-name">Collecting system information with supportconfig</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-admsupport-submit"><span class="title-number">41.3 </span><span class="title-name">Submitting information to Global Technical Support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-admsupport-sca"><span class="title-number">41.4 </span><span class="title-name">Analyzing system information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-admsupport-install"><span class="title-number">41.5 </span><span class="title-name">Gathering information during the installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-admsupport-kernel"><span class="title-number">41.6 </span><span class="title-name">Support of kernel modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-admsupport-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">41.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-trouble"><span class="title-number">42 </span><span class="title-name">Common problems and their solutions</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-trouble-info"><span class="title-number">42.1 </span><span class="title-name">Finding and gathering information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-trouble-boot"><span class="title-number">42.2 </span><span class="title-name">Boot problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-trouble-login"><span class="title-number">42.3 </span><span class="title-name">Login problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-trouble-netconfig"><span class="title-number">42.4 </span><span class="title-name">Network problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-trouble-data"><span class="title-number">42.5 </span><span class="title-name">Data problems</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#app-nwscheme"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">An example network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#id-1.3.10"><span class="title-number">B </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.3.10.4"><span class="title-number">B.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-ncurses"><span class="number">4.1 </span><span class="name">Main window of YaST in text mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-ncurses-inst"><span class="number">4.2 </span><span class="name">The software installation module</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-y2-userman-main"><span class="number">6.1 </span><span class="name">YaST user and group administration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.8.9.4"><span class="number">7.1 </span><span class="name">YaST online update</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.8.11.3"><span class="number">7.2 </span><span class="name">Viewing retracted patches and history</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.8.12.6.2.2"><span class="number">7.3 </span><span class="name">YaST online update configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-y2-sw-packconfl"><span class="number">8.1 </span><span class="name">Conflict management of the software manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-y2-sw-repo-new"><span class="number">8.2 </span><span class="name">Adding a software repository</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.9.9.6"><span class="number">8.3 </span><span class="name">Update notification on GNOME desktop</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.9.10.6"><span class="number">8.4 </span><span class="name"><span class="guimenu">GNOME Software</span>—<span class="guimenu">Updates</span> view</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-snapper-snapshot-boot-identify"><span class="number">10.1 </span><span class="name">Boot loader: snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-vnc-viewer-connectgui"><span class="number">14.1 </span><span class="name">vncviewer</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.15.4.4.3"><span class="number">14.2 </span><span class="name">Remmina's main window</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.15.4.5.3"><span class="number">14.3 </span><span class="name">Remote desktop preference</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.15.4.6.3.3"><span class="number">14.4 </span><span class="name">Quick-starting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.15.4.6.5.3"><span class="number">14.5 </span><span class="name">Remmina viewing remote session</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.15.4.8.5"><span class="number">14.6 </span><span class="name">Reading path to the profile file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.15.5.4"><span class="number">14.7 </span><span class="name">Remote administration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.15.6.4.4.3"><span class="number">14.8 </span><span class="name">VNC session settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.15.6.4.5.3"><span class="number">14.9 </span><span class="name">Joining a persistent VNC session</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.4.3.8.7.3.3"><span class="number">17.1 </span><span class="name">Secure boot support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-uefi-secure-boot-mok2"><span class="number">17.2 </span><span class="name">UEFI: secure boot process</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-grub2-boot-editor"><span class="number">18.1 </span><span class="name">GRUB 2 boot editor</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-grub2-yast-boot-code-options0"><span class="number">18.2 </span><span class="name">Boot code options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-grub2-yast-bootloader-options"><span class="number">18.3 </span><span class="name">Boot loader options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-grub2-yast-kernel-parameters"><span class="number">18.4 </span><span class="name">Kernel parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-runlevel"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">Services Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-journalctl-yast"><span class="number">21.1 </span><span class="name">YaST systemd journal</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-net-basic-OSI"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Simplified layer model for TCP/IP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-net-basic-TCPPaket"><span class="number">23.2 </span><span class="name">TCP/IP Ethernet packet</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-neticard"><span class="number">23.3 </span><span class="name">Configuring network settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#wicked-architecture"><span class="number">23.4 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">wicked</code> architecture</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.5.7.5.4.3.3.1.2"><span class="number">25.1 </span><span class="name">Warning about a missing GNOME Shell extension</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.5.7.5.4.3.3.2.2"><span class="number">25.2 </span><span class="name">GNOME gTile extension activated</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.5.7.5.4.3.3.3.2"><span class="number">25.3 </span><span class="name">gTile tray icon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.5.9.6.3.2.2"><span class="number">27.1 </span><span class="name">The YaST software manager: multiversion view</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.5.13.8.6"><span class="number">31.1 </span><span class="name">GNOME Network Connections dialog</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.5.13.9.8.2"><span class="number">31.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">firewalld</code> zones in NetworkManager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast-serviceman"><span class="number">38.1 </span><span class="name">YaST service manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.7.3.7.4"><span class="number">39.1 </span><span class="name">NTP configuration window</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.7.3.7.7.4"><span class="number">39.2 </span><span class="name">Adding a time server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-scatool-html"><span class="number">41.1 </span><span class="name">HTML report generated by SCA tool</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-sca-appl-html"><span class="number">41.2 </span><span class="name">HTML report generated by SCA appliance</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-adm-shell-config-loginshells"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Bash configuration files for login shells</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-adm-shell-configs-nonloginshells"><span class="number">1.2 </span><span class="name">Bash configuration files for non-login shells</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.3.3.2.3.3.10"><span class="number">1.3 </span><span class="name">Special files for Bash</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.3.3.2.3.4.4"><span class="number">1.4 </span><span class="name">Overview of a standard directory tree</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-adm-envars"><span class="number">1.5 </span><span class="name">Useful environment variables</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-rpm-query"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Essential RPM query options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-rpm-verify"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name">RPM verify options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.3.4.5.6.6.9"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">Service management commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.3.4.5.6.7.3.4"><span class="number">19.2 </span><span class="name">Commands for enabling and disabling services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.3.4.5.7.3.9"><span class="number">19.3 </span><span class="name">System V runlevels and <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> target units</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-net-basic-privat-net"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Private IP address domains</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-net-param-hostconf"><span class="number">23.2 </span><span class="name">Parameters for /etc/host.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-net-nnswitch-db"><span class="number">23.3 </span><span class="name">Databases available via /etc/nsswitch.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-net-nnswitch-conf"><span class="number">23.4 </span><span class="name">Configuration options for NSS <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">databases</span>”</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-team-comparison"><span class="number">23.5 </span><span class="name">Feature comparison between bonding and team</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-x11-fontsys-example-alias"><span class="number">25.1 </span><span class="name">Generating PFL from fontconfig rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-x11-fontsys-example-alias2"><span class="number">25.2 </span><span class="name">Results from generating PFL from fontconfig rules with changed order</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-x11-fontsys-example-alias3"><span class="number">25.3 </span><span class="name">Results from generating PFL from fontconfig rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-suse-packages-ulimit"><span class="number">30.1 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">ulimit</code>: Setting resources for the user</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-help-mancategory"><span class="number">40.1 </span><span class="name">Man pages—categories and descriptions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-admsupport-features-and-filenames"><span class="number">41.1 </span><span class="name">Comparison of features and file names in the TAR archive</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-trouble-info"><span class="number">42.1 </span><span class="name">Log files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-trouble-system"><span class="number">42.2 </span><span class="name">System information with the <code class="filename">/proc</code> file system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-trouble-sysfs"><span class="number">42.3 </span><span class="name">System information with the <code class="filename">/sys</code> file system</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.3.2.4.3"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">A shell script printing a text</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-zypper-repos"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Zypper—list of known repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#aus-update-rpm-i"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">rpm -q -i wget</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-rpm-search"><span class="number">9.3 </span><span class="name">Script to search for packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-snapper-config-timeline"><span class="number">10.1 </span><span class="name">Example timeline configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.4.4.6.2.1.2.2"><span class="number">18.1 </span><span class="name">Usage of grub2-mkconfig</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.4.4.6.2.2.2.2"><span class="number">18.2 </span><span class="name">Usage of grub2-mkrescue</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.4.4.6.2.3.2.2"><span class="number">18.3 </span><span class="name">Usage of grub2-script-check</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.4.4.6.2.4.2.2"><span class="number">18.4 </span><span class="name">Usage of grub2-once</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.4.5.7.4.3.3"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">List active services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.4.5.7.4.3.5"><span class="number">19.2 </span><span class="name">List failed services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.4.5.10.8.5"><span class="number">19.3 </span><span class="name">List all processes belonging to a service</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.5.4.3.9"><span class="number">22.1 </span><span class="name">Alternatives System of the <code class="command">java</code> command</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#aus-net-basic-ipaddress"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Writing IP addresses</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#tab-net-basic-netmask"><span class="number">23.2 </span><span class="name">Linking IP addresses to the netmask</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#aus-net-ipv6-add"><span class="number">23.3 </span><span class="name">Sample IPv6 address</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#aus-net-ipv6-addpre"><span class="number">23.4 </span><span class="name">IPv6 address specifying the prefix length</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.5.5.18.5.10.9"><span class="number">23.5 </span><span class="name">Common network interfaces and some static routes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-net-etc-resolv-conf"><span class="number">23.6 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/var/run/netconfig/resolv.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-net-etc-hosts"><span class="number">23.7 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/etc/hosts</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-net-networks"><span class="number">23.8 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/etc/networks</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-net-etc-hostconf"><span class="number">23.9 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/etc/host.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-net-nsswitchconf"><span class="number">23.10 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/etc/nsswitch.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-basicnet-manconf-ping"><span class="number">23.11 </span><span class="name">Output of the command ping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-team-lb"><span class="number">23.12 </span><span class="name">Configuration for load balancing with Network Teaming</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-team-failover"><span class="number">23.13 </span><span class="name">Configuration for DHCP Network Teaming device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#aus-d-lpd"><span class="number">24.1 </span><span class="name">Error message from <code class="command">lpd</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#aus-d-bcast"><span class="number">24.2 </span><span class="name">Broadcast from the CUPS network server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-x11-fontsys-fontconfig-rendering-algorithms"><span class="number">25.1 </span><span class="name">Specifying rendering algorithms</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-x11-fontsys-fontconfig-aliases1"><span class="number">25.2 </span><span class="name">Aliases and family name substitutions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-x11-fontsys-fontconfig-aliases2"><span class="number">25.3 </span><span class="name">Aliases and family name substitutions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-x11-fontsys-fontconfig-aliases3"><span class="number">25.4 </span><span class="name">Aliases and family names substitutions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-rules"><span class="number">29.1 </span><span class="name">Example <code class="systemitem">udev</code> rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-suse-packages-cron"><span class="number">30.1 </span><span class="name">Entry in /etc/crontab</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-suse-packages-cron-time"><span class="number">30.2 </span><span class="name">/etc/crontab: remove time stamp files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-u-ulimit-bashrc"><span class="number">30.3 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">ulimit</code>: Settings in <code class="filename">~/.bashrc</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-support-hostinfo"><span class="number">41.1 </span><span class="name">Output of <code class="command">hostinfo</code> when logging in as <code class="systemitem">root</code></span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.3.1.5"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-administration/index.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-administration/index.html
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--- a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-administration/index.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-administration/index.html
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@
     This guide covers system administration tasks
      like maintaining, monitoring and customizing an initially installed
      system.
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-administration.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Administration Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-administration.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Administration Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="#preface-administration"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.3.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.3.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.3.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.3.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-administration"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Common tasks</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-adm-shell"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Bash and Bash scripts</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-whatistheshell"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">What is <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">the shell</span>”</span>?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-shellscripts"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Writing shell scripts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-shell-redirect"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Redirecting command events</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-alias"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using aliases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-variables"><span class="title-number">1.5 </span><span class="title-name">Using variables in Bash</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-shell-grouping"><span class="title-number">1.6 </span><span class="title-name">Grouping and combining commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-shell-commonconstructs"><span class="title-number">1.7 </span><span class="title-name">Working with common flow constructs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-shell-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">1.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-adm-sudo"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">sudo</code> basics</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-sudo-usage"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Basic <code class="command">sudo</code> usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sudo-conf"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring <code class="command">sudo</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sudo-usecases"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">sudo</code> use cases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-sudo-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-yast-gui"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Using YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast2-gui"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">YaST interface overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-gui-key-combination"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Useful key combinations</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-yast-text"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">YaST in text mode</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-cli-navigate"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Navigation in modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-cli-key-combination"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced key combinations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-cli-restricted-keys"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Restriction of key combinations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-cli-options"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">YaST command line options</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-yast-lang"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Changing language and country settings with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-langmod"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the system language</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-country"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the country and time settings</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-yast-userman"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing users with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-userman-main"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">User and group administration dialog</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-userman-users"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Managing user accounts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-userman-adv"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Additional options for user accounts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-userman-defaults"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">Changing default settings for local users</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-userman-assign"><span class="title-number">6.5 </span><span class="title-name">Assigning users to groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-userman-groups"><span class="title-number">6.6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-userman-authent"><span class="title-number">6.7 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the user authentication method</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-userman-defaultsystemusers"><span class="title-number">6.8 </span><span class="title-name">Default system users</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#default-system-groups"><span class="title-number">6.9 </span><span class="title-name">Default system groups</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-onlineupdate-you"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">YaST online update</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-onlineupdate-you-overview"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">The online update dialog</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-onlineupdate-you-install"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing patches</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-onlineupdate-retracted-patches"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing retracted patches</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-onlineupdate-you-automatically"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Automatic online update</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-yast-software"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Installing or removing software</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-onlineupdate-terms"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Definition of terms</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-software-register"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Registering an installed system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-software-qt"><span class="title-number">8.3 </span><span class="title-name">Using the YaST software manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-software-instsource"><span class="title-number">8.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing software repositories and services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-updater"><span class="title-number">8.5 </span><span class="title-name">The GNOME package updater</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-updater-gnomesw"><span class="title-number">8.6 </span><span class="title-name">Updating packages with <span class="guimenu">GNOME Software</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-sw-cl"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Managing software with command line tools</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-zypper"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using Zypper</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rpm"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">RPM—the package manager</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-snapper"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">System recovery and snapshot management with Snapper</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-snapper-setup"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">Default setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-snapper-undo"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using Snapper to undo changes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-snapper-snapshot-boot"><span class="title-number">10.3 </span><span class="title-name">System rollback by booting from snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-snapper-homedirs"><span class="title-number">10.4 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling Snapper in user home directories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-snapper-config"><span class="title-number">10.5 </span><span class="title-name">Creating and modifying Snapper configurations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-snapper-manage"><span class="title-number">10.6 </span><span class="title-name">Manually creating and managing snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-snapper-clean-up"><span class="title-number">10.7 </span><span class="title-name">Automatic snapshot clean-up</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.3.3.11.14"><span class="title-number">10.8 </span><span class="title-name">Showing exclusive disk space used by snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-snapper-faqs"><span class="title-number">10.9 </span><span class="title-name">Frequently asked questions</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-klp"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">Live kernel patching with KLP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-klp-advantages"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Advantages of Kernel Live Patching</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-klp-overview"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel Live Patching overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-klp-enable-with-yast2"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Activating Kernel Live Patching using YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-klp-enable-cli"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Activating Kernel Live Patching from the command line</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-klp-perform"><span class="title-number">11.5 </span><span class="title-name">Performing Kernel Live Patching</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-klp-troubleshoot"><span class="title-number">11.6 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting Kernel Live Patching issues</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-ulp"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">User space live patching</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ulp"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">About user space live patching</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ulp-info"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-transactional-updates"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Transactional updates</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tu-limitations"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Limitations of technology preview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-install-tu"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling <span class="package">transactional-update</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tu-disable"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">Managing automatic updates</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.3.3.14.6"><span class="title-number">13.4 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="command">transactional-update</code> command</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tu-troubleshooting"><span class="title-number">13.5 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-vnc"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">Remote graphical sessions with VNC</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-vnc-viewer"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="command">vncviewer</code> client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#vnc-remmina"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Remmina: the remote desktop client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-vnc-one-time"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring one-time sessions on the VNC server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-vnc-persistent"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring persistent VNC server sessions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-vnc-encrypt"><span class="title-number">14.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring encryption on the VNC server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-vnc-wayland"><span class="title-number">14.6 </span><span class="title-name">Compatibility with Wayland</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-net-rsync"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">File copying with RSync</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-rsync-overview"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-rsync-syntax"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Basic syntax</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-rsync-local-copy"><span class="title-number">15.3 </span><span class="title-name">Copying files and directories locally</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-rsync-remote-copy"><span class="title-number">15.4 </span><span class="title-name">Copying files and directories remotely</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-rsync-server"><span class="title-number">15.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring and using an rsync server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-rsync-summary"><span class="title-number">15.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-boot"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Booting a Linux system</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-boot"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to the boot process</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-terminology"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-proc"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">The Linux boot process</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-uefi"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface)</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-uefi-secboot"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name">Secure boot</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-uefi-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-grub2"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">The boot loader GRUB 2</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-grub2-new-features"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Main differences between GRUB legacy and GRUB 2</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-grub2-file-structure"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration file structure</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-grub2-yast2-config"><span class="title-number">18.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the boot loader with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-grub2-commands"><span class="title-number">18.4 </span><span class="title-name">Helpful GRUB 2 commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#grub-rescue-target"><span class="title-number">18.5 </span><span class="title-name">Rescue mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-grub2-info"><span class="title-number">18.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-systemd"><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> daemon</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-systemd-concept"><span class="title-number">19.1 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> concept</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-systemd-basics"><span class="title-number">19.2 </span><span class="title-name">Basic usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-systemd-boot"><span class="title-number">19.3 </span><span class="title-name">System start and target management</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-runlevel-edit"><span class="title-number">19.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing services with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-systemd-custom"><span class="title-number">19.5 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing <code class="systemitem">systemd</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-systemd-advanced"><span class="title-number">19.6 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-systemd-timer-units"><span class="title-number">19.7 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">systemd</code> timer units</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-systemd-info"><span class="title-number">19.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-system"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">System</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-64bit"><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">32-bit and 64-bit applications in a 64-bit system environment</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-64bit-runt"><span class="title-number">20.1 </span><span class="title-name">Runtime support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-64bit-kernel"><span class="title-number">20.2 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel specifications</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-journalctl"><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">journalctl</code>: query the <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> journal</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-journalctl-persistent"><span class="title-number">21.1 </span><span class="title-name">Making the journal persistent</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-journalctl-switches"><span class="title-number">21.2 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">journalctl</code>: useful switches</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-journalctl-filter"><span class="title-number">21.3 </span><span class="title-name">Filtering the journal output</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-journalctl-investigate"><span class="title-number">21.4 </span><span class="title-name">Investigating <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> errors</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-journalctl-config"><span class="title-number">21.5 </span><span class="title-name">Journald configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-journalctl-yast"><span class="title-number">21.6 </span><span class="title-name">Using YaST to filter the <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> journal</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-journalctl-gnome-logs"><span class="title-number">21.7 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing logs in GNOME</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-update-alternative"><span class="title-number">22 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">update-alternatives</code>: managing multiple versions of commands and files</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ua-concept"><span class="title-number">22.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ua-use-cases"><span class="title-number">22.2 </span><span class="title-name">Use cases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ua-view-all"><span class="title-number">22.3 </span><span class="title-name">Getting an overview of alternatives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ua-view"><span class="title-number">22.4 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing details on specific alternatives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ua-set"><span class="title-number">22.5 </span><span class="title-name">Setting the default version of alternatives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ua-install"><span class="title-number">22.6 </span><span class="title-name">Installing custom alternatives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ua-slave"><span class="title-number">22.7 </span><span class="title-name">Defining dependent alternatives</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-network"><span class="title-number">23 </span><span class="title-name">Basic networking</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-network-addresses"><span class="title-number">23.1 </span><span class="title-name">IP addresses and routing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-network-ipv6"><span class="title-number">23.2 </span><span class="title-name">IPv6—the next generation Internet</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-network-nameres"><span class="title-number">23.3 </span><span class="title-name">Name resolution</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-network-yast"><span class="title-number">23.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a network connection with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-network-nm"><span class="title-number">23.5 </span><span class="title-name">NetworkManager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-network-manconf"><span class="title-number">23.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a network connection manually</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-network-iface-bonding"><span class="title-number">23.7 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up bonding devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-network-iface-teaming"><span class="title-number">23.8 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up team devices for Network Teaming</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-print"><span class="title-number">24 </span><span class="title-name">Printer operation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-print-workflow"><span class="title-number">24.1 </span><span class="title-name">The CUPS workflow</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-print-method"><span class="title-number">24.2 </span><span class="title-name">Methods and protocols for connecting printers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-print-software"><span class="title-number">24.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing the software</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-print-net"><span class="title-number">24.4 </span><span class="title-name">Network printers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-print-net-config-cmdl"><span class="title-number">24.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring CUPS with command line tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-print-appl-commandline"><span class="title-number">24.6 </span><span class="title-name">Printing from the command line</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-print-special"><span class="title-number">24.7 </span><span class="title-name">Special features in <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-print-prob"><span class="title-number">24.8 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gui-desktop"><span class="title-number">25 </span><span class="title-name">Graphical user interface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gui-desktop-xorg"><span class="title-number">25.1 </span><span class="title-name">X Window System</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-x11-fontsys"><span class="title-number">25.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing and configuring fonts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gui-desktop-gnome"><span class="title-number">25.3 </span><span class="title-name">GNOME configuration for administrators</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gui-desktop-suse-prime"><span class="title-number">25.4 </span><span class="title-name">Switching between Intel and NVIDIA Optimus GPUs with SUSE Prime</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-fuse"><span class="title-number">26 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing file systems with FUSE</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fuse-config"><span class="title-number">26.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring FUSE</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fuse-ntfs"><span class="title-number">26.2 </span><span class="title-name">Mounting an NTFS partition</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fuse-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">26.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-multikernel"><span class="title-number">27 </span><span class="title-name">Installing multiple kernel versions</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-multikernel-enable"><span class="title-number">27.1 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling and configuring multiversion support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-multikernel-yast"><span class="title-number">27.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing/removing multiple kernel versions with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-multikernel-zypper"><span class="title-number">27.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing/removing multiple kernel versions with Zypper</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-mod"><span class="title-number">28 </span><span class="title-name">Managing kernel modules</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-mod-lsmod"><span class="title-number">28.1 </span><span class="title-name">Listing loaded modules with lsmod and modinfo</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-mod-modprobe"><span class="title-number">28.2 </span><span class="title-name">Adding and removing kernel modules</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-udev"><span class="title-number">29 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic kernel device management with <code class="systemitem">udev</code></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-devdir"><span class="title-number">29.1 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="filename">/dev</code> directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-kernel"><span class="title-number">29.2 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel <code class="systemitem">uevents</code> and <code class="systemitem">udev</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-drivers"><span class="title-number">29.3 </span><span class="title-name">Drivers, kernel modules and devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-boot"><span class="title-number">29.4 </span><span class="title-name">Booting and initial device setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-debug"><span class="title-number">29.5 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring the running <code class="systemitem">udev</code> daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-rules"><span class="title-number">29.6 </span><span class="title-name">Influencing kernel device event handling with <code class="systemitem">udev</code> rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-persdev"><span class="title-number">29.7 </span><span class="title-name">Persistent device naming</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-files"><span class="title-number">29.8 </span><span class="title-name">Files used by <code class="systemitem">udev</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">29.9 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-suse"><span class="title-number">30 </span><span class="title-name">Special system features</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-suse-packages"><span class="title-number">30.1 </span><span class="title-name">Information about special software packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-suse-virt-konsolen"><span class="title-number">30.2 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual consoles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-suse-kb"><span class="title-number">30.3 </span><span class="title-name">Keyboard mapping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-suse-l10n"><span class="title-number">30.4 </span><span class="title-name">Language and country-specific settings</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-nm"><span class="title-number">31 </span><span class="title-name">Using NetworkManager</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nm-usecase"><span class="title-number">31.1 </span><span class="title-name">Use cases for NetworkManager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nm-activate"><span class="title-number">31.2 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling or disabling NetworkManager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nm-configure"><span class="title-number">31.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring network connections</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nm-security"><span class="title-number">31.4 </span><span class="title-name">NetworkManager and security</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nm-faq"><span class="title-number">31.5 </span><span class="title-name">Frequently asked questions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nm-trouble"><span class="title-number">31.6 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nm-more"><span class="title-number">31.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-hardware"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Hardware configuration</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#sec-yast-hw-keym"><span class="title-number">32 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up your system keyboard layout</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#sec-yast-hw-sound"><span class="title-number">33 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up sound cards</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#sec-yast-hw-print"><span class="title-number">34 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a printer</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-hw-print-local"><span class="title-number">34.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring printers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-hw-print-network"><span class="title-number">34.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring printing via the network with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-hw-print-share"><span class="title-number">34.3 </span><span class="title-name">Sharing printers over the network</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#sec-yast-hw-scan"><span class="title-number">35 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a scanner</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-hw-scan-hp-allinone"><span class="title-number">35.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring an HP all-in-one device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-hw-scan-network-server"><span class="title-number">35.2 </span><span class="title-name">Sharing a scanner over the network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-hw-scan-network-client"><span class="title-number">35.3 </span><span class="title-name">Scanning over the network</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-power-mgmt"><span class="title-number">36 </span><span class="title-name">Power management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-power-mgmt-save"><span class="title-number">36.1 </span><span class="title-name">Power saving functions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-power-mgmt-acpi"><span class="title-number">36.2 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced configuration and power interface (ACPI)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-power-mgmt-silenthd"><span class="title-number">36.3 </span><span class="title-name">Rest for the hard disk</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-power-mgmt-faq"><span class="title-number">36.4 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-nvdimm"><span class="title-number">37 </span><span class="title-name">Persistent memory</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvdimm-intro"><span class="title-number">37.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvdimm-terms"><span class="title-number">37.2 </span><span class="title-name">Terms</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvdimm-uses"><span class="title-number">37.3 </span><span class="title-name">Use cases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvdimm-tools"><span class="title-number">37.4 </span><span class="title-name">Tools for managing persistent memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvdimm-setup"><span class="title-number">37.5 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up persistent memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvdimm-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">37.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-services"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Services</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-yast-serviceman"><span class="title-number">38 </span><span class="title-name">Service management with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-ntp"><span class="title-number">39 </span><span class="title-name">Time synchronization with NTP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ntp-yast"><span class="title-number">39.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring an NTP client with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-xntp-netconf"><span class="title-number">39.2 </span><span class="title-name">Manually configuring NTP in the network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#ntp-chronyc"><span class="title-number">39.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configure <code class="systemitem">chronyd</code> at runtime using <code class="command">chronyc</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-xntp-dynamic"><span class="title-number">39.4 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic time synchronization at runtime</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-xntp-normal"><span class="title-number">39.5 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a local reference clock</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-xntp-etr"><span class="title-number">39.6 </span><span class="title-name">Clock synchronization to an external time reference (ETR)</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-trouble"><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-adminhelp"><span class="title-number">40 </span><span class="title-name">Help and documentation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-help-onboard-docdir"><span class="title-number">40.1 </span><span class="title-name">Documentation directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-help-onboard-manpages"><span class="title-number">40.2 </span><span class="title-name">Man pages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-help-onboard-infopages"><span class="title-number">40.3 </span><span class="title-name">Info pages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-help-online"><span class="title-number">40.4 </span><span class="title-name">Online resources</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-adm-support"><span class="title-number">41 </span><span class="title-name">Gathering system information for support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-admsupport-hostinfo"><span class="title-number">41.1 </span><span class="title-name">Displaying current system information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-admsupport-supportconfig"><span class="title-number">41.2 </span><span class="title-name">Collecting system information with supportconfig</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-admsupport-submit"><span class="title-number">41.3 </span><span class="title-name">Submitting information to Global Technical Support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-admsupport-sca"><span class="title-number">41.4 </span><span class="title-name">Analyzing system information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-admsupport-install"><span class="title-number">41.5 </span><span class="title-name">Gathering information during the installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-admsupport-kernel"><span class="title-number">41.6 </span><span class="title-name">Support of kernel modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-admsupport-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">41.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-trouble"><span class="title-number">42 </span><span class="title-name">Common problems and their solutions</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-trouble-info"><span class="title-number">42.1 </span><span class="title-name">Finding and gathering information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-trouble-boot"><span class="title-number">42.2 </span><span class="title-name">Boot problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-trouble-login"><span class="title-number">42.3 </span><span class="title-name">Login problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-trouble-netconfig"><span class="title-number">42.4 </span><span class="title-name">Network problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-trouble-data"><span class="title-number">42.5 </span><span class="title-name">Data problems</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#app-nwscheme"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">An example network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#id-1.3.10"><span class="title-number">B </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.3.10.4"><span class="title-number">B.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-ncurses"><span class="number">4.1 </span><span class="name">Main window of YaST in text mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-ncurses-inst"><span class="number">4.2 </span><span class="name">The software installation module</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-y2-userman-main"><span class="number">6.1 </span><span class="name">YaST user and group administration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.8.9.4"><span class="number">7.1 </span><span class="name">YaST online update</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.8.11.3"><span class="number">7.2 </span><span class="name">Viewing retracted patches and history</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.8.12.6.2.2"><span class="number">7.3 </span><span class="name">YaST online update configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-y2-sw-packconfl"><span class="number">8.1 </span><span class="name">Conflict management of the software manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-y2-sw-repo-new"><span class="number">8.2 </span><span class="name">Adding a software repository</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.9.9.6"><span class="number">8.3 </span><span class="name">Update notification on GNOME desktop</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.9.10.6"><span class="number">8.4 </span><span class="name"><span class="guimenu">GNOME Software</span>—<span class="guimenu">Updates</span> view</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-snapper-snapshot-boot-identify"><span class="number">10.1 </span><span class="name">Boot loader: snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-vnc-viewer-connectgui"><span class="number">14.1 </span><span class="name">vncviewer</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.15.4.4.3"><span class="number">14.2 </span><span class="name">Remmina's main window</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.15.4.5.3"><span class="number">14.3 </span><span class="name">Remote desktop preference</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.15.4.6.3.3"><span class="number">14.4 </span><span class="name">Quick-starting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.15.4.6.5.3"><span class="number">14.5 </span><span class="name">Remmina viewing remote session</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.15.4.8.5"><span class="number">14.6 </span><span class="name">Reading path to the profile file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.15.5.4"><span class="number">14.7 </span><span class="name">Remote administration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.15.6.4.4.3"><span class="number">14.8 </span><span class="name">VNC session settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.15.6.4.5.3"><span class="number">14.9 </span><span class="name">Joining a persistent VNC session</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.4.3.8.7.3.3"><span class="number">17.1 </span><span class="name">Secure boot support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-uefi-secure-boot-mok2"><span class="number">17.2 </span><span class="name">UEFI: secure boot process</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-grub2-boot-editor"><span class="number">18.1 </span><span class="name">GRUB 2 boot editor</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-grub2-yast-boot-code-options0"><span class="number">18.2 </span><span class="name">Boot code options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-grub2-yast-bootloader-options"><span class="number">18.3 </span><span class="name">Boot loader options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-grub2-yast-kernel-parameters"><span class="number">18.4 </span><span class="name">Kernel parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-runlevel"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">Services Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-journalctl-yast"><span class="number">21.1 </span><span class="name">YaST systemd journal</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-net-basic-OSI"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Simplified layer model for TCP/IP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-net-basic-TCPPaket"><span class="number">23.2 </span><span class="name">TCP/IP Ethernet packet</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-neticard"><span class="number">23.3 </span><span class="name">Configuring network settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#wicked-architecture"><span class="number">23.4 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">wicked</code> architecture</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.5.7.5.4.3.3.1.2"><span class="number">25.1 </span><span class="name">Warning about a missing GNOME Shell extension</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.5.7.5.4.3.3.2.2"><span class="number">25.2 </span><span class="name">GNOME gTile extension activated</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.5.7.5.4.3.3.3.2"><span class="number">25.3 </span><span class="name">gTile tray icon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.5.9.6.3.2.2"><span class="number">27.1 </span><span class="name">The YaST software manager: multiversion view</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.5.13.8.6"><span class="number">31.1 </span><span class="name">GNOME Network Connections dialog</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.5.13.9.8.2"><span class="number">31.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">firewalld</code> zones in NetworkManager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast-serviceman"><span class="number">38.1 </span><span class="name">YaST service manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.7.3.7.4"><span class="number">39.1 </span><span class="name">NTP configuration window</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.7.3.7.7.4"><span class="number">39.2 </span><span class="name">Adding a time server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-scatool-html"><span class="number">41.1 </span><span class="name">HTML report generated by SCA tool</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-sca-appl-html"><span class="number">41.2 </span><span class="name">HTML report generated by SCA appliance</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-adm-shell-config-loginshells"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Bash configuration files for login shells</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-adm-shell-configs-nonloginshells"><span class="number">1.2 </span><span class="name">Bash configuration files for non-login shells</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.3.3.2.3.3.10"><span class="number">1.3 </span><span class="name">Special files for Bash</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.3.3.2.3.4.4"><span class="number">1.4 </span><span class="name">Overview of a standard directory tree</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-adm-envars"><span class="number">1.5 </span><span class="name">Useful environment variables</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-rpm-query"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Essential RPM query options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-rpm-verify"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name">RPM verify options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.3.4.5.6.6.9"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">Service management commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.3.4.5.6.7.3.4"><span class="number">19.2 </span><span class="name">Commands for enabling and disabling services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.3.4.5.7.3.9"><span class="number">19.3 </span><span class="name">System V runlevels and <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> target units</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-net-basic-privat-net"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Private IP address domains</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-net-param-hostconf"><span class="number">23.2 </span><span class="name">Parameters for /etc/host.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-net-nnswitch-db"><span class="number">23.3 </span><span class="name">Databases available via /etc/nsswitch.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-net-nnswitch-conf"><span class="number">23.4 </span><span class="name">Configuration options for NSS <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">databases</span>”</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-team-comparison"><span class="number">23.5 </span><span class="name">Feature comparison between bonding and team</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-x11-fontsys-example-alias"><span class="number">25.1 </span><span class="name">Generating PFL from fontconfig rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-x11-fontsys-example-alias2"><span class="number">25.2 </span><span class="name">Results from generating PFL from fontconfig rules with changed order</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-x11-fontsys-example-alias3"><span class="number">25.3 </span><span class="name">Results from generating PFL from fontconfig rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-suse-packages-ulimit"><span class="number">30.1 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">ulimit</code>: Setting resources for the user</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-help-mancategory"><span class="number">40.1 </span><span class="name">Man pages—categories and descriptions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-admsupport-features-and-filenames"><span class="number">41.1 </span><span class="name">Comparison of features and file names in the TAR archive</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-trouble-info"><span class="number">42.1 </span><span class="name">Log files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-trouble-system"><span class="number">42.2 </span><span class="name">System information with the <code class="filename">/proc</code> file system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-trouble-sysfs"><span class="number">42.3 </span><span class="name">System information with the <code class="filename">/sys</code> file system</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.3.2.4.3"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">A shell script printing a text</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-zypper-repos"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Zypper—list of known repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#aus-update-rpm-i"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">rpm -q -i wget</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-rpm-search"><span class="number">9.3 </span><span class="name">Script to search for packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-snapper-config-timeline"><span class="number">10.1 </span><span class="name">Example timeline configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.4.4.6.2.1.2.2"><span class="number">18.1 </span><span class="name">Usage of grub2-mkconfig</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.4.4.6.2.2.2.2"><span class="number">18.2 </span><span class="name">Usage of grub2-mkrescue</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.4.4.6.2.3.2.2"><span class="number">18.3 </span><span class="name">Usage of grub2-script-check</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.4.4.6.2.4.2.2"><span class="number">18.4 </span><span class="name">Usage of grub2-once</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.4.5.7.4.3.3"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">List active services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.4.5.7.4.3.5"><span class="number">19.2 </span><span class="name">List failed services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.4.5.10.8.5"><span class="number">19.3 </span><span class="name">List all processes belonging to a service</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.5.4.3.9"><span class="number">22.1 </span><span class="name">Alternatives System of the <code class="command">java</code> command</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#aus-net-basic-ipaddress"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Writing IP addresses</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#tab-net-basic-netmask"><span class="number">23.2 </span><span class="name">Linking IP addresses to the netmask</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#aus-net-ipv6-add"><span class="number">23.3 </span><span class="name">Sample IPv6 address</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#aus-net-ipv6-addpre"><span class="number">23.4 </span><span class="name">IPv6 address specifying the prefix length</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.5.5.18.5.10.9"><span class="number">23.5 </span><span class="name">Common network interfaces and some static routes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-net-etc-resolv-conf"><span class="number">23.6 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/var/run/netconfig/resolv.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-net-etc-hosts"><span class="number">23.7 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/etc/hosts</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-net-networks"><span class="number">23.8 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/etc/networks</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-net-etc-hostconf"><span class="number">23.9 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/etc/host.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-net-nsswitchconf"><span class="number">23.10 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/etc/nsswitch.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-basicnet-manconf-ping"><span class="number">23.11 </span><span class="name">Output of the command ping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-team-lb"><span class="number">23.12 </span><span class="name">Configuration for load balancing with Network Teaming</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-team-failover"><span class="number">23.13 </span><span class="name">Configuration for DHCP Network Teaming device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#aus-d-lpd"><span class="number">24.1 </span><span class="name">Error message from <code class="command">lpd</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#aus-d-bcast"><span class="number">24.2 </span><span class="name">Broadcast from the CUPS network server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-x11-fontsys-fontconfig-rendering-algorithms"><span class="number">25.1 </span><span class="name">Specifying rendering algorithms</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-x11-fontsys-fontconfig-aliases1"><span class="number">25.2 </span><span class="name">Aliases and family name substitutions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-x11-fontsys-fontconfig-aliases2"><span class="number">25.3 </span><span class="name">Aliases and family name substitutions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-x11-fontsys-fontconfig-aliases3"><span class="number">25.4 </span><span class="name">Aliases and family names substitutions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-rules"><span class="number">29.1 </span><span class="name">Example <code class="systemitem">udev</code> rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-suse-packages-cron"><span class="number">30.1 </span><span class="name">Entry in /etc/crontab</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-suse-packages-cron-time"><span class="number">30.2 </span><span class="name">/etc/crontab: remove time stamp files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-u-ulimit-bashrc"><span class="number">30.3 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">ulimit</code>: Settings in <code class="filename">~/.bashrc</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-support-hostinfo"><span class="number">41.1 </span><span class="name">Output of <code class="command">hostinfo</code> when logging in as <code class="systemitem">root</code></span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.3.1.5"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-deployment/book-deployment_draft.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-deployment/book-deployment_draft.html
index e1b87ddd7d..7a301eec8a 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-deployment/book-deployment_draft.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-deployment/book-deployment_draft.html
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@
     This guide details how to install single or multiple
      systems, and how to exploit the product-inherent capabilities for a deployment
      infrastructure.
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-deployment.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Deployment Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-deployment.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Deployment Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="#preface-deployment"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.4.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.4.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.4.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.4.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-prep"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Installation preparation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-sled-plan"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Planning for SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sled-plan-hw"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sled-plan-usage"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Reasons to use SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-x86"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation on AMD64 and Intel 64</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-x86-requirements"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-x86-prep-considerations"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation considerations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-x86-prep-installation-methods"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installation methods</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-x86-media"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Booting the system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-bootproblem"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Dealing with boot and installation problems</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-deployment"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Installation procedure</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-boot-parameters"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Boot parameters</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-parameters-default"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using the default boot parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-parameters-start-x86-64"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">PC (AMD64/Intel 64/AArch64)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-parameters-list"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">List of important boot parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-parameters-advanced"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced setups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-parameters-more-information"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-install"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Installation steps</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-install-overview"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-install-self-update"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installer self-update</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-install-welcome"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">
    <span class="phrase">Language, keyboard, and product selection</span>
    
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-deployment/index.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-deployment/index.html
index e1b87ddd7d..7a301eec8a 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-deployment/index.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-deployment/index.html
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@
     This guide details how to install single or multiple
      systems, and how to exploit the product-inherent capabilities for a deployment
      infrastructure.
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-deployment.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Deployment Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-deployment.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Deployment Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="#preface-deployment"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.4.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.4.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.4.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.4.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-prep"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Installation preparation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-sled-plan"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Planning for SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sled-plan-hw"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sled-plan-usage"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Reasons to use SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-x86"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation on AMD64 and Intel 64</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-x86-requirements"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-x86-prep-considerations"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation considerations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-x86-prep-installation-methods"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installation methods</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-x86-media"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Booting the system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-bootproblem"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Dealing with boot and installation problems</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-deployment"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Installation procedure</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-boot-parameters"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Boot parameters</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-parameters-default"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using the default boot parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-parameters-start-x86-64"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">PC (AMD64/Intel 64/AArch64)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-parameters-list"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">List of important boot parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-parameters-advanced"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced setups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-parameters-more-information"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-install"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Installation steps</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-install-overview"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-install-self-update"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installer self-update</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-install-welcome"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">
    <span class="phrase">Language, keyboard, and product selection</span>
    
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-gnome-user/book-gnome-user_draft.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-gnome-user/book-gnome-user_draft.html
index 6af3b54a36..b150f859af 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-gnome-user/book-gnome-user_draft.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-gnome-user/book-gnome-user_draft.html
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_gnome-user.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#book-gnome-user">GNOME User Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-gnome-user" data-id-title="GNOME User Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">GNOME User Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_gnome-user.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p>
     This guide introduces the GNOME desktop of <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span>.
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-gnome-user.html" target="_blank">Revision History: GNOME User Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-gnome-user.html" target="_blank">Revision History: GNOME User Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="#pre-gnome-about"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.6.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.6.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.6.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.6.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-gnome-desktop"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnomeuser-start"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Getting started with the GNOME desktop</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-login"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Logging in</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-desktop"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Desktop basics</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-start-logout"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Pausing or finishing your session</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnomeuser-use"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Working with your desktop</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-nautilus"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Managing files and directories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-media"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing removable media</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-search-files"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Searching for files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-cutnpaste"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Copying text between applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-connections"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Managing Internet connections</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-internet"><span class="title-number">2.6 </span><span class="title-name">Exploring the Internet</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-mail"><span class="title-number">2.7 </span><span class="title-name">E-mail and scheduling</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-oo"><span class="title-number">2.8 </span><span class="title-name">Opening or creating documents with LibreOffice</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-power-mgmt"><span class="title-number">2.9 </span><span class="title-name">Controlling your desktop’s power management</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-archives"><span class="title-number">2.10 </span><span class="title-name">Creating, displaying, and decompressing archives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-screnshots"><span class="title-number">2.11 </span><span class="title-name">Taking screenshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-pdfs"><span class="title-number">2.12 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing PDF files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-updates"><span class="title-number">2.13 </span><span class="title-name">Obtaining software updates</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-more"><span class="title-number">2.14 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnome-settings"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing your settings</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-look-deskback"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the desktop background</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-lang"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring language settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-keyboard"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the keyboard</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-xmodmap"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using <span class="productname">XCompose</span> to type special
         characters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-bluetooth"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring Bluetooth settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-power"><span class="title-number">3.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring power settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-mouse"><span class="title-number">3.7 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the mouse and touchpad</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-printer"><span class="title-number">3.8 </span><span class="title-name">Installing and configuring printers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-screen"><span class="title-number">3.9 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring screens</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-audio"><span class="title-number">3.10 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring sound settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-prefapps"><span class="title-number">3.11 </span><span class="title-name">Setting default applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-share"><span class="title-number">3.12 </span><span class="title-name">Setting session sharing preferences</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnome-accessibility"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Assistive technologies</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-general-accessibility-enable"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling assistive technologies</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-general-accessibility-visual"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Visual assistance</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-general-accessibility-hearing"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Hearing assistance</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-general-accessibility-mobility"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">Keyboard and mouse</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-general-accessibility-more"><span class="title-number">4.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-gnome-manage"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Connectivity, files and resources</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnome-network"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing network resources</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-start-network-connect"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Connecting to a network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-network-general"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">General notes on file sharing and network browsing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-network-accshare"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing network shares</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-network-smbshare"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Sharing directories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-network-ad-data"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">Managing Windows files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-network-ad-printer"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring and accessing a Windows network printer</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnome-print"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing printers</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-print-inst"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installing a printer</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.6.4.4.5"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying printer settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.6.4.4.6"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Canceling print jobs</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-userbackup"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Backing up user data</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-backup-config"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring backups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-backup-start"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating backups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-userbackup-restore"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Restoring data</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Passwords and Keys</span>: signing and encrypting data</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-crypto-sign-encrypt"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Signing and encryption</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto-gen-key"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Generating a new key pair</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto-modify-key"><span class="title-number">8.3 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying key properties</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto-import-key"><span class="title-number">8.4 </span><span class="title-name">Importing keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto-export-key"><span class="title-number">8.5 </span><span class="title-name">Exporting keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto-sign-key"><span class="title-number">8.6 </span><span class="title-name">Signing a key</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto-prefs-keyrings"><span class="title-number">8.7 </span><span class="title-name">Password keyrings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto-prefs-servers"><span class="title-number">8.8 </span><span class="title-name">Key servers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto-prefs-sharing"><span class="title-number">8.9 </span><span class="title-name">Key sharing</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-lo"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-lo-oview"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice: the office suite</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-oview-modules"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-oview-start"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Starting LibreOffice</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-interface"><span class="title-number">9.3 </span><span class="title-name">The LibreOffice user interface</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-oview-migration"><span class="title-number">9.4 </span><span class="title-name">Compatibility with other office applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-oview-passwd"><span class="title-number">9.5 </span><span class="title-name">Saving files with a password</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-oview-certstore"><span class="title-number">9.6 </span><span class="title-name">Signing documents</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-oview-cust"><span class="title-number">9.7 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing LibreOffice</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-oview-global"><span class="title-number">9.8 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the global settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-oview-templates"><span class="title-number">9.9 </span><span class="title-name">Using templates</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-overview-properties"><span class="title-number">9.10 </span><span class="title-name">Setting metadata and properties</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-oview-help"><span class="title-number">9.11 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-lo-writer"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Writer</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-writer-createnew"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a new document</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-writer-styles"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Formatting with styles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-writer-largedocs"><span class="title-number">10.3 </span><span class="title-name">Working with large documents</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-writer-html"><span class="title-number">10.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using Writer as an HTML editor</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-lo-calc"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Calc</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-calc-createnew"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a new document</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-calc-styles"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using formatting and styles in Calc</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-calc-sheets"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Working with sheets</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-calc-condformat"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Conditional formatting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-calc-grouping"><span class="title-number">11.5 </span><span class="title-name">Grouping and ungrouping cells</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-calc-freezing"><span class="title-number">11.6 </span><span class="title-name">Freezing rows or columns as headers</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-lo-various"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Impress, Base, Draw, and Math</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-various-impress"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using presentations with <span class="productname">Impress</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-various-base"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using databases with <span class="guimenu">Base</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-various-draw"><span class="title-number">12.3 </span><span class="title-name">Creating graphics with <span class="guimenu">Draw</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-various-math"><span class="title-number">12.4 </span><span class="title-name">Creating mathematical formulas with <span class="productname">Math</span>
   </span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-communication"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Internet and communication</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-firefox"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Firefox</span>: browsing the Web</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-start"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">Firefox</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-navigating"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Navigating Web sites</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-findinfo"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">Finding information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-bookmarks"><span class="title-number">13.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing bookmarks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-downloadmanager"><span class="title-number">13.5 </span><span class="title-name">Using the download manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-security"><span class="title-number">13.6 </span><span class="title-name">Security</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-customizing"><span class="title-number">13.7 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing <span class="productname">Firefox</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-printing"><span class="title-number">13.8 </span><span class="title-name">Printing from <span class="productname">Firefox</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">13.9 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnome-evolution"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Evolution</span>: e-mailing and calendaring</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-evolution-first-start"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">Evolution</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-evolution-first-start-setup-assistant"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setup assistant</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-evolution-usage"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Using <span class="productname">Evolution</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-evolution-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnome-pidgin"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Pidgin</span>: instant messaging</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-pidgin-start"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">Pidgin</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-pidgin-configure"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring accounts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-pidgin-buddy-list"><span class="title-number">15.3 </span><span class="title-name">Managing contacts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-pidgin-chat"><span class="title-number">15.4 </span><span class="title-name">Chatting with friends</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-pidgin-more"><span class="title-number">15.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-ekiga"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Ekiga</span>: using voice over IP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ekiga-start"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">Ekiga</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ekiga-configure"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring <span class="productname">Ekiga</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ekiga-ui"><span class="title-number">16.3 </span><span class="title-name">The <span class="productname">Ekiga</span> user interface</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ekiga-firstcall"><span class="title-number">16.4 </span><span class="title-name">Making a call</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ekiga-answer"><span class="title-number">16.5 </span><span class="title-name">Answering a call</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ekiga-calladd"><span class="title-number">16.6 </span><span class="title-name">Using the address book</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ekiga-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">16.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-graphics"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Graphics and multimedia</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gimp"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">GIMP</span>: manipulating graphics</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gimp-graphics"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name">Graphics formats</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gimp-starting"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">GIMP</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gimp-starting-defaultwin"><span class="title-number">17.3 </span><span class="title-name">User interface overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gimp-getstart"><span class="title-number">17.4 </span><span class="title-name">Getting started</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gimp-saving"><span class="title-number">17.5 </span><span class="title-name">Saving and exporting images</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gimp-basics"><span class="title-number">17.6 </span><span class="title-name">Editing images</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gimp-printing"><span class="title-number">17.7 </span><span class="title-name">Printing images</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gimp-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">17.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnome-totem"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">GNOME Videos</span></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-totem-using"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using <span class="guimenu">GNOME Videos</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-totem-prefs"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying <span class="guimenu">GNOME Videos</span> preferences</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#cha-userhelp"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">Help and documentation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-help-onboard-yelp"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using GNOME Help</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-help-furtherdoc"><span class="title-number">A.2 </span><span class="title-name">Additional help resources</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-help-more"><span class="title-number">A.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#id-1.6.9"><span class="title-number">B </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.6.9.4"><span class="title-number">B.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.6.3.3.5.4"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Default GNOME login screen</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.6.3.3.5.6.3.2.2"><span class="number">1.2 </span><span class="name">Default GNOME login screen—session type</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.6.3.3.6.4"><span class="number">1.3 </span><span class="name">GNOME desktop with activities overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.6.3.3.6.5.4.3"><span class="number">1.4 </span><span class="name"><span class="guimenu">Activities</span> overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.6.3.3.6.5.5.2"><span class="number">1.5 </span><span class="name"><span class="guimenu">Application</span> menu for
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-gnome-user/index.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-gnome-user/index.html
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@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_gnome-user.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#book-gnome-user">GNOME User Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-gnome-user" data-id-title="GNOME User Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">GNOME User Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_gnome-user.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p>
     This guide introduces the GNOME desktop of <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span>.
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-gnome-user.html" target="_blank">Revision History: GNOME User Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-gnome-user.html" target="_blank">Revision History: GNOME User Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="#pre-gnome-about"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.6.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.6.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.6.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.6.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-gnome-desktop"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnomeuser-start"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Getting started with the GNOME desktop</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-login"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Logging in</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-desktop"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Desktop basics</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-start-logout"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Pausing or finishing your session</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnomeuser-use"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Working with your desktop</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-nautilus"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Managing files and directories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-media"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing removable media</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-search-files"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Searching for files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-cutnpaste"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Copying text between applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-connections"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Managing Internet connections</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-internet"><span class="title-number">2.6 </span><span class="title-name">Exploring the Internet</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-mail"><span class="title-number">2.7 </span><span class="title-name">E-mail and scheduling</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-oo"><span class="title-number">2.8 </span><span class="title-name">Opening or creating documents with LibreOffice</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-power-mgmt"><span class="title-number">2.9 </span><span class="title-name">Controlling your desktop’s power management</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-archives"><span class="title-number">2.10 </span><span class="title-name">Creating, displaying, and decompressing archives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-screnshots"><span class="title-number">2.11 </span><span class="title-name">Taking screenshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-pdfs"><span class="title-number">2.12 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing PDF files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-updates"><span class="title-number">2.13 </span><span class="title-name">Obtaining software updates</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-more"><span class="title-number">2.14 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnome-settings"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing your settings</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-look-deskback"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the desktop background</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-lang"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring language settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-keyboard"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the keyboard</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-xmodmap"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using <span class="productname">XCompose</span> to type special
         characters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-bluetooth"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring Bluetooth settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-power"><span class="title-number">3.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring power settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-mouse"><span class="title-number">3.7 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the mouse and touchpad</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-printer"><span class="title-number">3.8 </span><span class="title-name">Installing and configuring printers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-screen"><span class="title-number">3.9 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring screens</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-audio"><span class="title-number">3.10 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring sound settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-prefapps"><span class="title-number">3.11 </span><span class="title-name">Setting default applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-share"><span class="title-number">3.12 </span><span class="title-name">Setting session sharing preferences</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnome-accessibility"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Assistive technologies</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-general-accessibility-enable"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling assistive technologies</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-general-accessibility-visual"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Visual assistance</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-general-accessibility-hearing"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Hearing assistance</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-general-accessibility-mobility"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">Keyboard and mouse</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-general-accessibility-more"><span class="title-number">4.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-gnome-manage"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Connectivity, files and resources</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnome-network"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing network resources</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-start-network-connect"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Connecting to a network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-network-general"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">General notes on file sharing and network browsing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-network-accshare"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing network shares</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-network-smbshare"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Sharing directories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-network-ad-data"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">Managing Windows files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-network-ad-printer"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring and accessing a Windows network printer</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnome-print"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing printers</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-print-inst"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installing a printer</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.6.4.4.5"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying printer settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.6.4.4.6"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Canceling print jobs</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-userbackup"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Backing up user data</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-backup-config"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring backups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-backup-start"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating backups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-userbackup-restore"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Restoring data</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Passwords and Keys</span>: signing and encrypting data</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-crypto-sign-encrypt"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Signing and encryption</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto-gen-key"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Generating a new key pair</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto-modify-key"><span class="title-number">8.3 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying key properties</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto-import-key"><span class="title-number">8.4 </span><span class="title-name">Importing keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto-export-key"><span class="title-number">8.5 </span><span class="title-name">Exporting keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto-sign-key"><span class="title-number">8.6 </span><span class="title-name">Signing a key</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto-prefs-keyrings"><span class="title-number">8.7 </span><span class="title-name">Password keyrings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto-prefs-servers"><span class="title-number">8.8 </span><span class="title-name">Key servers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto-prefs-sharing"><span class="title-number">8.9 </span><span class="title-name">Key sharing</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-lo"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-lo-oview"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice: the office suite</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-oview-modules"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-oview-start"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Starting LibreOffice</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-interface"><span class="title-number">9.3 </span><span class="title-name">The LibreOffice user interface</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-oview-migration"><span class="title-number">9.4 </span><span class="title-name">Compatibility with other office applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-oview-passwd"><span class="title-number">9.5 </span><span class="title-name">Saving files with a password</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-oview-certstore"><span class="title-number">9.6 </span><span class="title-name">Signing documents</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-oview-cust"><span class="title-number">9.7 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing LibreOffice</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-oview-global"><span class="title-number">9.8 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the global settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-oview-templates"><span class="title-number">9.9 </span><span class="title-name">Using templates</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-overview-properties"><span class="title-number">9.10 </span><span class="title-name">Setting metadata and properties</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-oview-help"><span class="title-number">9.11 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-lo-writer"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Writer</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-writer-createnew"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a new document</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-writer-styles"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Formatting with styles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-writer-largedocs"><span class="title-number">10.3 </span><span class="title-name">Working with large documents</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-writer-html"><span class="title-number">10.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using Writer as an HTML editor</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-lo-calc"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Calc</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-calc-createnew"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a new document</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-calc-styles"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using formatting and styles in Calc</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-calc-sheets"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Working with sheets</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-calc-condformat"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Conditional formatting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-calc-grouping"><span class="title-number">11.5 </span><span class="title-name">Grouping and ungrouping cells</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-calc-freezing"><span class="title-number">11.6 </span><span class="title-name">Freezing rows or columns as headers</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-lo-various"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Impress, Base, Draw, and Math</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-various-impress"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using presentations with <span class="productname">Impress</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-various-base"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using databases with <span class="guimenu">Base</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-various-draw"><span class="title-number">12.3 </span><span class="title-name">Creating graphics with <span class="guimenu">Draw</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-various-math"><span class="title-number">12.4 </span><span class="title-name">Creating mathematical formulas with <span class="productname">Math</span>
   </span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-communication"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Internet and communication</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-firefox"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Firefox</span>: browsing the Web</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-start"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">Firefox</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-navigating"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Navigating Web sites</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-findinfo"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">Finding information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-bookmarks"><span class="title-number">13.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing bookmarks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-downloadmanager"><span class="title-number">13.5 </span><span class="title-name">Using the download manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-security"><span class="title-number">13.6 </span><span class="title-name">Security</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-customizing"><span class="title-number">13.7 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing <span class="productname">Firefox</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-printing"><span class="title-number">13.8 </span><span class="title-name">Printing from <span class="productname">Firefox</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">13.9 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnome-evolution"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Evolution</span>: e-mailing and calendaring</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-evolution-first-start"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">Evolution</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-evolution-first-start-setup-assistant"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setup assistant</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-evolution-usage"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Using <span class="productname">Evolution</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-evolution-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnome-pidgin"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Pidgin</span>: instant messaging</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-pidgin-start"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">Pidgin</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-pidgin-configure"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring accounts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-pidgin-buddy-list"><span class="title-number">15.3 </span><span class="title-name">Managing contacts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-pidgin-chat"><span class="title-number">15.4 </span><span class="title-name">Chatting with friends</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-pidgin-more"><span class="title-number">15.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-ekiga"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Ekiga</span>: using voice over IP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ekiga-start"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">Ekiga</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ekiga-configure"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring <span class="productname">Ekiga</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ekiga-ui"><span class="title-number">16.3 </span><span class="title-name">The <span class="productname">Ekiga</span> user interface</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ekiga-firstcall"><span class="title-number">16.4 </span><span class="title-name">Making a call</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ekiga-answer"><span class="title-number">16.5 </span><span class="title-name">Answering a call</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ekiga-calladd"><span class="title-number">16.6 </span><span class="title-name">Using the address book</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ekiga-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">16.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-graphics"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Graphics and multimedia</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gimp"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">GIMP</span>: manipulating graphics</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gimp-graphics"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name">Graphics formats</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gimp-starting"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">GIMP</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gimp-starting-defaultwin"><span class="title-number">17.3 </span><span class="title-name">User interface overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gimp-getstart"><span class="title-number">17.4 </span><span class="title-name">Getting started</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gimp-saving"><span class="title-number">17.5 </span><span class="title-name">Saving and exporting images</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gimp-basics"><span class="title-number">17.6 </span><span class="title-name">Editing images</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gimp-printing"><span class="title-number">17.7 </span><span class="title-name">Printing images</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gimp-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">17.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnome-totem"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">GNOME Videos</span></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-totem-using"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using <span class="guimenu">GNOME Videos</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-totem-prefs"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying <span class="guimenu">GNOME Videos</span> preferences</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#cha-userhelp"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">Help and documentation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-help-onboard-yelp"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using GNOME Help</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-help-furtherdoc"><span class="title-number">A.2 </span><span class="title-name">Additional help resources</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-help-more"><span class="title-number">A.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#id-1.6.9"><span class="title-number">B </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.6.9.4"><span class="title-number">B.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.6.3.3.5.4"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Default GNOME login screen</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.6.3.3.5.6.3.2.2"><span class="number">1.2 </span><span class="name">Default GNOME login screen—session type</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.6.3.3.6.4"><span class="number">1.3 </span><span class="name">GNOME desktop with activities overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.6.3.3.6.5.4.3"><span class="number">1.4 </span><span class="name"><span class="guimenu">Activities</span> overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.6.3.3.6.5.5.2"><span class="number">1.5 </span><span class="name"><span class="guimenu">Application</span> menu for
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-installation/article-installation_draft.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-installation/article-installation_draft.html
index 85397dfe78..019d1d622a 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-installation/article-installation_draft.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-installation/article-installation_draft.html
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
 });
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_installation-sleds.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#article-installation">Installation Quick Start</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="article" id="article-installation" data-id-title="Installation Quick Start"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">Installation Quick Start <a title="Permalink" class="permalink" href="#article-installation">#</a></h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_installation-sleds.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>
-    January 06, 2025
+    January 07, 2025
 
    </div><div><div class="abstract"><p>
     This Quick Start guides you step by step
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-installation/index.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-installation/index.html
index 85397dfe78..019d1d622a 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-installation/index.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-installation/index.html
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
 });
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_installation-sleds.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#article-installation">Installation Quick Start</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="article" id="article-installation" data-id-title="Installation Quick Start"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">Installation Quick Start <a title="Permalink" class="permalink" href="#article-installation">#</a></h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_installation-sleds.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>
-    January 06, 2025
+    January 07, 2025
 
    </div><div><div class="abstract"><p>
     This Quick Start guides you step by step
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-modules/article-modules_draft.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-modules/article-modules_draft.html
index afaff0bac0..b8f838fece 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-modules/article-modules_draft.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-modules/article-modules_draft.html
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@
 });
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_modules.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#article-modules">Modules and Extensions Quick Start</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="article" id="article-modules" data-id-title="Modules and Extensions Quick Start"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div><h1 class="title">Modules and Extensions Quick Start</h1></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>
-    January 06, 2025
+    January 07, 2025
 
    </div><div><div class="abstract"><p>
         This Quick Start gives you an overview of the
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-modules/index.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-modules/index.html
index afaff0bac0..b8f838fece 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-modules/index.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-modules/index.html
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@
 });
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_modules.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#article-modules">Modules and Extensions Quick Start</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="article" id="article-modules" data-id-title="Modules and Extensions Quick Start"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div><h1 class="title">Modules and Extensions Quick Start</h1></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>
-    January 06, 2025
+    January 07, 2025
 
    </div><div><div class="abstract"><p>
         This Quick Start gives you an overview of the
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-security/book-security_draft.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-security/book-security_draft.html
index 0fe237d7bc..41fbed65c1 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-security/book-security_draft.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-security/book-security_draft.html
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_security.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#book-security">Security and Hardening Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-security" data-id-title="Security and Hardening Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">Security and Hardening Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_security.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p> This guide introduces basic concepts of system
      security and describes the usage of security software included with the product,
      such as <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span>, SELinux, or the auditing system. The guide also supports system
-     administrators in hardening an installation. </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-security.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Security and Hardening Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+     administrators in hardening an installation. </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-security.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Security and Hardening Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="#preface-security"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.7.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.7.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.7.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.7.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Security and confidentiality</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-overview"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-passwords"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Passwords</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-backups"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Backups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-integrity"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">System integrity</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-file-access"><span class="title-number">1.5 </span><span class="title-name">File access</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-network"><span class="title-number">1.6 </span><span class="title-name">Networking</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-vulnerabilities"><span class="title-number">1.7 </span><span class="title-name">Software vulnerabilities</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-malware"><span class="title-number">1.8 </span><span class="title-name">Malware</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-tips"><span class="title-number">1.9 </span><span class="title-name">Important security tips</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-general-report"><span class="title-number">1.10 </span><span class="title-name">Reporting security issues</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-auth"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Authentication</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-pam"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Authentication with PAM</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-pam-whatis"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">What is PAM?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-pam-struc-files"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Structure of a PAM configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-pam-struc-format"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">The PAM configuration of sshd</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-pam-struc-conf"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration of PAM modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-pam-pam-config"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring PAM using pam-config</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-pam-manual-config"><span class="title-number">2.6 </span><span class="title-name">Manually configuring PAM</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-pam-login"><span class="title-number">2.7 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring  U2F keys for local login</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-pam-info"><span class="title-number">2.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-nis"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Using NIS</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nis-server-sled"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring NIS servers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nis-client"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring NIS clients</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-auth"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up authentication clients using YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-auth-yast-client"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring an authentication client with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-auth-sssd"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">SSSD</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-ldap"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">LDAP with 389 Directory Server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-tree"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Structure of an LDAP directory tree</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-docker-container"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating and managing a Docker container for 389 Directory Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-server-install"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing 389 Directory Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-firewall"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Firewall configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-backup"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">Backing up and restoring 389 Directory Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-server-users"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing LDAP users and groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-modules"><span class="title-number">5.7 </span><span class="title-name">Managing plug-ins</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-server-sssd"><span class="title-number">5.8 </span><span class="title-name">Using SSSD to manage LDAP authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-migrate"><span class="title-number">5.9 </span><span class="title-name">Migrating to 389 Directory Server from OpenLDAP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-server-ca"><span class="title-number">5.10 </span><span class="title-name">Importing TLS server certificates and keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-replication"><span class="title-number">5.11 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up replication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-active-directory-sync"><span class="title-number">5.12 </span><span class="title-name">Synchronizing with Microsoft Active Directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-info"><span class="title-number">5.13 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-kerberos"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Network authentication with Kerberos</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-kerberos-overview"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-kerberos-terms"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Kerberos terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-kerberos-how"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">How Kerberos works</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-kerberos-users"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">User view of Kerberos</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-kerberos-nfs"><span class="title-number">6.5 </span><span class="title-name">Kerberos and NFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-kerberos-info"><span class="title-number">6.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-ad"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Active Directory support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ad-integrate"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Integrating Linux and Active Directory environments</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ad-background"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Background information for Linux Active Directory support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ad-config"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a Linux client for Active Directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ad-login"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Logging in to an Active Directory domain</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ad-passwd"><span class="title-number">7.5 </span><span class="title-name">Changing passwords</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-active-directory-certificate-auto-enrollment"><span class="title-number">7.6 </span><span class="title-name">Active Directory certificate auto-enrollment</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-freeradius"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a freeRADIUS server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-test-radiusd"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installation and testing on <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span></span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-local-security"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Local security</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-physical-security"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Physical security</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-physical-locks"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">System locks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-bios"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Locking down the BIOS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-bootloader"><span class="title-number">9.3 </span><span class="title-name">Security via the boot loaders</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-retiring"><span class="title-number">9.4 </span><span class="title-name">Retiring Linux servers with sensitive data</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-removable-media"><span class="title-number">9.5 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting access to removable media</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-USBGuard"><span class="title-number">9.6 </span><span class="title-name">System protection with enforced USB device authorization via <span class="emphasis"><em>USBGuard</em></span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#sec-sec-software-management"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Software management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-remove-packs"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">Removing unnecessary software packages (RPMs)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-patching"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Patching Linux systems</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#sec-sec-file-management"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">File management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-partitions"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Disk partitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-file-permissions"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying permissions of certain system files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-home-permissions"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Changing home directory permissions from 755 to 700</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-umask"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Default umask</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-s-bit"><span class="title-number">11.5 </span><span class="title-name">SUID/SGID files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-world-writable-files"><span class="title-number">11.6 </span><span class="title-name">World-writable files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-orphaned"><span class="title-number">11.7 </span><span class="title-name">Orphaned or unowned files</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-cryptofs"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Encrypting partitions and files</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-cryptofs-y2"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an encrypted file system with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-cryptofs-gpg"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">Encrypting files with GPG</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-cryptofs-rage"><span class="title-number">12.3 </span><span class="title-name">Encrypting files with Rage</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-configure-cryptctl"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Storage encryption for hosted applications with cryptctl</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-configure-cryptctl-server"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a <code class="command">cryptctl</code> server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-configure-cryptctl-client"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a <code class="command">cryptctl</code> client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-cryptctl-luks-fstab"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring /etc/fstab for LUKS volumes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-configure-cryptctl-status"><span class="title-number">13.4 </span><span class="title-name">Checking partition unlock status using server-side commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-configure-cryptctl-unlock"><span class="title-number">13.5 </span><span class="title-name">Unlocking encrypted partitions manually</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-configure-cryptctl-lock"><span class="title-number">13.6 </span><span class="title-name">Maintenance downtime procedure</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-configure-cryptctl-ha"><span class="title-number">13.7 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an HA environment for cryptctl-server service</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-configure-cryptctl-more"><span class="title-number">13.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#sec-sec-user-management"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">User management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-accounts"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">Various account checks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-pw-aging"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling password aging</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-pw-strength"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Stronger password enforcement</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-pam"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">Password and login management with PAM</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-restrict-root"><span class="title-number">14.5 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting <code class="systemitem">root</code> logins</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-restrict-sudo"><span class="title-number">14.6 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting <code class="command">sudo</code> users</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-inactivity-logout"><span class="title-number">14.7 </span><span class="title-name">Setting an inactivity timeout for interactive shell sessions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-dos"><span class="title-number">14.8 </span><span class="title-name">Preventing accidental denial of service</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-banners"><span class="title-number">14.9 </span><span class="title-name">Displaying login banners</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-misc-account-utils"><span class="title-number">14.10 </span><span class="title-name">Connection accounting utilities</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-sec-cron-at"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting <code class="systemitem">cron</code> and <code class="systemitem">at</code></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.7.5.8.2"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting the <code class="systemitem">cron</code> daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.7.5.8.3"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting the <code class="systemitem">at</code> scheduler</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-spectre"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Spectre/Meltdown checker</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-spectre-meltdown-options"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using <code class="command">spectre-meltdown-checker</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-spectre-meltdown-resources"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-yast-security"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring security settings with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-yast-security-overview"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Security overview</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-yast-security-predefined-configs"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Predefined security configurations</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-yast-security-password"><span class="title-number">17.3 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Password settings</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-yast-security-boot"><span class="title-number">17.4 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Boot settings</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-yast-security-login"><span class="title-number">17.5 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Login settings</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-yast-security-user"><span class="title-number">17.6 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">User addition</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-yast-security-misc"><span class="title-number">17.7 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Miscellaneous settings</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-polkit"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">The Polkit authentication framework</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-polkit-oview"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-polkit-types"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">Authorization types</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-polkit-query"><span class="title-number">18.3 </span><span class="title-name">Querying Privileges</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-polkit-change-modify-config"><span class="title-number">18.4 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying Polkit Configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-polkit-change-defaults"><span class="title-number">18.5 </span><span class="title-name">Restoring the SUSE default privileges</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-acls"><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">Access control lists in Linux</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-acls-traditional"><span class="title-number">19.1 </span><span class="title-name">Traditional file permissions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-acls-intro"><span class="title-number">19.2 </span><span class="title-name">Advantages of ACLs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-acls-defs"><span class="title-number">19.3 </span><span class="title-name">Definitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-acls-handle"><span class="title-number">19.4 </span><span class="title-name">Handling ACLs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-acls-future"><span class="title-number">19.5 </span><span class="title-name">ACL support in applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-acls-info"><span class="title-number">19.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-aide"><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">Intrusion detection with AIDE</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-aide-why"><span class="title-number">20.1 </span><span class="title-name">Why use AIDE?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-aide-setup"><span class="title-number">20.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an AIDE database</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-aide-check"><span class="title-number">20.3 </span><span class="title-name">Local AIDE checks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-aide-independent"><span class="title-number">20.4 </span><span class="title-name">System independent checking</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-aide-more"><span class="title-number">20.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-network-security"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Network security</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-xauth"><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name">X Window System and X authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-ssh"><span class="title-number">22 </span><span class="title-name">Securing network operations with OpenSSH</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-overview"><span class="title-number">22.1 </span><span class="title-name">OpenSSH overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-server-config"><span class="title-number">22.2 </span><span class="title-name">Server hardening</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-password-auth"><span class="title-number">22.3 </span><span class="title-name">Password authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-authentic-gen-key"><span class="title-number">22.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing user and host encryption keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-sshdserver-rotation"><span class="title-number">22.5 </span><span class="title-name">Rotating host keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-public-key-auth"><span class="title-number">22.6 </span><span class="title-name">Public key authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-passphrase-less-auth"><span class="title-number">22.7 </span><span class="title-name">Passphrase-less public key authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-certificate-auth"><span class="title-number">22.8 </span><span class="title-name">OpenSSH certificate authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-gnome-keyring"><span class="title-number">22.9 </span><span class="title-name">Automated public key logins with gnome-keyring</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-authentic-agent"><span class="title-number">22.10 </span><span class="title-name">Automated public key logins with ssh-agent</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-change-passphrase"><span class="title-number">22.11 </span><span class="title-name">Changing an SSH private key passphrase</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-get-key-fingerprint"><span class="title-number">22.12 </span><span class="title-name">Retrieving a key fingerprint</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-programm-x"><span class="title-number">22.13 </span><span class="title-name">Starting X11 applications on a remote host</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-programm-forwarding"><span class="title-number">22.14 </span><span class="title-name">Agent forwarding</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-copy"><span class="title-number">22.15 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">scp</code>—secure copy</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-sftp"><span class="title-number">22.16 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">sftp</code>—secure file transfer</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-port-forwarding"><span class="title-number">22.17 </span><span class="title-name">Port forwarding (SSH tunneling)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ssh-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">22.18 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ssh-fail2ban"><span class="title-number">22.19 </span><span class="title-name">Stopping SSH Brute Force Attacks with Fail2Ban</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-firewall"><span class="title-number">23 </span><span class="title-name">Masquerading and firewalls</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-firewall-iptables"><span class="title-number">23.1 </span><span class="title-name">Packet filtering with iptables</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-firewall-masq"><span class="title-number">23.2 </span><span class="title-name">Masquerading basics</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-firewall-fw"><span class="title-number">23.3 </span><span class="title-name">Firewalling basics</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-firewall-firewalld"><span class="title-number">23.4 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">firewalld</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-firewall-upgrade"><span class="title-number">23.5 </span><span class="title-name">Migrating from SuSEfirewall2</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-firewall-info"><span class="title-number">23.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-vpnserver"><span class="title-number">24 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a VPN server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-vpn-overview"><span class="title-number">24.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-vpn-simplest"><span class="title-number">24.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a simple test scenario</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-vpn-ca"><span class="title-number">24.3 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up your VPN server using a certificate authority</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-vpn-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">24.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-xca"><span class="title-number">25 </span><span class="title-name">Managing a PKI with XCA, X certificate and key manager</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-xca-install"><span class="title-number">25.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installing XCA</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-xca-start"><span class="title-number">25.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a new PKI</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-sec-sysctl"><span class="title-number">26 </span><span class="title-name">Improving network security with <code class="command">sysctl</code> variables</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-compliance"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Regulations and Compliance</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-common-criteria"><span class="title-number">27 </span><span class="title-name">Common Criteria</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-common-criteria-introduction"><span class="title-number">27.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-common-criteria-eal"><span class="title-number">27.2 </span><span class="title-name">Evaluation Assurance Level (EAL)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-common-criteria-principles"><span class="title-number">27.3 </span><span class="title-name">Generic guiding principles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-common-criteria-more"><span class="title-number">27.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-fips"><span class="title-number">28 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling compliance with FIPS 140-3</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fips-concept"><span class="title-number">28.1 </span><span class="title-name">FIPS overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fips-use-case"><span class="title-number">28.2 </span><span class="title-name">When to enable FIPS mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fips-samba-cifs"><span class="title-number">28.3 </span><span class="title-name">MD5 not supported in Samba/CIFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fips-more"><span class="title-number">28.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-apparmor"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Confining privileges with <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-intro"><span class="title-number">29 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.7.8.2.5"><span class="title-number">29.1 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> components</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-intro-background"><span class="title-number">29.2 </span><span class="title-name">Background information on <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profiling</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-start"><span class="title-number">30 </span><span class="title-name">Getting started</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-start-install"><span class="title-number">30.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installing <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-start-enable"><span class="title-number">30.2 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling and disabling <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-start-choose"><span class="title-number">30.3 </span><span class="title-name">Choosing applications to profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-start-build"><span class="title-number">30.4 </span><span class="title-name">Building and modifying profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-start-update"><span class="title-number">30.5 </span><span class="title-name">Updating your profiles</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-concept"><span class="title-number">31 </span><span class="title-name">Immunizing programs</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-concept-tools"><span class="title-number">31.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing the <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> framework</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-concept-determine"><span class="title-number">31.2 </span><span class="title-name">Determining programs to immunize</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-concept-cron"><span class="title-number">31.3 </span><span class="title-name">Immunizing <code class="systemitem">cron</code> jobs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-concept-network"><span class="title-number">31.4 </span><span class="title-name">Immunizing network applications</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-profiles"><span class="title-number">32 </span><span class="title-name">Profile components and syntax</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-parts"><span class="title-number">32.1 </span><span class="title-name">Breaking an <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile into its parts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-types"><span class="title-number">32.2 </span><span class="title-name">Profile types</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-includes"><span class="title-number">32.3 </span><span class="title-name">Include statements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-capabilities"><span class="title-number">32.4 </span><span class="title-name">Capability entries (POSIX.1e)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-nac"><span class="title-number">32.5 </span><span class="title-name">Network access control</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-glob"><span class="title-number">32.6 </span><span class="title-name">Profile names, flags, paths, and globbing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-perm"><span class="title-number">32.7 </span><span class="title-name">File permission access modes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-mount"><span class="title-number">32.8 </span><span class="title-name">Mount rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-pivot-root"><span class="title-number">32.9 </span><span class="title-name">Pivot root rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-ptrace"><span class="title-number">32.10 </span><span class="title-name">PTrace rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-signal"><span class="title-number">32.11 </span><span class="title-name">Signal rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-exec"><span class="title-number">32.12 </span><span class="title-name">Execute modes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-rlimit"><span class="title-number">32.13 </span><span class="title-name">Resource limit control</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-audit"><span class="title-number">32.14 </span><span class="title-name">Auditing rules</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-repos"><span class="title-number">33 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-yast"><span class="title-number">34 </span><span class="title-name">Building and managing profiles with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-yast-add"><span class="title-number">34.1 </span><span class="title-name">Manually adding a profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-yast-edit"><span class="title-number">34.2 </span><span class="title-name">Editing profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-yast-del"><span class="title-number">34.3 </span><span class="title-name">Deleting a profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-yast-manage"><span class="title-number">34.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-commandline"><span class="title-number">35 </span><span class="title-name">Building profiles from the command line</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-commandline-status"><span class="title-number">35.1 </span><span class="title-name">Checking the <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> status</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-commandline-build"><span class="title-number">35.2 </span><span class="title-name">Building <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-commandline-add"><span class="title-number">35.3 </span><span class="title-name">Adding or creating an <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-commandline-edit"><span class="title-number">35.4 </span><span class="title-name">Editing an <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-commandline-unload"><span class="title-number">35.5 </span><span class="title-name">Unloading unknown <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-commandline-del"><span class="title-number">35.6 </span><span class="title-name">Deleting an <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-commandline-profiling"><span class="title-number">35.7 </span><span class="title-name">Two methods of profiling</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-commandline-filenames"><span class="title-number">35.8 </span><span class="title-name">Important file names and directories</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-hat"><span class="title-number">36 </span><span class="title-name">Profiling your Web applications using ChangeHat</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-hat-config"><span class="title-number">36.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring Apache for <code class="systemitem">mod_apparmor</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-hat-apache-managing"><span class="title-number">36.2 </span><span class="title-name">Managing ChangeHat-aware applications</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-pam"><span class="title-number">37 </span><span class="title-name">Confining users with <code class="systemitem">pam_apparmor</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-managing"><span class="title-number">38 </span><span class="title-name">Managing profiled applications</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-managing-react"><span class="title-number">38.1 </span><span class="title-name">Reacting to security event rejections</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-managing-maintain"><span class="title-number">38.2 </span><span class="title-name">Maintaining your security profiles</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-support"><span class="title-number">39 </span><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-support-updating"><span class="title-number">39.1 </span><span class="title-name">Updating <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> online</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-support-man"><span class="title-number">39.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using the man pages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-support-info"><span class="title-number">39.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-support-trouble"><span class="title-number">39.4 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-support-bugs"><span class="title-number">39.5 </span><span class="title-name">Reporting bugs for <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-glossary"><span class="title-number">40 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> glossary</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-audit"><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">The Linux Audit Framework</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-audit-comp"><span class="title-number">41 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding Linux audit</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-bigpicture"><span class="title-number">41.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing the components of Linux audit</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-auditd"><span class="title-number">41.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the audit daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-auditctl"><span class="title-number">41.3 </span><span class="title-name">Controlling the audit system using <code class="command">auditctl</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-rules"><span class="title-number">41.4 </span><span class="title-name">Passing parameters to the audit system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-aureport"><span class="title-number">41.5 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding the audit logs and generating reports</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-ausearch"><span class="title-number">41.6 </span><span class="title-name">Querying the audit daemon logs with <code class="command">ausearch</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-autrace"><span class="title-number">41.7 </span><span class="title-name">Analyzing processes with <code class="command">autrace</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-auviz"><span class="title-number">41.8 </span><span class="title-name">Visualizing audit data</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-audisp"><span class="title-number">41.9 </span><span class="title-name">Relaying audit event notifications</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-audit-setup"><span class="title-number">42 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up the Linux audit framework</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-choose"><span class="title-number">42.1 </span><span class="title-name">Determining the components to audit</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-config"><span class="title-number">42.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the audit daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-syscall"><span class="title-number">42.3 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling audit for system calls</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-aurules"><span class="title-number">42.4 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up audit rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-aurepo"><span class="title-number">42.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring audit reports</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-viz"><span class="title-number">42.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring log visualization</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-audit-scenarios"><span class="title-number">43 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing an audit rule set</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-scenbasic"><span class="title-number">43.1 </span><span class="title-name">Adding basic audit configuration parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-scenauconf"><span class="title-number">43.2 </span><span class="title-name">Adding watches on audit log files and configuration files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-scenfs"><span class="title-number">43.3 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring file system objects</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-scensecurity"><span class="title-number">43.4 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring security configuration files and databases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-scenmisc"><span class="title-number">43.5 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring miscellaneous system calls</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-scenipc"><span class="title-number">43.6 </span><span class="title-name">Filtering system call arguments</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-scenkeys"><span class="title-number">43.7 </span><span class="title-name">Managing audit event records using keys</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-audit-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">44 </span><span class="title-name">Useful resources</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#id-1.7.10"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.7.10.4"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-inst-nisclient"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">Setting domain and address of a NIS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-ldap-tree"><span class="number">5.1 </span><span class="name">Structure of an LDAP directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-ad-schema"><span class="number">7.1 </span><span class="name">Schema of Winbind-based Active Directory authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-security-logonmanagement"><span class="number">7.2 </span><span class="name">Main window of <span class="guimenu">User logon management</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-security-logonmanagement-enroll"><span class="number">7.3 </span><span class="name">Enrolling into a domain</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-security-logonmanagement-configure"><span class="number">7.4 </span><span class="name">Configuration window of <span class="guimenu">User logon management</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-ad-smbclient"><span class="number">7.5 </span><span class="name">Determining Windows domain membership</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-ad-join1"><span class="number">7.6 </span><span class="name">Providing administrator credentials</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-cryptctl-retrieve"><span class="number">13.1 </span><span class="name">Key retrieval with <code class="command">cryptctl</code> (model without connection to KMIP server)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-spectre-meltdown-output"><span class="number">16.1 </span><span class="name">Output from spectre-meltdown-checker</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast-security-overview"><span class="number">17.1 </span><span class="name">YaST security center and hardening: security overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-acls-map-mini"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">Minimum ACL: ACL entries compared to permission bits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-acls-map-ext"><span class="number">19.2 </span><span class="name">Extended ACL: ACL entries compared to permission bits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-fail2ban-jail-local"><span class="number">22.1 </span><span class="name"><span class="emphasis"><em>jail.local </em></span>file settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-fire-table"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">iptables: a packet's possible paths</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-vpn-scenario-routed-1"><span class="number">24.1 </span><span class="name">Routed VPN</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-vpn-scenario-briged-1"><span class="number">24.2 </span><span class="name">Bridged VPN - scenario 1</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-vpn-scenario-briged-2"><span class="number">24.3 </span><span class="name">Bridged VPN - scenario 2</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-vpn-scenario-briged-3"><span class="number">24.4 </span><span class="name">Bridged VPN - scenario 3</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-xca-newdb"><span class="number">25.1 </span><span class="name">Create a new XCA database</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.7.8.8.11.9.15.6"><span class="number">35.1 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">aa-notify Message in GNOME</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.7.8.9.20.3.5.5.2"><span class="number">36.1 </span><span class="name">Adminer login page</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-audit-components"><span class="number">41.1 </span><span class="name">Introducing the components of Linux audit</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-audit-mkgraph"><span class="number">41.2 </span><span class="name">Flow graph—program versus system call relationship</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-audit-mkbar"><span class="number">41.3 </span><span class="name">Bar chart—common event types</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-ldap-schema"><span class="number">5.1 </span><span class="name">Commonly used object classes and attributes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-parameters"><span class="number">13.1 </span><span class="name">List of all parameters to define the resource group with the cryptctl crm script.</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.7.5.7.6.7.4"><span class="number">14.1 </span><span class="name">Sample rules/constraints for password enforcement</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-entrytype"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">ACL entry types</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-mask"><span class="number">19.2 </span><span class="name">Masking access permissions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-aide-options"><span class="number">20.1 </span><span class="name">Important AIDE check boxes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-security-firewall-sysconfigports"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Important sysconfig variables for static port configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.7.8.12.5.3"><span class="number">39.1 </span><span class="name">Man pages: sections and categories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-audit-auditctl"><span class="number">41.1 </span><span class="name">Audit status flags</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-pam-sshd"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">PAM configuration for sshd (<code class="filename">/etc/pam.d/sshd</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-pam-common-auth"><span class="number">2.2 </span><span class="name">Default configuration for the <code class="literal">auth</code> section (<code class="filename">common-auth</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-pam-common-account"><span class="number">2.3 </span><span class="name">Default configuration for the <code class="literal">account</code> section (<code class="filename">common-account</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-pam-common-password"><span class="number">2.4 </span><span class="name">Default configuration for the <code class="literal">password</code> section (<code class="filename">common-password</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-pam-common-session"><span class="number">2.5 </span><span class="name">Default configuration for the <code class="literal">session</code> section (<code class="filename">common-session</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-pam-pamenv"><span class="number">2.6 </span><span class="name">pam_env.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#aus-ldap-schema-help"><span class="number">5.1 </span><span class="name">Excerpt from CN=schema</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ldap-389-ds-inf"><span class="number">5.2 </span><span class="name">Minimal 389 Directory Server instance configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-security-ldap-server-credentials-local"><span class="number">5.3 </span><span class="name">A <code class="filename">.dsrc</code> file for local administration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ldap-replication-two-replicas"><span class="number">5.4 </span><span class="name">Two supplier replicas</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ldap-replication-four-replicas"><span class="number">5.5 </span><span class="name">Four supplier replicas</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ldap-replication-six-replicas"><span class="number">5.6 </span><span class="name">Six replicas</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ldap-replication-six-replicas-read-only"><span class="number">5.7 </span><span class="name">Six replicas with read-only consumers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#usbguard-config-file-ipcaccess"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-sshd-conf"><span class="number">22.1 </span><span class="name">Example sshd_config</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-security-firewall-nfscallback"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Callback port configuration for the <code class="literal">nfs</code> kernel module in <code class="filename">/etc/modprobe.d/60-nfs.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-security-firewall-newrpcservice"><span class="number">23.2 </span><span class="name">Commands to define a new <code class="systemitem">firewalld</code> RPC service for NFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-vpn-serv-config"><span class="number">24.1 </span><span class="name">VPN server configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.6.6.5.7.3"><span class="number">24.2 </span><span class="name">VPN client configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-unconfined"><span class="number">30.1 </span><span class="name">Output of <code class="command">aa-unconfined</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-apparmor-commandline-profiling-summary-genprof-learn"><span class="number">35.1 </span><span class="name">Learning mode exception: controlling access to specific resources</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-apparmor-commandline-profiling-summary-genprof-perms"><span class="number">35.2 </span><span class="name">Learning mode exception: defining permissions for an entry</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.9.3.8.3"><span class="number">41.1 </span><span class="name">Default /etc/audit/auditd.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-auditctl-status"><span class="number">41.2 </span><span class="name">Example output of <code class="command">auditctl</code> <code class="option">-s</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-audit-rules-sysparam"><span class="number">41.3 </span><span class="name">Example audit rules—audit system parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-audit-rules-fs"><span class="number">41.4 </span><span class="name">Example audit rules—file system auditing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-audit-rules-syscall"><span class="number">41.5 </span><span class="name">Example audit rules—system call auditing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-audit-ruledel"><span class="number">41.6 </span><span class="name">Deleting audit rules and events</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.9.3.10.16"><span class="number">41.7 </span><span class="name">Listing rules with <code class="command">auditctl</code> <code class="option">-l</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-audit-aureport-logtrail"><span class="number">41.8 </span><span class="name">A simple audit event—viewing the audit log</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-audit-aureport-sshd"><span class="number">41.9 </span><span class="name">An advanced audit event—login via SSH</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.9.3.15.5"><span class="number">41.10 </span><span class="name">Example /etc/audit/auditd.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.9.3.15.8"><span class="number">41.11 </span><span class="name">Example /etc/audit/plugins.d/syslog.conf</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.7.1.5"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-security/index.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-security/index.html
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 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_security.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#book-security">Security and Hardening Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-security" data-id-title="Security and Hardening Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">Security and Hardening Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_security.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p> This guide introduces basic concepts of system
      security and describes the usage of security software included with the product,
      such as <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span>, SELinux, or the auditing system. The guide also supports system
-     administrators in hardening an installation. </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-security.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Security and Hardening Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+     administrators in hardening an installation. </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-security.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Security and Hardening Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="#preface-security"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.7.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.7.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.7.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.7.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Security and confidentiality</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-overview"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-passwords"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Passwords</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-backups"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Backups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-integrity"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">System integrity</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-file-access"><span class="title-number">1.5 </span><span class="title-name">File access</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-network"><span class="title-number">1.6 </span><span class="title-name">Networking</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-vulnerabilities"><span class="title-number">1.7 </span><span class="title-name">Software vulnerabilities</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-malware"><span class="title-number">1.8 </span><span class="title-name">Malware</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-tips"><span class="title-number">1.9 </span><span class="title-name">Important security tips</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-general-report"><span class="title-number">1.10 </span><span class="title-name">Reporting security issues</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-auth"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Authentication</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-pam"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Authentication with PAM</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-pam-whatis"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">What is PAM?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-pam-struc-files"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Structure of a PAM configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-pam-struc-format"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">The PAM configuration of sshd</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-pam-struc-conf"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration of PAM modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-pam-pam-config"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring PAM using pam-config</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-pam-manual-config"><span class="title-number">2.6 </span><span class="title-name">Manually configuring PAM</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-pam-login"><span class="title-number">2.7 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring  U2F keys for local login</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-pam-info"><span class="title-number">2.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-nis"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Using NIS</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nis-server-sled"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring NIS servers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nis-client"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring NIS clients</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-auth"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up authentication clients using YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-auth-yast-client"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring an authentication client with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-auth-sssd"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">SSSD</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-ldap"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">LDAP with 389 Directory Server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-tree"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Structure of an LDAP directory tree</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-docker-container"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating and managing a Docker container for 389 Directory Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-server-install"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing 389 Directory Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-firewall"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Firewall configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-backup"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">Backing up and restoring 389 Directory Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-server-users"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing LDAP users and groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-modules"><span class="title-number">5.7 </span><span class="title-name">Managing plug-ins</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-server-sssd"><span class="title-number">5.8 </span><span class="title-name">Using SSSD to manage LDAP authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-migrate"><span class="title-number">5.9 </span><span class="title-name">Migrating to 389 Directory Server from OpenLDAP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-server-ca"><span class="title-number">5.10 </span><span class="title-name">Importing TLS server certificates and keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-replication"><span class="title-number">5.11 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up replication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-active-directory-sync"><span class="title-number">5.12 </span><span class="title-name">Synchronizing with Microsoft Active Directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-info"><span class="title-number">5.13 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-kerberos"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Network authentication with Kerberos</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-kerberos-overview"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-kerberos-terms"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Kerberos terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-kerberos-how"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">How Kerberos works</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-kerberos-users"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">User view of Kerberos</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-kerberos-nfs"><span class="title-number">6.5 </span><span class="title-name">Kerberos and NFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-kerberos-info"><span class="title-number">6.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-ad"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Active Directory support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ad-integrate"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Integrating Linux and Active Directory environments</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ad-background"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Background information for Linux Active Directory support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ad-config"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a Linux client for Active Directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ad-login"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Logging in to an Active Directory domain</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ad-passwd"><span class="title-number">7.5 </span><span class="title-name">Changing passwords</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-active-directory-certificate-auto-enrollment"><span class="title-number">7.6 </span><span class="title-name">Active Directory certificate auto-enrollment</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-freeradius"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a freeRADIUS server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-test-radiusd"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installation and testing on <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span></span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-local-security"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Local security</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-physical-security"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Physical security</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-physical-locks"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">System locks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-bios"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Locking down the BIOS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-bootloader"><span class="title-number">9.3 </span><span class="title-name">Security via the boot loaders</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-retiring"><span class="title-number">9.4 </span><span class="title-name">Retiring Linux servers with sensitive data</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-removable-media"><span class="title-number">9.5 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting access to removable media</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-USBGuard"><span class="title-number">9.6 </span><span class="title-name">System protection with enforced USB device authorization via <span class="emphasis"><em>USBGuard</em></span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#sec-sec-software-management"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Software management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-remove-packs"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">Removing unnecessary software packages (RPMs)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-patching"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Patching Linux systems</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#sec-sec-file-management"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">File management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-partitions"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Disk partitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-file-permissions"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying permissions of certain system files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-home-permissions"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Changing home directory permissions from 755 to 700</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-umask"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Default umask</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-s-bit"><span class="title-number">11.5 </span><span class="title-name">SUID/SGID files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-world-writable-files"><span class="title-number">11.6 </span><span class="title-name">World-writable files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-orphaned"><span class="title-number">11.7 </span><span class="title-name">Orphaned or unowned files</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-cryptofs"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Encrypting partitions and files</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-cryptofs-y2"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an encrypted file system with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-cryptofs-gpg"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">Encrypting files with GPG</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-cryptofs-rage"><span class="title-number">12.3 </span><span class="title-name">Encrypting files with Rage</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-configure-cryptctl"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Storage encryption for hosted applications with cryptctl</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-configure-cryptctl-server"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a <code class="command">cryptctl</code> server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-configure-cryptctl-client"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a <code class="command">cryptctl</code> client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-cryptctl-luks-fstab"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring /etc/fstab for LUKS volumes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-configure-cryptctl-status"><span class="title-number">13.4 </span><span class="title-name">Checking partition unlock status using server-side commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-configure-cryptctl-unlock"><span class="title-number">13.5 </span><span class="title-name">Unlocking encrypted partitions manually</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-configure-cryptctl-lock"><span class="title-number">13.6 </span><span class="title-name">Maintenance downtime procedure</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-configure-cryptctl-ha"><span class="title-number">13.7 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an HA environment for cryptctl-server service</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-configure-cryptctl-more"><span class="title-number">13.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#sec-sec-user-management"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">User management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-accounts"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">Various account checks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-pw-aging"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling password aging</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-pw-strength"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Stronger password enforcement</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-pam"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">Password and login management with PAM</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-restrict-root"><span class="title-number">14.5 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting <code class="systemitem">root</code> logins</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-restrict-sudo"><span class="title-number">14.6 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting <code class="command">sudo</code> users</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-inactivity-logout"><span class="title-number">14.7 </span><span class="title-name">Setting an inactivity timeout for interactive shell sessions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-dos"><span class="title-number">14.8 </span><span class="title-name">Preventing accidental denial of service</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-banners"><span class="title-number">14.9 </span><span class="title-name">Displaying login banners</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-misc-account-utils"><span class="title-number">14.10 </span><span class="title-name">Connection accounting utilities</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-sec-cron-at"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting <code class="systemitem">cron</code> and <code class="systemitem">at</code></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.7.5.8.2"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting the <code class="systemitem">cron</code> daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.7.5.8.3"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting the <code class="systemitem">at</code> scheduler</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-spectre"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Spectre/Meltdown checker</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-spectre-meltdown-options"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using <code class="command">spectre-meltdown-checker</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-spectre-meltdown-resources"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-yast-security"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring security settings with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-yast-security-overview"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Security overview</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-yast-security-predefined-configs"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Predefined security configurations</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-yast-security-password"><span class="title-number">17.3 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Password settings</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-yast-security-boot"><span class="title-number">17.4 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Boot settings</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-yast-security-login"><span class="title-number">17.5 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Login settings</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-yast-security-user"><span class="title-number">17.6 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">User addition</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-yast-security-misc"><span class="title-number">17.7 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Miscellaneous settings</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-polkit"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">The Polkit authentication framework</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-polkit-oview"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-polkit-types"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">Authorization types</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-polkit-query"><span class="title-number">18.3 </span><span class="title-name">Querying Privileges</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-polkit-change-modify-config"><span class="title-number">18.4 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying Polkit Configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-polkit-change-defaults"><span class="title-number">18.5 </span><span class="title-name">Restoring the SUSE default privileges</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-acls"><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">Access control lists in Linux</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-acls-traditional"><span class="title-number">19.1 </span><span class="title-name">Traditional file permissions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-acls-intro"><span class="title-number">19.2 </span><span class="title-name">Advantages of ACLs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-acls-defs"><span class="title-number">19.3 </span><span class="title-name">Definitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-acls-handle"><span class="title-number">19.4 </span><span class="title-name">Handling ACLs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-acls-future"><span class="title-number">19.5 </span><span class="title-name">ACL support in applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-acls-info"><span class="title-number">19.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-aide"><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">Intrusion detection with AIDE</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-aide-why"><span class="title-number">20.1 </span><span class="title-name">Why use AIDE?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-aide-setup"><span class="title-number">20.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an AIDE database</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-aide-check"><span class="title-number">20.3 </span><span class="title-name">Local AIDE checks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-aide-independent"><span class="title-number">20.4 </span><span class="title-name">System independent checking</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-aide-more"><span class="title-number">20.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-network-security"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Network security</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-xauth"><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name">X Window System and X authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-ssh"><span class="title-number">22 </span><span class="title-name">Securing network operations with OpenSSH</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-overview"><span class="title-number">22.1 </span><span class="title-name">OpenSSH overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-server-config"><span class="title-number">22.2 </span><span class="title-name">Server hardening</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-password-auth"><span class="title-number">22.3 </span><span class="title-name">Password authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-authentic-gen-key"><span class="title-number">22.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing user and host encryption keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-sshdserver-rotation"><span class="title-number">22.5 </span><span class="title-name">Rotating host keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-public-key-auth"><span class="title-number">22.6 </span><span class="title-name">Public key authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-passphrase-less-auth"><span class="title-number">22.7 </span><span class="title-name">Passphrase-less public key authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-certificate-auth"><span class="title-number">22.8 </span><span class="title-name">OpenSSH certificate authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-gnome-keyring"><span class="title-number">22.9 </span><span class="title-name">Automated public key logins with gnome-keyring</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-authentic-agent"><span class="title-number">22.10 </span><span class="title-name">Automated public key logins with ssh-agent</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-change-passphrase"><span class="title-number">22.11 </span><span class="title-name">Changing an SSH private key passphrase</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-get-key-fingerprint"><span class="title-number">22.12 </span><span class="title-name">Retrieving a key fingerprint</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-programm-x"><span class="title-number">22.13 </span><span class="title-name">Starting X11 applications on a remote host</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-programm-forwarding"><span class="title-number">22.14 </span><span class="title-name">Agent forwarding</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-copy"><span class="title-number">22.15 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">scp</code>—secure copy</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-sftp"><span class="title-number">22.16 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">sftp</code>—secure file transfer</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-port-forwarding"><span class="title-number">22.17 </span><span class="title-name">Port forwarding (SSH tunneling)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ssh-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">22.18 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ssh-fail2ban"><span class="title-number">22.19 </span><span class="title-name">Stopping SSH Brute Force Attacks with Fail2Ban</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-firewall"><span class="title-number">23 </span><span class="title-name">Masquerading and firewalls</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-firewall-iptables"><span class="title-number">23.1 </span><span class="title-name">Packet filtering with iptables</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-firewall-masq"><span class="title-number">23.2 </span><span class="title-name">Masquerading basics</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-firewall-fw"><span class="title-number">23.3 </span><span class="title-name">Firewalling basics</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-firewall-firewalld"><span class="title-number">23.4 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">firewalld</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-firewall-upgrade"><span class="title-number">23.5 </span><span class="title-name">Migrating from SuSEfirewall2</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-firewall-info"><span class="title-number">23.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-vpnserver"><span class="title-number">24 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a VPN server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-vpn-overview"><span class="title-number">24.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-vpn-simplest"><span class="title-number">24.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a simple test scenario</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-vpn-ca"><span class="title-number">24.3 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up your VPN server using a certificate authority</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-vpn-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">24.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-xca"><span class="title-number">25 </span><span class="title-name">Managing a PKI with XCA, X certificate and key manager</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-xca-install"><span class="title-number">25.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installing XCA</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-xca-start"><span class="title-number">25.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a new PKI</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-sec-sysctl"><span class="title-number">26 </span><span class="title-name">Improving network security with <code class="command">sysctl</code> variables</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-compliance"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Regulations and Compliance</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-common-criteria"><span class="title-number">27 </span><span class="title-name">Common Criteria</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-common-criteria-introduction"><span class="title-number">27.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-common-criteria-eal"><span class="title-number">27.2 </span><span class="title-name">Evaluation Assurance Level (EAL)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-common-criteria-principles"><span class="title-number">27.3 </span><span class="title-name">Generic guiding principles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-common-criteria-more"><span class="title-number">27.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-fips"><span class="title-number">28 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling compliance with FIPS 140-3</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fips-concept"><span class="title-number">28.1 </span><span class="title-name">FIPS overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fips-use-case"><span class="title-number">28.2 </span><span class="title-name">When to enable FIPS mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fips-samba-cifs"><span class="title-number">28.3 </span><span class="title-name">MD5 not supported in Samba/CIFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fips-more"><span class="title-number">28.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-apparmor"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Confining privileges with <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-intro"><span class="title-number">29 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.7.8.2.5"><span class="title-number">29.1 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> components</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-intro-background"><span class="title-number">29.2 </span><span class="title-name">Background information on <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profiling</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-start"><span class="title-number">30 </span><span class="title-name">Getting started</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-start-install"><span class="title-number">30.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installing <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-start-enable"><span class="title-number">30.2 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling and disabling <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-start-choose"><span class="title-number">30.3 </span><span class="title-name">Choosing applications to profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-start-build"><span class="title-number">30.4 </span><span class="title-name">Building and modifying profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-start-update"><span class="title-number">30.5 </span><span class="title-name">Updating your profiles</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-concept"><span class="title-number">31 </span><span class="title-name">Immunizing programs</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-concept-tools"><span class="title-number">31.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing the <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> framework</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-concept-determine"><span class="title-number">31.2 </span><span class="title-name">Determining programs to immunize</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-concept-cron"><span class="title-number">31.3 </span><span class="title-name">Immunizing <code class="systemitem">cron</code> jobs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-concept-network"><span class="title-number">31.4 </span><span class="title-name">Immunizing network applications</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-profiles"><span class="title-number">32 </span><span class="title-name">Profile components and syntax</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-parts"><span class="title-number">32.1 </span><span class="title-name">Breaking an <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile into its parts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-types"><span class="title-number">32.2 </span><span class="title-name">Profile types</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-includes"><span class="title-number">32.3 </span><span class="title-name">Include statements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-capabilities"><span class="title-number">32.4 </span><span class="title-name">Capability entries (POSIX.1e)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-nac"><span class="title-number">32.5 </span><span class="title-name">Network access control</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-glob"><span class="title-number">32.6 </span><span class="title-name">Profile names, flags, paths, and globbing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-perm"><span class="title-number">32.7 </span><span class="title-name">File permission access modes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-mount"><span class="title-number">32.8 </span><span class="title-name">Mount rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-pivot-root"><span class="title-number">32.9 </span><span class="title-name">Pivot root rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-ptrace"><span class="title-number">32.10 </span><span class="title-name">PTrace rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-signal"><span class="title-number">32.11 </span><span class="title-name">Signal rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-exec"><span class="title-number">32.12 </span><span class="title-name">Execute modes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-rlimit"><span class="title-number">32.13 </span><span class="title-name">Resource limit control</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-audit"><span class="title-number">32.14 </span><span class="title-name">Auditing rules</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-repos"><span class="title-number">33 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-yast"><span class="title-number">34 </span><span class="title-name">Building and managing profiles with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-yast-add"><span class="title-number">34.1 </span><span class="title-name">Manually adding a profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-yast-edit"><span class="title-number">34.2 </span><span class="title-name">Editing profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-yast-del"><span class="title-number">34.3 </span><span class="title-name">Deleting a profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-yast-manage"><span class="title-number">34.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-commandline"><span class="title-number">35 </span><span class="title-name">Building profiles from the command line</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-commandline-status"><span class="title-number">35.1 </span><span class="title-name">Checking the <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> status</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-commandline-build"><span class="title-number">35.2 </span><span class="title-name">Building <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-commandline-add"><span class="title-number">35.3 </span><span class="title-name">Adding or creating an <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-commandline-edit"><span class="title-number">35.4 </span><span class="title-name">Editing an <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-commandline-unload"><span class="title-number">35.5 </span><span class="title-name">Unloading unknown <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-commandline-del"><span class="title-number">35.6 </span><span class="title-name">Deleting an <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-commandline-profiling"><span class="title-number">35.7 </span><span class="title-name">Two methods of profiling</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-commandline-filenames"><span class="title-number">35.8 </span><span class="title-name">Important file names and directories</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-hat"><span class="title-number">36 </span><span class="title-name">Profiling your Web applications using ChangeHat</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-hat-config"><span class="title-number">36.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring Apache for <code class="systemitem">mod_apparmor</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-hat-apache-managing"><span class="title-number">36.2 </span><span class="title-name">Managing ChangeHat-aware applications</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-pam"><span class="title-number">37 </span><span class="title-name">Confining users with <code class="systemitem">pam_apparmor</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-managing"><span class="title-number">38 </span><span class="title-name">Managing profiled applications</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-managing-react"><span class="title-number">38.1 </span><span class="title-name">Reacting to security event rejections</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-managing-maintain"><span class="title-number">38.2 </span><span class="title-name">Maintaining your security profiles</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-support"><span class="title-number">39 </span><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-support-updating"><span class="title-number">39.1 </span><span class="title-name">Updating <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> online</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-support-man"><span class="title-number">39.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using the man pages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-support-info"><span class="title-number">39.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-support-trouble"><span class="title-number">39.4 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-support-bugs"><span class="title-number">39.5 </span><span class="title-name">Reporting bugs for <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-glossary"><span class="title-number">40 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> glossary</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-audit"><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">The Linux Audit Framework</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-audit-comp"><span class="title-number">41 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding Linux audit</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-bigpicture"><span class="title-number">41.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing the components of Linux audit</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-auditd"><span class="title-number">41.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the audit daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-auditctl"><span class="title-number">41.3 </span><span class="title-name">Controlling the audit system using <code class="command">auditctl</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-rules"><span class="title-number">41.4 </span><span class="title-name">Passing parameters to the audit system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-aureport"><span class="title-number">41.5 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding the audit logs and generating reports</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-ausearch"><span class="title-number">41.6 </span><span class="title-name">Querying the audit daemon logs with <code class="command">ausearch</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-autrace"><span class="title-number">41.7 </span><span class="title-name">Analyzing processes with <code class="command">autrace</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-auviz"><span class="title-number">41.8 </span><span class="title-name">Visualizing audit data</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-audisp"><span class="title-number">41.9 </span><span class="title-name">Relaying audit event notifications</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-audit-setup"><span class="title-number">42 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up the Linux audit framework</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-choose"><span class="title-number">42.1 </span><span class="title-name">Determining the components to audit</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-config"><span class="title-number">42.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the audit daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-syscall"><span class="title-number">42.3 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling audit for system calls</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-aurules"><span class="title-number">42.4 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up audit rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-aurepo"><span class="title-number">42.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring audit reports</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-viz"><span class="title-number">42.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring log visualization</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-audit-scenarios"><span class="title-number">43 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing an audit rule set</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-scenbasic"><span class="title-number">43.1 </span><span class="title-name">Adding basic audit configuration parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-scenauconf"><span class="title-number">43.2 </span><span class="title-name">Adding watches on audit log files and configuration files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-scenfs"><span class="title-number">43.3 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring file system objects</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-scensecurity"><span class="title-number">43.4 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring security configuration files and databases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-scenmisc"><span class="title-number">43.5 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring miscellaneous system calls</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-scenipc"><span class="title-number">43.6 </span><span class="title-name">Filtering system call arguments</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-scenkeys"><span class="title-number">43.7 </span><span class="title-name">Managing audit event records using keys</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-audit-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">44 </span><span class="title-name">Useful resources</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#id-1.7.10"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.7.10.4"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-inst-nisclient"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">Setting domain and address of a NIS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-ldap-tree"><span class="number">5.1 </span><span class="name">Structure of an LDAP directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-ad-schema"><span class="number">7.1 </span><span class="name">Schema of Winbind-based Active Directory authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-security-logonmanagement"><span class="number">7.2 </span><span class="name">Main window of <span class="guimenu">User logon management</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-security-logonmanagement-enroll"><span class="number">7.3 </span><span class="name">Enrolling into a domain</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-security-logonmanagement-configure"><span class="number">7.4 </span><span class="name">Configuration window of <span class="guimenu">User logon management</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-ad-smbclient"><span class="number">7.5 </span><span class="name">Determining Windows domain membership</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-ad-join1"><span class="number">7.6 </span><span class="name">Providing administrator credentials</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-cryptctl-retrieve"><span class="number">13.1 </span><span class="name">Key retrieval with <code class="command">cryptctl</code> (model without connection to KMIP server)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-spectre-meltdown-output"><span class="number">16.1 </span><span class="name">Output from spectre-meltdown-checker</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast-security-overview"><span class="number">17.1 </span><span class="name">YaST security center and hardening: security overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-acls-map-mini"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">Minimum ACL: ACL entries compared to permission bits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-acls-map-ext"><span class="number">19.2 </span><span class="name">Extended ACL: ACL entries compared to permission bits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-fail2ban-jail-local"><span class="number">22.1 </span><span class="name"><span class="emphasis"><em>jail.local </em></span>file settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-fire-table"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">iptables: a packet's possible paths</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-vpn-scenario-routed-1"><span class="number">24.1 </span><span class="name">Routed VPN</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-vpn-scenario-briged-1"><span class="number">24.2 </span><span class="name">Bridged VPN - scenario 1</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-vpn-scenario-briged-2"><span class="number">24.3 </span><span class="name">Bridged VPN - scenario 2</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-vpn-scenario-briged-3"><span class="number">24.4 </span><span class="name">Bridged VPN - scenario 3</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-xca-newdb"><span class="number">25.1 </span><span class="name">Create a new XCA database</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.7.8.8.11.9.15.6"><span class="number">35.1 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">aa-notify Message in GNOME</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.7.8.9.20.3.5.5.2"><span class="number">36.1 </span><span class="name">Adminer login page</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-audit-components"><span class="number">41.1 </span><span class="name">Introducing the components of Linux audit</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-audit-mkgraph"><span class="number">41.2 </span><span class="name">Flow graph—program versus system call relationship</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-audit-mkbar"><span class="number">41.3 </span><span class="name">Bar chart—common event types</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-ldap-schema"><span class="number">5.1 </span><span class="name">Commonly used object classes and attributes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-parameters"><span class="number">13.1 </span><span class="name">List of all parameters to define the resource group with the cryptctl crm script.</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.7.5.7.6.7.4"><span class="number">14.1 </span><span class="name">Sample rules/constraints for password enforcement</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-entrytype"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">ACL entry types</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-mask"><span class="number">19.2 </span><span class="name">Masking access permissions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-aide-options"><span class="number">20.1 </span><span class="name">Important AIDE check boxes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-security-firewall-sysconfigports"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Important sysconfig variables for static port configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.7.8.12.5.3"><span class="number">39.1 </span><span class="name">Man pages: sections and categories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-audit-auditctl"><span class="number">41.1 </span><span class="name">Audit status flags</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-pam-sshd"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">PAM configuration for sshd (<code class="filename">/etc/pam.d/sshd</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-pam-common-auth"><span class="number">2.2 </span><span class="name">Default configuration for the <code class="literal">auth</code> section (<code class="filename">common-auth</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-pam-common-account"><span class="number">2.3 </span><span class="name">Default configuration for the <code class="literal">account</code> section (<code class="filename">common-account</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-pam-common-password"><span class="number">2.4 </span><span class="name">Default configuration for the <code class="literal">password</code> section (<code class="filename">common-password</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-pam-common-session"><span class="number">2.5 </span><span class="name">Default configuration for the <code class="literal">session</code> section (<code class="filename">common-session</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-pam-pamenv"><span class="number">2.6 </span><span class="name">pam_env.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#aus-ldap-schema-help"><span class="number">5.1 </span><span class="name">Excerpt from CN=schema</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ldap-389-ds-inf"><span class="number">5.2 </span><span class="name">Minimal 389 Directory Server instance configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-security-ldap-server-credentials-local"><span class="number">5.3 </span><span class="name">A <code class="filename">.dsrc</code> file for local administration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ldap-replication-two-replicas"><span class="number">5.4 </span><span class="name">Two supplier replicas</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ldap-replication-four-replicas"><span class="number">5.5 </span><span class="name">Four supplier replicas</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ldap-replication-six-replicas"><span class="number">5.6 </span><span class="name">Six replicas</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ldap-replication-six-replicas-read-only"><span class="number">5.7 </span><span class="name">Six replicas with read-only consumers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#usbguard-config-file-ipcaccess"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-sshd-conf"><span class="number">22.1 </span><span class="name">Example sshd_config</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-security-firewall-nfscallback"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Callback port configuration for the <code class="literal">nfs</code> kernel module in <code class="filename">/etc/modprobe.d/60-nfs.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-security-firewall-newrpcservice"><span class="number">23.2 </span><span class="name">Commands to define a new <code class="systemitem">firewalld</code> RPC service for NFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-vpn-serv-config"><span class="number">24.1 </span><span class="name">VPN server configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.6.6.5.7.3"><span class="number">24.2 </span><span class="name">VPN client configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-unconfined"><span class="number">30.1 </span><span class="name">Output of <code class="command">aa-unconfined</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-apparmor-commandline-profiling-summary-genprof-learn"><span class="number">35.1 </span><span class="name">Learning mode exception: controlling access to specific resources</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-apparmor-commandline-profiling-summary-genprof-perms"><span class="number">35.2 </span><span class="name">Learning mode exception: defining permissions for an entry</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.9.3.8.3"><span class="number">41.1 </span><span class="name">Default /etc/audit/auditd.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-auditctl-status"><span class="number">41.2 </span><span class="name">Example output of <code class="command">auditctl</code> <code class="option">-s</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-audit-rules-sysparam"><span class="number">41.3 </span><span class="name">Example audit rules—audit system parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-audit-rules-fs"><span class="number">41.4 </span><span class="name">Example audit rules—file system auditing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-audit-rules-syscall"><span class="number">41.5 </span><span class="name">Example audit rules—system call auditing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-audit-ruledel"><span class="number">41.6 </span><span class="name">Deleting audit rules and events</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.9.3.10.16"><span class="number">41.7 </span><span class="name">Listing rules with <code class="command">auditctl</code> <code class="option">-l</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-audit-aureport-logtrail"><span class="number">41.8 </span><span class="name">A simple audit event—viewing the audit log</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-audit-aureport-sshd"><span class="number">41.9 </span><span class="name">An advanced audit event—login via SSH</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.9.3.15.5"><span class="number">41.10 </span><span class="name">Example /etc/audit/auditd.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.9.3.15.8"><span class="number">41.11 </span><span class="name">Example /etc/audit/plugins.d/syslog.conf</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.7.1.5"><p>
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 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_tuning.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#book-tuning">System Analysis and Tuning Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-tuning" data-id-title="System Analysis and Tuning Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">System Analysis and Tuning Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_tuning.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p> This guide supports administrators in problem detection,
-     resolution and optimization. </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-tuning.html" target="_blank">Revision History: System Analysis and Tuning Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+     resolution and optimization. </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-tuning.html" target="_blank">Revision History: System Analysis and Tuning Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="#preface-tuning"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.8.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.8.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.8.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.8.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-tuning-basics"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Basics</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-basics"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">General notes on system tuning</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-basics-what"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Be sure what problem to solve</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-basics-common"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Rule out common problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-basics-bottleneck"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Finding the bottleneck</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-basics-tuning"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">Step-by-step tuning</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-tuning-monitoring"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">System monitoring</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-util"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">System monitoring utilities</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-multi"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Multi-purpose tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-system"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">System information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-processes"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Processes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-memory"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-networking"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Networking</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-proc"><span class="title-number">2.6 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="filename">/proc</code> file system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-hardware"><span class="title-number">2.7 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-file"><span class="title-number">2.8 </span><span class="title-name">Files and file systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-user"><span class="title-number">2.9 </span><span class="title-name">User information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-time"><span class="title-number">2.10 </span><span class="title-name">Time and date</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-rrdtool"><span class="title-number">2.11 </span><span class="title-name">Graph your data: RRDtool</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-syslog"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">System log files</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-syslog-logs"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">System log files in <code class="filename">/var/log/</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-syslog-view"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing and parsing log files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-syslog-logrotate"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Managing log files with <code class="command">logrotate</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-syslog-logwatch"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring log files with <code class="command">logwatch</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-syslog-forward"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring mail forwarding for <code class="systemitem">root</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-syslog-server"><span class="title-number">3.6 </span><span class="title-name">Forwarding log messages to a central syslog server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-syslog-logger"><span class="title-number">3.7 </span><span class="title-name">Using <code class="command">logger</code> to make system log entries</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-tuning-kerneltrace"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Kernel monitoring</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-systemtap"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">SystemTap—filtering and analyzing system data</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-systemtap-concept"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-systemtap-setup"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation and setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-systemtap-syntax"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Script syntax</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-systemtap-example"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">Example script</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-systemtap-userspace"><span class="title-number">4.5 </span><span class="title-name">User space probing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-systemtap-more"><span class="title-number">4.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-kprobes"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel probes</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kprobes-supparch"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Supported architectures</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kprobes-types"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Types of kernel probes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kprobes-api"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Kprobes API</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kprobes-debugfs"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">debugfs</code> Interface</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kprobes-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-perf"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware-based performance monitoring with Perf</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-perf-concept"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware-based monitoring</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-perf-sample-count"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Sampling and counting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-perf-install"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing Perf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-perf-subcommand"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">Perf subcommands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-perf-event"><span class="title-number">6.5 </span><span class="title-name">Counting particular types of event</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-perf-command"><span class="title-number">6.6 </span><span class="title-name">Recording events specific to particular commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-perf-more"><span class="title-number">6.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-oprofile"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">OProfile—system-wide profiler</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-oprofile-overview"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-oprofile-install"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation and requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-oprofile-utils"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Available OProfile utilities</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-oprofile-using"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using OProfile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-oprofiles-report"><span class="title-number">7.5 </span><span class="title-name">Generating reports</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-oprofile-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">7.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-dynamic-debug"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic debug—kernel debugging messages</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-dynamic-debug-benefits"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Benefits of dynamic debugging</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-dynamic-debug-check"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Checking the status of dynamic debug</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-dynamic-debug-use"><span class="title-number">8.3 </span><span class="title-name">Using dynamic debug</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-dynamic-debug-view"><span class="title-number">8.4 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing the dynamic debug messages</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-tuning-resources"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Resource management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-resources"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">General system resource management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-resources-installation"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">Planning the installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-resources-services"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Disabling unnecessary services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-resources-disk"><span class="title-number">9.3 </span><span class="title-name">File systems and disk access</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-cgroups"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel control groups</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-cgroups-overview"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-cgroups-accounting"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Resource accounting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-cgroups-usage"><span class="title-number">10.3 </span><span class="title-name">Setting resource limits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-cgroups-tasksmax"><span class="title-number">10.4 </span><span class="title-name">Preventing fork bombs with <code class="literal">TasksMax</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-control-io-cgroups"><span class="title-number">10.5 </span><span class="title-name">I/O control with cgroups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.8.6.3.8"><span class="title-number">10.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-numactl"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">Automatic Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) balancing</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-numactl-implementation"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Implementation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-numactl-configuration"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-numactl-monitoring"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-numactl-impact"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Impact</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-power"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Power management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-power-cpu"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">Power management at CPU Level</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-power-governors"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">In-kernel governors</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-power-tools-cpupower"><span class="title-number">12.3 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="systemitem">cpupower</code> tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-power-options"><span class="title-number">12.4 </span><span class="title-name">Special tuning options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-power-trouble"><span class="title-number">12.5 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-power-more"><span class="title-number">12.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-power-tools-powertop"><span class="title-number">12.7 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring power consumption with powerTOP</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-tuning-kernel"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Kernel tuning</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-io"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning I/O performance</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-io-switch"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Switching I/O scheduling</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-io-schedulers-blkmq"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Available I/O elevators with blk-mq I/O path</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-io-barrier"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">I/O barrier tuning</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-taskscheduler"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the task scheduler</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-taskscheduler-intro"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-taskscheduler-policy-class"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Process classification</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-taskscheduler-cfs"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Completely Fair Scheduler</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-taskscheduler-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-memory"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the memory management subsystem</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-memory-usage"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Memory usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-memory-optimize"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Reducing memory usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-memory-vm"><span class="title-number">15.3 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual memory manager (VM) tunable parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-memory-monitoring"><span class="title-number">15.4 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring VM behavior</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-network"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the network</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-network-buffers"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configurable kernel socket buffers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-network-analyzing"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">Detecting network bottlenecks and analyzing network traffic</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-network-netfilter"><span class="title-number">16.3 </span><span class="title-name">Netfilter</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-network-rps"><span class="title-number">16.4 </span><span class="title-name">Improving the network performance with receive packet steering (RPS)</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-tuning-dumps"><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">Handling system dumps</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-tracing"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">Tracing tools</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-tracing-strace"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name">Tracing system calls with strace</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-tracing-ltrace"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name">Tracing library calls with ltrace</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-tracing-valgrind"><span class="title-number">17.3 </span><span class="title-name">Debugging and profiling with Valgrind</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-tracing-valgrind-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">17.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-kexec"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">Kexec and Kdump</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kexec-intro"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kexec-pkgs"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">Required packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kexec-internals"><span class="title-number">18.3 </span><span class="title-name">Kexec internals</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-kexec-crashkernel"><span class="title-number">18.4 </span><span class="title-name">Calculating <code class="option">crashkernel</code> allocation size</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kexec-basic-usage"><span class="title-number">18.5 </span><span class="title-name">Basic Kexec usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kexec-config"><span class="title-number">18.6 </span><span class="title-name">How to configure Kexec for routine reboots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kdump-basic"><span class="title-number">18.7 </span><span class="title-name">Basic Kdump configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kdump-analyze"><span class="title-number">18.8 </span><span class="title-name">Analyzing the crash dump</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kdump-advanced"><span class="title-number">18.9 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced Kdump configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kdump-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">18.10 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-systemd-coredump"><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">Using <code class="systemitem">systemd-coredump</code> to debug application crashes</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sect-sys-coredump-default"><span class="title-number">19.1 </span><span class="title-name">Use and configuration</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-tuning-ptp"><span class="title-number">VII </span><span class="title-name">Synchronized clocks with Precision Time Protocol</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-ptp"><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">Precision Time Protocol</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#tuning-ptp-intro"><span class="title-number">20.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to PTP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#tuning-ptp-using"><span class="title-number">20.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using PTP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#tuning-ptp-phc2sys"><span class="title-number">20.3 </span><span class="title-name">Synchronizing the clocks with <code class="command">phc2sys</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#tuning-ptp-examples"><span class="title-number">20.4 </span><span class="title-name">Examples of configurations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#tuning-ptp-ntp"><span class="title-number">20.5 </span><span class="title-name">PTP and NTP</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#id-1.8.10"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.8.10.4"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="#util-rrdtool-example-create-graph1"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">Example graph created with RRDtool</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-powertop-curses"><span class="number">12.1 </span><span class="name">powerTOP in interactive mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-powertop-html"><span class="number">12.2 </span><span class="name">HTML powerTOP report</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-tuning-kdump-basic-yast-kdump1"><span class="number">18.1 </span><span class="name">YaST Kdump module: start-up page</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.8.4.2.11.5.5"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">List of query options of <code class="command">ethtool</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-tuning-power-cstates"><span class="number">12.1 </span><span class="name">C-states</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-tunables-mq-deadline"><span class="number">13.1 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">MQ-DEADLINE</code> tunable parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-tunables-bfq"><span class="number">13.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">BFQ</code> tunable parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-tunables-kyber"><span class="number">13.3 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">KYBER</code> tunable parameters</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.4.2.7.3.5"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">vmstat</code> output on a lightly used machine</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.4.2.7.3.6"><span class="number">2.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">vmstat</code> output on a heavily used machine (CPU bound)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-tuning-syslog-logrotate-config"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">Example for <code class="filename">/etc/logrotate.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-tuning-stap-simple"><span class="number">4.1 </span><span class="name">Simple SystemTap script</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-tuning-stap-async"><span class="number">4.2 </span><span class="name">Probe with timer event</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-tuning-stap-printf-formatspec"><span class="number">4.3 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">printf</code> Function with format specifiers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.5.2.6.8.4.3.6"><span class="number">4.4 </span><span class="name">Using global variables</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.5.2.7.4"><span class="number">4.5 </span><span class="name">Monitoring incoming TCP connections with <code class="literal">tcp_connections.stp</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.6.5.5.4.3"><span class="number">12.1 </span><span class="name">Example output of <code class="command">cpupower frequency-info</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.6.5.5.5.3"><span class="number">12.2 </span><span class="name">Example output of <code class="command">cpupower idle-info</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-cpupower-monitor"><span class="number">12.3 </span><span class="name">Example <code class="command">cpupower monitor</code> output</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.9.2.8.3"><span class="number">20.1 </span><span class="name">Slave clock using software time stamping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.9.2.8.4"><span class="number">20.2 </span><span class="name">Slave clock using hardware time stamping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.9.2.8.5"><span class="number">20.3 </span><span class="name">Master clock using hardware time stamping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.9.2.8.6"><span class="number">20.4 </span><span class="name">Master clock using software time stamping (not generally recommended)</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.8.1.5"><p>
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 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_tuning.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#book-tuning">System Analysis and Tuning Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-tuning" data-id-title="System Analysis and Tuning Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">System Analysis and Tuning Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_tuning.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p> This guide supports administrators in problem detection,
-     resolution and optimization. </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-tuning.html" target="_blank">Revision History: System Analysis and Tuning Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+     resolution and optimization. </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-tuning.html" target="_blank">Revision History: System Analysis and Tuning Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="#preface-tuning"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.8.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.8.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.8.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.8.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-tuning-basics"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Basics</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-basics"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">General notes on system tuning</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-basics-what"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Be sure what problem to solve</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-basics-common"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Rule out common problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-basics-bottleneck"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Finding the bottleneck</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-basics-tuning"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">Step-by-step tuning</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-tuning-monitoring"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">System monitoring</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-util"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">System monitoring utilities</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-multi"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Multi-purpose tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-system"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">System information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-processes"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Processes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-memory"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-networking"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Networking</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-proc"><span class="title-number">2.6 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="filename">/proc</code> file system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-hardware"><span class="title-number">2.7 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-file"><span class="title-number">2.8 </span><span class="title-name">Files and file systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-user"><span class="title-number">2.9 </span><span class="title-name">User information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-time"><span class="title-number">2.10 </span><span class="title-name">Time and date</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-rrdtool"><span class="title-number">2.11 </span><span class="title-name">Graph your data: RRDtool</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-syslog"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">System log files</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-syslog-logs"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">System log files in <code class="filename">/var/log/</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-syslog-view"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing and parsing log files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-syslog-logrotate"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Managing log files with <code class="command">logrotate</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-syslog-logwatch"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring log files with <code class="command">logwatch</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-syslog-forward"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring mail forwarding for <code class="systemitem">root</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-syslog-server"><span class="title-number">3.6 </span><span class="title-name">Forwarding log messages to a central syslog server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-syslog-logger"><span class="title-number">3.7 </span><span class="title-name">Using <code class="command">logger</code> to make system log entries</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-tuning-kerneltrace"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Kernel monitoring</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-systemtap"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">SystemTap—filtering and analyzing system data</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-systemtap-concept"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-systemtap-setup"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation and setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-systemtap-syntax"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Script syntax</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-systemtap-example"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">Example script</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-systemtap-userspace"><span class="title-number">4.5 </span><span class="title-name">User space probing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-systemtap-more"><span class="title-number">4.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-kprobes"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel probes</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kprobes-supparch"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Supported architectures</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kprobes-types"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Types of kernel probes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kprobes-api"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Kprobes API</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kprobes-debugfs"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">debugfs</code> Interface</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kprobes-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-perf"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware-based performance monitoring with Perf</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-perf-concept"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware-based monitoring</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-perf-sample-count"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Sampling and counting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-perf-install"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing Perf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-perf-subcommand"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">Perf subcommands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-perf-event"><span class="title-number">6.5 </span><span class="title-name">Counting particular types of event</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-perf-command"><span class="title-number">6.6 </span><span class="title-name">Recording events specific to particular commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-perf-more"><span class="title-number">6.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-oprofile"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">OProfile—system-wide profiler</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-oprofile-overview"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-oprofile-install"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation and requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-oprofile-utils"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Available OProfile utilities</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-oprofile-using"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using OProfile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-oprofiles-report"><span class="title-number">7.5 </span><span class="title-name">Generating reports</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-oprofile-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">7.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-dynamic-debug"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic debug—kernel debugging messages</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-dynamic-debug-benefits"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Benefits of dynamic debugging</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-dynamic-debug-check"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Checking the status of dynamic debug</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-dynamic-debug-use"><span class="title-number">8.3 </span><span class="title-name">Using dynamic debug</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-dynamic-debug-view"><span class="title-number">8.4 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing the dynamic debug messages</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-tuning-resources"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Resource management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-resources"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">General system resource management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-resources-installation"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">Planning the installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-resources-services"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Disabling unnecessary services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-resources-disk"><span class="title-number">9.3 </span><span class="title-name">File systems and disk access</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-cgroups"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel control groups</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-cgroups-overview"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-cgroups-accounting"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Resource accounting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-cgroups-usage"><span class="title-number">10.3 </span><span class="title-name">Setting resource limits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-cgroups-tasksmax"><span class="title-number">10.4 </span><span class="title-name">Preventing fork bombs with <code class="literal">TasksMax</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-control-io-cgroups"><span class="title-number">10.5 </span><span class="title-name">I/O control with cgroups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.8.6.3.8"><span class="title-number">10.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-numactl"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">Automatic Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) balancing</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-numactl-implementation"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Implementation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-numactl-configuration"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-numactl-monitoring"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-numactl-impact"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Impact</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-power"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Power management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-power-cpu"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">Power management at CPU Level</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-power-governors"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">In-kernel governors</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-power-tools-cpupower"><span class="title-number">12.3 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="systemitem">cpupower</code> tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-power-options"><span class="title-number">12.4 </span><span class="title-name">Special tuning options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-power-trouble"><span class="title-number">12.5 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-power-more"><span class="title-number">12.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-power-tools-powertop"><span class="title-number">12.7 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring power consumption with powerTOP</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-tuning-kernel"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Kernel tuning</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-io"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning I/O performance</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-io-switch"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Switching I/O scheduling</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-io-schedulers-blkmq"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Available I/O elevators with blk-mq I/O path</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-io-barrier"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">I/O barrier tuning</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-taskscheduler"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the task scheduler</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-taskscheduler-intro"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-taskscheduler-policy-class"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Process classification</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-taskscheduler-cfs"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Completely Fair Scheduler</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-taskscheduler-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-memory"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the memory management subsystem</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-memory-usage"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Memory usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-memory-optimize"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Reducing memory usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-memory-vm"><span class="title-number">15.3 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual memory manager (VM) tunable parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-memory-monitoring"><span class="title-number">15.4 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring VM behavior</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-network"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the network</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-network-buffers"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configurable kernel socket buffers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-network-analyzing"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">Detecting network bottlenecks and analyzing network traffic</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-network-netfilter"><span class="title-number">16.3 </span><span class="title-name">Netfilter</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-network-rps"><span class="title-number">16.4 </span><span class="title-name">Improving the network performance with receive packet steering (RPS)</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-tuning-dumps"><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">Handling system dumps</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-tracing"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">Tracing tools</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-tracing-strace"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name">Tracing system calls with strace</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-tracing-ltrace"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name">Tracing library calls with ltrace</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-tracing-valgrind"><span class="title-number">17.3 </span><span class="title-name">Debugging and profiling with Valgrind</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-tracing-valgrind-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">17.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-kexec"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">Kexec and Kdump</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kexec-intro"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kexec-pkgs"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">Required packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kexec-internals"><span class="title-number">18.3 </span><span class="title-name">Kexec internals</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-kexec-crashkernel"><span class="title-number">18.4 </span><span class="title-name">Calculating <code class="option">crashkernel</code> allocation size</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kexec-basic-usage"><span class="title-number">18.5 </span><span class="title-name">Basic Kexec usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kexec-config"><span class="title-number">18.6 </span><span class="title-name">How to configure Kexec for routine reboots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kdump-basic"><span class="title-number">18.7 </span><span class="title-name">Basic Kdump configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kdump-analyze"><span class="title-number">18.8 </span><span class="title-name">Analyzing the crash dump</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kdump-advanced"><span class="title-number">18.9 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced Kdump configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kdump-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">18.10 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-systemd-coredump"><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">Using <code class="systemitem">systemd-coredump</code> to debug application crashes</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sect-sys-coredump-default"><span class="title-number">19.1 </span><span class="title-name">Use and configuration</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-tuning-ptp"><span class="title-number">VII </span><span class="title-name">Synchronized clocks with Precision Time Protocol</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-ptp"><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">Precision Time Protocol</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#tuning-ptp-intro"><span class="title-number">20.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to PTP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#tuning-ptp-using"><span class="title-number">20.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using PTP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#tuning-ptp-phc2sys"><span class="title-number">20.3 </span><span class="title-name">Synchronizing the clocks with <code class="command">phc2sys</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#tuning-ptp-examples"><span class="title-number">20.4 </span><span class="title-name">Examples of configurations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#tuning-ptp-ntp"><span class="title-number">20.5 </span><span class="title-name">PTP and NTP</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#id-1.8.10"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.8.10.4"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="#util-rrdtool-example-create-graph1"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">Example graph created with RRDtool</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-powertop-curses"><span class="number">12.1 </span><span class="name">powerTOP in interactive mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-powertop-html"><span class="number">12.2 </span><span class="name">HTML powerTOP report</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-tuning-kdump-basic-yast-kdump1"><span class="number">18.1 </span><span class="name">YaST Kdump module: start-up page</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.8.4.2.11.5.5"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">List of query options of <code class="command">ethtool</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-tuning-power-cstates"><span class="number">12.1 </span><span class="name">C-states</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-tunables-mq-deadline"><span class="number">13.1 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">MQ-DEADLINE</code> tunable parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-tunables-bfq"><span class="number">13.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">BFQ</code> tunable parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-tunables-kyber"><span class="number">13.3 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">KYBER</code> tunable parameters</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.4.2.7.3.5"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">vmstat</code> output on a lightly used machine</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.4.2.7.3.6"><span class="number">2.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">vmstat</code> output on a heavily used machine (CPU bound)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-tuning-syslog-logrotate-config"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">Example for <code class="filename">/etc/logrotate.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-tuning-stap-simple"><span class="number">4.1 </span><span class="name">Simple SystemTap script</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-tuning-stap-async"><span class="number">4.2 </span><span class="name">Probe with timer event</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-tuning-stap-printf-formatspec"><span class="number">4.3 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">printf</code> Function with format specifiers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.5.2.6.8.4.3.6"><span class="number">4.4 </span><span class="name">Using global variables</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.5.2.7.4"><span class="number">4.5 </span><span class="name">Monitoring incoming TCP connections with <code class="literal">tcp_connections.stp</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.6.5.5.4.3"><span class="number">12.1 </span><span class="name">Example output of <code class="command">cpupower frequency-info</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.6.5.5.5.3"><span class="number">12.2 </span><span class="name">Example output of <code class="command">cpupower idle-info</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-cpupower-monitor"><span class="number">12.3 </span><span class="name">Example <code class="command">cpupower monitor</code> output</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.9.2.8.3"><span class="number">20.1 </span><span class="name">Slave clock using software time stamping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.9.2.8.4"><span class="number">20.2 </span><span class="name">Slave clock using hardware time stamping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.9.2.8.5"><span class="number">20.3 </span><span class="name">Master clock using hardware time stamping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.9.2.8.6"><span class="number">20.4 </span><span class="name">Master clock using software time stamping (not generally recommended)</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.8.1.5"><p>
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 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_upgrade.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#book-upgrade">Upgrade Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-upgrade" data-id-title="Upgrade Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">Upgrade Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_upgrade.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p>
     This book guides you through upgrades
     of <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span>. 
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-upgrade.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Upgrade Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-upgrade.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Upgrade Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="#preface-upgrade"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.5.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.5.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.5.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.5.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-upgrade-background"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Lifecycle and support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-background-terminology"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-background-life-cycle"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Product lifecycle</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-background-modules"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Module dependencies and lifecycles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-background-lifecyclereport"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">Generating periodic lifecycle report</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-background-supportlevel"><span class="title-number">1.5 </span><span class="title-name">Support levels</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-background-register"><span class="title-number">1.6 </span><span class="title-name">Registering and deregistering machines with SUSEConnect</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-background-identify-version"><span class="title-number">1.7 </span><span class="title-name">Identifying the <span class="phrase">SLE</span> version</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-upgrade-paths"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrade paths and methods</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-vs-fresh-install"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading versus fresh installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-paths-supported"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Supported upgrade and migration paths to <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SLED</span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-paths-methods"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Online and offline upgrade</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-update-preparation"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Preparing the upgrade</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-update"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Make sure the system is up-to-date</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-relnotes"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Read the release notes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-backup"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Make a backup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-disk"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Check the available disk space</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-packagelist"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">Listing installed packages and repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-ltss"><span class="title-number">3.6 </span><span class="title-name">Disable the LTSS extension</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-ssl"><span class="title-number">3.7 </span><span class="title-name">Create non-MD5 server certificates for Java applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-vms"><span class="title-number">3.8 </span><span class="title-name">Shut down virtual machine guests</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-rmt"><span class="title-number">3.9 </span><span class="title-name">Adjust your SMT client setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-prepare-boot-config"><span class="title-number">3.10 </span><span class="title-name">Adjust the <code class="literal">resume</code> boot parameter</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-upgrade-offline"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading offline</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-offline-conceptual-overview"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-offline-dvd"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Starting the upgrade from an installation medium</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-offline-network"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Starting the upgrade from a network source</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-offline-yast"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading SUSE Linux Enterprise</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-offline-manager"><span class="title-number">4.5 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with SUSE Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-reg-status-after-rollback"><span class="title-number">4.6 </span><span class="title-name">Updating registration status after rollback</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-registersystem"><span class="title-number">4.7 </span><span class="title-name">Registering your system</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-upgrade-online"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading online</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-online-conceptual-overview"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-online-workflow"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Service pack migration workflow</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-online-cancel"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Canceling service pack migration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-online-yast"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with the online migration tool (YaST)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-online-zypper"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with Zypper</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-online-zypper-plain"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with plain Zypper</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-online-rollback"><span class="title-number">5.7 </span><span class="title-name">Rolling back a service pack</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-online-manager"><span class="title-number">5.8 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with SUSE Manager</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-upgrade-finish"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Finishing the upgrade</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-finish-old-packages"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Check for old packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-uggrade-finish-config-files"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Review your configuration files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-finish-python3"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Enable the <code class="literal">Python 3</code> module</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-finish-xfs4"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">Reformat XFS v4 devices</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-update-backport"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Backports of source code</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-backports-reasons-for"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Reasons for backporting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-backports-reasons-against"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Reasons against backports</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-backports-implications"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">The implications of backports for interpreting version numbers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-backports-checks"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Checking for fixed bugs and backported features</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#id-1.5.10"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.5.10.4"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-update-releases-service-packs"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Major releases and service packs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-update-maintenance-long-term-service-pack"><span class="number">1.2 </span><span class="name">Long term service pack support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-update-sle-paths-overview"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">Overview of supported upgrade paths</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-security-and-bug-fixes"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Security updates and bug fixes</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-update-df"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">List with <code class="command">df -h</code></span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.5.1.5"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-upgrade/index.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-upgrade/index.html
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+++ b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLED-upgrade/index.html
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_upgrade.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#book-upgrade">Upgrade Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-upgrade" data-id-title="Upgrade Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">Upgrade Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_upgrade.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p>
     This book guides you through upgrades
     of <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop</span></span>. 
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-upgrade.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Upgrade Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-upgrade.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Upgrade Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="#preface-upgrade"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.5.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.5.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.5.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.5.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-upgrade-background"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Lifecycle and support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-background-terminology"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-background-life-cycle"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Product lifecycle</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-background-modules"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Module dependencies and lifecycles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-background-lifecyclereport"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">Generating periodic lifecycle report</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-background-supportlevel"><span class="title-number">1.5 </span><span class="title-name">Support levels</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-background-register"><span class="title-number">1.6 </span><span class="title-name">Registering and deregistering machines with SUSEConnect</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-background-identify-version"><span class="title-number">1.7 </span><span class="title-name">Identifying the <span class="phrase">SLE</span> version</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-upgrade-paths"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrade paths and methods</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-vs-fresh-install"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading versus fresh installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-paths-supported"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Supported upgrade and migration paths to <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SLED</span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-paths-methods"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Online and offline upgrade</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-update-preparation"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Preparing the upgrade</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-update"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Make sure the system is up-to-date</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-relnotes"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Read the release notes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-backup"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Make a backup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-disk"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Check the available disk space</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-packagelist"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">Listing installed packages and repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-ltss"><span class="title-number">3.6 </span><span class="title-name">Disable the LTSS extension</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-ssl"><span class="title-number">3.7 </span><span class="title-name">Create non-MD5 server certificates for Java applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-vms"><span class="title-number">3.8 </span><span class="title-name">Shut down virtual machine guests</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-rmt"><span class="title-number">3.9 </span><span class="title-name">Adjust your SMT client setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-prepare-boot-config"><span class="title-number">3.10 </span><span class="title-name">Adjust the <code class="literal">resume</code> boot parameter</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-upgrade-offline"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading offline</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-offline-conceptual-overview"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-offline-dvd"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Starting the upgrade from an installation medium</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-offline-network"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Starting the upgrade from a network source</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-offline-yast"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading SUSE Linux Enterprise</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-offline-manager"><span class="title-number">4.5 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with SUSE Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-reg-status-after-rollback"><span class="title-number">4.6 </span><span class="title-name">Updating registration status after rollback</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-registersystem"><span class="title-number">4.7 </span><span class="title-name">Registering your system</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-upgrade-online"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading online</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-online-conceptual-overview"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-online-workflow"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Service pack migration workflow</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-online-cancel"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Canceling service pack migration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-online-yast"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with the online migration tool (YaST)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-online-zypper"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with Zypper</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-online-zypper-plain"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with plain Zypper</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-online-rollback"><span class="title-number">5.7 </span><span class="title-name">Rolling back a service pack</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-online-manager"><span class="title-number">5.8 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with SUSE Manager</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-upgrade-finish"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Finishing the upgrade</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-finish-old-packages"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Check for old packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-uggrade-finish-config-files"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Review your configuration files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-finish-python3"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Enable the <code class="literal">Python 3</code> module</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-finish-xfs4"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">Reformat XFS v4 devices</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-update-backport"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Backports of source code</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-backports-reasons-for"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Reasons for backporting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-backports-reasons-against"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Reasons against backports</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-backports-implications"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">The implications of backports for interpreting version numbers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-backports-checks"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Checking for fixed bugs and backported features</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#id-1.5.10"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.5.10.4"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-update-releases-service-packs"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Major releases and service packs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-update-maintenance-long-term-service-pack"><span class="number">1.2 </span><span class="name">Long term service pack support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-update-sle-paths-overview"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">Overview of supported upgrade paths</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-security-and-bug-fixes"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Security updates and bug fixes</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-update-df"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">List with <code class="command">df -h</code></span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.5.1.5"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-administration/book-administration_draft.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-administration/book-administration_draft.html
index 335387ee46..23dc2d8529 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-administration/book-administration_draft.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-administration/book-administration_draft.html
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@
     This guide covers system administration tasks
      like maintaining, monitoring and customizing an initially installed
      system.
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-administration.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Administration Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-administration.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Administration Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="#preface-administration"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.3.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.3.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.3.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.3.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-administration"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Common tasks</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-adm-shell"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Bash and Bash scripts</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-whatistheshell"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">What is <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">the shell</span>”</span>?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-shellscripts"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Writing shell scripts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-shell-redirect"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Redirecting command events</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-alias"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using aliases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-variables"><span class="title-number">1.5 </span><span class="title-name">Using variables in Bash</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-shell-grouping"><span class="title-number">1.6 </span><span class="title-name">Grouping and combining commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-shell-commonconstructs"><span class="title-number">1.7 </span><span class="title-name">Working with common flow constructs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-shell-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">1.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-adm-sudo"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">sudo</code> basics</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-sudo-usage"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Basic <code class="command">sudo</code> usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sudo-conf"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring <code class="command">sudo</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sudo-usecases"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">sudo</code> use cases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-sudo-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-yast-gui"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Using YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast2-gui"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">YaST interface overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-gui-key-combination"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Useful key combinations</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-yast-text"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">YaST in text mode</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-cli-navigate"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Navigation in modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-cli-key-combination"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced key combinations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-cli-restricted-keys"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Restriction of key combinations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-cli-options"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">YaST command line options</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-yast-lang"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Changing language and country settings with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-langmod"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the system language</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-country"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the country and time settings</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-yast-userman"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing users with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-userman-main"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">User and group administration dialog</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-userman-users"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Managing user accounts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-userman-adv"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Additional options for user accounts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-userman-defaults"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">Changing default settings for local users</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-userman-assign"><span class="title-number">6.5 </span><span class="title-name">Assigning users to groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-userman-groups"><span class="title-number">6.6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-userman-authent"><span class="title-number">6.7 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the user authentication method</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-userman-defaultsystemusers"><span class="title-number">6.8 </span><span class="title-name">Default system users</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#default-system-groups"><span class="title-number">6.9 </span><span class="title-name">Default system groups</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-onlineupdate-you"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">YaST online update</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-onlineupdate-you-overview"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">The online update dialog</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-onlineupdate-you-install"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing patches</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-onlineupdate-retracted-patches"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing retracted patches</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-onlineupdate-you-automatically"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Automatic online update</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-yast-software"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Installing or removing software</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-onlineupdate-terms"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Definition of terms</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-software-register"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Registering an installed system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-software-qt"><span class="title-number">8.3 </span><span class="title-name">Using the YaST software manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-software-instsource"><span class="title-number">8.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing software repositories and services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-updater"><span class="title-number">8.5 </span><span class="title-name">The GNOME package updater</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-updater-gnomesw"><span class="title-number">8.6 </span><span class="title-name">Updating packages with <span class="guimenu">GNOME Software</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-sw-cl"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Managing software with command line tools</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-zypper"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using Zypper</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rpm"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">RPM—the package manager</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-snapper"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">System recovery and snapshot management with Snapper</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-snapper-setup"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">Default setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-snapper-undo"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using Snapper to undo changes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-snapper-snapshot-boot"><span class="title-number">10.3 </span><span class="title-name">System rollback by booting from snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-snapper-homedirs"><span class="title-number">10.4 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling Snapper in user home directories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-snapper-config"><span class="title-number">10.5 </span><span class="title-name">Creating and modifying Snapper configurations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-snapper-manage"><span class="title-number">10.6 </span><span class="title-name">Manually creating and managing snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-snapper-clean-up"><span class="title-number">10.7 </span><span class="title-name">Automatic snapshot clean-up</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.3.3.11.14"><span class="title-number">10.8 </span><span class="title-name">Showing exclusive disk space used by snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-snapper-faqs"><span class="title-number">10.9 </span><span class="title-name">Frequently asked questions</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-klp"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">Live kernel patching with KLP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-klp-advantages"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Advantages of Kernel Live Patching</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-klp-overview"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel Live Patching overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-klp-enable-with-yast2"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Activating Kernel Live Patching using YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-klp-enable-cli"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Activating Kernel Live Patching from the command line</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-klp-perform"><span class="title-number">11.5 </span><span class="title-name">Performing Kernel Live Patching</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-klp-troubleshoot"><span class="title-number">11.6 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting Kernel Live Patching issues</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-ulp"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">User space live patching</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ulp"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">About user space live patching</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ulp-info"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-transactional-updates"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Transactional updates</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tu-limitations"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Limitations of technology preview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-install-tu"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling <span class="package">transactional-update</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tu-disable"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">Managing automatic updates</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.3.3.14.6"><span class="title-number">13.4 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="command">transactional-update</code> command</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tu-troubleshooting"><span class="title-number">13.5 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-vnc"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">Remote graphical sessions with VNC</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-vnc-viewer"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="command">vncviewer</code> client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#vnc-remmina"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Remmina: the remote desktop client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-vnc-one-time"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring one-time sessions on the VNC server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-vnc-persistent"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring persistent VNC server sessions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-vnc-encrypt"><span class="title-number">14.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring encryption on the VNC server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-vnc-wayland"><span class="title-number">14.6 </span><span class="title-name">Compatibility with Wayland</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-net-rsync"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">File copying with RSync</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-rsync-overview"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-rsync-syntax"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Basic syntax</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-rsync-local-copy"><span class="title-number">15.3 </span><span class="title-name">Copying files and directories locally</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-rsync-remote-copy"><span class="title-number">15.4 </span><span class="title-name">Copying files and directories remotely</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-rsync-server"><span class="title-number">15.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring and using an rsync server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-rsync-summary"><span class="title-number">15.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-boot"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Booting a Linux system</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-boot"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to the boot process</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-terminology"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-proc"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">The Linux boot process</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-uefi"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface)</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-uefi-secboot"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name">Secure boot</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-uefi-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-grub2"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">The boot loader GRUB 2</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-grub2-new-features"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Main differences between GRUB legacy and GRUB 2</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-grub2-file-structure"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration file structure</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-grub2-yast2-config"><span class="title-number">18.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the boot loader with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-grub2-zseries"><span class="title-number">18.4 </span><span class="title-name">Differences in terminal usage on IBM Z</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-grub2-commands"><span class="title-number">18.5 </span><span class="title-name">Helpful GRUB 2 commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#grub-rescue-target"><span class="title-number">18.6 </span><span class="title-name">Rescue mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-grub2-info"><span class="title-number">18.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-systemd"><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> daemon</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-systemd-concept"><span class="title-number">19.1 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> concept</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-systemd-basics"><span class="title-number">19.2 </span><span class="title-name">Basic usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-systemd-boot"><span class="title-number">19.3 </span><span class="title-name">System start and target management</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-runlevel-edit"><span class="title-number">19.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing services with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-systemd-custom"><span class="title-number">19.5 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing <code class="systemitem">systemd</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-systemd-advanced"><span class="title-number">19.6 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-systemd-timer-units"><span class="title-number">19.7 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">systemd</code> timer units</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-systemd-info"><span class="title-number">19.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-system"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">System</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-64bit"><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">32-bit and 64-bit applications in a 64-bit system environment</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-64bit-runt"><span class="title-number">20.1 </span><span class="title-name">Runtime support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-64bit-kernel"><span class="title-number">20.2 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel specifications</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-journalctl"><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">journalctl</code>: query the <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> journal</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-journalctl-persistent"><span class="title-number">21.1 </span><span class="title-name">Making the journal persistent</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-journalctl-switches"><span class="title-number">21.2 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">journalctl</code>: useful switches</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-journalctl-filter"><span class="title-number">21.3 </span><span class="title-name">Filtering the journal output</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-journalctl-investigate"><span class="title-number">21.4 </span><span class="title-name">Investigating <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> errors</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-journalctl-config"><span class="title-number">21.5 </span><span class="title-name">Journald configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-journalctl-yast"><span class="title-number">21.6 </span><span class="title-name">Using YaST to filter the <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> journal</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-journalctl-gnome-logs"><span class="title-number">21.7 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing logs in GNOME</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-update-alternative"><span class="title-number">22 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">update-alternatives</code>: managing multiple versions of commands and files</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ua-concept"><span class="title-number">22.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ua-use-cases"><span class="title-number">22.2 </span><span class="title-name">Use cases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ua-view-all"><span class="title-number">22.3 </span><span class="title-name">Getting an overview of alternatives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ua-view"><span class="title-number">22.4 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing details on specific alternatives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ua-set"><span class="title-number">22.5 </span><span class="title-name">Setting the default version of alternatives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ua-install"><span class="title-number">22.6 </span><span class="title-name">Installing custom alternatives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ua-slave"><span class="title-number">22.7 </span><span class="title-name">Defining dependent alternatives</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-network"><span class="title-number">23 </span><span class="title-name">Basic networking</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-network-addresses"><span class="title-number">23.1 </span><span class="title-name">IP addresses and routing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-network-ipv6"><span class="title-number">23.2 </span><span class="title-name">IPv6—the next generation Internet</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-network-nameres"><span class="title-number">23.3 </span><span class="title-name">Name resolution</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-network-yast"><span class="title-number">23.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a network connection with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-network-manconf"><span class="title-number">23.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a network connection manually</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-network-router"><span class="title-number">23.6 </span><span class="title-name">Basic router setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-network-iface-bonding"><span class="title-number">23.7 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up bonding devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-network-iface-teaming"><span class="title-number">23.8 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up team devices for Network Teaming</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-network-openvswitch"><span class="title-number">23.9 </span><span class="title-name">Software-defined networking with <span class="productname">Open vSwitch</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-print"><span class="title-number">24 </span><span class="title-name">Printer operation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-print-workflow"><span class="title-number">24.1 </span><span class="title-name">The CUPS workflow</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-print-method"><span class="title-number">24.2 </span><span class="title-name">Methods and protocols for connecting printers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-print-software"><span class="title-number">24.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing the software</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-print-net"><span class="title-number">24.4 </span><span class="title-name">Network printers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-print-net-config-cmdl"><span class="title-number">24.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring CUPS with command line tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-print-appl-commandline"><span class="title-number">24.6 </span><span class="title-name">Printing from the command line</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-print-special"><span class="title-number">24.7 </span><span class="title-name">Special features in <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-print-prob"><span class="title-number">24.8 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gui-desktop"><span class="title-number">25 </span><span class="title-name">Graphical user interface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gui-desktop-xorg"><span class="title-number">25.1 </span><span class="title-name">X Window System</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-x11-fontsys"><span class="title-number">25.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing and configuring fonts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gui-desktop-gnome"><span class="title-number">25.3 </span><span class="title-name">GNOME configuration for administrators</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gui-desktop-suse-prime"><span class="title-number">25.4 </span><span class="title-name">Switching between Intel and NVIDIA Optimus GPUs with SUSE Prime</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-fuse"><span class="title-number">26 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing file systems with FUSE</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fuse-config"><span class="title-number">26.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring FUSE</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fuse-ntfs"><span class="title-number">26.2 </span><span class="title-name">Mounting an NTFS partition</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fuse-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">26.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-multikernel"><span class="title-number">27 </span><span class="title-name">Installing multiple kernel versions</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-multikernel-enable"><span class="title-number">27.1 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling and configuring multiversion support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-multikernel-yast"><span class="title-number">27.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing/removing multiple kernel versions with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-multikernel-zypper"><span class="title-number">27.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing/removing multiple kernel versions with Zypper</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-mod"><span class="title-number">28 </span><span class="title-name">Managing kernel modules</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-mod-lsmod"><span class="title-number">28.1 </span><span class="title-name">Listing loaded modules with lsmod and modinfo</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-mod-modprobe"><span class="title-number">28.2 </span><span class="title-name">Adding and removing kernel modules</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-udev"><span class="title-number">29 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic kernel device management with <code class="systemitem">udev</code></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-devdir"><span class="title-number">29.1 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="filename">/dev</code> directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-kernel"><span class="title-number">29.2 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel <code class="systemitem">uevents</code> and <code class="systemitem">udev</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-drivers"><span class="title-number">29.3 </span><span class="title-name">Drivers, kernel modules and devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-boot"><span class="title-number">29.4 </span><span class="title-name">Booting and initial device setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-debug"><span class="title-number">29.5 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring the running <code class="systemitem">udev</code> daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-rules"><span class="title-number">29.6 </span><span class="title-name">Influencing kernel device event handling with <code class="systemitem">udev</code> rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-persdev"><span class="title-number">29.7 </span><span class="title-name">Persistent device naming</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-files"><span class="title-number">29.8 </span><span class="title-name">Files used by <code class="systemitem">udev</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">29.9 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-suse"><span class="title-number">30 </span><span class="title-name">Special system features</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-suse-packages"><span class="title-number">30.1 </span><span class="title-name">Information about special software packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-suse-virt-konsolen"><span class="title-number">30.2 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual consoles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-suse-kb"><span class="title-number">30.3 </span><span class="title-name">Keyboard mapping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-suse-l10n"><span class="title-number">30.4 </span><span class="title-name">Language and country-specific settings</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-nm"><span class="title-number">31 </span><span class="title-name">Using NetworkManager</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nm-usecase"><span class="title-number">31.1 </span><span class="title-name">Use cases for NetworkManager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nm-activate"><span class="title-number">31.2 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling or disabling NetworkManager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nm-configure"><span class="title-number">31.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring network connections</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nm-security"><span class="title-number">31.4 </span><span class="title-name">NetworkManager and security</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nm-faq"><span class="title-number">31.5 </span><span class="title-name">Frequently asked questions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nm-trouble"><span class="title-number">31.6 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nm-more"><span class="title-number">31.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-hardware"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Hardware configuration</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#sec-yast-hw-keym"><span class="title-number">32 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up your system keyboard layout</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#sec-yast-hw-sound"><span class="title-number">33 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up sound cards</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#sec-yast-hw-print"><span class="title-number">34 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a printer</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-hw-print-local"><span class="title-number">34.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring printers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-hw-print-network"><span class="title-number">34.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring printing via the network with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-hw-print-share"><span class="title-number">34.3 </span><span class="title-name">Sharing printers over the network</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-power-mgmt"><span class="title-number">35 </span><span class="title-name">Power management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-power-mgmt-save"><span class="title-number">35.1 </span><span class="title-name">Power saving functions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-power-mgmt-acpi"><span class="title-number">35.2 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced configuration and power interface (ACPI)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-power-mgmt-silenthd"><span class="title-number">35.3 </span><span class="title-name">Rest for the hard disk</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-power-mgmt-faq"><span class="title-number">35.4 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-nvdimm"><span class="title-number">36 </span><span class="title-name">Persistent memory</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvdimm-intro"><span class="title-number">36.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvdimm-terms"><span class="title-number">36.2 </span><span class="title-name">Terms</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvdimm-uses"><span class="title-number">36.3 </span><span class="title-name">Use cases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvdimm-tools"><span class="title-number">36.4 </span><span class="title-name">Tools for managing persistent memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvdimm-setup"><span class="title-number">36.5 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up persistent memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvdimm-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">36.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-services"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Services</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-yast-serviceman"><span class="title-number">37 </span><span class="title-name">Service management with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-ntp"><span class="title-number">38 </span><span class="title-name">Time synchronization with NTP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ntp-yast"><span class="title-number">38.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring an NTP client with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-xntp-netconf"><span class="title-number">38.2 </span><span class="title-name">Manually configuring NTP in the network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#ntp-chronyc"><span class="title-number">38.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configure <code class="systemitem">chronyd</code> at runtime using <code class="command">chronyc</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-xntp-dynamic"><span class="title-number">38.4 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic time synchronization at runtime</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-xntp-normal"><span class="title-number">38.5 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a local reference clock</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-xntp-etr"><span class="title-number">38.6 </span><span class="title-name">Clock synchronization to an external time reference (ETR)</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-dns"><span class="title-number">39 </span><span class="title-name">The domain name system</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-dns-basic"><span class="title-number">39.1 </span><span class="title-name">DNS terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-dns-install"><span class="title-number">39.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-dns-yast"><span class="title-number">39.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-dns-bind"><span class="title-number">39.4 </span><span class="title-name">Starting the BIND name server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-dns-named"><span class="title-number">39.5 </span><span class="title-name">The /etc/named.conf configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-dns-zonefile"><span class="title-number">39.6 </span><span class="title-name">Zone files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-dns-dynupdate"><span class="title-number">39.7 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic update of zone data</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-dns-tsig"><span class="title-number">39.8 </span><span class="title-name">Secure transactions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-dns-dnssec"><span class="title-number">39.9 </span><span class="title-name">DNS security</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-dns-info"><span class="title-number">39.10 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-dhcp"><span class="title-number">40 </span><span class="title-name">DHCP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-dhcp-yast"><span class="title-number">40.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a DHCP server with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-dhcp-soft"><span class="title-number">40.2 </span><span class="title-name">DHCP software packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-dhcp-server"><span class="title-number">40.3 </span><span class="title-name">The DHCP server dhcpd</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-dhcp-addinfo"><span class="title-number">40.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-slp"><span class="title-number">41 </span><span class="title-name">SLP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-slp-sl-fend"><span class="title-number">41.1 </span><span class="title-name">The SLP front-end <code class="command">slptool</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-slp-sl-reg"><span class="title-number">41.2 </span><span class="title-name">Providing services via SLP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-slp-info"><span class="title-number">41.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apache2"><span class="title-number">42 </span><span class="title-name">The Apache HTTP server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apache2-quickstart"><span class="title-number">42.1 </span><span class="title-name">Quick start</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apache2-configuration"><span class="title-number">42.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring Apache</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apache2-start-stop"><span class="title-number">42.3 </span><span class="title-name">Starting and stopping Apache</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apache2-modules"><span class="title-number">42.4 </span><span class="title-name">Installing, activating and configuring modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apache2-cgi"><span class="title-number">42.5 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling CGI scripts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apache2-ssl"><span class="title-number">42.6 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a secure Web server with SSL</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apache2-multiple-instances"><span class="title-number">42.7 </span><span class="title-name">Running multiple Apache instances on the same server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apache2-security"><span class="title-number">42.8 </span><span class="title-name">Avoiding security problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apache2-troubleeshooting"><span class="title-number">42.9 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apache2-more-information"><span class="title-number">42.10 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-ftp"><span class="title-number">43 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an FTP server with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ftp-start"><span class="title-number">43.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting the FTP server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ftp-general"><span class="title-number">43.2 </span><span class="title-name">FTP general settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ftp-performance"><span class="title-number">43.3 </span><span class="title-name">FTP performance settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ftp-auth"><span class="title-number">43.4 </span><span class="title-name">Authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ftp-expert"><span class="title-number">43.5 </span><span class="title-name">Expert settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ftp-info"><span class="title-number">43.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-squid"><span class="title-number">44 </span><span class="title-name">Squid caching proxy server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-squid-cacheinfos"><span class="title-number">44.1 </span><span class="title-name">Some facts about proxy servers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-squid-sysneeds"><span class="title-number">44.2 </span><span class="title-name">System requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-squid-start"><span class="title-number">44.3 </span><span class="title-name">Basic usage of Squid</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-squid-yast"><span class="title-number">44.4 </span><span class="title-name">The YaST Squid module</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-squid-configfile"><span class="title-number">44.5 </span><span class="title-name">The Squid configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-squid-proxyconfigtrans"><span class="title-number">44.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a transparent proxy</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-squid-cachemgr"><span class="title-number">44.7 </span><span class="title-name">Using the Squid cache manager CGI interface (<code class="systemitem">cachemgr.cgi</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-squid-calamaris"><span class="title-number">44.8 </span><span class="title-name">Cache report generation with Calamaris</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-squid-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">44.9 </span><span class="title-name">More Information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-wbem"><span class="title-number">45 </span><span class="title-name">Web Based Enterprise Management using SFCB</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-wbem-intro"><span class="title-number">45.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction and basic concept</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-wbem-setting"><span class="title-number">45.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up SFCB</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-wbem-config"><span class="title-number">45.3 </span><span class="title-name">SFCB CIMOM configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-wbem-advanced"><span class="title-number">45.4 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced SFCB tasks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-wbem-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">45.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-trouble"><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-adminhelp"><span class="title-number">46 </span><span class="title-name">Help and documentation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-help-onboard-docdir"><span class="title-number">46.1 </span><span class="title-name">Documentation directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-help-onboard-manpages"><span class="title-number">46.2 </span><span class="title-name">Man pages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-help-onboard-infopages"><span class="title-number">46.3 </span><span class="title-name">Info pages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-help-online"><span class="title-number">46.4 </span><span class="title-name">Online resources</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-adm-support"><span class="title-number">47 </span><span class="title-name">Gathering system information for support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-admsupport-hostinfo"><span class="title-number">47.1 </span><span class="title-name">Displaying current system information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-admsupport-supportconfig"><span class="title-number">47.2 </span><span class="title-name">Collecting system information with supportconfig</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-admsupport-submit"><span class="title-number">47.3 </span><span class="title-name">Submitting information to Global Technical Support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-admsupport-sca"><span class="title-number">47.4 </span><span class="title-name">Analyzing system information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-admsupport-install"><span class="title-number">47.5 </span><span class="title-name">Gathering information during the installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-admsupport-kernel"><span class="title-number">47.6 </span><span class="title-name">Support of kernel modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-admsupport-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">47.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-trouble"><span class="title-number">48 </span><span class="title-name">Common problems and their solutions</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-trouble-info"><span class="title-number">48.1 </span><span class="title-name">Finding and gathering information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-trouble-boot"><span class="title-number">48.2 </span><span class="title-name">Boot problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-trouble-login"><span class="title-number">48.3 </span><span class="title-name">Login problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-trouble-netconfig"><span class="title-number">48.4 </span><span class="title-name">Network problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-trouble-data"><span class="title-number">48.5 </span><span class="title-name">Data problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-zseries-rescue"><span class="title-number">48.6 </span><span class="title-name">IBM Z: using initrd as a rescue system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-zseries-boot-new-kernel"><span class="title-number">48.7 </span><span class="title-name">IBM Z: After a kernel update the system boots into the previous kernel</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#app-nwscheme"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">An example network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#id-1.3.10"><span class="title-number">B </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.3.10.4"><span class="title-number">B.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-ncurses"><span class="number">4.1 </span><span class="name">Main window of YaST in text mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-ncurses-inst"><span class="number">4.2 </span><span class="name">The software installation module</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-y2-userman-main"><span class="number">6.1 </span><span class="name">YaST user and group administration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.8.9.4"><span class="number">7.1 </span><span class="name">YaST online update</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.8.11.3"><span class="number">7.2 </span><span class="name">Viewing retracted patches and history</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.8.12.6.2.2"><span class="number">7.3 </span><span class="name">YaST online update configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-y2-sw-packconfl"><span class="number">8.1 </span><span class="name">Conflict management of the software manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-y2-sw-repo-new"><span class="number">8.2 </span><span class="name">Adding a software repository</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.9.9.6"><span class="number">8.3 </span><span class="name">Update notification on GNOME desktop</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.9.10.6"><span class="number">8.4 </span><span class="name"><span class="guimenu">GNOME Software</span>—<span class="guimenu">Updates</span> view</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-snapper-snapshot-boot-identify"><span class="number">10.1 </span><span class="name">Boot loader: snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-vnc-viewer-connectgui"><span class="number">14.1 </span><span class="name">vncviewer</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.15.4.4.3"><span class="number">14.2 </span><span class="name">Remmina's main window</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.15.4.5.3"><span class="number">14.3 </span><span class="name">Remote desktop preference</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.15.4.6.3.3"><span class="number">14.4 </span><span class="name">Quick-starting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.15.4.6.5.3"><span class="number">14.5 </span><span class="name">Remmina viewing remote session</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.15.4.8.5"><span class="number">14.6 </span><span class="name">Reading path to the profile file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.15.5.4"><span class="number">14.7 </span><span class="name">Remote administration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.15.6.4.4.3"><span class="number">14.8 </span><span class="name">VNC session settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.15.6.4.5.3"><span class="number">14.9 </span><span class="name">Joining a persistent VNC session</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.4.3.8.7.3.3"><span class="number">17.1 </span><span class="name">Secure boot support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-uefi-secure-boot-mok2"><span class="number">17.2 </span><span class="name">UEFI: secure boot process</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-grub2-boot-editor"><span class="number">18.1 </span><span class="name">GRUB 2 boot editor</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-grub2-yast-boot-code-options0"><span class="number">18.2 </span><span class="name">Boot code options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-grub2-yast-bootloader-options"><span class="number">18.3 </span><span class="name">Boot loader options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-grub2-yast-kernel-parameters"><span class="number">18.4 </span><span class="name">Kernel parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-runlevel"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">Services Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-journalctl-yast"><span class="number">21.1 </span><span class="name">YaST systemd journal</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-net-basic-OSI"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Simplified layer model for TCP/IP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-net-basic-TCPPaket"><span class="number">23.2 </span><span class="name">TCP/IP Ethernet packet</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-neticard"><span class="number">23.3 </span><span class="name">Configuring network settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#wicked-architecture"><span class="number">23.4 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">wicked</code> architecture</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.5.9.6.3.2.2"><span class="number">27.1 </span><span class="name">The YaST software manager: multiversion view</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.5.13.8.6"><span class="number">31.1 </span><span class="name">GNOME Network Connections dialog</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.5.13.9.8.2"><span class="number">31.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">firewalld</code> zones in NetworkManager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast-serviceman"><span class="number">37.1 </span><span class="name">YaST service manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.7.3.6.4"><span class="number">38.1 </span><span class="name">NTP configuration window</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.7.3.6.7.4"><span class="number">38.2 </span><span class="name">Adding a time server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dnsinst-forwarders"><span class="number">39.1 </span><span class="name">DNS server installation: forwarder settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dnsinst-zones"><span class="number">39.2 </span><span class="name">DNS server installation: DNS zones</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dnsinst-finish"><span class="number">39.3 </span><span class="name">DNS server installation: finish wizard</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dns-logging"><span class="number">39.4 </span><span class="name">DNS server: logging</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dns-ddns"><span class="number">39.5 </span><span class="name">DNS server: Zone Editor (Basics)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dns-nsrec"><span class="number">39.6 </span><span class="name">DNS server: Zone Editor (NS Records)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dns-mxrec"><span class="number">39.7 </span><span class="name">DNS server: Zone Editor (MX Records)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dns-soa"><span class="number">39.8 </span><span class="name">DNS server: Zone Editor (SOA)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.7.4.5.4.11.7.3.3.2"><span class="number">39.9 </span><span class="name">Adding a record for a primary zone</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.7.4.5.4.11.7.3.4.2"><span class="number">39.10 </span><span class="name">Adding a reverse zone</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.7.4.5.4.11.7.3.5.2"><span class="number">39.11 </span><span class="name">Adding a reverse record</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dhcp-wiz1"><span class="number">40.1 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: card selection</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dhcp-wiz2"><span class="number">40.2 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: global settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dhcp-wiz3"><span class="number">40.3 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: dynamic DHCP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dhcp-start"><span class="number">40.4 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: start-up</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dhcp-statdhcp"><span class="number">40.5 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: host management</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dhcp-chroot"><span class="number">40.6 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: chroot jail and declarations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dhcp-newdec"><span class="number">40.7 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: selecting a declaration type</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dhcp-sub"><span class="number">40.8 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: configuring subnets</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dhcp-tsig"><span class="number">40.9 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: TSIG configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dhcp-dyndns"><span class="number">40.10 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: interface configuration for dynamic DNS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dhcp-fire"><span class="number">40.11 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: network interface and firewall</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-apache2-configuration-yast-host"><span class="number">42.1 </span><span class="name">HTTP server wizard: default host</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-apache2-configuration-yast-summary"><span class="number">42.2 </span><span class="name">HTTP server wizard: summary</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-apache2-configuration-yast-server-configuration-listen"><span class="number">42.3 </span><span class="name">HTTP server configuration: listen ports and addresses</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-apache2-configuration-yast-server-configuration-modules"><span class="number">42.4 </span><span class="name">HTTP server configuration: server modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-ftp-start-up"><span class="number">43.1 </span><span class="name">FTP server configuration — start-up</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-scatool-html"><span class="number">47.1 </span><span class="name">HTML report generated by SCA tool</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-sca-appl-html"><span class="number">47.2 </span><span class="name">HTML report generated by SCA appliance</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-adm-shell-config-loginshells"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Bash configuration files for login shells</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-adm-shell-configs-nonloginshells"><span class="number">1.2 </span><span class="name">Bash configuration files for non-login shells</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.3.3.2.3.3.10"><span class="number">1.3 </span><span class="name">Special files for Bash</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.3.3.2.3.4.4"><span class="number">1.4 </span><span class="name">Overview of a standard directory tree</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-adm-envars"><span class="number">1.5 </span><span class="name">Useful environment variables</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-rpm-query"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Essential RPM query options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-rpm-verify"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name">RPM verify options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.3.4.5.6.6.9"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">Service management commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.3.4.5.6.7.3.4"><span class="number">19.2 </span><span class="name">Commands for enabling and disabling services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.3.4.5.7.3.9"><span class="number">19.3 </span><span class="name">System V runlevels and <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> target units</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-net-basic-privat-net"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Private IP address domains</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-net-param-hostconf"><span class="number">23.2 </span><span class="name">Parameters for /etc/host.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-net-nnswitch-db"><span class="number">23.3 </span><span class="name">Databases available via /etc/nsswitch.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-net-nnswitch-conf"><span class="number">23.4 </span><span class="name">Configuration options for NSS <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">databases</span>”</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-team-comparison"><span class="number">23.5 </span><span class="name">Feature comparison between bonding and team</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-x11-fontsys-example-alias"><span class="number">25.1 </span><span class="name">Generating PFL from fontconfig rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-x11-fontsys-example-alias2"><span class="number">25.2 </span><span class="name">Results from generating PFL from fontconfig rules with changed order</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-x11-fontsys-example-alias3"><span class="number">25.3 </span><span class="name">Results from generating PFL from fontconfig rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-suse-packages-ulimit"><span class="number">30.1 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">ulimit</code>: Setting resources for the user</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-wbem-setting-daemon-1"><span class="number">45.1 </span><span class="name">Commands for managing sfcbd</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-help-mancategory"><span class="number">46.1 </span><span class="name">Man pages—categories and descriptions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-admsupport-features-and-filenames"><span class="number">47.1 </span><span class="name">Comparison of features and file names in the TAR archive</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-trouble-info"><span class="number">48.1 </span><span class="name">Log files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-trouble-system"><span class="number">48.2 </span><span class="name">System information with the <code class="filename">/proc</code> file system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-trouble-sysfs"><span class="number">48.3 </span><span class="name">System information with the <code class="filename">/sys</code> file system</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.3.2.4.3"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">A shell script printing a text</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-zypper-repos"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Zypper—list of known repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#aus-update-rpm-i"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">rpm -q -i wget</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-rpm-search"><span class="number">9.3 </span><span class="name">Script to search for packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-snapper-config-timeline"><span class="number">10.1 </span><span class="name">Example timeline configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.4.4.7.2.1.2.2"><span class="number">18.1 </span><span class="name">Usage of grub2-mkconfig</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.4.4.7.2.2.2.2"><span class="number">18.2 </span><span class="name">Usage of grub2-mkrescue</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.4.4.7.2.3.2.2"><span class="number">18.3 </span><span class="name">Usage of grub2-script-check</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.4.4.7.2.4.2.2"><span class="number">18.4 </span><span class="name">Usage of grub2-once</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.4.5.7.4.3.3"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">List active services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.4.5.7.4.3.5"><span class="number">19.2 </span><span class="name">List failed services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.4.5.10.8.5"><span class="number">19.3 </span><span class="name">List all processes belonging to a service</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.5.4.3.9"><span class="number">22.1 </span><span class="name">Alternatives System of the <code class="command">java</code> command</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#aus-net-basic-ipaddress"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Writing IP addresses</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#tab-net-basic-netmask"><span class="number">23.2 </span><span class="name">Linking IP addresses to the netmask</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#aus-net-ipv6-add"><span class="number">23.3 </span><span class="name">Sample IPv6 address</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#aus-net-ipv6-addpre"><span class="number">23.4 </span><span class="name">IPv6 address specifying the prefix length</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.5.5.17.5.10.9"><span class="number">23.5 </span><span class="name">Common network interfaces and some static routes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-net-etc-resolv-conf"><span class="number">23.6 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/var/run/netconfig/resolv.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-net-etc-hosts"><span class="number">23.7 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/etc/hosts</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-net-networks"><span class="number">23.8 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/etc/networks</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-net-etc-hostconf"><span class="number">23.9 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/etc/host.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-net-nsswitchconf"><span class="number">23.10 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/etc/nsswitch.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-basicnet-manconf-ping"><span class="number">23.11 </span><span class="name">Output of the command ping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-team-lb"><span class="number">23.12 </span><span class="name">Configuration for load balancing with Network Teaming</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-team-failover"><span class="number">23.13 </span><span class="name">Configuration for DHCP Network Teaming device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#aus-d-lpd"><span class="number">24.1 </span><span class="name">Error message from <code class="command">lpd</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#aus-d-bcast"><span class="number">24.2 </span><span class="name">Broadcast from the CUPS network server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-x11-fontsys-fontconfig-rendering-algorithms"><span class="number">25.1 </span><span class="name">Specifying rendering algorithms</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-x11-fontsys-fontconfig-aliases1"><span class="number">25.2 </span><span class="name">Aliases and family name substitutions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-x11-fontsys-fontconfig-aliases2"><span class="number">25.3 </span><span class="name">Aliases and family name substitutions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-x11-fontsys-fontconfig-aliases3"><span class="number">25.4 </span><span class="name">Aliases and family names substitutions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-rules"><span class="number">29.1 </span><span class="name">Example <code class="systemitem">udev</code> rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-suse-packages-cron"><span class="number">30.1 </span><span class="name">Entry in /etc/crontab</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-suse-packages-cron-time"><span class="number">30.2 </span><span class="name">/etc/crontab: remove time stamp files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-u-ulimit-bashrc"><span class="number">30.3 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">ulimit</code>: Settings in <code class="filename">~/.bashrc</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-forward"><span class="number">39.1 </span><span class="name">Forwarding options in named.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-named-mini"><span class="number">39.2 </span><span class="name">A basic /etc/named.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-no-log"><span class="number">39.3 </span><span class="name">Entry to disable logging</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-meine-domain"><span class="number">39.4 </span><span class="name">Zone entry for example.com</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-andere-domain"><span class="number">39.5 </span><span class="name">Zone entry for example.net</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-welt-zone"><span class="number">39.6 </span><span class="name">The /var/lib/named/example.com.zone file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-arpa"><span class="number">39.7 </span><span class="name">Reverse lookup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-dhcp-conf"><span class="number">40.1 </span><span class="name">The configuration file /etc/dhcpd.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-dhcp-conf-add"><span class="number">40.2 </span><span class="name">Additions to the configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-apache2-virtual-hosts-name-based"><span class="number">42.1 </span><span class="name">Basic examples of name-based <code class="systemitem">VirtualHost</code> entries</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-apache-directives-virtualhost-name-based"><span class="number">42.2 </span><span class="name">Name-based <code class="systemitem">VirtualHost</code> directives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-apache-directives-virtualhost-ip-based"><span class="number">42.3 </span><span class="name">IP-based <code class="systemitem">VirtualHost</code> directives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-apache-directives-virtualhost-basic-configuration"><span class="number">42.4 </span><span class="name">Basic <code class="systemitem">VirtualHost</code> configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-apache2-cgi-configuration"><span class="number">42.5 </span><span class="name">VirtualHost CGI configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-squidclient-request"><span class="number">44.1 </span><span class="name">A request with <code class="command">squidclient</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-squid-school"><span class="number">44.2 </span><span class="name">Defining ACL rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-support-hostinfo"><span class="number">47.1 </span><span class="name">Output of <code class="command">hostinfo</code> when logging in as <code class="systemitem">root</code></span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.3.1.5"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-administration/index.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-administration/index.html
index 335387ee46..23dc2d8529 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-administration/index.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-administration/index.html
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@
     This guide covers system administration tasks
      like maintaining, monitoring and customizing an initially installed
      system.
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-administration.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Administration Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-administration.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Administration Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="#preface-administration"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.3.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.3.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.3.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.3.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-administration"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Common tasks</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-adm-shell"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Bash and Bash scripts</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-whatistheshell"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">What is <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">the shell</span>”</span>?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-shellscripts"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Writing shell scripts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-shell-redirect"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Redirecting command events</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-alias"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using aliases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-variables"><span class="title-number">1.5 </span><span class="title-name">Using variables in Bash</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-shell-grouping"><span class="title-number">1.6 </span><span class="title-name">Grouping and combining commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-shell-commonconstructs"><span class="title-number">1.7 </span><span class="title-name">Working with common flow constructs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-shell-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">1.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-adm-sudo"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">sudo</code> basics</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-sudo-usage"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Basic <code class="command">sudo</code> usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sudo-conf"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring <code class="command">sudo</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sudo-usecases"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">sudo</code> use cases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-adm-sudo-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-yast-gui"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Using YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast2-gui"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">YaST interface overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-gui-key-combination"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Useful key combinations</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-yast-text"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">YaST in text mode</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-cli-navigate"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Navigation in modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-cli-key-combination"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced key combinations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-cli-restricted-keys"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Restriction of key combinations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-cli-options"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">YaST command line options</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-yast-lang"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Changing language and country settings with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-langmod"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the system language</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-country"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the country and time settings</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-yast-userman"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing users with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-userman-main"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">User and group administration dialog</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-userman-users"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Managing user accounts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-userman-adv"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Additional options for user accounts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-userman-defaults"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">Changing default settings for local users</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-userman-assign"><span class="title-number">6.5 </span><span class="title-name">Assigning users to groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-userman-groups"><span class="title-number">6.6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-userman-authent"><span class="title-number">6.7 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the user authentication method</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-userman-defaultsystemusers"><span class="title-number">6.8 </span><span class="title-name">Default system users</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#default-system-groups"><span class="title-number">6.9 </span><span class="title-name">Default system groups</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-onlineupdate-you"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">YaST online update</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-onlineupdate-you-overview"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">The online update dialog</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-onlineupdate-you-install"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing patches</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-onlineupdate-retracted-patches"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing retracted patches</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-onlineupdate-you-automatically"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Automatic online update</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-yast-software"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Installing or removing software</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-onlineupdate-terms"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Definition of terms</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-software-register"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Registering an installed system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-software-qt"><span class="title-number">8.3 </span><span class="title-name">Using the YaST software manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-software-instsource"><span class="title-number">8.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing software repositories and services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-updater"><span class="title-number">8.5 </span><span class="title-name">The GNOME package updater</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-updater-gnomesw"><span class="title-number">8.6 </span><span class="title-name">Updating packages with <span class="guimenu">GNOME Software</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-sw-cl"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Managing software with command line tools</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-zypper"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using Zypper</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rpm"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">RPM—the package manager</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-snapper"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">System recovery and snapshot management with Snapper</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-snapper-setup"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">Default setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-snapper-undo"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using Snapper to undo changes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-snapper-snapshot-boot"><span class="title-number">10.3 </span><span class="title-name">System rollback by booting from snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-snapper-homedirs"><span class="title-number">10.4 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling Snapper in user home directories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-snapper-config"><span class="title-number">10.5 </span><span class="title-name">Creating and modifying Snapper configurations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-snapper-manage"><span class="title-number">10.6 </span><span class="title-name">Manually creating and managing snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-snapper-clean-up"><span class="title-number">10.7 </span><span class="title-name">Automatic snapshot clean-up</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.3.3.11.14"><span class="title-number">10.8 </span><span class="title-name">Showing exclusive disk space used by snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-snapper-faqs"><span class="title-number">10.9 </span><span class="title-name">Frequently asked questions</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-klp"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">Live kernel patching with KLP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-klp-advantages"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Advantages of Kernel Live Patching</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-klp-overview"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel Live Patching overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-klp-enable-with-yast2"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Activating Kernel Live Patching using YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-klp-enable-cli"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Activating Kernel Live Patching from the command line</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-klp-perform"><span class="title-number">11.5 </span><span class="title-name">Performing Kernel Live Patching</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-klp-troubleshoot"><span class="title-number">11.6 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting Kernel Live Patching issues</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-ulp"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">User space live patching</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ulp"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">About user space live patching</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ulp-info"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-transactional-updates"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Transactional updates</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tu-limitations"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Limitations of technology preview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-install-tu"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling <span class="package">transactional-update</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tu-disable"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">Managing automatic updates</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.3.3.14.6"><span class="title-number">13.4 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="command">transactional-update</code> command</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tu-troubleshooting"><span class="title-number">13.5 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-vnc"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">Remote graphical sessions with VNC</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-vnc-viewer"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="command">vncviewer</code> client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#vnc-remmina"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Remmina: the remote desktop client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-vnc-one-time"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring one-time sessions on the VNC server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-vnc-persistent"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring persistent VNC server sessions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-vnc-encrypt"><span class="title-number">14.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring encryption on the VNC server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-vnc-wayland"><span class="title-number">14.6 </span><span class="title-name">Compatibility with Wayland</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-net-rsync"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">File copying with RSync</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-rsync-overview"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-rsync-syntax"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Basic syntax</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-rsync-local-copy"><span class="title-number">15.3 </span><span class="title-name">Copying files and directories locally</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-rsync-remote-copy"><span class="title-number">15.4 </span><span class="title-name">Copying files and directories remotely</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-rsync-server"><span class="title-number">15.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring and using an rsync server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-rsync-summary"><span class="title-number">15.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-boot"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Booting a Linux system</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-boot"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to the boot process</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-terminology"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-proc"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">The Linux boot process</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-uefi"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface)</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-uefi-secboot"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name">Secure boot</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-uefi-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-grub2"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">The boot loader GRUB 2</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-grub2-new-features"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Main differences between GRUB legacy and GRUB 2</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-grub2-file-structure"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration file structure</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-grub2-yast2-config"><span class="title-number">18.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the boot loader with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-grub2-zseries"><span class="title-number">18.4 </span><span class="title-name">Differences in terminal usage on IBM Z</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-grub2-commands"><span class="title-number">18.5 </span><span class="title-name">Helpful GRUB 2 commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#grub-rescue-target"><span class="title-number">18.6 </span><span class="title-name">Rescue mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-grub2-info"><span class="title-number">18.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-systemd"><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> daemon</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-systemd-concept"><span class="title-number">19.1 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> concept</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-systemd-basics"><span class="title-number">19.2 </span><span class="title-name">Basic usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-systemd-boot"><span class="title-number">19.3 </span><span class="title-name">System start and target management</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-runlevel-edit"><span class="title-number">19.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing services with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-systemd-custom"><span class="title-number">19.5 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing <code class="systemitem">systemd</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-systemd-advanced"><span class="title-number">19.6 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-systemd-timer-units"><span class="title-number">19.7 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">systemd</code> timer units</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-systemd-info"><span class="title-number">19.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-system"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">System</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-64bit"><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">32-bit and 64-bit applications in a 64-bit system environment</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-64bit-runt"><span class="title-number">20.1 </span><span class="title-name">Runtime support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-64bit-kernel"><span class="title-number">20.2 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel specifications</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-journalctl"><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">journalctl</code>: query the <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> journal</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-journalctl-persistent"><span class="title-number">21.1 </span><span class="title-name">Making the journal persistent</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-journalctl-switches"><span class="title-number">21.2 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">journalctl</code>: useful switches</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-journalctl-filter"><span class="title-number">21.3 </span><span class="title-name">Filtering the journal output</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-journalctl-investigate"><span class="title-number">21.4 </span><span class="title-name">Investigating <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> errors</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-journalctl-config"><span class="title-number">21.5 </span><span class="title-name">Journald configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-journalctl-yast"><span class="title-number">21.6 </span><span class="title-name">Using YaST to filter the <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> journal</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-journalctl-gnome-logs"><span class="title-number">21.7 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing logs in GNOME</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-update-alternative"><span class="title-number">22 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">update-alternatives</code>: managing multiple versions of commands and files</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ua-concept"><span class="title-number">22.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ua-use-cases"><span class="title-number">22.2 </span><span class="title-name">Use cases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ua-view-all"><span class="title-number">22.3 </span><span class="title-name">Getting an overview of alternatives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ua-view"><span class="title-number">22.4 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing details on specific alternatives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ua-set"><span class="title-number">22.5 </span><span class="title-name">Setting the default version of alternatives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ua-install"><span class="title-number">22.6 </span><span class="title-name">Installing custom alternatives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ua-slave"><span class="title-number">22.7 </span><span class="title-name">Defining dependent alternatives</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-network"><span class="title-number">23 </span><span class="title-name">Basic networking</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-network-addresses"><span class="title-number">23.1 </span><span class="title-name">IP addresses and routing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-network-ipv6"><span class="title-number">23.2 </span><span class="title-name">IPv6—the next generation Internet</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-network-nameres"><span class="title-number">23.3 </span><span class="title-name">Name resolution</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-network-yast"><span class="title-number">23.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a network connection with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-network-manconf"><span class="title-number">23.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a network connection manually</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-network-router"><span class="title-number">23.6 </span><span class="title-name">Basic router setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-network-iface-bonding"><span class="title-number">23.7 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up bonding devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-network-iface-teaming"><span class="title-number">23.8 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up team devices for Network Teaming</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-network-openvswitch"><span class="title-number">23.9 </span><span class="title-name">Software-defined networking with <span class="productname">Open vSwitch</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-print"><span class="title-number">24 </span><span class="title-name">Printer operation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-print-workflow"><span class="title-number">24.1 </span><span class="title-name">The CUPS workflow</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-print-method"><span class="title-number">24.2 </span><span class="title-name">Methods and protocols for connecting printers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-print-software"><span class="title-number">24.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing the software</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-print-net"><span class="title-number">24.4 </span><span class="title-name">Network printers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-print-net-config-cmdl"><span class="title-number">24.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring CUPS with command line tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-print-appl-commandline"><span class="title-number">24.6 </span><span class="title-name">Printing from the command line</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-print-special"><span class="title-number">24.7 </span><span class="title-name">Special features in <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-print-prob"><span class="title-number">24.8 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gui-desktop"><span class="title-number">25 </span><span class="title-name">Graphical user interface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gui-desktop-xorg"><span class="title-number">25.1 </span><span class="title-name">X Window System</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-x11-fontsys"><span class="title-number">25.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing and configuring fonts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gui-desktop-gnome"><span class="title-number">25.3 </span><span class="title-name">GNOME configuration for administrators</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gui-desktop-suse-prime"><span class="title-number">25.4 </span><span class="title-name">Switching between Intel and NVIDIA Optimus GPUs with SUSE Prime</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-fuse"><span class="title-number">26 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing file systems with FUSE</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fuse-config"><span class="title-number">26.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring FUSE</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fuse-ntfs"><span class="title-number">26.2 </span><span class="title-name">Mounting an NTFS partition</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fuse-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">26.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-multikernel"><span class="title-number">27 </span><span class="title-name">Installing multiple kernel versions</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-multikernel-enable"><span class="title-number">27.1 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling and configuring multiversion support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-multikernel-yast"><span class="title-number">27.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing/removing multiple kernel versions with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-multikernel-zypper"><span class="title-number">27.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing/removing multiple kernel versions with Zypper</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-mod"><span class="title-number">28 </span><span class="title-name">Managing kernel modules</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-mod-lsmod"><span class="title-number">28.1 </span><span class="title-name">Listing loaded modules with lsmod and modinfo</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-mod-modprobe"><span class="title-number">28.2 </span><span class="title-name">Adding and removing kernel modules</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-udev"><span class="title-number">29 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic kernel device management with <code class="systemitem">udev</code></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-devdir"><span class="title-number">29.1 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="filename">/dev</code> directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-kernel"><span class="title-number">29.2 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel <code class="systemitem">uevents</code> and <code class="systemitem">udev</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-drivers"><span class="title-number">29.3 </span><span class="title-name">Drivers, kernel modules and devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-boot"><span class="title-number">29.4 </span><span class="title-name">Booting and initial device setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-debug"><span class="title-number">29.5 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring the running <code class="systemitem">udev</code> daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-rules"><span class="title-number">29.6 </span><span class="title-name">Influencing kernel device event handling with <code class="systemitem">udev</code> rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-persdev"><span class="title-number">29.7 </span><span class="title-name">Persistent device naming</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-files"><span class="title-number">29.8 </span><span class="title-name">Files used by <code class="systemitem">udev</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-udev-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">29.9 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-suse"><span class="title-number">30 </span><span class="title-name">Special system features</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-suse-packages"><span class="title-number">30.1 </span><span class="title-name">Information about special software packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-suse-virt-konsolen"><span class="title-number">30.2 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual consoles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-suse-kb"><span class="title-number">30.3 </span><span class="title-name">Keyboard mapping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-suse-l10n"><span class="title-number">30.4 </span><span class="title-name">Language and country-specific settings</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-nm"><span class="title-number">31 </span><span class="title-name">Using NetworkManager</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nm-usecase"><span class="title-number">31.1 </span><span class="title-name">Use cases for NetworkManager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nm-activate"><span class="title-number">31.2 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling or disabling NetworkManager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nm-configure"><span class="title-number">31.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring network connections</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nm-security"><span class="title-number">31.4 </span><span class="title-name">NetworkManager and security</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nm-faq"><span class="title-number">31.5 </span><span class="title-name">Frequently asked questions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nm-trouble"><span class="title-number">31.6 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nm-more"><span class="title-number">31.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-hardware"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Hardware configuration</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#sec-yast-hw-keym"><span class="title-number">32 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up your system keyboard layout</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#sec-yast-hw-sound"><span class="title-number">33 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up sound cards</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#sec-yast-hw-print"><span class="title-number">34 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a printer</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-hw-print-local"><span class="title-number">34.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring printers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-hw-print-network"><span class="title-number">34.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring printing via the network with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-hw-print-share"><span class="title-number">34.3 </span><span class="title-name">Sharing printers over the network</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-power-mgmt"><span class="title-number">35 </span><span class="title-name">Power management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-power-mgmt-save"><span class="title-number">35.1 </span><span class="title-name">Power saving functions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-power-mgmt-acpi"><span class="title-number">35.2 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced configuration and power interface (ACPI)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-power-mgmt-silenthd"><span class="title-number">35.3 </span><span class="title-name">Rest for the hard disk</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-power-mgmt-faq"><span class="title-number">35.4 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-nvdimm"><span class="title-number">36 </span><span class="title-name">Persistent memory</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvdimm-intro"><span class="title-number">36.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvdimm-terms"><span class="title-number">36.2 </span><span class="title-name">Terms</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvdimm-uses"><span class="title-number">36.3 </span><span class="title-name">Use cases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvdimm-tools"><span class="title-number">36.4 </span><span class="title-name">Tools for managing persistent memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvdimm-setup"><span class="title-number">36.5 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up persistent memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvdimm-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">36.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-services"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Services</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-yast-serviceman"><span class="title-number">37 </span><span class="title-name">Service management with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-ntp"><span class="title-number">38 </span><span class="title-name">Time synchronization with NTP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ntp-yast"><span class="title-number">38.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring an NTP client with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-xntp-netconf"><span class="title-number">38.2 </span><span class="title-name">Manually configuring NTP in the network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#ntp-chronyc"><span class="title-number">38.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configure <code class="systemitem">chronyd</code> at runtime using <code class="command">chronyc</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-xntp-dynamic"><span class="title-number">38.4 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic time synchronization at runtime</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-xntp-normal"><span class="title-number">38.5 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a local reference clock</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-net-xntp-etr"><span class="title-number">38.6 </span><span class="title-name">Clock synchronization to an external time reference (ETR)</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-dns"><span class="title-number">39 </span><span class="title-name">The domain name system</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-dns-basic"><span class="title-number">39.1 </span><span class="title-name">DNS terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-dns-install"><span class="title-number">39.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-dns-yast"><span class="title-number">39.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-dns-bind"><span class="title-number">39.4 </span><span class="title-name">Starting the BIND name server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-dns-named"><span class="title-number">39.5 </span><span class="title-name">The /etc/named.conf configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-dns-zonefile"><span class="title-number">39.6 </span><span class="title-name">Zone files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-dns-dynupdate"><span class="title-number">39.7 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic update of zone data</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-dns-tsig"><span class="title-number">39.8 </span><span class="title-name">Secure transactions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-dns-dnssec"><span class="title-number">39.9 </span><span class="title-name">DNS security</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-dns-info"><span class="title-number">39.10 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-dhcp"><span class="title-number">40 </span><span class="title-name">DHCP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-dhcp-yast"><span class="title-number">40.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a DHCP server with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-dhcp-soft"><span class="title-number">40.2 </span><span class="title-name">DHCP software packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-dhcp-server"><span class="title-number">40.3 </span><span class="title-name">The DHCP server dhcpd</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-dhcp-addinfo"><span class="title-number">40.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-slp"><span class="title-number">41 </span><span class="title-name">SLP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-slp-sl-fend"><span class="title-number">41.1 </span><span class="title-name">The SLP front-end <code class="command">slptool</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-slp-sl-reg"><span class="title-number">41.2 </span><span class="title-name">Providing services via SLP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-slp-info"><span class="title-number">41.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apache2"><span class="title-number">42 </span><span class="title-name">The Apache HTTP server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apache2-quickstart"><span class="title-number">42.1 </span><span class="title-name">Quick start</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apache2-configuration"><span class="title-number">42.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring Apache</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apache2-start-stop"><span class="title-number">42.3 </span><span class="title-name">Starting and stopping Apache</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apache2-modules"><span class="title-number">42.4 </span><span class="title-name">Installing, activating and configuring modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apache2-cgi"><span class="title-number">42.5 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling CGI scripts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apache2-ssl"><span class="title-number">42.6 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a secure Web server with SSL</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apache2-multiple-instances"><span class="title-number">42.7 </span><span class="title-name">Running multiple Apache instances on the same server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apache2-security"><span class="title-number">42.8 </span><span class="title-name">Avoiding security problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apache2-troubleeshooting"><span class="title-number">42.9 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apache2-more-information"><span class="title-number">42.10 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-ftp"><span class="title-number">43 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an FTP server with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ftp-start"><span class="title-number">43.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting the FTP server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ftp-general"><span class="title-number">43.2 </span><span class="title-name">FTP general settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ftp-performance"><span class="title-number">43.3 </span><span class="title-name">FTP performance settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ftp-auth"><span class="title-number">43.4 </span><span class="title-name">Authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ftp-expert"><span class="title-number">43.5 </span><span class="title-name">Expert settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ftp-info"><span class="title-number">43.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-squid"><span class="title-number">44 </span><span class="title-name">Squid caching proxy server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-squid-cacheinfos"><span class="title-number">44.1 </span><span class="title-name">Some facts about proxy servers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-squid-sysneeds"><span class="title-number">44.2 </span><span class="title-name">System requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-squid-start"><span class="title-number">44.3 </span><span class="title-name">Basic usage of Squid</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-squid-yast"><span class="title-number">44.4 </span><span class="title-name">The YaST Squid module</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-squid-configfile"><span class="title-number">44.5 </span><span class="title-name">The Squid configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-squid-proxyconfigtrans"><span class="title-number">44.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a transparent proxy</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-squid-cachemgr"><span class="title-number">44.7 </span><span class="title-name">Using the Squid cache manager CGI interface (<code class="systemitem">cachemgr.cgi</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-squid-calamaris"><span class="title-number">44.8 </span><span class="title-name">Cache report generation with Calamaris</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-squid-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">44.9 </span><span class="title-name">More Information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-wbem"><span class="title-number">45 </span><span class="title-name">Web Based Enterprise Management using SFCB</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-wbem-intro"><span class="title-number">45.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction and basic concept</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-wbem-setting"><span class="title-number">45.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up SFCB</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-wbem-config"><span class="title-number">45.3 </span><span class="title-name">SFCB CIMOM configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-wbem-advanced"><span class="title-number">45.4 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced SFCB tasks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-wbem-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">45.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-trouble"><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-adminhelp"><span class="title-number">46 </span><span class="title-name">Help and documentation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-help-onboard-docdir"><span class="title-number">46.1 </span><span class="title-name">Documentation directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-help-onboard-manpages"><span class="title-number">46.2 </span><span class="title-name">Man pages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-help-onboard-infopages"><span class="title-number">46.3 </span><span class="title-name">Info pages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-help-online"><span class="title-number">46.4 </span><span class="title-name">Online resources</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-adm-support"><span class="title-number">47 </span><span class="title-name">Gathering system information for support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-admsupport-hostinfo"><span class="title-number">47.1 </span><span class="title-name">Displaying current system information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-admsupport-supportconfig"><span class="title-number">47.2 </span><span class="title-name">Collecting system information with supportconfig</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-admsupport-submit"><span class="title-number">47.3 </span><span class="title-name">Submitting information to Global Technical Support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-admsupport-sca"><span class="title-number">47.4 </span><span class="title-name">Analyzing system information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-admsupport-install"><span class="title-number">47.5 </span><span class="title-name">Gathering information during the installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-admsupport-kernel"><span class="title-number">47.6 </span><span class="title-name">Support of kernel modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-admsupport-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">47.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-trouble"><span class="title-number">48 </span><span class="title-name">Common problems and their solutions</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-trouble-info"><span class="title-number">48.1 </span><span class="title-name">Finding and gathering information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-trouble-boot"><span class="title-number">48.2 </span><span class="title-name">Boot problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-trouble-login"><span class="title-number">48.3 </span><span class="title-name">Login problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-trouble-netconfig"><span class="title-number">48.4 </span><span class="title-name">Network problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-trouble-data"><span class="title-number">48.5 </span><span class="title-name">Data problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-zseries-rescue"><span class="title-number">48.6 </span><span class="title-name">IBM Z: using initrd as a rescue system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-zseries-boot-new-kernel"><span class="title-number">48.7 </span><span class="title-name">IBM Z: After a kernel update the system boots into the previous kernel</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#app-nwscheme"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">An example network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#id-1.3.10"><span class="title-number">B </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.3.10.4"><span class="title-number">B.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-ncurses"><span class="number">4.1 </span><span class="name">Main window of YaST in text mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-ncurses-inst"><span class="number">4.2 </span><span class="name">The software installation module</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-y2-userman-main"><span class="number">6.1 </span><span class="name">YaST user and group administration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.8.9.4"><span class="number">7.1 </span><span class="name">YaST online update</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.8.11.3"><span class="number">7.2 </span><span class="name">Viewing retracted patches and history</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.8.12.6.2.2"><span class="number">7.3 </span><span class="name">YaST online update configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-y2-sw-packconfl"><span class="number">8.1 </span><span class="name">Conflict management of the software manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-y2-sw-repo-new"><span class="number">8.2 </span><span class="name">Adding a software repository</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.9.9.6"><span class="number">8.3 </span><span class="name">Update notification on GNOME desktop</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.9.10.6"><span class="number">8.4 </span><span class="name"><span class="guimenu">GNOME Software</span>—<span class="guimenu">Updates</span> view</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-snapper-snapshot-boot-identify"><span class="number">10.1 </span><span class="name">Boot loader: snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-vnc-viewer-connectgui"><span class="number">14.1 </span><span class="name">vncviewer</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.15.4.4.3"><span class="number">14.2 </span><span class="name">Remmina's main window</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.15.4.5.3"><span class="number">14.3 </span><span class="name">Remote desktop preference</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.15.4.6.3.3"><span class="number">14.4 </span><span class="name">Quick-starting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.15.4.6.5.3"><span class="number">14.5 </span><span class="name">Remmina viewing remote session</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.15.4.8.5"><span class="number">14.6 </span><span class="name">Reading path to the profile file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.15.5.4"><span class="number">14.7 </span><span class="name">Remote administration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.15.6.4.4.3"><span class="number">14.8 </span><span class="name">VNC session settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.3.15.6.4.5.3"><span class="number">14.9 </span><span class="name">Joining a persistent VNC session</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.4.3.8.7.3.3"><span class="number">17.1 </span><span class="name">Secure boot support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-uefi-secure-boot-mok2"><span class="number">17.2 </span><span class="name">UEFI: secure boot process</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-grub2-boot-editor"><span class="number">18.1 </span><span class="name">GRUB 2 boot editor</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-grub2-yast-boot-code-options0"><span class="number">18.2 </span><span class="name">Boot code options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-grub2-yast-bootloader-options"><span class="number">18.3 </span><span class="name">Boot loader options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-grub2-yast-kernel-parameters"><span class="number">18.4 </span><span class="name">Kernel parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-runlevel"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">Services Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-journalctl-yast"><span class="number">21.1 </span><span class="name">YaST systemd journal</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-net-basic-OSI"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Simplified layer model for TCP/IP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-net-basic-TCPPaket"><span class="number">23.2 </span><span class="name">TCP/IP Ethernet packet</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-neticard"><span class="number">23.3 </span><span class="name">Configuring network settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#wicked-architecture"><span class="number">23.4 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">wicked</code> architecture</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.5.9.6.3.2.2"><span class="number">27.1 </span><span class="name">The YaST software manager: multiversion view</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.5.13.8.6"><span class="number">31.1 </span><span class="name">GNOME Network Connections dialog</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.5.13.9.8.2"><span class="number">31.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">firewalld</code> zones in NetworkManager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast-serviceman"><span class="number">37.1 </span><span class="name">YaST service manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.7.3.6.4"><span class="number">38.1 </span><span class="name">NTP configuration window</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.7.3.6.7.4"><span class="number">38.2 </span><span class="name">Adding a time server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dnsinst-forwarders"><span class="number">39.1 </span><span class="name">DNS server installation: forwarder settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dnsinst-zones"><span class="number">39.2 </span><span class="name">DNS server installation: DNS zones</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dnsinst-finish"><span class="number">39.3 </span><span class="name">DNS server installation: finish wizard</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dns-logging"><span class="number">39.4 </span><span class="name">DNS server: logging</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dns-ddns"><span class="number">39.5 </span><span class="name">DNS server: Zone Editor (Basics)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dns-nsrec"><span class="number">39.6 </span><span class="name">DNS server: Zone Editor (NS Records)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dns-mxrec"><span class="number">39.7 </span><span class="name">DNS server: Zone Editor (MX Records)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dns-soa"><span class="number">39.8 </span><span class="name">DNS server: Zone Editor (SOA)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.7.4.5.4.11.7.3.3.2"><span class="number">39.9 </span><span class="name">Adding a record for a primary zone</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.7.4.5.4.11.7.3.4.2"><span class="number">39.10 </span><span class="name">Adding a reverse zone</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.3.7.4.5.4.11.7.3.5.2"><span class="number">39.11 </span><span class="name">Adding a reverse record</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dhcp-wiz1"><span class="number">40.1 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: card selection</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dhcp-wiz2"><span class="number">40.2 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: global settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dhcp-wiz3"><span class="number">40.3 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: dynamic DHCP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dhcp-start"><span class="number">40.4 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: start-up</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dhcp-statdhcp"><span class="number">40.5 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: host management</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dhcp-chroot"><span class="number">40.6 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: chroot jail and declarations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dhcp-newdec"><span class="number">40.7 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: selecting a declaration type</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dhcp-sub"><span class="number">40.8 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: configuring subnets</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dhcp-tsig"><span class="number">40.9 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: TSIG configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dhcp-dyndns"><span class="number">40.10 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: interface configuration for dynamic DNS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-dhcp-fire"><span class="number">40.11 </span><span class="name">DHCP server: network interface and firewall</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-apache2-configuration-yast-host"><span class="number">42.1 </span><span class="name">HTTP server wizard: default host</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-apache2-configuration-yast-summary"><span class="number">42.2 </span><span class="name">HTTP server wizard: summary</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-apache2-configuration-yast-server-configuration-listen"><span class="number">42.3 </span><span class="name">HTTP server configuration: listen ports and addresses</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-apache2-configuration-yast-server-configuration-modules"><span class="number">42.4 </span><span class="name">HTTP server configuration: server modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-ftp-start-up"><span class="number">43.1 </span><span class="name">FTP server configuration — start-up</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-scatool-html"><span class="number">47.1 </span><span class="name">HTML report generated by SCA tool</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-sca-appl-html"><span class="number">47.2 </span><span class="name">HTML report generated by SCA appliance</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-adm-shell-config-loginshells"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Bash configuration files for login shells</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-adm-shell-configs-nonloginshells"><span class="number">1.2 </span><span class="name">Bash configuration files for non-login shells</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.3.3.2.3.3.10"><span class="number">1.3 </span><span class="name">Special files for Bash</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.3.3.2.3.4.4"><span class="number">1.4 </span><span class="name">Overview of a standard directory tree</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-adm-envars"><span class="number">1.5 </span><span class="name">Useful environment variables</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-rpm-query"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Essential RPM query options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-rpm-verify"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name">RPM verify options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.3.4.5.6.6.9"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">Service management commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.3.4.5.6.7.3.4"><span class="number">19.2 </span><span class="name">Commands for enabling and disabling services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.3.4.5.7.3.9"><span class="number">19.3 </span><span class="name">System V runlevels and <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> target units</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-net-basic-privat-net"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Private IP address domains</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-net-param-hostconf"><span class="number">23.2 </span><span class="name">Parameters for /etc/host.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-net-nnswitch-db"><span class="number">23.3 </span><span class="name">Databases available via /etc/nsswitch.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-net-nnswitch-conf"><span class="number">23.4 </span><span class="name">Configuration options for NSS <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">databases</span>”</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-team-comparison"><span class="number">23.5 </span><span class="name">Feature comparison between bonding and team</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-x11-fontsys-example-alias"><span class="number">25.1 </span><span class="name">Generating PFL from fontconfig rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-x11-fontsys-example-alias2"><span class="number">25.2 </span><span class="name">Results from generating PFL from fontconfig rules with changed order</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-x11-fontsys-example-alias3"><span class="number">25.3 </span><span class="name">Results from generating PFL from fontconfig rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-suse-packages-ulimit"><span class="number">30.1 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">ulimit</code>: Setting resources for the user</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-wbem-setting-daemon-1"><span class="number">45.1 </span><span class="name">Commands for managing sfcbd</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-help-mancategory"><span class="number">46.1 </span><span class="name">Man pages—categories and descriptions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-admsupport-features-and-filenames"><span class="number">47.1 </span><span class="name">Comparison of features and file names in the TAR archive</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-trouble-info"><span class="number">48.1 </span><span class="name">Log files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-trouble-system"><span class="number">48.2 </span><span class="name">System information with the <code class="filename">/proc</code> file system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-trouble-sysfs"><span class="number">48.3 </span><span class="name">System information with the <code class="filename">/sys</code> file system</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.3.2.4.3"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">A shell script printing a text</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-zypper-repos"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Zypper—list of known repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#aus-update-rpm-i"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">rpm -q -i wget</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-rpm-search"><span class="number">9.3 </span><span class="name">Script to search for packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-snapper-config-timeline"><span class="number">10.1 </span><span class="name">Example timeline configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.4.4.7.2.1.2.2"><span class="number">18.1 </span><span class="name">Usage of grub2-mkconfig</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.4.4.7.2.2.2.2"><span class="number">18.2 </span><span class="name">Usage of grub2-mkrescue</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.4.4.7.2.3.2.2"><span class="number">18.3 </span><span class="name">Usage of grub2-script-check</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.4.4.7.2.4.2.2"><span class="number">18.4 </span><span class="name">Usage of grub2-once</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.4.5.7.4.3.3"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">List active services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.4.5.7.4.3.5"><span class="number">19.2 </span><span class="name">List failed services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.4.5.10.8.5"><span class="number">19.3 </span><span class="name">List all processes belonging to a service</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.5.4.3.9"><span class="number">22.1 </span><span class="name">Alternatives System of the <code class="command">java</code> command</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#aus-net-basic-ipaddress"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Writing IP addresses</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#tab-net-basic-netmask"><span class="number">23.2 </span><span class="name">Linking IP addresses to the netmask</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#aus-net-ipv6-add"><span class="number">23.3 </span><span class="name">Sample IPv6 address</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#aus-net-ipv6-addpre"><span class="number">23.4 </span><span class="name">IPv6 address specifying the prefix length</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.3.5.5.17.5.10.9"><span class="number">23.5 </span><span class="name">Common network interfaces and some static routes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-net-etc-resolv-conf"><span class="number">23.6 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/var/run/netconfig/resolv.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-net-etc-hosts"><span class="number">23.7 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/etc/hosts</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-net-networks"><span class="number">23.8 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/etc/networks</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-net-etc-hostconf"><span class="number">23.9 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/etc/host.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-net-nsswitchconf"><span class="number">23.10 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">/etc/nsswitch.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-basicnet-manconf-ping"><span class="number">23.11 </span><span class="name">Output of the command ping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-team-lb"><span class="number">23.12 </span><span class="name">Configuration for load balancing with Network Teaming</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-team-failover"><span class="number">23.13 </span><span class="name">Configuration for DHCP Network Teaming device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#aus-d-lpd"><span class="number">24.1 </span><span class="name">Error message from <code class="command">lpd</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#aus-d-bcast"><span class="number">24.2 </span><span class="name">Broadcast from the CUPS network server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-x11-fontsys-fontconfig-rendering-algorithms"><span class="number">25.1 </span><span class="name">Specifying rendering algorithms</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-x11-fontsys-fontconfig-aliases1"><span class="number">25.2 </span><span class="name">Aliases and family name substitutions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-x11-fontsys-fontconfig-aliases2"><span class="number">25.3 </span><span class="name">Aliases and family name substitutions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-x11-fontsys-fontconfig-aliases3"><span class="number">25.4 </span><span class="name">Aliases and family names substitutions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-rules"><span class="number">29.1 </span><span class="name">Example <code class="systemitem">udev</code> rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-suse-packages-cron"><span class="number">30.1 </span><span class="name">Entry in /etc/crontab</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-suse-packages-cron-time"><span class="number">30.2 </span><span class="name">/etc/crontab: remove time stamp files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-u-ulimit-bashrc"><span class="number">30.3 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">ulimit</code>: Settings in <code class="filename">~/.bashrc</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-forward"><span class="number">39.1 </span><span class="name">Forwarding options in named.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-named-mini"><span class="number">39.2 </span><span class="name">A basic /etc/named.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-no-log"><span class="number">39.3 </span><span class="name">Entry to disable logging</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-meine-domain"><span class="number">39.4 </span><span class="name">Zone entry for example.com</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-andere-domain"><span class="number">39.5 </span><span class="name">Zone entry for example.net</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-welt-zone"><span class="number">39.6 </span><span class="name">The /var/lib/named/example.com.zone file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-arpa"><span class="number">39.7 </span><span class="name">Reverse lookup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-dhcp-conf"><span class="number">40.1 </span><span class="name">The configuration file /etc/dhcpd.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-dhcp-conf-add"><span class="number">40.2 </span><span class="name">Additions to the configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-apache2-virtual-hosts-name-based"><span class="number">42.1 </span><span class="name">Basic examples of name-based <code class="systemitem">VirtualHost</code> entries</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-apache-directives-virtualhost-name-based"><span class="number">42.2 </span><span class="name">Name-based <code class="systemitem">VirtualHost</code> directives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-apache-directives-virtualhost-ip-based"><span class="number">42.3 </span><span class="name">IP-based <code class="systemitem">VirtualHost</code> directives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-apache-directives-virtualhost-basic-configuration"><span class="number">42.4 </span><span class="name">Basic <code class="systemitem">VirtualHost</code> configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-apache2-cgi-configuration"><span class="number">42.5 </span><span class="name">VirtualHost CGI configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-squidclient-request"><span class="number">44.1 </span><span class="name">A request with <code class="command">squidclient</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-squid-school"><span class="number">44.2 </span><span class="name">Defining ACL rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-support-hostinfo"><span class="number">47.1 </span><span class="name">Output of <code class="command">hostinfo</code> when logging in as <code class="systemitem">root</code></span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.3.1.5"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
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@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
 });
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_amd-sev.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#article-amd-sev">AMD Secure Encrypted Virtualization (AMD-SEV) Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="article" id="article-amd-sev" data-id-title="AMD Secure Encrypted Virtualization (AMD-SEV) Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div><h1 class="title">AMD Secure Encrypted Virtualization (AMD-SEV) Guide</h1></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>
-    January 06, 2025
+    January 07, 2025
 
    </div><div><div class="abstract"><p>
         AMD's Secure Encrypted Virtualization (SEV) allows the memory of
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-amd-sev/index.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-amd-sev/index.html
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@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
 });
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_amd-sev.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#article-amd-sev">AMD Secure Encrypted Virtualization (AMD-SEV) Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="article" id="article-amd-sev" data-id-title="AMD Secure Encrypted Virtualization (AMD-SEV) Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div><h1 class="title">AMD Secure Encrypted Virtualization (AMD-SEV) Guide</h1></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>
-    January 06, 2025
+    January 07, 2025
 
    </div><div><div class="abstract"><p>
         AMD's Secure Encrypted Virtualization (SEV) allows the memory of
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-autoyast/book-autoyast_draft.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-autoyast/book-autoyast_draft.html
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@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@
      of <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span> systems. It uses an AutoYaST profile that contains installation
      and configuration data. The book guides you through the basic steps of
      auto-installation: preparation, installation, and configuration.
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-autoyast.html" target="_blank">Revision History: AutoYaST Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-autoyast.html" target="_blank">Revision History: AutoYaST Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="#ay-preface"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.7.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.7.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.7.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.7.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-intro-to-autoyast"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to AutoYaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#motiv"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Motivation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#overviewandconcept"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Overview and concept</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-control"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Understanding and creating the AutoYaST control file</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-autoyast-control-file"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">The AutoYaST control file</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Profile-Intro"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Profile-Format"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Format</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Profile-Structure"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Structure</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-autoyast-create-control-file"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Creating an AutoYaST control file</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Autoinstallation-collectInfo"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Collecting information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-CMS"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using the configuration management system (CMS)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-Manual"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Creating/editing a control file manually</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-XSLT"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a control file via script with XSLT</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#check-profile"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">Checking a control file</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-configuration"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">AutoYaST configuration examples</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-configuration-installation-options"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration and installation options</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-General"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">General options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-Reporting"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Reporting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-Register"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">System registration and extension selection</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-Bootloader"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">The boot loader</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-Partitioning"><span class="title-number">4.5 </span><span class="title-name">Partitioning</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-Iscsi-client"><span class="title-number">4.6 </span><span class="title-name">iSCSI initiator overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-fcoe-client"><span class="title-number">4.7 </span><span class="title-name">Fibre channel over Ethernet configuration (FCoE)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-Country"><span class="title-number">4.8 </span><span class="title-name">Country settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-Software"><span class="title-number">4.9 </span><span class="title-name">Software</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-upgrade"><span class="title-number">4.10 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrade</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-Services"><span class="title-number">4.11 </span><span class="title-name">Services and targets</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-Network"><span class="title-number">4.12 </span><span class="title-name">Network configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Configuration-Network-Proxy"><span class="title-number">4.13 </span><span class="title-name">Proxy</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Configuration-Network-NIS"><span class="title-number">4.14 </span><span class="title-name">NIS client and server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Configuration-Network-NIS-Server"><span class="title-number">4.15 </span><span class="title-name">NIS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Configuration-Network-Host"><span class="title-number">4.16 </span><span class="title-name">Hosts definition</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Configuration-Network-Samba-client"><span class="title-number">4.17 </span><span class="title-name">Windows domain membership</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Configuration-Network-Samba-server"><span class="title-number">4.18 </span><span class="title-name">Samba server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Configuration-Network-Auth"><span class="title-number">4.19 </span><span class="title-name">Authentication client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#ay-nfs"><span class="title-number">4.20 </span><span class="title-name">NFS client and server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Configuration-Network-Ntp"><span class="title-number">4.21 </span><span class="title-name">NTP client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Configuration-Network-Sendmail"><span class="title-number">4.22 </span><span class="title-name">Mail server configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Configuration-Network-apache"><span class="title-number">4.23 </span><span class="title-name">Apache HTTP server configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Configuration-Network-Squid"><span class="title-number">4.24 </span><span class="title-name">Squid server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Configuration-Network-Ftp"><span class="title-number">4.25 </span><span class="title-name">FTP server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Configuration-Network-Tftp"><span class="title-number">4.26 </span><span class="title-name">TFTP server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-Firstboot"><span class="title-number">4.27 </span><span class="title-name">Firstboot workflow</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-Security"><span class="title-number">4.28 </span><span class="title-name">Security settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-Security-laf"><span class="title-number">4.29 </span><span class="title-name">Linux audit framework (LAF)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Configuration-Security-users-and-groups"><span class="title-number">4.30 </span><span class="title-name">Users and groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#createprofile-scripts"><span class="title-number">4.31 </span><span class="title-name">Custom user scripts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#createprofile-sysconfig"><span class="title-number">4.32 </span><span class="title-name">System variables (sysconfig)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#createprofile-completeconf"><span class="title-number">4.33 </span><span class="title-name">Adding complete configurations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-Ask"><span class="title-number">4.34 </span><span class="title-name">Ask the user for values during installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-kdump"><span class="title-number">4.35 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel dumps</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-dns-server"><span class="title-number">4.36 </span><span class="title-name">DNS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-dhcp-server"><span class="title-number">4.37 </span><span class="title-name">DHCP server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-firewall"><span class="title-number">4.38 </span><span class="title-name">Firewall configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-Hardware"><span class="title-number">4.39 </span><span class="title-name">Miscellaneous hardware and system components</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-SSHKeysAndConfig"><span class="title-number">4.40 </span><span class="title-name">Importing SSH keys and configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-ConfigurationManagement"><span class="title-number">4.41 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration management</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-dynamic-profiles"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Managing mass installations with dynamic profiles</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#dynamic-profiles"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Supported approaches to dynamic profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#rulesandclass"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Rules and classes</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#rules"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Rule-based automatic installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#classes"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Classes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#mixinfrulesclasses"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Mixing rules and classes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#merging"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">Merging of rules and classes</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#erb-templates"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">ERB templates</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#erb"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">What is ERB?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#erb-helpers"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Template helpers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#erb-running-helpers"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Running ERB helpers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#erb-rendering-profile"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Rendering ERB profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#erb-debugging-erb"><span class="title-number">7.5 </span><span class="title-name">Debugging ERB profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#erb-comparison"><span class="title-number">7.6 </span><span class="title-name">ERB compared to rules and classes</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#pre-scripts"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Combining ERB templates and scripts</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#erb-and-scripts"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Embedding ERB in your scripts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#erb-helpers-in-scripts"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing ERB helpers from Ruby scripts</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#id-1.7.7"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Understanding the auto-installation process</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#Invoking"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">The auto-installation process</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Installation-process"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#bootmedium"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Choosing the right boot medium</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#invoking-autoinst"><span class="title-number">9.3 </span><span class="title-name">Invoking the auto-installation process</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#System-Configuration"><span class="title-number">9.4 </span><span class="title-name">System configuration</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#id-1.7.8"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Uses for AutoYaST on installed systems</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#InstalledSystem"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Running AutoYaST in an installed system</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#id-1.7.9"><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">Appendixes</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#handlingrules"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">Handling rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#app-ay-faq"><span class="title-number">B </span><span class="title-name">AutoYaST FAQ—frequently asked questions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#appendix-linuxrc"><span class="title-number">C </span><span class="title-name">Advanced <code class="command">linuxrc</code> options</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#ay-cmd-parameters"><span class="title-number">C.1 </span><span class="title-name">Passing parameters to <code class="command">linuxrc</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#info-file-format"><span class="title-number">C.2 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="filename">info</code> file format</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#ay-adv-network"><span class="title-number">C.3 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced network setup</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#appendix-ay-12vs15"><span class="title-number">D </span><span class="title-name">Differences between AutoYaST profiles in SLE 12 and 15</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ay-12vs15-product-selection"><span class="title-number">D.1 </span><span class="title-name">Product selection</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ay-12vs15-software"><span class="title-number">D.2 </span><span class="title-name">Software</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ay-12vs15-registration"><span class="title-number">D.3 </span><span class="title-name">Registration of module and extension dependencies</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ay-12vs15-partitioning"><span class="title-number">D.4 </span><span class="title-name">Partitioning</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ay-12vs15-firewall"><span class="title-number">D.5 </span><span class="title-name">Firewall configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ay-12vs15-ntp"><span class="title-number">D.6 </span><span class="title-name">NTP configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ay-12vs15-2nd-stage"><span class="title-number">D.7 </span><span class="title-name">AutoYaST packages are needed for the second stage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ay-12vs15-ca"><span class="title-number">D.8 </span><span class="title-name">The CA management module has been dropped</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ay-12vs15-upgrade"><span class="title-number">D.9 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrade</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#id-1.7.9.6"><span class="title-number">E </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.7.9.6.4"><span class="title-number">E.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.7.4.3.4.4"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">Configuration system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#partitioning-keep1"><span class="number">4.1 </span><span class="name">Keeping partitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#rules-fig1"><span class="number">6.1 </span><span class="name">Rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.7.6.3.7.9"><span class="number">6.2 </span><span class="name">Defining classes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#rulesflow"><span class="number">A.1 </span><span class="name">Rules retrieval process</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.7.6.3.6.18.4"><span class="number">6.1 </span><span class="name">System attributes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.7.9.4.9.7"><span class="number">C.1 </span><span class="name">Advanced <code class="command">linuxrc</code> keywords</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.7.9.5.7.4"><span class="number">D.1 </span><span class="name">AutoYaST firewall configuration in SLE 15: backward compatibility</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.7.9.5.7.8.3"><span class="number">D.2 </span><span class="name">Mapping of SuSEfirewall2 and <code class="systemitem">firewalld</code> zones</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.4.2.4.5"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">AutoYaST control file (profile)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.4.2.5.3"><span class="number">2.2 </span><span class="name">Control file container</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.4.2.5.6.4"><span class="number">2.3 </span><span class="name">Nested resources</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.4.2.5.7.4"><span class="number">2.4 </span><span class="name">An empty map</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.4.3.6.4"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">Example file for replacing the host name/domain by script</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-general-common"><span class="number">4.1 </span><span class="name">General options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.7.5"><span class="number">4.2 </span><span class="name">Reporting behavior</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#example-lvm-guided"><span class="number">4.3 </span><span class="name">LVM-based guided partitioning</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#example-partitioning"><span class="number">4.4 </span><span class="name">Creating <code class="literal">/</code>, <code class="literal">/home</code> and <code class="literal">swap</code> partitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.10.8.10.4"><span class="number">4.5 </span><span class="name">Using a whole disk as a file system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.10.8.11.3"><span class="number">4.6 </span><span class="name">Automated partitioning on selected drives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.10.8.11.5"><span class="number">4.7 </span><span class="name">Installing on multiple drives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.10.9.4.7"><span class="number">4.8 </span><span class="name">Mount options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.10.9.5.5"><span class="number">4.9 </span><span class="name">Keeping partitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.10.9.5.9"><span class="number">4.10 </span><span class="name">Auto-detection of partitions to be kept.</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.10.10.3"><span class="number">4.11 </span><span class="name">Create LVM physical volume</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.10.10.4"><span class="number">4.12 </span><span class="name">LVM logical volumes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.10.11.9"><span class="number">4.13 </span><span class="name">RAID10 configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.10.11.11"><span class="number">4.14 </span><span class="name">RAID10 without partitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.10.11.12.6"><span class="number">4.15 </span><span class="name">Old style RAID10 configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#multipath-example"><span class="number">4.16 </span><span class="name">Using multipath devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#multipath-ll-output"><span class="number">4.17 </span><span class="name">Listing multipath devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#multipath-wwid-example"><span class="number">4.18 </span><span class="name">Using the WWID to identify a multipath device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.10.13.6"><span class="number">4.19 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">bcache</code> definition</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.10.14.6"><span class="number">4.20 </span><span class="name">Multi-device Btrfs configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.10.15.4"><span class="number">4.21 </span><span class="name">NFS share definition</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.10.16.3"><span class="number">4.22 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">tmpfs</code> definition</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.11.4"><span class="number">4.23 </span><span class="name">iSCSI client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.12.4"><span class="number">4.24 </span><span class="name">FCoE configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.13.4"><span class="number">4.25 </span><span class="name">Language</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.13.8"><span class="number">4.26 </span><span class="name">Time zone</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.13.10"><span class="number">4.27 </span><span class="name">Keyboard</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.14.4.5"><span class="number">4.28 </span><span class="name">Explicit product selection</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.14.5.3"><span class="number">4.29 </span><span class="name">Package selection in the control file with patterns and packages sections</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ay-packages-selection-using-a-regexp"><span class="number">4.30 </span><span class="name">Packages selection using a regular expression</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.14.6.5"><span class="number">4.31 </span><span class="name">Creating a package database with the additional package inst-source-utils.rpm</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.14.6.10"><span class="number">4.32 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">add_on_products.xml</code>
      </span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.14.6.15"><span class="number">4.33 </span><span class="name">Adding the SDK extension and a user defined repository</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.14.7.4"><span class="number">4.34 </span><span class="name">Kernel selection in the control file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.14.8.4"><span class="number">4.35 </span><span class="name">Package selection in control file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.15.6"><span class="number">4.36 </span><span class="name">Upgrade and backup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.16.8"><span class="number">4.37 </span><span class="name">Configuring services and targets</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ay-network-config-general"><span class="number">4.38 </span><span class="name">Network configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ay-network-config-bond"><span class="number">4.39 </span><span class="name">Bonding interface configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ay-network-config-bridge"><span class="number">4.40 </span><span class="name">Bridge interface configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ay-network-config-aliases"><span class="number">4.41 </span><span class="name">Multiple IP Addresses</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.17.7.5"><span class="number">4.42 </span><span class="name">Assigning a persistent name using the MAC address</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ay-network-routing"><span class="number">4.43 </span><span class="name">Network routing configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.18.5"><span class="number">4.44 </span><span class="name">Network configuration: proxy</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.19.4"><span class="number">4.45 </span><span class="name">Network configuration: NIS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.20.4"><span class="number">4.46 </span><span class="name">NIS server configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.21.4"><span class="number">4.47 </span><span class="name">/etc/hosts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.22.4"><span class="number">4.48 </span><span class="name">Samba client configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.23.4"><span class="number">4.49 </span><span class="name">Samba server configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.25.6"><span class="number">4.50 </span><span class="name">Network configuration: NFS client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.25.7"><span class="number">4.51 </span><span class="name">Network configuration: NFS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.26.5"><span class="number">4.52 </span><span class="name">Network configuration: NTP client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.27.4"><span class="number">4.53 </span><span class="name">Mail configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.28.5"><span class="number">4.54 </span><span class="name">HTTP server configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.29.4"><span class="number">4.55 </span><span class="name">Squid server configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.30.4"><span class="number">4.56 </span><span class="name">FTP server configuration:</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.31.6"><span class="number">4.57 </span><span class="name">TFTP server configuration:</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.32.4"><span class="number">4.58 </span><span class="name">Enabling firstboot workflow</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.33.5"><span class="number">4.59 </span><span class="name">Security configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.33.11.7"><span class="number">4.60 </span><span class="name">Select the <span class="orgname">Defense Information Systems Agency</span> Security Technical Implementation Guide</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.34.4"><span class="number">4.61 </span><span class="name">LAF configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.35.3.3"><span class="number">4.62 </span><span class="name">Minimal user configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.35.3.5"><span class="number">4.63 </span><span class="name">Complex user configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.35.5.3"><span class="number">4.64 </span><span class="name">Group configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.35.6.3"><span class="number">4.65 </span><span class="name">Enabling autologin and password-less login</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.36.13.2"><span class="number">4.66 </span><span class="name">Script configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.37.5"><span class="number">4.67 </span><span class="name">Sysconfig configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.38.9"><span class="number">4.68 </span><span class="name">Dumping files into the installed system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.38.11"><span class="number">4.69 </span><span class="name">Dumping files into the installed system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.40.8"><span class="number">4.70 </span><span class="name">Kdump configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.40.10"><span class="number">4.71 </span><span class="name">Disabled Kdump configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.40.11.8"><span class="number">4.72 </span><span class="name">Kdump memory reservation with multiple values</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.41.5"><span class="number">4.73 </span><span class="name">Basic DNS server settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.41.8"><span class="number">4.74 </span><span class="name">Configuring DNS server zones and advanced settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.42.5"><span class="number">4.75 </span><span class="name">Example dhcp-server section</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.43.8.3"><span class="number">4.76 </span><span class="name">Example firewall section</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#printer-conf"><span class="number">4.77 </span><span class="name">Printer configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.44.6.3"><span class="number">4.78 </span><span class="name">Sound configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#import-ssh"><span class="number">4.79 </span><span class="name">Importing SSH keys and configuration from /dev/sda2</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#configuration-management-manual-authentication"><span class="number">4.80 </span><span class="name">Client/server with manual authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#configuration-management-preseed-keys"><span class="number">4.81 </span><span class="name">Client/server with preseed keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#configuration-management-masterless"><span class="number">4.82 </span><span class="name">Stand-alone mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.6.3.6.13.2"><span class="number">6.1 </span><span class="name">Simple rules file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.6.3.6.13.7"><span class="number">6.2 </span><span class="name">Simple rules file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#simple-erb"><span class="number">7.1 </span><span class="name">Including a file using ERB</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.6.4.5.6"><span class="number">7.2 </span><span class="name">Running commands with Ruby</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.6.4.5.8"><span class="number">7.3 </span><span class="name">Using Ruby structures</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.6.4.6.3.3"><span class="number">7.4 </span><span class="name">Configuring the boot loader</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.6.4.6.4.5"><span class="number">7.5 </span><span class="name">Using the largest disk</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.6.4.6.5.5"><span class="number">7.6 </span><span class="name">Configure the connected network cards</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.6.4.6.6.5"><span class="number">7.7 </span><span class="name">Reusing the same profile for different distributions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.6.4.6.7.3"><span class="number">7.8 </span><span class="name">Filtering USB devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.6.4.7.3"><span class="number">7.9 </span><span class="name">Running helpers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.6.4.8.3"><span class="number">7.10 </span><span class="name">Rendering profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.6.4.9.3"><span class="number">7.11 </span><span class="name">Preparing the debug environment</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.6.4.9.5"><span class="number">7.12 </span><span class="name">Adding a breakpoint</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.6.4.10.3"><span class="number">7.13 </span><span class="name">Rules and classes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.6.4.10.4"><span class="number">7.14 </span><span class="name">ERB</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#combining-erb-and-scripts"><span class="number">8.1 </span><span class="name">Using the MAC address to get the profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ruby-script-erb-helpers"><span class="number">8.2 </span><span class="name">Accessing ERB helpers from a Ruby script</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.7.2.5.3.25"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Determine HEX code for an IP address</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.7.2.5.5.4"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">linuxrc</code> Options in the AutoYaST control file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ay-12vs15-software-scc"><span class="number">D.1 </span><span class="name">Adding modules and extensions (online)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ay-12vs15-software-packagemedia"><span class="number">D.2 </span><span class="name">Adding modules and extensions (offline)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ay-12vs15-partitioning-default-subvolume"><span class="number">D.3 </span><span class="name">Specifying the Btrfs default subvolume name</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ay-12vs15-partitioning-disabling-btrfs-subvolumes"><span class="number">D.4 </span><span class="name">Disabling Btrfs subvolumes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ay-12vs15-firewall-zones-default-deprecated"><span class="number">D.5 </span><span class="name">Assigning zones: default configuration (deprecated syntax)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ay-12vs15-firewall-zones-default-supported"><span class="number">D.6 </span><span class="name">Assigning zones: default configuration (SLE 15 syntax)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ay-12vs15-firewall-masq-deprecated"><span class="number">D.7 </span><span class="name">Masquerading and protecting internal zones (deprecated syntax)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ay-12vs15-firewall-masq-supported"><span class="number">D.8 </span><span class="name">Masquerading and protecting internal zones (SLE 15 syntax)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ay-12vs15-firewall-ports-deprecated"><span class="number">D.9 </span><span class="name">Opening ports (deprecated syntax)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ay-12vs15-firewall-ports-supported"><span class="number">D.10 </span><span class="name">Opening ports (SLE 15 syntax)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ay-12vs15-firewall-services-deprecated"><span class="number">D.11 </span><span class="name">
      Opening Services (Deprecated Syntax)
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-autoyast/index.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-autoyast/index.html
index a262c63bb1..d64ccb6877 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-autoyast/index.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-autoyast/index.html
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@
      of <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span> systems. It uses an AutoYaST profile that contains installation
      and configuration data. The book guides you through the basic steps of
      auto-installation: preparation, installation, and configuration.
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-autoyast.html" target="_blank">Revision History: AutoYaST Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-autoyast.html" target="_blank">Revision History: AutoYaST Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="#ay-preface"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.7.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.7.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.7.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.7.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-intro-to-autoyast"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to AutoYaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#motiv"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Motivation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#overviewandconcept"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Overview and concept</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-control"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Understanding and creating the AutoYaST control file</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-autoyast-control-file"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">The AutoYaST control file</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Profile-Intro"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Profile-Format"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Format</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Profile-Structure"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Structure</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-autoyast-create-control-file"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Creating an AutoYaST control file</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Autoinstallation-collectInfo"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Collecting information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-CMS"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using the configuration management system (CMS)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-Manual"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Creating/editing a control file manually</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-XSLT"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a control file via script with XSLT</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#check-profile"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">Checking a control file</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-configuration"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">AutoYaST configuration examples</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-configuration-installation-options"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration and installation options</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-General"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">General options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-Reporting"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Reporting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-Register"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">System registration and extension selection</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-Bootloader"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">The boot loader</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-Partitioning"><span class="title-number">4.5 </span><span class="title-name">Partitioning</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-Iscsi-client"><span class="title-number">4.6 </span><span class="title-name">iSCSI initiator overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-fcoe-client"><span class="title-number">4.7 </span><span class="title-name">Fibre channel over Ethernet configuration (FCoE)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-Country"><span class="title-number">4.8 </span><span class="title-name">Country settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-Software"><span class="title-number">4.9 </span><span class="title-name">Software</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-upgrade"><span class="title-number">4.10 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrade</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-Services"><span class="title-number">4.11 </span><span class="title-name">Services and targets</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-Network"><span class="title-number">4.12 </span><span class="title-name">Network configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Configuration-Network-Proxy"><span class="title-number">4.13 </span><span class="title-name">Proxy</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Configuration-Network-NIS"><span class="title-number">4.14 </span><span class="title-name">NIS client and server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Configuration-Network-NIS-Server"><span class="title-number">4.15 </span><span class="title-name">NIS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Configuration-Network-Host"><span class="title-number">4.16 </span><span class="title-name">Hosts definition</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Configuration-Network-Samba-client"><span class="title-number">4.17 </span><span class="title-name">Windows domain membership</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Configuration-Network-Samba-server"><span class="title-number">4.18 </span><span class="title-name">Samba server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Configuration-Network-Auth"><span class="title-number">4.19 </span><span class="title-name">Authentication client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#ay-nfs"><span class="title-number">4.20 </span><span class="title-name">NFS client and server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Configuration-Network-Ntp"><span class="title-number">4.21 </span><span class="title-name">NTP client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Configuration-Network-Sendmail"><span class="title-number">4.22 </span><span class="title-name">Mail server configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Configuration-Network-apache"><span class="title-number">4.23 </span><span class="title-name">Apache HTTP server configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Configuration-Network-Squid"><span class="title-number">4.24 </span><span class="title-name">Squid server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Configuration-Network-Ftp"><span class="title-number">4.25 </span><span class="title-name">FTP server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Configuration-Network-Tftp"><span class="title-number">4.26 </span><span class="title-name">TFTP server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-Firstboot"><span class="title-number">4.27 </span><span class="title-name">Firstboot workflow</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-Security"><span class="title-number">4.28 </span><span class="title-name">Security settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-Security-laf"><span class="title-number">4.29 </span><span class="title-name">Linux audit framework (LAF)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Configuration-Security-users-and-groups"><span class="title-number">4.30 </span><span class="title-name">Users and groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#createprofile-scripts"><span class="title-number">4.31 </span><span class="title-name">Custom user scripts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#createprofile-sysconfig"><span class="title-number">4.32 </span><span class="title-name">System variables (sysconfig)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#createprofile-completeconf"><span class="title-number">4.33 </span><span class="title-name">Adding complete configurations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-Ask"><span class="title-number">4.34 </span><span class="title-name">Ask the user for values during installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-kdump"><span class="title-number">4.35 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel dumps</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-dns-server"><span class="title-number">4.36 </span><span class="title-name">DNS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-dhcp-server"><span class="title-number">4.37 </span><span class="title-name">DHCP server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-firewall"><span class="title-number">4.38 </span><span class="title-name">Firewall configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-Hardware"><span class="title-number">4.39 </span><span class="title-name">Miscellaneous hardware and system components</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-SSHKeysAndConfig"><span class="title-number">4.40 </span><span class="title-name">Importing SSH keys and configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#CreateProfile-ConfigurationManagement"><span class="title-number">4.41 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration management</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-dynamic-profiles"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Managing mass installations with dynamic profiles</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#dynamic-profiles"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Supported approaches to dynamic profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#rulesandclass"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Rules and classes</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#rules"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Rule-based automatic installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#classes"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Classes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#mixinfrulesclasses"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Mixing rules and classes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#merging"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">Merging of rules and classes</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#erb-templates"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">ERB templates</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#erb"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">What is ERB?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#erb-helpers"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Template helpers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#erb-running-helpers"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Running ERB helpers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#erb-rendering-profile"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Rendering ERB profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#erb-debugging-erb"><span class="title-number">7.5 </span><span class="title-name">Debugging ERB profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#erb-comparison"><span class="title-number">7.6 </span><span class="title-name">ERB compared to rules and classes</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#pre-scripts"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Combining ERB templates and scripts</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#erb-and-scripts"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Embedding ERB in your scripts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#erb-helpers-in-scripts"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing ERB helpers from Ruby scripts</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#id-1.7.7"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Understanding the auto-installation process</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#Invoking"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">The auto-installation process</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#Installation-process"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#bootmedium"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Choosing the right boot medium</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#invoking-autoinst"><span class="title-number">9.3 </span><span class="title-name">Invoking the auto-installation process</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#System-Configuration"><span class="title-number">9.4 </span><span class="title-name">System configuration</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#id-1.7.8"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Uses for AutoYaST on installed systems</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#InstalledSystem"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Running AutoYaST in an installed system</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#id-1.7.9"><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">Appendixes</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#handlingrules"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">Handling rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#app-ay-faq"><span class="title-number">B </span><span class="title-name">AutoYaST FAQ—frequently asked questions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#appendix-linuxrc"><span class="title-number">C </span><span class="title-name">Advanced <code class="command">linuxrc</code> options</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#ay-cmd-parameters"><span class="title-number">C.1 </span><span class="title-name">Passing parameters to <code class="command">linuxrc</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#info-file-format"><span class="title-number">C.2 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="filename">info</code> file format</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#ay-adv-network"><span class="title-number">C.3 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced network setup</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#appendix-ay-12vs15"><span class="title-number">D </span><span class="title-name">Differences between AutoYaST profiles in SLE 12 and 15</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ay-12vs15-product-selection"><span class="title-number">D.1 </span><span class="title-name">Product selection</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ay-12vs15-software"><span class="title-number">D.2 </span><span class="title-name">Software</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ay-12vs15-registration"><span class="title-number">D.3 </span><span class="title-name">Registration of module and extension dependencies</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ay-12vs15-partitioning"><span class="title-number">D.4 </span><span class="title-name">Partitioning</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ay-12vs15-firewall"><span class="title-number">D.5 </span><span class="title-name">Firewall configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ay-12vs15-ntp"><span class="title-number">D.6 </span><span class="title-name">NTP configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ay-12vs15-2nd-stage"><span class="title-number">D.7 </span><span class="title-name">AutoYaST packages are needed for the second stage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ay-12vs15-ca"><span class="title-number">D.8 </span><span class="title-name">The CA management module has been dropped</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ay-12vs15-upgrade"><span class="title-number">D.9 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrade</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#id-1.7.9.6"><span class="title-number">E </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.7.9.6.4"><span class="title-number">E.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.7.4.3.4.4"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">Configuration system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#partitioning-keep1"><span class="number">4.1 </span><span class="name">Keeping partitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#rules-fig1"><span class="number">6.1 </span><span class="name">Rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.7.6.3.7.9"><span class="number">6.2 </span><span class="name">Defining classes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#rulesflow"><span class="number">A.1 </span><span class="name">Rules retrieval process</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.7.6.3.6.18.4"><span class="number">6.1 </span><span class="name">System attributes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.7.9.4.9.7"><span class="number">C.1 </span><span class="name">Advanced <code class="command">linuxrc</code> keywords</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.7.9.5.7.4"><span class="number">D.1 </span><span class="name">AutoYaST firewall configuration in SLE 15: backward compatibility</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.7.9.5.7.8.3"><span class="number">D.2 </span><span class="name">Mapping of SuSEfirewall2 and <code class="systemitem">firewalld</code> zones</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.4.2.4.5"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">AutoYaST control file (profile)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.4.2.5.3"><span class="number">2.2 </span><span class="name">Control file container</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.4.2.5.6.4"><span class="number">2.3 </span><span class="name">Nested resources</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.4.2.5.7.4"><span class="number">2.4 </span><span class="name">An empty map</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.4.3.6.4"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">Example file for replacing the host name/domain by script</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-general-common"><span class="number">4.1 </span><span class="name">General options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.7.5"><span class="number">4.2 </span><span class="name">Reporting behavior</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#example-lvm-guided"><span class="number">4.3 </span><span class="name">LVM-based guided partitioning</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#example-partitioning"><span class="number">4.4 </span><span class="name">Creating <code class="literal">/</code>, <code class="literal">/home</code> and <code class="literal">swap</code> partitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.10.8.10.4"><span class="number">4.5 </span><span class="name">Using a whole disk as a file system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.10.8.11.3"><span class="number">4.6 </span><span class="name">Automated partitioning on selected drives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.10.8.11.5"><span class="number">4.7 </span><span class="name">Installing on multiple drives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.10.9.4.7"><span class="number">4.8 </span><span class="name">Mount options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.10.9.5.5"><span class="number">4.9 </span><span class="name">Keeping partitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.10.9.5.9"><span class="number">4.10 </span><span class="name">Auto-detection of partitions to be kept.</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.10.10.3"><span class="number">4.11 </span><span class="name">Create LVM physical volume</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.10.10.4"><span class="number">4.12 </span><span class="name">LVM logical volumes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.10.11.9"><span class="number">4.13 </span><span class="name">RAID10 configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.10.11.11"><span class="number">4.14 </span><span class="name">RAID10 without partitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.10.11.12.6"><span class="number">4.15 </span><span class="name">Old style RAID10 configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#multipath-example"><span class="number">4.16 </span><span class="name">Using multipath devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#multipath-ll-output"><span class="number">4.17 </span><span class="name">Listing multipath devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#multipath-wwid-example"><span class="number">4.18 </span><span class="name">Using the WWID to identify a multipath device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.10.13.6"><span class="number">4.19 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">bcache</code> definition</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.10.14.6"><span class="number">4.20 </span><span class="name">Multi-device Btrfs configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.10.15.4"><span class="number">4.21 </span><span class="name">NFS share definition</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.10.16.3"><span class="number">4.22 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">tmpfs</code> definition</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.11.4"><span class="number">4.23 </span><span class="name">iSCSI client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.12.4"><span class="number">4.24 </span><span class="name">FCoE configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.13.4"><span class="number">4.25 </span><span class="name">Language</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.13.8"><span class="number">4.26 </span><span class="name">Time zone</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.13.10"><span class="number">4.27 </span><span class="name">Keyboard</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.14.4.5"><span class="number">4.28 </span><span class="name">Explicit product selection</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.14.5.3"><span class="number">4.29 </span><span class="name">Package selection in the control file with patterns and packages sections</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ay-packages-selection-using-a-regexp"><span class="number">4.30 </span><span class="name">Packages selection using a regular expression</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.14.6.5"><span class="number">4.31 </span><span class="name">Creating a package database with the additional package inst-source-utils.rpm</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.14.6.10"><span class="number">4.32 </span><span class="name"><code class="filename">add_on_products.xml</code>
      </span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.14.6.15"><span class="number">4.33 </span><span class="name">Adding the SDK extension and a user defined repository</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.14.7.4"><span class="number">4.34 </span><span class="name">Kernel selection in the control file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.14.8.4"><span class="number">4.35 </span><span class="name">Package selection in control file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.15.6"><span class="number">4.36 </span><span class="name">Upgrade and backup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.16.8"><span class="number">4.37 </span><span class="name">Configuring services and targets</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ay-network-config-general"><span class="number">4.38 </span><span class="name">Network configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ay-network-config-bond"><span class="number">4.39 </span><span class="name">Bonding interface configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ay-network-config-bridge"><span class="number">4.40 </span><span class="name">Bridge interface configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ay-network-config-aliases"><span class="number">4.41 </span><span class="name">Multiple IP Addresses</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.17.7.5"><span class="number">4.42 </span><span class="name">Assigning a persistent name using the MAC address</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ay-network-routing"><span class="number">4.43 </span><span class="name">Network routing configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.18.5"><span class="number">4.44 </span><span class="name">Network configuration: proxy</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.19.4"><span class="number">4.45 </span><span class="name">Network configuration: NIS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.20.4"><span class="number">4.46 </span><span class="name">NIS server configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.21.4"><span class="number">4.47 </span><span class="name">/etc/hosts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.22.4"><span class="number">4.48 </span><span class="name">Samba client configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.23.4"><span class="number">4.49 </span><span class="name">Samba server configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.25.6"><span class="number">4.50 </span><span class="name">Network configuration: NFS client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.25.7"><span class="number">4.51 </span><span class="name">Network configuration: NFS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.26.5"><span class="number">4.52 </span><span class="name">Network configuration: NTP client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.27.4"><span class="number">4.53 </span><span class="name">Mail configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.28.5"><span class="number">4.54 </span><span class="name">HTTP server configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.29.4"><span class="number">4.55 </span><span class="name">Squid server configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.30.4"><span class="number">4.56 </span><span class="name">FTP server configuration:</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.31.6"><span class="number">4.57 </span><span class="name">TFTP server configuration:</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.32.4"><span class="number">4.58 </span><span class="name">Enabling firstboot workflow</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.33.5"><span class="number">4.59 </span><span class="name">Security configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.33.11.7"><span class="number">4.60 </span><span class="name">Select the <span class="orgname">Defense Information Systems Agency</span> Security Technical Implementation Guide</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.34.4"><span class="number">4.61 </span><span class="name">LAF configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.35.3.3"><span class="number">4.62 </span><span class="name">Minimal user configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.35.3.5"><span class="number">4.63 </span><span class="name">Complex user configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.35.5.3"><span class="number">4.64 </span><span class="name">Group configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.35.6.3"><span class="number">4.65 </span><span class="name">Enabling autologin and password-less login</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.36.13.2"><span class="number">4.66 </span><span class="name">Script configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.37.5"><span class="number">4.67 </span><span class="name">Sysconfig configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.38.9"><span class="number">4.68 </span><span class="name">Dumping files into the installed system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.38.11"><span class="number">4.69 </span><span class="name">Dumping files into the installed system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.40.8"><span class="number">4.70 </span><span class="name">Kdump configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.40.10"><span class="number">4.71 </span><span class="name">Disabled Kdump configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.40.11.8"><span class="number">4.72 </span><span class="name">Kdump memory reservation with multiple values</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.41.5"><span class="number">4.73 </span><span class="name">Basic DNS server settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.41.8"><span class="number">4.74 </span><span class="name">Configuring DNS server zones and advanced settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.42.5"><span class="number">4.75 </span><span class="name">Example dhcp-server section</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.43.8.3"><span class="number">4.76 </span><span class="name">Example firewall section</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#printer-conf"><span class="number">4.77 </span><span class="name">Printer configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.5.2.44.6.3"><span class="number">4.78 </span><span class="name">Sound configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#import-ssh"><span class="number">4.79 </span><span class="name">Importing SSH keys and configuration from /dev/sda2</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#configuration-management-manual-authentication"><span class="number">4.80 </span><span class="name">Client/server with manual authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#configuration-management-preseed-keys"><span class="number">4.81 </span><span class="name">Client/server with preseed keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#configuration-management-masterless"><span class="number">4.82 </span><span class="name">Stand-alone mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.6.3.6.13.2"><span class="number">6.1 </span><span class="name">Simple rules file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.6.3.6.13.7"><span class="number">6.2 </span><span class="name">Simple rules file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#simple-erb"><span class="number">7.1 </span><span class="name">Including a file using ERB</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.6.4.5.6"><span class="number">7.2 </span><span class="name">Running commands with Ruby</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.6.4.5.8"><span class="number">7.3 </span><span class="name">Using Ruby structures</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.6.4.6.3.3"><span class="number">7.4 </span><span class="name">Configuring the boot loader</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.6.4.6.4.5"><span class="number">7.5 </span><span class="name">Using the largest disk</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.6.4.6.5.5"><span class="number">7.6 </span><span class="name">Configure the connected network cards</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.6.4.6.6.5"><span class="number">7.7 </span><span class="name">Reusing the same profile for different distributions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.6.4.6.7.3"><span class="number">7.8 </span><span class="name">Filtering USB devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.6.4.7.3"><span class="number">7.9 </span><span class="name">Running helpers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.6.4.8.3"><span class="number">7.10 </span><span class="name">Rendering profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.6.4.9.3"><span class="number">7.11 </span><span class="name">Preparing the debug environment</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.6.4.9.5"><span class="number">7.12 </span><span class="name">Adding a breakpoint</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.6.4.10.3"><span class="number">7.13 </span><span class="name">Rules and classes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.6.4.10.4"><span class="number">7.14 </span><span class="name">ERB</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#combining-erb-and-scripts"><span class="number">8.1 </span><span class="name">Using the MAC address to get the profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ruby-script-erb-helpers"><span class="number">8.2 </span><span class="name">Accessing ERB helpers from a Ruby script</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.7.2.5.3.25"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Determine HEX code for an IP address</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.7.7.2.5.5.4"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">linuxrc</code> Options in the AutoYaST control file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ay-12vs15-software-scc"><span class="number">D.1 </span><span class="name">Adding modules and extensions (online)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ay-12vs15-software-packagemedia"><span class="number">D.2 </span><span class="name">Adding modules and extensions (offline)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ay-12vs15-partitioning-default-subvolume"><span class="number">D.3 </span><span class="name">Specifying the Btrfs default subvolume name</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ay-12vs15-partitioning-disabling-btrfs-subvolumes"><span class="number">D.4 </span><span class="name">Disabling Btrfs subvolumes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ay-12vs15-firewall-zones-default-deprecated"><span class="number">D.5 </span><span class="name">Assigning zones: default configuration (deprecated syntax)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ay-12vs15-firewall-zones-default-supported"><span class="number">D.6 </span><span class="name">Assigning zones: default configuration (SLE 15 syntax)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ay-12vs15-firewall-masq-deprecated"><span class="number">D.7 </span><span class="name">Masquerading and protecting internal zones (deprecated syntax)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ay-12vs15-firewall-masq-supported"><span class="number">D.8 </span><span class="name">Masquerading and protecting internal zones (SLE 15 syntax)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ay-12vs15-firewall-ports-deprecated"><span class="number">D.9 </span><span class="name">Opening ports (deprecated syntax)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ay-12vs15-firewall-ports-supported"><span class="number">D.10 </span><span class="name">Opening ports (SLE 15 syntax)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ay-12vs15-firewall-services-deprecated"><span class="number">D.11 </span><span class="name">
      Opening Services (Deprecated Syntax)
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-deployment/book-deployment_draft.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-deployment/book-deployment_draft.html
index 8d4b75cacf..d581433315 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-deployment/book-deployment_draft.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-deployment/book-deployment_draft.html
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@
     This guide details how to install single or multiple
      systems, and how to exploit the product-inherent capabilities for a deployment
      infrastructure.
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-deployment.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Deployment Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-deployment.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Deployment Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="#preface-deployment"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.4.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.4.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.4.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.4.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-prep"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Installation preparation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-planning"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Planning for <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-planning-start"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Considerations for deployment of <span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-planning-deploy"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Deployment of <span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-planning-running"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Running <span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-planning-registering"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">Registering <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-planning-leanos"><span class="title-number">1.5 </span><span class="title-name">Changes in installation from SUSE Linux Enterprise Server version 15</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-x86"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation on AMD64 and Intel 64</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-x86-requirements"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-x86-prep-considerations"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation considerations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-x86-prep-installation-methods"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installation methods</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-x86-media"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Booting the system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-bootproblem"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Dealing with boot and installation problems</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-aarch64"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Installation on AArch64</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-aarch64-sysreqs"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-aarch64-prep-considerations"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation considerations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-aarch64-prep-installation-methods"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Controlling the installation process</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-aarch64-media"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Booting the system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-bootproblem-aarch64"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">Dealing with boot and installation problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-aarch64-deprpi"><span class="title-number">3.6 </span><span class="title-name">Raspberry Pi</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-power"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Installation on IBM POWER</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-power-requirements"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-power-install"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for POWER</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-power-install-procedure"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-power-info"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-zseries"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Installation on IBM Z and LinuxONE</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-zseries-requirements"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">System requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-zseries-information"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">General information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-zseries-prep"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Preparing for installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-zseries-prep-secure-boot"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Secure boot</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-appdendix-parm"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">The parmfile—automating the system configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-appdendix-vt220"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Using the vt220 terminal emulator</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-appdendix-further-information"><span class="title-number">5.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-kiso"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Installation on hardware not supported at release</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-kiso-download"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Download kernel update</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-kiso-boot"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Boot kernel update</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-deployment"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Installation procedure</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-boot-parameters"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Boot parameters</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-parameters-default"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using the default boot parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-parameters-start-x86-64"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">PC (AMD64/Intel 64/AArch64)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-parameters-list"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">List of important boot parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-parameters-advanced"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced setups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-parameters-zseries"><span class="title-number">7.5 </span><span class="title-name">IBM Z</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-parameters-more-information"><span class="title-number">7.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-install"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Installation steps</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-install-overview"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-install-self-update"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installer self-update</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-install-welcome"><span class="title-number">8.3 </span><span class="title-name">
    <span class="phrase">Language, keyboard, and product selection</span>
    
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-deployment/index.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-deployment/index.html
index 8d4b75cacf..d581433315 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-deployment/index.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-deployment/index.html
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@
     This guide details how to install single or multiple
      systems, and how to exploit the product-inherent capabilities for a deployment
      infrastructure.
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-deployment.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Deployment Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-deployment.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Deployment Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="#preface-deployment"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.4.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.4.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.4.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.4.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-prep"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Installation preparation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-planning"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Planning for <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-planning-start"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Considerations for deployment of <span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-planning-deploy"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Deployment of <span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-planning-running"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Running <span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-planning-registering"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">Registering <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-planning-leanos"><span class="title-number">1.5 </span><span class="title-name">Changes in installation from SUSE Linux Enterprise Server version 15</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-x86"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation on AMD64 and Intel 64</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-x86-requirements"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-x86-prep-considerations"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation considerations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-x86-prep-installation-methods"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installation methods</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-x86-media"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Booting the system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-bootproblem"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Dealing with boot and installation problems</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-aarch64"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Installation on AArch64</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-aarch64-sysreqs"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-aarch64-prep-considerations"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation considerations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-aarch64-prep-installation-methods"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Controlling the installation process</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-aarch64-media"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Booting the system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-bootproblem-aarch64"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">Dealing with boot and installation problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-aarch64-deprpi"><span class="title-number">3.6 </span><span class="title-name">Raspberry Pi</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-power"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Installation on IBM POWER</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-power-requirements"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-power-install"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for POWER</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-power-install-procedure"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-power-info"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-zseries"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Installation on IBM Z and LinuxONE</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-zseries-requirements"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">System requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-zseries-information"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">General information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-zseries-prep"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Preparing for installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-zseries-prep-secure-boot"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Secure boot</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-appdendix-parm"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">The parmfile—automating the system configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-appdendix-vt220"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Using the vt220 terminal emulator</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-appdendix-further-information"><span class="title-number">5.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-kiso"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Installation on hardware not supported at release</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-kiso-download"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Download kernel update</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-kiso-boot"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Boot kernel update</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-deployment"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Installation procedure</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-boot-parameters"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Boot parameters</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-parameters-default"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using the default boot parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-parameters-start-x86-64"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">PC (AMD64/Intel 64/AArch64)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-parameters-list"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">List of important boot parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-parameters-advanced"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced setups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-parameters-zseries"><span class="title-number">7.5 </span><span class="title-name">IBM Z</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-boot-parameters-more-information"><span class="title-number">7.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-install"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Installation steps</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-install-overview"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-install-self-update"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installer self-update</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-yast-install-welcome"><span class="title-number">8.3 </span><span class="title-name">
    <span class="phrase">Language, keyboard, and product selection</span>
    
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-gnome-user/book-gnome-user_draft.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-gnome-user/book-gnome-user_draft.html
index b8091e039e..424437f201 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-gnome-user/book-gnome-user_draft.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-gnome-user/book-gnome-user_draft.html
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_gnome-user.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#book-gnome-user">GNOME User Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-gnome-user" data-id-title="GNOME User Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">GNOME User Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_gnome-user.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p>
     This guide introduces the GNOME desktop of <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span>.
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-gnome-user.html" target="_blank">Revision History: GNOME User Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-gnome-user.html" target="_blank">Revision History: GNOME User Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="#pre-gnome-about"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.6.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.6.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.6.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.6.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-gnome-desktop"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnomeuser-start"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Getting started with the GNOME desktop</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-login"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Logging in</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-desktop"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Desktop basics</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-start-logout"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Pausing or finishing your session</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnomeuser-use"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Working with your desktop</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-nautilus"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Managing files and directories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-media"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing removable media</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-search-files"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Searching for files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-cutnpaste"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Copying text between applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-connections"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Managing Internet connections</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-internet"><span class="title-number">2.6 </span><span class="title-name">Exploring the Internet</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-mail"><span class="title-number">2.7 </span><span class="title-name">E-mail and scheduling</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-oo"><span class="title-number">2.8 </span><span class="title-name">Opening or creating documents with LibreOffice</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-power-mgmt"><span class="title-number">2.9 </span><span class="title-name">Controlling your desktop’s power management</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-archives"><span class="title-number">2.10 </span><span class="title-name">Creating, displaying, and decompressing archives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-screnshots"><span class="title-number">2.11 </span><span class="title-name">Taking screenshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-pdfs"><span class="title-number">2.12 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing PDF files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-updates"><span class="title-number">2.13 </span><span class="title-name">Obtaining software updates</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-more"><span class="title-number">2.14 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnome-settings"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing your settings</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-look-deskback"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the desktop background</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-lang"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring language settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-keyboard"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the keyboard</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-xmodmap"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using <span class="productname">XCompose</span> to type special
         characters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-bluetooth"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring Bluetooth settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-power"><span class="title-number">3.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring power settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-mouse"><span class="title-number">3.7 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the mouse and touchpad</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-printer"><span class="title-number">3.8 </span><span class="title-name">Installing and configuring printers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-screen"><span class="title-number">3.9 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring screens</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-audio"><span class="title-number">3.10 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring sound settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-prefapps"><span class="title-number">3.11 </span><span class="title-name">Setting default applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-share"><span class="title-number">3.12 </span><span class="title-name">Setting session sharing preferences</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnome-accessibility"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Assistive technologies</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-general-accessibility-enable"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling assistive technologies</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-general-accessibility-visual"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Visual assistance</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-general-accessibility-hearing"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Hearing assistance</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-general-accessibility-mobility"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">Keyboard and mouse</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-general-accessibility-more"><span class="title-number">4.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-gnome-manage"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Connectivity, files and resources</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnome-network"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing network resources</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-start-network-connect"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Connecting to a network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-network-general"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">General notes on file sharing and network browsing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-network-accshare"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing network shares</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-network-smbshare"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Sharing directories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-network-ad-data"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">Managing Windows files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-network-ad-printer"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring and accessing a Windows network printer</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnome-print"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing printers</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-print-inst"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installing a printer</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.6.4.4.5"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying printer settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.6.4.4.6"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Canceling print jobs</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-userbackup"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Backing up user data</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-backup-config"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring backups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-backup-start"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating backups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-userbackup-restore"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Restoring data</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Passwords and Keys</span>: signing and encrypting data</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-crypto-sign-encrypt"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Signing and encryption</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto-gen-key"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Generating a new key pair</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto-modify-key"><span class="title-number">8.3 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying key properties</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto-import-key"><span class="title-number">8.4 </span><span class="title-name">Importing keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto-export-key"><span class="title-number">8.5 </span><span class="title-name">Exporting keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto-sign-key"><span class="title-number">8.6 </span><span class="title-name">Signing a key</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto-prefs-keyrings"><span class="title-number">8.7 </span><span class="title-name">Password keyrings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto-prefs-servers"><span class="title-number">8.8 </span><span class="title-name">Key servers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto-prefs-sharing"><span class="title-number">8.9 </span><span class="title-name">Key sharing</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-lo"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-lo-oview"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice: the office suite</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-oview-modules"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-oview-start"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Starting LibreOffice</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-interface"><span class="title-number">9.3 </span><span class="title-name">The LibreOffice user interface</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-oview-migration"><span class="title-number">9.4 </span><span class="title-name">Compatibility with other office applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-oview-passwd"><span class="title-number">9.5 </span><span class="title-name">Saving files with a password</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-oview-cust"><span class="title-number">9.6 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing LibreOffice</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-oview-global"><span class="title-number">9.7 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the global settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-oview-templates"><span class="title-number">9.8 </span><span class="title-name">Using templates</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-overview-properties"><span class="title-number">9.9 </span><span class="title-name">Setting metadata and properties</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-oview-help"><span class="title-number">9.10 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-lo-writer"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Writer</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-writer-createnew"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a new document</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-writer-styles"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Formatting with styles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-writer-largedocs"><span class="title-number">10.3 </span><span class="title-name">Working with large documents</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-writer-html"><span class="title-number">10.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using Writer as an HTML editor</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-lo-calc"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Calc</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-calc-createnew"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a new document</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-calc-styles"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using formatting and styles in Calc</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-calc-sheets"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Working with sheets</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-calc-condformat"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Conditional formatting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-calc-grouping"><span class="title-number">11.5 </span><span class="title-name">Grouping and ungrouping cells</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-calc-freezing"><span class="title-number">11.6 </span><span class="title-name">Freezing rows or columns as headers</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-lo-various"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Impress, Base, Draw, and Math</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-various-impress"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using presentations with <span class="productname">Impress</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-various-base"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using databases with <span class="guimenu">Base</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-various-draw"><span class="title-number">12.3 </span><span class="title-name">Creating graphics with <span class="guimenu">Draw</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-various-math"><span class="title-number">12.4 </span><span class="title-name">Creating mathematical formulas with <span class="productname">Math</span>
   </span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-communication"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Internet and communication</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-firefox"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Firefox</span>: browsing the Web</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-start"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">Firefox</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-navigating"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Navigating Web sites</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-findinfo"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">Finding information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-bookmarks"><span class="title-number">13.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing bookmarks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-downloadmanager"><span class="title-number">13.5 </span><span class="title-name">Using the download manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-security"><span class="title-number">13.6 </span><span class="title-name">Security</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-customizing"><span class="title-number">13.7 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing <span class="productname">Firefox</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-printing"><span class="title-number">13.8 </span><span class="title-name">Printing from <span class="productname">Firefox</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">13.9 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnome-evolution"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Evolution</span>: e-mailing and calendaring</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-evolution-first-start"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">Evolution</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-evolution-first-start-setup-assistant"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setup assistant</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-evolution-usage"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Using <span class="productname">Evolution</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-evolution-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnome-pidgin"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Pidgin</span>: instant messaging</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-pidgin-start"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">Pidgin</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-pidgin-configure"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring accounts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-pidgin-buddy-list"><span class="title-number">15.3 </span><span class="title-name">Managing contacts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-pidgin-chat"><span class="title-number">15.4 </span><span class="title-name">Chatting with friends</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-pidgin-more"><span class="title-number">15.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-ekiga"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Ekiga</span>: using voice over IP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ekiga-start"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">Ekiga</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ekiga-configure"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring <span class="productname">Ekiga</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ekiga-ui"><span class="title-number">16.3 </span><span class="title-name">The <span class="productname">Ekiga</span> user interface</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ekiga-firstcall"><span class="title-number">16.4 </span><span class="title-name">Making a call</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ekiga-answer"><span class="title-number">16.5 </span><span class="title-name">Answering a call</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ekiga-calladd"><span class="title-number">16.6 </span><span class="title-name">Using the address book</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ekiga-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">16.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-graphics"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Graphics and multimedia</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gimp"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">GIMP</span>: manipulating graphics</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gimp-graphics"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name">Graphics formats</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gimp-starting"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">GIMP</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gimp-starting-defaultwin"><span class="title-number">17.3 </span><span class="title-name">User interface overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gimp-getstart"><span class="title-number">17.4 </span><span class="title-name">Getting started</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gimp-saving"><span class="title-number">17.5 </span><span class="title-name">Saving and exporting images</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gimp-basics"><span class="title-number">17.6 </span><span class="title-name">Editing images</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gimp-printing"><span class="title-number">17.7 </span><span class="title-name">Printing images</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gimp-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">17.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnome-totem"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">GNOME Videos</span></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-totem-using"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using <span class="guimenu">GNOME Videos</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-totem-prefs"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying <span class="guimenu">GNOME Videos</span> preferences</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#cha-userhelp"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">Help and documentation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-help-onboard-yelp"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using GNOME Help</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-help-furtherdoc"><span class="title-number">A.2 </span><span class="title-name">Additional help resources</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-help-more"><span class="title-number">A.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#id-1.6.9"><span class="title-number">B </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.6.9.4"><span class="title-number">B.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.6.3.3.5.4"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Default GNOME login screen</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.6.3.3.5.6.3.2.2"><span class="number">1.2 </span><span class="name">Default GNOME login screen—session type</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.6.3.3.6.4"><span class="number">1.3 </span><span class="name">GNOME desktop with activities overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.6.3.3.6.5.4.3"><span class="number">1.4 </span><span class="name"><span class="guimenu">Activities</span> overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.6.3.3.6.5.5.2"><span class="number">1.5 </span><span class="name"><span class="guimenu">Application</span> menu for
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 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_gnome-user.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#book-gnome-user">GNOME User Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-gnome-user" data-id-title="GNOME User Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">GNOME User Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_gnome-user.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p>
     This guide introduces the GNOME desktop of <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span>.
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-gnome-user.html" target="_blank">Revision History: GNOME User Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-gnome-user.html" target="_blank">Revision History: GNOME User Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="#pre-gnome-about"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.6.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.6.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.6.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.6.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-gnome-desktop"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnomeuser-start"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Getting started with the GNOME desktop</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-login"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Logging in</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-desktop"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Desktop basics</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-start-logout"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Pausing or finishing your session</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnomeuser-use"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Working with your desktop</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-nautilus"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Managing files and directories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-media"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing removable media</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-search-files"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Searching for files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-cutnpaste"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Copying text between applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-connections"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Managing Internet connections</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-internet"><span class="title-number">2.6 </span><span class="title-name">Exploring the Internet</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-mail"><span class="title-number">2.7 </span><span class="title-name">E-mail and scheduling</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-oo"><span class="title-number">2.8 </span><span class="title-name">Opening or creating documents with LibreOffice</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-power-mgmt"><span class="title-number">2.9 </span><span class="title-name">Controlling your desktop’s power management</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-archives"><span class="title-number">2.10 </span><span class="title-name">Creating, displaying, and decompressing archives</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-screnshots"><span class="title-number">2.11 </span><span class="title-name">Taking screenshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-pdfs"><span class="title-number">2.12 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing PDF files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-updates"><span class="title-number">2.13 </span><span class="title-name">Obtaining software updates</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-use-more"><span class="title-number">2.14 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnome-settings"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing your settings</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-look-deskback"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the desktop background</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-lang"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring language settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-keyboard"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the keyboard</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-xmodmap"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using <span class="productname">XCompose</span> to type special
         characters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-bluetooth"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring Bluetooth settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-power"><span class="title-number">3.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring power settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-mouse"><span class="title-number">3.7 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the mouse and touchpad</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-printer"><span class="title-number">3.8 </span><span class="title-name">Installing and configuring printers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-screen"><span class="title-number">3.9 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring screens</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-hardware-audio"><span class="title-number">3.10 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring sound settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-prefapps"><span class="title-number">3.11 </span><span class="title-name">Setting default applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-settings-share"><span class="title-number">3.12 </span><span class="title-name">Setting session sharing preferences</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnome-accessibility"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Assistive technologies</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-general-accessibility-enable"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling assistive technologies</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-general-accessibility-visual"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Visual assistance</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-general-accessibility-hearing"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Hearing assistance</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-general-accessibility-mobility"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">Keyboard and mouse</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-general-accessibility-more"><span class="title-number">4.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-gnome-manage"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Connectivity, files and resources</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnome-network"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing network resources</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnomeuser-start-network-connect"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Connecting to a network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-network-general"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">General notes on file sharing and network browsing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-network-accshare"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing network shares</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-network-smbshare"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Sharing directories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-network-ad-data"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">Managing Windows files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-network-ad-printer"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring and accessing a Windows network printer</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnome-print"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing printers</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-print-inst"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installing a printer</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.6.4.4.5"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying printer settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.6.4.4.6"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Canceling print jobs</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-userbackup"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Backing up user data</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-backup-config"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring backups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-backup-start"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating backups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-userbackup-restore"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Restoring data</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Passwords and Keys</span>: signing and encrypting data</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-crypto-sign-encrypt"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Signing and encryption</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto-gen-key"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Generating a new key pair</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto-modify-key"><span class="title-number">8.3 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying key properties</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto-import-key"><span class="title-number">8.4 </span><span class="title-name">Importing keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto-export-key"><span class="title-number">8.5 </span><span class="title-name">Exporting keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto-sign-key"><span class="title-number">8.6 </span><span class="title-name">Signing a key</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto-prefs-keyrings"><span class="title-number">8.7 </span><span class="title-name">Password keyrings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto-prefs-servers"><span class="title-number">8.8 </span><span class="title-name">Key servers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-gnome-crypto-prefs-sharing"><span class="title-number">8.9 </span><span class="title-name">Key sharing</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-lo"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-lo-oview"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice: the office suite</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-oview-modules"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-oview-start"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Starting LibreOffice</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-interface"><span class="title-number">9.3 </span><span class="title-name">The LibreOffice user interface</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-oview-migration"><span class="title-number">9.4 </span><span class="title-name">Compatibility with other office applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-oview-passwd"><span class="title-number">9.5 </span><span class="title-name">Saving files with a password</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-oview-cust"><span class="title-number">9.6 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing LibreOffice</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-oview-global"><span class="title-number">9.7 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the global settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-oview-templates"><span class="title-number">9.8 </span><span class="title-name">Using templates</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-overview-properties"><span class="title-number">9.9 </span><span class="title-name">Setting metadata and properties</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-oview-help"><span class="title-number">9.10 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-lo-writer"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Writer</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-writer-createnew"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a new document</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-writer-styles"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Formatting with styles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-writer-largedocs"><span class="title-number">10.3 </span><span class="title-name">Working with large documents</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-writer-html"><span class="title-number">10.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using Writer as an HTML editor</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-lo-calc"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Calc</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-calc-createnew"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a new document</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-calc-styles"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using formatting and styles in Calc</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-calc-sheets"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Working with sheets</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-calc-condformat"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Conditional formatting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-calc-grouping"><span class="title-number">11.5 </span><span class="title-name">Grouping and ungrouping cells</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-calc-freezing"><span class="title-number">11.6 </span><span class="title-name">Freezing rows or columns as headers</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-lo-various"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">LibreOffice Impress, Base, Draw, and Math</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-various-impress"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using presentations with <span class="productname">Impress</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-various-base"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using databases with <span class="guimenu">Base</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-various-draw"><span class="title-number">12.3 </span><span class="title-name">Creating graphics with <span class="guimenu">Draw</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lo-various-math"><span class="title-number">12.4 </span><span class="title-name">Creating mathematical formulas with <span class="productname">Math</span>
   </span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-communication"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Internet and communication</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-firefox"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Firefox</span>: browsing the Web</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-start"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">Firefox</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-navigating"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Navigating Web sites</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-findinfo"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">Finding information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-bookmarks"><span class="title-number">13.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing bookmarks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-downloadmanager"><span class="title-number">13.5 </span><span class="title-name">Using the download manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-security"><span class="title-number">13.6 </span><span class="title-name">Security</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-customizing"><span class="title-number">13.7 </span><span class="title-name">Customizing <span class="productname">Firefox</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-printing"><span class="title-number">13.8 </span><span class="title-name">Printing from <span class="productname">Firefox</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-firefox-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">13.9 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnome-evolution"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Evolution</span>: e-mailing and calendaring</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-evolution-first-start"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">Evolution</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-evolution-first-start-setup-assistant"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setup assistant</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-evolution-usage"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Using <span class="productname">Evolution</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-evolution-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnome-pidgin"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Pidgin</span>: instant messaging</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-pidgin-start"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">Pidgin</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-pidgin-configure"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring accounts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-pidgin-buddy-list"><span class="title-number">15.3 </span><span class="title-name">Managing contacts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-pidgin-chat"><span class="title-number">15.4 </span><span class="title-name">Chatting with friends</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-pidgin-more"><span class="title-number">15.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-ekiga"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">Ekiga</span>: using voice over IP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ekiga-start"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">Ekiga</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ekiga-configure"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring <span class="productname">Ekiga</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ekiga-ui"><span class="title-number">16.3 </span><span class="title-name">The <span class="productname">Ekiga</span> user interface</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ekiga-firstcall"><span class="title-number">16.4 </span><span class="title-name">Making a call</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ekiga-answer"><span class="title-number">16.5 </span><span class="title-name">Answering a call</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ekiga-calladd"><span class="title-number">16.6 </span><span class="title-name">Using the address book</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ekiga-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">16.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-graphics"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Graphics and multimedia</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gimp"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="productname">GIMP</span>: manipulating graphics</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gimp-graphics"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name">Graphics formats</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gimp-starting"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name">Starting <span class="productname">GIMP</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gimp-starting-defaultwin"><span class="title-number">17.3 </span><span class="title-name">User interface overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gimp-getstart"><span class="title-number">17.4 </span><span class="title-name">Getting started</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gimp-saving"><span class="title-number">17.5 </span><span class="title-name">Saving and exporting images</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gimp-basics"><span class="title-number">17.6 </span><span class="title-name">Editing images</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gimp-printing"><span class="title-number">17.7 </span><span class="title-name">Printing images</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gimp-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">17.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-gnome-totem"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">GNOME Videos</span></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-totem-using"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using <span class="guimenu">GNOME Videos</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-gnome-totem-prefs"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying <span class="guimenu">GNOME Videos</span> preferences</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#cha-userhelp"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">Help and documentation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-help-onboard-yelp"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using GNOME Help</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-help-furtherdoc"><span class="title-number">A.2 </span><span class="title-name">Additional help resources</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-help-more"><span class="title-number">A.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#id-1.6.9"><span class="title-number">B </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.6.9.4"><span class="title-number">B.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.6.3.3.5.4"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Default GNOME login screen</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.6.3.3.5.6.3.2.2"><span class="number">1.2 </span><span class="name">Default GNOME login screen—session type</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.6.3.3.6.4"><span class="number">1.3 </span><span class="name">GNOME desktop with activities overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.6.3.3.6.5.4.3"><span class="number">1.4 </span><span class="name"><span class="guimenu">Activities</span> overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.6.3.3.6.5.5.2"><span class="number">1.5 </span><span class="name"><span class="guimenu">Application</span> menu for
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-installation/article-installation_draft.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-installation/article-installation_draft.html
index fdbeccaa46..32c54ca893 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-installation/article-installation_draft.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-installation/article-installation_draft.html
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
 });
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_installation-sleds.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#article-installation">Installation Quick Start</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="article" id="article-installation" data-id-title="Installation Quick Start"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">Installation Quick Start <a title="Permalink" class="permalink" href="#article-installation">#</a></h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_installation-sleds.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>
-    January 06, 2025
+    January 07, 2025
 
    </div><div><div class="abstract"><p>
     This Quick Start guides you step by step
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-installation/index.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-installation/index.html
index fdbeccaa46..32c54ca893 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-installation/index.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-installation/index.html
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
 });
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_installation-sleds.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#article-installation">Installation Quick Start</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="article" id="article-installation" data-id-title="Installation Quick Start"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">Installation Quick Start <a title="Permalink" class="permalink" href="#article-installation">#</a></h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_installation-sleds.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>
-    January 06, 2025
+    January 07, 2025
 
    </div><div><div class="abstract"><p>
     This Quick Start guides you step by step
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-modules/article-modules_draft.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-modules/article-modules_draft.html
index 3ceaecbe8a..ff0618952e 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-modules/article-modules_draft.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-modules/article-modules_draft.html
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@
 });
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_modules.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#article-modules">Modules and Extensions Quick Start</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="article" id="article-modules" data-id-title="Modules and Extensions Quick Start"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div><h1 class="title">Modules and Extensions Quick Start</h1></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>
-    January 06, 2025
+    January 07, 2025
 
    </div><div><div class="abstract"><p>
         This Quick Start gives you an overview of the
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-modules/index.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-modules/index.html
index 3ceaecbe8a..ff0618952e 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-modules/index.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-modules/index.html
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@
 });
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_modules.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#article-modules">Modules and Extensions Quick Start</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="article" id="article-modules" data-id-title="Modules and Extensions Quick Start"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div><h1 class="title">Modules and Extensions Quick Start</h1></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>
-    January 06, 2025
+    January 07, 2025
 
    </div><div><div class="abstract"><p>
         This Quick Start gives you an overview of the
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-raspberry-pi/article-raspberry-pi_draft.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-raspberry-pi/article-raspberry-pi_draft.html
index 8c54350b7e..0f973351b7 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-raspberry-pi/article-raspberry-pi_draft.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-raspberry-pi/article-raspberry-pi_draft.html
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@
 });
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_raspberry-pi.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#article-raspberry-pi">Raspberry Pi Quick Start</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="article" id="article-raspberry-pi" data-id-title="Raspberry Pi Quick Start"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for Arm</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div><h1 class="title">Raspberry Pi Quick Start</h1></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>
-    January 06, 2025
+    January 07, 2025
 
    </div><div><div class="abstract"><p>
     This guide contains an overview of <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for Arm</span></span> on the Raspberry Pi*
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-raspberry-pi/index.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-raspberry-pi/index.html
index 8c54350b7e..0f973351b7 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-raspberry-pi/index.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-raspberry-pi/index.html
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@
 });
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_raspberry-pi.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#article-raspberry-pi">Raspberry Pi Quick Start</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="article" id="article-raspberry-pi" data-id-title="Raspberry Pi Quick Start"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for Arm</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div><h1 class="title">Raspberry Pi Quick Start</h1></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>
-    January 06, 2025
+    January 07, 2025
 
    </div><div><div class="abstract"><p>
     This guide contains an overview of <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for Arm</span></span> on the Raspberry Pi*
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-rmt/book-rmt_draft.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-rmt/book-rmt_draft.html
index e0773134d2..9d763d7ab2 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-rmt/book-rmt_draft.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-rmt/book-rmt_draft.html
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_rmt.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#book-rmt">RMT Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-rmt" data-id-title="Repository Mirroring Tool Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">Repository Mirroring Tool Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_rmt.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p>
        An administrator's guide to Repository Mirroring Tool—a proxy system
    for SUSE Customer Center with repository and registration targets.
-     </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-rmt.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Repository Mirroring Tool Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+     </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-rmt.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Repository Mirroring Tool Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="#rmt-preface"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.10.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.10.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.10.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.10.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#rmt-overview"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-rmt-installation"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">RMT installation and configuration</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-storage-requirements"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Storage requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-installation-yast"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation during system installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-installation-zypper"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installation on an existing system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-deploy-kubernetes"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Deploying RMT on top of the Kubernetes cluster</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-installation-yast-configuration"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">RMT configuration with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.10.4.9"><span class="title-number">2.6 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling SLP announcements</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-rmt-migrate"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Migrate from SMT to RMT</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-migrate-notes"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Important notes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-migrate-smt-export"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Exporting SMT data</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-migrate-rmt-import"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Importing SMT data to RMT</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-rmt-mirroring"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Mirroring repositories on the RMT server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-mirroring-credentials"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Mirroring credentials</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-mirroring-synchronization"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Synchronizing repository metadata</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-mirroring-mirroring"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Mirroring packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-mirroring-enable-disable"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling and disabling mirroring of repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-mirroring-delete"><span class="title-number">4.5 </span><span class="title-name">Deleting mirrored data</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-mirroring-custom-repository"><span class="title-number">4.6 </span><span class="title-name">Adding custom repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-mirroring-export-import"><span class="title-number">4.7 </span><span class="title-name">Exporting and importing repositories</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-rmt-client"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring clients to use RMT</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-client-parameters"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring clients with boot parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-client-autoyast"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring clients with AutoYaST profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-client-clientsetupscript"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring clients with <code class="command">rmt-client-setup</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-client-yast"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring clients with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#rmt-client-custom-repo"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring clients for custom stand-alone repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-client-list-repositories"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Listing accessible repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-client-online-migration"><span class="title-number">5.7 </span><span class="title-name">Online migration of SUSE Linux Enterprise clients</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-rmt-tools"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">RMT tools and configuration files</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-tools-rmt-cli"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">RMT command line interface (<code class="command">rmt-cli</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-tools-systemd"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">RMT <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-config"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">RMT configuration files</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-rmt-backup"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Backing up an RMT server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-backup-create"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a backup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-backup-restore"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Restoring a backup</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-manage-certificates"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Managing TLS/SSL certificates</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-manage-certificates-https"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Regenerating HTTPS certificates</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-manage-certificates-ca"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Regenerating CA certificates and HTTPS certificates</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#rmt-public-cloud"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Deploying a SUSE Linux Enterprise Server instance to support RMT in the public cloud</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-byos-image"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using a bring-your-own-subscription image</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.10.11.7"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Considerations when using RMT</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.10.11.8"><span class="title-number">9.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#id-1.10.12"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.10.12.4"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.10.3.7"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">RMT</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.10.4.5.3"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">RMT pattern</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.10.4.8.3.5.2"><span class="number">2.2 </span><span class="name">Enabling ports in <code class="systemitem">firewalld</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.10.11.5"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">An example of cloud architecture for RMT deployment</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.10.11.6.3.3"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name">Google Cloud</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.10.11.6.3.4"><span class="number">9.3 </span><span class="name">Amazon Web Services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.10.11.6.3.5"><span class="number">9.4 </span><span class="name">Microsoft Azure</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="#sec-rmt-migrate-notes-features"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">Feature comparison</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.10.1.6"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-rmt/index.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-rmt/index.html
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@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_rmt.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#book-rmt">RMT Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-rmt" data-id-title="Repository Mirroring Tool Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">Repository Mirroring Tool Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_rmt.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p>
        An administrator's guide to Repository Mirroring Tool—a proxy system
    for SUSE Customer Center with repository and registration targets.
-     </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-rmt.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Repository Mirroring Tool Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+     </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-rmt.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Repository Mirroring Tool Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="#rmt-preface"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.10.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.10.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.10.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.10.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#rmt-overview"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-rmt-installation"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">RMT installation and configuration</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-storage-requirements"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Storage requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-installation-yast"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation during system installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-installation-zypper"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installation on an existing system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-deploy-kubernetes"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Deploying RMT on top of the Kubernetes cluster</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-installation-yast-configuration"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">RMT configuration with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.10.4.9"><span class="title-number">2.6 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling SLP announcements</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-rmt-migrate"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Migrate from SMT to RMT</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-migrate-notes"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Important notes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-migrate-smt-export"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Exporting SMT data</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-migrate-rmt-import"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Importing SMT data to RMT</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-rmt-mirroring"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Mirroring repositories on the RMT server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-mirroring-credentials"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Mirroring credentials</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-mirroring-synchronization"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Synchronizing repository metadata</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-mirroring-mirroring"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Mirroring packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-mirroring-enable-disable"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling and disabling mirroring of repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-mirroring-delete"><span class="title-number">4.5 </span><span class="title-name">Deleting mirrored data</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-mirroring-custom-repository"><span class="title-number">4.6 </span><span class="title-name">Adding custom repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-mirroring-export-import"><span class="title-number">4.7 </span><span class="title-name">Exporting and importing repositories</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-rmt-client"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring clients to use RMT</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-client-parameters"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring clients with boot parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-client-autoyast"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring clients with AutoYaST profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-client-clientsetupscript"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring clients with <code class="command">rmt-client-setup</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-client-yast"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring clients with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#rmt-client-custom-repo"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring clients for custom stand-alone repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-client-list-repositories"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Listing accessible repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-client-online-migration"><span class="title-number">5.7 </span><span class="title-name">Online migration of SUSE Linux Enterprise clients</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-rmt-tools"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">RMT tools and configuration files</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-tools-rmt-cli"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">RMT command line interface (<code class="command">rmt-cli</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-tools-systemd"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">RMT <code class="systemitem">systemd</code> commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-config"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">RMT configuration files</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-rmt-backup"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Backing up an RMT server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-backup-create"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a backup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-backup-restore"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Restoring a backup</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-manage-certificates"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Managing TLS/SSL certificates</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-manage-certificates-https"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Regenerating HTTPS certificates</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-manage-certificates-ca"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Regenerating CA certificates and HTTPS certificates</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#rmt-public-cloud"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Deploying a SUSE Linux Enterprise Server instance to support RMT in the public cloud</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-rmt-byos-image"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using a bring-your-own-subscription image</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.10.11.7"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Considerations when using RMT</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.10.11.8"><span class="title-number">9.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#id-1.10.12"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.10.12.4"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.10.3.7"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">RMT</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.10.4.5.3"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">RMT pattern</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.10.4.8.3.5.2"><span class="number">2.2 </span><span class="name">Enabling ports in <code class="systemitem">firewalld</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.10.11.5"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">An example of cloud architecture for RMT deployment</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.10.11.6.3.3"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name">Google Cloud</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.10.11.6.3.4"><span class="number">9.3 </span><span class="name">Amazon Web Services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.10.11.6.3.5"><span class="number">9.4 </span><span class="name">Microsoft Azure</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="#sec-rmt-migrate-notes-features"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">Feature comparison</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.10.1.6"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-security/book-security_draft.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-security/book-security_draft.html
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@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_security.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#book-security">Security and Hardening Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-security" data-id-title="Security and Hardening Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">Security and Hardening Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_security.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p> This guide introduces basic concepts of system
      security and describes the usage of security software included with the product,
      such as <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span>, SELinux, or the auditing system. The guide also supports system
-     administrators in hardening an installation. </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-security.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Security and Hardening Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+     administrators in hardening an installation. </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-security.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Security and Hardening Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="#preface-security"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.8.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.8.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.8.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.8.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Security and confidentiality</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-overview"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-passwords"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Passwords</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-backups"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Backups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-integrity"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">System integrity</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-file-access"><span class="title-number">1.5 </span><span class="title-name">File access</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-network"><span class="title-number">1.6 </span><span class="title-name">Networking</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-vulnerabilities"><span class="title-number">1.7 </span><span class="title-name">Software vulnerabilities</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-malware"><span class="title-number">1.8 </span><span class="title-name">Malware</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-tips"><span class="title-number">1.9 </span><span class="title-name">Important security tips</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-general-report"><span class="title-number">1.10 </span><span class="title-name">Reporting security issues</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-auth"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Authentication</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-pam"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Authentication with PAM</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-pam-whatis"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">What is PAM?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-pam-struc-files"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Structure of a PAM configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-pam-struc-format"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">The PAM configuration of sshd</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-pam-struc-conf"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration of PAM modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-pam-pam-config"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring PAM using pam-config</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-pam-manual-config"><span class="title-number">2.6 </span><span class="title-name">Manually configuring PAM</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-pam-login"><span class="title-number">2.7 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring  U2F keys for local login</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-pam-info"><span class="title-number">2.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-nis"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Using NIS</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nis-server"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring NIS servers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nis-client"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring NIS clients</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-auth"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up authentication clients using YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-auth-yast-client"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring an authentication client with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-auth-sssd"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">SSSD</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-ldap"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">LDAP with 389 Directory Server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-tree"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Structure of an LDAP directory tree</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-docker-container"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating and managing a Docker container for 389 Directory Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-server-install"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing 389 Directory Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-firewall"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Firewall configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-backup"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">Backing up and restoring 389 Directory Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-server-users"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing LDAP users and groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-modules"><span class="title-number">5.7 </span><span class="title-name">Managing plug-ins</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-server-sssd"><span class="title-number">5.8 </span><span class="title-name">Using SSSD to manage LDAP authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-migrate"><span class="title-number">5.9 </span><span class="title-name">Migrating to 389 Directory Server from OpenLDAP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-server-ca"><span class="title-number">5.10 </span><span class="title-name">Importing TLS server certificates and keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-replication"><span class="title-number">5.11 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up replication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-active-directory-sync"><span class="title-number">5.12 </span><span class="title-name">Synchronizing with Microsoft Active Directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-info"><span class="title-number">5.13 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-kerberos"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Network authentication with Kerberos</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-kerberos-overview"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-kerberos-terms"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Kerberos terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-kerberos-how"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">How Kerberos works</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-kerberos-users"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">User view of Kerberos</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-kerberos-admin"><span class="title-number">6.5 </span><span class="title-name">Installing and administering Kerberos</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-kerberos-nfs"><span class="title-number">6.6 </span><span class="title-name">Kerberos and NFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-kerberos-info"><span class="title-number">6.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-ad"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Active Directory support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ad-integrate"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Integrating Linux and Active Directory environments</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ad-background"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Background information for Linux Active Directory support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ad-config"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a Linux client for Active Directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ad-login"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Logging in to an Active Directory domain</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ad-passwd"><span class="title-number">7.5 </span><span class="title-name">Changing passwords</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-active-directory-certificate-auto-enrollment"><span class="title-number">7.6 </span><span class="title-name">Active Directory certificate auto-enrollment</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-freeradius"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a freeRADIUS server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-test-radiusd"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installation and testing on <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-local-security"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Local security</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-physical-security"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Physical security</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-physical-locks"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">System locks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-bios"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Locking down the BIOS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-bootloader"><span class="title-number">9.3 </span><span class="title-name">Security via the boot loaders</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-retiring"><span class="title-number">9.4 </span><span class="title-name">Retiring Linux servers with sensitive data</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-removable-media"><span class="title-number">9.5 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting access to removable media</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-USBGuard"><span class="title-number">9.6 </span><span class="title-name">System protection with enforced USB device authorization via <span class="emphasis"><em>USBGuard</em></span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#sec-sec-software-management"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Software management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-remove-packs"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">Removing unnecessary software packages (RPMs)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-patching"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Patching Linux systems</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#sec-sec-file-management"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">File management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-partitions"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Disk partitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-file-permissions"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying permissions of certain system files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-home-permissions"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Changing home directory permissions from 755 to 700</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-umask"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Default umask</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-s-bit"><span class="title-number">11.5 </span><span class="title-name">SUID/SGID files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-world-writable-files"><span class="title-number">11.6 </span><span class="title-name">World-writable files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-orphaned"><span class="title-number">11.7 </span><span class="title-name">Orphaned or unowned files</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-cryptofs"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Encrypting partitions and files</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-cryptofs-y2"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an encrypted file system with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-cryptofs-gpg"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">Encrypting files with GPG</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-cryptofs-rage"><span class="title-number">12.3 </span><span class="title-name">Encrypting files with Rage</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-configure-cryptctl"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Storage encryption for hosted applications with cryptctl</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-configure-cryptctl-server"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a <code class="command">cryptctl</code> server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-configure-cryptctl-client"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a <code class="command">cryptctl</code> client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-cryptctl-luks-fstab"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring /etc/fstab for LUKS volumes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-configure-cryptctl-status"><span class="title-number">13.4 </span><span class="title-name">Checking partition unlock status using server-side commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-configure-cryptctl-unlock"><span class="title-number">13.5 </span><span class="title-name">Unlocking encrypted partitions manually</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-configure-cryptctl-lock"><span class="title-number">13.6 </span><span class="title-name">Maintenance downtime procedure</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-configure-cryptctl-ha"><span class="title-number">13.7 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an HA environment for cryptctl-server service</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-configure-cryptctl-more"><span class="title-number">13.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#sec-sec-user-management"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">User management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-accounts"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">Various account checks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-pw-aging"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling password aging</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-pw-strength"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Stronger password enforcement</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-pam"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">Password and login management with PAM</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-restrict-root"><span class="title-number">14.5 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting <code class="systemitem">root</code> logins</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-restrict-sudo"><span class="title-number">14.6 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting <code class="command">sudo</code> users</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-inactivity-logout"><span class="title-number">14.7 </span><span class="title-name">Setting an inactivity timeout for interactive shell sessions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-dos"><span class="title-number">14.8 </span><span class="title-name">Preventing accidental denial of service</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-banners"><span class="title-number">14.9 </span><span class="title-name">Displaying login banners</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-misc-account-utils"><span class="title-number">14.10 </span><span class="title-name">Connection accounting utilities</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-sec-cron-at"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting <code class="systemitem">cron</code> and <code class="systemitem">at</code></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.8.5.8.2"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting the <code class="systemitem">cron</code> daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.8.5.8.3"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting the <code class="systemitem">at</code> scheduler</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-spectre"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Spectre/Meltdown checker</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-spectre-meltdown-options"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using <code class="command">spectre-meltdown-checker</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-spectre-meltdown-resources"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-yast-security"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring security settings with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-yast-security-overview"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Security overview</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-yast-security-predefined-configs"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Predefined security configurations</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-yast-security-password"><span class="title-number">17.3 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Password settings</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-yast-security-boot"><span class="title-number">17.4 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Boot settings</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-yast-security-login"><span class="title-number">17.5 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Login settings</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-yast-security-user"><span class="title-number">17.6 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">User addition</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-yast-security-misc"><span class="title-number">17.7 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Miscellaneous settings</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-polkit"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">The Polkit authentication framework</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-polkit-oview"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-polkit-types"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">Authorization types</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-polkit-query"><span class="title-number">18.3 </span><span class="title-name">Querying Privileges</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-polkit-change-modify-config"><span class="title-number">18.4 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying Polkit Configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-polkit-change-defaults"><span class="title-number">18.5 </span><span class="title-name">Restoring the SUSE default privileges</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-acls"><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">Access control lists in Linux</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-acls-traditional"><span class="title-number">19.1 </span><span class="title-name">Traditional file permissions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-acls-intro"><span class="title-number">19.2 </span><span class="title-name">Advantages of ACLs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-acls-defs"><span class="title-number">19.3 </span><span class="title-name">Definitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-acls-handle"><span class="title-number">19.4 </span><span class="title-name">Handling ACLs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-acls-future"><span class="title-number">19.5 </span><span class="title-name">ACL support in applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-acls-info"><span class="title-number">19.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-aide"><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">Intrusion detection with AIDE</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-aide-why"><span class="title-number">20.1 </span><span class="title-name">Why use AIDE?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-aide-setup"><span class="title-number">20.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an AIDE database</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-aide-check"><span class="title-number">20.3 </span><span class="title-name">Local AIDE checks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-aide-independent"><span class="title-number">20.4 </span><span class="title-name">System independent checking</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-aide-more"><span class="title-number">20.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-network-security"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Network security</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-xauth"><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name">X Window System and X authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-ssh"><span class="title-number">22 </span><span class="title-name">Securing network operations with OpenSSH</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-overview"><span class="title-number">22.1 </span><span class="title-name">OpenSSH overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-server-config"><span class="title-number">22.2 </span><span class="title-name">Server hardening</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-password-auth"><span class="title-number">22.3 </span><span class="title-name">Password authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-authentic-gen-key"><span class="title-number">22.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing user and host encryption keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-sshdserver-rotation"><span class="title-number">22.5 </span><span class="title-name">Rotating host keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-public-key-auth"><span class="title-number">22.6 </span><span class="title-name">Public key authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-passphrase-less-auth"><span class="title-number">22.7 </span><span class="title-name">Passphrase-less public key authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-certificate-auth"><span class="title-number">22.8 </span><span class="title-name">OpenSSH certificate authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-gnome-keyring"><span class="title-number">22.9 </span><span class="title-name">Automated public key logins with gnome-keyring</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-authentic-agent"><span class="title-number">22.10 </span><span class="title-name">Automated public key logins with ssh-agent</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-change-passphrase"><span class="title-number">22.11 </span><span class="title-name">Changing an SSH private key passphrase</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-get-key-fingerprint"><span class="title-number">22.12 </span><span class="title-name">Retrieving a key fingerprint</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-programm-x"><span class="title-number">22.13 </span><span class="title-name">Starting X11 applications on a remote host</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-programm-forwarding"><span class="title-number">22.14 </span><span class="title-name">Agent forwarding</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-copy"><span class="title-number">22.15 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">scp</code>—secure copy</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-sftp"><span class="title-number">22.16 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">sftp</code>—secure file transfer</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-port-forwarding"><span class="title-number">22.17 </span><span class="title-name">Port forwarding (SSH tunneling)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ssh-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">22.18 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ssh-fail2ban"><span class="title-number">22.19 </span><span class="title-name">Stopping SSH Brute Force Attacks with Fail2Ban</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-firewall"><span class="title-number">23 </span><span class="title-name">Masquerading and firewalls</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-firewall-iptables"><span class="title-number">23.1 </span><span class="title-name">Packet filtering with iptables</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-firewall-masq"><span class="title-number">23.2 </span><span class="title-name">Masquerading basics</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-firewall-fw"><span class="title-number">23.3 </span><span class="title-name">Firewalling basics</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-firewall-firewalld"><span class="title-number">23.4 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">firewalld</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-firewall-upgrade"><span class="title-number">23.5 </span><span class="title-name">Migrating from SuSEfirewall2</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-firewall-info"><span class="title-number">23.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-vpnserver"><span class="title-number">24 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a VPN server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-vpn-overview"><span class="title-number">24.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-vpn-simplest"><span class="title-number">24.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a simple test scenario</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-vpn-ca"><span class="title-number">24.3 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up your VPN server using a certificate authority</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-yastvpn"><span class="title-number">24.4 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a VPN server or client using YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-vpn-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">24.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-xca"><span class="title-number">25 </span><span class="title-name">Managing a PKI with XCA, X certificate and key manager</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-xca-install"><span class="title-number">25.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installing XCA</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-xca-start"><span class="title-number">25.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a new PKI</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-sec-sysctl"><span class="title-number">26 </span><span class="title-name">Improving network security with <code class="command">sysctl</code> variables</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-compliance"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Regulations and Compliance</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-common-criteria"><span class="title-number">27 </span><span class="title-name">Common Criteria</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-common-criteria-introduction"><span class="title-number">27.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-common-criteria-eal"><span class="title-number">27.2 </span><span class="title-name">Evaluation Assurance Level (EAL)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-common-criteria-principles"><span class="title-number">27.3 </span><span class="title-name">Generic guiding principles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-common-criteria-more"><span class="title-number">27.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-fips"><span class="title-number">28 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling compliance with FIPS 140-3</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fips-concept"><span class="title-number">28.1 </span><span class="title-name">FIPS overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fips-use-case"><span class="title-number">28.2 </span><span class="title-name">When to enable FIPS mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fips-install"><span class="title-number">28.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing FIPS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-how-to-fips-install"><span class="title-number">28.4 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling FIPS mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fips-samba-cifs"><span class="title-number">28.5 </span><span class="title-name">MD5 not supported in Samba/CIFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fips-more"><span class="title-number">28.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-pci-dss"><span class="title-number">29 </span><span class="title-name">Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-stig"><span class="title-number">30 </span><span class="title-name">Hardening SUSE Linux Enterprise with STIG</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-apparmor"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Confining privileges with <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-intro"><span class="title-number">31 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.8.8.2.5"><span class="title-number">31.1 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> components</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-intro-background"><span class="title-number">31.2 </span><span class="title-name">Background information on <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profiling</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-start"><span class="title-number">32 </span><span class="title-name">Getting started</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-start-install"><span class="title-number">32.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installing <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-start-enable"><span class="title-number">32.2 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling and disabling <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-start-choose"><span class="title-number">32.3 </span><span class="title-name">Choosing applications to profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-start-build"><span class="title-number">32.4 </span><span class="title-name">Building and modifying profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-start-update"><span class="title-number">32.5 </span><span class="title-name">Updating your profiles</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-concept"><span class="title-number">33 </span><span class="title-name">Immunizing programs</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-concept-tools"><span class="title-number">33.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing the <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> framework</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-concept-determine"><span class="title-number">33.2 </span><span class="title-name">Determining programs to immunize</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-concept-cron"><span class="title-number">33.3 </span><span class="title-name">Immunizing <code class="systemitem">cron</code> jobs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-concept-network"><span class="title-number">33.4 </span><span class="title-name">Immunizing network applications</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-profiles"><span class="title-number">34 </span><span class="title-name">Profile components and syntax</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-parts"><span class="title-number">34.1 </span><span class="title-name">Breaking an <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile into its parts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-types"><span class="title-number">34.2 </span><span class="title-name">Profile types</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-includes"><span class="title-number">34.3 </span><span class="title-name">Include statements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-capabilities"><span class="title-number">34.4 </span><span class="title-name">Capability entries (POSIX.1e)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-nac"><span class="title-number">34.5 </span><span class="title-name">Network access control</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-glob"><span class="title-number">34.6 </span><span class="title-name">Profile names, flags, paths, and globbing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-perm"><span class="title-number">34.7 </span><span class="title-name">File permission access modes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-mount"><span class="title-number">34.8 </span><span class="title-name">Mount rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-pivot-root"><span class="title-number">34.9 </span><span class="title-name">Pivot root rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-ptrace"><span class="title-number">34.10 </span><span class="title-name">PTrace rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-signal"><span class="title-number">34.11 </span><span class="title-name">Signal rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-exec"><span class="title-number">34.12 </span><span class="title-name">Execute modes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-rlimit"><span class="title-number">34.13 </span><span class="title-name">Resource limit control</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-audit"><span class="title-number">34.14 </span><span class="title-name">Auditing rules</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-repos"><span class="title-number">35 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-yast"><span class="title-number">36 </span><span class="title-name">Building and managing profiles with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-yast-add"><span class="title-number">36.1 </span><span class="title-name">Manually adding a profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-yast-edit"><span class="title-number">36.2 </span><span class="title-name">Editing profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-yast-del"><span class="title-number">36.3 </span><span class="title-name">Deleting a profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-yast-manage"><span class="title-number">36.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-commandline"><span class="title-number">37 </span><span class="title-name">Building profiles from the command line</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-commandline-status"><span class="title-number">37.1 </span><span class="title-name">Checking the <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> status</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-commandline-build"><span class="title-number">37.2 </span><span class="title-name">Building <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-commandline-add"><span class="title-number">37.3 </span><span class="title-name">Adding or creating an <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-commandline-edit"><span class="title-number">37.4 </span><span class="title-name">Editing an <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-commandline-unload"><span class="title-number">37.5 </span><span class="title-name">Unloading unknown <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-commandline-del"><span class="title-number">37.6 </span><span class="title-name">Deleting an <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-commandline-profiling"><span class="title-number">37.7 </span><span class="title-name">Two methods of profiling</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-commandline-filenames"><span class="title-number">37.8 </span><span class="title-name">Important file names and directories</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-hat"><span class="title-number">38 </span><span class="title-name">Profiling your Web applications using ChangeHat</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-hat-config"><span class="title-number">38.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring Apache for <code class="systemitem">mod_apparmor</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-hat-apache-managing"><span class="title-number">38.2 </span><span class="title-name">Managing ChangeHat-aware applications</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-pam"><span class="title-number">39 </span><span class="title-name">Confining users with <code class="systemitem">pam_apparmor</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-managing"><span class="title-number">40 </span><span class="title-name">Managing profiled applications</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-managing-react"><span class="title-number">40.1 </span><span class="title-name">Reacting to security event rejections</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-managing-maintain"><span class="title-number">40.2 </span><span class="title-name">Maintaining your security profiles</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-support"><span class="title-number">41 </span><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-support-updating"><span class="title-number">41.1 </span><span class="title-name">Updating <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> online</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-support-man"><span class="title-number">41.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using the man pages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-support-info"><span class="title-number">41.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-support-trouble"><span class="title-number">41.4 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-support-bugs"><span class="title-number">41.5 </span><span class="title-name">Reporting bugs for <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-glossary"><span class="title-number">42 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> glossary</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-selinux"><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">SELinux</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-selinux"><span class="title-number">43 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring SELinux</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-selinux-why"><span class="title-number">43.1 </span><span class="title-name">Why use SELinux?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-selinux-policy"><span class="title-number">43.2 </span><span class="title-name">SELinux policy overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-selinux-install"><span class="title-number">43.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing SELinux packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-selinux-getpolicy"><span class="title-number">43.4 </span><span class="title-name">Installing an SELinux policy</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-selinux-mode-permissive"><span class="title-number">43.5 </span><span class="title-name">Putting SELinux into permissive mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-selinux-mode-enforcing"><span class="title-number">43.6 </span><span class="title-name">Putting SELinux into enforcing mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-selinux-configure"><span class="title-number">43.7 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring SELinux</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-selinux-manage"><span class="title-number">43.8 </span><span class="title-name">Managing SELinux</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-selinux-troubleshoot"><span class="title-number">43.9 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-audit"><span class="title-number">VII </span><span class="title-name">The Linux Audit Framework</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-audit-comp"><span class="title-number">44 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding Linux audit</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-bigpicture"><span class="title-number">44.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing the components of Linux audit</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-auditd"><span class="title-number">44.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the audit daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-auditctl"><span class="title-number">44.3 </span><span class="title-name">Controlling the audit system using <code class="command">auditctl</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-rules"><span class="title-number">44.4 </span><span class="title-name">Passing parameters to the audit system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-aureport"><span class="title-number">44.5 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding the audit logs and generating reports</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-ausearch"><span class="title-number">44.6 </span><span class="title-name">Querying the audit daemon logs with <code class="command">ausearch</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-autrace"><span class="title-number">44.7 </span><span class="title-name">Analyzing processes with <code class="command">autrace</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-auviz"><span class="title-number">44.8 </span><span class="title-name">Visualizing audit data</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-audisp"><span class="title-number">44.9 </span><span class="title-name">Relaying audit event notifications</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-audit-setup"><span class="title-number">45 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up the Linux audit framework</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-choose"><span class="title-number">45.1 </span><span class="title-name">Determining the components to audit</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-config"><span class="title-number">45.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the audit daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-syscall"><span class="title-number">45.3 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling audit for system calls</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-aurules"><span class="title-number">45.4 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up audit rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-aurepo"><span class="title-number">45.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring audit reports</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-viz"><span class="title-number">45.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring log visualization</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-audit-scenarios"><span class="title-number">46 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing an audit rule set</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-scenbasic"><span class="title-number">46.1 </span><span class="title-name">Adding basic audit configuration parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-scenauconf"><span class="title-number">46.2 </span><span class="title-name">Adding watches on audit log files and configuration files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-scenfs"><span class="title-number">46.3 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring file system objects</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-scensecurity"><span class="title-number">46.4 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring security configuration files and databases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-scenmisc"><span class="title-number">46.5 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring miscellaneous system calls</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-scenipc"><span class="title-number">46.6 </span><span class="title-name">Filtering system call arguments</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-scenkeys"><span class="title-number">46.7 </span><span class="title-name">Managing audit event records using keys</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-audit-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">47 </span><span class="title-name">Useful resources</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#id-1.8.11"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.8.11.4"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-inst-nisserver1"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">NIS server setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast-nis-master"><span class="number">3.2 </span><span class="name">Master server setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-inst-nisserver2"><span class="number">3.3 </span><span class="name">Changing the directory and synchronizing files for a NIS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast-nis-maps"><span class="number">3.4 </span><span class="name">NIS server maps setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-inst-nisserver3"><span class="number">3.5 </span><span class="name">Setting request permissions for a NIS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-inst-nisclient"><span class="number">3.6 </span><span class="name">Setting domain and address of a NIS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-ldap-tree"><span class="number">5.1 </span><span class="name">Structure of an LDAP directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-netw-kerb"><span class="number">6.1 </span><span class="name">Kerberos network topology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-ad-schema"><span class="number">7.1 </span><span class="name">Schema of Winbind-based Active Directory authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-security-logonmanagement"><span class="number">7.2 </span><span class="name">Main window of <span class="guimenu">User logon management</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-security-logonmanagement-enroll"><span class="number">7.3 </span><span class="name">Enrolling into a domain</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-security-logonmanagement-configure"><span class="number">7.4 </span><span class="name">Configuration window of <span class="guimenu">User logon management</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-ad-smbclient"><span class="number">7.5 </span><span class="name">Determining Windows domain membership</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-ad-join1"><span class="number">7.6 </span><span class="name">Providing administrator credentials</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-cryptctl-retrieve"><span class="number">13.1 </span><span class="name">Key retrieval with <code class="command">cryptctl</code> (model without connection to KMIP server)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-spectre-meltdown-output"><span class="number">16.1 </span><span class="name">Output from spectre-meltdown-checker</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast-security-overview"><span class="number">17.1 </span><span class="name">YaST security center and hardening: security overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-acls-map-mini"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">Minimum ACL: ACL entries compared to permission bits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-acls-map-ext"><span class="number">19.2 </span><span class="name">Extended ACL: ACL entries compared to permission bits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-fail2ban-jail-local"><span class="number">22.1 </span><span class="name"><span class="emphasis"><em>jail.local </em></span>file settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-fire-table"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">iptables: a packet's possible paths</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-vpn-scenario-routed-1"><span class="number">24.1 </span><span class="name">Routed VPN</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-vpn-scenario-briged-1"><span class="number">24.2 </span><span class="name">Bridged VPN - scenario 1</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-vpn-scenario-briged-2"><span class="number">24.3 </span><span class="name">Bridged VPN - scenario 2</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-vpn-scenario-briged-3"><span class="number">24.4 </span><span class="name">Bridged VPN - scenario 3</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-xca-newdb"><span class="number">25.1 </span><span class="name">Create a new XCA database</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.8.8.8.11.9.15.6"><span class="number">37.1 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">aa-notify Message in GNOME</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.8.8.9.20.3.5.5.2"><span class="number">38.1 </span><span class="name">Adminer login page</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-audit-components"><span class="number">44.1 </span><span class="name">Introducing the components of Linux audit</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-audit-mkgraph"><span class="number">44.2 </span><span class="name">Flow graph—program versus system call relationship</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-audit-mkbar"><span class="number">44.3 </span><span class="name">Bar chart—common event types</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-ldap-schema"><span class="number">5.1 </span><span class="name">Commonly used object classes and attributes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-parameters"><span class="number">13.1 </span><span class="name">List of all parameters to define the resource group with the cryptctl crm script.</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.8.5.7.6.7.4"><span class="number">14.1 </span><span class="name">Sample rules/constraints for password enforcement</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-entrytype"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">ACL entry types</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-mask"><span class="number">19.2 </span><span class="name">Masking access permissions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-aide-options"><span class="number">20.1 </span><span class="name">Important AIDE check boxes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-security-firewall-sysconfigports"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Important sysconfig variables for static port configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.8.8.12.5.3"><span class="number">41.1 </span><span class="name">Man pages: sections and categories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-audit-auditctl"><span class="number">44.1 </span><span class="name">Audit status flags</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-pam-sshd"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">PAM configuration for sshd (<code class="filename">/etc/pam.d/sshd</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-pam-common-auth"><span class="number">2.2 </span><span class="name">Default configuration for the <code class="literal">auth</code> section (<code class="filename">common-auth</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-pam-common-account"><span class="number">2.3 </span><span class="name">Default configuration for the <code class="literal">account</code> section (<code class="filename">common-account</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-pam-common-password"><span class="number">2.4 </span><span class="name">Default configuration for the <code class="literal">password</code> section (<code class="filename">common-password</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-pam-common-session"><span class="number">2.5 </span><span class="name">Default configuration for the <code class="literal">session</code> section (<code class="filename">common-session</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-pam-pamenv"><span class="number">2.6 </span><span class="name">pam_env.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#aus-ldap-schema-help"><span class="number">5.1 </span><span class="name">Excerpt from CN=schema</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ldap-389-ds-inf"><span class="number">5.2 </span><span class="name">Minimal 389 Directory Server instance configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-security-ldap-server-credentials-local"><span class="number">5.3 </span><span class="name">A <code class="filename">.dsrc</code> file for local administration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ldap-replication-two-replicas"><span class="number">5.4 </span><span class="name">Two supplier replicas</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ldap-replication-four-replicas"><span class="number">5.5 </span><span class="name">Four supplier replicas</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ldap-replication-six-replicas"><span class="number">5.6 </span><span class="name">Six replicas</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ldap-replication-six-replicas-read-only"><span class="number">5.7 </span><span class="name">Six replicas with read-only consumers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#sec-security-kerberos-example-config"><span class="number">6.1 </span><span class="name">Example KDC configuration, <code class="filename">/etc/krb5.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#usbguard-config-file-ipcaccess"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-sshd-conf"><span class="number">22.1 </span><span class="name">Example sshd_config</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-security-firewall-nfscallback"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Callback port configuration for the <code class="literal">nfs</code> kernel module in <code class="filename">/etc/modprobe.d/60-nfs.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-security-firewall-newrpcservice"><span class="number">23.2 </span><span class="name">Commands to define a new <code class="systemitem">firewalld</code> RPC service for NFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-vpn-serv-config"><span class="number">24.1 </span><span class="name">VPN server configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.6.6.5.7.3"><span class="number">24.2 </span><span class="name">VPN client configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-unconfined"><span class="number">32.1 </span><span class="name">Output of <code class="command">aa-unconfined</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-apparmor-commandline-profiling-summary-genprof-learn"><span class="number">37.1 </span><span class="name">Learning mode exception: controlling access to specific resources</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-apparmor-commandline-profiling-summary-genprof-perms"><span class="number">37.2 </span><span class="name">Learning mode exception: defining permissions for an entry</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-selnx-con-set"><span class="number">43.1 </span><span class="name">Security context settings using <code class="command">ls -Z</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-selnx-sestatus"><span class="number">43.2 </span><span class="name">Verifying that SELinux is functional</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-selnx-ls-bool"><span class="number">43.3 </span><span class="name">Getting a list of booleans and verifying policy access</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-selnx-fcon"><span class="number">43.4 </span><span class="name">Getting file context information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-selnx-def-con"><span class="number">43.5 </span><span class="name">The default context for directories in the root directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-selnx-set-proc"><span class="number">43.6 </span><span class="name">Showing SELinux settings for processes with <code class="command">ps Zaux</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-selnx-semanage"><span class="number">43.7 </span><span class="name">Viewing default file contexts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-selnx-li-auditlog"><span class="number">43.8 </span><span class="name">Example lines from <code class="filename">/var/log/audit/audit.log</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.9.3.13.12"><span class="number">43.9 </span><span class="name">Analyzing audit messages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.9.3.13.15"><span class="number">43.10 </span><span class="name">Viewing which lines deny access</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.9.3.13.19"><span class="number">43.11 </span><span class="name">Creating a policy module allowing an action previously denied</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.10.3.8.3"><span class="number">44.1 </span><span class="name">Default /etc/audit/auditd.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-auditctl-status"><span class="number">44.2 </span><span class="name">Example output of <code class="command">auditctl</code> <code class="option">-s</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-audit-rules-sysparam"><span class="number">44.3 </span><span class="name">Example audit rules—audit system parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-audit-rules-fs"><span class="number">44.4 </span><span class="name">Example audit rules—file system auditing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-audit-rules-syscall"><span class="number">44.5 </span><span class="name">Example audit rules—system call auditing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-audit-ruledel"><span class="number">44.6 </span><span class="name">Deleting audit rules and events</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.10.3.10.16"><span class="number">44.7 </span><span class="name">Listing rules with <code class="command">auditctl</code> <code class="option">-l</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-audit-aureport-logtrail"><span class="number">44.8 </span><span class="name">A simple audit event—viewing the audit log</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-audit-aureport-sshd"><span class="number">44.9 </span><span class="name">An advanced audit event—login via SSH</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.10.3.15.5"><span class="number">44.10 </span><span class="name">Example /etc/audit/auditd.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.10.3.15.8"><span class="number">44.11 </span><span class="name">Example /etc/audit/plugins.d/syslog.conf</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.8.1.5"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
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 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_security.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#book-security">Security and Hardening Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-security" data-id-title="Security and Hardening Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">Security and Hardening Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_security.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p> This guide introduces basic concepts of system
      security and describes the usage of security software included with the product,
      such as <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span>, SELinux, or the auditing system. The guide also supports system
-     administrators in hardening an installation. </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-security.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Security and Hardening Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+     administrators in hardening an installation. </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-security.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Security and Hardening Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="#preface-security"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.8.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.8.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.8.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.8.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Security and confidentiality</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-overview"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-passwords"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Passwords</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-backups"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Backups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-integrity"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">System integrity</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-file-access"><span class="title-number">1.5 </span><span class="title-name">File access</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-network"><span class="title-number">1.6 </span><span class="title-name">Networking</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-vulnerabilities"><span class="title-number">1.7 </span><span class="title-name">Software vulnerabilities</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-malware"><span class="title-number">1.8 </span><span class="title-name">Malware</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-tips"><span class="title-number">1.9 </span><span class="title-name">Important security tips</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-general-report"><span class="title-number">1.10 </span><span class="title-name">Reporting security issues</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-auth"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Authentication</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-pam"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Authentication with PAM</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-pam-whatis"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">What is PAM?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-pam-struc-files"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Structure of a PAM configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-pam-struc-format"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">The PAM configuration of sshd</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-pam-struc-conf"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration of PAM modules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-pam-pam-config"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring PAM using pam-config</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-pam-manual-config"><span class="title-number">2.6 </span><span class="title-name">Manually configuring PAM</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-pam-login"><span class="title-number">2.7 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring  U2F keys for local login</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-pam-info"><span class="title-number">2.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-nis"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Using NIS</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nis-server"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring NIS servers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nis-client"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring NIS clients</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-auth"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up authentication clients using YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-auth-yast-client"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring an authentication client with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-auth-sssd"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">SSSD</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-ldap"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">LDAP with 389 Directory Server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-tree"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Structure of an LDAP directory tree</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-docker-container"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating and managing a Docker container for 389 Directory Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-server-install"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing 389 Directory Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-firewall"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Firewall configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-backup"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">Backing up and restoring 389 Directory Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-server-users"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing LDAP users and groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-modules"><span class="title-number">5.7 </span><span class="title-name">Managing plug-ins</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-server-sssd"><span class="title-number">5.8 </span><span class="title-name">Using SSSD to manage LDAP authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-migrate"><span class="title-number">5.9 </span><span class="title-name">Migrating to 389 Directory Server from OpenLDAP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-server-ca"><span class="title-number">5.10 </span><span class="title-name">Importing TLS server certificates and keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-replication"><span class="title-number">5.11 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up replication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-active-directory-sync"><span class="title-number">5.12 </span><span class="title-name">Synchronizing with Microsoft Active Directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ldap-info"><span class="title-number">5.13 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-kerberos"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Network authentication with Kerberos</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-kerberos-overview"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-kerberos-terms"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Kerberos terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-kerberos-how"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">How Kerberos works</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-kerberos-users"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">User view of Kerberos</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-kerberos-admin"><span class="title-number">6.5 </span><span class="title-name">Installing and administering Kerberos</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-kerberos-nfs"><span class="title-number">6.6 </span><span class="title-name">Kerberos and NFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-kerberos-info"><span class="title-number">6.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-ad"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Active Directory support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ad-integrate"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Integrating Linux and Active Directory environments</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ad-background"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Background information for Linux Active Directory support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ad-config"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a Linux client for Active Directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ad-login"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Logging in to an Active Directory domain</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ad-passwd"><span class="title-number">7.5 </span><span class="title-name">Changing passwords</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-active-directory-certificate-auto-enrollment"><span class="title-number">7.6 </span><span class="title-name">Active Directory certificate auto-enrollment</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-freeradius"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a freeRADIUS server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-test-radiusd"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installation and testing on <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-local-security"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Local security</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-physical-security"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Physical security</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-physical-locks"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">System locks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-bios"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Locking down the BIOS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-bootloader"><span class="title-number">9.3 </span><span class="title-name">Security via the boot loaders</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-retiring"><span class="title-number">9.4 </span><span class="title-name">Retiring Linux servers with sensitive data</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-removable-media"><span class="title-number">9.5 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting access to removable media</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-USBGuard"><span class="title-number">9.6 </span><span class="title-name">System protection with enforced USB device authorization via <span class="emphasis"><em>USBGuard</em></span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#sec-sec-software-management"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Software management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-remove-packs"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">Removing unnecessary software packages (RPMs)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-patching"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Patching Linux systems</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#sec-sec-file-management"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">File management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-partitions"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Disk partitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-file-permissions"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying permissions of certain system files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-home-permissions"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Changing home directory permissions from 755 to 700</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-umask"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Default umask</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-s-bit"><span class="title-number">11.5 </span><span class="title-name">SUID/SGID files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-world-writable-files"><span class="title-number">11.6 </span><span class="title-name">World-writable files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-orphaned"><span class="title-number">11.7 </span><span class="title-name">Orphaned or unowned files</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-cryptofs"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Encrypting partitions and files</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-cryptofs-y2"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an encrypted file system with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-cryptofs-gpg"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">Encrypting files with GPG</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-cryptofs-rage"><span class="title-number">12.3 </span><span class="title-name">Encrypting files with Rage</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-configure-cryptctl"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Storage encryption for hosted applications with cryptctl</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-configure-cryptctl-server"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a <code class="command">cryptctl</code> server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-configure-cryptctl-client"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a <code class="command">cryptctl</code> client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-cryptctl-luks-fstab"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring /etc/fstab for LUKS volumes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-configure-cryptctl-status"><span class="title-number">13.4 </span><span class="title-name">Checking partition unlock status using server-side commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-configure-cryptctl-unlock"><span class="title-number">13.5 </span><span class="title-name">Unlocking encrypted partitions manually</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-configure-cryptctl-lock"><span class="title-number">13.6 </span><span class="title-name">Maintenance downtime procedure</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-configure-cryptctl-ha"><span class="title-number">13.7 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an HA environment for cryptctl-server service</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-configure-cryptctl-more"><span class="title-number">13.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#sec-sec-user-management"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">User management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-accounts"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">Various account checks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-pw-aging"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling password aging</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-pw-strength"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Stronger password enforcement</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-general-pam"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">Password and login management with PAM</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-restrict-root"><span class="title-number">14.5 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting <code class="systemitem">root</code> logins</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-restrict-sudo"><span class="title-number">14.6 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting <code class="command">sudo</code> users</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-inactivity-logout"><span class="title-number">14.7 </span><span class="title-name">Setting an inactivity timeout for interactive shell sessions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-dos"><span class="title-number">14.8 </span><span class="title-name">Preventing accidental denial of service</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-banners"><span class="title-number">14.9 </span><span class="title-name">Displaying login banners</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sec-prot-misc-account-utils"><span class="title-number">14.10 </span><span class="title-name">Connection accounting utilities</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-sec-cron-at"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting <code class="systemitem">cron</code> and <code class="systemitem">at</code></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.8.5.8.2"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting the <code class="systemitem">cron</code> daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.8.5.8.3"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Restricting the <code class="systemitem">at</code> scheduler</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-spectre"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Spectre/Meltdown checker</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-spectre-meltdown-options"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Using <code class="command">spectre-meltdown-checker</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-spectre-meltdown-resources"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-yast-security"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring security settings with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-yast-security-overview"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Security overview</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-yast-security-predefined-configs"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Predefined security configurations</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-yast-security-password"><span class="title-number">17.3 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Password settings</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-yast-security-boot"><span class="title-number">17.4 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Boot settings</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-yast-security-login"><span class="title-number">17.5 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Login settings</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-yast-security-user"><span class="title-number">17.6 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">User addition</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-yast-security-misc"><span class="title-number">17.7 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="guimenu">Miscellaneous settings</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-polkit"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">The Polkit authentication framework</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-polkit-oview"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-polkit-types"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">Authorization types</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-polkit-query"><span class="title-number">18.3 </span><span class="title-name">Querying Privileges</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-polkit-change-modify-config"><span class="title-number">18.4 </span><span class="title-name">Modifying Polkit Configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-polkit-change-defaults"><span class="title-number">18.5 </span><span class="title-name">Restoring the SUSE default privileges</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-acls"><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">Access control lists in Linux</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-acls-traditional"><span class="title-number">19.1 </span><span class="title-name">Traditional file permissions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-acls-intro"><span class="title-number">19.2 </span><span class="title-name">Advantages of ACLs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-acls-defs"><span class="title-number">19.3 </span><span class="title-name">Definitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-acls-handle"><span class="title-number">19.4 </span><span class="title-name">Handling ACLs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-acls-future"><span class="title-number">19.5 </span><span class="title-name">ACL support in applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-acls-info"><span class="title-number">19.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-aide"><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">Intrusion detection with AIDE</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-aide-why"><span class="title-number">20.1 </span><span class="title-name">Why use AIDE?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-aide-setup"><span class="title-number">20.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an AIDE database</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-aide-check"><span class="title-number">20.3 </span><span class="title-name">Local AIDE checks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-aide-independent"><span class="title-number">20.4 </span><span class="title-name">System independent checking</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-aide-more"><span class="title-number">20.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-network-security"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Network security</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-xauth"><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name">X Window System and X authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-ssh"><span class="title-number">22 </span><span class="title-name">Securing network operations with OpenSSH</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-overview"><span class="title-number">22.1 </span><span class="title-name">OpenSSH overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-server-config"><span class="title-number">22.2 </span><span class="title-name">Server hardening</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-password-auth"><span class="title-number">22.3 </span><span class="title-name">Password authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-authentic-gen-key"><span class="title-number">22.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing user and host encryption keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-sshdserver-rotation"><span class="title-number">22.5 </span><span class="title-name">Rotating host keys</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-public-key-auth"><span class="title-number">22.6 </span><span class="title-name">Public key authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-passphrase-less-auth"><span class="title-number">22.7 </span><span class="title-name">Passphrase-less public key authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-certificate-auth"><span class="title-number">22.8 </span><span class="title-name">OpenSSH certificate authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-gnome-keyring"><span class="title-number">22.9 </span><span class="title-name">Automated public key logins with gnome-keyring</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-authentic-agent"><span class="title-number">22.10 </span><span class="title-name">Automated public key logins with ssh-agent</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-change-passphrase"><span class="title-number">22.11 </span><span class="title-name">Changing an SSH private key passphrase</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-get-key-fingerprint"><span class="title-number">22.12 </span><span class="title-name">Retrieving a key fingerprint</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-programm-x"><span class="title-number">22.13 </span><span class="title-name">Starting X11 applications on a remote host</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-programm-forwarding"><span class="title-number">22.14 </span><span class="title-name">Agent forwarding</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-copy"><span class="title-number">22.15 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">scp</code>—secure copy</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-sftp"><span class="title-number">22.16 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">sftp</code>—secure file transfer</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-ssh-port-forwarding"><span class="title-number">22.17 </span><span class="title-name">Port forwarding (SSH tunneling)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ssh-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">22.18 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-ssh-fail2ban"><span class="title-number">22.19 </span><span class="title-name">Stopping SSH Brute Force Attacks with Fail2Ban</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-firewall"><span class="title-number">23 </span><span class="title-name">Masquerading and firewalls</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-firewall-iptables"><span class="title-number">23.1 </span><span class="title-name">Packet filtering with iptables</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-firewall-masq"><span class="title-number">23.2 </span><span class="title-name">Masquerading basics</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-firewall-fw"><span class="title-number">23.3 </span><span class="title-name">Firewalling basics</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-firewall-firewalld"><span class="title-number">23.4 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">firewalld</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-firewall-upgrade"><span class="title-number">23.5 </span><span class="title-name">Migrating from SuSEfirewall2</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-firewall-info"><span class="title-number">23.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-vpnserver"><span class="title-number">24 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a VPN server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-vpn-overview"><span class="title-number">24.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-vpn-simplest"><span class="title-number">24.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a simple test scenario</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-vpn-ca"><span class="title-number">24.3 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up your VPN server using a certificate authority</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-yastvpn"><span class="title-number">24.4 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a VPN server or client using YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-vpn-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">24.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-xca"><span class="title-number">25 </span><span class="title-name">Managing a PKI with XCA, X certificate and key manager</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-xca-install"><span class="title-number">25.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installing XCA</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-security-xca-start"><span class="title-number">25.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a new PKI</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-sec-sysctl"><span class="title-number">26 </span><span class="title-name">Improving network security with <code class="command">sysctl</code> variables</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-compliance"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Regulations and Compliance</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-common-criteria"><span class="title-number">27 </span><span class="title-name">Common Criteria</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-common-criteria-introduction"><span class="title-number">27.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-common-criteria-eal"><span class="title-number">27.2 </span><span class="title-name">Evaluation Assurance Level (EAL)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-common-criteria-principles"><span class="title-number">27.3 </span><span class="title-name">Generic guiding principles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-common-criteria-more"><span class="title-number">27.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-fips"><span class="title-number">28 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling compliance with FIPS 140-3</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fips-concept"><span class="title-number">28.1 </span><span class="title-name">FIPS overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fips-use-case"><span class="title-number">28.2 </span><span class="title-name">When to enable FIPS mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fips-install"><span class="title-number">28.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing FIPS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-how-to-fips-install"><span class="title-number">28.4 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling FIPS mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fips-samba-cifs"><span class="title-number">28.5 </span><span class="title-name">MD5 not supported in Samba/CIFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fips-more"><span class="title-number">28.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-pci-dss"><span class="title-number">29 </span><span class="title-name">Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-security-stig"><span class="title-number">30 </span><span class="title-name">Hardening SUSE Linux Enterprise with STIG</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-apparmor"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Confining privileges with <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-intro"><span class="title-number">31 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.8.8.2.5"><span class="title-number">31.1 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> components</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-intro-background"><span class="title-number">31.2 </span><span class="title-name">Background information on <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profiling</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-start"><span class="title-number">32 </span><span class="title-name">Getting started</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-start-install"><span class="title-number">32.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installing <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-start-enable"><span class="title-number">32.2 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling and disabling <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-start-choose"><span class="title-number">32.3 </span><span class="title-name">Choosing applications to profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-start-build"><span class="title-number">32.4 </span><span class="title-name">Building and modifying profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-start-update"><span class="title-number">32.5 </span><span class="title-name">Updating your profiles</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-concept"><span class="title-number">33 </span><span class="title-name">Immunizing programs</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-concept-tools"><span class="title-number">33.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing the <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> framework</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-concept-determine"><span class="title-number">33.2 </span><span class="title-name">Determining programs to immunize</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-concept-cron"><span class="title-number">33.3 </span><span class="title-name">Immunizing <code class="systemitem">cron</code> jobs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-concept-network"><span class="title-number">33.4 </span><span class="title-name">Immunizing network applications</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-profiles"><span class="title-number">34 </span><span class="title-name">Profile components and syntax</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-parts"><span class="title-number">34.1 </span><span class="title-name">Breaking an <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile into its parts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-types"><span class="title-number">34.2 </span><span class="title-name">Profile types</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-includes"><span class="title-number">34.3 </span><span class="title-name">Include statements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-capabilities"><span class="title-number">34.4 </span><span class="title-name">Capability entries (POSIX.1e)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-nac"><span class="title-number">34.5 </span><span class="title-name">Network access control</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-glob"><span class="title-number">34.6 </span><span class="title-name">Profile names, flags, paths, and globbing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-perm"><span class="title-number">34.7 </span><span class="title-name">File permission access modes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-mount"><span class="title-number">34.8 </span><span class="title-name">Mount rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-pivot-root"><span class="title-number">34.9 </span><span class="title-name">Pivot root rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-ptrace"><span class="title-number">34.10 </span><span class="title-name">PTrace rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-signal"><span class="title-number">34.11 </span><span class="title-name">Signal rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-exec"><span class="title-number">34.12 </span><span class="title-name">Execute modes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-rlimit"><span class="title-number">34.13 </span><span class="title-name">Resource limit control</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-profiles-audit"><span class="title-number">34.14 </span><span class="title-name">Auditing rules</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-repos"><span class="title-number">35 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-yast"><span class="title-number">36 </span><span class="title-name">Building and managing profiles with YaST</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-yast-add"><span class="title-number">36.1 </span><span class="title-name">Manually adding a profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-yast-edit"><span class="title-number">36.2 </span><span class="title-name">Editing profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-yast-del"><span class="title-number">36.3 </span><span class="title-name">Deleting a profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-yast-manage"><span class="title-number">36.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-commandline"><span class="title-number">37 </span><span class="title-name">Building profiles from the command line</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-commandline-status"><span class="title-number">37.1 </span><span class="title-name">Checking the <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> status</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-commandline-build"><span class="title-number">37.2 </span><span class="title-name">Building <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-commandline-add"><span class="title-number">37.3 </span><span class="title-name">Adding or creating an <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-commandline-edit"><span class="title-number">37.4 </span><span class="title-name">Editing an <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-commandline-unload"><span class="title-number">37.5 </span><span class="title-name">Unloading unknown <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-commandline-del"><span class="title-number">37.6 </span><span class="title-name">Deleting an <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-commandline-profiling"><span class="title-number">37.7 </span><span class="title-name">Two methods of profiling</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-commandline-filenames"><span class="title-number">37.8 </span><span class="title-name">Important file names and directories</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-hat"><span class="title-number">38 </span><span class="title-name">Profiling your Web applications using ChangeHat</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-hat-config"><span class="title-number">38.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring Apache for <code class="systemitem">mod_apparmor</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-hat-apache-managing"><span class="title-number">38.2 </span><span class="title-name">Managing ChangeHat-aware applications</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-pam"><span class="title-number">39 </span><span class="title-name">Confining users with <code class="systemitem">pam_apparmor</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-managing"><span class="title-number">40 </span><span class="title-name">Managing profiled applications</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-managing-react"><span class="title-number">40.1 </span><span class="title-name">Reacting to security event rejections</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-managing-maintain"><span class="title-number">40.2 </span><span class="title-name">Maintaining your security profiles</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-support"><span class="title-number">41 </span><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-support-updating"><span class="title-number">41.1 </span><span class="title-name">Updating <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> online</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-support-man"><span class="title-number">41.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using the man pages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-support-info"><span class="title-number">41.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-support-trouble"><span class="title-number">41.4 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-apparmor-support-bugs"><span class="title-number">41.5 </span><span class="title-name">Reporting bugs for <span class="phrase">AppArmor</span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-apparmor-glossary"><span class="title-number">42 </span><span class="title-name"><span class="phrase">AppArmor</span> glossary</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-selinux"><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">SELinux</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-selinux"><span class="title-number">43 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring SELinux</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-selinux-why"><span class="title-number">43.1 </span><span class="title-name">Why use SELinux?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-selinux-policy"><span class="title-number">43.2 </span><span class="title-name">SELinux policy overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-selinux-install"><span class="title-number">43.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing SELinux packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-selinux-getpolicy"><span class="title-number">43.4 </span><span class="title-name">Installing an SELinux policy</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-selinux-mode-permissive"><span class="title-number">43.5 </span><span class="title-name">Putting SELinux into permissive mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-selinux-mode-enforcing"><span class="title-number">43.6 </span><span class="title-name">Putting SELinux into enforcing mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-selinux-configure"><span class="title-number">43.7 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring SELinux</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-selinux-manage"><span class="title-number">43.8 </span><span class="title-name">Managing SELinux</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-selinux-troubleshoot"><span class="title-number">43.9 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-audit"><span class="title-number">VII </span><span class="title-name">The Linux Audit Framework</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-audit-comp"><span class="title-number">44 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding Linux audit</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-bigpicture"><span class="title-number">44.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing the components of Linux audit</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-auditd"><span class="title-number">44.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the audit daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-auditctl"><span class="title-number">44.3 </span><span class="title-name">Controlling the audit system using <code class="command">auditctl</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-rules"><span class="title-number">44.4 </span><span class="title-name">Passing parameters to the audit system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-aureport"><span class="title-number">44.5 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding the audit logs and generating reports</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-ausearch"><span class="title-number">44.6 </span><span class="title-name">Querying the audit daemon logs with <code class="command">ausearch</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-autrace"><span class="title-number">44.7 </span><span class="title-name">Analyzing processes with <code class="command">autrace</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-auviz"><span class="title-number">44.8 </span><span class="title-name">Visualizing audit data</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-audisp"><span class="title-number">44.9 </span><span class="title-name">Relaying audit event notifications</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-audit-setup"><span class="title-number">45 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up the Linux audit framework</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-choose"><span class="title-number">45.1 </span><span class="title-name">Determining the components to audit</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-config"><span class="title-number">45.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the audit daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-syscall"><span class="title-number">45.3 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling audit for system calls</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-aurules"><span class="title-number">45.4 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up audit rules</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-aurepo"><span class="title-number">45.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring audit reports</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-viz"><span class="title-number">45.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring log visualization</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-audit-scenarios"><span class="title-number">46 </span><span class="title-name">Introducing an audit rule set</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-scenbasic"><span class="title-number">46.1 </span><span class="title-name">Adding basic audit configuration parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-scenauconf"><span class="title-number">46.2 </span><span class="title-name">Adding watches on audit log files and configuration files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-scenfs"><span class="title-number">46.3 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring file system objects</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-scensecurity"><span class="title-number">46.4 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring security configuration files and databases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-scenmisc"><span class="title-number">46.5 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring miscellaneous system calls</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-scenipc"><span class="title-number">46.6 </span><span class="title-name">Filtering system call arguments</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-audit-scenkeys"><span class="title-number">46.7 </span><span class="title-name">Managing audit event records using keys</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-audit-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">47 </span><span class="title-name">Useful resources</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#id-1.8.11"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.8.11.4"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-inst-nisserver1"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">NIS server setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast-nis-master"><span class="number">3.2 </span><span class="name">Master server setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-inst-nisserver2"><span class="number">3.3 </span><span class="name">Changing the directory and synchronizing files for a NIS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast-nis-maps"><span class="number">3.4 </span><span class="name">NIS server maps setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-inst-nisserver3"><span class="number">3.5 </span><span class="name">Setting request permissions for a NIS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-inst-nisclient"><span class="number">3.6 </span><span class="name">Setting domain and address of a NIS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-ldap-tree"><span class="number">5.1 </span><span class="name">Structure of an LDAP directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-netw-kerb"><span class="number">6.1 </span><span class="name">Kerberos network topology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-ad-schema"><span class="number">7.1 </span><span class="name">Schema of Winbind-based Active Directory authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-security-logonmanagement"><span class="number">7.2 </span><span class="name">Main window of <span class="guimenu">User logon management</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-security-logonmanagement-enroll"><span class="number">7.3 </span><span class="name">Enrolling into a domain</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-security-logonmanagement-configure"><span class="number">7.4 </span><span class="name">Configuration window of <span class="guimenu">User logon management</span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-ad-smbclient"><span class="number">7.5 </span><span class="name">Determining Windows domain membership</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-ad-join1"><span class="number">7.6 </span><span class="name">Providing administrator credentials</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-cryptctl-retrieve"><span class="number">13.1 </span><span class="name">Key retrieval with <code class="command">cryptctl</code> (model without connection to KMIP server)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-spectre-meltdown-output"><span class="number">16.1 </span><span class="name">Output from spectre-meltdown-checker</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast-security-overview"><span class="number">17.1 </span><span class="name">YaST security center and hardening: security overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-acls-map-mini"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">Minimum ACL: ACL entries compared to permission bits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-acls-map-ext"><span class="number">19.2 </span><span class="name">Extended ACL: ACL entries compared to permission bits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-fail2ban-jail-local"><span class="number">22.1 </span><span class="name"><span class="emphasis"><em>jail.local </em></span>file settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-fire-table"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">iptables: a packet's possible paths</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-vpn-scenario-routed-1"><span class="number">24.1 </span><span class="name">Routed VPN</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-vpn-scenario-briged-1"><span class="number">24.2 </span><span class="name">Bridged VPN - scenario 1</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-vpn-scenario-briged-2"><span class="number">24.3 </span><span class="name">Bridged VPN - scenario 2</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-vpn-scenario-briged-3"><span class="number">24.4 </span><span class="name">Bridged VPN - scenario 3</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-xca-newdb"><span class="number">25.1 </span><span class="name">Create a new XCA database</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.8.8.8.11.9.15.6"><span class="number">37.1 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">aa-notify Message in GNOME</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.8.8.9.20.3.5.5.2"><span class="number">38.1 </span><span class="name">Adminer login page</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-audit-components"><span class="number">44.1 </span><span class="name">Introducing the components of Linux audit</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-audit-mkgraph"><span class="number">44.2 </span><span class="name">Flow graph—program versus system call relationship</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-audit-mkbar"><span class="number">44.3 </span><span class="name">Bar chart—common event types</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-ldap-schema"><span class="number">5.1 </span><span class="name">Commonly used object classes and attributes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-parameters"><span class="number">13.1 </span><span class="name">List of all parameters to define the resource group with the cryptctl crm script.</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.8.5.7.6.7.4"><span class="number">14.1 </span><span class="name">Sample rules/constraints for password enforcement</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-entrytype"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">ACL entry types</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-mask"><span class="number">19.2 </span><span class="name">Masking access permissions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-aide-options"><span class="number">20.1 </span><span class="name">Important AIDE check boxes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-security-firewall-sysconfigports"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Important sysconfig variables for static port configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.8.8.12.5.3"><span class="number">41.1 </span><span class="name">Man pages: sections and categories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-audit-auditctl"><span class="number">44.1 </span><span class="name">Audit status flags</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-pam-sshd"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">PAM configuration for sshd (<code class="filename">/etc/pam.d/sshd</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-pam-common-auth"><span class="number">2.2 </span><span class="name">Default configuration for the <code class="literal">auth</code> section (<code class="filename">common-auth</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-pam-common-account"><span class="number">2.3 </span><span class="name">Default configuration for the <code class="literal">account</code> section (<code class="filename">common-account</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-pam-common-password"><span class="number">2.4 </span><span class="name">Default configuration for the <code class="literal">password</code> section (<code class="filename">common-password</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-pam-common-session"><span class="number">2.5 </span><span class="name">Default configuration for the <code class="literal">session</code> section (<code class="filename">common-session</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-pam-pamenv"><span class="number">2.6 </span><span class="name">pam_env.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#aus-ldap-schema-help"><span class="number">5.1 </span><span class="name">Excerpt from CN=schema</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ldap-389-ds-inf"><span class="number">5.2 </span><span class="name">Minimal 389 Directory Server instance configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-security-ldap-server-credentials-local"><span class="number">5.3 </span><span class="name">A <code class="filename">.dsrc</code> file for local administration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ldap-replication-two-replicas"><span class="number">5.4 </span><span class="name">Two supplier replicas</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ldap-replication-four-replicas"><span class="number">5.5 </span><span class="name">Four supplier replicas</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ldap-replication-six-replicas"><span class="number">5.6 </span><span class="name">Six replicas</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-ldap-replication-six-replicas-read-only"><span class="number">5.7 </span><span class="name">Six replicas with read-only consumers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#sec-security-kerberos-example-config"><span class="number">6.1 </span><span class="name">Example KDC configuration, <code class="filename">/etc/krb5.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#usbguard-config-file-ipcaccess"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-sshd-conf"><span class="number">22.1 </span><span class="name">Example sshd_config</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-security-firewall-nfscallback"><span class="number">23.1 </span><span class="name">Callback port configuration for the <code class="literal">nfs</code> kernel module in <code class="filename">/etc/modprobe.d/60-nfs.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-security-firewall-newrpcservice"><span class="number">23.2 </span><span class="name">Commands to define a new <code class="systemitem">firewalld</code> RPC service for NFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-vpn-serv-config"><span class="number">24.1 </span><span class="name">VPN server configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.6.6.5.7.3"><span class="number">24.2 </span><span class="name">VPN client configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-unconfined"><span class="number">32.1 </span><span class="name">Output of <code class="command">aa-unconfined</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-apparmor-commandline-profiling-summary-genprof-learn"><span class="number">37.1 </span><span class="name">Learning mode exception: controlling access to specific resources</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-apparmor-commandline-profiling-summary-genprof-perms"><span class="number">37.2 </span><span class="name">Learning mode exception: defining permissions for an entry</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-selnx-con-set"><span class="number">43.1 </span><span class="name">Security context settings using <code class="command">ls -Z</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-selnx-sestatus"><span class="number">43.2 </span><span class="name">Verifying that SELinux is functional</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-selnx-ls-bool"><span class="number">43.3 </span><span class="name">Getting a list of booleans and verifying policy access</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-selnx-fcon"><span class="number">43.4 </span><span class="name">Getting file context information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-selnx-def-con"><span class="number">43.5 </span><span class="name">The default context for directories in the root directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-selnx-set-proc"><span class="number">43.6 </span><span class="name">Showing SELinux settings for processes with <code class="command">ps Zaux</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-selnx-semanage"><span class="number">43.7 </span><span class="name">Viewing default file contexts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-selnx-li-auditlog"><span class="number">43.8 </span><span class="name">Example lines from <code class="filename">/var/log/audit/audit.log</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.9.3.13.12"><span class="number">43.9 </span><span class="name">Analyzing audit messages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.9.3.13.15"><span class="number">43.10 </span><span class="name">Viewing which lines deny access</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.9.3.13.19"><span class="number">43.11 </span><span class="name">Creating a policy module allowing an action previously denied</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.10.3.8.3"><span class="number">44.1 </span><span class="name">Default /etc/audit/auditd.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-auditctl-status"><span class="number">44.2 </span><span class="name">Example output of <code class="command">auditctl</code> <code class="option">-s</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-audit-rules-sysparam"><span class="number">44.3 </span><span class="name">Example audit rules—audit system parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-audit-rules-fs"><span class="number">44.4 </span><span class="name">Example audit rules—file system auditing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-audit-rules-syscall"><span class="number">44.5 </span><span class="name">Example audit rules—system call auditing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-audit-ruledel"><span class="number">44.6 </span><span class="name">Deleting audit rules and events</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.10.3.10.16"><span class="number">44.7 </span><span class="name">Listing rules with <code class="command">auditctl</code> <code class="option">-l</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-audit-aureport-logtrail"><span class="number">44.8 </span><span class="name">A simple audit event—viewing the audit log</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-audit-aureport-sshd"><span class="number">44.9 </span><span class="name">An advanced audit event—login via SSH</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.10.3.15.5"><span class="number">44.10 </span><span class="name">Example /etc/audit/auditd.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.8.10.3.15.8"><span class="number">44.11 </span><span class="name">Example /etc/audit/plugins.d/syslog.conf</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.8.1.5"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
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 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_storage.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#book-storage">Storage Administration Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-storage" data-id-title="Storage Administration Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">Storage Administration Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_storage.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p>
     This guide provides information about how to manage storage
     devices on a SUSE Linux Enterprise Server.
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-storage.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Storage Administration Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-storage.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Storage Administration Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="#storage-preface"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.11.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.11.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.11.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.11.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-filesystems"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">File systems and mounting</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-filesystems"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview of file systems in Linux</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-filesystems-glossary"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-filesystems-major-btrfs"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Btrfs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-filesystems-major-xfs"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">XFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-filesystems-major-ext2"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">Ext2</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-filesystems-major-ext3"><span class="title-number">1.5 </span><span class="title-name">Ext3</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-filesystems-major-ext4"><span class="title-number">1.6 </span><span class="title-name">Ext4</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-filesystems-major-reiser"><span class="title-number">1.7 </span><span class="title-name">ReiserFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-filessytems-zfs"><span class="title-number">1.8 </span><span class="title-name">OpenZFS and ZFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-filesystems-tmpfs"><span class="title-number">1.9 </span><span class="title-name">tmpfs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-filesystems-other"><span class="title-number">1.10 </span><span class="title-name">Other supported file systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-blacklist-filsystem"><span class="title-number">1.11 </span><span class="title-name">Blocked file systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-filesystems-lfs"><span class="title-number">1.12 </span><span class="title-name">Large file support in Linux</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-filesystems-stor-limits"><span class="title-number">1.13 </span><span class="title-name">Linux kernel storage limitations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-filesystems-trouble-trim"><span class="title-number">1.14 </span><span class="title-name">Freeing unused file system blocks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-filesystems-trouble"><span class="title-number">1.15 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting file systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-filesystems-info"><span class="title-number">1.16 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-resize-fs"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Resizing file systems</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-resize-fs-usecases"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Use cases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-resize-fs-guidelines"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Guidelines for resizing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-resize-fs-btrfs"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the size of a Btrfs file system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-resize-fs-xfs"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the size of an XFS file system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-resize-fs-ext"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the size of an ext2, ext3, or ext4 file system</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-uuid"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Mounting storage devices</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-uuid-understanduuid"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding UUIDs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-uuid-udev"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Persistent device names with udev</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-netdev-option"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Mounting network storage devices</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-multitiercache"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Multi-tier caching for block device operations</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multitiercache-terminology"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">General terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multitiercache-caching-modes"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Caching modes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multitiercache-bcache"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">bcache</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multitiercache-lvmcache"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">lvmcache</code></span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-lvm"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Logical volumes (LVM)</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-lvm"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">LVM configuration</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lvm-explained"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding the logical volume manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lvm-vg"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating volume groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lvm-lv"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Creating logical volumes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lvm-activate-vgs"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Automatically activating non-root LVM volume groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lvm-vg-resize"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">Resizing an existing volume group</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lvm-lv-resize"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Resizing a logical volume</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lvm-delete"><span class="title-number">5.7 </span><span class="title-name">Deleting a volume group or a logical volume</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lvm-onboot"><span class="title-number">5.8 </span><span class="title-name">Disabling LVM on boot</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lvm-cli"><span class="title-number">5.9 </span><span class="title-name">Using LVM commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lvm-tagging"><span class="title-number">5.10 </span><span class="title-name">Tagging LVM2 storage objects</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-lvm-snapshots"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">LVM volume snapshots</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lvm-snapshots-intro"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding volume snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lvm-snapshots-create"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating Linux snapshots with LVM</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lvm-snapshots-monitor"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring a snapshot</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lvm-snapshots-delete"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">Deleting Linux snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lvm-snapshots-xen-host"><span class="title-number">6.5 </span><span class="title-name">Using snapshots for virtual machines on a virtual host</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lvm-snapshots-rollback"><span class="title-number">6.6 </span><span class="title-name">Merging a snapshot with the source logical volume to revert changes or roll back to a previous state</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-software-raid"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Software RAID</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-raid"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Software RAID configuration</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-raid-intro"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding RAID levels</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-raid-yast"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Soft RAID configuration with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-arm-raid"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring stripe size on RAID 5 on AArch64</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-raid-counters"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring software RAIDs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-raid-more"><span class="title-number">7.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-raidroot"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring software RAID for the root partition</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-raidroot-require"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Prerequisites for using a software RAID device for the root partition</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-raidroot-setup"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up the system with a software RAID device for the root (<code class="filename">/</code>) partition</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-raid10"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Creating software RAID 10 devices</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-raid10-nest"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">Creating nested RAID 10 devices with <code class="command">mdadm</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-raid10-complex"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a complex RAID 10</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-raid-degraded"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a degraded RAID array</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-raid-resize"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">Resizing software RAID arrays with mdadm</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-raid-resize-incr"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Increasing the size of a software RAID</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-raid-resize-decr"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Decreasing the size of a software RAID</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-raid-leds"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Storage enclosure LED utilities for MD software RAIDs</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-raid-leds-ledmon"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">The storage enclosure LED monitor service</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-raid-leds-ledctl"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">The storage enclosure LED control application</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-raid-leds-info"><span class="title-number">12.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-raidtroubleshooting"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting software RAIDs</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-raid-trouble-autorecovery"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Recovery after failing disk is back again</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-net-storage"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Network storage</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-isns"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">iSNS for Linux</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-isns-overview"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">How iSNS works</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-isns-install"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing iSNS server for Linux</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-isns-domains"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring iSNS discovery domains</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-isns-start"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">Starting the iSNS service</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-isns-info"><span class="title-number">14.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-iscsi"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Mass storage over IP networks: iSCSI</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-iscsi-install"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installing the iSCSI LIO target server and iSCSI initiator</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-iscsi-target"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an iSCSI LIO target server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-iscsi-initiator"><span class="title-number">15.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring iSCSI initiator</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-iscsi-targetcli"><span class="title-number">15.4 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up software targets using targetcli-fb</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-iscsi-installation"><span class="title-number">15.5 </span><span class="title-name">Using iSCSI disks when installing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-iscsi-trouble"><span class="title-number">15.6 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting iSCSI</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-iscsi-terminology"><span class="title-number">15.7 </span><span class="title-name">iSCSI LIO target terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-iscsi-info"><span class="title-number">15.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-fcoe"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Fibre Channel storage over Ethernet networks: FCoE</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fcoe-installation"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring FCoE interfaces during the installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fcoe-install"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing FCoE and the YaST FCoE client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fcoe-yast"><span class="title-number">16.3 </span><span class="title-name">Managing FCoE services with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fcoe-cli"><span class="title-number">16.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring FCoE with commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fcoe-admin"><span class="title-number">16.5 </span><span class="title-name">Managing FCoE instances with the FCoE administration tool</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fcoe-info"><span class="title-number">16.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-nvmeof"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">NVMe-oF</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvmeof-overview"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvmeof-host-configuration"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an NVMe-oF host</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvmeof-target-configuration"><span class="title-number">17.3 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an NVMe-oF target</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvmeof-hardware"><span class="title-number">17.4 </span><span class="title-name">Special hardware configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvmeof-boot"><span class="title-number">17.5 </span><span class="title-name">Booting from NVMe-oF over TCP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvmeof-more-information"><span class="title-number">17.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-multipath"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">Managing multipath I/O for devices</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multipath-intro"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding multipath I/O</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multipath-hardware"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multipath-planning"><span class="title-number">18.3 </span><span class="title-name">Planning for multipathing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multipath-installing"><span class="title-number">18.4 </span><span class="title-name">Installing <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span> on multipath systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multipath-offline-update"><span class="title-number">18.5 </span><span class="title-name">Updating SLE on multipath systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multipath-mpiotools"><span class="title-number">18.6 </span><span class="title-name">Multipath management tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multipath-config"><span class="title-number">18.7 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the system for multipathing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multipath-conf-file"><span class="title-number">18.8 </span><span class="title-name">Multipath configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multipath-policies-default"><span class="title-number">18.9 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring policies for failover, queuing, and failback</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multipath-grouping"><span class="title-number">18.10 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring path grouping and priorities</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multipath-select-devices"><span class="title-number">18.11 </span><span class="title-name">Selecting devices for multipathing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multipath-names"><span class="title-number">18.12 </span><span class="title-name">Multipath device names and WWIDs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multipath-conf-misc"><span class="title-number">18.13 </span><span class="title-name">Miscellaneous options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multipath-best-practice"><span class="title-number">18.14 </span><span class="title-name">Best practice</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multipath-trouble"><span class="title-number">18.15 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting MPIO</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-nfs"><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">Sharing file systems with NFS</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nfs-overview"><span class="title-number">19.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nfs-installation"><span class="title-number">19.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing NFS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nfs-configuring-nfs-server"><span class="title-number">19.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring NFS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nfs-configuring-nfs-clients"><span class="title-number">19.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring clients</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nfs-firewall"><span class="title-number">19.5 </span><span class="title-name">Operating an NFS server and clients behind a firewall</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#nfs4-acls"><span class="title-number">19.6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing Access Control Lists over NFSv4</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nfs-info"><span class="title-number">19.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nfs-troubleshooting"><span class="title-number">19.8 </span><span class="title-name">Gathering information for NFS troubleshooting</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-samba"><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">Samba</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-samba-term"><span class="title-number">20.1 </span><span class="title-name">Terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-samba-install"><span class="title-number">20.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing a Samba server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-samba-serv-start"><span class="title-number">20.3 </span><span class="title-name">Starting and stopping Samba</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-samba-serv-inst"><span class="title-number">20.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a Samba server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-samba-client-inst"><span class="title-number">20.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring clients</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-samba-anmeld-serv"><span class="title-number">20.6 </span><span class="title-name">Samba as login server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-samba-adnet"><span class="title-number">20.7 </span><span class="title-name">Samba server in the network with Active Directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-samba-advanced"><span class="title-number">20.8 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced topics</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-samba-info"><span class="title-number">20.9 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-autofs"><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name">On-demand mounting with autofs</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-autofs-installation"><span class="title-number">21.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-autofs-configuration"><span class="title-number">21.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-autofs-debugging"><span class="title-number">21.3 </span><span class="title-name">Operation and debugging</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-autofs-nfs"><span class="title-number">21.4 </span><span class="title-name">Auto-mounting an NFS share</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-autofs-advanced"><span class="title-number">21.5 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced topics</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#id-1.11.7"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.11.7.4"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.11.3.2.9.7.3.3.4.2"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Enabling Btrfs quotas</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.11.3.2.9.7.3.3.6.2"><span class="number">1.2 </span><span class="name">Setting quota for a subvolume</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.11.3.2.9.7.3.3.6.4"><span class="number">1.3 </span><span class="name">List of subvolumes for a device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-lvm-explain"><span class="number">5.1 </span><span class="name">Physical partitioning versus LVM</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-lvm-physical-volumes"><span class="number">5.2 </span><span class="name">Physical volumes in the volume group named DATA</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-raid3"><span class="number">7.1 </span><span class="name">Example RAID 5 configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.11.6.2.7.4"><span class="number">14.1 </span><span class="name">iSNS discovery domains</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.11.6.3.4"><span class="number">15.1 </span><span class="name">iSCSI SAN with an iSNS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.11.6.4.4"><span class="number">16.1 </span><span class="name">Open Fibre channel over Ethernet SAN</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-inst-nfsserver1"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">NFS server configuration tool</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.11.6.8.10.4.3.2"><span class="number">20.1 </span><span class="name">Determining Windows domain membership</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.11.6.8.11.4.3"><span class="number">20.2 </span><span class="name">Windows Explorer <span class="guimenu">Advanced Attributes</span> dialog</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.11.6.8.11.4.6"><span class="number">20.3 </span><span class="name">Windows Explorer directory listing with compressed files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-samba-snapshot"><span class="number">20.4 </span><span class="name">Adding a new Samba share with snapshots enabled</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-samba-win-explorer"><span class="number">20.5 </span><span class="name">The <span class="guimenu">Previous versions</span> tab in Windows explorer</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-filesystems-other"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">File system types in Linux</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-filesystems-maxsize"><span class="number">1.2 </span><span class="name">Maximum sizes of files and file systems (on-disk format, 4 KiB block size)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-filesystems-stor-limits"><span class="number">1.3 </span><span class="name">Storage limitations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.11.3.3.5.5.3"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">File system support for resizing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.11.5.2.6.8.5"><span class="number">7.1 </span><span class="name">Comparison of RAID 5 and RAID 6</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.11.5.4.4.6"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Nested RAID levels</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.11.5.4.4.7.5"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name">Scenario for creating a RAID 10 (1+0) by nesting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.11.5.4.4.8.6"><span class="number">9.3 </span><span class="name">Scenario for creating a RAID 10 (0+1) by nesting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.11.5.4.5.4"><span class="number">9.4 </span><span class="name">Complex RAID 10 compared to nested RAID 10</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.11.5.4.5.8.3"><span class="number">9.5 </span><span class="name">Scenario for creating a RAID 10 using mdadm</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.11.5.6.7"><span class="number">11.1 </span><span class="name">Tasks involved in resizing a RAID</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.11.5.6.9"><span class="number">11.2 </span><span class="name">Scenario for increasing the size of component partitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.11.5.7.9.9.5"><span class="number">12.1 </span><span class="name">Translation between non-SES-2 patterns and SES-2 patterns</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-cd-rom"><span class="number">20.1 </span><span class="name">A CD-ROM share</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-homes-frei"><span class="number">20.2 </span><span class="name">[homes] share</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-samba-smb-conf-dom"><span class="number">20.3 </span><span class="name">Global section in smb.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.11.6.8.11.5.5.3"><span class="number">20.4 </span><span class="name">Using <code class="command">rpcclient</code> to request a Windows server 2012 share snapshot</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.11.1.6"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
@@ -5022,12 +5022,12 @@
       command, you must wait until synchronization is complete before
       continuing.
      </p></li><li class="step"><p>
-      Remove one of the component partitions from the RAID array. For example,
-      to remove <code class="filename">/dev/sda1</code>, enter
-     </p><div class="verbatim-wrap"><pre class="screen"><code class="prompt user">&gt; </code><code class="command">sudo</code> mdadm /dev/md0 --fail /dev/sda1 --remove /dev/sda1</pre></div><p>
-      To succeed, both the fail and remove actions must be specified.
-     </p></li><li class="step"><p>
-      Increase the size of the partition that you removed in the previous step
+    Attach the device you want use in the RAID, for example <code class="filename">/dev/sda2</code>, but do not mount it.
+    </p></li><li class="step"><p>
+      Replace one of the component partitions from the RAID array. For example,
+      to replace <code class="filename">/dev/sda1</code> with the bigger device <code class="filename">/dev/sda2</code>, enter
+     </p><div class="verbatim-wrap"><pre class="screen"><code class="prompt user">&gt; </code><code class="command">sudo</code> mdadm /dev/md0 --replace /dev/sda1 --with /dev/sda2</pre></div></li><li class="step"><p>
+      Increase the size of the partition (<code class="filename">/dev/sda2</code>)
       by doing one of the following:
      </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist"><li class="listitem"><p>
         Increase the size of the partition, using a disk partitioner such as
@@ -5041,12 +5041,6 @@
         data because all of the data that was on the original device must be
         rebuilt.
        </p></li></ul></div></li><li class="step"><p>
-      Re-add the partition to the RAID array. For example, to add
-      <code class="filename">/dev/sda1</code>, enter
-     </p><div class="verbatim-wrap"><pre class="screen"><code class="prompt user">&gt; </code><code class="command">sudo</code> mdadm -a /dev/md0 /dev/sda1</pre></div><p>
-      Wait until the RAID is synchronized and consistent before continuing with
-      the next partition.
-     </p></li><li class="step"><p>
       Repeat these steps for each of the remaining component devices in the
       array. Ensure that you modify the commands for the correct component
       partition.
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-storage/index.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-storage/index.html
index 8d972b6bb1..6f706afd32 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-storage/index.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-storage/index.html
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_storage.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#book-storage">Storage Administration Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-storage" data-id-title="Storage Administration Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">Storage Administration Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_storage.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p>
     This guide provides information about how to manage storage
     devices on a SUSE Linux Enterprise Server.
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-storage.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Storage Administration Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-storage.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Storage Administration Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="#storage-preface"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.11.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.11.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.11.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.11.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-filesystems"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">File systems and mounting</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-filesystems"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview of file systems in Linux</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-filesystems-glossary"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-filesystems-major-btrfs"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Btrfs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-filesystems-major-xfs"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">XFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-filesystems-major-ext2"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">Ext2</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-filesystems-major-ext3"><span class="title-number">1.5 </span><span class="title-name">Ext3</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-filesystems-major-ext4"><span class="title-number">1.6 </span><span class="title-name">Ext4</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-filesystems-major-reiser"><span class="title-number">1.7 </span><span class="title-name">ReiserFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-filessytems-zfs"><span class="title-number">1.8 </span><span class="title-name">OpenZFS and ZFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-filesystems-tmpfs"><span class="title-number">1.9 </span><span class="title-name">tmpfs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-filesystems-other"><span class="title-number">1.10 </span><span class="title-name">Other supported file systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-blacklist-filsystem"><span class="title-number">1.11 </span><span class="title-name">Blocked file systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-filesystems-lfs"><span class="title-number">1.12 </span><span class="title-name">Large file support in Linux</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-filesystems-stor-limits"><span class="title-number">1.13 </span><span class="title-name">Linux kernel storage limitations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-filesystems-trouble-trim"><span class="title-number">1.14 </span><span class="title-name">Freeing unused file system blocks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-filesystems-trouble"><span class="title-number">1.15 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting file systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-filesystems-info"><span class="title-number">1.16 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-resize-fs"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Resizing file systems</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-resize-fs-usecases"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Use cases</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-resize-fs-guidelines"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Guidelines for resizing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-resize-fs-btrfs"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the size of a Btrfs file system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-resize-fs-xfs"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the size of an XFS file system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-resize-fs-ext"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the size of an ext2, ext3, or ext4 file system</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-uuid"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Mounting storage devices</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-uuid-understanduuid"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding UUIDs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-uuid-udev"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Persistent device names with udev</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-netdev-option"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Mounting network storage devices</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-multitiercache"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Multi-tier caching for block device operations</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multitiercache-terminology"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">General terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multitiercache-caching-modes"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Caching modes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multitiercache-bcache"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">bcache</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multitiercache-lvmcache"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">lvmcache</code></span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-lvm"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Logical volumes (LVM)</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-lvm"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">LVM configuration</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lvm-explained"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding the logical volume manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lvm-vg"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating volume groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lvm-lv"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Creating logical volumes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lvm-activate-vgs"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Automatically activating non-root LVM volume groups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lvm-vg-resize"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">Resizing an existing volume group</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lvm-lv-resize"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Resizing a logical volume</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lvm-delete"><span class="title-number">5.7 </span><span class="title-name">Deleting a volume group or a logical volume</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lvm-onboot"><span class="title-number">5.8 </span><span class="title-name">Disabling LVM on boot</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lvm-cli"><span class="title-number">5.9 </span><span class="title-name">Using LVM commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lvm-tagging"><span class="title-number">5.10 </span><span class="title-name">Tagging LVM2 storage objects</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-lvm-snapshots"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">LVM volume snapshots</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lvm-snapshots-intro"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding volume snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lvm-snapshots-create"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating Linux snapshots with LVM</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lvm-snapshots-monitor"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring a snapshot</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lvm-snapshots-delete"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">Deleting Linux snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lvm-snapshots-xen-host"><span class="title-number">6.5 </span><span class="title-name">Using snapshots for virtual machines on a virtual host</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-lvm-snapshots-rollback"><span class="title-number">6.6 </span><span class="title-name">Merging a snapshot with the source logical volume to revert changes or roll back to a previous state</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-software-raid"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Software RAID</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-raid"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Software RAID configuration</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-raid-intro"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding RAID levels</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-raid-yast"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Soft RAID configuration with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-arm-raid"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring stripe size on RAID 5 on AArch64</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-raid-counters"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring software RAIDs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-raid-more"><span class="title-number">7.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-raidroot"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring software RAID for the root partition</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-raidroot-require"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Prerequisites for using a software RAID device for the root partition</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-raidroot-setup"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up the system with a software RAID device for the root (<code class="filename">/</code>) partition</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-raid10"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Creating software RAID 10 devices</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-raid10-nest"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">Creating nested RAID 10 devices with <code class="command">mdadm</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-raid10-complex"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a complex RAID 10</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-raid-degraded"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a degraded RAID array</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-raid-resize"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">Resizing software RAID arrays with mdadm</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-raid-resize-incr"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Increasing the size of a software RAID</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-raid-resize-decr"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Decreasing the size of a software RAID</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-raid-leds"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Storage enclosure LED utilities for MD software RAIDs</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-raid-leds-ledmon"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">The storage enclosure LED monitor service</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-raid-leds-ledctl"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">The storage enclosure LED control application</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-raid-leds-info"><span class="title-number">12.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-raidtroubleshooting"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting software RAIDs</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-raid-trouble-autorecovery"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Recovery after failing disk is back again</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-net-storage"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Network storage</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-isns"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">iSNS for Linux</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-isns-overview"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">How iSNS works</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-isns-install"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing iSNS server for Linux</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-isns-domains"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring iSNS discovery domains</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-isns-start"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">Starting the iSNS service</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-isns-info"><span class="title-number">14.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-iscsi"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Mass storage over IP networks: iSCSI</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-iscsi-install"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installing the iSCSI LIO target server and iSCSI initiator</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-iscsi-target"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an iSCSI LIO target server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-iscsi-initiator"><span class="title-number">15.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring iSCSI initiator</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-iscsi-targetcli"><span class="title-number">15.4 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up software targets using targetcli-fb</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-iscsi-installation"><span class="title-number">15.5 </span><span class="title-name">Using iSCSI disks when installing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-iscsi-trouble"><span class="title-number">15.6 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting iSCSI</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-iscsi-terminology"><span class="title-number">15.7 </span><span class="title-name">iSCSI LIO target terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-iscsi-info"><span class="title-number">15.8 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-fcoe"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Fibre Channel storage over Ethernet networks: FCoE</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fcoe-installation"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring FCoE interfaces during the installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fcoe-install"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing FCoE and the YaST FCoE client</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fcoe-yast"><span class="title-number">16.3 </span><span class="title-name">Managing FCoE services with YaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fcoe-cli"><span class="title-number">16.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring FCoE with commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fcoe-admin"><span class="title-number">16.5 </span><span class="title-name">Managing FCoE instances with the FCoE administration tool</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-fcoe-info"><span class="title-number">16.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-nvmeof"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">NVMe-oF</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvmeof-overview"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvmeof-host-configuration"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an NVMe-oF host</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvmeof-target-configuration"><span class="title-number">17.3 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up an NVMe-oF target</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvmeof-hardware"><span class="title-number">17.4 </span><span class="title-name">Special hardware configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvmeof-boot"><span class="title-number">17.5 </span><span class="title-name">Booting from NVMe-oF over TCP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nvmeof-more-information"><span class="title-number">17.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-multipath"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">Managing multipath I/O for devices</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multipath-intro"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Understanding multipath I/O</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multipath-hardware"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multipath-planning"><span class="title-number">18.3 </span><span class="title-name">Planning for multipathing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multipath-installing"><span class="title-number">18.4 </span><span class="title-name">Installing <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span> on multipath systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multipath-offline-update"><span class="title-number">18.5 </span><span class="title-name">Updating SLE on multipath systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multipath-mpiotools"><span class="title-number">18.6 </span><span class="title-name">Multipath management tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multipath-config"><span class="title-number">18.7 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the system for multipathing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multipath-conf-file"><span class="title-number">18.8 </span><span class="title-name">Multipath configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multipath-policies-default"><span class="title-number">18.9 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring policies for failover, queuing, and failback</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multipath-grouping"><span class="title-number">18.10 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring path grouping and priorities</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multipath-select-devices"><span class="title-number">18.11 </span><span class="title-name">Selecting devices for multipathing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multipath-names"><span class="title-number">18.12 </span><span class="title-name">Multipath device names and WWIDs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multipath-conf-misc"><span class="title-number">18.13 </span><span class="title-name">Miscellaneous options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multipath-best-practice"><span class="title-number">18.14 </span><span class="title-name">Best practice</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-multipath-trouble"><span class="title-number">18.15 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting MPIO</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-nfs"><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">Sharing file systems with NFS</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nfs-overview"><span class="title-number">19.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nfs-installation"><span class="title-number">19.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing NFS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nfs-configuring-nfs-server"><span class="title-number">19.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring NFS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nfs-configuring-nfs-clients"><span class="title-number">19.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring clients</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nfs-firewall"><span class="title-number">19.5 </span><span class="title-name">Operating an NFS server and clients behind a firewall</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#nfs4-acls"><span class="title-number">19.6 </span><span class="title-name">Managing Access Control Lists over NFSv4</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nfs-info"><span class="title-number">19.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-nfs-troubleshooting"><span class="title-number">19.8 </span><span class="title-name">Gathering information for NFS troubleshooting</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-samba"><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">Samba</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-samba-term"><span class="title-number">20.1 </span><span class="title-name">Terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-samba-install"><span class="title-number">20.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing a Samba server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-samba-serv-start"><span class="title-number">20.3 </span><span class="title-name">Starting and stopping Samba</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-samba-serv-inst"><span class="title-number">20.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a Samba server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-samba-client-inst"><span class="title-number">20.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring clients</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-samba-anmeld-serv"><span class="title-number">20.6 </span><span class="title-name">Samba as login server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-samba-adnet"><span class="title-number">20.7 </span><span class="title-name">Samba server in the network with Active Directory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-samba-advanced"><span class="title-number">20.8 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced topics</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-samba-info"><span class="title-number">20.9 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-autofs"><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name">On-demand mounting with autofs</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-autofs-installation"><span class="title-number">21.1 </span><span class="title-name">Installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-autofs-configuration"><span class="title-number">21.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-autofs-debugging"><span class="title-number">21.3 </span><span class="title-name">Operation and debugging</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-autofs-nfs"><span class="title-number">21.4 </span><span class="title-name">Auto-mounting an NFS share</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-autofs-advanced"><span class="title-number">21.5 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced topics</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#id-1.11.7"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.11.7.4"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.11.3.2.9.7.3.3.4.2"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Enabling Btrfs quotas</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.11.3.2.9.7.3.3.6.2"><span class="number">1.2 </span><span class="name">Setting quota for a subvolume</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.11.3.2.9.7.3.3.6.4"><span class="number">1.3 </span><span class="name">List of subvolumes for a device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-lvm-explain"><span class="number">5.1 </span><span class="name">Physical partitioning versus LVM</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-lvm-physical-volumes"><span class="number">5.2 </span><span class="name">Physical volumes in the volume group named DATA</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-raid3"><span class="number">7.1 </span><span class="name">Example RAID 5 configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.11.6.2.7.4"><span class="number">14.1 </span><span class="name">iSNS discovery domains</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.11.6.3.4"><span class="number">15.1 </span><span class="name">iSCSI SAN with an iSNS server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.11.6.4.4"><span class="number">16.1 </span><span class="name">Open Fibre channel over Ethernet SAN</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-inst-nfsserver1"><span class="number">19.1 </span><span class="name">NFS server configuration tool</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.11.6.8.10.4.3.2"><span class="number">20.1 </span><span class="name">Determining Windows domain membership</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.11.6.8.11.4.3"><span class="number">20.2 </span><span class="name">Windows Explorer <span class="guimenu">Advanced Attributes</span> dialog</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.11.6.8.11.4.6"><span class="number">20.3 </span><span class="name">Windows Explorer directory listing with compressed files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-yast2-samba-snapshot"><span class="number">20.4 </span><span class="name">Adding a new Samba share with snapshots enabled</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-samba-win-explorer"><span class="number">20.5 </span><span class="name">The <span class="guimenu">Previous versions</span> tab in Windows explorer</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-filesystems-other"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">File system types in Linux</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-filesystems-maxsize"><span class="number">1.2 </span><span class="name">Maximum sizes of files and file systems (on-disk format, 4 KiB block size)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-filesystems-stor-limits"><span class="number">1.3 </span><span class="name">Storage limitations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.11.3.3.5.5.3"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">File system support for resizing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.11.5.2.6.8.5"><span class="number">7.1 </span><span class="name">Comparison of RAID 5 and RAID 6</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.11.5.4.4.6"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Nested RAID levels</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.11.5.4.4.7.5"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name">Scenario for creating a RAID 10 (1+0) by nesting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.11.5.4.4.8.6"><span class="number">9.3 </span><span class="name">Scenario for creating a RAID 10 (0+1) by nesting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.11.5.4.5.4"><span class="number">9.4 </span><span class="name">Complex RAID 10 compared to nested RAID 10</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.11.5.4.5.8.3"><span class="number">9.5 </span><span class="name">Scenario for creating a RAID 10 using mdadm</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.11.5.6.7"><span class="number">11.1 </span><span class="name">Tasks involved in resizing a RAID</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.11.5.6.9"><span class="number">11.2 </span><span class="name">Scenario for increasing the size of component partitions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.11.5.7.9.9.5"><span class="number">12.1 </span><span class="name">Translation between non-SES-2 patterns and SES-2 patterns</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-cd-rom"><span class="number">20.1 </span><span class="name">A CD-ROM share</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-homes-frei"><span class="number">20.2 </span><span class="name">[homes] share</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#dat-samba-smb-conf-dom"><span class="number">20.3 </span><span class="name">Global section in smb.conf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.11.6.8.11.5.5.3"><span class="number">20.4 </span><span class="name">Using <code class="command">rpcclient</code> to request a Windows server 2012 share snapshot</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.11.1.6"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
@@ -5022,12 +5022,12 @@
       command, you must wait until synchronization is complete before
       continuing.
      </p></li><li class="step"><p>
-      Remove one of the component partitions from the RAID array. For example,
-      to remove <code class="filename">/dev/sda1</code>, enter
-     </p><div class="verbatim-wrap"><pre class="screen"><code class="prompt user">&gt; </code><code class="command">sudo</code> mdadm /dev/md0 --fail /dev/sda1 --remove /dev/sda1</pre></div><p>
-      To succeed, both the fail and remove actions must be specified.
-     </p></li><li class="step"><p>
-      Increase the size of the partition that you removed in the previous step
+    Attach the device you want use in the RAID, for example <code class="filename">/dev/sda2</code>, but do not mount it.
+    </p></li><li class="step"><p>
+      Replace one of the component partitions from the RAID array. For example,
+      to replace <code class="filename">/dev/sda1</code> with the bigger device <code class="filename">/dev/sda2</code>, enter
+     </p><div class="verbatim-wrap"><pre class="screen"><code class="prompt user">&gt; </code><code class="command">sudo</code> mdadm /dev/md0 --replace /dev/sda1 --with /dev/sda2</pre></div></li><li class="step"><p>
+      Increase the size of the partition (<code class="filename">/dev/sda2</code>)
       by doing one of the following:
      </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist"><li class="listitem"><p>
         Increase the size of the partition, using a disk partitioner such as
@@ -5041,12 +5041,6 @@
         data because all of the data that was on the original device must be
         rebuilt.
        </p></li></ul></div></li><li class="step"><p>
-      Re-add the partition to the RAID array. For example, to add
-      <code class="filename">/dev/sda1</code>, enter
-     </p><div class="verbatim-wrap"><pre class="screen"><code class="prompt user">&gt; </code><code class="command">sudo</code> mdadm -a /dev/md0 /dev/sda1</pre></div><p>
-      Wait until the RAID is synchronized and consistent before continuing with
-      the next partition.
-     </p></li><li class="step"><p>
       Repeat these steps for each of the remaining component devices in the
       array. Ensure that you modify the commands for the correct component
       partition.
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-tuning/book-tuning_draft.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-tuning/book-tuning_draft.html
index a0cf5817c6..82d7ffdf13 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-tuning/book-tuning_draft.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-tuning/book-tuning_draft.html
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@
 });
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_tuning.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#book-tuning">System Analysis and Tuning Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-tuning" data-id-title="System Analysis and Tuning Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">System Analysis and Tuning Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_tuning.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p> This guide supports administrators in problem detection,
-     resolution and optimization. </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-tuning.html" target="_blank">Revision History: System Analysis and Tuning Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+     resolution and optimization. </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-tuning.html" target="_blank">Revision History: System Analysis and Tuning Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="#preface-tuning"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.9.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.9.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.9.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.9.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-tuning-basics"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Basics</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-basics"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">General notes on system tuning</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-basics-what"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Be sure what problem to solve</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-basics-common"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Rule out common problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-basics-bottleneck"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Finding the bottleneck</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-basics-tuning"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">Step-by-step tuning</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-tuning-monitoring"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">System monitoring</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-util"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">System monitoring utilities</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-multi"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Multi-purpose tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-system"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">System information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-processes"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Processes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-memory"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-networking"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Networking</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-proc"><span class="title-number">2.6 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="filename">/proc</code> file system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-hardware"><span class="title-number">2.7 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-file"><span class="title-number">2.8 </span><span class="title-name">Files and file systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-user"><span class="title-number">2.9 </span><span class="title-name">User information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-time"><span class="title-number">2.10 </span><span class="title-name">Time and date</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-rrdtool"><span class="title-number">2.11 </span><span class="title-name">Graph your data: RRDtool</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-syslog"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">System log files</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-syslog-logs"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">System log files in <code class="filename">/var/log/</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-syslog-view"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing and parsing log files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-syslog-logrotate"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Managing log files with <code class="command">logrotate</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-syslog-logwatch"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring log files with <code class="command">logwatch</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-syslog-forward"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring mail forwarding for <code class="systemitem">root</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-syslog-server"><span class="title-number">3.6 </span><span class="title-name">Forwarding log messages to a central syslog server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-syslog-logger"><span class="title-number">3.7 </span><span class="title-name">Using <code class="command">logger</code> to make system log entries</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-tuning-kerneltrace"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Kernel monitoring</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-systemtap"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">SystemTap—filtering and analyzing system data</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-systemtap-concept"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-systemtap-setup"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation and setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-systemtap-syntax"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Script syntax</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-systemtap-example"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">Example script</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-systemtap-userspace"><span class="title-number">4.5 </span><span class="title-name">User space probing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-systemtap-more"><span class="title-number">4.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-kprobes"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel probes</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kprobes-supparch"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Supported architectures</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kprobes-types"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Types of kernel probes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kprobes-api"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Kprobes API</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kprobes-debugfs"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">debugfs</code> Interface</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kprobes-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-perf"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware-based performance monitoring with Perf</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-perf-concept"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware-based monitoring</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-perf-sample-count"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Sampling and counting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-perf-install"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing Perf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-perf-subcommand"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">Perf subcommands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-perf-event"><span class="title-number">6.5 </span><span class="title-name">Counting particular types of event</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-perf-command"><span class="title-number">6.6 </span><span class="title-name">Recording events specific to particular commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-perf-more"><span class="title-number">6.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-oprofile"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">OProfile—system-wide profiler</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-oprofile-overview"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-oprofile-install"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation and requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-oprofile-utils"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Available OProfile utilities</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-oprofile-using"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using OProfile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-oprofiles-report"><span class="title-number">7.5 </span><span class="title-name">Generating reports</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-oprofile-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">7.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-dynamic-debug"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic debug—kernel debugging messages</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-dynamic-debug-benefits"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Benefits of dynamic debugging</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-dynamic-debug-check"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Checking the status of dynamic debug</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-dynamic-debug-use"><span class="title-number">8.3 </span><span class="title-name">Using dynamic debug</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-dynamic-debug-view"><span class="title-number">8.4 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing the dynamic debug messages</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-tuning-resources"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Resource management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-resources"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">General system resource management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-resources-installation"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">Planning the installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-resources-services"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Disabling unnecessary services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-resources-disk"><span class="title-number">9.3 </span><span class="title-name">File systems and disk access</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-cgroups"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel control groups</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-cgroups-overview"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-cgroups-accounting"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Resource accounting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-cgroups-usage"><span class="title-number">10.3 </span><span class="title-name">Setting resource limits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-cgroups-tasksmax"><span class="title-number">10.4 </span><span class="title-name">Preventing fork bombs with <code class="literal">TasksMax</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-control-io-cgroups"><span class="title-number">10.5 </span><span class="title-name">I/O control with cgroups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.9.6.3.8"><span class="title-number">10.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-numactl"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">Automatic Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) balancing</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-numactl-implementation"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Implementation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-numactl-configuration"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-numactl-monitoring"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-numactl-impact"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Impact</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-power"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Power management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-power-cpu"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">Power management at CPU Level</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-power-governors"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">In-kernel governors</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-power-tools-cpupower"><span class="title-number">12.3 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="systemitem">cpupower</code> tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-power-options"><span class="title-number">12.4 </span><span class="title-name">Special tuning options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-power-trouble"><span class="title-number">12.5 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-power-more"><span class="title-number">12.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-power-tools-powertop"><span class="title-number">12.7 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring power consumption with powerTOP</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-tuned"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Adaptive and dynamic tuning using TuneD</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-tuned-introduction"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to TuneD</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-tuned-components"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Components of TuneD</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-tuned-management"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">Managing TuneD</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-tuned-profiles"><span class="title-number">13.4 </span><span class="title-name">TuneD profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-tuned-configuration"><span class="title-number">13.5 </span><span class="title-name">TuneD configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-tuned-plugins"><span class="title-number">13.6 </span><span class="title-name">TuneD plug-ins</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-tuned-more"><span class="title-number">13.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-tuning-kernel"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Kernel tuning</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-io"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning I/O performance</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-io-switch"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">Switching I/O scheduling</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-io-schedulers-blkmq"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Available I/O elevators with blk-mq I/O path</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-io-barrier"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">I/O barrier tuning</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-taskscheduler"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the task scheduler</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-taskscheduler-intro"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-taskscheduler-policy-class"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Process classification</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-taskscheduler-cfs"><span class="title-number">15.3 </span><span class="title-name">Completely Fair Scheduler</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-taskscheduler-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">15.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-memory"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the memory management subsystem</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-memory-usage"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Memory usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-memory-optimize"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">Reducing memory usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-memory-vm"><span class="title-number">16.3 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual memory manager (VM) tunable parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-memory-monitoring"><span class="title-number">16.4 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring VM behavior</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-network"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the network</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-network-buffers"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configurable kernel socket buffers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-network-analyzing"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name">Detecting network bottlenecks and analyzing network traffic</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-network-netfilter"><span class="title-number">17.3 </span><span class="title-name">Netfilter</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-network-rps"><span class="title-number">17.4 </span><span class="title-name">Improving the network performance with receive packet steering (RPS)</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-sapconf"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning SUSE Linux Enterprise for SAP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sapconf-5"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning SLE Systems with <code class="literal">sapconf</code> 5</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-tuning-dumps"><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">Handling system dumps</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-tracing"><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">Tracing tools</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-tracing-strace"><span class="title-number">19.1 </span><span class="title-name">Tracing system calls with strace</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-tracing-ltrace"><span class="title-number">19.2 </span><span class="title-name">Tracing library calls with ltrace</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-tracing-valgrind"><span class="title-number">19.3 </span><span class="title-name">Debugging and profiling with Valgrind</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-tracing-valgrind-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">19.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-kexec"><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">Kexec and Kdump</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kexec-intro"><span class="title-number">20.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kexec-pkgs"><span class="title-number">20.2 </span><span class="title-name">Required packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kexec-internals"><span class="title-number">20.3 </span><span class="title-name">Kexec internals</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-kexec-crashkernel"><span class="title-number">20.4 </span><span class="title-name">Calculating <code class="option">crashkernel</code> allocation size</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kexec-basic-usage"><span class="title-number">20.5 </span><span class="title-name">Basic Kexec usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kexec-config"><span class="title-number">20.6 </span><span class="title-name">How to configure Kexec for routine reboots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kdump-basic"><span class="title-number">20.7 </span><span class="title-name">Basic Kdump configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kdump-analyze"><span class="title-number">20.8 </span><span class="title-name">Analyzing the crash dump</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kdump-advanced"><span class="title-number">20.9 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced Kdump configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kdump-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">20.10 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-systemd-coredump"><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name">Using <code class="systemitem">systemd-coredump</code> to debug application crashes</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sect-sys-coredump-default"><span class="title-number">21.1 </span><span class="title-name">Use and configuration</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-tuning-ptp"><span class="title-number">VII </span><span class="title-name">Synchronized clocks with Precision Time Protocol</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-ptp"><span class="title-number">22 </span><span class="title-name">Precision Time Protocol</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#tuning-ptp-intro"><span class="title-number">22.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to PTP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#tuning-ptp-using"><span class="title-number">22.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using PTP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#tuning-ptp-phc2sys"><span class="title-number">22.3 </span><span class="title-name">Synchronizing the clocks with <code class="command">phc2sys</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#tuning-ptp-examples"><span class="title-number">22.4 </span><span class="title-name">Examples of configurations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#tuning-ptp-ntp"><span class="title-number">22.5 </span><span class="title-name">PTP and NTP</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#id-1.9.10"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.9.10.4"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="#util-rrdtool-example-create-graph1"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">Example graph created with RRDtool</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-powertop-curses"><span class="number">12.1 </span><span class="name">powerTOP in interactive mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-powertop-html"><span class="number">12.2 </span><span class="name">HTML powerTOP report</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-tuning-kdump-basic-yast-kdump1"><span class="number">20.1 </span><span class="name">YaST Kdump module: start-up page</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.9.4.2.11.5.5"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">List of query options of <code class="command">ethtool</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-tuning-power-cstates"><span class="number">12.1 </span><span class="name">C-states</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-tunables-mq-deadline"><span class="number">14.1 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">MQ-DEADLINE</code> tunable parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-tunables-bfq"><span class="number">14.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">BFQ</code> tunable parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-tunables-kyber"><span class="number">14.3 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">KYBER</code> tunable parameters</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.4.2.7.3.5"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">vmstat</code> output on a lightly used machine</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.4.2.7.3.6"><span class="number">2.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">vmstat</code> output on a heavily used machine (CPU bound)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-tuning-syslog-logrotate-config"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">Example for <code class="filename">/etc/logrotate.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-tuning-stap-simple"><span class="number">4.1 </span><span class="name">Simple SystemTap script</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-tuning-stap-async"><span class="number">4.2 </span><span class="name">Probe with timer event</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-tuning-stap-printf-formatspec"><span class="number">4.3 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">printf</code> Function with format specifiers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.5.2.6.8.4.3.6"><span class="number">4.4 </span><span class="name">Using global variables</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.5.2.7.4"><span class="number">4.5 </span><span class="name">Monitoring incoming TCP connections with <code class="literal">tcp_connections.stp</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.5.5.4.3"><span class="number">12.1 </span><span class="name">Example output of <code class="command">cpupower frequency-info</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.5.5.5.3"><span class="number">12.2 </span><span class="name">Example output of <code class="command">cpupower idle-info</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-cpupower-monitor"><span class="number">12.3 </span><span class="name">Example <code class="command">cpupower monitor</code> output</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.6.4.6.5"><span class="number">13.1 </span><span class="name">Creating and applying a profile hook</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.6.4.6.5.3.1.2"><span class="number">13.2 </span><span class="name">Custom hook script to handle specific tasks before applying the custom profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.6.4.6.5.3.3.2"><span class="number">13.3 </span><span class="name">TuneD profile with custom script path</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.7.4.4"><span class="number">13.4 </span><span class="name">Default global TuneD configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.7.6.5.4"><span class="number">13.5 </span><span class="name">Merging <code class="literal">balanced</code> and <code class="literal">powersave</code> TuneD profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.7.6.5.4.2.3.2"><span class="number">13.6 </span><span class="name">Merged configuration for <code class="literal">balanced</code> and <code class="literal">powersave</code> TuneD profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.2.2.8"><span class="number">13.7 </span><span class="name">Automatic reload of kernel modules by TuneD</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.3.2.5"><span class="number">13.8 </span><span class="name">TuneD plug-in configuration for CPU-intensive workload</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.4.2.2"><span class="number">13.9 </span><span class="name">TuneD plug-in configuration for optimal audio performance</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.6.2.5"><span class="number">13.10 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">disk</code> plug-in configuration in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.8.2.6"><span class="number">13.11 </span><span class="name">Using dynamic variables for plug-in configurations in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.9.2.10"><span class="number">13.12 </span><span class="name">Sample configuration for the <code class="literal">sysctl</code> plug-in in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.10.2.2"><span class="number">13.13 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">sysfs</code> plug-in configuration in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.11.2.2"><span class="number">13.14 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">systemd</code> plug-in configuration in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.12.2.4"><span class="number">13.15 </span><span class="name">Using variables for including a relative script path in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.13.2.4"><span class="number">13.16 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">scheduler</code> plug-in configuration in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.14.2.5"><span class="number">13.17 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">bootloader</code> plug-in configuration in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.15.2.4"><span class="number">13.18 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">net</code> plug-in configuration in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.16.2.4"><span class="number">13.19 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">vm</code> plug-in configuration in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-sapconf-change-parameter-5"><span class="number">18.1 </span><span class="name">Checking Parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.9.2.8.3"><span class="number">22.1 </span><span class="name">Slave clock using software time stamping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.9.2.8.4"><span class="number">22.2 </span><span class="name">Slave clock using hardware time stamping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.9.2.8.5"><span class="number">22.3 </span><span class="name">Master clock using hardware time stamping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.9.2.8.6"><span class="number">22.4 </span><span class="name">Master clock using software time stamping (not generally recommended)</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.9.1.5"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
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 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_tuning.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#book-tuning">System Analysis and Tuning Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-tuning" data-id-title="System Analysis and Tuning Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">System Analysis and Tuning Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_tuning.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p> This guide supports administrators in problem detection,
-     resolution and optimization. </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-tuning.html" target="_blank">Revision History: System Analysis and Tuning Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+     resolution and optimization. </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-tuning.html" target="_blank">Revision History: System Analysis and Tuning Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="#preface-tuning"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.9.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.9.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.9.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.9.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-tuning-basics"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Basics</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-basics"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">General notes on system tuning</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-basics-what"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Be sure what problem to solve</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-basics-common"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Rule out common problems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-basics-bottleneck"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Finding the bottleneck</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-basics-tuning"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">Step-by-step tuning</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-tuning-monitoring"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">System monitoring</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-util"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">System monitoring utilities</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-multi"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Multi-purpose tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-system"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">System information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-processes"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Processes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-memory"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-networking"><span class="title-number">2.5 </span><span class="title-name">Networking</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-proc"><span class="title-number">2.6 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="filename">/proc</code> file system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-hardware"><span class="title-number">2.7 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-file"><span class="title-number">2.8 </span><span class="title-name">Files and file systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-user"><span class="title-number">2.9 </span><span class="title-name">User information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-time"><span class="title-number">2.10 </span><span class="title-name">Time and date</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-util-rrdtool"><span class="title-number">2.11 </span><span class="title-name">Graph your data: RRDtool</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-syslog"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">System log files</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-syslog-logs"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">System log files in <code class="filename">/var/log/</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-syslog-view"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing and parsing log files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-syslog-logrotate"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Managing log files with <code class="command">logrotate</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-syslog-logwatch"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring log files with <code class="command">logwatch</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-syslog-forward"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring mail forwarding for <code class="systemitem">root</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-syslog-server"><span class="title-number">3.6 </span><span class="title-name">Forwarding log messages to a central syslog server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-syslog-logger"><span class="title-number">3.7 </span><span class="title-name">Using <code class="command">logger</code> to make system log entries</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-tuning-kerneltrace"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Kernel monitoring</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-systemtap"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">SystemTap—filtering and analyzing system data</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-systemtap-concept"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-systemtap-setup"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation and setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-systemtap-syntax"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Script syntax</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-systemtap-example"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">Example script</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-systemtap-userspace"><span class="title-number">4.5 </span><span class="title-name">User space probing</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-systemtap-more"><span class="title-number">4.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-kprobes"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel probes</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kprobes-supparch"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Supported architectures</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kprobes-types"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Types of kernel probes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kprobes-api"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Kprobes API</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kprobes-debugfs"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">debugfs</code> Interface</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kprobes-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-perf"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware-based performance monitoring with Perf</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-perf-concept"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Hardware-based monitoring</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-perf-sample-count"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Sampling and counting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-perf-install"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installing Perf</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-perf-subcommand"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">Perf subcommands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-perf-event"><span class="title-number">6.5 </span><span class="title-name">Counting particular types of event</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-perf-command"><span class="title-number">6.6 </span><span class="title-name">Recording events specific to particular commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-perf-more"><span class="title-number">6.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-oprofile"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">OProfile—system-wide profiler</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-oprofile-overview"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-oprofile-install"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installation and requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-oprofile-utils"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Available OProfile utilities</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-oprofile-using"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using OProfile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-oprofiles-report"><span class="title-number">7.5 </span><span class="title-name">Generating reports</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-oprofile-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">7.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-dynamic-debug"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic debug—kernel debugging messages</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-dynamic-debug-benefits"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Benefits of dynamic debugging</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-dynamic-debug-check"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Checking the status of dynamic debug</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-dynamic-debug-use"><span class="title-number">8.3 </span><span class="title-name">Using dynamic debug</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-dynamic-debug-view"><span class="title-number">8.4 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing the dynamic debug messages</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-tuning-resources"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Resource management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-resources"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">General system resource management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-resources-installation"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">Planning the installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-resources-services"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Disabling unnecessary services</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-resources-disk"><span class="title-number">9.3 </span><span class="title-name">File systems and disk access</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-cgroups"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Kernel control groups</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-cgroups-overview"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-cgroups-accounting"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Resource accounting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-cgroups-usage"><span class="title-number">10.3 </span><span class="title-name">Setting resource limits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-cgroups-tasksmax"><span class="title-number">10.4 </span><span class="title-name">Preventing fork bombs with <code class="literal">TasksMax</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-control-io-cgroups"><span class="title-number">10.5 </span><span class="title-name">I/O control with cgroups</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.9.6.3.8"><span class="title-number">10.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-numactl"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">Automatic Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) balancing</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-numactl-implementation"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Implementation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-numactl-configuration"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-numactl-monitoring"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-numactl-impact"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Impact</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-power"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Power management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-power-cpu"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">Power management at CPU Level</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-power-governors"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">In-kernel governors</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-power-tools-cpupower"><span class="title-number">12.3 </span><span class="title-name">The <code class="systemitem">cpupower</code> tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-power-options"><span class="title-number">12.4 </span><span class="title-name">Special tuning options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-power-trouble"><span class="title-number">12.5 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-power-more"><span class="title-number">12.6 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-power-tools-powertop"><span class="title-number">12.7 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring power consumption with powerTOP</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-tuned"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Adaptive and dynamic tuning using TuneD</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-tuned-introduction"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to TuneD</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-tuned-components"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Components of TuneD</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-tuned-management"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">Managing TuneD</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-tuned-profiles"><span class="title-number">13.4 </span><span class="title-name">TuneD profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-tuned-configuration"><span class="title-number">13.5 </span><span class="title-name">TuneD configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-tuned-plugins"><span class="title-number">13.6 </span><span class="title-name">TuneD plug-ins</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-tuned-more"><span class="title-number">13.7 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-tuning-kernel"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Kernel tuning</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-io"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning I/O performance</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-io-switch"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">Switching I/O scheduling</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-io-schedulers-blkmq"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Available I/O elevators with blk-mq I/O path</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-io-barrier"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">I/O barrier tuning</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-taskscheduler"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the task scheduler</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-taskscheduler-intro"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-taskscheduler-policy-class"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Process classification</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-taskscheduler-cfs"><span class="title-number">15.3 </span><span class="title-name">Completely Fair Scheduler</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-taskscheduler-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">15.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-memory"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the memory management subsystem</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-memory-usage"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Memory usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-memory-optimize"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">Reducing memory usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-memory-vm"><span class="title-number">16.3 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual memory manager (VM) tunable parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-memory-monitoring"><span class="title-number">16.4 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring VM behavior</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-network"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning the network</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-network-buffers"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configurable kernel socket buffers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-network-analyzing"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name">Detecting network bottlenecks and analyzing network traffic</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-network-netfilter"><span class="title-number">17.3 </span><span class="title-name">Netfilter</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-network-rps"><span class="title-number">17.4 </span><span class="title-name">Improving the network performance with receive packet steering (RPS)</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-sapconf"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning SUSE Linux Enterprise for SAP</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-sapconf-5"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">Tuning SLE Systems with <code class="literal">sapconf</code> 5</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-tuning-dumps"><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">Handling system dumps</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-tracing"><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">Tracing tools</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-tracing-strace"><span class="title-number">19.1 </span><span class="title-name">Tracing system calls with strace</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-tracing-ltrace"><span class="title-number">19.2 </span><span class="title-name">Tracing library calls with ltrace</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-tracing-valgrind"><span class="title-number">19.3 </span><span class="title-name">Debugging and profiling with Valgrind</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-tracing-valgrind-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">19.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-kexec"><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">Kexec and Kdump</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kexec-intro"><span class="title-number">20.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kexec-pkgs"><span class="title-number">20.2 </span><span class="title-name">Required packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kexec-internals"><span class="title-number">20.3 </span><span class="title-name">Kexec internals</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tuning-kexec-crashkernel"><span class="title-number">20.4 </span><span class="title-name">Calculating <code class="option">crashkernel</code> allocation size</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kexec-basic-usage"><span class="title-number">20.5 </span><span class="title-name">Basic Kexec usage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kexec-config"><span class="title-number">20.6 </span><span class="title-name">How to configure Kexec for routine reboots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kdump-basic"><span class="title-number">20.7 </span><span class="title-name">Basic Kdump configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kdump-analyze"><span class="title-number">20.8 </span><span class="title-name">Analyzing the crash dump</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kdump-advanced"><span class="title-number">20.9 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced Kdump configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-tuning-kdump-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">20.10 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-systemd-coredump"><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name">Using <code class="systemitem">systemd-coredump</code> to debug application crashes</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sect-sys-coredump-default"><span class="title-number">21.1 </span><span class="title-name">Use and configuration</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-tuning-ptp"><span class="title-number">VII </span><span class="title-name">Synchronized clocks with Precision Time Protocol</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tuning-ptp"><span class="title-number">22 </span><span class="title-name">Precision Time Protocol</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#tuning-ptp-intro"><span class="title-number">22.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to PTP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#tuning-ptp-using"><span class="title-number">22.2 </span><span class="title-name">Using PTP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#tuning-ptp-phc2sys"><span class="title-number">22.3 </span><span class="title-name">Synchronizing the clocks with <code class="command">phc2sys</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#tuning-ptp-examples"><span class="title-number">22.4 </span><span class="title-name">Examples of configurations</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#tuning-ptp-ntp"><span class="title-number">22.5 </span><span class="title-name">PTP and NTP</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#id-1.9.10"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.9.10.4"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="#util-rrdtool-example-create-graph1"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">Example graph created with RRDtool</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-powertop-curses"><span class="number">12.1 </span><span class="name">powerTOP in interactive mode</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-powertop-html"><span class="number">12.2 </span><span class="name">HTML powerTOP report</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-tuning-kdump-basic-yast-kdump1"><span class="number">20.1 </span><span class="name">YaST Kdump module: start-up page</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.9.4.2.11.5.5"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">List of query options of <code class="command">ethtool</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-tuning-power-cstates"><span class="number">12.1 </span><span class="name">C-states</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-tunables-mq-deadline"><span class="number">14.1 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">MQ-DEADLINE</code> tunable parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-tunables-bfq"><span class="number">14.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">BFQ</code> tunable parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-tunables-kyber"><span class="number">14.3 </span><span class="name"><code class="systemitem">KYBER</code> tunable parameters</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.4.2.7.3.5"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">vmstat</code> output on a lightly used machine</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.4.2.7.3.6"><span class="number">2.2 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">vmstat</code> output on a heavily used machine (CPU bound)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-tuning-syslog-logrotate-config"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">Example for <code class="filename">/etc/logrotate.conf</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-tuning-stap-simple"><span class="number">4.1 </span><span class="name">Simple SystemTap script</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-tuning-stap-async"><span class="number">4.2 </span><span class="name">Probe with timer event</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-tuning-stap-printf-formatspec"><span class="number">4.3 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">printf</code> Function with format specifiers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.5.2.6.8.4.3.6"><span class="number">4.4 </span><span class="name">Using global variables</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.5.2.7.4"><span class="number">4.5 </span><span class="name">Monitoring incoming TCP connections with <code class="literal">tcp_connections.stp</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.5.5.4.3"><span class="number">12.1 </span><span class="name">Example output of <code class="command">cpupower frequency-info</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.5.5.5.3"><span class="number">12.2 </span><span class="name">Example output of <code class="command">cpupower idle-info</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-cpupower-monitor"><span class="number">12.3 </span><span class="name">Example <code class="command">cpupower monitor</code> output</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.6.4.6.5"><span class="number">13.1 </span><span class="name">Creating and applying a profile hook</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.6.4.6.5.3.1.2"><span class="number">13.2 </span><span class="name">Custom hook script to handle specific tasks before applying the custom profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.6.4.6.5.3.3.2"><span class="number">13.3 </span><span class="name">TuneD profile with custom script path</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.7.4.4"><span class="number">13.4 </span><span class="name">Default global TuneD configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.7.6.5.4"><span class="number">13.5 </span><span class="name">Merging <code class="literal">balanced</code> and <code class="literal">powersave</code> TuneD profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.7.6.5.4.2.3.2"><span class="number">13.6 </span><span class="name">Merged configuration for <code class="literal">balanced</code> and <code class="literal">powersave</code> TuneD profiles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.2.2.8"><span class="number">13.7 </span><span class="name">Automatic reload of kernel modules by TuneD</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.3.2.5"><span class="number">13.8 </span><span class="name">TuneD plug-in configuration for CPU-intensive workload</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.4.2.2"><span class="number">13.9 </span><span class="name">TuneD plug-in configuration for optimal audio performance</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.6.2.5"><span class="number">13.10 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">disk</code> plug-in configuration in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.8.2.6"><span class="number">13.11 </span><span class="name">Using dynamic variables for plug-in configurations in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.9.2.10"><span class="number">13.12 </span><span class="name">Sample configuration for the <code class="literal">sysctl</code> plug-in in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.10.2.2"><span class="number">13.13 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">sysfs</code> plug-in configuration in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.11.2.2"><span class="number">13.14 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">systemd</code> plug-in configuration in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.12.2.4"><span class="number">13.15 </span><span class="name">Using variables for including a relative script path in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.13.2.4"><span class="number">13.16 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">scheduler</code> plug-in configuration in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.14.2.5"><span class="number">13.17 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">bootloader</code> plug-in configuration in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.15.2.4"><span class="number">13.18 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">net</code> plug-in configuration in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.6.6.8.7.3.16.2.4"><span class="number">13.19 </span><span class="name"><code class="literal">vm</code> plug-in configuration in a TuneD profile</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-sapconf-change-parameter-5"><span class="number">18.1 </span><span class="name">Checking Parameters</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.9.2.8.3"><span class="number">22.1 </span><span class="name">Slave clock using software time stamping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.9.2.8.4"><span class="number">22.2 </span><span class="name">Slave clock using hardware time stamping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.9.2.8.5"><span class="number">22.3 </span><span class="name">Master clock using hardware time stamping</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.9.9.2.8.6"><span class="number">22.4 </span><span class="name">Master clock using software time stamping (not generally recommended)</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.9.1.5"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-upgrade/book-upgrade_draft.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-upgrade/book-upgrade_draft.html
index b6c77e1c84..fb8e53f8e8 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-upgrade/book-upgrade_draft.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-upgrade/book-upgrade_draft.html
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@
     of <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span>. <span class="phrase">If you use <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span> as base system for other SLE products or
     extensions, also see their product documentation for upgrade information
     specific to this product or extension.</span>
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-upgrade.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Upgrade Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-upgrade.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Upgrade Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="#preface-upgrade"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.5.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.5.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.5.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.5.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-upgrade-background"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Lifecycle and support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-background-terminology"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-background-life-cycle"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Product lifecycle</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-background-modules"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Module dependencies and lifecycles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-background-lifecyclereport"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">Generating periodic lifecycle report</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-background-supportlevel"><span class="title-number">1.5 </span><span class="title-name">Support levels</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-background-register"><span class="title-number">1.6 </span><span class="title-name">Registering and deregistering machines with SUSEConnect</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-background-enable-ltss"><span class="title-number">1.7 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling LTSS support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-background-identify-version"><span class="title-number">1.8 </span><span class="title-name">Identifying the <span class="phrase">SLE</span> version</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-upgrade-paths"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrade paths and methods</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-vs-fresh-install"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading versus fresh installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-paths-supported"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Supported upgrade and migration paths to <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SLES</span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-paths-methods"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Online and offline upgrade</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-update-preparation"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Preparing the upgrade</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-update"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Make sure the system is up-to-date</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-relnotes"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Read the release notes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-backup"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Make a backup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-disk"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Check the available disk space</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-packagelist"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">Listing installed packages and repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-ltss"><span class="title-number">3.6 </span><span class="title-name">Disable the LTSS extension</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-postgresql"><span class="title-number">3.7 </span><span class="title-name">Migrate your PostgreSQL database</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-mariadb"><span class="title-number">3.8 </span><span class="title-name">Migrate your MySQL or MariaDB database</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-ssl"><span class="title-number">3.9 </span><span class="title-name">Create non-MD5 server certificates for Java applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-vms"><span class="title-number">3.10 </span><span class="title-name">Shut down virtual machine guests</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-rmt"><span class="title-number">3.11 </span><span class="title-name">Adjust your SMT client setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-autoyast-profiles"><span class="title-number">3.12 </span><span class="title-name">Changes in AutoYaST profiles from SLE 12 to 15</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-smt-to-rmt"><span class="title-number">3.13 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading a Subscription Management Tool (SMT) server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-multiversion"><span class="title-number">3.14 </span><span class="title-name">Temporarily disabling kernel multiversion support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-prepare-boot-config"><span class="title-number">3.15 </span><span class="title-name">Adjust the <code class="literal">resume</code> boot parameter</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-zseries"><span class="title-number">3.16 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading on IBM Z</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-ppc"><span class="title-number">3.17 </span><span class="title-name">IBM POWER: Starting an X server</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-upgrade-offline"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading offline</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-offline-conceptual-overview"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-offline-dvd"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Starting the upgrade from an installation medium</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-offline-network"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Starting the upgrade from a network source</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-offline-yast"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading SUSE Linux Enterprise</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-offline-automated"><span class="title-number">4.5 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with AutoYaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-offline-manager"><span class="title-number">4.6 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with SUSE Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-reg-status-after-rollback"><span class="title-number">4.7 </span><span class="title-name">Updating registration status after rollback</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-registersystem"><span class="title-number">4.8 </span><span class="title-name">Registering your system</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-upgrade-online"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading online</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-online-conceptual-overview"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-online-workflow"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Service pack migration workflow</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-online-cancel"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Canceling service pack migration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-online-yast"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with the online migration tool (YaST)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-online-zypper"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with Zypper</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-online-zypper-plain"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with plain Zypper</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-online-rollback"><span class="title-number">5.7 </span><span class="title-name">Rolling back a service pack</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-online-manager"><span class="title-number">5.8 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with SUSE Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-online-leap-to-sle"><span class="title-number">5.9 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading from openSUSE Leap to <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-upgrade-finish"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Finishing the upgrade</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-finish-old-packages"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Check for old packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-uggrade-finish-config-files"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Review your configuration files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-finish-python3"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Enable the <code class="literal">Python 3</code> module</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-finish-xfs4"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">Reformat XFS v4 devices</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-update-backport"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Backports of source code</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-backports-reasons-for"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Reasons for backporting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-backports-reasons-against"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Reasons against backports</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-backports-implications"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">The implications of backports for interpreting version numbers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-backports-checks"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Checking for fixed bugs and backported features</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#id-1.5.10"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.5.10.4"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-update-releases-service-packs"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Major releases and service packs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-update-maintenance-long-term-service-pack"><span class="number">1.2 </span><span class="name">Long term service pack support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-update-sle-paths-overview"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">Overview of supported upgrade paths</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-security-and-bug-fixes"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Security updates and bug fixes</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-update-df"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">List with <code class="command">df -h</code></span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.5.1.5"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-upgrade/index.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-upgrade/index.html
index b6c77e1c84..fb8e53f8e8 100644
--- a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-upgrade/index.html
+++ b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-upgrade/index.html
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@
     of <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span>. <span class="phrase">If you use <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span> as base system for other SLE products or
     extensions, also see their product documentation for upgrade information
     specific to this product or extension.</span>
-   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-upgrade.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Upgrade Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+   </p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-upgrade.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Upgrade Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="#preface-upgrade"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.5.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.5.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.5.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.5.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-upgrade-background"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Lifecycle and support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-background-terminology"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Terminology</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-background-life-cycle"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Product lifecycle</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-background-modules"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Module dependencies and lifecycles</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-background-lifecyclereport"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">Generating periodic lifecycle report</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-background-supportlevel"><span class="title-number">1.5 </span><span class="title-name">Support levels</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-background-register"><span class="title-number">1.6 </span><span class="title-name">Registering and deregistering machines with SUSEConnect</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-background-enable-ltss"><span class="title-number">1.7 </span><span class="title-name">Enabling LTSS support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-background-identify-version"><span class="title-number">1.8 </span><span class="title-name">Identifying the <span class="phrase">SLE</span> version</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-upgrade-paths"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrade paths and methods</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-vs-fresh-install"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading versus fresh installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-paths-supported"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Supported upgrade and migration paths to <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SLES</span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-paths-methods"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Online and offline upgrade</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-update-preparation"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Preparing the upgrade</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-update"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Make sure the system is up-to-date</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-relnotes"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Read the release notes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-backup"><span class="title-number">3.3 </span><span class="title-name">Make a backup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-disk"><span class="title-number">3.4 </span><span class="title-name">Check the available disk space</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-packagelist"><span class="title-number">3.5 </span><span class="title-name">Listing installed packages and repositories</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-ltss"><span class="title-number">3.6 </span><span class="title-name">Disable the LTSS extension</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-postgresql"><span class="title-number">3.7 </span><span class="title-name">Migrate your PostgreSQL database</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-mariadb"><span class="title-number">3.8 </span><span class="title-name">Migrate your MySQL or MariaDB database</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-ssl"><span class="title-number">3.9 </span><span class="title-name">Create non-MD5 server certificates for Java applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-vms"><span class="title-number">3.10 </span><span class="title-name">Shut down virtual machine guests</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-rmt"><span class="title-number">3.11 </span><span class="title-name">Adjust your SMT client setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-autoyast-profiles"><span class="title-number">3.12 </span><span class="title-name">Changes in AutoYaST profiles from SLE 12 to 15</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-smt-to-rmt"><span class="title-number">3.13 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading a Subscription Management Tool (SMT) server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-multiversion"><span class="title-number">3.14 </span><span class="title-name">Temporarily disabling kernel multiversion support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-prepare-boot-config"><span class="title-number">3.15 </span><span class="title-name">Adjust the <code class="literal">resume</code> boot parameter</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-zseries"><span class="title-number">3.16 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading on IBM Z</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-preparation-ppc"><span class="title-number">3.17 </span><span class="title-name">IBM POWER: Starting an X server</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-upgrade-offline"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading offline</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-offline-conceptual-overview"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-offline-dvd"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">Starting the upgrade from an installation medium</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-offline-network"><span class="title-number">4.3 </span><span class="title-name">Starting the upgrade from a network source</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-offline-yast"><span class="title-number">4.4 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading SUSE Linux Enterprise</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-offline-automated"><span class="title-number">4.5 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with AutoYaST</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-offline-manager"><span class="title-number">4.6 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with SUSE Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-reg-status-after-rollback"><span class="title-number">4.7 </span><span class="title-name">Updating registration status after rollback</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-registersystem"><span class="title-number">4.8 </span><span class="title-name">Registering your system</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-upgrade-online"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading online</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-online-conceptual-overview"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Conceptual overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-online-workflow"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Service pack migration workflow</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-online-cancel"><span class="title-number">5.3 </span><span class="title-name">Canceling service pack migration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-online-yast"><span class="title-number">5.4 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with the online migration tool (YaST)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-online-zypper"><span class="title-number">5.5 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with Zypper</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-online-zypper-plain"><span class="title-number">5.6 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with plain Zypper</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-online-rollback"><span class="title-number">5.7 </span><span class="title-name">Rolling back a service pack</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-online-manager"><span class="title-number">5.8 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading with SUSE Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-online-leap-to-sle"><span class="title-number">5.9 </span><span class="title-name">Upgrading from openSUSE Leap to <span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-upgrade-finish"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Finishing the upgrade</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-finish-old-packages"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Check for old packages</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-uggrade-finish-config-files"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Review your configuration files</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-finish-python3"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Enable the <code class="literal">Python 3</code> module</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-upgrade-finish-xfs4"><span class="title-number">6.4 </span><span class="title-name">Reformat XFS v4 devices</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-update-backport"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Backports of source code</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-backports-reasons-for"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Reasons for backporting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-backports-reasons-against"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Reasons against backports</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-backports-implications"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">The implications of backports for interpreting version numbers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-update-backports-checks"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Checking for fixed bugs and backported features</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#id-1.5.10"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.5.10.4"><span class="title-number">A.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-update-releases-service-packs"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Major releases and service packs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-update-maintenance-long-term-service-pack"><span class="number">1.2 </span><span class="name">Long term service pack support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-update-sle-paths-overview"><span class="number">2.1 </span><span class="name">Overview of supported upgrade paths</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-security-and-bug-fixes"><span class="number">1.1 </span><span class="name">Security updates and bug fixes</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-update-df"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">List with <code class="command">df -h</code></span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.5.1.5"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-virtualization-best-practices/article-virtualization-best-practices_draft.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-virtualization-best-practices/article-virtualization-best-practices_draft.html
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@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
 });
 
 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_virtualization-best-practices.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#article-virtualization-best-practices">Virtualization Best Practices</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="article" id="article-virtualization-best-practices" data-id-title="Virtualization Best Practices"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div><h1 class="title">Virtualization Best Practices</h1></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>
-    January 06, 2025
+    January 07, 2025
 
    </div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-article-virtualization-best-practices.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Virtualization Best Practices</a></div></div></div></div><section class="sect1" id="sec-vt-best-scenario" data-id-title="Virtualization scenarios"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><div class="title-container"><h2 class="title"><span class="title-number-name"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization scenarios</span></span> <a title="Permalink" class="permalink" href="#sec-vt-best-scenario">#</a></h2><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_virtualization-best-practices.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div></div></div></div><p>
       Virtualization offers a lot of capabilities for your environment. It can
diff --git a/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-virtualization-best-practices/index.html b/SLE15SP5/single-html/SLES-virtualization-best-practices/index.html
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 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_virtualization-best-practices.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#article-virtualization-best-practices">Virtualization Best Practices</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="article" id="article-virtualization-best-practices" data-id-title="Virtualization Best Practices"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div><h1 class="title">Virtualization Best Practices</h1></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>
-    January 06, 2025
+    January 07, 2025
 
    </div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-article-virtualization-best-practices.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Virtualization Best Practices</a></div></div></div></div><section class="sect1" id="sec-vt-best-scenario" data-id-title="Virtualization scenarios"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><div class="title-container"><h2 class="title"><span class="title-number-name"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization scenarios</span></span> <a title="Permalink" class="permalink" href="#sec-vt-best-scenario">#</a></h2><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/art_virtualization-best-practices.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div></div></div></div><p>
       Virtualization offers a lot of capabilities for your environment. It can
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 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_virtualization.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#book-virtualization">Virtualization Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-virtualization" data-id-title="Virtualization Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">Virtualization Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_virtualization.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p>This guide describes virtualization technology in
     general. It introduces libvirt—the unified interface to
     virtualization—and provides detailed information on specific
-    hypervisors.</p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-virtualization.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Virtualization Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+    hypervisors.</p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-virtualization.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Virtualization Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="#cha-kvm"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.12.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.12.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.12.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.12.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-virt-intro"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#chap-virtualization-introduction"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization technology</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-virtualization-introduction-overview"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-virtualization-introduction-benefits"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization benefits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-virtualization-introduction-fvpv"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization modes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-vt-io"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">I/O virtualization</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-virtualization-scenarios"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization scenarios</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-virtualization-scenarios-capabilities"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Server consolidation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.12.3.3.6"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Isolation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.12.3.3.7"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Disaster recovery</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.12.3.3.8"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic load balancing</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-xen-basics"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to Xen virtualization</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-basics-components"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Basic components</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-basics-arch"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Xen virtualization architecture</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-kvm-intro"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to KVM virtualization</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-kvm-intro"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Basic components</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-kvm-intro-arch"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">KVM virtualization architecture</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tools-intro"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization tools</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tools-intro-console"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization console tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tools-intro-gui"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization GUI tools</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-vt-installation"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Installation of virtualization components</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#introduction-install-virtualization-components"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#install-virtualization-components"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing virtualization components</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-vt-installation-nested-vms"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Enable nested virtualization in KVM</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-virt-support"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization limits and support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-architecture-support"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Architecture support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#virt-hypervisors-limits"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Hypervisor limits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#virt-support-hosts"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Supported host environments (hypervisors)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#virt-support-guests"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Supported guest operating systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#virt-migration-support"><span class="title-number">7.5 </span><span class="title-name">Supported VM migration scenarios</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#virt-support-feature-support"><span class="title-number">7.6 </span><span class="title-name">Feature support</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-virt-libvirt"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Managing virtual machines with <code class="systemitem">libvirt</code></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-libvirt-overview"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">libvirt</code> daemons</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#libvirt-monolithic-daemon"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting and stopping the monolithic daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#libvirt-modular-daemon"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Starting and stopping the modular daemons</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#libvirt-switch-daemons"><span class="title-number">8.3 </span><span class="title-name">Switching to modular daemons</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-libvirt-host"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Preparing the VM Host Server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#libvirt-host-network"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring networks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#libvirt-host-storage"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a storage pool</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-kvm-inst"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Guest installation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-inst-vmm"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">GUI-based guest installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-inst-virt-install"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing from the command line with <code class="command">virt-install</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-inst-advanced"><span class="title-number">10.3 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced guest installation scenarios</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-libvirt-managing"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">Basic VM Guest management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-managing-list"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Listing VM Guests</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-managing-console"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing the VM Guest via console</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-managing-status"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Changing a VM Guest's state: start, stop, pause</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-manage-save"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Saving and restoring the state of a VM Guest</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-managing-snapshots"><span class="title-number">11.5 </span><span class="title-name">Creating and managing snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-managing-delete"><span class="title-number">11.6 </span><span class="title-name">Deleting a VM Guest</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-libvirt-admin-monitor"><span class="title-number">11.7 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-libvirt-connect"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Connecting and authorizing</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-connect-auth"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">Authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-connect-connecting"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">Connecting to a VM Host Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-connect-remote"><span class="title-number">12.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring remote connections</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-libvirt-storage"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced storage topics</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-storage-locking"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Locking disk files and block devices with <code class="systemitem">virtlockd</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-storage-resize"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Online resizing of guest block devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-storage-share"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">Sharing directories between host and guests (file system pass-through)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#libvirt-storage-rbd"><span class="title-number">13.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using RADOS block devices with <code class="systemitem">libvirt</code></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-libvirt-config-gui"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring virtual machines with Virtual Machine Manager</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-machine-setup"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">Machine setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-storage"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Storage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-controllers"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Controllers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-networking"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">Networking</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-input"><span class="title-number">14.5 </span><span class="title-name">Input devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-video"><span class="title-number">14.6 </span><span class="title-name">Video</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-usb-redirectors"><span class="title-number">14.7 </span><span class="title-name">USB redirectors</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-miscellaneous"><span class="title-number">14.8 </span><span class="title-name">Miscellaneous</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-cdrom"><span class="title-number">14.9 </span><span class="title-name">Adding a CD/DVD-ROM device with Virtual Machine Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-floppy"><span class="title-number">14.10 </span><span class="title-name">Adding a floppy device with Virtual Machine Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-cdrom-media-change"><span class="title-number">14.11 </span><span class="title-name">Ejecting and changing floppy or CD/DVD-ROM media with Virtual Machine Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-pci"><span class="title-number">14.12 </span><span class="title-name">Assigning a host PCI device to a VM Guest</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-usb"><span class="title-number">14.13 </span><span class="title-name">Assigning a host USB device to a VM Guest</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-libvirt-config-virsh"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring virtual machines with <code class="command">virsh</code></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-editing-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Editing the VM configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-machinetype-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the machine type</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-hypervisor-features-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring hypervisor features</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#libvirt-cpu-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring CPU</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-boot-menu-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.5 </span><span class="title-name">Changing boot options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-memory-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring memory allocation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-pci-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.7 </span><span class="title-name">Adding a PCI device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-usb-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.8 </span><span class="title-name">Adding a USB device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-io"><span class="title-number">15.9 </span><span class="title-name">Adding SR-IOV devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#libvirt-config-listing-host-devs"><span class="title-number">15.10 </span><span class="title-name">Listing attached devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#libvirt-config-storage-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.11 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring storage devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-controllers-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.12 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring controller devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#libvirt-video-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.13 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring video devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#virsh-network-devices"><span class="title-number">15.14 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring network devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-direct"><span class="title-number">15.15 </span><span class="title-name">Using macvtap to share VM Host Server network interfaces</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-disable-virtio-mellon"><span class="title-number">15.16 </span><span class="title-name">Disabling a memory balloon device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#virsh-video-dual-head"><span class="title-number">15.17 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring multiple monitors (dual head)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#virsh-kvm-zseries-crypto"><span class="title-number">15.18 </span><span class="title-name">Crypto adapter pass-through to KVM guests on IBM Z</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#sec-libvirt-admin-migrate"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Migrating VM Guests</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#libvirt-migration-types"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Types of migration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#libvirt-admin-live-migration-requirements"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">Migration requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-admin-migrate-virtmanager"><span class="title-number">16.3 </span><span class="title-name">Live-migrating with Virtual Machine Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-admin-migrate-virsh"><span class="title-number">16.4 </span><span class="title-name">Migrating with <code class="command">virsh</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-migrate-stepbstep"><span class="title-number">16.5 </span><span class="title-name">Step-by-step example</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#xen2kvm-migration"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">Xen to KVM migration guide</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#x2k-v2v"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name">Migration to KVM using <code class="command">virt-v2v</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.12.4.11.5"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name">Xen to KVM manual migration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.12.4.11.6"><span class="title-number">17.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-virt-common"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Hypervisor-independent features</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-cachemodes"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">Disk cache modes</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#what-is-disk-cache"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">What is a disk cache?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#how-it-works-disk-cache"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">How does a disk cache work?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#benefits-disk-cache"><span class="title-number">18.3 </span><span class="title-name">Benefits of disk caching</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cachemodes-descr"><span class="title-number">18.4 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual disk cache modes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#qemu-cachemodes-data-integrity"><span class="title-number">18.5 </span><span class="title-name">Cache modes and data integrity</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-cache-mode-live-migration"><span class="title-number">18.6 </span><span class="title-name">Cache modes and live migration</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#sec-kvm-managing-clock"><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">VM Guest clock settings</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-kvm-managing-clock-kvm"><span class="title-number">19.1 </span><span class="title-name">KVM: using <code class="systemitem">kvm_clock</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-guests-suse-time"><span class="title-number">19.2 </span><span class="title-name">Xen virtual machine clock settings</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#chap-guestfs"><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">libguestfs</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-guestfs-intro"><span class="title-number">20.1 </span><span class="title-name">VM Guest manipulation overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-guestfs-package"><span class="title-number">20.2 </span><span class="title-name">Package installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-guestfs-tools"><span class="title-number">20.3 </span><span class="title-name">Guestfs tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-guestfs-trouble"><span class="title-number">20.4 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-guestfs-external-doc"><span class="title-number">20.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-qemu-ga"><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name">QEMU guest agent</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-qemu-ga-libvirt-general"><span class="title-number">21.1 </span><span class="title-name">Running QEMU GA commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-qemu-ga-commands"><span class="title-number">21.2 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">virsh</code> commands that require QEMU GA</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-qemu-ga-libvirt"><span class="title-number">21.3 </span><span class="title-name">Enhancing <code class="systemitem">libvirt</code> commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-qemu-ga-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">21.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#tpm"><span class="title-number">22 </span><span class="title-name">Software TPM emulator</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#tpm-introduction"><span class="title-number">22.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#tpm-prerequisite"><span class="title-number">22.2 </span><span class="title-name">Prerequisites</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#tpm-installation"><span class="title-number">22.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#tpm-qemu"><span class="title-number">22.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using <code class="command">swtpm</code> with QEMU</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#tpm-libvirt"><span class="title-number">22.5 </span><span class="title-name">Using swtpm with <code class="systemitem">libvirt</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#tpm-ovmf"><span class="title-number">22.6 </span><span class="title-name">TPM measurement with OVMF firmware</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#qemu-tpm-resources"><span class="title-number">22.7 </span><span class="title-name">Resources</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#virt-crash-dump"><span class="title-number">23 </span><span class="title-name">Creating crash dumps of a VM Guest</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#virt-crash-dump-introduction"><span class="title-number">23.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#virt-crash-dump-fv"><span class="title-number">23.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating crash dumps for fully virtualized machines</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#virt-crash-dump-pv"><span class="title-number">23.3 </span><span class="title-name">Creating crash dumps for paravirtualized machines</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#virt-crash-dump-more-info"><span class="title-number">23.4 </span><span class="title-name">Additional information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-virt-xen"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Managing virtual machines with Xen</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-xen-vhost"><span class="title-number">24 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a virtual machine host</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-vhost-best"><span class="title-number">24.1 </span><span class="title-name">Best practices and suggestions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-vhost-memory"><span class="title-number">24.2 </span><span class="title-name">Managing Dom0 memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-vhost-netcard"><span class="title-number">24.3 </span><span class="title-name">Network card in fully virtualized guests</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-vhost-start"><span class="title-number">24.4 </span><span class="title-name">Starting the virtual machine host</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-vhost-pciback"><span class="title-number">24.5 </span><span class="title-name">PCI Pass-Through</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-vhost-usbpass"><span class="title-number">24.6 </span><span class="title-name">USB pass-through</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-xen-network"><span class="title-number">25 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual networking</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-vdevices"><span class="title-number">25.1 </span><span class="title-name">Network devices for guest systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-net-host-route"><span class="title-number">25.2 </span><span class="title-name">Host-based routing in Xen</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-net-masquerade"><span class="title-number">25.3 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a masqueraded network setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-net-special"><span class="title-number">25.4 </span><span class="title-name">Special configurations</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-xen-manage"><span class="title-number">26 </span><span class="title-name">Managing a virtualization environment</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-manage-xl"><span class="title-number">26.1 </span><span class="title-name">XL—Xen management tool</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-manage-autostart"><span class="title-number">26.2 </span><span class="title-name">Automatic start of guest domains</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-manage-events"><span class="title-number">26.3 </span><span class="title-name">Event actions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-manage-tsc"><span class="title-number">26.4 </span><span class="title-name">Time Stamp Counter</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-config-suspend"><span class="title-number">26.5 </span><span class="title-name">Saving virtual machines</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-config-restore"><span class="title-number">26.6 </span><span class="title-name">Restoring virtual machines</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-config-state"><span class="title-number">26.7 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual machine states</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-xen-vbd"><span class="title-number">27 </span><span class="title-name">Block devices in Xen</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-config-disk"><span class="title-number">27.1 </span><span class="title-name">Mapping physical storage to virtual disks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-config-netdisk"><span class="title-number">27.2 </span><span class="title-name">Mapping network storage to virtual disk</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-config-filedisk"><span class="title-number">27.3 </span><span class="title-name">File-backed virtual disks and loopback devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-block-resize"><span class="title-number">27.4 </span><span class="title-name">Resizing block devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-block-advstoragescripts"><span class="title-number">27.5 </span><span class="title-name">Scripts for managing advanced storage scenarios</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-xen-config"><span class="title-number">28 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization: configuration options and settings</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-config-vcd"><span class="title-number">28.1 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual CD readers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-config-remote-access"><span class="title-number">28.2 </span><span class="title-name">Remote access methods</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-config-vnc"><span class="title-number">28.3 </span><span class="title-name">VNC viewer</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-config-keyboard"><span class="title-number">28.4 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual keyboards</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#xen-config-cpupinning"><span class="title-number">28.5 </span><span class="title-name">Dedicating CPU resources</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-config-hvm"><span class="title-number">28.6 </span><span class="title-name">HVM features</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-config-scheduling"><span class="title-number">28.7 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual CPU scheduling</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-xen-admin"><span class="title-number">29 </span><span class="title-name">Administrative tasks</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-config-bootloader"><span class="title-number">29.1 </span><span class="title-name">The boot loader program</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-config-sparse"><span class="title-number">29.2 </span><span class="title-name">Sparse image files and disk space</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-manage-migrate"><span class="title-number">29.3 </span><span class="title-name">Migrating Xen VM Guest systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-monitor"><span class="title-number">29.4 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring Xen</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-admin-vhostmd"><span class="title-number">29.5 </span><span class="title-name">Providing host information for VM Guest systems</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-xen-xenstore"><span class="title-number">30 </span><span class="title-name">XenStore: configuration database shared between domains</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xenstore-intro"><span class="title-number">30.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xenstore-fsi"><span class="title-number">30.2 </span><span class="title-name">File system interface</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-xen-ha"><span class="title-number">31 </span><span class="title-name">Xen as a high-availability virtualization host</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-ha-remote-storage"><span class="title-number">31.1 </span><span class="title-name">Xen HA with remote storage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-ha-local-storage"><span class="title-number">31.2 </span><span class="title-name">Xen HA with local storage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-ha-private-bridge"><span class="title-number">31.3 </span><span class="title-name">Xen HA and private bridges</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#pv-to-fv"><span class="title-number">32 </span><span class="title-name">Xen: converting a paravirtual (PV) guest into a fully virtual (FV/HVM) guest</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-virt-qemu"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Managing virtual machines with QEMU</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-qemu-overview"><span class="title-number">33 </span><span class="title-name">QEMU overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-qemu-host"><span class="title-number">34 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a KVM VM Host Server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#kvm-host-cpu"><span class="title-number">34.1 </span><span class="title-name">CPU support for virtualization</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#kvm-host-soft"><span class="title-number">34.2 </span><span class="title-name">Required software</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#kvm-host-virtio"><span class="title-number">34.3 </span><span class="title-name">KVM host-specific features</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-qemu-guest-inst"><span class="title-number">35 </span><span class="title-name">Guest installation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-qemu-guest-inst-qemu-kvm"><span class="title-number">35.1 </span><span class="title-name">Basic installation with <code class="command">qemu-system-ARCH</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-qemu-guest-inst-qemu-img"><span class="title-number">35.2 </span><span class="title-name">Managing disk images with <code class="command">qemu-img</code></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-qemu-running"><span class="title-number">36 </span><span class="title-name">Running virtual machines with qemu-system-ARCH</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-qemu-running-basic"><span class="title-number">36.1 </span><span class="title-name">Basic <code class="command">qemu-system-ARCH</code> invocation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-qemu-running-gen-opts"><span class="title-number">36.2 </span><span class="title-name">General <code class="command">qemu-system-ARCH</code> options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-qemu-running-devices"><span class="title-number">36.3 </span><span class="title-name">Using devices in QEMU</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-qemu-running-networking"><span class="title-number">36.4 </span><span class="title-name">Networking in QEMU</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-qemu-running-vnc"><span class="title-number">36.5 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing a VM Guest with VNC</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-qemu-monitor"><span class="title-number">37 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual machine administration using QEMU monitor</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-qemu-monitor-access"><span class="title-number">37.1 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing monitor console</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-qemu-monitor-get"><span class="title-number">37.2 </span><span class="title-name">Getting information about the guest system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-qemu-monitor-vnc-pw"><span class="title-number">37.3 </span><span class="title-name">Changing VNC password</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-qemu-monitor-manage-dev"><span class="title-number">37.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-qemu-monitor-keyboard"><span class="title-number">37.5 </span><span class="title-name">Controlling keyboard and mouse</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-qemu-monitor-memory"><span class="title-number">37.6 </span><span class="title-name">Changing available memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-qemu-monitor-virt-memory"><span class="title-number">37.7 </span><span class="title-name">Dumping virtual machine memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-qemu-monitor-snapshots"><span class="title-number">37.8 </span><span class="title-name">Managing virtual machine snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-qemu-monitor-suspend"><span class="title-number">37.9 </span><span class="title-name">Suspending and resuming virtual machine execution</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-qemu-monitor-migrate"><span class="title-number">37.10 </span><span class="title-name">Live migration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#qemu-monitor-qmp"><span class="title-number">37.11 </span><span class="title-name">QMP - QEMU machine protocol</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-virt-troubleshoot"><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-virt-help"><span class="title-number">38 </span><span class="title-name">Integrated help and package documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-virt-logs"><span class="title-number">39 </span><span class="title-name">Gathering system information and logs</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-logs-libvirt"><span class="title-number">39.1 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">libvirt</code> log controls</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="glossary"><a href="#gloss-vt-glossary"><span class="title-name">Glossary</span></a></span></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#app-vmdp-driver"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">Virtual machine drivers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#app-gpu-passthru"><span class="title-number">B </span><span class="title-name">Configuring GPU Pass-Through for NVIDIA cards</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#gpu-passthru-intro"><span class="title-number">B.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#gpu-passthru-prerequisites"><span class="title-number">B.2 </span><span class="title-name">Prerequisites</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#gpu-passthru-host"><span class="title-number">B.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the host</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#gpu-passthru-guest"><span class="title-number">B.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the guest</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#cha-xmtoxl"><span class="title-number">C </span><span class="title-name">XM, XL toolstacks, and the <code class="systemitem">libvirt</code> framework</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xmtoxl-intro"><span class="title-number">C.1 </span><span class="title-name">Xen toolstacks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#xen-xen2libvirt"><span class="title-number">C.2 </span><span class="title-name">Import Xen domain configuration into <code class="systemitem">libvirt</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xmvsxl"><span class="title-number">C.3 </span><span class="title-name">Differences between the <code class="command">xm</code> and <code class="command">xl</code> applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xmtoxl-links"><span class="title-number">C.4 </span><span class="title-name">External links</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-managing-export-Xen-xm"><span class="title-number">C.5 </span><span class="title-name">Saving a Xen guest configuration in an <code class="command">xm</code> compatible format</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#id-1.12.13"><span class="title-number">D </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.12.13.4"><span class="title-number">D.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-xen-basics-arch"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">Xen virtualization architecture</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-kvm-basics-arch"><span class="number">4.1 </span><span class="name">KVM virtualization architecture</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.3.7.4.4.3"><span class="number">6.1 </span><span class="name">System Role screen</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.3.4.5.6.3.2.2.2"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Connection details</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.3.4.5.6.3.2.4.2"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name">Create virtual network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.4.6.2.3"><span class="number">10.1 </span><span class="name">Specifying default options for new VMs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.8.4"><span class="number">14.1 </span><span class="name"><span class="guimenu">Details</span> view of a VM Guest</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.8.9.3.3"><span class="number">14.2 </span><span class="name">Overview details</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.8.9.3.5"><span class="number">14.3 </span><span class="name">VM Guest title and description</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.8.9.4.3"><span class="number">14.4 </span><span class="name">Performance</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.8.9.4.5"><span class="number">14.5 </span><span class="name">Statistics charts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.8.9.5.3"><span class="number">14.6 </span><span class="name">Processor view</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.8.9.6.3"><span class="number">14.7 </span><span class="name">Memory view</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.8.9.7.3"><span class="number">14.8 </span><span class="name">Boot options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.8.10.3.2.2"><span class="number">14.9 </span><span class="name">Add a new storage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.8.11.3.2.2"><span class="number">14.10 </span><span class="name">Add a new controller</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.8.12.3.2.2"><span class="number">14.11 </span><span class="name">Add a new network interface</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.8.13.3.2.2"><span class="number">14.12 </span><span class="name">Add a new input device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.8.14.3.3.1"><span class="number">14.13 </span><span class="name">Add a new video device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.8.15.3.2.2"><span class="number">14.14 </span><span class="name">Add a new USB redirector</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.8.20.3.3.2.2"><span class="number">14.15 </span><span class="name">Adding a PCI device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.8.21.3.3.2.2"><span class="number">14.16 </span><span class="name">Adding a USB device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-caching"><span class="number">18.1 </span><span class="name">Caching mechanism</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.6.7.4.4"><span class="number">29.1 </span><span class="name">Boot loader settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.7.3.6.3.2.2"><span class="number">34.1 </span><span class="name">Installing the KVM hypervisor and tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.7.3.6.3.4.2"><span class="number">34.2 </span><span class="name">Network bridge</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.7.5.5.5.5.6"><span class="number">36.1 </span><span class="name">QEMU window with SLES as VM Guest</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.7.5.8.11"><span class="number">36.2 </span><span class="name">QEMU VNC session</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.7.5.8.12.7"><span class="number">36.3 </span><span class="name">Authentication dialog in Remmina</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.3.8.5.6.3"><span class="number">7.1 </span><span class="name">KVM VM limits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.3.8.5.7.2"><span class="number">7.2 </span><span class="name">Xen VM limits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.3.8.5.7.3"><span class="number">7.3 </span><span class="name">Xen host limits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.3.8.6.3"><span class="number">7.4 </span><span class="name">The following SUSE host environments are supported</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.3.8.8.3.3"><span class="number">7.5 </span><span class="name">Supported offline migration guests</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.3.8.8.4.5"><span class="number">7.6 </span><span class="name">Supported live-migration guests</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.3.8.9.4.2"><span class="number">7.7 </span><span class="name">Feature support—host (<code class="literal">Dom0</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.3.8.9.5.6"><span class="number">7.8 </span><span class="name">Guest feature support for Xen and KVM</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-xen-remote-storage"><span class="number">31.1 </span><span class="name">Xen remote storage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.6.3"><span class="number">C.1 </span><span class="name">Notation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.7.3"><span class="number">C.2 </span><span class="name">New global options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.8.3"><span class="number">C.3 </span><span class="name">Common options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.9.3.3"><span class="number">C.4 </span><span class="name">Domain management removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.9.4.3"><span class="number">C.5 </span><span class="name">USB devices management removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.9.5.3"><span class="number">C.6 </span><span class="name">CPU management removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.9.6.3"><span class="number">C.7 </span><span class="name">Other options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.3.4"><span class="number">C.8 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">create</code> Changed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.3.5"><span class="number">C.9 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">create</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.3.6"><span class="number">C.10 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">create</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.4.4"><span class="number">C.11 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">console</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.5.3"><span class="number">C.12 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">info</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.6.4"><span class="number">C.13 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">dump-core</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.7.4"><span class="number">C.14 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">list</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.7.5"><span class="number">C.15 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">list</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.8.3"><span class="number">C.16 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">mem-*</code> Changed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.9.4"><span class="number">C.17 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">migrate</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.9.5"><span class="number">C.18 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">migrate</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.10.4"><span class="number">C.19 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">reboot</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.10.5"><span class="number">C.20 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">reboot</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.10.8"><span class="number">C.21 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">save</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.10.11"><span class="number">C.22 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">restore</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.10.14"><span class="number">C.23 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">shutdown</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.10.15"><span class="number">C.24 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">shutdown</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.10.16"><span class="number">C.25 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">trigger</code> Changed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.11.4"><span class="number">C.26 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">sched-credit</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.11.5"><span class="number">C.27 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">sched-credit</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.11.8"><span class="number">C.28 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">sched-credit2</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.11.9"><span class="number">C.29 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">sched-credit2</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.11.11"><span class="number">C.30 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">sched-sedf</code> removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.11.12"><span class="number">C.31 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">sched-sedf</code> added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.12.4"><span class="number">C.32 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">cpupool-list</code> removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.12.7"><span class="number">C.33 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">cpupool-create</code> removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.13.4"><span class="number">C.34 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">pci-detach</code> added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.13.5"><span class="number">C.35 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">block-list</code> removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.13.6"><span class="number">C.36 </span><span class="name">Other options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.14.2"><span class="number">C.37 </span><span class="name">Network options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.14.3"><span class="number">C.38 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">network-attach</code> removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#table-xmtoxl-new-options"><span class="number">C.39 </span><span class="name">New options</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-libvirt-net-nat"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">NAT-based network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.12.4.3.4.5.7.6.9"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name">Routed network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.12.4.3.4.5.7.6.10"><span class="number">9.3 </span><span class="name">Isolated network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.12.4.3.4.5.7.6.11"><span class="number">9.4 </span><span class="name">Using an existing bridge on VM Host Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.12.4.4.7.4.6.2.3"><span class="number">10.1 </span><span class="name">Loading kernel and initrd from HTTP server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-libvirt-inst-virt-install-example"><span class="number">10.2 </span><span class="name">Example of a <code class="command">virt-install</code> command line</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.12.4.5.11.5.6"><span class="number">11.1 </span><span class="name">Typical output of <code class="command">kvm_stat</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.12.4.9.3.3"><span class="number">15.1 </span><span class="name">Example XML configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.12.6.4.4.18.4"><span class="number">26.1 </span><span class="name">Guest domain configuration file for SLED 12: <code class="filename">/etc/xen/sled12.cfg</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-qemu-virtfs-host"><span class="number">34.1 </span><span class="name">Exporting host's file system with VirtFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-qemu-net-usermode-resctrict"><span class="number">36.1 </span><span class="name">Restricted user-mode networking</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-qemu-net-usermode-iprange"><span class="number">36.2 </span><span class="name">User-mode networking with custom IP range</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-qemu-net-usermode-netboot-tftp"><span class="number">36.3 </span><span class="name">User-mode networking with network-boot and TFTP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-qemu-net-usermode-hostfwd"><span class="number">36.4 </span><span class="name">User-mode networking with host port forwarding</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-running-vnc-secure-pwd"><span class="number">36.5 </span><span class="name">Password authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-running-vnc-secure-x509"><span class="number">36.6 </span><span class="name">x509 certificate authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-running-vnc-secure-pwd-x509"><span class="number">36.7 </span><span class="name">x509 certificate and password authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-running-vnc-secure-sasl"><span class="number">36.8 </span><span class="name">SASL authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.12.12.4.10"><span class="number">C.1 </span><span class="name">Converting Xen domain configuration to <code class="systemitem">libvirt</code></span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.12.1.5"><p>
   Copyright © 2006–2025
 
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 </script><meta name="edit-url" content="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_virtualization.xml"/></head><body class="draft single normal offline js-off" onload="$('#betawarn-button-wrap').toggle();if (document.cookie.length > 0) {if (document.cookie.indexOf('betawarn=closed') != -1){$('#betawarn').toggle()}};"><div id="betawarn" style="position:fixed;bottom:0;z-index:9025;background-color:#FDE8E8;padding:1em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;display:block;border-top:.75em solid #E11;width:80%"><p style="color:#333;margin:1em 0;padding:0;">This is a draft document that was built and uploaded automatically. It may document beta software and be incomplete or even incorrect. <strong>Use this document at your own risk.</strong></p> <div id="betawarn-button-wrap" style="display:none;margin:0;padding:0;"><a href="#" onclick="$('#betawarn').toggle();var d=new Date();d.setTime(d.getTime()+(0.5*24*60*60*1000));document.cookie='betawarn=closed; expires='+d.toUTCString()+'; path=/'; return false;" style="color:#333;text-decoration:underline;float:left;margin-top:.5em;padding:1em;display:block;background-color:#FABEBE;">I understand this is a draft</a></div></div><div class="bypass-block"><a href="#_content">Jump to content</a></div><header id="_mainnav"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><img src="static/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" class="logo"/></div></header><div class="crumbs"><div class="growth-inhibitor"><a class="crumb" href="#book-virtualization">Virtualization Guide</a></div></div><main id="_content"><nav class="side-toc placebo" id="_side-toc-overall"> </nav><article class="documentation"><button id="_unfold-side-toc-page">On this page</button><section xml:lang="en" class="book" id="book-virtualization" data-id-title="Virtualization Guide"><div class="titlepage"><div><div class="big-version-info"><span class="productname"><span class="productname"><span class="phrase">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</span></span></span> <span class="productnumber"><span class="productnumber"><span class="phrase">15 SP5</span></span></span></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="title">Virtualization Guide</h1><div class="icons"><a target="_blank" class="icon-reportbug" title="Report an issue"> </a><a target="_blank" class="icon-editsource" href="https://github.com/SUSE/doc-sle/edit/main/xml/book_virtualization.xml" title="Edit source document"> </a></div></div><div class="abstract"><p>This guide describes virtualization technology in
     general. It introduces libvirt—the unified interface to
     virtualization—and provides detailed information on specific
-    hypervisors.</p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-virtualization.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Virtualization Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 06, 2025
+    hypervisors.</p></div><div><div class="titlepage-revhistory"><a aria-label="Revision History" hreflang="en" href="rh-book-virtualization.html" target="_blank">Revision History: Virtualization Guide</a></div></div><div class="date"><span class="imprint-label">Publication Date: </span>January 07, 2025
 </div></div></div><div class="toc"><ul><li><span class="preface"><a href="#cha-kvm"><span class="title-name">Preface</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.12.2.3"><span class="title-name">Available documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.12.2.4"><span class="title-name">Improving the documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.12.2.5"><span class="title-name">Documentation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.12.2.6"><span class="title-name">Support</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-virt-intro"><span class="title-number">I </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#chap-virtualization-introduction"><span class="title-number">1 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization technology</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-virtualization-introduction-overview"><span class="title-number">1.1 </span><span class="title-name">Overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-virtualization-introduction-benefits"><span class="title-number">1.2 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization benefits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-virtualization-introduction-fvpv"><span class="title-number">1.3 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization modes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-vt-io"><span class="title-number">1.4 </span><span class="title-name">I/O virtualization</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-virtualization-scenarios"><span class="title-number">2 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization scenarios</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-virtualization-scenarios-capabilities"><span class="title-number">2.1 </span><span class="title-name">Server consolidation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.12.3.3.6"><span class="title-number">2.2 </span><span class="title-name">Isolation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.12.3.3.7"><span class="title-number">2.3 </span><span class="title-name">Disaster recovery</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.12.3.3.8"><span class="title-number">2.4 </span><span class="title-name">Dynamic load balancing</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-xen-basics"><span class="title-number">3 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to Xen virtualization</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-basics-components"><span class="title-number">3.1 </span><span class="title-name">Basic components</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-basics-arch"><span class="title-number">3.2 </span><span class="title-name">Xen virtualization architecture</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-kvm-intro"><span class="title-number">4 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction to KVM virtualization</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-kvm-intro"><span class="title-number">4.1 </span><span class="title-name">Basic components</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-kvm-intro-arch"><span class="title-number">4.2 </span><span class="title-name">KVM virtualization architecture</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-tools-intro"><span class="title-number">5 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization tools</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tools-intro-console"><span class="title-number">5.1 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization console tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-tools-intro-gui"><span class="title-number">5.2 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization GUI tools</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-vt-installation"><span class="title-number">6 </span><span class="title-name">Installation of virtualization components</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#introduction-install-virtualization-components"><span class="title-number">6.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#install-virtualization-components"><span class="title-number">6.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing virtualization components</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-vt-installation-nested-vms"><span class="title-number">6.3 </span><span class="title-name">Enable nested virtualization in KVM</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-virt-support"><span class="title-number">7 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization limits and support</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-architecture-support"><span class="title-number">7.1 </span><span class="title-name">Architecture support</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#virt-hypervisors-limits"><span class="title-number">7.2 </span><span class="title-name">Hypervisor limits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#virt-support-hosts"><span class="title-number">7.3 </span><span class="title-name">Supported host environments (hypervisors)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#virt-support-guests"><span class="title-number">7.4 </span><span class="title-name">Supported guest operating systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#virt-migration-support"><span class="title-number">7.5 </span><span class="title-name">Supported VM migration scenarios</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#virt-support-feature-support"><span class="title-number">7.6 </span><span class="title-name">Feature support</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-virt-libvirt"><span class="title-number">II </span><span class="title-name">Managing virtual machines with <code class="systemitem">libvirt</code></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-libvirt-overview"><span class="title-number">8 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">libvirt</code> daemons</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#libvirt-monolithic-daemon"><span class="title-number">8.1 </span><span class="title-name">Starting and stopping the monolithic daemon</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#libvirt-modular-daemon"><span class="title-number">8.2 </span><span class="title-name">Starting and stopping the modular daemons</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#libvirt-switch-daemons"><span class="title-number">8.3 </span><span class="title-name">Switching to modular daemons</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-libvirt-host"><span class="title-number">9 </span><span class="title-name">Preparing the VM Host Server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#libvirt-host-network"><span class="title-number">9.1 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring networks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#libvirt-host-storage"><span class="title-number">9.2 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring a storage pool</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-kvm-inst"><span class="title-number">10 </span><span class="title-name">Guest installation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-inst-vmm"><span class="title-number">10.1 </span><span class="title-name">GUI-based guest installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-inst-virt-install"><span class="title-number">10.2 </span><span class="title-name">Installing from the command line with <code class="command">virt-install</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-inst-advanced"><span class="title-number">10.3 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced guest installation scenarios</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-libvirt-managing"><span class="title-number">11 </span><span class="title-name">Basic VM Guest management</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-managing-list"><span class="title-number">11.1 </span><span class="title-name">Listing VM Guests</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-managing-console"><span class="title-number">11.2 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing the VM Guest via console</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-managing-status"><span class="title-number">11.3 </span><span class="title-name">Changing a VM Guest's state: start, stop, pause</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-manage-save"><span class="title-number">11.4 </span><span class="title-name">Saving and restoring the state of a VM Guest</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-managing-snapshots"><span class="title-number">11.5 </span><span class="title-name">Creating and managing snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-managing-delete"><span class="title-number">11.6 </span><span class="title-name">Deleting a VM Guest</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-libvirt-admin-monitor"><span class="title-number">11.7 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-libvirt-connect"><span class="title-number">12 </span><span class="title-name">Connecting and authorizing</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-connect-auth"><span class="title-number">12.1 </span><span class="title-name">Authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-connect-connecting"><span class="title-number">12.2 </span><span class="title-name">Connecting to a VM Host Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-connect-remote"><span class="title-number">12.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring remote connections</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-libvirt-storage"><span class="title-number">13 </span><span class="title-name">Advanced storage topics</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-storage-locking"><span class="title-number">13.1 </span><span class="title-name">Locking disk files and block devices with <code class="systemitem">virtlockd</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-storage-resize"><span class="title-number">13.2 </span><span class="title-name">Online resizing of guest block devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-storage-share"><span class="title-number">13.3 </span><span class="title-name">Sharing directories between host and guests (file system pass-through)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#libvirt-storage-rbd"><span class="title-number">13.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using RADOS block devices with <code class="systemitem">libvirt</code></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-libvirt-config-gui"><span class="title-number">14 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring virtual machines with Virtual Machine Manager</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-machine-setup"><span class="title-number">14.1 </span><span class="title-name">Machine setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-storage"><span class="title-number">14.2 </span><span class="title-name">Storage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-controllers"><span class="title-number">14.3 </span><span class="title-name">Controllers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-networking"><span class="title-number">14.4 </span><span class="title-name">Networking</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-input"><span class="title-number">14.5 </span><span class="title-name">Input devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-video"><span class="title-number">14.6 </span><span class="title-name">Video</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-usb-redirectors"><span class="title-number">14.7 </span><span class="title-name">USB redirectors</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-miscellaneous"><span class="title-number">14.8 </span><span class="title-name">Miscellaneous</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-cdrom"><span class="title-number">14.9 </span><span class="title-name">Adding a CD/DVD-ROM device with Virtual Machine Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-floppy"><span class="title-number">14.10 </span><span class="title-name">Adding a floppy device with Virtual Machine Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-cdrom-media-change"><span class="title-number">14.11 </span><span class="title-name">Ejecting and changing floppy or CD/DVD-ROM media with Virtual Machine Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-pci"><span class="title-number">14.12 </span><span class="title-name">Assigning a host PCI device to a VM Guest</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-usb"><span class="title-number">14.13 </span><span class="title-name">Assigning a host USB device to a VM Guest</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-libvirt-config-virsh"><span class="title-number">15 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring virtual machines with <code class="command">virsh</code></span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-editing-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.1 </span><span class="title-name">Editing the VM configuration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-machinetype-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.2 </span><span class="title-name">Changing the machine type</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-hypervisor-features-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring hypervisor features</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#libvirt-cpu-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring CPU</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-boot-menu-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.5 </span><span class="title-name">Changing boot options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-memory-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.6 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring memory allocation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-pci-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.7 </span><span class="title-name">Adding a PCI device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-usb-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.8 </span><span class="title-name">Adding a USB device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-io"><span class="title-number">15.9 </span><span class="title-name">Adding SR-IOV devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#libvirt-config-listing-host-devs"><span class="title-number">15.10 </span><span class="title-name">Listing attached devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#libvirt-config-storage-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.11 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring storage devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-controllers-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.12 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring controller devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#libvirt-video-virsh"><span class="title-number">15.13 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring video devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#virsh-network-devices"><span class="title-number">15.14 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring network devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-direct"><span class="title-number">15.15 </span><span class="title-name">Using macvtap to share VM Host Server network interfaces</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-config-disable-virtio-mellon"><span class="title-number">15.16 </span><span class="title-name">Disabling a memory balloon device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#virsh-video-dual-head"><span class="title-number">15.17 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring multiple monitors (dual head)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#virsh-kvm-zseries-crypto"><span class="title-number">15.18 </span><span class="title-name">Crypto adapter pass-through to KVM guests on IBM Z</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#sec-libvirt-admin-migrate"><span class="title-number">16 </span><span class="title-name">Migrating VM Guests</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#libvirt-migration-types"><span class="title-number">16.1 </span><span class="title-name">Types of migration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#libvirt-admin-live-migration-requirements"><span class="title-number">16.2 </span><span class="title-name">Migration requirements</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-admin-migrate-virtmanager"><span class="title-number">16.3 </span><span class="title-name">Live-migrating with Virtual Machine Manager</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-admin-migrate-virsh"><span class="title-number">16.4 </span><span class="title-name">Migrating with <code class="command">virsh</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-migrate-stepbstep"><span class="title-number">16.5 </span><span class="title-name">Step-by-step example</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#xen2kvm-migration"><span class="title-number">17 </span><span class="title-name">Xen to KVM migration guide</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#x2k-v2v"><span class="title-number">17.1 </span><span class="title-name">Migration to KVM using <code class="command">virt-v2v</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.12.4.11.5"><span class="title-number">17.2 </span><span class="title-name">Xen to KVM manual migration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.12.4.11.6"><span class="title-number">17.3 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-virt-common"><span class="title-number">III </span><span class="title-name">Hypervisor-independent features</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-cachemodes"><span class="title-number">18 </span><span class="title-name">Disk cache modes</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#what-is-disk-cache"><span class="title-number">18.1 </span><span class="title-name">What is a disk cache?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#how-it-works-disk-cache"><span class="title-number">18.2 </span><span class="title-name">How does a disk cache work?</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#benefits-disk-cache"><span class="title-number">18.3 </span><span class="title-name">Benefits of disk caching</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cachemodes-descr"><span class="title-number">18.4 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual disk cache modes</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#qemu-cachemodes-data-integrity"><span class="title-number">18.5 </span><span class="title-name">Cache modes and data integrity</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-cache-mode-live-migration"><span class="title-number">18.6 </span><span class="title-name">Cache modes and live migration</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#sec-kvm-managing-clock"><span class="title-number">19 </span><span class="title-name">VM Guest clock settings</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-kvm-managing-clock-kvm"><span class="title-number">19.1 </span><span class="title-name">KVM: using <code class="systemitem">kvm_clock</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-guests-suse-time"><span class="title-number">19.2 </span><span class="title-name">Xen virtual machine clock settings</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#chap-guestfs"><span class="title-number">20 </span><span class="title-name">libguestfs</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-guestfs-intro"><span class="title-number">20.1 </span><span class="title-name">VM Guest manipulation overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-guestfs-package"><span class="title-number">20.2 </span><span class="title-name">Package installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-guestfs-tools"><span class="title-number">20.3 </span><span class="title-name">Guestfs tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-guestfs-trouble"><span class="title-number">20.4 </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-guestfs-external-doc"><span class="title-number">20.5 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-qemu-ga"><span class="title-number">21 </span><span class="title-name">QEMU guest agent</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-qemu-ga-libvirt-general"><span class="title-number">21.1 </span><span class="title-name">Running QEMU GA commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-qemu-ga-commands"><span class="title-number">21.2 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="command">virsh</code> commands that require QEMU GA</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-qemu-ga-libvirt"><span class="title-number">21.3 </span><span class="title-name">Enhancing <code class="systemitem">libvirt</code> commands</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-qemu-ga-moreinfo"><span class="title-number">21.4 </span><span class="title-name">More information</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#tpm"><span class="title-number">22 </span><span class="title-name">Software TPM emulator</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#tpm-introduction"><span class="title-number">22.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#tpm-prerequisite"><span class="title-number">22.2 </span><span class="title-name">Prerequisites</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#tpm-installation"><span class="title-number">22.3 </span><span class="title-name">Installation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#tpm-qemu"><span class="title-number">22.4 </span><span class="title-name">Using <code class="command">swtpm</code> with QEMU</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#tpm-libvirt"><span class="title-number">22.5 </span><span class="title-name">Using swtpm with <code class="systemitem">libvirt</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#tpm-ovmf"><span class="title-number">22.6 </span><span class="title-name">TPM measurement with OVMF firmware</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#qemu-tpm-resources"><span class="title-number">22.7 </span><span class="title-name">Resources</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#virt-crash-dump"><span class="title-number">23 </span><span class="title-name">Creating crash dumps of a VM Guest</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#virt-crash-dump-introduction"><span class="title-number">23.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#virt-crash-dump-fv"><span class="title-number">23.2 </span><span class="title-name">Creating crash dumps for fully virtualized machines</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#virt-crash-dump-pv"><span class="title-number">23.3 </span><span class="title-name">Creating crash dumps for paravirtualized machines</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#virt-crash-dump-more-info"><span class="title-number">23.4 </span><span class="title-name">Additional information</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-virt-xen"><span class="title-number">IV </span><span class="title-name">Managing virtual machines with Xen</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-xen-vhost"><span class="title-number">24 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a virtual machine host</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-vhost-best"><span class="title-number">24.1 </span><span class="title-name">Best practices and suggestions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-vhost-memory"><span class="title-number">24.2 </span><span class="title-name">Managing Dom0 memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-vhost-netcard"><span class="title-number">24.3 </span><span class="title-name">Network card in fully virtualized guests</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-vhost-start"><span class="title-number">24.4 </span><span class="title-name">Starting the virtual machine host</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-vhost-pciback"><span class="title-number">24.5 </span><span class="title-name">PCI Pass-Through</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-vhost-usbpass"><span class="title-number">24.6 </span><span class="title-name">USB pass-through</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-xen-network"><span class="title-number">25 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual networking</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-vdevices"><span class="title-number">25.1 </span><span class="title-name">Network devices for guest systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-net-host-route"><span class="title-number">25.2 </span><span class="title-name">Host-based routing in Xen</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-net-masquerade"><span class="title-number">25.3 </span><span class="title-name">Creating a masqueraded network setup</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-net-special"><span class="title-number">25.4 </span><span class="title-name">Special configurations</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-xen-manage"><span class="title-number">26 </span><span class="title-name">Managing a virtualization environment</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-manage-xl"><span class="title-number">26.1 </span><span class="title-name">XL—Xen management tool</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-manage-autostart"><span class="title-number">26.2 </span><span class="title-name">Automatic start of guest domains</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-manage-events"><span class="title-number">26.3 </span><span class="title-name">Event actions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-manage-tsc"><span class="title-number">26.4 </span><span class="title-name">Time Stamp Counter</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-config-suspend"><span class="title-number">26.5 </span><span class="title-name">Saving virtual machines</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-config-restore"><span class="title-number">26.6 </span><span class="title-name">Restoring virtual machines</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-config-state"><span class="title-number">26.7 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual machine states</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-xen-vbd"><span class="title-number">27 </span><span class="title-name">Block devices in Xen</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-config-disk"><span class="title-number">27.1 </span><span class="title-name">Mapping physical storage to virtual disks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-config-netdisk"><span class="title-number">27.2 </span><span class="title-name">Mapping network storage to virtual disk</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-config-filedisk"><span class="title-number">27.3 </span><span class="title-name">File-backed virtual disks and loopback devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-block-resize"><span class="title-number">27.4 </span><span class="title-name">Resizing block devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-block-advstoragescripts"><span class="title-number">27.5 </span><span class="title-name">Scripts for managing advanced storage scenarios</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-xen-config"><span class="title-number">28 </span><span class="title-name">Virtualization: configuration options and settings</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-config-vcd"><span class="title-number">28.1 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual CD readers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-config-remote-access"><span class="title-number">28.2 </span><span class="title-name">Remote access methods</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-config-vnc"><span class="title-number">28.3 </span><span class="title-name">VNC viewer</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-config-keyboard"><span class="title-number">28.4 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual keyboards</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#xen-config-cpupinning"><span class="title-number">28.5 </span><span class="title-name">Dedicating CPU resources</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-config-hvm"><span class="title-number">28.6 </span><span class="title-name">HVM features</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-config-scheduling"><span class="title-number">28.7 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual CPU scheduling</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-xen-admin"><span class="title-number">29 </span><span class="title-name">Administrative tasks</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-config-bootloader"><span class="title-number">29.1 </span><span class="title-name">The boot loader program</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-config-sparse"><span class="title-number">29.2 </span><span class="title-name">Sparse image files and disk space</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-manage-migrate"><span class="title-number">29.3 </span><span class="title-name">Migrating Xen VM Guest systems</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-monitor"><span class="title-number">29.4 </span><span class="title-name">Monitoring Xen</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-admin-vhostmd"><span class="title-number">29.5 </span><span class="title-name">Providing host information for VM Guest systems</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-xen-xenstore"><span class="title-number">30 </span><span class="title-name">XenStore: configuration database shared between domains</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xenstore-intro"><span class="title-number">30.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xenstore-fsi"><span class="title-number">30.2 </span><span class="title-name">File system interface</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-xen-ha"><span class="title-number">31 </span><span class="title-name">Xen as a high-availability virtualization host</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-ha-remote-storage"><span class="title-number">31.1 </span><span class="title-name">Xen HA with remote storage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-ha-local-storage"><span class="title-number">31.2 </span><span class="title-name">Xen HA with local storage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xen-ha-private-bridge"><span class="title-number">31.3 </span><span class="title-name">Xen HA and private bridges</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#pv-to-fv"><span class="title-number">32 </span><span class="title-name">Xen: converting a paravirtual (PV) guest into a fully virtual (FV/HVM) guest</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-virt-qemu"><span class="title-number">V </span><span class="title-name">Managing virtual machines with QEMU</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-qemu-overview"><span class="title-number">33 </span><span class="title-name">QEMU overview</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-qemu-host"><span class="title-number">34 </span><span class="title-name">Setting up a KVM VM Host Server</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#kvm-host-cpu"><span class="title-number">34.1 </span><span class="title-name">CPU support for virtualization</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#kvm-host-soft"><span class="title-number">34.2 </span><span class="title-name">Required software</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#kvm-host-virtio"><span class="title-number">34.3 </span><span class="title-name">KVM host-specific features</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-qemu-guest-inst"><span class="title-number">35 </span><span class="title-name">Guest installation</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-qemu-guest-inst-qemu-kvm"><span class="title-number">35.1 </span><span class="title-name">Basic installation with <code class="command">qemu-system-ARCH</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-qemu-guest-inst-qemu-img"><span class="title-number">35.2 </span><span class="title-name">Managing disk images with <code class="command">qemu-img</code></span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-qemu-running"><span class="title-number">36 </span><span class="title-name">Running virtual machines with qemu-system-ARCH</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-qemu-running-basic"><span class="title-number">36.1 </span><span class="title-name">Basic <code class="command">qemu-system-ARCH</code> invocation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-qemu-running-gen-opts"><span class="title-number">36.2 </span><span class="title-name">General <code class="command">qemu-system-ARCH</code> options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-qemu-running-devices"><span class="title-number">36.3 </span><span class="title-name">Using devices in QEMU</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-qemu-running-networking"><span class="title-number">36.4 </span><span class="title-name">Networking in QEMU</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#cha-qemu-running-vnc"><span class="title-number">36.5 </span><span class="title-name">Viewing a VM Guest with VNC</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-qemu-monitor"><span class="title-number">37 </span><span class="title-name">Virtual machine administration using QEMU monitor</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-qemu-monitor-access"><span class="title-number">37.1 </span><span class="title-name">Accessing monitor console</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-qemu-monitor-get"><span class="title-number">37.2 </span><span class="title-name">Getting information about the guest system</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-qemu-monitor-vnc-pw"><span class="title-number">37.3 </span><span class="title-name">Changing VNC password</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-qemu-monitor-manage-dev"><span class="title-number">37.4 </span><span class="title-name">Managing devices</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-qemu-monitor-keyboard"><span class="title-number">37.5 </span><span class="title-name">Controlling keyboard and mouse</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-qemu-monitor-memory"><span class="title-number">37.6 </span><span class="title-name">Changing available memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-qemu-monitor-virt-memory"><span class="title-number">37.7 </span><span class="title-name">Dumping virtual machine memory</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-qemu-monitor-snapshots"><span class="title-number">37.8 </span><span class="title-name">Managing virtual machine snapshots</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-qemu-monitor-suspend"><span class="title-number">37.9 </span><span class="title-name">Suspending and resuming virtual machine execution</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-qemu-monitor-migrate"><span class="title-number">37.10 </span><span class="title-name">Live migration</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#qemu-monitor-qmp"><span class="title-number">37.11 </span><span class="title-name">QMP - QEMU machine protocol</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="part"><a href="#part-virt-troubleshoot"><span class="title-number">VI </span><span class="title-name">Troubleshooting</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-virt-help"><span class="title-number">38 </span><span class="title-name">Integrated help and package documentation</span></a></span></li><li><span class="chapter"><a href="#cha-virt-logs"><span class="title-number">39 </span><span class="title-name">Gathering system information and logs</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-logs-libvirt"><span class="title-number">39.1 </span><span class="title-name"><code class="systemitem">libvirt</code> log controls</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><span class="glossary"><a href="#gloss-vt-glossary"><span class="title-name">Glossary</span></a></span></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#app-vmdp-driver"><span class="title-number">A </span><span class="title-name">Virtual machine drivers</span></a></span></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#app-gpu-passthru"><span class="title-number">B </span><span class="title-name">Configuring GPU Pass-Through for NVIDIA cards</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#gpu-passthru-intro"><span class="title-number">B.1 </span><span class="title-name">Introduction</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#gpu-passthru-prerequisites"><span class="title-number">B.2 </span><span class="title-name">Prerequisites</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#gpu-passthru-host"><span class="title-number">B.3 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the host</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#gpu-passthru-guest"><span class="title-number">B.4 </span><span class="title-name">Configuring the guest</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#cha-xmtoxl"><span class="title-number">C </span><span class="title-name">XM, XL toolstacks, and the <code class="systemitem">libvirt</code> framework</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xmtoxl-intro"><span class="title-number">C.1 </span><span class="title-name">Xen toolstacks</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#xen-xen2libvirt"><span class="title-number">C.2 </span><span class="title-name">Import Xen domain configuration into <code class="systemitem">libvirt</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xmvsxl"><span class="title-number">C.3 </span><span class="title-name">Differences between the <code class="command">xm</code> and <code class="command">xl</code> applications</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-xmtoxl-links"><span class="title-number">C.4 </span><span class="title-name">External links</span></a></span></li><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#sec-libvirt-managing-export-Xen-xm"><span class="title-number">C.5 </span><span class="title-name">Saving a Xen guest configuration in an <code class="command">xm</code> compatible format</span></a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="appendix"><a href="#id-1.12.13"><span class="title-number">D </span><span class="title-name">GNU licenses</span></a></span><ul><li><span class="sect1"><a href="#id-1.12.13.4"><span class="title-number">D.1 </span><span class="title-name">GNU Free Documentation License</span></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-figures"><div class="toc-title">List of Figures</div><ul><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-xen-basics-arch"><span class="number">3.1 </span><span class="name">Xen virtualization architecture</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-kvm-basics-arch"><span class="number">4.1 </span><span class="name">KVM virtualization architecture</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.3.7.4.4.3"><span class="number">6.1 </span><span class="name">System Role screen</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.3.4.5.6.3.2.2.2"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">Connection details</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.3.4.5.6.3.2.4.2"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name">Create virtual network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.4.6.2.3"><span class="number">10.1 </span><span class="name">Specifying default options for new VMs</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.8.4"><span class="number">14.1 </span><span class="name"><span class="guimenu">Details</span> view of a VM Guest</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.8.9.3.3"><span class="number">14.2 </span><span class="name">Overview details</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.8.9.3.5"><span class="number">14.3 </span><span class="name">VM Guest title and description</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.8.9.4.3"><span class="number">14.4 </span><span class="name">Performance</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.8.9.4.5"><span class="number">14.5 </span><span class="name">Statistics charts</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.8.9.5.3"><span class="number">14.6 </span><span class="name">Processor view</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.8.9.6.3"><span class="number">14.7 </span><span class="name">Memory view</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.8.9.7.3"><span class="number">14.8 </span><span class="name">Boot options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.8.10.3.2.2"><span class="number">14.9 </span><span class="name">Add a new storage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.8.11.3.2.2"><span class="number">14.10 </span><span class="name">Add a new controller</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.8.12.3.2.2"><span class="number">14.11 </span><span class="name">Add a new network interface</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.8.13.3.2.2"><span class="number">14.12 </span><span class="name">Add a new input device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.8.14.3.3.1"><span class="number">14.13 </span><span class="name">Add a new video device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.8.15.3.2.2"><span class="number">14.14 </span><span class="name">Add a new USB redirector</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.8.20.3.3.2.2"><span class="number">14.15 </span><span class="name">Adding a PCI device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.4.8.21.3.3.2.2"><span class="number">14.16 </span><span class="name">Adding a USB device</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#fig-caching"><span class="number">18.1 </span><span class="name">Caching mechanism</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.6.7.4.4"><span class="number">29.1 </span><span class="name">Boot loader settings</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.7.3.6.3.2.2"><span class="number">34.1 </span><span class="name">Installing the KVM hypervisor and tools</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.7.3.6.3.4.2"><span class="number">34.2 </span><span class="name">Network bridge</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.7.5.5.5.5.6"><span class="number">36.1 </span><span class="name">QEMU window with SLES as VM Guest</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.7.5.8.11"><span class="number">36.2 </span><span class="name">QEMU VNC session</span></a></span></li><li><span class="figure"><a href="#id-1.12.7.5.8.12.7"><span class="number">36.3 </span><span class="name">Authentication dialog in Remmina</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-tables"><div class="toc-title">List of Tables</div><ul><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.3.8.5.6.3"><span class="number">7.1 </span><span class="name">KVM VM limits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.3.8.5.7.2"><span class="number">7.2 </span><span class="name">Xen VM limits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.3.8.5.7.3"><span class="number">7.3 </span><span class="name">Xen host limits</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.3.8.6.3"><span class="number">7.4 </span><span class="name">The following SUSE host environments are supported</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.3.8.8.3.3"><span class="number">7.5 </span><span class="name">Supported offline migration guests</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.3.8.8.4.5"><span class="number">7.6 </span><span class="name">Supported live-migration guests</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.3.8.9.4.2"><span class="number">7.7 </span><span class="name">Feature support—host (<code class="literal">Dom0</code>)</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.3.8.9.5.6"><span class="number">7.8 </span><span class="name">Guest feature support for Xen and KVM</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#tab-xen-remote-storage"><span class="number">31.1 </span><span class="name">Xen remote storage</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.6.3"><span class="number">C.1 </span><span class="name">Notation conventions</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.7.3"><span class="number">C.2 </span><span class="name">New global options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.8.3"><span class="number">C.3 </span><span class="name">Common options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.9.3.3"><span class="number">C.4 </span><span class="name">Domain management removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.9.4.3"><span class="number">C.5 </span><span class="name">USB devices management removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.9.5.3"><span class="number">C.6 </span><span class="name">CPU management removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.9.6.3"><span class="number">C.7 </span><span class="name">Other options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.3.4"><span class="number">C.8 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">create</code> Changed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.3.5"><span class="number">C.9 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">create</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.3.6"><span class="number">C.10 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">create</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.4.4"><span class="number">C.11 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">console</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.5.3"><span class="number">C.12 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">info</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.6.4"><span class="number">C.13 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">dump-core</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.7.4"><span class="number">C.14 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">list</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.7.5"><span class="number">C.15 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">list</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.8.3"><span class="number">C.16 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">mem-*</code> Changed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.9.4"><span class="number">C.17 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">migrate</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.9.5"><span class="number">C.18 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">migrate</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.10.4"><span class="number">C.19 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">reboot</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.10.5"><span class="number">C.20 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">reboot</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.10.8"><span class="number">C.21 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">save</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.10.11"><span class="number">C.22 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">restore</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.10.14"><span class="number">C.23 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">shutdown</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.10.15"><span class="number">C.24 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">shutdown</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.10.16"><span class="number">C.25 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">trigger</code> Changed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.11.4"><span class="number">C.26 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">sched-credit</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.11.5"><span class="number">C.27 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">sched-credit</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.11.8"><span class="number">C.28 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">sched-credit2</code> Removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.11.9"><span class="number">C.29 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">sched-credit2</code> Added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.11.11"><span class="number">C.30 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">sched-sedf</code> removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.11.12"><span class="number">C.31 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">sched-sedf</code> added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.12.4"><span class="number">C.32 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">cpupool-list</code> removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.12.7"><span class="number">C.33 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">cpupool-create</code> removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.13.4"><span class="number">C.34 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">pci-detach</code> added options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.13.5"><span class="number">C.35 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xm</code> <code class="option">block-list</code> removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.13.6"><span class="number">C.36 </span><span class="name">Other options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.14.2"><span class="number">C.37 </span><span class="name">Network options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#id-1.12.12.5.10.14.3"><span class="number">C.38 </span><span class="name"><code class="command">xl</code> <code class="option">network-attach</code> removed options</span></a></span></li><li><span class="table"><a href="#table-xmtoxl-new-options"><span class="number">C.39 </span><span class="name">New options</span></a></span></li></ul></div><div class="list-of-examples"><div class="toc-title">List of Examples</div><ul><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-libvirt-net-nat"><span class="number">9.1 </span><span class="name">NAT-based network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.12.4.3.4.5.7.6.9"><span class="number">9.2 </span><span class="name">Routed network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.12.4.3.4.5.7.6.10"><span class="number">9.3 </span><span class="name">Isolated network</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.12.4.3.4.5.7.6.11"><span class="number">9.4 </span><span class="name">Using an existing bridge on VM Host Server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.12.4.4.7.4.6.2.3"><span class="number">10.1 </span><span class="name">Loading kernel and initrd from HTTP server</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-libvirt-inst-virt-install-example"><span class="number">10.2 </span><span class="name">Example of a <code class="command">virt-install</code> command line</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.12.4.5.11.5.6"><span class="number">11.1 </span><span class="name">Typical output of <code class="command">kvm_stat</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.12.4.9.3.3"><span class="number">15.1 </span><span class="name">Example XML configuration file</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.12.6.4.4.18.4"><span class="number">26.1 </span><span class="name">Guest domain configuration file for SLED 12: <code class="filename">/etc/xen/sled12.cfg</code></span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-qemu-virtfs-host"><span class="number">34.1 </span><span class="name">Exporting host's file system with VirtFS</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-qemu-net-usermode-resctrict"><span class="number">36.1 </span><span class="name">Restricted user-mode networking</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-qemu-net-usermode-iprange"><span class="number">36.2 </span><span class="name">User-mode networking with custom IP range</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-qemu-net-usermode-netboot-tftp"><span class="number">36.3 </span><span class="name">User-mode networking with network-boot and TFTP</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-qemu-net-usermode-hostfwd"><span class="number">36.4 </span><span class="name">User-mode networking with host port forwarding</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-running-vnc-secure-pwd"><span class="number">36.5 </span><span class="name">Password authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-running-vnc-secure-x509"><span class="number">36.6 </span><span class="name">x509 certificate authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-running-vnc-secure-pwd-x509"><span class="number">36.7 </span><span class="name">x509 certificate and password authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#ex-running-vnc-secure-sasl"><span class="number">36.8 </span><span class="name">SASL authentication</span></a></span></li><li><span class="example"><a href="#id-1.12.12.4.10"><span class="number">C.1 </span><span class="name">Converting Xen domain configuration to <code class="systemitem">libvirt</code></span></a></span></li></ul></div><div><div xml:lang="en" class="legalnotice" id="id-1.12.1.5"><p>
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