lichess-bot.py

"""The main module that controls lichess-bot."""
# mypy: disable-error-code=valid-type
import argparse
import chess
import chess.pgn
from chess.variant import find_variant
import engine_wrapper
import model
import json
import lichess
import logging
import logging.handlers
import multiprocessing
import matchmaking
import signal
import time
import backoff
import os
import io
import copy
import math
import sys
import yaml
from config import load_config, Configuration
from conversation import Conversation, ChatLine
from timer import Timer
from requests.exceptions import ChunkedEncodingError, ConnectionError, HTTPError, ReadTimeout
from asyncio.exceptions import TimeoutError as MoveTimeout
from rich.logging import RichHandler
from collections import defaultdict
from http.client import RemoteDisconnected
from queue import Queue
from multiprocessing.pool import Pool
from typing import Dict, Any, Optional, Set, List, Iterator, DefaultDict, Union
USER_PROFILE_TYPE = Dict[str, Any]
EVENT_TYPE = Dict[str, Any]
PLAY_GAME_ARGS_TYPE = Dict[str, Any]
EVENT_GETATTR_GAME_TYPE = Dict[str, Any]
GAME_EVENT_TYPE = Dict[str, Any]
CONTROL_QUEUE_TYPE = "Queue[EVENT_TYPE]"
CORRESPONDENCE_QUEUE_TYPE = "Queue[str]"
LOGGING_QUEUE_TYPE = "Queue[logging.LogRecord]"
MULTIPROCESSING_LIST_TYPE = List[model.Challenge]
POOL_TYPE = Pool

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

with open("versioning.yml") as version_file:
    versioning_info = yaml.safe_load(version_file)

__version__ = versioning_info["lichess_bot_version"]

terminated = False
restart = True


def signal_handler(signal: int, frame: Any) -> None:
    """Terminate lichess-bot."""
    global terminated
    logger.debug("Recieved SIGINT. Terminating client.")
    terminated = True


signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal_handler)


def is_final(exception: Exception) -> bool:
    """If `is_final` returns True then we won't retry."""
    return isinstance(exception, HTTPError) and exception.response.status_code < 500


def upgrade_account(li: lichess.Lichess) -> bool:
    """Upgrade the account to a BOT account."""
    if li.upgrade_to_bot_account() is None:
        return False

    logger.info("Succesfully upgraded to Bot Account!")
    return True


def watch_control_stream(control_queue: CONTROL_QUEUE_TYPE, li: lichess.Lichess) -> None:
    """Put the events in a queue."""
    while not terminated:
        try:
            response = li.get_event_stream()
            lines = response.iter_lines()
            for line in lines:
                if line:
                    event = json.loads(line.decode("utf-8"))
                    control_queue.put_nowait(event)  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
                else:
                    control_queue.put_nowait({"type": "ping"})  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
        except Exception:
            break

    control_queue.put_nowait({"type": "terminated"})  # type: ignore[attr-defined]


def do_correspondence_ping(control_queue: CONTROL_QUEUE_TYPE, period: int) -> None:
    """
    Tell the engine to check the correspondence games.

    :param period: How many seconds to wait before sending a correspondence ping.
    """
    while not terminated:
        time.sleep(period)
        control_queue.put_nowait({"type": "correspondence_ping"})  # type: ignore[attr-defined]


def logging_configurer(level: int, filename: Optional[str]) -> None:
    """
    Configure the logger.

    :param level: The logging level. Either `logging.INFO` or `logging.DEBUG`.
    :param filename: The filename to write the logs to. If it is `None` then the logs aren't written to a file.
    """
    console_handler = RichHandler()
    console_formatter = logging.Formatter("%(message)s")
    console_handler.setFormatter(console_formatter)
    all_handlers: List[logging.Handler] = [console_handler]

    if filename:
        file_handler = logging.FileHandler(filename, delay=True)
        FORMAT = "%(asctime)s %(name)s %(levelname)s %(message)s"
        file_formatter = logging.Formatter(FORMAT)
        file_handler.setFormatter(file_formatter)
        all_handlers.append(file_handler)

    logging.basicConfig(level=level,
                        handlers=all_handlers,
                        force=True)


def logging_listener_proc(queue: LOGGING_QUEUE_TYPE, level: int, log_filename: Optional[str]) -> None:
    """
    Handle events from the logging queue.

    This allows the logs from inside a thread to be printed.
    They are added to the queue, so they are printed outside the thread.
    """
    logging_configurer(level, log_filename)
    logger = logging.getLogger()
    while not terminated:
        task = queue.get()  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
        try:
            logger.handle(task)
        except Exception:
            pass
        queue.task_done()  # type: ignore[attr-defined]


def game_logging_configurer(queue: Union[CONTROL_QUEUE_TYPE, LOGGING_QUEUE_TYPE], level: int) -> None:
    """Configure the game logger."""
    h = logging.handlers.QueueHandler(queue)
    root = logging.getLogger()
    root.handlers.clear()
    root.addHandler(h)
    root.setLevel(level)


def game_error_handler(error: BaseException) -> None:
    """Handle game errors."""
    logger.exception("Game ended due to error:", exc_info=error)


def start(li: lichess.Lichess, user_profile: USER_PROFILE_TYPE, config: Configuration, logging_level: int,
          log_filename: Optional[str], one_game: bool = False) -> None:
    """
    Start lichess-bot.

    :param li: Provides communication with lichess.org.
    :param user_profile: Information on our bot.
    :param config: The config that the bot will use.
    :param logging_level: The logging level. Either `logging.INFO` or `logging.DEBUG`.
    :param log_filename: The filename to write the logs to. If it is `None` then the logs aren't written to a file.
    :param one_game: Whether the bot should play only one game. Only used in `test_bot/test_bot.py` to test lichess-bot.
    """
    logger.info(f"You're now connected to {config.url} and awaiting challenges.")
    manager = multiprocessing.Manager()
    challenge_queue: MULTIPROCESSING_LIST_TYPE = manager.list()  # type: ignore[assignment]
    control_queue: CONTROL_QUEUE_TYPE = manager.Queue()
    control_stream = multiprocessing.Process(target=watch_control_stream, args=(control_queue, li))
    control_stream.start()
    correspondence_pinger = multiprocessing.Process(target=do_correspondence_ping,
                                                    args=(control_queue,
                                                          config.correspondence.checkin_period))
    correspondence_pinger.start()
    correspondence_queue: CORRESPONDENCE_QUEUE_TYPE = manager.Queue()

    logging_queue = manager.Queue()
    logging_listener = multiprocessing.Process(target=logging_listener_proc,
                                               args=(logging_queue,
                                                     logging_level,
                                                     log_filename))
    logging_listener.start()

    try:
        lichess_bot_main(li,
                         user_profile,
                         config,
                         logging_level,
                         challenge_queue,
                         control_queue,
                         correspondence_queue,
                         logging_queue,
                         one_game)
    finally:
        control_stream.terminate()
        control_stream.join()
        correspondence_pinger.terminate()
        correspondence_pinger.join()
        logging_listener.terminate()
        logging_listener.join()


def log_proc_count(change: str, active_games: Set[str]) -> None:
    """
    Log the number of active games and their IDs.

    :param change: Either "Freed", "Used", or "Queued".
    :param active_games: A set containing the IDs of the active games.
    """
    symbol = "+++" if change == "Freed" else "---"
    logger.info(f"{symbol} Process {change}. Count: {len(active_games)}. IDs: {active_games or None}")


def lichess_bot_main(li: lichess.Lichess,
                     user_profile: USER_PROFILE_TYPE,
                     config: Configuration,
                     logging_level: int,
                     challenge_queue: MULTIPROCESSING_LIST_TYPE,
                     control_queue: CONTROL_QUEUE_TYPE,
                     correspondence_queue: CORRESPONDENCE_QUEUE_TYPE,
                     logging_queue: LOGGING_QUEUE_TYPE,
                     one_game: bool) -> None:
    """
    Handle all the games and challenges.

    :param li: Provides communication with lichess.org.
    :param user_profile: Information on our bot.
    :param config: The config that the bot will use.
    :param logging_level: The logging level. Either `logging.INFO` or `logging.DEBUG`.
    :param challenge_queue: The queue containing the challenges.
    :param control_queue: The queue containing all the events.
    :param correspondence_queue: The queue containing the correspondence games.
    :param logging_queue: The logging queue. Used by `logging_listener_proc`.
    :param one_game: Whether the bot should play only one game. Only used in `test_bot/test_bot.py` to test lichess-bot.
    """
    global restart

    max_games = config.challenge.concurrency

    one_game_completed = False

    all_games = li.get_ongoing_games()
    startup_correspondence_games = [game["gameId"]
                                    for game in all_games
                                    if game["speed"] == "correspondence"]
    active_games = set(game["gameId"]
                       for game in all_games
                       if game["gameId"] not in startup_correspondence_games)
    low_time_games: List[EVENT_GETATTR_GAME_TYPE] = []

    last_check_online_time = Timer(60 * 60)  # one hour interval
    matchmaker = matchmaking.Matchmaking(li, config, user_profile)
    matchmaker.show_earliest_challenge_time()

    play_game_args = {"li": li,
                      "control_queue": control_queue,
                      "user_profile": user_profile,
                      "config": config,
                      "challenge_queue": challenge_queue,
                      "correspondence_queue": correspondence_queue,
                      "logging_queue": logging_queue,
                      "logging_level": logging_level}

    recent_bot_challenges: DefaultDict[str, List[Timer]] = defaultdict(list)

    with multiprocessing.pool.Pool(max_games + 1) as pool:
        while not (terminated or (one_game and one_game_completed) or restart):
            event = next_event(control_queue)
            if not event:
                continue

            if event["type"] == "terminated":
                restart = True
                control_queue.task_done()  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
                break
            elif event["type"] in ["local_game_done", "gameFinish"]:
                id = event["game"]["id"]
                if id in active_games:
                    active_games.discard(id)
                    matchmaker.game_done()
                    log_proc_count("Freed", active_games)
                one_game_completed = True
            elif event["type"] == "challenge":
                handle_challenge(event, li, challenge_queue, config.challenge, user_profile, matchmaker, recent_bot_challenges)
            elif event["type"] == "challengeDeclined":
                matchmaker.declined_challenge(event)
            elif event["type"] == "gameStart":
                matchmaker.accepted_challenge(event)
                start_game(event,
                           pool,
                           play_game_args,
                           config,
                           matchmaker,
                           startup_correspondence_games,
                           correspondence_queue,
                           active_games,
                           low_time_games)

            start_low_time_games(low_time_games, active_games, max_games, pool, play_game_args)
            check_in_on_correspondence_games(pool,
                                             event,
                                             correspondence_queue,
                                             challenge_queue,
                                             play_game_args,
                                             active_games,
                                             max_games)
            accept_challenges(li, challenge_queue, active_games, max_games)
            matchmaker.challenge(active_games, challenge_queue)
            check_online_status(li, user_profile, last_check_online_time)

            control_queue.task_done()  # type: ignore[attr-defined]

    logger.info("Terminated")


def next_event(control_queue: CONTROL_QUEUE_TYPE) -> EVENT_TYPE:
    """Get the next event from the control queue."""
    try:
        event: EVENT_TYPE = control_queue.get()  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
    except InterruptedError:
        return {}

    if "type" not in event:
        logger.warning("Unable to handle response from lichess.org:")
        logger.warning(event)
        control_queue.task_done()  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
        return {}

    if event.get("type") != "ping":
        logger.debug(f"Event: {event}")

    return event


correspondence_games_to_start = 0


def check_in_on_correspondence_games(pool: POOL_TYPE,
                                     event: EVENT_TYPE,
                                     correspondence_queue: CORRESPONDENCE_QUEUE_TYPE,
                                     challenge_queue: MULTIPROCESSING_LIST_TYPE,
                                     play_game_args: PLAY_GAME_ARGS_TYPE,
                                     active_games: Set[str],
                                     max_games: int) -> None:
    """Start correspondence games."""
    global correspondence_games_to_start

    if event["type"] == "correspondence_ping":
        correspondence_games_to_start = correspondence_queue.qsize()  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
    elif event["type"] != "local_game_done":
        return

    if challenge_queue:
        return

    while len(active_games) < max_games and correspondence_games_to_start > 0:
        game_id = correspondence_queue.get_nowait()  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
        correspondence_games_to_start -= 1
        correspondence_queue.task_done()  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
        start_game_thread(active_games, game_id, play_game_args, pool)


def start_low_time_games(low_time_games: List[EVENT_GETATTR_GAME_TYPE], active_games: Set[str], max_games: int,
                         pool: POOL_TYPE, play_game_args: PLAY_GAME_ARGS_TYPE) -> None:
    """Start the games based on how much time we have left."""
    low_time_games.sort(key=lambda g: g.get("secondsLeft", math.inf))
    while low_time_games and len(active_games) < max_games:
        game_id = low_time_games.pop(0)["id"]
        start_game_thread(active_games, game_id, play_game_args, pool)


def accept_challenges(li: lichess.Lichess, challenge_queue: MULTIPROCESSING_LIST_TYPE, active_games: Set[str],
                      max_games: int) -> None:
    """Accept a challenge."""
    while len(active_games) < max_games and challenge_queue:
        chlng = challenge_queue.pop(0)
        if chlng.from_self:
            continue

        try:
            logger.info(f"Accept {chlng}")
            li.accept_challenge(chlng.id)
            active_games.add(chlng.id)
            log_proc_count("Queued", active_games)
        except (HTTPError, ReadTimeout) as exception:
            if isinstance(exception, HTTPError) and exception.response.status_code == 404:
                logger.info(f"Skip missing {chlng}")


def check_online_status(li: lichess.Lichess, user_profile: USER_PROFILE_TYPE, last_check_online_time: Timer) -> None:
    """Check if lichess.org thinks the bot is online or not. If it isn't, we restart it."""
    global restart

    if last_check_online_time.is_expired():
        try:
            if not li.is_online(user_profile["id"]):
                logger.info("Will restart lichess-bot")
                restart = True
            last_check_online_time.reset()
        except (HTTPError, ReadTimeout):
            pass


def sort_challenges(challenge_queue: MULTIPROCESSING_LIST_TYPE, challenge_config: Configuration) -> None:
    """
    Sort the challenges.

    They can be sorted either by rating (the best challenger is accepted first),
    or by time (the first challenger is accepted first).
    """
    if challenge_config.sort_by == "best":
        list_c = list(challenge_queue)
        list_c.sort(key=lambda c: -c.score())
        challenge_queue[:] = list_c


def start_game_thread(active_games: Set[str], game_id: str, play_game_args: PLAY_GAME_ARGS_TYPE, pool: POOL_TYPE) -> None:
    """Start a game thread."""
    active_games.add(game_id)
    log_proc_count("Used", active_games)
    play_game_args["game_id"] = game_id
    pool.apply_async(play_game,
                     kwds=play_game_args,
                     error_callback=game_error_handler)


def start_game(event: EVENT_TYPE,
               pool: POOL_TYPE,
               play_game_args: PLAY_GAME_ARGS_TYPE,
               config: Configuration,
               matchmaker: matchmaking.Matchmaking,
               startup_correspondence_games: List[str],
               correspondence_queue: CORRESPONDENCE_QUEUE_TYPE,
               active_games: Set[str],
               low_time_games: List[EVENT_GETATTR_GAME_TYPE]) -> None:
    """
    Start a game.

    :param event: The gameStart event.
    :param pool: The thread pool that the game is added to, so they can be run asynchronously.
    :param play_game_args: The args passed to `play_game`.
    :param config: The config the bot will use.
    :param matchmaker: The matchmaker that challenges other bots.
    :param startup_correspondence_games: A list of correspondence games that have to be started.
    :param correspondence_queue: The queue that correspondence games are added to, to be started.
    :param active_games: A set of all the games that aren't correspondence games.
    :param low_time_games: A list of games, in which we don't have much time remaining.
    """
    game_id = event["game"]["id"]
    if matchmaker.challenge_id == game_id:
        matchmaker.challenge_id = ""
    if game_id in startup_correspondence_games:
        if enough_time_to_queue(event, config):
            logger.info(f'--- Enqueue {config.url + game_id}')
            correspondence_queue.put_nowait(game_id)  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
        else:
            logger.info(f'--- Will start {config.url + game_id} as soon as possible')
            low_time_games.append(event["game"])
        startup_correspondence_games.remove(game_id)
    else:
        start_game_thread(active_games, game_id, play_game_args, pool)


def enough_time_to_queue(event: EVENT_TYPE, config: Configuration) -> bool:
    """Check whether the correspondence must be started now or if it can wait."""
    corr_cfg = config.correspondence
    minimum_time = (corr_cfg.checkin_period + corr_cfg.move_time) * 10
    game = event["game"]
    return not game["isMyTurn"] or game.get("secondsLeft", math.inf) > minimum_time


def handle_challenge(event: EVENT_TYPE, li: lichess.Lichess, challenge_queue: MULTIPROCESSING_LIST_TYPE,
                     challenge_config: Configuration, user_profile: USER_PROFILE_TYPE,
                     matchmaker: matchmaking.Matchmaking, recent_bot_challenges: DefaultDict[str, List[Timer]]) -> None:
    """Handle incoming challenges. It either accepts, declines, or queues them to accept later."""
    chlng = model.Challenge(event["challenge"], user_profile)
    is_supported, decline_reason = chlng.is_supported(challenge_config, recent_bot_challenges)
    if is_supported:
        challenge_queue.append(chlng)
        if challenge_config.recent_bot_challenge_age is not None:
            recent_bot_challenges[chlng.challenger.name].append(Timer(challenge_config.recent_bot_challenge_age))
        sort_challenges(challenge_queue, challenge_config)
        time_window = challenge_config.recent_bot_challenge_age
        if time_window is not None:
            recent_bot_challenges[chlng.challenger.name].append(Timer(time_window))
    elif chlng.id != matchmaker.challenge_id:
        li.decline_challenge(chlng.id, reason=decline_reason)


@backoff.on_exception(backoff.expo, BaseException, max_time=600, giveup=is_final)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
def play_game(li: lichess.Lichess,
              game_id: str,
              control_queue: CONTROL_QUEUE_TYPE,
              user_profile: USER_PROFILE_TYPE,
              config: Configuration,
              challenge_queue: MULTIPROCESSING_LIST_TYPE,
              correspondence_queue: CORRESPONDENCE_QUEUE_TYPE,
              logging_queue: LOGGING_QUEUE_TYPE,
              logging_level: int) -> None:
    """
    Play a game.

    :param li: Provides communication with lichess.org.
    :param game_id: The id of the game.
    :param control_queue: The control queue that contains events (adds `local_game_done` to the queue).
    :param user_profile: Information on our bot.
    :param config: The config that the bot will use.
    :param challenge_queue: The queue containing the challenges.
    :param correspondence_queue: The queue containing the correspondence games.
    :param logging_queue: The logging queue. Used by `logging_listener_proc`.
    :param logging_level: The logging level. Either `logging.INFO` or `logging.DEBUG`.
    """
    game_logging_configurer(logging_queue, logging_level)
    logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

    response = li.get_game_stream(game_id)
    lines = response.iter_lines()

    # Initial response of stream will be the full game info. Store it.
    initial_state = json.loads(next(lines).decode("utf-8"))
    logger.debug(f"Initial state: {initial_state}")
    abort_time = config.abort_time
    game = model.Game(initial_state, user_profile["username"], li.baseUrl, abort_time)

    with engine_wrapper.create_engine(config) as engine:
        engine.get_opponent_info(game)
        logger.debug(f"The engine for game {game_id} has pid={engine.get_pid()}")
        conversation = Conversation(game, engine, li, __version__, challenge_queue)

        logger.info(f"+++ {game}")

        is_correspondence = game.speed == "correspondence"
        correspondence_cfg = config.correspondence
        correspondence_move_time = correspondence_cfg.move_time * 1000
        correspondence_disconnect_time = correspondence_cfg.disconnect_time

        engine_cfg = config.engine
        ponder_cfg = correspondence_cfg if is_correspondence else engine_cfg
        can_ponder = ponder_cfg.uci_ponder or ponder_cfg.ponder
        move_overhead = config.move_overhead
        delay_seconds = config.rate_limiting_delay / 1000

        keyword_map: DefaultDict[str, str] = defaultdict(str, me=game.me.name, opponent=game.opponent.name)
        hello = get_greeting("hello", config.greeting, keyword_map)
        goodbye = get_greeting("goodbye", config.greeting, keyword_map)
        hello_spectators = get_greeting("hello_spectators", config.greeting, keyword_map)
        goodbye_spectators = get_greeting("goodbye_spectators", config.greeting, keyword_map)

        disconnect_time = correspondence_disconnect_time if not game.state.get("moves") else 0
        prior_game = None
        board = chess.Board()
        upd: Dict[str, Any] = game.state
        while not terminated:
            move_attempted = False
            try:
                upd = upd or next_update(lines)
                u_type = upd["type"] if upd else "ping"
                if u_type == "chatLine":
                    conversation.react(ChatLine(upd), game)
                elif u_type == "gameState":
                    game.state = upd
                    board = setup_board(game)
                    if not is_game_over(game) and is_engine_move(game, prior_game, board):
                        disconnect_time = correspondence_disconnect_time
                        say_hello(conversation, hello, hello_spectators, board)
                        start_time = time.perf_counter_ns()
                        fake_thinking(config, board, game)
                        print_move_number(board)
                        move_attempted = True
                        engine.play_move(board,
                                         game,
                                         li,
                                         start_time,
                                         move_overhead,
                                         can_ponder,
                                         is_correspondence,
                                         correspondence_move_time,
                                         engine_cfg)
                        time.sleep(delay_seconds)
                    elif is_game_over(game):
                        engine.report_game_result(game, board)
                        tell_user_game_result(game, board)
                        conversation.send_message("player", goodbye)
                        conversation.send_message("spectator", goodbye_spectators)

                    wb = "w" if board.turn == chess.WHITE else "b"
                    terminate_time = (upd[f"{wb}time"] + upd[f"{wb}inc"]) / 1000 + 60
                    game.ping(abort_time, terminate_time, disconnect_time)
                    prior_game = copy.deepcopy(game)
                elif u_type == "ping" and should_exit_game(board, game, prior_game, li, is_correspondence):
                    break
            except (HTTPError,
                    ReadTimeout,
                    RemoteDisconnected,
                    ChunkedEncodingError,
                    ConnectionError,
                    StopIteration,
                    MoveTimeout) as e:
                stopped = isinstance(e, StopIteration)
                is_ongoing = game.id in (ongoing_game["gameId"] for ongoing_game in li.get_ongoing_games())
                if stopped or (not move_attempted and not is_ongoing):
                    break
            finally:
                upd = {}

        try_print_pgn_game_record(li, config, game, board, engine)
    final_queue_entries(control_queue, correspondence_queue, game, is_correspondence)


def get_greeting(greeting: str, greeting_cfg: Configuration, keyword_map: DefaultDict[str, str]) -> str:
    """Get the greeting to send to the chat."""
    greeting_text: str = greeting_cfg.lookup(greeting)
    return greeting_text.format_map(keyword_map)


def say_hello(conversation: Conversation, hello: str, hello_spectators: str, board: chess.Board) -> None:
    """Send the greetings to the chat rooms."""
    if len(board.move_stack) < 2:
        conversation.send_message("player", hello)
        conversation.send_message("spectator", hello_spectators)


def fake_thinking(config: Configuration, board: chess.Board, game: model.Game) -> None:
    """Wait some time before starting to search for a move."""
    if config.fake_think_time and len(board.move_stack) > 9:
        delay = min(game.clock_initial, game.my_remaining_seconds()) * 0.015
        accel = 1 - max(0, min(100, len(board.move_stack) - 20)) / 150
        sleep = min(5, delay * accel)
        time.sleep(sleep)


def print_move_number(board: chess.Board) -> None:
    """Log the move number."""
    logger.info("")
    logger.info(f"move: {len(board.move_stack) // 2 + 1}")


def next_update(lines: Iterator[bytes]) -> GAME_EVENT_TYPE:
    """Get the next game state."""
    binary_chunk = next(lines)
    upd: GAME_EVENT_TYPE = json.loads(binary_chunk.decode("utf-8")) if binary_chunk else {}
    if upd:
        logger.debug(f"Game state: {upd}")
    return upd


def setup_board(game: model.Game) -> chess.Board:
    """Set up the board."""
    if game.variant_name.lower() == "chess960":
        board = chess.Board(game.initial_fen, chess960=True)
    elif game.variant_name == "From Position":
        board = chess.Board(game.initial_fen)
    else:
        VariantBoard = find_variant(game.variant_name)
        board = VariantBoard()

    for move in game.state["moves"].split():
        try:
            board.push_uci(move)
        except ValueError:
            logger.exception(f"Ignoring illegal move {move} on board {board.fen()}")

    return board


def is_engine_move(game: model.Game, prior_game: Optional[model.Game], board: chess.Board) -> bool:
    """Check whether it is the engine's turn."""
    return game_changed(game, prior_game) and game.is_white == (board.turn == chess.WHITE)


def is_game_over(game: model.Game) -> bool:
    """Check whether the game is over."""
    status: str = game.state["status"]
    return status != "started"


def should_exit_game(board: chess.Board, game: model.Game, prior_game: Optional[model.Game], li: lichess.Lichess,
                     is_correspondence: bool) -> bool:
    """Whether we should exit a game."""
    if (is_correspondence
            and not is_engine_move(game, prior_game, board)
            and game.should_disconnect_now()):
        return True
    elif game.should_abort_now():
        logger.info(f"Aborting {game.url()} by lack of activity")
        li.abort(game.id)
        return True
    elif game.should_terminate_now():
        logger.info(f"Terminating {game.url()} by lack of activity")
        if game.is_abortable():
            li.abort(game.id)
        return True
    else:
        return False


def final_queue_entries(control_queue: CONTROL_QUEUE_TYPE, correspondence_queue: CORRESPONDENCE_QUEUE_TYPE,
                        game: model.Game, is_correspondence: bool) -> None:
    """
    Log the game that ended or we disconnected from, and sends a `local_game_done` for the game.

     If this is an unfinished correspondence game, put it in a queue to resume later.
    """
    if is_correspondence and not is_game_over(game):
        logger.info(f"--- Disconnecting from {game.url()}")
        correspondence_queue.put_nowait(game.id)  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
    else:
        logger.info(f"--- {game.url()} Game over")

    control_queue.put_nowait({"type": "local_game_done", "game": {"id": game.id}})  # type: ignore[attr-defined]


def game_changed(current_game: model.Game, prior_game: Optional[model.Game]) -> bool:
    """Check whether the current game state is different from the previous game state."""
    if prior_game is None:
        return True

    current_game_moves_str: str = current_game.state["moves"]
    prior_game_moves_str: str = prior_game.state["moves"]
    return current_game_moves_str != prior_game_moves_str


def tell_user_game_result(game: model.Game, board: chess.Board) -> None:
    """Log the game result."""
    winner = game.state.get("winner")
    termination = game.state.get("status")

    winning_name = game.white.name if winner == "white" else game.black.name
    losing_name = game.white.name if winner == "black" else game.black.name

    if winner is not None:
        logger.info(f"{winning_name} won!")
    elif termination in [model.Termination.DRAW, model.Termination.TIMEOUT]:
        logger.info("Game ended in a draw.")
    else:
        logger.info("Game adjourned.")

    simple_endings = {model.Termination.MATE: "Game won by checkmate.",
                      model.Termination.RESIGN: f"{losing_name} resigned.",
                      model.Termination.ABORT: "Game aborted."}

    if termination in simple_endings:
        logger.info(simple_endings[termination])
    elif termination == model.Termination.DRAW:
        draw_results = [(board.is_fifty_moves(), "Game drawn by 50-move rule."),
                        (board.is_repetition(), "Game drawn by threefold repetition."),
                        (board.is_insufficient_material(), "Game drawn from insufficient material."),
                        (board.is_stalemate(), "Game drawn by stalemate."),
                        (True, "Game drawn by agreement.")]
        messages = [draw_message for is_result, draw_message in draw_results if is_result]
        logger.info(messages[0])
    elif termination == model.Termination.TIMEOUT:
        if winner:
            logger.info(f"{losing_name} forfeited on time.")
        else:
            timeout_name = game.white.name if game.state.get("wtime") == 0 else game.black.name
            other_name = game.white.name if timeout_name == game.black.name else game.black.name
            logger.info(f"{timeout_name} ran out of time, but {other_name} did not have enough material to mate.")
    elif termination:
        logger.info(f"Game ended by {termination}")


def try_print_pgn_game_record(li: lichess.Lichess, config: Configuration, game: model.Game, board: chess.Board,
                              engine: engine_wrapper.EngineWrapper) -> None:
    """
    Call `print_pgn_game_record` to write the game to a PGN file and handle errors raised by it.

    :param li: Provides communication with lichess.org.
    :param config: The config that the bot will use.
    :param game: Contains information about the game (e.g. the players' names).
    :param board: The board. Contains the moves.
    :param engine: The engine. Contains information about the moves (e.g. eval, PV, depth).
    """
    if board is None:
        return

    try:
        print_pgn_game_record(li, config, game, board, engine)
    except Exception:
        logger.exception("Error writing game record:")


def print_pgn_game_record(li: lichess.Lichess, config: Configuration, game: model.Game, board: chess.Board,
                          engine: engine_wrapper.EngineWrapper) -> None:
    """
    Write the game to a PGN file.

    :param li: Provides communication with lichess.org.
    :param config: The config that the bot will use.
    :param game: Contains information about the game (e.g. the players' names).
    :param board: The board. Contains the moves.
    :param engine: The engine. Contains information about the moves (e.g. eval, PV, depth).
    """
    if not config.pgn_directory:
        return

    try:
        os.mkdir(config.pgn_directory)
    except FileExistsError:
        pass

    game_file_name = f"{game.white.name} vs {game.black.name} - {game.id}.pgn"
    game_file_name = "".join(c for c in game_file_name if c not in '<>:"/\\|?*')
    game_path = os.path.join(config.pgn_directory, game_file_name)

    lichess_game_record = chess.pgn.read_game(io.StringIO(li.get_game_pgn(game.id))) or chess.pgn.Game()
    try:
        # Recall previously written PGN file to retain engine evaluations.
        with open(game_path) as game_data:
            game_record = chess.pgn.read_game(game_data) or lichess_game_record
        game_record.headers.update(lichess_game_record.headers)
    except FileNotFoundError:
        game_record = lichess_game_record

    fill_missing_pgn_headers(game_record, game)

    current_node: Union[chess.pgn.Game, chess.pgn.ChildNode] = game_record.game()
    lichess_node: Union[chess.pgn.Game, chess.pgn.ChildNode] = lichess_game_record.game()
    for index, move in enumerate(board.move_stack):
        next_node = current_node.next()
        if next_node is None or next_node.move != move:
            current_node = current_node.add_main_variation(move)
        else:
            current_node = next_node

        next_lichess_node = lichess_node.next()
        if next_lichess_node:
            lichess_node = next_lichess_node
            current_node.set_clock(lichess_node.clock())
            if current_node.comment != lichess_node.comment:
                current_node.comment = f"{current_node.comment} {lichess_node.comment}".strip()

        commentary = engine.comment_for_board_index(index)
        pv_node = current_node.parent.add_line(commentary["pv"]) if "pv" in commentary else current_node
        pv_node.set_eval(commentary.get("score"), commentary.get("depth"))

    with open(game_path, "w") as game_record_destination:
        pgn_writer = chess.pgn.FileExporter(game_record_destination)
        game_record.accept(pgn_writer)


def fill_missing_pgn_headers(game_record: chess.pgn.Game, game: model.Game) -> None:
    """
    Fill in any missing headers in the PGN record provided by lichess.org with information from `game`.

    :param game_record: A `chess.pgn.Game` object containing information about the game lichess.org's PGN file.
    :param game: Contains information about the game (e.g. the players' names), which is used to get the local headers.
    """
    local_headers = get_headers(game)
    for header, game_value in local_headers.items():
        record_value = game_record.headers.get(header)
        if not record_value or record_value.startswith("?") or (header == "Result" and record_value == "*"):
            game_record.headers[header] = str(game_value)


def get_headers(game: model.Game) -> Dict[str, Union[str, int]]:
    """
    Create local headers to be written in the PGN file.

    :param game: Contains information about the game (e.g. the players' names).
    :return: The headers in a dict.
    """
    headers: Dict[str, Union[str, int]] = {}
    headers["Event"] = game.pgn_event()
    headers["Site"] = game.short_url()
    headers["Date"] = game.game_start.strftime("%Y.%m.%d")
    headers["White"] = game.white.name or str(game.white)
    headers["Black"] = game.black.name or str(game.black)
    headers["Result"] = game.result()

    if game.black.rating:
        headers["BlackElo"] = game.black.rating
    if game.black.title:
        headers["BlackTitle"] = game.black.title

    if game.perf_name != "correspondence":
        headers["TimeControl"] = game.time_control()

    headers["UTCDate"] = headers["Date"]
    headers["UTCTime"] = game.game_start.strftime("%H:%M:%S")
    if game.variant_name not in ["Standard", "From Position"]:
        headers["Variant"] = game.variant_name

    if game.white.rating:
        headers["WhiteElo"] = game.white.rating
    if game.white.title:
        headers["WhiteTitle"] = game.white.title

    return headers


def intro() -> str:
    """Return the intro string."""
    return fr"""
    .   _/|
    .  // o\
    .  || ._)  lichess-bot {__version__}
    .  //__\
    .  )___(   Play on Lichess with a bot
    """


def start_lichess_bot() -> None:
    """Parse arguments passed to lichess-bot.py and starts lichess-bot."""
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Play on Lichess with a bot")
    parser.add_argument("-u", action="store_true", help="Upgrade your account to a bot account.")
    parser.add_argument("-v", action="store_true", help="Make output more verbose. Include all communication with lichess.")
    parser.add_argument("--config", help="Specify a configuration file (defaults to ./config.yml).")
    parser.add_argument("-l", "--logfile", help="Record all console output to a log file.", default=None)
    args = parser.parse_args()

    logging_level = logging.DEBUG if args.v else logging.INFO
    logging_configurer(logging_level, args.logfile)
    logger.info(intro(), extra={"highlighter": None})
    CONFIG = load_config(args.config or "./config.yml")
    max_retries = CONFIG.engine.online_moves.max_retries
    check_python_version()
    li = lichess.Lichess(CONFIG.token, CONFIG.url, __version__, logging_level, max_retries)

    user_profile = li.get_profile()
    username = user_profile["username"]
    is_bot = user_profile.get("title") == "BOT"
    logger.info(f"Welcome {username}!")

    if args.u and not is_bot:
        is_bot = upgrade_account(li)

    if is_bot:
        start(li, user_profile, CONFIG, logging_level, args.logfile)
    else:
        logger.error(f"{username} is not a bot account. Please upgrade it to a bot account!")


def check_python_version() -> None:
    """Raise a warning or an exception if the version isn't supported or is deprecated."""
    def version_numeric(version_str: str) -> List[int]:
        return [int(n) for n in version_str.split(".")]

    python_deprecated_version = version_numeric(versioning_info["deprecated_python_version"])
    python_good_version = version_numeric(versioning_info["minimum_python_version"])
    version_change_date = versioning_info["deprecation_date"]
    this_python_version = list(sys.version_info[0:2])

    def version_str(version: List[int]) -> str:
        return f"Python {'.'.join(str(n) for n in version)}"

    upgrade_request = (f"You are currently running {version_str(this_python_version)}. "
                       f"Please upgrade to {version_str(python_good_version)} or newer")
    out_of_date_error = RuntimeError("A newer version of Python is required "
                                     f"to run this version of lichess-bot. {upgrade_request}.")
    out_of_date_warning = ("A newer version of Python will be required "
                           f"on {version_change_date} to run lichess-bot. {upgrade_request} before then.")

    this_lichess_bot_version = version_numeric(__version__)
    lichess_bot_breaking_version = list(version_change_date.timetuple()[0:3])

    if this_python_version < python_deprecated_version:
        raise out_of_date_error

    if this_python_version == python_deprecated_version:
        if this_lichess_bot_version < lichess_bot_breaking_version:
            logger.warning(out_of_date_warning)
        else:
            raise out_of_date_error


if __name__ == "__main__":
    multiprocessing.set_start_method('spawn')
    try:
        while restart:
            restart = False
            start_lichess_bot()
            time.sleep(10 if restart else 0)
    except Exception:
        logger.exception("Quitting lichess-bot due to an error:")