diff --git a/packages/renderer-core/src/main.ts b/packages/renderer-core/src/createRenderer.ts
similarity index 98%
rename from packages/renderer-core/src/main.ts
rename to packages/renderer-core/src/createRenderer.ts
index fcc0f7f2c..18d344f6f 100644
--- a/packages/renderer-core/src/main.ts
+++ b/packages/renderer-core/src/createRenderer.ts
@@ -83,6 +83,7 @@ export function createRenderer<RenderObject = IRenderObject>(
       },
       destroy: () => {
         lifeCycleService.setPhase(LifecyclePhase.Destroying);
+        instantiationService.dispose();
       },
     };
 
diff --git a/packages/renderer-core/src/index.ts b/packages/renderer-core/src/index.ts
index 1d37db614..58b9135c4 100644
--- a/packages/renderer-core/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/renderer-core/src/index.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /* --------------- api -------------------- */
-export { createRenderer } from './main';
+export { createRenderer } from './createRenderer';
 export { IExtensionHostService } from './services/extension';
 export { definePackageLoader, IPackageManagementService } from './services/package';
 export { LifecyclePhase, ILifeCycleService } from './services/lifeCycleService';
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ export { IRuntimeIntlService } from './services/runtimeIntlService';
 export { IRuntimeUtilService } from './services/runtimeUtilService';
 export { ISchemaService } from './services/schema';
 export { Widget } from './widget';
-export * from './utils/value';
 
 /* --------------- types ---------------- */
 export type * from './types';
diff --git a/packages/renderer-core/src/services/code-runtime/codeRuntime.ts b/packages/renderer-core/src/services/code-runtime/codeRuntime.ts
index 2584e81f7..12c75581b 100644
--- a/packages/renderer-core/src/services/code-runtime/codeRuntime.ts
+++ b/packages/renderer-core/src/services/code-runtime/codeRuntime.ts
@@ -1,31 +1,34 @@
 import {
   type StringDictionary,
   type JSNode,
-  type EventDisposable,
+  type IDisposable,
   type JSExpression,
   type JSFunction,
   specTypes,
+  isNode,
+  toDisposable,
+  Disposable,
 } from '@alilc/lowcode-shared';
 import { type ICodeScope, CodeScope } from './codeScope';
-import { isNode } from '../../../../shared/src/utils/node';
-import { mapValue } from '../../utils/value';
+import { mapValue } from './value';
 import { evaluate } from './evaluate';
 
 export interface CodeRuntimeOptions<T extends StringDictionary = StringDictionary> {
   initScopeValue?: Partial<T>;
+
   parentScope?: ICodeScope;
 
   evalCodeFunction?: EvalCodeFunction;
 }
 
-export interface ICodeRuntime<T extends StringDictionary = StringDictionary> {
+export interface ICodeRuntime<T extends StringDictionary = StringDictionary> extends IDisposable {
   getScope(): ICodeScope<T>;
 
   run<R = unknown>(code: string, scope?: ICodeScope): R | undefined;
 
   resolve(value: StringDictionary): any;
 
-  onResolve(handler: NodeResolverHandler): EventDisposable;
+  onResolve(handler: NodeResolverHandler): IDisposable;
 
   createChild<V extends StringDictionary = StringDictionary>(
     options: Omit<CodeRuntimeOptions<V>, 'parentScope'>,
@@ -34,49 +37,55 @@ export interface ICodeRuntime<T extends StringDictionary = StringDictionary> {
 
 export type NodeResolverHandler = (node: JSNode) => JSNode | false | undefined;
 
-let onResolveHandlers: NodeResolverHandler[] = [];
-
 export type EvalCodeFunction = (code: string, scope: any) => any;
 
-export class CodeRuntime<T extends StringDictionary = StringDictionary> implements ICodeRuntime<T> {
-  private codeScope: ICodeScope<T>;
+export class CodeRuntime<T extends StringDictionary = StringDictionary>
+  extends Disposable
+  implements ICodeRuntime<T>
+{
+  private _codeScope: ICodeScope<T>;
+
+  private _evalCodeFunction: EvalCodeFunction = evaluate;
 
-  private evalCodeFunction: EvalCodeFunction = evaluate;
+  private _resolveHandlers: NodeResolverHandler[] = [];
 
   constructor(options: CodeRuntimeOptions<T> = {}) {
-    if (options.evalCodeFunction) this.evalCodeFunction = options.evalCodeFunction;
+    super();
 
-    if (options.parentScope) {
-      this.codeScope = options.parentScope.createChild<T>(options.initScopeValue ?? {});
-    } else {
-      this.codeScope = new CodeScope(options.initScopeValue ?? {});
-    }
+    if (options.evalCodeFunction) this._evalCodeFunction = options.evalCodeFunction;
+    this._codeScope = this.addDispose(
+      options.parentScope
+        ? options.parentScope.createChild<T>(options.initScopeValue ?? {})
+        : new CodeScope(options.initScopeValue ?? {}),
+    );
   }
 
   getScope() {
-    return this.codeScope;
+    return this._codeScope;
   }
 
   run<R = unknown>(code: string): R | undefined {
+    this._throwIfDisposed(`this code runtime has been disposed`);
+
     if (!code) return undefined;
 
     try {
-      const result = this.evalCodeFunction(code, this.codeScope.value);
+      const result = this._evalCodeFunction(code, this._codeScope.value);
 
       return result as R;
     } catch (err) {
       // todo replace logger
-      console.error('eval error', code, this.codeScope.value, err);
+      console.error('eval error', code, this._codeScope.value, err);
       return undefined;
     }
   }
 
   resolve(data: StringDictionary): any {
-    if (onResolveHandlers.length > 0) {
+    if (this._resolveHandlers.length > 0) {
       data = mapValue(data, isNode, (node: JSNode) => {
         let newNode: JSNode | false | undefined = node;
 
-        for (const handler of onResolveHandlers) {
+        for (const handler of this._resolveHandlers) {
           newNode = handler(newNode as JSNode);
           if (newNode === false || typeof newNode === 'undefined') {
             break;
@@ -110,20 +119,25 @@ export class CodeRuntime<T extends StringDictionary = StringDictionary> implemen
   /**
    * 顺序执行 handler
    */
-  onResolve(handler: NodeResolverHandler): EventDisposable {
-    onResolveHandlers.push(handler);
-    return () => {
-      onResolveHandlers = onResolveHandlers.filter((h) => h !== handler);
-    };
+  onResolve(handler: NodeResolverHandler): IDisposable {
+    this._resolveHandlers.push(handler);
+
+    return this.addDispose(
+      toDisposable(() => {
+        this._resolveHandlers = this._resolveHandlers.filter((h) => h !== handler);
+      }),
+    );
   }
 
   createChild<V extends StringDictionary = StringDictionary>(
     options?: Omit<CodeRuntimeOptions<V>, 'parentScope'>,
   ): ICodeRuntime<V> {
-    return new CodeRuntime({
-      initScopeValue: options?.initScopeValue,
-      parentScope: this.codeScope,
-      evalCodeFunction: options?.evalCodeFunction ?? this.evalCodeFunction,
-    });
+    return this.addDispose(
+      new CodeRuntime({
+        initScopeValue: options?.initScopeValue,
+        parentScope: this._codeScope,
+        evalCodeFunction: options?.evalCodeFunction ?? this._evalCodeFunction,
+      }),
+    );
   }
 }
diff --git a/packages/renderer-core/src/services/code-runtime/codeRuntimeService.ts b/packages/renderer-core/src/services/code-runtime/codeRuntimeService.ts
index d405eacfa..d329638e8 100644
--- a/packages/renderer-core/src/services/code-runtime/codeRuntimeService.ts
+++ b/packages/renderer-core/src/services/code-runtime/codeRuntimeService.ts
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 import {
   createDecorator,
-  invariant,
   Disposable,
   type StringDictionary,
+  type IDisposable,
 } from '@alilc/lowcode-shared';
 import { type ICodeRuntime, type CodeRuntimeOptions, CodeRuntime } from './codeRuntime';
 import { ISchemaService } from '../schema';
 
-export interface ICodeRuntimeService {
+export interface ICodeRuntimeService extends IDisposable {
   readonly rootRuntime: ICodeRuntime;
 
   createCodeRuntime<T extends StringDictionary = StringDictionary>(
@@ -18,15 +18,18 @@ export interface ICodeRuntimeService {
 export const ICodeRuntimeService = createDecorator<ICodeRuntimeService>('codeRuntimeService');
 
 export class CodeRuntimeService extends Disposable implements ICodeRuntimeService {
-  rootRuntime: ICodeRuntime;
+  private _rootRuntime: ICodeRuntime;
+  get rootRuntime() {
+    return this._rootRuntime;
+  }
 
   constructor(
     options: CodeRuntimeOptions = {},
     @ISchemaService private schemaService: ISchemaService,
   ) {
     super();
-    this.rootRuntime = new CodeRuntime(options);
 
+    this._rootRuntime = this.addDispose(new CodeRuntime(options));
     this.addDispose(
       this.schemaService.onSchemaUpdate(({ key, data }) => {
         if (key === 'constants') {
@@ -39,10 +42,10 @@ export class CodeRuntimeService extends Disposable implements ICodeRuntimeServic
   createCodeRuntime<T extends StringDictionary = StringDictionary>(
     options: CodeRuntimeOptions<T> = {},
   ): ICodeRuntime<T> {
-    invariant(this.rootRuntime, `please initialize codeRuntimeService on renderer starting!`);
+    this._throwIfDisposed();
 
-    return options.parentScope
-      ? new CodeRuntime(options)
-      : this.rootRuntime.createChild<T>(options);
+    return this.addDispose(
+      options.parentScope ? new CodeRuntime(options) : this.rootRuntime.createChild<T>(options),
+    );
   }
 }
diff --git a/packages/renderer-core/src/services/code-runtime/codeScope.ts b/packages/renderer-core/src/services/code-runtime/codeScope.ts
index 393bc618d..86537ace9 100644
--- a/packages/renderer-core/src/services/code-runtime/codeScope.ts
+++ b/packages/renderer-core/src/services/code-runtime/codeScope.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,9 @@
-import { type StringDictionary, LinkedListNode } from '@alilc/lowcode-shared';
+import {
+  type StringDictionary,
+  Disposable,
+  type IDisposable,
+  LinkedListNode,
+} from '@alilc/lowcode-shared';
 import { trustedGlobals } from './globals-es2015';
 
 /*
@@ -9,33 +14,50 @@ const unscopables = trustedGlobals.reduce((acc, key) => ({ ...acc, [key]: true }
   __proto__: null,
 });
 
-export interface ICodeScope<T extends StringDictionary = StringDictionary> {
+export interface ICodeScope<T extends StringDictionary = StringDictionary> extends IDisposable {
   readonly value: T;
 
   set(name: keyof T, value: any): void;
+
   setValue(value: Partial<T>, replace?: boolean): void;
+
   createChild<V extends StringDictionary = StringDictionary>(initValue: Partial<V>): ICodeScope<V>;
+
+  dispose(): void;
 }
 
-export class CodeScope<T extends StringDictionary = StringDictionary> implements ICodeScope<T> {
+export class CodeScope<T extends StringDictionary = StringDictionary>
+  extends Disposable
+  implements ICodeScope<T>
+{
   node = LinkedListNode.Undefined;
 
-  private proxyValue: T;
+  private _proxyValue?: T;
 
   constructor(initValue: Partial<T>) {
+    super();
+
     this.node.current = initValue;
-    this.proxyValue = this.createProxy();
   }
 
   get value(): T {
-    return this.proxyValue;
+    this._throwIfDisposed('code scope has been disposed');
+
+    if (!this._proxyValue) {
+      this._proxyValue = this._createProxy();
+    }
+    return this._proxyValue;
   }
 
   set(name: keyof T, value: any): void {
+    this._throwIfDisposed('code scope has been disposed');
+
     this.node.current[name] = value;
   }
 
   setValue(value: Partial<T>, replace = false) {
+    this._throwIfDisposed('code scope has been disposed');
+
     if (replace) {
       this.node.current = { ...value };
     } else {
@@ -44,24 +66,30 @@ export class CodeScope<T extends StringDictionary = StringDictionary> implements
   }
 
   createChild<V extends StringDictionary = StringDictionary>(initValue: Partial<V>): ICodeScope<V> {
-    const childScope = new CodeScope(initValue);
+    const childScope = this.addDispose(new CodeScope(initValue));
     childScope.node.prev = this.node;
 
     return childScope;
   }
 
-  private createProxy(): T {
+  dispose(): void {
+    super.dispose();
+    this.node = LinkedListNode.Undefined;
+    this._proxyValue = undefined;
+  }
+
+  private _createProxy(): T {
     return new Proxy(Object.create(null) as T, {
       set: (target, p, newValue) => {
         this.set(p as string, newValue);
         return true;
       },
-      get: (_, p) => this.findValue(p) ?? undefined,
-      has: (_, p) => this.hasProperty(p),
+      get: (_, p) => this._findValue(p) ?? undefined,
+      has: (_, p) => this._hasProperty(p),
     });
   }
 
-  private findValue(prop: PropertyKey) {
+  private _findValue(prop: PropertyKey) {
     if (prop === Symbol.unscopables) return unscopables;
 
     let node = this.node;
@@ -73,7 +101,7 @@ export class CodeScope<T extends StringDictionary = StringDictionary> implements
     }
   }
 
-  private hasProperty(prop: PropertyKey): boolean {
+  private _hasProperty(prop: PropertyKey): boolean {
     if (prop in unscopables) return true;
 
     let node = this.node;
diff --git a/packages/renderer-core/src/services/code-runtime/index.ts b/packages/renderer-core/src/services/code-runtime/index.ts
index abebe49af..3527cd472 100644
--- a/packages/renderer-core/src/services/code-runtime/index.ts
+++ b/packages/renderer-core/src/services/code-runtime/index.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
 export * from './codeScope';
 export * from './codeRuntimeService';
 export * from './codeRuntime';
+export * from './value';
diff --git a/packages/renderer-core/src/utils/value.ts b/packages/renderer-core/src/services/code-runtime/value.ts
similarity index 100%
rename from packages/renderer-core/src/utils/value.ts
rename to packages/renderer-core/src/services/code-runtime/value.ts
diff --git a/packages/renderer-core/src/services/model/componentTreeModel.ts b/packages/renderer-core/src/services/model/componentTreeModel.ts
index fb4b8aa9c..89ff757b6 100644
--- a/packages/renderer-core/src/services/model/componentTreeModel.ts
+++ b/packages/renderer-core/src/services/model/componentTreeModel.ts
@@ -10,8 +10,9 @@ import {
   type InstanceDataSourceApi,
   type ComponentTree,
   specTypes,
-  invariant,
   uniqueId,
+  type IDisposable,
+  Disposable,
 } from '@alilc/lowcode-shared';
 import { type ICodeRuntime } from '../code-runtime';
 import { IWidget, Widget } from '../../widget';
@@ -60,7 +61,7 @@ export type ModelDataSourceCreator = (
   codeRuntime: ICodeRuntime<InstanceApi>,
 ) => InstanceDataSourceApi;
 
-export interface ComponentTreeModelOptions {
+export interface ComponentTreeModelOptions extends IDisposable {
   id?: string;
   metadata?: StringDictionary;
 
@@ -69,37 +70,53 @@ export interface ComponentTreeModelOptions {
 }
 
 export class ComponentTreeModel<Component, ComponentInstance = unknown>
+  extends Disposable
   implements IComponentTreeModel<Component, ComponentInstance>
 {
-  private instanceMap = new Map<string, ComponentInstance[]>();
+  private _instanceMap = new Map<string, ComponentInstance[]>();
 
-  public id: string;
+  private _id: string;
 
-  public widgets: IWidget<Component>[] = [];
+  private _widgets?: IWidget<Component>[];
 
-  public metadata: StringDictionary = {};
+  private _metadata: StringDictionary;
 
   constructor(
-    public componentsTree: ComponentTree,
-    public codeRuntime: ICodeRuntime<InstanceApi>,
+    private _componentsTree: ComponentTree,
+    private _codeRuntime: ICodeRuntime<InstanceApi>,
     options: ComponentTreeModelOptions,
   ) {
-    invariant(componentsTree, 'componentsTree must to provide', 'ComponentTreeModel');
+    super();
 
-    this.id = options?.id ?? `model_${uniqueId()}`;
-    if (options?.metadata) {
-      this.metadata = options.metadata;
-    }
+    this._id = options?.id ?? `model_${uniqueId()}`;
+    this._metadata = options?.metadata ?? {};
+    this.initialize(options);
+    this.addDispose(_codeRuntime);
+  }
 
-    if (componentsTree.children) {
-      this.widgets = this.buildWidgets(componentsTree.children);
-    }
+  get id() {
+    return this._id;
+  }
 
-    this.initialize(options);
+  get codeRuntime() {
+    return this._codeRuntime;
+  }
+
+  get metadata() {
+    return this._metadata;
+  }
+
+  get widgets() {
+    if (!this._componentsTree.children) return [];
+
+    if (!this._widgets) {
+      this._widgets = this.buildWidgets(this._componentsTree.children);
+    }
+    return this._widgets;
   }
 
   private initialize({ stateCreator, dataSourceCreator }: ComponentTreeModelOptions) {
-    const { state = {}, defaultProps, props = {}, dataSource, methods = {} } = this.componentsTree;
+    const { state = {}, defaultProps, props = {}, dataSource, methods = {} } = this._componentsTree;
     const codeScope = this.codeRuntime.getScope();
 
     const initalProps = this.codeRuntime.resolve(props);
@@ -119,12 +136,12 @@ export class ComponentTreeModel<Component, ComponentInstance = unknown>
       Object.assign(
         {
           $: (ref: string) => {
-            const insArr = this.instanceMap.get(ref);
+            const insArr = this._instanceMap.get(ref);
             if (!insArr) return undefined;
             return insArr[0];
           },
           $$: (ref: string) => {
-            return this.instanceMap.get(ref) ?? [];
+            return this._instanceMap.get(ref) ?? [];
           },
         },
         dataSourceApi,
@@ -140,19 +157,19 @@ export class ComponentTreeModel<Component, ComponentInstance = unknown>
   }
 
   getCssText(): string | undefined {
-    return this.componentsTree.css;
+    return this._componentsTree.css;
   }
 
   triggerLifeCycle(lifeCycleName: ComponentLifeCycle, ...args: any[]) {
     // keys 用来判断 lifeCycleName 存在于 schema 对象上，不获取原型链上的对象
     if (
-      !this.componentsTree.lifeCycles ||
-      !Object.keys(this.componentsTree.lifeCycles).includes(lifeCycleName)
+      !this._componentsTree.lifeCycles ||
+      !Object.keys(this._componentsTree.lifeCycles).includes(lifeCycleName)
     ) {
       return;
     }
 
-    const lifeCycleSchema = this.componentsTree.lifeCycles[lifeCycleName];
+    const lifeCycleSchema = this._componentsTree.lifeCycles[lifeCycleName];
 
     const lifeCycleFn = this.codeRuntime.resolve(lifeCycleSchema);
     if (typeof lifeCycleFn === 'function') {
@@ -161,22 +178,22 @@ export class ComponentTreeModel<Component, ComponentInstance = unknown>
   }
 
   setComponentRef(ref: string, ins: ComponentInstance) {
-    let insArr = this.instanceMap.get(ref);
+    let insArr = this._instanceMap.get(ref);
     if (!insArr) {
       insArr = [];
-      this.instanceMap.set(ref, insArr);
+      this._instanceMap.set(ref, insArr);
     }
     insArr!.push(ins);
   }
 
   removeComponentRef(ref: string, ins?: ComponentInstance) {
-    const insArr = this.instanceMap.get(ref);
+    const insArr = this._instanceMap.get(ref);
     if (insArr) {
       if (ins) {
         const idx = insArr.indexOf(ins);
         if (idx > 0) insArr.splice(idx, 1);
       } else {
-        this.instanceMap.delete(ref);
+        this._instanceMap.delete(ref);
       }
     }
   }
@@ -197,6 +214,11 @@ export class ComponentTreeModel<Component, ComponentInstance = unknown>
       }
     });
   }
+
+  dispose(): void {
+    super.dispose();
+    this._instanceMap.clear();
+  }
 }
 
 export function normalizeComponentNode(node: ComponentNode): NormalizedComponentNode {
diff --git a/packages/renderer-core/src/services/model/componentTreeModelService.ts b/packages/renderer-core/src/services/model/componentTreeModelService.ts
index 2401ea5d0..cd09a7898 100644
--- a/packages/renderer-core/src/services/model/componentTreeModelService.ts
+++ b/packages/renderer-core/src/services/model/componentTreeModelService.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 import {
   createDecorator,
+  type IDisposable,
+  Disposable,
   invariant,
   type ComponentTree,
   type StringDictionary,
@@ -16,7 +18,7 @@ export interface CreateComponentTreeModelOptions extends ComponentTreeModelOptio
   codeScopeValue?: StringDictionary;
 }
 
-export interface IComponentTreeModelService {
+export interface IComponentTreeModelService extends IDisposable {
   create<Component>(
     componentsTree: ComponentTree,
     options?: CreateComponentTreeModelOptions,
@@ -32,23 +34,28 @@ export const IComponentTreeModelService = createDecorator<IComponentTreeModelSer
   'componentTreeModelService',
 );
 
-export class ComponentTreeModelService implements IComponentTreeModelService {
+export class ComponentTreeModelService extends Disposable implements IComponentTreeModelService {
   constructor(
     @ISchemaService private schemaService: ISchemaService,
     @ICodeRuntimeService private codeRuntimeService: ICodeRuntimeService,
-  ) {}
+  ) {
+    super();
+  }
 
   create<Component>(
     componentsTree: ComponentTree,
     options: CreateComponentTreeModelOptions,
   ): IComponentTreeModel<Component> {
-    return new ComponentTreeModel(
-      componentsTree,
-      // @ts-expect-error: preset scope value
-      this.codeRuntimeService.createCodeRuntime({
-        initScopeValue: options?.codeScopeValue,
-      }),
-      options,
+    this._throwIfDisposed(`ComponentTreeModelService has been disposed.`);
+
+    return this.addDispose(
+      new ComponentTreeModel(
+        componentsTree,
+        this.codeRuntimeService.createCodeRuntime({
+          initScopeValue: options?.codeScopeValue as any,
+        }),
+        options,
+      ),
     );
   }
 
@@ -56,18 +63,11 @@ export class ComponentTreeModelService implements IComponentTreeModelService {
     id: string,
     options: CreateComponentTreeModelOptions,
   ): IComponentTreeModel<Component> {
-    const componentsTrees = this.schemaService.get('componentsTree');
+    const componentsTrees = this.schemaService.get<ComponentTree[]>('componentsTree', []);
     const componentsTree = componentsTrees.find((item) => item.id === id);
 
     invariant(componentsTree, 'componentsTree not found');
 
-    return new ComponentTreeModel(
-      componentsTree,
-      // @ts-expect-error: preset scope value
-      this.codeRuntimeService.createCodeRuntime({
-        initScopeValue: options?.codeScopeValue,
-      }),
-      options,
-    );
+    return this.create(componentsTree, options);
   }
 }
diff --git a/packages/renderer-core/src/services/runtimeIntlService.ts b/packages/renderer-core/src/services/runtimeIntlService.ts
index 551c89bc0..205a45e9f 100644
--- a/packages/renderer-core/src/services/runtimeIntlService.ts
+++ b/packages/renderer-core/src/services/runtimeIntlService.ts
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import {
   type Locale,
   type Translations,
   type LocaleTranslationsMap,
+  Disposable,
 } from '@alilc/lowcode-shared';
 import { ICodeRuntimeService } from './code-runtime';
 
@@ -26,27 +27,25 @@ export interface IRuntimeIntlService {
 
 export const IRuntimeIntlService = createDecorator<IRuntimeIntlService>('IRuntimeIntlService');
 
-export class RuntimeIntlService implements IRuntimeIntlService {
-  private intl: Intl = new Intl();
+export class RuntimeIntlService extends Disposable implements IRuntimeIntlService {
+  private _intl: Intl;
 
   constructor(
     defaultLocale: string | undefined,
     i18nTranslations: LocaleTranslationsMap,
     @ICodeRuntimeService private codeRuntimeService: ICodeRuntimeService,
   ) {
-    if (defaultLocale) this.setLocale(defaultLocale);
+    super();
 
+    this._intl = this.addDispose(new Intl(defaultLocale));
     for (const key of Object.keys(i18nTranslations)) {
-      this.addTranslations(key, i18nTranslations[key]);
+      this._intl.addTranslations(key, i18nTranslations[key]);
     }
-
     this._injectScope();
   }
 
   localize(descriptor: MessageDescriptor): string {
-    const formatter = this.intl.getFormatter();
-
-    return formatter.$t(
+    return this._intl.getFormatter().$t(
       {
         id: descriptor.key,
         defaultMessage: descriptor.fallback,
@@ -56,15 +55,15 @@ export class RuntimeIntlService implements IRuntimeIntlService {
   }
 
   setLocale(locale: string): void {
-    this.intl.setLocale(locale);
+    this._intl.setLocale(locale);
   }
 
   getLocale(): string {
-    return this.intl.getLocale();
+    return this._intl.getLocale();
   }
 
   addTranslations(locale: Locale, translations: Translations) {
-    this.intl.addTranslations(locale, translations);
+    this._intl.addTranslations(locale, translations);
   }
 
   private _injectScope(): void {
diff --git a/packages/renderer-core/src/services/runtimeUtilService.ts b/packages/renderer-core/src/services/runtimeUtilService.ts
index 73e36bcf0..9d8d2c88c 100644
--- a/packages/renderer-core/src/services/runtimeUtilService.ts
+++ b/packages/renderer-core/src/services/runtimeUtilService.ts
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ export interface IRuntimeUtilService {
 export const IRuntimeUtilService = createDecorator<IRuntimeUtilService>('rendererUtilService');
 
 export class RuntimeUtilService implements IRuntimeUtilService {
-  private utilsMap: Map<string, any> = new Map();
+  private _utilsMap: Map<string, any> = new Map();
 
   constructor(
     utils: UtilDescription[] = [],
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ export class RuntimeUtilService implements IRuntimeUtilService {
     for (const util of utils) {
       this.add(util);
     }
-    this.injectScope();
+    this._injectScope();
   }
 
   add(utilItem: UtilDescription, force?: boolean): void;
@@ -54,39 +54,39 @@ export class RuntimeUtilService implements IRuntimeUtilService {
       force = fn as boolean;
     }
 
-    this.addUtilByName(name, utilObj, force);
+    this._addUtilByName(name, utilObj, force);
   }
 
-  private addUtilByName(
+  private _addUtilByName(
     name: string,
     fn: AnyFunction | StringDictionary | UtilDescription,
     force?: boolean,
   ): void {
-    if (this.utilsMap.has(name) && !force) return;
+    if (this._utilsMap.has(name) && !force) return;
 
     if (isPlainObject(fn)) {
       if ((fn as UtilDescription).type === 'function' || (fn as UtilDescription).type === 'npm') {
-        const utilFn = this.parseUtil(fn as UtilDescription);
+        const utilFn = this._parseUtil(fn as UtilDescription);
         if (utilFn) {
-          this.addUtilByName(name, utilFn, force);
+          this._addUtilByName(name, utilFn, force);
         }
       } else if ((fn as StringDictionary).destructuring) {
         for (const key of Object.keys(fn)) {
-          this.addUtilByName(key, (fn as StringDictionary)[key], force);
+          this._addUtilByName(key, (fn as StringDictionary)[key], force);
         }
       } else {
-        this.utilsMap.set(name, fn);
+        this._utilsMap.set(name, fn);
       }
     } else if (typeof fn === 'function') {
-      this.utilsMap.set(name, fn);
+      this._utilsMap.set(name, fn);
     }
   }
 
   remove(name: string): void {
-    this.utilsMap.delete(name);
+    this._utilsMap.delete(name);
   }
 
-  private parseUtil(utilItem: UtilDescription) {
+  private _parseUtil(utilItem: UtilDescription) {
     if (utilItem.type === 'function') {
       return this.codeRuntimeService.rootRuntime.run(utilItem.content.value);
     } else {
@@ -94,16 +94,16 @@ export class RuntimeUtilService implements IRuntimeUtilService {
     }
   }
 
-  private injectScope(): void {
+  private _injectScope(): void {
     const exposed = new Proxy(Object.create(null), {
       get: (_, p: string) => {
-        return this.utilsMap.get(p);
+        return this._utilsMap.get(p);
       },
       set() {
         return false;
       },
       has: (_, p: string) => {
-        return this.utilsMap.has(p);
+        return this._utilsMap.has(p);
       },
     });
 
diff --git a/packages/renderer-core/src/services/schema/schemaService.ts b/packages/renderer-core/src/services/schema/schemaService.ts
index 6f4ba0daa..b736ea989 100644
--- a/packages/renderer-core/src/services/schema/schemaService.ts
+++ b/packages/renderer-core/src/services/schema/schemaService.ts
@@ -22,9 +22,9 @@ export const ISchemaService = createDecorator<ISchemaService>('schemaService');
 export class SchemaService extends Disposable implements ISchemaService {
   private store: NormalizedSchema;
 
-  private _observer = this.addDispose(new Events.Observable<SchemaUpdateEvent>());
+  private _observer = this.addDispose(new Events.Emitter<SchemaUpdateEvent>());
 
-  readonly onSchemaUpdate = this._observer.subscribe;
+  readonly onSchemaUpdate = this._observer.event;
 
   constructor(schema: unknown) {
     super();
diff --git a/packages/renderer-core/src/widget/widget.ts b/packages/renderer-core/src/widget/widget.ts
index 3f64251f5..fc897929e 100644
--- a/packages/renderer-core/src/widget/widget.ts
+++ b/packages/renderer-core/src/widget/widget.ts
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ export interface IWidget<Component, ComponentInstance = unknown> {
 
   readonly rawNode: NodeType;
 
-  model: IComponentTreeModel<Component, ComponentInstance>;
+  readonly model: IComponentTreeModel<Component, ComponentInstance>;
 
   children?: IWidget<Component, ComponentInstance>[];
 }
@@ -14,17 +14,26 @@ export interface IWidget<Component, ComponentInstance = unknown> {
 export class Widget<Component, ComponentInstance = unknown>
   implements IWidget<Component, ComponentInstance>
 {
-  public rawNode: NodeType;
+  private _key: string;
 
-  public key: string;
-
-  public children?: IWidget<Component, ComponentInstance>[] | undefined;
+  children?: IWidget<Component, ComponentInstance>[] | undefined;
 
   constructor(
-    node: NodeType,
-    public model: IComponentTreeModel<Component, ComponentInstance>,
+    private _node: NodeType,
+    private _model: IComponentTreeModel<Component, ComponentInstance>,
   ) {
-    this.rawNode = node;
-    this.key = (node as ComponentNode)?.id ?? uniqueId();
+    this._key = (_node as ComponentNode)?.id ?? uniqueId();
+  }
+
+  get rawNode(): NodeType {
+    return this._node;
+  }
+
+  get key(): string {
+    return this._key;
+  }
+
+  get model(): IComponentTreeModel<Component, ComponentInstance> {
+    return this._model;
   }
 }
diff --git a/packages/shared/src/common/disposable.ts b/packages/shared/src/common/disposable.ts
index 88e71fca1..ae62db7a8 100644
--- a/packages/shared/src/common/disposable.ts
+++ b/packages/shared/src/common/disposable.ts
@@ -32,6 +32,14 @@ export abstract class Disposable implements IDisposable {
 
   private readonly _store = new DisposableStore();
 
+  protected _isDisposed = false;
+
+  protected _throwIfDisposed(msg: string = 'this disposable has been disposed'): void {
+    if (this._isDisposed) {
+      throw new Error(msg);
+    }
+  }
+
   dispose(): void {
     this._store.dispose();
   }
@@ -40,6 +48,7 @@ export abstract class Disposable implements IDisposable {
    * Adds `o` to the collection of disposables managed by this object.
    */
   protected addDispose<T extends IDisposable>(o: T): T {
+    this._throwIfDisposed();
     if ((o as unknown as Disposable) === this) {
       throw new Error('Cannot register a disposable on itself!');
     }
diff --git a/packages/shared/src/common/event.ts b/packages/shared/src/common/event.ts
index 1e8c58324..79cbc69aa 100644
--- a/packages/shared/src/common/event.ts
+++ b/packages/shared/src/common/event.ts
@@ -1,18 +1,35 @@
-import { Disposable, IDisposable, toDisposable } from './disposable';
+import { AnyFunction } from '../types';
+import { combinedDisposable, Disposable, IDisposable, toDisposable } from './disposable';
 
-export type Event<T> = (listener: (arg: T, thisArg?: any) => any) => IDisposable;
+export type Event<T, R = any> = (listener: (arg: T) => R, thisArg?: any) => IDisposable;
 
-export class Observable<T> {
+export interface EmitterOptions {
+  /**
+   * Optional function that's called *before* the very first listener is added
+   */
+  onWillAddFirstListener: AnyFunction;
+  /**
+   * Optional function that's called *after* remove the very last listener
+   */
+  onDidRemoveLastListener: AnyFunction;
+}
+
+export class Emitter<T, R = any> {
   private _isDisposed = false;
 
-  private _event?: Event<T>;
+  private _event?: Event<T, R>;
   private _listeners?: Set<(arg: T) => void>;
 
+  constructor(private _options?: EmitterOptions) {}
+
   dispose(): void {
     if (this._isDisposed) return;
 
-    this._listeners?.clear();
-    this._listeners = undefined;
+    if (this._listeners?.size !== 0) {
+      this._listeners?.clear();
+      this._listeners = undefined;
+      this._options?.onDidRemoveLastListener();
+    }
     this._event = undefined;
     this._isDisposed = true;
   }
@@ -24,9 +41,9 @@ export class Observable<T> {
   }
 
   /**
-   * For the public to allow to subscribe to events from this Observable
+   * For the public to allow to subscribe to events from this Emitter
    */
-  get subscribe(): Event<T> {
+  get event(): Event<T, R> {
     if (!this._event) {
       this._event = (listener: (arg: T) => void, thisArg?: any) => {
         if (this._isDisposed) {
@@ -37,7 +54,10 @@ export class Observable<T> {
           listener = listener.bind(thisArg);
         }
 
-        if (!this._listeners) this._listeners = new Set();
+        if (!this._listeners) {
+          this._listeners = new Set();
+          this._options?.onWillAddFirstListener();
+        }
         this._listeners.add(listener);
 
         return toDisposable(() => {
@@ -54,6 +74,143 @@ export class Observable<T> {
 
     if (this._listeners?.has(listener)) {
       this._listeners.delete(listener);
+
+      if (this._listeners.size === 0) {
+        this._listeners = undefined;
+        this._options?.onDidRemoveLastListener?.(this);
+      }
     }
   }
 }
+
+function snapshot<T>(event: Event<T>): Event<T> {
+  let listener: IDisposable | undefined;
+
+  const options: EmitterOptions | undefined = {
+    onWillAddFirstListener() {
+      listener = event(emitter.notify, emitter);
+    },
+    onDidRemoveLastListener() {
+      listener?.dispose();
+    },
+  };
+
+  const emitter = new Emitter<T>(options);
+
+  return emitter.event;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Given an event, returns another event which only fires once.
+ *
+ * @param event The event source for the new event.
+ */
+export function once<T>(event: Event<T>): Event<T> {
+  return (listener, thisArgs = null) => {
+    // we need this, in case the event fires during the listener call
+    let didFire = false;
+    let result: IDisposable | undefined = undefined;
+    result = event((e) => {
+      if (didFire) {
+        return;
+      } else if (result) {
+        result.dispose();
+      } else {
+        didFire = true;
+      }
+
+      return listener.call(thisArgs, e);
+    }, null);
+
+    if (didFire) {
+      result.dispose();
+    }
+
+    return result;
+  };
+}
+
+export function forEach<I>(event: Event<I>, each: (i: I) => void): Event<I> {
+  return snapshot((listener, thisArgs = null) =>
+    event((i) => {
+      each(i);
+      listener.call(thisArgs, i);
+    }, null),
+  );
+}
+
+/**
+ * Maps an event of one type into an event of another type using a mapping function, similar to how
+ * `Array.prototype.map` works.
+ *
+ * @param event The event source for the new event.
+ * @param map The mapping function.
+ */
+export function map<I, O>(event: Event<I>, map: (i: I) => O): Event<O> {
+  return snapshot((listener, thisArgs = null) =>
+    event((i) => listener.call(thisArgs, map(i)), null),
+  );
+}
+
+export function reduce<I, O>(
+  event: Event<I>,
+  merge: (last: O | undefined, event: I) => O,
+  initial?: O,
+): Event<O> {
+  let output: O | undefined = initial;
+
+  return map<I, O>(event, (e) => {
+    output = merge(output, e);
+    return output;
+  });
+}
+
+export function filter<T, U>(event: Event<T | U>, filter: (e: T | U) => e is T): Event<T>;
+export function filter<T>(event: Event<T>, filter: (e: T) => boolean): Event<T>;
+export function filter<T, R>(event: Event<T | R>, filter: (e: T | R) => e is R): Event<R>;
+export function filter<T>(event: Event<T>, filter: (e: T) => boolean): Event<T> {
+  return snapshot((listener, thisArgs = null) =>
+    event((e) => filter(e) && listener.call(thisArgs, e), null),
+  );
+}
+
+/**
+ * Given a collection of events, returns a single event which emits whenever any of the provided events emit.
+ */
+export function any<T>(...events: Event<T>[]): Event<T>;
+export function any(...events: Event<any>[]): Event<void>;
+export function any<T>(...events: Event<T>[]): Event<T> {
+  return (listener, thisArgs = null) => {
+    return combinedDisposable(...events.map((event) => event((e) => listener.call(thisArgs, e))));
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * Creates a promise out of an event, using the {@link Event.once} helper.
+ */
+export function toPromise<T>(event: Event<T>): Promise<T> {
+  return new Promise((resolve) => once(event)(resolve));
+}
+
+/**
+ * Creates an event out of a promise that fires once when the promise is
+ * resolved with the result of the promise or `undefined`.
+ */
+export function fromPromise<T>(promise: Promise<T>): Event<T | undefined> {
+  const result = new Emitter<T | undefined>();
+
+  promise
+    .then(
+      (res) => {
+        result.notify(res);
+      },
+      () => {
+        result.notify(undefined);
+      },
+    )
+    .finally(() => {
+      result.dispose();
+    });
+
+  return result.event;
+}
diff --git a/packages/shared/src/common/intl.ts b/packages/shared/src/common/intl.ts
index 31ef55aa3..d9f034cd4 100644
--- a/packages/shared/src/common/intl.ts
+++ b/packages/shared/src/common/intl.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { createIntl, createIntlCache, type IntlShape as IntlFormatter } from '@f
 import { mapKeys } from 'lodash-es';
 import { signal, computed, effect, type Signal, type ComputedSignal } from './signals';
 import { platformLocale } from './platform';
+import { Disposable, toDisposable } from './disposable';
 
 export { IntlFormatter };
 
@@ -9,59 +10,65 @@ export type Locale = string;
 export type Translations = Record<string, string>;
 export type LocaleTranslationsRecord = Record<Locale, Translations>;
 
-export class Intl {
-  private locale: Signal<Locale>;
-  private messageStore: Signal<LocaleTranslationsRecord>;
-  private currentMessage: ComputedSignal<Translations>;
-  private intlShape: IntlFormatter;
+export class Intl extends Disposable {
+  private _locale: Signal<Locale>;
+  private _messageStore: Signal<LocaleTranslationsRecord>;
+  private _currentMessage: ComputedSignal<Translations>;
+  private _intlShape: IntlFormatter;
 
   constructor(defaultLocale: string = platformLocale, messages: LocaleTranslationsRecord = {}) {
-    if (defaultLocale) {
-      defaultLocale = nomarlizeLocale(defaultLocale);
-    } else {
-      defaultLocale = 'zh-CN';
-    }
-
-    const messageStore = mapKeys(messages, (_, key) => {
-      return nomarlizeLocale(key);
+    super();
+
+    this._locale = signal(defaultLocale ? nomarlizeLocale(defaultLocale) : 'zh-CN');
+    this._messageStore = signal(
+      mapKeys(messages, (_, key) => {
+        return nomarlizeLocale(key);
+      }),
+    );
+    this._currentMessage = computed(() => {
+      return this._messageStore.value[this._locale.value] ?? {};
     });
 
-    this.locale = signal(defaultLocale);
-    this.messageStore = signal(messageStore);
-    this.currentMessage = computed(() => {
-      return this.messageStore.value[this.locale.value] ?? {};
-    });
-
-    effect(() => {
-      const cache = createIntlCache();
-      this.intlShape = createIntl(
-        {
-          locale: this.locale.value,
-          messages: this.currentMessage.value,
-        },
-        cache,
-      );
-    });
+    this.addDispose(
+      toDisposable(
+        effect(() => {
+          const cache = createIntlCache();
+          this._intlShape = createIntl(
+            {
+              locale: this._locale.value,
+              messages: this._currentMessage.value,
+            },
+            cache,
+          );
+        }),
+      ),
+    );
   }
 
   getLocale() {
-    return this.locale.value;
+    return this._locale.value;
   }
 
   setLocale(locale: Locale) {
+    this._throwIfDisposed(`this intl has been disposed`);
+
     const nomarlizedLocale = nomarlizeLocale(locale);
-    this.locale.value = nomarlizedLocale;
+    this._locale.value = nomarlizedLocale;
   }
 
   addTranslations(locale: Locale, messages: Translations) {
+    this._throwIfDisposed(`this intl has been disposed`);
+
     locale = nomarlizeLocale(locale);
-    const original = this.messageStore.value[locale];
+    const original = this._messageStore.value[locale];
 
-    this.messageStore.value[locale] = Object.assign(original, messages);
+    this._messageStore.value[locale] = Object.assign(original, messages);
   }
 
   getFormatter(): IntlFormatter {
-    return this.intlShape;
+    this._throwIfDisposed(`this intl has been disposed`);
+
+    return this._intlShape;
   }
 }