HOWTO control stepper motors #11731

TrDA-hab · 2021-04-14T16:04:13Z

TrDA-hab
Apr 14, 2021

0. About using stepper motors.

Using "Shutters mode" you can also simply control the:
- DC motors using this instruction.
- Servo motors using this instruction.
- You can see a practical example of using a stepper motor here here.
- Stepper motors using this instruction (see instructions below).
You can only use bipolar stepper motor using this instruction, unipolar stepper motor not supported.
Types of Steppers (1).
To work with stepper motors you need to use Shutters mode:
- More information about Shutters mode.
- More information on commands for Shutters mode.
Now it is highly recommended to use stepper motor driver TMC2208/TMC2225/TMC2209 instead of А4988/DRV8825.
And it is highly recommend using the power supply of 24 volts for your projects, minimum recommended voltage 12 volts.
Modifying a 28BYJ-48 stepper motor from unipolar to bipolar tutorial.
More information about 28BYJ-48.
The diagrams show the supply voltage of the NEMA-17 stepper motor, capacitor should be 35 ... 50 volts. More information about the effect of voltage on stepper motor operation can be found in the tutorial: (see 5. POWER SUPPLY):
- for 28BYJ-48-5v recommended voltage is 12v (only if modifying to bipolar).
- for 28BYJ-48-12v recommended voltage is 24v (only if modifying to bipolar).
Stepper drivers configuration tutorials:
- A4988
- DRV8825
- TMC2208
- TMC2225
- TMC2209
Don't forget to customize the microstep (MS1/MS2/MS3) for your needs (see tutorials above). If you forget or incorrectly adjust the microstepping mode you will get the same effect as in this video. Each stepper motor driver must use its own microstepping mode.
Remember to set the current limiting for your stepper motor driver (see tutorials above).
Home Assistant Integrations By Tasmota.
To reverse the rotation of the stepper motor, you must swap the two coils in the mirror image. Software reverse rotation of the motor is not supported.

Original motor Wiring	Reverse motor Wiring

1. Home Assistant Integrations (for perfectionists only):

003.mp4

Video x2 Stepper motors.

HA Integrations:

/config/configuration.yaml

# Livingroom Blinds  
cover:
  - platform: mqtt
    name: "Blinds 1"
    availability_topic: "tele/Roll_3/LWT"
    payload_available: "Online"
    payload_not_available: "Offline"
    position_topic: "stat/Roll_3/RESULT"
    value_template: >
      {% if ('Shutter1' in value_json) and ('Position' in value_json.Shutter1) %}
        {{ value_json.Shutter1.Position }}
      {% else %}
        {% if is_state('cover.livingroom_blinds1', 'unknown') %}
          50
        {% else %}
          {{ state_attr('cover.livingroom_blinds1','current_position') }}
        {% endif %}
      {% endif %}    
    position_open: 100
    position_closed: 0
    set_position_topic: "cmnd/Roll_3/ShutterPosition1"
    command_topic: "cmnd/Roll_3/Backlog"
    payload_open: "ShutterOpen1"
    payload_close: "ShutterClose1"
    payload_stop: "ShutterStop1"
    retain: false
    optimistic: false
    qos: 1
  - platform: mqtt
    name: "Blinds 2"
    availability_topic: "tele/Roll_3/LWT"
    payload_available: "Online"
    payload_not_available: "Offline"
    position_topic: "stat/Roll_3/RESULT"
    value_template: >
      {% if ('Shutter2' in value_json) and ('Position' in value_json.Shutter2) %}
        {{ value_json.Shutter2.Position }}
      {% else %}
        {% if is_state('cover.livingroom_blinds2', 'unknown') %}
          50
        {% else %}
          {{ state_attr('cover.livingroom_blinds2','current_position') }}
        {% endif %}
      {% endif %}    
    position_open: 100
    position_closed: 0
    set_position_topic: "cmnd/Roll_3/ShutterPosition2"
    command_topic: "cmnd/Roll_3/Backlog"
    payload_open: "ShutterOpen2"
    payload_close: "ShutterClose2"
    payload_stop: "ShutterStop2"
    retain: false
    optimistic: false
    qos: 1

/Entities Card Configuration:

type: entities
title: Livingroom blinds
entities:
  - cover.blinds_1
  - type: 'custom:slider-entity-row'
    entity: cover.blinds_1
    name: Open1%
  - type: 'custom:cover-position-preset-row'
    name: Position1
    entity: cover.blinds_1
    reverseButtons: false
    customSetpoints: true
    closePosition: 0
    midClosePosition: 25
    midOpenPosition: 65
    openPosition: 100
  - type: divider
  - cover.blinds_2
  - type: 'custom:slider-entity-row'
    entity: cover.blinds_2
    name: Open2%
  - type: 'custom:cover-position-preset-row'
    name: Position2
    entity: cover.blinds_2
    reverseButtons: false
    customSetpoints: true
    closePosition: 0
    midClosePosition: 25
    midOpenPosition: 65
    openPosition: 100

2. One stepper motor (minimum configuration):

Device List:

28BYJ-48-12V (stepper motor with 64:1 gear reducer).
A4988 (stepper motor driver).
ESP-01S (ESP8266 series wireless module).
K7803-500R3 (DC/DC step-down module).

How to use it:

You must add support for Shutter in my_user_config.h file (оr flash your ESP8266 module with tasmota.bin file).
Run commands in the console to run the "Shutter" mode (you must first configure the GPIO!):
SetOption80 1 // Enable shutters support.
ShutterMode 4 // Enable "Shutter mode 4".
Restart 1 // Restart Tasmota.
Run commands in the console to configure the motor operation:
ShutterFrequency 2500 // This is a global variable for all steppers (default = 1000ppm).
ShutterMotorDelay1 2.5 // Acceleration/deceleration speed for stepper motor(default = 0 seconds).
ShutterOpenDuration1 20 // Shutter opening time = 20 seconds (default = 10 seconds).
ShutterCloseDuration1 20 // Shutter closing time = 20 seconds (default = 10 seconds).
Restart 1 // Restart Tasmota.
Run commands in the consolee to test the motor operation (you must first configure the GPIO!):
ShutterOpen1 // Opening check.
ShutterStop1 // Stop check.
ShutterClose1 // Closing check.
Perform the shutter calibration (Optional).

Wemos Pin	GPIO	Component	Stepper Signal
D1	5	Relay1i	EN
D2	4	Relay2	DIR
D3	0	PWM1	STP
D4	2	Counter1	STP

3. One stepper motor (maximum configuration):

Device List:

Nema-17 (planetary gear motor 1:27).
DRV8825 (stepper motor driver).
Wemos D1 mini (ESP8266 series wireless board).
INA219 (power-monitoring board).
MP1584 (DC/DC step-down moduler).

How to use it:

You must add support for Shutter in my_user_config.h file (оr flash your ESP8266 module with tasmota.bin file).
Run commands in the console to run the "Shutter" mode (you must first configure the GPIO!):
SetOption80 1 // Enable shutters support.
ShutterMode 4 // Enable "Shutter mode 4".
Restart 1 // Restart Tasmota.
Run commands in the console to configure the motor operation:
ShutterFrequency 2500 // This is a global variable for all steppers (default = 1000ppm).
ShutterMotorDelay1 2.5 // Aacceleration/deceleration speed for stepper motor(default = 0 seconds).
ShutterOpenDuration1 20 // Opening time = 20 seconds (default = 10 seconds).
ShutterCloseDuration1 20 // Closing time = 20 seconds (default = 10 seconds).
Restart 1 // Restart Tasmota.
Run commands in the consolee to test the motor operation (you must first configure the GPIO!):
ShutterOpen1 // Opening check.
ShutterStop1 // Stop check.
ShutterClose1 // Closing check.
Perform the shutter calibration (Optional).
Run commands in the consolee for configuring the drive (optional):
SetOption73 1 // Enable detach buttons from relays.
Rule1 ON system#boot DO Backlog SetOption1 1; SetOption11 0; SetOption13 1 ENDON
Rule2 1 // Enable Rule1.
Rule2 ON button1#state DO ShutterOpen1 ENDON ON button2#state DO ShutterClose1 ENDON
Rule2 1 // Enable Rule2.
Rule3 ON INA219#Current>0.500 DO ShutterStop1 ENDON
Rule3 1 // Enable Rule3.

Wemos Pin	GPIO	Component	Stepper Signal
D1	5	Relay1i	EN
D2	4	Relay2	DIR
D3	0	PWM1	STP
D4	2	Counter1	STP
D6	12	SCL	INA219
D7	13	SLA	INA219
RX	3	Button1	Up button
TX	1	Button2	Down button

4. Two stepper motors (medium configuration):

Device List:

Nema-17 (stepper motor).
TMC2208 (stepper motor driver).
Wemos D1 mini (ESP8266 series wireless board).
MP1584 (DC/DC step-down module).

How to use it:

You must add support for Shutter in my_user_config.h file (оr flash your ESP8266 module with tasmota.bin file).
Run commands in the console to run the "Shutter" mode (you must first configure the GPIO!):
SetOption80 1 // Enable shutters support.
ShutterMode 4 // Enable "Shutter mode 4".
ShutterRelay1 1 // for relay Relay1 and Relay2.
ShutterRelay2 3 // for relay Relay3 and Relay4.
Restart 1 // Restart Tasmota.
Run commands in the console to configure the motor operation (you must first configure the GPIO!):
ShutterFrequency 2000 // This is a global variable for all steppers (default = 1000ppm).
ShutterMotorDelay1 1.5 // Shutter#1 acceleration/deceleration speed for stepper motor(default = 0 seconds).
ShutterOpenDuration1 15 // Shutter#1 opening time = 15 seconds (default = 10 seconds).
ShutterCloseDuration1 15 // Shutter#1 closing time = 15 seconds (default = 10 seconds).
ShutterMotorDelay2 1.5 // Shutter#2 acceleration/deceleration speed for stepper motor(default = 0 seconds).
ShutterOpenDuration2 15 // Shutter#2 opening time = 15 seconds (default = 10 seconds).
ShutterCloseDuration2 15 // Shutter#2 closing time = 15 seconds (default = 10 seconds).
Restart 1 // Restart Tasmota.
Run commands in the consolee to test the motor operation (you must first configure the GPIO!):
ShutterOpen1 // Opening check (Shutter#1).
ShutterStop1 // Stop check (Shutter#1).
ShutterClose1 // Closing check (Shutter#1).
ShutterOpen2 // Opening check (Shutter#2).
ShutterStop2 // Stop check (Shutter#2).
ShutterClose2 // Closing check (Shutter#2).
Perform the shutter calibration (Optional).
Run commands in the consolee for configuring the drive:
SetOption73 1 // Enable detach buttons from relays.
ShutterButton1 1 updown 0 // Assigns button1 to act as an "up and down" button (1x press up, 2x press down) for Shutter#1.
ShutterButton2 2 updown 0 // Assigns button2 to act as an "up and down" button (1x press up, 2x press down) for Shutter#2.

Wemos Pin	GPIO	Component	Stepper Signal
D1	5	Relay1i	EN
D2	4	Relay2	DIR
D3	0	PWM1	STP
D4	2	Counter1	STP
D5	14	Relay3i	EN
D6	12	Relay4	DIR
D7	13	PWM2	STP
D8	15	Counter2	STP

4.1 Two stepper motors (medium parallel configuration):

Device List:

Nema-17 (stepper motor).
TMC2208 (stepper motor driver).
Wemos D1 mini (ESP8266 series wireless board).
Stepper motor parallel board.
Mini560 (DC/DC step-down module).

4.2 Four stepper motors (maximum parallel configuration):

Device List:

Nema-17 (stepper motor).
TMC2208 (stepper motor driver).
Wemos D1 mini (ESP8266 series wireless board).
Stepper motor parallel board.
Mini560 (DC/DC step-down module).

4. Changing the interface (Optional):

By default, SetOption15 is ON and you see three unused components. To hide unused components, run the SetOption15 OFF command in the console.

You can change the labels on the control buttons. Run commands in the console.

Backlog WebButton1 ⇈ WebButton2 &#8650

Backlog WebButton1 ↺ WebButton2 &#8635

To return to the default interface. Run command in the console.
Backlog WebButton1 ▲; WebButton2 ▼

6. Components for creating devices (Optional):

To customize your devices you can use:

Stepper motor board.

https://aliexpress.com/item/4000393299508.html

https://aliexpress.com/item/32870732179.html
https://aliexpress.com/item/33055392128.html

https://aliexpress.com/item/32905538087.html

https://aliexpress.com/item/1000007369401.html

Stepper motor parallel board.

https://aliexpress.com/item/33019883744.html

Stepper motor cable.

https://aliexpress.com/item/32769553792.html
https://aliexpress.com/item/32811275446.html

08/28/2021 Added new information, minor bugs fixed.
09/09/2021 Added new information, Home Assistant Integrations.

Best regards,
TrDA

L0rz · 2021-08-19T22:01:55Z

L0rz
Aug 19, 2021

Hi,
thx for your work, please share the pcb you used here with us:
https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:4301158

0 replies

towerclimber87 · 2022-07-16T06:49:15Z

towerclimber87
Jul 16, 2022

You did great job and thank you for that. this is what i have been looking for.
However, i cant seem to get shutter two, to report back. it doesnt seem to work at all.
I have tried a few wemos d1 minis with no luck on the 2nd shutter. any help would be great.

1 reply

stefanbode Aug 3, 2022

Hi on esp32 more than one stepper motor was just added today. On esp8266 this works already more than a year. The documentation show how to config. If you need more help I need some logfiles what is not working. You can find me on discord or write an email to stefan_bode at web.de

bzk5555 · 2022-10-15T23:06:12Z

bzk5555
Oct 15, 2022

homeassistant yapılandırması hata veriyor. neden acaba.
/config/configuration.yaml

0 replies

kiwipaulrob · 2022-11-15T19:03:33Z

kiwipaulrob
Nov 15, 2022

Thanks for this. Has anyone got stallguard to work with the tmc2209?

0 replies

Lordcybertracker · 2023-05-20T15:58:45Z

Lordcybertracker
May 20, 2023

Thanks for this great guide.
I'm just looking for the command how to use it for promotion and not rolo.
So he makes a certain number of revolutions after pressing a button.
It would be great if someone could help me there.
Thanks

2 replies

stefanbode May 20, 2023

Hi with esp32 you can define a ultra long runtime about 600 seconds. Then you define a shutterbutton that increment for e.g. 2%=12sek. Now it operates 12 seconds and still uses the accelerator for a smooth start. Depending on the frequency every e.g. 30 min you do a Shuttersetclose. Normally for calibration. In your case it ensure you can use the button indefinitely. In the above example at least after 50 pushes you have to reset.

stefanbode May 20, 2023

You can use rules or berry to do the reset

Antonje85 · 2023-05-21T21:11:09Z

Antonje85
May 21, 2023

Guys, thanks for the immense work you've done, it wasn't easy but I managed to create the system to open the roller blind. To complete everything, I would like to integrate it into Home Assistant with the functions shown in the video on this page, could you tell me what I should install in HA to get that graphic? I currently have HA in the basic configuration and the card I have only allows me to raise, stop and lower the tent, I don't know where to start to get that "for perfectionists" screen. Thank you.

0 replies

Kenaschon · 2024-06-05T15:29:50Z

Kenaschon
Jun 5, 2024

Hello,
can you please share the pcb?

Thank you

0 replies

fredycz2005 · 2024-09-21T08:40:41Z

fredycz2005
Sep 21, 2024

Hello i have a problem with one of my blinds it refuses to go in other direction. Could anyone help me with this ?

3 replies

Antonje85 Sep 21, 2024

Could it be a problem due to the connection of the motor wires? By inverting the wires you could solve...
If not, describe your project in detail and you will be helped.

fredycz2005 Sep 21, 2024

i have configuration number 4. but only one stepper motor and tmc2209 board with nodemcu i have 2 same setups that are working but this one is not working at all it only goes in one direction when it shows in tasmota that the direction relay is on the motor goes in the same direction as before

stefanbode Sep 21, 2024

For stepper motors there is one cable responsible for the direction. I assume this is loose or broken. Check if you get 3.3V on the driver pin when it should go reverse. I assume it is always 0V. Or your driver chip is broken.

Provide feedback

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HOWTO control stepper motors #11731

0. About using stepper motors.

1. Home Assistant Integrations (for perfectionists only):

HA Integrations:

2. One stepper motor (minimum configuration):

Device List:

How to use it:

3. One stepper motor (maximum configuration):

Device List:

How to use it:

4. Two stepper motors (medium configuration):

Device List:

How to use it:

4.1 Two stepper motors (medium parallel configuration):

Device List:

4.2 Four stepper motors (maximum parallel configuration):

Device List:

4. Changing the interface (Optional):

6. Components for creating devices (Optional):

To customize your devices you can use:

Replies: 8 comments · 6 replies

Replies: 8 comments 6 replies