From 6db318c4628c4dd187ffd35af1564e6f12866052 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Tiandians <zhubaolin228@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 6 Jul 2023 01:31:24 +0800
Subject: [PATCH] Deployed 0f3995e with MkDocs version: 1.4.3

---
 books/AIPP/index.html                |   12 +-
 books/ATBSP/index.html               | 1719 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/index.html |   46 +
 courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab2/index.html | 1582 ++++++++++++++++++++++++
 courses-zjucs/hpc101/lec1/index.html |   15 +-
 search/search_index.json             |    2 +-
 sitemap.xml                          |   10 +
 sitemap.xml.gz                       |  Bin 681 -> 689 bytes
 8 files changed, 3374 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 books/ATBSP/index.html
 create mode 100644 courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab2/index.html
diff --git a/books/AIPP/index.html b/books/AIPP/index.html
index b839cfa3..241e88e5 100644
--- a/books/AIPP/index.html
+++ b/books/AIPP/index.html
@@ -1536,7 +1536,7 @@ <h2 id="ch1-why-parallel-programming">Ch1. Why Parallel Programming?<a class="he
 <!-- prettier-ignore-end -->
 
 <ul>
-<li>Two approaches to parallel programming: <ul>
+<li>Two approaches to parallel programming:<ul>
 <li>Task-parallelism</li>
 <li>Data-parallelism</li>
 <li>Explanaition: The first part of global sum example is task-parallelism, each core carries out roughtly the same oprations on its assigned elements. And the second part is data-parallelism, receiving and adding the cores' partial sums.</li>
@@ -1573,11 +1573,11 @@ <h2 id="ch1-why-parallel-programming">Ch1. Why Parallel Programming?<a class="he
 <p>And we distinguish between three terms:</p>
 <ul>
 <li><strong>Concurrent</strong>: a program is one in which multiple tasks can be in progress
-at any instant.</li>
+    at any instant.</li>
 <li><strong>Parallel</strong>: a program is one in which multiple tasks cooperate closely
-to solve a problem.</li>
+    to solve a problem.</li>
 <li><strong>Distributed</strong>: a program may need to cooperate with other programs
-to solve a problem.</li>
+    to solve a problem.</li>
 </ul>
 <!-- prettier-ignore-start -->
 <div class="admonition tip">
@@ -1734,7 +1734,7 @@ <h3 id="21-background">2.1 Background<a class="headerlink" href="#21-background"
 <h3 id="22-modifications-to-the-von-neumann-model">2.2 Modifications to the von Neumann Model<a class="headerlink" href="#22-modifications-to-the-von-neumann-model" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
 <ul>
 <li>Caching (CPU Cache)<ul>
-<li>Terminology: <ul>
+<li>Terminology:<ul>
 <li>spatial locality, temporal locality</li>
 <li>cache miss</li>
 <li>write-through, write-back</li>
@@ -1985,7 +1985,7 @@ <h3 id="34-collective-communication">3.4 Collective Communication<a class="heade
 </code></pre></div>
 <ul>
 <li>Key is the fifth argument <code>operator</code>.<ul>
-<li>Find: <code>MPI_MAX</code>, <code>MPI_MIN</code>, <code>MPI_MAXLOC</code>, <code>MPI_MINLOC</code> </li>
+<li>Find: <code>MPI_MAX</code>, <code>MPI_MIN</code>, <code>MPI_MAXLOC</code>, <code>MPI_MINLOC</code></li>
 <li>Compute: <code>MPI_SUM</code>, <code>MPI_PROD</code></li>
 <li>Bitwise: <code>MPI_BAND</code>, <code>MPI_BOR</code>, <code>MPI_BXOR</code></li>
 <li>Logical: <code>MPI_LAND</code>, <code>MPI_LOR</code>, <code>MPI_LXOR</code></li>
diff --git a/books/ATBSP/index.html b/books/ATBSP/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..115853e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/books/ATBSP/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,1719 @@
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+        Ch. 1-4 Intro, Number, Data and Operation
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+        Ch9. Programming Language
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+    <li class="md-nav__item">
+      <a href="../FOCS/AppE/" class="md-nav__link">
+        Appendix E: Boolen Algebra and Logic Circuits
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+                  <div class="md-sidebar__inner">
+                    
+
+<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
+  
+  
+  
+    
+  
+  
+    <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
+      <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
+      Table of contents
+    </label>
+    <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#tips" class="md-nav__link">
+    零散 tips
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#ch6" class="md-nav__link">
+    Ch6. 字符串操作
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#ch7" class="md-nav__link">
+    Ch7. 模式匹配与正则表达式
+  </a>
+  
+</li>
+      
+    </ul>
+  
+</nav>
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+            
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+          
+            <div class="md-content" data-md-component="content">
+              <article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
+                
+                  
+  
+
+
+
+  
+  
+
+
+<h1 id="python">Python 编程快速上手：让繁琐工作自动化<a class="headerlink" href="#python" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
+<table>
+<thead>
+<tr>
+<th align="center">出版社</th>
+<th align="center">作者</th>
+<th align="center">年份</th>
+<th align="center">阅读时间 ｜</th>
+</tr>
+</thead>
+<tbody>
+<tr>
+<td align="center">人民邮电出版社</td>
+<td align="center">Al Sweigart</td>
+<td align="center">2015</td>
+<td align="center">2023.07</td>
+</tr>
+</tbody>
+</table>
+<!-- prettier-ignore-start -->
+<div class="admonition abstract">
+<p class="admonition-title">本书摘要</p>
+<p>本书的目的性很强：让你快速上手 Python 在实际应用中最常见的用法，只需要写用完就扔掉的代码。因此它并不会向你介绍很多编程方面的细节，甚至根本不提面向对象等知识。</p>
+<p>在我看来，这本书适合希望快速将 Python 应用到学习工作中的读者。如果你选择 SOP 和 PCC 等书，那么大部分的时间都将花在编程和语言的学习上，并不能立刻将它应用到工作上。</p>
+<p>本篇笔记仅选读以下章节：</p>
+<ul>
+<li>Ch6. 字符串操作</li>
+<li>Ch7. 正则表达式</li>
+<li>Ch8-9. 文件</li>
+<li>Ch11. Web</li>
+<li>Ch17. 图像</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<!-- prettier-ignore-end -->
+
+<h2 id="tips">零散 tips<a class="headerlink" href="#tips" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<ul>
+<li><code>None</code> 值：这是 <code>NoneType</code> 数据类型的唯一值。如果你希望变量中的值不会和其他东西混淆，你可以使用它。<ul>
+<li>使用没有返回值的函数进行赋值也会得到 <code>None</code>，你可以认为 Python 在这些函数末尾都加上了 <code>return None</code>。</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li>引用到底是怎么回事？<ul>
+<li>你可以将变量看作一个包含值的盒子</li>
+<li>对于<strong>不可变数据类型</strong>的值，比如<strong>字符串、整型或元组</strong>，盒子里装的就是值本身。</li>
+<li>对于<strong>可变数据类型</strong>的值，比如<strong>列表、字典</strong>，盒子里装的是值的引用。</li>
+<li>技巧：<code>copy</code> 模块：<ul>
+<li><code>copy.copy()</code>：复制列表或字典这样的可变值。但是，如果列表的里面有列表呢？</li>
+<li><code>copy.deepcopy()</code>：同时复制列表、字典或列表中的列表这样的可变值。</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li>技巧：<code>pprint</code> 模块 漂亮打印：<ul>
+<li><code>pprint.pprint()</code>：将列表、字典等数据类型打印成漂亮的格式。</li>
+<li>如果希望得到字符串，使用 <code>pprint.pformat()</code>。</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+</ul>
+<h2 id="ch6">Ch6. 字符串操作<a class="headerlink" href="#ch6" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<ul>
+<li><code>r</code> 前缀：原始字符串，不转义。常用于路径、正则表达式。</li>
+<li><strong><em>三重引号</em></strong>：其间的所有引号、制表符或换行都被认为是字符串的一部分。<strong><em>Python 的代码缩进规则不适用于三重引号</em></strong>，你的缩进也会被打印出来。三重引号推荐这样写，保证输出与代码看起来一致。其中第一行的 <code>\</code> 防止文段开头多一个换行符。</li>
+</ul>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;&#39;&#39;</span><span class="se">\</span>
+<span class="s1">Dear Alice,</span>
+<span class="s1">    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.</span>
+<span class="s1">Sincerely,</span>
+<span class="s1">Bob&#39;&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</code></pre></div>
+<ul>
+<li>多行字符串还经常用作多行注释。</li>
+</ul>
+<h3 id="_1">字符串方法集锦<a class="headerlink" href="#_1" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<ul>
+<li><code>isX()</code> 系列：<code>isalpha()</code>、<code>isalnum()</code>、<code>isdecimal()</code>、<code>isspace()</code>、<code>istitle()</code>。</li>
+<li>转换：<code>upper()</code>、<code>lower()</code>、<code>title()</code>、<code>capitalize()</code>、<code>swapcase()</code>。</li>
+<li>查找：<code>startswith()</code>、<code>endswith()</code>。</li>
+<li>多字符串：<code>join()</code>、<code>split()</code></li>
+<li>裁剪：<code>strip()</code>、<code>lstrip()</code>、<code>rstrip()</code>。</li>
+<li>对齐：<code>ljust()</code>、<code>rjust()</code>、<code>center()</code>。</li>
+</ul>
+<h3 id="_2">剪贴板<a class="headerlink" href="#_2" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>使用 <code>pyperclip</code> 包（需要安装）可以与系统剪贴板交互。</p>
+<ul>
+<li><code>pyperclip.copy()</code>：将字符串复制到剪贴板。</li>
+<li><code>pyperclip.paste()</code>：将剪贴板中的内容粘贴到字符串。</li>
+</ul>
+<!-- prettier-ignore-start -->
+<div class="admonition example">
+<p class="admonition-title">练习</p>
+<p>从剪贴板上获取多行字符串，将它们转换成 Markdown 格式的列表。</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">pyperclip</span>
+<span class="n">text</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pyperclip</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">paste</span><span class="p">()</span>
+<span class="n">lines</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">text</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s1">&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">lines</span><span class="p">)):</span>
+    <span class="n">lines</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;* &#39;</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">lines</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
+<span class="n">text</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s1">&#39;</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">join</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">lines</span><span class="p">)</span>
+<span class="n">pyperclip</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">copy</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">text</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>关注代码中如何处理换行符。</p>
+</div>
+<!-- prettier-ignore-end -->
+
+<h2 id="ch7">Ch7. 模式匹配与正则表达式<a class="headerlink" href="#ch7" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<h3 id="_3">使用正则表达式模块<a class="headerlink" href="#_3" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p><code>re</code> 模块处理正则表达式。</p>
+<ul>
+<li><code>re.compile()</code>：创建一个正则表达式对象（Regex 模式对象）。<ul>
+<li>用例：<code>phoneNumRegex = re.compile(r'\d\d\d-\d\d\d-\d\d\d\d')</code></li>
+<li>记得用原始字符串。</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li>Regex 对象有如下方法：<ul>
+<li><code>search()</code>：找第一次匹配<ul>
+<li>输入：一个字符串。</li>
+<li>返回：一个 <strong>Match 对象</strong>，包含匹配文本的<strong>第一个</strong>出现的位置。</li>
+<li>Match 对象有如下方法：<ul>
+<li><code>group()</code>：返回匹配的字符串。<ul>
+<li>输入：一个整数（表示分组），0 或留空表示整个匹配。</li>
+<li>返回：对应的字符串。</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li><code>findall()</code>：找所有匹配<ul>
+<li>输入：一个字符串。</li>
+<li>返回：一个<strong>字符串列表</strong>，包含匹配的所有字符串。</li>
+<li>如果有分组，返回的是元组的列表。每个元组是一个<strong>匹配</strong>，每个元组中的项是改匹配中的各个分组。</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li><code>sub()</code>：替换操作<ul>
+<li>输入：两个参数，第一个是用于取代匹配的字符串，第二个是要被替换的字符串。<ul>
+<li>在第一个参数中，可以使用 <code>\1</code>、<code>\2</code> 等来引用匹配的分组。</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li>返回：替换后的字符串。</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+</ul>
+<h3 id="_4">正则表达式语法<a class="headerlink" href="#_4" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<ul>
+<li><code>()</code> 分组：<ul>
+<li>分组就是将多个字符当作一个单元。</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li><code>|</code> 管道：匹配多个表达式中的一个。</li>
+<li><code>?</code> 可选匹配：前面的分组出现 0 次或 1 次。</li>
+<li><code>*</code> 零次或多次匹配：前面的分组出现 0 次或多次。</li>
+<li><code>+</code> 一次或多次匹配：前面的分组出现 1 次或多次。</li>
+<li><code>{n}</code> 匹配 n 次：前面的分组出现 n 次。<ul>
+<li>可以指定一个范围，比如 <code>{1,3}</code>。第一或第二个数字可以不写。</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li><code>?</code> 非贪心匹配：限制前面的分组匹配尽可能少的文本。<ul>
+<li>默认情况下，正则表达式是贪心的，即匹配尽可能长的字符串。</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+</ul>
+<p>字符分类：</p>
+<ul>
+<li><code>\d</code> 任何数字</li>
+<li><code>\D</code> 除数字外的任何字符</li>
+<li><code>\w</code> 任何字母、数字或下划线字符（可以认为是匹配“单词”字符）</li>
+<li><code>\W</code> 除字母、数字和下划线以外的任何字符</li>
+<li><code>\s</code> 空格、制表符或换行符（可以认为是匹配“空白”字符）</li>
+<li><code>\S</code></li>
+</ul>
+<p>使用中括号创建自己的字符分类。</p>
+<ul>
+<li><code>^</code>：匹配必须发生在字符串开始处。</li>
+<li><code>$</code>：匹配必须发生在字符串结尾处。</li>
+<li><code>.</code>：通配符，匹配除换行符外任何字符。<ul>
+<li>如果要匹配换行符，使用 <code>re.DOTALL</code> 作为 <code>re.compile()</code> 的第二个参数。</li>
+</ul>
+</li>
+<li>大小写无关匹配：使用 <code>re.IGNORECASE</code> 或 <code>re.I</code> 作为 <code>re.compile()</code> 的第二个参数。</li>
+</ul>
+<h3 id="_5">管理复杂的正则表达式<a class="headerlink" href="#_5" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<ul>
+<li>使用 <code>re.VERBOSE</code> 或 <code>re.X</code> 作为 <code>re.compile()</code> 的第二个参数，可以在正则表达式中添加注释。</li>
+</ul>
+<p>用例：</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="n">phoneRegex</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">re</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">compile</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="sa">r</span><span class="s1">&#39;&#39;&#39;(</span>
+<span class="s1">    (\d</span><span class="si">{3}</span><span class="s1">|\(\d</span><span class="si">{3}</span><span class="s1">\))?              # area code</span>
+<span class="s1">    (\s|-|\.)?                      # separator</span>
+<span class="s1">    \d</span><span class="si">{3}</span><span class="s1">                           # first 3 digits</span>
+<span class="s1">    (\s|-|\.)                       # separator</span>
+<span class="s1">    \d</span><span class="si">{4}</span><span class="s1">                           # last 4 digits</span>
+<span class="s1">    (\s*(ext|x|ext.)\s*\d{2,5})?    # extension</span>
+<span class="s1">)&#39;&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">re</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">VERBOSE</span><span class="p">)</span>
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>加了注释，正则表达式就清晰多啦！</p>
+<p>使用管道符号可以将多个 <code>re.compile()</code> 的第二个参数结合起来使用，比如 <code>re.compile(r'pattern', re.IGNORECASE | re.DOTALL)</code>。</p>
+
+
+
+
+
+                
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diff --git a/courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/index.html b/courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/index.html
index c010eb8b..5a3f6adc 100644
--- a/courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/index.html
+++ b/courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/index.html
@@ -830,6 +830,13 @@
     Bonus: Docker
   </a>
   
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#extended" class="md-nav__link">
+    Extended
+  </a>
+  
 </li>
       
         <li class="md-nav__item">
@@ -1551,6 +1558,13 @@
     Bonus: Docker
   </a>
   
+</li>
+      
+        <li class="md-nav__item">
+  <a href="#extended" class="md-nav__link">
+    Extended
+  </a>
+  
 </li>
       
         <li class="md-nav__item">
@@ -1789,6 +1803,38 @@ <h3 id="setting-up-connection">Setting up connection<a class="headerlink" href="
 <h3 id="execute-experiment">Execute experiment<a class="headerlink" href="#execute-experiment" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
 <p><a class="glightbox" href="https://cdn.bowling233.top/images/2023/06/202306220048493.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="docker result" src="https://cdn.bowling233.top/images/2023/06/202306220048493.png" /></a></p>
 <p>I found the computing speed in dockers is much faster then clusters. <strong>DOCKERS ARE EXTREMELY AWESOME.</strong></p>
+<h2 id="extended">Extended<a class="headerlink" href="#extended" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>Later in the course, instructors mentioned we can try to modify <code>HPL.dat</code> to get better performance and configure NFS to share files between nodes. I also tried to do these things. </p>
+<h3 id="tuning-hpldat">Tuning HPL.dat<a class="headerlink" href="#tuning-hpldat" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>Refer to <a href="https://www.netlib.org/benchmark/hpl/tuning.html">HPL Tuning</a>.</p>
+<h3 id="configuring-nfs-file-system">Configuring NFS File System<a class="headerlink" href="#configuring-nfs-file-system" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>NFS uses RPC protocol to share files between server and client.</p>
+<h4 id="setup-nfs-server-and-client">Setup NFS Server and Client<a class="headerlink" href="#setup-nfs-server-and-client" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<p>Please refer to this passage: <a href="https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-set-up-an-nfs-mount-on-debian-11">How to Set Up an NFS Mount on Debian 11 | DigitalOcean</a>.</p>
+<p>More details about NFS can be seen in:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/NFS">NFS - ArchWiki</a></li>
+</ul>
+<h4 id="have-a-test">Have a test<a class="headerlink" href="#have-a-test" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h4>
+<p>First install <code>nfs-common</code> and create mount point on clients:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>sudo<span class="w"> </span>apt<span class="w"> </span>install<span class="w"> </span>nfs-common
+sudo<span class="w"> </span>mkdir<span class="w"> </span>/hpc
+</code></pre></div>
+<!-- prettier-ignore-start -->
+<div class="admonition warning">
+<p class="admonition-title">mount error</p>
+<p>If you encounter the following error:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>mount:<span class="w"> </span>bad<span class="w"> </span>option<span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span>several<span class="w"> </span>filesystems<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>e.g.<span class="w"> </span>nfs,<span class="w"> </span>cifs<span class="o">)</span><span class="w"> </span>you<span class="w"> </span>might<span class="w"> </span>need<span class="w"> </span>a<span class="w"> </span>/sbin/mount.&lt;type&gt;<span class="w"> </span>helper<span class="w"> </span>program.
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>You need to install <code>nfs-common</code> on clients.</p>
+</div>
+<!-- prettier-ignore-end -->
+
+<p>Add the following line to clients:</p>
+<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">/etc/fstab</span><pre><span></span><code>10.0.2.15:/hpc /hpc nfs auto,nofail,noatime,nolock,intr,tcp,actimeo=1800 0 0
+</code></pre></div>
+<p>Then run the program and get the result:</p>
+<p><a class="glightbox" href="https://cdn.bowling233.top/images/2023/07/202307052302166.png" data-type="image" data-width="100%" data-height="auto" data-desc-position="bottom"><img alt="" src="https://cdn.bowling233.top/images/2023/07/202307052302166.png" /></a></p>
 <h2 id="related-links">Related links<a class="headerlink" href="#related-links" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
 <ul>
 <li><a href="https://heap.45gfg9.net/t/2023-ZJU-HPC101-Lab1/">45gfg9's Note</a></li>
diff --git a/courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab2/index.html b/courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab2/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8de81403
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+
+<h1 id="lab2-vector-calculation">Lab2 Vector Calculation<a class="headerlink" href="#lab2-vector-calculation" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
+<h2 id="basic-usage-of-numpy">Basic usage of NumPy<a class="headerlink" href="#basic-usage-of-numpy" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<h3 id="conda">Conda<a class="headerlink" href="#conda" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>Actually this may be our first time to manage Python project. So a package management system is needed. Let's learn <a href="https://docs.conda.io/en/latest/">Conda</a> first.</p>
+<h3 id="idea">Idea<a class="headerlink" href="#idea" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p><strong>Vectorization</strong> and <strong>broadcasting</strong> are two important concepts in NumPy. They are the key to make NumPy faster than pure Python.</p>
+<ul>
+<li>Vectorization describes the absence of any explicit looping, indexing, etc., in the code.</li>
+<li>Broadcasting is the term used to describe the implicit element-by-element behavior of operations.</li>
+</ul>
+<h3 id="check-it">Check it<a class="headerlink" href="#check-it" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>You should learn:</p>
+<ul>
+<li>Array creation</li>
+<li>Indexing on <code>ndarrays</code></li>
+<li>I/O with NumPy</li>
+<li>Data types</li>
+<li>Broadcasting</li>
+<li>Copies and views</li>
+<li>Structured arrays</li>
+<li>Universal functions (ufuncs) basics</li>
+</ul>
+<h3 id="array">Array<a class="headerlink" href="#array" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>Some terminology in NumPy:</p>
+<ul>
+<li>vector: 1d array</li>
+<li>matrix: 2d array</li>
+<li>tensor: 3d or higher dimensional array</li>
+<li>axes: dimensions</li>
+</ul>
+<p>Attributes of array:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><code>dtype</code>: data type</li>
+<li><code>rank</code>: number of dimensions</li>
+<li><code>shape</code>: a tuple of integers, indicating the size of the array in each dimension</li>
+</ul>
+<p>Create an array:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><code>np.array(list)</code>: create an array from a list</li>
+<li><code>np.zeros(n)</code>: create an n-dimensional array full of zeros</li>
+<li><code>np.ones(n)</code>: create an n-dimensional array full of ones</li>
+<li><code>np.empty(n)</code>: create an n-dimensional array full of random numbers</li>
+<li><code>np.arange(start, end, step)</code>: create an array from start to end with step</li>
+<li><code>np.linspace(start, end, num=)</code>: create an array from start to end with num elements</li>
+</ul>
+<p>Use <code>dtype</code> keyword argument to specify the data type of the array. For example, <code>np.array([1, 2, 3], dtype=np.float32)</code>.</p>
+<h3 id="manipulate">Manipulate<a class="headerlink" href="#manipulate" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
+<p>Sorting:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><code>np.sort(arr)</code>: sort an array, return a sorted copy</li>
+<li><code>np.argsort()</code></li>
+<li><code>np.lexsort()</code></li>
+<li><code>np.searchsorted()</code>: find elements in a sorted array</li>
+<li><code>np.partition()</code>: partial sort</li>
+</ul>
+<p>Concatenate:</p>
+<ul>
+<li>Vectors: <code>np.concatenate((a1, a2, ...))</code>: concatenate arrays</li>
+<li>Multidimensional arrays: <code>np.concatenate((a1, a2, ...), axis=)</code>: concatenate arrays along a specific axis</li>
+</ul>
+<p>Info:</p>
+<ul>
+<li><code>ndarray.ndim</code>: number of dimensions</li>
+<li><code>ndarray.size</code>: total number of elements</li>
+<li><code>ndarray.shape</code>: mentioned above</li>
+</ul>
+<p>Reshape: 
+- <code>arr.reshape(shape)</code>
+- <code>np.reshape(arr, newshape=(,), order='C')</code>
+    - <code>newshape</code>: a tuple of integers
+    - <code>order</code>:
+        - <code>C</code>: row-major, C-like index order
+        - <code>F</code>: column-major, Fortran-like index order
+        - <code>A</code>: if <code>a</code> is Fortran contiguous then Fortran-like, otherwise row-major</p>
+
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+  <script>document$.subscribe(() => {const lightbox = GLightbox({"touchNavigation": true, "loop": false, "zoomable": true, "draggable": true, "openEffect": "zoom", "closeEffect": "zoom", "slideEffect": "slide"});})</script></body>
+</html>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/courses-zjucs/hpc101/lec1/index.html b/courses-zjucs/hpc101/lec1/index.html
index 578a1132..8d9db2f1 100644
--- a/courses-zjucs/hpc101/lec1/index.html
+++ b/courses-zjucs/hpc101/lec1/index.html
@@ -850,8 +850,8 @@
 </li>
       
         <li class="md-nav__item">
-  <a href="#lec-3" class="md-nav__link">
-    Lec 3
+  <a href="#lec-3-hpc-methodology" class="md-nav__link">
+    Lec 3 HPC Methodology
   </a>
   
 </li>
@@ -1484,8 +1484,8 @@
 </li>
       
         <li class="md-nav__item">
-  <a href="#lec-3" class="md-nav__link">
-    Lec 3
+  <a href="#lec-3-hpc-methodology" class="md-nav__link">
+    Lec 3 HPC Methodology
   </a>
   
 </li>
@@ -1541,9 +1541,14 @@ <h2 id="lec-2-computer-systems">Lec 2 Computer Systems<a class="headerlink" href
 <li>Processor Architecture</li>
 <li>Memory Hierarchy</li>
 <li>Concurrency Basics</li>
+<li>x86 Microarchitecture</li>
+<li>Single Instruction Multiple Data</li>
+<li>Multicore and Multi-socket Memory</li>
 </ul>
 <p>Mainly discussed in <a href="../../../books/CSAPP/">CSAPP</a>.</p>
-<h2 id="lec-3">Lec 3<a class="headerlink" href="#lec-3" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>这节课的内容其实非常丰富，包括三大课程：计算机体系结构、操作系统、编译原理。本节课只是介绍性质，具体知识需要自己慢慢补充。</p>
+<h2 id="lec-3-hpc-methodology">Lec 3 HPC Methodology<a class="headerlink" href="#lec-3-hpc-methodology" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
+<p>Date: 2023/07/05</p>
 
 
 
diff --git a/search/search_index.json b/search/search_index.json
index 33b078a4..6df3516c 100644
--- a/search/search_index.json
+++ b/search/search_index.json
@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"config":{"lang":["en"],"separator":"[\\s\\-]+","pipeline":["stopWordFilter"]},"docs":[{"location":"","title":"\ud83c\udfb3Bowling's TechStack","text":"<p>\u79c1\u3001\u30a2\u30a4\u30c9\u30eb\u5ba3\u8a00</p> <p>     \u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u662f\u70ed\u7231\uff0c\u5199\u5230\u4e16\u754c\u5145\u6ee1\u7231\uff01 </p>"},{"location":"#_1","title":"\u7b80\u4ecb","text":"<p>\u8fd9\u662f Bowling \u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c \ud83d\udcd3\u3002\u6211\u60f3\u7b80\u8981\u8bb0\u5f55\u81ea\u5df1\u5b66\u8fc7\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3001\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u642d\u5efa\u8d77\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6808\u3002</p> <p>\u91cd\u6784\u4e2d</p> <p>\u76ee\u524d\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u6b63\u5728\u91cd\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7b14\u8bb0\u5904\u4e8e\u5f52\u6863\u6574\u7406\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6682\u4e0d\u53ef\u89c1\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u539f\u6709\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u4e5f\u4e0d\u518d\u53ef\u7528\u3002\u9884\u8ba1\u672c\u5b66\u671f\u5185\u5b8c\u6210\u91cd\u6784\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5173\u4e8e\u76ee\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605 Project \u9875\u9762\u3002</li> <li>\u5173\u4e8e\u6574\u4e2a\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605 Stack \u6280\u672f\u6808\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u521d\u8877</p> <p>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u6280\u80fd\u7eb7\u7e41\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fed\u4ee3\u5f88\u5feb\u3002\u6211\u5e38\u5e38\u9762\u4e34\u5b66\u4e60\u5b8c\u4e00\u9879\u6280\u672f\u540e\uff0c\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u6ca1\u590d\u4e60\u5c31\u5fd8\u6389\u7684\u7a98\u5883\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u4e4b\u524d\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u5f88\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7b14\u8bb0\u8981\u4e48\u7834\u788e\u3001\u6df7\u4e71\u800c\u96be\u4ee5\u9605\u8bfb\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u9057\u5931\u4e86\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u6211\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u6309\u7167\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\uff0c\u6574\u7406\u5f52\u7c7b\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u4f7f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u6280\u80fd\u4f53\u7cfb\u5316\u3002</p>"},{"location":"#_2","title":"\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<p>\u76ee\u524d\u4f9d\u7136\u89c9\u5f97\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u5f88\u4e71\uff0c\u6682\u4e14\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u4e3b\u9875<ul> <li>\u53cb\u94fe\uff1a\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\uff0c\u90fd\u597d\u5389\u5bb3\uff01</li> <li>\u9879\u76ee\uff1a\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u9879\u76ee</li> <li>\u6280\u672f\u6808\uff1a\u4ee5\u6280\u672f\u6811\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u7d22\u5f15\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9</li> <li>\u6807\u7b7e\uff1a\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u6765\u7d22\u5f15\u6b63\u5728\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u9875\u9762</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u6821\u5185 CS \u8bfe\u7a0b\uff1a\u6d59\u6c5f\u5927\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4f5c\u4e1a\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002<ul> <li>C \u8bed\u8a00\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1</li> <li>\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u57fa\u7840</li> <li>\u6570\u5b57\u903b\u8f91\u8bbe\u8ba1</li> <li>HPC101</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u6821\u5916\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff1a\u4e3b\u8981\u4e3a\u56fd\u5916\u8457\u540d\u5927\u5b66\u7684 CS \u8bfe\u7a0b<ul> <li>CMU 15-213 \u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u5176\u4ed6\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff1a\u6d59\u6c5f\u5927\u5b66\u5176\u4ed6\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u3002<ul> <li>\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u57fa\u7840</li> <li>\u79bb\u6563\u6570\u5b66</li> <li>\u6982\u7387\u8bba\u4e0e\u6570\u7406\u7edf\u8ba1</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\uff1a\u8bfb\u8fc7\u7684\u4e66\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u3002</li> <li>\u6742\u9879\uff1a\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u653e\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"links/","title":"\u94fe\u63a5","text":"<p>\ud83d\udd17 \u94fe\u63a5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u795e\u5947\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u5c06\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e2d\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u94fe\u63a5\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u521b\u9020\u51fa\u65e0\u7a77\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u653e\u7f6e\u7684\u51fa\u7ad9\u94fe\u63a5\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7f51\u7ad9\u6210\u4e3a\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c06\u5e26\u6765\u4e00\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002</p> <p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u94fe\u63a5\u76ee\u524d\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u3002</p>"},{"location":"links/#_2","title":"\u6d59\u91cc\u7684\u524d\u8f88\u548c\u670b\u8f88\u4eec","text":"45gfg9 gg \u6d47\u7a9d \ud83d\ude0d \u6e90\u8679\u7ffc \u7ffc\u54e5\u888b\u888b\u7a9d \ud83e\udd7a sana sana\u9171 \ud83e\udd24 TH\u8ba0NK %%% \ud83d\ude1a TonyCrane / \u9e64\u7fd4\u4e07\u91cc xg \u6d47\u6b7b\u6211 \ud83e\udd24 Isshiki\u4fee \u4fee\u4f6c tql \ud83d\ude0d \u54b8\u9c7c\u6684 \u597d\u602a\u7684\u5b66\u957f \ud83e\udee8 \u91d1\u9c7c\u9a6c hls yyds\uff01\ud83e\udd70 yhwu-is wyyyyyyyyyds!\ud83d\ude18 HobbitQia \u634f\u634f\u5c0f Q \ud83d\ude0b"},{"location":"links/#_3","title":"\u9644\u4e2d\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u4eec","text":"Doubeecat zlgg \u592a\u5f3a\u60f9"},{"location":"links/#_4","title":"\u5176\u4ed6","text":"<p>\u975e\u5e38\u5389\u5bb3\u7684\u535a\u5ba2\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>NTU \u4e00\u4f4d\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u7b14\u8bb0<ul> <li>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u771f\u7684\u5f88\u5f3a\uff0c\u8986\u76d6\u4e86\u6211\u6240\u6709\u60f3\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6808\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul>"},{"location":"projects/","title":"\u9879\u76ee\u5217\u8868","text":"<p>\u65e5\u62f1\u4e00\u5352</p> <p>\u60f3\u8981\u771f\u6b63\u5730\u638c\u63e1\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5176\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u5f0f\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u6301\u4e45\u7684\u3002\u575a\u6301\u4ee5\u201c\u65e5\u62f1\u4e00\u5352\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u524d\u8fdb\u3002</p>"},{"location":"projects/#mit-web-development-crash-course","title":"MIT Web Development Crash Course","text":"<p>MIT \u5f00\u8bbe\u7684 Web \u5f00\u53d1\u901f\u6210\u8bfe\uff0c\u603b\u8ba1\u65f6\u957f\u4e24\u4e2a\u6708\u3002</p>"},{"location":"projects/#linux","title":"Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u67b6\u8bbe","text":"<p>\u7b14\u8bb0\u94fe\u63a5\uff1aLinuxServer</p>"},{"location":"projects/#latex","title":"\u5b8c\u5584 LaTeX \u7b14\u8bb0","text":"<p>\u6839\u636e Overleaf \u6559\u7a0b\u5b8c\u6574\u8fdb\u884c LaTeX \u5b66\u4e60\u3002</p> Date Done 5.9 \u6587\u6863\u7ed3\u6784-\u5206\u533a\u3001\u4ea4\u53c9\u5f15\u7528"},{"location":"projects/#_2","title":"\u91cd\u65b0\u6574\u7406\u300a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b\u7b14\u8bb0","text":"<p>\u300a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b\u5bf9\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5b66\u79d1\u603b\u4f53\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u8ff0\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u591a\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u5728\u6211\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u5b66\u751f\u5e94\u8be5\u5148\u5b66\u4e60\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u95e8\u5bfc\u8bba\u8bfe\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u5bf9\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3001\u7406\u89e3\u76f8\u5173\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8fdb\u884c\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8bed\u8a00\u7b49\u3002</p> <p>\u9879\u76ee\u8fdb\u5ea6\uff1a</p> Date Done 4.20 Ch 1-3"},{"location":"projects/#c","title":"C \u9677\u9631\u4e0e\u7f3a\u9677","text":"<p>\u7b14\u8bb0\u94fe\u63a5\uff1aCTP.md</p> Date Done 4.30 0-3.6"},{"location":"stack/","title":"\u6280\u672f\u6808","text":"<p>Info</p> <ul> <li>Developer Roadmaps</li> <li>Wikipedia: Computer Science</li> </ul> <p>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5b66\u79d1\u535a\u5927\u7cbe\u6df1\uff0c\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6808\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u6c99\u5b50\u9020\u8d77\uff0c\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u201c\u5168\u6808\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u201d\u3002\u80fd\u638c\u63e1\u5176\u95f4\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u975e\u5e38\u5389\u5bb3\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6280\u672f\u6808\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u6d45\u8584\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u7c7b\u5806\u653e\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u76ee\u6807\u3002</p> <p>Tip</p> <p> \u543e\u751f\u4e5f\u6709\u6daf\uff0c\u800c\u77e5\u4e5f\u65e0\u6daf\u3002\u4ee5\u6709\u6daf\u968f\u65e0\u6daf\uff0c\u6b86\u5df2\uff01\u5df2\u800c\u4e3a\u77e5\u8005\uff0c\u6b86\u800c\u5df2\u77e3\uff01 </p>"},{"location":"stack/#_2","title":"\u57fa\u7840","text":"<ul> <li> \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\uff08Fundations Of Computer Science\uff09<ul> <li>\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u5b66\u751f\u5e94\u8be5\u4e0a\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u95e8\u8bfe\uff0c\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u5c06\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul> \u6559\u7a0b <p>\u6559\u7a0b\u5e76\u4e0d\u5f52\u5728\u6280\u672f\u6808\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u61d2\u5f97\u5efa\u535a\u5ba2\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u89c9\u5f97\u6559\u7a0b\u4e5f\u4f1a\u9891\u7e41\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u5c31\u653e\u5728\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u60f9\u3002</p> <ul> <li>Windows \u8fdc\u7a0b\u684c\u9762\u6559\u7a0b</li> <li>\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7efc\u5408\u6559\u7a0b</li> <li>Linux \u4ece\u5c0f\u767d\u5230\u83dc\u9e21 \u6b63\u5728\u72ec\u7acb\u7684 GitHub \u4ed3\u5e93\u7f16\u5199\u4e2d</li> <li>Linux \u4ece\u83dc\u9e21\u5230\u4e13\u5bb6 \u6574\u7406\u4e2d</li> <li>Linux \u6df1\u5165\u6e90\u7801 \u7b49\u5f85\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d</li> </ul>"},{"location":"stack/#web","title":"Web \u5f00\u53d1","text":"<ul> <li> <p> \u7f51\u7edc\u6280\u672f\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd0\u7ef4</p> <ul> <li> HTTP</li> <li> TCP/IP</li> <li> Nginx</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p> \u524d\u7aef</p> <ul> <li> HTML</li> <li> CSS</li> <li> JavaScript</li> <li> React</li> </ul> </li> <li> \u540e\u7aef</li> </ul>"},{"location":"stack/#_3","title":"\u7406\u8bba\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66","text":"<ul> <li> \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u7b97\u6cd5</li> <li> \u8ba1\u7b97\u7406\u8bba</li> <li> \u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u4e0e\u7f16\u7801\u7406\u8bba</li> <li> \u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668</li> <li> \u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5</li> </ul>"},{"location":"stack/#_4","title":"\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf","text":"<ul> <li> \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5de5\u7a0b</li> <li> \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf</li> <li> \u5e76\u53d1\u3001\u5e76\u884c\u4e0e\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf</li> <li> \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc</li> <li> \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\u5b66</li> <li> \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u6570\u636e\u6316\u6398</li> </ul>"},{"location":"stack/#_5","title":"\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd","text":"<ul> <li> \u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u57fa\u7840\uff08\u57fa\u7840\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u3001\u6570\u5b66\u5206\u6790\uff09</li> </ul>"},{"location":"stack/#_6","title":"\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5e94\u7528\u6280\u672f","text":"<ul> <li> \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u56fe\u5f62\u5b66\u548c\u89c6\u89c9</li> <li> \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5de5\u7a0b</li> </ul>"},{"location":"tags/","title":"\u6807\u7b7e","text":"<p>\u672c\u9875\u9762\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u9875\u9762\u63d0\u4f9b\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4efb\u52a1\u770b\u677f\u3002</p>"},{"location":"tags/#ongoing","title":"Ongoing","text":"<ul> <li>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\uff1a\u81ea\u9876\u5411\u4e0b\u65b9\u6cd5</li> <li>Linux \u5e94\u7528\u5927\u5168\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u67b6\u8bbe</li> <li>\u7cbe\u901a Git</li> <li>Ch2. \u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u8868\u793a\u548c\u5904\u7406</li> <li>Ch3. \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7ea7\u8868\u793a</li> <li>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\uff08\u7b2c\u56db\u7248\uff09</li> <li>Appendix E: Boolen Algebra and Logic Circuits</li> <li>Ch. 1-4 Intro, Number, Data and Operation</li> <li>Ch9. Programming Language</li> <li>Lecture 02: Bits, Bytes, and Ints; Floating Point</li> <li>HTML \u57fa\u7840</li> </ul>"},{"location":"tags/#todo","title":"Todo","text":"<ul> <li>Python \u7f16\u7a0b\uff1a\u4ece\u5165\u95e8\u5230\u5b9e\u8df5</li> <li>\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6</li> </ul>"},{"location":"tags/#doing","title":"doing","text":"<ul> <li>\u7c7b\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406</li> </ul>"},{"location":"tags/#todo_1","title":"todo","text":"<ul> <li>\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5</li> <li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/","title":"\u56fe\u4e66\u9986","text":"<p>\u7535\u5b50\u56fe\u4e66\u9986</p> <p>\u6b22\u8fce\u53c2\u89c2\u6211\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\uff1alib.bowling233.top\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u4e3b\u8981\u5b58\u653e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5b66\u79d1\u4e66\u7c4d\u3002</p> <p>\u672c\u5206\u533a\u5b58\u653e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bfb\u4e66\u7b14\u8bb0\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/#_2","title":"\u5df2\u5b8c\u6210","text":"<ul> <li>Python \u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u57fa\u7840</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/#_3","title":"\u8fdb\u884c\u4e2d","text":"<ul> <li>\u5e76\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5bfc\u8bba</li> <li>C \u9677\u9631\u4e0e\u7f3a\u9677</li> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5\u7ade\u8d5b\u5165\u95e8\u7ecf\u5178</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/#_4","title":"\u6682\u505c\u4e2d","text":"<ul> <li>\u7cbe\u901a Git</li> <li>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/#_5","title":"\u8ba1\u5212\u9605\u8bfb","text":""},{"location":"books/AIPP/","title":"\u5e76\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5bfc\u8bba","text":"<p>An Introduction to Parallel Programming</p>"},{"location":"books/AIPP/#ch1-why-parallel-programming","title":"Ch1. Why Parallel Programming?","text":"<p>This chapter mainly describes the reasons for parallel programming, the development of parallel programming, and the basic concepts of parallel programming.</p> <ul> <li>Rather than building ever-faster, more complex, monolithic processors, the industry has decided to put multiple, relatively simple, complete processors on a single chip. Such integrated circuits are called multicore processors, and core has become synonymous with central processing unit, or CPU.</li> </ul> <p>Compute n values and add them together</p> <p>Method 1:</p> <ul> <li>I have \\(p\\) cores, so I will divide the work into \\(p\\) pieces. Each core can form a partial sum of approximately \\(n/p\\) values.</li> <li>They send their partial sums to a single core, which adds them together.</li> </ul> <p>Method 2:</p> <ul> <li>Instead of making the master core do all the work of computing the final sum, we can pair the cores so that while core 0 adds in the result of core 1, core 2 can add in the result of core 3, core 4 can add in the result of core 5 and so on.</li> </ul> <p>Compare:</p> <ul> <li>When \\(n\\) is large, method 2 is better. The first method require 999 receives and adds, while the second method requires only 10.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>Two approaches to parallel programming: <ul> <li>Task-parallelism</li> <li>Data-parallelism</li> <li>Explanaition: The first part of global sum example is task-parallelism, each core carries out roughtly the same oprations on its assigned elements. And the second part is data-parallelism, receiving and adding the cores' partial sums.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>Writing actual code for parallel programs is relatively complex.</p> <ul> <li>Communication: cores communicate with each other.</li> <li>Load balancing: the work is divided evenly among the cores.</li> <li>Synchronization: cores must wait for each other at certain points in the program.</li> </ul> <p>Things we will learn:</p> <ul> <li>Three different extensions to C:<ul> <li>OpenMP</li> <li>MPI</li> <li>Pthreads</li> </ul> </li> <li>Two main types of parallel systems:<ul> <li>Shared-memory systems<ul> <li>cores can share access to the computer\u2019s memory</li> </ul> </li> <li>Distributed-memory systems<ul> <li>each core has its own, private memory, and the cores must communicate explicitly by doing something like sending messages across a network</li> </ul> </li> <li>Pthreads and OpenMP were designed for programming shared-memory systems. They provide mechanisms for accessing shared-memory locations. MPI, on the other hand, was designed for programming distributed-memory systems. It provides mechanisms for sending messages.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>And we distinguish between three terms:</p> <ul> <li>Concurrent: a program is one in which multiple tasks can be in progress at any instant.</li> <li>Parallel: a program is one in which multiple tasks cooperate closely to solve a problem.</li> <li>Distributed: a program may need to cooperate with other programs to solve a problem.</li> </ul> <p>A Word of Warning</p> <p>It may be tempting to write parallel programs \u201cby the seat of your pants,\u201d without taking the trouble to carefully design and incrementally develop your program. This will almost certainly be a mistake.</p> <p>Every parallel program contains at least one serial program. Since we almost always need to coordinate the actions of multiple cores, writing parallel programs is almost always more complex than writing a serial program that solves the same problem. In fact, it is often far more complex. All the rules about careful design and development are usually far more important for the writing of parallel programs than they are for serial programs.</p>"},{"location":"books/AIPP/#exercise-answers","title":"Exercise Answers","text":"1.3 Global sum <p>variables:</p> <ul> <li><code>core_nums</code>: number of cores</li> <li><code>core_index</code>: index of core</li> <li><code>divisor</code>: determine whether to send or receive data</li> <li><code>core_difference</code>: determine which core to cooperate with</li> </ul> round send core receive core divisor core_difference 1 1 = 0 + 1 0 = 0 * 2 2 1 2 2 = 0 + 2 0 = 0 * 4 4 2 3 4 = 0 + 4 0 = 0 * 8 8 4 pseduocode<pre><code>while divisor != core_num\n{\n    if(!core_index % divisor)\n        receive data from core_index + core_difference\n        sum together\n    else\n        send data to core_index - core_difference\n    divisor *= 2\n    core_difference *= 2\n}\n</code></pre> 1.4 Bitmask implementation pseduocode<pre><code>while bitmask != core_num\n{\n    if(!core_index % bitmask)\n        receive data from core_index ^ bitmask\n        sum together\n    else\n        send data to core_index ^ bitmask\n    bitmask &lt;&lt; 1\n}\n</code></pre> 1.5 Odd cores <p>Only need to modify condition of <code>while</code> loop and check number before receive data.</p> divisor versionbitmask version pseduocode<pre><code>while true\n{\n    if(!core_index % divisor)\n        receive data from core_index + core_difference\n        sum together\n    else\n        send data to core_index - core_difference\n\n\n    if(divisor &gt;= core_num) break;\n    divisor *= 2\n    core_difference *= 2\n}\n</code></pre> pseduocode<pre><code>while true\n{\n    if(!core_index % bitmask)\n        receive data from core_index ^ bitmask\n        sum together\n    else\n        send data to core_index ^ bitmask\n    if(bitmask &gt;= core_num)\n    bitmask &lt;&lt; 1\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"books/AIPP/#ch2-parallel-hardware-and-parallel-software","title":"Ch2. Parallel Hardware and Parallel Software","text":"<p>First time read</p> <p>I skipped these contents when I read this chapter for the first time:</p> <ul> <li>Modifications to the von Neumann Model</li> <li>SIMD Systems</li> <li>Interconnection Networks</li> </ul> <p>Notes for these contents can be seen in CSAPP.</p>"},{"location":"books/AIPP/#21-background","title":"2.1 Background","text":"<ul> <li>von Neumann architecture<ul> <li>What's the von Neumann bottleneck?</li> </ul> </li> <li>Concepts of processes, multitasking, and threads<ul> <li>From the perspective of the operating system, a process contains of what?<ul> <li>Executable code, block of memory (what's in it?), descriptor, security information, state.</li> </ul> </li> <li>Some terminology: block, fork, join</li> </ul> </li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/AIPP/#22-modifications-to-the-von-neumann-model","title":"2.2 Modifications to the von Neumann Model","text":"<ul> <li>Caching (CPU Cache)<ul> <li>Terminology: <ul> <li>spatial locality, temporal locality</li> <li>cache miss</li> <li>write-through, write-back</li> </ul> </li> <li>In which way will data be cached?</li> <li>When CPU needs access to some data, how will it work?</li> <li>What causes the inconsistency between cache and main memory?</li> </ul> </li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/AIPP/#23-parallel-hardware","title":"2.3 Parallel Hardware","text":"<ul> <li> <p>MIMD system</p> <ul> <li>They are asynchronous.</li> <li>Shared-memory system:<ul> <li>communicate by accessing shared data structure</li> <li>interconnect connect all the processors to main memory or a block of memory</li> <li>Uniform Memory Access, Nonuniform Memory Access</li> </ul> </li> <li>Distributed-memory system:<ul> <li>communicate by sending messages or special functions that provide access to the memory of another processor</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>Interconnection</p> </li> </ul> <p>(Skipped, but remember to read back again.)</p> <ul> <li>Cache coherence<ul> <li>Why cache inconsistency happens both in write-through and write-back policy?</li> </ul> </li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/AIPP/#ch3-distributed-memory-programming-with-mpi","title":"Ch3. Distributed-Memory Programming with MPI","text":"<ul> <li>What is MPI? What do we use it for?</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/AIPP/#31-getting-started","title":"3.1 Getting Started","text":"<p>Configuring Environment</p> <p>Refer to HPC-101 Lab 1. Notes are here.</p> <ul> <li> <p>Some concepts:</p> <ul> <li>communicator: a group of processes that can communicate with each other. All MPI function that involve communication have a communicator argument.</li> <li>collective communication: a communication that involves all processes in a communicator</li> <li>butterfly: a communication pattern, reverse the branches to distribute data</li> <li>broadcast: data belonging to a single process is sent to all of the processes in the communicator</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>Basic Structure of MPI program:</p> </li> </ul> Basic Structure of MPI program<pre><code>#include &lt;mpi.h&gt;\nint main(int argc, char *argv[])\n{\nint my_rank, p;\nMPI_Init(&amp;argc, &amp;argv);\nMPI_Comm_rank(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &amp;my_rank);\nMPI_Comm_size(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &amp;p);\n/* do some work */\nMPI_Finalize();\nreturn 0;\n}\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>Basic Commands for MPI Programs:<ul> <li><code>mpicc</code>: compile MPI programs<ul> <li>a wrapper for <code>gcc</code></li> </ul> </li> <li><code>mpiexec</code> and <code>mpirun</code>: run MPI programs (they are synonyms to each other)<ul> <li><code>-n &lt;num&gt;</code>: specify the number of processes</li> <li><code>--hostfile &lt;filename&gt;</code>: specify the hostfile</li> <li>More on Open MPI documentation</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> Tools for clusters <ul> <li><code>scp</code>: tools for transferring files<ul> <li><code>-r</code>: recursive (copy directory with multiple files)</li> <li><code>-P</code>: port</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>Example:</p> <pre><code>scp [other options] [source username@IP]:/[directory and file name] [destination username@IP]:/[destination directory]\nscp /users/Hostinger/desktop/scp.zip root@191.162.0.2:/writing/article\nscp -r /users/Hostinger/desktop root@191.162.0.2:/writing/article\n</code></pre> <p>I also wrote a Python script to send files to clusters:</p> send_file.sh<pre><code>#!/usr/bin/env python3\nimport sys\nimport os\n\nfor i in range(3, len(sys.argv)):\n    os.system(\"scp \" + sys.argv[1] + \" \" + sys.argv[i] + \":\" + sys.argv[2])\n</code></pre> <p>Usage:</p> <pre><code>./send_file.sh file /path/to/dest vm1 vm2 ...\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>Ref to functions:</li> </ul> must include<pre><code>int MPI_Init(\nint *argc_p /* in/out */,\nchar ***argv /* in/out */);\nint MPI_Finalize(void);\n</code></pre> <p><code>MPI_Init</code> defines a communicator called <code>MPI_COMM_WORLD</code> that contains all the processes started by the user.</p> about communicator<pre><code>int MPI_Comm_size(\nMPI_Comm comm /* in */,\nint *comm_sz_p /* out */);\nint MPI_Comm_rank(\nMPI_Comm comm /* in */,\nint *my_rank_p /* out */);\n</code></pre> <p>The two function is getting information about <code>MPI_COMM_WORLD</code>.</p> send and receive<pre><code>int MPI_Send(\nvoid *buf /* in\uff0cpoints to the data to be sent */,\nint count /* in, number of objects */,\nMPI_Datatype datatype /* in, type of objects, correspond to C basic data type */,\nint dest /* in, the rank of the process that receive the message */,\nint tag /* in, distinguish messages that are otherwise identical */,\nMPI_Comm comm /* in */);\nint MPI_Recv(\nvoid *buf /* out */,\nint count /* in */,\nMPI_Datatype datatype /* in */,\nint source /* in, MPI_ANY_SOURCE can be used */,\nint tag /* in, MPI_ANY_TAG can be used */,\nMPI_Comm comm /* in */,\nMPI_Status *status /* out, usually won't use, just pass MPI_STATUS_IGNORE */);\nint MPI_Get_count(\nMPI_Status* status_p /* in */,\nMPI_Datatype type /* in */,\nint * count_p /* out */);\n</code></pre> <p>About wildcard arguments</p> <ul> <li>ONLY ONE RECIVER can use a wildcard argument.</li> </ul> <ul> <li><code>status_p</code> argument<ul> <li><code>MPI_Status</code> is a struct with at least three members: <code>MPI_SOURCE</code>, <code>MPI_TAG</code>, <code>MPI_ERROR</code>.</li> <li>We can determine the sender by <code>MPI_SOURCE</code> and <code>MPI_TAG</code>.</li> </ul> </li> <li><code>MPI_Get_count()</code> is used to get the amount of data that's been received.</li> </ul> <p>HANG</p> <p>If a process tries to receive a message and there's no matching send, then the process will block forever. If send don't match, it will block too.</p> <p>What happens when you send message?</p> <ul> <li>Sending process assemble the message with information about the destination process, tag, size and etc.</li> <li>Two ways to send messages: buffer and block.</li> <li>Buffer: place the message into its own internal storage, and the call will return.</li> <li>Block: wait until it can begin transmitting the message.</li> <li>So, when function returns, we don't know whether the message has been transmitted, only know that the storage for the message (buffer) is available for reuse.</li> <li>Typical implementations have default \"cutoff\" message size. If less, it will buffer, or it will block.</li> <li>Messages from one process are nonovertaking.</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/AIPP/#34-collective-communication","title":"3.4 Collective Communication","text":"collective communication<pre><code>int MPI_Reduce( // reduce data from all processes to one process\nvoid *input_data_p /* in */,\nvoid *output_data_p /* out */,\nint count /* in */,\nMPI_Datatype datatype /* in */,\nMPI_Op operator /* in */,\nint dest_process /* in */,\nMPI_Comm comm /* in */);\nint MPI_Allreduce( // reduce data from all processes to all processes\nvoid *input_data_p /* in */,\nvoid *output_data_p /* out */,\nint count /* in */,\nMPI_Datatype datatype /* in */,\nMPI_Op operator /* in */,\nMPI_Comm comm /* in */);\nint MPI_Bcast( // broadcast data from one process to all processes\nvoid *data_p /* in/out */,\nint count /* in */,\nMPI_Datatype datatype /* in */,\nint source_proc /* in */,\nMPI_Comm comm /* in */);\n\nint MPI_Scatter( // scatter data from one process to all processes\nvoid *send_buf_p /* in */,\nint send_count /* in, NOTICE HERE counts for the amount of data going to each process */,\nMPI_Datatype send_type /* in */,\nvoid *recv_buf_p /* out */,\nint recv_count /* in */,\nMPI_Datatype recv_type /* in */,\nint src_proc /* in */,\nMPI_Comm comm /* in */);\nint MPI_Gather( // gather data from all processes to one process\nvoid *send_buf_p /* in */,\nint send_count /* in */,\nMPI_Datatype send_type /* in */,\nvoid *recv_buf_p /* out */,\nint recv_count /* in, NOTICE HERE counts for the number of data items received from each process */,\nMPI_Datatype recv_type /* in */,\nint dest_proc /* in */,\nMPI_Comm comm /* in */);\nint MPI_Allgather( // gather data from all processes to all processes\nvoid *send_buf_p /* in */,\nint send_count /* in */,\nMPI_Datatype send_type /* in */,\nvoid *recv_buf_p /* out */,\nint recv_count /* in */,\nMPI_Datatype recv_type /* in */,\nMPI_Comm comm /* in */);\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>Key is the fifth argument <code>operator</code>.<ul> <li>Find: <code>MPI_MAX</code>, <code>MPI_MIN</code>, <code>MPI_MAXLOC</code>, <code>MPI_MINLOC</code> </li> <li>Compute: <code>MPI_SUM</code>, <code>MPI_PROD</code></li> <li>Bitwise: <code>MPI_BAND</code>, <code>MPI_BOR</code>, <code>MPI_BXOR</code></li> <li>Logical: <code>MPI_LAND</code>, <code>MPI_LOR</code>, <code>MPI_LXOR</code></li> <li>You can define yourself.</li> </ul> </li> <li>Difference between <code>MPI_Reduce</code> and <code>MPI_Allreduce</code>: <code>MPI_Reduce</code> have <code>dest_process</code> argument, and <code>MPI_Allreduce</code> doesn't.</li> </ul> <p>Read the example</p> <p>Please read the example <code>vector.c</code> and make sure you understand each line of code.</p>"},{"location":"books/AIPP/#35-mpi-derived-datatypes","title":"3.5 MPI Derived Datatypes","text":"<ul> <li>To improve the performance of our program, we can reduce the total number of messages sent.</li> <li>A derived datatype consists of a sequence of basic MPI datatypes together with a displacement for each of the datatypes.</li> </ul> <pre><code>{(MPI_DOUBLE, 0), (MPI_DOUBLE, 16), (MPI_INT, 24)}\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>To create a derived datatype, we need to use <code>MPI_Type_create_struct()</code>.</li> </ul> create derived datatype<pre><code>int MPI_Type_create_struct(\nint count /* in, number of elements */,\nint array_of_blocklengths[] /* in, individual data items might be arrays or subarrays */,\nMPI_Aint array_of_displacements[] /* in, displacement of each elements */,\nMPI_Datatype array_of_types[] /* in, type of each block */,\nMPI_Datatype *new_type_p /* out */);\nint MPI_Type_commit(\nMPI_Datatype *new_mpi_t_p /* in/out */);\nint MPI_Type_free(\nMPI_Datatype *old_mpi_t_p /* in/out */);\n</code></pre> <ul> <li><code>MPI_Aint</code> is big enough to store any address on the system.</li> <li>In our example, the call is:</li> </ul> <pre><code>MPI_Type_create_struct(3, {1, 1, 1}, {0, 16, 24}, {MPI_DOUBLE, MPI_DOUBLE, MPI_INT}, &amp;new_type);\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>To find displacement of a variable, we can use <code>MPI_Get_address()</code>.</li> </ul> get address of a variable<pre><code>int MPI_Get_address(\nvoid *location_p /* in */,\nMPI_Aint *address_p /* out */);\n\nMPI_Aint, a_addr, b_addr, n_addr;\nMPI_Get_address(&amp;a, &amp;a_addr);\narray_of_displacements[0] = 0;\nMPI_Get_address(&amp;b, &amp;b_addr);\narray_of_displacements[1] = b_addr - a_addr;\nMPI_Get_address(&amp;n, &amp;n_addr);\narray_of_displacements[2] = n_addr - a_addr;\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"books/Algorithm/","title":"\u7b97\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u6458\u8981</p> <p>\u8be5\u7bc7\u7b14\u8bb0\u662f\u591a\u672c\u7b97\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u6559\u6750\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u5408\u96c6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u300a\u7b97\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c\u56db\u7248</li> <li>\u300a\u7b97\u6cd5\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b\u7b2c\u4e09\u7248</li> <li></li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Algorithm/#_2","title":"\u7b97\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u57fa\u7840","text":"<p>\u5728\u7b97\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u57fa\u7840\u8fd9\u5757\uff0c\u300a\u7b97\u6cd5\u300b\u66f4\u6ce8\u91cd\u4e8e\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u8bb2\u89e3\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u6570\u636e\u62bd\u8c61\u3001API \u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u5219\u4f7f\u7528\u56fe\u50cf\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u7ed9\u8bfb\u8005\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u3002\u300a\u7b97\u6cd5\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b\u5219\u5bf9\u7b97\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u63cf\u8ff0\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e25\u8c28\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u63a8\u5bfc\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Algorithm/#_3","title":"\u6570\u636e\u62bd\u8c61","text":"<p>\u300a\u7b97\u6cd5\u300b\u8981\u6c42\u5bf9\u4e09\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e86\u89e3\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u80cc\u5305<ul> <li>\u76ee\u7684\uff1a\u6536\u96c6\u5143\u7d20\u5e76\u8fed\u4ee3\u6240\u6709\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u5143\u7d20</li> <li>\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u5220\u9664</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u961f\u5217<ul> <li>\u5148\u8fdb\u5148\u51fa\u7b56\u7565</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u6808<ul> <li>\u540e\u8fdb\u5148\u51fa\u7b56\u7565</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u53cc\u6808\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6c42\u503c</p> <p>\u7531 Dijkstra \u53d1\u660e\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6808\u4fdd\u5b58\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6808\u4fdd\u5b58\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5c06\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u538b\u5165\u6808</li> <li>\u5c06\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u538b\u5165\u6808</li> <li>\u5ffd\u7565\u5de6\u62ec\u53f7</li> <li>\u9047\u5230\u53f3\u62ec\u53f7\uff0c\u5f39\u51fa\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u548c\u6240\u9700\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\uff0c\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u538b\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u6808</li> </ul> <p>\u663e\u7136\u8be5\u7b97\u6cd5\u8981\u6c42\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5df2\u7ecf\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528\u62ec\u53f7\u62ec\u8d77</p>"},{"location":"books/CNATDA2/","title":"\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\uff1a\u81ea\u9876\u5411\u4e0b\u65b9\u6cd5","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/CNATDA2/#ch2","title":"Ch2. \u5e94\u7528\u5c42","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <ul> <li>\u5b9a\u4e49\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u5ba2\u6237\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u8fd0\u8f93\u5c42\u63a5\u53e3</li> <li>\u51e0\u79cd\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1aWeb\u3001\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u3001DNS\u3001\u5bf9\u7b49\u6587\u4ef6\u5206\u53d1\u548c\u89c6\u9891\u6d41</li> <li>\u5f00\u53d1\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u5728 TCP \u548c UDP \u4e0a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/CNATDA2/#21","title":"2.1 \u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u539f\u7406","text":"<p>\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u8fd0\u884c\u5728 Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u7684 Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7a0b\u5e8f</li> <li>\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u7528\u6237\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7a0b\u5e8f</li> </ul> <p>\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u5ba2\u6237-\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784<ul> <li>\u4e00\u4e2a\u603b\u662f\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u79f0\u4e3a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u6765\u81ea\u5176\u4ed6\u79f0\u4e3a\u5ba2\u6237\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002</li> <li>\u7279\u5f81\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5177\u6709\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u3001\u5468\u77e5\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u603b\u662f\u80fd\u5411\u8be5 IP \u53d1\u9001\u5206\u7ec4\u4e0e\u5176\u8054\u7cfb\u3002</li> <li>\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1aWeb\u3001FTP\u3001Telnet\u3001\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u5bf9\u7b49\uff08P2P\uff09\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784<ul> <li>\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u95f4\u65ad\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u5bf9\u4e4b\u95f4\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u4fe1\u3002</li> <li>\u6d41\u91cf\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u5927\u591a\u662f P2P \u7684\u3002</li> <li>\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u5171\u4eab\uff08BT\uff09\u3001\u5bf9\u7b49\u534f\u52a9\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5668\uff08\u8fc5\u96f7\uff09\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u7535\u8bdd\u548c\u89c6\u9891\u4f1a\u8bae\uff08Skype\uff09\u3002</li> <li>\u7279\u6027\uff1a\u81ea\u6269\u5c55\u6027</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u6df7\u5408\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784<ul> <li>\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a\u5373\u65f6\u8baf\u606f\u5e94\u7528</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7aef\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u4ea4\u6362\u62a5\u6587\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u8baf\u3002\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u4e00\u5bf9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u4f1a\u8bdd\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u603b\u662f\u80fd\u5c06\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u5ba2\u6237\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u53d1\u8d77\u901a\u4fe1\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u662f\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u4f1a\u8bdd\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\u7b49\u5f85\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u8fc7\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\uff08socket\uff09\u63a5\u53e3\u5411\u7f51\u7edc\u53d1\u9001\u62a5\u6587\u3001\u4ece\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u6536\u62a5\u6587\u3002\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u63a5\u53e3\u7531\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u4e0b\u5c42\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u63a7\u5236\u6743\uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u8fd0\u8f93\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u7b49\uff09\u3002</p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u4e24\u79cd\u4fe1\u606f\u624d\u80fd\u5c06\u5206\u7ec4\u9001\u8fbe\u76ee\u6807\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff1aIP \u5730\u5740</li> <li>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8868\u793a\uff1a\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7</li> </ul> <p>\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u8bc6\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002</p> <p>\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u8fd0\u8f93\u5c42\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u8981\u6c42\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u53ef\u9760\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93<ul> <li>\u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u5e94\u7528\u5927\u591a\u662f\u80fd\u5fcd\u53d7\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u541e\u5410\u91cf<ul> <li>\u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u5e94\u7528\u5927\u591a\u662f\u5e26\u5bbd\u654f\u611f\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u534f\u8bae\u65e0\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ea\u80fd\u9009\u62e9\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u6216\u653e\u5f03\u53d1\u9001\u3002</li> <li>\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5f39\u6027\u5e94\u7528\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u5b9a\u65f6<ul> <li>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u5b9a\u65f6\u6307\u7684\u662f\u65f6\u5ef6\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u5b89\u5168\u6027</li> </ul> <p>\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u7684 TCP/IP \u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fd0\u8f93\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\uff1aUDP \u548c TCP\u3002</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/CTP/","title":"C \u9677\u9631\u4e0e\u7f3a\u9677","text":"<p>C Traps and Pitfalls</p> \u51fa\u7248\u793e \u4f5c\u8005 \u539f\u4e66\u5e74\u4efd \u4eba\u6c11\u90ae\u7535\u51fa\u7248\u793e Andrew Koening 1989 <p>\u60f3\u8981\u5b66\u597d\u4e00\u95e8\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u9605\u8bfb\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u56fe\u4e66\uff1f\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u573a\u5408\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u90fd\u4f1a\u5411\u4ed6\u63a8\u8350\u5e02\u9762\u4e0a\u6700\u65b0\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u56fe\u4e66\u3002\u539f\u56e0\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u4ee5\u73b0\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u9886\u57df\u5185\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6bcf\u9694\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u672c\u6bd4\u8f83\u65b0\u7684\u56fe\u4e66\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u4f1a\u6bd4\u8f83\u8d34\u8fd1\u5f53\u524d\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u4e5f\u5c31\u80fd\u591f\u8ba9\u4f60\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u638c\u63e1\u6240\u8981\u5b66\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#ch0","title":"Ch0. \u5bfc\u8bfb","text":"<p>\u56de\u5fc6\uff1a\u8bcd\u6cd5\u3001\u8bed\u6cd5\u3001\u8bed\u4e49</p> <p>\u5728\u8fdb\u5165\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u7ae0\u8282\u524d\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u56de\u987e\u4e00\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u300a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b\u7b2c 9 \u7ae0\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u5b66\u5230\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u6b65\u9aa4\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0b\u56db\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u7ec4\u6210\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u8bcd\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u5668</li> <li>\u8bed\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u5668</li> <li>\u8bed\u4e49\u5206\u6790\u5668</li> <li>\u7f16\u8bd1\u6a21\u5757</li> </ul> <p>\u8bf7\u56de\u5fc6\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u548c\u4f5c\u7528\u3002</p> <p>\u672c\u7ae0\u7b80\u5355\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5168\u4e66\u5404\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u5c06\u8981\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#ch1","title":"Ch1. \u8bcd\u6cd5\u9677\u9631","text":"<p>\u672c\u7ae0\u6211\u4eec\u5173\u6ce8\u5b57\u7b26\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u7ec4\u6210\u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u672f\u8bed token \uff08\u7b26\u53f7\uff09\u662f\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8868\u610f\u5355\u5143\u3002\u5b57\u7b26\u7ec4\u6210\u7b26\u53f7\u3002\u4f8b\u5b50: <code>-&gt;</code>\u3001<code>file</code> \u90fd\u662f\u7b26\u53f7.<ul> <li>\u540c\u4e00\u7ec4\u5b57\u7b26\u5e8f\u5217\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7b26\u53f7\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u51e0\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u8bf7\u601d\u8003\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff08\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff09\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#_1","title":"<code>=</code> \u4e0e <code>==</code> \u6df7\u7528","text":"<pre><code>while(c = ' ' || c == '\\t')\nc = getc(f);\n</code></pre> <pre><code>if((filedesc == open(argv[i], 0)) &lt; 0)\nerror();\n</code></pre> <p><code>open()</code> \u51fd\u6570</p> <p>\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\uff1a</p> <pre><code>#include &lt;fcntl.h&gt;\nint open(const char *pathname, int flags)\n</code></pre> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5728 Linux \u8fdb\u9636\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60\u5230\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u6709\u5173\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#_2","title":"\u8d2a\u5fc3\u6cd5","text":"<p>C \u7684\u8bcd\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u9075\u5faa\u8d2a\u5fc3\u6cd5\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u5b57\u7b26\u53ef\u80fd\u7ec4\u6210\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u518d\u8bfb\u5165\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8bfb\u5165\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u518d\u7ec4\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u4e3e\u51e0\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u6070\u5f53\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u6765\u8bf4\u660e\u8d2a\u5fc3\u6cd5\uff1a</p> <pre><code>a---b\na -- - b\na - -- b\n\ny = x/*p /* p point to the dividen */\ny = x / *p\n\nn--&gt;0\nn-- &gt;0\nn- -&gt; 0\n\na+++++b\n</code></pre> <p>\u8bf7\u601d\u8003\u4e0a\u9762\u51e0\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#_3","title":"\u6574\u5f62\u5e38\u91cf","text":"<ul> <li><code>10</code> \u4e0e <code>010</code> \u7684\u542b\u4e49\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u3002</li> <li>ANSI C \u4ee5\u540e\u7981\u6b62\u5728\u516b\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u7b26 <code>8</code> \u548c <code>9</code>\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u6df7\u7528\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u9700\u8981\u683c\u5f0f\u5bf9\u9f50\u65f6\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u4e0d\u8981\u4e3a\u6570\u5b57\u6dfb <code>0</code>\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u516b\u8fdb\u5236\u7ed3\u679c\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#_4","title":"\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u548c\u5b57\u7b26\u5e38\u91cf","text":"<p>\u5355\u5f15\u53f7\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u800c\u6574\u6570\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0816 \u4f4d\u6216 32 \u4f4d\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u5bb9\u7eb3\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b C \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5e38\u91cf\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u6ca1\u6709\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49</p> <pre><code>'yes'\n</code></pre> <p>\u6709\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u53ef\u80fd\u5ffd\u7565\u540e\u9762\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u53ef\u80fd\u7528\u540e\u9762\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u9010\u4e2a\u8986\u76d6\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u3002GCC \u548c Clang \u91c7\u7528\u540e\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#ch2","title":"Ch2. \u8bed\u6cd5\u9677\u9631","text":"<p>\u672c\u7ae0\u6211\u4eec\u5173\u6ce8\u7b26\u53f7\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u7ec4\u6210\u58f0\u660e\u3001\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3001\u8bed\u53e5\u548c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#_5","title":"\u51fd\u6570\u58f0\u660e","text":"<p>Question</p> <p>\u8bf7\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u4e2a C \u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u9996\u5730\u5740\u4e3a 0 \u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002</p> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6807\u51c6\u7b54\u6848\u662f <code>(*(void(*)())0)()</code>\u3002</p> <p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u89e3\u91ca\u8fd9\u4e00\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#_6","title":"\u58f0\u660e\u7684\u7ec4\u6210","text":"<p>\u672c\u4e66\u5c06\u58f0\u660e\u770b\u505a\u7531\uff1a\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u4e00\u7ec4\u7c7b\u4f3c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u58f0\u660e\u7b26\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u5bf9\u58f0\u660e\u7b26\u6c42\u503c\u65f6\u5e94\u5f53\u8fd4\u56de\u6307\u5b9a\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002</p> <ul> <li><code>float f, g</code> \u5bf9 <code>f</code> \u548c <code>g</code> \u6c42\u503c\u5e94\u8fd4\u56de <code>float</code></li> <li><code>float ff()</code> \u5bf9 <code>ff()</code> \u6c42\u503c\u5e94\u8fd4\u56de <code>float</code></li> <li><code>float *pf</code> \u5bf9 <code>*pf</code> \u6c42\u503c\u5e94\u8fd4\u56de <code>float</code></li> <li><code>float *g(), (*h)()</code> \u5bf9 <code>*(g())</code> \u548c <code>h()</code> \u6c42\u503c\u5e94\u8fd4\u56de <code>float</code> \uff08\u672c\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff09</li> </ul> <p>\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488</p> <p>\u5e94\u5f53\u59cb\u7ec8\u7406\u89e3\uff1a\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u5b9e\u9645\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u662f <code>(*fp)()</code>\u3002<code>fp()</code> \u53ea\u662f\u7b80\u5199\u3002\u5728\u58f0\u660e\u4e2d\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u524d\u4e00\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a <code>()</code> \u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u6bd4 <code>*</code> \u9ad8\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5fc5\u987b\u7528\u5706\u62ec\u53f7\u5c06\u6307\u9488 <code>(*fp)</code> \u62ec\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0cK&amp;R C \u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</p> <p>\u518d\u56de\u5fc6\u4e00\u4e9b\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee3\u8868\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5730\u5740</li> <li>\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u7c7b\u578b\u540d\u6700\u597d\u8fd9\u6837\u58f0\u660e\uff1a<code>V_FP_CHARP</code>\uff0c\u5373\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3001\u540d\u79f0\u3001\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#_7","title":"\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u7b26","text":"<p>\u628a\u58f0\u660e\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u53bb\u6389\uff0c\u518d\u7528\u62ec\u53f7\u5c01\u88c5\uff0c\u5c31\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u7b26\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5bf9\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4f8b\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>(float)</code></li> <li><code>(float (*)())</code></li> <li><code>(float *)</code></li> <li><code>(float *())</code>, <code>(float (*)())</code></li> </ul> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u60f3\u8c03\u7528\u5730\u5740\u4e3a 0 \u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8fd9\u6837\u60f3\uff1a</p> <pre><code>(*0)()\n</code></pre> <p>\u4f46\u662f\uff0c<code>0</code> \u5e94\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u5f3a\u5236\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u7b26\u662f\uff1a<code>(void(*)())</code></p> <p>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>typedef</code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u89e3\u51b3\u8be5\u95ee\u9898\uff1a</p> <pre><code>typedef void (*funcptr)();\n(*(funcptr)0)();\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#typedef","title":"\u7406\u89e3 <code>typedef</code>","text":"<p>\u672c\u4e66\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u58f0\u660e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e5f\u80fd\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3 <code>typedef</code>\uff1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u58f0\u660e\u8bed\u53e5\u524d\u9762\u52a0\u4e0a <code>typedef</code> \u5c31\u5c06\u8be5\u58f0\u660e\u7b26\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8be5\u58f0\u660e\u7b26\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u3002</p> <ul> <li><code>typedef float *pf</code> \u4e2d <code>pf</code> \u4ee3\u8868 <code>float *</code></li> <li><code>typedef float *g()</code> \u4e2d <code>g</code> \u4ee3\u8868 <code>float *()</code></li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#signal","title":"\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<code>signal()</code>","text":"<p><code>signal()</code> \u51fd\u6570</p> <p>\u58f0\u660e\u5728 <code>&lt;signal.h&gt;</code> \u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee3\u8868\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u6355\u83b7\u7684\u7279\u5b9a signal \u7684\u6574\u6570\u503c\uff0c\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406 signal \u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002</p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u4ece\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5f00\u59cb\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570\uff1a</p> <pre><code>void sigfunc(int);\n</code></pre> <p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06 <code>signal</code> \u51fd\u6570\u58f0\u660e\u4e3a\uff1a</p> <pre><code>void (*signal(int, void(*)(int)))(int);\n</code></pre> <p>\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a\u4f20\u9012 <code>(int, void(*)(int))</code> \u53c2\u6570\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528 <code>signal</code> \u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5bf9 <code>signal</code> \u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff08\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u7c7b\u578b\uff09\u89e3\u5f15\u7528\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f20\u9012\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u7ed9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u662f <code>void</code>\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#_8","title":"\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7","text":"<p>\uff08\u7565\uff09</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#_9","title":"\u5206\u53f7","text":"<p>\u6709\u51e0\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7684\u5206\u53f7\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u91cd\u5927\u95ee\u9898\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>if</code> \u548c <code>while</code> \u7b49\u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u7ed3\u5c3e</li> <li>\u4e0a\u9762\u8bed\u53e5\u548c <code>return</code> \u7684\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u5982\uff1a</li> </ul> <pre><code>if(n&lt;3)\nreturn\nlogrec.date = x[0];\nlogrec.time = x[1];\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>\u7ed3\u6784\u58f0\u660e\u7684\u7ed3\u5c3e\uff0c\u518d\u78b0\u5230\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a</li> </ul> <pre><code>struct logrec{\nint date;\n}\nmain ()\n{\n//...\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7ed3\u6784\u4f1a\u88ab\u5f53\u505a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#switch","title":"<code>switch</code> \u8bed\u53e5","text":"<p>\u6d3b\u7528 <code>switch</code> \u8bed\u53e5\u5904\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4\u6bd4\u8f83\u76f8\u8fd1\u7684\u5206\u652f\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#else","title":"\u60ac\u6302\u7684 <code>else</code> \u8bed\u53e5","text":"<p>\u7262\u8bb0\uff1a<code>else</code> \u4e0e\u62ec\u53f7\u5185\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a <code>if</code> \u5339\u914d\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u591a\u91cd\u9009\u62e9\u3001\u5d4c\u5957\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7528\u597d\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7\u5373\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u8be5\u9519\u8bef\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#ch3","title":"Ch3. \u8bed\u4e49\u9677\u9631","text":"<p>\u672c\u7ae0\u8003\u5bdf\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u663e\u5f97\u5408\u60c5\u5408\u7406\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6240\u6709 C \u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2d\u90fd\u662f\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#_10","title":"\u6307\u9488\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4","text":"<p>\u672c\u8282\u91cd\u70b9\u7406\u89e3\u6570\u7ec4\u540d\u4e0e\u6307\u9488\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0e\u6307\u9488\u7684\u8f6c\u5316\u3002</p> <ul> <li> <p>\u9664\u4e86\u88ab\u7528\u4f5c <code>sizeof</code> \u7684\u53c2\u6570\u8fd9\u4e00\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6570\u7ec4\u540d\u90fd\u4ee3\u8868\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002</p> <ul> <li> <p>\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u7ef4\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a</p> <pre><code>int calendar[12][31];\np = calendar;\n</code></pre> <p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 <code>calendar</code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002</p> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u8fd8\u6709 <code>&amp;array_name</code> \u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002</p> </li> <li>\u56e0\u4e3a <code>*(a+i)</code> \u4e0e <code>*(i+a)</code> \u542b\u4e49\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 <code>a[i]</code> \u4e0e <code>i[a]</code> \u76f8\u540c\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u65e5\u5386\u591a\u7ef4\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u4ece\u6765\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8fd9\u6837\u5199\u7684\u5faa\u73af\uff1a</p> <pre><code>int (*montp)[31];\nfor (monthp = calendar; monthp &lt; &amp;calendar[12]; monthp++){\nint *dayp;\nfor (dayp = *monthp; dayp &lt; &amp;(*monthp)[31]; dayp++)\n*dayp = 0;\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8e\u63ed\u793a\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0e\u6307\u9488\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\uff0c\u5343\u4e07\u4e0d\u8981\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#_11","title":"\u975e\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6307\u9488","text":"<p>\u672c\u8282\u4e3b\u8981\u8ba8\u8bba\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u7565\u8fc7\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#_12","title":"\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u58f0\u660e","text":"<p>\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u6beb\u65e0\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u5c06\u88ab\u81ea\u52a8\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6307\u5411\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002</p> <p>\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8bf7\u4e0d\u8981\u5047\u8bbe\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4e5f\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bed\u53e5\u6709\u7740\u5929\u58e4\u4e4b\u522b\uff1a</p> <pre><code>extern char *hello;\nextern char hello[];\n</code></pre> <p>Note</p> <p>\u7f16\u5199\u51fd\u6570\u58f0\u660e\u65f6\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u80fd\u6700\u6e05\u6670\u8868\u8fbe\u81ea\u5df1\u610f\u56fe\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#_13","title":"\u907f\u514d\u201c\u4e3e\u9685\u6cd5\u201d","text":"<p>\u4e3e\u9685\u6cd5\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\uff0c\u4ee5\u9690\u55bb\u8868\u793a\u6307\u4ee3\u7269\u4e0e\u88ab\u6307\u4ee3\u7269\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u672c\u8282\u4e3b\u8981\u8ba8\u8bba\u6df7\u6dc6\u6307\u9488\u548c\u6307\u9488\u6240\u6307\u5411\u6570\u636e\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u7565\u8fc7\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#_14","title":"\u7a7a\u6307\u9488\u4e0e\u7a7a\u4e32","text":"<p>\u6e05\u695a\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#_15","title":"\u8fb9\u754c\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0e\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\u8fb9\u754c","text":""},{"location":"books/DSAAC/","title":"\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u5206\u6790 C \u8bed\u8a00\u63cf\u8ff0","text":"<p>Data Structures and Algorithm Analysis in C, Second Edition</p> \u51fa\u7248\u793e \u4f5c\u8005 \u539f\u4e66\u5e74\u4efd \u673a\u68b0\u5de5\u4e1a\u51fa\u7248\u793e Mark Allen Weiss 1997"},{"location":"books/DSAAC/#ch1","title":"Ch1. \u5f15\u8a00","text":"<ul> <li> <p>\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5f15\u5165\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u5bfb\u627e\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7b2c k \u5927\u7684\u5143\u7d20<ul> <li>\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u964d\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\u53d6\u7b2c k \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002</li> <li>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u5c06\u5143\u7d20\u4f9d\u6b21\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a k \u7684\u964d\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5c0f\u4e8e\u672b\u4f4d\u5143\u7d20\u5219\u5ffd\u7565\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002</li> <li>\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\u4ecb\u7ecd</li> </ul> </li> <li>Word puzzle</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u56de\u5fc6\u4e00\u4e9b\u6570\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u51e0\u4f55\u7ea7\u6570\u3001\u7b49\u5dee\u6570\u5217\u3001\u5176\u4ed6\u5e38\u89c1\u7ea7\u6570\u7684\u6c42\u548c\u516c\u5f0f</li> <li>\u8bc1\u660e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u6570\u5b66\u5f52\u7eb3\u6cd5\u3001\u53cd\u8bc1\u6cd5\u3001\u4e3e\u53cd\u4f8b\u6cd5</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u9012\u5f52\u57fa\u7840\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u5fc5\u987b\u5177\u5907\u4e24\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a\u57fa\u672c\u60c5\u51b5\u548c\u9012\u5f52\u60c5\u51b5</li> <li>\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u505a\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff08\u6590\u6ce2\u90a3\u5951\u6570\u5217\uff09</li> <li>\u8bc1\u660e\u9012\u5f52\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5f52\u7eb3\u6cd5</li> </ul> </li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/DSAAC/#ch2","title":"Ch2. \u7b97\u6cd5\u5206\u6790","text":"<ul> <li>\u5f15\u5165\u8bb0\u53f7\uff1a<ul> <li>O\uff1a\u6e10\u8fdb\u4e0a\u754c</li> <li>\u03a9\uff1a\u6e10\u8fdb\u4e0b\u754c</li> <li>\u0398\uff1a\u6e10\u8fdb\u7d27\u5bc6\u754c</li> <li>o\uff1a\u6e10\u8fdb\u4e0a\u754c\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u7d27\u5bc6\u754c</li> <li>\u5b66\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528 \\(\\lim_{n \\to \\infty} \\frac{f(n)}{g(n)}\\) \u5224\u65ad\u6e10\u8fdb\u754c</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u4e09\u6761\u6cd5\u5219\uff1a<ul> <li>\u4e58\u6cd5\u6cd5\u5219\uff1a\\(T(n) = O(f(n)) * O(g(n)) = O(f(n) * g(n))\\)</li> <li>\u52a0\u6cd5\u6cd5\u5219\uff1a\\(T(n) = O(f(n)) + O(g(n)) = O(f(n) + g(n))\\)</li> <li>\u5bf9\u6570\u6cd5\u5219\uff1a\\(\\log^k N = O(N)\\)</li> <li></li> </ul> </li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/ECP/","title":"C \u4e13\u5bb6\u7f16\u7a0b","text":"<p>\u7b80\u4ecb</p> <p>\u672c\u4e66\u5177\u6709\u6d53\u539a\u7684\u82f1\u5f0f\u5e7d\u9ed8\u6c1b\u56f4\uff0c\u4e14\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e5f\u5c3d\u91cf\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u539f\u6587\u7684\u98ce\u683c\u3002\u4e0d\u8981\u5728\u610f\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u8c03\u4f83\u5c31\u597d\u5566\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/LinuxServer/","title":"Linux \u5e94\u7528\u5927\u5168\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u67b6\u8bbe","text":"\u51fa\u7248\u793e \u4f5c\u8005 \u5e74\u4efd \u4eba\u6c11\u90ae\u7535\u51fa\u7248\u793e \u65bc\u5cb3 2014 <p>\u672c\u4e66\u5148\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86 Linux \u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e86 OpenSSH\u3001DHCP\u3001Nginx \u7b49\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u6211\u53ea\u6311\u9009\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u81ea\u5df1\u9700\u8981\u7684\u7ae0\u8282\u3002</p> <p>\u9605\u8bfb\u672c\u4e66\u524d\uff0c\u8bfb\u8005\u5e94\u5f53\u5177\u6709\u57fa\u672c\u7684 Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f7f\u7528\u7ecf\u5386\uff0c\u5177\u5907\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/LinuxServer/#ch1-linux","title":"Ch1. Linux \u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e","text":"<p>\u672c\u4e66\u4f7f\u7528\u7684 Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248</p> <p>\u672c\u4e66\u4f7f\u7528\u7684 Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u5e94\u8be5\u662f CentOS / RHEL\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0 <code>/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0</code> \u5728 Debian \u7cfb\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u4e3a <code>/etc/NetworkManager/</code>\u3002\u5728 WSL \u4e2d\u5176\u8def\u5f84\u53c8\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u53d8\u5316\u3002</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/LinuxServer/#11","title":"1.1 \u7f16\u8f91\u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/LinuxServer/#_1","title":"\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u76f8\u5173","text":"<p>\u5728 Debian \u7c7b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728 <code>/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections</code> \u4e2d\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u56de\u8def IP \u5730\u5740\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002</p> <ul> <li><code>/etc/networks</code> \u7f51\u7edc\u540d\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</li> <li><code>/etc/protocols</code> \u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u548c\u534f\u8bae\u53f7\u3002</li> <li><code>/etc/services</code> \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3001\u7aef\u53e3/\u534f\u8bae\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u522b\u540d\u3001\u6ce8\u91ca\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002</li> </ul> /etc/services<pre><code>fsp 21/udp  fspd    #xxxx\n</code></pre>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/LinuxServer/#_2","title":"\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790\u76f8\u5173","text":"<ul> <li><code>/etc/resolv.conf</code> \u662f\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3001DNS \u641c\u7d22\u8def\u5f84\u7b49\u3002</li> <li><code>/etc/host.conf</code> \u6307\u5b9a\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u6790\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u3002</li> <li><code>/etc/hosts</code> \u5b58\u653e\u4e00\u4e9b\u5339\u914d\u4fe1\u606f\u3002</li> </ul> resolv.conf<pre><code>order bind, hosts\nmulti on\n</code></pre> <p><code>order</code> \u6307\u5b9a\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5148\u67e5\u8be2 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u518d\u67e5\u8be2 <code>/etc/hosts</code> \u6587\u4ef6\u3002</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/LinuxServer/#12-linux","title":"1.2 Linux \u7f51\u7edc\u547d\u4ee4","text":"<ul> <li><code>ping</code> \u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fde\u901a\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 ICMP \u534f\u8bae\u3002</li> <li><code>traceroute</code> \u6570\u636e\u5305\u5230\u8fbe\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u8def\u5f84</li> <li><code>mii-tool</code> \u67e5\u770b\u7f51\u5361\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u865a\u62df\u8bbe\u5907\u5982 <code>lo</code>\u3001<code>virbr0</code> \u7b49\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</li> <li><code>ifconfig</code> \u663e\u793a\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u3002</li> <li><code>ifdown</code> \u5173\u95ed\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3</li> <li><code>ifup</code> \u5f00\u542f\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3</li> </ul> <p>Tip</p> <p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u7684 <code>if</code> \u90fd\u662f interface \u7684\u7f29\u5199\u3002</p> <ul> <li><code>netstat</code> \u663e\u793a\u7f51\u7edc\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u8def\u7531\u8868\u3001\u63a5\u53e3\u7edf\u8ba1\u7b49\u3002</li> <li><code>arp</code> \u4fee\u6539 ARP \u7f13\u5b58\u6761\u76ee\u3002</li> </ul> <p>ARP Cache</p> <p>Address Resolution Protocol\uff0c\u5373 MAC \u5730\u5740\u89e3\u6790\u7f13\u5b58\u3002</p> <ul> <li><code>rpcinfo</code> \u663e\u793a\u4f7f\u7528 protmap \u6ce8\u518c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c RPC \u8c03\u7528\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<ul> <li>\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u5c5e\u4e8e <code>rpcbind</code> \u5305\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u6ca1\u6709\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b89\u88c5\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li><code>ip</code> \u64cd\u7eb5\u8def\u7531\u8bbe\u5907\u548c\u96a7\u9053\u7b49\u3002</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/LinuxServer/#_3","title":"\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u5177","text":"<p>\u7565\u8fc7</p> <p>\u6682\u65f6\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5b66\u4e60\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5148\u8df3\u8fc7\u5566~</p> <ul> <li><code>nmap</code></li> </ul> <p>Network Mapper \u7f51\u7edc\u6620\u5c04\u5668\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u7f51\u7edc\u63a2\u6d4b\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u6838\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u539f\u59cb IP \u62a5\u6587\u6765\u53d1\u73b0\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u4e3b\u673a\u3001\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ec0\u4e48\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u670d\u52a1\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u54ea\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668/\u9632\u706b\u5899\u3002</p> <ul> <li><code>tcpdump</code></li> </ul> <p>\u8fd9\u662f Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u53ef\u5c06\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u5934\u5b8c\u5168\u622a\u83b7\u4e0b\u6765\u63d0\u4f9b\u5206\u6790\u3002</p> <ul> <li>Wireshark</li> </ul> <p>\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5206\u6790\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/LinuxServer/#tcp-wrapper","title":"TCP Wrapper \u4fdd\u62a4\u673a\u5236","text":"<p>\u7565\u8fc7</p> <p>\u6682\u65f6\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5b66\u4e60\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5148\u8df3\u8fc7\u5566~</p> <p>\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u54ea\u4e9b\u4e3b\u673a\u5141\u8bb8\u6216\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e <code>/etc/hosts.allow</code> \u548c <code>/etc/hosts.deny</code> \u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/LinuxServer/#adsl","title":"ADSL \u8fde\u63a5\u914d\u7f6e","text":"<p>\u7565\u8fc7</p> <p>\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e9b\u8fc7\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5148\u8df3\u8fc7\u5566~</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/LinuxServer/#openssh","title":"OpenSSH","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/LinuxServer/#_4","title":"\u56de\u5fc6\u57fa\u7840","text":"<ul> <li>Secure Shell \u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u548c\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u4e0a\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u9632\u6b62\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6cc4\u9732\u95ee\u9898\u3002</li> <li>SSH \u80fd\u591f\u4ee3\u66ff telent\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a ftp\u3001pop \u548c ppp \u63d0\u4f9b\u5b89\u5168\u901a\u9053\u3002</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/LinuxServer/#ssh","title":"SSH \u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406","text":"<ul> <li>\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b <code>sshd</code>\uff0c\u54cd\u5e94\u6765\u81ea\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<ul> <li>\u63d0\u4f9b\u5bf9\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5bc6\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7b49\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff1a<code>ssh</code>\u3001<code>scp</code>\u3001<code>sftp</code> \u7b49\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u7565\u8fc7</p> <p>SSH \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5148\u8df3\u8fc7\u5566~</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/LinuxServer/#nginx","title":"Nginx","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/LinuxServer/#_5","title":"\u540c\u7c7b\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e","text":"<ul> <li>\u9e1f\u54e5\u7684 Linux \u79c1\u623f\u83dc\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u67b6\u8bbe\u7bc7 \u7b2c\u4e09\u7248</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/PCC/","title":"Python \u7f16\u7a0b\uff1a\u4ece\u5165\u95e8\u5230\u5b9e\u8df5","text":"<p>Python Crash Course: A Hands-On, Project-Based Introduction to Programming</p> \u51fa\u7248\u793e \u4f5c\u8005 \u5e74\u4efd \u4eba\u6c11\u90ae\u7535\u51fa\u7248\u793e Eric Matthes 2016 <p>Abstract</p> <p>\u672c\u4e66\u4ec5\u4f5c\u9879\u76ee\u90e8\u5206\u7b14\u8bb0\u3002</p>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_1","title":"\u524d\u7f6e\u77e5\u8bc6","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u521b\u5efa Python \u9879\u76ee\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u3001<code>pip</code> \u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u7b49\u3002</p>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_2","title":"\u547d\u4ee4\u76f8\u5173","text":"<p>Python \u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5bb9\u6613\u5f15\u8d77\u56f0\u60d1\uff0c\u6211\u73b0\u5728\u4e5f\u4f9d\u65e7\u6ca1\u6709\u641e\u61c2\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86 Python \u540e\u6267\u884c <code>python3</code> \u663e\u793a\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a <code>python</code> \u6216 <code>py</code>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd8\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\uff0c\u8bf7\u68c0\u67e5 <code>$PATH</code> \u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cWindows \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u9ed8\u8ba4\u547d\u4ee4\u4e3a <code>py</code>\uff0c\u800c Unix \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u9ed8\u8ba4\u547d\u4ee4\u4e3a <code>python3</code>\u3002<code>pip</code> \u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u4e5f\u4f1a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a <code>pip3</code>\u3002</p>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_3","title":"\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883","text":"<p>\u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u7684\u7406\u7531\u6709\u5f88\u591a\uff1a\u4e0d\u540c\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e0d\u540c\u3001\u7248\u672c\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u6301\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5e72\u51c0\u6574\u6d01\u3002</p> <p>\u4ece Python 3.3 \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4f7f\u7528 Python \u81ea\u5e26\u7684\u6a21\u5757 <code>venv</code> \u6765\u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff1a</p> <pre><code>python3 -m venv &lt;DIR&gt;\nsource &lt;DIR&gt;/bin/activate\n</code></pre> <p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\uff08\u9650 Unix \u7cfb\u7edf\uff09\u5c06\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u8f7d\u5165\u7ec8\u7aef\u3002</p> <p>\u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u5e76\u52a0\u8f7d\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528 <code>pip</code> \u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\u4f9d\u8d56\u5305\u4e86\u3002</p> <p>\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0cWindows \u548c Linux \u4e0b\u7684\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u901a\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4f7f\u7528\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5e94\u5f53\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 <code>requirements.txt</code> \u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u4f9d\u8d56\u5305\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e0d\u540c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0b\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5305\u4e00\u81f4\u3002</p>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_4","title":"\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u8865\u5168","text":"<p>\u590d\u4e60\u4ee5\u53ca\u8865\u5145 SOP4 \u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002</p>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_5","title":"\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u548c\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570","text":"<ul> <li>\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a<code>def</code>\u3001<code>class</code> \u7b49</li> <li>\u5e03\u5c14\u7b49\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8fd0\u7b97\uff1a<code>False</code>\u3001<code>True</code>\u3001<code>None</code>\u3001<code>and</code>\u3001<code>or</code>\u3001<code>not</code> \u7b49</li> <li>\u63a7\u5236\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a<code>while</code>\u3001<code>for</code>\u3001<code>if</code>\u3001<code>else</code>\u3001<code>elif</code> \u7b49</li> <li>\u5176\u4ed6</li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_6","title":"\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32","text":"<ul> <li>\u4fee\u6539\u5927\u5c0f\u5199 <code>.title()</code>\u3001<code>.upper()</code>\u3001<code>.lower()</code></li> <li>\u62fc\u63a5</li> <li>\u5220\u9664\u7a7a\u767d <code>.rstrip()</code>\u3001<code>.lstrip()</code>\u3001<code>.strip()</code></li> </ul> <p>\u7a7a\u767d</p> <p>\u7a7a\u767d\u6307\u4efb\u4f55\u975e\u6253\u5370\u5b57\u7b26\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5c06\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 <code>str(value)</code></li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_7","title":"\u5217\u8868","text":"<pre><code>list = [1, 2, 3]\n</code></pre> <p>\u57fa\u7840\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\uff1a<code>.append(value)</code>\u3001<code>.insert(index, value)</code></li> <li>\u5220\u9664\u8bed\u53e5\uff1a<code>del list[index]</code>\u3001<code>.pop(index)</code>\uff08\u5c3e\u90e8\u5220\u9664\uff09\u3001<code>.remove(value)</code></li> <li>\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a<code>.sort()</code>\u3001<code>.sort(reverse=True)</code></li> <li>\u53cd\u8f6c\uff1a<code>.reverse()</code></li> <li>\u957f\u5ea6\uff1a<code>len(list)</code></li> </ul> <p>\u66f4\u591a\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u904d\u5386</li> </ul> <p>\u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u675f\u540e</p> <p><code>for</code> \u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u8fed\u4ee3\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u3002</p> <ul> <li><code>range(start, end, step)</code>\uff1a\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u4e0d\u5305\u542b <code>end</code>\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4 <code>start=0</code>\uff0c<code>step=1</code>\u3002</li> <li>\u5207\u7247 <code>list[start:end:step]</code>\uff1a\u4e0d\u5305\u542b <code>end</code>\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4 <code>start=0</code>\uff0c<code>step=1</code>\u3002<ul> <li>\u5229\u7528\u5207\u7247\u590d\u5236\u5217\u8868 <code>list[:]</code>\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u5217\u8868\u89e3\u6790</p> <p>\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6bd4\u8f83\u9ad8\u9636\u4f46\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u751f\u6210\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff1a</p> <pre><code>squares = [value**2 for value in range(1, 11)]\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>\u9996\u5148\u6307\u5b9a\u5217\u8868\u540d</li> <li>\u518d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f <code>value**2</code> \u751f\u6210\u4f60\u8981\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u503c</li> <li>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a <code>for</code> \u5faa\u73af\u7ed9\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u63d0\u4f9b\u503c</li> </ul> <p>\u8bf7\u7ec3\u4e60\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a 3 \u7684\u500d\u6570\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3002</p>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#if","title":"<code>if</code> \u8bed\u53e5","text":"<ul> <li> <p>\u6bd4\u8f83\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>in</code> \u68c0\u67e5\u7279\u5b9a\u503c\u662f\u5426\u5728\u5217\u8868\u4e2d</li> <li>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>.lower()</code> \u68c0\u67e5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u5c0f\u5199\uff08\u6ce8\u610f\u4e2a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u68c0\u6d4b\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u7528\u5462\uff1f\uff09</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p><code>if-elif-else</code> \u7ed3\u6784</p> </li> <li>\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e03\u5c14\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a<ul> <li>Python \u4e2d\u652f\u6301\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u5982 <code>age &gt;= 18 and age &lt;= 65</code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5199\u4e3a <code>18 &lt;= age &lt;= 65</code>\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_8","title":"\u5b57\u5178","text":"<pre><code>dict = {'key': 'value'}\n</code></pre> <p>\u57fa\u7840\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a<code>dict['key']</code></li> <li>\u6dfb\u52a0\uff1a<code>dict['key'] = 'value'</code></li> <li>\u521b\u5efa\u7a7a\u5b57\u5178\uff1a<code>dict = {}</code></li> <li>\u4fee\u6539\u503c\uff1a<code>dict['key'] = 'new value'</code></li> <li>\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff1a<code>del dict['key']</code></li> </ul> <p>\u8f83\u957f\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u7f29\u8fdb\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a</p> <pre><code>dict = {\n    'key1': 'value1',\n    'key2': 'value2',\n    'key3': 'value3',\n    }\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>\u904d\u5386\uff1a<ul> <li><code>for key, value in dict.items():</code></li> <li><code>for key in dict.keys():</code></li> <li><code>for value in dict.values():</code></li> <li>\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 <code>for key in sorted(dict.keys()):</code></li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u66f4\u591a\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u5217\u8868</li> <li>\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u5d4c\u5957\u5217\u8868</li> <li>\u5b57\u5178\u5d4c\u5957\u5b57\u5178</li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_9","title":"\u5faa\u73af","text":"<ul> <li>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>break</code> \u548c <code>continue</code></li> <li>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6807\u5fd7</li> <li>\u7528\u5faa\u73af\u5904\u7406\u5217\u8868\u548c\u5b57\u5178<ul> <li>\u5220\u9664\u6307\u5b9a\u503c</li> <li>\u79fb\u52a8\u5143\u7d20</li> <li>\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u79cd\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u5217\u8868\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5faa\u73af\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a     <pre><code>users = ['user1', 'user2', 'user3']\nwhile users:\n    user = users.pop()\n    print(user)\n</code></pre></li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_10","title":"\u51fd\u6570","text":"<pre><code>def function_name(parameters):\n\"\"\"docstring\"\"\"\n    function body\n</code></pre>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_11","title":"\u53c2\u6570","text":"<ul> <li>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5b9e\u53c2\uff1a<code>function_name(parameter=value)</code>'</li> <li>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff1a<code>def function_name(parameter=value)</code><ul> <li>\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u5c06\u6ca1\u6709\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u653e\u5728\u524d\u9762\uff0c\u6709\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u653e\u5728\u540e\u9762\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf Python \u4f9d\u7136\u80fd\u591f\u6b63\u786e\u89e3\u8bfb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5b9e\u53c2\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u7981\u6b62\u51fd\u6570\u4fee\u6539\u5217\u8868\uff1a<code>function_name(list_name[:])</code> \uff08\u521b\u5efa\u526f\u672c\uff09</li> <li>\u4efb\u610f\u6570\u91cf\u5b9e\u53c2\uff1a<code>def function_name(*parameters)</code>\uff0c<code>*</code> \u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u5143\u7ec4\uff0c\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u503c\u90fd\u5c01\u88c5\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5143\u7ec4\u4e2d\u3002</li> <li>\u4efb\u610f\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5b9e\u53c2\uff1a<code>def function_name(**parameters)</code>\uff0c<code>**</code> \u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u503c\u90fd\u5c01\u88c5\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u987a\u5e8f</p> <ul> <li>\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u8c03\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u90fd\u5e94\u5f53\u6309\u666e\u901a\u5f62\u53c2\u3001\u5e26\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u7684\u5f62\u53c2\u3001\u4efb\u610f\u6570\u91cf\u5f62\u53c2\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\u3002</li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_12","title":"\u5c06\u51fd\u6570\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d","text":"<ul> <li>\u5bfc\u5165\u6574\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\uff1a<code>import module_name</code></li> <li>\u5bfc\u5165\u7279\u5b9a\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<code>from module_name import function_name</code></li> <li>\u51fd\u6570\u522b\u540d\uff1a<code>from module_name import function_name as fn</code></li> <li>\u6a21\u5757\u522b\u540d\uff1a<code>import module_name as mn</code></li> <li>\u5bfc\u5165\u6240\u6709\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<code>from module_name import *</code></li> </ul> <p>\u51fd\u6570\u4ee3\u7801\u89c4\u8303</p> <ul> <li>\u5f62\u53c2\u6307\u5b9a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u65f6\u7b49\u53f7\u4e24\u8fb9\u4e0d\u8981\u6709\u7a7a\u683c</li> <li>\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5b9e\u53c2\u7b49\u53f7\u4e24\u8fb9\u4e0d\u8981\u6709\u7a7a\u683c</li> <li>\u5bf9\u9f50\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\u884c</li> </ul> <pre><code>def function_name(\n        parameter_0, parameter_1, parameter_2,\n        parameter_3, parameter_4, parameter_5):\n    function body...\n</code></pre>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_13","title":"\u7c7b","text":"","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_14","title":"\u7f16\u5199\u7c7b\u7684\u57fa\u7840","text":"<ul> <li>\u4e0e\u7c7b\u6709\u5173\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u9700\u8981 <code>self</code> \u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4e14\u5fc5\u987b\u4f4d\u4e8e\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</li> <li>\u7c7b\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u3002</li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_15","title":"\u7ee7\u627f","text":"<pre><code>class ChildClass(ParentClass):\n\"\"\"docstring\"\"\"\n    def __init__(self, parameters):\n        super().__init__(parameters)\n        self.attribute = value\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>\u5b50\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5 <code>__init__()</code> \u9700\u8981\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5 <code>__init__()</code> \u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3002</li> <li><code>super()</code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9 Python \u5c06\u7236\u7c7b\u548c\u5b50\u7c7b\u5173\u8054\u8d77\u6765\u3002</li> <li><code>super().__init__(parameters)</code>\uff1a\u8c03\u7528\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5 <code>__init__()</code>\u3002</li> <li>\u91cd\u5199\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5</li> <li>\u5c06\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7528\u4f5c\u5c5e\u6027\uff08\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u7c7b\u7684\u5d4c\u5957\uff09\uff1a\u4e00\u4e9b\u7c7b\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u62c6\u5206\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u534f\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5c0f\u7c7b\u3002</li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#python_1","title":"Python \u6807\u51c6\u5e93","text":"<ul> <li><code>collections</code> \u6a21\u5757\uff1a\u5305\u542b\u5f88\u591a\u6709\u7528\u7684\u7c7b<ul> <li><code>OrderedDict</code> \u7c7b\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u6dfb\u52a0\u987a\u5e8f</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_16","title":"\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5f02\u5e38","text":"<ul> <li><code>with</code> \u8bed\u53e5\uff1a\u5728\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\u5c06\u5176\u5173\u95ed\u3002</li> </ul> <pre><code>with open(filename) as file_object:\n    contents = file_object.read() # \u8bfb\u53d6\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\n    for line in file_object: # \u9010\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6\n        print(line.rstrip())\n</code></pre> <ul> <li><code>open()</code>\uff1a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4ee5\u53ea\u8bfb\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u8003\u8003\u4f60</p> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u95ee\u9898\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u51b3\uff1f</p> <ul> <li>\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u7a7a\u884c\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e24\u6b21\u6362\u884c</li> <li>\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u6210\u4e00\u884c</li> <li>\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u5b57\u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u503c</li> </ul> <p>\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>.read()</code>\uff1a\u8bfb\u53d6\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6</li> <li><code>.write()</code>\uff1a\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728\u672b\u5c3e\u6dfb\u52a0\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5f02\u5e38\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>try-except-else</code> \u4ee3\u7801\u5757</li> <li><code>pass</code> \u8bed\u53e5\uff1a\u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u4e0d\u505a\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5360\u4f4d\u7b26\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ee3\u7801\u7ed3\u6784\u6b63\u786e\u3002</li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_17","title":"\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801","text":"<p><code>unittest</code> \u6a21\u5757\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u6838\u5b9e\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u5426\u7b26\u5408\u9884\u671f\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5bfc\u5165 <code>unittest</code> \u6a21\u5757\u548c\u8981\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u51fd\u6570</li> <li>\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ee7\u627f <code>unittest.TestCase</code> \u7684\u7c7b</li> </ul> <pre><code>import unittest\nfrom name_function import get_formatted_name\n\nclass NamesTestCase(unittest.TestCase):\n\"\"\"\u6d4b\u8bd5name_function.py\"\"\"\n    def test_first_last_name(self):\n\"\"\"\u80fd\u591f\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u5904\u7406\u50cfJanis Joplin\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u59d3\u540d\u5417\uff1f \"\"\"\n        formatted_name = get_formatted_name('janis', 'joplin')\n        self.assertEqual(formatted_name, 'Janis Joplin')\n\nunittest.main()\n</code></pre> <ul> <li><code>NamesTestCase</code> \u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u4ee5 <code>test_</code> \u5f00\u5934\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u5c06\u81ea\u52a8\u8fd0\u884c\u3002</li> <li>\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65ad\u8a00\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<ul> <li><code>assertEqual(a, b)</code>\uff1a\u6838\u5b9e a == b</li> <li><code>assertNotEqual(a, b)</code>\uff1a\u6838\u5b9e a != b</li> <li><code>assertTrue(x)</code>\uff1a\u6838\u5b9e x \u4e3a True</li> <li><code>assertFalse(x)</code>\uff1a\u6838\u5b9e x \u4e3a False</li> <li><code>assertIn(item, list)</code>\uff1a\u6838\u5b9e item \u5728 list \u4e2d</li> <li><code>assertNotIn(item, list)</code>\uff1a\u6838\u5b9e item \u4e0d\u5728 list \u4e2d</li> </ul> </li> <li><code>setUp()</code> \u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u53ea\u9700\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u6b21\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u3002</li> <li>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<ul> <li><code>.</code>\uff1a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u901a\u8fc7</li> <li><code>E</code>\uff1a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5f15\u53d1\u9519\u8bef</li> <li><code>F</code>\uff1a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65ad\u8a00\u5931\u8d25</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_18","title":"\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u70b9\u9a6c\u8702\u5c0f\u5efa\u8bae","text":"<ul> <li>\u7c7b\u540d\u4f7f\u7528\u9a7c\u5cf0\u547d\u540d\u6cd5</li> <li>\u5b9e\u4f8b\u540d\u548c\u6a21\u5757\u540d\u4f7f\u7528\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u548c\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf</li> <li>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49\u540e\u90fd\u5e94\u5f53\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32</li> <li>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u90fd\u5e94\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32</li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#projects","title":"Projects","text":"","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#project-2","title":"Project 2 \u6570\u636e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316","text":"","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#json","title":"json \u6a21\u5757","text":"<p>\u5728\u7b2c 10 \u7ae0\u6211\u4eec\u5b66\u4e60\u4e86 json \u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u7b80\u5355\u56de\u987e\u590d\u4e60\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u6a21\u5757\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>json.dump(data, file_object)</code>\uff1a\u5c06 Python \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a JSON \u683c\u5f0f\u5e76\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u3002</li> <li><code>json.load(file_object)</code>\uff1a\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6 JSON \u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a Python \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a</p> remember_me.py<pre><code>import json\nfilename = 'username.json'\ntry:\n    with open(filename) as file_object:\n        username = json.load(file_object)\nexcept FileNotFoundError:\n    username = input(\"What's your name? \")\n    with open(filename, 'w') as file_object:\n        json.dump(username, file_object)\n        print(\"We'll remember you when you come back, \" + username + \"!\")\nelse:\n    print(\"Welcome back, \" + username + \"!\")\n</code></pre>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#matplotlib","title":"matplotlib","text":"<p>\u67e5\u9605\u624b\u518c</p> <p>\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u8bf7\u7ffb\u9605\u624b\u518c\u67e5\u627e\u7528\u6cd5</p> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u529f\u80fd\u5e94\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1f</p> <ul> <li>\u7ed8\u5236\uff1a\u6298\u7ebf\u56fe\u3001\u6563\u70b9\u56fe</li> <li>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6837\u5f0f\uff1a<ul> <li>\u6587\u5b57\uff1a\u6807\u9898\u3001\u5750\u6807\u8f74\u6807\u9898</li> <li>\u523b\u5ea6\uff08<code>tick_params</code>\uff09\uff1a\u6807\u8bb0\u3001\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u989c\u8272</li> <li>\u7ebf\u6761\uff1a\u7c97\u7ec6\u3001\u989c\u8272</li> <li>\u70b9\uff1a\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u989c\u8272</li> <li>\u5404\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5b57\u4f53\u5927\u5c0f</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_19","title":"\u751f\u6210\u6570\u636e","text":"<p>\u5b8c\u6210\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4efb\u52a1\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u7ed8\u5236\u4ece 1 \u5230 100 \u7684\u5e73\u65b9\u56fe\u50cf\uff08\u5217\u8868\u89e3\u6790\uff09\u3002</li> <li>\u7528\u968f\u673a\u6f2b\u6b65\u65b9\u6cd5\u7ed8\u5236\u56fe\u50cf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6563\u70b9\u56fe\u548c\u6298\u7ebf\u56fe\uff08<code>random.choice()</code>\uff09\u3002</li> <li>\u4e3a\u56fe\u8868\u4f7f\u7528\u989c\u8272\u6620\u5c04\u3002</li> <li>\u4f7f\u7528 Pygal \u751f\u6210\u77e2\u91cf\u56fe\u5f62\u6587\u4ef6\u3002</li> <li>\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u63b7\u9ab0\u5b50\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u548c\u591a\u4e2a\u9ab0\u5b50\u3002</li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#csv","title":"CSV \u6587\u4ef6","text":"<ul> <li><code>csv</code> \u6a21\u5757\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165 CSV \u6587\u4ef6\u3002</li> <li><code>csv.reader(file_object)</code>\uff1a\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bfb\u53d6\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u9017\u53f7\u5206\u9694\u7684\u503c\u3002</li> <li><code>next(reader)</code>\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5176\u4ed6\u51fd\u6570\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>enumerate()</code>\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u503c\u7684\u5143\u7ec4\u5217\u8868\u3002</li> <li><code>datetime</code> \u6a21\u5757\uff1a</li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#-strptime","title":"-   <code>strptime()</code>\uff1a\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u65e5\u671f\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002","text":"","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/ProGit/","title":"\u7cbe\u901a Git","text":"<p>ProGit \u8bfb\u4e66\u7b14\u8bb0</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/ProGit/#ch1","title":"Ch1. \u5165\u95e8","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>Git \u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f</p> <ul> <li>Git \u7531 Linux \u793e\u533a\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5904\u7406 Linux \u5185\u6838\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u3002</li> <li>Git \u5c06\u6570\u636e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5feb\u7167\u6d41\u3002\u540e\u7eed\u7ae0\u8282\u4f1a\u8bb2\u89e3\u5feb\u7167\u6d41\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002</li> <li>Git \u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u64cd\u4f5c\u5728\u672c\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 SHA-1 \u6563\u5217\uff0840 \u4e2a\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u5b57\u7b26\uff09\u6821\u9a8c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002</li> <li>Git \u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ea\u589e\u52a0\u6570\u636e\u3002</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/ProGit/#_1","title":"\u4e09\u79cd\u72b6\u6001","text":"<ul> <li>Committed</li> <li>Modified</li> <li>Staged</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/ProGit/#_2","title":"\u4e09\u79cd\u533a\u57df","text":"<ul> <li>Git \u4ed3\u5e93\uff08\u9879\u76ee\u5143\u6570\u636e\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff09</li> <li>\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\u4ece\u4ed3\u5e93\u4e2d\u5355\u6b21\u68c0\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\uff09</li> <li>\u6682\u5b58\u533a\uff08Git \u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff09</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/ProGit/#_3","title":"\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd","text":"<p>Git \u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u914d\u7f6e</p> <ul> <li><code>/etc/gitconfig</code>\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u548c\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u7528 <code>--system</code> \u4fee\u6539</li> <li><code>~/.gitconfig</code> \u6216 <code>.config/git/config</code>\uff1a\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u7528 <code>--global</code> \u4fee\u6539</li> <li><code>.git/config</code>\uff1a\u5355\u4e2a\u4ed3\u5e93</li> </ul> <p>\u6bcf\u4e00\u7ea7\u8986\u76d6\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ea7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002</p> <p>\u5b89\u88c5\u540e\u505a\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u662f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\uff1a<code>user.name</code> \u548c <code>user.email</code>\u3002</p> <ul> <li> <p><code>core.editor</code> \u7f16\u8f91\u5668</p> </li> <li> <p><code>git config --list</code> \u5217\u51fa Git \u627e\u5230\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u91cd\u590d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u503c\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002</p> </li> <li><code>git config &lt;key&gt;</code> \u67e5\u770b\u67d0\u4e2a\u952e\u7684\u503c\u3002</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/ProGit/#_4","title":"\u83b7\u53d6\u5e2e\u52a9","text":"<ul> <li><code>git help &lt;verb&gt;</code></li> <li><code>git &lt;verb&gt; --help</code></li> <li><code>man git-&lt;verb&gt;</code></li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/ProGit/#ch2-git","title":"Ch2. Git \u57fa\u7840","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/SFJSRMJD/","title":"\u7b97\u6cd5\u7ade\u8d5b\u5165\u95e8\u7ecf\u5178","text":""},{"location":"books/SFJSRMJD/#ch4","title":"Ch4. \u9012\u5f52","text":""},{"location":"books/SFJSRMJD/#_2","title":"\u6bb5\u9519\u8bef\u4e0e\u6808\u6ea2\u51fa","text":"<p>\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u683c\u5f0f</p> \u7cfb\u7edf \u683c\u5f0f Unix ELF DOS COFF Windows PE <p>\u201c\u6bb5\u201d\u662f\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u7684\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u67d0\u79cd\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u88ab\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u91cc\u9762\u3002\u7528 <code>size</code> \u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5404\u4e2a\u6bb5\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff1a</p> <pre><code>$ size test\n   text    data     bss     dec     hex filename\n   1934     616       8    2558     9fe test\n</code></pre> <p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>Text Segment\uff1a\u6b63\u6587\u6bb5\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u6307\u4ee4</li> <li>Data Segment\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u6bb5\uff0c\u5df2\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf</li> <li>BSS Segment\uff1aBSS \u6bb5\uff0c\u672a\u8d4b\u503c\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4</li> </ul> <p>\u8c03\u7528\u6808\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5806\u6808\u6bb5\uff08Stack Segment\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u8d8a\u754c\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u8d8a\u754c\u9020\u6210\u6bb5\u9519\u8bef\uff08Segmentation Fault\uff09\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\u6dfb\u52a0\u6808\u5e27\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u7684\u8d8a\u754c\u79f0\u4e3a\u6808\u6ea2\u51fa\uff08Stack Overflow\uff09\u3002</p> <p>\u5806\u6808\u6bb5\u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b58\u7740\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u8fc7\u5927\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u6808\u6ea2\u51fa\u3002</p> <p>\u6808\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u76f8\u5173\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>Linux \u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 <code>ulimit</code> \u547d\u4ee4\u6307\u5b9a\u3002<code>ulimit -a</code> \u663e\u793a\u6808\u5927\u5c0f\u3002</li> <li>Windows \u4e2d\uff0c\u6808\u5927\u5c0f\u50a8\u5b58\u5728\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<code>gcc -W1,--stack=16777216</code> \u5c06\u6808\u5927\u5c0f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a 16 MB\u3002     &gt; \u6808\u5927\u5c0f\u7531 <code>ld</code> \u6307\u5b9a\uff0c<code>-W1</code> \u5c06\u5176\u540e\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9 <code>ld</code>\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/","title":"Python \u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u57fa\u7840\uff08\u7b2c\u56db\u7248\uff09","text":"<p>Start Out with Python (Forth Edition)</p> \u51fa\u7248\u793e \u4f5c\u8005 \u5e74\u4efd \u673a\u68b0\u5de5\u4e1a\u51fa\u7248\u793e Tony Gaddis 2019 <p>\u7b80\u8bc4</p> <p>\u5728\u6211\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5bf9\u65b0\u624b\u5341\u5206\u53cb\u597d\u7684\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\u3002\u4e66\u4e2d\u5bf9\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u8bb2\u89e3\u57fa\u7840\u4e14\u8be6\u7ec6\uff08\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5bf9\u7f16\u7a0b\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u6765\u8bf4\u4f1a\u6709\u4e9b\u7e41\u7410\uff09\uff0c\u6bcf\u8282\u540e\u4f1a\u6709\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u6a21\u5757\u95ee\u4f60\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4f60\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u7a7f\u63d2\u5728\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u805a\u5149\u706f\u6a21\u5757\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u5757\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\uff0c\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ece\u76ee\u6807\u5230\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5230\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u89c2\u5bdf\u4ee3\u7801\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u5de9\u56fa\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\uff08\u4f46\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u662f\u8ba9\u4eba\u6bd4\u8f83\u70e6\u7684\u4e00\u70b9\uff1a\u5b83\u7684\u4f8b\u7a0b\u51e0\u4e4e\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u90fd\u6709\u6ce8\u91ca\uff01Python \u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u672c\u8eab\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u5c31\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u592a\u591a\u6ce8\u91ca\u3002\uff09</p> <p>\u672c\u4e66\u5bf9\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u7f16\u6392\u6bd4\u300aPython \u7f16\u7a0b\uff1a\u4ece\u5165\u95e8\u5230\u5b9e\u8df5\u300b\u8981\u597d\u4e00\u4e9b\uff0c\u4f46\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002\u5728\u9605\u8bfb\u5b8c\u672c\u4e66\u540e\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u79fb\u6b65\u5230\u300aPython \u7f16\u7a0b\uff1a\u4ece\u5165\u95e8\u5230\u5b9e\u8df5\u300b\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u90e8\u5206\u5f00\u59cb\u9605\u8bfb\u3002</p> <p>\u672c\u4e66\u53d9\u8ff0\u5f88\u8be6\u7ec6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7ae0\u672b\u4e60\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u505a\u3002\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u505a\u7684\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5c0f\u8282\u540e\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5bf9\u672c\u8282\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u68c0\u9a8c\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5bf9\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fa\u57ab\u3002\u805a\u5149\u706f\u7684\u4f8b\u7a0b\u90fd\u8981\u770b\u8fc7\u4e00\u904d\uff08\u4e0d\u7528\u5f88\u7ec6\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u7591\u95ee\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u52a8\u624b\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u8bd5\u4e00\u8bd5\u3002\u5b9e\u8df5\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#ch1","title":"Ch1. \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0e\u7f16\u7a0b","text":"<ul> <li>\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4e0e\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\uff1f</li> <li>Python \u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u5de5\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u4ea4\u4e92\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u811a\u672c\u6a21\u5f0f</li> <li>IDLE \u7684\u7b80\u5355\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u7f29\u8fdb\u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u7b49\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#ch2","title":"Ch2. \u8f93\u5165\u3001\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u8f93\u51fa","text":""},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_1","title":"\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f","text":"<p>\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7a0b\u5e8f</p> <p>\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u804c\u4e1a\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u90fd\u4f1a\u544a\u8bc9\u4f60\uff1a\u5728\u6b63\u5f0f\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u524d\uff0c\u8981\u5bf9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u7cbe\u5fc3\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u9879\u76ee\u65f6\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u7edd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u9a6c\u4e0a\u9677\u5165\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u628a\u5f00\u59cb\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u6309\u90e8\u5c31\u73ed\u5730\u4ece\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5f00\u59cb\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u91cd\u70b9\u8bb2\u89e3\u4e86\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a\u7406\u89e3\u4efb\u52a1\u3001\u51b3\u5b9a\u6b65\u9aa4</li> <li>\u4f2a\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u6d41\u7a0b\u56fe</li> <li>\u7b80\u5355\u6d41\u7a0b\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u4e09\u7c7b\u5143\u7d20\uff1a\u692d\u5706\uff08\u7ec8\u6b62\u7b26\uff09\u3001\u5e73\u884c\u56db\u8fb9\u5f62\uff08\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\uff09\u3001\u77e9\u5f62\uff08\u5904\u7406\uff09</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_2","title":"\u8f93\u51fa","text":"<ul> <li><code>print()</code></li> </ul> <p>\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6280\u672f\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>print('one', end='')</code> \u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6253\u5370\u4f1a\u4ee5\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u7ed3\u5c3e\uff0c<code>end</code> \u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u672b\u5c3e\u3002</li> <li><code>sep=</code> \u6307\u5b9a\u8f93\u51fa\u5404\u9879\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u7a7a\u683c\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5d4c\u5957\u4f7f\u7528 <code>format()</code> \u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\uff0c\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u5b83\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u79f0\u4e3a\u683c\u5f0f\u9650\u5b9a\u7b26\u3002</p> <ul> <li><code>print('Your pay is$', format(1123.23, '12,.2f'), sep='')</code></li> <li>\u6700\u524d\u9762\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u662f\u57df\u5bbd\uff08\u53f3\u5bf9\u9f50\uff09\uff0c<code>.2</code> \u7cbe\u5ea6\uff0c<code>f</code> \u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c<code>d</code> \u6574\u6570\uff0c<code>e</code> \u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u6570\u6cd5\uff0c<code>,</code> \u9017\u53f7\u5206\u9694\u6570\u5b57\uff0c<code>%</code> \u8f93\u51fa\u4e3a\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_3","title":"\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32","text":"<ul> <li>\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 <code>'</code> \u6216 <code>\"</code> \u62ec\u8d77</li> <li>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u542b\u6709\u5355\u5f15\u53f7\u6216\u6487\u53f7\u65f6\uff0c\u7528\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\u62ec\u8d77\uff1b\u542b\u6709\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\u65f6\uff0c\u7528\u5355\u5f15\u53f7\u62ec\u8d77</li> <li>\u4e09\u5f15\u53f7 <code>\"\"\"</code> \u6216 <code>'</code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u62ec\u8d77\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e24\u79cd\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u4ee5\u62ec\u8d77\u8de8\u884c\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff08\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u88ab\u5305\u62ec\u8fdb\u6765\uff09</li> <li><code>+</code> \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u62fc\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c</li> <li>Python \u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u540c\u6837\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u8f6c\u4e49\u5e8f\u5217</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_4","title":"\u53d8\u91cf","text":"<ul> <li>\u201c\u5f15\u7528\u201d\u6982\u5ff5</li> <li>\u53d8\u91cf\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u5219</li> <li>==\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\u5206\u9694==\u7684\u547d\u540d\u6cd5\u5728 Python \u4e2d\u6bd4\u8f83\u5e38\u89c1</li> <li>Python \u5173\u952e\u5b57</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_5","title":"\u7c7b\u578b","text":"<ul> <li><code>int</code> \u548c <code>float</code> \u7c7b\u578b</li> <li>\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570 <code>type()</code> \u5224\u65ad\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u7c7b\u578b</li> <li><code>str</code> \u7c7b\u578b</li> <li>Python \u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u9879\u91cd\u65b0\u8d4b\u503c</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_6","title":"\u8bfb\u53d6\u8f93\u5165","text":"<ul> <li><code>input(prompt)</code> \u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5f62\u5f0f</li> <li><code>int()</code>\u3001<code>float()</code> \u4e0e <code>input()</code> \u5d4c\u5957\u8c03\u7528</li> <li>\u5f02\u5e38\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u5f02\u5e38\u6ca1\u6709\u5f97\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u5916\u5c06\u5bfc\u81f4\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ec8\u6b62\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_7","title":"\u8ba1\u7b97","text":"<ul> <li><code>//</code> \u6574\u6570\u9664\u6cd5\uff1a\u4f9d\u636e\u7ed3\u679c\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u820d\u5165\u65b9\u5f0f<ul> <li>\u6b63\u6570\uff1a\u622a\u65ad</li> <li>\u8d1f\u6570\uff1a\u56db\u820d\u4e94\u5165</li> </ul> </li> <li><code>**</code> \u6307\u6570\u8fd0\u7b97</li> <li>\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7</li> </ul> <p>\u4f8b\u5916</p> <p>\u6307\u6570\u8fd0\u7b97\u5171\u4eab\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4ece\u53f3\u5411\u5de6\uff0c\u5373\uff1a<code>2**3**4</code> = <code>2**(3**4)</code>\u3002</p> <p>\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362</p> <p>\u5728\u6df7\u5408\u7c7b\u578b\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u9690\u5f0f\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362</p> <ul> <li>\u6574\u578b\u5347\u7ea7\u4e3a\u6d6e\u70b9\u578b</li> </ul> <p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u524d\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f3a\u5236\u8f6c\u6362\u3002</p> <ul> <li><code>int()</code> \u622a\u65ad</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_8","title":"\u5176\u4ed6","text":"<ul> <li><code>#</code> \u6ce8\u91ca</li> <li><code>\\</code> \u884c\u8fde\u63a5\u7b26</li> <li>\u5706\u62ec\u53f7\u5185\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u7247\u6bb5\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u884c\u8fde\u63a5\u7b26</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_9","title":"\u6709\u540d\u5e38\u91cf","text":"<p>\u5e7b\u6570\uff08magic number\uff09\uff1a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u65e0\u6cd5\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u6570\u503c\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u6709\u540d\u5e38\u91cf\u66ff\u4ee3\u5e7b\u6570\uff0c\u589e\u5f3a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u81ea\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\uff08self-explanatory\uff09\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_10","title":"\u673a\u5668\u9f9f\u56fe\u5f62\u5e93","text":"<p>ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'tkinter'</p> <p>\u5728 WSL \u4e0a <code>import turtle</code> \u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u5982\u4e0a\u62a5\u9519\u3002\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u5b89\u88c5 <code>tkinter</code> \u5e93\uff1a</p> <pre><code>apt-get install python3-tk\n</code></pre> <ul> <li><code>turtle.showturtle()</code></li> <li><code>forward()</code>, <code>right()</code>, <code>left()</code>, <code>setheading()</code>, <code>heading()</code></li> <li><code>penup()</code>, <code>pendown()</code></li> <li><code>dot()</code>, <code>circle()</code> \u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\u9f9f\u9f9f\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5706\u7684\u5207\u7ebf\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5706\u5fc3\u3002</li> <li><code>pensize()</code>, <code>pencolor()</code>, <code>bgcolor()</code></li> <li>\u91cd\u8bbe\u5c4f\u5e55\uff1a<ul> <li><code>reset()</code> \u91cd\u7f6e\u753b\u7b14\u989c\u8272\u3001\u5f52\u4f4d\u3001\u64e6\u9664\u6240\u6709\u56fe\u5f62\u3002\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u80cc\u666f\u3002</li> <li><code>clear()</code> \u64e6\u9664\u6240\u6709\u56fe\u5f62\u3002</li> <li><code>clearscreen()</code> \u91cd\u7f6e\u3001\u5f52\u4e3a\u3001\u91cd\u7f6e\u80cc\u666f\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u672c\u8282\u7684\u5269\u4f59\u90e8\u5206\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u9f9f\u9f9f\u753b\u56fe\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6b64\u5904\u7565\u8fc7\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#ch3","title":"Ch3. \u9009\u62e9\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u5e03\u5c14\u903b\u8f91","text":""},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#if","title":"<code>if</code> \u8bed\u53e5","text":"<p>\u57fa\u672c\u5f62\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a</p> <pre><code>if condition:\n    block of statement\nelif condition:\n    block of statement\nelse:\n    block of statement\n</code></pre> <p>\u7f29\u8fdb</p> <p>Python \u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u901a\u8fc7\u7f29\u8fdb\u6765\u8bc6\u522b\u8bed\u53e5\u5757\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u3002</p> <p>True \u548c False</p> <p>True \u548c False \u662f Python \u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_11","title":"\u5e03\u5c14\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f","text":"<ul> <li><code>bool</code> \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3002</li> <li>\u5173\u7cfb\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u4e0e C \u4e2d\u76f8\u540c</li> <li>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u539f\u7406\u4e0e C \u4e2d\u7684 <code>strcmp</code> \u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002</li> </ul> <p>ASCII \u7f16\u7801</p> <p>\u518d\u56de\u5fc6\u4e00\u4e0b\u91cd\u8981\u7684 ASCII \u7801</p> \u5b57\u7b26 \u7801\u4f4d A~Z 65~90 a~z 97~122 0~9 48~57 space 32 <ul> <li>Python \u4e2d\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u662f\uff1a<code>and</code>\u3001<code>or</code>\u3001<code>not</code>\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u540c\u6837\u652f\u6301\u77ed\u8def\u5b9a\u503c\uff08Short-Circuit Evaluation\uff09\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_12","title":"\u673a\u5668\u9f9f\u6e38\u620f","text":"<p>3.7 \u8282\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u673a\u5668\u9f9f\u6295\u7403\u6e38\u620f\u3002\u6b64\u5904\u7565\u8fc7\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#ch4","title":"Ch4. \u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u6784","text":""},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#while","title":"<code>while</code> \u5faa\u73af","text":""},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#for","title":"<code>for</code> \u5faa\u73af","text":"<ul> <li>Python \u4e2d\u7684 <code>for</code> \u5faa\u73af\u7528\u4e8e\u9488\u5bf9\u4e00\u7ec4\u6570\u636e\u8fed\u4ee3\u5904\u7406\u3002</li> </ul> <pre><code>for variable in [value1, value2, etc.]:\n    statment\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#range","title":"\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668 <code>range()</code>","text":"<p>\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u79f0\u4e3a <code>iterable</code> \u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u7c7b\u578b\u3002</p> <pre><code>range(start, end, step)\nrange(end) # \u4ece 0 \u5f00\u59cb\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5217\u8868\u662f\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00\u7684\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u8003\u8003\u4f60</p> <p>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>range()</code> \u51fd\u6570\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u529f\u80fd\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u7528\u6237\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570</li> <li>\u964d\u5e8f\u8fed\u4ee3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_13","title":"\u5faa\u73af\u529f\u80fd","text":"<p>\u672c\u7ae0\u7684\u5269\u4f59\u90e8\u5206\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5faa\u73af\u7f16\u7a0b\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u7f16\u5199\u7d2f\u52a0\u5668</li> <li>\u5e26\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u8d4b\u503c\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff08augmented assignment operator\uff09</li> <li>\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u8bb0\uff08Sentinel\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u8bb0\u6570\u636e\u5e8f\u5217\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u503c\uff09\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u675f</li> <li>\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5faa\u73af<ul> <li>\u542f\u52a8\u8bfb\uff08priming read\uff09</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u5d4c\u5957\u5faa\u73af</li> <li>\u4f7f\u7528\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u673a\u5668\u9f9f\u7ed8\u56fe\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff08\u7565\uff09</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#ch5","title":"Ch5. \u51fd\u6570","text":"<p>\u672c\u7ae0\u5148\u4ecb\u7ecd <code>void</code> \u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u518d\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6709\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002</p> <p>\u51fd\u6570\u547d\u540d\u4e0e\u53d8\u91cf\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u5219\u76f8\u540c\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_14","title":"\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u8c03\u7528","text":"<pre><code>def function_name():\n    statement\n\nfunction_name()\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528 <code>main</code> \u51fd\u6570\u3002</li> <li>\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u8bfb\u53d6 <code>def</code> \u8bed\u53e5\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u8bed\u53e5\u5904\u6267\u884c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u3002</li> </ul> <p>Python \u4e2d\u7684\u7f29\u8fdb</p> <p>Python \u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u4e60\u60ef\u4f7f\u7528\u56db\u4e2a\u7a7a\u683c\u7f29\u8fdb\u8bed\u53e5\u5757\u4e2d\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u884c\u3002</p> <p>\u53ea\u8981\u8bed\u53e5\u5757\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u884c\u90fd\u7f29\u8fdb\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u610f\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u7a7a\u683c\u3002</p> <p>Tab \u952e\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u8981\u4e0e\u7a7a\u683c\u6df7\u7528\u3002</p> <p>Tip</p> <p>\u8bed\u53e5\u5757\u4e2d\u7684\u7a7a\u767d\u884c\u4f1a\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u6309\u503c\u4f20\u9012\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_15","title":"\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7a0b\u5e8f","text":"<p>\u4e00\u822c\u9075\u4ece\u81ea\u9876\u5411\u4e0b\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6d41\u7a0b\u56fe\uff1a\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u56fe\u793a <code>|| funciton ||</code>\u3002</li> <li>\u5c42\u6b21\u56fe\uff1a\u63cf\u8ff0\u51fd\u6570\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</li> </ul> <p>Tip</p> <p>\u591a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u56fe\u6765\u601d\u8003\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_16","title":"\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u4f5c\u7528\u57df","text":"<ul> <li>\u4e0e C \u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u5176\u4ed6\u51fd\u6570\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<ul> <li>\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u540c\u540d\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>Python \u5141\u8bb8\u6307\u5b9a\u5b9e\u53c2\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5f62\u53c2\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53c2\u6570\uff1a</li> </ul> <pre><code>parameter_name=value\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>\u6df7\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53c2\u6570\uff08keyword argument\uff09\u548c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\uff08position argument\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u51fa\u73b0\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_17","title":"\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf","text":"<p>\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf</p> <p>\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u90fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5e94\u8be5\u9650\u5236\u4f7f\u7528\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf</p> <ul> <li>\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\u4e3a\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u7528 <code>global</code> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u58f0\u660e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<ul> <li>\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u5219\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u8d4b\u503c\u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u601d\u8003</p> <p>\u4ece\u8fd9\u70b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0cPython \u7684\u8d4b\u503c\u8bed\u53e5\u540c\u65f6\u5177\u5907\u4e86\u521b\u5efa\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002</p> <pre><code>number = 0\n\ndef main():\n    global number\n    number = int(input())\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>Python \u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u5168\u5c40\u5e38\u91cf\u4e00\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u6a21\u62df\u3002\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u4e0d\u7528 <code>global</code> \u58f0\u660e\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u66f4\u6539\u8be5\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#import","title":"<code>import</code> \u548c\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u51fd\u6570","text":""},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_18","title":"\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u51fd\u6570","text":"<p>\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e93\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u7f6e\u5728 Python \u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5982 <code>print</code>\u3001<code>input</code>\u3001<code>range</code> \u7b49\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u5e93\u51fd\u6570\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u6a21\u5757\uff08module\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u5b89\u88c5 Python \u65f6\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0a\u3002</p> <p>\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7528 <code>import</code> \u8bed\u53e5\u5bfc\u5165\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5e76\u7528 <code>module.function()</code> \u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u3002</p> <pre><code>import random\n\nrandom.randint()\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_19","title":"\u968f\u673a\u6570\u5e93\u51fd\u6570","text":"<p><code>random</code> \u5e93\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>randint(start, end)</code> \u4ea7\u751f\u95ed\u533a\u95f4\u5185\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6574\u6570</li> <li><code>randrange(start, end, step)</code> \u548c <code>range()</code> \u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6574\u6570</li> <li><code>random()</code> \u4ea7\u751f 0.0 \u5230 1.0 \uff08\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\uff09\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570</li> <li><code>uniform(start, end)</code> \u8303\u56f4\u5185\u968f\u673a\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570</li> </ul> <p><code>random</code> \u5e93\u751f\u6210\u7684\u4e5f\u662f\u4f2a\u968f\u673a\u6570\u3002\u5bfc\u5165 <code>random</code> \u5e93\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u83b7\u53d6\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u949f\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u79cd\u5b50\u503c\u3002</p> <p>\u5b89\u5168\u4e0a\u7684\u63d0\u793a</p> <p>\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u949f\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u5ea6\u4e00\u822c\u4e3a 0.01 \u79d2\u3002</p> <p>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>seed()</code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u79cd\u5b50\u503c\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u80fd\u5236\u9020\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6570\u5e8f\u5217\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_20","title":"\u7f16\u5199\u6709\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7684\u51fd\u6570","text":"<p>\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u7528 <code>return</code> \u8bed\u53e5\u5c06\u503c\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> <p>\u672c\u8282\u8fd8\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528 IPO \u56fe\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u3001\u5904\u7406\u548c\u8f93\u51fa\u3002</p> <p>\u5728 Python \u4e2d\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd4\u56de\u591a\u4e2a\u503c\u3002\u5728\u8d4b\u503c\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u7b49\u53f7\u53f3\u8fb9\u653e\u7f6e\u5bf9\u5e94\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002</p> <pre><code>def multi_ret(val1, val2):\n    return val1, val2\n\na, b = multiret(c, d)\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#math","title":"<code>math</code> \u5e93","text":"<p>\u9664\u4e86\u548c C \u5e93\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>ceil()</code></li> <li><code>degrees()</code>, <code>radians()</code></li> <li><code>exp()</code></li> <li><code>floor()</code></li> <li><code>hypot(x, y)</code></li> <li><code>log10()</code></li> </ul> <p>\u5e38\u91cf\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>math.pi</code></li> <li><code>math.e</code></li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_21","title":"\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7f16\u7a0b","text":"<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u5199\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u3002Python \u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4f1a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u548c\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u67e5\u627e\u6a21\u5757\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_22","title":"\u673a\u5668\u9f9f\u6765\u54af\uff01","text":"<p>\u672c\u8282\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u673a\u5668\u9f9f\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u7565\u8fc7\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#ch6","title":"Ch6. \u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5f02\u5e38","text":""},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_23","title":"\u6587\u4ef6\u7b80\u4ecb","text":"<p>Python \u5141\u8bb8\u5904\u7406\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u53ea\u8bb2\u89e3\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002Python \u540c\u6837\u63d0\u4f9b\u987a\u5e8f\u5b58\u53d6\u548c\u968f\u673a\u5b58\u53d6\uff08\u76f4\u63a5\u5b58\u53d6\uff09\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8bbf\u95ee\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u53ea\u8bb2\u89e3\u987a\u5e8f\u5b58\u53d6\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6982\u5ff5</li> </ul> <p>\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u4e0e\u7279\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002Python \u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002</p> <ul> <li><code>open(filename, mode)</code> \u51fd\u6570</li> </ul> <p>\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002</p> <p>\u672c\u4e66\u53ea\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e09\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a<code>r</code>, <code>w</code>, <code>a</code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0e C \u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u4ee5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5f62\u5f0f\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f Windows \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u5728\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u524d\u52a0\u4e0a <code>r</code>\uff1a</p> <pre><code>test_file = open(r'C:\\User\\test.txt', 'w')\n</code></pre> <p>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u524d\u7f00</p> <p>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u524d\u7f00 <code>r</code> \u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u59cb\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u5c06\u4e0d\u4f1a\u89e3\u91ca\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u8f6c\u4e49\u5e8f\u5217\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6</li> </ul> <p>\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61\u6709 <code>write()</code> \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ea\u63a5\u53d7\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\uff1a</p> <pre><code>test_file.write(string)\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6</li> </ul> <p><code>read()</code> \u8fd4\u56de\u6587\u4ef6\u5168\u90e8\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c<code>readLine()</code> \u8fd4\u56de\u5305\u62ec <code>\\n</code> \u7684\u4e00\u884c\u3002\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u5c3e\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u7a7a\u4e32\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5faa\u73af\u63a7\u5236\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6 <code>close()</code>\u3002</li> <li><code>rstrip(str)</code> \u4ece\u53f3\u4fa7\u53bb\u9664\u7279\u5b9a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u6d88\u9664\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u3002</li> <li><code>str()</code> \u5c06\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_24","title":"\u6587\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af\u63a7\u5236","text":"<p>Python \u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u7f16\u5199\u4f18\u96c5\u7684 <code>for</code> \u5faa\u73af\uff1a</p> <pre><code>for variable in file_object:\n    statement\n</code></pre> <p>\u8be5\u5faa\u73af\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6bcf\u884c\u8fed\u4ee3\u4e00\u6b21\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_25","title":"\u5904\u7406\u8bb0\u5f55","text":"<p>\u7b2c 6.3 \u8282\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5904\u7406\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u4f8b\u7a0b\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u4ed4\u7ec6\u7814\u8bfb\uff0c\u5199\u4e00\u904d\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u672c\u8282\u5e94\u5f53\u638c\u63e1\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u8bb0\u5f55\u548c\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u6982\u5ff5</li> <li>\u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u663e\u793a\u8bb0\u5f55</li> <li>\u641c\u7d22\u8bb0\u5f55</li> <li>\u4fee\u6539\u8bb0\u5f55</li> <li>\u5220\u9664\u8bb0\u5f55</li> </ul> <p>\u968f\u673a\u5b58\u53d6\u65b9\u6cd5</p> <p>\u5728\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ec5\u91c7\u7528\u987a\u5e8f\u5b58\u53d6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4fee\u6539\u548c\u5220\u9664\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5b66\u4e60\u4f7f\u7528\u968f\u673a\u8bfb\u5199\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b58\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4f8b\u7a0b\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\uff1a<code>os.remove()</code> \u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6\u548c <code>os.rename()</code> \u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6587\u4ef6\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_26","title":"\u5f02\u5e38","text":"<p>\u5f02\u5e38\u662f\u5bfc\u81f4\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7a81\u7136\u505c\u6b62\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>try</code> \u548c <code>except</code> \u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7528\u67d0\u4e2a\u6570\u9664\u4ee5 0\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u770b\u89c1\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a traceback\u3002</p> <pre><code>Traceback (most recent call last):\n    File \"C:\\Python\\division.py,\" line 13, in &lt;module&gt;\n        main()\nZeroDivisionError: integer division or modulo by zero\n</code></pre> <p>traceback \u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\u663e\u793a\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u7b80\u8981\u8bf4\u660e\u3002</p> <p>\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f02\u5e38\u603b\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u907f\u514d\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u7528\u6237 <code>input</code> \u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u76f8\u4e58\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a <code>int()</code> \u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5c31\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4 <code>ValueError</code> \u5f02\u5e38\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_27","title":"\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u53e5\u67c4","text":"<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4ee3\u7801\u7528\u4e8e\u5f02\u5e38\u629b\u51fa\u65f6\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a</p> <pre><code>try:\n    statement\nexcept ExceptionName:\n    statement\nelse:\n    statement\nfinally:\n    statement\n</code></pre> <ul> <li><code>try</code> \u8bed\u53e5\u5757\u662f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u53d1\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u8bed\u53e5</li> <li>\u5f53 <code>try</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bed\u53e5\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u540e\uff1a<ul> <li>\u82e5\u662f <code>except</code> \u8bed\u53e5\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u5219\u7acb\u523b\u6267\u884c <code>except</code> \u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6267\u884c <code>try/except</code> \u5757\u540e\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u3002</li> <li>\u82e5\u4e0d\u662f <code>except</code> \u8bed\u53e5\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u5219\u8f93\u51fa <code>traceback</code> \u5e76\u505c\u6b62</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u82e5\u6ca1\u6709\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u5219 <code>except</code> \u5757\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u3002</li> <li>\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a\u5f02\u5e38\u540d\u79f0\u7684 <code>except</code> \u8bed\u53e5\u3002</li> <li><code>else</code> \u8bed\u53e5\u5757\u53ea\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6267\u884c\u3002</li> <li><code>finally</code> \u8bed\u53e5\u5757\u5728 <code>try</code> \u548c\u6240\u6709\u5f02\u5e38\u53e5\u67c4\u6267\u884c\u540e\u6267\u884c\uff08\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5f02\u5e38\uff09\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u6267\u884c\u6e05\u7406\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u7b49\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_28","title":"\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61","text":"<p>\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u65f6\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u5173\u4e8e\u8be5\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u9519\u8bef\u6d88\u606f\u3002</p> <pre><code>except ValueError as err:\n</code></pre> <p>\u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u505a\u6cd5\u5c06\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61\u8d4b\u7ed9 <code>err</code> \u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9 <code>print()</code> \u7b49\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u663e\u793a Python \u4e3a\u8be5\u7c7b\u9519\u8bef\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u9519\u8bef\u6d88\u606f\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#ch7","title":"Ch7. \u5217\u8868\u548c\u5143\u7ec4","text":"<p>\u5e8f\u5217\u662f\u4fdd\u5b58\u591a\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u9879\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u5b58\u50a8\u3002\u4e24\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u5e8f\u5217\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\uff1a\u5217\u8868\u548c\u5143\u7ec4\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bb9\u7eb3\u5404\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u5217\u8868\u662f\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\uff0c\u5143\u7ec4\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_29","title":"\u5217\u8868","text":"<pre><code>even_numbers = [2, 4, 6, 8, 10]\ninfo = ['Alice', 27, 10.45]\n</code></pre> <p>\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>list()</code> \u5c06\u7279\u5b9a\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\u3002     <pre><code>numbers = list(range(5))\n</code></pre></li> <li><code>*</code> \u91cd\u590d\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff1a\u5f53\u5b83\u7684\u5de6\u8fb9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u53f3\u8fb9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u590d\u5236\u5217\u8868\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u526f\u672c\u5e76\u8fde\u63a5     <pre><code>numbers = [0] * 5\n</code></pre></li> <li><code>for</code> \u5faa\u73af\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5217\u8868\u4e0a\u8fed\u4ee3</li> <li><code>list[1]</code> \u4e0b\u6807\u8bbf\u95ee\u79f0\u4e3a\u7d22\u5f15\u3002<ul> <li>\u8d1f\u7d22\u5f15\u5c06\u4ece\u5217\u8868\u5c3e\u90e8\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u8d1f\u7d22\u5f15\u4e0e\u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\u76f8\u52a0\u5f97\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7d22\u5f15\u662f <code>[-1]</code>\u3002</li> <li>\u65e0\u6548\u7d22\u5f15\u5f15\u53d1 <code>IndexError</code> \u5f02\u5e38\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li><code>len()</code> \u8fd4\u56de\u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\u3002</li> <li>\u5207\u7247\uff1a<code>days[2:5]</code> \u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u4ece\u7d22\u5f15 2 \u5230\u7d22\u5f15 5 \u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00\uff09\u3002<ul> <li>\u4ece\u5934\u5f00\u59cb\uff1a<code>days[:5]</code></li> <li>\u76f4\u5230\u5c3e\u90e8\uff1a<code>days[2:]</code></li> <li>\u6574\u4e2a\u526f\u672c\uff1a<code>days[:]</code></li> <li>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6b65\u957f\uff1a<code>days[1:8:2]</code></li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u65e0\u6548\u7684\u5207\u7247\u7d22\u5f15</p> <p>\u65e0\u6548\u7684\u5207\u7247\u7d22\u5f15\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u5f02\u5e38\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u8d85\u8fc7\u5c3e\u90e8\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6</li> <li>\u8d85\u8fc7\u5934\u90e8\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u5f00\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e</li> <li><code>start</code> \u5927\u4e8e <code>end</code> \u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u7a7a\u5217\u8868</li> </ul> <ul> <li>\u67e5\u627e\uff1a<code>item in list</code>\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e3a\u771f\u3002</li> <li><code>list.append(item)</code></li> <li><code>list.index(item)</code>\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\uff0c\u629b\u51fa <code>ValueError</code> \u5f02\u5e38</li> <li><code>list.insert(index, item)</code>\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a\u65e0\u6548\u7d22\u5f15\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u66ff\u4ee3\u3002</li> <li><code>list.sort()</code>\uff0c\u5347\u5e8f\u6392\u5217</li> <li><code>list.remove(item)</code>\uff0c\u79fb\u9664\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\uff0c\u629b\u51fa <code>ValueError</code> \u5f02\u5e38\u3002</li> <li><code>list.reverse()</code></li> <li>\u5220\u9664\uff1a<code>del list[2]</code></li> <li>\u6700\u503c\uff1a<code>max()</code> \u548c <code>min()</code></li> </ul> <p>\u62f7\u8d1d\u5217\u8868</p> <p>\u56de\u5fc6\uff1a\u5728 Python \u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u7ed9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u5f15\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002</p> <p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u4f7f\u7528\u5faa\u73af\u548c <code>.append()</code> \u590d\u5236\u5217\u8868</li> <li>\u4f7f\u7528\u8fde\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff1a<code>list2 = [] + list1</code></li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_30","title":"\u5904\u7406\u5217\u8868","text":"<ul> <li>\u521b\u5efa\u5217\u8868\u5e76\u904d\u5386\uff1a     <pre><code>hours = [0] * NUM\nfor index in range(NUM)\n    statement\n</code></pre></li> </ul> <p>\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u7528\u4e0b\u6807\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u7528\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5217\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_31","title":"\u5217\u8868\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6","text":"<p>\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61\u5177\u6709\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>file.writelines()</code> \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c06\u6574\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e0d\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u7a7a\u683c</li> <li><code>file.readlines()</code> \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c06\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u8fd4\u56de\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5217\u8868</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_32","title":"\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5d4c\u5957\u5217\u8868\uff09","text":"<p>\u5217\u8868\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5217\u8868\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_33","title":"\u5143\u7ec4","text":"<p>\u5143\u7ec4\uff08tuple\uff09\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u3002</p> <pre><code>tuple = (1, 2, 3, 4)\n</code></pre> <p>\u5143\u7ec4\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u4e0e\u5217\u8868\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u4e0b\u6807\u7d22\u5f15</li> <li>\u5404\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5982 <code>index()</code></li> <li>\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570\u5982 <code>len()</code>\u3001<code>min()</code> \u548c <code>max()</code></li> <li>\u5207\u7247</li> <li><code>in</code></li> <li><code>+</code> \u548c <code>*</code></li> </ul> <p>\u4e0d\u652f\u6301 <code>append</code>\u3001<code>remove</code> \u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u521b\u5efa\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5143\u7ec4\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u52a0\u9017\u53f7 <code>tuple = (1,)</code>\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u53ea\u662f\u8d4b\u503c\u3002</p> <ul> <li><code>list()</code> \u5c06\u5143\u7ec4\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u5217\u8868</li> <li><code>tuple()</code> \u5c06\u5217\u8868\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5143\u7ec4</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#matplotlib","title":"\u4e13\u9898\uff1a<code>matplotlib</code> \u5305","text":"<p><code>matplotlib</code> \u4e0d\u662f\u6807\u51c6 Python \u5e93\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a</p> <pre><code>sudo pip3 install matplotlib\n</code></pre> \u9644\u5f55 F\uff1a<code>pip</code> \u5de5\u5177 <p>\u8bb8\u591a\u72ec\u7acb\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u7f16\u5199\u7684 Python \u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u6807\u51c6 Python \u5e93\u4e0d\u5177\u5907\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5728 PyPI \u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u6a21\u5757\u3002</p> <p>PyPI \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e3a\u5305\uff0c\u4ece Python 3.4 \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c<code>pip</code> \u5de5\u5177\u8fdb\u5165\u6807\u51c6 Python\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 <code>pip</code> \u5de5\u5177\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff0c\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u662f\u5426\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a</p> <pre><code>sudo pip3 install package_name\npython3\n&gt;&gt;&gt; import package_name\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_34","title":"\u5bfc\u5165\u6a21\u5757","text":"<p><code>matplotlib</code> \u5305\u4e2d\u542b\u6709\u7684 <code>pyplot</code> \u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed8\u56fe\u529f\u80fd\u3002</p> <pre><code>import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\nplt.plot(arguments...)\n</code></pre> <p>\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u5bfc\u5165\u5e76\u4e3a\u6a21\u5757\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u522b\u540d\u3002\u56de\u5fc6\uff1a\u8c03\u7528\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u52a0\u4e0a\u524d\u7f00\u3002</p> \u9644\u5f55 E\uff1a<code>import</code> \u8bed\u53e5\u8be6\u89e3 <ul> <li>\u4ece\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u7c7b\uff1a<code>from math import sqrt</code><ul> <li>\u8fd9\u5c06\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u800c\u4e0d\u7528\u52a0\u4e0a\u6a21\u5757\u540d\u79f0\u3002</li> <li>\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u591a\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff1a<code>from math import sqrt, radians</code></li> <li>\u652f\u6301\u901a\u914d\u5bfc\u5165\uff1a<code>from math import *</code></li> </ul> </li> <li>\u522b\u540d\uff1a<code>as</code> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u4e3a\u6a21\u5757\u5206\u914d\u522b\u540d\u3002<ul> <li>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u4e0a\u9762\u7684 <code>from</code> \u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<code>from math import sqrt as sqaure_root, tan as tangent</code></li> </ul> </li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_35","title":"\u6298\u7ebf\u56fe","text":"<p>\u521b\u5efa\u6298\u7ebf\u56fe\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u56e0\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5217\u8868</p> <pre><code>x_coords = [0, 1, 2]\ny_coords = [0, 3, 1]\nplt.plot(x_coords, y_coords, marker='o')\nplt.title('title')\nplt.xlabel('x axis')\nplt.ylabel('y axis')\nplt.xlim(xmin = 1, xmax = 100)\nplt.xticks([0, 1, 2], ['Baseball', 'Basketball', 'Football'])\nplt.grid(True)\nplt.show()\n</code></pre> <p><code>marker</code> \u6807\u8bb0\u7b26\u53f7\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>s</code> \u25a0 \u65b9\u5f62 square</li> <li><code>o</code> \u26aa \u5706\u70b9 dot</li> <li><code>*</code> \u2b50 \u661f\u5f62</li> <li><code>D</code> \ud83d\udc8e \u94bb\u77f3\u5f62</li> </ul> <p>\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u6807\u8bb0\u5b57\u7b26\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u5165\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7528\u7ebf\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\uff1a<code>plt.plot(x, y, 'o')</code>\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_36","title":"\u6761\u5f62\u56fe","text":"<p>\u6761\u5f62\u56fe\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u5206\u522b\u4ee3\u8868\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6761\u5f62\u5de6\u8fb9\u7f18\u7684 X \u5750\u6807\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6761\u5f62\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u3002</p> <pre><code>left_edges = [0, 10, 20, 30, 40]\nheights = [100, 200, 300, 400, 500]\nplt.bar(left_edges, heights, color=('r', 'g', 'b', 'w', 'k'))\nplt.show()\n</code></pre> <ul> <li><code>width</code> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6761\u5f62\u56fe\u7684\u5bbd\u5ea6\u3002</li> <li>\u652f\u6301\u4e0e\u6298\u7ebf\u56fe\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u529f\u80fd\u3002</li> <li><code>plt.barh()</code> \u7ed8\u5236\u6c34\u5e73\u6761\u5f62\u56fe\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_37","title":"\u997c\u56fe","text":"<p>\u997c\u56fe\u4f7f\u7528 <code>pie()</code> \u51fd\u6570\u7ed8\u5236\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6247\u5f62\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<code>pie()</code> \u4f1a\u6309\u7167\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u76f8\u5bf9\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u8ba1\u7b97\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6247\u5f62\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u3002</p> <pre><code>slices = [10, 20, 30, 40]\nplt.pie(slices)\nplt.show()\n</code></pre> <ul> <li><code>labels</code> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6247\u5f62\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u3002</li> <li><code>colors</code> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6247\u5f62\u7684\u989c\u8272\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#ch8","title":"Ch8. \u6df1\u5165\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <ul> <li>\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c<ul> <li>\u9010\u5b57\u7b26\u8bbf\u95ee</li> <li>\u8fde\u63a5</li> <li>\u5207\u7247</li> <li>\u67e5\u627e\u5b50\u4e32</li> <li>\u91cd\u590d</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u5bf9\u8c61\u65b9\u6cd5<ul> <li>\u6d4b\u8bd5</li> <li>\u67e5\u627e\u4e0e\u66ff\u6362</li> <li>\u5206\u5272</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u524d\u4e00\u7ae0\u5b66\u8fc7\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>for</code> \u5faa\u73af\u53ef\u4ee5\u9010\u4e00\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u526f\u672c\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u6539\u53d8\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7684\u503c\u3002</li> <li>\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d6\u5f97\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u5355\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u526f\u672c\u3002\u7d22\u5f15\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u8d1f\u6570\uff0c\u4ece\u53f3\u5411\u5de6\u8ba1\u6570\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8d85\u51fa\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77 <code>IndexError</code> \u5f02\u5e38\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4e00\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>len()</code> \u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u957f\u5ea6</li> <li><code>+</code> \u8fde\u63a5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c<code>+=</code> \u8fde\u63a5\u5e76\u8d4b\u503c\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u5de6\u4fa7\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u53d8\u91cf\u3002</li> <li>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5207\u7247\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u7684</p> <p>Python \u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4f60\u4e0d\u80fd\u6539\u53d8\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u6539\u53d8\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002</p> <ul> <li><code>in</code> \u68c0\u67e5\u5b50\u4e32\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u3002</li> <li><code>not in</code> \u68c0\u67e5\u5b50\u4e32\u662f\u5426\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_38","title":"\u5bf9\u8c61\u65b9\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u4e0d\u5217\u51fa\u5168\u90e8\uff0c\u53ef\u81ea\u5df1\u7c7b\u63a8\u3002</p> <p>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>isdigit()</code></li> <li><code>isalnum()</code></li> <li><code>islower()</code></li> </ul> <p>\u548c C \u633a\u50cf\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u4fee\u6539\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>lower()</code></li> <li><code>lstrip()</code> \u4ece\u5de6\u4fa7\u5220\u9664\u7a7a\u767d\u5b57\u7b26</li> <li><code>lstrip(char)</code> \u4ece\u5de6\u4fa7\u5220\u9664\u5b57\u7b26</li> <li><code>rstrip()</code></li> <li><code>strip()</code> \u4ece\u5de6\u53f3\u5220\u9664\u7a7a\u767d</li> </ul> <p>\u67e5\u627e\u4e0e\u66ff\u6362\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>endswith(substring)</code> \u662f\u5426\u4ee5\u5b50\u4e32\u7ed3\u5c3e</li> <li><code>find(substring)</code></li> <li><code>replace(old, new)</code></li> <li><code>startswith(substring)</code></li> </ul> <p>\u91cd\u590d\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26 <code>*</code>\uff1a</p> <pre><code>for count in range(8, 0, -1):\n    print('z' * count)\n</code></pre> <ul> <li><code>split(char)</code> \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4ee5\u7a7a\u683c\u5206\u5272\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5217\u8868</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#ch9","title":"Ch9. \u5b57\u5178\u4e0e\u96c6\u5408","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <ul> <li>\u5b57\u5178</li> <li>\u96c6\u5408</li> <li>\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e8f\u5217\u5316</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_39","title":"\u5b57\u5178","text":"<p>\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u952e\uff1a\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5982\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3001\u6574\u6570\u3001\u5143\u7ec4</li> <li>\u503c\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u7c7b\u578b\u5bf9\u8c61</li> </ul> <p>\u521b\u5efa\u5b57\u5178\uff1a\u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u653e\u5728\u5927\u62ec\u53f7\u5185\u521b\u5efa\uff1a</p> <pre><code>book = {'xxx':'555-111', 'www':'666-111'}\n</code></pre> <p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u7a7a\u5b57\u5178\u3002</p> <p>\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6709\u5e8f\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u5b57\u5178\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u68c0\u7d22\uff1a<code>dictionary[key]</code><ul> <li>\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u65f6\u629b\u51fa <code>KeyError</code></li> </ul> </li> <li>\u68c0\u67e5 <code>in</code>, <code>not in</code></li> <li>\u6dfb\u52a0\u6216\u66ff\u6362\u5143\u7d20\uff1a<code>dictionary[key] = value</code></li> <li>\u5220\u9664\uff1a<code>del dictionary[key]</code></li> <li>\u6570\u91cf\uff1a<code>len()</code></li> <li><code>for</code> \u5faa\u73af\u53ef\u4ee5\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u952e</li> </ul> <p>\u5bf9\u8c61\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>clear()</code></li> <li><code>get(key, default)</code> \u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u65f6\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38</li> <li><code>items()</code> \u4ee5\u5143\u7ec4\u5f62\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\u6240\u6709\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u5b57\u5178\u89c6\u56fe\uff0c\u957f\u8fd9\u6837\uff1a<code>[('xxx', '555-111'), ('www', '666-111')]</code></li> <li><code>keys()</code> \u8fd4\u56de\u6240\u6709\u952e</li> <li><code>pop(key, default)</code> \u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94\u503c\u5e76\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9</li> <li><code>popitem()</code> \u4ee5\u5143\u7ec4\u5f62\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\u968f\u673a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u5e76\u5220\u9664<ul> <li>\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u91cd\u8d4b\u503c\uff1a<code>key, value = dictionary.popitem()</code>\uff0c\u591a\u91cd\u8d4b\u503c\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u952e\u548c\u503c\u5206\u522b\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u591a\u4e2a\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li><code>values()</code></li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_40","title":"\u96c6\u5408","text":"<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u548c\u6570\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u7ec4\u552f\u4e00\u503c\u3002\u6b64\u5916\u5b83\u65e0\u5e8f\u3001\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u7c7b\u578b\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002</p> <p>\u521b\u5efa\u96c6\u5408\uff1a</p> <pre><code>myset = set()\n</code></pre> <p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a <code>set()</code> \u4f20\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u3001\u5143\u7ec4\u6216\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u7684\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5143\u7d20\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u53bb\u91cd\u5e76\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f20\u9012\u591a\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5982 <code>set('aa', 'bb')</code>\u3002</p> <p>\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>len()</code></li> <li><code>for</code> \u5faa\u73af\u8fed\u4ee3</li> <li><code>in</code> \u548c <code>not in</code></li> </ul> <p>\u5bf9\u8c61\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>.add()</code></li> <li><code>.update()</code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5143\u7d20</li> <li><code>.remove()</code> \u6216 <code>.discard()</code> \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20<ul> <li><code>remove()</code> \u4f1a\u629b\u51fa <code>KeyError</code> \u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u800c <code>discard()</code> \u4e0d\u4f1a</li> </ul> </li> <li><code>.clear()</code></li> </ul> <p>\u96c6\u5408\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>union(set2)</code></li> <li><code>intersection(set2)</code></li> <li><code>difference(set2)</code><ul> <li>\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>-</code> \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26</li> </ul> </li> <li><code>symmetric_difference(set2)</code> \u8fd4\u56de\u4e24\u4e2a\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u4e0d\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u5bf9\u79f0\u5dee\u96c6\uff09<ul> <li>\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>^</code> \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26</li> </ul> </li> <li><code>issubset(set2)</code> \u662f\u5426\u662f\u5b50\u96c6</li> <li><code>issuperset()</code></li> </ul> <p>\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 <code>&lt;=</code> \u548c <code>=&gt;</code> \u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u4ee3\u66ff\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#pickling","title":"\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\uff08Pickling\uff09","text":"<p>\u5c06\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5b57\u8282\u6d41\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u79f0\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u3002\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684 <code>pickle</code> \u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002</p> <pre><code>import pickle\noutputfile = open('mydata.dat', 'wb')\npickle.dump(object, outputfile)\noutputfile.close()\n\ninputfile = open('mydata.dat', 'rb')\nobject = pickle.load(file)\ninputfile.close()\n</code></pre> <p>\u5f53\u8bfb\u53d6\u8d85\u8fc7\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u65f6\uff0c<code>load()</code> \u629b\u51fa <code>EOFError</code> \u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u524d\u9762\u5b66\u8fc7\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u6765\u8bc6\u522b\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\uff1a</p> <pre><code>while not end_of_file:\n    try:\n        person = pickle.load(input_file)\n    except EOFError:\n        end_of_file = True\n</code></pre> <p>Note</p> <p>Python \u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u540e\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u5982 C \u90a3\u6837\u7eaf\u51c0\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5728 C \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 <code>fwrite()</code> \u5411\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5199\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u53ea\u6709\u5b57\u7b26\u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u82e5\u5c06 Python \u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5bf9\u8c61\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u89e3\u7801\u51fa\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5219\u524d\u540e\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u8bb0\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#ch10","title":"Ch10. \u7c7b\u4e0e\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <ul> <li>\u521b\u5efa\u7c7b</li> <li>\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b</li> <li>\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5b9e\u4f8b</li> <li>\u5982\u4f55\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b</li> </ul> <p>\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u601d\u60f3\u5728 C++ \u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\u4e2d\u6709\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u518d\u8d58\u8ff0\u3002\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u5c01\u88c5\u3001\u516c\u5171\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u79c1\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u5c5e\u6027\u3001\u7c7b\u3001\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_41","title":"\u521b\u5efa\u7c7b","text":"<pre><code>class Coin:\n    def __init__(self):\n        self.sideup = 'heads'\n\n    def toss(self):\n        if random.randint(0, 1) == 0\n            self.sideup = 'heads'\n        else:\n            self.sideup = 'tails'\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u9700\u8981 <code>self</code> \u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u547d\u540d\u4e3a <code>self</code> \u4f46\u8fd9\u662f\u60ef\u4f8b\u3002</li> <li>\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7c7b\u90fd\u5177\u6709 <code>__init__()</code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff0c\u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002</li> <li>\u4e0a\u9762\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u7c7b\u4e2d\uff0c<code>sideup</code> \u5c5e\u6027\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u79c1\u6709\u7684\u3002\u8981\u9690\u85cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u5982 <code>__sideup</code>\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_42","title":"\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b","text":"<pre><code>def main():\n    mycoin = Coin()\n</code></pre> <p>\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4e24\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\uff1a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u88ab\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_43","title":"\u6a21\u5757\u5316","text":"<p>\u628a\u7c7b\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 <code>import</code> \u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\uff1a</p> <pre><code>import coin\ndef main():\n    mycoin = coin.Coin()\n</code></pre> <p>\u8bb0\u5f97\u52a0\u4e0a\u5305\u540d\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_44","title":"\u65b9\u6cd5","text":"<ul> <li><code>__str__()</code> \u628a\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9 <code>print()</code> \u51fd\u6570\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u7528\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u5206\u7c7b\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u8bbf\u95ee\u5668\uff08Accessor \u6216 getter\uff09\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4fee\u6539\u5b83\u3002</li> <li>\u4fee\u6539\u5668\uff08Mutator \u6216 setter\uff09\uff1a\u4fee\u6539\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_45","title":"\u5b9e\u4f8b","text":"<p>\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u5e8f\u5217\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u7b49\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u524d\u4e00\u76f4\u505a\u7684\u90a3\u6837\u3002</p> <p>\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7c7b\u7684\u6280\u5de7</p> <p>\u4e66\u672c 10.4 \u8282\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u7c7b\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8303\u5f0f\u3002\u8fd9\u5957\u89c4\u5219\u6bd4\u8f83\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5b8c\u6574\u9605\u8bfb\u4e00\u904d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u52a8\u4ece\u6587\u5b57\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u7c7b\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7684 AI \u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6216\u8bb8\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u8fd9\u4e00\u8303\u5f0f\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#ch11","title":"Ch.11 \u7ee7\u627f","text":"<p>\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u7528\u8bcd</p> <p>\u672c\u4e66\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u8d85\u7c7b = \u57fa\u7c7b</li> <li>\u5b50\u7c7b = \u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b</li> </ul> <p>\u7ee7\u627f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd is a \u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5373\u5b50\u7c7b\u5177\u6709\u8d85\u7c7b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f7f\u81ea\u5df1\u7279\u6b8a\u5316\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u7279\u5f81\u3002</p> <p>\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ee7\u627f\u7684\u7c7b\uff0c\u5728\u7c7b\u540d\u540e\u8ddf\u4e0a\u8d85\u7c7b\u7684\u7c7b\u540d\u5373\u53ef\uff1a</p> <pre><code>class Car(Automobile):\n    def __init__(self, ...):\n        Automobile.__init__(self, ...)\n        self.__xxx = xxx\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>\u5b50\u7c7b\u7ee7\u627f\u4e86\u8d85\u7c7b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5c5e\u6027\u3002</li> <li>\u4e00\u822c\u8c03\u7528\u8d85\u7c7b\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_46","title":"\u540e\u7eed\u7ae0\u8282","text":"<p>\u672c\u4e66\u7b2c 12\u300113 \u5f20\u5206\u522b\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u9012\u5f52\u548c GUI \u7f16\u7a0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8df3\u8fc7\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u8bf7\u79fb\u6b65\u81f3\uff1aPython \u7f16\u7a0b\uff1a\u4ece\u5165\u95e8\u5230\u5b9e\u8df5</p>"},{"location":"books/CSAPP/","title":"\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u89e3\u91ca\u6240\u6709\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5e76\u5c55\u793a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u5b9e\u5728\u5728\u5730\u5f71\u54cd\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5730\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u5b9e\u7528\u6027\u7684\u3002\u5b66\u4e60\u672c\u4e66\uff0c\u4f60\u80fd\u591f\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u77e5\u8bc6\u6765\u7f16\u5199\u51fa\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002</p> <p>\u5b66\u4e60\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u9884\u4fee\u8981\u6c42\u662f\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u5bf9 C/C++ \u8bed\u8a00\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e86\u89e3</li> <li>\u5bf9 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e86\u89e3</li> <li>\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u786c\u4ef6\u3001\u673a\u5668\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u6c47\u7f16\u8bed\u8a00\u7ecf\u9a8c</li> </ul> <p>\u9605\u8bfb\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u6700\u597d\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\uff1a\u8ddf\u7740\u505a\uff0c\u5728\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u89e3\u51b3\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002</p> <p>\u6bcf\u7ae0\u4f5c\u4e1a\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u9644\u5728\u7b14\u8bb0\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u8282\u3002\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ee3\u7801\u76f4\u63a5\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u4ed3\u5e93\uff0c\u4e0d\u5728\u7b14\u8bb0\u4e2d\u5c55\u793a\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CSAPP/Chapter1/","title":"Ch1. \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6f2b\u6e38","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u672c\u7ae0\u5feb\u901f\u8fc7\u4e86\u4e00\u904d\u672c\u4e66\u5c06\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u3002</p> <p>\u521d\u6b21\u9605\u8bfb\u65f6\u4e0d\u7406\u89e3\u6ca1\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6b7b\u8bb0\u786c\u80cc\uff0c\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\u4e66\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e00\u5c55\u5f00\u3002</p> <p>Amdahl \u5b9a\u5f8b</p> <p>\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u52a0\u901f\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u8be5\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u548c\u52a0\u901f\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff1a</p> \\[ S=\\frac1{(1-\\alpha)+\\alpha/k} \\] <p>\u5176\u4e2d \\(S\\) \u662f\u52a0\u901f\u524d\u540e\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6bd4\uff0c\\(\\alpha\\) \u662f\u6240\u52a0\u901f\u90e8\u5206\u5360\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u95f4\u6bd4\uff0c\\(k\\) \u662f\u8be5\u90e8\u5206\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3002</p> <p>\u5e76\u53d1\u548c\u5e76\u884c</p> <p>\u4e66\u672c\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u5e76\u53d1\uff08concurrency\uff09\u6307\u540c\u65f6\u5177\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002</li> <li>\u5e76\u884c\uff08parallelism\uff09\u6307\u4f7f\u7528\u5e76\u53d1\u4f7f\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u5f97\u66f4\u5feb\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u66f4\u6613\u61c2\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u5e76\u884c\uff1a\u4e24\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u4e92\u4e0d\u5e72\u6270\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u3002</li> <li>\u5e76\u53d1\uff1a\u540c\u65f6\u5b89\u6392\u82e5\u5e72\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4efb\u52a1\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f7c\u6b64\u7a7f\u63d2\u7740\u8fdb\u884c\uff1b\u6709\u4e9b\u4efb\u52a1\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5e76\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4e70\u83dc\u3001\u53d1\u90ae\u4ef6\u548c\u53bb\u5e7c\u513f\u56ed\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u8def\u9014\u662f\u91cd\u53e0\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u4f60\u7684\u786e\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u505a\u4e09\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff1b\u4f46\u8fdb\u83dc\u5e02\u573a\u548c\u53d1\u90ae\u4ef6\u548c\u63a5\u5a03\u4e09\u8005\u662f\u4e92\u65a5\u7684\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65f6\u523b\u53ea\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4ef6\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u5e76\u53d1\u5141\u8bb8\u4e24\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u5f7c\u6b64\u5e72\u6270\u3002 \u4e32\u884c\u8fd8\u662f\u5e76\u53d1\uff0c\u8fd9\u90fd\u662f\u4efb\u52a1\u5b89\u6392\u8005\u89c6\u89d2\u770b\u5230\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u201c\u5e76\u884c\u201d\u662f\u4efb\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u8005\u89c6\u89d2\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u7b80\u5355\u4e86\u89e3\u4e09\u4e2a\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ea7\u5e76\u53d1</li> </ul> <p>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b</p> <ul> <li>\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f<ul> <li>\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002</li> <li>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u662f\u72ec\u5360\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u5904\u7406\u5668\u3001\u4e3b\u5b58\u548c I/O \u8bbe\u5907\u3002</li> <li>\u4f7f\u7528\u5e76\u53d1\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea4\u9519\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff1a\u73b0\u4ee3\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7531\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ec4\u6210\u3002<ul> <li>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u90fd\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u5171\u4eab\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u5168\u5c40\u6570\u636e\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u80fd\u9ad8\u6548\u6ee1\u8db3\u5e76\u884c\u5904\u7406\u8981\u6c42\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u591a\u5904\u7406\u5668\u53ef\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u80fd\u6781\u5927\u63d0\u5347\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u8d85\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff1a\u53c8\u79f0\u540c\u65f6\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u6307 CPU \u6267\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u63a7\u5236\u6d41\u3002<ul> <li>\u5b9e\u73b0\u539f\u7406\u662f CPU \u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u786c\u4ef6\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u5907\u4efd\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u548c\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/CSAPP/Chapter2/","title":"Ch2. \u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u8868\u793a\u548c\u5904\u7406","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/CSAPP/Chapter2/#21","title":"2.1 \u4fe1\u606f\u5b58\u50a8","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u672c\u7ae0\u4e3b\u8981\u8bb2\u89e3\u4e00\u4e9b\u548c\u5b57\u8282\u7f16\u7801\u6709\u5173\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e0b\u4e00\u7ae0\u9605\u8bfb\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u636e\u5960\u5b9a\u57fa\u7840\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\uff1a<ul> <li>\u719f\u8bb0 <code>A, C, F</code> \u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8868\u793a\u5373\u53ef\u3002</li> <li>\u7ec3\u4e60\uff1a\u5bf9\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u505a\u52a0\u51cf\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002\u5982\u4f55\u501f\u4f4d\uff1f</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u5b57\u957f<ul> <li>\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u8bf4\u7684\u201c32 \u4f4d\u201d\u7b49\uff0c\u6307\u7684\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u5b57\u957f\uff0c\u5373\u6307\u9488\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6807\u79f0\u957f\u5ea6\u3002</li> <li>\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u201c32 \u4f4d\u201d\u6216\u201c64 \u4f4d\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u6307\u7684\u662f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002</li> <li>gcc \u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528 <code>-m32</code> \u548c <code>-m64</code> \u9009\u9879\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u5b57\u957f\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f<ul> <li>C \u6807\u51c6\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u8303\u56f4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u4e0b\u754c\uff0c\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e0a\u754c\u3002</li> <li>\u4f7f\u7528 C99 \u5f15\u5165\u7684 <code>int32_t</code> \u548c <code>int64_t</code> \u7b49\u7c7b\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f\u3002</li> <li>\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u6709\u7b26\u53f7\u7684\uff0c<code>char</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u672a\u4f5c\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u540c\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u5bfb\u5740\u548c\u5b57\u8282\u987a\u5e8f<ul> <li>\u5927\u591a\u6570\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5730\u5740\u662f\u6240\u5360\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002</li> <li>Intel \u673a\u5668\u4e00\u822c\u91c7\u7528\u5c0f\u7aef\u6cd5\uff1a\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u4f4d\u5b57\u8282\u653e\u5728\u6700\u524d\u9762\u3002\u6bd4\u5982 <code>0x123456</code> \u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u987a\u5e8f\u653e\u7f6e\u4e3a <code>56 34 12</code>\u3002</li> <li>Android \u548c iOS \u90fd\u53ea\u80fd\u91c7\u7528\u5c0f\u7aef\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u5728 ARM \u5fae\u5904\u7406\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u5176\u786c\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3a\u5927\u7aef/\u5c0f\u7aef\u4e24\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5b57\u8282\u987a\u5e8f\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u9001\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u636e\u3001\u68c0\u67e5\u673a\u5668\u7ea7\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u7f16\u5199\u89c4\u907f\u7c7b\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u7ec3\u4e60\uff1a\u4e66\u672c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 <code>show_bytes</code> \u4f8b\u7a0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u67e5\u673a\u5668\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u987a\u5e8f\u3002</p> <p>Note</p> <p>\u6307\u9488\u7684\u5f3a\u5236\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u6307\u9488\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u544a\u8bc9\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4ee5\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u770b\u5f85\u8be5\u6307\u9488\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4e66\u672c\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u6307\u9488\u548c\u7c7b\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u7531\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u6240\u63a7\u5236\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5e03\u5c14\u4ee3\u6570<ul> <li>\u638c\u63e1\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u56db\u79cd\u5e03\u5c14\u8fd0\u7b97\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u5728\u201c\u79bb\u6563\u6570\u5b66\u53ca\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u201d\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e2d\u3002</li> <li>\u4f4d\u5411\u91cf\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u4e3a\u96c6\u5408\u7f16\u7801\u3002</li> <li>\u7ec3\u4e60\u9898\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u5229\u7528 <code>a^a=0</code> \u6027\u8d28\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u4e09\u53d8\u91cf\u4ea4\u6362\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u4f46\u8bf7\u4e0d\u8981\u7528\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5bf9\u6307\u5411\u540c\u4e00\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u6307\u9488\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u6362\u65f6\u3002</li> <li>\u9700\u8981\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u6280\u80fd\u662f\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u6839\u636e\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u5e03\u5c14\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6784\u9020\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5e03\u5c14\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u89c2\u5bdf\u771f\u503c\u8868\u5bfb\u627e\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u5b66\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u89e3\u6790\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5e03\u5c14\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u79fb\u4f4d\u8fd0\u7b97<ul> <li>\u7b80\u8bb0\uff1a\u53f3\u79fb\u65f6\uff0c\u903b\u8f91\u8865 0\uff0c\u7b97\u6570\u8865\u6700\u9ad8\u4f4d\u3002\u79fb\u52a8\u65f6\u53d6\u6a21\u3002</li> <li>\u79fb\u4f4d\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4f4e\u4e8e\u52a0\u51cf\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u9ad8\u4e8e\u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/CSAPP/Chapter2/#22","title":"2.2 \u6574\u6570\u8868\u793a","text":"<p>\u8df3\u8fc7\uff01</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/CSAPP/Chapter2/#23","title":"2.3 \u6574\u6570\u8fd0\u7b97","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/CSAPP/Chapter3/","title":"Ch3. \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7ea7\u8868\u793a","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u672c\u7ae0\u5b66\u4e60\u6c47\u7f16\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u673a\u5668\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u5b66\u4e60\u672c\u7ae0\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u638c\u63e1\u7f16\u8bd1\u3001\u53cd\u7f16\u8bd1\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u591f\u9605\u8bfb\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\u3002</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/CSAPP/Chapter3/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177","text":"<ul> <li><code>gcc -Og -S test.c</code><ul> <li><code>-S</code>: \u8c03\u7528\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\uff08<code>.s</code> \u540e\u7f00\uff09\u3002</li> <li><code>-c</code>: \u8c03\u7528\u6c47\u7f16\u5668\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u672a\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u6ca1\u586b\u5165\u5168\u5c40\u503c\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff09\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u673a\u5668\u4ee3\u7801\uff09\uff08<code>.o</code> \u6216 <code>.obj</code> \u540e\u7f00\uff09\u3002</li> <li><code>-o</code>: \u6307\u5b9a\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u673a\u5668\u4ee3\u7801\uff09\u540d\uff08<code>.exe</code> \u6216\u65e0\u540e\u7f00\uff09\u3002</li> <li><code>-Og</code>: \uff08\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u4f18\u5316\uff09\u751f\u6210\u7b26\u5408\u539f\u59cb C \u4ee3\u7801\u6574\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u673a\u5668\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u672c\u7ae0\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u9009\u9879\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b66\u4e60\u5de5\u5177\u3002</li> <li><code>-O1, -O2</code>: \u8f83\u9ad8\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u4f18\u5316</li> </ul> </li> <li><code>objdump -d test.o</code><ul> <li><code>-f</code>: display file header information</li> </ul> </li> <li>GDB \u8c03\u8bd5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u4ee3\u7801<ul> <li>\u9996\u5148\u901a\u8fc7\u53cd\u6c47\u7f16\u5668\u786e\u5b9a\u8be5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u957f\u5ea6</li> <li>(gdb) x/14xb multstore</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/CSAPP/Chapter3/#31","title":"3.1 \u5386\u53f2\u89c2\u70b9","text":"<ul> <li>Intel \u5904\u7406\u5668\u7cfb\u5217\u79f0\u4e3a <code>x86</code>\u3002</li> <li><code>x86-64</code> \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u673a\u5668\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u7535\u8111\u548c\u53f0\u5f0f\u673a\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u3002<ul> <li>\u5b83\u517c\u5bb9\u5b83\u7684 32 \u4f4d\u524d\u8eab\u2014\u2014 <code>IA32</code>\uff08INtel Architecture 32-bit\uff09\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li><code>8086</code> \u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u5904\u7406\u5668\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\u5355\u82af\u7247\u300116 \u4f4d\u5fae\u5904\u7406\u5668\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002</li> <li><code>i386</code> \u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u5904\u7406\u5668\u3002\u5b83\u5c06\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\u6269\u5c55\u5230 32 \u4f4d\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u5e73\u5766\u5bfb\u5740\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0cLinux \u548c Windows \u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/CSAPP/Chapter3/#32","title":"3.2 \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7f16\u7801","text":"<p>\u5b66\u4e60\u673a\u5668\u7ea7\u7f16\u7a0b\u524d\uff0c\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u4e24\u79cd\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u6307\u4ee4\u96c6\u67b6\u6784\u548c\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5c06\u590d\u6742\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0\u62bd\u8c61\u4e3a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6307\u4ee4\u96c6\u67b6\u6784/\u6307\u4ee4\u96c6\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\uff08Instruction Set Architecture, ISA\uff09\uff1a\u5b83\u5b9a\u4e49\u5904\u7406\u5668\u72b6\u6001\u3001\u6307\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f\u3001\u6307\u4ee4\u5bf9\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<ul> <li>ISA \u5c06\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u6761\u6307\u4ee4\u987a\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u786c\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u8fdc\u6bd4\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u7cbe\u7ec6\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u5e76\u53d1\u6267\u884c\u8bb8\u591a\u6307\u4ee4\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u673a\u5668\u7ea7\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u6a21\u578b\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u7ec4\u3002<ul> <li>\u800c\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b9e\u9645\u5b9e\u73b0\u662f\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u786c\u4ef6\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7ec4\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u5b66\u4e60\u673a\u5668\u7ea7\u7f16\u7a0b\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u89c1\u5230 C \u5bf9\u4f60\u9690\u85cf\u7684\u5904\u7406\u5668\u72b6\u6001\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\uff08Program Counter\uff09\uff1a<code>%rip</code>\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0b\u4e00\u6761\u6307\u4ee4\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002</li> <li>\u6574\u6570\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a\u5305\u542b 16 \u4e2a\u547d\u540d\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u5b58\u50a864 \u4f4d\u503c\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8\u5730\u5740\uff08\u6307\u9488\uff09\u6216\u6574\u6570\u6570\u636e\u3002<ul> <li>\u53ef\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u7a0b\u5e8f\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e34\u65f6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5982\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u6761\u4ef6\u7801\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff1a\u6700\u8fd1\u6267\u884c\u7684\u7b97\u672f\u6216\u903b\u8f91\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u63a7\u5236\u6216\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u4e2d\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u5316</li> <li>\u4e00\u7ec4\u5411\u91cf\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u6574\u6570/\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4ece C \u5230\u673a\u5668\u8bed\u8a00\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u673a\u5668\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u5185\u5b58\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u770b\u4f5c\u6309\u5b57\u8282\u5bfb\u5740\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<ul> <li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5185\u5b58\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u673a\u5668\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6240\u9700\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u548c\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u6808\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\u5757\uff08malloc\uff09\u3002\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8d23\u7ffb\u8bd1\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9645\u5904\u7406\u5668\u4e2d\u5185\u5b58\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u673a\u5668\u6307\u4ee4\u4ec5\u6267\u884c\u975e\u5e38\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u76f8\u52a0\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u548c\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f20\u9001\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u5206\u652f\u5230\u65b0\u6307\u4ee4\u5730\u5740\u3002\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5fc5\u987b\u4ea7\u751f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u673a\u5668\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u53cd\u6c47\u7f16\u7279\u6027\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>x86-64 \u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u957f\u5ea6\uff1a1-15 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u4e0d\u7b49\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u6307\u4ee4\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u8f83\u5c11\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u6240\u9700\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u8f83\u5c11</li> <li>\u6307\u4ee4\u8bbe\u8ba1\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a\u67d0\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5b57\u8282\u53ef\u4ee5\u552f\u4e00\u89e3\u7801\u6210\u673a\u5668\u6307\u4ee4\u3002\u5982\u53ea\u6709 <code>pushq %rbx</code> \u662f\u4ee5\u5b57\u8282\u503c 53 \u5f00\u5934</li> <li>\u53cd\u6c47\u7f16\u5668\uff1a\u4ec5\u57fa\u4e8e\u673a\u5668\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u5217\u786e\u5b9a\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\uff1b\u6307\u4ee4\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u5219\u4e0e GCC \u6709\u4e9b\u7ec6\u5fae\u5dee\u522b\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 GCC \u7701\u7565\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u6307\u4ee4\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684 q\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u540e\u7f00\u662f\u5927\u5c0f\u6307\u793a\u7b26\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5ffd\u7565</li> <li>\u5bf9\u4e00\u7ec4\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u8fd0\u884c\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u6240\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\uff1a\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u542f\u52a8\u548c\u7ec8\u6b62\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u548c\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u4ee3\u7801</li> <li>\u94fe\u63a5\u540e\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u53cd\u7f16\u8bd1\uff0c\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u5de6\u4fa7\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u5730\u5740\u4e0d\u540c\uff1a\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u5c06\u5730\u5740\u79fb\u5230\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5730\u5740\u8303\u56f4\u4e2d\uff1b\u4e14\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u586b\u5145\u4e86 <code>callq</code> \u6307\u4ee4\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff08\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u4e4b\u4e00\uff1a\u627e\u5230\u5339\u914d\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff09</li> <li><code>nop(hex = 90)</code> \u6307\u4ee4\uff1a\u5bf9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6ca1\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u51fd\u6570\u4ee3\u7801\u53d8\u4e3a 16 \u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u653e\u7f6e\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7801\u5757</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<ul> <li><code>.</code> \u5f00\u5934\u7684\u884c\u90fd\u662f\u6c47\u7f16\u5668\u548c\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u7684\u4f2a\u6307\u4ee4</li> <li>\u4e66\u672c\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u57fa\u4e8eATT\uff0c\u4e0e GCC\u3001OBJDUMP \u548c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5176\u4ed6\u5de5\u5177\u76f8\u540c</li> <li>Intel\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u88ab Microsoft \u7684\u5de5\u5177\u6240\u91c7\u7528<ul> <li>\u7701\u7565\u6307\u793a\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u540e\u7f00\u5982 <code>q</code></li> <li>\u7701\u7565\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u524d\u7684 <code>%</code></li> <li>\u63cf\u8ff0\u5185\u5b58\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u540c</li> <li>\u5217\u51fa\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0e ATT \u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u4e24\u79cd\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u4e2d\u5f15\u8d77\u6781\u5927\u56f0\u60d1</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li>\u5728 C \u4e2d\u5d4c\u5165\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<ul> <li>\u7528\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u5199\u6574\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5728\u94fe\u63a5\u9636\u6bb5\u5408\u5e76</li> <li>\u5229\u7528 GCC \u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u5d4c\u5165\u4ee3\u7801\uff08\u5185\u8054\u6c47\u7f16 inline assembly\uff09\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 asm \u4f2a\u6307\u4ee4\u5728 C \u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u7b80\u77ed\u7684\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u8fd9\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0e\u673a\u5668\u76f8\u5173</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/CSAPP/Chapter3/#33","title":"3.3 \u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f","text":"<p>\u672f\u8bed\uff1a</p> <ul> <li> <p>\u5b57\u8282 byte: 8 \u4f4d</p> </li> <li> <p>\u5b57 word\uff1a16 \u4f4d</p> </li> <li>\u53cc\u5b57 double words\uff1a32 \u4f4d\uff0832 \u4f4d\u88ab\u770b\u4f5c\u957f\u5b57 long word\uff09</li> <li>\u56db\u5b57 quad words\uff1a64 \u4f4d</li> </ul> C \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b Intel \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b \u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\u540e\u7f00 \u5927\u5c0f(byte) \u5927\u5c0f(bit) char \u5b57\u8282 b 1 8 short \u5b57 w 2 16 int \u53cc\u5b57 l 4 32 long \u56db\u5b57 q 8 64 \u6307\u9488 \u56db\u5b57 q 8 float \u5355\u7cbe\u5ea6 s 4 double \u53cc\u7cbe\u5ea6 l 8 <p>\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u9001\u6307\u4ee4\u6709\uff1a<code>movb, movw, movl, movq</code></p> <ul> <li>\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u548c\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/CSAPP/Chapter3/#34","title":"3.4 \u8bbf\u95ee\u4fe1\u606f","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/CSAPP/Chapter3/#summary-x86-64","title":"Summary: x86-64 \u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784","text":"<p>\u901a\u7528\u76ee\u7684\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff1a16 \u4e2a\u5b58\u50a8 64 \u4f4d\u503c\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6574\u6570\u6570\u636e\u548c\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u90fd\u4ee5 <code>%r</code> \u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u547d\u540d\u662f\u6307\u4ee4\u96c6\u5386\u53f2\u6f14\u5316\u9020\u6210\u7684</p> <ul> <li><code>%rsp %esp %sp %spl</code>: \u6808\u6307\u9488\u6700\u4e3a\u7279\u522b\uff0c\u6307\u660e\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u6808\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u660e\u786e\u8bfb\u5199\u8be5\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668</li> <li><code>%rax %eax %ax %al</code>: \u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u5e38\u7528</li> <li><code>%rbx %ebx %bx %bl</code>: \u8c03\u7528\u8005\u4fdd\u5b58\u3002c,d \u662f\uff0c\u7b2c 4\u30013 \u4e2a\u53c2\u6570</li> <li><code>%rdi %edi %di %dil</code>: \u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662f <code>s</code></li> </ul> <p>\u6761\u4ef6\u7801\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff1a</p> <ul> <li> <p><code>PF(parity flag)</code>: \u5947\u5076\u6807\u5fd7\u3002\u5f53\u6267\u884c\u7b97\u672f\u6216\u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5f97\u5230\u8fd0\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u4f4e 8 \u4f4d\u4e2d\u6709\u5076\u6570\u4e2a 1\uff0c\u8be5\u4f4d\u7f6e 1\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u7f6e 0\u3002\u5728 C \u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u8ba1\u7b97\u8be5\u4fe1\u606f\u81f3\u5c11\u9700\u8981 7 \u6b21\u4f4d\u79fb\u3001\u63a9\u7801\u3001\u5f02\u6216\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u4e0d\u540c\u5927\u5c0f\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u90e8\u5206</p> <ul> <li>\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u4f1a\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u6709\u4e24\u6761\u89c4\u5219\uff1a1\u30012 \u5b57\u8282\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\uff0c4 \u5b57\u8282\u6307\u4ee4\u5c06\u9ad8\u4f4d\u5168\u90e8\u7f6e 0\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4ece IA32 \u5230 x86-64 \u6269\u5c55\u800c\u91c7\u7528\u7684</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/CSAPP/Chapter3/#_2","title":"\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570","text":"<ul> <li> <p>\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u51fa\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u5f62\u5f0f\u3001\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u3001\u5185\u5b58\uff1b\u7ed3\u679c\u5b58\u653e\uff1a\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u3001\u5185\u5b58</p> </li> <li> <p>\u7acb\u5373\u6570\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u5e38\u6570\u503c\uff1a<code>$0x1F</code> \u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u51c6 C \u8868\u793a\u6cd5\u8868\u793a\u6574\u6570\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u6307\u4ee4\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u7acb\u5373\u6570\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u4e0d\u540c</p> </li> <li> <p>\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff1a<code>r_a</code> \u8868\u793a\u4efb\u610f\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff0c<code>R[r_a]</code> \u8868\u793a\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u503c</p> </li> <li> <p>\u5185\u5b58\u5f15\u7528\uff1a \u6839\u636e\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u5730\u5740\u8bbf\u95ee\u67d0\u4e2a\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740<code>M_b[Addr]</code>\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5bf9\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u4ece <code>Addr</code> \u5f00\u59cb\u7684 \\(b\\) \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u5e38\u7701\u53bb\u4e0b\u6807 \\(b\\)</p> <p>\u5185\u5b58\u5f15\u7528\u603b\u662f\u4ee5\u56db\u5b57\u957f\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u7ed9\u51fa\uff0c\u54ea\u6015\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6216\u53cc\u5b57</p> <ul> <li>\u5bfb\u5740\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a <code>Imm(r_b, r_i, s) = M[Imm + R[r_b] + R[r_i]*s]</code>\u6bd4\u4f8b\u53d8\u5740\u5bfb\u5740\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5f15\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\u901a\u7528\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f</li> <li><code>Imm</code>: \u7acb\u5373\u6570\u504f\u79fb</li> <li><code>R[r_b]</code>: \u57fa\u5740\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff0864 \u4f4d\uff09</li> <li><code>R[r_i]</code>: \u53d8\u5740\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff0864 \u4f4d\uff09</li> <li><code>s</code>: \u6bd4\u4f8b\u56e0\u5b50\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u662f \\(1,2,4,8\\)</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u4f8b\uff1a\u8ba1\u7b97<code>260(%rax,%rdx,4)</code> \u7684\u503c</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/CSAPP/Chapter3/#_3","title":"\u6307\u4ee4","text":"<p>\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u6307\u4ee4\u65f6\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u6bcf\u4e00\u7c7b\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6e90\u548c\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/CSAPP/Chapter3/#_4","title":"\u8bbf\u95ee\u4fe1\u606f","text":"<ul> <li> <p>\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u9001\uff1a\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u6e90/\u76ee\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6216\u6267\u884c\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u76f8\u540c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6267\u884c\u5212\u4e3a\u4e00\u7c7b\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0d\u540c</p> <ul> <li> <p><code>MOV S,D</code> \u7c7b\uff1a\u4e0d\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u4ece S \u5230 D</p> <ul> <li> <p><code>movb, movw, movl, movq, movabsq</code></p> </li> <li> <p>S\uff08\u6e90\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\uff09\u5e94\u5f53\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7acb\u5373\u6570\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u6216\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d</p> </li> <li> <p>D\uff08\u76ee\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\uff09\u5e94\u5f53\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u6216\u8005\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740</p> </li> <li> <p>\u4e24\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u4e0d\u80fd\u90fd\u6307\u5411\u5185\u5b58\uff1a \u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u4ece\u5185\u5b58\u590d\u5236\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u8f7d\u5165\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff0c\u518d\u5199\u5165\u76ee\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e</p> </li> <li> <p><code>movq %rax, -12(%rbp) \\\\register--memory 8bytes     movb (%rdi, %rcx),%al \\\\memory--register 1bytes</code></p> </li> <li> <p><code>movabsq</code>: \u5904\u7406 64 \u4f4d\u7acb\u5373\u6570\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ee5\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4f5c\u4e3a\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u5e38\u89c4 <code>movq</code> \u4ec5\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u4e3a32 \u4f4d\u8865\u7801\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u7acb\u5373\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6e90\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7b26\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\u5f97\u5230 64 \u4f4d\u503c\uff08\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7b26\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\uff1f\uff09</p> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u7c7b\u6570\u636e\u79fb\u52a8\u6307\u4ee4\u5c06\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u6e90\u503c\u590d\u5236\u5230\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4ee5\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u6216\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u4e3a\u6e90\uff0c\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4f5c\u4e3a\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u540e\u7f00\u6307\u793a\u6e90\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6307\u793a\u76ee\u7684\u5927\u5c0f</p> <ul> <li><code>MOVZ</code> \u96f6\u6269\u5c55\uff08zero-extend\uff09\uff0c\u5269\u4f59\u4f4d\u586b\u5145 0<ul> <li><code>movzbw, movzbl, movzwl, movzbq, movzwq</code></li> <li>\u6ca1\u6709 <code>movzlq</code> \u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 <code>movl</code> \u5b9e\u73b0</li> </ul> </li> <li><code>MOVS</code> \u7b26\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\uff08sign-extend\uff09\uff0c\u6e90\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u4f4d\u590d\u5236<ul> <li><code>movsbw, movsbl, movswl, movsbq, movswq, movslq, cltq</code></li> <li><code>cltq</code>: \u5c06 <code>%eax</code> \u7b26\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\u5230 <code>%rax</code>\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e <code>movslq %eax,%rax</code></li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u9001\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u793a\u4f8b</p> <pre><code>long exchange(long *xp, long y){\nlong x = *xp;\n*xp = y;\nreturn x;\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>exchange:\n  movq (%rdi), %rax\n  movq %rsi, (%rdi)\n  ret\n</code></pre> <p>\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u70b9\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u6307\u9488\u5c31\u662f\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u95f4\u63a5\u5f15\u7528\uff08\u89e3\u5f15\u7528\uff09\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u6307\u9488\u653e\u5728\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u5f15\u7528\uff08\u95f4\u63a5\u5bfb\u5740\uff09\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668</li> <li>\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u901a\u5e38\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u901f\u5ea6\u5feb\u5f97\u591a</li> <li>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u7b26\u53f7/\u96f6\u6269\u5c55\uff08\u5f3a\u5236\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u6570\u636e\u79fb\u52a8\u6307\u4ee4</li> </ul> <p>\u6280\u80fd\uff1aGCC \u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0a\u6709\u540e\u7f00\uff0c\u53cd\u7f16\u8bd1\u6ca1\u6709\u3002\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u6280\u80fd\u662f\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u8bc6\u522b\u6e90\u548c\u76ee\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u540e\u7f00</p> </li> <li> <p>\u538b\u5165\u548c\u5f39\u51fa\u6808\u6570\u636e\uff1a\u6808\u5411\u4e0b\uff08\u5c0f\u7684\u65b9\u5411\uff09\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5730\u5740\u662f\u6240\u6709\u6808\u4e2d\u5143\u7d20\u5730\u5740\u6700\u4f4e\u7684</p> <ul> <li><code>pushq, popq</code></li> <li><code>pushq %rbp</code> \u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u7b49\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u6761\u6307\u4ee4\uff1a<code>subq $8, %rsp; movq %rbq,(%rsp)</code>\uff0c\u5148\u9012\u51cf\u6808\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u518d\u5c06\u503c\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u4f4d\u7f6e</li> <li>\u3010Question\u3011<code>movq 8(%rsp),%rdx</code> \u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1f</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/CSAPP/Chapter3/#_5","title":"\u7b97\u672f\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u64cd\u4f5c","text":"<p>\u5206\u6210\u56db\u7ec4\uff1a\u52a0\u8f7d\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5740\u3001\u4e00\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u4e8c\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u79fb\u4f4d</p> <ul> <li><code>leaq</code></li> <li><code>INC,DEC,NEG,NOT</code></li> <li><code>ADD,SUB,IMUL,XOR,OR,AND</code></li> <li> <p><code>SAL,SHL,SAR,SHR</code></p> </li> <li> <p>\u52a0\u8f7d\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5740\uff08load effective address\uff09\uff1a\u6ca1\u6709\u5f15\u7528\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ece\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8bfb\u5165\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5c06\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5740\u5199\u5165*\u76ee\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\uff08\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff09</p> <ul> <li><code>leaq 7(%rdx,%rdx,4),%rax</code></li> <li><code>leaq</code> \u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7075\u6d3b\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u5668\u5e38\u5e38\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u52a0\u6cd5\u548c\u6709\u9650\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u4e58\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u7b80\u5355\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u65f6\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u5904</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u4e00\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\uff0c\u65e2\u662f\u6e90\u53c8\u662f\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u6216\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740</li> <li>\u4e8c\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u65e2\u662f\u6e90\u53c8\u662f\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u6e90\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7acb\u5373\u6570\u3001\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u4f4d\u7f6e<ul> <li>\u5f53\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u662f\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u65f6\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u5668\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u8bfb\u51fa\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u518d\u5199\u56de</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u79fb\u4f4d\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u7ed9\u51fa\u79fb\u4f4d\u91cf\uff08\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u7acb\u5373\u6570\u6216\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u5355\u5b57\u8282<code>%cl</code>\u4e2d\uff09\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9879\u662f\u8981\u79fb\u4f4d\u7684\u6570<ul> <li>\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u79fb\u4f4d\u8303\u56f4\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86 255</li> <li>\u5bf9 \\(w\\) \u4f4d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u79fb\u4f4d\u91cf\u662f\u7531 <code>%cl</code> \u7684\u4f4e \\(\\log_2 w\\) \u4f4d\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u9ad8\u4f4d\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565</li> <li>\u4f8b\uff1a<code>%cl = 0xFF</code>\u65f6\uff0c<code>salb</code> \u79fb\u52a8 \\(7\\) \u4f4d\uff0c<code>salq</code> \u79fb\u52a8 \\(63\\) \u4f4d</li> <li>\u5de6\u79fb\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57\u6548\u679c\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u3010\u8ba8\u8bba\u3011</p> <ul> <li>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5927\u591a\u6570\u6307\u4ee4\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u8fd0\u7b97\u548c\u8865\u7801\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u8865\u7801\u6210\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u6709\u7b26\u53f7\u6574\u6570\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u539f\u56e0<ul> <li>\u53ea\u6709\u53f3\u79fb\u64cd\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u533a\u5206\u6709\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/","title":"\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\uff08\u7b2c\u56db\u7248\uff09","text":"<p>Foundations Of Computer Science (4th Edition)</p> \u51fa\u7248\u793e \u4f5c\u8005 \u5e74\u4efd \u673a\u68b0\u5de5\u4e1a\u51fa\u7248\u793e Behrouz A. Forouzan 2022 <p>\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\u7b14\u8bb0\u5c06\u5168\u90e8\u91c7\u7528\u82f1\u6587\u3002\u4ec5\u5728\u672c\u6982\u8ff0\u90e8\u5206\u5217\u51fa\u4e2d\u6587\u76ee\u5f55</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#_2","title":"\u7ae0\u8282\u76ee\u5f55","text":"<ul> <li>\u7b2c 1 \u7ae0 \u7eea\u8bba Introduction</li> </ul> <p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8868\u793a\u4e0e\u8fd0\u7b97</p> <ul> <li>\u7b2c 2 \u7ae0 \u6570\u5b57\u7cfb\u7edf Number Systems</li> <li>\u7b2c 3 \u7ae0 \u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8</li> <li>\u7b2c 4 \u7ae0 \u6570\u636e\u8fd0\u7b97</li> </ul> <p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u786c\u4ef6</p> <ul> <li>\u7b2c 5 \u7ae0 \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7ec4\u6210</li> <li>\u7b2c 6 \u7ae0 \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u548c\u56e0\u7279\u7f51</li> </ul> <p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8f6f\u4ef6</p> <ul> <li>\u7b2c 7 \u7ae0 \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf</li> <li>\u7b2c 8 \u7ae0 \u7b97\u6cd5</li> <li>\u7b2c 9 \u7ae0 \u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8bed\u8a00 Programming Language</li> <li>\u7b2c 10 \u7ae0 \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5de5\u7a0b</li> </ul> <p>\u7b2c\u56db\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e0e\u62bd\u8c61</p> <ul> <li>\u7b2c 11 \u7ae0 \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784</li> <li>\u7b2c 12 \u7ae0 \u62bd\u8c61\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b</li> <li>\u7b2c 13 \u7ae0 \u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u6784</li> <li>\u7b2c 14 \u7ae0 \u6570\u636e\u5e93</li> </ul> <p>\u7b2c\u4e94\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u9ad8\u7ea7\u8bdd\u9898</p> <ul> <li>\u7b2c 15 \u7ae0 \u6570\u636e\u538b\u7f29</li> <li>\u7b2c 16 \u7ae0 \u5b89\u5168</li> <li>\u7b2c 17 \u7ae0 \u8ba1\u7b97\u7406\u8bba</li> <li>\u7b2c 18 \u7ae0 \u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd</li> </ul> <p>\u7b2c\u516d\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u8bdd\u9898</p> <ul> <li>\u7b2c 19 \u7ae0 \u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u5bfc\u8bba</li> <li>\u7b2c 20 \u7ae0 \u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u95ee\u9898</li> </ul> <p>\u9644\u5f55</p> <ul> <li>\u9644\u5f55 A Unicode</li> <li>\u9644\u5f55 B UML</li> <li>\u9644\u5f55 C \u4f2a\u4ee3\u7801</li> <li>\u9644\u5f55 D \u7ed3\u6784\u56fe</li> <li>\u9644\u5f55 E \u5e03\u5c14\u4ee3\u6570\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u7535\u8def</li> <li>\u9644\u5f55 F C\u3001C++ \u548c Java \u7a0b\u5e8f\u793a\u4f8b</li> <li>\u9644\u5f55 G \u6570\u5b66\u77e5\u8bc6</li> <li>\u9644\u5f55 H \u9519\u8bef\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\u7ea0\u6b63</li> <li>\u9644\u5f55 I \u7b26\u53f7\u52a0\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u6574\u6570\u7684\u52a0\u51cf\u6cd5</li> <li>\u9644\u5f55 J \u5b9e\u6570\u7684\u52a0\u51cf\u6cd5</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#ch1","title":"Ch1. \u7eea\u8bba","text":"\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u56fe\u7075\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u51af\u00b7\u8bfa\u4f9d\u66fc\u6a21\u578b <ul> <li>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u7528\u7684\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002</li> <li>\u56fe\u7075\u57281936\u5e74\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u300a\u8bba\u53ef\u8ba1\u7b97\u6570\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u5224\u5b9a\u4e0a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u300b\u4e2d\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u56fe\u7075\u673a\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<ul> <li>\u300a\u8bba\u53ef\u8ba1\u7b97\u6570\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u5224\u5b9a\u4e0a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u300b\u7b80\u5355\u7406\u89e3</li> <li>\u539f\u59cb\u8bba\u6587\uff1aOn Computable Numbers\uff0cwith an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u672c\u4e66\u4e3e\u4e86\u56fe\u7075\u673a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u2014\u2014\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u5668\uff1a\u7531\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u3001\u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\u3001\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ec4\u6210\u3002</li> <li>\u51af\u00b7\u8bfa\u4f9d\u66fc\u6a21\u578b\u8f83\u56fe\u7075\u6a21\u578b\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u662f\u5c06\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u4e2d\u3002<ul> <li>\u51af\u00b7\u8bfa\u4f9d\u66fc\u6a21\u578b\u7531 4 \u4e2a\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ec4\u6210\uff1a\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u3001\u7b97\u672f\u903b\u8f91\u5355\u5143\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u5355\u5143\u3001\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u5355\u5143\u3002</li> <li>\u6307\u4ee4\u987a\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u73b0\u4ee3\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u57fa\u4e8e\u51af\u00b7\u8bfa\u4f9d\u66fc\u6a21\u578b\u3002</li> </ul> \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u5386\u53f2 <ul> <li>\u673a\u68b0\u8ba1\u7b97\u5668\uff1a1930 \u5e74\u4ee5\u524d</li> <li>\u7535\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\uff1a1930~1950 \u5e74</li> <li>\u57fa\u4e8e\u51af\u00b7\u8bfa\u4f9d\u66fc\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\uff1a1950 \u5e74\u81f3\u4eca<ul> <li>\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\uff1a\u771f\u7a7a\u7ba1</li> <li>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4ee3\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a 1959~1965\uff1a\u6676\u4f53\u7ba1</li> <li>\u7b2c\u4e09\u4ee3\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a 1965~1975\uff1a\u96c6\u6210\u7535\u8def</li> <li>\u7b2c\u56db\u4ee3\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a 1975~1985\uff1a\u5fae\u578b\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc</li> <li>\u7b2c\u4e94\u4ee3\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a 1985~\uff1a\u638c\u4e0a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u3001\u53f0\u5f0f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4ee3\u5b58\u50a8\u5a92\u4f53\u3001\u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u3001\u865a\u62df\u73b0\u5b9e...</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#buml","title":"\u9644\u5f55 B\uff1aUML \u56fe","text":"<p>UML \u662f\u7edf\u4e00\u5efa\u6a21\u8bed\u8a00 Unified Modeling Language\u3002\u5b83\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u89c6\u56fe\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u89c6\u56fe\u3001\u884c\u4e3a\u89c6\u56fe\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u89c6\u56fe\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u884c\u4e3a\u89c6\u56fe\uff1a<ul> <li>\u72b6\u6001\u56fe\uff1a\u4e3b\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u4e94\u79cd\u7b26\u53f7</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#ch2","title":"Ch.2 \u6570\u5b57\u7cfb\u7edf","text":"<p>\u672c\u7ae0\u6982\u8981</p> <p>\u672c\u7ae0\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u719f\u6089\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u3001\u516b\u8fdb\u5236\u3001\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u548c\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u672c\u4e66\u4e3b\u8981\u4ee5\u7b97\u6cd5\u5f62\u5f0f\u7ed9\u51fa\uff0cCSAPP \u4e2d\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u6570\u5b66\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002</p> <p>CSAPP\uff1a\u5efa\u8bae\u4f60\u53cd\u590d\u9605\u8bfb\u6570\u5b66\u539f\u7406\u63cf\u8ff0\u548c\u793a\u4f8b\u4e0e\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u4f60\u5bf9\u8be5\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u5185\u5bb9\u53ca\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u6709\u4e86\u7262\u56fa\u7684\u76f4\u89c9\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u66f4\u52a0\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u63a8\u5bfc\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5316\u6570\u5b57\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u975e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5316\u6570\u5b57\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u7f57\u9a6c\u6570\u5b57\u7b49\uff09</li> <li>\u5176\u4ed6\u8fdb\u5236\u5230\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\uff1a\u76f4\u63a5\u8ba1\u7b97</li> <li>\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u8fdb\u5236\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\uff08\u7528 UML \u56fe\u8868\u793a\uff09<ul> <li>\u6574\u6570\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u8fde\u9664</li> <li>\u5c0f\u6570\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u8fde\u4e58</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a \\(n\\) \u4f4d\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5176\u4ed6\u8fdb\u5236\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u8ba1\u7b97\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4f4d\u6570\uff1f</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#ch3","title":"Ch.3 \u6570\u636e\u50a8\u5b58","text":"<p>\u672c\u7ae0\u6982\u8981</p> <p>\u7b80\u5355\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u6570\u5b57\u3001\u6587\u672c\u3001\u97f3\u9891\u3001\u56fe\u50cf\u3001\u89c6\u9891\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63cf\u8ff0\u90fd\u662f\u6982\u5ff5\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u6280\u672f\u7ec6\u8282\u9700\u8981\u67e5\u9605\u76f8\u5e94\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u6587\u6863\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u63cf\u8ff0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5b58\u50a8\u6574\u6570\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b83\u4eec\u80fd\u5b58\u50a8\u54ea\u4e9b\u6570\u5b57\uff1f\u5b58\u50a8\u3001\u8fd8\u539f\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u662f\u600e\u6837\u7684\uff1f\u4e3b\u8981\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\uff1f\u6ea2\u51fa\u60c5\u51b5\u5982\u4f55\uff1f<ul> <li>\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u793a\u6cd5</li> <li>\u7b26\u53f7\u52a0\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\uff08\u539f\u7801\uff09</li> <li>\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8865\u7801\u8868\u793a\u6cd5</li> <li>\u53cd\u7801\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\uff08\u672c\u4e66\u672a\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff09</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>CSAPP\uff1a\u7406\u89e3\u8865\u7801\u8868\u793a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u628a\u6700\u9ad8\u4f4d\u770b\u4f5c\u6743\u91cd\u4e3a\\(-2^{w-1}\\)\u7684\u4f4d</p> <p>\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7ed9\u51fa\u53cd\u7801\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u7406\u89e3\u53cd\u7801\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u6784\u5efa\u7684\uff1f</p> <p>\u6ce8\u610f\u53cd\u7801\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u6574\u6570\u7684\u53cd\u7801\u8868\u793a\u3002\u53cd\u7801\u8868\u793a\u7684\u6574\u6570\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u8d1f\u6570\u624d\u8fdb\u884c\u53cd\u7801\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <p>\u5b9e\u6570\u7684\u50a8\u5b58\uff1a\u6d6e\u70b9\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\uff08\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u6574\u6570\u90e8\u5206\u6216\u5f88\u5c0f\u5c0f\u6570\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6570\uff09\uff1a\u7b26\u53f7\u3001\u4f4d\u79fb\u91cf\u548c\u5b9a\u70b9\u6570</p> <ul> <li>\u89c4\u8303\u5316\uff1a\u5b9a\u70b9\u6570\u5c0f\u6570\u70b9\u5de6\u4fa7\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u96f6\u6570\u7801\u3002\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u540e\uff0c\u5de6\u4fa7\u7684 1 \u9690\u542b\u4e86\u3002</li> <li>\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u79f0\u4e3a\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u6570\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u79f0\u4e3a\u6d6e\u70b9\u8868\u793a\u6cd5</li> <li>\u5c3e\u6570\uff1a\u5c0f\u6570\u70b9\u53f3\u8fb9\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u8be5\u6570\u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u6574\u6570\u5b58\u50a8</li> <li>\u6307\u6570\uff1a\u6709\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4f59\u7801\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\\((2^{m-1}-1)\\)\u88ab\u52a0\u5230\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u4e2d\uff08m \u4e3a\u5185\u5b58\u5355\u5143\u5927\u5c0f\uff09\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u79fb\u5230\u975e\u8d1f\u7684\u4e00\u904d\u3002\u5982 4 \u4f4d\u5b58\u50a8\u5355\u5143\u4f7f\u7528\u4f59 7 \u7801\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u662f\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6574\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u6216\u8fd0\u7b97\u65f6\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u7b26\u53f7\u3002</li> <li>IEEE \u6807\u51c6\uff1a\u5355\u8fdb\u5ea6\u4e3a 1\uff0c8\uff0c23\uff1b\u53cc\u7cbe\u5ea6\u4e3a 1\uff0c11\uff0c52</li> <li>\u50a8\u5b58\uff1a\u786e\u5b9a\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u8f6c\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\uff0c\u89c4\u8303\u5316\uff0c\u50a8\u5b58\u6307\u6570\u548c\u5c3e\u6570\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206</li> <li>\u8fd8\u539f\uff1a\u62c6\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u89e3\u7801\u4f4d\u79fb\u91cf\uff0c\u53bb\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u5c3e\u6570\uff0c\u8fd8\u539f\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u8f6c\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u7b26\u53f7</li> <li>\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u7684\u4e0a\u6ea2\u548c\u4e0b\u6ea2\uff1a\u4e3e\u4f8b\u5355\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u6700\u5927\u8d1f\u503c\u4e3a\\(-(1-2^{-24})\\times 2^{+128}\\)\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c3e\u6570 23 \u4f4d\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u6570\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u4e3a\\(2^{24}-1\\)\uff0c\u6307\u6570 8 \u4f4d\u4f59\u7801\u6570\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u4e3a\\(2^{8-1}=128\\)\u3002\u6700\u5c0f\u8d1f\u503c\u4e3a\\(-(1-2^{-1})\\times 2^{-127}\\)</li> <li>\u96f6\u7684\u7ea6\u5b9a\uff1a\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u90fd\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a 0</li> <li>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u622a\u65ad\u9519\u8bef\uff1f</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#_3","title":"\u5b58\u50a8\u6587\u672c","text":"<p>\u8865\u5145\u77e5\u8bc6\uff1aASCII \u548c Unicode</p> \u7f16\u7801\u7c7b\u578b \u4f4d\u6570 ASCII 7 \u6269\u5c55 ASCII 8 Unicode 32","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#unicode","title":"UNICODE \u7684\u7f16\u7801\u7ed3\u6784","text":"<p>\u6bcf\u4e2a Unicode \u7f16\u7801\u4ee5\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u8868\u793a\u4e3a U-XXXXXXXX</p> <ul> <li>\u524d 16 \u4f4d\u5b9a\u4e49\u5e73\u9762</li> <li>\u540e 16 \u4f4d\u5b9a\u4e49\u5b57\u7b26</li> <li>ASCII \u5360\u636e Unicode \u4e2d\u524d 128 \u4e2a\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u5373 U-00000000 ~ U-0000007F</li> </ul> <p>ASCII \u8868\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6</p> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u7b26 \u5341\u8fdb\u5236 \u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236 \u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26 0 00 \u7a7a\u683c 32 20 0 48 30 9 57 39 A 65 41 Z 90 5A a 97 61 z 122 7A \u5220\u9664 127 7F","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#_4","title":"\u5b58\u50a8\u97f3\u9891","text":"<p>\u6587\u672c\u662f\u6570\u5b57\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u97f3\u9891\u662f\u6a21\u62df\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u91c7\u6837</li> <li>\u91c7\u6837\u7387</li> <li>\u91cf\u5316\uff1a\u622a\u53d6\u4e3a\u6700\u8fd1\u6574\u6570\u503c</li> <li>\u7f16\u7801<ul> <li>\u4f4d\u6df1\u5ea6\uff1a\u6bcf\u6837\u672c\u4f4d\u7684\u4f4d\u6570</li> <li>\u4f4d\u7387\uff1a\u6bcf\u79d2\u97f3\u9891\u4f4d\u6570\uff08\u4f4d\u7387\uff09=\u6df1\u5ea6 x \u6bcf\u79d2\u6837\u672c\u6570 $ R = B \\times S$</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u58f0\u97f3\u7f16\u7801\u6807\u51c6\uff1aMP3\uff08MPEG Layer3\uff09\uff0cS=44100\uff0cB=16\uff0cR=705600b/s\uff0c\u518d\u53bb\u6389\u4eba\u8033\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u538b\u7f29</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#_5","title":"\u5b58\u50a8\u56fe\u50cf","text":"<p>\u5149\u6805\u56fe\u6216\u77e2\u91cf\u56fe</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#_6","title":"\u5149\u6805\u56fe","text":"<ul> <li>\u91c7\u6837\u79f0\u4e3a\u626b\u63cf\uff0c\u6837\u672c\u79f0\u4e3a\u50cf\u7d20</li> <li>\u89e3\u6790\u5ea6\uff1a\u626b\u63cf\u7387\uff0c\u6bcf\u82f1\u5bf8\u7684\u65b9\u5757\u8bb0\u5f55\u591a\u5c11\u50cf\u7d20\u3002</li> <li>\u8272\u5f69\u6df1\u5ea6\uff1a<ul> <li>\u771f\u5f69\u8272\uff1a24 \u4f4d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e09\u539f\u8272 RGB \u8868\u793a\u4e3a 8 \u4f4d\uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u8272\u5f69\u90fd\u7531 0~255 \u4e4b\u95f4\u8868\u793a</li> <li>\u7d22\u5f15\u8272\uff1a\u8bb8\u591a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5e76\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5982\u6b64\u5927\u7684\u8272\u5f69\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u8272\u4ec5\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5bf9\u5176\u5efa\u7acb\u7d22\u5f15</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u56fe\u50cf\u7f16\u7801\u6807\u51c6\uff1a<ul> <li>JPEG \u4f7f\u7528\u771f\u8272\u5f69\uff0c\u4f46\u538b\u7f29\u56fe\u50cf\u51cf\u5c11\u4f4d\u7684\u6570\u91cf</li> <li>GIF \u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\u8272\u6a21\u5f0f</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#_7","title":"\u77e2\u91cf\u56fe","text":"<p>\u7531\u5b9a\u4e49\u5982\u4f55\u7ed8\u5236\u5f62\u72b6\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u547d\u4ee4\u6784\u6210\u3002\u8981\u663e\u793a\u56fe\u50cf\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f9d\u636e\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\u5927\u5c0f\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u7ed8\u5236\u56fe\u5f62\u3002</p> <p>TrueType\uff0cPostScript \u548c CAD\uff08\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8f85\u52a9\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff09\u4e3b\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u77e2\u91cf\u56fe</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#_8","title":"\u5b58\u50a8\u89c6\u9891","text":"<p>\u89c6\u9891\u662f\u968f\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u5355\u4e2a\u56fe\u50cf\uff09\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u56fe\u50cf\uff09\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u8868\u73b0</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#ch4","title":"Ch4. \u6570\u636e\u8fd0\u7b97","text":"<p>\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff1a\u7b97\u672f\u8fd0\u7b97\u3001\u79fb\u4f4d\u8fd0\u7b97\u3001\u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#_9","title":"\u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97","text":"<p>\u4f4d\u5c42\u6b21\u548c\u6a21\u5f0f\u5c42\u6b21\u4e0a\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97</p> <ul> <li>\u975e\u3001\u4e0e\u3001\u6216\u548c\u5f02\u6216</li> <li>\u601d\u8003\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u6a21\u62df\u5f02\u6216\uff1f\u5f02\u6216\u7684\u7279\u6027</li> <li>\u4f4d\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u56db\u79cd\u5e94\u7528\uff1a\u6c42\u53cd\u3001\u4f7f\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u4f4d\u590d\u4f4d\uff08\u7f6e 0\uff09\u3001\u5bf9\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4f4d\uff08\u7f6e 1\uff09\u3001\u4f7f\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u4f4d\u53cd\u8f6c</li> <li>\u63a9\u7801</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#shift","title":"\u79fb\u4f4d\uff08Shift\uff09\u8fd0\u7b97","text":"<ul> <li>\u903b\u8f91\u79fb\u4f4d\u8fd0\u7b97<ul> <li>\u4e0d\u5e26\u7b26\u53f7\u4f4d\u7684\u6570\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u79fb\u4f4d\u8fd0\u7b97\u53ef\u80fd\u6539\u53d8\u6570\u7684\u7b26\u53f7</li> <li>\u586b 0 \u6216\u5faa\u73af\u79fb\u4f4d\uff08\u65cb\u8f6c\u8fd0\u7b97\uff09</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u7b97\u6570\u79fb\u4f4d\u8fd0\u7b97<ul> <li>\u5047\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8865\u7801\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5e26\u7b26\u53f7\u6574\u6570\u3002</li> <li>\u7b97\u6570\u53f3\u79fb\u5bf9\u6574\u6570\u9664\u4e8c\uff0c\u7b97\u6570\u5de6\u79fb\u5bf9\u6574\u6570\u4e58\u4e8c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fd0\u7b97\u672c\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u6539\u53d8\u7b26\u53f7\u4f4d</li> <li>\u7b97\u6570\u53f3\u79fb\uff1a\u4fdd\u7559\u7b26\u53f7\u4f4d\uff0c\u5e76\u590d\u5236\u5165\u53f3\u4fa7\u4f4d\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4fdd\u5b58\u7b26\u53f7</li> <li>\u7b97\u6570\u5de6\u79fb\uff1a\u4e22\u5f03\u7b26\u53f7\u4f4d\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u5de6\u8fb9\u4e3a\u7b26\u53f7\u4f4d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u65b0\u7b26\u53f7\u4f4d\u4e0e\u539f\u5148\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u8fd0\u7b97\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u53d1\u751f\u6ea2\u51fa</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#_10","title":"\u7b97\u672f\u8fd0\u7b97","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#_11","title":"\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8865\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u52a0\u51cf\u6cd5","text":"<ul> <li>\u9047\u5230\u51cf\u6cd5\u65f6\uff0c\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u52a0\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6570\u6c42\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u7684\u8865</li> <li>\u52a0\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#_12","title":"\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u539f\u7801\uff0c\u53cd\u7801\uff0c\u8865\u7801\u7684\u539f\u7406","text":"<p>\u82b1\u4e86\u5f88\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u7406\u89e3\u8865\u7801\u7684\u6784\u9020\u610f\u56fe\u3002\u81ea\u5df1\u7406\u4e86\u4e00\u904d\u903b\u8f91\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u53ea\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u51cf\u6cd5</li> <li>\u7531\u4e8e\u4f4d\u6570\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u52a0\u6cd5\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u5728\u6a21\u8fd0\u7b97\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c</li> <li>\u6a21\u8fd0\u7b97\u4e0b\u7684\u52a0\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ed\u73af</li> </ul> <p>\u7531\u4e0a\u9762\u4e09\u6761\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\uff1a\u5728\u6a21\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u95ed\u73af\u4e2d\u7528\u52a0\u6cd5\u6a21\u62df\u51cf\u6cd5</p> <ul> <li>\u6570\u5b66\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a<ul> <li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(\\omega\\) \u7684\u4f4d\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u6a21\u4e3a \\(2^{\\omega}\\) \uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u4f4d\u5411\u91cf\u5728\u957f\u5ea6 \\(0\\sim 2^{\\omega}-1\\) \u7684\u73af\u5185</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u8981\u7528\u52a0\u6cd5\u6a21\u62df\u51cf\u6cd5 \\(a - b = c\\) \uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u627e\u5230 \\(d\\) \u4f7f\u5f97 $ (a + d)mod 2^\\omega = c$</li> <li>\u753b\u51fa\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u73af\uff0c\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u770b\u51fa\u52a0\u5230 \\(c\\) \u548c\u51cf\u5230 \\(c\\) \u5408\u8d77\u6765\u7ed5\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5708\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff1a \\(d = 2^\\omega - b\\)</li> <li>\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e00\u7b49\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u4ece\u8d1f\u6570 \\(-b\\) \u5230 \\(x_d\\) \u7684\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6620\u5c04\u628a\u8d1f\u6574\u6570 \\(b\\) \u6620\u5c04\u4e3a \\(d = 2^\\omega - b\\) \u7684\u4f4d\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c \\(d\\) \u7684\u4f4d\u6a21\u5f0f\u5c31\u662f \\(-b\\) \u7684\u8865\u7801\u8868\u793a</li> <li>\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5c31\u662f\u8865\u7801\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5148\u53d6\u53cd\u7801\u518d+1</li> </ul> <p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u518d\u5206\u6790\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee5 0110 - 0010 = 0100 \u5373 6-2=4 \u4e3a\u4f8b</p> <ul> <li> <p>\\(x\\) \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d1f\u6570</p> </li> <li> <p>\u627e\u5230 \\(d=10000-0010=1110\\)\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff1a\\(d\\) \u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u53cd\u7801\u518d+1 \u7684\u627e\u5230\u3002</p> <p>\u539f\u7406\uff1a\\(\\({|x|}_\u53cd+|x| = 2^\\omega-1\\)\\)</p> </li> <li> <p>\\(0110 + 1110 = 10100\\) \u53d6\u6a21\u540e\u5373\u4e3a \\(0100\\)</p> <p>\u539f\u7406\uff1a\u8d1f\u6570\u7684\u8865\u7801\u548c\u5b83\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u76f8\u52a0\u7b49\u4e8e\u6a21\uff08\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u95ed\u73af\u5185\u7ed5\u4e00\u5708\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09</p> \\[2^\\omega = x_\u8865 + |x| \\] <ul> <li>\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e24\u5f0f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u53cd\u7801\u548c\u8865\u7801\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a\\(x_\u8865={|x|}_\u53cd+1\\)</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u8981\u628a \\(1110\\) \u6620\u5c04\u4e3a \\(-2\\) \uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u628a\u6700\u5de6\u4fa7\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a \\(-8\\)</p> </li> <li> <p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u628a\u6700\u5de6\u4fa7\u4f4d\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a \\(-8\\) \u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u5230\u5462\uff1f\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86 \\(-16\\) \u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u53cd\u5411\u8f6c\u4e86\u4e00\u5708\u3002\\(14-16=-2\\)</p> </li> </ul> <p>\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u9898\u76ee\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8865\u7801\u8868\u793a\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<code>~x</code>\u7684\u503c\u662f\u591a\u5c11\uff1f</p> <p>\u5199\u51fa\u4e09\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u6570\u5b57\u5230\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8865\u7801\uff0c\u53cd\u7801\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5230\u6570\u5b57\uff09\uff0c\u5bf9\u5206\u6bb5\u51fd\u6570\u5206\u7c7b\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u5f97\u5230\uff0c<code>~x</code> = \\(-1-x\\)</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#_13","title":"\u7b26\u53f7\u52a0\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\uff08\u539f\u7801\uff09\u8868\u793a\u7684\u52a0\u51cf\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u4e00\u5171\u6709\u56db\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651 8 \u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5</p> <ul> <li>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u4e3a\u52a0\u6cd5</li> <li>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff0c\u7528\u5f02\u6216\u68c0\u67e5\u4e24\u6570\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u4e00\u81f4\u6027</li> <li>\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\uff1a\u82e5\u7b26\u53f7\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u76f8\u52a0\uff1b\u82e5\u7b26\u53f7\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u76f8\u51cf\uff08\u51cf\u6cd5\u539f\u7406\u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u8865\u7801\u52a0\u6cd5\uff09\uff0c\u7b26\u53f7\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u7b26\u53f7<ul> <li>\u6b64\u5904\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u4e0a\u6ea2\uff1a\u5982\u679c \\(A\\geq B\\) \u5219\u6709\u4e0a\u6ea2\uff08\u6a21\u8fd0\u7b97\u540e\u820d\u5f03\uff09</li> <li>\u5982\u679c \\(A &lt; B\\) \u5219\u65e0\u4e0a\u6ea2\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d1f\u6570\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u53d6\u5176\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8865\u7801\uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u7406\u89e3\uff1a\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u90e8\u5206\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u8865\u7801\u5f0f\u7684\u51cf\u6cd5\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u8865\u7801\u8868\u793a\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u53d6\u8865\u7801\u5c31\u662f\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u6574\u6570\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u5148\u524d\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u4f4d\uff0c\u5c31\u53d8\u56de\u7b26\u53f7\u52a0\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u8868\u793a\uff09</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u8be5\u52a0\u51cf\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u7b26\u53f7\u4f4d\u548c\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u5206\u5f00\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u51cf\u6cd5\u8fd0\u7b97\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0e\u8865\u7801\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a17-22\uff0c</p> <p>$ 0010001-0010110 = 0010001 + 1101010 = 1111011$\uff0c\u6240\u5f97\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u8865\u7801\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u518d\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\u8865\u7801\u4ee5\u8fd8\u539f\u4e3a\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u6574\u6570\u8868\u793a\u3002</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#_14","title":"\u5b9e\u6570\u7684\u52a0\u51cf\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u5c06\u5b9e\u6570\u7684\u52a0\u51cf\u6cd5\u7b80\u5316\u4e3a\u5c0f\u6570\u70b9\u5bf9\u9f50\u540e\u4ee5\u7b26\u53f7\u52a0\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u683c\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u4e24\u6574\u6570\u7684\u52a0\u6cd5\u548c\u51cf\u6cd5</p> <ul> <li>\u7edf\u4e00\u4e3a\u52a0\u6cd5</li> <li>\u53bb\u89c4\u8303\u5316</li> <li>\u4f7f\u6307\u6570\u76f8\u7b49</li> <li>\u76f8\u52a0\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u4e0a\u6ea2</li> <li>\u89c4\u8303\u5316</li> <li>\u56db\u820d\u4e94\u5165\uff0c\u505c\u6b62</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#ch5","title":"Ch.5 \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7ec4\u6210","text":"<p>\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff1a\u4e2d\u592e\u5904\u7406\u5355\u5143\uff0c\u4e3b\u5b58\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#cpu","title":"CPU","text":"<ul> <li>CPU \u7531\u54ea\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\u7ec4\u6210\uff1f\u4ed6\u4eec\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f</li> <li>\u4f60\u80fd\u8bf4\u51fa\u54ea\u4e9b\u79cd\u7c7b\u7684\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff1f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<ul> <li>PC\uff0cIR \u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#_15","title":"\u4e3b\u5b58","text":"<ul> <li>\u5b57\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u5730\u5740\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f</li> <li>\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f64kb\uff0c1b \u5b57\u957f\u7684\u4e3b\u5b58\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\uff1f</li> <li></li> </ul> <p>Note</p> \u5355\u4f4d \u786e\u5207\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570 \u8fd1\u4f3c KB \\(2^{10}\\) 1024 \\(10^3\\) megabyte \\(2^{20}\\) 1048576 \\(10^6\\) gigabyte \\(2^{30}\\) 1073741824 \\(10^{9}\\) <ul> <li>\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709 N \u5b57\u7684\u4e3b\u5b58\u9700\u8981\u591a\u957f\u7684\u4f4d\u6a21\u5f0f\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u5730\u5740\uff1f</li> <li>\u7b80\u8ff0 RAM\uff08SRAM\uff0cDRAM\uff09\u548c ROM<ul> <li>\u7535\u8111\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u662f\u54ea\u4e00\u79cd\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\uff1f\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u5462\uff1f</li> <li>ROM\u3001PROM\u3001EPROM\u3001EEPROM\u3001Flash Memory \u5206\u522b\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u8865\u5145\uff1a\u903b\u8f91\u7535\u8def\u6807\u8bc6</p> <p>\u7b80\u8ff0\u975e\u95e8\u3001\u4e0e\u975e\u95e8\u3001\u6216\u975e\u95e8\u7684\u7535\u8def\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a\u9700\u8981\u7528\u51e0\u4e2a\u7535\u63a7\u5f00\u5173\uff1f</p> <p>\u518d\u6b21\u601d\u8003\uff1a\u5f02\u6216\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0e\u95e8\u6216\u95e8\u6a21\u62df\uff1f</p> <p>\u6211\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff1a\\(x XOR y = (x OR y) AND (NOT(xANDy))\\)\u8fd9\u662f\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e0e\u95e8\u6216\u95e8\u771f\u503c\u8868\u540e\uff0c\u601d\u8003\u5982\u4f55\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd0\u7b97\u5f97\u51fa\u7684</p> <p>\\(xORy=((NOTx)ANDy)OR(xAND(NOTy))\\)\u8fd9\u662f\u601d\u8003\u5f02\u6216\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff1a\u53cd\u8f6c\u5176\u4e2d\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u5c31\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u4e0e\u95e8\u5224\u65ad</p> <p>\u8865\u5145\uff1a\u5e03\u5c14\u4ee3\u6570\u90e8\u5206-\u300a\u79bb\u6563\u6570\u5b66\u53ca\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u300b</p> <ul> <li>\u5e03\u5c14\u4ee3\u6570\u4e0e\u547d\u9898\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\uff1a\u8865-\u5426\u5b9a\u3001\u5e03\u5c14\u548c-\u6790\u53d6\u3001\u5e03\u5c14\u79ef-\u5408\u53d6</li> <li>\u5e03\u5c14\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5e03\u5c14\u53d8\u5143\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97</li> <li>\u601d\u8003\uff1a\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 n \u5143\u5e03\u5c14\u51fd\u6570\uff1f</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#_16","title":"\u5438\u6536\u5f8b\uff1a","text":"<ul> <li>\u300a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b\u8868\u8ff0\uff1a $ x \\cdot(x^\\prime+y) = x \\cdot y$ \u8bc1\u660e\uff1a\u5206\u914d\u5f8b\u5f97 \\((x \\cdot x^\\prime)+(x\\cdot y)\\) \u5de6\u4fa7\u662f 0\uff0c\u6d88\u53bb</li> <li>\u300a\u79bb\u6563\u6570\u5b66\u53ca\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u300b\u8868\u8ff0\uff1a \\(x+xy=x;x(x+y)=x\\) \u901a\u8fc7\u771f\u503c\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\uff1a\u5e03\u5c14\u548c\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86 x \u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5e03\u5c14\u79ef\u524a\u5f31\u4e86 y \u7684\u4f5c\u7528</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#_17","title":"\u771f\u503c\u8868\u4e0e\u5230\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u4e92\u5316\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u5316\u7b80","text":"<p>\u548c\u4e4b\u79ef\u6cd5\u4e0e\u79ef\u4e4b\u548c\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e92\u8865\u9879\u5408\u5e76\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u8fd0\u7b97\u5b8c\u5907\u6027\u8bc1\u660e</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#_18","title":"\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u534f\u4f5c","text":"<ul> <li>\u4e09\u6761\u603b\u7ebf\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u3001\u5730\u5740\u3001\u547d\u4ee4</li> <li>IO \u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u63a5\u5165\uff1a\u63a7\u5236\u5668</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/AppE/","title":"Appendix E: Boolen Algebra and Logic Circuits","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/AppE/#boolean-algebra","title":"Boolean Algebra","text":"<ul> <li><code>'</code> NOT</li> <li><code>.</code> AND</li> <li><code>+</code> OR</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/AppE/#logic-gate","title":"Logic Gate","text":"<p>A logic gate is an electronic device that normally takes 1 to N inputs and creates one output.</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/AppE/#implementation-of-gates","title":"Implementation of gates","text":"<p>The most common implementation uses only three gates: NOT, NAND, and NOR. Because a NAND gate uses fewer componenets than an AND gate.</p> <p>A transistor, when used in gates, behaves like a switch. Several different technologies are used to implement these transistors, include the most known MOSFET.</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/Chapter1-4/","title":"Ch. 1-4 Intro, Number, Data and Operation","text":"<p>These contents are closely related, so I put them together in one note.</p> <p>Abstract</p> <p>Main Topic are these:</p> <ul> <li>Model of computer</li> <li>Outline for this book</li> <li>Storing Data</li> <li>Data Operation</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/Chapter1-4/#ch1-introduction","title":"Ch1. Introduction","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/Chapter1-4/#turing-model","title":"Turing Model","text":"<p>Turing model is a mathematical and philosophical definition of computation. We only care about the philosophical definition here.</p> <p>He defined these things: </p> <ul> <li>Data processor: accepts input data, process the data, and creates output data.</li> <li>Program: a set of instructions that tells the computer what to do with data.</li> </ul> <p>Info</p> <p>Turing's thesis can be found here: On Computable Numbers\uff0cwith an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem</p> <p>In the thesis, he presented a mathematical description of the universal Turing machine than can perform all computation.</p> <p>A Chinese explanation can be found here: \u300a\u8bba\u53ef\u8ba1\u7b97\u6570\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u5224\u5b9a\u4e0a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u300b\u7b80\u5355\u7406\u89e3</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/Chapter1-4/#von-neumann-model","title":"Von Neumann Model","text":"<p>Today's computers are based on the von Neumann model. The main difference bewtween Turing model and von Neumann model is that while Turing model stores data in its memory, von Neumann model also stores programs in its memory.</p> <p>The von Neumann model consists of four subsystem:</p> <ul> <li>Input/Output</li> <li>Arithmetic logic unit (ALU): calculation and logical operations take place</li> <li>Memory</li> <li>Control Unit: controls all other subsystem</li> </ul> <p>Main concepts:</p> <ul> <li>Programs and data are stored in memory as binary patterns.</li> <li>Sequential execution of instructions.</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/Chapter1-4/#computer-componenets","title":"Computer Componenets","text":"<p>This section briefly describes the three parts of computer: hardware, software and data. Please refer to the book.</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/Chapter1-4/#history","title":"History","text":"<p>Ignored.</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/Chapter1-4/#outline-of-the-course","title":"Outline of the course","text":"<p>As described in the index note.</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/Chapter1-4/#ch2-number-systems","title":"Ch2. Number Systems","text":"<p>In this chapter your main task is to understand the binary, hexadecimal and octal systems, and know how to convert number from one system to another.</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/Chapter1-4/#any-base-to-decimal-conversion","title":"Any base to decimal conversion","text":"<p>Simply multiply each digit with its place value in the source system and add the results to get the number.</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/Chapter1-4/#decimal-to-any-base","title":"Decimal to any base","text":"<p>Integral part and fractional part are handled differently.</p> <ul> <li>Integral part<ul> <li>Repetitively divide the source to get the quotient and the remainder.</li> <li>The remainder is inserted to the left of the destination.</li> <li>Until quotient is zero.</li> </ul> </li> <li>Fractional part<ul> <li>Repetitively multiply the source to get the result.</li> <li>The intergral part is inserted to the right of the destination.</li> <li>Until fractional part is zero or destination digits are enough.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>Number of digits</p> <p>Given a positional number system with base \\(b\\), find the number of digits of an integer N.</p> Note <p>The answer is \\(\\left \\lceil \\log_b{N} \\right \\rceil\\).</p> <p>If we are using \\(K\\) digits in base \\(b_1\\), we need to know the minimum number of digits \\(x\\) we need in the destination system with base \\(b_2\\).</p> Note <p>The answer is \\(\\left \\lceil K \\times (\\log_{b_2}b_1) \\right \\rceil\\).</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/Chapter1-4/#nonpositional-number-systems","title":"Nonpositional number systems","text":"<p>Ignored.</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/Chapter1-4/#ch3-data-storage","title":"Ch3. Data Storage","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/Chapter1-4/#storing-numbers","title":"Storing Numbers","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/Chapter1-4/#integers","title":"Integers","text":"<p>For representations below, you need to know: how to store, retrieve numbers, overflow situation, application.</p> <ul> <li>Unsigned representation</li> <li>Sign-and-magnitude representation</li> <li>Two's complement representation</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/Chapter1-4/#reals","title":"Reals","text":"<p>We use floating-point representation to represent reals. It consists of three parts:</p> <ul> <li>Sign</li> <li>Shifter</li> <li>Fixed-point number</li> </ul> <p>Tip</p> <p>You can compare scientific method with floating-point method.</p> <p>Normalization: </p> <ul> <li>Decimal: <code>d.xxxxx</code>, d is 1-9 while x is 0-9.</li> <li>Binary: <code>1.yyyyy</code>, y is 0 or 1.</li> </ul> <p>Then extract three pieces of information:</p> <ul> <li>Sign</li> <li>Exponent</li> <li>Mantissa (\u5c3e\u6570): the point and bit 1 to the left of the fixed-point section are not stored.</li> </ul> <p>The exponent can be positive and negative. We use Excess system to represent:</p> <ul> <li>Add a bias to shift positive or negative numbers uniformly to the nonnegative side.</li> <li>The value of this bias is \\(2^{m-1}-1\\), \\(m\\) is the size of the memory location to store the exponent.</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/Chapter9/","title":"Ch9. Programming Language","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>The aim of this chapter is to compare and contrast different languages.</p> <ul> <li>Evolution of programming languages from machine language to high-level languages.</li> <li>Interpreter and compiler.</li> <li>Four computer language paradigms\uff08\u8303\u5f0f\uff09.</li> <li>Understand the procedural paradigm and object-oriented paradigm.</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/Chapter9/#91-evolution","title":"9.1 Evolution","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/","title":"\u6821\u5916\u8bfe\u7a0b","text":"<p>\u7b80\u4ecb</p> <p>\u672c\u5206\u533a\u4e3b\u8981\u5b58\u653e\u6821\u5916\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4e3a\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u8457\u540d\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8bfe\u7a0b\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-outside/#_2","title":"\u8bfe\u7a0b\u76ee\u5f55","text":""},{"location":"courses-outside/#_3","title":"\u5df2\u5b8c\u6210","text":""},{"location":"courses-outside/#_4","title":"\u6b63\u5728\u7f16\u8f91","text":"<ul> <li>CMU 15-213</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-outside/CMU-15-213/","title":"CMU 15-213","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u5b66\u4e60\u300a\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\u300b\u53ca CMU 15-213 \u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u4e66\u672c\u7f51\u7ad9</li> <li>\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7f51\u7ad9\uff08Fall 2015\uff09</li> <li>\u8bfe\u7a0b\u89c6\u9891\uff08Fall 2015\uff09</li> <li>[\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7f51\u7ad9\uff08\u6700\u65b0\uff09]\uff08http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~213/\uff09</li> <li>\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1\u9879\u76ee</li> <li>\u4e66\u7c4d\u82f1\u6587\u7248</li> <li>\u4e66\u7c4d\u4e2d\u6587\u7248\uff08gitbook\uff09</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-outside/CMU-15-213/#_1","title":"\u8fdb\u5ea6\u8868","text":"<ul> <li>Fall 2015 Schedule</li> </ul> <p>\u5168\u8bfe\u7a0b\u6301\u7eed 14 \u5468\uff0c\u6bcf 1-2 \u5468\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a Lab\u3002</p> <p>2023 \u5e74\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e2d\u65b0\u589e\u4e86 L0(cprogramminglab)\u3002</p> \u65e5\u671f \u5185\u5bb9 03.13 Lecture 01: Course Overview 03.16 Complete C language note for Structure 03.18 Complete C language note for ADT(especially for linked lists) 03.20 Lab 0 due 03.21 Bootcamp 1: Linux, Command Line, Git"},{"location":"courses-outside/CMU-15-213/#_2","title":"\u76ee\u5f55","text":""},{"location":"courses-outside/CMU-15-213/#_3","title":"\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7b14\u8bb0","text":"<ul> <li>Lecture 01: Course Overview</li> <li>Lecture 02: Bits, Bytes, and Ints; Floating Point</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-outside/CMU-15-213/#_4","title":"\u4e66\u672c\u6458\u8981","text":"<ul> <li>\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf</li> <li>Chapter01. \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6f2b\u6e38</li> <li>Chapter02. \u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u8868\u793a\u548c\u5904\u7406</li> <li>Chapter03. \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7ea7\u8868\u793a</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-outside/CMU-15-213/#_5","title":"\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bb0\u5f55","text":"<ul> <li>C Programming Lab: Assessing Your C Programming Skills</li> <li>Bootcamp 1: Linux, Command Line, Git</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-outside/CMU-15-213/Lab/BC1/","title":"Bootcamp 1: Linux, Command Line, Git","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c0f Lab\uff0c\u4f60\u80fd\u517b\u6210\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u4f7f\u7528 Linux \u7684\u4e60\u60ef\u3002</p> <p>\u8bf7\u4e0d\u8981\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u52a8\u624b\u64cd\u4f5c\u524d\u67e5\u770b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7b54\u6848\u3002</p> Lab \u7b54\u6848 Phase 1 <pre><code>~/start/free_the/university_center\n</code></pre> Phase 2 <pre><code>rmdir capture_the\n</code></pre> Phase 3 <pre><code>pineapple\n</code></pre> Phase 4 <pre><code>cat evil24.txt\n</code></pre> Phase 5 <pre><code>touch release.txt\n</code></pre> Phase 6 <pre><code>42\n</code></pre> Phase 7 <pre><code>free the university center stones we tried to release them but no one listened\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"courses-outside/CMU-15-213/Lab/L0/","title":"Lab0: C Programming Lab","text":"<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u63d0\u9192</p> <p>\u8bf7\u4ed4\u7ec6\u9605\u8bfb\u5b9e\u9a8c\u624b\u518c\u3002</p> <p>\u672c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8981\u6c42\u7528\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u961f\u5217\u3002\u8be5 Lab \u5bf9\u4ee3\u7801\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u591a\u5730\u8003\u8651\u5404\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5bf9\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\u4e5f\u5341\u5206\u4e25\u683c\u3002\u5728\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8282\u70b9\u589e\u5220\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u90fd\u5e94\u5f53\u6ce8\u610f\u3002</p> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6d45\u8bb0\u5f55\u81ea\u5df1\u8e29\u8fc7\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u5751\uff1a</p>"},{"location":"courses-outside/CMU-15-213/Lab/L0/#_1","title":"\u539f\u5730\u53cd\u8f6c\u94fe\u8868","text":"<pre><code>void queue_reverse(queue_t *q) {\nif(!q) return;\n/* You need to write the code for this function */\nif(!q-&gt;head) return;\nif(q-&gt;n == 1) return;\n\nlist_ele_t * prev, * next;\nprev = q-&gt;tail = q-&gt;head;\nnext = prev-&gt;next;\n\nwhile(next)\n{\nq-&gt;head = next;\nnext = next-&gt;next; q-&gt;head-&gt;next = prev;\nprev = prev-&gt;next; //Wrong Code\n}\nq-&gt;tail-&gt;next = NULL;\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 3 \u4ee5\u5185\u65f6\u90fd\u80fd\u6b63\u786e\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u82e5\u94fe\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\u8d85\u8fc7 3\uff0c\u5219\u53cd\u8f6c\u540e\u94fe\u8868\u7adf\u53ea\u5269\u4e0b\u53cd\u8f6c\u540e\u7684\u5934\u5c3e\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e\u6807\u6ce8 <code>Wrong Code</code> \u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u884c\uff1a\u53cd\u8f6c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u5411\u81ea\u8eab\uff08\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u672b\u5c3e\u5904\u7406 <code>tail</code> \u65f6\u624d\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\u51b3\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6539\u884c\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4f7f <code>prev</code> \u8282\u70b9\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u76f4\u56fa\u5b9a\u5728 <code>tail</code>\u3002\u5faa\u73af\u8fc7\u540e\uff0c\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u5168\u90fd\u6307\u5411 <code>tail</code>\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u53ea\u5269\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e86\u3002</p> <p>\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5\u662f\u6539\u4e3a <code>prev = q-&gt;head</code>\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-outside/CMU-15-213/Lab/L0/#_2","title":"\u5c0f\u5fc3\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f","text":"<p>\u5bb9\u6613\u8e29\u5751\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a</p>"},{"location":"courses-outside/CMU-15-213/Lab/L0/#_3","title":"\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\u7684\u5904\u7406","text":"<p>\u672c\u9898\u8c03\u7528 <code>malloc()</code> \u7684\u51fd\u6570\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u4e3a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8c03\u7528 <code>malloc()</code> \u5931\u8d25\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u9000\u51fa\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u91ca\u653e\u9884\u5148\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u8282\u70b9 <code>newh</code>\u3002\u603b\u4e4b\uff1a\u51fd\u6570\u9996\u5148\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b8c\u5584\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5982\u679c\u51fd\u6570\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u81ea\u5df1\u9000\u51fa\u65f6\u5185\u5b58\u5b89\u5168\u3002</li> <li>\u5982\u679c\u51fd\u6570\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u5fc5\u987b\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5185\u5b58\u5b89\u5168\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-outside/CMU-15-213/Lab/L0/#_4","title":"\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u65f6\u7684\u5904\u7406","text":"<pre><code>bool queue_remove_head(queue_t *q, char *buf, size_t bufsize){\nif(!q) return false;\nif(!q-&gt;head) return false;\n\nif(buf)\n{\nstrncpy(buf, q-&gt;head-&gt;value, bufsize - 1);\nbuf[bufsize - 1] = 0;\n}\nfree(q-&gt;head-&gt;value);\nq-&gt;head = q-&gt;head-&gt;next;\nq-&gt;n--;\nreturn true;\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u6ca1\u6709\u91ca\u653e\u5220\u53bb\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u662f\u5178\u578b\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u9732\u3002</p> <p>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u89e3\u6790\u548c\u7b54\u6848</p> <ul> <li>\u77e5\u4e4e\uff1aCSAPP:Lab0-C Programming Lab</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-outside/CMU-15-213/Lecture/Lecture1/","title":"Lecture 01: Course Overview","text":"<p>\u672c\u8282\u8bfe\u662f\u8bfe\u7a0b\u6982\u8ff0\uff0c\u6982\u62ec\u5730\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u8fd9\u95e8\u8bfe\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u8bb2\u89e3\u4e86\u5173\u4e8e C \u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f\u3002</p> <p>CSAPP \u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e3b\u9898\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u62bd\u8c61\u662f\u597d\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u8981\u5fd8\u4e86\u73b0\u5b9e\u3002\u672c\u8282\u8bfe\u91cd\u70b9\u8bb2\u89e3\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u73b0\u5b9e\uff1a</p> <ol> <li>Ints are not Integers, Floats are not Reals \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u7b97\u6570\u8fd0\u7b97\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8c61\u7684\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u4e0d\u540c\u3002</li> <li>You've Got to Know Assembly \u4f60\u5e94\u5f53\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e9b\u6c47\u7f16\u8bed\u8a00\u3002</li> <li>Memory Matters \u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u5b83\u5e38\u5e38\u5bfc\u81f4\u975e\u5e38\u68d8\u624b\u7684 bug\u3002C \u548c C++ \u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u4f9b\u4efb\u4f55\u5185\u5b58\u4fdd\u62a4\u673a\u5236\u3002</li> <li>There's more to performance than asymptotic complexity \u5728\uff08\u65f6\u95f4\uff09\u6e10\u8fd1\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4e1c\u897f\u5f71\u54cd\u7740\u6027\u80fd\u3002</li> <li>Computers do more than execute programs \u9664\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5916\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8fd8\u505a\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002</li> </ol>"},{"location":"courses-outside/CMU-15-213/Lecture/Lecture2/","title":"Lecture 02: Bits, Bytes, and Ints; Floating Point","text":"<p>\u628a\u8bb2\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7b97\u6570\u7684\u4e09\u8282\u8bfe\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b14\u8bb0\u4e86\u3002</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/CMU-15-213/Lecture/Lecture2/#_1","title":"\u7b2c\u4e00\u8282\u8bfe","text":"<ul> <li>\u4f4d\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u8fdb\u5236</li> <li>\u7b80\u5355\u5e03\u5c14\u4ee3\u6570</li> <li>C \u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u8fd0\u7b97\u3001\u4f4d\u79fb\u8fd0\u7b97<ul> <li>\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8e\u6574\u6570\u7c7b\u578b</li> <li>\u4f4d\u79fb\u91cf &lt;0 \u6216 &gt; \u5b57\u957f\u65f6\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/CMU-15-213/Lecture/Lecture2/#_2","title":"\u6574\u6570\u7f16\u7801","text":"<ul> <li>\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u6570\u548c\u8865\u7801\u6570\u503c\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97</li> <li>\u8868\u793a\u8303\u56f4</li> <li><code>&lt;limits.h&gt;</code> \u7684\u7b80\u5355\u4f7f\u7528</li> <li>\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362 cast<ul> <li>cast \u65f6\u4fdd\u6301\u4f4d\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u89e3\u91ca\u3002</li> <li>\u5199\u51fa T2U \u4e0e U2T \u7684\u51fd\u6570\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002</li> <li>\u5e38\u91cf\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6709\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c<code>U</code> \u540e\u7f00\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u3002</li> <li>\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6c42\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u82e5\u6709/\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u6570\u6df7\u6742\uff0c\u6709\u7b26\u53f7\u6570\u9690\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u6570\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u4f4d\u6269\u5c55 extension<ul> <li>\u6709\u7b26\u53f7\u6570\u6269\u5c55</li> <li>\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u6570\u6269\u5c55</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/","title":"Web.Lab \u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0","text":""},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/#_1","title":"\u603b\u8ff0","text":"<p>MIT Web Crush Course \u5927\u81f4\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u6bcf\u5e74\u5185\u5bb9\u90fd\u6709\u6dfb\u52a0\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u4e30\u5bcc\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u4ee5 2023 \u5e74\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u8868\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff09\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>Web \u4e09\u5251\u5ba2\uff1aHTML\u3001CSS\u3001JavaScript</li> <li>Web \u5f00\u53d1\u6846\u67b6\uff1aReact\u3001Node.js</li> <li>\u6570\u636e\u5e93</li> <li>Chatbook \u9879\u76ee\u5b9e\u8df5</li> <li>\u9879\u76ee\u90e8\u7f72</li> </ul> <p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u57fa\u672c\u6253\u901a\u4e86 Web \u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u524d\u540e\u7aef\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u95e8\u975e\u5e38\u597d\u7684 Web \u5f00\u53d1\u5165\u95e8\u8bfe\u7a0b\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/#_2","title":"\u5404\u6a21\u5757\u7b14\u8bb0\u7d22\u5f15","text":""},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/HTMLBasic/","title":"HTML \u57fa\u7840","text":"<p>\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\u6765\u81ea\u300aHead First HTML\u300b</p> <ul> <li>W3C \u9a8c\u8bc1\u5de5\u5177</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/HTMLBasic/#_1","title":"\u6982\u5ff5\u6027\u77e5\u8bc6","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/HTMLBasic/#_2","title":"\u6982\u5ff5","text":"<ul> <li>\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u53ea\u8ba4\u8bc6\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20 \u9884\u5b9a\u4e49 \u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u652f\u6301\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<ul> <li>HTML5 \u652f\u6301\u4e86\u5b9a\u5236\u6570\u636e\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u65b0\u5c5e\u6027\u6784\u9020\u5b9a\u5236\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u540d\u3002</li> <li>\u5e03\u5c14\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a\u6ca1\u6709\u503c\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5b58\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u5143\u7d20<ul> <li>\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u662f\u8ba9\u9875\u9762 \u66f4\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\uff0c\u66f4\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u9762\u5bf9\u89c6\u969c\u4eba\u7fa4\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u663e\u793a\u90a3\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20\u3002</li> <li>\u5757 \uff08block\uff09 \u5143\u7d20\u3001\u5185\u8054 \uff08inline\uff09 \u5143\u7d20\u548c\u7a7a\uff08void\uff09\u5143\u7d20</li> <li>\u4e0d\u8981\u53ea\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u663e\u793a\u6548\u679c\u800c\u4f7f\u7528 HTML \u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 <code>&lt;em&gt;</code></li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/HTMLBasic/#_3","title":"\u4ee3\u7801","text":"<ul> <li>\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4f1a\u5ffd\u7565 HTML \u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u7684\u5236\u8868\u7b26\u3001\u56de\u8f66\u548c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7a7a\u683c\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u4f60\u7684\u6807\u8bb0\u786e\u5b9a\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\u6362\u884c/\u5206\u6bb5\u3002</li> <li>\u6ce8\u91ca\u5199\u5728 <code>&lt;!--</code> \u548c <code>--&gt;</code> \u4e4b\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u5b57\u7b26\u5b9e\u4f53\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u8f93\u5165 <code>&lt;</code> \u548c <code>&gt;</code> \u7b49\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26<ul> <li><code>&lt;</code>: <code>&amp;gt;</code></li> <li><code>&gt;</code>: <code>&amp;lt;</code></li> <li><code>&amp;</code>: <code>&amp;amp;</code></li> <li>\u67e5\u627e\uff1aW3C, Unicode</li> <li>\u4f7f\u7528\u7f16\u53f7 <code>&amp;#100;</code></li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/HTMLBasic/#_4","title":"\u6807\u51c6","text":"<ul> <li> <p>HTML5 \u662f HTML \u7684\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5b83\u8ba9\u7f16\u5199 HTML \u7684\u5f88\u591a\u505a\u6cd5\u5927\u5927\u7b80\u5316\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b0\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7 JS API \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7279\u6027\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>HTML \u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u53f2</p> <ul> <li>HTML \u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a \u6d3b\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u4f1a\u6709\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u53ea\u6709 HTML\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5173\u952e\u662f\u5411\u540e\u517c\u5bb9\u6027</p> <ul> <li>\u73b0\u5728\u7684 HTML \u89c4\u8303\u4f1a\u8bb0\u5f55 Web \u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5e38\u72af\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5e76\u5e2e\u52a9\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9519\u8bef\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p><code>&lt;!doctype html&gt;</code></p> <ul> <li> <p>\u8fd9\u662f HTML5 \u7684 doctype\uff0c\u5b83\u544a\u8bc9\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9875\u9762\u4f7f\u7528 HTML \u6807\u51c6\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u8001\u7684 doctype \u4e00\u822c\u957f\u8fd9\u6837</p> </li> </ul> <pre><code>&lt;!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\" \"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd\"&gt;\n</code></pre> </li> <li> <p><code>&lt;meta charset=\"utf-8\"&gt;</code> \u6307\u5b9a\u7f16\u7801\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u5fc5\u987b\u653e\u5728 <code>&lt;head&gt;</code> \u4e2d\u6700\u4e0a\u65b9\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u4e00\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20\u7684 <code>alt</code> \u5c5e\u6027\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684</p> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/HTMLBasic/#_5","title":"\u7f51\u7ad9\u6587\u4ef6\u7ec4\u7ec7","text":"<ul> <li>\u4e3a\u4e86\u590d\u7528\uff0c\u56fe\u7247\u4e00\u822c\u653e\u5728\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u7684 <code>images</code> \u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u3002</li> <li>\u8def\u5f84\u7edf\u4e00\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a\u659c\u6760 <code>/</code> \uff08\u8bb0\u5fc6\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u7528\u53f3\u624b\u5212\u659c\u7ebf\u6700\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u65b9\u5411\uff09<ul> <li><code>\\</code> \u662f\u53cd\u659c\u6760\uff0c\u662f Windows \u5e38\u7528\u7684</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u8bbf\u95ee\u7236\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff1a<code>../</code></li> <li>\u8def\u5f84\u5f53\u5fc3\u8d85\u8fc7255 \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26</li> <li>\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4e0d\u8981\u6709\u7a7a\u683c</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/HTMLBasic/#_6","title":"\u5a92\u4f53","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/HTMLBasic/#_7","title":"\u56fe\u50cf","text":"<ul> <li>JPEG<ul> <li>\u9002\u5408\u8fde\u7eed\u8272\u8c03\u56fe\u50cf</li> <li>\u6709\u635f\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u7f29\u5c0f\u65f6\u4e22\u5931\u4fe1\u606f</li> <li>\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u900f\u660e\u5ea6</li> <li>\u6587\u4ef6\u8f83\u5c0f\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e Web</li> <li>\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u52a8\u753b</li> </ul> </li> <li>PNG<ul> <li>\u9002\u5408\u5355\u8272\u56fe\u50cf\u3001\u7ebf\u6761\u6784\u6210\u56fe\u50cf\uff1alogo\uff0c\u526a\u8d34\u753b\uff0c\u5c0f\u6587\u672c</li> <li>\u6709 PNG-8 PNG-24 PNG-32</li> <li>\u65e0\u635f\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f1a\u538b\u7f29\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e22\u6389\u4fe1\u606f</li> <li>\u652f\u6301\u900f\u660e</li> <li>\u6587\u4ef6\u66f4\u5927\u4e00\u4e9b</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>GIF</p> <ul> <li>256 \u8272</li> <li>\u201c\u65e0\u635f\u201d\u683c\u5f0f</li> <li>\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u79cd\u989c\u8272\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u201c\u900f\u660e\u201d\uff08\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u952f\u9f7f\u900f\u660e\u533a\uff09</li> <li>\u652f\u6301\u52a8\u753b</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u50cf\u7d20\uff1aCSS \u50cf\u7d20\u662f 1 \u82f1\u5bf8\u7684 1/96\uff0896ppi\uff09</p> </li> <li>\u4f7f\u7528\u7f29\u7565\u56fe\u5e76\u94fe\u63a5\u5230\u539f\u59cb\u56fe\u50cf\u3002</li> <li>\u6587\u672c\u56fe\u50cf\u8bb0\u5f97\u67d4\u5316\u6587\u672c\u8fb9\u7f18\uff08\u53cd\u952f\u9f7f\uff09\uff0c\u589e\u5f3a\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u3002</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/HTMLBasic/#_8","title":"\u89c6\u9891","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/HTMLBasic/#_9","title":"\u5143\u7d20\u624b\u518c","text":"<p>Web \u4e09\u90e8\u66f2\uff1a\u8ba1\u5212\u3001<code>&lt;div&gt;</code> \u548c <code>&lt;span&gt;</code></p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/HTMLBasic/#html_1","title":"\u6807\u51c6 HTML \u7ed3\u6784","text":"<ul> <li> <p><code>&lt;!doctype html&gt;</code></p> </li> <li> <p><code>&lt;html&gt;</code></p> <ul> <li><code>&lt;head&gt;</code></li> <li><code>&lt;meta charset=\"utf-8\"&gt;</code></li> <li><code>&lt;link&gt;</code><ul> <li><code>rel</code></li> <li> </li> </ul> </li> <li><code>&lt;style&gt;</code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 HTML \u4e2d\u63d2\u5165 CSS<ul> <li>\u53ef\u9009\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a<code>type=\"text/css\"</code></li> </ul> </li> <li><code>&lt;body&gt;</code></li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/HTMLBasic/#href","title":"<code>href</code>","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/HTMLBasic/#_10","title":"\u901a\u7528\u5c5e\u6027","text":"<ul> <li> <p><code>id</code></p> <ul> <li> <p>\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u80fd\u8bbe\u7f6e id</p> </li> <li> <p>\u503c\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u9875\u9762\u4e2d\u5fc5\u987b\u552f\u4e00</p> </li> <li> <p>\u5fc5\u987b\u5b57\u6bcd\u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u3001\u6a2a\u7ebf\u3001\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\u3001\u5192\u53f7\u6216\u70b9\u53f7</p> </li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/HTMLBasic/#_11","title":"\u7b80\u5355\u5143\u7d20","text":"<ul> <li> <p><code>&lt;a&gt;</code></p> <ul> <li>\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u7f6e\u6bb5\u843d <code>&lt;p&gt;</code>\u3001\u56fe\u7247 <code>&lt;img&gt;</code> \u7b49\uff0c\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8d85\u94fe\u63a5\u3002</li> <li><code>href</code> \u8bfb\u4f5c h-ref</li> <li>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>#id</code> \u94fe\u63a5\u5230\u7279\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20\uff1a<code>href=\"#chai\"</code>\uff08\u5230\u672c\u9875\u9762\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\uff09\u3002</li> <li><code>title</code> \u9f20\u6807\u60ac\u505c\u65f6\u663e\u793a\u3002</li> <li><code>target</code> \u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u6807\u540d\uff0c\u76f8\u540c\u76ee\u6807\u540d\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u4e2d\u6253\u5f00</li> <li><code>_blank</code> \u603b\u662f\u65b0\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p><code>&lt;h1&gt;</code></p> <ul> <li>HTML \u7684\u6807\u9898\u6709 6 \u7ea7</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p><code>&lt;q&gt;</code> <code>&lt;blockquote&gt;</code></p> </li> <li> <p><code>&lt;br&gt;</code></p> </li> <li> <p><code>&lt;img&gt;</code> \u5185\u8054\u5143\u7d20</p> <ul> <li><code>src=\"xx.png\"</code></li> <li><code>alt</code> \u6587\u672c\u63cf\u8ff0</li> <li><code>width</code> \u548c <code>height</code>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u50cf\u7d20\u6307\u5b9a\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5c5e\u6027\u6700\u597d\u7684\u7528\u5904\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b\u8868\u73b0\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528 CSS\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p><code>&lt;ul&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;ol&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;dl&gt;</code></p> <ul> <li>\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u5d4c\u5957 <code>&lt;li&gt;</code></li> <li>\u5b9a\u4e49\u5217\u8868\u4f7f\u7528 <code>&lt;dt&gt;</code> \uff08\u672f\u8bed\uff09\u548c <code>&lt;dd&gt;</code> \uff08\u63cf\u8ff0\uff09</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p><code>&lt;em&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;strong&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;pre&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;code&gt;</code></p> </li> <li> <p><code>&lt;time&gt;</code></p> </li> <li> <p><code>&lt;del&gt;</code> <code>&lt;ins&gt;</code></p> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/HTMLBasic/#_12","title":"\u8868\u683c","text":"<ul> <li><code>&lt;table&gt;</code><ul> <li><code>&lt;tr&gt;</code> table row</li> <li><code>&lt;th&gt;</code> table head</li> <li><code>&lt;td&gt;</code> table data</li> <li><code>rowspan=\"2\"</code> \u8be5\u5355\u5143\u683c\u5c06\u8de8\u5165\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c</li> <li><code>colspan</code></li> <li>\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u8de8\u884c\u8de8\u5217</li> <li><code>&lt;caption&gt;</code> \u8868\u683c\u6807\u9898</li> <li>\u8868\u683c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5d4c\u5957\uff08\u600e\u4e48\u6307\u5b9a\u6837\u5f0f\u5462\uff1f\u60f3\u8c61\u5b50\u5b59\u9009\u62e9\u5668\uff09</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/HTMLBasic/#html_2","title":"\u73b0\u4ee3 HTML \u7ed3\u6784","text":"<p><code>&lt;div&gt;</code> \u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u7ed3\u6784\u3002HTML \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u7279\u5b9a\u3001\u66f4\u5408\u9002\u67d0\u4e9b\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u6807\u8bb0\u3002</p> article nav header footer time aside section video mark audio canvas progress meter figure <p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b0\u6807\u7b7e\uff1f</p> <ul> <li>\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u3001\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u3001\u5c4f\u5e55\u9605\u8bfb\u5668\u80fd\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4fe1\u606f</li> </ul> <ul> <li> <p><code>&lt;time&gt;</code></p> <ul> <li>\u5982\u679c\u5143\u7d20\u5185\u5bb9\u6ca1\u6709\u91c7\u7528 Internet \u65e5\u671f/\u65f6\u95f4\u683c\u5f0f\u5199\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u6709 <code>datetime</code> \u5c5e\u6027</li> </ul> <p><code>internet time 2012-02-18 2012-02 2012-02-18 09:00 2012-02-18 18:00 05:00 2012-02-18 05:00Z\uff08UTC\u65f6\u95f4\uff09</code></p> </li> <li> <p><code>&lt;video&gt;</code></p> <ul> <li>\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a<code>controls</code> <code>autoplay</code> <code>loop</code> \uff08\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u5e03\u5c14\u5c5e\u6027\uff09 <code>width</code> <code>height</code> <code>src</code> <code>poster</code></li> <li><code>preload</code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a <code>none</code> \uff0c\u64ad\u653e\u524d\u4e0d\u81ea\u52a8\u4e0b\u8f7d\u89c6\u9891\uff1b<code>metadata</code> \u4e0b\u8f7d\u5143\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e00\u822c\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237\u5e26\u5bbd\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002</li> <li>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e00\u79cd\u89c6\u9891\u683c\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a <code>&lt;source src=\"\"&gt;</code> \u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a <code>&lt;source&gt;</code> \u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u52a0\u8f7d\u5143\u6570\u636e\u770b\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u64ad\u653e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c6\u9891\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4e2d\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u51fa MIME \u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u7f16\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u4fe1\u606f <code>type='video/ogg; codecs=\"theora, vorbis\"'</code></li> </ul> </li> <li> <p><code>&lt;audio&gt;</code></p> <ul> <li>\u4e0e <code>&lt;video&gt;</code> \u5143\u7d20\u5f88\u76f8\u4f3c</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/HTMLBasic/#html_3","title":"HTML \u8868\u5355","text":"<p>\u8868\u5355\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u8f93\u5165\u57df\u7684 Web \u9875\u9762\u3002</p> <ul> <li> <p><code>&lt;form&gt;</code></p> <ul> <li><code>action=\"url\"</code> \u5c06\u5904\u7406\u8868\u5355\u6570\u636e\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u540d</li> <li><code>method=\"POST\"</code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u540d</li> <li><code>&lt;label&gt;</code> \u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u4e3a\u6587\u672c\u3002\u8ddf\u968f\u5728\u8868\u5355\u63a7\u4ef6\u540e\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u5e94\u5f53\u4e3a\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u8868\u5355\u5143\u7d20\u589e\u52a0 <code>id</code> \u5c5e\u6027\u3002</li> <li><code>for=id</code> \u8868\u660e\u662f\u54ea\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6807\u7b7e</li> <li><code>&lt;fieldset&gt;</code> \u5c06\u516c\u5171\u5143\u7d20\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff08\u5bf9\u4e8e\u590d\u9009\u6846\u7b49\u5f88\u6709\u7528\uff09</li> <li><code>&lt;legend&gt;</code> \u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ec4\u7684\u7ec4\u6807\u9898\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u663e\u793a\u4e3a\u6587\u672c\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u63a7\u4ef6\u6982\u8ff0\uff1a \u6bcf\u4e2a\u63a7\u4ef6\u90fd\u6709 <code>name</code>\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b <code>value</code> \u4ee5\u4fbf\u811a\u672c\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</p> <ul> <li> <p><code>&lt;input&gt;</code> \u5355\u884c\u63a7\u4ef6\uff0cvoid \u5185\u8054\u5143\u7d20</p> </li> <li> <p><code>type=\"\"</code> \u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u5f97\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\u8f93\u5165</p> <ul> <li> <p><code>text</code> \u6587\u672c</p> </li> <li> <p><code>submit</code> \u63d0\u4ea4\u6309\u94ae\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u503c\u5c31\u662f\u663e\u793a\u7684\u6587\u672c</p> </li> <li> <p><code>radio</code> \u5355\u9009\u6309\u94ae\uff0c\u4e00\u7ec4\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u7684\u6309\u94ae\u5e94\u5f53\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684 <code>name</code> \u548c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 <code>value</code></p> </li> <li> <p><code>chechbox</code> \u590d\u9009\u6846\uff0c\u4e00\u7ec4\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u7684\u590d\u9009\u6846\u5e94\u5f53\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684 <code>name</code> \u548c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 <code>value</code></p> <p>\u590d\u9009\u6846\u7684\u503c\u88ab <code>&amp;</code> \u5408\u5e76</p> </li> <li> <p><code>number</code> \u6570\u5b57\u8f93\u5165</p> </li> <li> <p><code>range</code> \u6ed1\u52a8\u6761\uff08\u8303\u56f4\u8f93\u5165\uff09</p> </li> <li> <p><code>color</code> \u989c\u8272\u8f93\u5165</p> </li> <li> <p><code>date</code> \u65e5\u671f\u8f93\u5165</p> </li> <li> <p><code>password</code> \u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5c06\u88ab\u63a9\u7801</p> </li> <li> <p><code>file</code></p> </li> </ul> <p>-</p> <ul> <li> <p><code>email</code></p> </li> <li> <p><code>tel</code> \u7535\u8bdd</p> </li> <li> <p><code>url</code></p> <p>\u540e\u9762\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u770b\u4e0d\u51fa\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u4f60\u5728\u79fb\u52a8\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u8f93\u5165\u65f6\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u5feb\u6377\u952e\u76d8</p> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p><code>value</code> \u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c</p> </li> <li> <p><code>placeholder</code> \u63d0\u793a\u4fe1\u606f</p> </li> <li> <p><code>required</code> \u5e03\u5c14\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u6307\u793a\u57df\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p><code>min</code></p> </li> <li> <p><code>max</code></p> </li> <li> <p><code>step</code></p> </li> <li> <p><code>maxlength</code></p> </li> <li> <p><code>checked</code> \u5e03\u5c14\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u9009\u9879</p> </li> <li> <p><code>&lt;select&gt;</code> \u83dc\u5355</p> </li> <li> <p><code>multiple</code> \u5e03\u5c14\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u591a\u9009\u83dc\u5355\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u83dc\u5355\u4ece\u4e0b\u62c9\u5f0f\u53d8\u4e3a\u6eda\u52a8\u5f0f\u3002\u6309\u4f4f <code>Ctrl</code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u591a\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p><code>&lt;option&gt;</code> \u5185\u5bb9\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9009\u9879\u7684\u663e\u793a</p> <ul> <li><code>value</code></li> </ul> </li> <li> <p><code>&lt;textarea&gt;</code> \u591a\u884c\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u521d\u59cb\u6587\u672c\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p><code>rows</code> \u591a\u5c11\u884c</p> </li> <li><code>cols</code> \u591a\u5c11\u5217</li> <li><code>maxlength</code></li> </ul> <p>-</p> </li> </ul> <p><code>method</code> \u4e2d\u7684 HTTP \u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>GET<ul> <li>\u8868\u5355\u6570\u636e\u8ffd\u52a0\u5230 URL \u7684\u6700\u540e</li> <li>\u4f8b\uff1a<code>http://web.com/contest.php?firstname=buck&amp;lastname=banzai</code></li> <li>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u7528\u6237\u80fd\u5bf9\u63d0\u4ea4\u540e\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\u52a0\u4e66\u7b7e\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 GET \u65b9\u6cd5</li> </ul> </li> <li>POST<ul> <li>\u8868\u5355\u6570\u636e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u53d1\u9001</li> <li>\u4f8b\uff1a<code>http://web.com/contest.php</code></li> <li>\u5982\u679c\u6709\u79c1\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u9009\u62e9 POST \u65b9\u6cd5</li> <li>\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 <code>&lt;textarea&gt;</code>\uff0c\u4e5f\u9009\u62e9 POST \u65b9\u6cd5</li> <li>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e5f\u4f7f\u7528</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-zju/","title":"\u6d59\u6c5f\u5927\u5b66\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7b14\u8bb0","text":"<p>\u7b80\u4ecb</p> <p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e3b\u8981\u5b58\u653e\u6d59\u6c5f\u5927\u5b66\u975e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u76f8\u5173\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\uff082022-2023 \u6625\u590f\uff09</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/","title":"\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\uff08Cybernetics\uff09\uff08\u901a\u8bc6\u6838\u5fc3\u8bfe\uff09","text":"<p>\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7b80\u4ecb</p> <ul> <li>\u5b66\u671f\uff1a2022-2023 \u5b66\u5e74 \u6625\u590f\u5b66\u671f</li> <li>\u8bfe\u7a0b\u8bc4\u5b9a\u6807\u51c6\uff1a<ul> <li>\u5e73\u65f6\u5206 50%<ul> <li>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7ec4 5-6 \u4eba\uff0c\u62bd\u7b7e\u51b3\u5b9a\u5c0f\u7ec4 pre \u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u3002</li> <li>\u6bcf\u6b21\u7406\u8bba\u8bfe\u540e\uff0c\u8001\u5e08\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e9b\u9605\u8bfb\u6587\u732e\u3001\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e0b\u6b21\u8ba8\u8bba\u8bfe\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u5c0f\u7ec4\u51c6\u5907\u4e0b\u6b21\u8ba8\u8bba\u8bfe\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002</li> <li>\u6bcf\u4f4d\u540c\u5b66\u51c6\u5907PPT\uff0c\u8bb2\u89e3\u65f6\u95f4\u63a7\u5236 10-15 \u5206\u949f\uff0c\u8bb2\u89e3\u540e\u63d0\u95ee\u3002</li> <li>\u6bcf\u4f4d\u540c\u5b66\u90fd\u6709 2 \u6b21\u4e3b\u8bb2\u673a\u4f1a\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u671f\u672b\u8003 50%<ul> <li>\u5f00\u5377\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u53c2\u8003\u4e66\u3001\u7b14\u8bb0\u3001\u6253\u5370\u8bfe\u4ef6\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u600e\u4e48\u51c6\u5907\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u7684\u671f\u672b\u8003\u8bd5\uff1f</p> <p>\u4e3b\u8981\u638c\u63e1\u4e24\u4e2a\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u52b3\u65af\u5224\u636e\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97</li> <li>\u65b9\u6846\u56fe\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97</li> </ul> <p>\u5176\u4f59\u90fd\u9760\u6253\u5370 PPT\u3002</p> <p>\u8003\u524d\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u6d4f\u89c8\u4e00\u904d\u5386\u5e74\u5377\u6240\u6709\u9898\u76ee\uff0cPPT \u4e0a\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u7b54\u6848\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u8ba9 ChatGPT \u7b54\u4e00\u904d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u56de\u7b54\u6ee1\u610f\u7684\u8bdd\u6253\u5370\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u76f4\u63a5\u6284\u3002\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u7684\u51e0\u9053\u8003\u9898\u90fd\u662f PPT \u4e0a\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u627e\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e48\u5e94\u5bf9\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#22-23","title":"22-23 \u6625\u590f \u671f\u672b\u56de\u5fc6\u5377","text":"<p>By cc98 blblblb</p> <ol> <li> <p>\uff0810 \u5206\uff09\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u7ef4\u7eb3\u548c\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u662f\u4e24\u4f4d\u8457\u540d\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u8bf7\u7b80\u8ff0\u5b83\u4eec\u5bf9\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u4ea7\u751f\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u8d21\u732e\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\uff0815 \u5206\uff09\u79bb\u6563\u65f6\u95f4\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6a21\u62df\u4fe1\u53f7\u8fdb\u884c\u91c7\u6837\u3001\u91cf\u5316\u5f97\u5230\u6570\u5b57\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002\u6a21\u62df\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u79bb\u6563\u5316\uff1f\u82e5\u5bf9\u91c7\u6837\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u4fe1\u53f7\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u5b57\u6ee4\u6ce2\uff0c\u8bf7\u5217\u4e3e\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u6ee4\u6ce2\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\uff0815 \u5206\uff09\u53f3\u56fe\u662f\u884c\u9a76\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u4e24\u8f6e\u81ea\u5e73\u8861\u8f66\uff0c\u8bf7\u5206\u6790\u81ea\u5e73\u8861\u8f66\u5728\u9759\u6b62\u3001\u884c\u9a76\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u9053\u8def\u3001\u73af\u5883\u548c\u64cd\u63a7\u8005\u81ea\u8eab\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u9020\u6210\u884c\u9a76\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u963b\u788d\uff1f\u4f60\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u51fa\u54ea\u4e9b\u53ef\u671b\u589e\u5f3a\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff1f</p> </li> <li> <p>\uff0810 \u5206\uff09\u5217\u4e3e\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u5e76\u5206\u6790\u8bf4\u660e\u8be5\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u63a7\u5236\u6216\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u8282\u673a\u5236\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\uff0810 \u5206\uff09\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u7531\u82e5\u5e72\u4e2a\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u5355\u5143\u8fde\u63a5\u7ec4\u5408\u800c\u6210\uff0c\u8bf7\u5199\u51fa\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u5355\u5143\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u753b\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u81f3\u5c11\u5305\u542b 3 \u79cd\u8fde\u63a5\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u6846\u56fe\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\uff0815 \u5206\uff09\u67d0\u95ed\u73af\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u6846\u56fe\u5982\u4e0b\uff0c\\(u=6\\)\uff0c\u6c42\u8f93\u51fa \\(y\\) \u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002</p> </li> </ol> <p></p> <ol> <li> <p>\uff0810 \u5206\uff09\u5f00\u73af\u4f20\u9012\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6781\u70b9\u5206\u5e03\u6709\u54ea\u51e0\u7c7b\uff1f\u5224\u65ad\u5f00\u73af\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f</p> </li> <li> <p>\uff0815 \u5206\uff09\u5982\u95ed\u73af\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7279\u5f81\u65b9\u7a0b\u5982\uff1a\\(D(\\lambda)=\\lambda^4+5\\lambda^3+4\\lambda^2+7\\lambda+6\\)\uff0c\u8bd5\u6839\u636e\u52b3\u601d\u5224\u522b\u6cd5\u5224\u65ad\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002</p> </li> </ol>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#1","title":"\u7b2c 1 \u8bb2 \u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7406\u8bba","text":"<p>\u5386\u5e74\u9898\u76ee</p> <ul> <li>\u53d9\u8ff0\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u3001\u53d1\u5c55\u4ee5\u53ca\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u3002</li> <li>\u5217\u4e3e\u56db\u4e2a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5bf9\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5f62\u6210\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u63a8\u8fdb\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002</li> <li>\u5217\u4e3e 3 \u4e2a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u4ea7\u751f\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4efb\u52a1\u53ca\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u8d21\u732e\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#2","title":"\u7b2c 2 \u8bb2 \u4e09\u8bba","text":"<p>\u5386\u5e74\u9898\u76ee</p> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u8ff0\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bba\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u548c\u4ee3\u8868\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5e76\u7b80\u8ff0\u8fd9\u4e09\u8005\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#3","title":"\u7b2c 3 \u8bb2 \u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u672c\u8282\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u6027\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#_1","title":"\u53cd\u9988\u63a7\u5236","text":"\u53cd\u9988\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784 <ul> <li>\u53cd\u9988\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff1a<ul> <li>\u6709\u53cd\u9988\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4fe1\u53f7\u4f20\u9012\u5f62\u6210\u95ed\u5408\u56de\u8def\u3002</li> <li>\u6297\u6270\u6027\u597d\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u7cbe\u5ea6\u9ad8\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#_2","title":"\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u5efa\u6a21\u65b9\u6cd5","text":"<ul> <li>PPT \u5f00\u5934\u8bb2\u4e86\u4e00\u5806\u5efa\u6a21\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u3001\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u5427\u5566\u5427\u5566\u3002<ul> <li>\u7cfb\u7edf\u5efa\u6a21\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027</li> <li>\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u7279\u5f81</li> <li>\u7cfb\u7edf\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5206\u7c7b</li> <li>\u7cfb\u7edf\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5206\u7c7b</li> <li>\u7cfb\u7edf\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u548c\u539f\u5219</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u91cd\u70b9\u662f\u4e86\u89e3\u65b9\u5757\u56fe\u7684\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002</li> </ul> \u7cfb\u7edf\u5efa\u6a21\u7684\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u6cd5 <p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a\\(u(t)\\) \u662f\u53ef\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u91cf\uff0c\\(y(t)\\) \u662f\u88ab\u63a7\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u91cf\uff0c\\(d(s)\\) \u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u6270\u52a8\u91cf\u3002</p> <p>\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u52a8\u6001\u6a21\u578b\uff08\u5927\u6982\u5c31\u662f\u63a7\u5236\u91cf\u548c\u88ab\u63a7\u91cf\u90fd\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u56e0\u7d20\u53d8\u5316\u5427\uff09\uff0c\u4ece\u65f6\u57df\u3001\u9891\u57df\u3001\u590d\u57df\u89d2\u5ea6\u5c55\u5f00\u5206\u6790\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a</p> <p></p> <p></p> \u673a\u7406\u5efa\u6a21\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u4f8b\u5b50 <p>\u4e00\u822c\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a</p> <ol> <li>\u786e\u5b9a\u8f93\u5165\u3001\u8f93\u51fa\u53d8\u91cf</li> <li>\u6839\u636e\u7269\u7406\u5b9a\u5f8b\u7b49\u5199\u51fa\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b</li> <li>\u6d88\u53bb\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5199\u51fa\u8f93\u5165\u3001\u8f93\u51fa\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b</li> <li>\u4e0e\u8f93\u5165\u6709\u5173\u7684\u653e\u5728\u53f3\u8fb9\uff0c\u4e0e\u8f93\u51fa\u6709\u5173\u7684\u653e\u5728\u5de6\u8fb9\uff0c\u6309\u964d\u6b21\u6392\u5217\u3002</li> </ol> RLC \u7535\u8def\u673a\u68b0\u4f4d\u79fb\u7cfb\u7edf <p>RLC \u7535\u8def\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1a</p> <p></p> <p>\u4f7f\u7528\u57fa\u5c14\u970d\u592b\u5b9a\u5f8b\u5b9a\u5f8b\u5f97\u5230\uff1a</p> \\[ \\begin{cases} u(t) = Ri(t) + L\\frac{di(t)}{dt} + \\frac{1}{C}\\int_{0}^{t}i(\\tau)d\\tau \\\\ y(t) = i(t) \\end{cases} \\] <p>\u4ee3\u5165\u5f97\u5230\uff1a</p> \\[ LC\\frac{d^2y(t)}{dt^2} + RC\\frac{dy(t)}{dt} + y(t) = u(t) \\] <p>\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b</p> <p>\u673a\u68b0\u4f4d\u79fb\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1a</p> <p></p> <p>\u4f7f\u7528\u725b\u987f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\u5f97\u5230\uff1a</p> \\[ \\begin{cases} F_1=ky(t)\\\\ F_2=f\\frac{dy(t)}{dt}\\\\ a=\\frac{d^2y(t)}{dt^2}\\\\ F(t)-F_1-F_2=ma \\end{cases} \\] <p>\u6574\u7406\u5f97\u5230\uff1a</p> \\[ m\\frac{d^2y(t)}{dt^2}+f\\frac{dy(t)}{dt}+ky(t)=F(t) \\] <p>\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b</p> <p>\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\uff1a</p> \\[ a\\frac{d^2y(t)}{dt^2}+b\\frac{dy(t)}{dt}+cy(t)=u(t) \\] <ul> <li>\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5e9e\u5927\uff0c\u673a\u7406\u5efa\u6a21\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d7\u963b\u3001\u7ecf\u9a8c\u77e5\u8bc6\u79ef\u7d2f\u56f0\u96be\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u9a71\u52a8\u5efa\u6a21\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002PPT \u4ee5\u4e3b\u5143\u5206\u6790\u6cd5\u4e3a\u4f8b\u8fdb\u884c\u8bb2\u89e3\u3002</li> <li>\u4e3b\u5143\u5206\u6790\u6cd5\u9996\u5148\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u901a\u8fc7\u6570\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b80\u5316\u4e3a\u51e0\u4e2a\u7efc\u5408\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u6307\u6807\uff08\u9ad8\u7ef4\u8f6c\u4f4e\u7ef4\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53d6\u80fd\u53cd\u6620\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\u6700\u5927\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u6307\u6807\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e3b\u5143\u3002\u7528\u7ebf\u6027\u4ee3\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u8868\u8ff0\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4f18\u5316\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u7279\u5f81\u503c\u6c42\u89e3\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002</li> <li>\u6570\u636e\u9a71\u52a8\u5efa\u6a21\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f88\u6709\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u5728\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5927\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u3001\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7b49\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f1a\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u673a\u4f1a\u3002</li> </ul> \u6570\u636e\u9a71\u52a8\u5efa\u6a21\u65b9\u6cd5 <ul> <li>\u7edf\u8ba1\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u591a\u5143\u7edf\u8ba1\u5206\u6790\u5982\u4e3b\u5143\u5206\u6790\u3001\u504f\u6700\u5c0f\u4e8c\u4e58\u7b49</li> <li>\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\uff1a\u5085\u91cc\u53f6\u53d8\u6362\u3001\u8c31\u5206\u6790\u3001\u5c0f\u6ce2\u53d8\u6362\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b49</li> <li>\u6570\u636e\u6316\u6398\uff1a\u76f8\u5173\u5206\u6790\u3001\u8d8b\u52bf\u5206\u6790\u3001\u5173\u8054\u89c4\u5219\u6316\u6398\u3001\u9884\u6d4b\u5206\u6790\u7b49</li> <li>\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\uff1a\u805a\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u5206\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u56de\u5f52\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7b49</li> <li>\u5176\u5b83\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u8ba1\u7b97\u667a\u80fd\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u4eff\u751f\u8ba1\u7b97\u7b49</li> </ul> <p>\u6570\u636e\u5efa\u6a21\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u6846\u67b6\uff1a</p> <p></p> <ul> <li>\u7cfb\u7edf\u5206\u6790\u6cd5\u6ca1\u4ec0\u4e48\u7528</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#4","title":"\u7b2c 4 \u8bb2 \u53cd\u9988\u4e0e\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf","text":"<p>\u672c\u8bb2\u91cd\u70b9</p> <p>\u638c\u63e1\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u65b9\u6846\u56fe\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002</p> \u65b9\u6846\u56fe\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5143\u7d20 <p></p> \u65b9\u6846\u56fe\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784-\u4e32\u8054\u548c\u5e76\u8054 <ul> <li>\u4e32\u8054\uff1a\\(G(s) = G_1(s)G_2(s)\\)</li> </ul> <p></p> <ul> <li>\u5e76\u8054\uff1a\\(G(s) = G_1(s) + G_2(s)\\)</li> </ul> <p></p> \u65b9\u6846\u56fe\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784-\u53cd\u9988 <p></p> <ul> <li>\u8d1f\u53cd\u9988\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a\\(Y=(\\frac{G}{1+GH})U\\)</li> <li>\u6b63\u53cd\u9988\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a\\(Y=(\\frac{G}{1-GH})U\\)\uff08\u5c31\u662f\u6c42\u548c\u70b9\u53d8\u53f7\u4e86\u800c\u5df2\uff09</li> </ul> \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u53cd\u9988\u63a7\u5236\u597d\uff1f <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> \u65b9\u5757\u56fe\u5316\u7b80-\u70b9\u7684\u79fb\u52a8 \u6c42\u548c\u70b9\u79fb\u52a8\u5f15\u51fa\u70b9\u79fb\u52a8 <p>\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\uff1a\\(Hs\\)\uff0c\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\uff1a\\(\\frac{1}{H}s\\)</p> <p></p> <p>\u76f8\u90bb\u6c42\u548c\u70b9\u53ef\u4efb\u610f\u6362\u4f4d\u3002</p> <p>\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\uff1a\\(\\frac{1}{H}s\\)\uff0c\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\uff1a\\(Hs\\)</p> <p></p> <p>\u76f8\u90bb\u5f15\u51fa\u70b9\u4e5f\u53ef\u4efb\u610f\u6362\u4f4d\u3002</p> \u4f8b\u9898\uff1a\u6c42\u89e3\u8f93\u51fa\u4e0e\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5173\u7cfb \u9898\u76eeStep 1\uff1a\u8bc6\u522b\u53cd\u9988\u7ed3\u6784Step 2\uff1a\u5f15\u51fa\u70b9\u79fb\u52a8Step 3: \u53cd\u9988\u3001\u5e76\u8054\u3001\u4e32\u8054 <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <ul> <li>\u4fe1\u53f7\u6d41\u56fe\u5927\u6982\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u65b9\u6846\u56fe\u7684\u65b9\u6846\u753b\u6210\u7ebf\u5c31\u662f\u4e86\u3002</li> <li>\u5982\u679c\u51fa\u73b0\u4fe1\u53f7\u6d41\u56fe\uff0c\u5b83\u6240\u8868\u793a\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u6885\u900a\u589e\u76ca\u516c\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u5316\u7b80\u3002</li> </ul> \u4fe1\u53f7\u6d41\u56fe\u7684\u7ed3\u6784 <p></p> <p></p> <p>\u5386\u5e74\u9898\u76ee\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u51fa\u73b0\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u6885\u900a\u516c\u5f0f\u5316\u7b80\u7684\u9898\u76ee\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u4e0d\u8bb2\u4e86\u3002</p> <p>\u5386\u5e74\u9898\u76ee</p> <ul> <li>\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0b\u9762\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u7684\u603b\u589e\u76ca\uff1a</li> <li>\u4ece\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bba\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u3001\u5173\u8054\u6027\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u5e73\u8861\u6027\u3001\u65f6\u5e8f\u6027\u7b49\u57fa\u672c\u7279\u5f81\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u7b80\u8981\u5206\u6790\u5982\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u7684\u5355\u95ed\u73af\u53cd\u9988\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf</li> <li>\u53cd\u9988\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u82e5 \\(u=3\\)\uff0c\u6c42 \\(y\\)\u3002</li> <li>\u67d0\u7cfb\u7edf\u6846\u56fe\u5982\u4e0b\uff0c\u8f93\u5165 \\(u=4\\)\uff0c\u6c42\u8f93\u51fa \\(y\\) \u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f</li> <li>\u67d0\u7cfb\u7edf\u6846\u56fe\u5982\u4e0a\u56fe\uff0c\u8f93\u5165 \\(u=2\\)\uff0c\u8bd5\u6c42\u8f93\u51fa \\(y\\) \u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002</li> <li>\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u7531\u82e5\u5e72\u4e2a\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u5355\u5143\u8fde\u63a5\u7ec4\u5408\u800c\u6210\uff0c\u8bf7\u5199\u51fa\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u5355\u5143\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#5","title":"\u7b2c 5 \u8bb2 \u7a33\u5b9a\u6027","text":"<p>\u672c\u8bb2\u6458\u8981</p> <p>\u672c\u8bb2\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u9650\u5dee\u8ddd\u4e5f\u62c9\u5f97\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u524d\u9762\u8bb2\u4e00\u5806\u5e9f\u8bdd\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u201c\u786c\u6838\u9009\u5b66\u201d\u90e8\u5206\u53c8\u9700\u8981\u975e\u5e38\u6df1\u539a\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u529f\u5e95\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u7ebf\u6027\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f97\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u5206\u6790\u7b49\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u4ee3\u6570\u5b66\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u53cd\u6b63\u6211\u5b66\u5b8c\u6574\u95e8\u8bfe\u90fd\u6ca1\u641e\u61c2\u62c9\u5f0f\u53d8\u6362\u3002</p> <p>\u5386\u5e74\u9898\u76ee\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u7acb\u300a\u5de5\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u300b\uff1f\u5b83\u4e0e\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7684\u300a\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u300b\u533a\u522b\u4e0e\u8054\u7cfb\uff1f</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#6","title":"\u7b2c 6 \u8bb2 \u65f6\u57df\u5206\u6790","text":"<p>\u672c\u8bb2\u6458\u8981</p> <p>\u4ece\u672c\u8bb2\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63a5\u89e6\u5230\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5728\u7406\u5de5\u79d1\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5e94\u7528\u2014\u2014\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u57df\u548c\u9891\u57df\u5206\u6790\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u518d\u5230\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e0e\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5230 PID \u63a7\u5236\u2014\u2014\u6700\u4e3a\u6cdb\u7528\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u3002</p> <p>\u672c\u8bb2\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u662f\u638c\u63e1\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u65f6\u57df\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5 - \u6982\u5ff5\u6027\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a\u5305\u62ec\u9636\u8dc3\u54cd\u5e94\u3001\u8109\u51b2\u54cd\u5e94\u3001\u9891\u7387\u54cd\u5e94\u3001\u7a33\u6001\u8bef\u5dee\u7b49\u3002 - \u8ba1\u7b97\u6027\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a\u52b3\u65af\u5224\u636e</p>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#_3","title":"\u5178\u578b\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u4fe1\u53f7","text":"\u51e0\u79cd\u5178\u578b\u4fe1\u53f7 \u9636\u8dc3\u4fe1\u53f7\u659c\u5761\u4fe1\u53f7\u8109\u51b2\u4fe1\u53f7\u629b\u7269\u7ebf\u4fe1\u53f7\u6b63\u5f26\u4fe1\u53f7"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#_4","title":"\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u6001\u8bef\u5dee\u548c\u52a8\u6001\u54c1\u8d28","text":"\u9636\u8dc3\u8f93\u5165\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u8c03\u8282\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u54c1\u8d28\u6307\u6807 <p>\u5728\u4e0a\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6307\u6807\uff1a - \u7a33\u6001\u8bef\u5dee \\(\\delta(\\infty)\\) - \u6700\u5927\u8d85\u8c03\u91cf \\(\\sigma_p=\\frac{y(t_p)-y(\\infty)}{y(\\infty)}\\)\uff1a\u54cd\u5e94\u66f2\u7ebf\u504f\u79bb\u7a33\u6001\u503c\u5f97\u6700\u5927\u503c\uff0c\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u8868\u793a\u3002\u8bf4\u660e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f97\u76f8\u5bf9\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027 - \u5ef6\u6ede\u65f6\u95f4 \\(t_d\\)\uff1a\u5230\u8fbe\u7a33\u6001\u503c 50% \u6240\u9700\u65f6\u95f4 - \u5cf0\u503c\u65f6\u95f4 \\(t_p\\)\uff1a\u5230\u8fbe\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5cf0\u503c\uff08\u6700\u5927\u8d85\u8c03\u91cf\uff09\u6240\u9700\u65f6\u95f4 - \u4e0a\u5347\u65f6\u95f4 \\(t_r\\)\uff1a\u591a\u79cd\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u90fd\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7a33\u6001\u503c\u7684\u767e\u5206\u6bd4     - \u4ece 10% \u5230 90% \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u65e0\u632f\u8361\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09     - \u4ece 5% \u5230 95% \u7684\u65f6\u95f4     - \u4ece 0 \u5230 100% \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6709\u632f\u8361\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09 - \u8c03\u6574\u65f6\u95f4 \\(t_s\\)\uff1a\u4ece 0 \u5230\u8fdb\u5165\u7a33\u6001\u503c\u5728 95%~105% \u7684\u65f6\u95f4</p>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#_5","title":"\u7ebf\u6027\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b","text":"\u52a0\u70ed\u7535\u7089\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u53ca\u5176\u63a8\u5bfc <p>\u770b PPT \u5427\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#_6","title":"\u6c42\u89e3\u7ebf\u6027\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b","text":"\u7ebf\u6027\u5e38\u7cfb\u6570\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u7684\u89e3 <p>\u7ebf\u6027\u5e38\u7cfb\u6570\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u7684\u89e3\u662f\u7531\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u89e3\u52a0\u4e0a\u9f50\u6b21\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u7684\u901a\u89e3\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u901a\u5e38\u53d6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u6001\u89e3\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7279\u89e3\uff0c\u9f50\u6b21\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u7684\u901a\u89e3\u4e3a\u6682\u6001\u89e3\u3002</p> <p></p> <p></p> \u4ece\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u6001 <p>\u5982\u679c\u7279\u5f81\u6839\u662f\u8d1f\u6570\uff0c\u6216\u5177\u6709\u8d1f\u5b9e\u90e8\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u6001\u89e3\u662f\u6536\u655b\u7684\uff0c\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\uff1b\u5426\u5219\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#_7","title":"\u52b3\u65af\u5224\u636e","text":"<ul> <li>\u52b3\u65af\u5224\u636e\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u5224\u65ad\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6781\u70b9\u662f\u5426\u5728\u53f3\u534a\u5e73\u9762\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u53f3\u534a\u5e73\u9762\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002</li> </ul> \u52b3\u65af\u7684\u4ee3\u6570\u7a33\u5b9a\u5224\u636e <ol> <li>\u6309\u964d\u6b21\u5e42\u5217\u51fa\u95ed\u73af\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f</li> </ol> \\[ D(\\lambda)=a_n\\lambda^n+a_{n-1}\\lambda^{n-1}+\\cdots+a_1\\lambda+a_0=0 \\] <ol> <li>\u6839\u636e\u7cfb\u6570\u5217\u51fa\u52b3\u65af\u8868</li> </ol> \\[ \\begin{array}{c|c|c|c|c|c} \\lambda^n &amp; a_n &amp; a_{n-2} &amp; a_{n-4} &amp; \\cdots &amp; a_0 \\\\ \\lambda^{n-1} &amp; a_{n-1} &amp; a_{n-3} &amp; a_{n-5} &amp; \\cdots &amp; 0 \\\\ \\lambda^{n-2} &amp; b_1 &amp; b_2 &amp; b_3 &amp; \\cdots &amp; 0 \\\\ \\lambda^{n-3} &amp; c_1 &amp; c_2 &amp; c_3 &amp; \\cdots &amp; 0 \\\\ \\vdots &amp; \\vdots &amp; \\vdots &amp; \\vdots &amp; \\ddots &amp; \\vdots \\\\ \\lambda^1 &amp; e_1 &amp; e_2 &amp; e_3 &amp; \\cdots &amp; 0 \\\\ \\lambda^0 &amp; f_1 &amp; f_2 &amp; f_3 &amp; \\cdots &amp; 0 \\\\ \\end{array} \\] <ol> <li>\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e09\u884c\u8d77\uff0c\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u6309\u4e0b\u5217\u516c\u5f0f\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6c42\u51fa \\(n+1\\) \u884c\u3002</li> </ol> \\[ \\begin{aligned} b_1 &amp;=\\frac{-\\left|\\begin{array}{cc}a_{n} &amp; a_{n-2} \\\\ a_{n-1} &amp; a_{n-3}\\end{array}\\right|}{a_{n-1}} \\\\ b_2 &amp;=\\frac{-\\left|\\begin{array}{cc}a_{n} &amp; a_{n-4} \\\\ a_{n-1} &amp; a_{n-5}\\end{array}\\right|}{a_{n-1}} \\\\ c_1 &amp;=\\frac{-\\left|\\begin{array}{cc}a_{n-1} &amp; a_{n-3} \\\\ b_{1} &amp; b_{2}\\end{array}\\right|}{b_1} \\\\ c_2 &amp;=\\frac{-\\left|\\begin{array}{cc}a_{n-1} &amp; a_{n-5} \\\\ b_{1} &amp; b_{3}\\end{array}\\right|}{b_1} \\\\ \\end{aligned} \\] <ol> <li>\u7ebf\u6027\u5b9a\u5e38\u95ed\u73af\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u5145\u5206\u5fc5\u8981\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u7279\u5f81\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7cfb\u6570\u5747\u4e3a\u6b63\uff0c\u52b3\u65af\u8868\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u6240\u6709\u7cfb\u6570\u5747\u4e3a\u6b63\u3002</li> </ol> \u52b3\u65af\u5224\u636e\u4f8b\u9898 <p>\u5386\u5e74\u9898\u76ee</p> <ul> <li>\u6839\u636e\u7089\u6e29\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u5224\u65ad\u88ab\u63a7\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u57df\u5206\u6790\uff1f</li> <li> <p>\u95ed\u73af\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7279\u5f81\u65b9\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\uff0c\u7528\u52b3\u65af\u5224\u636e\u5224\u65ad\u5176\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027</p> \\[ D(\\lambda) = \\lambda^4+6\\lambda^3+9\\lambda^2+8\\lambda+6=0 \\] </li> <li> <p>\u95ed\u73af\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7279\u5f81\u65b9\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\uff0c\u7528\u52b3\u65af\u5224\u636e\u5224\u65ad\u5176\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027</p> \\[ D(\\lambda) = 2\\lambda^4+5\\lambda^3+4\\lambda^2+7\\lambda+1=0 \\] </li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#7","title":"\u7b2c 7 \u8bb2 \u9891\u57df\u5206\u6790","text":""},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#8","title":"\u7b2c 8 \u8bb2 \u79bb\u6563\u65f6\u95f4\u63a7\u5236","text":"<p>\u5386\u5e74\u9898\u76ee\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6a21\u62df\u578b\u53f7\u3001\u79bb\u6563\u4fe1\u53f7\u3001\u6570\u5b57\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b\u548c\u8054\u7cfb\uff1f\u65f6\u95f4\u8fde\u7eed\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u79bb\u6563\u5316\uff1f\u901a\u8fc7\u91c7\u6837\u5b9e\u73b0\u65f6\u95f4\u79bb\u6563\u5316\u540e\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u8fd8\u539f\u4e3a\u539f\u5148\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1f</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#9-pid","title":"\u7b2c 9 \u8bb2 PID \u63a7\u5236","text":"<p>\u5386\u5e74\u9898\u76ee\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u53d9\u8ff0 PID \u63a7\u5236\u4e2d P\u3001I\u3001D \u7684\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u53ca\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528</li> <li>\u7b80\u8981\u89e3\u91ca PID \u63a7\u5236\u5668\u4e2d\u53c2\u6570 KP\u3001KI\u3001KD \u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u8c08\u8c08\u9488\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u73af\u5883 PID \u63a7\u5236\u5668\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u6539\u8fdb\u6216\u62d3\u5c55\u3002</li> <li>\u53d9\u8ff0 PID \u63a7\u5236\u4e2d P\u3001I\u3001D \u7684\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e3e\u4f8b\u8bf4\u660e PID \u63a7\u5236\u5668\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#10","title":"\u7b2c 10 \u8bb2 \u673a\u5668\u4eba\u53ca\u5176\u63a7\u5236\u6280\u672f","text":"<p>\u5386\u5e74\u9898\u76ee\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u30103 \u6b21\u3011\u706b\u7bad\u5728\u6d77\u4e0a\u7740\u9646\u5e73\u53f0\u8fdb\u884c\u5782\u76f4\u7740\u9646\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u706b\u7bad\u7740\u9646\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ec0\u4e48\u63aa\u65bd\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff1f</li> <li>\u7b80\u8ff0\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6784\u6210\u4e0e\u63a7\u5236\u65b9\u5f0f</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#11","title":"\u7b2c 11 \u8bb2 \u81ea\u4e3b\u8f66\u8f86\u4e0e\u4ea4\u901a\u63a7\u5236","text":"<p>\u5386\u5e74\u9898\u76ee\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u57ce\u5e02\u4ea4\u901a\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f\u667a\u6167\u57ce\u5e02\u4ea4\u901a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u63a7\u5236\u6280\u672f\uff1f</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#12","title":"\u7b2c 12 \u8bb2 \u667a\u80fd\u5236\u9020\u4e2d\u7684\u63a7\u5236","text":"<p>\u5386\u5e74\u9898\u76ee\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u8bf7\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u4e1a\u5927\u6570\u636e\u4e0e\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5927\u6570\u636e\u5728\u6570\u636e\u6765\u6e90\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u4ef7\u503c\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002</li> <li>\u5de5\u4e1a 4.0 \u548c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u90fd\u662f\u201c\u667a\u80fd\u201d\uff0c\u8c08\u4e00\u8c08\u5de5\u4e1a\u667a\u80fd\u548c\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u4e0e\u533a\u522b\uff1f</li> <li>\u7b80\u8ff0\u5de5\u4e1a\u5927\u6570\u636e\u4e0e\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5927\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u5e76\u8bf4\u660e\u5de5\u4e1a\u5927\u6570\u636e\u548c\u667a\u80fd\u5236\u9020\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5173\u7cfb\uff1f</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#13","title":"\u7b2c 13 \u8bb2 \u5148\u8fdb\u63a7\u5236","text":""},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#14","title":"\u7b2c 14 \u8bb2 \u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236","text":"<p>\u5386\u5e74\u9898\u76ee\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u6839\u636e\u4e0b\u9762\u6846\u56fe\u5206\u6790\u95ed\u73af\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236</li> <li>\u5206\u6790\u4e0b\u9762\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53cd\u9988\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f53\u73b0\u51fa\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5e76\u8bf4\u660e\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7ed9\u5b9a\u503c\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u6270\u52a8\u5177\u4f53\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f</li> <li>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53cd\u9988\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5217\u4e3e\u4e09\u79cd\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u6270\u52a8\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u5206\u6790\u5982\u4f55\u514b\u670d\u6270\u52a8\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u4e0d\u826f\u5f71\u54cd\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#15","title":"\u7b2c 15 \u8bb2 \u751f\u7269\u63a7\u5236\u8bba","text":"<p>\u5386\u5e74\u9898\u76ee\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u8bd5\u53d9\u8ff0\u4eba\u4f53\u7ad9\u7acb\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8499\u4f4f\u53cc\u773c\u548c\u5355\u817f\u7ad9\u7acb\u65f6\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u4f1a\u4e0b\u964d\uff1f</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/general-physics-1/","title":"\u666e\u901a\u7269\u7406\u5b66 I \uff08H\uff09","text":"<p>\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7b80\u4ecb</p> <ul> <li>\u5f00\u8bfe\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2022-2023 \u6625\u590f</li> <li>\u6388\u8bfe\u6559\u5e08\uff1aMichael Smidman\u3001\u8def\u6b23</li> <li>\u5206\u6570\u6784\u6210\uff1a<ul> <li>\u4f5c\u4e1a 30%</li> <li>\u671f\u4e2d\u8003\u8bd5\u548c\u8bfe\u540e Quiz 30%</li> <li>\u671f\u672b\u8003\u8bd5 40%</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u6388\u8bfe\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u53cc\u8bed\u6559\u5b66</li> </ul> <p>\u4e2a\u4eba\u8bc4\u4ef7</p> <p>\u5728\u5916\u6559\u73ed\u4e0a\u5b66\u666e\u901a\u7269\u7406\u5b66\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9047\u5230\u7684\u969c\u788d\u5c31\u662f\u8bed\u8a00\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u540c\u5b66\u5728\u542c\u5b8c\u7b2c\u4e00\u8282\u8bfe\u540e\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u6362\u5230\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u73ed\u4e0a\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u5f00\u542f\u81ea\u5b66\u3002</p> <p>\u5916\u6559\u73ed\u7684\u666e\u901a\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u6388\u8bfe\u5185\u5bb9\u4ee5\u300aPhysics\u300b\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u8ba9\u4f60\u6df1\u523b\u7406\u89e3\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u4ece\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bfe\u540e\u7684 Quiz \u548c\u4f5c\u4e1a\u5185\u5bb9\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6709\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u5206\u6790\uff08\u5176\u4ed6\u73ed\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5219\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u9ad8\u4e2d\u7269\u7406\u7ade\u8d5b\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8003\u5bdf\u5f97\u4f1a\u7ec6\u8282\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u5404\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u5b9a\u7406\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u63a8\u5bfc\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e86\u5982\u4e8e\u5fc3\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zju/general-physics-1/#_1","title":"\u8003\u524d\u8865\u5929","text":""},{"location":"courses-zju/general-physics-1/#_2","title":"\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba","text":"<ul> <li> <p>\u89e3\u51b3\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e1c\u897f\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u9759\u6b62\u53c2\u8003\u7cfb\u548c\u8fd0\u52a8\u53c2\u8003\u7cfb</li> <li>\u56fa\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u56fa\u6709\u957f\u5ea6</li> <li>\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u5730\u70b9</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u6d1b\u4f26\u5179\u53d8\u6362\uff1a\u8bb0\u4f4f\u4e0b\u9762\u4e24\u4e2a\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u516c\u5f0f\u90fd\u80fd\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u6765\uff1a     $$     \\gamma=\\frac1{\\sqrt{1-u2/c2}}\\     x'=\\gamma(x-ut)\\     t'=\\gamma(t-ux/c^2)     $$</p> <ul> <li> <p>\u901f\u5ea6\u53d8\u6362\uff1a     $$     v_x'=\\frac{\\Delta x'}{\\Delta t'}\\     v_y'=\\frac{\\Delta y'}{\\Delta t'}     $$</p> </li> <li> <p>\u949f\u6162\u6548\u5e94\uff1a\u949f\u8868\u7684\u56fa\u6709\u65f6 \\(\\Delta t_0\\) \u4e0e\u4f60\u6d4b\u91cf\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u65f6\u95f4 \\(\\Delta t\\) \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</p> <ul> <li> <p>\u5173\u952e\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u949f\u6240\u5728\u9759\u6b62\u53c2\u8003\u7cfb\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e24\u6b21\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u5730\u70b9\u76f8\u540c\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\uff1a\u4f60\u5728 \\(S\\) \u7cfb\u4e2d\u9759\u6b62\uff0c\u949f\u5728 \\(S'\\) \u7cfb\u4e2d\u9759\u6b62\u3002</p> <ul> <li> <p>\u4f60\u5728 \\(S\\) \u7cfb\u4e2d\u53d1\u51fa\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u8bfb\u53d6\u949f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u8bfb\u53d6\u949f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u662f\u4f60\u8981\u53d6\u5f97\u7684 \\(\\Delta t\\)\uff0c\u5730\u70b9\u4e5f\u4e0d\u540c\uff08\u949f\u79fb\u52a8\u4e86\uff09\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5728 \\(S'\\) \u7cfb\u4e2d\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u5730\u70b9\u7684\uff08\u90fd\u662f\u949f\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u4e3a\u56fa\u6709\u65f6 \\(\\Delta t_0\\)\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u4ee3\u5165\u6d1b\u4f26\u5179\u53d8\u6362\u516c\u5f0f\u5f97\u5230\uff1a     $$     0=\\gamma(\\Delta x - u\\Delta t)\\     \\Delta t_0 = \\gamma(\\Delta t - u\\Delta x / c^2)     $$     \u6d88\u53bb \\(\\Delta x\\) \u5f97\u5230\u7ed3\u679c \\(\\Delta t = \\gamma \\Delta t_0\\)\u3002</p> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\uff1a\u4f60\u5728 \\(S'\\) \u7cfb\u4e2d\u9759\u6b62\uff0c\u949f\u5728 \\(S\\) \u7cfb\u4e2d\u9759\u6b62\u3002</p> <ul> <li> <p>\u4f60\u5728 \\(S'\\) \u7cfb\u4e2d\u53d1\u51fa\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u662f\u4f60\u8981\u53d6\u5f97\u7684 \\(\\Delta t\\)\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5728 \\(S\\) \u7cfb\u4e2d\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u5730\u70b9\u7684\uff0c\\(\\Delta x = 0\\)\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u4e3a \\(\\Delta t_0\\)\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u4ee3\u5165\u6d1b\u4f26\u5179\u53d8\u6362\u516c\u5f0f\u5f97\u5230\uff1a     $$     \\Delta t = \\gamma(\\Delta t_0 - u\\Delta x/c^2) = \\gamma\\Delta t_0     $$     \u76f4\u63a5\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u7ed3\u679c\u3002</p> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u5c3a\u7f29\u6548\u5e94\uff1a\u4e00\u6839\u6746\u7684\u56fa\u6709\u957f\u5ea6 \\(L_0\\) \u4e0e\u4f60\u6d4b\u91cf\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 \\(L\\) \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</p> <ul> <li> <p>\u5173\u952e\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6d4b\u91cf\u8005\u6240\u5728\u7684\u9759\u6b62\u53c2\u8003\u7cfb\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e24\u6b21\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e8b\u4ef6\u65f6\u95f4\u76f8\u540c\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\uff1a\u4f60\u5728 \\(S\\) \u7cfb\u4e2d\u9759\u6b62\uff0c\u6746\u5728 \\(S'\\) \u7cfb\u4e2d\u9759\u6b62\u3002</p> <ul> <li> <p>\u4f60\u5728 \\(S\\) \u7cfb\u4e2d\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u51fa\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff1a\u6d4b\u91cf\u6746\u5934\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u548c\u6746\u5c3e\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\\(\\Delta t = 0\\)\uff0c\\(\\Delta L\\) \u662f\u4f60\u8981\u7684\u91cf\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u5728 \\(S'\\) \u7cfb\u4e2d\u770b\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u4f46\u5df2\u77e5\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u4e3a \\(\\Delta L_0\\)\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u4ee3\u5165\u6d1b\u4f26\u5179\u53d8\u6362\u516c\u5f0f\u5f97\u5230\uff1a     $$     \\Delta L_0 = \\gamma(\\Delta L - u \\Delta t) = \\gamma\\Delta L     $$     \u76f4\u63a5\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u7ed3\u679c\u3002</p> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\uff1a\u4f60\u5728 \\(S'\\) \u7cfb\u4e2d\u9759\u6b62\uff0c\u6746\u5728 \\(S\\) \u7cfb\u4e2d\u9759\u6b62\u3002</p> <ul> <li> <p>\u4f60\u5728 \\(S'\\) \u7cfb\u4e2d\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u51fa\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff1a\u6d4b\u91cf\u6746\u5934\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u548c\u6746\u5c3e\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\\(\\Delta t' = 0\\)\uff0c\\(\\Delta L\\) \u662f\u4f60\u8981\u7684\u91cf\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u5728 \\(S\\) \u7cfb\u4e2d\u770b\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u4f46\u5df2\u77e5\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u4e3a \\(\\Delta L_0\\)\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u4ee3\u5165\u6d1b\u4f26\u5179\u53d8\u6362\u516c\u5f0f\u5f97\u5230\uff1a     $$     \\Delta L = \\gamma(\\Delta L_0 - u\\Delta t)\\     \\Delta t' = 0 = \\gamma(\\Delta t - u\\Delta L_0/c^2)     $$     \u6d88\u53bb \\(\\Delta t\\) \u5f97\u5230\u7ed3\u679c \\(\\Delta L = \\frac{\\Delta L_0}{\\gamma}\\)</p> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u5149\u7684\u591a\u666e\u52d2\u6548\u5e94\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u5149\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u65b9\u5411\u4e0e\u8fd0\u52a8\u65b9\u5411\u76f8\u540c\u65f6\uff1a</li> </ul> \\[ f=f_0\\sqrt{\\frac{1-u/c}{1+u/c}} \\] <ul> <li>\u82e5\u76f8\u5bf9\u9760\u8fd1\uff0c\u5219\u7528 \\(-u\\) \u4ee3\u66ff\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u72ed\u4e49\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u52a8\u529b\u5b66</p> <ul> <li> <p>\u52a8\u91cf     $$     \\mathbf{p}=\\frac{m_0}{\\sqrt{1-(v/c)^2}}\\mathbf{v}     $$</p> </li> <li> <p>\u8d28\u91cf     $$     m=\\frac{m_0}{\\sqrt{1-(v/c)^2}}     $$</p> <ul> <li>\u5149\u5b50\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u662f     $$     m_\\phi=\\frac{hv}{c^2}     $$</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u52a8\u91cf\u548c\u80fd\u91cf\u5173\u5173\u7cfb\u5f0f     $$     E2=c2p2+E_02=c2p2+m_02c4     $$</p> </li> <li></li> </ul> </li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/general-physics-1/#_3","title":"\u5206\u5b50\u52a8\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u7406\u60f3\u6c14\u4f53","text":"\\[ T_{tr}=273.16\\mathrm{K}\\\\ T_C=T-273.15\\\\ \\] <p>Ideal gas law: $$ pV=NkT=nRT $$</p> <ul> <li>Boltzmann constant \\(k=1.38\\times10^{-23}\\mathrm{J/K}\\)</li> <li>Molar gas constant \\(R=8.31\\mathrm{J/mol\\cdot K}\\)</li> </ul> <p>Thermal Expansion:</p> \\[ \\Delta L = \\alpha L \\Delta T \\] <ul> <li> <p>\\(\\alpha\\) is the coefficient of linear expansion.</p> </li> <li> <p>For many solids, called isotropic, the percent change in length for a given temperature change is the same for all lines in the solid. So we have volume expansion:</p> </li> </ul> \\[ \\Delta V = \\beta V \\Delta T = 3 \\alpha V \\Delta T\\\\ \\Rightarrow \\beta = 3 \\alpha \\]"},{"location":"courses-zju/general-physics-1/#pressure","title":"Pressure","text":"<p>Molecular View of Pressure:</p> <ul> <li>Average impulsive force exerted by on molecule: \\(F_x=\\frac{mv_x^2}{L}\\)<ul> <li>Change in momentum: \\(2mv_x\\)</li> <li>Time required to cross the cube: \\(\\frac{L}{v_x}\\)</li> </ul> </li> <li>Total force on face of cube:<ul> <li>\\(\\rho=Nm/L^3\\) is density.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> \\[ p = \\frac1{L^2}\\frac{\\sum mv^2_{ix}}{L} = \\rho(\\frac{\\sum^2_{ix}}{N})=\\rho(v^2_x)_{av}=\\frac13\\rho(v^2)_{av} \\] <p><code>rms</code> is root-mean-square</p> \\[ \\Rightarrow v_{\\mathrm{rms}}=\\sqrt{(v^2)_{av}}=\\sqrt{\\frac{3p}{\\rho}} \\] <ul> <li>Root-mean-square speed of the molecules is useful measure of average molecualr speed.</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/general-physics-1/#mean-free-path","title":"Mean Free Path","text":"<p>Mean free path \\(\\lambda\\) is the average value of straight-line distance our chosen molecule travels between collisions. All molecules of the gas have the same mean free path. $$ \\lambda=\\frac{kT}{\\sqrt2\\pi d^2 p} $$</p>"},{"location":"courses-zju/general-physics-1/#distribution-of-molecular-speeds","title":"Distribution of molecular speeds","text":"<p>Maxwell speed distribution: $$ N(v)=4\\pi N(\\frac{m}{2\\pi kT}){3/2}v2e{-mv2/2kT} $$ Consequences:</p> <ul> <li>Most probable speed \\(v_p =\\sqrt\\frac{2kT}{m}\\)</li> <li>Average speed \\(v_{av} =\\sqrt{\\frac{8kT}{\\pi m}}\\)</li> <li>Root-mean-square speed \\(v_{rms} = \\sqrt\\frac{3kT}{m}\\)</li> <li>Average translational kinetic energy \\(K_{trans}=\\frac32 kT\\)</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/general-physics-1/#real-gases","title":"Real Gases","text":"\\[ (p+\\frac{a}{V_m^2})(V_m-b)=RT \\]"},{"location":"courses-zju/general-physics-1/#_4","title":"\u70ed\u529b\u5b66","text":"<ul> <li> <p>\u56db\u5927\u51c6\u9759\u6001\u8fc7\u7a0b</p> <ul> <li>\u7b49\u4f53\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff08isochoric\uff09</li> <li>\u7b49\u538b\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff08isobaric\uff09</li> <li>\u7b49\u6e29\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff08isothermal\uff09\uff0c\u7b49\u6e29\u7ebf\uff08isotherm\uff09</li> <li>\u7edd\u70ed\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff08adiabatic\uff09\uff0c\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u4e3a\u7edd\u70ed\uff08in thermal isolation\uff09</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u5faa\u73af\u8fc7\u7a0b</p> <ul> <li> \\[     \\Delta E = 0, Q = A     \\] </li> <li> <p>\u70ed\u673a\uff08heat engine\uff09</p> <ul> <li> <p>\u987a\u65f6\u9488\u65b9\u5411</p> </li> <li> \\[     \\eta = \\frac{A}{Q_1}     \\] </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u5236\u51b7\u673a\uff08refrigerator\uff09</p> <ul> <li> <p>\u9006\u65f6\u9488\u65b9\u5411</p> </li> <li> \\[     \\omega=\\frac{Q_2}{A}     \\] </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u5361\u8bfa\u5faa\u73af\uff08Carnot Cycle\uff09</p> <ul> <li> <p>\u4e24\u6052\u6e29\u70ed\u6e90\u4e4b\u95f4\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u4e24\u4e2a\u51c6\u9759\u6001\u7684\u7edd\u70ed\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u4e24\u4e2a\u51c6\u9759\u6001\u7684\u7b49\u6e29\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u6709\u6b63\u3001\u9006\u5faa\u73af</p> </li> <li> \\[     \\eta_C=1-\\frac{Q_2}{Q_1}=1-\\frac{T_2}{T_1}\\\\     \\omega = \\frac{T_2}{T_1-T_2}     \\] </li> <li> <p>\u5361\u8bfa\u5b9a\u7406\uff1a\u53ef\u9006\u673a\u6548\u7387\u6700\u9ad8\uff0c\u4e3a\uff1a     $$     \\eta = 1 - \\frac{T_2}{T_1}     $$</p> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b</p> <ul> <li>\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4ece\u5355\u4e00\u70ed\u6e90\u5438\u70ed\u4f7f\u4e4b\u5b8c\u5168\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u529f\u800c\u4e0d\u4ea7\u751f\u5176\u4ed6\u5f71\u54cd\u3002</li> <li>\u70ed\u91cf\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u81ea\u53d1\u4ece\u4f4e\u6e29\u7269\u4f53\u4f20\u5411\u9ad8\u6e29\u7269\u4f53\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b</p> <ul> <li>\u51c6\u9759\u6001\u8fc7\u7a0b+\u65e0\u8017\u6563\u4f5c\u7528=\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002</li> <li>\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a<ul> <li>\u6469\u64e6\uff1a\u529f\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u70ed\u3002\u7531\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u70ed\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u518d\u5b8c\u5168\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u529f\u3002</li> <li>\u70ed\u91cf\u4ece\u9ad8\u6e29\u7269\u4f53\u76f4\u63a5\u4f20\u5411\u4f4e\u6e29\u7269\u4f53\uff1a\u540c\u4e0a\u3002</li> <li>\u6c14\u4f53\u81ea\u7531\u81a8\u80c0\uff1a\u7528\u6d3b\u585e\u5c06\u6c14\u4f53\u538b\u56de\u53bb\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5bf9\u6c14\u4f53\u505a\u529f\uff0c\u529f\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u6c14\u4f53\u5411\u5916\u754c\u653e\u51fa\u7684\u70ed\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u518d\u8f6c\u5316\u56de\u529f\u3002</li> <li>\u6c14\u4f53\u8fc5\u901f\u81a8\u80c0\uff1a\u6d3b\u585e\u9644\u8fd1\u6c14\u4f53\u538b\u5f3a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u6c14\u4f53\u5185\u90e8\u538b\u5f3a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8981\u7528\u6d3b\u585e\u63a8\u56de\u53bb\uff0c\u6d3b\u585e\u9644\u8fd1\u538b\u5f3a\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c0f\u4e8e\u6c14\u4f53\u5185\u90e8\u538b\u5f3a\uff0c\u5fc5\u5b9a\u8981\u591a\u505a\u529f\u3002\u8fd9\u5c06\u589e\u52a0\u6c14\u4f53\u5185\u80fd\uff0c\u4ee5\u70ed\u91cf\u5f62\u5f0f\u653e\u51fa\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u518d\u8f6c\u5316\u56de\u529f\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u53ef\u9006\u4e0e\u5426\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e2d\u95f4\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u71b5</p> <ul> <li> <p>\u71b5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0e\u521d\u672b\u72b6\u6001\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u4e0e\u8fc7\u7a0b\u65e0\u5173\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u71b5\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a     $$     \\Delta S = \\int^2_1(\\frac{\\delta Q}{T})_{\u53ef\u9006}     $$</p> </li> <li> <p>\u5728\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\\(\\frac{\\delta Q}{T}\\) \u5c31\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u71b5\u53d8\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u5047\u60f3\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0e\u5176\u521d\u672b\u72b6\u6001\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u7528\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u9006\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\uff0c\u71b5\u53d8\u7b49\u4e8e \\(0\\)\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u71b5</p> <ul> <li>\u81ea\u7531\u81a8\u80c0<ul> <li>\u6b64\u65f6\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c06 \\(\\frac{\\delta Q}{T}=0\\) \u770b\u4f5c\u71b5\u53d8\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u3002</li> <li>\u8bbe\u60f3\u4e00\u4e2a\u540c\u6837\u521d\u672b\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u53ef\u9006\u7b49\u6e29\u81a8\u80c0\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u79ef\u5206\u540e\u5f97 \\(\\Delta S = \\frac{m}{M}R\\ln{\\frac{V_2}{V_1}}&gt;0\\)\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u70ed\u4f20\u5bfc<ul> <li>\u5c06\u4e24\u4e2a\u7269\u4f53\u4e00\u8d77\u770b\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8bbe \\(T_1&gt;T_2\\)\u3002</li> <li>\u7cfb\u7edf\u603b\u71b5\u53d8\u4e3a \\(\\frac{\\delta Q}{T_2}-\\frac{\\delta Q}{T_1} &gt; 0\\)\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u71b5\u589e\u52a0\u539f\u7406\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u5c01\u95ed\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7cfb\u7edf\u71b5\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u71b5\u53ea\u5728\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u73bb\u5c14\u5179\u66fc\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a\\(S=k\\ln W\\)\u3002\u5176\u4e2d \\(W\\) \u662f\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u6982\u7387\uff0c\u5373\u5b8f\u89c2\u72b6\u6001\u6240\u5305\u542b\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u72b6\u6001\u6570\u3002</p> </li> <li></li> </ul> </li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/","title":"\u6d59\u6c5f\u5927\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7b14\u8bb0","text":"<p>\u7b80\u4ecb</p> <p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e3b\u8981\u5b58\u653e\u6d59\u6c5f\u5927\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u76f8\u5173\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7b14\u8bb0\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/#_2","title":"\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5217\u8868","text":""},{"location":"courses-zjucs/#_3","title":"\u2705\u5df2\u5b8c\u6210","text":""},{"location":"courses-zjucs/#_4","title":"\u270f\ufe0f\u6b63\u5728\u7f16\u8f91","text":"<ul> <li>C \u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7cfb\u5217\u8bfe\u7a0b</li> <li>HPC-101</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/","title":"C \u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7cfb\u5217\u8bfe\u7a0b","text":""},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/#_1","title":"\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7b80\u4ecb","text":"<p>\u8be5\u7b14\u8bb0\u5171\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u57fa\u7840\uff08FP\uff0cFundamentals of Programming\uff09<ul> <li>\u5f00\u8bfe\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2022-2023 \u5b66\u5e74 \u79cb\u51ac\u5b66\u671f</li> <li>\u6388\u8bfe\u6559\u5e08\uff1a\u8bb8\u7aef\u6e05</li> <li>\u6559\u6750\uff1aThe C Programming Language. 2nd Edition. Brian W. Kernighan &amp; Dennis M. Ritchie.</li> </ul> </li> <li>C \u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e13\u9898\uff08LCP\uff0cLectures on C Programming\uff09<ul> <li>\u5f00\u8bfe\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2022-2023 \u5b66\u5e74 \u6625\u590f\u5b66\u671f</li> <li>\u6388\u8bfe\u6559\u5e08\uff1a\u7fc1\u607a</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u8fd9\u95e8\u8bfe\u7684\u6559\u6750\u662f\u7ecf\u5178\u7684 K&amp;R C\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a K&amp;R C \u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u96be\u5ea6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8bfb\u8005\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684 C \u8bed\u8a00\u57fa\u7840\uff08\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u5bf9\u5b83\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4e5f\u662f\u201c\u53c2\u8003\u624b\u518c\u201d\u800c\u975e\u5165\u95e8\u4e66\u7c4d\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u66f4\u63a8\u8350\u51c6\u5907\u4fee\u8bfb\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u4f7f\u7528\u300aC Primer Plus\u300b\u5165\u95e8\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u6709\u70b9\u539a\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5185\u5bb9\u5168\u9762\uff0c\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e30\u5bcc\uff0c\u8ddf\u7740\u5b83\u5b66\u4e60\u4e00\u904d\u4f60\u80fd\u517b\u6210\u826f\u597d\u7684 C \u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e60\u60ef\uff0c\u5e76\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/#_2","title":"\u7b14\u8bb0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<p>\u6211\u8ba1\u5212\u4ee5\u4e13\u9898\u65b9\u5f0f\u5bf9\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5185\u5bb9\u8fdb\u884c\u5f52\u7eb3\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b</li> <li>\u7c7b\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406</li> <li>\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6</li> <li>\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5</li> <li>C \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e0e\u56fe\u5f62\u5e93\u7684\u4f7f\u7528</li> <li>\u5386\u5e74\u5377\u6574\u7406</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/","title":"\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u672c\u8282\u8bb2\u89e3\u51e0\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff08ADT\uff0cAbstract Data Type\uff09\u548c\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u94fe\u8868</li> <li>\u6808\u3001\u961f\u5217</li> <li>\u9012\u5f52\u601d\u60f3</li> <li>\u67e5\u627e\u7b97\u6cd5</li> <li>\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5<ul> <li>\u4e09\u5927\u57fa\u7840\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f</li> <li>\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f</li> <li>\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/#_2","title":"\u62bd\u8c61\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b","text":"<p>\u7528\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u6982\u62ec\u62bd\u8c61\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff08ADT\uff0cAbstract Data Type\uff09\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5b83\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5206\u79bb\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 ADT \u7684\u4eba\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u80fd\u505a\u54ea\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50</p> <p>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 <code>string</code> \u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd ADT\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u5982 <code>length()</code>\u3001<code>substr()</code>\u3001<code>find()</code> \u7b49\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002<code>string</code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u94fe\u8868\u7b49\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u63cf\u8ff0 ADT\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 API\uff08Application Programming Interface\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u8868\u793a\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cAPI \u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86 ADT \u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50</p> <p>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 <code>string</code> \u7684 API\uff1a</p> \u8fd4\u56de\u503c \u65b9\u6cd5\u540d \u53c2\u6570 \u529f\u80fd <code>int</code> <code>length()</code> \u65e0 \u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 <code>string</code> <code>substr(string str, int start, int len)</code> <code>start</code>\uff1a\u5b50\u4e32\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e<code>len</code>\uff1a\u5b50\u4e32\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 \u8fd4\u56de\u5b50\u4e32 <code>int</code> <code>find(string substr)</code> <code>substr</code>\uff1a\u5f85\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u5b50\u4e32 \u8fd4\u56de\u5b50\u4e32\u5728\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e <p>\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e00\u5f20\u8868\u5c31\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684 API\u3002\u5b83\u5b8c\u6574\u5730\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u8fd9\u5f20\u8868\u5c31\u591f\u4e86\u3002</p> <p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 API \u5bf9\u94fe\u8868\u3001\u6808\u3001\u961f\u5217\u7b49 ADT \u8fdb\u884c\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u5e76\u91cd\u70b9\u5173\u6ce8\u5176\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ec6\u8282\u3002</p>","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/#_3","title":"\u94fe\u8868","text":"<p>\u53d1\u660e\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5f25\u8865\u6570\u7ec4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u9ebb\u70e6\u3002</p> <p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u60f3\u8c61\u6210\u4e00\u6392\u623f\u5b50\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u623f\u5b50\u90fd\u6709\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5730\u5740\u627e\u5230\u623f\u5b50\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u5728\u8fd9\u6392\u623f\u5b50\u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u680b\u65b0\u623f\u5b50\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u540e\u9762\u7684\u623f\u5b50\u90fd\u5f80\u540e\u632a\u4e00\u4f4d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u5f88\u9ebb\u70e6\u7684\u3002\u800c\u94fe\u8868\u50cf\u662f\u4e00\u4e32\u76f8\u8fde\u7684\u94a5\u5319\u6263\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u89e3\u5f00\u4e24\u4e2a\u94a5\u5319\u6263\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u5728\u4efb\u610f\u4f4d\u7f6e\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u94a5\u5319\u6263\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u632a\u52a8\u540e\u9762\u7684\u94a5\u5319\u6263\u3002</p> <p>\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9 <code>Node</code> \u90fd\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\uff1a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6570\u636e <code>Data</code> \u548c\u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488 <code>Next</code>\u3002</p> <p></p>","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/#api","title":"\u94fe\u8868 API","text":"\u8fd4\u56de\u503c \u65b9\u6cd5\u540d \u53c2\u6570 \u529f\u80fd <code>LinkedList</code> <code>create()</code> \u65e0 \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u94fe\u8868 <code>void</code> <code>destroy(LinkedList list)</code> <code>list</code>\uff1a\u94fe\u8868 \u9500\u6bc1\u94fe\u8868 <code>void</code> <code>insert(LinkedList list, int index, int data)</code> <code>list</code>\uff1a\u94fe\u8868<code>index</code>\uff1a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15<code>data</code>\uff1a\u5f85\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e \u5728\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u8282\u70b9 <code>void</code> <code>append(LinkedList list, int data)</code> <code>list</code>\uff1a\u94fe\u8868<code>data</code>\uff1a\u5f85\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e \u5728\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u8282\u70b9 <code>void</code> <code>delete(LinkedList list, int index)</code> <code>list</code>\uff1a\u94fe\u8868<code>index</code>\uff1a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 \u5220\u9664\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u8282\u70b9 <code>void</code> <code>deleteValue(LinkedList list, int data)</code> <code>list</code>\uff1a\u94fe\u8868<code>data</code>\uff1a\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u7684\u6570\u636e \u5220\u9664\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u4e3a <code>data</code> \u7684\u8282\u70b9 <code>int</code> <code>length(LinkedList list)</code> <code>list</code>\uff1a\u94fe\u8868 \u8fd4\u56de\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 <code>Node</code> <code>get(LinkedList list, int index)</code> <code>list</code>\uff1a\u94fe\u8868<code>index</code>\uff1a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 \u8fd4\u56de\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u8282\u70b9 <code>Node</code> <code>search(LinkedList list, int data)</code> <code>list</code>\uff1a\u94fe\u8868<code>data</code>\uff1a\u5f85\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u6570\u636e \u8fd4\u56de\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u4e3a <code>data</code> \u7684\u8282\u70b9 <code>void</code> <code>print(LinkedList list)</code> <code>list</code>\uff1a\u94fe\u8868 \u6253\u5370\u94fe\u8868","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/#_4","title":"\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u57fa\u672c\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0d\u518d\u4f5c\u89e3\u6790\uff0c\u5217\u51fa\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a</p> \u57fa\u7840\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0 linked_list.c<pre><code>typedef struct Node {\nint data;\nstruct Node *next;\n} Node;\ntypedef struct LinkedList {\nNode *head;\nint length;\n} LinkedList;\nLinkedList *create() {\nLinkedList *list = (LinkedList *)malloc(sizeof(LinkedList));\nlist-&gt;head = NULL;\nlist-&gt;length = 0;\nreturn list;\n}\nint length(LinkedList *list) {\nreturn list-&gt;length;\n}\nNode *get(LinkedList *list, int index) {\nif (index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= list-&gt;length) {\nprintf(\"Index out of range\\n\");\nreturn NULL;\n}\nNode *p = list-&gt;head;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; index; i++) {\np = p-&gt;next;\n}\nreturn p;\n}\nvoid insert(LinkedList *list, int index, int data) {\nif (index &lt; 0 || index &gt; list-&gt;length) {\nprintf(\"Index out of range\\n\");\nreturn;\n}\nNode *new_node = (Node *)malloc(sizeof(Node));\nnew_node-&gt;data = data;\nnew_node-&gt;next = NULL;\nif (index == 0) {\nnew_node-&gt;next = list-&gt;head;\nlist-&gt;head = new_node;\n} else {\nNode *p = get(list, index - 1);\nnew_node-&gt;next = p-&gt;next;\np-&gt;next = new_node;\n}\nlist-&gt;length++;\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u94fe\u8868\u65f6\uff0c\u540c\u5b66\u4eec\u9047\u5230\u7684\u6700\u5927\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5904\u7406\u7a7a\u6307\u9488\u7b49\u8fb9\u754c\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5224\u65ad\u94fe\u8868\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\u3002</p> <p>\u7a7a\u6307\u9488</p> <p>\u4f7f\u7528\u94fe\u8868\u65f6\u7279\u522b\u6ce8\u610f\u7a7a\u6307\u9488\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002</p> <p></p> <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u7b80\u5316\u5904\u7406\u7a7a\u6307\u9488\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u5934\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u54d1\u8282\u70b9\uff09 <code>dummy</code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u5934\u90e8\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e3a\u7a7a\u4e86\u3002\u865a\u62df\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6570\u636e\u57df\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u518d\u7ef4\u62a4 <code>length</code> \u5b57\u6bb5\u4e86\u3002</p> <p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u548c\u5faa\u73af\u94fe\u8868\u7b49\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5176 API \u4e5f\u4f1a\u7565\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u7ed9\u51fa\u5176\u793a\u610f\u56fe\uff0c\u8bf7\u81ea\u884c\u8003\u8651\u5176 API \u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a</p> <p></p>","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/#_5","title":"\u6808","text":"<p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6808\u60f3\u8c61\u6210\u4e00\u5806\u4e66\u672c\uff0c\u4f60\u53ea\u80fd\u4ece\u6700\u4e0a\u9762\u53d6\u8d70\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ea\u80fd\u5c06\u4e66\u653e\u5728\u6700\u4e0a\u9762\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u540e\u8fdb\u5148\u51fa\uff08Last In First Out\uff0cLIFO\uff09\u3002</p>","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/#api_1","title":"\u6808 API","text":"\u8fd4\u56de\u503c \u65b9\u6cd5\u540d \u53c2\u6570 \u529f\u80fd <code>Stack</code> <code>create()</code> \u65e0 \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u6808 <code>void</code> <code>destroy(Stack stack)</code> <code>stack</code>\uff1a\u6808 \u9500\u6bc1\u6808 <code>void</code> <code>push(Stack stack, int data)</code> <code>stack</code>\uff1a\u6808<code>data</code>\uff1a\u5f85\u5165\u6808\u7684\u6570\u636e \u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5165\u6808 <code>int</code> <code>pop(Stack stack)</code> <code>stack</code>\uff1a\u6808 \u5c06\u6808\u9876\u6570\u636e\u51fa\u6808\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de <code>int</code> <code>peek(Stack stack)</code> <code>stack</code>\uff1a\u6808 \u8fd4\u56de\u6808\u9876\u6570\u636e <code>int</code> <code>isEmpty(Stack stack)</code> <code>stack</code>\uff1a\u6808 \u5224\u65ad\u6808\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/#_6","title":"\u6808\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u57fa\u672c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a</p> \u6808\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0 stack.c<pre><code>typedef struct Stack {\nint *data;\nint top;\nint capacity;\n} Stack;\nStack *create() {\nStack *stack = (Stack *)malloc(sizeof(Stack));\nstack-&gt;data = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int) * 10);\nstack-&gt;top = -1;\nstack-&gt;capacity = 10;\nreturn stack;\n}\nvoid destroy(Stack *stack) {\nfree(stack-&gt;data);\nfree(stack);\n}\nvoid push(Stack *stack, int data) {\nif (stack-&gt;top == stack-&gt;capacity - 1) {\nprintf(\"Stack overflow\\n\");\nreturn;\n}\nstack-&gt;data[++stack-&gt;top] = data;\n}\nint pop(Stack *stack) {\nif (stack-&gt;top == -1) {\nprintf(\"Stack underflow\\n\");\nreturn -1;\n}\nreturn stack-&gt;data[stack-&gt;top--];\n}\nint peek(Stack *stack) {\nif (stack-&gt;top == -1) {\nprintf(\"Stack underflow\\n\");\nreturn -1;\n}\nreturn stack-&gt;data[stack-&gt;top];\n}\nint isEmpty(Stack *stack) {\nreturn stack-&gt;top == -1;\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u6808\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u8f83\u4e3a\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u518d\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u89e3\u91ca\u3002</p>","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/#_7","title":"\u961f\u5217","text":"<p>\u961f\u5217\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5148\u8fdb\u5148\u51fa\uff08First In First Out\uff0cFIFO\uff09\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u60f3\u8c61\u6210\u6392\u961f\u4e70\u7968\u3002\u961f\u5217\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u7aef\u70b9\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u961f\u5934\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u961f\u5c3e\u3002\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u4ece\u961f\u5c3e\u5165\u961f\uff0c\u4ece\u961f\u5934\u51fa\u961f\u3002</p>","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/#api_2","title":"\u961f\u5217 API","text":"\u8fd4\u56de\u503c \u65b9\u6cd5\u540d \u53c2\u6570 \u529f\u80fd <code>Queue</code> <code>create()</code> \u65e0 \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u961f\u5217 <code>void</code> <code>destroy(Queue queue)</code> <code>queue</code>\uff1a\u961f\u5217 \u9500\u6bc1\u961f\u5217 <code>void</code> <code>enqueue(Queue queue, int data)</code> <code>queue</code>\uff1a\u961f\u5217<code>data</code>\uff1a\u5f85\u5165\u961f\u7684\u6570\u636e \u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5165\u961f <code>int</code> <code>dequeue(Queue queue)</code> <code>queue</code>\uff1a\u961f\u5217 \u5c06\u961f\u5934\u6570\u636e\u51fa\u961f\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de <code>int</code> <code>peek(Queue queue)</code> <code>queue</code>\uff1a\u961f\u5217 \u8fd4\u56de\u961f\u5934\u6570\u636e <code>int</code> <code>isEmpty(Queue queue)</code> <code>queue</code>\uff1a\u961f\u5217 \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/#_8","title":"\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u961f\u5217\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u9700\u8981\u9891\u7e41\u5730\u5728\u961f\u5c3e\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u548c\u5728\u961f\u5934\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u57fa\u672c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a</p> \u961f\u5217\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u5b9e\u73b0 queue.c<pre><code>typedef struct Queue {\nint data;\nstruct Queue *next;\n} Queue;\nQueue *create() {\nQueue *queue = (Queue *)malloc(sizeof(Queue));\nqueue-&gt;next = NULL;\nreturn queue;\n}\nvoid destroy(Queue *queue) {\nQueue *tmp;\nwhile (queue) {\ntmp = queue;\nqueue = queue-&gt;next;\nfree(tmp);\n}\n}\nvoid enqueue(Queue *queue, int data) {\nQueue *tmp = queue;\nwhile (tmp-&gt;next) {\ntmp = tmp-&gt;next;\n}\ntmp-&gt;next = (Queue *)malloc(sizeof(Queue));\ntmp-&gt;next-&gt;data = data;\ntmp-&gt;next-&gt;next = NULL;\n}\nint dequeue(Queue *queue) {\nif (!queue-&gt;next) {\nprintf(\"Queue underflow\\n\");\nreturn -1;\n}\nQueue *tmp = queue-&gt;next;\nint data = tmp-&gt;data;\nqueue-&gt;next = tmp-&gt;next;\nfree(tmp);\nreturn data;\n}\nint peek(Queue *queue) {\nif (!queue-&gt;next) {\nprintf(\"Queue underflow\\n\");\nreturn -1;\n}\nreturn queue-&gt;next-&gt;data;\n}\nint isEmpty(Queue *queue) {\nreturn !queue-&gt;next;\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5206\u5272\u7ebf\u4e0b\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u6682\u672a\u6574\u7406</p>","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/#_9","title":"\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u8ba9\u6570\u7ec4\u4ee5\u5347\u5e8f\u6392\u5217</p>","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/#selection-sort","title":"Selection sort","text":"<p>\u6570\u7ec4\u88ab\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\uff1a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u548c\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u8fed\u4ee3\uff0c\u4ece\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u9009\u51fa\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u653e\u5230\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5f00\u5934\u3002</p> <p>\u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u4e24\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u4e2d\u5d4c\u5957\u4e86\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u503c\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002</p> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(N\\) \u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u7ea6 \\(N^2/2\\) \u6b21\u6bd4\u8f83\u548c \\(N\\) \u6b21\u4ea4\u6362\u3002</p> <pre><code>void selection_sort(int *arr, int len) {\nint i, j, min, tmp;\nfor (i = 0; i &lt; len - 1; i++) {//The wall begins at 0 and ends at len-1\nmin = i;\nfor (j = i + 1; j &lt; len; j++) {//Find the minimum element in the unsorted array\nif (arr[j] &lt; arr[min]) {\nmin = j;\n}\n}\nif (min != i) {//Swap\ntmp = arr[i];\narr[i] = arr[min];\narr[min] = tmp;\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre>","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/#bubble-sort","title":"Bubble sort","text":"<p>\u6570\u7ec4\u88ab\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\uff1a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u548c\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u8fed\u4ee3\uff0c\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\u4ece\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0a\u6d6e\u5230\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u3002</p> <p>\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u5192\u6ce1\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\uff1a\u4ece\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u9010\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u524d\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u6bd4\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5c0f\uff0c\u5219\u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5373\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\u201c\u4e0a\u6d6e\u201d\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u201c\u4e0b\u6c89\u201d\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u5728\u5de6\u4fa7\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u5728\u53f3\u4fa7\u3002</p> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u9700\u8981 n-1 \u6b21\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <pre><code>void bubble_sort(int *arr, int len) {\nint i, j, tmp;\nfor (i = 0; i &lt; len - 1; i++) {\nfor (j = len - 1; j &gt; i; j--) {//Bubble\nif (arr[j] &lt; arr[j - 1]) {\ntmp = arr[j];\narr[j] = arr[j - 1];\narr[j - 1] = tmp;\n}\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre>","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/#insertion-sort","title":"Insertion sort","text":"<p>\u6570\u7ec4\u88ab\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\uff1a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u548c\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u8fed\u4ee3\uff0c\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u88ab\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</p> <p>\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u5d4c\u5165\u4e86\u5bfb\u627e\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002</p> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u968f\u673a\u6392\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(N\\) \u4e14\u4e3b\u952e\u4e0d\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u9700\u8981 \\(N^2/4\\) \u6b21\u6bd4\u8f83\u548c \\(N^2/4\\) \u6b21\u4ea4\u6362\u3002\u6700\u574f\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u9700\u8981 \\(N^2/2\\) \u6b21\u6bd4\u8f83\u548c \\(N^2/2\\) \u6b21\u4ea4\u6362\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u9700\u8981 \\(N-1\\) \u6b21\u6bd4\u8f83\u548c \\(0\\) \u6b21\u4ea4\u6362\u3002</p> <pre><code>void insertion_sort(int *arr, int len) {\nint i, j, tmp;\nfor (i = 1; i &lt; len; i++) {\ntmp = arr[i];\nfor (j = i; j &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; arr[j - 1] &gt; tmp; j--) {//Find the correct position\narr[j] = arr[j - 1];\n}\narr[j] = tmp;\n}\n}\n</code></pre>","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/#_10","title":"\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f","text":"<pre><code>void merge(int *arr, int *tmp, int left, int mid, int right) {\nint i, j, k;\nfor (i = left, j = mid + 1, k = left; i &lt;= mid &amp;&amp; j &lt;= right; k++) {\nif (arr[i] &lt;= arr[j]) {\ntmp[k] = arr[i++];\n} else {\ntmp[k] = arr[j++];\n}\n}\nwhile (i &lt;= mid) {\ntmp[k++] = arr[i++];\n}\nwhile (j &lt;= right) {\ntmp[k++] = arr[j++];\n}\nfor (i = left; i &lt;= right; i++) {\narr[i] = tmp[i];\n}\n}\n\nvoid merge_sort(int *arr, int *tmp, int left, int right) {\nif (left &lt; right) {\nint mid = (left + right) / 2;\nmerge_sort(arr, tmp, left, mid);\nmerge_sort(arr, tmp, mid + 1, right);\nmerge(arr, tmp, left, mid, right);\n}\n}\n</code></pre>","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/#_11","title":"\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f","text":"<pre><code>int partition(int *arr, int left, int right) {\nint pivot = arr[left];\nwhile (left &lt; right) {\nwhile (left &lt; right &amp;&amp; arr[right] &gt;= pivot) {\nright--;\n}\narr[left] = arr[right];\nwhile (left &lt; right &amp;&amp; arr[left] &lt;= pivot) {\nleft++;\n}\narr[right] = arr[left];\n}\narr[left] = pivot;\nreturn left;\n}\n\nvoid quick_sort(int *arr, int left, int right) {\nif (left &lt; right) {\nint pivot = partition(arr, left, right);\nquick_sort(arr, left, pivot - 1);\nquick_sort(arr, pivot + 1, right);\n}\n}\n</code></pre>","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/#_12","title":"\u5e0c\u5c14\u6392\u5e8f","text":"<pre><code>void shell_sort(int *arr, int len) {\nint i, j, tmp, gap;\nfor (gap = len / 2; gap &gt; 0; gap /= 2) {\nfor (i = gap; i &lt; len; i++) {\ntmp = arr[i];\nfor (j = i; j &gt;= gap &amp;&amp; arr[j - gap] &gt; tmp; j -= gap) {\narr[j] = arr[j - gap];\n}\narr[j] = tmp;\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre>","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-type-and-memory-management/","title":"\u7c7b\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u672c\u8282\u8bb2\u89e3 C \u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u3002</p>","tags":["doing"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-type-and-memory-management/#_2","title":"\u7c7b\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u8be5\u90e8\u5206\u5728\u8bfe\u5802\u4e0a\u6709\u8f83\u4e3a\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u8bb2\u89e3\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u5f53\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e86\u89e3\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u6574\u578b\uff1a<code>int</code>\u3001<code>long</code>\u3001<code>short</code>\u3001<code>char</code>\u3001<code>unsigned</code>\u3001<code>signed</code> \u7b49\u3002</li> <li>\u7ed3\u6784</li> </ul>","tags":["doing"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-type-and-memory-management/#_3","title":"\u6570\u636e\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f","text":"<p>todo: \u6570\u636e\u4e0e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5</p>","tags":["doing"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-type-and-memory-management/#c","title":"C \u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf","text":"\u5b57\u7b26\u7c7b\u578b\u89e3\u60d1 <p>\u6216\u8bb8\u4f60\u4f1a\u548c\u6211\u540c\u6837\u5bf9\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u611f\u5230\u56f0\u60d1\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5b57\u7b26\u5e38\u91cf\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u662f <code>int</code> \u4e14\u957f\u5ea6\u662f 4 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff1f</li> <li>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 <code>getchar()</code> \u7b49\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de <code>int</code> \u800c\u4e0d\u662f <code>char</code>\uff1f</li> <li>\u5bbd\u5b57\u7b26\u3001\u591a\u5b57\u8282\u5b57\u7b26\u548c Unicode \u7a76\u7adf\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\uff1f</li> </ul> <p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c06\u89e3\u91ca\u524d\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u505a\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u770b \u6742\u9879 \u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u5185\u5bb9\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5b57\u7b26\u5e38\u91cf\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f <code>int</code>\uff1f</li> </ul> <p>\u591a\u5b57\u7b26\u5e38\u91cf\uff08Multicharacter constants\uff09\u7ee7\u627f\u4e8e C \u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u524d\u8eab B \u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u9014\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u7f16\u5199\u6c47\u7f16\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6c47\u7f16\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u591a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<code>'abcd'</code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a 32 \u4f4d\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u3002</p> <p>\u5728 C \u6807\u51c6\u4e2d\uff0c\u591a\u5b57\u7b26\u5e38\u91cf\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a <code>int</code> \u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u957f\u5ea6\u662f 4 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u3002\u5728 C \u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u591a\u5b57\u7b26\u5e38\u91cf\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u8c03\u8bd5\u76ee\u7684\u800c\u5d4c\u5165\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u7684\u9b54\u6570\uff08Magic Numbers\uff09\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528 <code>0xfeedbeef</code> \u548c <code>0xdeadbeef</code> \u800c\u4e0d\u662f <code>NULL</code> \u6765\u6807\u8bb0\u6307\u9488\u7684\u672a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u548c\u5df2\u5220\u9664\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u597d\u5904\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9b54\u6570\u6765\u5b9a\u4f4d\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u5e94\u5f53\u907f\u514d\u5c06\u591a\u5b57\u7b26\u5e38\u91cf\u4ece <code>int</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a <code>char</code> \u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e00\u8f6c\u6362\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u7531\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5b9e\u73b0\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u6bd4\u5982 <code>char a = 'ABCD'</code>\uff0c\u5728 gcc\u3001clang\u3001msvc \u4e0a\u5747\u4e3a <code>a = 'D'</code>\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728 armcc \u4e0a\u4e3a <code>a = 'A'</code>\u3002</p> <ul> <li><code>getchar()</code> \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u8fd4\u56de <code>int</code> \u7c7b\u578b\uff1f</li> </ul> <p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de <code>EOF</code>\uff0c\u800c <code>EOF</code> \u5728\u6807\u51c6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a <code>int</code> \u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a <code>(int)-1</code>\u3002</p> <p>This macro is an integer value that is returned by a number of narrow stream functions to indicate an end-of-file condition, or some other error situation.</p> <p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u8fd9\u4e48\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1f\u4ece\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c<code>EOF</code> \u5e94\u5f53\u4e0e\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u503c\u90fd\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<code>(char)-1</code> \u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\uff08\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u662f <code>char</code> \u7c7b\u578b\uff0c<code>char</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u503c\u90fd\u80fd\u8868\u793a\u5b57\u7b26\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u4f5c <code>EOF</code>\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528 <code>(int)-1</code>\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0e\u524d\u8005\u5bbd\u5ea6\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u503c\u3002</p> <p>\u8fd8\u8bb0\u5f97\u7684\u5728\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u6574\u5f62\u63d0\u5347\u5417\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u8ba9 <code>getchar()</code> \u8fd4\u56de <code>(char)-1</code>\uff0c\u5f53\u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u6536\u5230 <code>(char)-1</code> \u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u4ece\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u6570\u5230\u6709\u7b26\u53f7\u6570\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\uff08\u5373\u4f7f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e3a\u6709\u7b26\u53f7\u7684 <code>char</code>\uff09\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8fd4\u56de <code>(int)255</code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e <code>EOF</code> \u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u7b26\u3002</p> <p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c<code>char</code>\u3001<code>signed char</code> \u4e0e <code>unsigned char</code> \u76f4\u63a5\u4e24\u4e24\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1 <code>char</code> \u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e3a\u6709\u7b26\u53f7\u6570\u8fd8\u662f\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u6570\u7531\u5b9e\u73b0\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002</p> <p>\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>What is the purpose of multi character constants in C? - Quora</li> <li>Character constant - cppreference.com</li> <li>int c = getchar()? Why int? : C_Programming (reddit.com)</li> <li>Implicit conversions - cppreference.com</li> </ul>","tags":["doing"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-type-and-memory-management/#_4","title":"\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b","text":"","tags":["doing"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-type-and-memory-management/#_5","title":"\u9605\u8bfb\u548c\u64b0\u5199\u7c7b\u578b\u58f0\u660e","text":"<p>Info</p> <p>\u672c\u8282\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3b\u8981\u6765\u81ea\u300aC \u4e13\u5bb6\u7f16\u7a0b\u300b\u7b2c 3 \u7ae0\u201c\u5206\u6790 C \u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u58f0\u660e\u201d\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u6700\u597d\u4f7f\u7528 <code>typedef</code> \u9010\u6b65\u5408\u6210\u58f0\u660e\u3002</p> <p>One good way to synthesize declarations is in small steps with <code>typedef</code>. K&amp;R C, 5.12.</p> <p>\u300aC \u4e13\u5bb6\u7f16\u7a0b\u300b\u548c\u300aC \u9677\u9631\u4e0e\u7f3a\u9677\u300b\u90fd\u63d0\u51fa\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7406\u89e3\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u58f0\u660e\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u8868\u8ff0\u4e3a\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u58f0\u660e\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002</li> <li>\u58f0\u660e\u662f\u7c7b\u578b+\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u5bf9\u8be5\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6c42\u503c\u5c06\u5f97\u5230\u8be5\u7c7b\u578b\u3002</li> </ul> \u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50 <p>\u770b\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u58f0\u660e\uff1a<code>int *p</code></p> <ul> <li><code>p</code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u58f0\u660e\u5b83\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f <code>*p</code> \uff08\u89e3\u5f15\u7528 <code>p</code>\uff09\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002</li> <li><code>p</code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u5bf9\u5b83\u6c42\u503c\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a <code>int</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u503c\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u518d\u770b\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u58f0\u660e\uff1a<code>char (*(*x[3])())[5]</code></p> <ul> <li><code>x</code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u58f0\u660e\u5b83\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f <code>x[3]</code> \u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002</li> <li>\u628a <code>(*(*x[3])())[5]</code> \u770b\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ece\u5185\u5411\u5916\u6309\u7167\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u548c\u7ed3\u5408\u5f8b\u5bf9\u5176\u6c42\u503c\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a <code>char</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u6c42\u503c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f9d\u6b21\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u3001\u6570\u7ec4\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5f97\u5230\u4e86 <code>char</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u3002</li> </ul> K&amp;R \u5bf9 C \u8bed\u8a00\u7c7b\u578b\u58f0\u660e\u7684\u89e3\u8bfb <p>Todo</p> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u58f0\u660e\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5df2\u7ecf\u8db3\u591f\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u603b\u662f\u5bb9\u6613\u627e\u5230\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f62\u5f0f\u53c2\u6570\u3001<code>typedef</code>\u3001<code>sizeof</code> \u548c\u5f3a\u5236\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u7b26\u7b49\u60c5\u51b5\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c31\u4e0d\u591f\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\uff1a\u4ece\u6700\u5185\u5c42\u62ec\u53f7\u5f00\u59cb\u8bfb\u3002</p> <p>\u770b\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a</p> <pre><code>(*(void(*)())0)();\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>\u4ece\u6700\u5185\u5c42\u62ec\u53f7\u5f00\u59cb\u8bfb\uff1a<code>void(*)()</code> \u663e\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u7c7b\u578b\u662f <code>void</code>\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\u4e3a\u7a7a\u3002</li> <li>\u4e00\u5c42\u62ec\u53f7\u628a <code>void(*)()</code> \u5305\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5f3a\u5236\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u628a <code>0</code> \u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a <code>void(*)()</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002</li> <li>\u6700\u540e\u5c31\u5269\u4e0b <code>(*fp)()</code> \u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u4e86\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u8c03\u7528\u9996\u5730\u5740\u4e3a <code>0</code> \u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u5206\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u58f0\u660e\uff1a</p> <pre><code>typedef void (*funcptr)();\n(*(funcptr)0)();\n</code></pre> <p>C \u8bed\u8a00\u8003\u8bd5\u4e2d\u8fd8\u4f1a\u8981\u6c42\u4f60\u9605\u8bfb\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\uff0c\u4e3a\u5f62\u53c2\u7b49\u4f4d\u7f6e\u586b\u5199\u7c7b\u578b\u58f0\u660e\u3002\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u5386\u5e74\u5377\u603b\u7ed3\u4e2d\u7684\u4f8b\u9898\u3002</p> <p>\u5206\u5272\u7ebf\u4e0b\u65b9\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8fd8\u672a\u6574\u7406</p>","tags":["doing"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-type-and-memory-management/#_6","title":"\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406","text":"<p>C \u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u662f\u4e00\u5927\u75db\u70b9\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u672c\u8eab\u5e76\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b\u68c0\u67e5\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u597d\u597d\u638c\u63e1\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5199\u51fa\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3002</p>","tags":["doing"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-type-and-memory-management/#_7","title":"\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26","text":"<p>\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u4e86\u89e3\u51e0\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26</p> <ul> <li>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u503c\u90fd\u5360\u7528\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e00\u5757\u5185\u5b58\u79f0\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u50a8\u5b58\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u503c\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u542b\u4e49</p> <p>\u201c\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u6307\u7684\u662f\u201c\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\u201d\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u58f0\u660e\u53d8\u91cf\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff0c\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u786c\u4ef6\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002</li> <li>\u6307\u9488\u4e0e\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u6307\u5b9a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u9014\u5f84\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5de6\u503c</p> <p>\u6307\u5b9a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u5de6\u503c\u3002</p> <ul> <li><code>entity</code> \u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff0c\u662f\u5de6\u503c</li> <li><code>*pt</code> \u662f\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5de6\u503c</li> <li><code>2 * entity</code> \u4e0d\u662f\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u5de6\u503c</li> <li><code>*(pt + 2)</code> \u662f\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5de6\u503c</li> </ul> <p>\u5982\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5de6\u503c\u6539\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u79f0\u4e3a\u53ef\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u5de6\u503c\u3002</p> <pre><code>const char * pc = \"xxxx\";\n</code></pre> <ul> <li><code>pc</code> \u662f\u53ef\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u5de6\u503c</li> <li><code>*pc</code> \u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u5de6\u503c</li> </ul>","tags":["doing"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-type-and-memory-management/#_8","title":"\u5b58\u50a8\u671f\u3001\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u548c\u94fe\u63a5","text":"<p>Note</p> <p>\u5b58\u50a8\u671f\u63cf\u8ff0\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002</p> <p>\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u548c\u94fe\u63a5\u63cf\u8ff0\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u54ea\u4e9b\u90e8\u5206\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u3002</p>","tags":["doing"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-type-and-memory-management/#_9","title":"\u4f5c\u7528\u57df","text":"<p>C \u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u5757\u4f5c\u7528\u57df</li> </ul> <p>\u5927\u591a\u6570\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u4ece\u5b9a\u4e49\u5904\u5230\u5757\u672b\u5c3e\u3002</p> <p>\u51fd\u6570\u5f62\u53c2\uff08\u5373\u4f7f\u5b83\u5728\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7\u5916\u90e8\uff09\u3002</p> Note <p>\u5728 C99 \u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5757\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u5757\u7684\u5f00\u5934\u58f0\u660e\u3002</p> <p>\u4e5f\u662f\u5728 C99\uff0c\u5757\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u88ab\u653e\u5bbd\uff1a\u63a7\u5236\u8bed\u53e5\uff08\u6761\u4ef6\u3001\u5faa\u73af\uff09\u4e5f\u662f\u5757\uff08\u5373\u4f7f\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7\uff09\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a</p> <pre><code>for(int i = 0;;)\nfunction();\n</code></pre> <p><code>i</code> \u5177\u6709\u5757\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\uff0c\u662f\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002</p> <p>\u66f4\u7cbe\u7ec6\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a\u5faa\u73af\u4f53\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u5b50\u5757\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u60f3\u5b83\uff1a</p> <pre><code>{\nfor(int i;;)\n{\nint i;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u540c\u540d\u53d8\u91cf <code>i</code> \u4e0d\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5757\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u662f\u91cd\u590d\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002</p> <p>Tip</p> <p>\u540c\u540d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5185\u90e8\u8986\u76d6\u5916\u90e8\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u51fd\u6570\u4f5c\u7528\u57df</li> </ul> <p><code>goto</code> \u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u6807\u7b7e\u5728\u5185\u5c42\u7684\u5757\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u4e5f\u5ef6\u4f38\u81f3\u6574\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b\u4f5c\u7528\u57df</li> </ul> <p>\u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u3002\u4ece\u5b9a\u4e49\u5904\u5230\u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b\u7ed3\u675f\u3002</p> <p>\u53ea\u5728\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528 VLA \u65f6\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u4e00\u987a\u5e8f\uff1a</p> <pre><code>void use_VLA(int n, int m, ar[n][m]);\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>\u6587\u4ef6\u4f5c\u7528\u57df</li> </ul> <p>\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u51fd\u6570\u5916\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u4ece\u5b9a\u4e49\u5904\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u3002</p> <p>\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u79f0\u4e3a\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u3002</p> <p>\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5355\u5143</p> <p>\u4f60\u6240\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u6765\u8bf4\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a\u9884\u5904\u7406\u65f6\uff0c\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u88ab\u63d2\u5165\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u770b\u5230\u7684\u662f\u5355\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002</p> <p>\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5355\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5355\u5143\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5355\u5143\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5b83 include \u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002</p> <p>\u521a\u624d\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5355\u5143\u53ef\u89c1\u3002</p>","tags":["doing"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-type-and-memory-management/#_10","title":"\u94fe\u63a5","text":"<ul> <li>\u5916\u90e8\u94fe\u63a5</li> </ul> <p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u591a\u6587\u4ef6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5730\u65b9\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5185\u90e8\u94fe\u63a5</li> </ul> <p>\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5355\u5143\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u7531 <code>static</code> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u8bf4\u660e\u3002</p> \u7528\u8bed <p>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u5168\u5c40\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u6216\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u6307\u4ee3\u5916\u90e8\u94fe\u63a5\uff0c\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u6307\u4ee3\u5185\u90e8\u94fe\u63a5\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u65e0\u94fe\u63a5</li> </ul> <p>\u5757\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u3002</p>","tags":["doing"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-type-and-memory-management/#_11","title":"\u5b58\u50a8\u671f","text":"<ul> <li>\u9759\u6001\u5b58\u50a8\u671f</li> </ul> <p>\u6574\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u671f\u95f4\u3002\u6587\u4ef6\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002</p> <p>\u5757\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4e5f\u80fd\u5177\u6709\u9759\u6001\u5b58\u50a8\u671f\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 <code>static</code> \u9650\u5b9a\u7b26\u58f0\u660e\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b58\u50a8\u671f</li> </ul> <p>\u4ece\u58f0\u660e\u5904\u5230\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u7684\u58f0\u660e\u4f7f\u7528 <code>_Thread_local</code> \u9650\u5b9a\u7b26\u8bf4\u660e\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u79c1\u6709\u62f7\u8d1d\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u81ea\u52a8\u5b58\u50a8\u671f</li> </ul> <p>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fdb\u5165\u5757\u65f6\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u79bb\u5f00\u5757\u65f6\u91ca\u653e\u3002\u5757\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002</p> <p>VLA \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5916\uff0c\u5b83\u4ece\u5b9a\u4e49\u5904\u5230\u5757\u672b\u5c3e\u5b58\u5728\u3002\uff08\u6bd5\u7adf\u5230\u5b9a\u4e49\u5904\u624d\u80fd\u77e5\u9053\u5176\u5927\u5c0f\uff09\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d\u5b58\u50a8\u671f</li> </ul>","tags":["doing"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-type-and-memory-management/#_12","title":"\u603b\u7ed3","text":"<p>\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u5e76\u53d1\u7f16\u7a0b\uff0cC \u8bed\u8a00\u6709\u4e94\u79cd\u5b58\u50a8\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u8bf7\u63cf\u8ff0\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u671f\u3001\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u3001\u94fe\u63a5\u548c\u5b9a\u4e49\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u81ea\u52a8</li> <li>\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668</li> </ul> <p>\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u53d8\u91cf\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u6700\u5feb\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u80fd\u53d6\u5f97\u5b83\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u9762\u4e0e\u81ea\u52a8\u53d8\u91cf\u76f8\u540c\u3002</p> <p>\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u58f0\u660e\u4e3a\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u7c7b\u578b\u53ef\u80fd\u53d7\u5230\u9650\u5236\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u5904\u7406\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bd4 <code>double</code> \u957f\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0d\u80fd\u58f0\u660e\u4e3a\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u53d8\u91cf\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u9759\u6001\u5916\u90e8\u94fe\u63a5</li> </ul> <p><code>extern</code> \u58f0\u660e\u5e38\u5e38\u662f\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u8bf4\u660e\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002</p> <p>\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u5728\u5757\u4e2d\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u540c\u540d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6\u9759\u6001\u5916\u90e8\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u5982\u679c\u51fa\u73b0\u8fd9\u79cd\u91cd\u540d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528 <code>auto</code> \u6ce8\u660e\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u9759\u6001\u5185\u90e8\u94fe\u63a5</li> <li>\u9759\u6001\u65e0\u94fe\u63a5</li> </ul> <p>\u4ec5\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65f6\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u82e5\u672a\u6307\u5b9a\u503c\uff0c\u5219\u4e3a <code>0</code>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7528\u8c03\u8bd5\u5668\u8c03\u8bd5\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u597d\u50cf\u201c\u8df3\u8fc7\u201d\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u3002</p> Note","tags":["doing"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-type-and-memory-management/#-auto-c","title":"- \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>auto</code> \u663e\u5f0f\u8bf4\u660e\u81ea\u52a8\u5b58\u50a8\u671f\u3002\u4f46\u5728 C++ \u4e2d\u5b83\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u9650\u5b9a\u7b26\u3002","text":"","tags":["doing"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/","title":"C \u5927\u7a0b\u5386\u5e74\u5377\u7b80\u5355\u6574\u7406","text":"<p>\u611f\u8c22\u548c\u6211\u4e00\u8d77\u505a\u5386\u5e74\u5377\u5206\u6790\u548c\u6574\u7406\u7684 uu \u4eec\uff1a</p> <p>Anston Sun\u300145gfg9\u3001sanaka\u3001TH \u8ba0 NK\u3001cxy</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#_1","title":"\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898","text":""},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#_2","title":"\u600e\u4e48\u8bfb\u58f0\u660e\uff1f","text":"<ul> <li>\u8be6\u89c1\uff1aReading C type declarations (unixwiz.net)</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#_3","title":"\u51fd\u6570\u4e0e\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488","text":"<p>Author\uff1a45gfg9\u3001Anston Sun</p> <p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u60f9\u4eba\u559c\u7231\u7684\u5c0f\u5bb6\u4f19\u3002</p> <pre><code>int function(int arg)\n{\nreturn 2 * arg;\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u4e00\u822c\u901a\u8fc7\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7c7b\u578b\u662f <code>int (int)</code>\u3002</p> <pre><code>int (*func_ptr)(int);\n</code></pre> <p>\u829d\u58eb\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u829d\u58eb\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u7c7b\u578b\u662f <code>int (*)(int)</code>\u3002</p> <p>\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c0f\u5bb6\u4f19\u80fd\u5e72\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f</p> <pre><code>func_ptr = &amp;function;\nfunc_ptr = function;\n</code></pre> <p>\u524d\u8005\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u6307\u9488\u3002\u6ca1\u9519\uff0c\u5e73\u5e73\u65e0\u5947\u7684\u53d6\u5730\u5740\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6d12\u6d12\u6c34\u5566\u3002 \u540e\u8005\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u6307\u9488\u7684\u503c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u67d0\u5757\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u5947\u6280\u6deb\u5de7\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5c06\u6240\u6307\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u503c\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u6307\u9488\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5c06\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u4ee3\u5668 <code>function</code> \u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488 <code>func_ptr</code>\uff0c\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u4ea7\u751f\u4efb\u4f55\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <p>\u574f\u4e86\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u64ad\u653e\u5988\u5988\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u8981\u6253\u9ad8\u7aef\u5c40\u4e86\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4f60\u5148\u522b\u6025\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u4e0d\u77e5\u6240\u4e91\u7684\u8d4b\u503c\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u4e0e\u524d\u8005\u5b8c\u5168\u7b49\u6548\u3002C \u6807\u51c6\u662f\u4ec1\u6148\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u5fcd\u5fc3\u770b\u5230\u88ab\u51fd\u6570\u7ed5\u6655\u7684\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u9762\u5bf9\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u89e3\u5f15\u7528\u4e0d\u77e5\u6240\u63aa\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e86\u51fd\u6570\u5230\u6307\u9488\u7684\u9690\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362\u3002</p> <p>\u8fd9\u91cc <code>function</code> \u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e00\u6b21\u9690\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362\u53d8\u6210 <code>&amp;function</code>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u8f6c\u6362\u5e76\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u503c\uff0c\u800c\u7c7b\u578b\u4ece <code>int (int)</code> \u53d8\u6210 <code>int (*)(int)</code> \u4e86\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u884c\u5c31\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u3002</p> <p>\u73b0\u5728\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u5bf9\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u5c31\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u4e00\u770b\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u628a\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b66\u5230\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u8fd0\u7528\u5230\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u5427\u3002</p> <p>\u8bf7\u89e3\u91ca\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a</p> <pre><code>// \u8bd5\u8bd5\u770b\uff01\n(*(void(*)())0)();\n</code></pre> <p>\u597d\u5427\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6216\u8bb8\u5bf9\u4f60\u6765\u8bf4\u4e3a\u65f6\u5c1a\u65e9\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6362\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u70b9\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002</p> <pre><code>function(20);\n(function)(20);\n(*&amp;function)(20);\n(&amp;function)(20);\n(*function)(20);\n(***********function)(20); // \u4e0d\u7528\u6570\u4e86\uff0c11 \u4e2a\n</code></pre> <p>\u5148\u4e0d\u7ba1\u7b2c\u516d\u4e2a\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u770b\u524d\u4e94\u4e2a\u3002</p> <p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u719f\u6089\u4e86\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u755c\u65e0\u5bb3\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u3002</p> <p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u770b\u7740\u548c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u2026\u2026\u6ca1\u9519\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u6837\u3002</p> <p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5462\uff1f\u6ca1\u9519\uff0c\u53d6\u5730\u5740\u518d\u89e3\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u51fa\u9898\u6ca1\u6709\u7528\u3002\u8fde\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u90fd\u4f1a\u6beb\u4e0d\u72b9\u8c6b\u5730\u4f18\u5316\u6389\u3002</p> <p>\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u5f00\u59cb\u5947\u602a\u4e86\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u7f3a\u5931\u7684\u89e3\u5f15\u7528\u5e76\u975e\u7c97\u5fc3\u5927\u610f\uff0c\u5b83\u8c61\u5f81\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u73a9\u8f6c\u6307\u9488\u7684\u81ea\u4fe1\u4e0e\u60ec\u610f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u634d\u536b\u6307\u9488\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u51b3\u5fc3\u3002\u9274\u4e8e C \u6807\u51c6\u5141\u8bb8\u901a\u8fc7\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5bf9\u6b64\u4e5f\u6ca1\u4ec0\u4e48\u610f\u89c1\u3002</p> <p>\u7b2c\u4e94\u4e2a\u6362\u4e86\u79cd\u6298\u78e8\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u806a\u660e\u5982\u4f60\u65e9\u5df2\u6599\u5230\u6700\u540e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u5f15\u8a00\u5b9a\u771f\uff0c\u9274\u5b9a\u4e3a\u9690\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362\u60ef\u7684\u3002\u56de\u5fc6\u4e00\u4e0b\u51fd\u6570\u5230\u6307\u9488\u7684\u9690\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c<code>*function</code> \u7b49\u6548\u4e8e <code>*&amp;function</code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0b\u770b\u61c2\u4e86\u3002</p> <p>\u73b0\u5728\u7b2c\u516d\u4e2a\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u4e5f\u80fd\u7406\u89e3\u4e86\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5bf9 <code>function</code> \u89e3\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u8feb\u4f7f\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5c06\u5b83\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u4f60\u5bf9\u4ee3\u7801\u98ce\u683c\u7684\u5947\u602a\u7656\u597d\u3002</p> <p>\u8fd8\u662f\u770b\u770b\u8fdc\u5904\u7684 <code>func_ptr</code> \u5427\u5bb6\u4eba\u4eec\u3002</p> <pre><code>(*func_ptr)(20);\nfunc_ptr(20);\n(****func_ptr)(20);\n(&amp;func_ptr)(20);\n</code></pre> <p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u61c2\u7684\u6307\u9488\u89e3\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u3002</p> <p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\uff0c\u4eba\u755c\u65e0\u5bb3\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u3002</p> <p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u5230\u6307\u9488\u7684\u9690\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u6574\u6574\u4e09\u56de\u554a\u4e09\u56de\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u7b2c\u516d\u4e2a\u3002</p> <p>\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u8ddf\u4f60\u7206\u4e86\u3002\u600e\u4e48\u4f1a\u662f\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u59a8\u62c6\u5f00\u770b\u770b\uff1a</p> <pre><code>int (*func_ptr)(int) = &amp;function;    // \u8fd9\u662f\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\nint (**second_ptr)(int) = &amp;func_ptr; // \u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u505a\u7684\nsecond_ptr(20);                      // \u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8fd9\u6837\n</code></pre> <p>\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c<code>second_ptr</code> \u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u4e2a\u4e8c\u7ea7\u6307\u9488\u4e86\u3002\u51fd\u6570\u5230\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\uff08\u5b83\u662f\u4e2a\u4e00\u7ea7\u6307\u9488\uff09\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5730\u5740\u503c\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u6240\u5728\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u4e8c\u7ea7\u6307\u9488\u7684\u503c\u4e0d\u662f <code>function</code> \u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u800c\u662f <code>func_ptr</code> \u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002\u8fd9\u8fd8\u5f97\u4e86\uff0c\u9a97\u81ea\u5df1\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u9a97\u5144\u5f1f\u4e5f\u5c31\u7b97\u4e86\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u53ef\u4e0d\u5403\u4f60\u8fd9\u5957\u3002</p> <p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u770b\u70b9\u4e0d\u592a\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff1a</p> <pre><code>int func_two(int a, int f(int arg))\n{\nreturn 3 * f(a);\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u8fd9\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u4e00\u4e0b\uff1a</p> <pre><code>// function \u5982\u4e0a\u6587\u5b9a\u4e49\nint function(int arg);\n\nint a = 1;\nint b = func_two(a, function);\n</code></pre> <p>\u76f8\u4fe1\u806a\u660e\u7684\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u731c\u5230\u4e86\uff0c<code>b</code> \u7684\u503c\u5c31\u662f 6\u3002\u6865\u8c46\u9ebb\u888b\uff0c\u597d\u50cf\u6709\u54ea\u91cc\u4e0d\u592a\u5bf9\u52b2\u3002<code>func_two</code> \u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u5206\u522b\u662f <code>int</code> \u548c <code>int (int)</code>\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\u5374\u4f20\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\uff08\u8fd8\u8bb0\u5f97\u9690\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362\u5417\uff1f\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u4ea7\u751f\u4efb\u4f55\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u53c8\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1f</p> <p>\u53c8\u662f\u9690\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362\uff1fBingo\uff01\u4e0d\u8fc7\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u53d1\u751f\u9690\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<code>func_two</code> \u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5f62\u53c2\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f <code>int (*)(int)</code> \uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5b57\u9762\u4e0a\u7684 <code>int (int)</code>\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u548c <code>void f(int a[])</code> \u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f <code>void f(int *a)</code> \u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u8282\u7ea6\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8003\u8651\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u773c\u4e2d\u7684 <code>func_two</code> \u662f <code>int func_two(int a, int (*f)(int)</code>\u3002\u641e\u6e05\u695a\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u90e8\u5206\u4e5f\u5c31\u987a\u7406\u6210\u7ae0\u4e86\u3002</p> <p>\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7ec3\u4e60\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u5df2\u7ecf\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u4ece\u51fd\u6570\u5230\u6307\u9488\u7684\u9690\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362\u89c4\u5b9a\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u4e0a\u8ff0\u60c5\u666f\u5e76\u975e\u96be\u4e8b\u3002\u5bf9\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u7684\u754f\u60e7\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u719f\u6089\u8f6c\u6362\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u6216\u53d7\u590d\u6742\u7684\u58f0\u660e\u8bed\u6cd5\u5e72\u6270\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u8bc6\u522b\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u719f\u7ec3\u5ea6\uff0c\u8db3\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4f60\u81ea\u4fe1\u8fd0\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#_4","title":"\u51fd\u6570\u5230\u6307\u9488\u8f6c\u6362","text":"<p>\u4efb\u4f55\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u4ee3\u5668\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u5728\u7528\u4e8e\u5f02\u4e8e\u4e0b\u5217\u8bed\u5883\u65f6</p> <ul> <li>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53d6\u5740\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570</li> <li>\u4f5c\u4e3a <code>sizeof</code> \u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570</li> </ul> <p>\u4f1a\u7ecf\u5386\u5230\u6307\u5411\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6240\u6307\u4ee3\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6307\u9488\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#_5","title":"\u56fe\u5f62\u5e93","text":"<p>\u7b80\u8981\u6574\u7406\u4e00\u4e0b <code>libgraphics</code> \u7528\u6cd5\uff1a</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#_6","title":"\u5fc5\u5907\u51fd\u6570","text":"<p>\u56fe\u5f62\u4e0e\u6587\u5b57</p> <p>\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u4e00\u70b9\u662f\uff1a<code>libgraphics</code> \u7684\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e <code>ACLLib</code> \u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u524d\u8005\u4ee5\u5de6\u4e0b\u89d2\u4e3a\u539f\u70b9\uff0c\u7b26\u5408\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u8868\u8fbe\uff1b\u540e\u8005\u4ee5\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u4e3a\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7a97\u53e3\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002</p> <p></p> <ul> <li><code>void InitGraphics(void)</code>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u56fe\u5f62\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u524d\u8c03\u7528</li> <li><code>void MovePen(double x, double y)</code>\uff1a\u5c06\u7b14\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u67d0\u70b9\uff08\u6ce8\u610f\u4e0d\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u79fb\u52a8\uff09</li> <li><code>void DrawLine(double dx, double dy)</code>\uff1a\u4ece\u5f53\u524d\u70b9 \\((x,y)\\) \u753b\u5230 \\((x+dx, y+dy)\\) \u7684\u7ebf\uff0c\u753b\u7b14\u968f\u4e4b\u79fb\u52a8</li> <li><code>void DrawArc(double r, double start, double sweep)</code>\uff1a\u4ee5\u5f53\u524d\u70b9\u4e3a\u5706\u5fc3\uff0c\u4ece \\(\\phi=start\\) \u89d2\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u753b\u534a\u5f84\u4e3a \\(r\\)\uff0c\u5706\u5fc3\u89d2\u4e3a \\(\\Delta\\phi=sweep\\) \u7684\u5706\u5f27\u3002</li> <li><code>double GetWindowWidth(void)</code>\uff1a\u83b7\u53d6\u7a97\u53e3\u5bbd\u5ea6</li> <li><code>double GetWindowHeight(void)</code></li> <li><code>double GetCurrentX(void)</code>\uff1a\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u753b\u7b14\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e</li> <li><code>double GetCurrentY(void)</code></li> <li><code>void DrawTextString(string text)</code>\uff1a\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6253\u5370\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32</li> <li><code>double TextStringWidth(string text)</code>\uff1a\u83b7\u53d6\u8be5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6253\u5370\u65f6\u7684\u5bbd\u5ea6</li> </ul> <p>\u5173\u4e8e <code>SetEraseMode()</code> \u548c <code>GetEraseMode()</code> \u6211\u76f4\u63a5\u628a\u6ce8\u91ca\u8d34\u5728\u8fd9\u4e86\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8bfb\u5427\uff1a</p> <pre><code>/*\n * Function: SetEraseMode\n * Usage: SetEraseMode(TRUE);\n *        SetEraseMode(FALSE);\n * ---------------------------\n * The SetEraseMode function sets the value of the internal\n * erasing flag.  Setting this flag is similar to setting the\n * color to \"White\" in its effect but does not affect the\n * current color setting.  When erase mode is set to FALSE,\n * normal drawing is restored, using the current color.\n */\n\nvoid SetEraseMode(bool mode);\n\n/*\n * Function: GetEraseMode\n * Usage: mode = GetEraseMode();\n * -----------------------------\n * This function returns the current state of the erase mode flag.\n */\n\nbool GetEraseMode(void);\n</code></pre> <p>\u8fd8\u662f\u9644\u4e2a\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5427\uff1aSetEraseMode \u51fd\u6570\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5185\u90e8\u64e6\u9664\u6807\u5fd7\u7684\u503c\u3002\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u7684\u6548\u679c\u5c31\u50cf\u628a\u989c\u8272\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u201c\u767d\u8272\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u989c\u8272\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u5f53\u64e6\u9664\u6a21\u5f0f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3aFALSE\u65f6\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u7ed8\u753b\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u989c\u8272\u3002</p> <p>\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u4ea4\u4e92\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u5728 <code>simpio.h</code> \u4e2d</p> <ul> <li> <p><code>void InitConsole(void)</code>\uff1a\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\uff0c\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 <code>stdio.h</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u51fd\u6570\u524d\u8bb0\u5f97\u5199\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p><code>int GetInteger(void)</code>\uff1a\u4ece\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u4e2d\u8bfb\u5165\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9047\u5230\u610f\u5916\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4f1a\u8981\u6c42\u7528\u6237\u91cd\u65b0\u8f93\u5165\u3002\u6e90\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a</p> <pre><code>int GetInteger(void)\n{\nstring line;\nint value;\nchar termch;\n\nwhile (TRUE) {\nline = GetLine();\nif (line == NULL) Error(\"GetInteger: unexpected end of file\");\nswitch (sscanf(line, \" %d %c\", &amp;value, &amp;termch)) {\ncase 1:\nFreeBlock(line);\nreturn (value);\ncase 2:\nprintf(\"Unexpected character: '%c'\\n\", termch);\nbreak;\ndefault:\nprintf(\"Please enter an integer\\n\");\nbreak;\n}\nFreeBlock(line);\nprintf(\"Retry: \");\n}\n}\n</code></pre> </li> <li> <p><code>double GetReal(void)</code>\uff1a\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u6570\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u540c\u4e0a\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p><code>string GetLine(void)</code></p> </li> <li> <p><code>string ReadLine(FILE *infile)</code>\uff1a\u4ece\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bfb\u5165\u4e00\u884c\u3002</p> </li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#_7","title":"\u5b9a\u65f6\u542f\u52a8\u2014\u2014\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u56de\u8c03","text":"<p>Author: Anston Sun</p> <p>\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u7528\u4e8e\u5ef6\u65f6\u6216\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u540c\u7c7b\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u949f\u8868\u7b49\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u8ba1\u65f6\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e8e\u65e5\u7a0b\u5b89\u6392\u3002\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a\u6bcf\u7ecf\u8fc7\u9884\u5148\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u957f\uff0c\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u4fbf\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u67d0\u79cd\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u3002</p> <p><code>libgraphics</code> \u5e93\u901a\u8fc7\u4e8b\u4ef6\u56de\u8c03\u673a\u5236\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b9a\u65f6\u89e6\u53d1\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u56de\u8c03\u673a\u5236\u6b64\u5904\u4e0d\u518d\u8d58\u8ff0\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#_8","title":"\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668","text":"<p>\u4e0e\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>void startTimer(int timerID, int interval)</code></li> <li><code>void cancelTimer(int timerID)</code></li> </ul> <p>\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5206\u522b\u7528\u4e8e\u542f\u52a8\u4e0e\u7ec8\u6b62\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u3002<code>interval</code> \u662f\u9884\u5148\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u957f\uff0c\u5373\u6bcf\u4e24\u6b21\u89e6\u53d1\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u3002<code>timerID</code> \u4e3a\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff0c\u53ef\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u7684\u4e13\u7528\u540d\u79f0\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b8c\u6210\u591a\u9879\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u9700\u8981\u5206\u522b\u542f\u52a8\u591a\u4e2a\u95f4\u9694\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u5747\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1 <code>TimerEvent</code>\uff0c\u5728\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 <code>timerID</code> \u533a\u5206\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#_9","title":"\u56de\u8c03\u6ce8\u518c\u51fd\u6570","text":"<ul> <li><code>void registerTimerEvent(TimerEventCallback)</code>\uff1a\u6ce8\u518c\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002 <code>TimerEventCallback</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u89c1\u4e0b\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#_10","title":"\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570","text":"<ul> <li><code>typedef void (*TimerEventCallback)(int timerID)</code></li> </ul> <p><code>TimerEventCallback</code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u8be5\u7c7b\u578b\u53d8\u91cf\u6307\u5411\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u5047\u8bbe\u540d\u79f0\u4e3a <code>func</code>\uff09\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a <code>void func(int timerID)</code>\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u56de\u8c03\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u6bcf\u5f53\u4efb\u4e00\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u5230\u8fbe\u8bbe\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u65f6\uff0c\u5747\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u7c7b\u578b\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u8c03\u7528 <code>func</code> \u51fd\u6570\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f20\u5165\u7684 <code>timerID</code>\uff0c\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u53ef\u4ee5\u533a\u5206\u4e0d\u540c\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u7684\u89e6\u53d1\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u7279\u5b9a\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#_11","title":"\u8865\u5145\u601d\u8003","text":"<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5747\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e8e\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5ef6\u65f6\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u9884\u5148\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u957f\u540e\u6267\u884c\u7279\u5b9a\u6b21\u6570\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u7ed3\u5408 <code>cancelTimer</code> \u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u60f3\u60f3\u600e\u6837\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u76ee\u6807\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#_12","title":"\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570","text":"<pre><code>typedef void (*KeyboardEventCallback) (int key,int event);\ntypedef void (*CharEventCallback) (char c);\ntypedef void (*MouseEventCallback) (int x, int y, int button, int event);\ntypedef void (*TimerEventCallback) (int timerID);\n\nvoid registerKeyboardEvent(KeyboardEventCallback callback);\nvoid registerCharEvent(CharEventCallback callback);\nvoid registerMouseEvent(MouseEventCallback callback);\nvoid registerTimerEvent(TimerEventCallback callback);\nvoid startTimer(int id,int timeinterval);\n</code></pre> <p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u5728 <code>graphics</code> \u5e93\u4e2d\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f5c\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\uff0c\u8bfe\u4e0a\u90fd\u8bb2\u8fc7\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u600e\u4e48\u7528\u3002</p> <ul> <li> <p>\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\uff1a\u4ee5 20 \u5e74\u7a0b\u5e8f\u586b\u7a7a\u7b2c 3 \u9898\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff1a</p> <pre><code>void Main()\n{\nInitGraphics();\nregisterTimerEvent(TimerEventProcess);\n//...\nstartTimer(TIMER_CURSOR, 500);/*start 500ms cursor blinking timer*/\n}\nvoid TimerEventProcess(int timerID)\n{\nbool erasemode;\nif(TIMER_CURSOR == timerID)\n{\n//...\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u4ece\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4f8b\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u5230\u51e0\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u70b9\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>void registerTimerEvent(TimerEventCallback callback)</code> \u6ce8\u518c\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570 <code>callback</code> \u540e\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u7528 <code>void startTimer(int id,int timeinterval)</code> \u8bbe\u5b9a\u5e76\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\uff0c\u8bbe\u5b9a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u7684 <code>id</code> \u548c <code>timeinterval</code>\u3002</li> <li>\u6bcf\u5f53\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u5230\u8fbe\u6307\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u540e\uff0c\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u5c31\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528\u6240\u6709\u7684\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u63a5\u6536\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u7684 <code>id</code> \u5e76\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f <code>TimerEventProcess</code> \u51fd\u6570\u4e2d <code>if</code> \u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#_13","title":"\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5","text":"<ul> <li>\u4e3b\u51fd\u6570\u662f <code>void Main()</code> \u522b\u5199\u9519\u4e86</li> <li>\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4f8b\u7a0b\uff1a</li> </ul> <pre><code>#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;\n#include \"graphics.h\"\n\nvoid Main(void)\n{\nInitGraphics();\nMovePen(1.5, 1.0);\nDrawArc(0.5, 0, 360);\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#new","title":"<code>New()</code> \u51fd\u6570","text":"<p>\u5411\u4e0b\u7ffb\uff0c\u627e\u5230 2019 \u5e74\u7a0b\u5e8f\u586b\u7a7a\u7b2c 3 \u9898\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#_14","title":"\u7b97\u6cd5\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790","text":"<ul> <li> <p>\u8bb0\u4f4f\uff1a\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e0e\u4e24\u9879\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u6709\u5173\uff1a\u6bd4\u8f83\u548c\u4ea4\u6362\u3002</p> <ul> <li> <p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u60f3\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\uff0c\u5728\u6240\u6709\u6d89\u53ca\u6bd4\u8f83\u548c\u4ea4\u6362\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u8ba9\u5b83 <code>++</code>\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u5b8c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u5176\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a</p> <pre><code>int count = 0;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; ++i) {\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; n; ++j) {\nfor (int k = 0; k &lt; m; ++k) {\ncount++;\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u8fd0\u884c\u5b8c\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c<code>count = n*n*m</code>\uff0c\u5219\u5176\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n^2m)\\)\u3002</p> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u8bb0\u4f4f\u5e76\u7406\u89e3\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3001\u6700\u4f18\u3001\u6700\u5dee\u60c5\u51b5\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a</p> <p>\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u5e38\u7528\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u603b\u7ed3\u5bf9\u6bd4 | \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5 \u7cfb\u5217\u6559\u7a0b\uff08\u7b14\u8bb0\uff09 (zq99299.github.io)</p> </li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#_15","title":"\u540e\u7f00\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f","text":"<p>\u8fd9\u4e1c\u897f\u524d\u4e24\u4e09\u5e74\u90fd\u8003\u4e86\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6811\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u5185\u5bb9\u8bf7\u53c2\u89c1\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6c42\u503c - OI Wiki (oi-wiki.org)</li> <li>\u6811\u57fa\u7840 - OI Wiki (oi-wiki.org)</li> </ul> <p>\u5728\u524d\u7f00\u3001\u4e2d\u7f00\u3001\u540e\u7f00\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u6700\u597d\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5c06\u5176\u60f3\u8c61\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6811\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</p> <p></p> <ul> <li>\u4e2d\u7f00\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a\u5bf9\u8fd9\u68f5\u6811\u8fdb\u884c\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u5373\u5de6\u3001\u6839\u3001\u53f3<ul> <li>a+b*(c-d)-(e/f)</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u524d\u7f00\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a\u5bf9\u8fd9\u68f5\u6811\u8fdb\u884c\u5148\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u5373\u6839\u3001\u5de6\u3001\u53f3<ul> <li>-+a*b-cd/ef</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u540e\u7f00\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a\u5bf9\u8fd9\u68f5\u6811\u8fdb\u884c\u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u5373\u5de6\u3001\u53f3\u3001\u6839\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u5de6\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u6bd4\u6839\u5148\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u8def\u5f80\u4e0b\u627e\u5230\u6700\u6df1\u7684\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5411\u4e0a\u89e3\u6790\u3002<ul> <li>abcd-*+ef/-</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\u540e\u7f00\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5177\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u8ba1\u7b97\u540e\u7f00\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u6808\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff0c\u5c31\u53d6\u51fa\u4e24\u4e2a\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd0\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c\u91cd\u65b0\u538b\u5165\u6808\u4e2d\u3002</li> <li>\u540e\u7f00\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e0e\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6811\u4e00\u4e00\u5bf9\u5e94\u3002\u540e\u7f00\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u62ec\u53f7\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#2020-2021","title":"2020-2021 \u5e74\u5377","text":"<ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 1 <code>typedef</code></li> </ul> <p>\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 <code>typedef struct{char * name;} *T;</code> \u628a <code>T</code> \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a <code>struct{char * name;}*;</code> \u7684\u522b\u540d\u3002\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bed\u53e5\u5373\u58f0\u660e\u53d8\u91cf <code>t</code> \u4e3a\u8be5\u7c7b\u578b\u3002</p> <ul> <li>A\uff1a<code>char *</code></li> <li>B\uff1a\u8be5\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5b9e\u9645\u4e3a <code>&amp;(t-&gt;name[0])</code>\uff0c\u5373 <code>char *</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u3002</li> <li>C\uff1a<code>char *</code></li> <li>D\uff1a<code>*(t.name)</code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u5bf9\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u6307\u9488\u4f7f\u7528 <code>.</code> \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u8bbf\u95ee\u5176\u6210\u5458\u3002</li> </ul> <ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 3 \u6307\u9488\u7c7b\u578b</li> </ul> <p>\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u3001\u6570\u7ec4\u540d\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u6307\u9488\u54e6\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5b83\u4eec\u5e38\u5e38\u9000\u5316\u6210\u6307\u9488\u3002</p> <ul> <li>A\uff1a<code>p</code> \u662f\u51fd\u6570\u540d</li> <li>B\uff1a<code>p</code> \u662f\u51fd\u6570\u540d</li> <li>C\uff1a<code>p</code> \u662f\u6307\u5411 <code>int[5]</code> \u7684\u6307\u9488</li> <li>D\uff1a<code>p</code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4</li> </ul> <ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 4 \u5b58\u50a8\u7c7b\u522b\u9650\u5b9a\u7b26</li> </ul> <p>C \u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u4e00\u5171\u6709 5 \u4e2a\u5b58\u50a8\u7c7b\u522b\u9650\u5b9a\u7b26\uff0c\u8bf7\u56de\u5fc6\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>auto</code>\uff1a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u7c7b\u522b\u9650\u5b9a\u7b26\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u4e0e\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u3002</li> <li><code>register</code>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u50a8\u5728 CPU \u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u52a0\u5feb\u8bbf\u95ee\u901f\u5ea6\u3002</li> <li><code>extern</code>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002</li> <li> <p><code>static</code>\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u7528\u4e8e\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u4e0e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u76f8\u540c\u3002</li> <li>\u7528\u4e8e\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p><code>_Thread_local</code>\uff1a\u4e0d\u4f5c\u8981\u6c42\u3002</p> </li> </ul> <p>\u5176\u5b9e <code>typedef</code> \u6309\u8bed\u6cd5\u529f\u80fd\u4e5f\u88ab\u5206\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5b83\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u58f0\u660e\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\u6700\u591a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b58\u50a8\u7c7b\u522b\u9650\u5b9a\u7b26\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0e <code>const</code>\u3001<code>volatile</code>\u3001<code>restrict</code> \u7b49\u7c7b\u578b\u9650\u5b9a\u7b26\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 5 \u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488</li> </ul> <p>\u89c1 2019 \u5e74\u9009\u62e9\u9898 6</p> <ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 8 \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u4f7f\u7528</li> </ul> <p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u9898\u901a\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e00\u904d\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u5bf9\u6808\u3001\u961f\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c\u719f\u6089\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u8bd5\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 1.1 \u540e\u7f00\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f</li> </ul> <p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u548c\u53c2\u8003\u7b54\u6848\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6709\u5bf9\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u4e2d\u7f00\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u4e8c\u5143\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6362\u5e8f\u7684\uff08</p> <p>\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u9053\u9898\u4e2d\u7684 <code>^</code> \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u7684\u53f3\u7ed3\u5408\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u62ec\u53f7\u540e\u53d8\u6210 <code>d^(e^f)</code> \u800c\u4e0d\u662f <code>(d^e)^f</code>\uff0c\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u540e\u7f00\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u53ea\u80fd\u662f <code>def^^</code>\uff0c\u800c <code>fed^^</code> \u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u5168\u662f\u9519\u7684\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 5 \u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u6700\u4f18\u60c5\u51b5</li> </ul> <p>\u89c1\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898-\u7b97\u6cd5\u590d\u6742\u5ea6</p> <p>\u5f15\u7528\u4e00\u4e0b ztgg \u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u5e73\u5747\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u4f9d\u65e7\u662f \\(O(n)\\) \u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u603b\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u8fd8\u662f \\(O(n^2)\\)\u3002\uff08\u6279\u6ce8\uff1a\u4ea4\u6362\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\)\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n\\log n)\\)\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u5360\u636e\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\uff09\u3002</li> <li>\u6700\u4f73\u60c5\u51b5\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u79fb\u52a8\u539f\u6765\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u7ecf\u6392\u597d\u5e8f\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u63d2\u5165\u53ea\u6709\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff0c\u5373\u4e3a \\(O(n\\log n)\\)\u3002</li> </ul> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 6 \u961f\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c</li> </ul> <p>\u5982\u679c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a <code>while</code> \u5faa\u73af\u8bfb\u4e0d\u61c2\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u627e\u540c\u5b66/\u8001\u5e08\u95ee\u6e05\u695a\u634f\uff0c\u961f\u5217\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u662f\u5f88\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u3002\u8bf7\u601d\u8003\u8fd9\u4e2a <code>while</code> \u5faa\u73af\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u9010\u4e2a <code>malloc()</code> \u5462\uff1f</p> <p>\u4e2d\u95f4\u90a3\u4e2a <code>while</code> \u5faa\u73af\u6709\u70b9\u8ff7\u60d1\u3002\u5b83\u5176\u5b9e\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u5c06 <code>eQueue</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u653e\u5230 <code>dQueue</code> \u65f6\u540c\u65f6\u628a\u540e\u9762\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u6362\u5230\u961f\u5c3e\u53bb\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u80fd\u505a\u5bf9\u5566\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u586b\u7a7a 3</li> </ul> <p>\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u7a7a\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u82b1\u4e00\u4f1a\u513f\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u63a8\u65ad\u7684\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>InitGraphics()</code> \u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u8bb0\u5f97</li> <li>\u8bb0\u4f4f\u51e0\u79cd\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c<code>void registerTimerEvent(TimerEventCallback callback)</code> \u4e0e <code>void startTimer(int id,int timeinterval)</code> \u914d\u5bf9\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u610f\u4e49\u3002</li> <li>\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u600e\u4e48\u5199\uff1f\u53c2\u6570 <code>timerID</code> \u662f\u7528\u6765\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7684\uff1f</li> <li>\u7b2c 14 \u7a7a\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u60f3\u5230\uff0c\u53cd\u6b63\u8bb0\u4f4f\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u753b\u70b9\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e1c\u897f\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u90fd\u8981\u68c0\u67e5\u753b\u7b14\u4f4d\u7f6e\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u7ed8\u5236\u5206\u5f62\u56fe\u5f62\u65f6\u4e5f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002</li> </ul> <ul> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1 1 \u94fe\u8868\u5faa\u73af\u68c0\u6d4b</li> </ul> <p>\u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e2a\u89e3\u8c1c\u573a\u666f\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u548c\u4f60\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u8d70\u5728\u4e00\u6761\u8def\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u8981\u600e\u4e48\u505a\u624d\u80fd\u5224\u65ad\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u9047\u5230\u9b3c\u6253\u5899\uff08\u5373\u5728\u539f\u8def\u7ed5\u5708\uff09 \uff1f</p> <p>\u7b54\u6848\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u8d70\u5feb\u70b9\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u8d70\u6162\u70b9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u6761\u8def\u6709\u5c3d\u5934\uff0c\u5148\u8d70\u7684\u4eba\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u5148\u5230\u8fbe\u5c3d\u5934\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5230\u8fbe\u5c3d\u5934\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ed6\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u91cd\u65b0\u770b\u89c1\u4f60\u3002</p> <p><code>LoopDetect()</code> \u51fd\u6570\u7684\u601d\u8def\u4e5f\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u9488 <code>fast</code> \u548c <code>late</code>\uff0c<code>fast</code> \u6bcf\u6b21\u6b65\u8fdb\u4e24\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff0c<code>late</code> \u6bcf\u6b21\u6b65\u8fdb\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u6700\u540e\u7ec8\u6b62\u65f6\u53ea\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a<code>fast</code> \u65e0\u6cd5\u7ee7\u7eed\u6b65\u8fdb\u6216 <code>fast</code> \u5728\u524d\u8fdb\u7684\u8def\u4e0a\u770b\u89c1 <code>late</code>\u3002\u524d\u8005\u8868\u660e\u6ca1\u6709\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u8868\u660e\u6709\u5faa\u73af\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1 2 \u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4\u539f\u5730\u53bb\u91cd</li> </ul> <p>\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u9053\u9898\u4f60\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u60f3\u8d77\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u53bb\u7a7a\u683c\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u7a0b\uff1f</p> <pre><code>char *a;\nfor(int i = 0, j = 0; i &lt; length; i++){\nif(a[i] != ' ')\na[j++] = a[i];\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4\u53bb\u91cd\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e5f\u6709\u4e9b\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u6761\u4ef6\u6362\u6210 <code>a[i]!=a[j]</code> \u4e86\u800c\u5df2\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#2019-2020","title":"2019-2020 \u5e74\u5377","text":"<ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 1 \u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570</li> </ul> <ul> <li>D \u9879 \u8c03\u7528\u6808\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5806\u6808\u6bb5\uff08Stack Segment\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u8d8a\u754c\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u8d8a\u754c\u9020\u6210\u6bb5\u9519\u8bef\uff08Segmentation Fault\uff09\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\u6dfb\u52a0\u6808\u5e27\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u7684\u8d8a\u754c\u79f0\u4e3a\u6808\u6ea2\u51fa\uff08Stack Overflow\uff09\u3002\u5806\u6808\u6bb5\u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b58\u7740\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u8fc7\u5927\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u6808\u6ea2\u51fa\u3002</li> </ul> <ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 2 \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790</li> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 6 \u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488</li> </ul> <p>\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u603b\u7ed3\uff1a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u51fd\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f62\u53c2\uff0c\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u9000\u5316\u6210\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u6570\u7ec4\u540d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f62\u53c2\u81ea\u52a8\u9000\u5316\u6210\u6307\u9488\u90a3\u6837\u3002\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u90e8\u5206\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u3002</p> <p>The type of a function is determined using the following rules. [...] After determining the type of each parameter, any parameter of type \u201carray of T\u201d or of function type T is adjusted to be \u201cpointer to T\u201d. [...]</p> <ul> <li>\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\uff1a\u6307\u5411\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6307\u9488\u4e2d\u50a8\u5b58\u7740\u51fd\u6570\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u5904\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u8981\u6307\u660e\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u8981\u6307\u660e\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u5f62\u53c2\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u628a\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u66ff\u6362\u6210 <code>(*pf)</code> \u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982 <code>void ToUpper(char *)</code> \u6539\u4e3a\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488 <code>void (*pf)(char *)</code>\u3002</li> <li> <p>\u58f0\u660e\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5730\u5740\u8d4b\u7ed9\u5b83\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bed\u5883\u4e0b\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\uff1a<code>pf = ToUpper</code>\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u4e0d\u662f <code>pf = ToUpper()</code>\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<code>(*pf)(mis)</code> \u548c <code>pf(mis)</code>\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u77db\u76fe\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0cK&amp;R C \u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u63a8\u8350\u5927\u5bb6\u59cb\u7ec8\u5c06\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5148\u89e3\u5f15\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u518d\u8c03\u7528\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u601d\u8def\u5f88\u76f4\u63a5\u3002</li> <li>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u6765\u6e90\u662f\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8d4b\u503c\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8d4b\u503c\u8bed\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u6307\u9488\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e92\u6362\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u53d6\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5730\u5740\u4e5f\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<code>f</code> \u548c <code>&amp;f</code>\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>C \u9879 \u6216\u8bb8\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8bb2\u89e3\uff0c\u4f60\u80fd\u7406\u89e3 <code>(*cmd)</code> \u4e0e <code>cmd</code> \u7684\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e4b\u5904\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f StackOverflow \u4e2d\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\uff1ac++ - What does <code>void f(void())</code> mean? - Stack Overflow\u3002</p> </li> </ul> <p>As mentioned in dcl.fct of the working draft (emphasis mine):</p> <p>The type of a function is determined using the following rules. [...] After determining the type of each parameter, any parameter of type \u201carray of T\u201d or of function type T is adjusted to be \u201cpointer to T\u201d. [...]</p> <p>Because of that, the following function:</p> <pre><code>void f(void());\n</code></pre> <p>Has the same type of:</p> <pre><code>void f(void(*)());\n</code></pre> <p>Thus the definitions below are identical:</p> <pre><code>void f(void(g)());\nvoid f(void(*g)());\n</code></pre> <p>Correct me if I'm wrong, AFAIK function names are pointers just like array names so in the first example you are passing function object and compiler does implicit conversion, in the second example you are directly passing function pointer which is explicit conversion.</p> <ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 7 \u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488</li> </ul> <p>\u540c\u6837\u4f9d\u636e\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8bb2\u89e3\u80fd\u591f\u9009\u51fa\u6b63\u786e\u7b54\u6848</p> <ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 8 \u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570</li> </ul> <p>\u6211\u89c9\u5f97 D \u9879\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u5f88\u6df7\u4e71\u3002\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\u5982\u679c\u4e3a <code>void</code> \u5c31\u8868\u793a\u51fd\u6570\u4e0d\u63a5\u6536\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f <code>void</code> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u9009\u9879\u4e2d\u8bf4\u7684\u4ec0\u4e48\u201c\u51fd\u6570\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a <code>void</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u201d\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 9 \u56fe\u5f62\u5e93</li> </ul> <p>\u8bf7 WK \u73ed\u540c\u5b66\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u53bb\u770b\u8f85\u5b66\u7fa4\u91cc\u5176\u4ed6\u8001\u5e08\u7684\u56fe\u5f62\u5e93\u8bfe\u4ef6</p> <ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 10 \u8fd8\u662f\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488</li> </ul> <ul> <li>\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\uff1a<code>F</code> \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a <code>int (int)</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002</li> <li>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u884c\uff1a\u58f0\u660e\u4e24\u4e2a\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a <code>F</code> \u7684\u51fd\u6570 <code>g</code> \u548c <code>h</code>\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f <code>int g(int a)</code> \u548c <code>int h(int a)</code>\u3002</li> <li>\u7b2c\u4e09\u884c\uff1a\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4 <code>p</code>\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u662f <code>int (*)(int)</code> \u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u4e0e <code>F</code> \u7b49\u4ef7\uff09\u3002\u5e76\u7528 <code>g</code> \u548c <code>h</code> \u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u3002<ul> <li>\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u5185\u5f80\u5916\u8bfb\u8fd9\u4e2a\u58f0\u660e\uff1a<code>p</code> \u662f\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u5411\u53f3 <code>[]</code> \u8868\u660e\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5411\u5de6 <code>*</code> \u8868\u793a\u5176\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u518d\u5411\u53f3 <code>(int)</code> \u8868\u793a\u5176\u6240\u6307\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u53d7 <code>int</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u518d\u5411\u5de6 <code>int</code> \u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u79cd\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de <code>int</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u3002</li> <li>\u7528 <code>g</code> \u548c <code>h</code> \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u65f6\uff0c<code>g</code> \u548c <code>h</code> \u88ab\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\uff08\u56de\u987e\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\uff09\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u7b2c\u56db\u884c\uff1a\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570 <code>q</code> \u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de <code>int</code>\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u79cd\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u662f <code>F*</code> \u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5373 <code>int (*)(int)</code>\u3002\u6545\u51fd\u6570 <code>q</code> \u7684\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a <code>int (**)(int)</code>\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>A \u9879\uff1a\u6570\u7ec4\u540d\u5c31\u662f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u4e3a <code>int (**)(int)</code>\uff0c\u5339\u914d\u3002</p> </li> <li>C \u9879\uff1a\u663e\u7136\u7c7b\u578b\u5339\u914d\u3002</li> <li>D \u9879\uff1a\u5bf9\u51fd\u6570\u53d6\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5f97\u5230 <code>int (*)(int)</code>\uff0c\u4e0e <code>int (**)(int)</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u3002</li> </ul> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 1</li> </ul> <p>\u5982\u679c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ee3\u7801\u6709\u9519\uff0c\u5c31\u52c7\u6562\u5730\u5199\u201c\u8be5\u6bb5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd0\u884c\u5931\u8d25\u201d\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 3</li> </ul> <p>\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5408\u5e76\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u90e8\u5206\u53bb\u91cd\u4e86\u3002\u5982\u679c\u79bb\u5f00\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a <code>while</code> \u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53bb\u91cd\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 4</li> </ul> <p>\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u770b <code>main()</code> \u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u5916\u5c42\uff1a<code>((H)\u5185\u5c42\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f )(100);</code>\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u5c06\u5185\u5c42\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5f3a\u5236\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a <code>H</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5bf9\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u6267\u884c\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u3002</li> <li>\u5185\u5c42\uff1a<code>h(0)</code>\u3002\u8c03\u7528\u540e\u8fd4\u56de\u4e86 <code>h</code>\uff0c\u5373\u51fd\u6570\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u51fd\u6570\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a <code>void *</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u6240\u6307\u5411\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002</li> <li>\u5185\u5c42\u8c03\u7528\u540e\uff0c\u5916\u5c42\u5c31\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e <code>h(100)</code>\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a <code>h</code> \u672c\u6765\u5c31\u662f <code>H</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002</li> </ul> <ul> <li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u586b\u7a7a 3 <code>geblib.h</code></li> </ul> <p>WK \u73ed\u540c\u5b66\u5e94\u5f53\u8865\u5145\u9605\u8bfb <code>libgraphics</code> \u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5\u8bfb\u6e90\u7801\u5427\uff1a</p> <ul> <li> <p><code>New()</code> \u5b8f\u51fd\u6570\uff1a</p> <ul> <li> <p>Usage: <code>p = New(pointer-type);</code></p> </li> <li> <p>The New pseudofunction allocates enough space to hold an object of the type to which pointer-type points and returns a pointer to the newly allocated pointer. Note that \"New\" is different from the \"new\" operator used in C++; the former takes a pointer type and the latter takes the target type.</p> </li> <li> <p>\u6e90\u7801\uff1a</p> <pre><code>void *GetBlock(size_t nbytes);\n#define New(type) ((type) GetBlock(sizeof *((type) NULL)))\n</code></pre> </li> <li> <p>\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\u8c03\u7528 <code>New(char*)</code></p> <ul> <li>\u5b8f\u5c55\u5f00\u4e3a <code>((char*) GetBlock(sizeof *((char*) NULL)))</code></li> <li><code>GetBlock()</code> \u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u6536\u9700\u8981\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5206\u914d\u6210\u529f\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u5b8f\u5c55\u5f00\u540e\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u53c2\u6570\uff0c<code>NULL</code> \u88ab\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a <code>char*</code> \u968f\u540e\u89e3\u5f15\u7528\u4ecd\u4e3a <code>char</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002</li> <li>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8c03\u7528\u5c31\u8fd4\u56de\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a <code>char*</code> \u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p><code>FreeBlock()</code> \u51fd\u6570\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u539f\u578b\uff1a<code>void FreeBlock(void *ptr)</code></li> <li>\u4e0e <code>free()</code> \u529f\u80fd\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4e0d\u52a0\u89e3\u91ca\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u7b2c 15 \u7a7a\u6709\u610f\u601d\uff0c<code>FreeBlock(PopStack(stack))</code> \u7684\u5d4c\u5957\u5199\u6cd5\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1 1 \u5206\u5f62</li> </ul> <p>\u8fd9\u7c7b\u7b97\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9898\u76ee\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u7b80\u6d01\u600e\u4e48\u6765\uff0c\u4ee5 OI \u7801\u98ce\u53bb\u5199\u662f\u6700\u5408\u9002\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u8981\u8bd5\u56fe\u5f04\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u6d6a\u8d39\u65f6\u95f4\u3002</p> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u505a\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5199\u7684\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u597d\u7684\u53c2\u8003\uff08</p> <p>\u7406\u89e3\u9519\u9898\u610f\u4e86\uff0c\u539f\u6765 <code>order</code> \u4e0d\u662f\u65b9\u5411\u800c\u662f\u5206\u5f62\u6b21\u5e8f\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u57fa\u51c6\u60c5\u5f62\uff1a\u957f\u5ea6\u7f29\u5c0f\u5230\u67d0\u503c\u3002</li> <li> <p>\u9012\u5f52\u60c5\u5f62\uff1a\u753b\u4e00\u6839\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u4e24\u6b21\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u7ed8\u5236\u4e0b\u4e00\u652f\u7684 <code>length</code> \u548c <code>order</code>\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\u540e\uff0c\u90fd\u5e94\u5f53\u8fd4\u56de\u539f\u4f4d\u3002</p> <pre><code>#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;\n#include &lt;math.h&gt;\n#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;\n#include \"graphics.h\"\n#define MIN_LEN .1\ndouble toRadius(double deg)\n{\nreturn deg * 3.1415926 / 180;\n}\nvoid DrawBranch(double len, double deg)\n{\nDrawLine(len * cos(toRadius(deg)), len * sin(toRadius(deg)));\nif (len * 0.75 &lt; MIN_LEN)\nreturn;\nDrawBranch(len * 0.75, deg - 15);\nMovePen(GetCurrentX() - len * 0.75 * cos(toRadius(deg - 15)),\nGetCurrentY() - len * 0.75 * sin(toRadius(deg - 15)));\n//\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 DrawLine \u5b9e\u73b0\nDrawBranch(len * 0.75, deg + 15);\nMovePen(GetCurrentX() - len * 0.75 * cos(toRadius(deg + 15)),\nGetCurrentY() - len * 0.75 * sin(toRadius(deg + 15)));\n}\nint main(void)\n{\ndouble length;\nchar order;\nprintf(\"Please enter initial length: \");\nscanf(\"%lf\", &amp;length);\ngetchar();\nprintf(\"Please enter order (u)pper, (d)own, (r)ight, (l)eft: \");\nscanf(\"%c\", &amp;order);\ndouble deg;\nswitch(order)\n{\ncase 'u': deg = 90; break;\ncase 'd': deg = -90; break;\ncase 'r': deg = 0; break;\ncase 'l': deg = 180; break;\ndefault: printf(\"error.\\n\"); return 1;\n}\nInitGraphics();\nMovePen(GetWindowWidth()/2, GetWindowHeight()/2);\nDrawBranch(length, deg);\nreturn 0;\n}\n</code></pre> </li> </ul> <ul> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1 2 \u5217\u8868\u53d8\u5e8f</li> </ul> <p>\u5c31\u7528\u6807\u7b54\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c06\u5076\u6570\u8282\u70b9\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u518d\u5408\u5e76\u4e24\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#2018-2019","title":"2018-2019 \u5e74\u5377","text":"<ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 4 \u9012\u5f52\u8ba1\u7b97</li> </ul> <p>\u50cf\u8fd9\u79cd\u9012\u5f52\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u5c31\u8001\u8001\u5b9e\u5b9e\u628a\u51fd\u6570\u9012\u5f52\u5c55\u5f00\u5427\u3002\u5c55\u5f00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8bb0\u5f97\u4f9d\u6b21\u8bb0\u4e0b\u5df2\u7ecf\u8ba1\u7b97\u5b8c\u7684 <code>f(0)</code>\u3001<code>f(1)</code> \u7b49\u503c\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u540e\u7eed\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 6 \u7b97\u6cd5\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790</li> </ul> <p>\u8fd9\u9053\u9898\u6211\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u633a\u5947\u8469\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u662f\u60f3\u53ea\u8981\u5168\u90e8\u6392\u5e8f\u4e00\u904d \\(O(N\\log N)\\)\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528 \\(O(1)\\) \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u4e0b\u5934\u3001\u4e2d\u95f4\u3001\u5c3e\u90e8\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u4e0d\u5c31\u597d\u4e86\u5417\uff08doge</p> <ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 9 \u9012\u589e\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26</li> </ul> <p>\u524d\u7f00\u9012\u589e\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u5148\u9012\u589e\u518d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 1.2</li> </ul> <p>\u672c\u9898\u82f1\u6587\u6709\u70b9\u70eb\u5634\uff0c\u6211\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e00\u4e0b\uff1a</p> <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3c <code>T p</code> \u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u9488 <code>p</code>\uff0c\u8bf7\u5199\u51fa\u590d\u5408\u7c7b\u578b <code>T</code> \u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<code>p</code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u6536 <code>(char *, double)</code> \u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a <code>int *</code>\u3002</p> <p>\u8bfb\u61c2\u9898\u76ee\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u5c31\u4e0d\u7528\u8bf4\u5566\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 2 \u6570\u636e\u4e0e\u5b57\u8282</li> </ul> <p>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1axx-bit system\uff08n \u4f4d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09\u6307\u7684\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6307\u9488\u957f\u5ea6\u6709 \\(n\\) \u6bd4\u7279\uff0c\\(8\\) \u6bd4\u7279\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u3002\u6545\u672c\u9898\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6307\u9488\u90fd\u662f \\(4\\) \u5b57\u8282\u3002</p> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5404\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>StudentInfo</code>\uff1a\u4e24\u4e2a <code>char</code> \u6570\u7ec4 + \u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u9488 = \\(12 + 20 + 4 = 36\\)</li> <li><code>PtrStudentInfo</code>\uff1a\\(4\\)</li> <li><code>pStudent-&gt;name</code>\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a <code>char</code> \u6570\u7ec4 \\(=20\\)</li> <li><code>pStudent-&gt;photo</code>\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a <code>void*</code> \u6307\u9488 \\(=4\\)</li> </ul> <p>\u4ece\u4e0a\u9762\u518d\u6b21\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u540d\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u7b80\u5355\u88ab\u770b\u4f5c\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd8\u5305\u542b\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u4fe1\u606f\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 3 \u94fe\u8868\u64cd\u4f5c</li> </ul> <p>\u8fd9\u9053\u9898\u7b54\u6848\u611f\u89c9\u6709\u70b9\u95ee\u9898\u554a\u3002\u53cd\u6b63\u53ea\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u65f6\u5019 <code>p</code> \u6307\u5411 \\(2\\) \u8fd9\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5c31\u7b97\u5bf9\u4e86\uff0c\u9898\u76ee\u8bf4 <code>node</code> \u90a3\u5e94\u8be5\u4e0d\u7528\u5427\u540e\u9762\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u5199\u51fa\u6765\u5427\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 4 \u94fe\u8868\u64cd\u4f5c</li> </ul> <p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5408\u5e76\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u6309\u5347\u5e8f\u5408\u5e76\u3002</p> <p><code>HEAD</code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e34\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u54d1\u8282\u70b9\u3002</p> <p>\u8c03\u7528\u540e\uff0c\u539f\u6765\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u6307\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c<code>l1</code> \u4ecd\u7136\u6307\u5411 \\(1\\) \u8fd9\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u4f46\u8282\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u53d8\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6 <code>l1</code> \u540e\u9762\u94fe\u4e0a\u4e86\u4ece <code>l2</code> \u5408\u5e76\u8fdb\u6765\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4f5c\u201c\u94fe\u8868\u201d <code>l1</code> \u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u6539\u53d8\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 5 \u53cc\u5411\u6808</li> </ul> <p>\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53cc\u5411\u7684\u6808\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u5165/\u51fa\u6808\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7528 <code>Tag</code> \u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u662f\u54ea\u4e00\u5934\u3002\u4ece\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c<code>Top1</code> \u662f\u5de6\u8fb9\uff08\u5934\u90e8\uff09\u90a3\u5934\uff0c<code>Top2</code> \u662f\u53f3\u8fb9\uff08\u5c3e\u90e8\uff09\u90a3\u5934\u3002</p> <p>\u8bfb\u8fd9\u79cd\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u63a8\u8350\u5148\u8bfb <code>main()</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5373\u89c2\u5bdf\u9898\u76ee\u7ed9\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u3002\u7136\u540e\u4e0d\u660e\u767d\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u518d\u53bb\u770b\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u5206\u5c31\u4e00\u70b9\u90fd\u4e0d\u7528\u770b\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8fd9\u9053\u9898\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u5148\u770b <code>main()</code> \u4e2d\u7684 <code>Push()</code> \uff0c\u8fd9\u600e\u4e48\u6bd4\u5e73\u5e38\u7684 <code>Push()</code> \u591a\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u5462\uff1f</li> <li>\u518d\u770b\u7c7b\u578b\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a <code>Top</code>\uff1f\u56de\u60f3 <code>main()</code> \u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee4\u4e3a <code>-1</code> \u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee4\u4e3a <code>MaxSize</code> \u4fbf\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53cc\u5411\u6808\u4e86\u3002</li> <li><code>Push()</code> \u548c <code>Pop()</code> \u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5c31\u4e0d\u7528\u770b\u4e86\uff0c\u60f3\u8c61\u5f97\u5230\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u3002\u6700\u591a\u518d\u591a\u770b\u4e00\u773c <code>if(Tag == 1)</code> \u77e5\u9053\u54ea\u4e2a\u503c\u5bf9\u5e94\u54ea\u4e00\u5934\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u9053\u9898\u4e86\u3002</li> </ul> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 6 \u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48</li> </ul> <p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4fdd\u9669\u8d77\u89c1\u63a8\u8350\u624b\u5de5\u6a21\u62df\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u624b\u5de5\u6a21\u62df\u51e0\u6b21\u540e\u4f60\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5728\u5e72\u561b\u4e86\u3002</p> <p>\u5176\u5b9e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\uff1a\u8c03\u7528\u540e\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u7ec4 <code>a[k]</code> \u5de6\u4fa7\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u6bd4 <code>a[k]</code> \u5c0f\uff0c\u53f3\u4fa7\u90fd\u6bd4 <code>a[k]</code> \u5927\u3002\u6700\u540e\u8fd4\u56de <code>a[k]</code> \u4e0a\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u987a\u5e8f\u3002</p> <p>\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u6bcf\u8f6e\u5faa\u73af\u628a\u7b2c <code>a[k]</code> \u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u63d0\u51fa\u6765\u4f5c\u4e3a <code>x</code>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528 <code>i</code> \u548c <code>j</code> \u5206\u522b\u4ece\u5de6\u53f3\u904d\u5386\u5e76\u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u4fa7\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u6570\u3002\u4ea4\u6362\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6bd4 <code>x</code> \u5c0f\u7684\u6570\u90fd\u5728\u76f8\u5bf9\u5de6\u8fb9\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u6bd4 <code>x</code> \u5927\u7684\u6570\u90fd\u5728\u76f8\u5bf9\u53f3\u8fb9\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5bf9\u5feb\u6392\u6bd4\u8f83\u719f\u6089\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u5982\u679c\u76ee\u6807\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u5728\u7684\u4e00\u8fb9\u76f4\u63a5\u820d\u5f03\u201d\u7684\u5feb\u6392\u3002\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u672c\u6765\u5feb\u6392\u533a\u95f4\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u9897\u6811\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u73b0\u5728\u5c31\u53ea\u8d70\u4e00\u6761\u8def\uff0c\u53ea\u6392 <code>a[k]</code> \u6240\u5728\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u533a\u95f4\u5957\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u586b\u7a7a 1 \u5206\u578b</li> </ul> <p>\u753b\u4e2a\u5750\u6807\u8f74\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u6e05\u6670\u8d77\u6765\u4e86\u3002\u7136\u540e <code>Main()</code> \u91cc\u6700\u5f00\u59cb\u5bf9\u5927\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\u4e09\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6c42\u503c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u56f0\u60d1\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u7528\u7ba1\u5b83\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u4f60\u5206\u6790\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5b83\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u7528\u4e09\u89d2\u51fd\u6570\u8ba1\u7b97\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5927\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5728\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e2d\u592e\u7f62\u4e86\u3002\u7ed9\u4e2a\u5f88\u8349\u7684\u8349\u7a3f\u793a\u610f\u56fe\uff1a</p> <p>\u753b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5206\u5f62\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u5148\u753b\u5927\u4e09\u89d2\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5404\u8fb9\u53d6\u4e2d\u70b9\u3002\u5927\u4e09\u89d2\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u548c\u76f8\u90bb\u4e24\u8fb9\u4e2d\u70b9\u6784\u6210\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e09\u89d2\u3002</p> <p></p> <ul> <li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u586b\u7a7a 2 \u5faa\u73af\u961f\u5217\u5b9e\u73b0</li> </ul> <p>\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u8fd8\u662f\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u5faa\u73af\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u672c\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6bd4\u8f83\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u5c01\u88c5\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u8fd8\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5faa\u73af\u961f\u5217\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u53bb\u7f51\u4e0a\u641c\u4e00\u641c\u3002\u5faa\u73af\u961f\u5217\u7684\u8981\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u52a0\u6cd5\u64cd\u4f5c\u5168\u90e8\u8981\u5957\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b21\u53d6\u6a21\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u672c\u9898\u6ce8\u610f\u4e00\u4e0b\u95f4\u63a5\u6210\u5458\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26 <code>-&gt;</code> \u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</p> <p>\u6b64\u5916\u5faa\u73af\u961f\u5217\u7684 <code>rear</code> \u4e5f\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u672c\u9898\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u6807\u5fd7\u961f\u5217\u5c3e\u90e8\u7684\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5e94\u8be5\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff1b\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u76f4\u63a5\u6807\u5fd7\u961f\u5217\u5c3e\u90e8\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5982\u679c\u672c\u9898\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u65f6\u5019 <code>Q-&gt;rear = maxsize - 1</code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7a7a\u5e94\u8be5\u4f5c\u600e\u6837\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u5462\uff1f</p> <ul> <li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u586b\u7a7a 3 \u56fe\u5f62\u5e93</li> </ul> <p>\u53c2\u89c1\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898-\u56fe\u5f62\u5e93-\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668</p> <ul> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1 1 \u5bfb\u627e\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u5171\u8282\u70b9</li> </ul> <p>\u60f3\u8c61\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u60c5\u5883\uff1a\u8fd8\u662f\u60f3\u8c61\u4f60\u548c\u4f60\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u7ad9\u5728\u9898\u76ee\u6240\u793a\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u5904\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u76f8\u4ea4\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u5c3d\u5feb\u627e\u5230\u4f1a\u5408\u70b9\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u529e\u5462\uff1f\u800c\u4e14\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u7528\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5df1\u79bb\u7ec8\u70b9\u8fd8\u6709\u591a\u8fdc\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u76f8\u4ea4\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u80af\u5b9a\u6709\u516c\u5171\u5b50\u94fe\u8868\u3002\u5269\u4e0b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u5c31\u662f\u4f60\u4eec\u5404\u81ea\u5b50\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u5e94\u5f53\u5148\u76f8\u5bf9\u7ec8\u70b9\u5bf9\u9f50\u5f7c\u6b64\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f7f\u81ea\u5df1\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u5b50\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u76f8\u7b49\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u4ee5\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u524d\u8fdb\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4eec\u5728\u67d0\u5904\u4f1a\u5408\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u516c\u5171\u5b50\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u5904\u3002</p> <p>\u53c2\u7b54\u4e2d\uff0c<code>lPtr</code> \u6307\u5411\u8f83\u957f\u7684\u94fe\u8868\uff0c<code>sPtr</code> \u6307\u5411\u8f83\u77ed\u7684\u94fe\u8868\uff0c<code>numLeftNodes</code> \u5c31\u662f\u4e24\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u7684\u5dee\u503c\uff0c<code>lPtr=lPtr-&gt;next</code> \u7684 <code>for</code> \u5faa\u73af\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u5bf9\u9f50\u4e24\u4eba\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</p> <p>\u5faa\u73af\u7ec8\u6b62\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\uff1a\u5176\u4e2d\u67d0\u4eba\u8d70\u5230\u4e86\u5c3d\u5934 <code>NULL</code>\uff0c\u6216\u4e24\u4eba\u76f8\u9047 <code>lPtr==sPtr</code>\u3002\u8fd4\u56de\u6700\u7ec8\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1 2 \u4e8c\u5206\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f</li> </ul> <p>\u8fd9\u9898\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f5c\u89e3\u6790\u3002\u53c2\u7b54\u4e2d\u6f0f\u4e86\u68c0\u67e5 <code>minPos == rh</code> \u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u60f3\u60f3\u8fd9\u6837\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u4ec0\u4e48\u540e\u679c\uff1f</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#2017-2018","title":"2017-2018 \u5e74\u5377","text":"<ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 1 \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0e\u6307\u9488\u64cd\u4f5c</li> </ul> <ul> <li>C \u9879\uff1a<code>strcpy()</code> \u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u4f9d\u636e\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u672b\u5c3e\u7684 <code>\\0</code> \u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u505c\u6b62\u590d\u5236\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u5b9c\u7528\u4e8e\u6b64\u60c5\u5883\u3002</li> <li>D \u9879\uff1a\u6bcf\u6b21 <code>*pc2++ = *pc1++</code>\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u5c06 <code>pc1</code> \u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230 <code>pc2</code> \u6307\u5411\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba9\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a <code>char</code> \u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u7531\u4e8e <code>p1</code> \u548c <code>p2</code> \u4e24\u4e2a\u7ed3\u6784\u53d8\u91cf\u5927\u5c0f\u90fd\u662f \\(8+8=16\\) \u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8be5\u9009\u9879\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u6267\u884c\u4e86\u62f7\u8d1d\u3002</li> </ul> <ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 7 \u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f</li> </ul> <p>\u8fd9\u9053\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u9009\u7684\u662f D \u9879\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4e2d\u7684\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\uff1a</p> <pre><code>void bubble_sort(int *arr, int len) {\nint i, j, tmp;\nfor (i = 0; i &lt; len - 1; i++) {\nfor (j = len - 1; j &gt; i; j--) {//Bubble\nif (arr[j] &lt; arr[j - 1]) {\ntmp = arr[j];\narr[j] = arr[j - 1];\narr[j - 1] = tmp;\n}\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u90fd\u662f \\(O(n^2)\\)\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u666e\u904d\u4f1a\u4f5c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4f18\u5316\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u5982\u679c\u5728\u4e0a\u4e00\u8f6e\u7684 Bubble \u4e2d\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u4efb\u4f55\u4ea4\u6362\uff0c\u5219\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e8f\u5217\u4e5f\u662f\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u540e\u7eed\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e86\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5916\u5faa\u73af\u5f00\u5934\u6dfb\u52a0 <code>bool flag = 0;</code>\uff0c\u7ed3\u5c3e\u6dfb\u52a0 <code>if(!flag)break;</code>\uff0c\u4ea4\u6362\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0 <code>flag=true</code> \u5373\u53ef\u5c06\u6700\u4f18\u60c5\u51b5\u4f18\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(n)\\)\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 9 \u5b58\u50a8\u7c7b\u522b\u9650\u5b9a\u7b26</li> </ul> <ul> <li>D \u9879\uff1a<code>static</code> \u6b64\u5904\u4fee\u9970\u7684\u662f\u6307\u9488 <code>p</code>\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411 <code>static int</code> \u8fd9\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\u3002<code>static</code> \u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b58\u50a8\u7c7b\u522b\u9650\u5b9a\u7b26\uff0c\u5728\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u58f0\u660e\u4e2d\u8868\u793a\u8be5\u53d8\u91cf\u5177\u6709\u9759\u6001\u5b58\u50a8\u671f\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u7ba1\u5b83\u6307\u5411\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u671f\u3002</li> </ul> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 1.(2) \u5199\u51fd\u6570\u58f0\u660e</li> </ul> <p>\u5148\u60f3\u60f3\u81ea\u5df1\u4f1a\u600e\u4e48\u8c03\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a <code>fun</code> \u51fd\u6570\u624d\u80fd\u5f97\u5230 <code>void</code> \u7c7b\u578b\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u83b7\u53d6\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff1a<code>fun(int)</code>\u3002</li> <li>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff0c\u89e3\u5f15\u7528\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<code>(*fun(int))(int)</code>\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u5e94\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528 <code>(*fp)()</code> \u5f62\u5f0f\u8c03\u7528\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u7b54\u6848\uff1a<code>void (*fun(int))(int)</code>\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 5 \u6700\u5927\u5b50\u5217\u548c</li> </ul> <p>\u5176\u5b9e\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u8fde\u7eed\u5b50\u5217\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u548c\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u8005\u3002\u5728\u7f51\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u641c\u5230\u5f88\u591a\u8be5\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u539f\u7406\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u8bf7\u53bb\u770b\u4e00\u770b\uff0c\u770b\u5b8c\u5c31\u80fd\u7acb\u523b\u660e\u767d\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e86\u3002</p> <p><code>thisp</code> \u88ab\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u6700\u5927\u5b50\u5217\u7684\u5f00\u5934\uff0c<code>maxp</code> \u88ab\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u6700\u5927\u5b50\u5217\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 6 \u4f8f\u5112\u6392\u5e8f</li> </ul> <p>\u57fa\u4e8e\u6bd4\u8f83\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5927\u6982\u90fd\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u5230\u6700\u4f18\u60c5\u51b5\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \u5427\uff1f</p> <ul> <li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u586b\u7a7a 2 \u591a\u9879\u5f0f\u8ba1\u7b97</li> </ul> <p>\u8fd9\u9898\u86ee\u5751\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u770b\u4e86\u597d\u4e00\u4f1a\u513f\u624d\u660e\u767d\u7b2c (7)(8) \u7a7a\u5728\u5e72\u561b\u3002\u5b83\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u5148\u628a\u524d\u9762\u7684\u9ad8\u6b21\u9879\u63d0\u516c\u56e0\u5f0f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u9010\u6b65\u5411\u540e\u6c42\u548c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7ed9\u5b83\u6574\u4f53\u4e58\u4e0a \\(x\\)\u3002\u6bd4\u5982 \\(3x^4+2x^2+1\\) \u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u8ba1\u7b97\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\\((((3x)x^2)+2x)x + 1\\)</li> </ul> <p>\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e58\u79ef\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u3002</p> <p>\u540c\u6837\u6ce8\u610f <code>-&gt;</code> \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#2016-2017","title":"2016-2017 \u5e74\u5377","text":"<ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 1 \u5012\u5e8f\u6808</li> </ul> <p>\u6ce8\u610f\u9898\u76ee\u4e2d\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u6808\u9876\u6307\u9488\u4f4d\u4e8e <code>N</code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6808\u662f\u4ece\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5c3e\u90e8\u5f00\u59cb\u7d2f\u79ef\u7684\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 1.(2) \u5199\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488</li> </ul> <p>\u7b80\u5355\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd9\u6837\u8bb0\uff1a<code>typedef \u8fd4\u56de\u7c7b\u578b (*\u65b0\u540d\u5b57)(\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868)</code></p> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 3 \u5947\u5076\u6392\u5e8f</li> </ul> <p>\u548c\u524d\u4e00\u5e74\u7684\u4f8f\u5112\u6392\u5e8f\u6709\u70b9\u50cf\uff0c\u6709\u5e8f\u60c5\u51b5\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u904d\u8fc7\uff0c\u6700\u4f18\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e5f\u662f \\(O(n)\\)\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 4 \u94fe\u8868\u64cd\u4f5c</li> </ul> <p>\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8be5\u94fe\u8868\u987a\u5e8f\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u6392\u5217\u3002\u6bd4 <code>x</code> \u5c0f\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u4f9d\u6b21\u79fb\u52a8\u5230 <code>root</code> \u4e3a\u9996\u7684\u5e26\u54e8\u5175\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u5927\u7684\u4f9d\u6b21\u79fb\u52a8\u5230 <code>pivot</code> \u4e3a\u9996\u7684\u54e8\u5175\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5c06\u4e24\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\u5408\u5e76\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5408\u5e76\u540e\u7684\u94fe\u8868\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 5 \u56e0\u6570\u5206\u89e3</li> </ul> <p>\u672c\u9898\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u8fbe\u6c42\u56e0\u6570\u3001\u7ea6\u53bb\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56e0\u6570\u3001\u6c42\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u56e0\u6570...\u3002\u6a21\u62df\u4e00\u904d\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u586b\u7a7a 1 \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f</li> </ul> <p>\u6392\u5e8f\u539f\u7406\u9898\u76ee\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bb2\u6e05\u695a\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bb2\u4e00\u4e0b\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u51e0\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>count</code> \u6570\u7ec4\uff1a\u5148\u7528\u4e8e\u7edf\u8ba1\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u540e\u7528\u6765\u6807\u8bb0\u5f00\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</li> <li><code>output_array[count[input_array[i]]] = input_array[i]</code> \u6211\u4eec\u6765\u62c6\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0b\uff1a<ul> <li><code>intput_array[i]</code> \u5c31\u662f\u7b2c <code>i</code> \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20</li> <li>\u628a\u5b83\u653e\u5230 <code>count[]</code> \u5c31\u80fd\u67e5\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5e94\u8be5\u653e\u7f6e\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</li> <li>\u6240\u4ee5\u7b2c 4 \u7a7a\u5f53\u7136\u8981\u9012\u589e\u5566\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul> <li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u586b\u7a7a 3 \u5dee\u96c6</li> </ul> <p>\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\u90fd\u662f\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5b8c\u6574\u904d\u5386 \\(A\\)\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#2015-2016","title":"2015-2016 \u5e74\u5377","text":"<ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 5 \u5b8f\u7684\u5c55\u5f00</li> </ul> <p>\u5b8f\u5c55\u5f00\u53ea\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6587\u672c\u66ff\u6362\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5148\u5c55\u5f00 <code>DD</code> \u5f97\u5230 <code>SQ(2*3) - SQ(2+3)</code>\uff0c\u5f97\u5230 <code>2 * 3 * 2 * 3 - 2 + 3 * 2 + 3</code></li> <li>\u5148\u5c55\u5f00 <code>SQ</code> \u5f97\u5230 <code>DD(x, y) = x * x - y * y</code>\uff0c\u5f97\u5230 <code>2 * 3 * 2 * 3 - 2 + 3 * 2 + 3</code></li> </ul> <p>\u4ece\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u5c55\u5f00\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u5b8f\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5c55\u5f00\u987a\u5e8f\u5e76\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\u7ed3\u679c\u5e94\u5f53\u4e00\u81f4\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/","title":"\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u5148\u4ecb\u7ecd\u300aC Primer Plus\u300b\u4e2d\u8bb2\u89e3\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u518d\u53d9\u8ff0 C \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e2d\u5173\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</p>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#c","title":"\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0b C \u7684\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u6a21\u578b","text":"","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#_2","title":"\u7f13\u51b2","text":"<p>\u7f13\u51b2\u8f93\u5165</p> <p>\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u88ab\u6536\u96c6\u5e76\u50a8\u5b58\u5728\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\uff08buffer\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u6309\u4e0b Enter \u952e\u540e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u624d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5b8c\u5168\u7f13\u51b2\uff1a\u4ec5\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u586b\u6ee1\u65f6\u624d\u53d1\u9001\u5185\u5bb9\u3001\u5237\u65b0\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u8f93\u5165\u3002</li> <li>\u884c\u7f13\u51b2\uff1a\u51fa\u73b0\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u65f6\u5237\u65b0\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u952e\u76d8\u8f93\u5165\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4e0e\u4e4b\u5bf9\u5e94\u5730\uff0c\u65e0\u7f13\u51b2\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u80fd\u591f\u7acb\u5373\u4f7f\u7528\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002</p> <p>C \u6807\u51c6\u89c4\u5b9a\uff1a\u8f93\u5165\u662f\u7f13\u51b2\u7684\u3002</p> \u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u6539\u8f93\u5165\u65b9\u5f0f\u5417\uff1f <p>UNIX \u5e93\u4e2d\u6709 <code>ioctl()</code> \u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u5f85\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e C \u6807\u51c6\u3002</p> <p>ANSI C \u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>setbuf()</code> \u548c <code>setvbuf()</code> \u63a7\u5236\u7f13\u51b2\uff0c\u4f46\u53d7\u9650\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002</p>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#_3","title":"\u6d41","text":"<p>C \u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u65b9\u5f0f\u79f0\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6 I/O\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5e95\u5c42 I/O \u4e0a\u7684\u3002\u5e95\u5c42 I/O \u4e4b\u95f4\u5e38\u5e38\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5dee\u5f02\uff1a</p> <p>\u5404\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5dee\u5f02</p> \u5dee\u5f02 UNIX Windows MacOS \u6362\u884c\u7b26 <code>\\n</code> LF <code>\\r\\n</code> CRLF <code>\\n</code> (\u8f83\u65e9\u7684 MacOS \u4f7f\u7528 <code>\\r</code>)LF \u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26 <code>^D</code> <code>^Z</code> <code>^D</code> <p>\u6ce8\uff1a\u5982 <code>^Z</code> \u4ee3\u8868 <code>Ctrl+Z</code>\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u7ec4\u5408\u952e\u7ed3\u675f\u952e\u76d8\u8f93\u5165\u3002</p> <p>\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u5c3e\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u7531\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26\u6807\u8bb0\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0cUNIX \u7cfb\u7edf\u50a8\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f9d\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u4fe1\u606f\u51b3\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u3002</p> <p>\u4ece\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u770b\uff0cC \u5904\u7406\u7684\u662f\u6d41\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u4e0d\u540c\u79cd\u7c7b\u7684\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u7531\u5c5e\u6027\u66f4\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u6d41\u6765\u8868\u793a\u3002</p> <p>\u6d41</p> <p>\u6d41\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u3002</p> <p>\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u6d41\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6\u76f8\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u8bfb\u5199\u90fd\u901a\u8fc7\u6d41\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u3002</p> <p><code>getchar()</code> \u548c <code>scanf()</code> \u7b49\u51fd\u6570\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u5c3e\u65f6\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u503c <code>EOF</code>\uff0c\u5728 <code>stdio.h</code> \u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\uff1a</p> <pre><code>#define EOF (-1)\n</code></pre> <p>\u4f60\u80fd\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u628a\u5b83\u5b9a\u4e3a <code>-1</code> \u5417\uff1f</p>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#_4","title":"\u5b57\u7b26\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa","text":"<p>\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u529f\u80fd</p> \u529f\u80fd \u51fd\u6570 \u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de\u503c <code>int getchar(void)</code> <code>int getc(FILE *stream)</code> <code>int fgetc(FILE *stream)</code> \u5355\u5b57\u7b26\u8f93\u5165 EOF <code>char *fgets(char *s, int size, FILE *stream)</code> \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8f93\u5165 NULL <code>int ungetc(int c, FILE *stream)</code> \u653e\u56de\u7f13\u51b2\u8f93\u5165 EOF <p>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u51fd\u6570\u90fd\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4ece\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e2d\u7684 <code>unsigned char</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a <code>int</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u3002</p> <p>\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u9020\u6210 EOF \u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u8bc6\u522b\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u88ab\u770b\u4f5c\u5b57\u7b26\u5462\uff1f</p> <p>\u5173\u4e8e <code>getchar()</code> \u51fd\u6570</p> <p>\u5b83\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u662f <code>int</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u800c\u975e <code>char</code> \u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u3002</p>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#_5","title":"\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u95ee\u9898","text":"<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<code>scanf()</code> \u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u9664\u4e86 <code>%c</code> \u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8bfb\u53d6\u7a7a\u767d\u5b57\u7b26\uff08\u7a7a\u683c\u3001\u5236\u8868\u7b26\u548c\u56de\u8f66\uff09\u3002</p> <p>\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u51fd\u6570</p> <pre><code>char * s_gets(char* st, int n)\n{\nchar * ret_val;\nint i = 0;\n\nret_val = fgets(st, n, stdin);\nif (ret_val)\n{\nwhile (st[i] != '\\n' &amp;&amp; st[i] != '\\0)\ni++;\nif (st[i] == '\\n')\nst[i] = '\\0';\nelse //must have words[i] == '\\0'\nwhile (getchar() != '\\n')\ncontinue;\n}\nreturn ret_val;\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u81ea\u300aC Primer Plus\u300b\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e66\u4e2d 13 \u7ae0\u4ee5\u540e\u4e00\u76f4\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u793a\u8303\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u5b89\u5168\u7684 <code>fgets()</code> \u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8f93\u5165\u7edf\u4e00\uff0c\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u6d89\u53ca\u884c\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7edf\u4e00\u884c\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6362\u884c\u7b26\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u5c3e\u5904\u859b\u5b9a\u8c14\u7684\u6362\u884c\u7b26\uff0c\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u4f5c\u7528\u3002</p>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#_6","title":"\u68c0\u67e5\u8f93\u5165","text":"<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u67e5\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\uff1a</p> <ol> <li><code>scanf()</code> \u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002</li> </ol>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#_7","title":"\u6587\u4ef6\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa","text":"","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#_8","title":"\u6807\u51c6\u5e93","text":"","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#c-standard-library","title":"C standard library","text":"","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#history-of-io-model","title":"History of I/O model","text":"<ul> <li> <p>Before the UNIX system, </p> </li> <li> <p>UNIX system designed I/O method isolated about devices. It treats all text stream using standard internal format.</p> </li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#-ioctl-is-used-to-edit-text-stream-for-output","title":"- <code>ioctl</code> is used to edit text stream for output.","text":"","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#_9","title":"\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u827a\u672f","text":"","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#_10","title":"\u6587\u4ef6","text":"<p>\u672c\u8282\u7ed3\u5408 <code>&lt;stdio.h&gt;</code> \u5e93\u548c C \u6807\u51c6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002</p>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#_11","title":"\u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5","text":"<p>C \u628a\u6587\u4ef6\u770b\u4f5c\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u90fd\u80fd\u88ab\u5355\u72ec\u8bfb\u53d6\u3002C \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e24\u79cd\u6587\u4ef6\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u5f00\u5934\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002</p>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#_12","title":"\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u5b8f","text":"<p>\u5728 <code>&lt;stdio.h&gt;</code> \u4e2d\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u5b8f\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>FILE</code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u63a7\u5236\u6d41\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7b26\u3001\u6307\u5411\u76f8\u5173\u7f13\u51b2\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u6307\u793a\u7b26\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26\u3002<ul> <li>\u4e0d\u8981\u8bd5\u56fe\u63a2\u7d22 <code>FILE *</code> \u6570\u636e\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u67d0\u4e9b\u53ef\u89c1\u57df\u3002\u4e0d\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u4e0d\u8981\u62f7\u8d1d\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e76\u4ee3\u66ff\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u5047\u5b9a\u77e5\u9053\u6d41\u6570\u636e\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5730\u5740\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li><code>fpos_t</code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u542b\u6709\u552f\u4e00\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\u3002</li> <li><code>stderr</code>, <code>stdin</code>, <code>stdout</code> \u90fd\u662f <code>FILE*</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002</li> <li><code>EOF</code> \u5c55\u5f00\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d1f\u7684\u6574\u503c\u5e38\u91cf\u3002</li> <li><code>NULL</code></li> <li><code>SEEK_CUR</code> \u6587\u4ef6\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e</li> <li><code>SEEK_END</code> \u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u675f\u4f4d\u7f6e</li> <li><code>SEEK_SET</code> \u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e</li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#_13","title":"\u51fd\u6570","text":"<p>\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>int remove (const char *filename)</code></li> <li><code>int rename (const char *old, const char *new)</code></li> <li><code>FILE *tmpfile(void)</code></li> <li><code>char * tmpnam(char *s)</code></li> </ul> <p>\u6587\u4ef6\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>int fclose(FILE *stream)</code> <ul> <li>\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6e05\u7a7a\u6d41\uff08\u6e05\u7a7a\u6d41\u5c31\u662f\u4f20\u9012\u7f13\u51b2\u6570\u636e\uff09\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u7f13\u51b2\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li><code>int fflush(FILE *stream)</code><ul> <li>\u7acb\u5373\u5199\u5165\uff08\u8981\u6c42\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b21\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u8f93\u51fa\uff09\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li><code>FILE *fopen(const char *filename, const char *mode)</code></li> <li><code>FILE *freopen(const char *filename, const char *mode, FILE *stream)</code></li> <li><code>void setbuf(FILE *stream, char *buf)</code></li> <li><code>int setvbuf(FILE *stream, char *buf, int mode, size_t size)</code></li> </ul> <p>mode \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u542b\u4e49\uff1a</p> flag meaning r read w write (new or cut) a append (new or append) b binary + update <p>\u6ce8\u610f\u4e00\u4e0b\u4e0a\u9762\u8bcd\u8bed\u7684\u542b\u4e49\uff0cupdate \u548c append \u80fd\u5199\u5165\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002</p> <ul> <li>append \u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u5f3a\u5236\u52a0\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u675f\u5904\u3002</li> <li>update \u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0c\u82e5\u4e0d\u8c03\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u5b9a\u4f4d\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u76f8\u4e92\u7d27\u8ddf\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e UNIX \u8fd9\u79cd\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5e26 <code>b</code> \u4e0e\u5426\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u3002</p> <p>C11 \u4e2d\u65b0\u589e\u4e86 <code>x</code>\uff0c\u5e26\u8be5\u5b57\u6bcd\u7684\u5199\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00\u5b58\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\uff08\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u52a0\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\uff09\uff0c\u4e14\u5141\u8bb8\u72ec\u5360\u3002</p> <p>\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>fprintf</code></li> <li><code>fscanf</code></li> <li><code>vfprintf</code></li> <li><code>vprintf</code></li> <li><code>vsprintf</code></li> </ul> <p>\u5b57\u7b26\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>fgetc</code></li> <li><code>fgets</code></li> <li><code>fputc</code></li> <li><code>fputs</code></li> <li><code>getc</code></li> <li><code>getchar</code></li> <li>[DECPRATED] <code>gets</code></li> <li><code>putc</code></li> <li><code>putchar</code></li> <li><code>puts</code></li> <li><code>ungetc</code></li> </ul> <p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c<code>fgetc()</code> \u4e0e <code>getc()</code> \u8fd9\u7c7b\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u662f\u540e\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e3a\u5b8f\u3002</p> <p>\u76f4\u63a5 I/O\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>size_t fread(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, FILE *stream)</code></li> <li><code>size_t fwrite(const void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, FILE *stream)</code></li> </ul> <p>\u6587\u4ef6\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>int fseek(FILE *stream, long int offset, int whence)</code></li> <li><code>long int ftell(FILE *stream)</code></li> <li><code>void rewind(FILE *stream)</code></li> </ul> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u66f4\u5927\u578b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff08<code>long</code> \u65e0\u6cd5\u8868\u793a\u7684\u504f\u79fb\u503c\uff09</p> <ul> <li><code>int fgetpos(FILE *stream, fpos_t *pos)</code></li> <li><code>int fsetpos(FILE *stream, const fpos_t *pos)</code></li> </ul> <p>\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\uff1a\u7565</p>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#_14","title":"\u6d41\u548c\u6587\u4ef6","text":"<p>C \u6807\u51c6\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e24\u79cd\u6d41\u7684\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u6587\u672c\u6d41\uff1a\u7ec4\u6210\u6587\u672c\u884c\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u5b57\u7b26\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u7531\u96f6\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u52a0\u4e0a\u6807\u5fd7\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u7ec4\u6210\u3002<ul> <li>\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u3001\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u6b63\u524d\u9762\u7684\u7a7a\u683c\u662f\u5426\u5728\u8bfb\u53d6\u65f6\u51fa\u73b0\u7b49\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6d41\uff1a\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u5e8f\u5217\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5173\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u52a8\u4f5c\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a\u6d41\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e0e\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u5173\u8054\u3002<ul> <li>\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u4f1a\u4e22\u5f03\u5185\u5bb9\u3002</li> <li>\u548c\u6d41\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7b26\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</li> <li>\u9644\u52a0\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7531\u5b9e\u73b0\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li></li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#_15","title":"\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u79fb\u52a8","text":"<ul> <li>offset \u5e94\u8be5\u7531 ftell \u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002</li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#_16","title":"\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6","text":"","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/linguish/","title":"\u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5","text":""},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/linguish/#_2","title":"\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u4e0e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7","text":"<p>C \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7 - cppreference.com</p> <p>\u7b80\u5355\u5f52\u7eb3\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ea7\uff1a<ul> <li>\u90fd\u662f\u8bbf\u95ee\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff0c\u5982 <code>[]</code> \u4e0b\u6807\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001<code>.</code>\u3001\u6210\u5458\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001<code>-&gt;</code> \u95f4\u63a5\u6210\u5458\u8bbf\u95ee</li> <li><code>()</code> \u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u3001<code>(type)</code> \u5f3a\u5236\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362</li> <li>\u540e\u7f00\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff1a<code>++</code>\u3001<code>--</code></li> </ul> </li> <li>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ea7\uff1a<ul> <li>\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u5143\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff1a<code>+</code>\u3001<code>-</code> \u4e00\u5143\u52a0\u51cf\u3001<code>!</code>\u3001<code>~</code> \u4e00\u5143\u903b\u8f91\u3001<code>++</code>\u3001<code>--</code> \u524d\u7f00\u3001<code>*</code>\u3001<code>&amp;</code> \u5f15\u7528\u4e0e\u89e3\u5f15\u7528\u3001<code>sizeof</code>\u3001<code>_Alignof</code> \u53d6\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0e\u5bf9\u9f50</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ea7~\u7b2c\u56db\u7ea7\uff1a<ul> <li><code>*</code>\u3001<code>/</code>\u3001<code>%</code> \u4e58\u9664\u53d6\u4f59</li> <li><code>+</code>\u3001<code>-</code> \u52a0\u51cf</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ea7\uff1a<ul> <li><code>&lt;&lt;</code>\u3001<code>&gt;&gt;</code> \u5de6\u79fb\u53f3\u79fb</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u7b2c\u516d\u7ea7\uff1a<ul> <li><code>&lt;</code>\u3001<code>&lt;=</code>\u3001<code>&gt;</code>\u3001<code>&gt;=</code> \u6bd4\u8f83</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ea7\uff1a<ul> <li><code>==</code>\u3001<code>!=</code> \u76f8\u7b49\u4e0e\u4e0d\u7b49</li> </ul> </li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/misc/","title":"\u6742\u9879","text":""},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/misc/#win-32","title":"Win 32 \u7f16\u7a0b\u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5","text":""},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/misc/#_2","title":"\u56fd\u9645\u5316\uff1a\u5b57\u7b26\u7c7b\u578b","text":""},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/program-structure-and-compilation/","title":"\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b","text":"<p>\u7b80\u4ecb</p> <p>\u672c\u8282\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>C \u8bed\u8a00\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784</li> <li>\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b</li> <li>\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u7684\u4f7f\u7528</li> <li>\u591a\u6587\u4ef6\u7f16\u8bd1</li> <li>\u5b8f</li> <li>\u5934\u6587\u4ef6</li> </ul>","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/data-structures/","title":"\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u57fa\u7840","text":"<p>\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f</p> <ul> <li>\u5b66\u5e74\uff1a2023-2024 \u79cb\u51ac\u5b66\u671f</li> <li>\u6388\u8bfe\u6559\u5e08\uff1a\u5e72\u7ea2\u534e</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/","title":"HPC101-2023","text":"<p>Course information</p> <ul> <li>Course Time: 2023 Summer</li> <li>Website</li> <li>Related Book Notes:<ul> <li>An Introduction to parallel programming</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>Prereading</p> <p>These notes are written completely in English.</p> <p>Contents for this course are:</p> <ul> <li>Overview of High Performance Computing</li> <li>Architecture of High Performance Computuers</li> <li>Operation and maintainance of High Performance Computers</li> <li>Design and implementation of High Performance Computing Applications</li> <li>Basics of Vectorized Programming</li> <li>CUDA C Heterogeneous Programming Fundamentals</li> <li>Compilation optimization techniques</li> <li>Machine Learning System Optimization</li> </ul> <p>I recommend you to read the following materials before the course:</p> <ul> <li>Introductino to High Performance Computing for Scientists and Engineers</li> <li>An Introduction to Parallel Programming</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/#lecture-note","title":"Lecture Note","text":""},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/#labs-archive","title":"Labs Archive","text":"<ul> <li>Lab1: Construct simple cluster</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/","title":"Lab1 Construct simple cluster","text":"<p>Keep in mind</p> <p>Always redirect the output of your commands to a file. It helps to store informations in files. You may need them later to get information or debug.</p> <pre><code># Redirect stdout and stderr to files\ncommand &gt; stdout.log 2&gt; stderr.log\n</code></pre> <p>If you want to see the information in your terminal, you can use <code>tee</code> to print the output to both stdout and files.</p> <pre><code># Redirect stdout and stderr to files and print them to terminal\ncommand 2&gt;&amp;1 | tee stdout.log stderr.log\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/#0-create-a-virtual-machine","title":"0. Create a virtual machine","text":"<p>Procedures of installation are skipped.</p> <p>If you can't bear low display resolution in terminals, see Configuring Network and SSH to use SSH to connect to the virtual machine.</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/#1-build-and-install-openmpi-from-source","title":"1. Build and install OpenMPI from source","text":"<p>Follow the official tutorial OpenMPI: FAQ:Building Open MPI to install OpenMPI. </p> <pre><code>wget https://download.open-mpi.org/release/open-mpi/v4.1/openmpi-4.1.1.tar.gz\ntar -xvf openmpi-4.1.1.tar.gz\ncd openmpi-4.1.1\n./configure --prefix=/usr/local\nmake all install\n</code></pre> <p>You may need <code>sudo</code> privilege to execute <code>make all install</code> because it needs to change <code>/usr/local/</code>. After installation, the binary files are in <code>/usr/local/bin</code> and you don't need to change PATH.</p> <p>Remember directory paths</p> <p>You'll need to configure paths to OpenMPI when compiling and running MPI programs. In my case, the paths are:</p> <ul> <li>binary: <code>/usr/local/bin/</code></li> <li>header files: <code>/usr/local/include</code></li> <li>hostfile: <code>/usr/local/etc/openmpi-default-hostfile</code></li> </ul> <p>After I've done the lab, I understood that I should have used an independent path to save the OpenMPI files and other components, so that they can be found more easily. For example, I can use <code>/usr/local/openmpi-4.1.1</code> to save the files.</p> Test your OpenMPI installation <p>You can test your OpenMPI installation by executing <code>mpirun</code>:</p> <pre><code>mpirun --version\n</code></pre> <p>If you see the version information, then you've installed OpenMPI successfully.</p> <p>If you want to test the compilation and execution of MPI programs, you can try to compile and run the <code>hello.c</code>. Follow the instructions on Using MPI with C</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/#2-build-and-install-blas-and-cblas","title":"2. Build and install BLAS and CBLAS","text":"<p>Prepare tools:</p> <pre><code>sudo apt install build-essential gfortran cmake\n</code></pre> <p>Get the source code and extract them:</p> <pre><code>wget \"https://netlib.org/benchmark/hpl/hpl-2.3.tar.gz\"\nwget \"http://www.netlib.org/blas/blas-3.11.0.tgz\"\nwget \"http://www.netlib.org/blas/blast-forum/cblas.tgz\"\ntar xvf hpl-2.3.tar.gz -C hpl\ntar xvf blas-3.11.0.tgz -C blas\ntar xvf cblas.tgz -C cblas\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/#install-blas","title":"Install BLAS","text":"<pre><code>cd blas\nmake\n</code></pre> <p>Then you'll Find the line <code>BLASLIB = ../../blas$(PLAT).a</code> and change it to <code>BLASLIB = /usr/local/lib/libblas.a</code>. Then save and exit. Then execute <code>make</code>, get the binary file <code>cblas_LINUX.a</code> in the folder. Copy it to <code>/usr/local/lib</code>:</p> <pre><code>cp blas_LINUX.a /usr/local/lib/libblas.a\n</code></pre> <p>Run the test program for BLAS and passed:</p> <p></p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/#install-cblas","title":"Install CBLAS","text":"<pre><code>cd ../cblas\nmore README\n</code></pre> <p>Read the instructions in <code>README</code> to install CBLAS.</p> <pre><code>cp Makefile.LINUX Makefile.in\nvim Makefile.in\n</code></pre> <p>Find the line <code>BLASLIB = ../../blas$(PLAT).a</code> and change it to <code>BLASLIB = /usr/local/lib/libblas.a</code>. Then save and exit. Then execute <code>make</code>, get the binary file <code>cblas_LINUX.a</code> in the folder. Copy it to <code>/usr/local/lib</code>:</p> <pre><code>make\ncp cblas_LINUX.a /usr/local/lib/libcblas.a\n</code></pre> Error when compiling CBLAS <p>If you encountered the same error when executing make in CBLAS folder and stopped at testing process, receiving the error message like:</p> <pre><code>Error: rank mismatch in argument 'strue1' at (1) (rank-1 and scalar)\n</code></pre> <p></p> <p>The reason is that there are some old-fashioned code deprecated by recent version of gcc-10. You can try to modify the <code>Makefile</code> in test folder, adding <code>-std=legacy</code> or <code>-fallow-argument-mismatch</code> to the flags.</p> <p>Here are more information:</p> <ul> <li>GitHub: Compilation error using gfortran-10?</li> <li>GitHub: Compilation error with GCC 10</li> </ul> <p>After edit, run <code>make</code> again and you'll see the test passed.</p> <p></p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/#3-build-hpl","title":"3. Build HPL","text":"<p>There are some difference between the experiment manual and <code>INSTALL</code> file, you should follow the manual. </p> <pre><code>cp setup/Make.Linux_PII_CBLAS Make.test\n</code></pre> <p>Edit some lines in <code>Make.test</code>:</p> <pre><code># diff from Make.test and Make.Linux_PII_CBLAS\n64c64\n&lt; ARCH         = test\n---\n&gt; ARCH         = Linux_PII_CBLAS\n84,86c84,86\n&lt; MPdir        =\n&lt; MPinc        = -I/usr/local/include\n&lt; MPlib        = /usr/local/lib/libmpi.so\n---\n&gt; MPdir        = /usr/local/mpi\n&gt; MPinc        = -I$(MPdir)/include\n&gt; MPlib        = $(MPdir)/lib/libmpich.a\n95,97c95,97\n&lt; LAdir        =\n&lt; LAinc        = #/home/bowling/CBLAS/include\n&lt; LAlib        = /usr/local/lib/libcblas.a /usr/local/lib/libblas.a /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/10/libgfortran.a /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/10/libquadmath.a /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.a\n---\n&gt; LAdir        = $(HOME)/netlib/ARCHIVES/Linux_PII\n&gt; LAinc        =\n&gt; LAlib        = $(LAdir)/libcblas.a $(LAdir)/libatlas.a\n169c169\n&lt; CC           = /usr/local/bin/mpicc\n---\n&gt; CC           = /usr/bin/gcc\n176c176\n&lt; LINKER       = $(CC)\n---\n&gt; LINKER       = /usr/bin/g77\n</code></pre> Error in linking <p>You may encounter the error message like this:</p> <p></p> <p>Search the web and you'll find the libs containing missing symbols. They are:</p> <ul> <li><code>/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gun/10/libgfortran.a</code></li> <li><code>/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gun/10/libquadmath.a</code></li> <li><code>/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gun/10/libm.a</code></li> </ul> <p>Searching for the missing library was hard, because it happens everywhere. Solutions to others may not take effect on you.</p> <p>I'm still wondering why these libraries were not linked automatically, they are in the default <code>PATH</code>.</p> <p>After make, you'll get the binary file <code>xhpl</code> in the folder <code>bin/test</code>.</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/#4-configuring-network-and-ssh","title":"4. Configuring network and SSH","text":"<p>To construct a cluster, we need to use NAT network to connect them together. The host cannot connect to virtual machine inside NAT network directly, but we can use port forwarding:</p> <p></p> <p>Now we can ssh into the <code>master</code> machine:</p> <pre><code>ssh -p 3022 bowling@localhost\n</code></pre> <p></p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/#5-experiment","title":"5. Experiment","text":"Error: cannot open file HPL.dat <p>You may encounter error like this:</p> <p></p> <p>Refer to this issue:</p> <ul> <li>HPL Segmentation Fault</li> </ul> <p>Final result:</p> <p></p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/#bonus-docker","title":"Bonus: Docker","text":"<p>Using docker, we can skip the process of building everything. We only need to configure SSH connection and write <code>HPL.dat</code>, then enjoy. DOCKERS ARE AWESOME.</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/#find-docker","title":"Find docker","text":"<p>I use the docker from ashael/hpl - Docker Image | Docker Hub, which contains configured <code>hpl-2.2</code>.</p> <p>Here I've opened 4 containers from the same image:</p> <p></p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/#setting-up-connection","title":"Setting up connection","text":"<p>Dockers are connected within a bridge by default.</p> <p></p> <p>Attach to each of them and get their ip address:</p> <p></p> <p>Select the host of <code>172.17.0.5</code> as master, <code>172.17.0.4</code>-<code>172.17.0.2</code> as slaves.</p> <p>In master:</p> <pre><code>ssh-keygen\ncat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub\n</code></pre> <p>In slaves:</p> <pre><code>mkdir /var/run/sshd\nvim /etc/ssh/sshd_config\n</code></pre> <p>find these lines:</p> <pre><code>#ListenAddress ::\n#ListenAddress 0.0.0.0\n#AuthorizedKeyFile %h/.ssh/authorized_keys\n</code></pre> <p>uncomment them and save.</p> <p>Then add master's public key to <code>authorized_keys</code> and start <code>sshd</code>.</p> <p></p> <p>Succeeded.</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/#execute-experiment","title":"Execute experiment","text":"<p>I found the computing speed in dockers is much faster then clusters. DOCKERS ARE EXTREMELY AWESOME.</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/#related-links","title":"Related links","text":"<ul> <li>45gfg9's Note</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lec1/","title":"Lecture 1~2","text":""},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lec1/#lec-1-introduction-to-hpc","title":"Lec 1 Introduction to HPC","text":"<p>Date: 2023/07/03</p> <ul> <li>Introduction to course<ul> <li>Scores:<ul> <li>Class: 10%</li> <li>Labs: 65%</li> <li>Teamwork: 25%</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li>Introduction to ZJUSCT</li> <li>Basic knowledge of computers:<ul> <li>System</li> <li>Network</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>Contents in this lecture can be found in FOCS.</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lec1/#lec-2-computer-systems","title":"Lec 2 Computer Systems","text":"<p>Date: 2023/07/04</p> <p>Based on CMU 15-213 15-418</p> <p>Contents are:</p> <ul> <li>ISA x86</li> <li>Processor Architecture</li> <li>Memory Hierarchy</li> <li>Concurrency Basics</li> </ul> <p>Mainly discussed in CSAPP.</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lec1/#lec-3","title":"Lec 3","text":""},{"location":"misc/","title":"\u6742\u9879","text":"<p>\u5b58\u653e\u4e00\u4e9b\u65e0\u6cd5\u5f52\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u5206\u533a\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6211\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41</li> </ul>"},{"location":"misc/RemoteDesktop/","title":"\u8fdc\u7a0b\u684c\u9762\u6559\u7a0b","text":"<p>\u6458\u8981</p> <p>\u4f60\u662f\u5426\u4e5f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u592a\u5927\u592a\u91cd\u800c\u4e0d\u60f3\u628a\u5b83\u80cc\u53bb\u6559\u5ba4\uff1f\u8eab\u8fb9\u7684\u5e73\u677f\u56e0\u529f\u80fd\u4e0d\u5982\u7535\u8111\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u7528\u6b66\u4e4b\u5730\uff1f\u4e0d\u59a8\u8bd5\u8bd5\u628a\u7535\u8111\u653e\u5728\u5bbf\u820d\uff0c\u5e73\u677f\u8fdc\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u643a\u5e26\u8f7b\u8584\u7684\u5e73\u677f\u5c31\u597d\u5566~</p> <p>\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u5199\u7684\u5f88\u8be6\u7ec6\uff0c\u7535\u8111\u5c0f\u767d\u53ea\u8981\u7167\u7740\u505a\u5e94\u8be5\u4e5f\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\uff01</p>"},{"location":"misc/RemoteDesktop/#_2","title":"\u51c6\u5907","text":"<p>\u51c6\u5907 Windows \u4e13\u4e1a\u7248</p> <p>\u8bf7\u5148\u786e\u8ba4\u81ea\u5df1\u7684 Windows \u7248\u672c\u4e3a\u4e13\u4e1a\u7248\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3a\u5bb6\u5ead\u7248\uff0c\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u88ab\u8fdc\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u53ea\u6709 Windows \u4e13\u4e1a\u7248\u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7248\u672c\u652f\u6301\u88ab\u8fdc\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5728\u201c\u6253\u5f00\u8fdc\u7a0b\u684c\u9762\u201d\u6b65\u9aa4\u53d1\u73b0\u6ca1\u6709\u8fdc\u7a0b\u684c\u9762\u7a97\u683c\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u4f60\u7684 Windows \u7248\u672c\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u88ab\u8fdc\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7535\u8111\u7aef\uff1a\u653e\u5728\u5bbf\u820d\uff0c\u8fde\u4e0a\u6709\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc\uff08\u5efa\u8bae\uff09\u6216\u8005 <code>ZJUWLAN-Secure</code>\u3002</li> <li>\u79fb\u52a8\u7aef<ul> <li>\u5b89\u88c5 <code>Microsoft Remote Desktop</code>\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5fae\u8f6f\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u8fdc\u7a0b\u684c\u9762\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4f53\u9a8c\u6700\u597d\u3002</li> <li>\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u8fde\u63a5\u4e86\u84dd\u7259\u952e\u9f20\u7684\u5e73\u677f\uff0c\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002\u89e6\u63a7\u7b14\u4e5f\u53ef\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul>"},{"location":"misc/RemoteDesktop/#_3","title":"\u7535\u8111\u7aef\u8bbe\u7f6e","text":"<p>Quote</p> <p>\u53c2\u8003 98 \u5e16\u5b50\uff1a\u6821\u5916\u4f7f\u7528rvpn\u8fde\u63a5\u5185\u7f51Windows 10\u7535\u8111</p> <ul> <li>\u6253\u5f00\u8fdc\u7a0b\u684c\u9762\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u6309 Win+R\uff0c\u8f93\u5165 <code>SystemPropertiesRemote.exe</code>\uff0c\u6253\u5f00\u8fdc\u7a0b\u684c\u9762\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff1a</li> </ul> <p></p> <ul> <li>\u4ee5\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00 <code>PowerShell</code>\uff1a\u641c\u7d22\u6846\u8f93\u5165 <code>Windows PowerShell</code>\uff0c\u53f3\u952e\uff0c\u4ee5\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u8eab\u4efd\u8fd0\u884c\u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> <ul> <li> <p>\u66f4\u6539\u8fdc\u7a0b\u684c\u9762\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\uff1a\u9010\u884c\u8f93\u5165\u5e76\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06 <code>3390</code> \u66f4\u6539\u4e3a\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6570\u503c\uff08\u5efa\u8bae\u4e3a <code>65535</code> \u4ee5\u5185\u7684\u4e94\u4f4d\u6570\uff09\u3002</p> <pre><code>$portvalue = 3390\nSet-ItemProperty -Path 'HKLM:\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Terminal Server\\WinStations\\RDP-Tcp' -name \"PortNumber\" -Value $portvalue \nNew-NetFirewallRule -DisplayName 'RDPPORTLatest-TCP-In' -Profile 'Public' -Direction Inbound -Action Allow -Protocol TCP -LocalPort $portvalue \nNew-NetFirewallRule -DisplayName 'RDPPORTLatest-UDP-In' -Profile 'Public' -Direction Inbound -Action Allow -Protocol UDP -LocalPort $portvalue \n</code></pre> </li> </ul> <p></p> <ul> <li>\u83b7\u53d6\u7535\u8111\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\uff1a\u5728\u8bbe\u7f6e-\u7f51\u7edc-\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\uff08\u6709\u7ebf\uff09\u6216 WLAN \u9875\u9762\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u7684 IPv6 \u5730\u5740\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0b\u6765\u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> \u6280\u672f\u7ec6\u8282 <ul> <li>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u66f4\u6539\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\uff1f</li> </ul> <p>\u51fa\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u5b66\u6821\u5c4f\u853d\u4e86\u8fdc\u7a0b\u684c\u9762\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u6539\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f7f\u7528 IPv6 \u5730\u5740\uff1f</li> </ul> <p>\u5728\u6821\u56ed\u5185\u7f51\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u5b50\u7f51\u6bb5\u7684 IPv4 \u5730\u5740\u5e38\u5e38\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e92\u8fde\u3002\u4f46 IPv6 \u5730\u5740\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u6821\u7f51\u73af\u5883\u6709\u5173\u3002\u6b64\u5916 IPv6 \u5730\u5740\u7684\u79df\u671f\u4f3c\u4e4e\u66f4\u957f\uff0c\u66f4\u52a0\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002</p> <p>\u7535\u8111\u7aef\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6210\u3002</p>"},{"location":"misc/RemoteDesktop/#_4","title":"\u79fb\u52a8\u7aef\u8bbe\u7f6e","text":"<p>\u4ee5\u5b89\u5353\u5e73\u677f\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u82f9\u679c\u8bbe\u5907\u540c\u7406\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6253\u5f00 <code>Remote Desktop</code> \u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u70b9\u51fb\u53f3\u4e0a\u89d2\u7684 <code>+</code> \u53f7\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e3b\u673a\u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> <ul> <li>\u586b\u5165 IPv6 \u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\uff0c\u5982\uff1a<code>[xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx]:12345</code>\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff1aIPv6 \u5730\u5740\u7528\u4e2d\u62ec\u53f7\u62ec\u8d77\u6765\u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> <ul> <li>\u6dfb\u52a0\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5fae\u8f6f\u8d26\u6237\uff08\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u7535\u8111\u767b\u5f55\u4e86\u5fae\u8f6f\u8d26\u6237\uff09\u6216\u672c\u5730\u8d26\u6237\uff08\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u5fae\u8f6f\u8d26\u6237\uff09\u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> <ul> <li>\u4e0b\u62c9\u9009\u62e9\u9700\u8981\u4e0e\u7535\u8111\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5f00\u542f\u526a\u8d34\u677f\u5171\u4eab\u5373\u53ef\uff08\u5728\u7535\u8111\u548c\u5e73\u677f\u4e4b\u95f4\u5171\u4eab\u526a\u8d34\u677f\uff09\u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> <ul> <li>\u70b9\u51fb\u4fdd\u5b58\u3002</li> <li>\u70b9\u51fb\u521a\u521a\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u521d\u6b21\u8fde\u63a5\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f39\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u8b66\u544a\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u52fe\u9009\u4e0d\u518d\u63d0\u9192\u5e76\u786e\u8ba4\u5373\u53ef\u3002</li> <li>\u4eab\u53d7\u8fdc\u7a0b\u684c\u9762\u4f53\u9a8c\u5427\uff01</li> </ul> <p></p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u79fb\u52a8\u7aef\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7535\u8111\u7aef IPv6 \u5730\u5740\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u66f4\u6539\u5730\u5740\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p>"},{"location":"misc/RemoteDesktop/#_5","title":"\u4f7f\u7528\u4f53\u9a8c","text":"<p>\u6821\u56ed\u5185\u7f51\u5e76\u4e0d\u9650\u5236\u5e26\u5bbd\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4f7f\u7528\u4f53\u9a8c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e0d\u9519\u3002\u7b14\u8005\u5728\u7389\u6cc9\u4f7f\u7528\u6709\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u53f0\u5f0f\u673a\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u5728\u53e4\u7c4d\u9986\u3001\u6ee1\u4eba\u7684\u94f6\u6cc9\u9910\u5385\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u5728\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u4e3a 2560*1600 \u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4ecd\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u548c\u5361\u987f\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6d41\u7545\u529e\u516c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u8499\u6c11\u4f1f\u697c\u7b49\u4e0d\u652f\u6301 WiFi6 \u7684\u573a\u6240\uff0c\u4eba\u6570\u8f83\u591a\u65f6\u6781\u4e3a\u5361\u987f\u3002</p> <p>\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u6700\u5173\u4e4e\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u4e8e\u5e73\u677f\u7aef\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\uff1a\u952e\u76d8\u548c\u9f20\u6807\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f53\u79ef\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5e73\u677f\u7684\u952e\u76d8\u952e\u4f4d\u4e0d\u5168\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e60\u60ef\u4f7f\u7528\u5168\u5c3a\u5bf8\u952e\u76d8\u548c\u5404\u79cd\u5feb\u6377\u952e\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u592a\u53cb\u597d\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u534e\u4e3a Matepad11 \u7684\u952e\u76d8\u53f3\u4fa7 Ctrl \u548c Shift \u662f\u7f3a\u5931\u7684\uff0c\u6309\u5982 Ctrl+` \u8fd9\u7c7b\u5feb\u6377\u952e\u65f6\u5f88\u4e0d\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u952e\u76d8\u5e76\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u8f93\u5165\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7535\u8111\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5148\u7ecf\u8fc7\u534e\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\u6cd5\u518d\u88ab\u53d1\u9001\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8f93\u5165 Ctrl+` \u65f6\u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u5207\u6362\u5230\u82f1\u6587\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u561b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5de5\u4f5c\u5982 Word\uff0cPPT \u90a3\u4e48\u4f7f\u7528\u4f53\u9a8c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u5dee\u522b\u3002</p>"},{"location":"misc/blog/","title":"\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f7f\u7528\u7ecf\u9a8c","text":""},{"location":"misc/blog/#_2","title":"\u642d\u5efa\u56fe\u5e8a","text":"<p>\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599</p> <ul> <li>CSDN\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u642d\u5efa\u56fe\u5e8a + PicGo \u914d\u7f6e + Typora \u603b\u7ed3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"misc/workflow/","title":"\u6211\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41","text":"<p>\u6458\u8981</p> <p>\u672c\u7bc7\u7b14\u8bb0\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u6211\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u6211\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u53c2\u8003\u5efa\u8bae\u3002</p>"},{"location":"misc/workflow/#_2","title":"\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u8bbe\u5907","text":"\u8bbe\u5907\u5e76\u975e\u8d8a\u591a\u8d8a\u597d <p>\u4e00\u53f0\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u6210\u672c\u5e76\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u8d2d\u4e70\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u5b66\u4e60\u6210\u672c\u3001\u7ef4\u62a4\u6210\u672c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u6210\u672c\u7b49\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6709\u591a\u53f0\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5728\u591a\u53f0\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u3001\u540c\u6b65\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u7ef4\u62a4\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u6210\u672c\u3002\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u6743\u8861\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u591a\u53f0\u8bbe\u5907\u3002</p> <p>\u5207\u8bb0\uff1a\u4e0d\u8981\u521b\u9020\u9700\u6c42\u3002</p> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u5b66\u751f\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cWindows \u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\u5404\u79cd\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u652f\u6491\u3002\u5927\u5bb6\u4e00\u822c\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9 Windows \u6e38\u620f\u672c\uff08Windows \u8f7b\u8584\u672c\u76ee\u524d\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u505a\u5230\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u4fbf\u643a\u6027\u517c\u5907\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u539a\u91cd\u7684\u6e38\u620f\u672c\u5e76\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u5916\u5e26\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u90e8\u5206\u540c\u5b66\u4f1a\u518d\u8d2d\u4e70\u4e00\u53f0 MacBook Air \u7528\u4e8e\u65e5\u5e38\u5916\u51fa\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u5e73\u677f\u7528\u5904\u5e76\u4e0d\u5927\uff0c\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u770b\u4e66\u548c\u624b\u5199\u7b14\u8bb0\uff08\u6570\u7406\u5316\u7b49\u5b66\u79d1\uff09\uff0c\u8bf7\u8003\u8651\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u614e\u91cd\u9009\u914d\u3002</p> \u6211\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u642d\u914d\uff1a\u53f0\u5f0f\u673a+\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c+\u5e73\u677f <ul> <li>\u53f0\u5f0f\u673a\uff1a<ul> <li>\u5b89\u88c5 Windows \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u3002</li> <li>\u5b89\u88c5 Ubuntu \u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f85\u52a9\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5b66\u4e60\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002</li> <li>\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u5757 exFAT \u683c\u5f0f\u786c\u76d8\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362\u76d8\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d8\u4e0a\u53ea\u5b58\u653e\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u5728\u6570\u636e\u76d8\u4e0a\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e24\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de5\u4f5c\u72b6\u6001\u4e00\u81f4\u3002</li> <li>\u901a\u8fc7\u8fdc\u7a0b\u684c\u9762\uff0c\u968f\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002</li> <li>\u53cc\u5c4f\u5e55\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>MacBook Air M2 (8+256)\uff1a\u65e5\u5e38\u5916\u5e26\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</li> <li>XiaoMi Book Pro 15'6 (2018)\uff1a\u5907\u7528\u673a\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86 Windows \u7cfb\u7edf\u548c Ubuntu \u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e macOS \u65e0\u6cd5\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u73af\u5883\u3002</li> <li>MatePad\uff1a\u65e5\u5e38\u5916\u5e26\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u9605\u8bfb\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u51fa\u95e8\u65f6\u643a\u5e26 MacBook Air \u548c MatePad\uff0c\u56de\u5bbf\u820d\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u53f0\u5f0f\u673a\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u540c\u6b65\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5728\u8bbe\u5907\u95f4\u65e0\u7f1d\u540c\u6b65\u6587\u6863\u3001\u7b14\u8bb0\u7b49\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u6d41\u7545\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002</p> \u5176\u4ed6\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5 <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u6211\u89c1\u8fc7\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u642d\u914d\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>Windows \u672c + MacBook\uff1a\u4e2a\u4eba\u6bd4\u8f83\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002</li> <li>Windows \u672c + Pad\uff1a\u8fdc\u7a0b\u684c\u9762\u53ef\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u57fa\u672c\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u4f53\u9a8c\u5e76\u4e0d\u8212\u9002\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u4f9d\u8d56\u7f51\u7edc\u3002</li> <li>\u53ea\u7528\u4e00\u53f0\u9ad8\u914d MacBook Pro\uff1a\u80af\u5b9a\u8981\u88c5 Windows \u865a\u62df\u673a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e9b\u6298\u817e\u3002</li> <li>Linux \u7b14\u8bb0\u672c + Linux ITX \u4e3b\u673a\uff1a\u9002\u5408\u6781\u5ba2\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u98ce\u9669\u6781\u5927\uff0c\u6211\u89c1\u8fc7\u6709\u540c\u5b66\u8003\u8bd5\u5468\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u5168\u6302\u4e86\uff08ArchLinux\uff09\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"misc/workflow/#_3","title":"\u6784\u5efa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u7cfb\u7edf","text":"<p>\u505a\u7b14\u8bb0\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5</p> <p>\u5728\u7740\u624b\u6784\u5efa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u7cfb\u7edf\u524d\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u601d\u8003\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1a</p> <ol> <li>\u6211\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u4e60\u60ef\u548c\u601d\u7ef4\u662f\u600e\u6837\u7684\uff1f</li> <li>\u6211\u505a\u7b14\u8bb0\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f</li> </ol> <p>\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u6784\u5efa\u7b14\u8bb0\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u4ee5\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff1a</p> <ol> <li>\u6211\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5b66\u79d1\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u4f7f\u7528 Markdown \u683c\u5f0f\u505a\u7b14\u8bb0\u3002\u5b83\u5b66\u4e60\u6210\u672c\u4f4e\uff0c\u6392\u7248\u6548\u679c\u7f8e\u89c2\u3002</li> <li>\u6211\u4e60\u60ef\u4e8e\u7ebf\u6027\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u601d\u7ef4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u7528 VSCode \u8f85\u4ee5 Typora \u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b14\u8bb0\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u6309\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u5bf9\u7b14\u8bb0\u5206\u7c7b\u3002</li> <li>\u6211\u505a\u7b14\u8bb0\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u9664\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u81ea\u5df1\u9057\u5fd8\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u548c\u4ed6\u4eba\u4ea4\u6d41\u3002\u6211\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u5e94\u5f53\u6613\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4eba\u9605\u8bfb\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u7528 Mkdocs \u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b14\u8bb0\u53d1\u5e03\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u7531\u5b83\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6587\u6863\u7f8e\u89c2\u6613\u8bfb\uff0c\u53ef\u5b9a\u5236\u7a0b\u5ea6\u9ad8\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u6211\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e5f\u5c06\u9488\u5bf9\u6211\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u76ee\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\u4f18\u5316\u3002</p> \u6d45\u8c08 Obsidian \u4f7f\u7528\u4f53\u9a8c <p>\u6211\u66fe\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u7684 Obsidian\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u4e0d\u9519\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u601d\u7ef4\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u65b0\u9896\uff0c\u5404\u7c7b\u63d2\u4ef6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5b9a\u5236\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f46\u6700\u7ec8\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u575a\u6301\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4f7f\u5f97\u6211\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u8fc7\u4e8e\u788e\u7247\u5316\u3002\u81f3\u5c11\u76ee\u524d\u5728\u672c\u79d1\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8f83\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u66f4\u52a0\u4e60\u60ef\u4e8e\u7ebf\u6027\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u6784\u5efa\u7ebf\u6027\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u800c Obsidian \u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u601d\u7ef4\u66f4\u52a0\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u788e\u7247\u5316\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8bfb\u4e66\u7b14\u8bb0\u3001\u7075\u611f\u8bb0\u5f55\u7b49\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6211\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u6765\u8bf4\u53cd\u800c\u4f1a\u6253\u4e71\u601d\u7ef4\u3002</p>"},{"location":"misc/workflow/#_4","title":"\u7b14\u8bb0\u8f6f\u4ef6","text":"<p>\u6211\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u57fa\u4e8e Markdown\u3002\u9009\u62e9 Markdown \u505a\u7b14\u8bb0\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u5f88\u591a\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u5e7f\u6cdb\u652f\u6301\uff1a\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u90fd\u652f\u6301 Markdown\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 GitHub \u4e0a\u76f4\u63a5\u663e\u793a\u3002</li> <li>\u7b80\u6d01\u6613\u7528\uff1aMarkdown \u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u61c2\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u6210\u672c\u4f4e\uff0c\u6392\u7248\u6548\u679c\u7f8e\u89c2\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u4e0d\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e Markdown \u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u8f6f\u4ef6 \ud83d\ude45</p> \u4e0d\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u7b14\u8bb0\u8f6f\u4ef6 <p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e Markdown \u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6700\u597d\u53ea\u4f7f\u7528 Markdown \u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5\u3002</p> <p>\u6211\u66fe\u7ecf\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528 Typora\u3001Obsidian\u3001VSCode \u4f5c\u4e3a\u6587\u6863\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff0cMkdocs \u4f5c\u4e3a\u53d1\u5e03\u5de5\u5177\u3002Mkdocs \u548c Obsidian \u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u529f\u80fd\u6700\u591a\u7684\u4e24\u79cd Markdown \u6269\u5c55\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e92\u76f8\u517c\u5bb9\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86 Obsidian Github Publisher\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u81ea\u52a8\u5c06 Obsidian \u5e93\u53d1\u5e03\u4e3a Mkdocs\uff0c\u4f46\u4f7f\u7528\u4f53\u9a8c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u8fbe\u5230\u4ee4\u6211\u6ee1\u610f\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528 Mkdocs admonition \u7684\u5c55\u5f00\u548c\u6298\u53e0\u3002</p> <p>\u5bf9\u6211\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7b14\u8bb0\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u7528\u5904\u5c31\u662f\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u5171\u4eab\u3001\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 Mkdocs \u7684\u529f\u80fd\u8fdc\u6bd4 Obsidian \u7684\u529f\u80fd\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u6700\u540e\u6211\u653e\u5f03\u4e86 Obsidian \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u529b\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 VSCode \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u529b\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0 Mkdocs \u7684\u7528\u6237\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u65b9\u4fbf\u7f16\u8f91\u3002</p> <p>\u76ee\u524d\u6211\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u53ca\u5176\u529f\u80fd\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>VSCode\uff1a\u4e3b\u529b\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff0c\u7f16\u8f91\u7eaf\u6587\u672c\u4f53\u9a8c\u4e0d\u8f93\u5176\u4ed6\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u3002\u4e0d\u8db3\u5c31\u662f\u8fdb\u884c\u56fe\u7247\u63d2\u5165\u3001\u8868\u683c\u7f16\u8f91\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u5e76\u4e0d\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002</li> <li>Typora\uff1a\u8f85\u52a9\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff0c\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u597d\u7684\u7eaf Markdown \u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4efb\u4f55\u989d\u5916\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u7528\u5b83\u80fd\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u4f60\u5199\u4f5c\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002\u4f60\u80fd\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u7f16\u8f91\u8868\u683c\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u56fe\u7247\u3001\u5bfc\u51fa\u6210\u4f18\u7f8e\u7684 PDF \u6587\u6863\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u6269\u5c55\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e5f\u6b63\u662f\u5b83\u6210\u4e3a\u6700\u597d Markdown \u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u62a5\u544a\u7b49\u6587\u6863\u6211\u90fd\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528 Typora \u64b0\u5199\u5e76\u5bfc\u51fa\u3002</li> <li>Obsidian\uff1a\u7b14\u8bb0\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u79fb\u52a8\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\uff0cObsidian \u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u4f53\u9a8c\u6700\u597d\u7684 Markdown \u7b14\u8bb0\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u3002</li> <li>Mkdocs\uff1a\u7b14\u8bb0\u53d1\u5e03\u5668\u3002</li> </ul> Mkdocs \u7684\u6269\u5c55\u8bed\u6cd5 <p>\u6211\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528 Mkdocs \u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6269\u5c55\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>Admonition\uff1a\u8b66\u544a\u3001\u6ce8\u610f\u3001\u63d0\u793a\u7b49\u3002</li> <li>Code Blocks\uff1a\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u3002<ul> <li>\u5f00\u542f\u4ee3\u7801\u590d\u5236\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u5728 <code>mkdocs.yaml</code> \u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0      <pre><code>theme:\nfeatures:\n- content.code.copy\n</code></pre></li> <li>\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u6807\u9898\uff1a<code>title=\"\u6807\u9898\"</code></li> <li>\u884c\u6570\u548c\u9ad8\u4eae\uff1a<code>linenums=\"1\", hl_lines=\"2 3\"</code>\u3002\u884c\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u4ece 1 \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4f46\u9ad8\u4eae\u884c\u4ece 1 \u5f00\u59cb\u8ba1\u6570\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d0\u4f9b\u6211\u5728 VSCode \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\uff1a</p> snippets markdown.json<pre><code>\"mkdocs-admonition\": {\n\"prefix\": \"mk-admonition\",\n\"body\": [\n\"&lt;!-- prettier-ignore-start --&gt;\",\n\"${1|!!!,???,???+|} ${2|note,abstract,info,tip,success,question,warning,failure,danger,bug,example,quote|} \\\"${3:title}\\\"\",\n\"\",\n\"    ${4:text}\",\n\"&lt;!-- prettier-ignore-end --&gt;\"\n],\n\"description\": \"mkdocs-admonition\",\n},\n\"mkdocs-codeblock\": {\n\"prefix\": \"mk-codeblock\",\n\"body\": [\n\"```${1:format}${2: title=\\\"${3}\\\"}${4: linenums=\\\"${5:1}\\\"}${6: hl_lines=\\\"${7}\\\"}\",\n\"${8:code}\",\n\"```\"\n],\n\"description\": \"mkdocs-codeblock\"\n},\n\"mkdocs-tabs\": {\n\"prefix\": \"mk-tab\",\n\"body\": [\n\"&lt;!-- prettier-ignore-start --&gt;\",\n\"=== \\\"$1\\\"\",\n\"    $2\",\n\"=== \\\"$3\\\"\",\n\"    $4\",\n\"&lt;!-- prettier-ignore-end --&gt;\"\n],\n\"description\": \"mkdocs-tabs\"\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"misc/workflow/#_5","title":"\u7b14\u8bb0\u7ba1\u7406","text":"<p>\u6211\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a Obsidian \u4ed3\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u6240\u6709\u7b14\u8bb0\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d Mkdocs \u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a Git \u4ed3\u533a\u5d4c\u5957\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a Obsidian \u5e93\u4f7f\u7528\u540c\u6b65\u8f6f\u4ef6\u540c\u6b65\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u53bb\uff1a</p> <pre><code>ObsidianRepository\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 Mkdocs\n\u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 .git\n\u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 docs\n\u2502   \u2514\u2500\u2500 mkdocs.yml\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 weekly\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 Archive\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 Doing\n\u2514\u2500\u2500 .obsidian\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"misc/workflow/#_6","title":"\u56fe\u7247\u4e0e\u9644\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406","text":"<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e5f\u56f0\u6270\u4e86\u6211\u633a\u4e45\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u592a\u60f3\u628a\u56fe\u7247\u653e\u5728\u4ed3\u5e93\u91cc\uff0c\u611f\u89c9\u90a3\u6837\u4f1a\u6c61\u67d3 Git \u4ed3\u5e93\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u56fe\u5e8a\u3002\u5728\u56fe\u7247\u91cf\u4e0d\u591a\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u624b\u52a8\u628a\u56fe\u7247\u653e\u5230\u6211\u7684 CDN \u4e0a\uff0c\u7b49\u56fe\u7247\u91cf\u8f83\u5927\u65f6\u6211\u518d\u53bb\u5b66\u4e60\u5982\u4f55\u642d\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fe\u5e8a\u3002</p> \u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5 <ul> <li>xg\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u7684 <code>assets/images</code> \u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u5b58\u50a8\u56fe\u7247\uff0c\u56fe\u7247\u62e5\u6709\u5728 <code>docs</code> \u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002</li> <li>Isshiki\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7b14\u8bb0\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u9644\u4ef6\u548c\u7b14\u8bb0\u4e00\u8d77\u5b58\u5728\u91cc\u9762\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5c0f\u6280\u5de7</p> <ul> <li>\u4f7f\u7528 mkdocs-glightbox \u80fd\u591f\u589e\u5f3a\u56fe\u7247\u6d4f\u89c8\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"misc/workflow/#_7","title":"\u6587\u4ef6\u540c\u6b65","text":"<p>\u6211\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u5f88\u591a\uff1a\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u3001\u53f0\u5f0f\u673a\u3001\u624b\u673a\u3001\u5e73\u677f\u3002\u6211\u7684\u6587\u6863\u3001\u7b14\u8bb0\u3001\u4e66\u672c\u3001\u76f8\u7247\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u7b49\u8d44\u6e90\u9700\u8981\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bbe\u5907\u4e4b\u95f4\u540c\u6b65\uff0c\u968f\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u9605\uff0c\u5e76\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6d41\u7545\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002</p> <p>\u6211\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8de8\u8bbe\u5907\u540c\u6b65\u8f6f\u4ef6\u662f Syncthing\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u3001\u53bb\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5316\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540c\u6b65\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u4e4b\u95f4\u540c\u6b65\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002</p> <p>\u8de8\u7ec8\u7aef\u540c\u6b65\u6587\u4ef6\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u975e\u5e38\u591a\u9ebb\u70e6\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6765\u6e90\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u6bd4\u5982 macOS \u70e6\u4eba\u7684 <code>.DS_Store</code> \u6587\u4ef6\uff0cWindows \u7684 <code>Thumbs.db</code> \u6587\u4ef6\uff0cLinux \u7684 <code>.directory</code> \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5404\u79cd\u9690\u85cf\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u4f1a\u6c61\u67d3 Git \u4ed3\u5e93\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u540c\u6b65\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e0d\u5728\u610f\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u9020\u6210\u591a\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5728\u540c\u6b65\u4ee3\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u548c Git \u4ed3\u5e93\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u975e\u5e38\u591a\u7684\u56f0\u6270\u3002</p>"},{"location":"misc/workflow/#syncthing-git","title":"\u4f7f\u7528 Syncthing \u540c\u6b65 Git \u4ed3\u5e93","text":"<p>\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u4ea7\u751f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u4ea7\u751f\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u65e0\u7528\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u4e24\u90e8\u64cd\u4f5c\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u7684\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u90fd\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a <code>LF</code>\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 EditorConfig \u63d2\u4ef6\u6765\u7edf\u4e00\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u7684\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u5b83\u5df2\u7ecf\u652f\u6301\u4e86\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u548c IDE\u3002</p> .editorconfig<pre><code># Unix-style newlines with a newline ending every file\n[*]\nend_of_line = lf\ncharset = utf-8\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>\u5728 Git \u4ed3\u5e93\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0 <code>.gitattributes</code> \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u4e3a <code>LF</code>\u3002</li> </ul> .gitattributes<pre><code>* text eol=lf\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"tags/","title":"\u6807\u7b7e","text":"<p>\u672c\u9875\u9762\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u9875\u9762\u63d0\u4f9b\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4efb\u52a1\u770b\u677f\u3002</p>"},{"location":"tags/#ongoing","title":"Ongoing","text":"<ul> <li>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\uff1a\u81ea\u9876\u5411\u4e0b\u65b9\u6cd5</li> <li>Linux \u5e94\u7528\u5927\u5168\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u67b6\u8bbe</li> <li>\u7cbe\u901a Git</li> <li>Ch2. \u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u8868\u793a\u548c\u5904\u7406</li> <li>Ch3. \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7ea7\u8868\u793a</li> <li>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\uff08\u7b2c\u56db\u7248\uff09</li> <li>Appendix E: Boolen Algebra and Logic Circuits</li> <li>Ch. 1-4 Intro, Number, Data and Operation</li> <li>Ch9. Programming Language</li> <li>Lecture 02: Bits, Bytes, and Ints; Floating Point</li> <li>HTML \u57fa\u7840</li> </ul>"},{"location":"tags/#todo","title":"Todo","text":"<ul> <li>Python \u7f16\u7a0b\uff1a\u4ece\u5165\u95e8\u5230\u5b9e\u8df5</li> <li>\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6</li> </ul>"},{"location":"tags/#doing","title":"doing","text":"<ul> <li>\u7c7b\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406</li> </ul>"},{"location":"tags/#todo_1","title":"todo","text":"<ul> <li>\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5</li> <li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b</li> </ul>"}]}
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+{"config":{"lang":["en"],"separator":"[\\s\\-]+","pipeline":["stopWordFilter"]},"docs":[{"location":"","title":"\ud83c\udfb3Bowling's TechStack","text":"<p>\u79c1\u3001\u30a2\u30a4\u30c9\u30eb\u5ba3\u8a00</p> <p>     \u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u662f\u70ed\u7231\uff0c\u5199\u5230\u4e16\u754c\u5145\u6ee1\u7231\uff01 </p>"},{"location":"#_1","title":"\u7b80\u4ecb","text":"<p>\u8fd9\u662f Bowling \u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c \ud83d\udcd3\u3002\u6211\u60f3\u7b80\u8981\u8bb0\u5f55\u81ea\u5df1\u5b66\u8fc7\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3001\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u642d\u5efa\u8d77\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6808\u3002</p> <p>\u91cd\u6784\u4e2d</p> <p>\u76ee\u524d\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u6b63\u5728\u91cd\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7b14\u8bb0\u5904\u4e8e\u5f52\u6863\u6574\u7406\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6682\u4e0d\u53ef\u89c1\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u539f\u6709\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u4e5f\u4e0d\u518d\u53ef\u7528\u3002\u9884\u8ba1\u672c\u5b66\u671f\u5185\u5b8c\u6210\u91cd\u6784\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5173\u4e8e\u76ee\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605 Project \u9875\u9762\u3002</li> <li>\u5173\u4e8e\u6574\u4e2a\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605 Stack \u6280\u672f\u6808\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u521d\u8877</p> <p>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u6280\u80fd\u7eb7\u7e41\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fed\u4ee3\u5f88\u5feb\u3002\u6211\u5e38\u5e38\u9762\u4e34\u5b66\u4e60\u5b8c\u4e00\u9879\u6280\u672f\u540e\uff0c\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u6ca1\u590d\u4e60\u5c31\u5fd8\u6389\u7684\u7a98\u5883\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u4e4b\u524d\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u5f88\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7b14\u8bb0\u8981\u4e48\u7834\u788e\u3001\u6df7\u4e71\u800c\u96be\u4ee5\u9605\u8bfb\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u9057\u5931\u4e86\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u6211\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u6309\u7167\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\uff0c\u6574\u7406\u5f52\u7c7b\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u4f7f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u6280\u80fd\u4f53\u7cfb\u5316\u3002</p>"},{"location":"#_2","title":"\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<p>\u76ee\u524d\u4f9d\u7136\u89c9\u5f97\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u5f88\u4e71\uff0c\u6682\u4e14\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u4e3b\u9875<ul> <li>\u53cb\u94fe\uff1a\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\uff0c\u90fd\u597d\u5389\u5bb3\uff01</li> <li>\u9879\u76ee\uff1a\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u9879\u76ee</li> <li>\u6280\u672f\u6808\uff1a\u4ee5\u6280\u672f\u6811\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u7d22\u5f15\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9</li> <li>\u6807\u7b7e\uff1a\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u6765\u7d22\u5f15\u6b63\u5728\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u9875\u9762</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u6821\u5185 CS \u8bfe\u7a0b\uff1a\u6d59\u6c5f\u5927\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4f5c\u4e1a\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002<ul> <li>C \u8bed\u8a00\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1</li> <li>\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u57fa\u7840</li> <li>\u6570\u5b57\u903b\u8f91\u8bbe\u8ba1</li> <li>HPC101</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u6821\u5916\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff1a\u4e3b\u8981\u4e3a\u56fd\u5916\u8457\u540d\u5927\u5b66\u7684 CS \u8bfe\u7a0b<ul> <li>CMU 15-213 \u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u5176\u4ed6\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff1a\u6d59\u6c5f\u5927\u5b66\u5176\u4ed6\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u3002<ul> <li>\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u57fa\u7840</li> <li>\u79bb\u6563\u6570\u5b66</li> <li>\u6982\u7387\u8bba\u4e0e\u6570\u7406\u7edf\u8ba1</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\uff1a\u8bfb\u8fc7\u7684\u4e66\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u3002</li> <li>\u6742\u9879\uff1a\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u653e\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"links/","title":"\u94fe\u63a5","text":"<p>\ud83d\udd17 \u94fe\u63a5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u795e\u5947\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u5c06\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e2d\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u94fe\u63a5\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u521b\u9020\u51fa\u65e0\u7a77\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u653e\u7f6e\u7684\u51fa\u7ad9\u94fe\u63a5\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7f51\u7ad9\u6210\u4e3a\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c06\u5e26\u6765\u4e00\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002</p> <p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u94fe\u63a5\u76ee\u524d\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u3002</p>"},{"location":"links/#_2","title":"\u6d59\u91cc\u7684\u524d\u8f88\u548c\u670b\u8f88\u4eec","text":"45gfg9 gg \u6d47\u7a9d \ud83d\ude0d \u6e90\u8679\u7ffc \u7ffc\u54e5\u888b\u888b\u7a9d \ud83e\udd7a sana sana\u9171 \ud83e\udd24 TH\u8ba0NK %%% \ud83d\ude1a TonyCrane / \u9e64\u7fd4\u4e07\u91cc xg \u6d47\u6b7b\u6211 \ud83e\udd24 Isshiki\u4fee \u4fee\u4f6c tql \ud83d\ude0d \u54b8\u9c7c\u6684 \u597d\u602a\u7684\u5b66\u957f \ud83e\udee8 \u91d1\u9c7c\u9a6c hls yyds\uff01\ud83e\udd70 yhwu-is wyyyyyyyyyds!\ud83d\ude18 HobbitQia \u634f\u634f\u5c0f Q \ud83d\ude0b"},{"location":"links/#_3","title":"\u9644\u4e2d\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u4eec","text":"Doubeecat zlgg \u592a\u5f3a\u60f9"},{"location":"links/#_4","title":"\u5176\u4ed6","text":"<p>\u975e\u5e38\u5389\u5bb3\u7684\u535a\u5ba2\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>NTU \u4e00\u4f4d\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u7b14\u8bb0<ul> <li>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u771f\u7684\u5f88\u5f3a\uff0c\u8986\u76d6\u4e86\u6211\u6240\u6709\u60f3\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6808\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul>"},{"location":"projects/","title":"\u9879\u76ee\u5217\u8868","text":"<p>\u65e5\u62f1\u4e00\u5352</p> <p>\u60f3\u8981\u771f\u6b63\u5730\u638c\u63e1\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5176\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u5f0f\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u6301\u4e45\u7684\u3002\u575a\u6301\u4ee5\u201c\u65e5\u62f1\u4e00\u5352\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u524d\u8fdb\u3002</p>"},{"location":"projects/#mit-web-development-crash-course","title":"MIT Web Development Crash Course","text":"<p>MIT \u5f00\u8bbe\u7684 Web \u5f00\u53d1\u901f\u6210\u8bfe\uff0c\u603b\u8ba1\u65f6\u957f\u4e24\u4e2a\u6708\u3002</p>"},{"location":"projects/#linux","title":"Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u67b6\u8bbe","text":"<p>\u7b14\u8bb0\u94fe\u63a5\uff1aLinuxServer</p>"},{"location":"projects/#latex","title":"\u5b8c\u5584 LaTeX \u7b14\u8bb0","text":"<p>\u6839\u636e Overleaf \u6559\u7a0b\u5b8c\u6574\u8fdb\u884c LaTeX \u5b66\u4e60\u3002</p> Date Done 5.9 \u6587\u6863\u7ed3\u6784-\u5206\u533a\u3001\u4ea4\u53c9\u5f15\u7528"},{"location":"projects/#_2","title":"\u91cd\u65b0\u6574\u7406\u300a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b\u7b14\u8bb0","text":"<p>\u300a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b\u5bf9\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5b66\u79d1\u603b\u4f53\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u8ff0\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u591a\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u5728\u6211\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u5b66\u751f\u5e94\u8be5\u5148\u5b66\u4e60\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u95e8\u5bfc\u8bba\u8bfe\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u5bf9\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3001\u7406\u89e3\u76f8\u5173\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8fdb\u884c\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8bed\u8a00\u7b49\u3002</p> <p>\u9879\u76ee\u8fdb\u5ea6\uff1a</p> Date Done 4.20 Ch 1-3"},{"location":"projects/#c","title":"C \u9677\u9631\u4e0e\u7f3a\u9677","text":"<p>\u7b14\u8bb0\u94fe\u63a5\uff1aCTP.md</p> Date Done 4.30 0-3.6"},{"location":"stack/","title":"\u6280\u672f\u6808","text":"<p>Info</p> <ul> <li>Developer Roadmaps</li> <li>Wikipedia: Computer Science</li> </ul> <p>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5b66\u79d1\u535a\u5927\u7cbe\u6df1\uff0c\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6808\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u6c99\u5b50\u9020\u8d77\uff0c\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u201c\u5168\u6808\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u201d\u3002\u80fd\u638c\u63e1\u5176\u95f4\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u975e\u5e38\u5389\u5bb3\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6280\u672f\u6808\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u6d45\u8584\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u7c7b\u5806\u653e\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u76ee\u6807\u3002</p> <p>Tip</p> <p> \u543e\u751f\u4e5f\u6709\u6daf\uff0c\u800c\u77e5\u4e5f\u65e0\u6daf\u3002\u4ee5\u6709\u6daf\u968f\u65e0\u6daf\uff0c\u6b86\u5df2\uff01\u5df2\u800c\u4e3a\u77e5\u8005\uff0c\u6b86\u800c\u5df2\u77e3\uff01 </p>"},{"location":"stack/#_2","title":"\u57fa\u7840","text":"<ul> <li> \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\uff08Fundations Of Computer Science\uff09<ul> <li>\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u5b66\u751f\u5e94\u8be5\u4e0a\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u95e8\u8bfe\uff0c\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u5c06\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul> \u6559\u7a0b <p>\u6559\u7a0b\u5e76\u4e0d\u5f52\u5728\u6280\u672f\u6808\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u61d2\u5f97\u5efa\u535a\u5ba2\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u89c9\u5f97\u6559\u7a0b\u4e5f\u4f1a\u9891\u7e41\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u5c31\u653e\u5728\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u60f9\u3002</p> <ul> <li>Windows \u8fdc\u7a0b\u684c\u9762\u6559\u7a0b</li> <li>\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7efc\u5408\u6559\u7a0b</li> <li>Linux \u4ece\u5c0f\u767d\u5230\u83dc\u9e21 \u6b63\u5728\u72ec\u7acb\u7684 GitHub \u4ed3\u5e93\u7f16\u5199\u4e2d</li> <li>Linux \u4ece\u83dc\u9e21\u5230\u4e13\u5bb6 \u6574\u7406\u4e2d</li> <li>Linux \u6df1\u5165\u6e90\u7801 \u7b49\u5f85\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d</li> </ul>"},{"location":"stack/#web","title":"Web \u5f00\u53d1","text":"<ul> <li> <p> \u7f51\u7edc\u6280\u672f\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd0\u7ef4</p> <ul> <li> HTTP</li> <li> TCP/IP</li> <li> Nginx</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p> \u524d\u7aef</p> <ul> <li> HTML</li> <li> CSS</li> <li> JavaScript</li> <li> React</li> </ul> </li> <li> \u540e\u7aef</li> </ul>"},{"location":"stack/#_3","title":"\u7406\u8bba\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66","text":"<ul> <li> \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u7b97\u6cd5</li> <li> \u8ba1\u7b97\u7406\u8bba</li> <li> \u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u4e0e\u7f16\u7801\u7406\u8bba</li> <li> \u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668</li> <li> \u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5</li> </ul>"},{"location":"stack/#_4","title":"\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf","text":"<ul> <li> \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5de5\u7a0b</li> <li> \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf</li> <li> \u5e76\u53d1\u3001\u5e76\u884c\u4e0e\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf</li> <li> \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc</li> <li> \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\u5b66</li> <li> \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u6570\u636e\u6316\u6398</li> </ul>"},{"location":"stack/#_5","title":"\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd","text":"<ul> <li> \u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u57fa\u7840\uff08\u57fa\u7840\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u3001\u6570\u5b66\u5206\u6790\uff09</li> </ul>"},{"location":"stack/#_6","title":"\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5e94\u7528\u6280\u672f","text":"<ul> <li> \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u56fe\u5f62\u5b66\u548c\u89c6\u89c9</li> <li> \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5de5\u7a0b</li> </ul>"},{"location":"tags/","title":"\u6807\u7b7e","text":"<p>\u672c\u9875\u9762\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u9875\u9762\u63d0\u4f9b\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4efb\u52a1\u770b\u677f\u3002</p>"},{"location":"tags/#ongoing","title":"Ongoing","text":"<ul> <li>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\uff1a\u81ea\u9876\u5411\u4e0b\u65b9\u6cd5</li> <li>Linux \u5e94\u7528\u5927\u5168\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u67b6\u8bbe</li> <li>\u7cbe\u901a Git</li> <li>Ch2. \u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u8868\u793a\u548c\u5904\u7406</li> <li>Ch3. \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7ea7\u8868\u793a</li> <li>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\uff08\u7b2c\u56db\u7248\uff09</li> <li>Appendix E: Boolen Algebra and Logic Circuits</li> <li>Ch. 1-4 Intro, Number, Data and Operation</li> <li>Ch9. Programming Language</li> <li>Lecture 02: Bits, Bytes, and Ints; Floating Point</li> <li>HTML \u57fa\u7840</li> </ul>"},{"location":"tags/#todo","title":"Todo","text":"<ul> <li>Python \u7f16\u7a0b\uff1a\u4ece\u5165\u95e8\u5230\u5b9e\u8df5</li> <li>\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6</li> </ul>"},{"location":"tags/#doing","title":"doing","text":"<ul> <li>\u7c7b\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406</li> </ul>"},{"location":"tags/#todo_1","title":"todo","text":"<ul> <li>\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5</li> <li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/","title":"\u56fe\u4e66\u9986","text":"<p>\u7535\u5b50\u56fe\u4e66\u9986</p> <p>\u6b22\u8fce\u53c2\u89c2\u6211\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\uff1alib.bowling233.top\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u4e3b\u8981\u5b58\u653e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5b66\u79d1\u4e66\u7c4d\u3002</p> <p>\u672c\u5206\u533a\u5b58\u653e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bfb\u4e66\u7b14\u8bb0\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/#_2","title":"\u5df2\u5b8c\u6210","text":"<ul> <li>Python \u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u57fa\u7840</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/#_3","title":"\u8fdb\u884c\u4e2d","text":"<ul> <li>\u5e76\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5bfc\u8bba</li> <li>C \u9677\u9631\u4e0e\u7f3a\u9677</li> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5\u7ade\u8d5b\u5165\u95e8\u7ecf\u5178</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/#_4","title":"\u6682\u505c\u4e2d","text":"<ul> <li>\u7cbe\u901a Git</li> <li>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/#_5","title":"\u8ba1\u5212\u9605\u8bfb","text":""},{"location":"books/AIPP/","title":"\u5e76\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5bfc\u8bba","text":"<p>An Introduction to Parallel Programming</p>"},{"location":"books/AIPP/#ch1-why-parallel-programming","title":"Ch1. Why Parallel Programming?","text":"<p>This chapter mainly describes the reasons for parallel programming, the development of parallel programming, and the basic concepts of parallel programming.</p> <ul> <li>Rather than building ever-faster, more complex, monolithic processors, the industry has decided to put multiple, relatively simple, complete processors on a single chip. Such integrated circuits are called multicore processors, and core has become synonymous with central processing unit, or CPU.</li> </ul> <p>Compute n values and add them together</p> <p>Method 1:</p> <ul> <li>I have \\(p\\) cores, so I will divide the work into \\(p\\) pieces. Each core can form a partial sum of approximately \\(n/p\\) values.</li> <li>They send their partial sums to a single core, which adds them together.</li> </ul> <p>Method 2:</p> <ul> <li>Instead of making the master core do all the work of computing the final sum, we can pair the cores so that while core 0 adds in the result of core 1, core 2 can add in the result of core 3, core 4 can add in the result of core 5 and so on.</li> </ul> <p>Compare:</p> <ul> <li>When \\(n\\) is large, method 2 is better. The first method require 999 receives and adds, while the second method requires only 10.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>Two approaches to parallel programming:<ul> <li>Task-parallelism</li> <li>Data-parallelism</li> <li>Explanaition: The first part of global sum example is task-parallelism, each core carries out roughtly the same oprations on its assigned elements. And the second part is data-parallelism, receiving and adding the cores' partial sums.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>Writing actual code for parallel programs is relatively complex.</p> <ul> <li>Communication: cores communicate with each other.</li> <li>Load balancing: the work is divided evenly among the cores.</li> <li>Synchronization: cores must wait for each other at certain points in the program.</li> </ul> <p>Things we will learn:</p> <ul> <li>Three different extensions to C:<ul> <li>OpenMP</li> <li>MPI</li> <li>Pthreads</li> </ul> </li> <li>Two main types of parallel systems:<ul> <li>Shared-memory systems<ul> <li>cores can share access to the computer\u2019s memory</li> </ul> </li> <li>Distributed-memory systems<ul> <li>each core has its own, private memory, and the cores must communicate explicitly by doing something like sending messages across a network</li> </ul> </li> <li>Pthreads and OpenMP were designed for programming shared-memory systems. They provide mechanisms for accessing shared-memory locations. MPI, on the other hand, was designed for programming distributed-memory systems. It provides mechanisms for sending messages.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>And we distinguish between three terms:</p> <ul> <li>Concurrent: a program is one in which multiple tasks can be in progress     at any instant.</li> <li>Parallel: a program is one in which multiple tasks cooperate closely     to solve a problem.</li> <li>Distributed: a program may need to cooperate with other programs     to solve a problem.</li> </ul> <p>A Word of Warning</p> <p>It may be tempting to write parallel programs \u201cby the seat of your pants,\u201d without taking the trouble to carefully design and incrementally develop your program. This will almost certainly be a mistake.</p> <p>Every parallel program contains at least one serial program. Since we almost always need to coordinate the actions of multiple cores, writing parallel programs is almost always more complex than writing a serial program that solves the same problem. In fact, it is often far more complex. All the rules about careful design and development are usually far more important for the writing of parallel programs than they are for serial programs.</p>"},{"location":"books/AIPP/#exercise-answers","title":"Exercise Answers","text":"1.3 Global sum <p>variables:</p> <ul> <li><code>core_nums</code>: number of cores</li> <li><code>core_index</code>: index of core</li> <li><code>divisor</code>: determine whether to send or receive data</li> <li><code>core_difference</code>: determine which core to cooperate with</li> </ul> round send core receive core divisor core_difference 1 1 = 0 + 1 0 = 0 * 2 2 1 2 2 = 0 + 2 0 = 0 * 4 4 2 3 4 = 0 + 4 0 = 0 * 8 8 4 pseduocode<pre><code>while divisor != core_num\n{\n    if(!core_index % divisor)\n        receive data from core_index + core_difference\n        sum together\n    else\n        send data to core_index - core_difference\n    divisor *= 2\n    core_difference *= 2\n}\n</code></pre> 1.4 Bitmask implementation pseduocode<pre><code>while bitmask != core_num\n{\n    if(!core_index % bitmask)\n        receive data from core_index ^ bitmask\n        sum together\n    else\n        send data to core_index ^ bitmask\n    bitmask &lt;&lt; 1\n}\n</code></pre> 1.5 Odd cores <p>Only need to modify condition of <code>while</code> loop and check number before receive data.</p> divisor versionbitmask version pseduocode<pre><code>while true\n{\n    if(!core_index % divisor)\n        receive data from core_index + core_difference\n        sum together\n    else\n        send data to core_index - core_difference\n\n\n    if(divisor &gt;= core_num) break;\n    divisor *= 2\n    core_difference *= 2\n}\n</code></pre> pseduocode<pre><code>while true\n{\n    if(!core_index % bitmask)\n        receive data from core_index ^ bitmask\n        sum together\n    else\n        send data to core_index ^ bitmask\n    if(bitmask &gt;= core_num)\n    bitmask &lt;&lt; 1\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"books/AIPP/#ch2-parallel-hardware-and-parallel-software","title":"Ch2. Parallel Hardware and Parallel Software","text":"<p>First time read</p> <p>I skipped these contents when I read this chapter for the first time:</p> <ul> <li>Modifications to the von Neumann Model</li> <li>SIMD Systems</li> <li>Interconnection Networks</li> </ul> <p>Notes for these contents can be seen in CSAPP.</p>"},{"location":"books/AIPP/#21-background","title":"2.1 Background","text":"<ul> <li>von Neumann architecture<ul> <li>What's the von Neumann bottleneck?</li> </ul> </li> <li>Concepts of processes, multitasking, and threads<ul> <li>From the perspective of the operating system, a process contains of what?<ul> <li>Executable code, block of memory (what's in it?), descriptor, security information, state.</li> </ul> </li> <li>Some terminology: block, fork, join</li> </ul> </li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/AIPP/#22-modifications-to-the-von-neumann-model","title":"2.2 Modifications to the von Neumann Model","text":"<ul> <li>Caching (CPU Cache)<ul> <li>Terminology:<ul> <li>spatial locality, temporal locality</li> <li>cache miss</li> <li>write-through, write-back</li> </ul> </li> <li>In which way will data be cached?</li> <li>When CPU needs access to some data, how will it work?</li> <li>What causes the inconsistency between cache and main memory?</li> </ul> </li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/AIPP/#23-parallel-hardware","title":"2.3 Parallel Hardware","text":"<ul> <li> <p>MIMD system</p> <ul> <li>They are asynchronous.</li> <li>Shared-memory system:<ul> <li>communicate by accessing shared data structure</li> <li>interconnect connect all the processors to main memory or a block of memory</li> <li>Uniform Memory Access, Nonuniform Memory Access</li> </ul> </li> <li>Distributed-memory system:<ul> <li>communicate by sending messages or special functions that provide access to the memory of another processor</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>Interconnection</p> </li> </ul> <p>(Skipped, but remember to read back again.)</p> <ul> <li>Cache coherence<ul> <li>Why cache inconsistency happens both in write-through and write-back policy?</li> </ul> </li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/AIPP/#ch3-distributed-memory-programming-with-mpi","title":"Ch3. Distributed-Memory Programming with MPI","text":"<ul> <li>What is MPI? What do we use it for?</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/AIPP/#31-getting-started","title":"3.1 Getting Started","text":"<p>Configuring Environment</p> <p>Refer to HPC-101 Lab 1. Notes are here.</p> <ul> <li> <p>Some concepts:</p> <ul> <li>communicator: a group of processes that can communicate with each other. All MPI function that involve communication have a communicator argument.</li> <li>collective communication: a communication that involves all processes in a communicator</li> <li>butterfly: a communication pattern, reverse the branches to distribute data</li> <li>broadcast: data belonging to a single process is sent to all of the processes in the communicator</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>Basic Structure of MPI program:</p> </li> </ul> Basic Structure of MPI program<pre><code>#include &lt;mpi.h&gt;\nint main(int argc, char *argv[])\n{\nint my_rank, p;\nMPI_Init(&amp;argc, &amp;argv);\nMPI_Comm_rank(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &amp;my_rank);\nMPI_Comm_size(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &amp;p);\n/* do some work */\nMPI_Finalize();\nreturn 0;\n}\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>Basic Commands for MPI Programs:<ul> <li><code>mpicc</code>: compile MPI programs<ul> <li>a wrapper for <code>gcc</code></li> </ul> </li> <li><code>mpiexec</code> and <code>mpirun</code>: run MPI programs (they are synonyms to each other)<ul> <li><code>-n &lt;num&gt;</code>: specify the number of processes</li> <li><code>--hostfile &lt;filename&gt;</code>: specify the hostfile</li> <li>More on Open MPI documentation</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> Tools for clusters <ul> <li><code>scp</code>: tools for transferring files<ul> <li><code>-r</code>: recursive (copy directory with multiple files)</li> <li><code>-P</code>: port</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>Example:</p> <pre><code>scp [other options] [source username@IP]:/[directory and file name] [destination username@IP]:/[destination directory]\nscp /users/Hostinger/desktop/scp.zip root@191.162.0.2:/writing/article\nscp -r /users/Hostinger/desktop root@191.162.0.2:/writing/article\n</code></pre> <p>I also wrote a Python script to send files to clusters:</p> send_file.sh<pre><code>#!/usr/bin/env python3\nimport sys\nimport os\n\nfor i in range(3, len(sys.argv)):\n    os.system(\"scp \" + sys.argv[1] + \" \" + sys.argv[i] + \":\" + sys.argv[2])\n</code></pre> <p>Usage:</p> <pre><code>./send_file.sh file /path/to/dest vm1 vm2 ...\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>Ref to functions:</li> </ul> must include<pre><code>int MPI_Init(\nint *argc_p /* in/out */,\nchar ***argv /* in/out */);\nint MPI_Finalize(void);\n</code></pre> <p><code>MPI_Init</code> defines a communicator called <code>MPI_COMM_WORLD</code> that contains all the processes started by the user.</p> about communicator<pre><code>int MPI_Comm_size(\nMPI_Comm comm /* in */,\nint *comm_sz_p /* out */);\nint MPI_Comm_rank(\nMPI_Comm comm /* in */,\nint *my_rank_p /* out */);\n</code></pre> <p>The two function is getting information about <code>MPI_COMM_WORLD</code>.</p> send and receive<pre><code>int MPI_Send(\nvoid *buf /* in\uff0cpoints to the data to be sent */,\nint count /* in, number of objects */,\nMPI_Datatype datatype /* in, type of objects, correspond to C basic data type */,\nint dest /* in, the rank of the process that receive the message */,\nint tag /* in, distinguish messages that are otherwise identical */,\nMPI_Comm comm /* in */);\nint MPI_Recv(\nvoid *buf /* out */,\nint count /* in */,\nMPI_Datatype datatype /* in */,\nint source /* in, MPI_ANY_SOURCE can be used */,\nint tag /* in, MPI_ANY_TAG can be used */,\nMPI_Comm comm /* in */,\nMPI_Status *status /* out, usually won't use, just pass MPI_STATUS_IGNORE */);\nint MPI_Get_count(\nMPI_Status* status_p /* in */,\nMPI_Datatype type /* in */,\nint * count_p /* out */);\n</code></pre> <p>About wildcard arguments</p> <ul> <li>ONLY ONE RECIVER can use a wildcard argument.</li> </ul> <ul> <li><code>status_p</code> argument<ul> <li><code>MPI_Status</code> is a struct with at least three members: <code>MPI_SOURCE</code>, <code>MPI_TAG</code>, <code>MPI_ERROR</code>.</li> <li>We can determine the sender by <code>MPI_SOURCE</code> and <code>MPI_TAG</code>.</li> </ul> </li> <li><code>MPI_Get_count()</code> is used to get the amount of data that's been received.</li> </ul> <p>HANG</p> <p>If a process tries to receive a message and there's no matching send, then the process will block forever. If send don't match, it will block too.</p> <p>What happens when you send message?</p> <ul> <li>Sending process assemble the message with information about the destination process, tag, size and etc.</li> <li>Two ways to send messages: buffer and block.</li> <li>Buffer: place the message into its own internal storage, and the call will return.</li> <li>Block: wait until it can begin transmitting the message.</li> <li>So, when function returns, we don't know whether the message has been transmitted, only know that the storage for the message (buffer) is available for reuse.</li> <li>Typical implementations have default \"cutoff\" message size. If less, it will buffer, or it will block.</li> <li>Messages from one process are nonovertaking.</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/AIPP/#34-collective-communication","title":"3.4 Collective Communication","text":"collective communication<pre><code>int MPI_Reduce( // reduce data from all processes to one process\nvoid *input_data_p /* in */,\nvoid *output_data_p /* out */,\nint count /* in */,\nMPI_Datatype datatype /* in */,\nMPI_Op operator /* in */,\nint dest_process /* in */,\nMPI_Comm comm /* in */);\nint MPI_Allreduce( // reduce data from all processes to all processes\nvoid *input_data_p /* in */,\nvoid *output_data_p /* out */,\nint count /* in */,\nMPI_Datatype datatype /* in */,\nMPI_Op operator /* in */,\nMPI_Comm comm /* in */);\nint MPI_Bcast( // broadcast data from one process to all processes\nvoid *data_p /* in/out */,\nint count /* in */,\nMPI_Datatype datatype /* in */,\nint source_proc /* in */,\nMPI_Comm comm /* in */);\n\nint MPI_Scatter( // scatter data from one process to all processes\nvoid *send_buf_p /* in */,\nint send_count /* in, NOTICE HERE counts for the amount of data going to each process */,\nMPI_Datatype send_type /* in */,\nvoid *recv_buf_p /* out */,\nint recv_count /* in */,\nMPI_Datatype recv_type /* in */,\nint src_proc /* in */,\nMPI_Comm comm /* in */);\nint MPI_Gather( // gather data from all processes to one process\nvoid *send_buf_p /* in */,\nint send_count /* in */,\nMPI_Datatype send_type /* in */,\nvoid *recv_buf_p /* out */,\nint recv_count /* in, NOTICE HERE counts for the number of data items received from each process */,\nMPI_Datatype recv_type /* in */,\nint dest_proc /* in */,\nMPI_Comm comm /* in */);\nint MPI_Allgather( // gather data from all processes to all processes\nvoid *send_buf_p /* in */,\nint send_count /* in */,\nMPI_Datatype send_type /* in */,\nvoid *recv_buf_p /* out */,\nint recv_count /* in */,\nMPI_Datatype recv_type /* in */,\nMPI_Comm comm /* in */);\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>Key is the fifth argument <code>operator</code>.<ul> <li>Find: <code>MPI_MAX</code>, <code>MPI_MIN</code>, <code>MPI_MAXLOC</code>, <code>MPI_MINLOC</code></li> <li>Compute: <code>MPI_SUM</code>, <code>MPI_PROD</code></li> <li>Bitwise: <code>MPI_BAND</code>, <code>MPI_BOR</code>, <code>MPI_BXOR</code></li> <li>Logical: <code>MPI_LAND</code>, <code>MPI_LOR</code>, <code>MPI_LXOR</code></li> <li>You can define yourself.</li> </ul> </li> <li>Difference between <code>MPI_Reduce</code> and <code>MPI_Allreduce</code>: <code>MPI_Reduce</code> have <code>dest_process</code> argument, and <code>MPI_Allreduce</code> doesn't.</li> </ul> <p>Read the example</p> <p>Please read the example <code>vector.c</code> and make sure you understand each line of code.</p>"},{"location":"books/AIPP/#35-mpi-derived-datatypes","title":"3.5 MPI Derived Datatypes","text":"<ul> <li>To improve the performance of our program, we can reduce the total number of messages sent.</li> <li>A derived datatype consists of a sequence of basic MPI datatypes together with a displacement for each of the datatypes.</li> </ul> <pre><code>{(MPI_DOUBLE, 0), (MPI_DOUBLE, 16), (MPI_INT, 24)}\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>To create a derived datatype, we need to use <code>MPI_Type_create_struct()</code>.</li> </ul> create derived datatype<pre><code>int MPI_Type_create_struct(\nint count /* in, number of elements */,\nint array_of_blocklengths[] /* in, individual data items might be arrays or subarrays */,\nMPI_Aint array_of_displacements[] /* in, displacement of each elements */,\nMPI_Datatype array_of_types[] /* in, type of each block */,\nMPI_Datatype *new_type_p /* out */);\nint MPI_Type_commit(\nMPI_Datatype *new_mpi_t_p /* in/out */);\nint MPI_Type_free(\nMPI_Datatype *old_mpi_t_p /* in/out */);\n</code></pre> <ul> <li><code>MPI_Aint</code> is big enough to store any address on the system.</li> <li>In our example, the call is:</li> </ul> <pre><code>MPI_Type_create_struct(3, {1, 1, 1}, {0, 16, 24}, {MPI_DOUBLE, MPI_DOUBLE, MPI_INT}, &amp;new_type);\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>To find displacement of a variable, we can use <code>MPI_Get_address()</code>.</li> </ul> get address of a variable<pre><code>int MPI_Get_address(\nvoid *location_p /* in */,\nMPI_Aint *address_p /* out */);\n\nMPI_Aint, a_addr, b_addr, n_addr;\nMPI_Get_address(&amp;a, &amp;a_addr);\narray_of_displacements[0] = 0;\nMPI_Get_address(&amp;b, &amp;b_addr);\narray_of_displacements[1] = b_addr - a_addr;\nMPI_Get_address(&amp;n, &amp;n_addr);\narray_of_displacements[2] = n_addr - a_addr;\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"books/ATBSP/","title":"Python \u7f16\u7a0b\u5feb\u901f\u4e0a\u624b\uff1a\u8ba9\u7e41\u7410\u5de5\u4f5c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316","text":"\u51fa\u7248\u793e \u4f5c\u8005 \u5e74\u4efd \u9605\u8bfb\u65f6\u95f4 \uff5c \u4eba\u6c11\u90ae\u7535\u51fa\u7248\u793e Al Sweigart 2015 2023.07 <p>\u672c\u4e66\u6458\u8981</p> <p>\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u6027\u5f88\u5f3a\uff1a\u8ba9\u4f60\u5feb\u901f\u4e0a\u624b Python \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5199\u7528\u5b8c\u5c31\u6254\u6389\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5411\u4f60\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5f88\u591a\u7f16\u7a0b\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u63d0\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7b49\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u6211\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u9002\u5408\u5e0c\u671b\u5feb\u901f\u5c06 Python \u5e94\u7528\u5230\u5b66\u4e60\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9009\u62e9 SOP \u548c PCC \u7b49\u4e66\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u90fd\u5c06\u82b1\u5728\u7f16\u7a0b\u548c\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u7acb\u523b\u5c06\u5b83\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0a\u3002</p> <p>\u672c\u7bc7\u7b14\u8bb0\u4ec5\u9009\u8bfb\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7ae0\u8282\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>Ch6. \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u64cd\u4f5c</li> <li>Ch7. \u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f</li> <li>Ch8-9. \u6587\u4ef6</li> <li>Ch11. Web</li> <li>Ch17. \u56fe\u50cf</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/ATBSP/#tips","title":"\u96f6\u6563 tips","text":"<ul> <li><code>None</code> \u503c\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f <code>NoneType</code> \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u503c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u7684\u503c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4e1c\u897f\u6df7\u6dc6\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u3002<ul> <li>\u4f7f\u7528\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u8d4b\u503c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230 <code>None</code>\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba4\u4e3a Python \u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\u672b\u5c3e\u90fd\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e86 <code>return None</code>\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u5f15\u7528\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u56de\u4e8b\uff1f<ul> <li>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u53d8\u91cf\u770b\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u503c\u7684\u76d2\u5b50</li> <li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3001\u6574\u578b\u6216\u5143\u7ec4\uff0c\u76d2\u5b50\u91cc\u88c5\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u503c\u672c\u8eab\u3002</li> <li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53ef\u53d8\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5217\u8868\u3001\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u76d2\u5b50\u91cc\u88c5\u7684\u662f\u503c\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u3002</li> <li>\u6280\u5de7\uff1a<code>copy</code> \u6a21\u5757\uff1a<ul> <li><code>copy.copy()</code>\uff1a\u590d\u5236\u5217\u8868\u6216\u5b57\u5178\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u53ef\u53d8\u503c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5217\u8868\u7684\u91cc\u9762\u6709\u5217\u8868\u5462\uff1f</li> <li><code>copy.deepcopy()</code>\uff1a\u540c\u65f6\u590d\u5236\u5217\u8868\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u6216\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5217\u8868\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u53ef\u53d8\u503c\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li>\u6280\u5de7\uff1a<code>pprint</code> \u6a21\u5757 \u6f02\u4eae\u6253\u5370\uff1a<ul> <li><code>pprint.pprint()</code>\uff1a\u5c06\u5217\u8868\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u6253\u5370\u6210\u6f02\u4eae\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u3002</li> <li>\u5982\u679c\u5e0c\u671b\u5f97\u5230\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 <code>pprint.pformat()</code>\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/ATBSP/#ch6","title":"Ch6. \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u64cd\u4f5c","text":"<ul> <li><code>r</code> \u524d\u7f00\uff1a\u539f\u59cb\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u4e0d\u8f6c\u4e49\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u8def\u5f84\u3001\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002</li> <li>\u4e09\u91cd\u5f15\u53f7\uff1a\u5176\u95f4\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5f15\u53f7\u3001\u5236\u8868\u7b26\u6216\u6362\u884c\u90fd\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002Python \u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7f29\u8fdb\u89c4\u5219\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e09\u91cd\u5f15\u53f7\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u7f29\u8fdb\u4e5f\u4f1a\u88ab\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u4e09\u91cd\u5f15\u53f7\u63a8\u8350\u8fd9\u6837\u5199\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8f93\u51fa\u4e0e\u4ee3\u7801\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u7684 <code>\\</code> \u9632\u6b62\u6587\u6bb5\u5f00\u5934\u591a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u3002</li> </ul> <pre><code>print('''\\\nDear Alice,\n    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.\nSincerely,\nBob''')\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>\u591a\u884c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8fd8\u7ecf\u5e38\u7528\u4f5c\u591a\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/ATBSP/#_1","title":"\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u65b9\u6cd5\u96c6\u9526","text":"<ul> <li><code>isX()</code> \u7cfb\u5217\uff1a<code>isalpha()</code>\u3001<code>isalnum()</code>\u3001<code>isdecimal()</code>\u3001<code>isspace()</code>\u3001<code>istitle()</code>\u3002</li> <li>\u8f6c\u6362\uff1a<code>upper()</code>\u3001<code>lower()</code>\u3001<code>title()</code>\u3001<code>capitalize()</code>\u3001<code>swapcase()</code>\u3002</li> <li>\u67e5\u627e\uff1a<code>startswith()</code>\u3001<code>endswith()</code>\u3002</li> <li>\u591a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff1a<code>join()</code>\u3001<code>split()</code></li> <li>\u88c1\u526a\uff1a<code>strip()</code>\u3001<code>lstrip()</code>\u3001<code>rstrip()</code>\u3002</li> <li>\u5bf9\u9f50\uff1a<code>ljust()</code>\u3001<code>rjust()</code>\u3001<code>center()</code>\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/ATBSP/#_2","title":"\u526a\u8d34\u677f","text":"<p>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>pyperclip</code> \u5305\uff08\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u526a\u8d34\u677f\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002</p> <ul> <li><code>pyperclip.copy()</code>\uff1a\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u590d\u5236\u5230\u526a\u8d34\u677f\u3002</li> <li><code>pyperclip.paste()</code>\uff1a\u5c06\u526a\u8d34\u677f\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u7c98\u8d34\u5230\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u7ec3\u4e60</p> <p>\u4ece\u526a\u8d34\u677f\u4e0a\u83b7\u53d6\u591a\u884c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u8f6c\u6362\u6210 Markdown \u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3002</p> <pre><code>import pyperclip\ntext = pyperclip.paste()\nlines = text.split('\\n')\nfor i in range(len(lines)):\n    lines[i] = '* ' + lines[i]\ntext = '\\n'.join(lines)\npyperclip.copy(text)\n</code></pre> <p>\u5173\u6ce8\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/ATBSP/#ch7","title":"Ch7. \u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u4e0e\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f","text":""},{"location":"books/ATBSP/#_3","title":"\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6a21\u5757","text":"<p><code>re</code> \u6a21\u5757\u5904\u7406\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002</p> <ul> <li><code>re.compile()</code>\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08Regex \u6a21\u5f0f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff09\u3002<ul> <li>\u7528\u4f8b\uff1a<code>phoneNumRegex = re.compile(r'\\d\\d\\d-\\d\\d\\d-\\d\\d\\d\\d')</code></li> <li>\u8bb0\u5f97\u7528\u539f\u59cb\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>Regex \u5bf9\u8c61\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<ul> <li><code>search()</code>\uff1a\u627e\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5339\u914d<ul> <li>\u8f93\u5165\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002</li> <li>\u8fd4\u56de\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a Match \u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u5339\u914d\u6587\u672c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</li> <li>Match \u5bf9\u8c61\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<ul> <li><code>group()</code>\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<ul> <li>\u8f93\u5165\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\uff08\u8868\u793a\u5206\u7ec4\uff09\uff0c0 \u6216\u7559\u7a7a\u8868\u793a\u6574\u4e2a\u5339\u914d\u3002</li> <li>\u8fd4\u56de\uff1a\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li><code>findall()</code>\uff1a\u627e\u6240\u6709\u5339\u914d<ul> <li>\u8f93\u5165\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002</li> <li>\u8fd4\u56de\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002</li> <li>\u5982\u679c\u6709\u5206\u7ec4\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u5143\u7ec4\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7ec4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u9879\u662f\u6539\u5339\u914d\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u5206\u7ec4\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li><code>sub()</code>\uff1a\u66ff\u6362\u64cd\u4f5c<ul> <li>\u8f93\u5165\uff1a\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u53d6\u4ee3\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u662f\u8981\u88ab\u66ff\u6362\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<ul> <li>\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>\\1</code>\u3001<code>\\2</code> \u7b49\u6765\u5f15\u7528\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5206\u7ec4\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u8fd4\u56de\uff1a\u66ff\u6362\u540e\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/ATBSP/#_4","title":"\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8bed\u6cd5","text":"<ul> <li><code>()</code> \u5206\u7ec4\uff1a<ul> <li>\u5206\u7ec4\u5c31\u662f\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5f53\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li><code>|</code> \u7ba1\u9053\uff1a\u5339\u914d\u591a\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002</li> <li><code>?</code> \u53ef\u9009\u5339\u914d\uff1a\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5206\u7ec4\u51fa\u73b0 0 \u6b21\u6216 1 \u6b21\u3002</li> <li><code>*</code> \u96f6\u6b21\u6216\u591a\u6b21\u5339\u914d\uff1a\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5206\u7ec4\u51fa\u73b0 0 \u6b21\u6216\u591a\u6b21\u3002</li> <li><code>+</code> \u4e00\u6b21\u6216\u591a\u6b21\u5339\u914d\uff1a\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5206\u7ec4\u51fa\u73b0 1 \u6b21\u6216\u591a\u6b21\u3002</li> <li><code>{n}</code> \u5339\u914d n \u6b21\uff1a\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5206\u7ec4\u51fa\u73b0 n \u6b21\u3002<ul> <li>\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 <code>{1,3}</code>\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u6216\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u5199\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li><code>?</code> \u975e\u8d2a\u5fc3\u5339\u914d\uff1a\u9650\u5236\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5206\u7ec4\u5339\u914d\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5c11\u7684\u6587\u672c\u3002<ul> <li>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u662f\u8d2a\u5fc3\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u5339\u914d\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u957f\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u5b57\u7b26\u5206\u7c7b\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>\\d</code> \u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u5b57</li> <li><code>\\D</code> \u9664\u6570\u5b57\u5916\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5b57\u7b26</li> <li><code>\\w</code> \u4efb\u4f55\u5b57\u6bcd\u3001\u6570\u5b57\u6216\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\u5b57\u7b26\uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5339\u914d\u201c\u5355\u8bcd\u201d\u5b57\u7b26\uff09</li> <li><code>\\W</code> \u9664\u5b57\u6bcd\u3001\u6570\u5b57\u548c\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5b57\u7b26</li> <li><code>\\s</code> \u7a7a\u683c\u3001\u5236\u8868\u7b26\u6216\u6362\u884c\u7b26\uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5339\u914d\u201c\u7a7a\u767d\u201d\u5b57\u7b26\uff09</li> <li><code>\\S</code></li> </ul> <p>\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u62ec\u53f7\u521b\u5efa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u5206\u7c7b\u3002</p> <ul> <li><code>^</code>\uff1a\u5339\u914d\u5fc5\u987b\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5f00\u59cb\u5904\u3002</li> <li><code>$</code>\uff1a\u5339\u914d\u5fc5\u987b\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7ed3\u5c3e\u5904\u3002</li> <li><code>.</code>\uff1a\u901a\u914d\u7b26\uff0c\u5339\u914d\u9664\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u5916\u4efb\u4f55\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<ul> <li>\u5982\u679c\u8981\u5339\u914d\u6362\u884c\u7b26\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 <code>re.DOTALL</code> \u4f5c\u4e3a <code>re.compile()</code> \u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u65e0\u5173\u5339\u914d\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528 <code>re.IGNORECASE</code> \u6216 <code>re.I</code> \u4f5c\u4e3a <code>re.compile()</code> \u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/ATBSP/#_5","title":"\u7ba1\u7406\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f","text":"<ul> <li>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>re.VERBOSE</code> \u6216 <code>re.X</code> \u4f5c\u4e3a <code>re.compile()</code> \u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u6ce8\u91ca\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u7528\u4f8b\uff1a</p> <pre><code>phoneRegex = re.compile(r'''(\n    (\\d{3}|\\(\\d{3}\\))?              # area code\n    (\\s|-|\\.)?                      # separator\n    \\d{3}                           # first 3 digits\n    (\\s|-|\\.)                       # separator\n    \\d{4}                           # last 4 digits\n    (\\s*(ext|x|ext.)\\s*\\d{2,5})?    # extension\n)''', re.VERBOSE)\n</code></pre> <p>\u52a0\u4e86\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5c31\u6e05\u6670\u591a\u5566\uff01</p> <p>\u4f7f\u7528\u7ba1\u9053\u7b26\u53f7\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a <code>re.compile()</code> \u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 <code>re.compile(r'pattern', re.IGNORECASE | re.DOTALL)</code>\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Algorithm/","title":"\u7b97\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u6458\u8981</p> <p>\u8be5\u7bc7\u7b14\u8bb0\u662f\u591a\u672c\u7b97\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u6559\u6750\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u5408\u96c6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u300a\u7b97\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c\u56db\u7248</li> <li>\u300a\u7b97\u6cd5\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b\u7b2c\u4e09\u7248</li> <li></li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Algorithm/#_2","title":"\u7b97\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u57fa\u7840","text":"<p>\u5728\u7b97\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u57fa\u7840\u8fd9\u5757\uff0c\u300a\u7b97\u6cd5\u300b\u66f4\u6ce8\u91cd\u4e8e\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u8bb2\u89e3\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u6570\u636e\u62bd\u8c61\u3001API \u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u5219\u4f7f\u7528\u56fe\u50cf\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u7ed9\u8bfb\u8005\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u3002\u300a\u7b97\u6cd5\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b\u5219\u5bf9\u7b97\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u63cf\u8ff0\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e25\u8c28\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u63a8\u5bfc\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Algorithm/#_3","title":"\u6570\u636e\u62bd\u8c61","text":"<p>\u300a\u7b97\u6cd5\u300b\u8981\u6c42\u5bf9\u4e09\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e86\u89e3\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u80cc\u5305<ul> <li>\u76ee\u7684\uff1a\u6536\u96c6\u5143\u7d20\u5e76\u8fed\u4ee3\u6240\u6709\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u5143\u7d20</li> <li>\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u5220\u9664</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u961f\u5217<ul> <li>\u5148\u8fdb\u5148\u51fa\u7b56\u7565</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u6808<ul> <li>\u540e\u8fdb\u5148\u51fa\u7b56\u7565</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u53cc\u6808\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6c42\u503c</p> <p>\u7531 Dijkstra \u53d1\u660e\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6808\u4fdd\u5b58\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6808\u4fdd\u5b58\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5c06\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u538b\u5165\u6808</li> <li>\u5c06\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u538b\u5165\u6808</li> <li>\u5ffd\u7565\u5de6\u62ec\u53f7</li> <li>\u9047\u5230\u53f3\u62ec\u53f7\uff0c\u5f39\u51fa\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u548c\u6240\u9700\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\uff0c\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u538b\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u6808</li> </ul> <p>\u663e\u7136\u8be5\u7b97\u6cd5\u8981\u6c42\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5df2\u7ecf\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528\u62ec\u53f7\u62ec\u8d77</p>"},{"location":"books/CNATDA2/","title":"\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\uff1a\u81ea\u9876\u5411\u4e0b\u65b9\u6cd5","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/CNATDA2/#ch2","title":"Ch2. \u5e94\u7528\u5c42","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <ul> <li>\u5b9a\u4e49\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u5ba2\u6237\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u8fd0\u8f93\u5c42\u63a5\u53e3</li> <li>\u51e0\u79cd\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1aWeb\u3001\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u3001DNS\u3001\u5bf9\u7b49\u6587\u4ef6\u5206\u53d1\u548c\u89c6\u9891\u6d41</li> <li>\u5f00\u53d1\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u5728 TCP \u548c UDP \u4e0a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/CNATDA2/#21","title":"2.1 \u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u539f\u7406","text":"<p>\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u8fd0\u884c\u5728 Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u7684 Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7a0b\u5e8f</li> <li>\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u7528\u6237\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7a0b\u5e8f</li> </ul> <p>\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u5ba2\u6237-\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784<ul> <li>\u4e00\u4e2a\u603b\u662f\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u79f0\u4e3a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u6765\u81ea\u5176\u4ed6\u79f0\u4e3a\u5ba2\u6237\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002</li> <li>\u7279\u5f81\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5177\u6709\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u3001\u5468\u77e5\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u603b\u662f\u80fd\u5411\u8be5 IP \u53d1\u9001\u5206\u7ec4\u4e0e\u5176\u8054\u7cfb\u3002</li> <li>\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1aWeb\u3001FTP\u3001Telnet\u3001\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u5bf9\u7b49\uff08P2P\uff09\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784<ul> <li>\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u95f4\u65ad\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u5bf9\u4e4b\u95f4\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u4fe1\u3002</li> <li>\u6d41\u91cf\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u5927\u591a\u662f P2P \u7684\u3002</li> <li>\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u5171\u4eab\uff08BT\uff09\u3001\u5bf9\u7b49\u534f\u52a9\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5668\uff08\u8fc5\u96f7\uff09\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u7535\u8bdd\u548c\u89c6\u9891\u4f1a\u8bae\uff08Skype\uff09\u3002</li> <li>\u7279\u6027\uff1a\u81ea\u6269\u5c55\u6027</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u6df7\u5408\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784<ul> <li>\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a\u5373\u65f6\u8baf\u606f\u5e94\u7528</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7aef\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u4ea4\u6362\u62a5\u6587\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u8baf\u3002\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u4e00\u5bf9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u4f1a\u8bdd\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u603b\u662f\u80fd\u5c06\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u5ba2\u6237\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u53d1\u8d77\u901a\u4fe1\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u662f\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u4f1a\u8bdd\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\u7b49\u5f85\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u8fc7\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\uff08socket\uff09\u63a5\u53e3\u5411\u7f51\u7edc\u53d1\u9001\u62a5\u6587\u3001\u4ece\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u6536\u62a5\u6587\u3002\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u63a5\u53e3\u7531\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u4e0b\u5c42\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u63a7\u5236\u6743\uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u8fd0\u8f93\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u7b49\uff09\u3002</p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u4e24\u79cd\u4fe1\u606f\u624d\u80fd\u5c06\u5206\u7ec4\u9001\u8fbe\u76ee\u6807\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff1aIP \u5730\u5740</li> <li>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8868\u793a\uff1a\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7</li> </ul> <p>\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u8bc6\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002</p> <p>\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u8fd0\u8f93\u5c42\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u8981\u6c42\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u53ef\u9760\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93<ul> <li>\u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u5e94\u7528\u5927\u591a\u662f\u80fd\u5fcd\u53d7\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u541e\u5410\u91cf<ul> <li>\u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u5e94\u7528\u5927\u591a\u662f\u5e26\u5bbd\u654f\u611f\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u534f\u8bae\u65e0\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ea\u80fd\u9009\u62e9\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u6216\u653e\u5f03\u53d1\u9001\u3002</li> <li>\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5f39\u6027\u5e94\u7528\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u5b9a\u65f6<ul> <li>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u5b9a\u65f6\u6307\u7684\u662f\u65f6\u5ef6\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u5b89\u5168\u6027</li> </ul> <p>\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u7684 TCP/IP \u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fd0\u8f93\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\uff1aUDP \u548c TCP\u3002</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/CTP/","title":"C \u9677\u9631\u4e0e\u7f3a\u9677","text":"<p>C Traps and Pitfalls</p> \u51fa\u7248\u793e \u4f5c\u8005 \u539f\u4e66\u5e74\u4efd \u4eba\u6c11\u90ae\u7535\u51fa\u7248\u793e Andrew Koening 1989 <p>\u60f3\u8981\u5b66\u597d\u4e00\u95e8\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u9605\u8bfb\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u56fe\u4e66\uff1f\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u573a\u5408\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u90fd\u4f1a\u5411\u4ed6\u63a8\u8350\u5e02\u9762\u4e0a\u6700\u65b0\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u56fe\u4e66\u3002\u539f\u56e0\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u4ee5\u73b0\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u9886\u57df\u5185\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6bcf\u9694\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u672c\u6bd4\u8f83\u65b0\u7684\u56fe\u4e66\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u4f1a\u6bd4\u8f83\u8d34\u8fd1\u5f53\u524d\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u4e5f\u5c31\u80fd\u591f\u8ba9\u4f60\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u638c\u63e1\u6240\u8981\u5b66\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#ch0","title":"Ch0. \u5bfc\u8bfb","text":"<p>\u56de\u5fc6\uff1a\u8bcd\u6cd5\u3001\u8bed\u6cd5\u3001\u8bed\u4e49</p> <p>\u5728\u8fdb\u5165\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u7ae0\u8282\u524d\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u56de\u987e\u4e00\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u300a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b\u7b2c 9 \u7ae0\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u5b66\u5230\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u6b65\u9aa4\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0b\u56db\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u7ec4\u6210\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u8bcd\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u5668</li> <li>\u8bed\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u5668</li> <li>\u8bed\u4e49\u5206\u6790\u5668</li> <li>\u7f16\u8bd1\u6a21\u5757</li> </ul> <p>\u8bf7\u56de\u5fc6\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u548c\u4f5c\u7528\u3002</p> <p>\u672c\u7ae0\u7b80\u5355\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5168\u4e66\u5404\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u5c06\u8981\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#ch1","title":"Ch1. \u8bcd\u6cd5\u9677\u9631","text":"<p>\u672c\u7ae0\u6211\u4eec\u5173\u6ce8\u5b57\u7b26\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u7ec4\u6210\u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u672f\u8bed token \uff08\u7b26\u53f7\uff09\u662f\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8868\u610f\u5355\u5143\u3002\u5b57\u7b26\u7ec4\u6210\u7b26\u53f7\u3002\u4f8b\u5b50: <code>-&gt;</code>\u3001<code>file</code> \u90fd\u662f\u7b26\u53f7.<ul> <li>\u540c\u4e00\u7ec4\u5b57\u7b26\u5e8f\u5217\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7b26\u53f7\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u51e0\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u8bf7\u601d\u8003\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff08\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff09\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#_1","title":"<code>=</code> \u4e0e <code>==</code> \u6df7\u7528","text":"<pre><code>while(c = ' ' || c == '\\t')\nc = getc(f);\n</code></pre> <pre><code>if((filedesc == open(argv[i], 0)) &lt; 0)\nerror();\n</code></pre> <p><code>open()</code> \u51fd\u6570</p> <p>\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\uff1a</p> <pre><code>#include &lt;fcntl.h&gt;\nint open(const char *pathname, int flags)\n</code></pre> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5728 Linux \u8fdb\u9636\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60\u5230\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u6709\u5173\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#_2","title":"\u8d2a\u5fc3\u6cd5","text":"<p>C \u7684\u8bcd\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u9075\u5faa\u8d2a\u5fc3\u6cd5\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u5b57\u7b26\u53ef\u80fd\u7ec4\u6210\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u518d\u8bfb\u5165\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8bfb\u5165\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u518d\u7ec4\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u4e3e\u51e0\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u6070\u5f53\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u6765\u8bf4\u660e\u8d2a\u5fc3\u6cd5\uff1a</p> <pre><code>a---b\na -- - b\na - -- b\n\ny = x/*p /* p point to the dividen */\ny = x / *p\n\nn--&gt;0\nn-- &gt;0\nn- -&gt; 0\n\na+++++b\n</code></pre> <p>\u8bf7\u601d\u8003\u4e0a\u9762\u51e0\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#_3","title":"\u6574\u5f62\u5e38\u91cf","text":"<ul> <li><code>10</code> \u4e0e <code>010</code> \u7684\u542b\u4e49\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u3002</li> <li>ANSI C \u4ee5\u540e\u7981\u6b62\u5728\u516b\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u7b26 <code>8</code> \u548c <code>9</code>\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u6df7\u7528\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u9700\u8981\u683c\u5f0f\u5bf9\u9f50\u65f6\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u4e0d\u8981\u4e3a\u6570\u5b57\u6dfb <code>0</code>\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u516b\u8fdb\u5236\u7ed3\u679c\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#_4","title":"\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u548c\u5b57\u7b26\u5e38\u91cf","text":"<p>\u5355\u5f15\u53f7\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u800c\u6574\u6570\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0816 \u4f4d\u6216 32 \u4f4d\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u5bb9\u7eb3\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b C \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5e38\u91cf\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u6ca1\u6709\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49</p> <pre><code>'yes'\n</code></pre> <p>\u6709\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u53ef\u80fd\u5ffd\u7565\u540e\u9762\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u53ef\u80fd\u7528\u540e\u9762\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u9010\u4e2a\u8986\u76d6\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u3002GCC \u548c Clang \u91c7\u7528\u540e\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#ch2","title":"Ch2. \u8bed\u6cd5\u9677\u9631","text":"<p>\u672c\u7ae0\u6211\u4eec\u5173\u6ce8\u7b26\u53f7\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u7ec4\u6210\u58f0\u660e\u3001\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3001\u8bed\u53e5\u548c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#_5","title":"\u51fd\u6570\u58f0\u660e","text":"<p>Question</p> <p>\u8bf7\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u4e2a C \u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u9996\u5730\u5740\u4e3a 0 \u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002</p> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6807\u51c6\u7b54\u6848\u662f <code>(*(void(*)())0)()</code>\u3002</p> <p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u89e3\u91ca\u8fd9\u4e00\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#_6","title":"\u58f0\u660e\u7684\u7ec4\u6210","text":"<p>\u672c\u4e66\u5c06\u58f0\u660e\u770b\u505a\u7531\uff1a\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u4e00\u7ec4\u7c7b\u4f3c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u58f0\u660e\u7b26\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u5bf9\u58f0\u660e\u7b26\u6c42\u503c\u65f6\u5e94\u5f53\u8fd4\u56de\u6307\u5b9a\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002</p> <ul> <li><code>float f, g</code> \u5bf9 <code>f</code> \u548c <code>g</code> \u6c42\u503c\u5e94\u8fd4\u56de <code>float</code></li> <li><code>float ff()</code> \u5bf9 <code>ff()</code> \u6c42\u503c\u5e94\u8fd4\u56de <code>float</code></li> <li><code>float *pf</code> \u5bf9 <code>*pf</code> \u6c42\u503c\u5e94\u8fd4\u56de <code>float</code></li> <li><code>float *g(), (*h)()</code> \u5bf9 <code>*(g())</code> \u548c <code>h()</code> \u6c42\u503c\u5e94\u8fd4\u56de <code>float</code> \uff08\u672c\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff09</li> </ul> <p>\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488</p> <p>\u5e94\u5f53\u59cb\u7ec8\u7406\u89e3\uff1a\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u5b9e\u9645\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u662f <code>(*fp)()</code>\u3002<code>fp()</code> \u53ea\u662f\u7b80\u5199\u3002\u5728\u58f0\u660e\u4e2d\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u524d\u4e00\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a <code>()</code> \u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u6bd4 <code>*</code> \u9ad8\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5fc5\u987b\u7528\u5706\u62ec\u53f7\u5c06\u6307\u9488 <code>(*fp)</code> \u62ec\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0cK&amp;R C \u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</p> <p>\u518d\u56de\u5fc6\u4e00\u4e9b\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee3\u8868\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5730\u5740</li> <li>\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u7c7b\u578b\u540d\u6700\u597d\u8fd9\u6837\u58f0\u660e\uff1a<code>V_FP_CHARP</code>\uff0c\u5373\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3001\u540d\u79f0\u3001\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#_7","title":"\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u7b26","text":"<p>\u628a\u58f0\u660e\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u53bb\u6389\uff0c\u518d\u7528\u62ec\u53f7\u5c01\u88c5\uff0c\u5c31\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u7b26\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5bf9\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4f8b\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>(float)</code></li> <li><code>(float (*)())</code></li> <li><code>(float *)</code></li> <li><code>(float *())</code>, <code>(float (*)())</code></li> </ul> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u60f3\u8c03\u7528\u5730\u5740\u4e3a 0 \u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8fd9\u6837\u60f3\uff1a</p> <pre><code>(*0)()\n</code></pre> <p>\u4f46\u662f\uff0c<code>0</code> \u5e94\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u5f3a\u5236\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u7b26\u662f\uff1a<code>(void(*)())</code></p> <p>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>typedef</code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u89e3\u51b3\u8be5\u95ee\u9898\uff1a</p> <pre><code>typedef void (*funcptr)();\n(*(funcptr)0)();\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#typedef","title":"\u7406\u89e3 <code>typedef</code>","text":"<p>\u672c\u4e66\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u58f0\u660e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e5f\u80fd\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3 <code>typedef</code>\uff1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u58f0\u660e\u8bed\u53e5\u524d\u9762\u52a0\u4e0a <code>typedef</code> \u5c31\u5c06\u8be5\u58f0\u660e\u7b26\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8be5\u58f0\u660e\u7b26\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u3002</p> <ul> <li><code>typedef float *pf</code> \u4e2d <code>pf</code> \u4ee3\u8868 <code>float *</code></li> <li><code>typedef float *g()</code> \u4e2d <code>g</code> \u4ee3\u8868 <code>float *()</code></li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#signal","title":"\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<code>signal()</code>","text":"<p><code>signal()</code> \u51fd\u6570</p> <p>\u58f0\u660e\u5728 <code>&lt;signal.h&gt;</code> \u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee3\u8868\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u6355\u83b7\u7684\u7279\u5b9a signal \u7684\u6574\u6570\u503c\uff0c\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406 signal \u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002</p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u4ece\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5f00\u59cb\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570\uff1a</p> <pre><code>void sigfunc(int);\n</code></pre> <p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06 <code>signal</code> \u51fd\u6570\u58f0\u660e\u4e3a\uff1a</p> <pre><code>void (*signal(int, void(*)(int)))(int);\n</code></pre> <p>\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a\u4f20\u9012 <code>(int, void(*)(int))</code> \u53c2\u6570\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528 <code>signal</code> \u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5bf9 <code>signal</code> \u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff08\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u7c7b\u578b\uff09\u89e3\u5f15\u7528\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f20\u9012\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u7ed9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u662f <code>void</code>\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#_8","title":"\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7","text":"<p>\uff08\u7565\uff09</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#_9","title":"\u5206\u53f7","text":"<p>\u6709\u51e0\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7684\u5206\u53f7\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u91cd\u5927\u95ee\u9898\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>if</code> \u548c <code>while</code> \u7b49\u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u7ed3\u5c3e</li> <li>\u4e0a\u9762\u8bed\u53e5\u548c <code>return</code> \u7684\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u5982\uff1a</li> </ul> <pre><code>if(n&lt;3)\nreturn\nlogrec.date = x[0];\nlogrec.time = x[1];\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>\u7ed3\u6784\u58f0\u660e\u7684\u7ed3\u5c3e\uff0c\u518d\u78b0\u5230\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a</li> </ul> <pre><code>struct logrec{\nint date;\n}\nmain ()\n{\n//...\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7ed3\u6784\u4f1a\u88ab\u5f53\u505a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#switch","title":"<code>switch</code> \u8bed\u53e5","text":"<p>\u6d3b\u7528 <code>switch</code> \u8bed\u53e5\u5904\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4\u6bd4\u8f83\u76f8\u8fd1\u7684\u5206\u652f\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#else","title":"\u60ac\u6302\u7684 <code>else</code> \u8bed\u53e5","text":"<p>\u7262\u8bb0\uff1a<code>else</code> \u4e0e\u62ec\u53f7\u5185\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a <code>if</code> \u5339\u914d\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u591a\u91cd\u9009\u62e9\u3001\u5d4c\u5957\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7528\u597d\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7\u5373\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u8be5\u9519\u8bef\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#ch3","title":"Ch3. \u8bed\u4e49\u9677\u9631","text":"<p>\u672c\u7ae0\u8003\u5bdf\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u663e\u5f97\u5408\u60c5\u5408\u7406\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6240\u6709 C \u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2d\u90fd\u662f\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#_10","title":"\u6307\u9488\u4e0e\u6570\u7ec4","text":"<p>\u672c\u8282\u91cd\u70b9\u7406\u89e3\u6570\u7ec4\u540d\u4e0e\u6307\u9488\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0e\u6307\u9488\u7684\u8f6c\u5316\u3002</p> <ul> <li> <p>\u9664\u4e86\u88ab\u7528\u4f5c <code>sizeof</code> \u7684\u53c2\u6570\u8fd9\u4e00\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6570\u7ec4\u540d\u90fd\u4ee3\u8868\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002</p> <ul> <li> <p>\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u7ef4\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a</p> <pre><code>int calendar[12][31];\np = calendar;\n</code></pre> <p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 <code>calendar</code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002</p> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u8fd8\u6709 <code>&amp;array_name</code> \u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5411\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002</p> </li> <li>\u56e0\u4e3a <code>*(a+i)</code> \u4e0e <code>*(i+a)</code> \u542b\u4e49\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 <code>a[i]</code> \u4e0e <code>i[a]</code> \u76f8\u540c\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u65e5\u5386\u591a\u7ef4\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u4ece\u6765\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8fd9\u6837\u5199\u7684\u5faa\u73af\uff1a</p> <pre><code>int (*montp)[31];\nfor (monthp = calendar; monthp &lt; &amp;calendar[12]; monthp++){\nint *dayp;\nfor (dayp = *monthp; dayp &lt; &amp;(*monthp)[31]; dayp++)\n*dayp = 0;\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8e\u63ed\u793a\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0e\u6307\u9488\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\uff0c\u5343\u4e07\u4e0d\u8981\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#_11","title":"\u975e\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6307\u9488","text":"<p>\u672c\u8282\u4e3b\u8981\u8ba8\u8bba\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u7565\u8fc7\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#_12","title":"\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u58f0\u660e","text":"<p>\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u6beb\u65e0\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u5c06\u88ab\u81ea\u52a8\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6307\u5411\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002</p> <p>\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8bf7\u4e0d\u8981\u5047\u8bbe\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4e5f\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bed\u53e5\u6709\u7740\u5929\u58e4\u4e4b\u522b\uff1a</p> <pre><code>extern char *hello;\nextern char hello[];\n</code></pre> <p>Note</p> <p>\u7f16\u5199\u51fd\u6570\u58f0\u660e\u65f6\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u80fd\u6700\u6e05\u6670\u8868\u8fbe\u81ea\u5df1\u610f\u56fe\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#_13","title":"\u907f\u514d\u201c\u4e3e\u9685\u6cd5\u201d","text":"<p>\u4e3e\u9685\u6cd5\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\uff0c\u4ee5\u9690\u55bb\u8868\u793a\u6307\u4ee3\u7269\u4e0e\u88ab\u6307\u4ee3\u7269\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u672c\u8282\u4e3b\u8981\u8ba8\u8bba\u6df7\u6dc6\u6307\u9488\u548c\u6307\u9488\u6240\u6307\u5411\u6570\u636e\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u7565\u8fc7\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#_14","title":"\u7a7a\u6307\u9488\u4e0e\u7a7a\u4e32","text":"<p>\u6e05\u695a\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CTP/#_15","title":"\u8fb9\u754c\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0e\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\u8fb9\u754c","text":""},{"location":"books/DSAAC/","title":"\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5\u5206\u6790 C \u8bed\u8a00\u63cf\u8ff0","text":"<p>Data Structures and Algorithm Analysis in C, Second Edition</p> \u51fa\u7248\u793e \u4f5c\u8005 \u539f\u4e66\u5e74\u4efd \u673a\u68b0\u5de5\u4e1a\u51fa\u7248\u793e Mark Allen Weiss 1997"},{"location":"books/DSAAC/#ch1","title":"Ch1. \u5f15\u8a00","text":"<ul> <li> <p>\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5f15\u5165\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u5bfb\u627e\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7b2c k \u5927\u7684\u5143\u7d20<ul> <li>\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u964d\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\u53d6\u7b2c k \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002</li> <li>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u5c06\u5143\u7d20\u4f9d\u6b21\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a k \u7684\u964d\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5c0f\u4e8e\u672b\u4f4d\u5143\u7d20\u5219\u5ffd\u7565\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002</li> <li>\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\u4ecb\u7ecd</li> </ul> </li> <li>Word puzzle</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u56de\u5fc6\u4e00\u4e9b\u6570\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u51e0\u4f55\u7ea7\u6570\u3001\u7b49\u5dee\u6570\u5217\u3001\u5176\u4ed6\u5e38\u89c1\u7ea7\u6570\u7684\u6c42\u548c\u516c\u5f0f</li> <li>\u8bc1\u660e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u6570\u5b66\u5f52\u7eb3\u6cd5\u3001\u53cd\u8bc1\u6cd5\u3001\u4e3e\u53cd\u4f8b\u6cd5</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u9012\u5f52\u57fa\u7840\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u5fc5\u987b\u5177\u5907\u4e24\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a\u57fa\u672c\u60c5\u51b5\u548c\u9012\u5f52\u60c5\u51b5</li> <li>\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u505a\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff08\u6590\u6ce2\u90a3\u5951\u6570\u5217\uff09</li> <li>\u8bc1\u660e\u9012\u5f52\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5f52\u7eb3\u6cd5</li> </ul> </li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/DSAAC/#ch2","title":"Ch2. \u7b97\u6cd5\u5206\u6790","text":"<ul> <li>\u5f15\u5165\u8bb0\u53f7\uff1a<ul> <li>O\uff1a\u6e10\u8fdb\u4e0a\u754c</li> <li>\u03a9\uff1a\u6e10\u8fdb\u4e0b\u754c</li> <li>\u0398\uff1a\u6e10\u8fdb\u7d27\u5bc6\u754c</li> <li>o\uff1a\u6e10\u8fdb\u4e0a\u754c\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u7d27\u5bc6\u754c</li> <li>\u5b66\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528 \\(\\lim_{n \\to \\infty} \\frac{f(n)}{g(n)}\\) \u5224\u65ad\u6e10\u8fdb\u754c</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u4e09\u6761\u6cd5\u5219\uff1a<ul> <li>\u4e58\u6cd5\u6cd5\u5219\uff1a\\(T(n) = O(f(n)) * O(g(n)) = O(f(n) * g(n))\\)</li> <li>\u52a0\u6cd5\u6cd5\u5219\uff1a\\(T(n) = O(f(n)) + O(g(n)) = O(f(n) + g(n))\\)</li> <li>\u5bf9\u6570\u6cd5\u5219\uff1a\\(\\log^k N = O(N)\\)</li> <li></li> </ul> </li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/ECP/","title":"C \u4e13\u5bb6\u7f16\u7a0b","text":"<p>\u7b80\u4ecb</p> <p>\u672c\u4e66\u5177\u6709\u6d53\u539a\u7684\u82f1\u5f0f\u5e7d\u9ed8\u6c1b\u56f4\uff0c\u4e14\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e5f\u5c3d\u91cf\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u539f\u6587\u7684\u98ce\u683c\u3002\u4e0d\u8981\u5728\u610f\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u8c03\u4f83\u5c31\u597d\u5566\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/LinuxServer/","title":"Linux \u5e94\u7528\u5927\u5168\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u67b6\u8bbe","text":"\u51fa\u7248\u793e \u4f5c\u8005 \u5e74\u4efd \u4eba\u6c11\u90ae\u7535\u51fa\u7248\u793e \u65bc\u5cb3 2014 <p>\u672c\u4e66\u5148\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86 Linux \u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e86 OpenSSH\u3001DHCP\u3001Nginx \u7b49\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u6211\u53ea\u6311\u9009\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u81ea\u5df1\u9700\u8981\u7684\u7ae0\u8282\u3002</p> <p>\u9605\u8bfb\u672c\u4e66\u524d\uff0c\u8bfb\u8005\u5e94\u5f53\u5177\u6709\u57fa\u672c\u7684 Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f7f\u7528\u7ecf\u5386\uff0c\u5177\u5907\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/LinuxServer/#ch1-linux","title":"Ch1. Linux \u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e","text":"<p>\u672c\u4e66\u4f7f\u7528\u7684 Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248</p> <p>\u672c\u4e66\u4f7f\u7528\u7684 Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u5e94\u8be5\u662f CentOS / RHEL\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0 <code>/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0</code> \u5728 Debian \u7cfb\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u4e3a <code>/etc/NetworkManager/</code>\u3002\u5728 WSL \u4e2d\u5176\u8def\u5f84\u53c8\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u53d8\u5316\u3002</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/LinuxServer/#11","title":"1.1 \u7f16\u8f91\u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/LinuxServer/#_1","title":"\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u76f8\u5173","text":"<p>\u5728 Debian \u7c7b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728 <code>/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections</code> \u4e2d\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u56de\u8def IP \u5730\u5740\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002</p> <ul> <li><code>/etc/networks</code> \u7f51\u7edc\u540d\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</li> <li><code>/etc/protocols</code> \u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u548c\u534f\u8bae\u53f7\u3002</li> <li><code>/etc/services</code> \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3001\u7aef\u53e3/\u534f\u8bae\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u522b\u540d\u3001\u6ce8\u91ca\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002</li> </ul> /etc/services<pre><code>fsp 21/udp  fspd    #xxxx\n</code></pre>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/LinuxServer/#_2","title":"\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790\u76f8\u5173","text":"<ul> <li><code>/etc/resolv.conf</code> \u662f\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3001DNS \u641c\u7d22\u8def\u5f84\u7b49\u3002</li> <li><code>/etc/host.conf</code> \u6307\u5b9a\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u6790\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u3002</li> <li><code>/etc/hosts</code> \u5b58\u653e\u4e00\u4e9b\u5339\u914d\u4fe1\u606f\u3002</li> </ul> resolv.conf<pre><code>order bind, hosts\nmulti on\n</code></pre> <p><code>order</code> \u6307\u5b9a\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5148\u67e5\u8be2 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u518d\u67e5\u8be2 <code>/etc/hosts</code> \u6587\u4ef6\u3002</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/LinuxServer/#12-linux","title":"1.2 Linux \u7f51\u7edc\u547d\u4ee4","text":"<ul> <li><code>ping</code> \u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fde\u901a\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 ICMP \u534f\u8bae\u3002</li> <li><code>traceroute</code> \u6570\u636e\u5305\u5230\u8fbe\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u8def\u5f84</li> <li><code>mii-tool</code> \u67e5\u770b\u7f51\u5361\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u865a\u62df\u8bbe\u5907\u5982 <code>lo</code>\u3001<code>virbr0</code> \u7b49\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</li> <li><code>ifconfig</code> \u663e\u793a\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u3002</li> <li><code>ifdown</code> \u5173\u95ed\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3</li> <li><code>ifup</code> \u5f00\u542f\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3</li> </ul> <p>Tip</p> <p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u7684 <code>if</code> \u90fd\u662f interface \u7684\u7f29\u5199\u3002</p> <ul> <li><code>netstat</code> \u663e\u793a\u7f51\u7edc\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u8def\u7531\u8868\u3001\u63a5\u53e3\u7edf\u8ba1\u7b49\u3002</li> <li><code>arp</code> \u4fee\u6539 ARP \u7f13\u5b58\u6761\u76ee\u3002</li> </ul> <p>ARP Cache</p> <p>Address Resolution Protocol\uff0c\u5373 MAC \u5730\u5740\u89e3\u6790\u7f13\u5b58\u3002</p> <ul> <li><code>rpcinfo</code> \u663e\u793a\u4f7f\u7528 protmap \u6ce8\u518c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c RPC \u8c03\u7528\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<ul> <li>\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u5c5e\u4e8e <code>rpcbind</code> \u5305\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u6ca1\u6709\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b89\u88c5\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li><code>ip</code> \u64cd\u7eb5\u8def\u7531\u8bbe\u5907\u548c\u96a7\u9053\u7b49\u3002</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/LinuxServer/#_3","title":"\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7f51\u7edc\u5de5\u5177","text":"<p>\u7565\u8fc7</p> <p>\u6682\u65f6\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5b66\u4e60\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5148\u8df3\u8fc7\u5566~</p> <ul> <li><code>nmap</code></li> </ul> <p>Network Mapper \u7f51\u7edc\u6620\u5c04\u5668\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u7f51\u7edc\u63a2\u6d4b\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u6838\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u539f\u59cb IP \u62a5\u6587\u6765\u53d1\u73b0\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u4e3b\u673a\u3001\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ec0\u4e48\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u670d\u52a1\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u54ea\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668/\u9632\u706b\u5899\u3002</p> <ul> <li><code>tcpdump</code></li> </ul> <p>\u8fd9\u662f Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u53ef\u5c06\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u5934\u5b8c\u5168\u622a\u83b7\u4e0b\u6765\u63d0\u4f9b\u5206\u6790\u3002</p> <ul> <li>Wireshark</li> </ul> <p>\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5206\u6790\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/LinuxServer/#tcp-wrapper","title":"TCP Wrapper \u4fdd\u62a4\u673a\u5236","text":"<p>\u7565\u8fc7</p> <p>\u6682\u65f6\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5b66\u4e60\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5148\u8df3\u8fc7\u5566~</p> <p>\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u54ea\u4e9b\u4e3b\u673a\u5141\u8bb8\u6216\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e <code>/etc/hosts.allow</code> \u548c <code>/etc/hosts.deny</code> \u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/LinuxServer/#adsl","title":"ADSL \u8fde\u63a5\u914d\u7f6e","text":"<p>\u7565\u8fc7</p> <p>\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u4e9b\u8fc7\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5148\u8df3\u8fc7\u5566~</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/LinuxServer/#openssh","title":"OpenSSH","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/LinuxServer/#_4","title":"\u56de\u5fc6\u57fa\u7840","text":"<ul> <li>Secure Shell \u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u548c\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u4e0a\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u9632\u6b62\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6cc4\u9732\u95ee\u9898\u3002</li> <li>SSH \u80fd\u591f\u4ee3\u66ff telent\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a ftp\u3001pop \u548c ppp \u63d0\u4f9b\u5b89\u5168\u901a\u9053\u3002</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/LinuxServer/#ssh","title":"SSH \u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406","text":"<ul> <li>\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b <code>sshd</code>\uff0c\u54cd\u5e94\u6765\u81ea\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<ul> <li>\u63d0\u4f9b\u5bf9\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5bc6\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7b49\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff1a<code>ssh</code>\u3001<code>scp</code>\u3001<code>sftp</code> \u7b49\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u7565\u8fc7</p> <p>SSH \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5148\u8df3\u8fc7\u5566~</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/LinuxServer/#nginx","title":"Nginx","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/LinuxServer/#_5","title":"\u540c\u7c7b\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e","text":"<ul> <li>\u9e1f\u54e5\u7684 Linux \u79c1\u623f\u83dc\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u67b6\u8bbe\u7bc7 \u7b2c\u4e09\u7248</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/PCC/","title":"Python \u7f16\u7a0b\uff1a\u4ece\u5165\u95e8\u5230\u5b9e\u8df5","text":"<p>Python Crash Course: A Hands-On, Project-Based Introduction to Programming</p> \u51fa\u7248\u793e \u4f5c\u8005 \u5e74\u4efd \u4eba\u6c11\u90ae\u7535\u51fa\u7248\u793e Eric Matthes 2016 <p>Abstract</p> <p>\u672c\u4e66\u4ec5\u4f5c\u9879\u76ee\u90e8\u5206\u7b14\u8bb0\u3002</p>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_1","title":"\u524d\u7f6e\u77e5\u8bc6","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e9b\u521b\u5efa Python \u9879\u76ee\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u3001<code>pip</code> \u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u7b49\u3002</p>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_2","title":"\u547d\u4ee4\u76f8\u5173","text":"<p>Python \u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5bb9\u6613\u5f15\u8d77\u56f0\u60d1\uff0c\u6211\u73b0\u5728\u4e5f\u4f9d\u65e7\u6ca1\u6709\u641e\u61c2\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86 Python \u540e\u6267\u884c <code>python3</code> \u663e\u793a\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a <code>python</code> \u6216 <code>py</code>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd8\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\uff0c\u8bf7\u68c0\u67e5 <code>$PATH</code> \u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cWindows \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u9ed8\u8ba4\u547d\u4ee4\u4e3a <code>py</code>\uff0c\u800c Unix \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u9ed8\u8ba4\u547d\u4ee4\u4e3a <code>python3</code>\u3002<code>pip</code> \u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u4e5f\u4f1a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a <code>pip3</code>\u3002</p>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_3","title":"\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883","text":"<p>\u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u7684\u7406\u7531\u6709\u5f88\u591a\uff1a\u4e0d\u540c\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e0d\u540c\u3001\u7248\u672c\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u6301\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5e72\u51c0\u6574\u6d01\u3002</p> <p>\u4ece Python 3.3 \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4f7f\u7528 Python \u81ea\u5e26\u7684\u6a21\u5757 <code>venv</code> \u6765\u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff1a</p> <pre><code>python3 -m venv &lt;DIR&gt;\nsource &lt;DIR&gt;/bin/activate\n</code></pre> <p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\uff08\u9650 Unix \u7cfb\u7edf\uff09\u5c06\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u8f7d\u5165\u7ec8\u7aef\u3002</p> <p>\u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u5e76\u52a0\u8f7d\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528 <code>pip</code> \u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\u4f9d\u8d56\u5305\u4e86\u3002</p> <p>\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0cWindows \u548c Linux \u4e0b\u7684\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u901a\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4f7f\u7528\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5e94\u5f53\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 <code>requirements.txt</code> \u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u4f9d\u8d56\u5305\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e0d\u540c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0b\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5305\u4e00\u81f4\u3002</p>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_4","title":"\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u8865\u5168","text":"<p>\u590d\u4e60\u4ee5\u53ca\u8865\u5145 SOP4 \u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002</p>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_5","title":"\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u548c\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570","text":"<ul> <li>\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a<code>def</code>\u3001<code>class</code> \u7b49</li> <li>\u5e03\u5c14\u7b49\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8fd0\u7b97\uff1a<code>False</code>\u3001<code>True</code>\u3001<code>None</code>\u3001<code>and</code>\u3001<code>or</code>\u3001<code>not</code> \u7b49</li> <li>\u63a7\u5236\u7ed3\u6784\uff1a<code>while</code>\u3001<code>for</code>\u3001<code>if</code>\u3001<code>else</code>\u3001<code>elif</code> \u7b49</li> <li>\u5176\u4ed6</li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_6","title":"\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32","text":"<ul> <li>\u4fee\u6539\u5927\u5c0f\u5199 <code>.title()</code>\u3001<code>.upper()</code>\u3001<code>.lower()</code></li> <li>\u62fc\u63a5</li> <li>\u5220\u9664\u7a7a\u767d <code>.rstrip()</code>\u3001<code>.lstrip()</code>\u3001<code>.strip()</code></li> </ul> <p>\u7a7a\u767d</p> <p>\u7a7a\u767d\u6307\u4efb\u4f55\u975e\u6253\u5370\u5b57\u7b26\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5c06\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 <code>str(value)</code></li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_7","title":"\u5217\u8868","text":"<pre><code>list = [1, 2, 3]\n</code></pre> <p>\u57fa\u7840\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\uff1a<code>.append(value)</code>\u3001<code>.insert(index, value)</code></li> <li>\u5220\u9664\u8bed\u53e5\uff1a<code>del list[index]</code>\u3001<code>.pop(index)</code>\uff08\u5c3e\u90e8\u5220\u9664\uff09\u3001<code>.remove(value)</code></li> <li>\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a<code>.sort()</code>\u3001<code>.sort(reverse=True)</code></li> <li>\u53cd\u8f6c\uff1a<code>.reverse()</code></li> <li>\u957f\u5ea6\uff1a<code>len(list)</code></li> </ul> <p>\u66f4\u591a\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u904d\u5386</li> </ul> <p>\u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u675f\u540e</p> <p><code>for</code> \u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u8fed\u4ee3\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u3002</p> <ul> <li><code>range(start, end, step)</code>\uff1a\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u4e0d\u5305\u542b <code>end</code>\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4 <code>start=0</code>\uff0c<code>step=1</code>\u3002</li> <li>\u5207\u7247 <code>list[start:end:step]</code>\uff1a\u4e0d\u5305\u542b <code>end</code>\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4 <code>start=0</code>\uff0c<code>step=1</code>\u3002<ul> <li>\u5229\u7528\u5207\u7247\u590d\u5236\u5217\u8868 <code>list[:]</code>\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u5217\u8868\u89e3\u6790</p> <p>\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6bd4\u8f83\u9ad8\u9636\u4f46\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u751f\u6210\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff1a</p> <pre><code>squares = [value**2 for value in range(1, 11)]\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>\u9996\u5148\u6307\u5b9a\u5217\u8868\u540d</li> <li>\u518d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f <code>value**2</code> \u751f\u6210\u4f60\u8981\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u503c</li> <li>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a <code>for</code> \u5faa\u73af\u7ed9\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u63d0\u4f9b\u503c</li> </ul> <p>\u8bf7\u7ec3\u4e60\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a 3 \u7684\u500d\u6570\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3002</p>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#if","title":"<code>if</code> \u8bed\u53e5","text":"<ul> <li> <p>\u6bd4\u8f83\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>in</code> \u68c0\u67e5\u7279\u5b9a\u503c\u662f\u5426\u5728\u5217\u8868\u4e2d</li> <li>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>.lower()</code> \u68c0\u67e5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u5c0f\u5199\uff08\u6ce8\u610f\u4e2a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u68c0\u6d4b\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u7528\u5462\uff1f\uff09</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p><code>if-elif-else</code> \u7ed3\u6784</p> </li> <li>\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e03\u5c14\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a<ul> <li>Python \u4e2d\u652f\u6301\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u5982 <code>age &gt;= 18 and age &lt;= 65</code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5199\u4e3a <code>18 &lt;= age &lt;= 65</code>\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_8","title":"\u5b57\u5178","text":"<pre><code>dict = {'key': 'value'}\n</code></pre> <p>\u57fa\u7840\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a<code>dict['key']</code></li> <li>\u6dfb\u52a0\uff1a<code>dict['key'] = 'value'</code></li> <li>\u521b\u5efa\u7a7a\u5b57\u5178\uff1a<code>dict = {}</code></li> <li>\u4fee\u6539\u503c\uff1a<code>dict['key'] = 'new value'</code></li> <li>\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff1a<code>del dict['key']</code></li> </ul> <p>\u8f83\u957f\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u7f29\u8fdb\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a</p> <pre><code>dict = {\n    'key1': 'value1',\n    'key2': 'value2',\n    'key3': 'value3',\n    }\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>\u904d\u5386\uff1a<ul> <li><code>for key, value in dict.items():</code></li> <li><code>for key in dict.keys():</code></li> <li><code>for value in dict.values():</code></li> <li>\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u904d\u5386 <code>for key in sorted(dict.keys()):</code></li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u66f4\u591a\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u5217\u8868</li> <li>\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u5d4c\u5957\u5217\u8868</li> <li>\u5b57\u5178\u5d4c\u5957\u5b57\u5178</li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_9","title":"\u5faa\u73af","text":"<ul> <li>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>break</code> \u548c <code>continue</code></li> <li>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6807\u5fd7</li> <li>\u7528\u5faa\u73af\u5904\u7406\u5217\u8868\u548c\u5b57\u5178<ul> <li>\u5220\u9664\u6307\u5b9a\u503c</li> <li>\u79fb\u52a8\u5143\u7d20</li> <li>\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u79cd\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u5217\u8868\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5faa\u73af\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a     <pre><code>users = ['user1', 'user2', 'user3']\nwhile users:\n    user = users.pop()\n    print(user)\n</code></pre></li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_10","title":"\u51fd\u6570","text":"<pre><code>def function_name(parameters):\n\"\"\"docstring\"\"\"\n    function body\n</code></pre>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_11","title":"\u53c2\u6570","text":"<ul> <li>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5b9e\u53c2\uff1a<code>function_name(parameter=value)</code>'</li> <li>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff1a<code>def function_name(parameter=value)</code><ul> <li>\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u5c06\u6ca1\u6709\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u653e\u5728\u524d\u9762\uff0c\u6709\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u653e\u5728\u540e\u9762\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf Python \u4f9d\u7136\u80fd\u591f\u6b63\u786e\u89e3\u8bfb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5b9e\u53c2\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u7981\u6b62\u51fd\u6570\u4fee\u6539\u5217\u8868\uff1a<code>function_name(list_name[:])</code> \uff08\u521b\u5efa\u526f\u672c\uff09</li> <li>\u4efb\u610f\u6570\u91cf\u5b9e\u53c2\uff1a<code>def function_name(*parameters)</code>\uff0c<code>*</code> \u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u5143\u7ec4\uff0c\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u503c\u90fd\u5c01\u88c5\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5143\u7ec4\u4e2d\u3002</li> <li>\u4efb\u610f\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5b9e\u53c2\uff1a<code>def function_name(**parameters)</code>\uff0c<code>**</code> \u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u503c\u90fd\u5c01\u88c5\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u987a\u5e8f</p> <ul> <li>\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u8c03\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u90fd\u5e94\u5f53\u6309\u666e\u901a\u5f62\u53c2\u3001\u5e26\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u7684\u5f62\u53c2\u3001\u4efb\u610f\u6570\u91cf\u5f62\u53c2\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\u3002</li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_12","title":"\u5c06\u51fd\u6570\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d","text":"<ul> <li>\u5bfc\u5165\u6574\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\uff1a<code>import module_name</code></li> <li>\u5bfc\u5165\u7279\u5b9a\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<code>from module_name import function_name</code></li> <li>\u51fd\u6570\u522b\u540d\uff1a<code>from module_name import function_name as fn</code></li> <li>\u6a21\u5757\u522b\u540d\uff1a<code>import module_name as mn</code></li> <li>\u5bfc\u5165\u6240\u6709\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<code>from module_name import *</code></li> </ul> <p>\u51fd\u6570\u4ee3\u7801\u89c4\u8303</p> <ul> <li>\u5f62\u53c2\u6307\u5b9a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u65f6\u7b49\u53f7\u4e24\u8fb9\u4e0d\u8981\u6709\u7a7a\u683c</li> <li>\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5b9e\u53c2\u7b49\u53f7\u4e24\u8fb9\u4e0d\u8981\u6709\u7a7a\u683c</li> <li>\u5bf9\u9f50\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\u884c</li> </ul> <pre><code>def function_name(\n        parameter_0, parameter_1, parameter_2,\n        parameter_3, parameter_4, parameter_5):\n    function body...\n</code></pre>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_13","title":"\u7c7b","text":"","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_14","title":"\u7f16\u5199\u7c7b\u7684\u57fa\u7840","text":"<ul> <li>\u4e0e\u7c7b\u6709\u5173\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u9700\u8981 <code>self</code> \u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4e14\u5fc5\u987b\u4f4d\u4e8e\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</li> <li>\u7c7b\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u3002</li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_15","title":"\u7ee7\u627f","text":"<pre><code>class ChildClass(ParentClass):\n\"\"\"docstring\"\"\"\n    def __init__(self, parameters):\n        super().__init__(parameters)\n        self.attribute = value\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>\u5b50\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5 <code>__init__()</code> \u9700\u8981\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5 <code>__init__()</code> \u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3002</li> <li><code>super()</code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9 Python \u5c06\u7236\u7c7b\u548c\u5b50\u7c7b\u5173\u8054\u8d77\u6765\u3002</li> <li><code>super().__init__(parameters)</code>\uff1a\u8c03\u7528\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5 <code>__init__()</code>\u3002</li> <li>\u91cd\u5199\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5</li> <li>\u5c06\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7528\u4f5c\u5c5e\u6027\uff08\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u7c7b\u7684\u5d4c\u5957\uff09\uff1a\u4e00\u4e9b\u7c7b\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u62c6\u5206\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u534f\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5c0f\u7c7b\u3002</li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#python_1","title":"Python \u6807\u51c6\u5e93","text":"<ul> <li><code>collections</code> \u6a21\u5757\uff1a\u5305\u542b\u5f88\u591a\u6709\u7528\u7684\u7c7b<ul> <li><code>OrderedDict</code> \u7c7b\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u6dfb\u52a0\u987a\u5e8f</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_16","title":"\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5f02\u5e38","text":"<ul> <li><code>with</code> \u8bed\u53e5\uff1a\u5728\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\u5c06\u5176\u5173\u95ed\u3002</li> </ul> <pre><code>with open(filename) as file_object:\n    contents = file_object.read() # \u8bfb\u53d6\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\n    for line in file_object: # \u9010\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6\n        print(line.rstrip())\n</code></pre> <ul> <li><code>open()</code>\uff1a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4ee5\u53ea\u8bfb\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u8003\u8003\u4f60</p> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u95ee\u9898\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u51b3\uff1f</p> <ul> <li>\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u7a7a\u884c\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e24\u6b21\u6362\u884c</li> <li>\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u5168\u90e8\u5408\u5e76\u6210\u4e00\u884c</li> <li>\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u5b57\u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u503c</li> </ul> <p>\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>.read()</code>\uff1a\u8bfb\u53d6\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6</li> <li><code>.write()</code>\uff1a\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728\u672b\u5c3e\u6dfb\u52a0\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5f02\u5e38\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>try-except-else</code> \u4ee3\u7801\u5757</li> <li><code>pass</code> \u8bed\u53e5\uff1a\u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u4e0d\u505a\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5360\u4f4d\u7b26\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ee3\u7801\u7ed3\u6784\u6b63\u786e\u3002</li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_17","title":"\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801","text":"<p><code>unittest</code> \u6a21\u5757\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u6838\u5b9e\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u5426\u7b26\u5408\u9884\u671f\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5bfc\u5165 <code>unittest</code> \u6a21\u5757\u548c\u8981\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u51fd\u6570</li> <li>\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ee7\u627f <code>unittest.TestCase</code> \u7684\u7c7b</li> </ul> <pre><code>import unittest\nfrom name_function import get_formatted_name\n\nclass NamesTestCase(unittest.TestCase):\n\"\"\"\u6d4b\u8bd5name_function.py\"\"\"\n    def test_first_last_name(self):\n\"\"\"\u80fd\u591f\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u5904\u7406\u50cfJanis Joplin\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u59d3\u540d\u5417\uff1f \"\"\"\n        formatted_name = get_formatted_name('janis', 'joplin')\n        self.assertEqual(formatted_name, 'Janis Joplin')\n\nunittest.main()\n</code></pre> <ul> <li><code>NamesTestCase</code> \u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u4ee5 <code>test_</code> \u5f00\u5934\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u5c06\u81ea\u52a8\u8fd0\u884c\u3002</li> <li>\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65ad\u8a00\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<ul> <li><code>assertEqual(a, b)</code>\uff1a\u6838\u5b9e a == b</li> <li><code>assertNotEqual(a, b)</code>\uff1a\u6838\u5b9e a != b</li> <li><code>assertTrue(x)</code>\uff1a\u6838\u5b9e x \u4e3a True</li> <li><code>assertFalse(x)</code>\uff1a\u6838\u5b9e x \u4e3a False</li> <li><code>assertIn(item, list)</code>\uff1a\u6838\u5b9e item \u5728 list \u4e2d</li> <li><code>assertNotIn(item, list)</code>\uff1a\u6838\u5b9e item \u4e0d\u5728 list \u4e2d</li> </ul> </li> <li><code>setUp()</code> \u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u53ea\u9700\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u6b21\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u3002</li> <li>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<ul> <li><code>.</code>\uff1a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u901a\u8fc7</li> <li><code>E</code>\uff1a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5f15\u53d1\u9519\u8bef</li> <li><code>F</code>\uff1a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65ad\u8a00\u5931\u8d25</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_18","title":"\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u70b9\u9a6c\u8702\u5c0f\u5efa\u8bae","text":"<ul> <li>\u7c7b\u540d\u4f7f\u7528\u9a7c\u5cf0\u547d\u540d\u6cd5</li> <li>\u5b9e\u4f8b\u540d\u548c\u6a21\u5757\u540d\u4f7f\u7528\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u548c\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf</li> <li>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49\u540e\u90fd\u5e94\u5f53\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32</li> <li>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u90fd\u5e94\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32</li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#projects","title":"Projects","text":"","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#project-2","title":"Project 2 \u6570\u636e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316","text":"","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#json","title":"json \u6a21\u5757","text":"<p>\u5728\u7b2c 10 \u7ae0\u6211\u4eec\u5b66\u4e60\u4e86 json \u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u7b80\u5355\u56de\u987e\u590d\u4e60\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u6a21\u5757\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>json.dump(data, file_object)</code>\uff1a\u5c06 Python \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a JSON \u683c\u5f0f\u5e76\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u3002</li> <li><code>json.load(file_object)</code>\uff1a\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6 JSON \u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a Python \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a</p> remember_me.py<pre><code>import json\nfilename = 'username.json'\ntry:\n    with open(filename) as file_object:\n        username = json.load(file_object)\nexcept FileNotFoundError:\n    username = input(\"What's your name? \")\n    with open(filename, 'w') as file_object:\n        json.dump(username, file_object)\n        print(\"We'll remember you when you come back, \" + username + \"!\")\nelse:\n    print(\"Welcome back, \" + username + \"!\")\n</code></pre>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#matplotlib","title":"matplotlib","text":"<p>\u67e5\u9605\u624b\u518c</p> <p>\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u8bf7\u7ffb\u9605\u624b\u518c\u67e5\u627e\u7528\u6cd5</p> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u529f\u80fd\u5e94\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1f</p> <ul> <li>\u7ed8\u5236\uff1a\u6298\u7ebf\u56fe\u3001\u6563\u70b9\u56fe</li> <li>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6837\u5f0f\uff1a<ul> <li>\u6587\u5b57\uff1a\u6807\u9898\u3001\u5750\u6807\u8f74\u6807\u9898</li> <li>\u523b\u5ea6\uff08<code>tick_params</code>\uff09\uff1a\u6807\u8bb0\u3001\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u989c\u8272</li> <li>\u7ebf\u6761\uff1a\u7c97\u7ec6\u3001\u989c\u8272</li> <li>\u70b9\uff1a\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u989c\u8272</li> <li>\u5404\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5b57\u4f53\u5927\u5c0f</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#_19","title":"\u751f\u6210\u6570\u636e","text":"<p>\u5b8c\u6210\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4efb\u52a1\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u7ed8\u5236\u4ece 1 \u5230 100 \u7684\u5e73\u65b9\u56fe\u50cf\uff08\u5217\u8868\u89e3\u6790\uff09\u3002</li> <li>\u7528\u968f\u673a\u6f2b\u6b65\u65b9\u6cd5\u7ed8\u5236\u56fe\u50cf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6563\u70b9\u56fe\u548c\u6298\u7ebf\u56fe\uff08<code>random.choice()</code>\uff09\u3002</li> <li>\u4e3a\u56fe\u8868\u4f7f\u7528\u989c\u8272\u6620\u5c04\u3002</li> <li>\u4f7f\u7528 Pygal \u751f\u6210\u77e2\u91cf\u56fe\u5f62\u6587\u4ef6\u3002</li> <li>\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u63b7\u9ab0\u5b50\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u548c\u591a\u4e2a\u9ab0\u5b50\u3002</li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#csv","title":"CSV \u6587\u4ef6","text":"<ul> <li><code>csv</code> \u6a21\u5757\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165 CSV \u6587\u4ef6\u3002</li> <li><code>csv.reader(file_object)</code>\uff1a\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bfb\u53d6\u5668\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u9017\u53f7\u5206\u9694\u7684\u503c\u3002</li> <li><code>next(reader)</code>\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5176\u4ed6\u51fd\u6570\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>enumerate()</code>\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u503c\u7684\u5143\u7ec4\u5217\u8868\u3002</li> <li><code>datetime</code> \u6a21\u5757\uff1a</li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/PCC/#-strptime","title":"-   <code>strptime()</code>\uff1a\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u65e5\u671f\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002","text":"","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"books/ProGit/","title":"\u7cbe\u901a Git","text":"<p>ProGit \u8bfb\u4e66\u7b14\u8bb0</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/ProGit/#ch1","title":"Ch1. \u5165\u95e8","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>Git \u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f</p> <ul> <li>Git \u7531 Linux \u793e\u533a\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5904\u7406 Linux \u5185\u6838\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u3002</li> <li>Git \u5c06\u6570\u636e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5feb\u7167\u6d41\u3002\u540e\u7eed\u7ae0\u8282\u4f1a\u8bb2\u89e3\u5feb\u7167\u6d41\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002</li> <li>Git \u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u64cd\u4f5c\u5728\u672c\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 SHA-1 \u6563\u5217\uff0840 \u4e2a\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u5b57\u7b26\uff09\u6821\u9a8c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002</li> <li>Git \u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ea\u589e\u52a0\u6570\u636e\u3002</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/ProGit/#_1","title":"\u4e09\u79cd\u72b6\u6001","text":"<ul> <li>Committed</li> <li>Modified</li> <li>Staged</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/ProGit/#_2","title":"\u4e09\u79cd\u533a\u57df","text":"<ul> <li>Git \u4ed3\u5e93\uff08\u9879\u76ee\u5143\u6570\u636e\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff09</li> <li>\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\u4ece\u4ed3\u5e93\u4e2d\u5355\u6b21\u68c0\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\uff09</li> <li>\u6682\u5b58\u533a\uff08Git \u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff09</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/ProGit/#_3","title":"\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd","text":"<p>Git \u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u914d\u7f6e</p> <ul> <li><code>/etc/gitconfig</code>\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u548c\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u7528 <code>--system</code> \u4fee\u6539</li> <li><code>~/.gitconfig</code> \u6216 <code>.config/git/config</code>\uff1a\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u7528 <code>--global</code> \u4fee\u6539</li> <li><code>.git/config</code>\uff1a\u5355\u4e2a\u4ed3\u5e93</li> </ul> <p>\u6bcf\u4e00\u7ea7\u8986\u76d6\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ea7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002</p> <p>\u5b89\u88c5\u540e\u505a\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u662f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\uff1a<code>user.name</code> \u548c <code>user.email</code>\u3002</p> <ul> <li> <p><code>core.editor</code> \u7f16\u8f91\u5668</p> </li> <li> <p><code>git config --list</code> \u5217\u51fa Git \u627e\u5230\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u91cd\u590d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u503c\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002</p> </li> <li><code>git config &lt;key&gt;</code> \u67e5\u770b\u67d0\u4e2a\u952e\u7684\u503c\u3002</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/ProGit/#_4","title":"\u83b7\u53d6\u5e2e\u52a9","text":"<ul> <li><code>git help &lt;verb&gt;</code></li> <li><code>git &lt;verb&gt; --help</code></li> <li><code>man git-&lt;verb&gt;</code></li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/ProGit/#ch2-git","title":"Ch2. Git \u57fa\u7840","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/SFJSRMJD/","title":"\u7b97\u6cd5\u7ade\u8d5b\u5165\u95e8\u7ecf\u5178","text":""},{"location":"books/SFJSRMJD/#ch4","title":"Ch4. \u9012\u5f52","text":""},{"location":"books/SFJSRMJD/#_2","title":"\u6bb5\u9519\u8bef\u4e0e\u6808\u6ea2\u51fa","text":"<p>\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u683c\u5f0f</p> \u7cfb\u7edf \u683c\u5f0f Unix ELF DOS COFF Windows PE <p>\u201c\u6bb5\u201d\u662f\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u7684\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u67d0\u79cd\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u88ab\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u91cc\u9762\u3002\u7528 <code>size</code> \u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5404\u4e2a\u6bb5\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff1a</p> <pre><code>$ size test\n   text    data     bss     dec     hex filename\n   1934     616       8    2558     9fe test\n</code></pre> <p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>Text Segment\uff1a\u6b63\u6587\u6bb5\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u6307\u4ee4</li> <li>Data Segment\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u6bb5\uff0c\u5df2\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf</li> <li>BSS Segment\uff1aBSS \u6bb5\uff0c\u672a\u8d4b\u503c\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4</li> </ul> <p>\u8c03\u7528\u6808\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5806\u6808\u6bb5\uff08Stack Segment\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u8d8a\u754c\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u8d8a\u754c\u9020\u6210\u6bb5\u9519\u8bef\uff08Segmentation Fault\uff09\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\u6dfb\u52a0\u6808\u5e27\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u7684\u8d8a\u754c\u79f0\u4e3a\u6808\u6ea2\u51fa\uff08Stack Overflow\uff09\u3002</p> <p>\u5806\u6808\u6bb5\u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b58\u7740\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u8fc7\u5927\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u6808\u6ea2\u51fa\u3002</p> <p>\u6808\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u76f8\u5173\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>Linux \u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 <code>ulimit</code> \u547d\u4ee4\u6307\u5b9a\u3002<code>ulimit -a</code> \u663e\u793a\u6808\u5927\u5c0f\u3002</li> <li>Windows \u4e2d\uff0c\u6808\u5927\u5c0f\u50a8\u5b58\u5728\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<code>gcc -W1,--stack=16777216</code> \u5c06\u6808\u5927\u5c0f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a 16 MB\u3002     &gt; \u6808\u5927\u5c0f\u7531 <code>ld</code> \u6307\u5b9a\uff0c<code>-W1</code> \u5c06\u5176\u540e\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9 <code>ld</code>\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/","title":"Python \u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u57fa\u7840\uff08\u7b2c\u56db\u7248\uff09","text":"<p>Start Out with Python (Forth Edition)</p> \u51fa\u7248\u793e \u4f5c\u8005 \u5e74\u4efd \u673a\u68b0\u5de5\u4e1a\u51fa\u7248\u793e Tony Gaddis 2019 <p>\u7b80\u8bc4</p> <p>\u5728\u6211\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5bf9\u65b0\u624b\u5341\u5206\u53cb\u597d\u7684\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\u3002\u4e66\u4e2d\u5bf9\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u8bb2\u89e3\u57fa\u7840\u4e14\u8be6\u7ec6\uff08\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5bf9\u7f16\u7a0b\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u6765\u8bf4\u4f1a\u6709\u4e9b\u7e41\u7410\uff09\uff0c\u6bcf\u8282\u540e\u4f1a\u6709\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\u6a21\u5757\u95ee\u4f60\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4f60\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u7a7f\u63d2\u5728\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u805a\u5149\u706f\u6a21\u5757\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u5757\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\uff0c\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ece\u76ee\u6807\u5230\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5230\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u89c2\u5bdf\u4ee3\u7801\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u5de9\u56fa\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\uff08\u4f46\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u662f\u8ba9\u4eba\u6bd4\u8f83\u70e6\u7684\u4e00\u70b9\uff1a\u5b83\u7684\u4f8b\u7a0b\u51e0\u4e4e\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u90fd\u6709\u6ce8\u91ca\uff01Python \u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u672c\u8eab\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u5c31\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u592a\u591a\u6ce8\u91ca\u3002\uff09</p> <p>\u672c\u4e66\u5bf9\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u7f16\u6392\u6bd4\u300aPython \u7f16\u7a0b\uff1a\u4ece\u5165\u95e8\u5230\u5b9e\u8df5\u300b\u8981\u597d\u4e00\u4e9b\uff0c\u4f46\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002\u5728\u9605\u8bfb\u5b8c\u672c\u4e66\u540e\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u79fb\u6b65\u5230\u300aPython \u7f16\u7a0b\uff1a\u4ece\u5165\u95e8\u5230\u5b9e\u8df5\u300b\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u90e8\u5206\u5f00\u59cb\u9605\u8bfb\u3002</p> <p>\u672c\u4e66\u53d9\u8ff0\u5f88\u8be6\u7ec6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7ae0\u672b\u4e60\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u505a\u3002\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u505a\u7684\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5c0f\u8282\u540e\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5bf9\u672c\u8282\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u68c0\u9a8c\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5bf9\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fa\u57ab\u3002\u805a\u5149\u706f\u7684\u4f8b\u7a0b\u90fd\u8981\u770b\u8fc7\u4e00\u904d\uff08\u4e0d\u7528\u5f88\u7ec6\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u7591\u95ee\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u52a8\u624b\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u8bd5\u4e00\u8bd5\u3002\u5b9e\u8df5\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#ch1","title":"Ch1. \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0e\u7f16\u7a0b","text":"<ul> <li>\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4e0e\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\uff1f</li> <li>Python \u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u5de5\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u4ea4\u4e92\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u811a\u672c\u6a21\u5f0f</li> <li>IDLE \u7684\u7b80\u5355\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u7f29\u8fdb\u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u7b49\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#ch2","title":"Ch2. \u8f93\u5165\u3001\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u8f93\u51fa","text":""},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_1","title":"\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f","text":"<p>\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7a0b\u5e8f</p> <p>\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u804c\u4e1a\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u90fd\u4f1a\u544a\u8bc9\u4f60\uff1a\u5728\u6b63\u5f0f\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u524d\uff0c\u8981\u5bf9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u7cbe\u5fc3\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u9879\u76ee\u65f6\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u7edd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u9a6c\u4e0a\u9677\u5165\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u628a\u5f00\u59cb\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u6309\u90e8\u5c31\u73ed\u5730\u4ece\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5f00\u59cb\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u91cd\u70b9\u8bb2\u89e3\u4e86\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a\u7406\u89e3\u4efb\u52a1\u3001\u51b3\u5b9a\u6b65\u9aa4</li> <li>\u4f2a\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u6d41\u7a0b\u56fe</li> <li>\u7b80\u5355\u6d41\u7a0b\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u4e09\u7c7b\u5143\u7d20\uff1a\u692d\u5706\uff08\u7ec8\u6b62\u7b26\uff09\u3001\u5e73\u884c\u56db\u8fb9\u5f62\uff08\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\uff09\u3001\u77e9\u5f62\uff08\u5904\u7406\uff09</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_2","title":"\u8f93\u51fa","text":"<ul> <li><code>print()</code></li> </ul> <p>\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6280\u672f\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>print('one', end='')</code> \u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6253\u5370\u4f1a\u4ee5\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u7ed3\u5c3e\uff0c<code>end</code> \u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u672b\u5c3e\u3002</li> <li><code>sep=</code> \u6307\u5b9a\u8f93\u51fa\u5404\u9879\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u7a7a\u683c\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5d4c\u5957\u4f7f\u7528 <code>format()</code> \u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\uff0c\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u5b83\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u79f0\u4e3a\u683c\u5f0f\u9650\u5b9a\u7b26\u3002</p> <ul> <li><code>print('Your pay is$', format(1123.23, '12,.2f'), sep='')</code></li> <li>\u6700\u524d\u9762\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u662f\u57df\u5bbd\uff08\u53f3\u5bf9\u9f50\uff09\uff0c<code>.2</code> \u7cbe\u5ea6\uff0c<code>f</code> \u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c<code>d</code> \u6574\u6570\uff0c<code>e</code> \u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u6570\u6cd5\uff0c<code>,</code> \u9017\u53f7\u5206\u9694\u6570\u5b57\uff0c<code>%</code> \u8f93\u51fa\u4e3a\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_3","title":"\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32","text":"<ul> <li>\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 <code>'</code> \u6216 <code>\"</code> \u62ec\u8d77</li> <li>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u542b\u6709\u5355\u5f15\u53f7\u6216\u6487\u53f7\u65f6\uff0c\u7528\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\u62ec\u8d77\uff1b\u542b\u6709\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\u65f6\uff0c\u7528\u5355\u5f15\u53f7\u62ec\u8d77</li> <li>\u4e09\u5f15\u53f7 <code>\"\"\"</code> \u6216 <code>'</code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u62ec\u8d77\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e24\u79cd\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u4ee5\u62ec\u8d77\u8de8\u884c\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff08\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u88ab\u5305\u62ec\u8fdb\u6765\uff09</li> <li><code>+</code> \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u62fc\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c</li> <li>Python \u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u540c\u6837\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u8f6c\u4e49\u5e8f\u5217</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_4","title":"\u53d8\u91cf","text":"<ul> <li>\u201c\u5f15\u7528\u201d\u6982\u5ff5</li> <li>\u53d8\u91cf\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u5219</li> <li>==\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\u5206\u9694==\u7684\u547d\u540d\u6cd5\u5728 Python \u4e2d\u6bd4\u8f83\u5e38\u89c1</li> <li>Python \u5173\u952e\u5b57</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_5","title":"\u7c7b\u578b","text":"<ul> <li><code>int</code> \u548c <code>float</code> \u7c7b\u578b</li> <li>\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570 <code>type()</code> \u5224\u65ad\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u7c7b\u578b</li> <li><code>str</code> \u7c7b\u578b</li> <li>Python \u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u9879\u91cd\u65b0\u8d4b\u503c</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_6","title":"\u8bfb\u53d6\u8f93\u5165","text":"<ul> <li><code>input(prompt)</code> \u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5f62\u5f0f</li> <li><code>int()</code>\u3001<code>float()</code> \u4e0e <code>input()</code> \u5d4c\u5957\u8c03\u7528</li> <li>\u5f02\u5e38\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u5f02\u5e38\u6ca1\u6709\u5f97\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u5916\u5c06\u5bfc\u81f4\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ec8\u6b62\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_7","title":"\u8ba1\u7b97","text":"<ul> <li><code>//</code> \u6574\u6570\u9664\u6cd5\uff1a\u4f9d\u636e\u7ed3\u679c\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u820d\u5165\u65b9\u5f0f<ul> <li>\u6b63\u6570\uff1a\u622a\u65ad</li> <li>\u8d1f\u6570\uff1a\u56db\u820d\u4e94\u5165</li> </ul> </li> <li><code>**</code> \u6307\u6570\u8fd0\u7b97</li> <li>\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7</li> </ul> <p>\u4f8b\u5916</p> <p>\u6307\u6570\u8fd0\u7b97\u5171\u4eab\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4ece\u53f3\u5411\u5de6\uff0c\u5373\uff1a<code>2**3**4</code> = <code>2**(3**4)</code>\u3002</p> <p>\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362</p> <p>\u5728\u6df7\u5408\u7c7b\u578b\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u9690\u5f0f\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362</p> <ul> <li>\u6574\u578b\u5347\u7ea7\u4e3a\u6d6e\u70b9\u578b</li> </ul> <p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u524d\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f3a\u5236\u8f6c\u6362\u3002</p> <ul> <li><code>int()</code> \u622a\u65ad</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_8","title":"\u5176\u4ed6","text":"<ul> <li><code>#</code> \u6ce8\u91ca</li> <li><code>\\</code> \u884c\u8fde\u63a5\u7b26</li> <li>\u5706\u62ec\u53f7\u5185\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u7247\u6bb5\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u884c\u8fde\u63a5\u7b26</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_9","title":"\u6709\u540d\u5e38\u91cf","text":"<p>\u5e7b\u6570\uff08magic number\uff09\uff1a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u65e0\u6cd5\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u6570\u503c\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u6709\u540d\u5e38\u91cf\u66ff\u4ee3\u5e7b\u6570\uff0c\u589e\u5f3a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u81ea\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\uff08self-explanatory\uff09\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_10","title":"\u673a\u5668\u9f9f\u56fe\u5f62\u5e93","text":"<p>ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'tkinter'</p> <p>\u5728 WSL \u4e0a <code>import turtle</code> \u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u5982\u4e0a\u62a5\u9519\u3002\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u5b89\u88c5 <code>tkinter</code> \u5e93\uff1a</p> <pre><code>apt-get install python3-tk\n</code></pre> <ul> <li><code>turtle.showturtle()</code></li> <li><code>forward()</code>, <code>right()</code>, <code>left()</code>, <code>setheading()</code>, <code>heading()</code></li> <li><code>penup()</code>, <code>pendown()</code></li> <li><code>dot()</code>, <code>circle()</code> \u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\u9f9f\u9f9f\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5706\u7684\u5207\u7ebf\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5706\u5fc3\u3002</li> <li><code>pensize()</code>, <code>pencolor()</code>, <code>bgcolor()</code></li> <li>\u91cd\u8bbe\u5c4f\u5e55\uff1a<ul> <li><code>reset()</code> \u91cd\u7f6e\u753b\u7b14\u989c\u8272\u3001\u5f52\u4f4d\u3001\u64e6\u9664\u6240\u6709\u56fe\u5f62\u3002\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u80cc\u666f\u3002</li> <li><code>clear()</code> \u64e6\u9664\u6240\u6709\u56fe\u5f62\u3002</li> <li><code>clearscreen()</code> \u91cd\u7f6e\u3001\u5f52\u4e3a\u3001\u91cd\u7f6e\u80cc\u666f\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u672c\u8282\u7684\u5269\u4f59\u90e8\u5206\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u9f9f\u9f9f\u753b\u56fe\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6b64\u5904\u7565\u8fc7\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#ch3","title":"Ch3. \u9009\u62e9\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u5e03\u5c14\u903b\u8f91","text":""},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#if","title":"<code>if</code> \u8bed\u53e5","text":"<p>\u57fa\u672c\u5f62\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a</p> <pre><code>if condition:\n    block of statement\nelif condition:\n    block of statement\nelse:\n    block of statement\n</code></pre> <p>\u7f29\u8fdb</p> <p>Python \u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u901a\u8fc7\u7f29\u8fdb\u6765\u8bc6\u522b\u8bed\u53e5\u5757\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u3002</p> <p>True \u548c False</p> <p>True \u548c False \u662f Python \u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_11","title":"\u5e03\u5c14\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f","text":"<ul> <li><code>bool</code> \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3002</li> <li>\u5173\u7cfb\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u4e0e C \u4e2d\u76f8\u540c</li> <li>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u539f\u7406\u4e0e C \u4e2d\u7684 <code>strcmp</code> \u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002</li> </ul> <p>ASCII \u7f16\u7801</p> <p>\u518d\u56de\u5fc6\u4e00\u4e0b\u91cd\u8981\u7684 ASCII \u7801</p> \u5b57\u7b26 \u7801\u4f4d A~Z 65~90 a~z 97~122 0~9 48~57 space 32 <ul> <li>Python \u4e2d\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u662f\uff1a<code>and</code>\u3001<code>or</code>\u3001<code>not</code>\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u540c\u6837\u652f\u6301\u77ed\u8def\u5b9a\u503c\uff08Short-Circuit Evaluation\uff09\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_12","title":"\u673a\u5668\u9f9f\u6e38\u620f","text":"<p>3.7 \u8282\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u673a\u5668\u9f9f\u6295\u7403\u6e38\u620f\u3002\u6b64\u5904\u7565\u8fc7\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#ch4","title":"Ch4. \u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u6784","text":""},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#while","title":"<code>while</code> \u5faa\u73af","text":""},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#for","title":"<code>for</code> \u5faa\u73af","text":"<ul> <li>Python \u4e2d\u7684 <code>for</code> \u5faa\u73af\u7528\u4e8e\u9488\u5bf9\u4e00\u7ec4\u6570\u636e\u8fed\u4ee3\u5904\u7406\u3002</li> </ul> <pre><code>for variable in [value1, value2, etc.]:\n    statment\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#range","title":"\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668 <code>range()</code>","text":"<p>\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u79f0\u4e3a <code>iterable</code> \u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u7c7b\u578b\u3002</p> <pre><code>range(start, end, step)\nrange(end) # \u4ece 0 \u5f00\u59cb\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5217\u8868\u662f\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00\u7684\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u8003\u8003\u4f60</p> <p>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>range()</code> \u51fd\u6570\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u529f\u80fd\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u7528\u6237\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u6b21\u6570</li> <li>\u964d\u5e8f\u8fed\u4ee3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_13","title":"\u5faa\u73af\u529f\u80fd","text":"<p>\u672c\u7ae0\u7684\u5269\u4f59\u90e8\u5206\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5faa\u73af\u7f16\u7a0b\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u7f16\u5199\u7d2f\u52a0\u5668</li> <li>\u5e26\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u8d4b\u503c\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff08augmented assignment operator\uff09</li> <li>\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u8bb0\uff08Sentinel\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u8bb0\u6570\u636e\u5e8f\u5217\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u503c\uff09\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u675f</li> <li>\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5faa\u73af<ul> <li>\u542f\u52a8\u8bfb\uff08priming read\uff09</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u5d4c\u5957\u5faa\u73af</li> <li>\u4f7f\u7528\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u673a\u5668\u9f9f\u7ed8\u56fe\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff08\u7565\uff09</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#ch5","title":"Ch5. \u51fd\u6570","text":"<p>\u672c\u7ae0\u5148\u4ecb\u7ecd <code>void</code> \u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u518d\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6709\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002</p> <p>\u51fd\u6570\u547d\u540d\u4e0e\u53d8\u91cf\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u5219\u76f8\u540c\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_14","title":"\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u8c03\u7528","text":"<pre><code>def function_name():\n    statement\n\nfunction_name()\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528 <code>main</code> \u51fd\u6570\u3002</li> <li>\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u8bfb\u53d6 <code>def</code> \u8bed\u53e5\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u8bed\u53e5\u5904\u6267\u884c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u3002</li> </ul> <p>Python \u4e2d\u7684\u7f29\u8fdb</p> <p>Python \u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u4e60\u60ef\u4f7f\u7528\u56db\u4e2a\u7a7a\u683c\u7f29\u8fdb\u8bed\u53e5\u5757\u4e2d\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u884c\u3002</p> <p>\u53ea\u8981\u8bed\u53e5\u5757\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u884c\u90fd\u7f29\u8fdb\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u610f\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u7a7a\u683c\u3002</p> <p>Tab \u952e\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u8981\u4e0e\u7a7a\u683c\u6df7\u7528\u3002</p> <p>Tip</p> <p>\u8bed\u53e5\u5757\u4e2d\u7684\u7a7a\u767d\u884c\u4f1a\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u6309\u503c\u4f20\u9012\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_15","title":"\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7a0b\u5e8f","text":"<p>\u4e00\u822c\u9075\u4ece\u81ea\u9876\u5411\u4e0b\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6d41\u7a0b\u56fe\uff1a\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u56fe\u793a <code>|| funciton ||</code>\u3002</li> <li>\u5c42\u6b21\u56fe\uff1a\u63cf\u8ff0\u51fd\u6570\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</li> </ul> <p>Tip</p> <p>\u591a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u56fe\u6765\u601d\u8003\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_16","title":"\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u4f5c\u7528\u57df","text":"<ul> <li>\u4e0e C \u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u5176\u4ed6\u51fd\u6570\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<ul> <li>\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u540c\u540d\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>Python \u5141\u8bb8\u6307\u5b9a\u5b9e\u53c2\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5f62\u53c2\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53c2\u6570\uff1a</li> </ul> <pre><code>parameter_name=value\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>\u6df7\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53c2\u6570\uff08keyword argument\uff09\u548c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\uff08position argument\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u51fa\u73b0\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_17","title":"\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf","text":"<p>\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf</p> <p>\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u90fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5e94\u8be5\u9650\u5236\u4f7f\u7528\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf</p> <ul> <li>\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\u4e3a\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u7528 <code>global</code> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u58f0\u660e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<ul> <li>\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u5219\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u8d4b\u503c\u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u601d\u8003</p> <p>\u4ece\u8fd9\u70b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0cPython \u7684\u8d4b\u503c\u8bed\u53e5\u540c\u65f6\u5177\u5907\u4e86\u521b\u5efa\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002</p> <pre><code>number = 0\n\ndef main():\n    global number\n    number = int(input())\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>Python \u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u5168\u5c40\u5e38\u91cf\u4e00\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u6a21\u62df\u3002\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u4e0d\u7528 <code>global</code> \u58f0\u660e\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u66f4\u6539\u8be5\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#import","title":"<code>import</code> \u548c\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u51fd\u6570","text":""},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_18","title":"\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u51fd\u6570","text":"<p>\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e93\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u7f6e\u5728 Python \u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5982 <code>print</code>\u3001<code>input</code>\u3001<code>range</code> \u7b49\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u5e93\u51fd\u6570\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u6a21\u5757\uff08module\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u5b89\u88c5 Python \u65f6\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0a\u3002</p> <p>\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7528 <code>import</code> \u8bed\u53e5\u5bfc\u5165\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5e76\u7528 <code>module.function()</code> \u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u3002</p> <pre><code>import random\n\nrandom.randint()\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_19","title":"\u968f\u673a\u6570\u5e93\u51fd\u6570","text":"<p><code>random</code> \u5e93\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>randint(start, end)</code> \u4ea7\u751f\u95ed\u533a\u95f4\u5185\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6574\u6570</li> <li><code>randrange(start, end, step)</code> \u548c <code>range()</code> \u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6574\u6570</li> <li><code>random()</code> \u4ea7\u751f 0.0 \u5230 1.0 \uff08\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\uff09\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570</li> <li><code>uniform(start, end)</code> \u8303\u56f4\u5185\u968f\u673a\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570</li> </ul> <p><code>random</code> \u5e93\u751f\u6210\u7684\u4e5f\u662f\u4f2a\u968f\u673a\u6570\u3002\u5bfc\u5165 <code>random</code> \u5e93\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u83b7\u53d6\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u949f\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u79cd\u5b50\u503c\u3002</p> <p>\u5b89\u5168\u4e0a\u7684\u63d0\u793a</p> <p>\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u949f\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u5ea6\u4e00\u822c\u4e3a 0.01 \u79d2\u3002</p> <p>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>seed()</code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u79cd\u5b50\u503c\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u80fd\u5236\u9020\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6570\u5e8f\u5217\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_20","title":"\u7f16\u5199\u6709\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7684\u51fd\u6570","text":"<p>\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u7528 <code>return</code> \u8bed\u53e5\u5c06\u503c\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> <p>\u672c\u8282\u8fd8\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528 IPO \u56fe\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u3001\u5904\u7406\u548c\u8f93\u51fa\u3002</p> <p>\u5728 Python \u4e2d\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd4\u56de\u591a\u4e2a\u503c\u3002\u5728\u8d4b\u503c\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u7b49\u53f7\u53f3\u8fb9\u653e\u7f6e\u5bf9\u5e94\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002</p> <pre><code>def multi_ret(val1, val2):\n    return val1, val2\n\na, b = multiret(c, d)\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#math","title":"<code>math</code> \u5e93","text":"<p>\u9664\u4e86\u548c C \u5e93\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>ceil()</code></li> <li><code>degrees()</code>, <code>radians()</code></li> <li><code>exp()</code></li> <li><code>floor()</code></li> <li><code>hypot(x, y)</code></li> <li><code>log10()</code></li> </ul> <p>\u5e38\u91cf\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>math.pi</code></li> <li><code>math.e</code></li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_21","title":"\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7f16\u7a0b","text":"<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u5199\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u3002Python \u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4f1a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u548c\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u67e5\u627e\u6a21\u5757\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_22","title":"\u673a\u5668\u9f9f\u6765\u54af\uff01","text":"<p>\u672c\u8282\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u673a\u5668\u9f9f\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u7565\u8fc7\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#ch6","title":"Ch6. \u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5f02\u5e38","text":""},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_23","title":"\u6587\u4ef6\u7b80\u4ecb","text":"<p>Python \u5141\u8bb8\u5904\u7406\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u53ea\u8bb2\u89e3\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002Python \u540c\u6837\u63d0\u4f9b\u987a\u5e8f\u5b58\u53d6\u548c\u968f\u673a\u5b58\u53d6\uff08\u76f4\u63a5\u5b58\u53d6\uff09\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8bbf\u95ee\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u53ea\u8bb2\u89e3\u987a\u5e8f\u5b58\u53d6\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6982\u5ff5</li> </ul> <p>\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u4e0e\u7279\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002Python \u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002</p> <ul> <li><code>open(filename, mode)</code> \u51fd\u6570</li> </ul> <p>\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002</p> <p>\u672c\u4e66\u53ea\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e09\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a<code>r</code>, <code>w</code>, <code>a</code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0e C \u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u4ee5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5f62\u5f0f\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f Windows \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u5728\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u524d\u52a0\u4e0a <code>r</code>\uff1a</p> <pre><code>test_file = open(r'C:\\User\\test.txt', 'w')\n</code></pre> <p>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u524d\u7f00</p> <p>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u524d\u7f00 <code>r</code> \u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u59cb\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u5c06\u4e0d\u4f1a\u89e3\u91ca\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u8f6c\u4e49\u5e8f\u5217\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6</li> </ul> <p>\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61\u6709 <code>write()</code> \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ea\u63a5\u53d7\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\uff1a</p> <pre><code>test_file.write(string)\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6</li> </ul> <p><code>read()</code> \u8fd4\u56de\u6587\u4ef6\u5168\u90e8\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c<code>readLine()</code> \u8fd4\u56de\u5305\u62ec <code>\\n</code> \u7684\u4e00\u884c\u3002\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u5c3e\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u7a7a\u4e32\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5faa\u73af\u63a7\u5236\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6 <code>close()</code>\u3002</li> <li><code>rstrip(str)</code> \u4ece\u53f3\u4fa7\u53bb\u9664\u7279\u5b9a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u6d88\u9664\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u3002</li> <li><code>str()</code> \u5c06\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_24","title":"\u6587\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af\u63a7\u5236","text":"<p>Python \u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u7f16\u5199\u4f18\u96c5\u7684 <code>for</code> \u5faa\u73af\uff1a</p> <pre><code>for variable in file_object:\n    statement\n</code></pre> <p>\u8be5\u5faa\u73af\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6bcf\u884c\u8fed\u4ee3\u4e00\u6b21\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_25","title":"\u5904\u7406\u8bb0\u5f55","text":"<p>\u7b2c 6.3 \u8282\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5904\u7406\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u4f8b\u7a0b\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u4ed4\u7ec6\u7814\u8bfb\uff0c\u5199\u4e00\u904d\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u672c\u8282\u5e94\u5f53\u638c\u63e1\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u8bb0\u5f55\u548c\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u6982\u5ff5</li> <li>\u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u663e\u793a\u8bb0\u5f55</li> <li>\u641c\u7d22\u8bb0\u5f55</li> <li>\u4fee\u6539\u8bb0\u5f55</li> <li>\u5220\u9664\u8bb0\u5f55</li> </ul> <p>\u968f\u673a\u5b58\u53d6\u65b9\u6cd5</p> <p>\u5728\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ec5\u91c7\u7528\u987a\u5e8f\u5b58\u53d6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4fee\u6539\u548c\u5220\u9664\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5b66\u4e60\u4f7f\u7528\u968f\u673a\u8bfb\u5199\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b58\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4f8b\u7a0b\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\uff1a<code>os.remove()</code> \u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6\u548c <code>os.rename()</code> \u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6587\u4ef6\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_26","title":"\u5f02\u5e38","text":"<p>\u5f02\u5e38\u662f\u5bfc\u81f4\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7a81\u7136\u505c\u6b62\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>try</code> \u548c <code>except</code> \u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7528\u67d0\u4e2a\u6570\u9664\u4ee5 0\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u770b\u89c1\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a traceback\u3002</p> <pre><code>Traceback (most recent call last):\n    File \"C:\\Python\\division.py,\" line 13, in &lt;module&gt;\n        main()\nZeroDivisionError: integer division or modulo by zero\n</code></pre> <p>traceback \u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\u663e\u793a\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u7b80\u8981\u8bf4\u660e\u3002</p> <p>\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f02\u5e38\u603b\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u907f\u514d\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u7528\u6237 <code>input</code> \u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u76f8\u4e58\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a <code>int()</code> \u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5c31\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4 <code>ValueError</code> \u5f02\u5e38\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_27","title":"\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u53e5\u67c4","text":"<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4ee3\u7801\u7528\u4e8e\u5f02\u5e38\u629b\u51fa\u65f6\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a</p> <pre><code>try:\n    statement\nexcept ExceptionName:\n    statement\nelse:\n    statement\nfinally:\n    statement\n</code></pre> <ul> <li><code>try</code> \u8bed\u53e5\u5757\u662f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u53d1\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u8bed\u53e5</li> <li>\u5f53 <code>try</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bed\u53e5\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u540e\uff1a<ul> <li>\u82e5\u662f <code>except</code> \u8bed\u53e5\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u5219\u7acb\u523b\u6267\u884c <code>except</code> \u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6267\u884c <code>try/except</code> \u5757\u540e\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u3002</li> <li>\u82e5\u4e0d\u662f <code>except</code> \u8bed\u53e5\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u5219\u8f93\u51fa <code>traceback</code> \u5e76\u505c\u6b62</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u82e5\u6ca1\u6709\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u5219 <code>except</code> \u5757\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u3002</li> <li>\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a\u5f02\u5e38\u540d\u79f0\u7684 <code>except</code> \u8bed\u53e5\u3002</li> <li><code>else</code> \u8bed\u53e5\u5757\u53ea\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6267\u884c\u3002</li> <li><code>finally</code> \u8bed\u53e5\u5757\u5728 <code>try</code> \u548c\u6240\u6709\u5f02\u5e38\u53e5\u67c4\u6267\u884c\u540e\u6267\u884c\uff08\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5f02\u5e38\uff09\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u6267\u884c\u6e05\u7406\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u7b49\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_28","title":"\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61","text":"<p>\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u65f6\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u5173\u4e8e\u8be5\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u9519\u8bef\u6d88\u606f\u3002</p> <pre><code>except ValueError as err:\n</code></pre> <p>\u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u505a\u6cd5\u5c06\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61\u8d4b\u7ed9 <code>err</code> \u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9 <code>print()</code> \u7b49\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u663e\u793a Python \u4e3a\u8be5\u7c7b\u9519\u8bef\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u9519\u8bef\u6d88\u606f\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#ch7","title":"Ch7. \u5217\u8868\u548c\u5143\u7ec4","text":"<p>\u5e8f\u5217\u662f\u4fdd\u5b58\u591a\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u9879\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u5b58\u50a8\u3002\u4e24\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u5e8f\u5217\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\uff1a\u5217\u8868\u548c\u5143\u7ec4\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bb9\u7eb3\u5404\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u5217\u8868\u662f\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\uff0c\u5143\u7ec4\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_29","title":"\u5217\u8868","text":"<pre><code>even_numbers = [2, 4, 6, 8, 10]\ninfo = ['Alice', 27, 10.45]\n</code></pre> <p>\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>list()</code> \u5c06\u7279\u5b9a\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\u3002     <pre><code>numbers = list(range(5))\n</code></pre></li> <li><code>*</code> \u91cd\u590d\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff1a\u5f53\u5b83\u7684\u5de6\u8fb9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u53f3\u8fb9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u590d\u5236\u5217\u8868\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u526f\u672c\u5e76\u8fde\u63a5     <pre><code>numbers = [0] * 5\n</code></pre></li> <li><code>for</code> \u5faa\u73af\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5217\u8868\u4e0a\u8fed\u4ee3</li> <li><code>list[1]</code> \u4e0b\u6807\u8bbf\u95ee\u79f0\u4e3a\u7d22\u5f15\u3002<ul> <li>\u8d1f\u7d22\u5f15\u5c06\u4ece\u5217\u8868\u5c3e\u90e8\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u8d1f\u7d22\u5f15\u4e0e\u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\u76f8\u52a0\u5f97\u5230\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7d22\u5f15\u662f <code>[-1]</code>\u3002</li> <li>\u65e0\u6548\u7d22\u5f15\u5f15\u53d1 <code>IndexError</code> \u5f02\u5e38\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li><code>len()</code> \u8fd4\u56de\u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\u3002</li> <li>\u5207\u7247\uff1a<code>days[2:5]</code> \u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u4ece\u7d22\u5f15 2 \u5230\u7d22\u5f15 5 \u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5de6\u95ed\u53f3\u5f00\uff09\u3002<ul> <li>\u4ece\u5934\u5f00\u59cb\uff1a<code>days[:5]</code></li> <li>\u76f4\u5230\u5c3e\u90e8\uff1a<code>days[2:]</code></li> <li>\u6574\u4e2a\u526f\u672c\uff1a<code>days[:]</code></li> <li>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6b65\u957f\uff1a<code>days[1:8:2]</code></li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u65e0\u6548\u7684\u5207\u7247\u7d22\u5f15</p> <p>\u65e0\u6548\u7684\u5207\u7247\u7d22\u5f15\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u5f02\u5e38\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u8d85\u8fc7\u5c3e\u90e8\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6</li> <li>\u8d85\u8fc7\u5934\u90e8\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u5f00\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e</li> <li><code>start</code> \u5927\u4e8e <code>end</code> \u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u7a7a\u5217\u8868</li> </ul> <ul> <li>\u67e5\u627e\uff1a<code>item in list</code>\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e3a\u771f\u3002</li> <li><code>list.append(item)</code></li> <li><code>list.index(item)</code>\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\uff0c\u629b\u51fa <code>ValueError</code> \u5f02\u5e38</li> <li><code>list.insert(index, item)</code>\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a\u65e0\u6548\u7d22\u5f15\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u66ff\u4ee3\u3002</li> <li><code>list.sort()</code>\uff0c\u5347\u5e8f\u6392\u5217</li> <li><code>list.remove(item)</code>\uff0c\u79fb\u9664\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\uff0c\u629b\u51fa <code>ValueError</code> \u5f02\u5e38\u3002</li> <li><code>list.reverse()</code></li> <li>\u5220\u9664\uff1a<code>del list[2]</code></li> <li>\u6700\u503c\uff1a<code>max()</code> \u548c <code>min()</code></li> </ul> <p>\u62f7\u8d1d\u5217\u8868</p> <p>\u56de\u5fc6\uff1a\u5728 Python \u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u7ed9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u5f15\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002</p> <p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u4f7f\u7528\u5faa\u73af\u548c <code>.append()</code> \u590d\u5236\u5217\u8868</li> <li>\u4f7f\u7528\u8fde\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff1a<code>list2 = [] + list1</code></li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_30","title":"\u5904\u7406\u5217\u8868","text":"<ul> <li>\u521b\u5efa\u5217\u8868\u5e76\u904d\u5386\uff1a     <pre><code>hours = [0] * NUM\nfor index in range(NUM)\n    statement\n</code></pre></li> </ul> <p>\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u7528\u4e0b\u6807\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u7528\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5217\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_31","title":"\u5217\u8868\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6","text":"<p>\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61\u5177\u6709\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>file.writelines()</code> \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c06\u6574\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e0d\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u7a7a\u683c</li> <li><code>file.readlines()</code> \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c06\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u8fd4\u56de\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5217\u8868</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_32","title":"\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5d4c\u5957\u5217\u8868\uff09","text":"<p>\u5217\u8868\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5217\u8868\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_33","title":"\u5143\u7ec4","text":"<p>\u5143\u7ec4\uff08tuple\uff09\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u3002</p> <pre><code>tuple = (1, 2, 3, 4)\n</code></pre> <p>\u5143\u7ec4\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u4e0e\u5217\u8868\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u4e0b\u6807\u7d22\u5f15</li> <li>\u5404\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5982 <code>index()</code></li> <li>\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570\u5982 <code>len()</code>\u3001<code>min()</code> \u548c <code>max()</code></li> <li>\u5207\u7247</li> <li><code>in</code></li> <li><code>+</code> \u548c <code>*</code></li> </ul> <p>\u4e0d\u652f\u6301 <code>append</code>\u3001<code>remove</code> \u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u521b\u5efa\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5143\u7ec4\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u52a0\u9017\u53f7 <code>tuple = (1,)</code>\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u53ea\u662f\u8d4b\u503c\u3002</p> <ul> <li><code>list()</code> \u5c06\u5143\u7ec4\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u5217\u8868</li> <li><code>tuple()</code> \u5c06\u5217\u8868\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5143\u7ec4</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#matplotlib","title":"\u4e13\u9898\uff1a<code>matplotlib</code> \u5305","text":"<p><code>matplotlib</code> \u4e0d\u662f\u6807\u51c6 Python \u5e93\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a</p> <pre><code>sudo pip3 install matplotlib\n</code></pre> \u9644\u5f55 F\uff1a<code>pip</code> \u5de5\u5177 <p>\u8bb8\u591a\u72ec\u7acb\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u7f16\u5199\u7684 Python \u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u6807\u51c6 Python \u5e93\u4e0d\u5177\u5907\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5728 PyPI \u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u6a21\u5757\u3002</p> <p>PyPI \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e3a\u5305\uff0c\u4ece Python 3.4 \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c<code>pip</code> \u5de5\u5177\u8fdb\u5165\u6807\u51c6 Python\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 <code>pip</code> \u5de5\u5177\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff0c\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u662f\u5426\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a</p> <pre><code>sudo pip3 install package_name\npython3\n&gt;&gt;&gt; import package_name\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_34","title":"\u5bfc\u5165\u6a21\u5757","text":"<p><code>matplotlib</code> \u5305\u4e2d\u542b\u6709\u7684 <code>pyplot</code> \u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed8\u56fe\u529f\u80fd\u3002</p> <pre><code>import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\nplt.plot(arguments...)\n</code></pre> <p>\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u5bfc\u5165\u5e76\u4e3a\u6a21\u5757\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u522b\u540d\u3002\u56de\u5fc6\uff1a\u8c03\u7528\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u52a0\u4e0a\u524d\u7f00\u3002</p> \u9644\u5f55 E\uff1a<code>import</code> \u8bed\u53e5\u8be6\u89e3 <ul> <li>\u4ece\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u7c7b\uff1a<code>from math import sqrt</code><ul> <li>\u8fd9\u5c06\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u800c\u4e0d\u7528\u52a0\u4e0a\u6a21\u5757\u540d\u79f0\u3002</li> <li>\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u591a\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff1a<code>from math import sqrt, radians</code></li> <li>\u652f\u6301\u901a\u914d\u5bfc\u5165\uff1a<code>from math import *</code></li> </ul> </li> <li>\u522b\u540d\uff1a<code>as</code> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u4e3a\u6a21\u5757\u5206\u914d\u522b\u540d\u3002<ul> <li>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u4e0a\u9762\u7684 <code>from</code> \u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<code>from math import sqrt as sqaure_root, tan as tangent</code></li> </ul> </li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_35","title":"\u6298\u7ebf\u56fe","text":"<p>\u521b\u5efa\u6298\u7ebf\u56fe\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u56e0\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5217\u8868</p> <pre><code>x_coords = [0, 1, 2]\ny_coords = [0, 3, 1]\nplt.plot(x_coords, y_coords, marker='o')\nplt.title('title')\nplt.xlabel('x axis')\nplt.ylabel('y axis')\nplt.xlim(xmin = 1, xmax = 100)\nplt.xticks([0, 1, 2], ['Baseball', 'Basketball', 'Football'])\nplt.grid(True)\nplt.show()\n</code></pre> <p><code>marker</code> \u6807\u8bb0\u7b26\u53f7\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>s</code> \u25a0 \u65b9\u5f62 square</li> <li><code>o</code> \u26aa \u5706\u70b9 dot</li> <li><code>*</code> \u2b50 \u661f\u5f62</li> <li><code>D</code> \ud83d\udc8e \u94bb\u77f3\u5f62</li> </ul> <p>\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u6807\u8bb0\u5b57\u7b26\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u5165\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7528\u7ebf\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\uff1a<code>plt.plot(x, y, 'o')</code>\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_36","title":"\u6761\u5f62\u56fe","text":"<p>\u6761\u5f62\u56fe\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u5206\u522b\u4ee3\u8868\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6761\u5f62\u5de6\u8fb9\u7f18\u7684 X \u5750\u6807\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6761\u5f62\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u3002</p> <pre><code>left_edges = [0, 10, 20, 30, 40]\nheights = [100, 200, 300, 400, 500]\nplt.bar(left_edges, heights, color=('r', 'g', 'b', 'w', 'k'))\nplt.show()\n</code></pre> <ul> <li><code>width</code> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6761\u5f62\u56fe\u7684\u5bbd\u5ea6\u3002</li> <li>\u652f\u6301\u4e0e\u6298\u7ebf\u56fe\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u529f\u80fd\u3002</li> <li><code>plt.barh()</code> \u7ed8\u5236\u6c34\u5e73\u6761\u5f62\u56fe\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_37","title":"\u997c\u56fe","text":"<p>\u997c\u56fe\u4f7f\u7528 <code>pie()</code> \u51fd\u6570\u7ed8\u5236\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6247\u5f62\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<code>pie()</code> \u4f1a\u6309\u7167\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u76f8\u5bf9\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u8ba1\u7b97\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6247\u5f62\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u3002</p> <pre><code>slices = [10, 20, 30, 40]\nplt.pie(slices)\nplt.show()\n</code></pre> <ul> <li><code>labels</code> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6247\u5f62\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u3002</li> <li><code>colors</code> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6247\u5f62\u7684\u989c\u8272\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#ch8","title":"Ch8. \u6df1\u5165\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <ul> <li>\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c<ul> <li>\u9010\u5b57\u7b26\u8bbf\u95ee</li> <li>\u8fde\u63a5</li> <li>\u5207\u7247</li> <li>\u67e5\u627e\u5b50\u4e32</li> <li>\u91cd\u590d</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u5bf9\u8c61\u65b9\u6cd5<ul> <li>\u6d4b\u8bd5</li> <li>\u67e5\u627e\u4e0e\u66ff\u6362</li> <li>\u5206\u5272</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u524d\u4e00\u7ae0\u5b66\u8fc7\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>for</code> \u5faa\u73af\u53ef\u4ee5\u9010\u4e00\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u526f\u672c\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u6539\u53d8\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7684\u503c\u3002</li> <li>\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d6\u5f97\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u5355\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u526f\u672c\u3002\u7d22\u5f15\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u8d1f\u6570\uff0c\u4ece\u53f3\u5411\u5de6\u8ba1\u6570\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8d85\u51fa\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77 <code>IndexError</code> \u5f02\u5e38\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4e00\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>len()</code> \u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u957f\u5ea6</li> <li><code>+</code> \u8fde\u63a5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c<code>+=</code> \u8fde\u63a5\u5e76\u8d4b\u503c\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u5de6\u4fa7\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u53d8\u91cf\u3002</li> <li>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5207\u7247\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u7684</p> <p>Python \u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4f60\u4e0d\u80fd\u6539\u53d8\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u6539\u53d8\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002</p> <ul> <li><code>in</code> \u68c0\u67e5\u5b50\u4e32\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u3002</li> <li><code>not in</code> \u68c0\u67e5\u5b50\u4e32\u662f\u5426\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_38","title":"\u5bf9\u8c61\u65b9\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u4e0d\u5217\u51fa\u5168\u90e8\uff0c\u53ef\u81ea\u5df1\u7c7b\u63a8\u3002</p> <p>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>isdigit()</code></li> <li><code>isalnum()</code></li> <li><code>islower()</code></li> </ul> <p>\u548c C \u633a\u50cf\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u4fee\u6539\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>lower()</code></li> <li><code>lstrip()</code> \u4ece\u5de6\u4fa7\u5220\u9664\u7a7a\u767d\u5b57\u7b26</li> <li><code>lstrip(char)</code> \u4ece\u5de6\u4fa7\u5220\u9664\u5b57\u7b26</li> <li><code>rstrip()</code></li> <li><code>strip()</code> \u4ece\u5de6\u53f3\u5220\u9664\u7a7a\u767d</li> </ul> <p>\u67e5\u627e\u4e0e\u66ff\u6362\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>endswith(substring)</code> \u662f\u5426\u4ee5\u5b50\u4e32\u7ed3\u5c3e</li> <li><code>find(substring)</code></li> <li><code>replace(old, new)</code></li> <li><code>startswith(substring)</code></li> </ul> <p>\u91cd\u590d\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26 <code>*</code>\uff1a</p> <pre><code>for count in range(8, 0, -1):\n    print('z' * count)\n</code></pre> <ul> <li><code>split(char)</code> \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4ee5\u7a7a\u683c\u5206\u5272\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5217\u8868</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#ch9","title":"Ch9. \u5b57\u5178\u4e0e\u96c6\u5408","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <ul> <li>\u5b57\u5178</li> <li>\u96c6\u5408</li> <li>\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e8f\u5217\u5316</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_39","title":"\u5b57\u5178","text":"<p>\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u952e\uff1a\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5982\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3001\u6574\u6570\u3001\u5143\u7ec4</li> <li>\u503c\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u7c7b\u578b\u5bf9\u8c61</li> </ul> <p>\u521b\u5efa\u5b57\u5178\uff1a\u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u653e\u5728\u5927\u62ec\u53f7\u5185\u521b\u5efa\uff1a</p> <pre><code>book = {'xxx':'555-111', 'www':'666-111'}\n</code></pre> <p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u7a7a\u5b57\u5178\u3002</p> <p>\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6709\u5e8f\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u5b57\u5178\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u68c0\u7d22\uff1a<code>dictionary[key]</code><ul> <li>\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u65f6\u629b\u51fa <code>KeyError</code></li> </ul> </li> <li>\u68c0\u67e5 <code>in</code>, <code>not in</code></li> <li>\u6dfb\u52a0\u6216\u66ff\u6362\u5143\u7d20\uff1a<code>dictionary[key] = value</code></li> <li>\u5220\u9664\uff1a<code>del dictionary[key]</code></li> <li>\u6570\u91cf\uff1a<code>len()</code></li> <li><code>for</code> \u5faa\u73af\u53ef\u4ee5\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u952e</li> </ul> <p>\u5bf9\u8c61\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>clear()</code></li> <li><code>get(key, default)</code> \u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u65f6\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38</li> <li><code>items()</code> \u4ee5\u5143\u7ec4\u5f62\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\u6240\u6709\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u5b57\u5178\u89c6\u56fe\uff0c\u957f\u8fd9\u6837\uff1a<code>[('xxx', '555-111'), ('www', '666-111')]</code></li> <li><code>keys()</code> \u8fd4\u56de\u6240\u6709\u952e</li> <li><code>pop(key, default)</code> \u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94\u503c\u5e76\u5220\u9664\u952e\u503c\u5bf9</li> <li><code>popitem()</code> \u4ee5\u5143\u7ec4\u5f62\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\u968f\u673a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u5e76\u5220\u9664<ul> <li>\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u91cd\u8d4b\u503c\uff1a<code>key, value = dictionary.popitem()</code>\uff0c\u591a\u91cd\u8d4b\u503c\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u952e\u548c\u503c\u5206\u522b\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u591a\u4e2a\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li><code>values()</code></li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_40","title":"\u96c6\u5408","text":"<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u548c\u6570\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u7ec4\u552f\u4e00\u503c\u3002\u6b64\u5916\u5b83\u65e0\u5e8f\u3001\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u7c7b\u578b\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002</p> <p>\u521b\u5efa\u96c6\u5408\uff1a</p> <pre><code>myset = set()\n</code></pre> <p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a <code>set()</code> \u4f20\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u3001\u5143\u7ec4\u6216\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u7684\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5143\u7d20\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u53bb\u91cd\u5e76\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f20\u9012\u591a\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5982 <code>set('aa', 'bb')</code>\u3002</p> <p>\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>len()</code></li> <li><code>for</code> \u5faa\u73af\u8fed\u4ee3</li> <li><code>in</code> \u548c <code>not in</code></li> </ul> <p>\u5bf9\u8c61\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>.add()</code></li> <li><code>.update()</code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5143\u7d20</li> <li><code>.remove()</code> \u6216 <code>.discard()</code> \u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20<ul> <li><code>remove()</code> \u4f1a\u629b\u51fa <code>KeyError</code> \u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u800c <code>discard()</code> \u4e0d\u4f1a</li> </ul> </li> <li><code>.clear()</code></li> </ul> <p>\u96c6\u5408\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>union(set2)</code></li> <li><code>intersection(set2)</code></li> <li><code>difference(set2)</code><ul> <li>\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>-</code> \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26</li> </ul> </li> <li><code>symmetric_difference(set2)</code> \u8fd4\u56de\u4e24\u4e2a\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u4e0d\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u5bf9\u79f0\u5dee\u96c6\uff09<ul> <li>\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>^</code> \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26</li> </ul> </li> <li><code>issubset(set2)</code> \u662f\u5426\u662f\u5b50\u96c6</li> <li><code>issuperset()</code></li> </ul> <p>\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 <code>&lt;=</code> \u548c <code>=&gt;</code> \u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u4ee3\u66ff\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#pickling","title":"\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\uff08Pickling\uff09","text":"<p>\u5c06\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5b57\u8282\u6d41\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u79f0\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u3002\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684 <code>pickle</code> \u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002</p> <pre><code>import pickle\noutputfile = open('mydata.dat', 'wb')\npickle.dump(object, outputfile)\noutputfile.close()\n\ninputfile = open('mydata.dat', 'rb')\nobject = pickle.load(file)\ninputfile.close()\n</code></pre> <p>\u5f53\u8bfb\u53d6\u8d85\u8fc7\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u65f6\uff0c<code>load()</code> \u629b\u51fa <code>EOFError</code> \u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u524d\u9762\u5b66\u8fc7\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u6765\u8bc6\u522b\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\uff1a</p> <pre><code>while not end_of_file:\n    try:\n        person = pickle.load(input_file)\n    except EOFError:\n        end_of_file = True\n</code></pre> <p>Note</p> <p>Python \u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u540e\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u5982 C \u90a3\u6837\u7eaf\u51c0\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5728 C \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 <code>fwrite()</code> \u5411\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5199\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u53ea\u6709\u5b57\u7b26\u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u82e5\u5c06 Python \u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5bf9\u8c61\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u89e3\u7801\u51fa\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5219\u524d\u540e\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u6807\u8bb0\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#ch10","title":"Ch10. \u7c7b\u4e0e\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <ul> <li>\u521b\u5efa\u7c7b</li> <li>\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b</li> <li>\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5b9e\u4f8b</li> <li>\u5982\u4f55\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b</li> </ul> <p>\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u601d\u60f3\u5728 C++ \u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\u4e2d\u6709\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u518d\u8d58\u8ff0\u3002\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u5c01\u88c5\u3001\u516c\u5171\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u79c1\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u5c5e\u6027\u3001\u7c7b\u3001\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_41","title":"\u521b\u5efa\u7c7b","text":"<pre><code>class Coin:\n    def __init__(self):\n        self.sideup = 'heads'\n\n    def toss(self):\n        if random.randint(0, 1) == 0\n            self.sideup = 'heads'\n        else:\n            self.sideup = 'tails'\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u9700\u8981 <code>self</code> \u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u547d\u540d\u4e3a <code>self</code> \u4f46\u8fd9\u662f\u60ef\u4f8b\u3002</li> <li>\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7c7b\u90fd\u5177\u6709 <code>__init__()</code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff0c\u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002</li> <li>\u4e0a\u9762\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u7c7b\u4e2d\uff0c<code>sideup</code> \u5c5e\u6027\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u79c1\u6709\u7684\u3002\u8981\u9690\u85cf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u5982 <code>__sideup</code>\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_42","title":"\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b","text":"<pre><code>def main():\n    mycoin = Coin()\n</code></pre> <p>\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4e24\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\uff1a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u88ab\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_43","title":"\u6a21\u5757\u5316","text":"<p>\u628a\u7c7b\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 <code>import</code> \u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\uff1a</p> <pre><code>import coin\ndef main():\n    mycoin = coin.Coin()\n</code></pre> <p>\u8bb0\u5f97\u52a0\u4e0a\u5305\u540d\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_44","title":"\u65b9\u6cd5","text":"<ul> <li><code>__str__()</code> \u628a\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9 <code>print()</code> \u51fd\u6570\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u7528\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u5206\u7c7b\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u8bbf\u95ee\u5668\uff08Accessor \u6216 getter\uff09\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4fee\u6539\u5b83\u3002</li> <li>\u4fee\u6539\u5668\uff08Mutator \u6216 setter\uff09\uff1a\u4fee\u6539\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_45","title":"\u5b9e\u4f8b","text":"<p>\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u5e8f\u5217\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u7b49\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u524d\u4e00\u76f4\u505a\u7684\u90a3\u6837\u3002</p> <p>\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7c7b\u7684\u6280\u5de7</p> <p>\u4e66\u672c 10.4 \u8282\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u7c7b\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8303\u5f0f\u3002\u8fd9\u5957\u89c4\u5219\u6bd4\u8f83\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5b8c\u6574\u9605\u8bfb\u4e00\u904d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u52a8\u4ece\u6587\u5b57\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u7c7b\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7684 AI \u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6216\u8bb8\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u8fd9\u4e00\u8303\u5f0f\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#ch11","title":"Ch.11 \u7ee7\u627f","text":"<p>\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u7528\u8bcd</p> <p>\u672c\u4e66\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u8d85\u7c7b = \u57fa\u7c7b</li> <li>\u5b50\u7c7b = \u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b</li> </ul> <p>\u7ee7\u627f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd is a \u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5373\u5b50\u7c7b\u5177\u6709\u8d85\u7c7b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f7f\u81ea\u5df1\u7279\u6b8a\u5316\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u7279\u5f81\u3002</p> <p>\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ee7\u627f\u7684\u7c7b\uff0c\u5728\u7c7b\u540d\u540e\u8ddf\u4e0a\u8d85\u7c7b\u7684\u7c7b\u540d\u5373\u53ef\uff1a</p> <pre><code>class Car(Automobile):\n    def __init__(self, ...):\n        Automobile.__init__(self, ...)\n        self.__xxx = xxx\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>\u5b50\u7c7b\u7ee7\u627f\u4e86\u8d85\u7c7b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5c5e\u6027\u3002</li> <li>\u4e00\u822c\u8c03\u7528\u8d85\u7c7b\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/Archive/SOP4/#_46","title":"\u540e\u7eed\u7ae0\u8282","text":"<p>\u672c\u4e66\u7b2c 12\u300113 \u5f20\u5206\u522b\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u9012\u5f52\u548c GUI \u7f16\u7a0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8df3\u8fc7\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u8bf7\u79fb\u6b65\u81f3\uff1aPython \u7f16\u7a0b\uff1a\u4ece\u5165\u95e8\u5230\u5b9e\u8df5</p>"},{"location":"books/CSAPP/","title":"\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u89e3\u91ca\u6240\u6709\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5e76\u5c55\u793a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u5b9e\u5728\u5728\u5730\u5f71\u54cd\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5730\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u5b9e\u7528\u6027\u7684\u3002\u5b66\u4e60\u672c\u4e66\uff0c\u4f60\u80fd\u591f\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u77e5\u8bc6\u6765\u7f16\u5199\u51fa\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002</p> <p>\u5b66\u4e60\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u9884\u4fee\u8981\u6c42\u662f\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u5bf9 C/C++ \u8bed\u8a00\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e86\u89e3</li> <li>\u5bf9 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e86\u89e3</li> <li>\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u786c\u4ef6\u3001\u673a\u5668\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u6c47\u7f16\u8bed\u8a00\u7ecf\u9a8c</li> </ul> <p>\u9605\u8bfb\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u6700\u597d\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\uff1a\u8ddf\u7740\u505a\uff0c\u5728\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u89e3\u51b3\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002</p> <p>\u6bcf\u7ae0\u4f5c\u4e1a\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u9644\u5728\u7b14\u8bb0\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u8282\u3002\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ee3\u7801\u76f4\u63a5\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u4ed3\u5e93\uff0c\u4e0d\u5728\u7b14\u8bb0\u4e2d\u5c55\u793a\u3002</p>"},{"location":"books/CSAPP/Chapter1/","title":"Ch1. \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6f2b\u6e38","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u672c\u7ae0\u5feb\u901f\u8fc7\u4e86\u4e00\u904d\u672c\u4e66\u5c06\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u3002</p> <p>\u521d\u6b21\u9605\u8bfb\u65f6\u4e0d\u7406\u89e3\u6ca1\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6b7b\u8bb0\u786c\u80cc\uff0c\u672c\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\u4e66\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e00\u5c55\u5f00\u3002</p> <p>Amdahl \u5b9a\u5f8b</p> <p>\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u52a0\u901f\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u8be5\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u548c\u52a0\u901f\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff1a</p> \\[ S=\\frac1{(1-\\alpha)+\\alpha/k} \\] <p>\u5176\u4e2d \\(S\\) \u662f\u52a0\u901f\u524d\u540e\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6bd4\uff0c\\(\\alpha\\) \u662f\u6240\u52a0\u901f\u90e8\u5206\u5360\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u95f4\u6bd4\uff0c\\(k\\) \u662f\u8be5\u90e8\u5206\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3002</p> <p>\u5e76\u53d1\u548c\u5e76\u884c</p> <p>\u4e66\u672c\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u5e76\u53d1\uff08concurrency\uff09\u6307\u540c\u65f6\u5177\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002</li> <li>\u5e76\u884c\uff08parallelism\uff09\u6307\u4f7f\u7528\u5e76\u53d1\u4f7f\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u5f97\u66f4\u5feb\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u66f4\u6613\u61c2\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u5e76\u884c\uff1a\u4e24\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u4e92\u4e0d\u5e72\u6270\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u3002</li> <li>\u5e76\u53d1\uff1a\u540c\u65f6\u5b89\u6392\u82e5\u5e72\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4efb\u52a1\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f7c\u6b64\u7a7f\u63d2\u7740\u8fdb\u884c\uff1b\u6709\u4e9b\u4efb\u52a1\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5e76\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4e70\u83dc\u3001\u53d1\u90ae\u4ef6\u548c\u53bb\u5e7c\u513f\u56ed\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u8def\u9014\u662f\u91cd\u53e0\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u4f60\u7684\u786e\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u505a\u4e09\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff1b\u4f46\u8fdb\u83dc\u5e02\u573a\u548c\u53d1\u90ae\u4ef6\u548c\u63a5\u5a03\u4e09\u8005\u662f\u4e92\u65a5\u7684\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65f6\u523b\u53ea\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4ef6\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u5e76\u53d1\u5141\u8bb8\u4e24\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u5f7c\u6b64\u5e72\u6270\u3002 \u4e32\u884c\u8fd8\u662f\u5e76\u53d1\uff0c\u8fd9\u90fd\u662f\u4efb\u52a1\u5b89\u6392\u8005\u89c6\u89d2\u770b\u5230\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u201c\u5e76\u884c\u201d\u662f\u4efb\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u8005\u89c6\u89d2\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u7b80\u5355\u4e86\u89e3\u4e09\u4e2a\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ea7\u5e76\u53d1</li> </ul> <p>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b</p> <ul> <li>\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f<ul> <li>\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002</li> <li>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u662f\u72ec\u5360\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u5904\u7406\u5668\u3001\u4e3b\u5b58\u548c I/O \u8bbe\u5907\u3002</li> <li>\u4f7f\u7528\u5e76\u53d1\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea4\u9519\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff1a\u73b0\u4ee3\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7531\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ec4\u6210\u3002<ul> <li>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u90fd\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u5171\u4eab\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u5168\u5c40\u6570\u636e\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u80fd\u9ad8\u6548\u6ee1\u8db3\u5e76\u884c\u5904\u7406\u8981\u6c42\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u591a\u5904\u7406\u5668\u53ef\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u80fd\u6781\u5927\u63d0\u5347\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u8d85\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff1a\u53c8\u79f0\u540c\u65f6\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u6307 CPU \u6267\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u63a7\u5236\u6d41\u3002<ul> <li>\u5b9e\u73b0\u539f\u7406\u662f CPU \u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u786c\u4ef6\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u5907\u4efd\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u548c\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul>"},{"location":"books/CSAPP/Chapter2/","title":"Ch2. \u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u8868\u793a\u548c\u5904\u7406","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/CSAPP/Chapter2/#21","title":"2.1 \u4fe1\u606f\u5b58\u50a8","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u672c\u7ae0\u4e3b\u8981\u8bb2\u89e3\u4e00\u4e9b\u548c\u5b57\u8282\u7f16\u7801\u6709\u5173\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e0b\u4e00\u7ae0\u9605\u8bfb\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u636e\u5960\u5b9a\u57fa\u7840\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\uff1a<ul> <li>\u719f\u8bb0 <code>A, C, F</code> \u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8868\u793a\u5373\u53ef\u3002</li> <li>\u7ec3\u4e60\uff1a\u5bf9\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u505a\u52a0\u51cf\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002\u5982\u4f55\u501f\u4f4d\uff1f</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u5b57\u957f<ul> <li>\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u8bf4\u7684\u201c32 \u4f4d\u201d\u7b49\uff0c\u6307\u7684\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u5b57\u957f\uff0c\u5373\u6307\u9488\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6807\u79f0\u957f\u5ea6\u3002</li> <li>\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u201c32 \u4f4d\u201d\u6216\u201c64 \u4f4d\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u6307\u7684\u662f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002</li> <li>gcc \u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528 <code>-m32</code> \u548c <code>-m64</code> \u9009\u9879\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u5b57\u957f\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f<ul> <li>C \u6807\u51c6\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u8303\u56f4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u4e0b\u754c\uff0c\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e0a\u754c\u3002</li> <li>\u4f7f\u7528 C99 \u5f15\u5165\u7684 <code>int32_t</code> \u548c <code>int64_t</code> \u7b49\u7c7b\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u5927\u5c0f\u3002</li> <li>\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u6709\u7b26\u53f7\u7684\uff0c<code>char</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u672a\u4f5c\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u540c\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u5bfb\u5740\u548c\u5b57\u8282\u987a\u5e8f<ul> <li>\u5927\u591a\u6570\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5730\u5740\u662f\u6240\u5360\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002</li> <li>Intel \u673a\u5668\u4e00\u822c\u91c7\u7528\u5c0f\u7aef\u6cd5\uff1a\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u4f4d\u5b57\u8282\u653e\u5728\u6700\u524d\u9762\u3002\u6bd4\u5982 <code>0x123456</code> \u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u987a\u5e8f\u653e\u7f6e\u4e3a <code>56 34 12</code>\u3002</li> <li>Android \u548c iOS \u90fd\u53ea\u80fd\u91c7\u7528\u5c0f\u7aef\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u5728 ARM \u5fae\u5904\u7406\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u5176\u786c\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3a\u5927\u7aef/\u5c0f\u7aef\u4e24\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002</li> <li>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5b57\u8282\u987a\u5e8f\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u9001\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u636e\u3001\u68c0\u67e5\u673a\u5668\u7ea7\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u7f16\u5199\u89c4\u907f\u7c7b\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u7ec3\u4e60\uff1a\u4e66\u672c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 <code>show_bytes</code> \u4f8b\u7a0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u67e5\u673a\u5668\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u987a\u5e8f\u3002</p> <p>Note</p> <p>\u6307\u9488\u7684\u5f3a\u5236\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u6307\u9488\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u544a\u8bc9\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4ee5\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u770b\u5f85\u8be5\u6307\u9488\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4e66\u672c\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u6307\u9488\u548c\u7c7b\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u7531\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u6240\u63a7\u5236\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5e03\u5c14\u4ee3\u6570<ul> <li>\u638c\u63e1\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u56db\u79cd\u5e03\u5c14\u8fd0\u7b97\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u5728\u201c\u79bb\u6563\u6570\u5b66\u53ca\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u201d\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e2d\u3002</li> <li>\u4f4d\u5411\u91cf\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u4e3a\u96c6\u5408\u7f16\u7801\u3002</li> <li>\u7ec3\u4e60\u9898\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u5229\u7528 <code>a^a=0</code> \u6027\u8d28\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u4e09\u53d8\u91cf\u4ea4\u6362\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u4f46\u8bf7\u4e0d\u8981\u7528\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5bf9\u6307\u5411\u540c\u4e00\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u6307\u9488\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u6362\u65f6\u3002</li> <li>\u9700\u8981\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u6280\u80fd\u662f\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u6839\u636e\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u5e03\u5c14\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6784\u9020\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5e03\u5c14\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u89c2\u5bdf\u771f\u503c\u8868\u5bfb\u627e\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u5b66\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u89e3\u6790\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5e03\u5c14\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u79fb\u4f4d\u8fd0\u7b97<ul> <li>\u7b80\u8bb0\uff1a\u53f3\u79fb\u65f6\uff0c\u903b\u8f91\u8865 0\uff0c\u7b97\u6570\u8865\u6700\u9ad8\u4f4d\u3002\u79fb\u52a8\u65f6\u53d6\u6a21\u3002</li> <li>\u79fb\u4f4d\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4f4e\u4e8e\u52a0\u51cf\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u9ad8\u4e8e\u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/CSAPP/Chapter2/#22","title":"2.2 \u6574\u6570\u8868\u793a","text":"<p>\u8df3\u8fc7\uff01</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/CSAPP/Chapter2/#23","title":"2.3 \u6574\u6570\u8fd0\u7b97","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/CSAPP/Chapter3/","title":"Ch3. \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7ea7\u8868\u793a","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u672c\u7ae0\u5b66\u4e60\u6c47\u7f16\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u673a\u5668\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u5b66\u4e60\u672c\u7ae0\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u638c\u63e1\u7f16\u8bd1\u3001\u53cd\u7f16\u8bd1\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u591f\u9605\u8bfb\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\u3002</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/CSAPP/Chapter3/#_1","title":"\u672c\u7ae0\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177","text":"<ul> <li><code>gcc -Og -S test.c</code><ul> <li><code>-S</code>: \u8c03\u7528\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\uff08<code>.s</code> \u540e\u7f00\uff09\u3002</li> <li><code>-c</code>: \u8c03\u7528\u6c47\u7f16\u5668\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u672a\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u6ca1\u586b\u5165\u5168\u5c40\u503c\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff09\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u673a\u5668\u4ee3\u7801\uff09\uff08<code>.o</code> \u6216 <code>.obj</code> \u540e\u7f00\uff09\u3002</li> <li><code>-o</code>: \u6307\u5b9a\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u673a\u5668\u4ee3\u7801\uff09\u540d\uff08<code>.exe</code> \u6216\u65e0\u540e\u7f00\uff09\u3002</li> <li><code>-Og</code>: \uff08\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u4f18\u5316\uff09\u751f\u6210\u7b26\u5408\u539f\u59cb C \u4ee3\u7801\u6574\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u673a\u5668\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u672c\u7ae0\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u9009\u9879\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b66\u4e60\u5de5\u5177\u3002</li> <li><code>-O1, -O2</code>: \u8f83\u9ad8\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u4f18\u5316</li> </ul> </li> <li><code>objdump -d test.o</code><ul> <li><code>-f</code>: display file header information</li> </ul> </li> <li>GDB \u8c03\u8bd5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u4ee3\u7801<ul> <li>\u9996\u5148\u901a\u8fc7\u53cd\u6c47\u7f16\u5668\u786e\u5b9a\u8be5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u957f\u5ea6</li> <li>(gdb) x/14xb multstore</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/CSAPP/Chapter3/#31","title":"3.1 \u5386\u53f2\u89c2\u70b9","text":"<ul> <li>Intel \u5904\u7406\u5668\u7cfb\u5217\u79f0\u4e3a <code>x86</code>\u3002</li> <li><code>x86-64</code> \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u673a\u5668\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u7535\u8111\u548c\u53f0\u5f0f\u673a\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u3002<ul> <li>\u5b83\u517c\u5bb9\u5b83\u7684 32 \u4f4d\u524d\u8eab\u2014\u2014 <code>IA32</code>\uff08INtel Architecture 32-bit\uff09\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li><code>8086</code> \u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u5904\u7406\u5668\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\u5355\u82af\u7247\u300116 \u4f4d\u5fae\u5904\u7406\u5668\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002</li> <li><code>i386</code> \u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u5904\u7406\u5668\u3002\u5b83\u5c06\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\u6269\u5c55\u5230 32 \u4f4d\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u5e73\u5766\u5bfb\u5740\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0cLinux \u548c Windows \u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/CSAPP/Chapter3/#32","title":"3.2 \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7f16\u7801","text":"<p>\u5b66\u4e60\u673a\u5668\u7ea7\u7f16\u7a0b\u524d\uff0c\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u4e24\u79cd\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u6307\u4ee4\u96c6\u67b6\u6784\u548c\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5c06\u590d\u6742\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0\u62bd\u8c61\u4e3a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6307\u4ee4\u96c6\u67b6\u6784/\u6307\u4ee4\u96c6\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\uff08Instruction Set Architecture, ISA\uff09\uff1a\u5b83\u5b9a\u4e49\u5904\u7406\u5668\u72b6\u6001\u3001\u6307\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f\u3001\u6307\u4ee4\u5bf9\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<ul> <li>ISA \u5c06\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u6761\u6307\u4ee4\u987a\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u786c\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u8fdc\u6bd4\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u7cbe\u7ec6\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u5e76\u53d1\u6267\u884c\u8bb8\u591a\u6307\u4ee4\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u673a\u5668\u7ea7\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u6a21\u578b\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u7ec4\u3002<ul> <li>\u800c\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b9e\u9645\u5b9e\u73b0\u662f\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u786c\u4ef6\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7ec4\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u5b66\u4e60\u673a\u5668\u7ea7\u7f16\u7a0b\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u89c1\u5230 C \u5bf9\u4f60\u9690\u85cf\u7684\u5904\u7406\u5668\u72b6\u6001\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\uff08Program Counter\uff09\uff1a<code>%rip</code>\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0b\u4e00\u6761\u6307\u4ee4\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002</li> <li>\u6574\u6570\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a\u5305\u542b 16 \u4e2a\u547d\u540d\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u5b58\u50a864 \u4f4d\u503c\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8\u5730\u5740\uff08\u6307\u9488\uff09\u6216\u6574\u6570\u6570\u636e\u3002<ul> <li>\u53ef\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u7a0b\u5e8f\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e34\u65f6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5982\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u6761\u4ef6\u7801\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff1a\u6700\u8fd1\u6267\u884c\u7684\u7b97\u672f\u6216\u903b\u8f91\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u63a7\u5236\u6216\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u4e2d\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u5316</li> <li>\u4e00\u7ec4\u5411\u91cf\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u6574\u6570/\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4ece C \u5230\u673a\u5668\u8bed\u8a00\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u673a\u5668\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u5185\u5b58\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u770b\u4f5c\u6309\u5b57\u8282\u5bfb\u5740\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<ul> <li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5185\u5b58\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u673a\u5668\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6240\u9700\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u548c\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u6808\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\u5757\uff08malloc\uff09\u3002\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8d23\u7ffb\u8bd1\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9645\u5904\u7406\u5668\u4e2d\u5185\u5b58\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u673a\u5668\u6307\u4ee4\u4ec5\u6267\u884c\u975e\u5e38\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u76f8\u52a0\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u548c\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f20\u9001\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u5206\u652f\u5230\u65b0\u6307\u4ee4\u5730\u5740\u3002\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5fc5\u987b\u4ea7\u751f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u673a\u5668\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u53cd\u6c47\u7f16\u7279\u6027\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>x86-64 \u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u957f\u5ea6\uff1a1-15 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u4e0d\u7b49\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u6307\u4ee4\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u8f83\u5c11\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u6240\u9700\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u8f83\u5c11</li> <li>\u6307\u4ee4\u8bbe\u8ba1\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a\u67d0\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5b57\u8282\u53ef\u4ee5\u552f\u4e00\u89e3\u7801\u6210\u673a\u5668\u6307\u4ee4\u3002\u5982\u53ea\u6709 <code>pushq %rbx</code> \u662f\u4ee5\u5b57\u8282\u503c 53 \u5f00\u5934</li> <li>\u53cd\u6c47\u7f16\u5668\uff1a\u4ec5\u57fa\u4e8e\u673a\u5668\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u5217\u786e\u5b9a\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\uff1b\u6307\u4ee4\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u5219\u4e0e GCC \u6709\u4e9b\u7ec6\u5fae\u5dee\u522b\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 GCC \u7701\u7565\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u6307\u4ee4\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684 q\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u540e\u7f00\u662f\u5927\u5c0f\u6307\u793a\u7b26\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5ffd\u7565</li> <li>\u5bf9\u4e00\u7ec4\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u8fd0\u884c\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u6240\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\uff1a\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u542f\u52a8\u548c\u7ec8\u6b62\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u548c\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u4ee3\u7801</li> <li>\u94fe\u63a5\u540e\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u53cd\u7f16\u8bd1\uff0c\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u5de6\u4fa7\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u5730\u5740\u4e0d\u540c\uff1a\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u5c06\u5730\u5740\u79fb\u5230\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5730\u5740\u8303\u56f4\u4e2d\uff1b\u4e14\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u586b\u5145\u4e86 <code>callq</code> \u6307\u4ee4\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff08\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u4e4b\u4e00\uff1a\u627e\u5230\u5339\u914d\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff09</li> <li><code>nop(hex = 90)</code> \u6307\u4ee4\uff1a\u5bf9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6ca1\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u51fd\u6570\u4ee3\u7801\u53d8\u4e3a 16 \u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u653e\u7f6e\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7801\u5757</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<ul> <li><code>.</code> \u5f00\u5934\u7684\u884c\u90fd\u662f\u6c47\u7f16\u5668\u548c\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u7684\u4f2a\u6307\u4ee4</li> <li>\u4e66\u672c\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u57fa\u4e8eATT\uff0c\u4e0e GCC\u3001OBJDUMP \u548c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5176\u4ed6\u5de5\u5177\u76f8\u540c</li> <li>Intel\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u88ab Microsoft \u7684\u5de5\u5177\u6240\u91c7\u7528<ul> <li>\u7701\u7565\u6307\u793a\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u540e\u7f00\u5982 <code>q</code></li> <li>\u7701\u7565\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u524d\u7684 <code>%</code></li> <li>\u63cf\u8ff0\u5185\u5b58\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u540c</li> <li>\u5217\u51fa\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0e ATT \u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u4e24\u79cd\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u4e2d\u5f15\u8d77\u6781\u5927\u56f0\u60d1</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li>\u5728 C \u4e2d\u5d4c\u5165\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<ul> <li>\u7528\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u5199\u6574\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5728\u94fe\u63a5\u9636\u6bb5\u5408\u5e76</li> <li>\u5229\u7528 GCC \u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u5d4c\u5165\u4ee3\u7801\uff08\u5185\u8054\u6c47\u7f16 inline assembly\uff09\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 asm \u4f2a\u6307\u4ee4\u5728 C \u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u7b80\u77ed\u7684\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u8fd9\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0e\u673a\u5668\u76f8\u5173</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/CSAPP/Chapter3/#33","title":"3.3 \u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f","text":"<p>\u672f\u8bed\uff1a</p> <ul> <li> <p>\u5b57\u8282 byte: 8 \u4f4d</p> </li> <li> <p>\u5b57 word\uff1a16 \u4f4d</p> </li> <li>\u53cc\u5b57 double words\uff1a32 \u4f4d\uff0832 \u4f4d\u88ab\u770b\u4f5c\u957f\u5b57 long word\uff09</li> <li>\u56db\u5b57 quad words\uff1a64 \u4f4d</li> </ul> C \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b Intel \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b \u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\u540e\u7f00 \u5927\u5c0f(byte) \u5927\u5c0f(bit) char \u5b57\u8282 b 1 8 short \u5b57 w 2 16 int \u53cc\u5b57 l 4 32 long \u56db\u5b57 q 8 64 \u6307\u9488 \u56db\u5b57 q 8 float \u5355\u7cbe\u5ea6 s 4 double \u53cc\u7cbe\u5ea6 l 8 <p>\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u9001\u6307\u4ee4\u6709\uff1a<code>movb, movw, movl, movq</code></p> <ul> <li>\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u548c\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/CSAPP/Chapter3/#34","title":"3.4 \u8bbf\u95ee\u4fe1\u606f","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/CSAPP/Chapter3/#summary-x86-64","title":"Summary: x86-64 \u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784","text":"<p>\u901a\u7528\u76ee\u7684\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff1a16 \u4e2a\u5b58\u50a8 64 \u4f4d\u503c\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6574\u6570\u6570\u636e\u548c\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u90fd\u4ee5 <code>%r</code> \u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u547d\u540d\u662f\u6307\u4ee4\u96c6\u5386\u53f2\u6f14\u5316\u9020\u6210\u7684</p> <ul> <li><code>%rsp %esp %sp %spl</code>: \u6808\u6307\u9488\u6700\u4e3a\u7279\u522b\uff0c\u6307\u660e\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u6808\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u660e\u786e\u8bfb\u5199\u8be5\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668</li> <li><code>%rax %eax %ax %al</code>: \u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u5e38\u7528</li> <li><code>%rbx %ebx %bx %bl</code>: \u8c03\u7528\u8005\u4fdd\u5b58\u3002c,d \u662f\uff0c\u7b2c 4\u30013 \u4e2a\u53c2\u6570</li> <li><code>%rdi %edi %di %dil</code>: \u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662f <code>s</code></li> </ul> <p>\u6761\u4ef6\u7801\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff1a</p> <ul> <li> <p><code>PF(parity flag)</code>: \u5947\u5076\u6807\u5fd7\u3002\u5f53\u6267\u884c\u7b97\u672f\u6216\u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5f97\u5230\u8fd0\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u4f4e 8 \u4f4d\u4e2d\u6709\u5076\u6570\u4e2a 1\uff0c\u8be5\u4f4d\u7f6e 1\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u7f6e 0\u3002\u5728 C \u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u8ba1\u7b97\u8be5\u4fe1\u606f\u81f3\u5c11\u9700\u8981 7 \u6b21\u4f4d\u79fb\u3001\u63a9\u7801\u3001\u5f02\u6216\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u4e0d\u540c\u5927\u5c0f\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u90e8\u5206</p> <ul> <li>\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u4f1a\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u6709\u4e24\u6761\u89c4\u5219\uff1a1\u30012 \u5b57\u8282\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\uff0c4 \u5b57\u8282\u6307\u4ee4\u5c06\u9ad8\u4f4d\u5168\u90e8\u7f6e 0\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4ece IA32 \u5230 x86-64 \u6269\u5c55\u800c\u91c7\u7528\u7684</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/CSAPP/Chapter3/#_2","title":"\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570","text":"<ul> <li> <p>\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u51fa\uff1a\u5e38\u6570\u5f62\u5f0f\u3001\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u3001\u5185\u5b58\uff1b\u7ed3\u679c\u5b58\u653e\uff1a\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u3001\u5185\u5b58</p> </li> <li> <p>\u7acb\u5373\u6570\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u5e38\u6570\u503c\uff1a<code>$0x1F</code> \u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u51c6 C \u8868\u793a\u6cd5\u8868\u793a\u6574\u6570\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u6307\u4ee4\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u7acb\u5373\u6570\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u4e0d\u540c</p> </li> <li> <p>\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff1a<code>r_a</code> \u8868\u793a\u4efb\u610f\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff0c<code>R[r_a]</code> \u8868\u793a\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u503c</p> </li> <li> <p>\u5185\u5b58\u5f15\u7528\uff1a \u6839\u636e\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u5730\u5740\u8bbf\u95ee\u67d0\u4e2a\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740<code>M_b[Addr]</code>\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5bf9\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u4ece <code>Addr</code> \u5f00\u59cb\u7684 \\(b\\) \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u5e38\u7701\u53bb\u4e0b\u6807 \\(b\\)</p> <p>\u5185\u5b58\u5f15\u7528\u603b\u662f\u4ee5\u56db\u5b57\u957f\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u7ed9\u51fa\uff0c\u54ea\u6015\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6216\u53cc\u5b57</p> <ul> <li>\u5bfb\u5740\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a <code>Imm(r_b, r_i, s) = M[Imm + R[r_b] + R[r_i]*s]</code>\u6bd4\u4f8b\u53d8\u5740\u5bfb\u5740\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5f15\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\u901a\u7528\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f</li> <li><code>Imm</code>: \u7acb\u5373\u6570\u504f\u79fb</li> <li><code>R[r_b]</code>: \u57fa\u5740\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff0864 \u4f4d\uff09</li> <li><code>R[r_i]</code>: \u53d8\u5740\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff0864 \u4f4d\uff09</li> <li><code>s</code>: \u6bd4\u4f8b\u56e0\u5b50\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u662f \\(1,2,4,8\\)</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u4f8b\uff1a\u8ba1\u7b97<code>260(%rax,%rdx,4)</code> \u7684\u503c</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/CSAPP/Chapter3/#_3","title":"\u6307\u4ee4","text":"<p>\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u6307\u4ee4\u65f6\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u6bcf\u4e00\u7c7b\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6e90\u548c\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/CSAPP/Chapter3/#_4","title":"\u8bbf\u95ee\u4fe1\u606f","text":"<ul> <li> <p>\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u9001\uff1a\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u6e90/\u76ee\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6216\u6267\u884c\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u76f8\u540c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6267\u884c\u5212\u4e3a\u4e00\u7c7b\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0d\u540c</p> <ul> <li> <p><code>MOV S,D</code> \u7c7b\uff1a\u4e0d\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u4ece S \u5230 D</p> <ul> <li> <p><code>movb, movw, movl, movq, movabsq</code></p> </li> <li> <p>S\uff08\u6e90\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\uff09\u5e94\u5f53\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7acb\u5373\u6570\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u6216\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d</p> </li> <li> <p>D\uff08\u76ee\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\uff09\u5e94\u5f53\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u6216\u8005\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740</p> </li> <li> <p>\u4e24\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u4e0d\u80fd\u90fd\u6307\u5411\u5185\u5b58\uff1a \u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u4ece\u5185\u5b58\u590d\u5236\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u8f7d\u5165\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff0c\u518d\u5199\u5165\u76ee\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e</p> </li> <li> <p><code>movq %rax, -12(%rbp) \\\\register--memory 8bytes     movb (%rdi, %rcx),%al \\\\memory--register 1bytes</code></p> </li> <li> <p><code>movabsq</code>: \u5904\u7406 64 \u4f4d\u7acb\u5373\u6570\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ee5\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4f5c\u4e3a\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u5e38\u89c4 <code>movq</code> \u4ec5\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u4e3a32 \u4f4d\u8865\u7801\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u7acb\u5373\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6e90\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7b26\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\u5f97\u5230 64 \u4f4d\u503c\uff08\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7b26\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\uff1f\uff09</p> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u7c7b\u6570\u636e\u79fb\u52a8\u6307\u4ee4\u5c06\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u6e90\u503c\u590d\u5236\u5230\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4ee5\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u6216\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u4e3a\u6e90\uff0c\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4f5c\u4e3a\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u540e\u7f00\u6307\u793a\u6e90\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6307\u793a\u76ee\u7684\u5927\u5c0f</p> <ul> <li><code>MOVZ</code> \u96f6\u6269\u5c55\uff08zero-extend\uff09\uff0c\u5269\u4f59\u4f4d\u586b\u5145 0<ul> <li><code>movzbw, movzbl, movzwl, movzbq, movzwq</code></li> <li>\u6ca1\u6709 <code>movzlq</code> \u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 <code>movl</code> \u5b9e\u73b0</li> </ul> </li> <li><code>MOVS</code> \u7b26\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\uff08sign-extend\uff09\uff0c\u6e90\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u4f4d\u590d\u5236<ul> <li><code>movsbw, movsbl, movswl, movsbq, movswq, movslq, cltq</code></li> <li><code>cltq</code>: \u5c06 <code>%eax</code> \u7b26\u53f7\u6269\u5c55\u5230 <code>%rax</code>\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e <code>movslq %eax,%rax</code></li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u9001\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u793a\u4f8b</p> <pre><code>long exchange(long *xp, long y){\nlong x = *xp;\n*xp = y;\nreturn x;\n}\n</code></pre> <pre><code>exchange:\n  movq (%rdi), %rax\n  movq %rsi, (%rdi)\n  ret\n</code></pre> <p>\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u70b9\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u6307\u9488\u5c31\u662f\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u95f4\u63a5\u5f15\u7528\uff08\u89e3\u5f15\u7528\uff09\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u6307\u9488\u653e\u5728\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u5f15\u7528\uff08\u95f4\u63a5\u5bfb\u5740\uff09\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668</li> <li>\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u901a\u5e38\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u901f\u5ea6\u5feb\u5f97\u591a</li> <li>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u7b26\u53f7/\u96f6\u6269\u5c55\uff08\u5f3a\u5236\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u6570\u636e\u79fb\u52a8\u6307\u4ee4</li> </ul> <p>\u6280\u80fd\uff1aGCC \u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0a\u6709\u540e\u7f00\uff0c\u53cd\u7f16\u8bd1\u6ca1\u6709\u3002\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u6280\u80fd\u662f\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u8bc6\u522b\u6e90\u548c\u76ee\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u540e\u7f00</p> </li> <li> <p>\u538b\u5165\u548c\u5f39\u51fa\u6808\u6570\u636e\uff1a\u6808\u5411\u4e0b\uff08\u5c0f\u7684\u65b9\u5411\uff09\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5730\u5740\u662f\u6240\u6709\u6808\u4e2d\u5143\u7d20\u5730\u5740\u6700\u4f4e\u7684</p> <ul> <li><code>pushq, popq</code></li> <li><code>pushq %rbp</code> \u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u7b49\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u6761\u6307\u4ee4\uff1a<code>subq $8, %rsp; movq %rbq,(%rsp)</code>\uff0c\u5148\u9012\u51cf\u6808\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u518d\u5c06\u503c\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u4f4d\u7f6e</li> <li>\u3010Question\u3011<code>movq 8(%rsp),%rdx</code> \u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1f</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/CSAPP/Chapter3/#_5","title":"\u7b97\u672f\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u64cd\u4f5c","text":"<p>\u5206\u6210\u56db\u7ec4\uff1a\u52a0\u8f7d\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5740\u3001\u4e00\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u4e8c\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u79fb\u4f4d</p> <ul> <li><code>leaq</code></li> <li><code>INC,DEC,NEG,NOT</code></li> <li><code>ADD,SUB,IMUL,XOR,OR,AND</code></li> <li> <p><code>SAL,SHL,SAR,SHR</code></p> </li> <li> <p>\u52a0\u8f7d\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5740\uff08load effective address\uff09\uff1a\u6ca1\u6709\u5f15\u7528\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ece\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8bfb\u5165\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5c06\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5740\u5199\u5165*\u76ee\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\uff08\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff09</p> <ul> <li><code>leaq 7(%rdx,%rdx,4),%rax</code></li> <li><code>leaq</code> \u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7075\u6d3b\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u5668\u5e38\u5e38\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u52a0\u6cd5\u548c\u6709\u9650\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u4e58\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u7b80\u5355\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u65f6\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u5904</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u4e00\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\uff0c\u65e2\u662f\u6e90\u53c8\u662f\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u6216\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740</li> <li>\u4e8c\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u65e2\u662f\u6e90\u53c8\u662f\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u6e90\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7acb\u5373\u6570\u3001\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u4f4d\u7f6e<ul> <li>\u5f53\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u662f\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u65f6\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u5668\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u8bfb\u51fa\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u518d\u5199\u56de</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u79fb\u4f4d\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u7ed9\u51fa\u79fb\u4f4d\u91cf\uff08\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u7acb\u5373\u6570\u6216\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u5355\u5b57\u8282<code>%cl</code>\u4e2d\uff09\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9879\u662f\u8981\u79fb\u4f4d\u7684\u6570<ul> <li>\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u79fb\u4f4d\u8303\u56f4\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86 255</li> <li>\u5bf9 \\(w\\) \u4f4d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u79fb\u4f4d\u91cf\u662f\u7531 <code>%cl</code> \u7684\u4f4e \\(\\log_2 w\\) \u4f4d\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u9ad8\u4f4d\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565</li> <li>\u4f8b\uff1a<code>%cl = 0xFF</code>\u65f6\uff0c<code>salb</code> \u79fb\u52a8 \\(7\\) \u4f4d\uff0c<code>salq</code> \u79fb\u52a8 \\(63\\) \u4f4d</li> <li>\u5de6\u79fb\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57\u6548\u679c\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u3010\u8ba8\u8bba\u3011</p> <ul> <li>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5927\u591a\u6570\u6307\u4ee4\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u8fd0\u7b97\u548c\u8865\u7801\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u8865\u7801\u6210\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u6709\u7b26\u53f7\u6574\u6570\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u539f\u56e0<ul> <li>\u53ea\u6709\u53f3\u79fb\u64cd\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u533a\u5206\u6709\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/","title":"\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\uff08\u7b2c\u56db\u7248\uff09","text":"<p>Foundations Of Computer Science (4th Edition)</p> \u51fa\u7248\u793e \u4f5c\u8005 \u5e74\u4efd \u673a\u68b0\u5de5\u4e1a\u51fa\u7248\u793e Behrouz A. Forouzan 2022 <p>\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\u7b14\u8bb0\u5c06\u5168\u90e8\u91c7\u7528\u82f1\u6587\u3002\u4ec5\u5728\u672c\u6982\u8ff0\u90e8\u5206\u5217\u51fa\u4e2d\u6587\u76ee\u5f55</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#_2","title":"\u7ae0\u8282\u76ee\u5f55","text":"<ul> <li>\u7b2c 1 \u7ae0 \u7eea\u8bba Introduction</li> </ul> <p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8868\u793a\u4e0e\u8fd0\u7b97</p> <ul> <li>\u7b2c 2 \u7ae0 \u6570\u5b57\u7cfb\u7edf Number Systems</li> <li>\u7b2c 3 \u7ae0 \u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8</li> <li>\u7b2c 4 \u7ae0 \u6570\u636e\u8fd0\u7b97</li> </ul> <p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u786c\u4ef6</p> <ul> <li>\u7b2c 5 \u7ae0 \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7ec4\u6210</li> <li>\u7b2c 6 \u7ae0 \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u548c\u56e0\u7279\u7f51</li> </ul> <p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8f6f\u4ef6</p> <ul> <li>\u7b2c 7 \u7ae0 \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf</li> <li>\u7b2c 8 \u7ae0 \u7b97\u6cd5</li> <li>\u7b2c 9 \u7ae0 \u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8bed\u8a00 Programming Language</li> <li>\u7b2c 10 \u7ae0 \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5de5\u7a0b</li> </ul> <p>\u7b2c\u56db\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e0e\u62bd\u8c61</p> <ul> <li>\u7b2c 11 \u7ae0 \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784</li> <li>\u7b2c 12 \u7ae0 \u62bd\u8c61\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b</li> <li>\u7b2c 13 \u7ae0 \u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u6784</li> <li>\u7b2c 14 \u7ae0 \u6570\u636e\u5e93</li> </ul> <p>\u7b2c\u4e94\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u9ad8\u7ea7\u8bdd\u9898</p> <ul> <li>\u7b2c 15 \u7ae0 \u6570\u636e\u538b\u7f29</li> <li>\u7b2c 16 \u7ae0 \u5b89\u5168</li> <li>\u7b2c 17 \u7ae0 \u8ba1\u7b97\u7406\u8bba</li> <li>\u7b2c 18 \u7ae0 \u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd</li> </ul> <p>\u7b2c\u516d\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u8bdd\u9898</p> <ul> <li>\u7b2c 19 \u7ae0 \u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u5bfc\u8bba</li> <li>\u7b2c 20 \u7ae0 \u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u95ee\u9898</li> </ul> <p>\u9644\u5f55</p> <ul> <li>\u9644\u5f55 A Unicode</li> <li>\u9644\u5f55 B UML</li> <li>\u9644\u5f55 C \u4f2a\u4ee3\u7801</li> <li>\u9644\u5f55 D \u7ed3\u6784\u56fe</li> <li>\u9644\u5f55 E \u5e03\u5c14\u4ee3\u6570\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u7535\u8def</li> <li>\u9644\u5f55 F C\u3001C++ \u548c Java \u7a0b\u5e8f\u793a\u4f8b</li> <li>\u9644\u5f55 G \u6570\u5b66\u77e5\u8bc6</li> <li>\u9644\u5f55 H \u9519\u8bef\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\u7ea0\u6b63</li> <li>\u9644\u5f55 I \u7b26\u53f7\u52a0\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u6574\u6570\u7684\u52a0\u51cf\u6cd5</li> <li>\u9644\u5f55 J \u5b9e\u6570\u7684\u52a0\u51cf\u6cd5</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#ch1","title":"Ch1. \u7eea\u8bba","text":"\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u56fe\u7075\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u51af\u00b7\u8bfa\u4f9d\u66fc\u6a21\u578b <ul> <li>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u7528\u7684\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002</li> <li>\u56fe\u7075\u57281936\u5e74\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u300a\u8bba\u53ef\u8ba1\u7b97\u6570\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u5224\u5b9a\u4e0a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u300b\u4e2d\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u56fe\u7075\u673a\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<ul> <li>\u300a\u8bba\u53ef\u8ba1\u7b97\u6570\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u5224\u5b9a\u4e0a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u300b\u7b80\u5355\u7406\u89e3</li> <li>\u539f\u59cb\u8bba\u6587\uff1aOn Computable Numbers\uff0cwith an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u672c\u4e66\u4e3e\u4e86\u56fe\u7075\u673a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u2014\u2014\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u5668\uff1a\u7531\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u3001\u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\u3001\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ec4\u6210\u3002</li> <li>\u51af\u00b7\u8bfa\u4f9d\u66fc\u6a21\u578b\u8f83\u56fe\u7075\u6a21\u578b\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u662f\u5c06\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u4e2d\u3002<ul> <li>\u51af\u00b7\u8bfa\u4f9d\u66fc\u6a21\u578b\u7531 4 \u4e2a\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ec4\u6210\uff1a\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u3001\u7b97\u672f\u903b\u8f91\u5355\u5143\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u5355\u5143\u3001\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u5355\u5143\u3002</li> <li>\u6307\u4ee4\u987a\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u73b0\u4ee3\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u57fa\u4e8e\u51af\u00b7\u8bfa\u4f9d\u66fc\u6a21\u578b\u3002</li> </ul> \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u5386\u53f2 <ul> <li>\u673a\u68b0\u8ba1\u7b97\u5668\uff1a1930 \u5e74\u4ee5\u524d</li> <li>\u7535\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\uff1a1930~1950 \u5e74</li> <li>\u57fa\u4e8e\u51af\u00b7\u8bfa\u4f9d\u66fc\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\uff1a1950 \u5e74\u81f3\u4eca<ul> <li>\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\uff1a\u771f\u7a7a\u7ba1</li> <li>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4ee3\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a 1959~1965\uff1a\u6676\u4f53\u7ba1</li> <li>\u7b2c\u4e09\u4ee3\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a 1965~1975\uff1a\u96c6\u6210\u7535\u8def</li> <li>\u7b2c\u56db\u4ee3\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a 1975~1985\uff1a\u5fae\u578b\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc</li> <li>\u7b2c\u4e94\u4ee3\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a 1985~\uff1a\u638c\u4e0a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u3001\u53f0\u5f0f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4ee3\u5b58\u50a8\u5a92\u4f53\u3001\u591a\u5a92\u4f53\u3001\u865a\u62df\u73b0\u5b9e...</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#buml","title":"\u9644\u5f55 B\uff1aUML \u56fe","text":"<p>UML \u662f\u7edf\u4e00\u5efa\u6a21\u8bed\u8a00 Unified Modeling Language\u3002\u5b83\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u89c6\u56fe\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u89c6\u56fe\u3001\u884c\u4e3a\u89c6\u56fe\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u89c6\u56fe\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u884c\u4e3a\u89c6\u56fe\uff1a<ul> <li>\u72b6\u6001\u56fe\uff1a\u4e3b\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u4e94\u79cd\u7b26\u53f7</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#ch2","title":"Ch.2 \u6570\u5b57\u7cfb\u7edf","text":"<p>\u672c\u7ae0\u6982\u8981</p> <p>\u672c\u7ae0\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u719f\u6089\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u3001\u516b\u8fdb\u5236\u3001\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u548c\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u672c\u4e66\u4e3b\u8981\u4ee5\u7b97\u6cd5\u5f62\u5f0f\u7ed9\u51fa\uff0cCSAPP \u4e2d\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u6570\u5b66\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002</p> <p>CSAPP\uff1a\u5efa\u8bae\u4f60\u53cd\u590d\u9605\u8bfb\u6570\u5b66\u539f\u7406\u63cf\u8ff0\u548c\u793a\u4f8b\u4e0e\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u4f60\u5bf9\u8be5\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u5185\u5bb9\u53ca\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u6709\u4e86\u7262\u56fa\u7684\u76f4\u89c9\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u66f4\u52a0\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u63a8\u5bfc\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5316\u6570\u5b57\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u975e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5316\u6570\u5b57\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u7f57\u9a6c\u6570\u5b57\u7b49\uff09</li> <li>\u5176\u4ed6\u8fdb\u5236\u5230\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\uff1a\u76f4\u63a5\u8ba1\u7b97</li> <li>\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u8fdb\u5236\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\uff08\u7528 UML \u56fe\u8868\u793a\uff09<ul> <li>\u6574\u6570\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u8fde\u9664</li> <li>\u5c0f\u6570\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u8fde\u4e58</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a \\(n\\) \u4f4d\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5176\u4ed6\u8fdb\u5236\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u8ba1\u7b97\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4f4d\u6570\uff1f</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#ch3","title":"Ch.3 \u6570\u636e\u50a8\u5b58","text":"<p>\u672c\u7ae0\u6982\u8981</p> <p>\u7b80\u5355\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u6570\u5b57\u3001\u6587\u672c\u3001\u97f3\u9891\u3001\u56fe\u50cf\u3001\u89c6\u9891\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63cf\u8ff0\u90fd\u662f\u6982\u5ff5\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u6280\u672f\u7ec6\u8282\u9700\u8981\u67e5\u9605\u76f8\u5e94\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u6587\u6863\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u63cf\u8ff0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5b58\u50a8\u6574\u6570\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u5b83\u4eec\u80fd\u5b58\u50a8\u54ea\u4e9b\u6570\u5b57\uff1f\u5b58\u50a8\u3001\u8fd8\u539f\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u662f\u600e\u6837\u7684\uff1f\u4e3b\u8981\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\uff1f\u6ea2\u51fa\u60c5\u51b5\u5982\u4f55\uff1f<ul> <li>\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u793a\u6cd5</li> <li>\u7b26\u53f7\u52a0\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\uff08\u539f\u7801\uff09</li> <li>\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8865\u7801\u8868\u793a\u6cd5</li> <li>\u53cd\u7801\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\uff08\u672c\u4e66\u672a\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff09</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>CSAPP\uff1a\u7406\u89e3\u8865\u7801\u8868\u793a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u628a\u6700\u9ad8\u4f4d\u770b\u4f5c\u6743\u91cd\u4e3a\\(-2^{w-1}\\)\u7684\u4f4d</p> <p>\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7ed9\u51fa\u53cd\u7801\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u7406\u89e3\u53cd\u7801\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u6784\u5efa\u7684\uff1f</p> <p>\u6ce8\u610f\u53cd\u7801\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u6574\u6570\u7684\u53cd\u7801\u8868\u793a\u3002\u53cd\u7801\u8868\u793a\u7684\u6574\u6570\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u8d1f\u6570\u624d\u8fdb\u884c\u53cd\u7801\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <p>\u5b9e\u6570\u7684\u50a8\u5b58\uff1a\u6d6e\u70b9\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\uff08\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u6574\u6570\u90e8\u5206\u6216\u5f88\u5c0f\u5c0f\u6570\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6570\uff09\uff1a\u7b26\u53f7\u3001\u4f4d\u79fb\u91cf\u548c\u5b9a\u70b9\u6570</p> <ul> <li>\u89c4\u8303\u5316\uff1a\u5b9a\u70b9\u6570\u5c0f\u6570\u70b9\u5de6\u4fa7\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u96f6\u6570\u7801\u3002\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u540e\uff0c\u5de6\u4fa7\u7684 1 \u9690\u542b\u4e86\u3002</li> <li>\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\u79f0\u4e3a\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u6570\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u79f0\u4e3a\u6d6e\u70b9\u8868\u793a\u6cd5</li> <li>\u5c3e\u6570\uff1a\u5c0f\u6570\u70b9\u53f3\u8fb9\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u8be5\u6570\u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u6574\u6570\u5b58\u50a8</li> <li>\u6307\u6570\uff1a\u6709\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4f59\u7801\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\\((2^{m-1}-1)\\)\u88ab\u52a0\u5230\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u4e2d\uff08m \u4e3a\u5185\u5b58\u5355\u5143\u5927\u5c0f\uff09\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u79fb\u5230\u975e\u8d1f\u7684\u4e00\u904d\u3002\u5982 4 \u4f4d\u5b58\u50a8\u5355\u5143\u4f7f\u7528\u4f59 7 \u7801\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u662f\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6574\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u6216\u8fd0\u7b97\u65f6\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u7b26\u53f7\u3002</li> <li>IEEE \u6807\u51c6\uff1a\u5355\u8fdb\u5ea6\u4e3a 1\uff0c8\uff0c23\uff1b\u53cc\u7cbe\u5ea6\u4e3a 1\uff0c11\uff0c52</li> <li>\u50a8\u5b58\uff1a\u786e\u5b9a\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u8f6c\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\uff0c\u89c4\u8303\u5316\uff0c\u50a8\u5b58\u6307\u6570\u548c\u5c3e\u6570\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206</li> <li>\u8fd8\u539f\uff1a\u62c6\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u89e3\u7801\u4f4d\u79fb\u91cf\uff0c\u53bb\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u5c3e\u6570\uff0c\u8fd8\u539f\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u8f6c\u5341\u8fdb\u5236\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u7b26\u53f7</li> <li>\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u7684\u4e0a\u6ea2\u548c\u4e0b\u6ea2\uff1a\u4e3e\u4f8b\u5355\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u6700\u5927\u8d1f\u503c\u4e3a\\(-(1-2^{-24})\\times 2^{+128}\\)\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c3e\u6570 23 \u4f4d\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u6570\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u4e3a\\(2^{24}-1\\)\uff0c\u6307\u6570 8 \u4f4d\u4f59\u7801\u6570\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u4e3a\\(2^{8-1}=128\\)\u3002\u6700\u5c0f\u8d1f\u503c\u4e3a\\(-(1-2^{-1})\\times 2^{-127}\\)</li> <li>\u96f6\u7684\u7ea6\u5b9a\uff1a\u4e09\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u90fd\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a 0</li> <li>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u622a\u65ad\u9519\u8bef\uff1f</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#_3","title":"\u5b58\u50a8\u6587\u672c","text":"<p>\u8865\u5145\u77e5\u8bc6\uff1aASCII \u548c Unicode</p> \u7f16\u7801\u7c7b\u578b \u4f4d\u6570 ASCII 7 \u6269\u5c55 ASCII 8 Unicode 32","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#unicode","title":"UNICODE \u7684\u7f16\u7801\u7ed3\u6784","text":"<p>\u6bcf\u4e2a Unicode \u7f16\u7801\u4ee5\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u8868\u793a\u4e3a U-XXXXXXXX</p> <ul> <li>\u524d 16 \u4f4d\u5b9a\u4e49\u5e73\u9762</li> <li>\u540e 16 \u4f4d\u5b9a\u4e49\u5b57\u7b26</li> <li>ASCII \u5360\u636e Unicode \u4e2d\u524d 128 \u4e2a\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u5373 U-00000000 ~ U-0000007F</li> </ul> <p>ASCII \u8868\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6</p> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u7b26 \u5341\u8fdb\u5236 \u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236 \u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26 0 00 \u7a7a\u683c 32 20 0 48 30 9 57 39 A 65 41 Z 90 5A a 97 61 z 122 7A \u5220\u9664 127 7F","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#_4","title":"\u5b58\u50a8\u97f3\u9891","text":"<p>\u6587\u672c\u662f\u6570\u5b57\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u97f3\u9891\u662f\u6a21\u62df\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u91c7\u6837</li> <li>\u91c7\u6837\u7387</li> <li>\u91cf\u5316\uff1a\u622a\u53d6\u4e3a\u6700\u8fd1\u6574\u6570\u503c</li> <li>\u7f16\u7801<ul> <li>\u4f4d\u6df1\u5ea6\uff1a\u6bcf\u6837\u672c\u4f4d\u7684\u4f4d\u6570</li> <li>\u4f4d\u7387\uff1a\u6bcf\u79d2\u97f3\u9891\u4f4d\u6570\uff08\u4f4d\u7387\uff09=\u6df1\u5ea6 x \u6bcf\u79d2\u6837\u672c\u6570 $ R = B \\times S$</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u58f0\u97f3\u7f16\u7801\u6807\u51c6\uff1aMP3\uff08MPEG Layer3\uff09\uff0cS=44100\uff0cB=16\uff0cR=705600b/s\uff0c\u518d\u53bb\u6389\u4eba\u8033\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u538b\u7f29</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#_5","title":"\u5b58\u50a8\u56fe\u50cf","text":"<p>\u5149\u6805\u56fe\u6216\u77e2\u91cf\u56fe</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#_6","title":"\u5149\u6805\u56fe","text":"<ul> <li>\u91c7\u6837\u79f0\u4e3a\u626b\u63cf\uff0c\u6837\u672c\u79f0\u4e3a\u50cf\u7d20</li> <li>\u89e3\u6790\u5ea6\uff1a\u626b\u63cf\u7387\uff0c\u6bcf\u82f1\u5bf8\u7684\u65b9\u5757\u8bb0\u5f55\u591a\u5c11\u50cf\u7d20\u3002</li> <li>\u8272\u5f69\u6df1\u5ea6\uff1a<ul> <li>\u771f\u5f69\u8272\uff1a24 \u4f4d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e09\u539f\u8272 RGB \u8868\u793a\u4e3a 8 \u4f4d\uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u8272\u5f69\u90fd\u7531 0~255 \u4e4b\u95f4\u8868\u793a</li> <li>\u7d22\u5f15\u8272\uff1a\u8bb8\u591a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5e76\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5982\u6b64\u5927\u7684\u8272\u5f69\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u8272\u4ec5\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5bf9\u5176\u5efa\u7acb\u7d22\u5f15</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u56fe\u50cf\u7f16\u7801\u6807\u51c6\uff1a<ul> <li>JPEG \u4f7f\u7528\u771f\u8272\u5f69\uff0c\u4f46\u538b\u7f29\u56fe\u50cf\u51cf\u5c11\u4f4d\u7684\u6570\u91cf</li> <li>GIF \u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\u8272\u6a21\u5f0f</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#_7","title":"\u77e2\u91cf\u56fe","text":"<p>\u7531\u5b9a\u4e49\u5982\u4f55\u7ed8\u5236\u5f62\u72b6\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u547d\u4ee4\u6784\u6210\u3002\u8981\u663e\u793a\u56fe\u50cf\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f9d\u636e\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\u5927\u5c0f\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u7ed8\u5236\u56fe\u5f62\u3002</p> <p>TrueType\uff0cPostScript \u548c CAD\uff08\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8f85\u52a9\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff09\u4e3b\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u77e2\u91cf\u56fe</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#_8","title":"\u5b58\u50a8\u89c6\u9891","text":"<p>\u89c6\u9891\u662f\u968f\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u5355\u4e2a\u56fe\u50cf\uff09\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u56fe\u50cf\uff09\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u8868\u73b0</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#ch4","title":"Ch4. \u6570\u636e\u8fd0\u7b97","text":"<p>\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff1a\u7b97\u672f\u8fd0\u7b97\u3001\u79fb\u4f4d\u8fd0\u7b97\u3001\u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#_9","title":"\u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97","text":"<p>\u4f4d\u5c42\u6b21\u548c\u6a21\u5f0f\u5c42\u6b21\u4e0a\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97</p> <ul> <li>\u975e\u3001\u4e0e\u3001\u6216\u548c\u5f02\u6216</li> <li>\u601d\u8003\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u6a21\u62df\u5f02\u6216\uff1f\u5f02\u6216\u7684\u7279\u6027</li> <li>\u4f4d\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u56db\u79cd\u5e94\u7528\uff1a\u6c42\u53cd\u3001\u4f7f\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u4f4d\u590d\u4f4d\uff08\u7f6e 0\uff09\u3001\u5bf9\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4f4d\uff08\u7f6e 1\uff09\u3001\u4f7f\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u4f4d\u53cd\u8f6c</li> <li>\u63a9\u7801</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#shift","title":"\u79fb\u4f4d\uff08Shift\uff09\u8fd0\u7b97","text":"<ul> <li>\u903b\u8f91\u79fb\u4f4d\u8fd0\u7b97<ul> <li>\u4e0d\u5e26\u7b26\u53f7\u4f4d\u7684\u6570\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u79fb\u4f4d\u8fd0\u7b97\u53ef\u80fd\u6539\u53d8\u6570\u7684\u7b26\u53f7</li> <li>\u586b 0 \u6216\u5faa\u73af\u79fb\u4f4d\uff08\u65cb\u8f6c\u8fd0\u7b97\uff09</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u7b97\u6570\u79fb\u4f4d\u8fd0\u7b97<ul> <li>\u5047\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8865\u7801\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5e26\u7b26\u53f7\u6574\u6570\u3002</li> <li>\u7b97\u6570\u53f3\u79fb\u5bf9\u6574\u6570\u9664\u4e8c\uff0c\u7b97\u6570\u5de6\u79fb\u5bf9\u6574\u6570\u4e58\u4e8c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fd0\u7b97\u672c\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u6539\u53d8\u7b26\u53f7\u4f4d</li> <li>\u7b97\u6570\u53f3\u79fb\uff1a\u4fdd\u7559\u7b26\u53f7\u4f4d\uff0c\u5e76\u590d\u5236\u5165\u53f3\u4fa7\u4f4d\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4fdd\u5b58\u7b26\u53f7</li> <li>\u7b97\u6570\u5de6\u79fb\uff1a\u4e22\u5f03\u7b26\u53f7\u4f4d\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u5de6\u8fb9\u4e3a\u7b26\u53f7\u4f4d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u65b0\u7b26\u53f7\u4f4d\u4e0e\u539f\u5148\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u8fd0\u7b97\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u53d1\u751f\u6ea2\u51fa</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#_10","title":"\u7b97\u672f\u8fd0\u7b97","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#_11","title":"\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8865\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u52a0\u51cf\u6cd5","text":"<ul> <li>\u9047\u5230\u51cf\u6cd5\u65f6\uff0c\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u52a0\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6570\u6c42\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u7684\u8865</li> <li>\u52a0\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#_12","title":"\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u539f\u7801\uff0c\u53cd\u7801\uff0c\u8865\u7801\u7684\u539f\u7406","text":"<p>\u82b1\u4e86\u5f88\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u7406\u89e3\u8865\u7801\u7684\u6784\u9020\u610f\u56fe\u3002\u81ea\u5df1\u7406\u4e86\u4e00\u904d\u903b\u8f91\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u53ea\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u51cf\u6cd5</li> <li>\u7531\u4e8e\u4f4d\u6570\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u52a0\u6cd5\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u5728\u6a21\u8fd0\u7b97\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c</li> <li>\u6a21\u8fd0\u7b97\u4e0b\u7684\u52a0\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ed\u73af</li> </ul> <p>\u7531\u4e0a\u9762\u4e09\u6761\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\uff1a\u5728\u6a21\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u95ed\u73af\u4e2d\u7528\u52a0\u6cd5\u6a21\u62df\u51cf\u6cd5</p> <ul> <li>\u6570\u5b66\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a<ul> <li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(\\omega\\) \u7684\u4f4d\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u6a21\u4e3a \\(2^{\\omega}\\) \uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u4f4d\u5411\u91cf\u5728\u957f\u5ea6 \\(0\\sim 2^{\\omega}-1\\) \u7684\u73af\u5185</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u8981\u7528\u52a0\u6cd5\u6a21\u62df\u51cf\u6cd5 \\(a - b = c\\) \uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u627e\u5230 \\(d\\) \u4f7f\u5f97 $ (a + d)mod 2^\\omega = c$</li> <li>\u753b\u51fa\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u73af\uff0c\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u770b\u51fa\u52a0\u5230 \\(c\\) \u548c\u51cf\u5230 \\(c\\) \u5408\u8d77\u6765\u7ed5\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5708\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff1a \\(d = 2^\\omega - b\\)</li> <li>\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e00\u7b49\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u4ece\u8d1f\u6570 \\(-b\\) \u5230 \\(x_d\\) \u7684\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6620\u5c04\u628a\u8d1f\u6574\u6570 \\(b\\) \u6620\u5c04\u4e3a \\(d = 2^\\omega - b\\) \u7684\u4f4d\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c \\(d\\) \u7684\u4f4d\u6a21\u5f0f\u5c31\u662f \\(-b\\) \u7684\u8865\u7801\u8868\u793a</li> <li>\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5c31\u662f\u8865\u7801\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a\u5148\u53d6\u53cd\u7801\u518d+1</li> </ul> <p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u518d\u5206\u6790\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee5 0110 - 0010 = 0100 \u5373 6-2=4 \u4e3a\u4f8b</p> <ul> <li> <p>\\(x\\) \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d1f\u6570</p> </li> <li> <p>\u627e\u5230 \\(d=10000-0010=1110\\)\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff1a\\(d\\) \u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u53d6\u53cd\u7801\u518d+1 \u7684\u627e\u5230\u3002</p> <p>\u539f\u7406\uff1a\\(\\({|x|}_\u53cd+|x| = 2^\\omega-1\\)\\)</p> </li> <li> <p>\\(0110 + 1110 = 10100\\) \u53d6\u6a21\u540e\u5373\u4e3a \\(0100\\)</p> <p>\u539f\u7406\uff1a\u8d1f\u6570\u7684\u8865\u7801\u548c\u5b83\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u76f8\u52a0\u7b49\u4e8e\u6a21\uff08\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u95ed\u73af\u5185\u7ed5\u4e00\u5708\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09</p> \\[2^\\omega = x_\u8865 + |x| \\] <ul> <li>\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e24\u5f0f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u53cd\u7801\u548c\u8865\u7801\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a\\(x_\u8865={|x|}_\u53cd+1\\)</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u8981\u628a \\(1110\\) \u6620\u5c04\u4e3a \\(-2\\) \uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u628a\u6700\u5de6\u4fa7\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a \\(-8\\)</p> </li> <li> <p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u628a\u6700\u5de6\u4fa7\u4f4d\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a \\(-8\\) \u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u5230\u5462\uff1f\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86 \\(-16\\) \u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u53cd\u5411\u8f6c\u4e86\u4e00\u5708\u3002\\(14-16=-2\\)</p> </li> </ul> <p>\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u9898\u76ee\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8865\u7801\u8868\u793a\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<code>~x</code>\u7684\u503c\u662f\u591a\u5c11\uff1f</p> <p>\u5199\u51fa\u4e09\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u6570\u5b57\u5230\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8865\u7801\uff0c\u53cd\u7801\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5230\u6570\u5b57\uff09\uff0c\u5bf9\u5206\u6bb5\u51fd\u6570\u5206\u7c7b\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u5f97\u5230\uff0c<code>~x</code> = \\(-1-x\\)</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#_13","title":"\u7b26\u53f7\u52a0\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\uff08\u539f\u7801\uff09\u8868\u793a\u7684\u52a0\u51cf\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u4e00\u5171\u6709\u56db\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651 8 \u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5</p> <ul> <li>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u7edf\u4e00\u4e3a\u52a0\u6cd5</li> <li>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff0c\u7528\u5f02\u6216\u68c0\u67e5\u4e24\u6570\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u4e00\u81f4\u6027</li> <li>\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\uff1a\u82e5\u7b26\u53f7\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u76f8\u52a0\uff1b\u82e5\u7b26\u53f7\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u76f8\u51cf\uff08\u51cf\u6cd5\u539f\u7406\u540c\u4e0a\uff0c\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u8865\u7801\u52a0\u6cd5\uff09\uff0c\u7b26\u53f7\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u7b26\u53f7<ul> <li>\u6b64\u5904\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u4e0a\u6ea2\uff1a\u5982\u679c \\(A\\geq B\\) \u5219\u6709\u4e0a\u6ea2\uff08\u6a21\u8fd0\u7b97\u540e\u820d\u5f03\uff09</li> <li>\u5982\u679c \\(A &lt; B\\) \u5219\u65e0\u4e0a\u6ea2\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d1f\u6570\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u53d6\u5176\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8865\u7801\uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u7406\u89e3\uff1a\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u90e8\u5206\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u8865\u7801\u5f0f\u7684\u51cf\u6cd5\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u8865\u7801\u8868\u793a\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u53d6\u8865\u7801\u5c31\u662f\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u6574\u6570\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u5148\u524d\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u4f4d\uff0c\u5c31\u53d8\u56de\u7b26\u53f7\u52a0\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u8868\u793a\uff09</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u8be5\u52a0\u51cf\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u7b26\u53f7\u4f4d\u548c\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u5206\u5f00\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u51cf\u6cd5\u8fd0\u7b97\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0e\u8865\u7801\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a17-22\uff0c</p> <p>$ 0010001-0010110 = 0010001 + 1101010 = 1111011$\uff0c\u6240\u5f97\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u8865\u7801\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u518d\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\u8865\u7801\u4ee5\u8fd8\u539f\u4e3a\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u6574\u6570\u8868\u793a\u3002</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#_14","title":"\u5b9e\u6570\u7684\u52a0\u51cf\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u5c06\u5b9e\u6570\u7684\u52a0\u51cf\u6cd5\u7b80\u5316\u4e3a\u5c0f\u6570\u70b9\u5bf9\u9f50\u540e\u4ee5\u7b26\u53f7\u52a0\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u683c\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u4e24\u6574\u6570\u7684\u52a0\u6cd5\u548c\u51cf\u6cd5</p> <ul> <li>\u7edf\u4e00\u4e3a\u52a0\u6cd5</li> <li>\u53bb\u89c4\u8303\u5316</li> <li>\u4f7f\u6307\u6570\u76f8\u7b49</li> <li>\u76f8\u52a0\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u4e0a\u6ea2</li> <li>\u89c4\u8303\u5316</li> <li>\u56db\u820d\u4e94\u5165\uff0c\u505c\u6b62</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#ch5","title":"Ch.5 \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7ec4\u6210","text":"<p>\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff1a\u4e2d\u592e\u5904\u7406\u5355\u5143\uff0c\u4e3b\u5b58\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#cpu","title":"CPU","text":"<ul> <li>CPU \u7531\u54ea\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\u7ec4\u6210\uff1f\u4ed6\u4eec\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f</li> <li>\u4f60\u80fd\u8bf4\u51fa\u54ea\u4e9b\u79cd\u7c7b\u7684\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff1f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<ul> <li>PC\uff0cIR \u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#_15","title":"\u4e3b\u5b58","text":"<ul> <li>\u5b57\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u5730\u5740\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f</li> <li>\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f64kb\uff0c1b \u5b57\u957f\u7684\u4e3b\u5b58\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\uff1f</li> <li></li> </ul> <p>Note</p> \u5355\u4f4d \u786e\u5207\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570 \u8fd1\u4f3c KB \\(2^{10}\\) 1024 \\(10^3\\) megabyte \\(2^{20}\\) 1048576 \\(10^6\\) gigabyte \\(2^{30}\\) 1073741824 \\(10^{9}\\) <ul> <li>\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709 N \u5b57\u7684\u4e3b\u5b58\u9700\u8981\u591a\u957f\u7684\u4f4d\u6a21\u5f0f\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u5730\u5740\uff1f</li> <li>\u7b80\u8ff0 RAM\uff08SRAM\uff0cDRAM\uff09\u548c ROM<ul> <li>\u7535\u8111\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u662f\u54ea\u4e00\u79cd\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\uff1f\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u5462\uff1f</li> <li>ROM\u3001PROM\u3001EPROM\u3001EEPROM\u3001Flash Memory \u5206\u522b\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u8865\u5145\uff1a\u903b\u8f91\u7535\u8def\u6807\u8bc6</p> <p>\u7b80\u8ff0\u975e\u95e8\u3001\u4e0e\u975e\u95e8\u3001\u6216\u975e\u95e8\u7684\u7535\u8def\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a\u9700\u8981\u7528\u51e0\u4e2a\u7535\u63a7\u5f00\u5173\uff1f</p> <p>\u518d\u6b21\u601d\u8003\uff1a\u5f02\u6216\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0e\u95e8\u6216\u95e8\u6a21\u62df\uff1f</p> <p>\u6211\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff1a\\(x XOR y = (x OR y) AND (NOT(xANDy))\\)\u8fd9\u662f\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e0e\u95e8\u6216\u95e8\u771f\u503c\u8868\u540e\uff0c\u601d\u8003\u5982\u4f55\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd0\u7b97\u5f97\u51fa\u7684</p> <p>\\(xORy=((NOTx)ANDy)OR(xAND(NOTy))\\)\u8fd9\u662f\u601d\u8003\u5f02\u6216\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff1a\u53cd\u8f6c\u5176\u4e2d\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u5c31\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u4e0e\u95e8\u5224\u65ad</p> <p>\u8865\u5145\uff1a\u5e03\u5c14\u4ee3\u6570\u90e8\u5206-\u300a\u79bb\u6563\u6570\u5b66\u53ca\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u300b</p> <ul> <li>\u5e03\u5c14\u4ee3\u6570\u4e0e\u547d\u9898\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\uff1a\u8865-\u5426\u5b9a\u3001\u5e03\u5c14\u548c-\u6790\u53d6\u3001\u5e03\u5c14\u79ef-\u5408\u53d6</li> <li>\u5e03\u5c14\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5e03\u5c14\u53d8\u5143\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97</li> <li>\u601d\u8003\uff1a\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 n \u5143\u5e03\u5c14\u51fd\u6570\uff1f</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#_16","title":"\u5438\u6536\u5f8b\uff1a","text":"<ul> <li>\u300a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b\u8868\u8ff0\uff1a $ x \\cdot(x^\\prime+y) = x \\cdot y$ \u8bc1\u660e\uff1a\u5206\u914d\u5f8b\u5f97 \\((x \\cdot x^\\prime)+(x\\cdot y)\\) \u5de6\u4fa7\u662f 0\uff0c\u6d88\u53bb</li> <li>\u300a\u79bb\u6563\u6570\u5b66\u53ca\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u300b\u8868\u8ff0\uff1a \\(x+xy=x;x(x+y)=x\\) \u901a\u8fc7\u771f\u503c\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\uff1a\u5e03\u5c14\u548c\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86 x \u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5e03\u5c14\u79ef\u524a\u5f31\u4e86 y \u7684\u4f5c\u7528</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#_17","title":"\u771f\u503c\u8868\u4e0e\u5230\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u4e92\u5316\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u5316\u7b80","text":"<p>\u548c\u4e4b\u79ef\u6cd5\u4e0e\u79ef\u4e4b\u548c\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e92\u8865\u9879\u5408\u5e76\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u8fd0\u7b97\u5b8c\u5907\u6027\u8bc1\u660e</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/#_18","title":"\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u534f\u4f5c","text":"<ul> <li>\u4e09\u6761\u603b\u7ebf\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u3001\u5730\u5740\u3001\u547d\u4ee4</li> <li>IO \u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u63a5\u5165\uff1a\u63a7\u5236\u5668</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/AppE/","title":"Appendix E: Boolen Algebra and Logic Circuits","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/AppE/#boolean-algebra","title":"Boolean Algebra","text":"<ul> <li><code>'</code> NOT</li> <li><code>.</code> AND</li> <li><code>+</code> OR</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/AppE/#logic-gate","title":"Logic Gate","text":"<p>A logic gate is an electronic device that normally takes 1 to N inputs and creates one output.</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/AppE/#implementation-of-gates","title":"Implementation of gates","text":"<p>The most common implementation uses only three gates: NOT, NAND, and NOR. Because a NAND gate uses fewer componenets than an AND gate.</p> <p>A transistor, when used in gates, behaves like a switch. Several different technologies are used to implement these transistors, include the most known MOSFET.</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/Chapter1-4/","title":"Ch. 1-4 Intro, Number, Data and Operation","text":"<p>These contents are closely related, so I put them together in one note.</p> <p>Abstract</p> <p>Main Topic are these:</p> <ul> <li>Model of computer</li> <li>Outline for this book</li> <li>Storing Data</li> <li>Data Operation</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/Chapter1-4/#ch1-introduction","title":"Ch1. Introduction","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/Chapter1-4/#turing-model","title":"Turing Model","text":"<p>Turing model is a mathematical and philosophical definition of computation. We only care about the philosophical definition here.</p> <p>He defined these things: </p> <ul> <li>Data processor: accepts input data, process the data, and creates output data.</li> <li>Program: a set of instructions that tells the computer what to do with data.</li> </ul> <p>Info</p> <p>Turing's thesis can be found here: On Computable Numbers\uff0cwith an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem</p> <p>In the thesis, he presented a mathematical description of the universal Turing machine than can perform all computation.</p> <p>A Chinese explanation can be found here: \u300a\u8bba\u53ef\u8ba1\u7b97\u6570\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u5224\u5b9a\u4e0a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u300b\u7b80\u5355\u7406\u89e3</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/Chapter1-4/#von-neumann-model","title":"Von Neumann Model","text":"<p>Today's computers are based on the von Neumann model. The main difference bewtween Turing model and von Neumann model is that while Turing model stores data in its memory, von Neumann model also stores programs in its memory.</p> <p>The von Neumann model consists of four subsystem:</p> <ul> <li>Input/Output</li> <li>Arithmetic logic unit (ALU): calculation and logical operations take place</li> <li>Memory</li> <li>Control Unit: controls all other subsystem</li> </ul> <p>Main concepts:</p> <ul> <li>Programs and data are stored in memory as binary patterns.</li> <li>Sequential execution of instructions.</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/Chapter1-4/#computer-componenets","title":"Computer Componenets","text":"<p>This section briefly describes the three parts of computer: hardware, software and data. Please refer to the book.</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/Chapter1-4/#history","title":"History","text":"<p>Ignored.</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/Chapter1-4/#outline-of-the-course","title":"Outline of the course","text":"<p>As described in the index note.</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/Chapter1-4/#ch2-number-systems","title":"Ch2. Number Systems","text":"<p>In this chapter your main task is to understand the binary, hexadecimal and octal systems, and know how to convert number from one system to another.</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/Chapter1-4/#any-base-to-decimal-conversion","title":"Any base to decimal conversion","text":"<p>Simply multiply each digit with its place value in the source system and add the results to get the number.</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/Chapter1-4/#decimal-to-any-base","title":"Decimal to any base","text":"<p>Integral part and fractional part are handled differently.</p> <ul> <li>Integral part<ul> <li>Repetitively divide the source to get the quotient and the remainder.</li> <li>The remainder is inserted to the left of the destination.</li> <li>Until quotient is zero.</li> </ul> </li> <li>Fractional part<ul> <li>Repetitively multiply the source to get the result.</li> <li>The intergral part is inserted to the right of the destination.</li> <li>Until fractional part is zero or destination digits are enough.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>Number of digits</p> <p>Given a positional number system with base \\(b\\), find the number of digits of an integer N.</p> Note <p>The answer is \\(\\left \\lceil \\log_b{N} \\right \\rceil\\).</p> <p>If we are using \\(K\\) digits in base \\(b_1\\), we need to know the minimum number of digits \\(x\\) we need in the destination system with base \\(b_2\\).</p> Note <p>The answer is \\(\\left \\lceil K \\times (\\log_{b_2}b_1) \\right \\rceil\\).</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/Chapter1-4/#nonpositional-number-systems","title":"Nonpositional number systems","text":"<p>Ignored.</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/Chapter1-4/#ch3-data-storage","title":"Ch3. Data Storage","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/Chapter1-4/#storing-numbers","title":"Storing Numbers","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/Chapter1-4/#integers","title":"Integers","text":"<p>For representations below, you need to know: how to store, retrieve numbers, overflow situation, application.</p> <ul> <li>Unsigned representation</li> <li>Sign-and-magnitude representation</li> <li>Two's complement representation</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/Chapter1-4/#reals","title":"Reals","text":"<p>We use floating-point representation to represent reals. It consists of three parts:</p> <ul> <li>Sign</li> <li>Shifter</li> <li>Fixed-point number</li> </ul> <p>Tip</p> <p>You can compare scientific method with floating-point method.</p> <p>Normalization: </p> <ul> <li>Decimal: <code>d.xxxxx</code>, d is 1-9 while x is 0-9.</li> <li>Binary: <code>1.yyyyy</code>, y is 0 or 1.</li> </ul> <p>Then extract three pieces of information:</p> <ul> <li>Sign</li> <li>Exponent</li> <li>Mantissa (\u5c3e\u6570): the point and bit 1 to the left of the fixed-point section are not stored.</li> </ul> <p>The exponent can be positive and negative. We use Excess system to represent:</p> <ul> <li>Add a bias to shift positive or negative numbers uniformly to the nonnegative side.</li> <li>The value of this bias is \\(2^{m-1}-1\\), \\(m\\) is the size of the memory location to store the exponent.</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/Chapter9/","title":"Ch9. Programming Language","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>The aim of this chapter is to compare and contrast different languages.</p> <ul> <li>Evolution of programming languages from machine language to high-level languages.</li> <li>Interpreter and compiler.</li> <li>Four computer language paradigms\uff08\u8303\u5f0f\uff09.</li> <li>Understand the procedural paradigm and object-oriented paradigm.</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"books/FOCS/Chapter9/#91-evolution","title":"9.1 Evolution","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/","title":"\u6821\u5916\u8bfe\u7a0b","text":"<p>\u7b80\u4ecb</p> <p>\u672c\u5206\u533a\u4e3b\u8981\u5b58\u653e\u6821\u5916\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4e3a\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u8457\u540d\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8bfe\u7a0b\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-outside/#_2","title":"\u8bfe\u7a0b\u76ee\u5f55","text":""},{"location":"courses-outside/#_3","title":"\u5df2\u5b8c\u6210","text":""},{"location":"courses-outside/#_4","title":"\u6b63\u5728\u7f16\u8f91","text":"<ul> <li>CMU 15-213</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-outside/CMU-15-213/","title":"CMU 15-213","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u5b66\u4e60\u300a\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\u300b\u53ca CMU 15-213 \u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u4e66\u672c\u7f51\u7ad9</li> <li>\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7f51\u7ad9\uff08Fall 2015\uff09</li> <li>\u8bfe\u7a0b\u89c6\u9891\uff08Fall 2015\uff09</li> <li>[\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7f51\u7ad9\uff08\u6700\u65b0\uff09]\uff08http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~213/\uff09</li> <li>\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1\u9879\u76ee</li> <li>\u4e66\u7c4d\u82f1\u6587\u7248</li> <li>\u4e66\u7c4d\u4e2d\u6587\u7248\uff08gitbook\uff09</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-outside/CMU-15-213/#_1","title":"\u8fdb\u5ea6\u8868","text":"<ul> <li>Fall 2015 Schedule</li> </ul> <p>\u5168\u8bfe\u7a0b\u6301\u7eed 14 \u5468\uff0c\u6bcf 1-2 \u5468\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a Lab\u3002</p> <p>2023 \u5e74\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e2d\u65b0\u589e\u4e86 L0(cprogramminglab)\u3002</p> \u65e5\u671f \u5185\u5bb9 03.13 Lecture 01: Course Overview 03.16 Complete C language note for Structure 03.18 Complete C language note for ADT(especially for linked lists) 03.20 Lab 0 due 03.21 Bootcamp 1: Linux, Command Line, Git"},{"location":"courses-outside/CMU-15-213/#_2","title":"\u76ee\u5f55","text":""},{"location":"courses-outside/CMU-15-213/#_3","title":"\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7b14\u8bb0","text":"<ul> <li>Lecture 01: Course Overview</li> <li>Lecture 02: Bits, Bytes, and Ints; Floating Point</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-outside/CMU-15-213/#_4","title":"\u4e66\u672c\u6458\u8981","text":"<ul> <li>\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf</li> <li>Chapter01. \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6f2b\u6e38</li> <li>Chapter02. \u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u8868\u793a\u548c\u5904\u7406</li> <li>Chapter03. \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7ea7\u8868\u793a</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-outside/CMU-15-213/#_5","title":"\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bb0\u5f55","text":"<ul> <li>C Programming Lab: Assessing Your C Programming Skills</li> <li>Bootcamp 1: Linux, Command Line, Git</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-outside/CMU-15-213/Lab/BC1/","title":"Bootcamp 1: Linux, Command Line, Git","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c0f Lab\uff0c\u4f60\u80fd\u517b\u6210\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u4f7f\u7528 Linux \u7684\u4e60\u60ef\u3002</p> <p>\u8bf7\u4e0d\u8981\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u52a8\u624b\u64cd\u4f5c\u524d\u67e5\u770b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7b54\u6848\u3002</p> Lab \u7b54\u6848 Phase 1 <pre><code>~/start/free_the/university_center\n</code></pre> Phase 2 <pre><code>rmdir capture_the\n</code></pre> Phase 3 <pre><code>pineapple\n</code></pre> Phase 4 <pre><code>cat evil24.txt\n</code></pre> Phase 5 <pre><code>touch release.txt\n</code></pre> Phase 6 <pre><code>42\n</code></pre> Phase 7 <pre><code>free the university center stones we tried to release them but no one listened\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"courses-outside/CMU-15-213/Lab/L0/","title":"Lab0: C Programming Lab","text":"<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u63d0\u9192</p> <p>\u8bf7\u4ed4\u7ec6\u9605\u8bfb\u5b9e\u9a8c\u624b\u518c\u3002</p> <p>\u672c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8981\u6c42\u7528\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u961f\u5217\u3002\u8be5 Lab \u5bf9\u4ee3\u7801\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u591a\u5730\u8003\u8651\u5404\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5bf9\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\u4e5f\u5341\u5206\u4e25\u683c\u3002\u5728\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8282\u70b9\u589e\u5220\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u90fd\u5e94\u5f53\u6ce8\u610f\u3002</p> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6d45\u8bb0\u5f55\u81ea\u5df1\u8e29\u8fc7\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u5751\uff1a</p>"},{"location":"courses-outside/CMU-15-213/Lab/L0/#_1","title":"\u539f\u5730\u53cd\u8f6c\u94fe\u8868","text":"<pre><code>void queue_reverse(queue_t *q) {\nif(!q) return;\n/* You need to write the code for this function */\nif(!q-&gt;head) return;\nif(q-&gt;n == 1) return;\n\nlist_ele_t * prev, * next;\nprev = q-&gt;tail = q-&gt;head;\nnext = prev-&gt;next;\n\nwhile(next)\n{\nq-&gt;head = next;\nnext = next-&gt;next; q-&gt;head-&gt;next = prev;\nprev = prev-&gt;next; //Wrong Code\n}\nq-&gt;tail-&gt;next = NULL;\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 3 \u4ee5\u5185\u65f6\u90fd\u80fd\u6b63\u786e\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u82e5\u94fe\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\u8d85\u8fc7 3\uff0c\u5219\u53cd\u8f6c\u540e\u94fe\u8868\u7adf\u53ea\u5269\u4e0b\u53cd\u8f6c\u540e\u7684\u5934\u5c3e\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e\u6807\u6ce8 <code>Wrong Code</code> \u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u884c\uff1a\u53cd\u8f6c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u5411\u81ea\u8eab\uff08\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u672b\u5c3e\u5904\u7406 <code>tail</code> \u65f6\u624d\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\u51b3\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6539\u884c\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4f7f <code>prev</code> \u8282\u70b9\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u76f4\u56fa\u5b9a\u5728 <code>tail</code>\u3002\u5faa\u73af\u8fc7\u540e\uff0c\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u5168\u90fd\u6307\u5411 <code>tail</code>\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u53ea\u5269\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e86\u3002</p> <p>\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5\u662f\u6539\u4e3a <code>prev = q-&gt;head</code>\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-outside/CMU-15-213/Lab/L0/#_2","title":"\u5c0f\u5fc3\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f","text":"<p>\u5bb9\u6613\u8e29\u5751\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a</p>"},{"location":"courses-outside/CMU-15-213/Lab/L0/#_3","title":"\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\u7684\u5904\u7406","text":"<p>\u672c\u9898\u8c03\u7528 <code>malloc()</code> \u7684\u51fd\u6570\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u63d2\u5165\u8282\u70b9\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u4e3a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8c03\u7528 <code>malloc()</code> \u5931\u8d25\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u9000\u51fa\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u91ca\u653e\u9884\u5148\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u8282\u70b9 <code>newh</code>\u3002\u603b\u4e4b\uff1a\u51fd\u6570\u9996\u5148\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b8c\u5584\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5982\u679c\u51fd\u6570\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u8981\u4fdd\u8bc1\u81ea\u5df1\u9000\u51fa\u65f6\u5185\u5b58\u5b89\u5168\u3002</li> <li>\u5982\u679c\u51fd\u6570\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u5fc5\u987b\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5185\u5b58\u5b89\u5168\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-outside/CMU-15-213/Lab/L0/#_4","title":"\u5220\u9664\u8282\u70b9\u65f6\u7684\u5904\u7406","text":"<pre><code>bool queue_remove_head(queue_t *q, char *buf, size_t bufsize){\nif(!q) return false;\nif(!q-&gt;head) return false;\n\nif(buf)\n{\nstrncpy(buf, q-&gt;head-&gt;value, bufsize - 1);\nbuf[bufsize - 1] = 0;\n}\nfree(q-&gt;head-&gt;value);\nq-&gt;head = q-&gt;head-&gt;next;\nq-&gt;n--;\nreturn true;\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u6ca1\u6709\u91ca\u653e\u5220\u53bb\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u662f\u5178\u578b\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u9732\u3002</p> <p>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u89e3\u6790\u548c\u7b54\u6848</p> <ul> <li>\u77e5\u4e4e\uff1aCSAPP:Lab0-C Programming Lab</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-outside/CMU-15-213/Lecture/Lecture1/","title":"Lecture 01: Course Overview","text":"<p>\u672c\u8282\u8bfe\u662f\u8bfe\u7a0b\u6982\u8ff0\uff0c\u6982\u62ec\u5730\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u8fd9\u95e8\u8bfe\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u8bb2\u89e3\u4e86\u5173\u4e8e C \u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f\u3002</p> <p>CSAPP \u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e3b\u9898\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u62bd\u8c61\u662f\u597d\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u8981\u5fd8\u4e86\u73b0\u5b9e\u3002\u672c\u8282\u8bfe\u91cd\u70b9\u8bb2\u89e3\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u73b0\u5b9e\uff1a</p> <ol> <li>Ints are not Integers, Floats are not Reals \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u7b97\u6570\u8fd0\u7b97\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8c61\u7684\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u4e0d\u540c\u3002</li> <li>You've Got to Know Assembly \u4f60\u5e94\u5f53\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e9b\u6c47\u7f16\u8bed\u8a00\u3002</li> <li>Memory Matters \u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u5b83\u5e38\u5e38\u5bfc\u81f4\u975e\u5e38\u68d8\u624b\u7684 bug\u3002C \u548c C++ \u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u4f9b\u4efb\u4f55\u5185\u5b58\u4fdd\u62a4\u673a\u5236\u3002</li> <li>There's more to performance than asymptotic complexity \u5728\uff08\u65f6\u95f4\uff09\u6e10\u8fd1\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4e1c\u897f\u5f71\u54cd\u7740\u6027\u80fd\u3002</li> <li>Computers do more than execute programs \u9664\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5916\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8fd8\u505a\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002</li> </ol>"},{"location":"courses-outside/CMU-15-213/Lecture/Lecture2/","title":"Lecture 02: Bits, Bytes, and Ints; Floating Point","text":"<p>\u628a\u8bb2\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7b97\u6570\u7684\u4e09\u8282\u8bfe\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b14\u8bb0\u4e86\u3002</p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/CMU-15-213/Lecture/Lecture2/#_1","title":"\u7b2c\u4e00\u8282\u8bfe","text":"<ul> <li>\u4f4d\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u8fdb\u5236</li> <li>\u7b80\u5355\u5e03\u5c14\u4ee3\u6570</li> <li>C \u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u8fd0\u7b97\u3001\u4f4d\u79fb\u8fd0\u7b97<ul> <li>\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8e\u6574\u6570\u7c7b\u578b</li> <li>\u4f4d\u79fb\u91cf &lt;0 \u6216 &gt; \u5b57\u957f\u65f6\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/CMU-15-213/Lecture/Lecture2/#_2","title":"\u6574\u6570\u7f16\u7801","text":"<ul> <li>\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u6570\u548c\u8865\u7801\u6570\u503c\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97</li> <li>\u8868\u793a\u8303\u56f4</li> <li><code>&lt;limits.h&gt;</code> \u7684\u7b80\u5355\u4f7f\u7528</li> <li>\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362 cast<ul> <li>cast \u65f6\u4fdd\u6301\u4f4d\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u89e3\u91ca\u3002</li> <li>\u5199\u51fa T2U \u4e0e U2T \u7684\u51fd\u6570\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002</li> <li>\u5e38\u91cf\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6709\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c<code>U</code> \u540e\u7f00\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u3002</li> <li>\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6c42\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u82e5\u6709/\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u6570\u6df7\u6742\uff0c\u6709\u7b26\u53f7\u6570\u9690\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u6570\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u4f4d\u6269\u5c55 extension<ul> <li>\u6709\u7b26\u53f7\u6570\u6269\u5c55</li> <li>\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u6570\u6269\u5c55</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/","title":"Web.Lab \u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0","text":""},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/#_1","title":"\u603b\u8ff0","text":"<p>MIT Web Crush Course \u5927\u81f4\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u6bcf\u5e74\u5185\u5bb9\u90fd\u6709\u6dfb\u52a0\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u4e30\u5bcc\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u4ee5 2023 \u5e74\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u8868\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff09\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>Web \u4e09\u5251\u5ba2\uff1aHTML\u3001CSS\u3001JavaScript</li> <li>Web \u5f00\u53d1\u6846\u67b6\uff1aReact\u3001Node.js</li> <li>\u6570\u636e\u5e93</li> <li>Chatbook \u9879\u76ee\u5b9e\u8df5</li> <li>\u9879\u76ee\u90e8\u7f72</li> </ul> <p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u57fa\u672c\u6253\u901a\u4e86 Web \u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u524d\u540e\u7aef\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u95e8\u975e\u5e38\u597d\u7684 Web \u5f00\u53d1\u5165\u95e8\u8bfe\u7a0b\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/#_2","title":"\u5404\u6a21\u5757\u7b14\u8bb0\u7d22\u5f15","text":""},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/HTMLBasic/","title":"HTML \u57fa\u7840","text":"<p>\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\u6765\u81ea\u300aHead First HTML\u300b</p> <ul> <li>W3C \u9a8c\u8bc1\u5de5\u5177</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/HTMLBasic/#_1","title":"\u6982\u5ff5\u6027\u77e5\u8bc6","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/HTMLBasic/#_2","title":"\u6982\u5ff5","text":"<ul> <li>\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u53ea\u8ba4\u8bc6\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20 \u9884\u5b9a\u4e49 \u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u652f\u6301\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<ul> <li>HTML5 \u652f\u6301\u4e86\u5b9a\u5236\u6570\u636e\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u65b0\u5c5e\u6027\u6784\u9020\u5b9a\u5236\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u540d\u3002</li> <li>\u5e03\u5c14\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a\u6ca1\u6709\u503c\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5b58\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u5143\u7d20<ul> <li>\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u662f\u8ba9\u9875\u9762 \u66f4\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\uff0c\u66f4\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u9762\u5bf9\u89c6\u969c\u4eba\u7fa4\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u663e\u793a\u90a3\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20\u3002</li> <li>\u5757 \uff08block\uff09 \u5143\u7d20\u3001\u5185\u8054 \uff08inline\uff09 \u5143\u7d20\u548c\u7a7a\uff08void\uff09\u5143\u7d20</li> <li>\u4e0d\u8981\u53ea\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u663e\u793a\u6548\u679c\u800c\u4f7f\u7528 HTML \u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 <code>&lt;em&gt;</code></li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/HTMLBasic/#_3","title":"\u4ee3\u7801","text":"<ul> <li>\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4f1a\u5ffd\u7565 HTML \u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u7684\u5236\u8868\u7b26\u3001\u56de\u8f66\u548c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7a7a\u683c\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u4f60\u7684\u6807\u8bb0\u786e\u5b9a\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\u6362\u884c/\u5206\u6bb5\u3002</li> <li>\u6ce8\u91ca\u5199\u5728 <code>&lt;!--</code> \u548c <code>--&gt;</code> \u4e4b\u95f4\u3002</li> <li>\u5b57\u7b26\u5b9e\u4f53\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u8f93\u5165 <code>&lt;</code> \u548c <code>&gt;</code> \u7b49\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26<ul> <li><code>&lt;</code>: <code>&amp;gt;</code></li> <li><code>&gt;</code>: <code>&amp;lt;</code></li> <li><code>&amp;</code>: <code>&amp;amp;</code></li> <li>\u67e5\u627e\uff1aW3C, Unicode</li> <li>\u4f7f\u7528\u7f16\u53f7 <code>&amp;#100;</code></li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/HTMLBasic/#_4","title":"\u6807\u51c6","text":"<ul> <li> <p>HTML5 \u662f HTML \u7684\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5b83\u8ba9\u7f16\u5199 HTML \u7684\u5f88\u591a\u505a\u6cd5\u5927\u5927\u7b80\u5316\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b0\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7 JS API \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7279\u6027\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>HTML \u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u53f2</p> <ul> <li>HTML \u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a \u6d3b\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u4f1a\u6709\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u53ea\u6709 HTML\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5173\u952e\u662f\u5411\u540e\u517c\u5bb9\u6027</p> <ul> <li>\u73b0\u5728\u7684 HTML \u89c4\u8303\u4f1a\u8bb0\u5f55 Web \u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5e38\u72af\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5e76\u5e2e\u52a9\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9519\u8bef\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p><code>&lt;!doctype html&gt;</code></p> <ul> <li> <p>\u8fd9\u662f HTML5 \u7684 doctype\uff0c\u5b83\u544a\u8bc9\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9875\u9762\u4f7f\u7528 HTML \u6807\u51c6\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u8001\u7684 doctype \u4e00\u822c\u957f\u8fd9\u6837</p> </li> </ul> <pre><code>&lt;!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN\" \"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd\"&gt;\n</code></pre> </li> <li> <p><code>&lt;meta charset=\"utf-8\"&gt;</code> \u6307\u5b9a\u7f16\u7801\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u5fc5\u987b\u653e\u5728 <code>&lt;head&gt;</code> \u4e2d\u6700\u4e0a\u65b9\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u4e00\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20\u7684 <code>alt</code> \u5c5e\u6027\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684</p> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/HTMLBasic/#_5","title":"\u7f51\u7ad9\u6587\u4ef6\u7ec4\u7ec7","text":"<ul> <li>\u4e3a\u4e86\u590d\u7528\uff0c\u56fe\u7247\u4e00\u822c\u653e\u5728\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u7684 <code>images</code> \u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u3002</li> <li>\u8def\u5f84\u7edf\u4e00\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a\u659c\u6760 <code>/</code> \uff08\u8bb0\u5fc6\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u7528\u53f3\u624b\u5212\u659c\u7ebf\u6700\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u65b9\u5411\uff09<ul> <li><code>\\</code> \u662f\u53cd\u659c\u6760\uff0c\u662f Windows \u5e38\u7528\u7684</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u8bbf\u95ee\u7236\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff1a<code>../</code></li> <li>\u8def\u5f84\u5f53\u5fc3\u8d85\u8fc7255 \u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26</li> <li>\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4e0d\u8981\u6709\u7a7a\u683c</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/HTMLBasic/#_6","title":"\u5a92\u4f53","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/HTMLBasic/#_7","title":"\u56fe\u50cf","text":"<ul> <li>JPEG<ul> <li>\u9002\u5408\u8fde\u7eed\u8272\u8c03\u56fe\u50cf</li> <li>\u6709\u635f\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u7f29\u5c0f\u65f6\u4e22\u5931\u4fe1\u606f</li> <li>\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u900f\u660e\u5ea6</li> <li>\u6587\u4ef6\u8f83\u5c0f\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e Web</li> <li>\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u52a8\u753b</li> </ul> </li> <li>PNG<ul> <li>\u9002\u5408\u5355\u8272\u56fe\u50cf\u3001\u7ebf\u6761\u6784\u6210\u56fe\u50cf\uff1alogo\uff0c\u526a\u8d34\u753b\uff0c\u5c0f\u6587\u672c</li> <li>\u6709 PNG-8 PNG-24 PNG-32</li> <li>\u65e0\u635f\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f1a\u538b\u7f29\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e22\u6389\u4fe1\u606f</li> <li>\u652f\u6301\u900f\u660e</li> <li>\u6587\u4ef6\u66f4\u5927\u4e00\u4e9b</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>GIF</p> <ul> <li>256 \u8272</li> <li>\u201c\u65e0\u635f\u201d\u683c\u5f0f</li> <li>\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u79cd\u989c\u8272\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u201c\u900f\u660e\u201d\uff08\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u952f\u9f7f\u900f\u660e\u533a\uff09</li> <li>\u652f\u6301\u52a8\u753b</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u50cf\u7d20\uff1aCSS \u50cf\u7d20\u662f 1 \u82f1\u5bf8\u7684 1/96\uff0896ppi\uff09</p> </li> <li>\u4f7f\u7528\u7f29\u7565\u56fe\u5e76\u94fe\u63a5\u5230\u539f\u59cb\u56fe\u50cf\u3002</li> <li>\u6587\u672c\u56fe\u50cf\u8bb0\u5f97\u67d4\u5316\u6587\u672c\u8fb9\u7f18\uff08\u53cd\u952f\u9f7f\uff09\uff0c\u589e\u5f3a\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u3002</li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/HTMLBasic/#_8","title":"\u89c6\u9891","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/HTMLBasic/#_9","title":"\u5143\u7d20\u624b\u518c","text":"<p>Web \u4e09\u90e8\u66f2\uff1a\u8ba1\u5212\u3001<code>&lt;div&gt;</code> \u548c <code>&lt;span&gt;</code></p>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/HTMLBasic/#html_1","title":"\u6807\u51c6 HTML \u7ed3\u6784","text":"<ul> <li> <p><code>&lt;!doctype html&gt;</code></p> </li> <li> <p><code>&lt;html&gt;</code></p> <ul> <li><code>&lt;head&gt;</code></li> <li><code>&lt;meta charset=\"utf-8\"&gt;</code></li> <li><code>&lt;link&gt;</code><ul> <li><code>rel</code></li> <li> </li> </ul> </li> <li><code>&lt;style&gt;</code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 HTML \u4e2d\u63d2\u5165 CSS<ul> <li>\u53ef\u9009\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a<code>type=\"text/css\"</code></li> </ul> </li> <li><code>&lt;body&gt;</code></li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/HTMLBasic/#href","title":"<code>href</code>","text":"","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/HTMLBasic/#_10","title":"\u901a\u7528\u5c5e\u6027","text":"<ul> <li> <p><code>id</code></p> <ul> <li> <p>\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u80fd\u8bbe\u7f6e id</p> </li> <li> <p>\u503c\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u9875\u9762\u4e2d\u5fc5\u987b\u552f\u4e00</p> </li> <li> <p>\u5fc5\u987b\u5b57\u6bcd\u5f00\u5934\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u3001\u6a2a\u7ebf\u3001\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\u3001\u5192\u53f7\u6216\u70b9\u53f7</p> </li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/HTMLBasic/#_11","title":"\u7b80\u5355\u5143\u7d20","text":"<ul> <li> <p><code>&lt;a&gt;</code></p> <ul> <li>\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u7f6e\u6bb5\u843d <code>&lt;p&gt;</code>\u3001\u56fe\u7247 <code>&lt;img&gt;</code> \u7b49\uff0c\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8d85\u94fe\u63a5\u3002</li> <li><code>href</code> \u8bfb\u4f5c h-ref</li> <li>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>#id</code> \u94fe\u63a5\u5230\u7279\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20\uff1a<code>href=\"#chai\"</code>\uff08\u5230\u672c\u9875\u9762\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\uff09\u3002</li> <li><code>title</code> \u9f20\u6807\u60ac\u505c\u65f6\u663e\u793a\u3002</li> <li><code>target</code> \u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u6807\u540d\uff0c\u76f8\u540c\u76ee\u6807\u540d\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u4e2d\u6253\u5f00</li> <li><code>_blank</code> \u603b\u662f\u65b0\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p><code>&lt;h1&gt;</code></p> <ul> <li>HTML \u7684\u6807\u9898\u6709 6 \u7ea7</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p><code>&lt;q&gt;</code> <code>&lt;blockquote&gt;</code></p> </li> <li> <p><code>&lt;br&gt;</code></p> </li> <li> <p><code>&lt;img&gt;</code> \u5185\u8054\u5143\u7d20</p> <ul> <li><code>src=\"xx.png\"</code></li> <li><code>alt</code> \u6587\u672c\u63cf\u8ff0</li> <li><code>width</code> \u548c <code>height</code>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u50cf\u7d20\u6307\u5b9a\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5c5e\u6027\u6700\u597d\u7684\u7528\u5904\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b\u8868\u73b0\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528 CSS\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p><code>&lt;ul&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;ol&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;dl&gt;</code></p> <ul> <li>\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u5d4c\u5957 <code>&lt;li&gt;</code></li> <li>\u5b9a\u4e49\u5217\u8868\u4f7f\u7528 <code>&lt;dt&gt;</code> \uff08\u672f\u8bed\uff09\u548c <code>&lt;dd&gt;</code> \uff08\u63cf\u8ff0\uff09</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p><code>&lt;em&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;strong&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;pre&gt;</code>, <code>&lt;code&gt;</code></p> </li> <li> <p><code>&lt;time&gt;</code></p> </li> <li> <p><code>&lt;del&gt;</code> <code>&lt;ins&gt;</code></p> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/HTMLBasic/#_12","title":"\u8868\u683c","text":"<ul> <li><code>&lt;table&gt;</code><ul> <li><code>&lt;tr&gt;</code> table row</li> <li><code>&lt;th&gt;</code> table head</li> <li><code>&lt;td&gt;</code> table data</li> <li><code>rowspan=\"2\"</code> \u8be5\u5355\u5143\u683c\u5c06\u8de8\u5165\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c</li> <li><code>colspan</code></li> <li>\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u8de8\u884c\u8de8\u5217</li> <li><code>&lt;caption&gt;</code> \u8868\u683c\u6807\u9898</li> <li>\u8868\u683c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5d4c\u5957\uff08\u600e\u4e48\u6307\u5b9a\u6837\u5f0f\u5462\uff1f\u60f3\u8c61\u5b50\u5b59\u9009\u62e9\u5668\uff09</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/HTMLBasic/#html_2","title":"\u73b0\u4ee3 HTML \u7ed3\u6784","text":"<p><code>&lt;div&gt;</code> \u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u7ed3\u6784\u3002HTML \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u7279\u5b9a\u3001\u66f4\u5408\u9002\u67d0\u4e9b\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u6807\u8bb0\u3002</p> article nav header footer time aside section video mark audio canvas progress meter figure <p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b0\u6807\u7b7e\uff1f</p> <ul> <li>\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u3001\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u3001\u5c4f\u5e55\u9605\u8bfb\u5668\u80fd\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4fe1\u606f</li> </ul> <ul> <li> <p><code>&lt;time&gt;</code></p> <ul> <li>\u5982\u679c\u5143\u7d20\u5185\u5bb9\u6ca1\u6709\u91c7\u7528 Internet \u65e5\u671f/\u65f6\u95f4\u683c\u5f0f\u5199\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u6709 <code>datetime</code> \u5c5e\u6027</li> </ul> <p><code>internet time 2012-02-18 2012-02 2012-02-18 09:00 2012-02-18 18:00 05:00 2012-02-18 05:00Z\uff08UTC\u65f6\u95f4\uff09</code></p> </li> <li> <p><code>&lt;video&gt;</code></p> <ul> <li>\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a<code>controls</code> <code>autoplay</code> <code>loop</code> \uff08\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u5e03\u5c14\u5c5e\u6027\uff09 <code>width</code> <code>height</code> <code>src</code> <code>poster</code></li> <li><code>preload</code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a <code>none</code> \uff0c\u64ad\u653e\u524d\u4e0d\u81ea\u52a8\u4e0b\u8f7d\u89c6\u9891\uff1b<code>metadata</code> \u4e0b\u8f7d\u5143\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e00\u822c\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237\u5e26\u5bbd\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002</li> <li>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e00\u79cd\u89c6\u9891\u683c\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a <code>&lt;source src=\"\"&gt;</code> \u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a <code>&lt;source&gt;</code> \u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u52a0\u8f7d\u5143\u6570\u636e\u770b\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u64ad\u653e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c6\u9891\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4e2d\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u51fa MIME \u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u7f16\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u4fe1\u606f <code>type='video/ogg; codecs=\"theora, vorbis\"'</code></li> </ul> </li> <li> <p><code>&lt;audio&gt;</code></p> <ul> <li>\u4e0e <code>&lt;video&gt;</code> \u5143\u7d20\u5f88\u76f8\u4f3c</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-outside/web.lab/HTMLBasic/#html_3","title":"HTML \u8868\u5355","text":"<p>\u8868\u5355\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u8f93\u5165\u57df\u7684 Web \u9875\u9762\u3002</p> <ul> <li> <p><code>&lt;form&gt;</code></p> <ul> <li><code>action=\"url\"</code> \u5c06\u5904\u7406\u8868\u5355\u6570\u636e\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u540d</li> <li><code>method=\"POST\"</code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u540d</li> <li><code>&lt;label&gt;</code> \u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u4e3a\u6587\u672c\u3002\u8ddf\u968f\u5728\u8868\u5355\u63a7\u4ef6\u540e\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u5e94\u5f53\u4e3a\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u8868\u5355\u5143\u7d20\u589e\u52a0 <code>id</code> \u5c5e\u6027\u3002</li> <li><code>for=id</code> \u8868\u660e\u662f\u54ea\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6807\u7b7e</li> <li><code>&lt;fieldset&gt;</code> \u5c06\u516c\u5171\u5143\u7d20\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff08\u5bf9\u4e8e\u590d\u9009\u6846\u7b49\u5f88\u6709\u7528\uff09</li> <li><code>&lt;legend&gt;</code> \u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ec4\u7684\u7ec4\u6807\u9898\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u663e\u793a\u4e3a\u6587\u672c\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u63a7\u4ef6\u6982\u8ff0\uff1a \u6bcf\u4e2a\u63a7\u4ef6\u90fd\u6709 <code>name</code>\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b <code>value</code> \u4ee5\u4fbf\u811a\u672c\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</p> <ul> <li> <p><code>&lt;input&gt;</code> \u5355\u884c\u63a7\u4ef6\uff0cvoid \u5185\u8054\u5143\u7d20</p> </li> <li> <p><code>type=\"\"</code> \u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u5f97\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\u8f93\u5165</p> <ul> <li> <p><code>text</code> \u6587\u672c</p> </li> <li> <p><code>submit</code> \u63d0\u4ea4\u6309\u94ae\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u503c\u5c31\u662f\u663e\u793a\u7684\u6587\u672c</p> </li> <li> <p><code>radio</code> \u5355\u9009\u6309\u94ae\uff0c\u4e00\u7ec4\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u7684\u6309\u94ae\u5e94\u5f53\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684 <code>name</code> \u548c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 <code>value</code></p> </li> <li> <p><code>chechbox</code> \u590d\u9009\u6846\uff0c\u4e00\u7ec4\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u7684\u590d\u9009\u6846\u5e94\u5f53\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684 <code>name</code> \u548c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 <code>value</code></p> <p>\u590d\u9009\u6846\u7684\u503c\u88ab <code>&amp;</code> \u5408\u5e76</p> </li> <li> <p><code>number</code> \u6570\u5b57\u8f93\u5165</p> </li> <li> <p><code>range</code> \u6ed1\u52a8\u6761\uff08\u8303\u56f4\u8f93\u5165\uff09</p> </li> <li> <p><code>color</code> \u989c\u8272\u8f93\u5165</p> </li> <li> <p><code>date</code> \u65e5\u671f\u8f93\u5165</p> </li> <li> <p><code>password</code> \u8f93\u5165\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5c06\u88ab\u63a9\u7801</p> </li> <li> <p><code>file</code></p> </li> </ul> <p>-</p> <ul> <li> <p><code>email</code></p> </li> <li> <p><code>tel</code> \u7535\u8bdd</p> </li> <li> <p><code>url</code></p> <p>\u540e\u9762\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u770b\u4e0d\u51fa\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u4f60\u5728\u79fb\u52a8\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u8f93\u5165\u65f6\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u5feb\u6377\u952e\u76d8</p> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p><code>value</code> \u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c</p> </li> <li> <p><code>placeholder</code> \u63d0\u793a\u4fe1\u606f</p> </li> <li> <p><code>required</code> \u5e03\u5c14\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u6307\u793a\u57df\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p><code>min</code></p> </li> <li> <p><code>max</code></p> </li> <li> <p><code>step</code></p> </li> <li> <p><code>maxlength</code></p> </li> <li> <p><code>checked</code> \u5e03\u5c14\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u9009\u9879</p> </li> <li> <p><code>&lt;select&gt;</code> \u83dc\u5355</p> </li> <li> <p><code>multiple</code> \u5e03\u5c14\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u591a\u9009\u83dc\u5355\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u83dc\u5355\u4ece\u4e0b\u62c9\u5f0f\u53d8\u4e3a\u6eda\u52a8\u5f0f\u3002\u6309\u4f4f <code>Ctrl</code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u591a\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p><code>&lt;option&gt;</code> \u5185\u5bb9\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9009\u9879\u7684\u663e\u793a</p> <ul> <li><code>value</code></li> </ul> </li> <li> <p><code>&lt;textarea&gt;</code> \u591a\u884c\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u521d\u59cb\u6587\u672c\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p><code>rows</code> \u591a\u5c11\u884c</p> </li> <li><code>cols</code> \u591a\u5c11\u5217</li> <li><code>maxlength</code></li> </ul> <p>-</p> </li> </ul> <p><code>method</code> \u4e2d\u7684 HTTP \u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>GET<ul> <li>\u8868\u5355\u6570\u636e\u8ffd\u52a0\u5230 URL \u7684\u6700\u540e</li> <li>\u4f8b\uff1a<code>http://web.com/contest.php?firstname=buck&amp;lastname=banzai</code></li> <li>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u7528\u6237\u80fd\u5bf9\u63d0\u4ea4\u540e\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\u52a0\u4e66\u7b7e\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 GET \u65b9\u6cd5</li> </ul> </li> <li>POST<ul> <li>\u8868\u5355\u6570\u636e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u53d1\u9001</li> <li>\u4f8b\uff1a<code>http://web.com/contest.php</code></li> <li>\u5982\u679c\u6709\u79c1\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u9009\u62e9 POST \u65b9\u6cd5</li> <li>\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 <code>&lt;textarea&gt;</code>\uff0c\u4e5f\u9009\u62e9 POST \u65b9\u6cd5</li> <li>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e5f\u4f7f\u7528</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["Ongoing"]},{"location":"courses-zju/","title":"\u6d59\u6c5f\u5927\u5b66\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7b14\u8bb0","text":"<p>\u7b80\u4ecb</p> <p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e3b\u8981\u5b58\u653e\u6d59\u6c5f\u5927\u5b66\u975e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u76f8\u5173\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\uff082022-2023 \u6625\u590f\uff09</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/","title":"\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\uff08Cybernetics\uff09\uff08\u901a\u8bc6\u6838\u5fc3\u8bfe\uff09","text":"<p>\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7b80\u4ecb</p> <ul> <li>\u5b66\u671f\uff1a2022-2023 \u5b66\u5e74 \u6625\u590f\u5b66\u671f</li> <li>\u8bfe\u7a0b\u8bc4\u5b9a\u6807\u51c6\uff1a<ul> <li>\u5e73\u65f6\u5206 50%<ul> <li>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7ec4 5-6 \u4eba\uff0c\u62bd\u7b7e\u51b3\u5b9a\u5c0f\u7ec4 pre \u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u3002</li> <li>\u6bcf\u6b21\u7406\u8bba\u8bfe\u540e\uff0c\u8001\u5e08\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e9b\u9605\u8bfb\u6587\u732e\u3001\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e0b\u6b21\u8ba8\u8bba\u8bfe\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u5c0f\u7ec4\u51c6\u5907\u4e0b\u6b21\u8ba8\u8bba\u8bfe\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002</li> <li>\u6bcf\u4f4d\u540c\u5b66\u51c6\u5907PPT\uff0c\u8bb2\u89e3\u65f6\u95f4\u63a7\u5236 10-15 \u5206\u949f\uff0c\u8bb2\u89e3\u540e\u63d0\u95ee\u3002</li> <li>\u6bcf\u4f4d\u540c\u5b66\u90fd\u6709 2 \u6b21\u4e3b\u8bb2\u673a\u4f1a\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u671f\u672b\u8003 50%<ul> <li>\u5f00\u5377\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u53c2\u8003\u4e66\u3001\u7b14\u8bb0\u3001\u6253\u5370\u8bfe\u4ef6\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u600e\u4e48\u51c6\u5907\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u7684\u671f\u672b\u8003\u8bd5\uff1f</p> <p>\u4e3b\u8981\u638c\u63e1\u4e24\u4e2a\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u52b3\u65af\u5224\u636e\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97</li> <li>\u65b9\u6846\u56fe\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97</li> </ul> <p>\u5176\u4f59\u90fd\u9760\u6253\u5370 PPT\u3002</p> <p>\u8003\u524d\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u6d4f\u89c8\u4e00\u904d\u5386\u5e74\u5377\u6240\u6709\u9898\u76ee\uff0cPPT \u4e0a\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u7b54\u6848\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u8ba9 ChatGPT \u7b54\u4e00\u904d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u56de\u7b54\u6ee1\u610f\u7684\u8bdd\u6253\u5370\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u76f4\u63a5\u6284\u3002\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u7684\u51e0\u9053\u8003\u9898\u90fd\u662f PPT \u4e0a\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u627e\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e48\u5e94\u5bf9\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#22-23","title":"22-23 \u6625\u590f \u671f\u672b\u56de\u5fc6\u5377","text":"<p>By cc98 blblblb</p> <ol> <li> <p>\uff0810 \u5206\uff09\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u7ef4\u7eb3\u548c\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u662f\u4e24\u4f4d\u8457\u540d\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u8bf7\u7b80\u8ff0\u5b83\u4eec\u5bf9\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u4ea7\u751f\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u8d21\u732e\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\uff0815 \u5206\uff09\u79bb\u6563\u65f6\u95f4\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6a21\u62df\u4fe1\u53f7\u8fdb\u884c\u91c7\u6837\u3001\u91cf\u5316\u5f97\u5230\u6570\u5b57\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002\u6a21\u62df\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u79bb\u6563\u5316\uff1f\u82e5\u5bf9\u91c7\u6837\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u4fe1\u53f7\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u5b57\u6ee4\u6ce2\uff0c\u8bf7\u5217\u4e3e\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u6ee4\u6ce2\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\uff0815 \u5206\uff09\u53f3\u56fe\u662f\u884c\u9a76\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u4e24\u8f6e\u81ea\u5e73\u8861\u8f66\uff0c\u8bf7\u5206\u6790\u81ea\u5e73\u8861\u8f66\u5728\u9759\u6b62\u3001\u884c\u9a76\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u9053\u8def\u3001\u73af\u5883\u548c\u64cd\u63a7\u8005\u81ea\u8eab\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u9020\u6210\u884c\u9a76\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u963b\u788d\uff1f\u4f60\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u51fa\u54ea\u4e9b\u53ef\u671b\u589e\u5f3a\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff1f</p> </li> <li> <p>\uff0810 \u5206\uff09\u5217\u4e3e\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u5e76\u5206\u6790\u8bf4\u660e\u8be5\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u63a7\u5236\u6216\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u8282\u673a\u5236\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\uff0810 \u5206\uff09\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u7531\u82e5\u5e72\u4e2a\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u5355\u5143\u8fde\u63a5\u7ec4\u5408\u800c\u6210\uff0c\u8bf7\u5199\u51fa\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u5355\u5143\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u753b\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u81f3\u5c11\u5305\u542b 3 \u79cd\u8fde\u63a5\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u6846\u56fe\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\uff0815 \u5206\uff09\u67d0\u95ed\u73af\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u6846\u56fe\u5982\u4e0b\uff0c\\(u=6\\)\uff0c\u6c42\u8f93\u51fa \\(y\\) \u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002</p> </li> </ol> <p></p> <ol> <li> <p>\uff0810 \u5206\uff09\u5f00\u73af\u4f20\u9012\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6781\u70b9\u5206\u5e03\u6709\u54ea\u51e0\u7c7b\uff1f\u5224\u65ad\u5f00\u73af\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f</p> </li> <li> <p>\uff0815 \u5206\uff09\u5982\u95ed\u73af\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7279\u5f81\u65b9\u7a0b\u5982\uff1a\\(D(\\lambda)=\\lambda^4+5\\lambda^3+4\\lambda^2+7\\lambda+6\\)\uff0c\u8bd5\u6839\u636e\u52b3\u601d\u5224\u522b\u6cd5\u5224\u65ad\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002</p> </li> </ol>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#1","title":"\u7b2c 1 \u8bb2 \u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7406\u8bba","text":"<p>\u5386\u5e74\u9898\u76ee</p> <ul> <li>\u53d9\u8ff0\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u3001\u53d1\u5c55\u4ee5\u53ca\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u3002</li> <li>\u5217\u4e3e\u56db\u4e2a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5bf9\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5f62\u6210\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u63a8\u8fdb\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002</li> <li>\u5217\u4e3e 3 \u4e2a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u4ea7\u751f\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4efb\u52a1\u53ca\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u8d21\u732e\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#2","title":"\u7b2c 2 \u8bb2 \u4e09\u8bba","text":"<p>\u5386\u5e74\u9898\u76ee</p> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u8ff0\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bba\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u8bba\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u548c\u4ee3\u8868\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5e76\u7b80\u8ff0\u8fd9\u4e09\u8005\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#3","title":"\u7b2c 3 \u8bb2 \u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u672c\u8282\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u6027\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#_1","title":"\u53cd\u9988\u63a7\u5236","text":"\u53cd\u9988\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784 <ul> <li>\u53cd\u9988\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff1a<ul> <li>\u6709\u53cd\u9988\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4fe1\u53f7\u4f20\u9012\u5f62\u6210\u95ed\u5408\u56de\u8def\u3002</li> <li>\u6297\u6270\u6027\u597d\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u7cbe\u5ea6\u9ad8\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#_2","title":"\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u5efa\u6a21\u65b9\u6cd5","text":"<ul> <li>PPT \u5f00\u5934\u8bb2\u4e86\u4e00\u5806\u5efa\u6a21\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u3001\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u5427\u5566\u5427\u5566\u3002<ul> <li>\u7cfb\u7edf\u5efa\u6a21\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6027</li> <li>\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u7279\u5f81</li> <li>\u7cfb\u7edf\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5206\u7c7b</li> <li>\u7cfb\u7edf\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5206\u7c7b</li> <li>\u7cfb\u7edf\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u548c\u539f\u5219</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u91cd\u70b9\u662f\u4e86\u89e3\u65b9\u5757\u56fe\u7684\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002</li> </ul> \u7cfb\u7edf\u5efa\u6a21\u7684\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u6cd5 <p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff1a\\(u(t)\\) \u662f\u53ef\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u91cf\uff0c\\(y(t)\\) \u662f\u88ab\u63a7\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u91cf\uff0c\\(d(s)\\) \u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u6270\u52a8\u91cf\u3002</p> <p>\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u52a8\u6001\u6a21\u578b\uff08\u5927\u6982\u5c31\u662f\u63a7\u5236\u91cf\u548c\u88ab\u63a7\u91cf\u90fd\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u56e0\u7d20\u53d8\u5316\u5427\uff09\uff0c\u4ece\u65f6\u57df\u3001\u9891\u57df\u3001\u590d\u57df\u89d2\u5ea6\u5c55\u5f00\u5206\u6790\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a</p> <p></p> <p></p> \u673a\u7406\u5efa\u6a21\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u4f8b\u5b50 <p>\u4e00\u822c\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a</p> <ol> <li>\u786e\u5b9a\u8f93\u5165\u3001\u8f93\u51fa\u53d8\u91cf</li> <li>\u6839\u636e\u7269\u7406\u5b9a\u5f8b\u7b49\u5199\u51fa\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b</li> <li>\u6d88\u53bb\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5199\u51fa\u8f93\u5165\u3001\u8f93\u51fa\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b</li> <li>\u4e0e\u8f93\u5165\u6709\u5173\u7684\u653e\u5728\u53f3\u8fb9\uff0c\u4e0e\u8f93\u51fa\u6709\u5173\u7684\u653e\u5728\u5de6\u8fb9\uff0c\u6309\u964d\u6b21\u6392\u5217\u3002</li> </ol> RLC \u7535\u8def\u673a\u68b0\u4f4d\u79fb\u7cfb\u7edf <p>RLC \u7535\u8def\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1a</p> <p></p> <p>\u4f7f\u7528\u57fa\u5c14\u970d\u592b\u5b9a\u5f8b\u5b9a\u5f8b\u5f97\u5230\uff1a</p> \\[ \\begin{cases} u(t) = Ri(t) + L\\frac{di(t)}{dt} + \\frac{1}{C}\\int_{0}^{t}i(\\tau)d\\tau \\\\ y(t) = i(t) \\end{cases} \\] <p>\u4ee3\u5165\u5f97\u5230\uff1a</p> \\[ LC\\frac{d^2y(t)}{dt^2} + RC\\frac{dy(t)}{dt} + y(t) = u(t) \\] <p>\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b</p> <p>\u673a\u68b0\u4f4d\u79fb\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1a</p> <p></p> <p>\u4f7f\u7528\u725b\u987f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\u5f97\u5230\uff1a</p> \\[ \\begin{cases} F_1=ky(t)\\\\ F_2=f\\frac{dy(t)}{dt}\\\\ a=\\frac{d^2y(t)}{dt^2}\\\\ F(t)-F_1-F_2=ma \\end{cases} \\] <p>\u6574\u7406\u5f97\u5230\uff1a</p> \\[ m\\frac{d^2y(t)}{dt^2}+f\\frac{dy(t)}{dt}+ky(t)=F(t) \\] <p>\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b</p> <p>\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\uff1a</p> \\[ a\\frac{d^2y(t)}{dt^2}+b\\frac{dy(t)}{dt}+cy(t)=u(t) \\] <ul> <li>\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5e9e\u5927\uff0c\u673a\u7406\u5efa\u6a21\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d7\u963b\u3001\u7ecf\u9a8c\u77e5\u8bc6\u79ef\u7d2f\u56f0\u96be\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u9a71\u52a8\u5efa\u6a21\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002PPT \u4ee5\u4e3b\u5143\u5206\u6790\u6cd5\u4e3a\u4f8b\u8fdb\u884c\u8bb2\u89e3\u3002</li> <li>\u4e3b\u5143\u5206\u6790\u6cd5\u9996\u5148\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u901a\u8fc7\u6570\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b80\u5316\u4e3a\u51e0\u4e2a\u7efc\u5408\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u6307\u6807\uff08\u9ad8\u7ef4\u8f6c\u4f4e\u7ef4\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53d6\u80fd\u53cd\u6620\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\u6700\u5927\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u6307\u6807\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e3b\u5143\u3002\u7528\u7ebf\u6027\u4ee3\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u8868\u8ff0\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4f18\u5316\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u7279\u5f81\u503c\u6c42\u89e3\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002</li> <li>\u6570\u636e\u9a71\u52a8\u5efa\u6a21\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f88\u6709\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u5728\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5927\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u3001\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7b49\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f1a\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u673a\u4f1a\u3002</li> </ul> \u6570\u636e\u9a71\u52a8\u5efa\u6a21\u65b9\u6cd5 <ul> <li>\u7edf\u8ba1\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u591a\u5143\u7edf\u8ba1\u5206\u6790\u5982\u4e3b\u5143\u5206\u6790\u3001\u504f\u6700\u5c0f\u4e8c\u4e58\u7b49</li> <li>\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\uff1a\u5085\u91cc\u53f6\u53d8\u6362\u3001\u8c31\u5206\u6790\u3001\u5c0f\u6ce2\u53d8\u6362\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b49</li> <li>\u6570\u636e\u6316\u6398\uff1a\u76f8\u5173\u5206\u6790\u3001\u8d8b\u52bf\u5206\u6790\u3001\u5173\u8054\u89c4\u5219\u6316\u6398\u3001\u9884\u6d4b\u5206\u6790\u7b49</li> <li>\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\uff1a\u805a\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u5206\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u56de\u5f52\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7b49</li> <li>\u5176\u5b83\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u8ba1\u7b97\u667a\u80fd\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u4eff\u751f\u8ba1\u7b97\u7b49</li> </ul> <p>\u6570\u636e\u5efa\u6a21\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u6846\u67b6\uff1a</p> <p></p> <ul> <li>\u7cfb\u7edf\u5206\u6790\u6cd5\u6ca1\u4ec0\u4e48\u7528</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#4","title":"\u7b2c 4 \u8bb2 \u53cd\u9988\u4e0e\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf","text":"<p>\u672c\u8bb2\u91cd\u70b9</p> <p>\u638c\u63e1\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u65b9\u6846\u56fe\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002</p> \u65b9\u6846\u56fe\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5143\u7d20 <p></p> \u65b9\u6846\u56fe\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784-\u4e32\u8054\u548c\u5e76\u8054 <ul> <li>\u4e32\u8054\uff1a\\(G(s) = G_1(s)G_2(s)\\)</li> </ul> <p></p> <ul> <li>\u5e76\u8054\uff1a\\(G(s) = G_1(s) + G_2(s)\\)</li> </ul> <p></p> \u65b9\u6846\u56fe\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784-\u53cd\u9988 <p></p> <ul> <li>\u8d1f\u53cd\u9988\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a\\(Y=(\\frac{G}{1+GH})U\\)</li> <li>\u6b63\u53cd\u9988\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a\\(Y=(\\frac{G}{1-GH})U\\)\uff08\u5c31\u662f\u6c42\u548c\u70b9\u53d8\u53f7\u4e86\u800c\u5df2\uff09</li> </ul> \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u53cd\u9988\u63a7\u5236\u597d\uff1f <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> \u65b9\u5757\u56fe\u5316\u7b80-\u70b9\u7684\u79fb\u52a8 \u6c42\u548c\u70b9\u79fb\u52a8\u5f15\u51fa\u70b9\u79fb\u52a8 <p>\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\uff1a\\(Hs\\)\uff0c\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\uff1a\\(\\frac{1}{H}s\\)</p> <p></p> <p>\u76f8\u90bb\u6c42\u548c\u70b9\u53ef\u4efb\u610f\u6362\u4f4d\u3002</p> <p>\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8\uff1a\\(\\frac{1}{H}s\\)\uff0c\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\uff1a\\(Hs\\)</p> <p></p> <p>\u76f8\u90bb\u5f15\u51fa\u70b9\u4e5f\u53ef\u4efb\u610f\u6362\u4f4d\u3002</p> \u4f8b\u9898\uff1a\u6c42\u89e3\u8f93\u51fa\u4e0e\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5173\u7cfb \u9898\u76eeStep 1\uff1a\u8bc6\u522b\u53cd\u9988\u7ed3\u6784Step 2\uff1a\u5f15\u51fa\u70b9\u79fb\u52a8Step 3: \u53cd\u9988\u3001\u5e76\u8054\u3001\u4e32\u8054 <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <p></p> <ul> <li>\u4fe1\u53f7\u6d41\u56fe\u5927\u6982\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u65b9\u6846\u56fe\u7684\u65b9\u6846\u753b\u6210\u7ebf\u5c31\u662f\u4e86\u3002</li> <li>\u5982\u679c\u51fa\u73b0\u4fe1\u53f7\u6d41\u56fe\uff0c\u5b83\u6240\u8868\u793a\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u6885\u900a\u589e\u76ca\u516c\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u5316\u7b80\u3002</li> </ul> \u4fe1\u53f7\u6d41\u56fe\u7684\u7ed3\u6784 <p></p> <p></p> <p>\u5386\u5e74\u9898\u76ee\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u51fa\u73b0\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u6885\u900a\u516c\u5f0f\u5316\u7b80\u7684\u9898\u76ee\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u4e0d\u8bb2\u4e86\u3002</p> <p>\u5386\u5e74\u9898\u76ee</p> <ul> <li>\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0b\u9762\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u7684\u603b\u589e\u76ca\uff1a</li> <li>\u4ece\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bba\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u3001\u5173\u8054\u6027\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u5e73\u8861\u6027\u3001\u65f6\u5e8f\u6027\u7b49\u57fa\u672c\u7279\u5f81\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u7b80\u8981\u5206\u6790\u5982\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u7684\u5355\u95ed\u73af\u53cd\u9988\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf</li> <li>\u53cd\u9988\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u82e5 \\(u=3\\)\uff0c\u6c42 \\(y\\)\u3002</li> <li>\u67d0\u7cfb\u7edf\u6846\u56fe\u5982\u4e0b\uff0c\u8f93\u5165 \\(u=4\\)\uff0c\u6c42\u8f93\u51fa \\(y\\) \u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f</li> <li>\u67d0\u7cfb\u7edf\u6846\u56fe\u5982\u4e0a\u56fe\uff0c\u8f93\u5165 \\(u=2\\)\uff0c\u8bd5\u6c42\u8f93\u51fa \\(y\\) \u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002</li> <li>\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u7531\u82e5\u5e72\u4e2a\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u5355\u5143\u8fde\u63a5\u7ec4\u5408\u800c\u6210\uff0c\u8bf7\u5199\u51fa\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u5355\u5143\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#5","title":"\u7b2c 5 \u8bb2 \u7a33\u5b9a\u6027","text":"<p>\u672c\u8bb2\u6458\u8981</p> <p>\u672c\u8bb2\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u9650\u5dee\u8ddd\u4e5f\u62c9\u5f97\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u524d\u9762\u8bb2\u4e00\u5806\u5e9f\u8bdd\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u201c\u786c\u6838\u9009\u5b66\u201d\u90e8\u5206\u53c8\u9700\u8981\u975e\u5e38\u6df1\u539a\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u529f\u5e95\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u7ebf\u6027\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f97\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u5206\u6790\u7b49\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u4ee3\u6570\u5b66\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u53cd\u6b63\u6211\u5b66\u5b8c\u6574\u95e8\u8bfe\u90fd\u6ca1\u641e\u61c2\u62c9\u5f0f\u53d8\u6362\u3002</p> <p>\u5386\u5e74\u9898\u76ee\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u7acb\u300a\u5de5\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u300b\uff1f\u5b83\u4e0e\u7ef4\u7eb3\u7684\u300a\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u300b\u533a\u522b\u4e0e\u8054\u7cfb\uff1f</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#6","title":"\u7b2c 6 \u8bb2 \u65f6\u57df\u5206\u6790","text":"<p>\u672c\u8bb2\u6458\u8981</p> <p>\u4ece\u672c\u8bb2\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u63a5\u89e6\u5230\u63a7\u5236\u8bba\u5728\u7406\u5de5\u79d1\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5e94\u7528\u2014\u2014\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u57df\u548c\u9891\u57df\u5206\u6790\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u518d\u5230\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e0e\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5230 PID \u63a7\u5236\u2014\u2014\u6700\u4e3a\u6cdb\u7528\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u3002</p> <p>\u672c\u8bb2\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u662f\u638c\u63e1\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u65f6\u57df\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5 - \u6982\u5ff5\u6027\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a\u5305\u62ec\u9636\u8dc3\u54cd\u5e94\u3001\u8109\u51b2\u54cd\u5e94\u3001\u9891\u7387\u54cd\u5e94\u3001\u7a33\u6001\u8bef\u5dee\u7b49\u3002 - \u8ba1\u7b97\u6027\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a\u52b3\u65af\u5224\u636e</p>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#_3","title":"\u5178\u578b\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u4fe1\u53f7","text":"\u51e0\u79cd\u5178\u578b\u4fe1\u53f7 \u9636\u8dc3\u4fe1\u53f7\u659c\u5761\u4fe1\u53f7\u8109\u51b2\u4fe1\u53f7\u629b\u7269\u7ebf\u4fe1\u53f7\u6b63\u5f26\u4fe1\u53f7"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#_4","title":"\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u6001\u8bef\u5dee\u548c\u52a8\u6001\u54c1\u8d28","text":"\u9636\u8dc3\u8f93\u5165\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u8c03\u8282\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u54c1\u8d28\u6307\u6807 <p>\u5728\u4e0a\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6307\u6807\uff1a - \u7a33\u6001\u8bef\u5dee \\(\\delta(\\infty)\\) - \u6700\u5927\u8d85\u8c03\u91cf \\(\\sigma_p=\\frac{y(t_p)-y(\\infty)}{y(\\infty)}\\)\uff1a\u54cd\u5e94\u66f2\u7ebf\u504f\u79bb\u7a33\u6001\u503c\u5f97\u6700\u5927\u503c\uff0c\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u8868\u793a\u3002\u8bf4\u660e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f97\u76f8\u5bf9\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027 - \u5ef6\u6ede\u65f6\u95f4 \\(t_d\\)\uff1a\u5230\u8fbe\u7a33\u6001\u503c 50% \u6240\u9700\u65f6\u95f4 - \u5cf0\u503c\u65f6\u95f4 \\(t_p\\)\uff1a\u5230\u8fbe\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5cf0\u503c\uff08\u6700\u5927\u8d85\u8c03\u91cf\uff09\u6240\u9700\u65f6\u95f4 - \u4e0a\u5347\u65f6\u95f4 \\(t_r\\)\uff1a\u591a\u79cd\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u90fd\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7a33\u6001\u503c\u7684\u767e\u5206\u6bd4     - \u4ece 10% \u5230 90% \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u65e0\u632f\u8361\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09     - \u4ece 5% \u5230 95% \u7684\u65f6\u95f4     - \u4ece 0 \u5230 100% \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6709\u632f\u8361\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09 - \u8c03\u6574\u65f6\u95f4 \\(t_s\\)\uff1a\u4ece 0 \u5230\u8fdb\u5165\u7a33\u6001\u503c\u5728 95%~105% \u7684\u65f6\u95f4</p>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#_5","title":"\u7ebf\u6027\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b","text":"\u52a0\u70ed\u7535\u7089\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u53ca\u5176\u63a8\u5bfc <p>\u770b PPT \u5427\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#_6","title":"\u6c42\u89e3\u7ebf\u6027\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b","text":"\u7ebf\u6027\u5e38\u7cfb\u6570\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u7684\u89e3 <p>\u7ebf\u6027\u5e38\u7cfb\u6570\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u7684\u89e3\u662f\u7531\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u89e3\u52a0\u4e0a\u9f50\u6b21\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u7684\u901a\u89e3\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u3002</p> <p>\u901a\u5e38\u53d6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u6001\u89e3\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7279\u89e3\uff0c\u9f50\u6b21\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u7684\u901a\u89e3\u4e3a\u6682\u6001\u89e3\u3002</p> <p></p> <p></p> \u4ece\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u6001 <p>\u5982\u679c\u7279\u5f81\u6839\u662f\u8d1f\u6570\uff0c\u6216\u5177\u6709\u8d1f\u5b9e\u90e8\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u6001\u89e3\u662f\u6536\u655b\u7684\uff0c\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\uff1b\u5426\u5219\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#_7","title":"\u52b3\u65af\u5224\u636e","text":"<ul> <li>\u52b3\u65af\u5224\u636e\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u5224\u65ad\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6781\u70b9\u662f\u5426\u5728\u53f3\u534a\u5e73\u9762\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u53f3\u534a\u5e73\u9762\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002</li> </ul> \u52b3\u65af\u7684\u4ee3\u6570\u7a33\u5b9a\u5224\u636e <ol> <li>\u6309\u964d\u6b21\u5e42\u5217\u51fa\u95ed\u73af\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f</li> </ol> \\[ D(\\lambda)=a_n\\lambda^n+a_{n-1}\\lambda^{n-1}+\\cdots+a_1\\lambda+a_0=0 \\] <ol> <li>\u6839\u636e\u7cfb\u6570\u5217\u51fa\u52b3\u65af\u8868</li> </ol> \\[ \\begin{array}{c|c|c|c|c|c} \\lambda^n &amp; a_n &amp; a_{n-2} &amp; a_{n-4} &amp; \\cdots &amp; a_0 \\\\ \\lambda^{n-1} &amp; a_{n-1} &amp; a_{n-3} &amp; a_{n-5} &amp; \\cdots &amp; 0 \\\\ \\lambda^{n-2} &amp; b_1 &amp; b_2 &amp; b_3 &amp; \\cdots &amp; 0 \\\\ \\lambda^{n-3} &amp; c_1 &amp; c_2 &amp; c_3 &amp; \\cdots &amp; 0 \\\\ \\vdots &amp; \\vdots &amp; \\vdots &amp; \\vdots &amp; \\ddots &amp; \\vdots \\\\ \\lambda^1 &amp; e_1 &amp; e_2 &amp; e_3 &amp; \\cdots &amp; 0 \\\\ \\lambda^0 &amp; f_1 &amp; f_2 &amp; f_3 &amp; \\cdots &amp; 0 \\\\ \\end{array} \\] <ol> <li>\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e09\u884c\u8d77\uff0c\u5404\u5143\u7d20\u6309\u4e0b\u5217\u516c\u5f0f\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6c42\u51fa \\(n+1\\) \u884c\u3002</li> </ol> \\[ \\begin{aligned} b_1 &amp;=\\frac{-\\left|\\begin{array}{cc}a_{n} &amp; a_{n-2} \\\\ a_{n-1} &amp; a_{n-3}\\end{array}\\right|}{a_{n-1}} \\\\ b_2 &amp;=\\frac{-\\left|\\begin{array}{cc}a_{n} &amp; a_{n-4} \\\\ a_{n-1} &amp; a_{n-5}\\end{array}\\right|}{a_{n-1}} \\\\ c_1 &amp;=\\frac{-\\left|\\begin{array}{cc}a_{n-1} &amp; a_{n-3} \\\\ b_{1} &amp; b_{2}\\end{array}\\right|}{b_1} \\\\ c_2 &amp;=\\frac{-\\left|\\begin{array}{cc}a_{n-1} &amp; a_{n-5} \\\\ b_{1} &amp; b_{3}\\end{array}\\right|}{b_1} \\\\ \\end{aligned} \\] <ol> <li>\u7ebf\u6027\u5b9a\u5e38\u95ed\u73af\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u5145\u5206\u5fc5\u8981\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u5fae\u5206\u65b9\u7a0b\u7279\u5f81\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7cfb\u6570\u5747\u4e3a\u6b63\uff0c\u52b3\u65af\u8868\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u6240\u6709\u7cfb\u6570\u5747\u4e3a\u6b63\u3002</li> </ol> \u52b3\u65af\u5224\u636e\u4f8b\u9898 <p>\u5386\u5e74\u9898\u76ee</p> <ul> <li>\u6839\u636e\u7089\u6e29\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u5224\u65ad\u88ab\u63a7\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u57df\u5206\u6790\uff1f</li> <li> <p>\u95ed\u73af\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7279\u5f81\u65b9\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\uff0c\u7528\u52b3\u65af\u5224\u636e\u5224\u65ad\u5176\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027</p> \\[ D(\\lambda) = \\lambda^4+6\\lambda^3+9\\lambda^2+8\\lambda+6=0 \\] </li> <li> <p>\u95ed\u73af\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7279\u5f81\u65b9\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\uff0c\u7528\u52b3\u65af\u5224\u636e\u5224\u65ad\u5176\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027</p> \\[ D(\\lambda) = 2\\lambda^4+5\\lambda^3+4\\lambda^2+7\\lambda+1=0 \\] </li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#7","title":"\u7b2c 7 \u8bb2 \u9891\u57df\u5206\u6790","text":""},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#8","title":"\u7b2c 8 \u8bb2 \u79bb\u6563\u65f6\u95f4\u63a7\u5236","text":"<p>\u5386\u5e74\u9898\u76ee\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u6a21\u62df\u578b\u53f7\u3001\u79bb\u6563\u4fe1\u53f7\u3001\u6570\u5b57\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b\u548c\u8054\u7cfb\uff1f\u65f6\u95f4\u8fde\u7eed\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u79bb\u6563\u5316\uff1f\u901a\u8fc7\u91c7\u6837\u5b9e\u73b0\u65f6\u95f4\u79bb\u6563\u5316\u540e\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u8fd8\u539f\u4e3a\u539f\u5148\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1f</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#9-pid","title":"\u7b2c 9 \u8bb2 PID \u63a7\u5236","text":"<p>\u5386\u5e74\u9898\u76ee\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u53d9\u8ff0 PID \u63a7\u5236\u4e2d P\u3001I\u3001D \u7684\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u53ca\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528</li> <li>\u7b80\u8981\u89e3\u91ca PID \u63a7\u5236\u5668\u4e2d\u53c2\u6570 KP\u3001KI\u3001KD \u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u8c08\u8c08\u9488\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u73af\u5883 PID \u63a7\u5236\u5668\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u6539\u8fdb\u6216\u62d3\u5c55\u3002</li> <li>\u53d9\u8ff0 PID \u63a7\u5236\u4e2d P\u3001I\u3001D \u7684\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e3e\u4f8b\u8bf4\u660e PID \u63a7\u5236\u5668\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#10","title":"\u7b2c 10 \u8bb2 \u673a\u5668\u4eba\u53ca\u5176\u63a7\u5236\u6280\u672f","text":"<p>\u5386\u5e74\u9898\u76ee\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u30103 \u6b21\u3011\u706b\u7bad\u5728\u6d77\u4e0a\u7740\u9646\u5e73\u53f0\u8fdb\u884c\u5782\u76f4\u7740\u9646\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u706b\u7bad\u7740\u9646\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ec0\u4e48\u63aa\u65bd\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff1f</li> <li>\u7b80\u8ff0\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6784\u6210\u4e0e\u63a7\u5236\u65b9\u5f0f</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#11","title":"\u7b2c 11 \u8bb2 \u81ea\u4e3b\u8f66\u8f86\u4e0e\u4ea4\u901a\u63a7\u5236","text":"<p>\u5386\u5e74\u9898\u76ee\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u57ce\u5e02\u4ea4\u901a\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f\u667a\u6167\u57ce\u5e02\u4ea4\u901a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u63a7\u5236\u6280\u672f\uff1f</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#12","title":"\u7b2c 12 \u8bb2 \u667a\u80fd\u5236\u9020\u4e2d\u7684\u63a7\u5236","text":"<p>\u5386\u5e74\u9898\u76ee\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u8bf7\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u4e1a\u5927\u6570\u636e\u4e0e\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5927\u6570\u636e\u5728\u6570\u636e\u6765\u6e90\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u4ef7\u503c\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002</li> <li>\u5de5\u4e1a 4.0 \u548c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u90fd\u662f\u201c\u667a\u80fd\u201d\uff0c\u8c08\u4e00\u8c08\u5de5\u4e1a\u667a\u80fd\u548c\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u4e0e\u533a\u522b\uff1f</li> <li>\u7b80\u8ff0\u5de5\u4e1a\u5927\u6570\u636e\u4e0e\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5927\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u5e76\u8bf4\u660e\u5de5\u4e1a\u5927\u6570\u636e\u548c\u667a\u80fd\u5236\u9020\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5173\u7cfb\uff1f</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#13","title":"\u7b2c 13 \u8bb2 \u5148\u8fdb\u63a7\u5236","text":""},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#14","title":"\u7b2c 14 \u8bb2 \u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236","text":"<p>\u5386\u5e74\u9898\u76ee\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u6839\u636e\u4e0b\u9762\u6846\u56fe\u5206\u6790\u95ed\u73af\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63a7\u5236</li> <li>\u5206\u6790\u4e0b\u9762\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53cd\u9988\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f53\u73b0\u51fa\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5e76\u8bf4\u660e\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7ed9\u5b9a\u503c\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u6270\u52a8\u5177\u4f53\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f</li> <li>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53cd\u9988\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5217\u4e3e\u4e09\u79cd\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u6270\u52a8\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u5206\u6790\u5982\u4f55\u514b\u670d\u6270\u52a8\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u4e0d\u826f\u5f71\u54cd\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/control-theory/#15","title":"\u7b2c 15 \u8bb2 \u751f\u7269\u63a7\u5236\u8bba","text":"<p>\u5386\u5e74\u9898\u76ee\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u8bd5\u53d9\u8ff0\u4eba\u4f53\u7ad9\u7acb\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8499\u4f4f\u53cc\u773c\u548c\u5355\u817f\u7ad9\u7acb\u65f6\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u4f1a\u4e0b\u964d\uff1f</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/general-physics-1/","title":"\u666e\u901a\u7269\u7406\u5b66 I \uff08H\uff09","text":"<p>\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7b80\u4ecb</p> <ul> <li>\u5f00\u8bfe\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2022-2023 \u6625\u590f</li> <li>\u6388\u8bfe\u6559\u5e08\uff1aMichael Smidman\u3001\u8def\u6b23</li> <li>\u5206\u6570\u6784\u6210\uff1a<ul> <li>\u4f5c\u4e1a 30%</li> <li>\u671f\u4e2d\u8003\u8bd5\u548c\u8bfe\u540e Quiz 30%</li> <li>\u671f\u672b\u8003\u8bd5 40%</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u6388\u8bfe\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u53cc\u8bed\u6559\u5b66</li> </ul> <p>\u4e2a\u4eba\u8bc4\u4ef7</p> <p>\u5728\u5916\u6559\u73ed\u4e0a\u5b66\u666e\u901a\u7269\u7406\u5b66\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9047\u5230\u7684\u969c\u788d\u5c31\u662f\u8bed\u8a00\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u540c\u5b66\u5728\u542c\u5b8c\u7b2c\u4e00\u8282\u8bfe\u540e\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u6362\u5230\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u73ed\u4e0a\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u5f00\u542f\u81ea\u5b66\u3002</p> <p>\u5916\u6559\u73ed\u7684\u666e\u901a\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u6388\u8bfe\u5185\u5bb9\u4ee5\u300aPhysics\u300b\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u8ba9\u4f60\u6df1\u523b\u7406\u89e3\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u4ece\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bfe\u540e\u7684 Quiz \u548c\u4f5c\u4e1a\u5185\u5bb9\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6709\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u5206\u6790\uff08\u5176\u4ed6\u73ed\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5219\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u9ad8\u4e2d\u7269\u7406\u7ade\u8d5b\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8003\u5bdf\u5f97\u4f1a\u7ec6\u8282\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u5404\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u5b9a\u7406\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u63a8\u5bfc\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e86\u5982\u4e8e\u5fc3\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zju/general-physics-1/#_1","title":"\u8003\u524d\u8865\u5929","text":""},{"location":"courses-zju/general-physics-1/#_2","title":"\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba","text":"<ul> <li> <p>\u89e3\u51b3\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e1c\u897f\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u9759\u6b62\u53c2\u8003\u7cfb\u548c\u8fd0\u52a8\u53c2\u8003\u7cfb</li> <li>\u56fa\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u56fa\u6709\u957f\u5ea6</li> <li>\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u5730\u70b9</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u6d1b\u4f26\u5179\u53d8\u6362\uff1a\u8bb0\u4f4f\u4e0b\u9762\u4e24\u4e2a\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u516c\u5f0f\u90fd\u80fd\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u6765\uff1a     $$     \\gamma=\\frac1{\\sqrt{1-u2/c2}}\\     x'=\\gamma(x-ut)\\     t'=\\gamma(t-ux/c^2)     $$</p> <ul> <li> <p>\u901f\u5ea6\u53d8\u6362\uff1a     $$     v_x'=\\frac{\\Delta x'}{\\Delta t'}\\     v_y'=\\frac{\\Delta y'}{\\Delta t'}     $$</p> </li> <li> <p>\u949f\u6162\u6548\u5e94\uff1a\u949f\u8868\u7684\u56fa\u6709\u65f6 \\(\\Delta t_0\\) \u4e0e\u4f60\u6d4b\u91cf\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u65f6\u95f4 \\(\\Delta t\\) \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</p> <ul> <li> <p>\u5173\u952e\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u949f\u6240\u5728\u9759\u6b62\u53c2\u8003\u7cfb\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e24\u6b21\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u5730\u70b9\u76f8\u540c\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\uff1a\u4f60\u5728 \\(S\\) \u7cfb\u4e2d\u9759\u6b62\uff0c\u949f\u5728 \\(S'\\) \u7cfb\u4e2d\u9759\u6b62\u3002</p> <ul> <li> <p>\u4f60\u5728 \\(S\\) \u7cfb\u4e2d\u53d1\u51fa\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u8bfb\u53d6\u949f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u8bfb\u53d6\u949f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u662f\u4f60\u8981\u53d6\u5f97\u7684 \\(\\Delta t\\)\uff0c\u5730\u70b9\u4e5f\u4e0d\u540c\uff08\u949f\u79fb\u52a8\u4e86\uff09\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5728 \\(S'\\) \u7cfb\u4e2d\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u5730\u70b9\u7684\uff08\u90fd\u662f\u949f\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u4e3a\u56fa\u6709\u65f6 \\(\\Delta t_0\\)\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u4ee3\u5165\u6d1b\u4f26\u5179\u53d8\u6362\u516c\u5f0f\u5f97\u5230\uff1a     $$     0=\\gamma(\\Delta x - u\\Delta t)\\     \\Delta t_0 = \\gamma(\\Delta t - u\\Delta x / c^2)     $$     \u6d88\u53bb \\(\\Delta x\\) \u5f97\u5230\u7ed3\u679c \\(\\Delta t = \\gamma \\Delta t_0\\)\u3002</p> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\uff1a\u4f60\u5728 \\(S'\\) \u7cfb\u4e2d\u9759\u6b62\uff0c\u949f\u5728 \\(S\\) \u7cfb\u4e2d\u9759\u6b62\u3002</p> <ul> <li> <p>\u4f60\u5728 \\(S'\\) \u7cfb\u4e2d\u53d1\u51fa\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u662f\u4f60\u8981\u53d6\u5f97\u7684 \\(\\Delta t\\)\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5728 \\(S\\) \u7cfb\u4e2d\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u5730\u70b9\u7684\uff0c\\(\\Delta x = 0\\)\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u4e3a \\(\\Delta t_0\\)\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u4ee3\u5165\u6d1b\u4f26\u5179\u53d8\u6362\u516c\u5f0f\u5f97\u5230\uff1a     $$     \\Delta t = \\gamma(\\Delta t_0 - u\\Delta x/c^2) = \\gamma\\Delta t_0     $$     \u76f4\u63a5\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u7ed3\u679c\u3002</p> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u5c3a\u7f29\u6548\u5e94\uff1a\u4e00\u6839\u6746\u7684\u56fa\u6709\u957f\u5ea6 \\(L_0\\) \u4e0e\u4f60\u6d4b\u91cf\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 \\(L\\) \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002</p> <ul> <li> <p>\u5173\u952e\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6d4b\u91cf\u8005\u6240\u5728\u7684\u9759\u6b62\u53c2\u8003\u7cfb\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e24\u6b21\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e8b\u4ef6\u65f6\u95f4\u76f8\u540c\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\uff1a\u4f60\u5728 \\(S\\) \u7cfb\u4e2d\u9759\u6b62\uff0c\u6746\u5728 \\(S'\\) \u7cfb\u4e2d\u9759\u6b62\u3002</p> <ul> <li> <p>\u4f60\u5728 \\(S\\) \u7cfb\u4e2d\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u51fa\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff1a\u6d4b\u91cf\u6746\u5934\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u548c\u6746\u5c3e\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\\(\\Delta t = 0\\)\uff0c\\(\\Delta L\\) \u662f\u4f60\u8981\u7684\u91cf\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u5728 \\(S'\\) \u7cfb\u4e2d\u770b\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u4f46\u5df2\u77e5\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u4e3a \\(\\Delta L_0\\)\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u4ee3\u5165\u6d1b\u4f26\u5179\u53d8\u6362\u516c\u5f0f\u5f97\u5230\uff1a     $$     \\Delta L_0 = \\gamma(\\Delta L - u \\Delta t) = \\gamma\\Delta L     $$     \u76f4\u63a5\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u7ed3\u679c\u3002</p> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\uff1a\u4f60\u5728 \\(S'\\) \u7cfb\u4e2d\u9759\u6b62\uff0c\u6746\u5728 \\(S\\) \u7cfb\u4e2d\u9759\u6b62\u3002</p> <ul> <li> <p>\u4f60\u5728 \\(S'\\) \u7cfb\u4e2d\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u51fa\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff1a\u6d4b\u91cf\u6746\u5934\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u548c\u6746\u5c3e\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\\(\\Delta t' = 0\\)\uff0c\\(\\Delta L\\) \u662f\u4f60\u8981\u7684\u91cf\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u5728 \\(S\\) \u7cfb\u4e2d\u770b\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u4f46\u5df2\u77e5\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u4e3a \\(\\Delta L_0\\)\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u4ee3\u5165\u6d1b\u4f26\u5179\u53d8\u6362\u516c\u5f0f\u5f97\u5230\uff1a     $$     \\Delta L = \\gamma(\\Delta L_0 - u\\Delta t)\\     \\Delta t' = 0 = \\gamma(\\Delta t - u\\Delta L_0/c^2)     $$     \u6d88\u53bb \\(\\Delta t\\) \u5f97\u5230\u7ed3\u679c \\(\\Delta L = \\frac{\\Delta L_0}{\\gamma}\\)</p> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u5149\u7684\u591a\u666e\u52d2\u6548\u5e94\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u5149\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u65b9\u5411\u4e0e\u8fd0\u52a8\u65b9\u5411\u76f8\u540c\u65f6\uff1a</li> </ul> \\[ f=f_0\\sqrt{\\frac{1-u/c}{1+u/c}} \\] <ul> <li>\u82e5\u76f8\u5bf9\u9760\u8fd1\uff0c\u5219\u7528 \\(-u\\) \u4ee3\u66ff\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u72ed\u4e49\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u52a8\u529b\u5b66</p> <ul> <li> <p>\u52a8\u91cf     $$     \\mathbf{p}=\\frac{m_0}{\\sqrt{1-(v/c)^2}}\\mathbf{v}     $$</p> </li> <li> <p>\u8d28\u91cf     $$     m=\\frac{m_0}{\\sqrt{1-(v/c)^2}}     $$</p> <ul> <li>\u5149\u5b50\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u662f     $$     m_\\phi=\\frac{hv}{c^2}     $$</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u76f8\u5bf9\u8bba\u52a8\u91cf\u548c\u80fd\u91cf\u5173\u5173\u7cfb\u5f0f     $$     E2=c2p2+E_02=c2p2+m_02c4     $$</p> </li> <li></li> </ul> </li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/general-physics-1/#_3","title":"\u5206\u5b50\u52a8\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u7406\u60f3\u6c14\u4f53","text":"\\[ T_{tr}=273.16\\mathrm{K}\\\\ T_C=T-273.15\\\\ \\] <p>Ideal gas law: $$ pV=NkT=nRT $$</p> <ul> <li>Boltzmann constant \\(k=1.38\\times10^{-23}\\mathrm{J/K}\\)</li> <li>Molar gas constant \\(R=8.31\\mathrm{J/mol\\cdot K}\\)</li> </ul> <p>Thermal Expansion:</p> \\[ \\Delta L = \\alpha L \\Delta T \\] <ul> <li> <p>\\(\\alpha\\) is the coefficient of linear expansion.</p> </li> <li> <p>For many solids, called isotropic, the percent change in length for a given temperature change is the same for all lines in the solid. So we have volume expansion:</p> </li> </ul> \\[ \\Delta V = \\beta V \\Delta T = 3 \\alpha V \\Delta T\\\\ \\Rightarrow \\beta = 3 \\alpha \\]"},{"location":"courses-zju/general-physics-1/#pressure","title":"Pressure","text":"<p>Molecular View of Pressure:</p> <ul> <li>Average impulsive force exerted by on molecule: \\(F_x=\\frac{mv_x^2}{L}\\)<ul> <li>Change in momentum: \\(2mv_x\\)</li> <li>Time required to cross the cube: \\(\\frac{L}{v_x}\\)</li> </ul> </li> <li>Total force on face of cube:<ul> <li>\\(\\rho=Nm/L^3\\) is density.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> \\[ p = \\frac1{L^2}\\frac{\\sum mv^2_{ix}}{L} = \\rho(\\frac{\\sum^2_{ix}}{N})=\\rho(v^2_x)_{av}=\\frac13\\rho(v^2)_{av} \\] <p><code>rms</code> is root-mean-square</p> \\[ \\Rightarrow v_{\\mathrm{rms}}=\\sqrt{(v^2)_{av}}=\\sqrt{\\frac{3p}{\\rho}} \\] <ul> <li>Root-mean-square speed of the molecules is useful measure of average molecualr speed.</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/general-physics-1/#mean-free-path","title":"Mean Free Path","text":"<p>Mean free path \\(\\lambda\\) is the average value of straight-line distance our chosen molecule travels between collisions. All molecules of the gas have the same mean free path. $$ \\lambda=\\frac{kT}{\\sqrt2\\pi d^2 p} $$</p>"},{"location":"courses-zju/general-physics-1/#distribution-of-molecular-speeds","title":"Distribution of molecular speeds","text":"<p>Maxwell speed distribution: $$ N(v)=4\\pi N(\\frac{m}{2\\pi kT}){3/2}v2e{-mv2/2kT} $$ Consequences:</p> <ul> <li>Most probable speed \\(v_p =\\sqrt\\frac{2kT}{m}\\)</li> <li>Average speed \\(v_{av} =\\sqrt{\\frac{8kT}{\\pi m}}\\)</li> <li>Root-mean-square speed \\(v_{rms} = \\sqrt\\frac{3kT}{m}\\)</li> <li>Average translational kinetic energy \\(K_{trans}=\\frac32 kT\\)</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zju/general-physics-1/#real-gases","title":"Real Gases","text":"\\[ (p+\\frac{a}{V_m^2})(V_m-b)=RT \\]"},{"location":"courses-zju/general-physics-1/#_4","title":"\u70ed\u529b\u5b66","text":"<ul> <li> <p>\u56db\u5927\u51c6\u9759\u6001\u8fc7\u7a0b</p> <ul> <li>\u7b49\u4f53\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff08isochoric\uff09</li> <li>\u7b49\u538b\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff08isobaric\uff09</li> <li>\u7b49\u6e29\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff08isothermal\uff09\uff0c\u7b49\u6e29\u7ebf\uff08isotherm\uff09</li> <li>\u7edd\u70ed\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff08adiabatic\uff09\uff0c\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u4e3a\u7edd\u70ed\uff08in thermal isolation\uff09</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u5faa\u73af\u8fc7\u7a0b</p> <ul> <li> \\[     \\Delta E = 0, Q = A     \\] </li> <li> <p>\u70ed\u673a\uff08heat engine\uff09</p> <ul> <li> <p>\u987a\u65f6\u9488\u65b9\u5411</p> </li> <li> \\[     \\eta = \\frac{A}{Q_1}     \\] </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u5236\u51b7\u673a\uff08refrigerator\uff09</p> <ul> <li> <p>\u9006\u65f6\u9488\u65b9\u5411</p> </li> <li> \\[     \\omega=\\frac{Q_2}{A}     \\] </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u5361\u8bfa\u5faa\u73af\uff08Carnot Cycle\uff09</p> <ul> <li> <p>\u4e24\u6052\u6e29\u70ed\u6e90\u4e4b\u95f4\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u4e24\u4e2a\u51c6\u9759\u6001\u7684\u7edd\u70ed\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u4e24\u4e2a\u51c6\u9759\u6001\u7684\u7b49\u6e29\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u6709\u6b63\u3001\u9006\u5faa\u73af</p> </li> <li> \\[     \\eta_C=1-\\frac{Q_2}{Q_1}=1-\\frac{T_2}{T_1}\\\\     \\omega = \\frac{T_2}{T_1-T_2}     \\] </li> <li> <p>\u5361\u8bfa\u5b9a\u7406\uff1a\u53ef\u9006\u673a\u6548\u7387\u6700\u9ad8\uff0c\u4e3a\uff1a     $$     \\eta = 1 - \\frac{T_2}{T_1}     $$</p> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b</p> <ul> <li>\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4ece\u5355\u4e00\u70ed\u6e90\u5438\u70ed\u4f7f\u4e4b\u5b8c\u5168\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u529f\u800c\u4e0d\u4ea7\u751f\u5176\u4ed6\u5f71\u54cd\u3002</li> <li>\u70ed\u91cf\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u81ea\u53d1\u4ece\u4f4e\u6e29\u7269\u4f53\u4f20\u5411\u9ad8\u6e29\u7269\u4f53\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b</p> <ul> <li>\u51c6\u9759\u6001\u8fc7\u7a0b+\u65e0\u8017\u6563\u4f5c\u7528=\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002</li> <li>\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a<ul> <li>\u6469\u64e6\uff1a\u529f\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u70ed\u3002\u7531\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u70ed\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u518d\u5b8c\u5168\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u529f\u3002</li> <li>\u70ed\u91cf\u4ece\u9ad8\u6e29\u7269\u4f53\u76f4\u63a5\u4f20\u5411\u4f4e\u6e29\u7269\u4f53\uff1a\u540c\u4e0a\u3002</li> <li>\u6c14\u4f53\u81ea\u7531\u81a8\u80c0\uff1a\u7528\u6d3b\u585e\u5c06\u6c14\u4f53\u538b\u56de\u53bb\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5bf9\u6c14\u4f53\u505a\u529f\uff0c\u529f\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u6c14\u4f53\u5411\u5916\u754c\u653e\u51fa\u7684\u70ed\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u518d\u8f6c\u5316\u56de\u529f\u3002</li> <li>\u6c14\u4f53\u8fc5\u901f\u81a8\u80c0\uff1a\u6d3b\u585e\u9644\u8fd1\u6c14\u4f53\u538b\u5f3a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u6c14\u4f53\u5185\u90e8\u538b\u5f3a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8981\u7528\u6d3b\u585e\u63a8\u56de\u53bb\uff0c\u6d3b\u585e\u9644\u8fd1\u538b\u5f3a\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c0f\u4e8e\u6c14\u4f53\u5185\u90e8\u538b\u5f3a\uff0c\u5fc5\u5b9a\u8981\u591a\u505a\u529f\u3002\u8fd9\u5c06\u589e\u52a0\u6c14\u4f53\u5185\u80fd\uff0c\u4ee5\u70ed\u91cf\u5f62\u5f0f\u653e\u51fa\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u518d\u8f6c\u5316\u56de\u529f\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u53ef\u9006\u4e0e\u5426\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e2d\u95f4\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u5e73\u8861\u6001\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u71b5</p> <ul> <li> <p>\u71b5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0e\u521d\u672b\u72b6\u6001\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u4e0e\u8fc7\u7a0b\u65e0\u5173\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u71b5\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a     $$     \\Delta S = \\int^2_1(\\frac{\\delta Q}{T})_{\u53ef\u9006}     $$</p> </li> <li> <p>\u5728\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\\(\\frac{\\delta Q}{T}\\) \u5c31\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u71b5\u53d8\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u5047\u60f3\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0e\u5176\u521d\u672b\u72b6\u6001\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u7528\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u9006\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\uff0c\u71b5\u53d8\u7b49\u4e8e \\(0\\)\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u71b5</p> <ul> <li>\u81ea\u7531\u81a8\u80c0<ul> <li>\u6b64\u65f6\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c06 \\(\\frac{\\delta Q}{T}=0\\) \u770b\u4f5c\u71b5\u53d8\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u3002</li> <li>\u8bbe\u60f3\u4e00\u4e2a\u540c\u6837\u521d\u672b\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u53ef\u9006\u7b49\u6e29\u81a8\u80c0\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u79ef\u5206\u540e\u5f97 \\(\\Delta S = \\frac{m}{M}R\\ln{\\frac{V_2}{V_1}}&gt;0\\)\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u70ed\u4f20\u5bfc<ul> <li>\u5c06\u4e24\u4e2a\u7269\u4f53\u4e00\u8d77\u770b\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8bbe \\(T_1&gt;T_2\\)\u3002</li> <li>\u7cfb\u7edf\u603b\u71b5\u53d8\u4e3a \\(\\frac{\\delta Q}{T_2}-\\frac{\\delta Q}{T_1} &gt; 0\\)\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u71b5\u589e\u52a0\u539f\u7406\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u5c01\u95ed\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7cfb\u7edf\u71b5\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u71b5\u53ea\u5728\u53ef\u9006\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u73bb\u5c14\u5179\u66fc\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a\\(S=k\\ln W\\)\u3002\u5176\u4e2d \\(W\\) \u662f\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u6982\u7387\uff0c\u5373\u5b8f\u89c2\u72b6\u6001\u6240\u5305\u542b\u7684\u5fae\u89c2\u72b6\u6001\u6570\u3002</p> </li> <li></li> </ul> </li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/","title":"\u6d59\u6c5f\u5927\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7b14\u8bb0","text":"<p>\u7b80\u4ecb</p> <p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e3b\u8981\u5b58\u653e\u6d59\u6c5f\u5927\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u76f8\u5173\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7b14\u8bb0\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/#_2","title":"\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5217\u8868","text":""},{"location":"courses-zjucs/#_3","title":"\u2705\u5df2\u5b8c\u6210","text":""},{"location":"courses-zjucs/#_4","title":"\u270f\ufe0f\u6b63\u5728\u7f16\u8f91","text":"<ul> <li>C \u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7cfb\u5217\u8bfe\u7a0b</li> <li>HPC-101</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/","title":"C \u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7cfb\u5217\u8bfe\u7a0b","text":""},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/#_1","title":"\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7b80\u4ecb","text":"<p>\u8be5\u7b14\u8bb0\u5171\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u57fa\u7840\uff08FP\uff0cFundamentals of Programming\uff09<ul> <li>\u5f00\u8bfe\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2022-2023 \u5b66\u5e74 \u79cb\u51ac\u5b66\u671f</li> <li>\u6388\u8bfe\u6559\u5e08\uff1a\u8bb8\u7aef\u6e05</li> <li>\u6559\u6750\uff1aThe C Programming Language. 2nd Edition. Brian W. Kernighan &amp; Dennis M. Ritchie.</li> </ul> </li> <li>C \u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e13\u9898\uff08LCP\uff0cLectures on C Programming\uff09<ul> <li>\u5f00\u8bfe\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2022-2023 \u5b66\u5e74 \u6625\u590f\u5b66\u671f</li> <li>\u6388\u8bfe\u6559\u5e08\uff1a\u7fc1\u607a</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u8fd9\u95e8\u8bfe\u7684\u6559\u6750\u662f\u7ecf\u5178\u7684 K&amp;R C\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a K&amp;R C \u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u96be\u5ea6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8bfb\u8005\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684 C \u8bed\u8a00\u57fa\u7840\uff08\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u5bf9\u5b83\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4e5f\u662f\u201c\u53c2\u8003\u624b\u518c\u201d\u800c\u975e\u5165\u95e8\u4e66\u7c4d\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u66f4\u63a8\u8350\u51c6\u5907\u4fee\u8bfb\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u540c\u5b66\u4f7f\u7528\u300aC Primer Plus\u300b\u5165\u95e8\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u6709\u70b9\u539a\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5185\u5bb9\u5168\u9762\uff0c\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e30\u5bcc\uff0c\u8ddf\u7740\u5b83\u5b66\u4e60\u4e00\u904d\u4f60\u80fd\u517b\u6210\u826f\u597d\u7684 C \u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e60\u60ef\uff0c\u5e76\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/#_2","title":"\u7b14\u8bb0\u5185\u5bb9","text":"<p>\u6211\u8ba1\u5212\u4ee5\u4e13\u9898\u65b9\u5f0f\u5bf9\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5185\u5bb9\u8fdb\u884c\u5f52\u7eb3\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b</li> <li>\u7c7b\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406</li> <li>\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6</li> <li>\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5</li> <li>C \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e0e\u56fe\u5f62\u5e93\u7684\u4f7f\u7528</li> <li>\u5386\u5e74\u5377\u6574\u7406</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/","title":"\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u672c\u8282\u8bb2\u89e3\u51e0\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff08ADT\uff0cAbstract Data Type\uff09\u548c\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u94fe\u8868</li> <li>\u6808\u3001\u961f\u5217</li> <li>\u9012\u5f52\u601d\u60f3</li> <li>\u67e5\u627e\u7b97\u6cd5</li> <li>\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5<ul> <li>\u4e09\u5927\u57fa\u7840\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a\u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f</li> <li>\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f</li> <li>\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f</li> </ul> </li> </ul>","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/#_2","title":"\u62bd\u8c61\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b","text":"<p>\u7528\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u6982\u62ec\u62bd\u8c61\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff08ADT\uff0cAbstract Data Type\uff09\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5b83\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5206\u79bb\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 ADT \u7684\u4eba\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u80fd\u505a\u54ea\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50</p> <p>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 <code>string</code> \u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u79cd ADT\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u5982 <code>length()</code>\u3001<code>substr()</code>\u3001<code>find()</code> \u7b49\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002<code>string</code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u94fe\u8868\u7b49\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u63cf\u8ff0 ADT\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 API\uff08Application Programming Interface\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u8868\u793a\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cAPI \u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86 ADT \u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50</p> <p>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 <code>string</code> \u7684 API\uff1a</p> \u8fd4\u56de\u503c \u65b9\u6cd5\u540d \u53c2\u6570 \u529f\u80fd <code>int</code> <code>length()</code> \u65e0 \u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 <code>string</code> <code>substr(string str, int start, int len)</code> <code>start</code>\uff1a\u5b50\u4e32\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e<code>len</code>\uff1a\u5b50\u4e32\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 \u8fd4\u56de\u5b50\u4e32 <code>int</code> <code>find(string substr)</code> <code>substr</code>\uff1a\u5f85\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u5b50\u4e32 \u8fd4\u56de\u5b50\u4e32\u5728\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e <p>\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e00\u5f20\u8868\u5c31\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684 API\u3002\u5b83\u5b8c\u6574\u5730\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u8fd9\u5f20\u8868\u5c31\u591f\u4e86\u3002</p> <p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 API \u5bf9\u94fe\u8868\u3001\u6808\u3001\u961f\u5217\u7b49 ADT \u8fdb\u884c\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u5e76\u91cd\u70b9\u5173\u6ce8\u5176\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ec6\u8282\u3002</p>","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/#_3","title":"\u94fe\u8868","text":"<p>\u53d1\u660e\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5f25\u8865\u6570\u7ec4\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u9ebb\u70e6\u3002</p> <p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u60f3\u8c61\u6210\u4e00\u6392\u623f\u5b50\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u623f\u5b50\u90fd\u6709\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5730\u5740\u627e\u5230\u623f\u5b50\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u5728\u8fd9\u6392\u623f\u5b50\u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u680b\u65b0\u623f\u5b50\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u540e\u9762\u7684\u623f\u5b50\u90fd\u5f80\u540e\u632a\u4e00\u4f4d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u5f88\u9ebb\u70e6\u7684\u3002\u800c\u94fe\u8868\u50cf\u662f\u4e00\u4e32\u76f8\u8fde\u7684\u94a5\u5319\u6263\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u89e3\u5f00\u4e24\u4e2a\u94a5\u5319\u6263\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u5728\u4efb\u610f\u4f4d\u7f6e\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u94a5\u5319\u6263\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u632a\u52a8\u540e\u9762\u7684\u94a5\u5319\u6263\u3002</p> <p>\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9 <code>Node</code> \u90fd\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\uff1a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6570\u636e <code>Data</code> \u548c\u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488 <code>Next</code>\u3002</p> <p></p>","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/#api","title":"\u94fe\u8868 API","text":"\u8fd4\u56de\u503c \u65b9\u6cd5\u540d \u53c2\u6570 \u529f\u80fd <code>LinkedList</code> <code>create()</code> \u65e0 \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u94fe\u8868 <code>void</code> <code>destroy(LinkedList list)</code> <code>list</code>\uff1a\u94fe\u8868 \u9500\u6bc1\u94fe\u8868 <code>void</code> <code>insert(LinkedList list, int index, int data)</code> <code>list</code>\uff1a\u94fe\u8868<code>index</code>\uff1a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15<code>data</code>\uff1a\u5f85\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e \u5728\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u540e\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u8282\u70b9 <code>void</code> <code>append(LinkedList list, int data)</code> <code>list</code>\uff1a\u94fe\u8868<code>data</code>\uff1a\u5f85\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e \u5728\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u8282\u70b9 <code>void</code> <code>delete(LinkedList list, int index)</code> <code>list</code>\uff1a\u94fe\u8868<code>index</code>\uff1a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 \u5220\u9664\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u8282\u70b9 <code>void</code> <code>deleteValue(LinkedList list, int data)</code> <code>list</code>\uff1a\u94fe\u8868<code>data</code>\uff1a\u5f85\u5220\u9664\u7684\u6570\u636e \u5220\u9664\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u4e3a <code>data</code> \u7684\u8282\u70b9 <code>int</code> <code>length(LinkedList list)</code> <code>list</code>\uff1a\u94fe\u8868 \u8fd4\u56de\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u957f\u5ea6 <code>Node</code> <code>get(LinkedList list, int index)</code> <code>list</code>\uff1a\u94fe\u8868<code>index</code>\uff1a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15 \u8fd4\u56de\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u8282\u70b9 <code>Node</code> <code>search(LinkedList list, int data)</code> <code>list</code>\uff1a\u94fe\u8868<code>data</code>\uff1a\u5f85\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u6570\u636e \u8fd4\u56de\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u4e3a <code>data</code> \u7684\u8282\u70b9 <code>void</code> <code>print(LinkedList list)</code> <code>list</code>\uff1a\u94fe\u8868 \u6253\u5370\u94fe\u8868","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/#_4","title":"\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u57fa\u672c\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0d\u518d\u4f5c\u89e3\u6790\uff0c\u5217\u51fa\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a</p> \u57fa\u7840\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0 linked_list.c<pre><code>typedef struct Node {\nint data;\nstruct Node *next;\n} Node;\ntypedef struct LinkedList {\nNode *head;\nint length;\n} LinkedList;\nLinkedList *create() {\nLinkedList *list = (LinkedList *)malloc(sizeof(LinkedList));\nlist-&gt;head = NULL;\nlist-&gt;length = 0;\nreturn list;\n}\nint length(LinkedList *list) {\nreturn list-&gt;length;\n}\nNode *get(LinkedList *list, int index) {\nif (index &lt; 0 || index &gt;= list-&gt;length) {\nprintf(\"Index out of range\\n\");\nreturn NULL;\n}\nNode *p = list-&gt;head;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; index; i++) {\np = p-&gt;next;\n}\nreturn p;\n}\nvoid insert(LinkedList *list, int index, int data) {\nif (index &lt; 0 || index &gt; list-&gt;length) {\nprintf(\"Index out of range\\n\");\nreturn;\n}\nNode *new_node = (Node *)malloc(sizeof(Node));\nnew_node-&gt;data = data;\nnew_node-&gt;next = NULL;\nif (index == 0) {\nnew_node-&gt;next = list-&gt;head;\nlist-&gt;head = new_node;\n} else {\nNode *p = get(list, index - 1);\nnew_node-&gt;next = p-&gt;next;\np-&gt;next = new_node;\n}\nlist-&gt;length++;\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u94fe\u8868\u65f6\uff0c\u540c\u5b66\u4eec\u9047\u5230\u7684\u6700\u5927\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u5904\u7406\u7a7a\u6307\u9488\u7b49\u8fb9\u754c\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5224\u65ad\u94fe\u8868\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a\u3002</p> <p>\u7a7a\u6307\u9488</p> <p>\u4f7f\u7528\u94fe\u8868\u65f6\u7279\u522b\u6ce8\u610f\u7a7a\u6307\u9488\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002</p> <p></p> <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u7b80\u5316\u5904\u7406\u7a7a\u6307\u9488\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u5934\u90e8\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u54d1\u8282\u70b9\uff09 <code>dummy</code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u5934\u90e8\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e3a\u7a7a\u4e86\u3002\u865a\u62df\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6570\u636e\u57df\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u518d\u7ef4\u62a4 <code>length</code> \u5b57\u6bb5\u4e86\u3002</p> <p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u548c\u5faa\u73af\u94fe\u8868\u7b49\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5176 API \u4e5f\u4f1a\u7565\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u7ed9\u51fa\u5176\u793a\u610f\u56fe\uff0c\u8bf7\u81ea\u884c\u8003\u8651\u5176 API \u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a</p> <p></p>","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/#_5","title":"\u6808","text":"<p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6808\u60f3\u8c61\u6210\u4e00\u5806\u4e66\u672c\uff0c\u4f60\u53ea\u80fd\u4ece\u6700\u4e0a\u9762\u53d6\u8d70\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ea\u80fd\u5c06\u4e66\u653e\u5728\u6700\u4e0a\u9762\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u540e\u8fdb\u5148\u51fa\uff08Last In First Out\uff0cLIFO\uff09\u3002</p>","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/#api_1","title":"\u6808 API","text":"\u8fd4\u56de\u503c \u65b9\u6cd5\u540d \u53c2\u6570 \u529f\u80fd <code>Stack</code> <code>create()</code> \u65e0 \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u6808 <code>void</code> <code>destroy(Stack stack)</code> <code>stack</code>\uff1a\u6808 \u9500\u6bc1\u6808 <code>void</code> <code>push(Stack stack, int data)</code> <code>stack</code>\uff1a\u6808<code>data</code>\uff1a\u5f85\u5165\u6808\u7684\u6570\u636e \u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5165\u6808 <code>int</code> <code>pop(Stack stack)</code> <code>stack</code>\uff1a\u6808 \u5c06\u6808\u9876\u6570\u636e\u51fa\u6808\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de <code>int</code> <code>peek(Stack stack)</code> <code>stack</code>\uff1a\u6808 \u8fd4\u56de\u6808\u9876\u6570\u636e <code>int</code> <code>isEmpty(Stack stack)</code> <code>stack</code>\uff1a\u6808 \u5224\u65ad\u6808\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/#_6","title":"\u6808\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u57fa\u672c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a</p> \u6808\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0 stack.c<pre><code>typedef struct Stack {\nint *data;\nint top;\nint capacity;\n} Stack;\nStack *create() {\nStack *stack = (Stack *)malloc(sizeof(Stack));\nstack-&gt;data = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int) * 10);\nstack-&gt;top = -1;\nstack-&gt;capacity = 10;\nreturn stack;\n}\nvoid destroy(Stack *stack) {\nfree(stack-&gt;data);\nfree(stack);\n}\nvoid push(Stack *stack, int data) {\nif (stack-&gt;top == stack-&gt;capacity - 1) {\nprintf(\"Stack overflow\\n\");\nreturn;\n}\nstack-&gt;data[++stack-&gt;top] = data;\n}\nint pop(Stack *stack) {\nif (stack-&gt;top == -1) {\nprintf(\"Stack underflow\\n\");\nreturn -1;\n}\nreturn stack-&gt;data[stack-&gt;top--];\n}\nint peek(Stack *stack) {\nif (stack-&gt;top == -1) {\nprintf(\"Stack underflow\\n\");\nreturn -1;\n}\nreturn stack-&gt;data[stack-&gt;top];\n}\nint isEmpty(Stack *stack) {\nreturn stack-&gt;top == -1;\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u6808\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u8f83\u4e3a\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u518d\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u89e3\u91ca\u3002</p>","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/#_7","title":"\u961f\u5217","text":"<p>\u961f\u5217\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5148\u8fdb\u5148\u51fa\uff08First In First Out\uff0cFIFO\uff09\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u60f3\u8c61\u6210\u6392\u961f\u4e70\u7968\u3002\u961f\u5217\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u7aef\u70b9\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u961f\u5934\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u961f\u5c3e\u3002\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u4ece\u961f\u5c3e\u5165\u961f\uff0c\u4ece\u961f\u5934\u51fa\u961f\u3002</p>","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/#api_2","title":"\u961f\u5217 API","text":"\u8fd4\u56de\u503c \u65b9\u6cd5\u540d \u53c2\u6570 \u529f\u80fd <code>Queue</code> <code>create()</code> \u65e0 \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u961f\u5217 <code>void</code> <code>destroy(Queue queue)</code> <code>queue</code>\uff1a\u961f\u5217 \u9500\u6bc1\u961f\u5217 <code>void</code> <code>enqueue(Queue queue, int data)</code> <code>queue</code>\uff1a\u961f\u5217<code>data</code>\uff1a\u5f85\u5165\u961f\u7684\u6570\u636e \u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5165\u961f <code>int</code> <code>dequeue(Queue queue)</code> <code>queue</code>\uff1a\u961f\u5217 \u5c06\u961f\u5934\u6570\u636e\u51fa\u961f\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de <code>int</code> <code>peek(Queue queue)</code> <code>queue</code>\uff1a\u961f\u5217 \u8fd4\u56de\u961f\u5934\u6570\u636e <code>int</code> <code>isEmpty(Queue queue)</code> <code>queue</code>\uff1a\u961f\u5217 \u5224\u65ad\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/#_8","title":"\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0","text":"<p>\u961f\u5217\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u94fe\u8868\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u9700\u8981\u9891\u7e41\u5730\u5728\u961f\u5c3e\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u548c\u5728\u961f\u5934\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u57fa\u672c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a</p> \u961f\u5217\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u5b9e\u73b0 queue.c<pre><code>typedef struct Queue {\nint data;\nstruct Queue *next;\n} Queue;\nQueue *create() {\nQueue *queue = (Queue *)malloc(sizeof(Queue));\nqueue-&gt;next = NULL;\nreturn queue;\n}\nvoid destroy(Queue *queue) {\nQueue *tmp;\nwhile (queue) {\ntmp = queue;\nqueue = queue-&gt;next;\nfree(tmp);\n}\n}\nvoid enqueue(Queue *queue, int data) {\nQueue *tmp = queue;\nwhile (tmp-&gt;next) {\ntmp = tmp-&gt;next;\n}\ntmp-&gt;next = (Queue *)malloc(sizeof(Queue));\ntmp-&gt;next-&gt;data = data;\ntmp-&gt;next-&gt;next = NULL;\n}\nint dequeue(Queue *queue) {\nif (!queue-&gt;next) {\nprintf(\"Queue underflow\\n\");\nreturn -1;\n}\nQueue *tmp = queue-&gt;next;\nint data = tmp-&gt;data;\nqueue-&gt;next = tmp-&gt;next;\nfree(tmp);\nreturn data;\n}\nint peek(Queue *queue) {\nif (!queue-&gt;next) {\nprintf(\"Queue underflow\\n\");\nreturn -1;\n}\nreturn queue-&gt;next-&gt;data;\n}\nint isEmpty(Queue *queue) {\nreturn !queue-&gt;next;\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u5206\u5272\u7ebf\u4e0b\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u6682\u672a\u6574\u7406</p>","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/#_9","title":"\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5","text":"<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u8ba9\u6570\u7ec4\u4ee5\u5347\u5e8f\u6392\u5217</p>","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/#selection-sort","title":"Selection sort","text":"<p>\u6570\u7ec4\u88ab\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\uff1a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u548c\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u8fed\u4ee3\uff0c\u4ece\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u9009\u51fa\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u653e\u5230\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5f00\u5934\u3002</p> <p>\u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u4e24\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u4e2d\u5d4c\u5957\u4e86\u67e5\u627e\u6700\u503c\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002</p> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(N\\) \u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u6392\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u7ea6 \\(N^2/2\\) \u6b21\u6bd4\u8f83\u548c \\(N\\) \u6b21\u4ea4\u6362\u3002</p> <pre><code>void selection_sort(int *arr, int len) {\nint i, j, min, tmp;\nfor (i = 0; i &lt; len - 1; i++) {//The wall begins at 0 and ends at len-1\nmin = i;\nfor (j = i + 1; j &lt; len; j++) {//Find the minimum element in the unsorted array\nif (arr[j] &lt; arr[min]) {\nmin = j;\n}\n}\nif (min != i) {//Swap\ntmp = arr[i];\narr[i] = arr[min];\narr[min] = tmp;\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre>","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/#bubble-sort","title":"Bubble sort","text":"<p>\u6570\u7ec4\u88ab\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\uff1a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u548c\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u8fed\u4ee3\uff0c\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\u4ece\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0a\u6d6e\u5230\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u3002</p> <p>\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u5192\u6ce1\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\uff1a\u4ece\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u9010\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5411\u524d\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u6bd4\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5c0f\uff0c\u5219\u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5373\u5c0f\u5143\u7d20\u201c\u4e0a\u6d6e\u201d\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u5927\u5143\u7d20\u201c\u4e0b\u6c89\u201d\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u5728\u5de6\u4fa7\uff0c\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u5728\u53f3\u4fa7\u3002</p> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a n \u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u9700\u8981 n-1 \u6b21\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p> <pre><code>void bubble_sort(int *arr, int len) {\nint i, j, tmp;\nfor (i = 0; i &lt; len - 1; i++) {\nfor (j = len - 1; j &gt; i; j--) {//Bubble\nif (arr[j] &lt; arr[j - 1]) {\ntmp = arr[j];\narr[j] = arr[j - 1];\narr[j - 1] = tmp;\n}\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre>","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/#insertion-sort","title":"Insertion sort","text":"<p>\u6570\u7ec4\u88ab\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\uff1a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u548c\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u8fed\u4ee3\uff0c\u672a\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u88ab\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5b50\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</p> <p>\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u5d4c\u5165\u4e86\u5bfb\u627e\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002</p> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u968f\u673a\u6392\u5217\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(N\\) \u4e14\u4e3b\u952e\u4e0d\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f\u9700\u8981 \\(N^2/4\\) \u6b21\u6bd4\u8f83\u548c \\(N^2/4\\) \u6b21\u4ea4\u6362\u3002\u6700\u574f\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u9700\u8981 \\(N^2/2\\) \u6b21\u6bd4\u8f83\u548c \\(N^2/2\\) \u6b21\u4ea4\u6362\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u9700\u8981 \\(N-1\\) \u6b21\u6bd4\u8f83\u548c \\(0\\) \u6b21\u4ea4\u6362\u3002</p> <pre><code>void insertion_sort(int *arr, int len) {\nint i, j, tmp;\nfor (i = 1; i &lt; len; i++) {\ntmp = arr[i];\nfor (j = i; j &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; arr[j - 1] &gt; tmp; j--) {//Find the correct position\narr[j] = arr[j - 1];\n}\narr[j] = tmp;\n}\n}\n</code></pre>","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/#_10","title":"\u5f52\u5e76\u6392\u5e8f","text":"<pre><code>void merge(int *arr, int *tmp, int left, int mid, int right) {\nint i, j, k;\nfor (i = left, j = mid + 1, k = left; i &lt;= mid &amp;&amp; j &lt;= right; k++) {\nif (arr[i] &lt;= arr[j]) {\ntmp[k] = arr[i++];\n} else {\ntmp[k] = arr[j++];\n}\n}\nwhile (i &lt;= mid) {\ntmp[k++] = arr[i++];\n}\nwhile (j &lt;= right) {\ntmp[k++] = arr[j++];\n}\nfor (i = left; i &lt;= right; i++) {\narr[i] = tmp[i];\n}\n}\n\nvoid merge_sort(int *arr, int *tmp, int left, int right) {\nif (left &lt; right) {\nint mid = (left + right) / 2;\nmerge_sort(arr, tmp, left, mid);\nmerge_sort(arr, tmp, mid + 1, right);\nmerge(arr, tmp, left, mid, right);\n}\n}\n</code></pre>","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/#_11","title":"\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u5e8f","text":"<pre><code>int partition(int *arr, int left, int right) {\nint pivot = arr[left];\nwhile (left &lt; right) {\nwhile (left &lt; right &amp;&amp; arr[right] &gt;= pivot) {\nright--;\n}\narr[left] = arr[right];\nwhile (left &lt; right &amp;&amp; arr[left] &lt;= pivot) {\nleft++;\n}\narr[right] = arr[left];\n}\narr[left] = pivot;\nreturn left;\n}\n\nvoid quick_sort(int *arr, int left, int right) {\nif (left &lt; right) {\nint pivot = partition(arr, left, right);\nquick_sort(arr, left, pivot - 1);\nquick_sort(arr, pivot + 1, right);\n}\n}\n</code></pre>","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-structure-and-algorithm/#_12","title":"\u5e0c\u5c14\u6392\u5e8f","text":"<pre><code>void shell_sort(int *arr, int len) {\nint i, j, tmp, gap;\nfor (gap = len / 2; gap &gt; 0; gap /= 2) {\nfor (i = gap; i &lt; len; i++) {\ntmp = arr[i];\nfor (j = i; j &gt;= gap &amp;&amp; arr[j - gap] &gt; tmp; j -= gap) {\narr[j] = arr[j - gap];\n}\narr[j] = tmp;\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre>","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-type-and-memory-management/","title":"\u7c7b\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u672c\u8282\u8bb2\u89e3 C \u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u3002</p>","tags":["doing"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-type-and-memory-management/#_2","title":"\u7c7b\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u8be5\u90e8\u5206\u5728\u8bfe\u5802\u4e0a\u6709\u8f83\u4e3a\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u8bb2\u89e3\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u5f53\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e86\u89e3\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u6574\u578b\uff1a<code>int</code>\u3001<code>long</code>\u3001<code>short</code>\u3001<code>char</code>\u3001<code>unsigned</code>\u3001<code>signed</code> \u7b49\u3002</li> <li>\u7ed3\u6784</li> </ul>","tags":["doing"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-type-and-memory-management/#_3","title":"\u6570\u636e\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f","text":"<p>todo: \u6570\u636e\u4e0e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5</p>","tags":["doing"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-type-and-memory-management/#c","title":"C \u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf","text":"\u5b57\u7b26\u7c7b\u578b\u89e3\u60d1 <p>\u6216\u8bb8\u4f60\u4f1a\u548c\u6211\u540c\u6837\u5bf9\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u611f\u5230\u56f0\u60d1\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5b57\u7b26\u5e38\u91cf\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u662f <code>int</code> \u4e14\u957f\u5ea6\u662f 4 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff1f</li> <li>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 <code>getchar()</code> \u7b49\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de <code>int</code> \u800c\u4e0d\u662f <code>char</code>\uff1f</li> <li>\u5bbd\u5b57\u7b26\u3001\u591a\u5b57\u8282\u5b57\u7b26\u548c Unicode \u7a76\u7adf\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\uff1f</li> </ul> <p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c06\u89e3\u91ca\u524d\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u505a\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u770b \u6742\u9879 \u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u5185\u5bb9\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5b57\u7b26\u5e38\u91cf\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f <code>int</code>\uff1f</li> </ul> <p>\u591a\u5b57\u7b26\u5e38\u91cf\uff08Multicharacter constants\uff09\u7ee7\u627f\u4e8e C \u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u524d\u8eab B \u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u9014\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u7f16\u5199\u6c47\u7f16\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6c47\u7f16\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u591a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<code>'abcd'</code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a 32 \u4f4d\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u3002</p> <p>\u5728 C \u6807\u51c6\u4e2d\uff0c\u591a\u5b57\u7b26\u5e38\u91cf\u88ab\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a <code>int</code> \u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u957f\u5ea6\u662f 4 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u3002\u5728 C \u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u591a\u5b57\u7b26\u5e38\u91cf\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u8c03\u8bd5\u76ee\u7684\u800c\u5d4c\u5165\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u7684\u9b54\u6570\uff08Magic Numbers\uff09\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528 <code>0xfeedbeef</code> \u548c <code>0xdeadbeef</code> \u800c\u4e0d\u662f <code>NULL</code> \u6765\u6807\u8bb0\u6307\u9488\u7684\u672a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u548c\u5df2\u5220\u9664\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u597d\u5904\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9b54\u6570\u6765\u5b9a\u4f4d\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</p> <p>\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u5e94\u5f53\u907f\u514d\u5c06\u591a\u5b57\u7b26\u5e38\u91cf\u4ece <code>int</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a <code>char</code> \u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e00\u8f6c\u6362\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u7531\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5b9e\u73b0\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u6bd4\u5982 <code>char a = 'ABCD'</code>\uff0c\u5728 gcc\u3001clang\u3001msvc \u4e0a\u5747\u4e3a <code>a = 'D'</code>\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728 armcc \u4e0a\u4e3a <code>a = 'A'</code>\u3002</p> <ul> <li><code>getchar()</code> \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u8fd4\u56de <code>int</code> \u7c7b\u578b\uff1f</li> </ul> <p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de <code>EOF</code>\uff0c\u800c <code>EOF</code> \u5728\u6807\u51c6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a <code>int</code> \u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a <code>(int)-1</code>\u3002</p> <p>This macro is an integer value that is returned by a number of narrow stream functions to indicate an end-of-file condition, or some other error situation.</p> <p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u8fd9\u4e48\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1f\u4ece\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c<code>EOF</code> \u5e94\u5f53\u4e0e\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u503c\u90fd\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<code>(char)-1</code> \u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\uff08\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u662f <code>char</code> \u7c7b\u578b\uff0c<code>char</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u503c\u90fd\u80fd\u8868\u793a\u5b57\u7b26\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u4f5c <code>EOF</code>\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528 <code>(int)-1</code>\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0e\u524d\u8005\u5bbd\u5ea6\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u503c\u3002</p> <p>\u8fd8\u8bb0\u5f97\u7684\u5728\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u6574\u5f62\u63d0\u5347\u5417\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u8ba9 <code>getchar()</code> \u8fd4\u56de <code>(char)-1</code>\uff0c\u5f53\u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u6536\u5230 <code>(char)-1</code> \u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u4ece\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u6570\u5230\u6709\u7b26\u53f7\u6570\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\uff08\u5373\u4f7f\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e3a\u6709\u7b26\u53f7\u7684 <code>char</code>\uff09\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8fd4\u56de <code>(int)255</code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e <code>EOF</code> \u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0d\u7b26\u3002</p> <p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c<code>char</code>\u3001<code>signed char</code> \u4e0e <code>unsigned char</code> \u76f4\u63a5\u4e24\u4e24\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1 <code>char</code> \u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e3a\u6709\u7b26\u53f7\u6570\u8fd8\u662f\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u6570\u7531\u5b9e\u73b0\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002</p> <p>\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>What is the purpose of multi character constants in C? - Quora</li> <li>Character constant - cppreference.com</li> <li>int c = getchar()? Why int? : C_Programming (reddit.com)</li> <li>Implicit conversions - cppreference.com</li> </ul>","tags":["doing"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-type-and-memory-management/#_4","title":"\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b","text":"","tags":["doing"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-type-and-memory-management/#_5","title":"\u9605\u8bfb\u548c\u64b0\u5199\u7c7b\u578b\u58f0\u660e","text":"<p>Info</p> <p>\u672c\u8282\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3b\u8981\u6765\u81ea\u300aC \u4e13\u5bb6\u7f16\u7a0b\u300b\u7b2c 3 \u7ae0\u201c\u5206\u6790 C \u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u58f0\u660e\u201d\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u6700\u597d\u4f7f\u7528 <code>typedef</code> \u9010\u6b65\u5408\u6210\u58f0\u660e\u3002</p> <p>One good way to synthesize declarations is in small steps with <code>typedef</code>. K&amp;R C, 5.12.</p> <p>\u300aC \u4e13\u5bb6\u7f16\u7a0b\u300b\u548c\u300aC \u9677\u9631\u4e0e\u7f3a\u9677\u300b\u90fd\u63d0\u51fa\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7406\u89e3\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u58f0\u660e\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u672c\u8d28\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u8868\u8ff0\u4e3a\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u58f0\u660e\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002</li> <li>\u58f0\u660e\u662f\u7c7b\u578b+\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u5bf9\u8be5\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6c42\u503c\u5c06\u5f97\u5230\u8be5\u7c7b\u578b\u3002</li> </ul> \u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50 <p>\u770b\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u58f0\u660e\uff1a<code>int *p</code></p> <ul> <li><code>p</code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u58f0\u660e\u5b83\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f <code>*p</code> \uff08\u89e3\u5f15\u7528 <code>p</code>\uff09\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002</li> <li><code>p</code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u5bf9\u5b83\u6c42\u503c\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a <code>int</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u503c\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u518d\u770b\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u58f0\u660e\uff1a<code>char (*(*x[3])())[5]</code></p> <ul> <li><code>x</code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u58f0\u660e\u5b83\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f <code>x[3]</code> \u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002</li> <li>\u628a <code>(*(*x[3])())[5]</code> \u770b\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ece\u5185\u5411\u5916\u6309\u7167\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u548c\u7ed3\u5408\u5f8b\u5bf9\u5176\u6c42\u503c\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a <code>char</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u6c42\u503c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f9d\u6b21\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u3001\u6570\u7ec4\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5f97\u5230\u4e86 <code>char</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u3002</li> </ul> K&amp;R \u5bf9 C \u8bed\u8a00\u7c7b\u578b\u58f0\u660e\u7684\u89e3\u8bfb <p>Todo</p> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u58f0\u660e\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5df2\u7ecf\u8db3\u591f\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u603b\u662f\u5bb9\u6613\u627e\u5230\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f62\u5f0f\u53c2\u6570\u3001<code>typedef</code>\u3001<code>sizeof</code> \u548c\u5f3a\u5236\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u7b26\u7b49\u60c5\u51b5\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c31\u4e0d\u591f\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\uff1a\u4ece\u6700\u5185\u5c42\u62ec\u53f7\u5f00\u59cb\u8bfb\u3002</p> <p>\u770b\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a</p> <pre><code>(*(void(*)())0)();\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>\u4ece\u6700\u5185\u5c42\u62ec\u53f7\u5f00\u59cb\u8bfb\uff1a<code>void(*)()</code> \u663e\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u7c7b\u578b\u662f <code>void</code>\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\u4e3a\u7a7a\u3002</li> <li>\u4e00\u5c42\u62ec\u53f7\u628a <code>void(*)()</code> \u5305\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5f3a\u5236\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u628a <code>0</code> \u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a <code>void(*)()</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002</li> <li>\u6700\u540e\u5c31\u5269\u4e0b <code>(*fp)()</code> \u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u4e86\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u8c03\u7528\u9996\u5730\u5740\u4e3a <code>0</code> \u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u5206\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u58f0\u660e\uff1a</p> <pre><code>typedef void (*funcptr)();\n(*(funcptr)0)();\n</code></pre> <p>C \u8bed\u8a00\u8003\u8bd5\u4e2d\u8fd8\u4f1a\u8981\u6c42\u4f60\u9605\u8bfb\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\uff0c\u4e3a\u5f62\u53c2\u7b49\u4f4d\u7f6e\u586b\u5199\u7c7b\u578b\u58f0\u660e\u3002\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u5386\u5e74\u5377\u603b\u7ed3\u4e2d\u7684\u4f8b\u9898\u3002</p> <p>\u5206\u5272\u7ebf\u4e0b\u65b9\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8fd8\u672a\u6574\u7406</p>","tags":["doing"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-type-and-memory-management/#_6","title":"\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406","text":"<p>C \u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u662f\u4e00\u5927\u75db\u70b9\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u672c\u8eab\u5e76\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b\u68c0\u67e5\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u597d\u597d\u638c\u63e1\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5199\u51fa\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u3002</p>","tags":["doing"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-type-and-memory-management/#_7","title":"\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26","text":"<p>\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u4e86\u89e3\u51e0\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26</p> <ul> <li>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u503c\u90fd\u5360\u7528\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e00\u5757\u5185\u5b58\u79f0\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u50a8\u5b58\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u503c\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u542b\u4e49</p> <p>\u201c\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u6307\u7684\u662f\u201c\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\u201d\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u58f0\u660e\u53d8\u91cf\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff0c\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u786c\u4ef6\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002</li> <li>\u6307\u9488\u4e0e\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u6307\u5b9a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u9014\u5f84\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5de6\u503c</p> <p>\u6307\u5b9a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u5de6\u503c\u3002</p> <ul> <li><code>entity</code> \u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff0c\u662f\u5de6\u503c</li> <li><code>*pt</code> \u662f\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5de6\u503c</li> <li><code>2 * entity</code> \u4e0d\u662f\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u5de6\u503c</li> <li><code>*(pt + 2)</code> \u662f\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5de6\u503c</li> </ul> <p>\u5982\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5de6\u503c\u6539\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u79f0\u4e3a\u53ef\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u5de6\u503c\u3002</p> <pre><code>const char * pc = \"xxxx\";\n</code></pre> <ul> <li><code>pc</code> \u662f\u53ef\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u5de6\u503c</li> <li><code>*pc</code> \u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u5de6\u503c</li> </ul>","tags":["doing"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-type-and-memory-management/#_8","title":"\u5b58\u50a8\u671f\u3001\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u548c\u94fe\u63a5","text":"<p>Note</p> <p>\u5b58\u50a8\u671f\u63cf\u8ff0\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002</p> <p>\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u548c\u94fe\u63a5\u63cf\u8ff0\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u54ea\u4e9b\u90e8\u5206\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u3002</p>","tags":["doing"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-type-and-memory-management/#_9","title":"\u4f5c\u7528\u57df","text":"<p>C \u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u5757\u4f5c\u7528\u57df</li> </ul> <p>\u5927\u591a\u6570\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u4ece\u5b9a\u4e49\u5904\u5230\u5757\u672b\u5c3e\u3002</p> <p>\u51fd\u6570\u5f62\u53c2\uff08\u5373\u4f7f\u5b83\u5728\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7\u5916\u90e8\uff09\u3002</p> Note <p>\u5728 C99 \u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5757\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u5757\u7684\u5f00\u5934\u58f0\u660e\u3002</p> <p>\u4e5f\u662f\u5728 C99\uff0c\u5757\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u88ab\u653e\u5bbd\uff1a\u63a7\u5236\u8bed\u53e5\uff08\u6761\u4ef6\u3001\u5faa\u73af\uff09\u4e5f\u662f\u5757\uff08\u5373\u4f7f\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7\uff09\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a</p> <pre><code>for(int i = 0;;)\nfunction();\n</code></pre> <p><code>i</code> \u5177\u6709\u5757\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\uff0c\u662f\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002</p> <p>\u66f4\u7cbe\u7ec6\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a\u5faa\u73af\u4f53\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u5b50\u5757\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u60f3\u5b83\uff1a</p> <pre><code>{\nfor(int i;;)\n{\nint i;\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u540c\u540d\u53d8\u91cf <code>i</code> \u4e0d\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5757\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u662f\u91cd\u590d\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002</p> <p>Tip</p> <p>\u540c\u540d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5185\u90e8\u8986\u76d6\u5916\u90e8\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u51fd\u6570\u4f5c\u7528\u57df</li> </ul> <p><code>goto</code> \u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u6807\u7b7e\u5728\u5185\u5c42\u7684\u5757\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u4e5f\u5ef6\u4f38\u81f3\u6574\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b\u4f5c\u7528\u57df</li> </ul> <p>\u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u3002\u4ece\u5b9a\u4e49\u5904\u5230\u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b\u7ed3\u675f\u3002</p> <p>\u53ea\u5728\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528 VLA \u65f6\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u4e00\u987a\u5e8f\uff1a</p> <pre><code>void use_VLA(int n, int m, ar[n][m]);\n</code></pre> <ul> <li>\u6587\u4ef6\u4f5c\u7528\u57df</li> </ul> <p>\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u51fd\u6570\u5916\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u4ece\u5b9a\u4e49\u5904\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u3002</p> <p>\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u79f0\u4e3a\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u3002</p> <p>\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5355\u5143</p> <p>\u4f60\u6240\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u6765\u8bf4\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a\u9884\u5904\u7406\u65f6\uff0c\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u88ab\u63d2\u5165\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u770b\u5230\u7684\u662f\u5355\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002</p> <p>\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5355\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5355\u5143\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5355\u5143\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5b83 include \u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002</p> <p>\u521a\u624d\u6211\u4eec\u8bf4\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5355\u5143\u53ef\u89c1\u3002</p>","tags":["doing"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-type-and-memory-management/#_10","title":"\u94fe\u63a5","text":"<ul> <li>\u5916\u90e8\u94fe\u63a5</li> </ul> <p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u591a\u6587\u4ef6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u5730\u65b9\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5185\u90e8\u94fe\u63a5</li> </ul> <p>\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5355\u5143\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u7531 <code>static</code> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u8bf4\u660e\u3002</p> \u7528\u8bed <p>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u5168\u5c40\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u6216\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u6307\u4ee3\u5916\u90e8\u94fe\u63a5\uff0c\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u6307\u4ee3\u5185\u90e8\u94fe\u63a5\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u65e0\u94fe\u63a5</li> </ul> <p>\u5757\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u3002</p>","tags":["doing"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-type-and-memory-management/#_11","title":"\u5b58\u50a8\u671f","text":"<ul> <li>\u9759\u6001\u5b58\u50a8\u671f</li> </ul> <p>\u6574\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u671f\u95f4\u3002\u6587\u4ef6\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002</p> <p>\u5757\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4e5f\u80fd\u5177\u6709\u9759\u6001\u5b58\u50a8\u671f\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 <code>static</code> \u9650\u5b9a\u7b26\u58f0\u660e\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b58\u50a8\u671f</li> </ul> <p>\u4ece\u58f0\u660e\u5904\u5230\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u7684\u58f0\u660e\u4f7f\u7528 <code>_Thread_local</code> \u9650\u5b9a\u7b26\u8bf4\u660e\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u79c1\u6709\u62f7\u8d1d\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u81ea\u52a8\u5b58\u50a8\u671f</li> </ul> <p>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fdb\u5165\u5757\u65f6\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u79bb\u5f00\u5757\u65f6\u91ca\u653e\u3002\u5757\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002</p> <p>VLA \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5916\uff0c\u5b83\u4ece\u5b9a\u4e49\u5904\u5230\u5757\u672b\u5c3e\u5b58\u5728\u3002\uff08\u6bd5\u7adf\u5230\u5b9a\u4e49\u5904\u624d\u80fd\u77e5\u9053\u5176\u5927\u5c0f\uff09\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d\u5b58\u50a8\u671f</li> </ul>","tags":["doing"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-type-and-memory-management/#_12","title":"\u603b\u7ed3","text":"<p>\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u5e76\u53d1\u7f16\u7a0b\uff0cC \u8bed\u8a00\u6709\u4e94\u79cd\u5b58\u50a8\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u8bf7\u63cf\u8ff0\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u671f\u3001\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u3001\u94fe\u63a5\u548c\u5b9a\u4e49\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u81ea\u52a8</li> <li>\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668</li> </ul> <p>\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u53d8\u91cf\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u6700\u5feb\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u80fd\u53d6\u5f97\u5b83\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u9762\u4e0e\u81ea\u52a8\u53d8\u91cf\u76f8\u540c\u3002</p> <p>\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u58f0\u660e\u4e3a\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u7c7b\u578b\u53ef\u80fd\u53d7\u5230\u9650\u5236\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u5904\u7406\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bd4 <code>double</code> \u957f\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0d\u80fd\u58f0\u660e\u4e3a\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u53d8\u91cf\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u9759\u6001\u5916\u90e8\u94fe\u63a5</li> </ul> <p><code>extern</code> \u58f0\u660e\u5e38\u5e38\u662f\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u8bf4\u660e\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002</p> <p>\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u5728\u5757\u4e2d\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u540c\u540d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6\u9759\u6001\u5916\u90e8\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u5982\u679c\u51fa\u73b0\u8fd9\u79cd\u91cd\u540d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528 <code>auto</code> \u6ce8\u660e\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u9759\u6001\u5185\u90e8\u94fe\u63a5</li> <li>\u9759\u6001\u65e0\u94fe\u63a5</li> </ul> <p>\u4ec5\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65f6\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u82e5\u672a\u6307\u5b9a\u503c\uff0c\u5219\u4e3a <code>0</code>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7528\u8c03\u8bd5\u5668\u8c03\u8bd5\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u597d\u50cf\u201c\u8df3\u8fc7\u201d\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u3002</p> Note","tags":["doing"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/data-type-and-memory-management/#-auto-c","title":"- \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>auto</code> \u663e\u5f0f\u8bf4\u660e\u81ea\u52a8\u5b58\u50a8\u671f\u3002\u4f46\u5728 C++ \u4e2d\u5b83\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u9650\u5b9a\u7b26\u3002","text":"","tags":["doing"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/","title":"C \u5927\u7a0b\u5386\u5e74\u5377\u7b80\u5355\u6574\u7406","text":"<p>\u611f\u8c22\u548c\u6211\u4e00\u8d77\u505a\u5386\u5e74\u5377\u5206\u6790\u548c\u6574\u7406\u7684 uu \u4eec\uff1a</p> <p>Anston Sun\u300145gfg9\u3001sanaka\u3001TH \u8ba0 NK\u3001cxy</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#_1","title":"\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898","text":""},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#_2","title":"\u600e\u4e48\u8bfb\u58f0\u660e\uff1f","text":"<ul> <li>\u8be6\u89c1\uff1aReading C type declarations (unixwiz.net)</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#_3","title":"\u51fd\u6570\u4e0e\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488","text":"<p>Author\uff1a45gfg9\u3001Anston Sun</p> <p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u60f9\u4eba\u559c\u7231\u7684\u5c0f\u5bb6\u4f19\u3002</p> <pre><code>int function(int arg)\n{\nreturn 2 * arg;\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u4e00\u822c\u901a\u8fc7\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7c7b\u578b\u662f <code>int (int)</code>\u3002</p> <pre><code>int (*func_ptr)(int);\n</code></pre> <p>\u829d\u58eb\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u829d\u58eb\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u7c7b\u578b\u662f <code>int (*)(int)</code>\u3002</p> <p>\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c0f\u5bb6\u4f19\u80fd\u5e72\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f</p> <pre><code>func_ptr = &amp;function;\nfunc_ptr = function;\n</code></pre> <p>\u524d\u8005\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u6307\u9488\u3002\u6ca1\u9519\uff0c\u5e73\u5e73\u65e0\u5947\u7684\u53d6\u5730\u5740\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6d12\u6d12\u6c34\u5566\u3002 \u540e\u8005\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u6307\u9488\u7684\u503c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u67d0\u5757\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u5947\u6280\u6deb\u5de7\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5c06\u6240\u6307\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u503c\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u6307\u9488\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5c06\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u4ee3\u5668 <code>function</code> \u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488 <code>func_ptr</code>\uff0c\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u4ea7\u751f\u4efb\u4f55\u95ee\u9898\u3002</p> <p>\u574f\u4e86\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u64ad\u653e\u5988\u5988\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u8981\u6253\u9ad8\u7aef\u5c40\u4e86\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4f60\u5148\u522b\u6025\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u4e0d\u77e5\u6240\u4e91\u7684\u8d4b\u503c\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u4e0e\u524d\u8005\u5b8c\u5168\u7b49\u6548\u3002C \u6807\u51c6\u662f\u4ec1\u6148\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u5fcd\u5fc3\u770b\u5230\u88ab\u51fd\u6570\u7ed5\u6655\u7684\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u9762\u5bf9\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u89e3\u5f15\u7528\u4e0d\u77e5\u6240\u63aa\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e86\u51fd\u6570\u5230\u6307\u9488\u7684\u9690\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362\u3002</p> <p>\u8fd9\u91cc <code>function</code> \u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e00\u6b21\u9690\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362\u53d8\u6210 <code>&amp;function</code>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u8f6c\u6362\u5e76\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u503c\uff0c\u800c\u7c7b\u578b\u4ece <code>int (int)</code> \u53d8\u6210 <code>int (*)(int)</code> \u4e86\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u884c\u5c31\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u3002</p> <p>\u73b0\u5728\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u5bf9\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u6709\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u5c31\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u4e00\u770b\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u628a\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b66\u5230\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u8fd0\u7528\u5230\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u5427\u3002</p> <p>\u8bf7\u89e3\u91ca\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a</p> <pre><code>// \u8bd5\u8bd5\u770b\uff01\n(*(void(*)())0)();\n</code></pre> <p>\u597d\u5427\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6216\u8bb8\u5bf9\u4f60\u6765\u8bf4\u4e3a\u65f6\u5c1a\u65e9\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6362\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u70b9\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002</p> <pre><code>function(20);\n(function)(20);\n(*&amp;function)(20);\n(&amp;function)(20);\n(*function)(20);\n(***********function)(20); // \u4e0d\u7528\u6570\u4e86\uff0c11 \u4e2a\n</code></pre> <p>\u5148\u4e0d\u7ba1\u7b2c\u516d\u4e2a\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u770b\u524d\u4e94\u4e2a\u3002</p> <p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u719f\u6089\u4e86\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u755c\u65e0\u5bb3\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u3002</p> <p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u770b\u7740\u548c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u2026\u2026\u6ca1\u9519\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u6837\u3002</p> <p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5462\uff1f\u6ca1\u9519\uff0c\u53d6\u5730\u5740\u518d\u89e3\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u51fa\u9898\u6ca1\u6709\u7528\u3002\u8fde\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u90fd\u4f1a\u6beb\u4e0d\u72b9\u8c6b\u5730\u4f18\u5316\u6389\u3002</p> <p>\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u5f00\u59cb\u5947\u602a\u4e86\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u7f3a\u5931\u7684\u89e3\u5f15\u7528\u5e76\u975e\u7c97\u5fc3\u5927\u610f\uff0c\u5b83\u8c61\u5f81\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u73a9\u8f6c\u6307\u9488\u7684\u81ea\u4fe1\u4e0e\u60ec\u610f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u634d\u536b\u6307\u9488\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u51b3\u5fc3\u3002\u9274\u4e8e C \u6807\u51c6\u5141\u8bb8\u901a\u8fc7\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5bf9\u6b64\u4e5f\u6ca1\u4ec0\u4e48\u610f\u89c1\u3002</p> <p>\u7b2c\u4e94\u4e2a\u6362\u4e86\u79cd\u6298\u78e8\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u806a\u660e\u5982\u4f60\u65e9\u5df2\u6599\u5230\u6700\u540e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u5f15\u8a00\u5b9a\u771f\uff0c\u9274\u5b9a\u4e3a\u9690\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362\u60ef\u7684\u3002\u56de\u5fc6\u4e00\u4e0b\u51fd\u6570\u5230\u6307\u9488\u7684\u9690\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c<code>*function</code> \u7b49\u6548\u4e8e <code>*&amp;function</code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0b\u770b\u61c2\u4e86\u3002</p> <p>\u73b0\u5728\u7b2c\u516d\u4e2a\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u4e5f\u80fd\u7406\u89e3\u4e86\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5bf9 <code>function</code> \u89e3\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u8feb\u4f7f\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5c06\u5b83\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u4f60\u5bf9\u4ee3\u7801\u98ce\u683c\u7684\u5947\u602a\u7656\u597d\u3002</p> <p>\u8fd8\u662f\u770b\u770b\u8fdc\u5904\u7684 <code>func_ptr</code> \u5427\u5bb6\u4eba\u4eec\u3002</p> <pre><code>(*func_ptr)(20);\nfunc_ptr(20);\n(****func_ptr)(20);\n(&amp;func_ptr)(20);\n</code></pre> <p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u61c2\u7684\u6307\u9488\u89e3\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u3002</p> <p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\uff0c\u4eba\u755c\u65e0\u5bb3\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u3002</p> <p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u5230\u6307\u9488\u7684\u9690\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u6574\u6574\u4e09\u56de\u554a\u4e09\u56de\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u7b2c\u516d\u4e2a\u3002</p> <p>\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u8ddf\u4f60\u7206\u4e86\u3002\u600e\u4e48\u4f1a\u662f\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u59a8\u62c6\u5f00\u770b\u770b\uff1a</p> <pre><code>int (*func_ptr)(int) = &amp;function;    // \u8fd9\u662f\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\nint (**second_ptr)(int) = &amp;func_ptr; // \u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u505a\u7684\nsecond_ptr(20);                      // \u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8fd9\u6837\n</code></pre> <p>\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c<code>second_ptr</code> \u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u4e2a\u4e8c\u7ea7\u6307\u9488\u4e86\u3002\u51fd\u6570\u5230\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\uff08\u5b83\u662f\u4e2a\u4e00\u7ea7\u6307\u9488\uff09\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5730\u5740\u503c\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u6240\u5728\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u4e8c\u7ea7\u6307\u9488\u7684\u503c\u4e0d\u662f <code>function</code> \u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u800c\u662f <code>func_ptr</code> \u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002\u8fd9\u8fd8\u5f97\u4e86\uff0c\u9a97\u81ea\u5df1\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u9a97\u5144\u5f1f\u4e5f\u5c31\u7b97\u4e86\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u53ef\u4e0d\u5403\u4f60\u8fd9\u5957\u3002</p> <p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u770b\u70b9\u4e0d\u592a\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff1a</p> <pre><code>int func_two(int a, int f(int arg))\n{\nreturn 3 * f(a);\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u8fd9\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u4e00\u4e0b\uff1a</p> <pre><code>// function \u5982\u4e0a\u6587\u5b9a\u4e49\nint function(int arg);\n\nint a = 1;\nint b = func_two(a, function);\n</code></pre> <p>\u76f8\u4fe1\u806a\u660e\u7684\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u731c\u5230\u4e86\uff0c<code>b</code> \u7684\u503c\u5c31\u662f 6\u3002\u6865\u8c46\u9ebb\u888b\uff0c\u597d\u50cf\u6709\u54ea\u91cc\u4e0d\u592a\u5bf9\u52b2\u3002<code>func_two</code> \u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u5206\u522b\u662f <code>int</code> \u548c <code>int (int)</code>\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\u5374\u4f20\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\uff08\u8fd8\u8bb0\u5f97\u9690\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362\u5417\uff1f\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u4ea7\u751f\u4efb\u4f55\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u53c8\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1f</p> <p>\u53c8\u662f\u9690\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362\uff1fBingo\uff01\u4e0d\u8fc7\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u53d1\u751f\u9690\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<code>func_two</code> \u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5f62\u53c2\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f <code>int (*)(int)</code> \uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5b57\u9762\u4e0a\u7684 <code>int (int)</code>\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u548c <code>void f(int a[])</code> \u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f <code>void f(int *a)</code> \u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u8282\u7ea6\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8003\u8651\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u773c\u4e2d\u7684 <code>func_two</code> \u662f <code>int func_two(int a, int (*f)(int)</code>\u3002\u641e\u6e05\u695a\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u90e8\u5206\u4e5f\u5c31\u987a\u7406\u6210\u7ae0\u4e86\u3002</p> <p>\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7ec3\u4e60\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u5df2\u7ecf\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u4ece\u51fd\u6570\u5230\u6307\u9488\u7684\u9690\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362\u89c4\u5b9a\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u4e0a\u8ff0\u60c5\u666f\u5e76\u975e\u96be\u4e8b\u3002\u5bf9\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u7684\u754f\u60e7\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u719f\u6089\u8f6c\u6362\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u6216\u53d7\u590d\u6742\u7684\u58f0\u660e\u8bed\u6cd5\u5e72\u6270\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u8bc6\u522b\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u719f\u7ec3\u5ea6\uff0c\u8db3\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4f60\u81ea\u4fe1\u8fd0\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#_4","title":"\u51fd\u6570\u5230\u6307\u9488\u8f6c\u6362","text":"<p>\u4efb\u4f55\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u4ee3\u5668\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u5728\u7528\u4e8e\u5f02\u4e8e\u4e0b\u5217\u8bed\u5883\u65f6</p> <ul> <li>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53d6\u5740\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570</li> <li>\u4f5c\u4e3a <code>sizeof</code> \u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570</li> </ul> <p>\u4f1a\u7ecf\u5386\u5230\u6307\u5411\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6240\u6307\u4ee3\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6307\u9488\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#_5","title":"\u56fe\u5f62\u5e93","text":"<p>\u7b80\u8981\u6574\u7406\u4e00\u4e0b <code>libgraphics</code> \u7528\u6cd5\uff1a</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#_6","title":"\u5fc5\u5907\u51fd\u6570","text":"<p>\u56fe\u5f62\u4e0e\u6587\u5b57</p> <p>\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u4e00\u70b9\u662f\uff1a<code>libgraphics</code> \u7684\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0e <code>ACLLib</code> \u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u524d\u8005\u4ee5\u5de6\u4e0b\u89d2\u4e3a\u539f\u70b9\uff0c\u7b26\u5408\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u8868\u8fbe\uff1b\u540e\u8005\u4ee5\u5de6\u4e0a\u89d2\u4e3a\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7a97\u53e3\u5750\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002</p> <p></p> <ul> <li><code>void InitGraphics(void)</code>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u56fe\u5f62\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u524d\u8c03\u7528</li> <li><code>void MovePen(double x, double y)</code>\uff1a\u5c06\u7b14\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u67d0\u70b9\uff08\u6ce8\u610f\u4e0d\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u79fb\u52a8\uff09</li> <li><code>void DrawLine(double dx, double dy)</code>\uff1a\u4ece\u5f53\u524d\u70b9 \\((x,y)\\) \u753b\u5230 \\((x+dx, y+dy)\\) \u7684\u7ebf\uff0c\u753b\u7b14\u968f\u4e4b\u79fb\u52a8</li> <li><code>void DrawArc(double r, double start, double sweep)</code>\uff1a\u4ee5\u5f53\u524d\u70b9\u4e3a\u5706\u5fc3\uff0c\u4ece \\(\\phi=start\\) \u89d2\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u753b\u534a\u5f84\u4e3a \\(r\\)\uff0c\u5706\u5fc3\u89d2\u4e3a \\(\\Delta\\phi=sweep\\) \u7684\u5706\u5f27\u3002</li> <li><code>double GetWindowWidth(void)</code>\uff1a\u83b7\u53d6\u7a97\u53e3\u5bbd\u5ea6</li> <li><code>double GetWindowHeight(void)</code></li> <li><code>double GetCurrentX(void)</code>\uff1a\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u753b\u7b14\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e</li> <li><code>double GetCurrentY(void)</code></li> <li><code>void DrawTextString(string text)</code>\uff1a\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6253\u5370\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32</li> <li><code>double TextStringWidth(string text)</code>\uff1a\u83b7\u53d6\u8be5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6253\u5370\u65f6\u7684\u5bbd\u5ea6</li> </ul> <p>\u5173\u4e8e <code>SetEraseMode()</code> \u548c <code>GetEraseMode()</code> \u6211\u76f4\u63a5\u628a\u6ce8\u91ca\u8d34\u5728\u8fd9\u4e86\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8bfb\u5427\uff1a</p> <pre><code>/*\n * Function: SetEraseMode\n * Usage: SetEraseMode(TRUE);\n *        SetEraseMode(FALSE);\n * ---------------------------\n * The SetEraseMode function sets the value of the internal\n * erasing flag.  Setting this flag is similar to setting the\n * color to \"White\" in its effect but does not affect the\n * current color setting.  When erase mode is set to FALSE,\n * normal drawing is restored, using the current color.\n */\n\nvoid SetEraseMode(bool mode);\n\n/*\n * Function: GetEraseMode\n * Usage: mode = GetEraseMode();\n * -----------------------------\n * This function returns the current state of the erase mode flag.\n */\n\nbool GetEraseMode(void);\n</code></pre> <p>\u8fd8\u662f\u9644\u4e2a\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5427\uff1aSetEraseMode \u51fd\u6570\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5185\u90e8\u64e6\u9664\u6807\u5fd7\u7684\u503c\u3002\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u7684\u6548\u679c\u5c31\u50cf\u628a\u989c\u8272\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u201c\u767d\u8272\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u989c\u8272\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u5f53\u64e6\u9664\u6a21\u5f0f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3aFALSE\u65f6\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u5230\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u7ed8\u753b\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u989c\u8272\u3002</p> <p>\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u4ea4\u4e92\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u5728 <code>simpio.h</code> \u4e2d</p> <ul> <li> <p><code>void InitConsole(void)</code>\uff1a\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\uff0c\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 <code>stdio.h</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u51fd\u6570\u524d\u8bb0\u5f97\u5199\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p><code>int GetInteger(void)</code>\uff1a\u4ece\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u4e2d\u8bfb\u5165\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9047\u5230\u610f\u5916\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4f1a\u8981\u6c42\u7528\u6237\u91cd\u65b0\u8f93\u5165\u3002\u6e90\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a</p> <pre><code>int GetInteger(void)\n{\nstring line;\nint value;\nchar termch;\n\nwhile (TRUE) {\nline = GetLine();\nif (line == NULL) Error(\"GetInteger: unexpected end of file\");\nswitch (sscanf(line, \" %d %c\", &amp;value, &amp;termch)) {\ncase 1:\nFreeBlock(line);\nreturn (value);\ncase 2:\nprintf(\"Unexpected character: '%c'\\n\", termch);\nbreak;\ndefault:\nprintf(\"Please enter an integer\\n\");\nbreak;\n}\nFreeBlock(line);\nprintf(\"Retry: \");\n}\n}\n</code></pre> </li> <li> <p><code>double GetReal(void)</code>\uff1a\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u6570\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u540c\u4e0a\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p><code>string GetLine(void)</code></p> </li> <li> <p><code>string ReadLine(FILE *infile)</code>\uff1a\u4ece\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bfb\u5165\u4e00\u884c\u3002</p> </li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#_7","title":"\u5b9a\u65f6\u542f\u52a8\u2014\u2014\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u56de\u8c03","text":"<p>Author: Anston Sun</p> <p>\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u7528\u4e8e\u5ef6\u65f6\u6216\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\u540c\u7c7b\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u949f\u8868\u7b49\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u8ba1\u65f6\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e8e\u65e5\u7a0b\u5b89\u6392\u3002\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a\u6bcf\u7ecf\u8fc7\u9884\u5148\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u957f\uff0c\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u4fbf\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u67d0\u79cd\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u3002</p> <p><code>libgraphics</code> \u5e93\u901a\u8fc7\u4e8b\u4ef6\u56de\u8c03\u673a\u5236\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b9a\u65f6\u89e6\u53d1\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u56de\u8c03\u673a\u5236\u6b64\u5904\u4e0d\u518d\u8d58\u8ff0\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#_8","title":"\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668","text":"<p>\u4e0e\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>void startTimer(int timerID, int interval)</code></li> <li><code>void cancelTimer(int timerID)</code></li> </ul> <p>\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5206\u522b\u7528\u4e8e\u542f\u52a8\u4e0e\u7ec8\u6b62\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u3002<code>interval</code> \u662f\u9884\u5148\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u957f\uff0c\u5373\u6bcf\u4e24\u6b21\u89e6\u53d1\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u3002<code>timerID</code> \u4e3a\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\uff0c\u53ef\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u7684\u4e13\u7528\u540d\u79f0\u3002</p> <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b8c\u6210\u591a\u9879\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u9700\u8981\u5206\u522b\u542f\u52a8\u591a\u4e2a\u95f4\u9694\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u5747\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1 <code>TimerEvent</code>\uff0c\u5728\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 <code>timerID</code> \u533a\u5206\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#_9","title":"\u56de\u8c03\u6ce8\u518c\u51fd\u6570","text":"<ul> <li><code>void registerTimerEvent(TimerEventCallback)</code>\uff1a\u6ce8\u518c\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002 <code>TimerEventCallback</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u89c1\u4e0b\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#_10","title":"\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570","text":"<ul> <li><code>typedef void (*TimerEventCallback)(int timerID)</code></li> </ul> <p><code>TimerEventCallback</code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u8be5\u7c7b\u578b\u53d8\u91cf\u6307\u5411\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u5047\u8bbe\u540d\u79f0\u4e3a <code>func</code>\uff09\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a <code>void func(int timerID)</code>\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u56de\u8c03\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u6bcf\u5f53\u4efb\u4e00\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u5230\u8fbe\u8bbe\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u65f6\uff0c\u5747\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u7c7b\u578b\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u8c03\u7528 <code>func</code> \u51fd\u6570\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f20\u5165\u7684 <code>timerID</code>\uff0c\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u53ef\u4ee5\u533a\u5206\u4e0d\u540c\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u7684\u89e6\u53d1\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u7279\u5b9a\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#_11","title":"\u8865\u5145\u601d\u8003","text":"<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5747\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e8e\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5ef6\u65f6\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u9884\u5148\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u957f\u540e\u6267\u884c\u7279\u5b9a\u6b21\u6570\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u7ed3\u5408 <code>cancelTimer</code> \u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u60f3\u60f3\u600e\u6837\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u76ee\u6807\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#_12","title":"\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570","text":"<pre><code>typedef void (*KeyboardEventCallback) (int key,int event);\ntypedef void (*CharEventCallback) (char c);\ntypedef void (*MouseEventCallback) (int x, int y, int button, int event);\ntypedef void (*TimerEventCallback) (int timerID);\n\nvoid registerKeyboardEvent(KeyboardEventCallback callback);\nvoid registerCharEvent(CharEventCallback callback);\nvoid registerMouseEvent(MouseEventCallback callback);\nvoid registerTimerEvent(TimerEventCallback callback);\nvoid startTimer(int id,int timeinterval);\n</code></pre> <p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u5728 <code>graphics</code> \u5e93\u4e2d\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f5c\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\uff0c\u8bfe\u4e0a\u90fd\u8bb2\u8fc7\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u600e\u4e48\u7528\u3002</p> <ul> <li> <p>\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\uff1a\u4ee5 20 \u5e74\u7a0b\u5e8f\u586b\u7a7a\u7b2c 3 \u9898\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff1a</p> <pre><code>void Main()\n{\nInitGraphics();\nregisterTimerEvent(TimerEventProcess);\n//...\nstartTimer(TIMER_CURSOR, 500);/*start 500ms cursor blinking timer*/\n}\nvoid TimerEventProcess(int timerID)\n{\nbool erasemode;\nif(TIMER_CURSOR == timerID)\n{\n//...\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u4ece\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4f8b\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u5230\u51e0\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u70b9\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>void registerTimerEvent(TimerEventCallback callback)</code> \u6ce8\u518c\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570 <code>callback</code> \u540e\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u7528 <code>void startTimer(int id,int timeinterval)</code> \u8bbe\u5b9a\u5e76\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\uff0c\u8bbe\u5b9a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u7684 <code>id</code> \u548c <code>timeinterval</code>\u3002</li> <li>\u6bcf\u5f53\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u5230\u8fbe\u6307\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u540e\uff0c\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u5c31\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528\u6240\u6709\u7684\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u63a5\u6536\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u7684 <code>id</code> \u5e76\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u52a8\u4f5c\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f <code>TimerEventProcess</code> \u51fd\u6570\u4e2d <code>if</code> \u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#_13","title":"\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5","text":"<ul> <li>\u4e3b\u51fd\u6570\u662f <code>void Main()</code> \u522b\u5199\u9519\u4e86</li> <li>\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4f8b\u7a0b\uff1a</li> </ul> <pre><code>#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;\n#include \"graphics.h\"\n\nvoid Main(void)\n{\nInitGraphics();\nMovePen(1.5, 1.0);\nDrawArc(0.5, 0, 360);\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#new","title":"<code>New()</code> \u51fd\u6570","text":"<p>\u5411\u4e0b\u7ffb\uff0c\u627e\u5230 2019 \u5e74\u7a0b\u5e8f\u586b\u7a7a\u7b2c 3 \u9898\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#_14","title":"\u7b97\u6cd5\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790","text":"<ul> <li> <p>\u8bb0\u4f4f\uff1a\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e0e\u4e24\u9879\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u6709\u5173\uff1a\u6bd4\u8f83\u548c\u4ea4\u6362\u3002</p> <ul> <li> <p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u60f3\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\uff0c\u5728\u6240\u6709\u6d89\u53ca\u6bd4\u8f83\u548c\u4ea4\u6362\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u8ba9\u5b83 <code>++</code>\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u5b8c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u5176\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a</p> <pre><code>int count = 0;\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; n; ++i) {\nfor (int j = 0; j &lt; n; ++j) {\nfor (int k = 0; k &lt; m; ++k) {\ncount++;\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u8fd0\u884c\u5b8c\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c<code>count = n*n*m</code>\uff0c\u5219\u5176\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n^2m)\\)\u3002</p> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u8bb0\u4f4f\u5e76\u7406\u89e3\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3001\u6700\u4f18\u3001\u6700\u5dee\u60c5\u51b5\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a</p> <p>\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u5e38\u7528\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u603b\u7ed3\u5bf9\u6bd4 | \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7b97\u6cd5 \u7cfb\u5217\u6559\u7a0b\uff08\u7b14\u8bb0\uff09 (zq99299.github.io)</p> </li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#_15","title":"\u540e\u7f00\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f","text":"<p>\u8fd9\u4e1c\u897f\u524d\u4e24\u4e09\u5e74\u90fd\u8003\u4e86\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6811\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u5185\u5bb9\u8bf7\u53c2\u89c1\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6c42\u503c - OI Wiki (oi-wiki.org)</li> <li>\u6811\u57fa\u7840 - OI Wiki (oi-wiki.org)</li> </ul> <p>\u5728\u524d\u7f00\u3001\u4e2d\u7f00\u3001\u540e\u7f00\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u6700\u597d\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5c06\u5176\u60f3\u8c61\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6811\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\u3002</p> <p></p> <ul> <li>\u4e2d\u7f00\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a\u5bf9\u8fd9\u68f5\u6811\u8fdb\u884c\u4e2d\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u5373\u5de6\u3001\u6839\u3001\u53f3<ul> <li>a+b*(c-d)-(e/f)</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u524d\u7f00\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a\u5bf9\u8fd9\u68f5\u6811\u8fdb\u884c\u5148\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u5373\u6839\u3001\u5de6\u3001\u53f3<ul> <li>-+a*b-cd/ef</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u540e\u7f00\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a\u5bf9\u8fd9\u68f5\u6811\u8fdb\u884c\u540e\u5e8f\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u5373\u5de6\u3001\u53f3\u3001\u6839\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u5de6\u53f3\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u6bd4\u6839\u5148\u904d\u5386\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u8def\u5f80\u4e0b\u627e\u5230\u6700\u6df1\u7684\u5b50\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5411\u4e0a\u89e3\u6790\u3002<ul> <li>abcd-*+ef/-</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\u540e\u7f00\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5177\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u8ba1\u7b97\u540e\u7f00\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u6808\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff0c\u5c31\u53d6\u51fa\u4e24\u4e2a\u6808\u9876\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd0\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c\u91cd\u65b0\u538b\u5165\u6808\u4e2d\u3002</li> <li>\u540e\u7f00\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e0e\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6811\u4e00\u4e00\u5bf9\u5e94\u3002\u540e\u7f00\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u62ec\u53f7\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#2020-2021","title":"2020-2021 \u5e74\u5377","text":"<ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 1 <code>typedef</code></li> </ul> <p>\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 <code>typedef struct{char * name;} *T;</code> \u628a <code>T</code> \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a <code>struct{char * name;}*;</code> \u7684\u522b\u540d\u3002\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bed\u53e5\u5373\u58f0\u660e\u53d8\u91cf <code>t</code> \u4e3a\u8be5\u7c7b\u578b\u3002</p> <ul> <li>A\uff1a<code>char *</code></li> <li>B\uff1a\u8be5\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5b9e\u9645\u4e3a <code>&amp;(t-&gt;name[0])</code>\uff0c\u5373 <code>char *</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u3002</li> <li>C\uff1a<code>char *</code></li> <li>D\uff1a<code>*(t.name)</code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u5bf9\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u6307\u9488\u4f7f\u7528 <code>.</code> \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u8bbf\u95ee\u5176\u6210\u5458\u3002</li> </ul> <ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 3 \u6307\u9488\u7c7b\u578b</li> </ul> <p>\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u3001\u6570\u7ec4\u540d\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u6307\u9488\u54e6\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5b83\u4eec\u5e38\u5e38\u9000\u5316\u6210\u6307\u9488\u3002</p> <ul> <li>A\uff1a<code>p</code> \u662f\u51fd\u6570\u540d</li> <li>B\uff1a<code>p</code> \u662f\u51fd\u6570\u540d</li> <li>C\uff1a<code>p</code> \u662f\u6307\u5411 <code>int[5]</code> \u7684\u6307\u9488</li> <li>D\uff1a<code>p</code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4</li> </ul> <ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 4 \u5b58\u50a8\u7c7b\u522b\u9650\u5b9a\u7b26</li> </ul> <p>C \u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u4e00\u5171\u6709 5 \u4e2a\u5b58\u50a8\u7c7b\u522b\u9650\u5b9a\u7b26\uff0c\u8bf7\u56de\u5fc6\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>auto</code>\uff1a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u7c7b\u522b\u9650\u5b9a\u7b26\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u4e0e\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u3002</li> <li><code>register</code>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u50a8\u5728 CPU \u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u52a0\u5feb\u8bbf\u95ee\u901f\u5ea6\u3002</li> <li><code>extern</code>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002</li> <li> <p><code>static</code>\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u7528\u4e8e\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u4e0e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u76f8\u540c\u3002</li> <li>\u7528\u4e8e\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p><code>_Thread_local</code>\uff1a\u4e0d\u4f5c\u8981\u6c42\u3002</p> </li> </ul> <p>\u5176\u5b9e <code>typedef</code> \u6309\u8bed\u6cd5\u529f\u80fd\u4e5f\u88ab\u5206\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5b83\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u58f0\u660e\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\u6700\u591a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b58\u50a8\u7c7b\u522b\u9650\u5b9a\u7b26\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0e <code>const</code>\u3001<code>volatile</code>\u3001<code>restrict</code> \u7b49\u7c7b\u578b\u9650\u5b9a\u7b26\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 5 \u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488</li> </ul> <p>\u89c1 2019 \u5e74\u9009\u62e9\u9898 6</p> <ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 8 \u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u4f7f\u7528</li> </ul> <p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u9898\u901a\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e00\u904d\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u5bf9\u6808\u3001\u961f\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c\u719f\u6089\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u8bd5\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 1.1 \u540e\u7f00\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f</li> </ul> <p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u548c\u53c2\u8003\u7b54\u6848\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6709\u5bf9\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u4e2d\u7f00\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u4e8c\u5143\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6362\u5e8f\u7684\uff08</p> <p>\u6ce8\u610f\u8fd9\u9053\u9898\u4e2d\u7684 <code>^</code> \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u7684\u53f3\u7ed3\u5408\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u62ec\u53f7\u540e\u53d8\u6210 <code>d^(e^f)</code> \u800c\u4e0d\u662f <code>(d^e)^f</code>\uff0c\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u540e\u7f00\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u53ea\u80fd\u662f <code>def^^</code>\uff0c\u800c <code>fed^^</code> \u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u5168\u662f\u9519\u7684\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 5 \u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\u6700\u4f18\u60c5\u51b5</li> </ul> <p>\u89c1\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898-\u7b97\u6cd5\u590d\u6742\u5ea6</p> <p>\u5f15\u7528\u4e00\u4e0b ztgg \u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u5e73\u5747\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u4f9d\u65e7\u662f \\(O(n)\\) \u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u603b\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u8fd8\u662f \\(O(n^2)\\)\u3002\uff08\u6279\u6ce8\uff1a\u4ea4\u6362\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n^2)\\)\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n\\log n)\\)\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u5360\u636e\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\uff09\u3002</li> <li>\u6700\u4f73\u60c5\u51b5\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u63d2\u5165\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u79fb\u52a8\u539f\u6765\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6570\u7ec4\u5df2\u7ecf\u6392\u597d\u5e8f\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u63d2\u5165\u53ea\u6709\u4e8c\u5206\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\uff0c\u5373\u4e3a \\(O(n\\log n)\\)\u3002</li> </ul> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 6 \u961f\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c</li> </ul> <p>\u5982\u679c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a <code>while</code> \u5faa\u73af\u8bfb\u4e0d\u61c2\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u627e\u540c\u5b66/\u8001\u5e08\u95ee\u6e05\u695a\u634f\uff0c\u961f\u5217\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u662f\u5f88\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u3002\u8bf7\u601d\u8003\u8fd9\u4e2a <code>while</code> \u5faa\u73af\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u9010\u4e2a <code>malloc()</code> \u5462\uff1f</p> <p>\u4e2d\u95f4\u90a3\u4e2a <code>while</code> \u5faa\u73af\u6709\u70b9\u8ff7\u60d1\u3002\u5b83\u5176\u5b9e\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u5c06 <code>eQueue</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u653e\u5230 <code>dQueue</code> \u65f6\u540c\u65f6\u628a\u540e\u9762\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u6362\u5230\u961f\u5c3e\u53bb\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u80fd\u505a\u5bf9\u5566\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u586b\u7a7a 3</li> </ul> <p>\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u7a7a\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u82b1\u4e00\u4f1a\u513f\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u63a8\u65ad\u7684\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>InitGraphics()</code> \u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u8bb0\u5f97</li> <li>\u8bb0\u4f4f\u51e0\u79cd\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c<code>void registerTimerEvent(TimerEventCallback callback)</code> \u4e0e <code>void startTimer(int id,int timeinterval)</code> \u914d\u5bf9\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u610f\u4e49\u3002</li> <li>\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u600e\u4e48\u5199\uff1f\u53c2\u6570 <code>timerID</code> \u662f\u7528\u6765\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7684\uff1f</li> <li>\u7b2c 14 \u7a7a\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u60f3\u5230\uff0c\u53cd\u6b63\u8bb0\u4f4f\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u753b\u70b9\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e1c\u897f\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u90fd\u8981\u68c0\u67e5\u753b\u7b14\u4f4d\u7f6e\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u7ed8\u5236\u5206\u5f62\u56fe\u5f62\u65f6\u4e5f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002</li> </ul> <ul> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1 1 \u94fe\u8868\u5faa\u73af\u68c0\u6d4b</li> </ul> <p>\u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e2a\u89e3\u8c1c\u573a\u666f\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u548c\u4f60\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u8d70\u5728\u4e00\u6761\u8def\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u8981\u600e\u4e48\u505a\u624d\u80fd\u5224\u65ad\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u9047\u5230\u9b3c\u6253\u5899\uff08\u5373\u5728\u539f\u8def\u7ed5\u5708\uff09 \uff1f</p> <p>\u7b54\u6848\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u8d70\u5feb\u70b9\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u8d70\u6162\u70b9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u6761\u8def\u6709\u5c3d\u5934\uff0c\u5148\u8d70\u7684\u4eba\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u5148\u5230\u8fbe\u5c3d\u5934\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5230\u8fbe\u5c3d\u5934\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ed6\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u91cd\u65b0\u770b\u89c1\u4f60\u3002</p> <p><code>LoopDetect()</code> \u51fd\u6570\u7684\u601d\u8def\u4e5f\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u9488 <code>fast</code> \u548c <code>late</code>\uff0c<code>fast</code> \u6bcf\u6b21\u6b65\u8fdb\u4e24\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff0c<code>late</code> \u6bcf\u6b21\u6b65\u8fdb\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u6700\u540e\u7ec8\u6b62\u65f6\u53ea\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a<code>fast</code> \u65e0\u6cd5\u7ee7\u7eed\u6b65\u8fdb\u6216 <code>fast</code> \u5728\u524d\u8fdb\u7684\u8def\u4e0a\u770b\u89c1 <code>late</code>\u3002\u524d\u8005\u8868\u660e\u6ca1\u6709\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u8868\u660e\u6709\u5faa\u73af\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1 2 \u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4\u539f\u5730\u53bb\u91cd</li> </ul> <p>\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u9053\u9898\u4f60\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u60f3\u8d77\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u53bb\u7a7a\u683c\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u7a0b\uff1f</p> <pre><code>char *a;\nfor(int i = 0, j = 0; i &lt; length; i++){\nif(a[i] != ' ')\na[j++] = a[i];\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u6709\u5e8f\u6570\u7ec4\u53bb\u91cd\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e5f\u6709\u4e9b\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u6761\u4ef6\u6362\u6210 <code>a[i]!=a[j]</code> \u4e86\u800c\u5df2\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#2019-2020","title":"2019-2020 \u5e74\u5377","text":"<ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 1 \u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570</li> </ul> <ul> <li>D \u9879 \u8c03\u7528\u6808\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5806\u6808\u6bb5\uff08Stack Segment\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u8d8a\u754c\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u8d8a\u754c\u9020\u6210\u6bb5\u9519\u8bef\uff08Segmentation Fault\uff09\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\u6dfb\u52a0\u6808\u5e27\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u7684\u8d8a\u754c\u79f0\u4e3a\u6808\u6ea2\u51fa\uff08Stack Overflow\uff09\u3002\u5806\u6808\u6bb5\u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b58\u7740\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u8fc7\u5927\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u6808\u6ea2\u51fa\u3002</li> </ul> <ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 2 \u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790</li> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 6 \u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488</li> </ul> <p>\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u603b\u7ed3\uff1a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u51fd\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f62\u53c2\uff0c\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u9000\u5316\u6210\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u6570\u7ec4\u540d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f62\u53c2\u81ea\u52a8\u9000\u5316\u6210\u6307\u9488\u90a3\u6837\u3002\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u90e8\u5206\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u3002</p> <p>The type of a function is determined using the following rules. [...] After determining the type of each parameter, any parameter of type \u201carray of T\u201d or of function type T is adjusted to be \u201cpointer to T\u201d. [...]</p> <ul> <li>\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\uff1a\u6307\u5411\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6307\u9488\u4e2d\u50a8\u5b58\u7740\u51fd\u6570\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u5904\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u8981\u6307\u660e\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u8981\u6307\u660e\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u5f62\u53c2\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u628a\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u66ff\u6362\u6210 <code>(*pf)</code> \u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982 <code>void ToUpper(char *)</code> \u6539\u4e3a\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488 <code>void (*pf)(char *)</code>\u3002</li> <li> <p>\u58f0\u660e\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5730\u5740\u8d4b\u7ed9\u5b83\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bed\u5883\u4e0b\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\uff1a<code>pf = ToUpper</code>\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u4e0d\u662f <code>pf = ToUpper()</code>\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<code>(*pf)(mis)</code> \u548c <code>pf(mis)</code>\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u77db\u76fe\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0cK&amp;R C \u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u63a8\u8350\u5927\u5bb6\u59cb\u7ec8\u5c06\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5148\u89e3\u5f15\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u518d\u8c03\u7528\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u601d\u8def\u5f88\u76f4\u63a5\u3002</li> <li>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u6765\u6e90\u662f\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8d4b\u503c\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8d4b\u503c\u8bed\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u6307\u9488\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e92\u6362\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u53d6\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5730\u5740\u4e5f\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<code>f</code> \u548c <code>&amp;f</code>\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>C \u9879 \u6216\u8bb8\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8bb2\u89e3\uff0c\u4f60\u80fd\u7406\u89e3 <code>(*cmd)</code> \u4e0e <code>cmd</code> \u7684\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e4b\u5904\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f StackOverflow \u4e2d\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\uff1ac++ - What does <code>void f(void())</code> mean? - Stack Overflow\u3002</p> </li> </ul> <p>As mentioned in dcl.fct of the working draft (emphasis mine):</p> <p>The type of a function is determined using the following rules. [...] After determining the type of each parameter, any parameter of type \u201carray of T\u201d or of function type T is adjusted to be \u201cpointer to T\u201d. [...]</p> <p>Because of that, the following function:</p> <pre><code>void f(void());\n</code></pre> <p>Has the same type of:</p> <pre><code>void f(void(*)());\n</code></pre> <p>Thus the definitions below are identical:</p> <pre><code>void f(void(g)());\nvoid f(void(*g)());\n</code></pre> <p>Correct me if I'm wrong, AFAIK function names are pointers just like array names so in the first example you are passing function object and compiler does implicit conversion, in the second example you are directly passing function pointer which is explicit conversion.</p> <ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 7 \u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488</li> </ul> <p>\u540c\u6837\u4f9d\u636e\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8bb2\u89e3\u80fd\u591f\u9009\u51fa\u6b63\u786e\u7b54\u6848</p> <ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 8 \u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570</li> </ul> <p>\u6211\u89c9\u5f97 D \u9879\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u5f88\u6df7\u4e71\u3002\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\u5982\u679c\u4e3a <code>void</code> \u5c31\u8868\u793a\u51fd\u6570\u4e0d\u63a5\u6536\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f <code>void</code> \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u9009\u9879\u4e2d\u8bf4\u7684\u4ec0\u4e48\u201c\u51fd\u6570\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a <code>void</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u201d\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 9 \u56fe\u5f62\u5e93</li> </ul> <p>\u8bf7 WK \u73ed\u540c\u5b66\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u53bb\u770b\u8f85\u5b66\u7fa4\u91cc\u5176\u4ed6\u8001\u5e08\u7684\u56fe\u5f62\u5e93\u8bfe\u4ef6</p> <ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 10 \u8fd8\u662f\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488</li> </ul> <ul> <li>\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\uff1a<code>F</code> \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a <code>int (int)</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002</li> <li>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u884c\uff1a\u58f0\u660e\u4e24\u4e2a\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a <code>F</code> \u7684\u51fd\u6570 <code>g</code> \u548c <code>h</code>\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f <code>int g(int a)</code> \u548c <code>int h(int a)</code>\u3002</li> <li>\u7b2c\u4e09\u884c\uff1a\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4 <code>p</code>\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u662f <code>int (*)(int)</code> \u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u4e0e <code>F</code> \u7b49\u4ef7\uff09\u3002\u5e76\u7528 <code>g</code> \u548c <code>h</code> \u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u3002<ul> <li>\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u5185\u5f80\u5916\u8bfb\u8fd9\u4e2a\u58f0\u660e\uff1a<code>p</code> \u662f\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u5411\u53f3 <code>[]</code> \u8868\u660e\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5411\u5de6 <code>*</code> \u8868\u793a\u5176\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u518d\u5411\u53f3 <code>(int)</code> \u8868\u793a\u5176\u6240\u6307\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u53d7 <code>int</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u518d\u5411\u5de6 <code>int</code> \u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u79cd\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de <code>int</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u3002</li> <li>\u7528 <code>g</code> \u548c <code>h</code> \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u65f6\uff0c<code>g</code> \u548c <code>h</code> \u88ab\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\uff08\u56de\u987e\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\uff09\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li> <p>\u7b2c\u56db\u884c\uff1a\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570 <code>q</code> \u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de <code>int</code>\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u79cd\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u662f <code>F*</code> \u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5373 <code>int (*)(int)</code>\u3002\u6545\u51fd\u6570 <code>q</code> \u7684\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a <code>int (**)(int)</code>\u3002</p> </li> <li> <p>A \u9879\uff1a\u6570\u7ec4\u540d\u5c31\u662f\u9996\u5143\u7d20\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u4e3a <code>int (**)(int)</code>\uff0c\u5339\u914d\u3002</p> </li> <li>C \u9879\uff1a\u663e\u7136\u7c7b\u578b\u5339\u914d\u3002</li> <li>D \u9879\uff1a\u5bf9\u51fd\u6570\u53d6\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5f97\u5230 <code>int (*)(int)</code>\uff0c\u4e0e <code>int (**)(int)</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u3002</li> </ul> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 1</li> </ul> <p>\u5982\u679c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ee3\u7801\u6709\u9519\uff0c\u5c31\u52c7\u6562\u5730\u5199\u201c\u8be5\u6bb5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd0\u884c\u5931\u8d25\u201d\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 3</li> </ul> <p>\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5408\u5e76\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u90e8\u5206\u53bb\u91cd\u4e86\u3002\u5982\u679c\u79bb\u5f00\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a <code>while</code> \u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53bb\u91cd\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 4</li> </ul> <p>\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u770b <code>main()</code> \u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u5916\u5c42\uff1a<code>((H)\u5185\u5c42\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f )(100);</code>\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u5c06\u5185\u5c42\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5f3a\u5236\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a <code>H</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5bf9\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u6267\u884c\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u3002</li> <li>\u5185\u5c42\uff1a<code>h(0)</code>\u3002\u8c03\u7528\u540e\u8fd4\u56de\u4e86 <code>h</code>\uff0c\u5373\u51fd\u6570\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u51fd\u6570\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a <code>void *</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u6240\u6307\u5411\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002</li> <li>\u5185\u5c42\u8c03\u7528\u540e\uff0c\u5916\u5c42\u5c31\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e <code>h(100)</code>\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a <code>h</code> \u672c\u6765\u5c31\u662f <code>H</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002</li> </ul> <ul> <li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u586b\u7a7a 3 <code>geblib.h</code></li> </ul> <p>WK \u73ed\u540c\u5b66\u5e94\u5f53\u8865\u5145\u9605\u8bfb <code>libgraphics</code> \u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5\u8bfb\u6e90\u7801\u5427\uff1a</p> <ul> <li> <p><code>New()</code> \u5b8f\u51fd\u6570\uff1a</p> <ul> <li> <p>Usage: <code>p = New(pointer-type);</code></p> </li> <li> <p>The New pseudofunction allocates enough space to hold an object of the type to which pointer-type points and returns a pointer to the newly allocated pointer. Note that \"New\" is different from the \"new\" operator used in C++; the former takes a pointer type and the latter takes the target type.</p> </li> <li> <p>\u6e90\u7801\uff1a</p> <pre><code>void *GetBlock(size_t nbytes);\n#define New(type) ((type) GetBlock(sizeof *((type) NULL)))\n</code></pre> </li> <li> <p>\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\u8c03\u7528 <code>New(char*)</code></p> <ul> <li>\u5b8f\u5c55\u5f00\u4e3a <code>((char*) GetBlock(sizeof *((char*) NULL)))</code></li> <li><code>GetBlock()</code> \u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u6536\u9700\u8981\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5206\u914d\u6210\u529f\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u5b8f\u5c55\u5f00\u540e\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u53c2\u6570\uff0c<code>NULL</code> \u88ab\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a <code>char*</code> \u968f\u540e\u89e3\u5f15\u7528\u4ecd\u4e3a <code>char</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002</li> <li>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8c03\u7528\u5c31\u8fd4\u56de\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a <code>char*</code> \u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <p><code>FreeBlock()</code> \u51fd\u6570\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u539f\u578b\uff1a<code>void FreeBlock(void *ptr)</code></li> <li>\u4e0e <code>free()</code> \u529f\u80fd\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4e0d\u52a0\u89e3\u91ca\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u7b2c 15 \u7a7a\u6709\u610f\u601d\uff0c<code>FreeBlock(PopStack(stack))</code> \u7684\u5d4c\u5957\u5199\u6cd5\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1 1 \u5206\u5f62</li> </ul> <p>\u8fd9\u7c7b\u7b97\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9898\u76ee\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u7b80\u6d01\u600e\u4e48\u6765\uff0c\u4ee5 OI \u7801\u98ce\u53bb\u5199\u662f\u6700\u5408\u9002\u7684\u3002\u4e0d\u8981\u8bd5\u56fe\u5f04\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u6d6a\u8d39\u65f6\u95f4\u3002</p> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u505a\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5199\u7684\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u597d\u7684\u53c2\u8003\uff08</p> <p>\u7406\u89e3\u9519\u9898\u610f\u4e86\uff0c\u539f\u6765 <code>order</code> \u4e0d\u662f\u65b9\u5411\u800c\u662f\u5206\u5f62\u6b21\u5e8f\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u57fa\u51c6\u60c5\u5f62\uff1a\u957f\u5ea6\u7f29\u5c0f\u5230\u67d0\u503c\u3002</li> <li> <p>\u9012\u5f52\u60c5\u5f62\uff1a\u753b\u4e00\u6839\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u4e24\u6b21\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u7ed8\u5236\u4e0b\u4e00\u652f\u7684 <code>length</code> \u548c <code>order</code>\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\u540e\uff0c\u90fd\u5e94\u5f53\u8fd4\u56de\u539f\u4f4d\u3002</p> <pre><code>#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;\n#include &lt;math.h&gt;\n#include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;\n#include \"graphics.h\"\n#define MIN_LEN .1\ndouble toRadius(double deg)\n{\nreturn deg * 3.1415926 / 180;\n}\nvoid DrawBranch(double len, double deg)\n{\nDrawLine(len * cos(toRadius(deg)), len * sin(toRadius(deg)));\nif (len * 0.75 &lt; MIN_LEN)\nreturn;\nDrawBranch(len * 0.75, deg - 15);\nMovePen(GetCurrentX() - len * 0.75 * cos(toRadius(deg - 15)),\nGetCurrentY() - len * 0.75 * sin(toRadius(deg - 15)));\n//\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 DrawLine \u5b9e\u73b0\nDrawBranch(len * 0.75, deg + 15);\nMovePen(GetCurrentX() - len * 0.75 * cos(toRadius(deg + 15)),\nGetCurrentY() - len * 0.75 * sin(toRadius(deg + 15)));\n}\nint main(void)\n{\ndouble length;\nchar order;\nprintf(\"Please enter initial length: \");\nscanf(\"%lf\", &amp;length);\ngetchar();\nprintf(\"Please enter order (u)pper, (d)own, (r)ight, (l)eft: \");\nscanf(\"%c\", &amp;order);\ndouble deg;\nswitch(order)\n{\ncase 'u': deg = 90; break;\ncase 'd': deg = -90; break;\ncase 'r': deg = 0; break;\ncase 'l': deg = 180; break;\ndefault: printf(\"error.\\n\"); return 1;\n}\nInitGraphics();\nMovePen(GetWindowWidth()/2, GetWindowHeight()/2);\nDrawBranch(length, deg);\nreturn 0;\n}\n</code></pre> </li> </ul> <ul> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1 2 \u5217\u8868\u53d8\u5e8f</li> </ul> <p>\u5c31\u7528\u6807\u7b54\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c06\u5076\u6570\u8282\u70b9\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u518d\u5408\u5e76\u4e24\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#2018-2019","title":"2018-2019 \u5e74\u5377","text":"<ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 4 \u9012\u5f52\u8ba1\u7b97</li> </ul> <p>\u50cf\u8fd9\u79cd\u9012\u5f52\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u5c31\u8001\u8001\u5b9e\u5b9e\u628a\u51fd\u6570\u9012\u5f52\u5c55\u5f00\u5427\u3002\u5c55\u5f00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8bb0\u5f97\u4f9d\u6b21\u8bb0\u4e0b\u5df2\u7ecf\u8ba1\u7b97\u5b8c\u7684 <code>f(0)</code>\u3001<code>f(1)</code> \u7b49\u503c\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u540e\u7eed\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 6 \u7b97\u6cd5\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5206\u6790</li> </ul> <p>\u8fd9\u9053\u9898\u6211\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u633a\u5947\u8469\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u662f\u60f3\u53ea\u8981\u5168\u90e8\u6392\u5e8f\u4e00\u904d \\(O(N\\log N)\\)\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528 \\(O(1)\\) \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u4e0b\u5934\u3001\u4e2d\u95f4\u3001\u5c3e\u90e8\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u4e0d\u5c31\u597d\u4e86\u5417\uff08doge</p> <ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 9 \u9012\u589e\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26</li> </ul> <p>\u524d\u7f00\u9012\u589e\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u5148\u9012\u589e\u518d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 1.2</li> </ul> <p>\u672c\u9898\u82f1\u6587\u6709\u70b9\u70eb\u5634\uff0c\u6211\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e00\u4e0b\uff1a</p> <p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3c <code>T p</code> \u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u58f0\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u9488 <code>p</code>\uff0c\u8bf7\u5199\u51fa\u590d\u5408\u7c7b\u578b <code>T</code> \u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<code>p</code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u6536 <code>(char *, double)</code> \u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a <code>int *</code>\u3002</p> <p>\u8bfb\u61c2\u9898\u76ee\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u5c31\u4e0d\u7528\u8bf4\u5566\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 2 \u6570\u636e\u4e0e\u5b57\u8282</li> </ul> <p>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1axx-bit system\uff08n \u4f4d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09\u6307\u7684\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6307\u9488\u957f\u5ea6\u6709 \\(n\\) \u6bd4\u7279\uff0c\\(8\\) \u6bd4\u7279\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u3002\u6545\u672c\u9898\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6307\u9488\u90fd\u662f \\(4\\) \u5b57\u8282\u3002</p> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5404\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>StudentInfo</code>\uff1a\u4e24\u4e2a <code>char</code> \u6570\u7ec4 + \u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u9488 = \\(12 + 20 + 4 = 36\\)</li> <li><code>PtrStudentInfo</code>\uff1a\\(4\\)</li> <li><code>pStudent-&gt;name</code>\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a <code>char</code> \u6570\u7ec4 \\(=20\\)</li> <li><code>pStudent-&gt;photo</code>\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a <code>void*</code> \u6307\u9488 \\(=4\\)</li> </ul> <p>\u4ece\u4e0a\u9762\u518d\u6b21\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u540d\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u7b80\u5355\u88ab\u770b\u4f5c\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd8\u5305\u542b\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u4fe1\u606f\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 3 \u94fe\u8868\u64cd\u4f5c</li> </ul> <p>\u8fd9\u9053\u9898\u7b54\u6848\u611f\u89c9\u6709\u70b9\u95ee\u9898\u554a\u3002\u53cd\u6b63\u53ea\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u65f6\u5019 <code>p</code> \u6307\u5411 \\(2\\) \u8fd9\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u5c31\u7b97\u5bf9\u4e86\uff0c\u9898\u76ee\u8bf4 <code>node</code> \u90a3\u5e94\u8be5\u4e0d\u7528\u5427\u540e\u9762\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u5199\u51fa\u6765\u5427\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 4 \u94fe\u8868\u64cd\u4f5c</li> </ul> <p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5408\u5e76\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u6309\u5347\u5e8f\u5408\u5e76\u3002</p> <p><code>HEAD</code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e34\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u54d1\u8282\u70b9\u3002</p> <p>\u8c03\u7528\u540e\uff0c\u539f\u6765\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u6307\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c<code>l1</code> \u4ecd\u7136\u6307\u5411 \\(1\\) \u8fd9\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u4f46\u8282\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u53d8\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6 <code>l1</code> \u540e\u9762\u94fe\u4e0a\u4e86\u4ece <code>l2</code> \u5408\u5e76\u8fdb\u6765\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4f5c\u201c\u94fe\u8868\u201d <code>l1</code> \u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u6539\u53d8\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 5 \u53cc\u5411\u6808</li> </ul> <p>\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53cc\u5411\u7684\u6808\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u5165/\u51fa\u6808\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7528 <code>Tag</code> \u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u662f\u54ea\u4e00\u5934\u3002\u4ece\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c<code>Top1</code> \u662f\u5de6\u8fb9\uff08\u5934\u90e8\uff09\u90a3\u5934\uff0c<code>Top2</code> \u662f\u53f3\u8fb9\uff08\u5c3e\u90e8\uff09\u90a3\u5934\u3002</p> <p>\u8bfb\u8fd9\u79cd\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u63a8\u8350\u5148\u8bfb <code>main()</code> \u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5373\u89c2\u5bdf\u9898\u76ee\u7ed9\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u3002\u7136\u540e\u4e0d\u660e\u767d\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u518d\u53bb\u770b\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u5206\u5c31\u4e00\u70b9\u90fd\u4e0d\u7528\u770b\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8fd9\u9053\u9898\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u5148\u770b <code>main()</code> \u4e2d\u7684 <code>Push()</code> \uff0c\u8fd9\u600e\u4e48\u6bd4\u5e73\u5e38\u7684 <code>Push()</code> \u591a\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u5462\uff1f</li> <li>\u518d\u770b\u7c7b\u578b\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a <code>Top</code>\uff1f\u56de\u60f3 <code>main()</code> \u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee4\u4e3a <code>-1</code> \u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee4\u4e3a <code>MaxSize</code> \u4fbf\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53cc\u5411\u6808\u4e86\u3002</li> <li><code>Push()</code> \u548c <code>Pop()</code> \u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5c31\u4e0d\u7528\u770b\u4e86\uff0c\u60f3\u8c61\u5f97\u5230\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u3002\u6700\u591a\u518d\u591a\u770b\u4e00\u773c <code>if(Tag == 1)</code> \u77e5\u9053\u54ea\u4e2a\u503c\u5bf9\u5e94\u54ea\u4e00\u5934\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u9053\u9898\u4e86\u3002</li> </ul> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 6 \u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48</li> </ul> <p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4fdd\u9669\u8d77\u89c1\u63a8\u8350\u624b\u5de5\u6a21\u62df\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u624b\u5de5\u6a21\u62df\u51e0\u6b21\u540e\u4f60\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5728\u5e72\u561b\u4e86\u3002</p> <p>\u5176\u5b9e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\uff1a\u8c03\u7528\u540e\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u7ec4 <code>a[k]</code> \u5de6\u4fa7\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u6bd4 <code>a[k]</code> \u5c0f\uff0c\u53f3\u4fa7\u90fd\u6bd4 <code>a[k]</code> \u5927\u3002\u6700\u540e\u8fd4\u56de <code>a[k]</code> \u4e0a\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u987a\u5e8f\u3002</p> <p>\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u6bcf\u8f6e\u5faa\u73af\u628a\u7b2c <code>a[k]</code> \u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u63d0\u51fa\u6765\u4f5c\u4e3a <code>x</code>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528 <code>i</code> \u548c <code>j</code> \u5206\u522b\u4ece\u5de6\u53f3\u904d\u5386\u5e76\u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u4fa7\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u6570\u3002\u4ea4\u6362\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6bd4 <code>x</code> \u5c0f\u7684\u6570\u90fd\u5728\u76f8\u5bf9\u5de6\u8fb9\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u6bd4 <code>x</code> \u5927\u7684\u6570\u90fd\u5728\u76f8\u5bf9\u53f3\u8fb9\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5bf9\u5feb\u6392\u6bd4\u8f83\u719f\u6089\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u5982\u679c\u76ee\u6807\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u5728\u7684\u4e00\u8fb9\u76f4\u63a5\u820d\u5f03\u201d\u7684\u5feb\u6392\u3002\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u672c\u6765\u5feb\u6392\u533a\u95f4\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u9897\u6811\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u73b0\u5728\u5c31\u53ea\u8d70\u4e00\u6761\u8def\uff0c\u53ea\u6392 <code>a[k]</code> \u6240\u5728\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u533a\u95f4\u5957\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u586b\u7a7a 1 \u5206\u578b</li> </ul> <p>\u753b\u4e2a\u5750\u6807\u8f74\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u6e05\u6670\u8d77\u6765\u4e86\u3002\u7136\u540e <code>Main()</code> \u91cc\u6700\u5f00\u59cb\u5bf9\u5927\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\u4e09\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u7684\u6c42\u503c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u56f0\u60d1\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u7528\u7ba1\u5b83\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u4f60\u5206\u6790\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5b83\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u7528\u4e09\u89d2\u51fd\u6570\u8ba1\u7b97\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5927\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5728\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e2d\u592e\u7f62\u4e86\u3002\u7ed9\u4e2a\u5f88\u8349\u7684\u8349\u7a3f\u793a\u610f\u56fe\uff1a</p> <p>\u753b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5206\u5f62\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u5148\u753b\u5927\u4e09\u89d2\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5404\u8fb9\u53d6\u4e2d\u70b9\u3002\u5927\u4e09\u89d2\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9876\u70b9\u548c\u76f8\u90bb\u4e24\u8fb9\u4e2d\u70b9\u6784\u6210\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4e09\u89d2\u3002</p> <p></p> <ul> <li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u586b\u7a7a 2 \u5faa\u73af\u961f\u5217\u5b9e\u73b0</li> </ul> <p>\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u8fd8\u662f\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u5b9e\u73b0\u5faa\u73af\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u672c\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6bd4\u8f83\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u5c01\u88c5\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u8fd8\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5faa\u73af\u961f\u5217\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u53bb\u7f51\u4e0a\u641c\u4e00\u641c\u3002\u5faa\u73af\u961f\u5217\u7684\u8981\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u52a0\u6cd5\u64cd\u4f5c\u5168\u90e8\u8981\u5957\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b21\u53d6\u6a21\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u672c\u9898\u6ce8\u610f\u4e00\u4e0b\u95f4\u63a5\u6210\u5458\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26 <code>-&gt;</code> \u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</p> <p>\u6b64\u5916\u5faa\u73af\u961f\u5217\u7684 <code>rear</code> \u4e5f\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u672c\u9898\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u6807\u5fd7\u961f\u5217\u5c3e\u90e8\u7684\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5e94\u8be5\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff1b\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u76f4\u63a5\u6807\u5fd7\u961f\u5217\u5c3e\u90e8\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5982\u679c\u672c\u9898\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u65f6\u5019 <code>Q-&gt;rear = maxsize - 1</code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7a7a\u5e94\u8be5\u4f5c\u600e\u6837\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u5462\uff1f</p> <ul> <li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u586b\u7a7a 3 \u56fe\u5f62\u5e93</li> </ul> <p>\u53c2\u89c1\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898-\u56fe\u5f62\u5e93-\u8ba1\u65f6\u5668</p> <ul> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1 1 \u5bfb\u627e\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u5171\u8282\u70b9</li> </ul> <p>\u60f3\u8c61\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u60c5\u5883\uff1a\u8fd8\u662f\u60f3\u8c61\u4f60\u548c\u4f60\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u7ad9\u5728\u9898\u76ee\u6240\u793a\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u5904\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u76f8\u4ea4\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u5c3d\u5feb\u627e\u5230\u4f1a\u5408\u70b9\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u529e\u5462\uff1f\u800c\u4e14\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u7528\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5df1\u79bb\u7ec8\u70b9\u8fd8\u6709\u591a\u8fdc\u3002</p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u76f8\u4ea4\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u80af\u5b9a\u6709\u516c\u5171\u5b50\u94fe\u8868\u3002\u5269\u4e0b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u5c31\u662f\u4f60\u4eec\u5404\u81ea\u5b50\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u5e94\u5f53\u5148\u76f8\u5bf9\u7ec8\u70b9\u5bf9\u9f50\u5f7c\u6b64\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f7f\u81ea\u5df1\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u5b50\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u76f8\u7b49\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u4ee5\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u524d\u8fdb\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4eec\u5728\u67d0\u5904\u4f1a\u5408\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u516c\u5171\u5b50\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u5904\u3002</p> <p>\u53c2\u7b54\u4e2d\uff0c<code>lPtr</code> \u6307\u5411\u8f83\u957f\u7684\u94fe\u8868\uff0c<code>sPtr</code> \u6307\u5411\u8f83\u77ed\u7684\u94fe\u8868\uff0c<code>numLeftNodes</code> \u5c31\u662f\u4e24\u94fe\u8868\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u7684\u5dee\u503c\uff0c<code>lPtr=lPtr-&gt;next</code> \u7684 <code>for</code> \u5faa\u73af\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u5bf9\u9f50\u4e24\u4eba\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</p> <p>\u5faa\u73af\u7ec8\u6b62\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\uff1a\u5176\u4e2d\u67d0\u4eba\u8d70\u5230\u4e86\u5c3d\u5934 <code>NULL</code>\uff0c\u6216\u4e24\u4eba\u76f8\u9047 <code>lPtr==sPtr</code>\u3002\u8fd4\u56de\u6700\u7ec8\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b97\u6cd5\u8bbe\u8ba1 2 \u4e8c\u5206\u63d2\u5165\u6392\u5e8f</li> </ul> <p>\u8fd9\u9898\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f5c\u89e3\u6790\u3002\u53c2\u7b54\u4e2d\u6f0f\u4e86\u68c0\u67e5 <code>minPos == rh</code> \u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u60f3\u60f3\u8fd9\u6837\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u4ec0\u4e48\u540e\u679c\uff1f</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#2017-2018","title":"2017-2018 \u5e74\u5377","text":"<ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 1 \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0e\u6307\u9488\u64cd\u4f5c</li> </ul> <ul> <li>C \u9879\uff1a<code>strcpy()</code> \u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u4f9d\u636e\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u672b\u5c3e\u7684 <code>\\0</code> \u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u505c\u6b62\u590d\u5236\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u5b9c\u7528\u4e8e\u6b64\u60c5\u5883\u3002</li> <li>D \u9879\uff1a\u6bcf\u6b21 <code>*pc2++ = *pc1++</code>\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u5c06 <code>pc1</code> \u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230 <code>pc2</code> \u6307\u5411\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba9\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a <code>char</code> \u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u7531\u4e8e <code>p1</code> \u548c <code>p2</code> \u4e24\u4e2a\u7ed3\u6784\u53d8\u91cf\u5927\u5c0f\u90fd\u662f \\(8+8=16\\) \u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8be5\u9009\u9879\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u6267\u884c\u4e86\u62f7\u8d1d\u3002</li> </ul> <ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 7 \u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f</li> </ul> <p>\u8fd9\u9053\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u9009\u7684\u662f D \u9879\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4e2d\u7684\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\uff1a</p> <pre><code>void bubble_sort(int *arr, int len) {\nint i, j, tmp;\nfor (i = 0; i &lt; len - 1; i++) {\nfor (j = len - 1; j &gt; i; j--) {//Bubble\nif (arr[j] &lt; arr[j - 1]) {\ntmp = arr[j];\narr[j] = arr[j - 1];\narr[j - 1] = tmp;\n}\n}\n}\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u4e0a\u9762\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u90fd\u662f \\(O(n^2)\\)\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5192\u6ce1\u6392\u5e8f\u666e\u904d\u4f1a\u4f5c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4f18\u5316\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u5982\u679c\u5728\u4e0a\u4e00\u8f6e\u7684 Bubble \u4e2d\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u4efb\u4f55\u4ea4\u6362\uff0c\u5219\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e8f\u5217\u4e5f\u662f\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u540e\u7eed\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e86\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5916\u5faa\u73af\u5f00\u5934\u6dfb\u52a0 <code>bool flag = 0;</code>\uff0c\u7ed3\u5c3e\u6dfb\u52a0 <code>if(!flag)break;</code>\uff0c\u4ea4\u6362\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0 <code>flag=true</code> \u5373\u53ef\u5c06\u6700\u4f18\u60c5\u51b5\u4f18\u5316\u81f3 \\(O(n)\\)\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 9 \u5b58\u50a8\u7c7b\u522b\u9650\u5b9a\u7b26</li> </ul> <ul> <li>D \u9879\uff1a<code>static</code> \u6b64\u5904\u4fee\u9970\u7684\u662f\u6307\u9488 <code>p</code>\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411 <code>static int</code> \u8fd9\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\u3002<code>static</code> \u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b58\u50a8\u7c7b\u522b\u9650\u5b9a\u7b26\uff0c\u5728\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u58f0\u660e\u4e2d\u8868\u793a\u8be5\u53d8\u91cf\u5177\u6709\u9759\u6001\u5b58\u50a8\u671f\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u7ba1\u5b83\u6307\u5411\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u671f\u3002</li> </ul> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 1.(2) \u5199\u51fd\u6570\u58f0\u660e</li> </ul> <p>\u5148\u60f3\u60f3\u81ea\u5df1\u4f1a\u600e\u4e48\u8c03\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a <code>fun</code> \u51fd\u6570\u624d\u80fd\u5f97\u5230 <code>void</code> \u7c7b\u578b\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u83b7\u53d6\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff1a<code>fun(int)</code>\u3002</li> <li>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff0c\u89e3\u5f15\u7528\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<code>(*fun(int))(int)</code>\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u5e94\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528 <code>(*fp)()</code> \u5f62\u5f0f\u8c03\u7528\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u7b54\u6848\uff1a<code>void (*fun(int))(int)</code>\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 5 \u6700\u5927\u5b50\u5217\u548c</li> </ul> <p>\u5176\u5b9e\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u8fde\u7eed\u5b50\u5217\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u548c\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u8005\u3002\u5728\u7f51\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u641c\u5230\u5f88\u591a\u8be5\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u539f\u7406\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u8bf7\u53bb\u770b\u4e00\u770b\uff0c\u770b\u5b8c\u5c31\u80fd\u7acb\u523b\u660e\u767d\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e86\u3002</p> <p><code>thisp</code> \u88ab\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u6700\u5927\u5b50\u5217\u7684\u5f00\u5934\uff0c<code>maxp</code> \u88ab\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u6700\u5927\u5b50\u5217\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 6 \u4f8f\u5112\u6392\u5e8f</li> </ul> <p>\u57fa\u4e8e\u6bd4\u8f83\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5927\u6982\u90fd\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u5230\u6700\u4f18\u60c5\u51b5\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e3a \\(O(n)\\) \u5427\uff1f</p> <ul> <li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u586b\u7a7a 2 \u591a\u9879\u5f0f\u8ba1\u7b97</li> </ul> <p>\u8fd9\u9898\u86ee\u5751\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u770b\u4e86\u597d\u4e00\u4f1a\u513f\u624d\u660e\u767d\u7b2c (7)(8) \u7a7a\u5728\u5e72\u561b\u3002\u5b83\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u5148\u628a\u524d\u9762\u7684\u9ad8\u6b21\u9879\u63d0\u516c\u56e0\u5f0f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u9010\u6b65\u5411\u540e\u6c42\u548c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7ed9\u5b83\u6574\u4f53\u4e58\u4e0a \\(x\\)\u3002\u6bd4\u5982 \\(3x^4+2x^2+1\\) \u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u8ba1\u7b97\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\\((((3x)x^2)+2x)x + 1\\)</li> </ul> <p>\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e58\u79ef\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u3002</p> <p>\u540c\u6837\u6ce8\u610f <code>-&gt;</code> \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#2016-2017","title":"2016-2017 \u5e74\u5377","text":"<ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 1 \u5012\u5e8f\u6808</li> </ul> <p>\u6ce8\u610f\u9898\u76ee\u4e2d\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u6808\u9876\u6307\u9488\u4f4d\u4e8e <code>N</code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6808\u662f\u4ece\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5c3e\u90e8\u5f00\u59cb\u7d2f\u79ef\u7684\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 1.(2) \u5199\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488</li> </ul> <p>\u7b80\u5355\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd9\u6837\u8bb0\uff1a<code>typedef \u8fd4\u56de\u7c7b\u578b (*\u65b0\u540d\u5b57)(\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868)</code></p> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 3 \u5947\u5076\u6392\u5e8f</li> </ul> <p>\u548c\u524d\u4e00\u5e74\u7684\u4f8f\u5112\u6392\u5e8f\u6709\u70b9\u50cf\uff0c\u6709\u5e8f\u60c5\u51b5\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u904d\u8fc7\uff0c\u6700\u4f18\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e5f\u662f \\(O(n)\\)\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 4 \u94fe\u8868\u64cd\u4f5c</li> </ul> <p>\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8be5\u94fe\u8868\u987a\u5e8f\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u6392\u5217\u3002\u6bd4 <code>x</code> \u5c0f\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u4f9d\u6b21\u79fb\u52a8\u5230 <code>root</code> \u4e3a\u9996\u7684\u5e26\u54e8\u5175\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u5927\u7684\u4f9d\u6b21\u79fb\u52a8\u5230 <code>pivot</code> \u4e3a\u9996\u7684\u54e8\u5175\u94fe\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5c06\u4e24\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\u5408\u5e76\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5408\u5e76\u540e\u7684\u94fe\u8868\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7b80\u7b54\u9898 5 \u56e0\u6570\u5206\u89e3</li> </ul> <p>\u672c\u9898\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u4ece\u5c0f\u5230\u8fbe\u6c42\u56e0\u6570\u3001\u7ea6\u53bb\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56e0\u6570\u3001\u6c42\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u56e0\u6570...\u3002\u6a21\u62df\u4e00\u904d\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u586b\u7a7a 1 \u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f</li> </ul> <p>\u6392\u5e8f\u539f\u7406\u9898\u76ee\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bb2\u6e05\u695a\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bb2\u4e00\u4e0b\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u51e0\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>count</code> \u6570\u7ec4\uff1a\u5148\u7528\u4e8e\u7edf\u8ba1\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u540e\u7528\u6765\u6807\u8bb0\u5f00\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</li> <li><code>output_array[count[input_array[i]]] = input_array[i]</code> \u6211\u4eec\u6765\u62c6\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0b\uff1a<ul> <li><code>intput_array[i]</code> \u5c31\u662f\u7b2c <code>i</code> \u4e2a\u5143\u7d20</li> <li>\u628a\u5b83\u653e\u5230 <code>count[]</code> \u5c31\u80fd\u67e5\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5e94\u8be5\u653e\u7f6e\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</li> <li>\u6240\u4ee5\u7b2c 4 \u7a7a\u5f53\u7136\u8981\u9012\u589e\u5566\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul> <li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u586b\u7a7a 3 \u5dee\u96c6</li> </ul> <p>\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\u90fd\u662f\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5b8c\u6574\u904d\u5386 \\(A\\)\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/exam/#2015-2016","title":"2015-2016 \u5e74\u5377","text":"<ul> <li>\u9009\u62e9\u9898 5 \u5b8f\u7684\u5c55\u5f00</li> </ul> <p>\u5b8f\u5c55\u5f00\u53ea\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6587\u672c\u66ff\u6362\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5148\u5c55\u5f00 <code>DD</code> \u5f97\u5230 <code>SQ(2*3) - SQ(2+3)</code>\uff0c\u5f97\u5230 <code>2 * 3 * 2 * 3 - 2 + 3 * 2 + 3</code></li> <li>\u5148\u5c55\u5f00 <code>SQ</code> \u5f97\u5230 <code>DD(x, y) = x * x - y * y</code>\uff0c\u5f97\u5230 <code>2 * 3 * 2 * 3 - 2 + 3 * 2 + 3</code></li> </ul> <p>\u4ece\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u5c55\u5f00\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u5b8f\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5c55\u5f00\u987a\u5e8f\u5e76\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\u7ed3\u679c\u5e94\u5f53\u4e00\u81f4\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/","title":"\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6","text":"<p>Abstract</p> <p>\u5148\u4ecb\u7ecd\u300aC Primer Plus\u300b\u4e2d\u8bb2\u89e3\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u518d\u53d9\u8ff0 C \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e2d\u5173\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002</p>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#c","title":"\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0b C \u7684\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u6a21\u578b","text":"","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#_2","title":"\u7f13\u51b2","text":"<p>\u7f13\u51b2\u8f93\u5165</p> <p>\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u88ab\u6536\u96c6\u5e76\u50a8\u5b58\u5728\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\uff08buffer\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u6309\u4e0b Enter \u952e\u540e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u624d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u5b8c\u5168\u7f13\u51b2\uff1a\u4ec5\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u586b\u6ee1\u65f6\u624d\u53d1\u9001\u5185\u5bb9\u3001\u5237\u65b0\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u8f93\u5165\u3002</li> <li>\u884c\u7f13\u51b2\uff1a\u51fa\u73b0\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u65f6\u5237\u65b0\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u952e\u76d8\u8f93\u5165\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u4e0e\u4e4b\u5bf9\u5e94\u5730\uff0c\u65e0\u7f13\u51b2\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u80fd\u591f\u7acb\u5373\u4f7f\u7528\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002</p> <p>C \u6807\u51c6\u89c4\u5b9a\uff1a\u8f93\u5165\u662f\u7f13\u51b2\u7684\u3002</p> \u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u6539\u8f93\u5165\u65b9\u5f0f\u5417\uff1f <p>UNIX \u5e93\u4e2d\u6709 <code>ioctl()</code> \u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u5f85\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e C \u6807\u51c6\u3002</p> <p>ANSI C \u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <code>setbuf()</code> \u548c <code>setvbuf()</code> \u63a7\u5236\u7f13\u51b2\uff0c\u4f46\u53d7\u9650\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002</p>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#_3","title":"\u6d41","text":"<p>C \u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u65b9\u5f0f\u79f0\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6 I/O\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5e95\u5c42 I/O \u4e0a\u7684\u3002\u5e95\u5c42 I/O \u4e4b\u95f4\u5e38\u5e38\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5dee\u5f02\uff1a</p> <p>\u5404\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5dee\u5f02</p> \u5dee\u5f02 UNIX Windows MacOS \u6362\u884c\u7b26 <code>\\n</code> LF <code>\\r\\n</code> CRLF <code>\\n</code> (\u8f83\u65e9\u7684 MacOS \u4f7f\u7528 <code>\\r</code>)LF \u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26 <code>^D</code> <code>^Z</code> <code>^D</code> <p>\u6ce8\uff1a\u5982 <code>^Z</code> \u4ee3\u8868 <code>Ctrl+Z</code>\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u7ec4\u5408\u952e\u7ed3\u675f\u952e\u76d8\u8f93\u5165\u3002</p> <p>\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u5c3e\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u7531\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26\u6807\u8bb0\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0cUNIX \u7cfb\u7edf\u50a8\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f9d\u636e\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u4fe1\u606f\u51b3\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u3002</p> <p>\u4ece\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u770b\uff0cC \u5904\u7406\u7684\u662f\u6d41\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u4e0d\u540c\u79cd\u7c7b\u7684\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u7531\u5c5e\u6027\u66f4\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u6d41\u6765\u8868\u793a\u3002</p> <p>\u6d41</p> <p>\u6d41\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u3002</p> <p>\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u6d41\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6\u76f8\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u8bfb\u5199\u90fd\u901a\u8fc7\u6d41\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u3002</p> <p><code>getchar()</code> \u548c <code>scanf()</code> \u7b49\u51fd\u6570\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u5c3e\u65f6\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u503c <code>EOF</code>\uff0c\u5728 <code>stdio.h</code> \u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\uff1a</p> <pre><code>#define EOF (-1)\n</code></pre> <p>\u4f60\u80fd\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u628a\u5b83\u5b9a\u4e3a <code>-1</code> \u5417\uff1f</p>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#_4","title":"\u5b57\u7b26\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa","text":"<p>\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u529f\u80fd</p> \u529f\u80fd \u51fd\u6570 \u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de\u503c <code>int getchar(void)</code> <code>int getc(FILE *stream)</code> <code>int fgetc(FILE *stream)</code> \u5355\u5b57\u7b26\u8f93\u5165 EOF <code>char *fgets(char *s, int size, FILE *stream)</code> \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8f93\u5165 NULL <code>int ungetc(int c, FILE *stream)</code> \u653e\u56de\u7f13\u51b2\u8f93\u5165 EOF <p>\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u51fd\u6570\u90fd\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4ece\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e2d\u7684 <code>unsigned char</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a <code>int</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u3002</p> <p>\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u9020\u6210 EOF \u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u8bc6\u522b\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u88ab\u770b\u4f5c\u5b57\u7b26\u5462\uff1f</p> <p>\u5173\u4e8e <code>getchar()</code> \u51fd\u6570</p> <p>\u5b83\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u662f <code>int</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u800c\u975e <code>char</code> \u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u3002</p>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#_5","title":"\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u95ee\u9898","text":"<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<code>scanf()</code> \u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u9664\u4e86 <code>%c</code> \u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8bfb\u53d6\u7a7a\u767d\u5b57\u7b26\uff08\u7a7a\u683c\u3001\u5236\u8868\u7b26\u548c\u56de\u8f66\uff09\u3002</p> <p>\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u51fd\u6570</p> <pre><code>char * s_gets(char* st, int n)\n{\nchar * ret_val;\nint i = 0;\n\nret_val = fgets(st, n, stdin);\nif (ret_val)\n{\nwhile (st[i] != '\\n' &amp;&amp; st[i] != '\\0)\ni++;\nif (st[i] == '\\n')\nst[i] = '\\0';\nelse //must have words[i] == '\\0'\nwhile (getchar() != '\\n')\ncontinue;\n}\nreturn ret_val;\n}\n</code></pre> <p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u81ea\u300aC Primer Plus\u300b\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e66\u4e2d 13 \u7ae0\u4ee5\u540e\u4e00\u76f4\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u793a\u8303\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u5b89\u5168\u7684 <code>fgets()</code> \u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8f93\u5165\u7edf\u4e00\uff0c\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u3002</p> <p>\u5728\u6d89\u53ca\u884c\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7edf\u4e00\u884c\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6362\u884c\u7b26\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u5c3e\u5904\u859b\u5b9a\u8c14\u7684\u6362\u884c\u7b26\uff0c\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u4f5c\u7528\u3002</p>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#_6","title":"\u68c0\u67e5\u8f93\u5165","text":"<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u67e5\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\uff1a</p> <ol> <li><code>scanf()</code> \u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002</li> </ol>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#_7","title":"\u6587\u4ef6\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa","text":"","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#_8","title":"\u6807\u51c6\u5e93","text":"","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#c-standard-library","title":"C standard library","text":"","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#history-of-io-model","title":"History of I/O model","text":"<ul> <li> <p>Before the UNIX system, </p> </li> <li> <p>UNIX system designed I/O method isolated about devices. It treats all text stream using standard internal format.</p> </li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#-ioctl-is-used-to-edit-text-stream-for-output","title":"- <code>ioctl</code> is used to edit text stream for output.","text":"","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#_9","title":"\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u827a\u672f","text":"","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#_10","title":"\u6587\u4ef6","text":"<p>\u672c\u8282\u7ed3\u5408 <code>&lt;stdio.h&gt;</code> \u5e93\u548c C \u6807\u51c6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002</p>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#_11","title":"\u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5","text":"<p>C \u628a\u6587\u4ef6\u770b\u4f5c\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u90fd\u80fd\u88ab\u5355\u72ec\u8bfb\u53d6\u3002C \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e24\u79cd\u6587\u4ef6\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u5f00\u5934\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002</p>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#_12","title":"\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u5b8f","text":"<p>\u5728 <code>&lt;stdio.h&gt;</code> \u4e2d\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u5b8f\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>FILE</code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u63a7\u5236\u6d41\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7b26\u3001\u6307\u5411\u76f8\u5173\u7f13\u51b2\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u6307\u793a\u7b26\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26\u3002<ul> <li>\u4e0d\u8981\u8bd5\u56fe\u63a2\u7d22 <code>FILE *</code> \u6570\u636e\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u67d0\u4e9b\u53ef\u89c1\u57df\u3002\u4e0d\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u4e0d\u8981\u62f7\u8d1d\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e76\u4ee3\u66ff\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u5047\u5b9a\u77e5\u9053\u6d41\u6570\u636e\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5730\u5740\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li><code>fpos_t</code> \u5bf9\u8c61\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u542b\u6709\u552f\u4e00\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\u3002</li> <li><code>stderr</code>, <code>stdin</code>, <code>stdout</code> \u90fd\u662f <code>FILE*</code> \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002</li> <li><code>EOF</code> \u5c55\u5f00\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d1f\u7684\u6574\u503c\u5e38\u91cf\u3002</li> <li><code>NULL</code></li> <li><code>SEEK_CUR</code> \u6587\u4ef6\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e</li> <li><code>SEEK_END</code> \u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u675f\u4f4d\u7f6e</li> <li><code>SEEK_SET</code> \u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e</li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#_13","title":"\u51fd\u6570","text":"<p>\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>int remove (const char *filename)</code></li> <li><code>int rename (const char *old, const char *new)</code></li> <li><code>FILE *tmpfile(void)</code></li> <li><code>char * tmpnam(char *s)</code></li> </ul> <p>\u6587\u4ef6\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>int fclose(FILE *stream)</code> <ul> <li>\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6e05\u7a7a\u6d41\uff08\u6e05\u7a7a\u6d41\u5c31\u662f\u4f20\u9012\u7f13\u51b2\u6570\u636e\uff09\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u7f13\u51b2\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li><code>int fflush(FILE *stream)</code><ul> <li>\u7acb\u5373\u5199\u5165\uff08\u8981\u6c42\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b21\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u8f93\u51fa\uff09\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li><code>FILE *fopen(const char *filename, const char *mode)</code></li> <li><code>FILE *freopen(const char *filename, const char *mode, FILE *stream)</code></li> <li><code>void setbuf(FILE *stream, char *buf)</code></li> <li><code>int setvbuf(FILE *stream, char *buf, int mode, size_t size)</code></li> </ul> <p>mode \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u542b\u4e49\uff1a</p> flag meaning r read w write (new or cut) a append (new or append) b binary + update <p>\u6ce8\u610f\u4e00\u4e0b\u4e0a\u9762\u8bcd\u8bed\u7684\u542b\u4e49\uff0cupdate \u548c append \u80fd\u5199\u5165\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002</p> <ul> <li>append \u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u6240\u6709\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u5f3a\u5236\u52a0\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u675f\u5904\u3002</li> <li>update \u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0c\u82e5\u4e0d\u8c03\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u5b9a\u4f4d\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u76f8\u4e92\u7d27\u8ddf\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e UNIX \u8fd9\u79cd\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5e26 <code>b</code> \u4e0e\u5426\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u3002</p> <p>C11 \u4e2d\u65b0\u589e\u4e86 <code>x</code>\uff0c\u5e26\u8be5\u5b57\u6bcd\u7684\u5199\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00\u5b58\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\uff08\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u52a0\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\uff09\uff0c\u4e14\u5141\u8bb8\u72ec\u5360\u3002</p> <p>\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>fprintf</code></li> <li><code>fscanf</code></li> <li><code>vfprintf</code></li> <li><code>vprintf</code></li> <li><code>vsprintf</code></li> </ul> <p>\u5b57\u7b26\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>fgetc</code></li> <li><code>fgets</code></li> <li><code>fputc</code></li> <li><code>fputs</code></li> <li><code>getc</code></li> <li><code>getchar</code></li> <li>[DECPRATED] <code>gets</code></li> <li><code>putc</code></li> <li><code>putchar</code></li> <li><code>puts</code></li> <li><code>ungetc</code></li> </ul> <p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c<code>fgetc()</code> \u4e0e <code>getc()</code> \u8fd9\u7c7b\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u662f\u540e\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e3a\u5b8f\u3002</p> <p>\u76f4\u63a5 I/O\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>size_t fread(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, FILE *stream)</code></li> <li><code>size_t fwrite(const void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, FILE *stream)</code></li> </ul> <p>\u6587\u4ef6\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff1a</p> <ul> <li><code>int fseek(FILE *stream, long int offset, int whence)</code></li> <li><code>long int ftell(FILE *stream)</code></li> <li><code>void rewind(FILE *stream)</code></li> </ul> <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u66f4\u5927\u578b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff08<code>long</code> \u65e0\u6cd5\u8868\u793a\u7684\u504f\u79fb\u503c\uff09</p> <ul> <li><code>int fgetpos(FILE *stream, fpos_t *pos)</code></li> <li><code>int fsetpos(FILE *stream, const fpos_t *pos)</code></li> </ul> <p>\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\uff1a\u7565</p>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#_14","title":"\u6d41\u548c\u6587\u4ef6","text":"<p>C \u6807\u51c6\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e24\u79cd\u6d41\u7684\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u6587\u672c\u6d41\uff1a\u7ec4\u6210\u6587\u672c\u884c\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u5b57\u7b26\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u7531\u96f6\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u52a0\u4e0a\u6807\u5fd7\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u7ec4\u6210\u3002<ul> <li>\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u3001\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u6b63\u524d\u9762\u7684\u7a7a\u683c\u662f\u5426\u5728\u8bfb\u53d6\u65f6\u51fa\u73b0\u7b49\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6d41\uff1a\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u5e8f\u5217\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5173\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u52a8\u4f5c\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a\u6d41\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e0e\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u5173\u8054\u3002<ul> <li>\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u4f1a\u4e22\u5f03\u5185\u5bb9\u3002</li> <li>\u548c\u6d41\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7b26\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002</li> <li>\u9644\u52a0\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7531\u5b9e\u73b0\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li></li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#_15","title":"\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u79fb\u52a8","text":"<ul> <li>offset \u5e94\u8be5\u7531 ftell \u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002</li> </ul>","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/io-and-file/#_16","title":"\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6","text":"","tags":["Todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/linguish/","title":"\u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5","text":""},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/linguish/#_2","title":"\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u4e0e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7","text":"<p>C \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7 - cppreference.com</p> <p>\u7b80\u5355\u5f52\u7eb3\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ea7\uff1a<ul> <li>\u90fd\u662f\u8bbf\u95ee\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff0c\u5982 <code>[]</code> \u4e0b\u6807\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001<code>.</code>\u3001\u6210\u5458\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001<code>-&gt;</code> \u95f4\u63a5\u6210\u5458\u8bbf\u95ee</li> <li><code>()</code> \u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u3001<code>(type)</code> \u5f3a\u5236\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362</li> <li>\u540e\u7f00\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff1a<code>++</code>\u3001<code>--</code></li> </ul> </li> <li>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ea7\uff1a<ul> <li>\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u5143\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff1a<code>+</code>\u3001<code>-</code> \u4e00\u5143\u52a0\u51cf\u3001<code>!</code>\u3001<code>~</code> \u4e00\u5143\u903b\u8f91\u3001<code>++</code>\u3001<code>--</code> \u524d\u7f00\u3001<code>*</code>\u3001<code>&amp;</code> \u5f15\u7528\u4e0e\u89e3\u5f15\u7528\u3001<code>sizeof</code>\u3001<code>_Alignof</code> \u53d6\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0e\u5bf9\u9f50</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ea7~\u7b2c\u56db\u7ea7\uff1a<ul> <li><code>*</code>\u3001<code>/</code>\u3001<code>%</code> \u4e58\u9664\u53d6\u4f59</li> <li><code>+</code>\u3001<code>-</code> \u52a0\u51cf</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ea7\uff1a<ul> <li><code>&lt;&lt;</code>\u3001<code>&gt;&gt;</code> \u5de6\u79fb\u53f3\u79fb</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u7b2c\u516d\u7ea7\uff1a<ul> <li><code>&lt;</code>\u3001<code>&lt;=</code>\u3001<code>&gt;</code>\u3001<code>&gt;=</code> \u6bd4\u8f83</li> </ul> </li> <li>\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ea7\uff1a<ul> <li><code>==</code>\u3001<code>!=</code> \u76f8\u7b49\u4e0e\u4e0d\u7b49</li> </ul> </li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/misc/","title":"\u6742\u9879","text":""},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/misc/#win-32","title":"Win 32 \u7f16\u7a0b\u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5","text":""},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/misc/#_2","title":"\u56fd\u9645\u5316\uff1a\u5b57\u7b26\u7c7b\u578b","text":""},{"location":"courses-zjucs/c-programming/program-structure-and-compilation/","title":"\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b","text":"<p>\u7b80\u4ecb</p> <p>\u672c\u8282\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>C \u8bed\u8a00\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784</li> <li>\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b</li> <li>\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u7684\u4f7f\u7528</li> <li>\u591a\u6587\u4ef6\u7f16\u8bd1</li> <li>\u5b8f</li> <li>\u5934\u6587\u4ef6</li> </ul>","tags":["todo"]},{"location":"courses-zjucs/data-structures/","title":"\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u57fa\u7840","text":"<p>\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f</p> <ul> <li>\u5b66\u5e74\uff1a2023-2024 \u79cb\u51ac\u5b66\u671f</li> <li>\u6388\u8bfe\u6559\u5e08\uff1a\u5e72\u7ea2\u534e</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/","title":"HPC101-2023","text":"<p>Course information</p> <ul> <li>Course Time: 2023 Summer</li> <li>Website</li> <li>Related Book Notes:<ul> <li>An Introduction to parallel programming</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>Prereading</p> <p>These notes are written completely in English.</p> <p>Contents for this course are:</p> <ul> <li>Overview of High Performance Computing</li> <li>Architecture of High Performance Computuers</li> <li>Operation and maintainance of High Performance Computers</li> <li>Design and implementation of High Performance Computing Applications</li> <li>Basics of Vectorized Programming</li> <li>CUDA C Heterogeneous Programming Fundamentals</li> <li>Compilation optimization techniques</li> <li>Machine Learning System Optimization</li> </ul> <p>I recommend you to read the following materials before the course:</p> <ul> <li>Introductino to High Performance Computing for Scientists and Engineers</li> <li>An Introduction to Parallel Programming</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/#lecture-note","title":"Lecture Note","text":""},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/#labs-archive","title":"Labs Archive","text":"<ul> <li>Lab1: Construct simple cluster</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/","title":"Lab1 Construct simple cluster","text":"<p>Keep in mind</p> <p>Always redirect the output of your commands to a file. It helps to store informations in files. You may need them later to get information or debug.</p> <pre><code># Redirect stdout and stderr to files\ncommand &gt; stdout.log 2&gt; stderr.log\n</code></pre> <p>If you want to see the information in your terminal, you can use <code>tee</code> to print the output to both stdout and files.</p> <pre><code># Redirect stdout and stderr to files and print them to terminal\ncommand 2&gt;&amp;1 | tee stdout.log stderr.log\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/#0-create-a-virtual-machine","title":"0. Create a virtual machine","text":"<p>Procedures of installation are skipped.</p> <p>If you can't bear low display resolution in terminals, see Configuring Network and SSH to use SSH to connect to the virtual machine.</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/#1-build-and-install-openmpi-from-source","title":"1. Build and install OpenMPI from source","text":"<p>Follow the official tutorial OpenMPI: FAQ:Building Open MPI to install OpenMPI. </p> <pre><code>wget https://download.open-mpi.org/release/open-mpi/v4.1/openmpi-4.1.1.tar.gz\ntar -xvf openmpi-4.1.1.tar.gz\ncd openmpi-4.1.1\n./configure --prefix=/usr/local\nmake all install\n</code></pre> <p>You may need <code>sudo</code> privilege to execute <code>make all install</code> because it needs to change <code>/usr/local/</code>. After installation, the binary files are in <code>/usr/local/bin</code> and you don't need to change PATH.</p> <p>Remember directory paths</p> <p>You'll need to configure paths to OpenMPI when compiling and running MPI programs. In my case, the paths are:</p> <ul> <li>binary: <code>/usr/local/bin/</code></li> <li>header files: <code>/usr/local/include</code></li> <li>hostfile: <code>/usr/local/etc/openmpi-default-hostfile</code></li> </ul> <p>After I've done the lab, I understood that I should have used an independent path to save the OpenMPI files and other components, so that they can be found more easily. For example, I can use <code>/usr/local/openmpi-4.1.1</code> to save the files.</p> Test your OpenMPI installation <p>You can test your OpenMPI installation by executing <code>mpirun</code>:</p> <pre><code>mpirun --version\n</code></pre> <p>If you see the version information, then you've installed OpenMPI successfully.</p> <p>If you want to test the compilation and execution of MPI programs, you can try to compile and run the <code>hello.c</code>. Follow the instructions on Using MPI with C</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/#2-build-and-install-blas-and-cblas","title":"2. Build and install BLAS and CBLAS","text":"<p>Prepare tools:</p> <pre><code>sudo apt install build-essential gfortran cmake\n</code></pre> <p>Get the source code and extract them:</p> <pre><code>wget \"https://netlib.org/benchmark/hpl/hpl-2.3.tar.gz\"\nwget \"http://www.netlib.org/blas/blas-3.11.0.tgz\"\nwget \"http://www.netlib.org/blas/blast-forum/cblas.tgz\"\ntar xvf hpl-2.3.tar.gz -C hpl\ntar xvf blas-3.11.0.tgz -C blas\ntar xvf cblas.tgz -C cblas\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/#install-blas","title":"Install BLAS","text":"<pre><code>cd blas\nmake\n</code></pre> <p>Then you'll Find the line <code>BLASLIB = ../../blas$(PLAT).a</code> and change it to <code>BLASLIB = /usr/local/lib/libblas.a</code>. Then save and exit. Then execute <code>make</code>, get the binary file <code>cblas_LINUX.a</code> in the folder. Copy it to <code>/usr/local/lib</code>:</p> <pre><code>cp blas_LINUX.a /usr/local/lib/libblas.a\n</code></pre> <p>Run the test program for BLAS and passed:</p> <p></p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/#install-cblas","title":"Install CBLAS","text":"<pre><code>cd ../cblas\nmore README\n</code></pre> <p>Read the instructions in <code>README</code> to install CBLAS.</p> <pre><code>cp Makefile.LINUX Makefile.in\nvim Makefile.in\n</code></pre> <p>Find the line <code>BLASLIB = ../../blas$(PLAT).a</code> and change it to <code>BLASLIB = /usr/local/lib/libblas.a</code>. Then save and exit. Then execute <code>make</code>, get the binary file <code>cblas_LINUX.a</code> in the folder. Copy it to <code>/usr/local/lib</code>:</p> <pre><code>make\ncp cblas_LINUX.a /usr/local/lib/libcblas.a\n</code></pre> Error when compiling CBLAS <p>If you encountered the same error when executing make in CBLAS folder and stopped at testing process, receiving the error message like:</p> <pre><code>Error: rank mismatch in argument 'strue1' at (1) (rank-1 and scalar)\n</code></pre> <p></p> <p>The reason is that there are some old-fashioned code deprecated by recent version of gcc-10. You can try to modify the <code>Makefile</code> in test folder, adding <code>-std=legacy</code> or <code>-fallow-argument-mismatch</code> to the flags.</p> <p>Here are more information:</p> <ul> <li>GitHub: Compilation error using gfortran-10?</li> <li>GitHub: Compilation error with GCC 10</li> </ul> <p>After edit, run <code>make</code> again and you'll see the test passed.</p> <p></p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/#3-build-hpl","title":"3. Build HPL","text":"<p>There are some difference between the experiment manual and <code>INSTALL</code> file, you should follow the manual. </p> <pre><code>cp setup/Make.Linux_PII_CBLAS Make.test\n</code></pre> <p>Edit some lines in <code>Make.test</code>:</p> <pre><code># diff from Make.test and Make.Linux_PII_CBLAS\n64c64\n&lt; ARCH         = test\n---\n&gt; ARCH         = Linux_PII_CBLAS\n84,86c84,86\n&lt; MPdir        =\n&lt; MPinc        = -I/usr/local/include\n&lt; MPlib        = /usr/local/lib/libmpi.so\n---\n&gt; MPdir        = /usr/local/mpi\n&gt; MPinc        = -I$(MPdir)/include\n&gt; MPlib        = $(MPdir)/lib/libmpich.a\n95,97c95,97\n&lt; LAdir        =\n&lt; LAinc        = #/home/bowling/CBLAS/include\n&lt; LAlib        = /usr/local/lib/libcblas.a /usr/local/lib/libblas.a /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/10/libgfortran.a /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/10/libquadmath.a /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.a\n---\n&gt; LAdir        = $(HOME)/netlib/ARCHIVES/Linux_PII\n&gt; LAinc        =\n&gt; LAlib        = $(LAdir)/libcblas.a $(LAdir)/libatlas.a\n169c169\n&lt; CC           = /usr/local/bin/mpicc\n---\n&gt; CC           = /usr/bin/gcc\n176c176\n&lt; LINKER       = $(CC)\n---\n&gt; LINKER       = /usr/bin/g77\n</code></pre> Error in linking <p>You may encounter the error message like this:</p> <p></p> <p>Search the web and you'll find the libs containing missing symbols. They are:</p> <ul> <li><code>/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gun/10/libgfortran.a</code></li> <li><code>/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gun/10/libquadmath.a</code></li> <li><code>/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gun/10/libm.a</code></li> </ul> <p>Searching for the missing library was hard, because it happens everywhere. Solutions to others may not take effect on you.</p> <p>I'm still wondering why these libraries were not linked automatically, they are in the default <code>PATH</code>.</p> <p>After make, you'll get the binary file <code>xhpl</code> in the folder <code>bin/test</code>.</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/#4-configuring-network-and-ssh","title":"4. Configuring network and SSH","text":"<p>To construct a cluster, we need to use NAT network to connect them together. The host cannot connect to virtual machine inside NAT network directly, but we can use port forwarding:</p> <p></p> <p>Now we can ssh into the <code>master</code> machine:</p> <pre><code>ssh -p 3022 bowling@localhost\n</code></pre> <p></p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/#5-experiment","title":"5. Experiment","text":"Error: cannot open file HPL.dat <p>You may encounter error like this:</p> <p></p> <p>Refer to this issue:</p> <ul> <li>HPL Segmentation Fault</li> </ul> <p>Final result:</p> <p></p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/#bonus-docker","title":"Bonus: Docker","text":"<p>Using docker, we can skip the process of building everything. We only need to configure SSH connection and write <code>HPL.dat</code>, then enjoy. DOCKERS ARE AWESOME.</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/#find-docker","title":"Find docker","text":"<p>I use the docker from ashael/hpl - Docker Image | Docker Hub, which contains configured <code>hpl-2.2</code>.</p> <p>Here I've opened 4 containers from the same image:</p> <p></p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/#setting-up-connection","title":"Setting up connection","text":"<p>Dockers are connected within a bridge by default.</p> <p></p> <p>Attach to each of them and get their ip address:</p> <p></p> <p>Select the host of <code>172.17.0.5</code> as master, <code>172.17.0.4</code>-<code>172.17.0.2</code> as slaves.</p> <p>In master:</p> <pre><code>ssh-keygen\ncat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub\n</code></pre> <p>In slaves:</p> <pre><code>mkdir /var/run/sshd\nvim /etc/ssh/sshd_config\n</code></pre> <p>find these lines:</p> <pre><code>#ListenAddress ::\n#ListenAddress 0.0.0.0\n#AuthorizedKeyFile %h/.ssh/authorized_keys\n</code></pre> <p>uncomment them and save.</p> <p>Then add master's public key to <code>authorized_keys</code> and start <code>sshd</code>.</p> <p></p> <p>Succeeded.</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/#execute-experiment","title":"Execute experiment","text":"<p>I found the computing speed in dockers is much faster then clusters. DOCKERS ARE EXTREMELY AWESOME.</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/#extended","title":"Extended","text":"<p>Later in the course, instructors mentioned we can try to modify <code>HPL.dat</code> to get better performance and configure NFS to share files between nodes. I also tried to do these things. </p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/#tuning-hpldat","title":"Tuning HPL.dat","text":"<p>Refer to HPL Tuning.</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/#configuring-nfs-file-system","title":"Configuring NFS File System","text":"<p>NFS uses RPC protocol to share files between server and client.</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/#setup-nfs-server-and-client","title":"Setup NFS Server and Client","text":"<p>Please refer to this passage: How to Set Up an NFS Mount on Debian 11 | DigitalOcean.</p> <p>More details about NFS can be seen in:</p> <ul> <li>NFS - ArchWiki</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/#have-a-test","title":"Have a test","text":"<p>First install <code>nfs-common</code> and create mount point on clients:</p> <pre><code>sudo apt install nfs-common\nsudo mkdir /hpc\n</code></pre> <p>mount error</p> <p>If you encounter the following error:</p> <pre><code>mount: bad option; for several filesystems (e.g. nfs, cifs) you might need a /sbin/mount.&lt;type&gt; helper program.\n</code></pre> <p>You need to install <code>nfs-common</code> on clients.</p> <p>Add the following line to clients:</p> /etc/fstab<pre><code>10.0.2.15:/hpc /hpc nfs auto,nofail,noatime,nolock,intr,tcp,actimeo=1800 0 0\n</code></pre> <p>Then run the program and get the result:</p> <p></p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab1/#related-links","title":"Related links","text":"<ul> <li>45gfg9's Note</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab2/","title":"Lab2 Vector Calculation","text":""},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab2/#basic-usage-of-numpy","title":"Basic usage of NumPy","text":""},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab2/#conda","title":"Conda","text":"<p>Actually this may be our first time to manage Python project. So a package management system is needed. Let's learn Conda first.</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab2/#idea","title":"Idea","text":"<p>Vectorization and broadcasting are two important concepts in NumPy. They are the key to make NumPy faster than pure Python.</p> <ul> <li>Vectorization describes the absence of any explicit looping, indexing, etc., in the code.</li> <li>Broadcasting is the term used to describe the implicit element-by-element behavior of operations.</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab2/#check-it","title":"Check it","text":"<p>You should learn:</p> <ul> <li>Array creation</li> <li>Indexing on <code>ndarrays</code></li> <li>I/O with NumPy</li> <li>Data types</li> <li>Broadcasting</li> <li>Copies and views</li> <li>Structured arrays</li> <li>Universal functions (ufuncs) basics</li> </ul>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab2/#array","title":"Array","text":"<p>Some terminology in NumPy:</p> <ul> <li>vector: 1d array</li> <li>matrix: 2d array</li> <li>tensor: 3d or higher dimensional array</li> <li>axes: dimensions</li> </ul> <p>Attributes of array:</p> <ul> <li><code>dtype</code>: data type</li> <li><code>rank</code>: number of dimensions</li> <li><code>shape</code>: a tuple of integers, indicating the size of the array in each dimension</li> </ul> <p>Create an array:</p> <ul> <li><code>np.array(list)</code>: create an array from a list</li> <li><code>np.zeros(n)</code>: create an n-dimensional array full of zeros</li> <li><code>np.ones(n)</code>: create an n-dimensional array full of ones</li> <li><code>np.empty(n)</code>: create an n-dimensional array full of random numbers</li> <li><code>np.arange(start, end, step)</code>: create an array from start to end with step</li> <li><code>np.linspace(start, end, num=)</code>: create an array from start to end with num elements</li> </ul> <p>Use <code>dtype</code> keyword argument to specify the data type of the array. For example, <code>np.array([1, 2, 3], dtype=np.float32)</code>.</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lab2/#manipulate","title":"Manipulate","text":"<p>Sorting:</p> <ul> <li><code>np.sort(arr)</code>: sort an array, return a sorted copy</li> <li><code>np.argsort()</code></li> <li><code>np.lexsort()</code></li> <li><code>np.searchsorted()</code>: find elements in a sorted array</li> <li><code>np.partition()</code>: partial sort</li> </ul> <p>Concatenate:</p> <ul> <li>Vectors: <code>np.concatenate((a1, a2, ...))</code>: concatenate arrays</li> <li>Multidimensional arrays: <code>np.concatenate((a1, a2, ...), axis=)</code>: concatenate arrays along a specific axis</li> </ul> <p>Info:</p> <ul> <li><code>ndarray.ndim</code>: number of dimensions</li> <li><code>ndarray.size</code>: total number of elements</li> <li><code>ndarray.shape</code>: mentioned above</li> </ul> <p>Reshape:  - <code>arr.reshape(shape)</code> - <code>np.reshape(arr, newshape=(,), order='C')</code>     - <code>newshape</code>: a tuple of integers     - <code>order</code>:         - <code>C</code>: row-major, C-like index order         - <code>F</code>: column-major, Fortran-like index order         - <code>A</code>: if <code>a</code> is Fortran contiguous then Fortran-like, otherwise row-major</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lec1/","title":"Lecture 1~2","text":""},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lec1/#lec-1-introduction-to-hpc","title":"Lec 1 Introduction to HPC","text":"<p>Date: 2023/07/03</p> <ul> <li>Introduction to course<ul> <li>Scores:<ul> <li>Class: 10%</li> <li>Labs: 65%</li> <li>Teamwork: 25%</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li>Introduction to ZJUSCT</li> <li>Basic knowledge of computers:<ul> <li>System</li> <li>Network</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>Contents in this lecture can be found in FOCS.</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lec1/#lec-2-computer-systems","title":"Lec 2 Computer Systems","text":"<p>Date: 2023/07/04</p> <p>Based on CMU 15-213 15-418</p> <p>Contents are:</p> <ul> <li>ISA x86</li> <li>Processor Architecture</li> <li>Memory Hierarchy</li> <li>Concurrency Basics</li> <li>x86 Microarchitecture</li> <li>Single Instruction Multiple Data</li> <li>Multicore and Multi-socket Memory</li> </ul> <p>Mainly discussed in CSAPP.</p> <p>\u8fd9\u8282\u8bfe\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5176\u5b9e\u975e\u5e38\u4e30\u5bcc\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e09\u5927\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff1a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u7f16\u8bd1\u539f\u7406\u3002\u672c\u8282\u8bfe\u53ea\u662f\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u77e5\u8bc6\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u6162\u6162\u8865\u5145\u3002</p>"},{"location":"courses-zjucs/hpc101/lec1/#lec-3-hpc-methodology","title":"Lec 3 HPC Methodology","text":"<p>Date: 2023/07/05</p>"},{"location":"misc/","title":"\u6742\u9879","text":"<p>\u5b58\u653e\u4e00\u4e9b\u65e0\u6cd5\u5f52\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u5206\u533a\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6211\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41</li> </ul>"},{"location":"misc/RemoteDesktop/","title":"\u8fdc\u7a0b\u684c\u9762\u6559\u7a0b","text":"<p>\u6458\u8981</p> <p>\u4f60\u662f\u5426\u4e5f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u592a\u5927\u592a\u91cd\u800c\u4e0d\u60f3\u628a\u5b83\u80cc\u53bb\u6559\u5ba4\uff1f\u8eab\u8fb9\u7684\u5e73\u677f\u56e0\u529f\u80fd\u4e0d\u5982\u7535\u8111\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u7528\u6b66\u4e4b\u5730\uff1f\u4e0d\u59a8\u8bd5\u8bd5\u628a\u7535\u8111\u653e\u5728\u5bbf\u820d\uff0c\u5e73\u677f\u8fdc\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u643a\u5e26\u8f7b\u8584\u7684\u5e73\u677f\u5c31\u597d\u5566~</p> <p>\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u5199\u7684\u5f88\u8be6\u7ec6\uff0c\u7535\u8111\u5c0f\u767d\u53ea\u8981\u7167\u7740\u505a\u5e94\u8be5\u4e5f\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\uff01</p>"},{"location":"misc/RemoteDesktop/#_2","title":"\u51c6\u5907","text":"<p>\u51c6\u5907 Windows \u4e13\u4e1a\u7248</p> <p>\u8bf7\u5148\u786e\u8ba4\u81ea\u5df1\u7684 Windows \u7248\u672c\u4e3a\u4e13\u4e1a\u7248\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3a\u5bb6\u5ead\u7248\uff0c\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u88ab\u8fdc\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u53ea\u6709 Windows \u4e13\u4e1a\u7248\u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7248\u672c\u652f\u6301\u88ab\u8fdc\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5728\u201c\u6253\u5f00\u8fdc\u7a0b\u684c\u9762\u201d\u6b65\u9aa4\u53d1\u73b0\u6ca1\u6709\u8fdc\u7a0b\u684c\u9762\u7a97\u683c\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u4f60\u7684 Windows \u7248\u672c\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u88ab\u8fdc\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u7535\u8111\u7aef\uff1a\u653e\u5728\u5bbf\u820d\uff0c\u8fde\u4e0a\u6709\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc\uff08\u5efa\u8bae\uff09\u6216\u8005 <code>ZJUWLAN-Secure</code>\u3002</li> <li>\u79fb\u52a8\u7aef<ul> <li>\u5b89\u88c5 <code>Microsoft Remote Desktop</code>\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5fae\u8f6f\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u8fdc\u7a0b\u684c\u9762\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4f53\u9a8c\u6700\u597d\u3002</li> <li>\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u8fde\u63a5\u4e86\u84dd\u7259\u952e\u9f20\u7684\u5e73\u677f\uff0c\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002\u89e6\u63a7\u7b14\u4e5f\u53ef\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul>"},{"location":"misc/RemoteDesktop/#_3","title":"\u7535\u8111\u7aef\u8bbe\u7f6e","text":"<p>Quote</p> <p>\u53c2\u8003 98 \u5e16\u5b50\uff1a\u6821\u5916\u4f7f\u7528rvpn\u8fde\u63a5\u5185\u7f51Windows 10\u7535\u8111</p> <ul> <li>\u6253\u5f00\u8fdc\u7a0b\u684c\u9762\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u6309 Win+R\uff0c\u8f93\u5165 <code>SystemPropertiesRemote.exe</code>\uff0c\u6253\u5f00\u8fdc\u7a0b\u684c\u9762\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff1a</li> </ul> <p></p> <ul> <li>\u4ee5\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00 <code>PowerShell</code>\uff1a\u641c\u7d22\u6846\u8f93\u5165 <code>Windows PowerShell</code>\uff0c\u53f3\u952e\uff0c\u4ee5\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u8eab\u4efd\u8fd0\u884c\u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> <ul> <li> <p>\u66f4\u6539\u8fdc\u7a0b\u684c\u9762\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\uff1a\u9010\u884c\u8f93\u5165\u5e76\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06 <code>3390</code> \u66f4\u6539\u4e3a\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6570\u503c\uff08\u5efa\u8bae\u4e3a <code>65535</code> \u4ee5\u5185\u7684\u4e94\u4f4d\u6570\uff09\u3002</p> <pre><code>$portvalue = 3390\nSet-ItemProperty -Path 'HKLM:\\SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Terminal Server\\WinStations\\RDP-Tcp' -name \"PortNumber\" -Value $portvalue \nNew-NetFirewallRule -DisplayName 'RDPPORTLatest-TCP-In' -Profile 'Public' -Direction Inbound -Action Allow -Protocol TCP -LocalPort $portvalue \nNew-NetFirewallRule -DisplayName 'RDPPORTLatest-UDP-In' -Profile 'Public' -Direction Inbound -Action Allow -Protocol UDP -LocalPort $portvalue \n</code></pre> </li> </ul> <p></p> <ul> <li>\u83b7\u53d6\u7535\u8111\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\uff1a\u5728\u8bbe\u7f6e-\u7f51\u7edc-\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\uff08\u6709\u7ebf\uff09\u6216 WLAN \u9875\u9762\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u7684 IPv6 \u5730\u5740\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0b\u6765\u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> \u6280\u672f\u7ec6\u8282 <ul> <li>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u66f4\u6539\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\uff1f</li> </ul> <p>\u51fa\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u5b66\u6821\u5c4f\u853d\u4e86\u8fdc\u7a0b\u684c\u9762\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u6539\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f7f\u7528 IPv6 \u5730\u5740\uff1f</li> </ul> <p>\u5728\u6821\u56ed\u5185\u7f51\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u5b50\u7f51\u6bb5\u7684 IPv4 \u5730\u5740\u5e38\u5e38\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e92\u8fde\u3002\u4f46 IPv6 \u5730\u5740\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u6821\u7f51\u73af\u5883\u6709\u5173\u3002\u6b64\u5916 IPv6 \u5730\u5740\u7684\u79df\u671f\u4f3c\u4e4e\u66f4\u957f\uff0c\u66f4\u52a0\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002</p> <p>\u7535\u8111\u7aef\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6210\u3002</p>"},{"location":"misc/RemoteDesktop/#_4","title":"\u79fb\u52a8\u7aef\u8bbe\u7f6e","text":"<p>\u4ee5\u5b89\u5353\u5e73\u677f\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u82f9\u679c\u8bbe\u5907\u540c\u7406\u3002</p> <ul> <li>\u6253\u5f00 <code>Remote Desktop</code> \u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u70b9\u51fb\u53f3\u4e0a\u89d2\u7684 <code>+</code> \u53f7\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e3b\u673a\u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> <ul> <li>\u586b\u5165 IPv6 \u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\uff0c\u5982\uff1a<code>[xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx]:12345</code>\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff1aIPv6 \u5730\u5740\u7528\u4e2d\u62ec\u53f7\u62ec\u8d77\u6765\u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> <ul> <li>\u6dfb\u52a0\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5fae\u8f6f\u8d26\u6237\uff08\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u7535\u8111\u767b\u5f55\u4e86\u5fae\u8f6f\u8d26\u6237\uff09\u6216\u672c\u5730\u8d26\u6237\uff08\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u5fae\u8f6f\u8d26\u6237\uff09\u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> <ul> <li>\u4e0b\u62c9\u9009\u62e9\u9700\u8981\u4e0e\u7535\u8111\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5f00\u542f\u526a\u8d34\u677f\u5171\u4eab\u5373\u53ef\uff08\u5728\u7535\u8111\u548c\u5e73\u677f\u4e4b\u95f4\u5171\u4eab\u526a\u8d34\u677f\uff09\u3002</li> </ul> <p></p> <ul> <li>\u70b9\u51fb\u4fdd\u5b58\u3002</li> <li>\u70b9\u51fb\u521a\u521a\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e3b\u673a\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u521d\u6b21\u8fde\u63a5\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f39\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u8b66\u544a\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u52fe\u9009\u4e0d\u518d\u63d0\u9192\u5e76\u786e\u8ba4\u5373\u53ef\u3002</li> <li>\u4eab\u53d7\u8fdc\u7a0b\u684c\u9762\u4f53\u9a8c\u5427\uff01</li> </ul> <p></p> <p>\u5982\u679c\u79fb\u52a8\u7aef\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7535\u8111\u7aef IPv6 \u5730\u5740\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u66f4\u6539\u5730\u5740\u5373\u53ef\u3002</p>"},{"location":"misc/RemoteDesktop/#_5","title":"\u4f7f\u7528\u4f53\u9a8c","text":"<p>\u6821\u56ed\u5185\u7f51\u5e76\u4e0d\u9650\u5236\u5e26\u5bbd\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4f7f\u7528\u4f53\u9a8c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e0d\u9519\u3002\u7b14\u8005\u5728\u7389\u6cc9\u4f7f\u7528\u6709\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u53f0\u5f0f\u673a\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u5728\u53e4\u7c4d\u9986\u3001\u6ee1\u4eba\u7684\u94f6\u6cc9\u9910\u5385\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u5728\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u4e3a 2560*1600 \u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4ecd\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u548c\u5361\u987f\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6d41\u7545\u529e\u516c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u8499\u6c11\u4f1f\u697c\u7b49\u4e0d\u652f\u6301 WiFi6 \u7684\u573a\u6240\uff0c\u4eba\u6570\u8f83\u591a\u65f6\u6781\u4e3a\u5361\u987f\u3002</p> <p>\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u6700\u5173\u4e4e\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u4e8e\u5e73\u677f\u7aef\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\uff1a\u952e\u76d8\u548c\u9f20\u6807\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f53\u79ef\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5e73\u677f\u7684\u952e\u76d8\u952e\u4f4d\u4e0d\u5168\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e60\u60ef\u4f7f\u7528\u5168\u5c3a\u5bf8\u952e\u76d8\u548c\u5404\u79cd\u5feb\u6377\u952e\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u592a\u53cb\u597d\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u534e\u4e3a Matepad11 \u7684\u952e\u76d8\u53f3\u4fa7 Ctrl \u548c Shift \u662f\u7f3a\u5931\u7684\uff0c\u6309\u5982 Ctrl+` \u8fd9\u7c7b\u5feb\u6377\u952e\u65f6\u5f88\u4e0d\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u952e\u76d8\u5e76\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u8f93\u5165\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7535\u8111\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5148\u7ecf\u8fc7\u534e\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\u6cd5\u518d\u88ab\u53d1\u9001\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8f93\u5165 Ctrl+` \u65f6\u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u5207\u6362\u5230\u82f1\u6587\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u561b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5de5\u4f5c\u5982 Word\uff0cPPT \u90a3\u4e48\u4f7f\u7528\u4f53\u9a8c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u5dee\u522b\u3002</p>"},{"location":"misc/blog/","title":"\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f7f\u7528\u7ecf\u9a8c","text":""},{"location":"misc/blog/#_2","title":"\u642d\u5efa\u56fe\u5e8a","text":"<p>\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599</p> <ul> <li>CSDN\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u642d\u5efa\u56fe\u5e8a + PicGo \u914d\u7f6e + Typora \u603b\u7ed3</li> </ul>"},{"location":"misc/workflow/","title":"\u6211\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41","text":"<p>\u6458\u8981</p> <p>\u672c\u7bc7\u7b14\u8bb0\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u6211\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u6211\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e9b\u53c2\u8003\u5efa\u8bae\u3002</p>"},{"location":"misc/workflow/#_2","title":"\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u8bbe\u5907","text":"\u8bbe\u5907\u5e76\u975e\u8d8a\u591a\u8d8a\u597d <p>\u4e00\u53f0\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u6210\u672c\u5e76\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u8d2d\u4e70\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u5b66\u4e60\u6210\u672c\u3001\u7ef4\u62a4\u6210\u672c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u6210\u672c\u7b49\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6709\u591a\u53f0\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5728\u591a\u53f0\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u3001\u540c\u6b65\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u7ef4\u62a4\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u6210\u672c\u3002\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u6743\u8861\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u591a\u53f0\u8bbe\u5907\u3002</p> <p>\u5207\u8bb0\uff1a\u4e0d\u8981\u521b\u9020\u9700\u6c42\u3002</p> <p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u5b66\u751f\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cWindows \u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\u5404\u79cd\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u652f\u6491\u3002\u5927\u5bb6\u4e00\u822c\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9 Windows \u6e38\u620f\u672c\uff08Windows \u8f7b\u8584\u672c\u76ee\u524d\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u505a\u5230\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u4fbf\u643a\u6027\u517c\u5907\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u539a\u91cd\u7684\u6e38\u620f\u672c\u5e76\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u5916\u5e26\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u90e8\u5206\u540c\u5b66\u4f1a\u518d\u8d2d\u4e70\u4e00\u53f0 MacBook Air \u7528\u4e8e\u65e5\u5e38\u5916\u51fa\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u5e73\u677f\u7528\u5904\u5e76\u4e0d\u5927\uff0c\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u770b\u4e66\u548c\u624b\u5199\u7b14\u8bb0\uff08\u6570\u7406\u5316\u7b49\u5b66\u79d1\uff09\uff0c\u8bf7\u8003\u8651\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u614e\u91cd\u9009\u914d\u3002</p> \u6211\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u642d\u914d\uff1a\u53f0\u5f0f\u673a+\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c+\u5e73\u677f <ul> <li>\u53f0\u5f0f\u673a\uff1a<ul> <li>\u5b89\u88c5 Windows \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u529b\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u3002</li> <li>\u5b89\u88c5 Ubuntu \u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f85\u52a9\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5b66\u4e60\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002</li> <li>\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u5757 exFAT \u683c\u5f0f\u786c\u76d8\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362\u76d8\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d8\u4e0a\u53ea\u5b58\u653e\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u5728\u6570\u636e\u76d8\u4e0a\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e24\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5de5\u4f5c\u72b6\u6001\u4e00\u81f4\u3002</li> <li>\u901a\u8fc7\u8fdc\u7a0b\u684c\u9762\uff0c\u968f\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002</li> <li>\u53cc\u5c4f\u5e55\u3002</li> </ul> </li> <li>MacBook Air M2 (8+256)\uff1a\u65e5\u5e38\u5916\u5e26\u4f7f\u7528\u3002</li> <li>XiaoMi Book Pro 15'6 (2018)\uff1a\u5907\u7528\u673a\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86 Windows \u7cfb\u7edf\u548c Ubuntu \u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e macOS \u65e0\u6cd5\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u73af\u5883\u3002</li> <li>MatePad\uff1a\u65e5\u5e38\u5916\u5e26\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u9605\u8bfb\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u51fa\u95e8\u65f6\u643a\u5e26 MacBook Air \u548c MatePad\uff0c\u56de\u5bbf\u820d\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u53f0\u5f0f\u673a\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u540c\u6b65\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5728\u8bbe\u5907\u95f4\u65e0\u7f1d\u540c\u6b65\u6587\u6863\u3001\u7b14\u8bb0\u7b49\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u6d41\u7545\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002</p> \u5176\u4ed6\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5 <p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u6211\u89c1\u8fc7\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u642d\u914d\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>Windows \u672c + MacBook\uff1a\u4e2a\u4eba\u6bd4\u8f83\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002</li> <li>Windows \u672c + Pad\uff1a\u8fdc\u7a0b\u684c\u9762\u53ef\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u57fa\u672c\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u4f53\u9a8c\u5e76\u4e0d\u8212\u9002\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u4f9d\u8d56\u7f51\u7edc\u3002</li> <li>\u53ea\u7528\u4e00\u53f0\u9ad8\u914d MacBook Pro\uff1a\u80af\u5b9a\u8981\u88c5 Windows \u865a\u62df\u673a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e9b\u6298\u817e\u3002</li> <li>Linux \u7b14\u8bb0\u672c + Linux ITX \u4e3b\u673a\uff1a\u9002\u5408\u6781\u5ba2\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u98ce\u9669\u6781\u5927\uff0c\u6211\u89c1\u8fc7\u6709\u540c\u5b66\u8003\u8bd5\u5468\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u5168\u6302\u4e86\uff08ArchLinux\uff09\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"misc/workflow/#_3","title":"\u6784\u5efa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u7cfb\u7edf","text":"<p>\u505a\u7b14\u8bb0\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5</p> <p>\u5728\u7740\u624b\u6784\u5efa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u7cfb\u7edf\u524d\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u601d\u8003\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1a</p> <ol> <li>\u6211\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u4e60\u60ef\u548c\u601d\u7ef4\u662f\u600e\u6837\u7684\uff1f</li> <li>\u6211\u505a\u7b14\u8bb0\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f</li> </ol> <p>\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u6784\u5efa\u7b14\u8bb0\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u4ee5\u6211\u81ea\u5df1\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff1a</p> <ol> <li>\u6211\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5b66\u79d1\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u4f7f\u7528 Markdown \u683c\u5f0f\u505a\u7b14\u8bb0\u3002\u5b83\u5b66\u4e60\u6210\u672c\u4f4e\uff0c\u6392\u7248\u6548\u679c\u7f8e\u89c2\u3002</li> <li>\u6211\u4e60\u60ef\u4e8e\u7ebf\u6027\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u601d\u7ef4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u7528 VSCode \u8f85\u4ee5 Typora \u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b14\u8bb0\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u6309\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u5bf9\u7b14\u8bb0\u5206\u7c7b\u3002</li> <li>\u6211\u505a\u7b14\u8bb0\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u9664\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u81ea\u5df1\u9057\u5fd8\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u548c\u4ed6\u4eba\u4ea4\u6d41\u3002\u6211\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u5e94\u5f53\u6613\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4eba\u9605\u8bfb\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u7528 Mkdocs \u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b14\u8bb0\u53d1\u5e03\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u7531\u5b83\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6587\u6863\u7f8e\u89c2\u6613\u8bfb\uff0c\u53ef\u5b9a\u5236\u7a0b\u5ea6\u9ad8\u3002</li> </ol> <p>\u6211\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e5f\u5c06\u9488\u5bf9\u6211\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u76ee\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\u4f18\u5316\u3002</p> \u6d45\u8c08 Obsidian \u4f7f\u7528\u4f53\u9a8c <p>\u6211\u66fe\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u7684 Obsidian\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u4e0d\u9519\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a\u53cc\u5411\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u601d\u7ef4\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u65b0\u9896\uff0c\u5404\u7c7b\u63d2\u4ef6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5b9a\u5236\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f46\u6700\u7ec8\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u575a\u6301\u4e0b\u53bb\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4f7f\u5f97\u6211\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u8fc7\u4e8e\u788e\u7247\u5316\u3002\u81f3\u5c11\u76ee\u524d\u5728\u672c\u79d1\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8f83\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u66f4\u52a0\u4e60\u60ef\u4e8e\u7ebf\u6027\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u6784\u5efa\u7ebf\u6027\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u800c Obsidian \u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u601d\u7ef4\u66f4\u52a0\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u788e\u7247\u5316\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8bfb\u4e66\u7b14\u8bb0\u3001\u7075\u611f\u8bb0\u5f55\u7b49\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6211\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u6765\u8bf4\u53cd\u800c\u4f1a\u6253\u4e71\u601d\u7ef4\u3002</p>"},{"location":"misc/workflow/#_4","title":"\u7b14\u8bb0\u8f6f\u4ef6","text":"<p>\u6211\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u57fa\u4e8e Markdown\u3002\u9009\u62e9 Markdown \u505a\u7b14\u8bb0\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u5f88\u591a\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u5e7f\u6cdb\u652f\u6301\uff1a\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u90fd\u652f\u6301 Markdown\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 GitHub \u4e0a\u76f4\u63a5\u663e\u793a\u3002</li> <li>\u7b80\u6d01\u6613\u7528\uff1aMarkdown \u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u61c2\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u6210\u672c\u4f4e\uff0c\u6392\u7248\u6548\u679c\u7f8e\u89c2\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u4e0d\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e Markdown \u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u8f6f\u4ef6 \ud83d\ude45</p> \u4e0d\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u7b14\u8bb0\u8f6f\u4ef6 <p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e Markdown \u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6700\u597d\u53ea\u4f7f\u7528 Markdown \u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5\u3002</p> <p>\u6211\u66fe\u7ecf\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528 Typora\u3001Obsidian\u3001VSCode \u4f5c\u4e3a\u6587\u6863\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff0cMkdocs \u4f5c\u4e3a\u53d1\u5e03\u5de5\u5177\u3002Mkdocs \u548c Obsidian \u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u529f\u80fd\u6700\u591a\u7684\u4e24\u79cd Markdown \u6269\u5c55\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e92\u76f8\u517c\u5bb9\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86 Obsidian Github Publisher\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u81ea\u52a8\u5c06 Obsidian \u5e93\u53d1\u5e03\u4e3a Mkdocs\uff0c\u4f46\u4f7f\u7528\u4f53\u9a8c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u8fbe\u5230\u4ee4\u6211\u6ee1\u610f\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528 Mkdocs admonition \u7684\u5c55\u5f00\u548c\u6298\u53e0\u3002</p> <p>\u5bf9\u6211\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7b14\u8bb0\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u7528\u5904\u5c31\u662f\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u5171\u4eab\u3001\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64 Mkdocs \u7684\u529f\u80fd\u8fdc\u6bd4 Obsidian \u7684\u529f\u80fd\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u6700\u540e\u6211\u653e\u5f03\u4e86 Obsidian \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u529b\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 VSCode \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u529b\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0 Mkdocs \u7684\u7528\u6237\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u65b9\u4fbf\u7f16\u8f91\u3002</p> <p>\u76ee\u524d\u6211\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u53ca\u5176\u529f\u80fd\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>VSCode\uff1a\u4e3b\u529b\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff0c\u7f16\u8f91\u7eaf\u6587\u672c\u4f53\u9a8c\u4e0d\u8f93\u5176\u4ed6\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u3002\u4e0d\u8db3\u5c31\u662f\u8fdb\u884c\u56fe\u7247\u63d2\u5165\u3001\u8868\u683c\u7f16\u8f91\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u5e76\u4e0d\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002</li> <li>Typora\uff1a\u8f85\u52a9\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff0c\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u597d\u7684\u7eaf Markdown \u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4efb\u4f55\u989d\u5916\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u7528\u5b83\u80fd\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u4f60\u5199\u4f5c\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002\u4f60\u80fd\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u7f16\u8f91\u8868\u683c\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u56fe\u7247\u3001\u5bfc\u51fa\u6210\u4f18\u7f8e\u7684 PDF \u6587\u6863\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u6269\u5c55\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e5f\u6b63\u662f\u5b83\u6210\u4e3a\u6700\u597d Markdown \u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u62a5\u544a\u7b49\u6587\u6863\u6211\u90fd\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528 Typora \u64b0\u5199\u5e76\u5bfc\u51fa\u3002</li> <li>Obsidian\uff1a\u7b14\u8bb0\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u79fb\u52a8\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\uff0cObsidian \u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u4f53\u9a8c\u6700\u597d\u7684 Markdown \u7b14\u8bb0\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u3002</li> <li>Mkdocs\uff1a\u7b14\u8bb0\u53d1\u5e03\u5668\u3002</li> </ul> Mkdocs \u7684\u6269\u5c55\u8bed\u6cd5 <p>\u6211\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528 Mkdocs \u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6269\u5c55\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>Admonition\uff1a\u8b66\u544a\u3001\u6ce8\u610f\u3001\u63d0\u793a\u7b49\u3002</li> <li>Code Blocks\uff1a\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u3002<ul> <li>\u5f00\u542f\u4ee3\u7801\u590d\u5236\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u5728 <code>mkdocs.yaml</code> \u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0      <pre><code>theme:\nfeatures:\n- content.code.copy\n</code></pre></li> <li>\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u6807\u9898\uff1a<code>title=\"\u6807\u9898\"</code></li> <li>\u884c\u6570\u548c\u9ad8\u4eae\uff1a<code>linenums=\"1\", hl_lines=\"2 3\"</code>\u3002\u884c\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u4ece 1 \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4f46\u9ad8\u4eae\u884c\u4ece 1 \u5f00\u59cb\u8ba1\u6570\u3002</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d0\u4f9b\u6211\u5728 VSCode \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\uff1a</p> snippets markdown.json<pre><code>\"mkdocs-admonition\": {\n\"prefix\": \"mk-admonition\",\n\"body\": [\n\"&lt;!-- prettier-ignore-start --&gt;\",\n\"${1|!!!,???,???+|} ${2|note,abstract,info,tip,success,question,warning,failure,danger,bug,example,quote|} \\\"${3:title}\\\"\",\n\"\",\n\"    ${4:text}\",\n\"&lt;!-- prettier-ignore-end --&gt;\"\n],\n\"description\": \"mkdocs-admonition\",\n},\n\"mkdocs-codeblock\": {\n\"prefix\": \"mk-codeblock\",\n\"body\": [\n\"```${1:format}${2: title=\\\"${3}\\\"}${4: linenums=\\\"${5:1}\\\"}${6: hl_lines=\\\"${7}\\\"}\",\n\"${8:code}\",\n\"```\"\n],\n\"description\": \"mkdocs-codeblock\"\n},\n\"mkdocs-tabs\": {\n\"prefix\": \"mk-tab\",\n\"body\": [\n\"&lt;!-- prettier-ignore-start --&gt;\",\n\"=== \\\"$1\\\"\",\n\"    $2\",\n\"=== \\\"$3\\\"\",\n\"    $4\",\n\"&lt;!-- prettier-ignore-end --&gt;\"\n],\n\"description\": \"mkdocs-tabs\"\n}\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"misc/workflow/#_5","title":"\u7b14\u8bb0\u7ba1\u7406","text":"<p>\u6211\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a Obsidian \u4ed3\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u6240\u6709\u7b14\u8bb0\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d Mkdocs \u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a Git \u4ed3\u533a\u5d4c\u5957\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a Obsidian \u5e93\u4f7f\u7528\u540c\u6b65\u8f6f\u4ef6\u540c\u6b65\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u53bb\uff1a</p> <pre><code>ObsidianRepository\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 Mkdocs\n\u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 .git\n\u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 docs\n\u2502   \u2514\u2500\u2500 mkdocs.yml\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 weekly\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 Archive\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 Doing\n\u2514\u2500\u2500 .obsidian\n</code></pre>"},{"location":"misc/workflow/#_6","title":"\u56fe\u7247\u4e0e\u9644\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406","text":"<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e5f\u56f0\u6270\u4e86\u6211\u633a\u4e45\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u592a\u60f3\u628a\u56fe\u7247\u653e\u5728\u4ed3\u5e93\u91cc\uff0c\u611f\u89c9\u90a3\u6837\u4f1a\u6c61\u67d3 Git \u4ed3\u5e93\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u56fe\u5e8a\u3002\u5728\u56fe\u7247\u91cf\u4e0d\u591a\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u624b\u52a8\u628a\u56fe\u7247\u653e\u5230\u6211\u7684 CDN \u4e0a\uff0c\u7b49\u56fe\u7247\u91cf\u8f83\u5927\u65f6\u6211\u518d\u53bb\u5b66\u4e60\u5982\u4f55\u642d\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fe\u5e8a\u3002</p> \u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5 <ul> <li>xg\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u7684 <code>assets/images</code> \u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u5b58\u50a8\u56fe\u7247\uff0c\u56fe\u7247\u62e5\u6709\u5728 <code>docs</code> \u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002</li> <li>Isshiki\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7b14\u8bb0\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u9644\u4ef6\u548c\u7b14\u8bb0\u4e00\u8d77\u5b58\u5728\u91cc\u9762\u3002</li> </ul> <p>\u5c0f\u6280\u5de7</p> <ul> <li>\u4f7f\u7528 mkdocs-glightbox \u80fd\u591f\u589e\u5f3a\u56fe\u7247\u6d4f\u89c8\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002</li> </ul>"},{"location":"misc/workflow/#_7","title":"\u6587\u4ef6\u540c\u6b65","text":"<p>\u6211\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u5f88\u591a\uff1a\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u3001\u53f0\u5f0f\u673a\u3001\u624b\u673a\u3001\u5e73\u677f\u3002\u6211\u7684\u6587\u6863\u3001\u7b14\u8bb0\u3001\u4e66\u672c\u3001\u76f8\u7247\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u7b49\u8d44\u6e90\u9700\u8981\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bbe\u5907\u4e4b\u95f4\u540c\u6b65\uff0c\u968f\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u9605\uff0c\u5e76\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6d41\u7545\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002</p> <p>\u6211\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8de8\u8bbe\u5907\u540c\u6b65\u8f6f\u4ef6\u662f Syncthing\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u3001\u53bb\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5316\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540c\u6b65\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u4e4b\u95f4\u540c\u6b65\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002</p> <p>\u8de8\u7ec8\u7aef\u540c\u6b65\u6587\u4ef6\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u975e\u5e38\u591a\u9ebb\u70e6\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6765\u6e90\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u6bd4\u5982 macOS \u70e6\u4eba\u7684 <code>.DS_Store</code> \u6587\u4ef6\uff0cWindows \u7684 <code>Thumbs.db</code> \u6587\u4ef6\uff0cLinux \u7684 <code>.directory</code> \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5404\u79cd\u9690\u85cf\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u4f1a\u6c61\u67d3 Git \u4ed3\u5e93\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u540c\u6b65\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e0d\u5728\u610f\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u9020\u6210\u591a\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5728\u540c\u6b65\u4ee3\u7801\u6587\u4ef6\u548c Git \u4ed3\u5e93\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u975e\u5e38\u591a\u7684\u56f0\u6270\u3002</p>"},{"location":"misc/workflow/#syncthing-git","title":"\u4f7f\u7528 Syncthing \u540c\u6b65 Git \u4ed3\u5e93","text":"<p>\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u4ea7\u751f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u4ea7\u751f\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u65e0\u7528\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u4e24\u90e8\u64cd\u4f5c\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\uff1a</p> <ul> <li>\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u7684\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u90fd\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a 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@@ -260,6 +265,11 @@
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+    <url>
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+         <lastmod>2023-07-05</lastmod>
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     <url>
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