Installation Instructions

CMake the preferred build system going forwards. The Windows Visual Studio solution has been removed, and the Autotools build system will likely be removed in the near future.

Known Issues / To-do:

LLVM bytecode runtime support.
- Presently only the bytecode intepreter is supported. LLVM is preferable because it is faster. This task also requires updating to use a modern version of LLVM. Currently ClamAV is limited to LLVM 3.6.
- The built-in LLVM runtime is not supported in the CMake tooling with no plans to add support. It will likely be removed when system-LLVM support is updated.
Complete the MAINTAINER_MODE option to generate jsparse files with GPerf.

Table Of Contents

Installation Instructions

CMake Basics

Build requirements

CMake 3.14+
A C compiler toolchain such as gcc, clang, or Microsoft Visual Studio.
Python 3 (to run the test suite)

Optional build requirements (Maintainer-Mode)

GPerf, Flex and Bison. On Windows, choco install winflexbison.

Important: The following instructions assume that you have created a build subdirectory and that subsequent commands are performed from said directory, like so:

mkdir build && cd build

Basic Release build & system install

cmake .. -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE="Release"
cmake --build . --config Release
sudo cmake --build . --config Release --target install

Basic Debug build

In CMake, "Debug" builds mean that symbols are compiled in.

cmake .. -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE="Debug"
cmake --build . --config Debug

You will likely also wish to disable compiler/linker optimizations, which you can do like so, using our custom OPTIMIZE option:

cmake .. -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE="Debug" -D OPTIMIZE=OFF
cmake --build . --config Debug

Tip: CMake provides four build configurations which you can set using the CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE variable or the --config (-C) command line option. These are:

Debug
Release
MinSizeRel
RelWithDebInfo

For multi-config generators, such as "Visual Studio" and "Ninja Multi-Config", you should not specify the config when you initially configure the project but you will need to specify the config when you build the project and when running ctest or cpack.

For single-config generators, such as "Make" or "Ninja", you will need to specify the config when you configure the project, and should not specify the config when you build the project or run ctest.

Build and install to a specific install location (prefix)

cmake -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:PATH=install ..
cmake --build . --target install --config Release

Build using Ninja

This build uses Ninja (ninja-build) instead of Make. It's really fast.

cmake .. -G Ninja
cmake --build . --config Release

Build and run tests

The option to build and run tests is enabled by default, which requires that you provide libcheck (i.e. check, check-devel, check-dev, etc).

If you're building with ENABLE_LIBCLAMAV_ONLY=ON or ENABLE_APP=OFF, then libcheck will still be required and you can still run the tests, but it will skip all app tests and only run the libclamav unit tests.

If you wish to disable test support, then configure with -D ENABLE_TESTS=OFF.

-V: Verbose
-C <config>: Specify build configuration (i.e. Debug / Release), required for Windows builds

cmake ..
cmake --build . --config Release
ctest -C Release -V

Custom CMake options

The following CMake options can be selected by using -D. For example:

cmake .. -D ENABLE_EXAMPLES
cmake --build . --config Debug

APP_CONFIG_DIRECTORY: App Config directory.

Default: Windows: {prefix}, POSIX: {prefix}/etc
DATABASE_DIRECTORY: Database directory.

Default: Windows: {prefix}/database, POSIX: {prefix}/share/clamav
CLAMAV_USER: ClamAV User (POSIX-only).

Default: clamav
CLAMAV_GROUP: ClamAV Group (POSIX-only).

Default: clamav
MMAP_FOR_CROSSCOMPILING: Force MMAP support for cross-compiling.

Default: OFF
DISABLE_MPOOL: Disable mpool support entirely.

Default: OFF
BYTECODE_RUNTIME: Bytecode Runtime, may be: llvm, interpreter, none.

Default: interpreter
OPTIMIZE: Allow compiler optimizations (eg. -O3). Set to OFF to disable them (-O0).

Default: ON
ENABLE_WERROR: Compile time warnings will cause build failures (i.e. -Werror)

Default: OFF
ENABLE_ALL_THE_WARNINGS: By default we use -Wall -Wextra -Wformat-security for clamav libs and apps. This option enables a whole lot more.

Default: OFF
ENABLE_DEBUG: Turn on extra debug output.

Default: OFF
ENABLE_FUZZ: Build statically linked fuzz targets and nothing else. This feature is for fuzzing with OSS-Fuzz and reproducing fuzz bug reports and requires the following environment variables to be set:
- CC = which clang
- CXX = which clang++
- SANITIZER = "address" or "undefined" or "memory"
Default: OFF
ENABLE_EXTERNAL_MSPACK: Use external mspack instead of internal libclammspack.

Default: OFF
ENABLE_JSON_SHARED: Prefer linking with libjson-c shared library instead of static.

Important: Please set this to OFF if you're an application developer that uses a different JSON library in your app OR if you provide libclamav that others may use in their apps. If you link libclamav with the json-c shared library then downstream applications which use a different JSON library may crash!

Default: ON
ENABLE_APP: Build applications (clamscan, clamd, clamdscan, sigtool, clambc, clamdtop, clamsubmit, clamconf).

Default: ON
ENABLE_CLAMONACC: (Linux-only) Build the clamonacc on-access scanning daemon. Requires: ENABLE_APP

Default: ON
ENABLE_MILTER: (Posix-only) Build the clamav-milter mail filter daemon. Requires: ENABLE_APP

Default: OFF for Mac & Windows, ON for Linux/Unix
ENABLE_UNRAR: Build & install libclamunrar (UnRAR) and libclamunrar_iface.

Default: ON
ENABLE_MAN_PAGES: Generate man pages.

Default: OFF
ENABLE_DOXYGEN: Generate doxygen HTML documentation for clamav.h, libfreshclam.h. Requires doxygen.

Default: OFF
ENABLE_EXAMPLES: Build examples.

Default: OFF
ENABLE_TESTS: Build examples.

Default: ON
ENABLE_LIBCLAMAV_ONLY: Build libclamav only. Excludes libfreshclam too!

Default: OFF
ENABLE_STATIC_LIB: Build libclamav and/or libfreshclam static libraries.

Tip: If you wish to build clamscan and the other apps statically, you must also set ENABLE_SHARED_LIB=OFF.

Default: OFF
ENABLE_SHARED_LIB: Build libclamav and/or libfreshclam shared libraries.

Default: ON
ENABLE_SYSTEMD: Install systemd service files if systemd is found.

Default: ON
MAINTAINER_MODE: Generate Yara lexer and grammar C source with Flex & Bison. TODO: Also generate JS parse source with Gperf.

Default: OFF
SYSTEMD_UNIT_DIR: Install systemd service files to a specific directory. This will fail the build if systemd not found.

Default: not set

Custom Library Paths

Example Build Commands

Linux release build, install to system

This example sets the build generator to Ninja instead of using Make, for speed. You may need to first use apt/dnf/pkg to install ninja-build

cmake .. -G Ninja \
  -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release \
  -D ENABLE_JSON_SHARED=OFF
ninja
sudo ninja install

macOS debug build, custom OpenSSL path, build examples, local install

For macOS builds, we recommend using Homebrew to install the build tools, such as cmake, flex, bison, as well as ClamAV's library dependencies.

Note that explicit paths for OpenSSL are requires so as to avoid using an older OpenSSL install provided by the operating system.

This example also:

Sets the build generator to Ninja instead of using Make.
- You may need to first use brew to install ninja.
Sets build config to "Debug" and explicitly disables compiler optimizations.
Builds static libraries (and also shared libraries, which are on by default).
Builds the example programs, just to test them out.
Sets the install path (prefix) to ./install.

cmake .. -G Ninja                                                             \
  -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug                                                    \
  -D OPTIMIZE=OFF                                                              \
  -D ENABLE_JSON_SHARED=OFF                                                    \
  -D OPENSSL_ROOT_DIR=/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/                              \
  -D OPENSSL_CRYPTO_LIBRARY=/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/lib/libcrypto.1.1.dylib \
  -D OPENSSL_SSL_LIBRARY=/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/lib/libssl.1.1.dylib       \
  -D ENABLE_STATIC_LIB=ON                                                      \
  -D ENABLE_EXAMPLES=ON                                                        \
  -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=install
ninja
ninja install

Windows builds

At a minimum you will need Visual Studio 2015 or newer, and CMake. If you want to build the installer, you'll also need WiX Toolset.

If you're using Chocolatey, you can install CMake and WiX simply like this:

choco install cmake wixtoolset

Then open a new terminal so that CMake and WiX will be in your $PATH. The following commands for building on Windows are written for Powershell.

There are two options for building and supplying the library dependencies. These are Mussels and vcpkg.

Mussels is an open source project developed in-house by the ClamAV team. It offers great flexibility for defining your own collections (cookbooks) of build instructions (recipes) instead of solely relying on a centralized repository of ports. And unlike vcpkg, Mussels does not implement CMake build tooling for projects that don't support CMake, but instead leverages whatever build system is provided by the project. This means that Mussels builds may require installing additional tools, like NMake and ActivePerl rather than simply requiring CMake. The advantage is that you'll be building those projects the same way that those developers intended, and that Mussels recipes are generally very light weight. Mussels has some sharp edges because it's a newer and much smaller project than vcpkg.

Vcpkg is an open source project developed by Microsoft and is heavily oriented towards CMake projects. Vcpkg offers a very large collection of "ports" for almost any project you may need to build. It is very easy to get started with vcpkg.

Mussels is the preferred tool to supply the library dependencies at least until such time as the vcpkg Debug-build libclamav unit test heap-corruption crash is resolved (see below).

Windows build (with Mussels)

Much like vcpkg, Mussels can be used to automatically build the ClamAV library dependencies. Unlike vcpkg, Mussels does not provide a mechanism for CMake to automatically detect the library paths.

Preprequisites:

To build the library dependencies with Mussels, use Python's pip package manager to install Mussels:

python3 -m pip install mussels

Update the Mussels cookbooks to get the latest build recipes and set the clamav cookbook to be trusted:

msl update
msl cookbook trust clamav

Use msl list if you wish to see the recipes provided by the clamav cookbook.

Building the libraries and ClamAV:

Build the clamav_deps recipe to compile ClamAV's library dependencies. By default, Mussels will install them to ~\.mussels\install\<target>

msl build clamav_deps

Next, set $env:CLAMAV_DEPENDENCIES to the location where Mussels built your library dependencies:

$env:CLAMAV_DEPENDENCIES="$env:userprofile\.mussels\install\x64"

To configure the project, run:

cmake ..  -G "Visual Studio 15 2017" -A x64 `
  -D JSONC_INCLUDE_DIR="$env:CLAMAV_DEPENDENCIES\include\json-c"         `
  -D JSONC_LIBRARY="$env:CLAMAV_DEPENDENCIES\lib\json-c.lib"             `
  -D ENABLE_JSON_SHARED=OFF                                              `
  -D BZIP2_INCLUDE_DIR="$env:CLAMAV_DEPENDENCIES\include"                `
  -D BZIP2_LIBRARY_RELEASE="$env:CLAMAV_DEPENDENCIES\lib\libbz2.lib"     `
  -D CURL_INCLUDE_DIR="$env:CLAMAV_DEPENDENCIES\include"                 `
  -D CURL_LIBRARY="$env:CLAMAV_DEPENDENCIES\lib\libcurl_imp.lib"         `
  -D OPENSSL_ROOT_DIR="$env:CLAMAV_DEPENDENCIES"                         `
  -D OPENSSL_INCLUDE_DIR="$env:CLAMAV_DEPENDENCIES\include"              `
  -D OPENSSL_CRYPTO_LIBRARY="$env:CLAMAV_DEPENDENCIES\lib\libcrypto.lib" `
  -D OPENSSL_SSL_LIBRARY="$env:CLAMAV_DEPENDENCIES\lib\libssl.lib"       `
  -D ZLIB_LIBRARY="$env:CLAMAV_DEPENDENCIES\lib\libssl.lib"              `
  -D LIBXML2_INCLUDE_DIR="$env:CLAMAV_DEPENDENCIES\include"              `
  -D LIBXML2_LIBRARY="$env:CLAMAV_DEPENDENCIES\lib\libxml2.lib"          `
  -D PCRE2_INCLUDE_DIR="$env:CLAMAV_DEPENDENCIES\include"                `
  -D PCRE2_LIBRARY="$env:CLAMAV_DEPENDENCIES\lib\pcre2-8.lib"            `
  -D CURSES_INCLUDE_DIR="$env:CLAMAV_DEPENDENCIES\include"               `
  -D CURSES_LIBRARY="$env:CLAMAV_DEPENDENCIES\lib\pdcurses.lib"          `
  -D PThreadW32_INCLUDE_DIR="$env:CLAMAV_DEPENDENCIES\include"           `
  -D PThreadW32_LIBRARY="$env:CLAMAV_DEPENDENCIES\lib\pthreadVC2.lib"    `
  -D ZLIB_INCLUDE_DIR="$env:CLAMAV_DEPENDENCIES\include"                 `
  -D ZLIB_LIBRARY="$env:CLAMAV_DEPENDENCIES\lib\zlibstatic.lib"          `
  -D LIBCHECK_INCLUDE_DIR="$env:CLAMAV_DEPENDENCIES\include"             `
  -D LIBCHECK_LIBRARY="$env:CLAMAV_DEPENDENCIES\lib\checkDynamic.lib"    `
  -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX="install"

Now, go ahead and build the project:

cmake --build . --config Release

Tip: If you're having include-path issues when building, try building with detailed verbosity so you can verify that the paths are correct:

cmake --build . --config Release -- /verbosity:detailed

You can run the test suite with CTest:

ctest -C Release

And you can install to the install (set above) like this:

cmake --build . --config Release --target install

Windows build (with vcpkg)

vcpkg can be used to build the ClamAV library dependencies automatically.

vcpkg integrates really well with CMake, enabling CMake to find your compiled libraries automatically, so you don't have to specify the include & library paths manually as you do when using Mussels.

DISCLAIMER: There is a known issue with the unit tests when building with vcpkg in Debug mode. When you run the libclamav unit tests (check_clamav), the program will crash and a popup will claim there was heap corruption. If you use Task Manager to kill the check_clamav.exe process, the rest of the tests pass just fine. This issue does not occur when using Mussels to supply the library dependencies. Commenting out the following lines in readdb.c resolves the heap corruption crash when running check_clamav, but of course introduces a memory leak:

    if (engine->stats_data)
        free(engine->stats_data);

If anyone has time to figure out the real cause of the vcpkg Debug-build crash in check_clamav, it would be greatly appreciated.

Preprequisites:

You'll need to install vcpkg. See the vcpkg README for installation instructions.

Once installed, set the variable $VCPKG_PATH to the location where you installed vcpkg:

$VCPKG_PATH="..." # Path to your vcpkg installation

By default, CMake and vcpkg build for 32-bit. If you want to build for 64-bit, set the VCPKG_DEFAULT_TRIPLET environment variable:

$env:VCPKG_DEFAULT_TRIPLET="x64-windows"

Building the libraries and ClamAV:

Next, use vcpkg to build the required library dependencies:

& "$VCPKG_PATH\vcpkg" install 'curl[openssl]' 'json-c' 'libxml2' 'pcre2' 'pthreads' 'zlib' 'pdcurses' 'bzip2' 'check'

Now configure the ClamAV build using the CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE variable which will enable CMake to automatically find the libraries we built with vcpkg.

cmake .. -A x64 `
  -D CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE="$VCPKG_PATH\scripts\buildsystems\vcpkg.cmake" `
  -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX="install"

Tip: You have to drop the -A x64 arguments if you're building for 32-bits, and correct the package paths accordingly.

Now, go ahead and build the project:

cmake --build . --config Release

You can run the test suite with CTest:

ctest -C Release

And you can install to the install directory (set above) like this:

cmake --build . --config Release --target install

Build the Installer

To build the installer, you must have WIX Toolset installed. If you're using Chocolatey, you can install it simply with choco install wixtoolset and then open a new terminal so that WIX will be in your PATH.

cpack -C Release

External Depedencies

The CMake tooling is good about finding installed dependencies on POSIX systems.

Important: Linux users will want the "-dev" or "-devel" package variants which include C headers. For macOS, Homebrew doesn't separate the headers.

libclamav dependencies

App developers that only need libclamav can use the -D ENABLE_LIBCLAMAV_ONLY option to bypass ClamAV app dependencies.

libclamav requires these library dependencies:

bzip2
zlib
libxml2
libpcre2
openssl
json-c
iconv (POSIX-only, may be provided by system)
pthreads (Provided by the system on POSIX; Use pthreads-win32 on Windows)
llvm (optional, _see Bytecode Runtime)

libfreshclam dependencies

If you want libclamav and libfreshclam for your app, then use the -D ENABLE_APP=OFF option instead.

libfreshclam adds these additional library dependencies:

libcurl

Application dependencies

For regular folk who want the ClamAV apps, you'll also need:

ncurses (or pdcurses), for clamdtop.
systemd, so clamd, freshclam, clamonacc may run as a systemd service (Linux).
libsystemd, so clamd will support the clamd.ctl socket (Linux).

Dependency build options

If you have custom install paths for the dependencies on your system or are on Windows, you may need to use the following options...

`libcheck`

  -D LIBCHECK_ROOT_DIR="_path to libcheck install root_"
  -D LIBCHECK_INCLUDE_DIR="_filepath of libcheck header directory_"
  -D LIBCHECK_LIBRARY="_filepath of libcheck library_"

`bzip2`

  -D BZIP2_INCLUDE_DIR="_filepath of bzip2 header directory_"
  -D BZIP2_LIBRARIES="_filepath of bzip2 library_"

`zlib`

  -D ZLIB_INCLUDE_DIR="_filepath of zlib header directory_"
  -D ZLIB_LIBRARY="_filepath of zlib library_"

`libxml2`

  -D LIBXML2_INCLUDE_DIR="_filepath of libxml2 header directory_"
  -D LIBXML2_LIBRARY="_filepath of libxml2 library_"

`libpcre2`

  -D PCRE2_INCLUDE_DIR="_filepath of libpcre2 header directory_"
  -D PCRE2_LIBRARY="_filepath of libcpre2 library_"

`openssl` (`libcrypto`, `libssl`)

  -D OPENSSL_ROOT_DIR="_path to openssl install root_"
  -D OPENSSL_INCLUDE_DIR="_filepath of openssl header directory_"
  -D OPENSSL_CRYPTO_LIBRARY="_filepath of libcrypto library_"
  -D OPENSSL_SSL_LIBRARY="_filepath of libssl library_"

`libjson-c`

Tip: You're strongly encouraged to link with the a static json-c library.

  -D JSONC_INCLUDE_DIR="_path to json-c header directory_"
  -D JSONC_LIBRARY="_filepath of json-c library_"

`libmspack`

These options only apply if you use the -D ENABLE_EXTERNAL_MSPACK=ON option.

  -D MSPack_INCLUDE_DIR="_path to mspack header directory_"
  -D MSPack_LIBRARY="_filepath of libmspack library_"

`iconv` (POSIX-only)

On POSIX platforms, iconv might be part of the C library in which case you would not want to specify an external iconv library.

  -D Iconv_INCLUDE_DIR="_path to iconv header directory_"
  -D Iconv_LIBRARY="_filepath of iconv library_"

`pthreads-win32` (Windows-only)

On POSIX platforms, pthread support is detected automatically. On Windows, you need to specify the following:

  -D PThreadW32_INCLUDE_DIR="_path to pthread-win32 header directory_"
  -D PThreadW32_LIBRARY="_filepath of pthread-win32 library_"

`llvm` (optional, see "Bytecode Runtime" section)

  -D BYTECODE_RUNTIME="llvm"
  -D LLVM_ROOT_DIR="_path to llvm install root_" -D LLVM_FIND_VERSION="3.6.0"

`libcurl`

  -D CURL_INCLUDE_DIR="_path to curl header directory_"
  -D CURL_LIBRARY="_filepath of curl library_"

`ncurses` or `pdcurses`, for `clamdtop`

  -D CURSES_INCLUDE_DIR="_path to curses header directory_"
  -D CURSES_LIBRARY="_filepath of curses library_"

Bytecode Runtime

Bytecode signatures are a type of executable plugin that provide extra detection capabilities.

ClamAV has two bytecode runtimes:

LLVM: LLVM is the preferred runtime.

With LLVM, ClamAV JIT compiles bytecode signatures at database load time. Bytecode signature execution is faster with LLVM.
Interpreter: The bytecode interpreter is an option on systems where a a supported LLVM version is not available.

With the interpreter, signature database (re)loads are faster, but execution time is slower.

At the moment, the interpreter is the default runtime, while we work out compatibility issues with libLLVM. This default equates to:

cmake .. -D BYTECODE_RUNTIME="interpreter"

To build using LLVM instead of the intereter, use:

cmake .. \
  -D BYTECODE_RUNTIME="llvm"       \
  -D LLVM_ROOT_DIR="/opt/llvm/3.6" \
  -D LLVM_FIND_VERSION="3.6.0"

To disable bytecode signature support entirely, you may build with this option:

cmake .. -D BYTECODE_RUNTIME="none"

Compilers and Options

TODO: Describe how to customize compiler toolchain with CMake.

Compiling For Multiple Architectures

TODO: Describe how to cross-compile with CMake.

Files

INSTALL.cmake.md

Latest commit

History