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Developers documentation

Table of contents

Building QM rpm manually with changes

Building QM locally with changes for tests is a recommended practice, especially for testing new features before submitting a pull request.

1. Clone the repo

git clone https://github.com/containers/qm.git

2. Change the Version macro in the spec file

Set the QM version to a higher number from the current one. For example, if today's QM version is 0.6.2, set it to 1.0 so that the RPM created is identifiable as yours.

Use the following sed command to change the default Version (0, used for automation) to the new version (1.0):

sed -i 's/Version: 0/Version: 1.0/g' qm.spec

3. Execute the changes

Make necessary changes using your preferred editor (e.g., vi/emacs).

4. Build the RPM

VERSION=1.0 make rpm

The rpm is created at the ${RPM_TOPDIR}/RPMS folder, by default ${PWD}/rpmbuild/RPMS. You can export RPM_TOPDIR to change the path where the rpm will be placed. For example:

VERSION=1.0 RPM_TOPDIR=/USER/rpmbuild make rpm

Building CentOS AutoSD and QM manually

During development, it is common to conduct integration tests to ensure your changes work well with other components within the overall solution. In our case, it's best to test against the CentOS Automotive Stream Distribution (AutoSD) image.

Once you have the new RPM, follow these steps:

1. Make sure the new rpm is located in /USER/rpmbuild/RPMS/

Example

ls /root/rpmbuild/RPMS/noarch/qm-1.0-1.noarch.rpm
/root/rpmbuild/RPMS/noarch/qm-1.0-1.noarch.rpm

2. Create a local repository with the new package

dnf install createrepo_c -y
cd /root/rpmbuild/RPMS/
createrepo .

3. Clone the CentOS Automotive distro for the build

Ensure you meet the requirements for the CentOS Automotive Stream by referring to this link.

The following commands will execute:

  • Cleanups before a fresh build
  • Remove old qcow2 images used (regular and ostree)
  • Finally creates a new image (BASED ON target name, ostree or regular) NOTE:
    • The path for the new QM rpm file (/root/rpmbuild/RPMS/noarch)
    • extra_rpms - useful for debug (do not use spaces between packages or will break)
    • ssh enabled
dnf install podman -y && dnf clean all
git clone https://gitlab.com/CentOS/automotive/sample-images.git
git submodule update --init
cd sample-images/
rm -rf _build
rm -f cs9-qemu-qmcontainer-regular.x86_64.qcow2
rm -f cs9-qemu-qmcontainer-ostree.x86_64.qcow2
./build --distro cs9 --target qemu --define 'extra_repos=[{\"id\":\"local\",\"baseurl\":\"file:///root/rpmbuild/RPMS/noarch\"}]' --define 'extra_rpms=[\"qm-1.0\",\"vim-enhanced\",\"strace\",\"dnf\",\"gdb\",\"polkit\",\"rsync\",\"python3\",\"openssh-server\",\"openssh-clients\"]' --define 'ssh_permit_root_login=true' --define 'ssh_permit_password_auth=true' cs9-qemu-qmcontainer-regular.x86_64.qcow2

Run the virtual machine, default user: root, pass: password. To change default values, use the defaults.ipp.yml file.

./runvm --nographics ./cs9-qemu-qm-minimal-regular.x86_64.qcow2

Useful Commands

Installing software inside QM partition

dnf --installroot /usr/lib/qm/rootfs/ install vim -y

Removing software inside QM partition

dnf --installroot /usr/lib/qm/rootfs/ remove vim -y

Copying files to QM partition

Please note: This process is only applicable for regular images. OSTree images are read-only, and any files must be included during the build process.

Once this is understood, proceed by executing the following command on the host after the QM package has been installed.

#host> cp file_to_be_copied /usr/lib/qm/rootfs/root
#host> podman exec -it qm bash
bash-5.1> ls /root
file_to_be_copied

Listing QM service

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status qm -l
● qm.service
     Loaded: loaded (/usr/share/containers/systemd/qm.container; generated)
     Active: active (running) since Sun 2024-04-28 22:12:28 UTC; 12s
ago
   Main PID: 354 (conmon)
      Tasks: 7 (limit: 7772)
     Memory: 82.1M (swap max: 0B)
        CPU: 945ms
     CGroup: /QM.slice/qm.service
             ├─libpod-payload-a83253ae278d7394cb38e975535590d71de90a41157b547040
4abd6311fd8cca
             │ ├─init.scope
             │ │ └─356 /sbin/init
             │ └─system.slice
             │   ├─bluechi-agent.service
             │   │ └─396 /usr/libexec/bluechi-agent
             │   ├─dbus-broker.service
             │   │ ├─399 /usr/bin/dbus-broker-launch --scope system
--audit
             │   │ └─401 dbus-broker --log 4 --controller 9 --machin
e-id a83253ae278d7394cb38e975535590d7 --max-bytes 536870912 --max-fds 4096 --max
-matches 16384 --audit

List QM container via podman

# podman ps
CONTAINER ID  IMAGE       COMMAND     CREATED         STATUS         PORTS       NAMES
a83253ae278d              /sbin/init  38 seconds ago  Up 38 seconds              qm

Connecting to QM container via podman

# podman exec -it qm bash
bash-5.1#

SSH guest CentOS Automotive Stream Distro

Make sure the CentOS Automotive Stream Distro Virtual Machine/Container is running with SSHD enabled and permits ssh connection from root user.

Add PermitRootLogin yes into sshd_config

host> vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config

Restart systemctl restart sshd

host> systemctl restart sshd

Find the port the ssh is listening in the VM

host> netstat -na |more # Locate the port (2222 or 2223, etc)

Example connecting from the terminal to the Virtual Machine:

connect-to-VM-via-SSH> ssh [email protected] \
    -p 2222 \
    -oStrictHostKeyChecking=no \
    -oUserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null

Check if HOST and Container are using different network namespace

HOST

[root@localhost ~]# ls -l /proc/self/ns/net
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 0 May  1 04:33 /proc/self/ns/net -> 'net:[4026531840]'

QM

bash-5.1# ls -l /proc/self/ns/net
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 0 May  1 04:33 /proc/self/ns/net -> 'net:[4026532287]'

Debugging with podman in QM

bash-5.1# podman --root /usr/share/containers/storage pull alpine
Error: creating runtime static files directory "/usr/share/containers/storage/libpod":
mkdir /usr/share/containers/storage: read-only file system