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go CLI.md

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go CLI

参考：

https://golang.org/doc/cmd

通用参数

  • -n

    打印将要运行的命令，但是不执行

  • -x

    打印将要运行的命令并执行

go build

编译包和依赖，只有在目录中有main包才会编译

syntax：go build [-o output] [build flags] [packages]

如果没有指定packages默认以当前目录编译，在当前目录生成以目录为名的二进制文件

go clean

清除编译的二进制文件或压缩文件

syntax：go clean [clean flags] [build flags] [packages]

go run

编译并运行文件(==但是不会保留编译的文件==)

syntax：go run [build flags] package

==注意，go run 必须指明package或main入口函数==

D:\workspace_for_go\learn\src\2.编译>go run 2.编译
hello world

D:\workspace_for_go\learn\src\2.编译>go run TestCompile.go
hello world

D:\workspace_for_go\learn\src\2.编译>type TestCompile.go
package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
        fmt.Print("hello world")
}

go generate

go generate 扫描文件，找到//go:generate command argument并执行command

//go:generate echo 你好
//go:generate go run
//go:generate echo $GOPATH
func main() {
	fmt.Print("hello world")
}

输出
你好
hello world

go install

编译并安装包，文件会被安装在$GOPATH/bin中

syntax：go install [build flags] [packages]

当没有带packages，go install 默认对当前包编译并安装，使用如下命令来查看具体调用的命令。通过echo %GOPATH%查看当前项目的GOPATH

go install -n

go get

添加依赖到当前模块并安装

syntax：go get [-d] [-t] [-u] [-v] [-insecure] [build flags] [packages]

To add a dependency for a package or upgrade it to its latest version:

go get example.com/pkg

To upgrade or downgrade a package to a specific version:

go get example.com/[email protected]

To remove a dependency on a module and downgrade modules that require it:

go get example.com/mod@none

go vet

用来检验代码里的错误

D:\workspace_for_go\learn\src\2.编译>type TestCompile.go
package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
        str := "hello world!"
        fmt.Printf("%d\n", str)
}

D:\workspace_for_go\learn\src\2.编译>go vet
# 2.编译
.\TestCompile.go:7:2: Printf format %d has arg str of wrong type string

go test

运行测试代码并校验

D:\workspace_for_go\learn\src\test>type main.go
package main

func Method(text string) string {
        return text
}

D:\workspace_for_go\learn\src\test>type main_test.go
package main
import "testing"

func TestMethod(t *testing.T)  {
        if "hello" != Method("hello") {
                panic("error")
        }
}

D:\workspace_for_go\learn\src\test>go test
PASS
ok      test    0.502s

go doc

获取指定包，方法或属性的描述

go doc fmt
go doc fmt.print
go doc fmt.

go env

获取当前GO的环境变量，或通过-w设置变量值

go env -w GO111MODULE=on

go fix

更新指定包的api

syntax：go fix [packages]