|String| -> Iterator
Returns an iterator that yields a series of integers representing the bytes contained in the string data.
print! 'Hëy!'.bytes().to_tuple()
check! (72, 195, 171, 121, 33)
|String| -> Iterator
Returns an iterator that yields the string's characters as strings.
A 'character' in Koto is defined as being a unicode grapheme cluster.
Note that this is the default iteration behaviour for a string, so calling
'hello'.chars() is equivalent to calling iterator.iter('hello').
print! 'Héllø! 👋'.chars().to_tuple()
check! ('H', 'é', 'l', 'l', 'ø', '!', ' ', '👋')
|String| -> Iterator
Returns an iterator that yields the indices of each grapheme cluster in the string.
Each cluster is represented as a range, which can then be used to extract the cluster from the string via indexing.
print! 'Hi 👋'.char_indices().to_tuple()
check! (0..1, 1..2, 2..3, 3..7)
|String, String| -> Bool
Returns true if the second provided string is a sub-string of the first.
print! 'xyz'.contains 'abc'
check! false
print! 'xyz'.contains 'yz'
check! true
print! 'xyz'.contains 'xyz'
check! true
print! 'xyz'.contains ''
check! true
|String, String| -> Bool
Returns true if the first string ends with the second string.
print! 'abcdef'.ends_with 'def'
check! true
print! 'xyz'.ends_with 'abc'
check! false
|String| -> String
Returns the string with characters replaced with escape codes.
For example, newlines get replaced with \n, tabs get replaced with \t.
print! '👋'.escape()
check! \u{1f44b}
|String| -> Bool
Returns true if the string contains no characters.
print! 'abcdef'.is_empty()
check! false
print! ''.is_empty()
check! true
|Iterable| -> String
Returns a string containing the bytes that are produced by the input iterable.
The iterable output must contain only Numbers in the 0..=255 range.
The resulting sequence of bytes must contain UTF-8 data.
print! string.from_bytes (72, 195, 171, 121, 33)
check! Hëy!
|String| -> Iterator
Returns an iterator that yields the lines contained in the input string.
Lines end with either \r\n or \n.
print! 'foo\nbar\nbaz'.lines().to_tuple()
check! ('foo', 'bar', 'baz')
print! '\n\n\n'.lines().to_tuple()
check! ('', '', '')
|String, String, String| -> String
Returns a copy of the input string with all occurrences of the match string replaced with an alternative string.
print! '10101'.replace '0', 'x'
check! 1x1x1
|String, String| -> Iterator
Returns an iterator that yields strings resulting from splitting the first string wherever the second string is encountered.
|String, |String| -> Bool| -> Iterator
Returns an iterator that yields strings resulting from splitting the input string based on the result of calling a function. The function will be called for each grapheme in the input string, and splits will occur when the function returns true.
print! 'a,b,c'.split(',').to_tuple()
check! ('a', 'b', 'c')
print! 'O_O'.split('O').to_tuple()
check! ('', '_', '')
print! 'x!y?z'.split(|c| c == '!' or c == '?').to_tuple()
check! ('x', 'y', 'z')
|String, String| -> Bool
Returns true if the first string starts with the second string.
print! 'abcdef'.starts_with 'abc'
check! true
print! 'xyz'.starts_with 'abc'
check! false
|String| -> String
Returns a lowercase version of the input string.
print! 'HÉLLÖ'.to_lowercase()
check! héllö
print! 'O_o'.to_lowercase()
check! o_o
|String| -> Number
Returns the string converted into a number.
0x,0o, and0bprefixes will cause the parsing to treat the input as containing a hexadecimal, octal, or binary number respectively.- Otherwise the number is assumed to be base 10, and the presence of a decimal point will produce a float instead of an integer.
If a number can't be produced then Null is returned.
|String, Integer| -> Integer
Returns the string converted into an integer given the specified base.
The base must be in the range 2..=36, otherwise an error will be thrown.
If the string contains non-numerical digits then Null is returned.
print! '123'.to_number()
check! 123
print! '-8.9'.to_number()
check! -8.9
print! '0x7f'.to_number()
check! 127
print! '0b10101'.to_number()
check! 21
print! '2N9C'.to_number(36)
check! 123456
|String| -> String
Returns an uppercase version of the input string.
print! 'héllö'.to_uppercase()
check! HÉLLÖ
print! 'O_o'.to_uppercase()
check! O_O
|String| -> String
Returns the string with whitespace at the start and end of the string trimmed.
print! ' x '.trim()
check! x
print! ' >'.trim()
check! >