From dc126a3f26d961c5b54acf73ea467b605ffe0ac2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: =?UTF-8?q?Micha=C3=ABl=20Meyer?= Date: Tue, 7 May 2024 16:45:58 +0200 Subject: [PATCH] Stop generating EDITED_* files --- build.xml | 12 +- ...EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00000_template.xml | 174 --- .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00002.xml | 417 ------ .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00003.xml | 521 ------- .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00004.xml | 280 ---- .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00005.xml | 267 ---- .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00006.xml | 457 ------ .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00017.xml | 511 ------- .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00019.xml | 201 --- .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00020.xml | 284 ---- .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00022.xml | 208 --- .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00023.xml | 168 --- .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00024.xml | 231 ---- .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00025.xml | 179 --- .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00027.xml | 204 --- .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00029.xml | 204 --- .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00030.xml | 149 -- .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00031.xml | 164 --- .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00036.xml | 181 --- .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00038.xml | 174 --- .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00042.xml | 215 --- .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00044.xml | 188 --- .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00051.xml | 195 --- .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00052.xml | 342 ----- .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00061.xml | 214 --- .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00062.xml | 453 ------ .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00063.xml | 206 --- .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00070.xml | 183 --- .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00071.xml | 393 ------ .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00072.xml | 194 --- .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00073.xml | 178 --- .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00074.xml | 246 ---- .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00075.xml | 231 ---- .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00078.xml | 237 ---- .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00079.xml | 176 --- .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00080.xml | 342 ----- .../EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00081.xml | 703 ---------- 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- DHARMA_INSPallava00000_template - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

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Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding - template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
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- Edited in (EI 6, no. 32/A); text and summary in (IP no. 29); text and translation in and in (B no. 24); re-edited and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Sylvain Brocquet & Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on autopsy and photographs (2019)// from the estampage kept at ASI, Mysore, consulted with the kind permission of the Director of Epigraphy. -

- - - - - - pages - No - - - - - 13 - 31 - - - - - - - - - - 32 - B/1905 - 50 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00002.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00002.xml deleted file mode 100644 index de3916547..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00002.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,417 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Mayidavōlu copper plates, time of Śiva-Skandavarman, year 10 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00002 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Sylvain Brocquet & Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Grant (brahmadeya), with all exemptions, of the village of Viriparam to two Brahmins. - - - -

See - - (EI 6, no. 8, p. 86).

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
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- śivaskadavarmmaṇaḥ -

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- - Plates - - - - diṭhaṁ - - -

- - kāṁcīpurāto yuvamahārajo - bhāradāya-sagotto palavānaṁ - - - - 2 - - sivakhaṁdavammo dhaṁñakaḍe - vāpataṁ Ānapayati -

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- - - Amhehi dāni Amha-vejayike - dhaṁmāyu-bala-vadhanike ya - - - 3 - - bamhanānaṁ Agivesa-sagottasa - puvakoṭujasa Agīivesa-sagottasa - - - - gonaṁdijasa Aṁdhāpatthīya-gāmo - viriparaṁ Amhehi Udakādiṁ - - - 4 - - saṁpadato -

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- Etasa gāmasa - viriparasa sava-bamhadeya - - - - parihāro vitarāma A-lona-khādakaṁ - A-raṭha-saṁvināyikaṁ A-paraṁparā-balivadaṁ - - - 5 - - A-bhaḍa-papesaṁ A-kūra-colaka - vināsi-khaṭaā-saṁvāsaṁ -

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- Etehi - - - - Anehi ca sava-bamha - deya-majādāya - - - 6 - - savaparihārehi parihārito -

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- pariharatha parihārāapetha ca -

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- - - jo Amha-sāsanaṁ Atichi - tūna pīlā bādhā karejo vā - - - 7 - - ta kārāpejo vā tasa Amho - sārīraṁ sāsanam karejāmo -

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- - saṁvacharaṁ dasamaṁ 10 gimhānaṁ - pakho chaṭo 6 divasaṁ paṁcami 5 -

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- - 8 - - Ānatī sayatti -

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- dattā - paṭṭikā -

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- Seal - - - - - śivaskadavarmmaṇaḥ - śivaskadavarmmaṇaḥ - quotes the description of the seal by Venkayya: The seal bears in relief an animal couchant and facing the proper right—apparently a bull, as it has a hump on its back—and below it, the legend śivaska[ndavarmmaṇaḥ?] in an alphabet which appears to be slightly different from that of the inscription. The bull and the legend are enclosed in a circle which is partially preserved. - - - -
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- Plates - - - - - kāṁcīpurāto - kāṁcīpurāto - Read kāñcīpurato or kāñcīpurāt. As noted by , [t]he first syllable of this word is almost entirely obliterated, but can be supplied with certainty from line 1 -of the Hīrahaḍagalli plates. - reads siddham before this word, but there are no trace of it. - - - - yuvamahārajo - yuvamahārajo - compare with jo in line 21. - - - - ya - yca - - - - viriparaṁ - viriparaṁ - As noted by , this placename is clearly legible in line 12. - - - - Amhehi - suggests to delete this word as redundant compared to its occurrence already in line 5. - - - - parihāro - parihāāroe - - - - °khādakaṁ - °khādakaṁ - Alternative possible readings are °khāḍakaṁ and °khāṭakaṁ. - - - - parihārāapetha - pariharāpetha - - - - bādhā - bādhā - - - - karejo - karejjā - According to , [t]he group jjā in karejjā (l. 22) and kārāpejjā (l. 23) is identical in shape with jo (l. 21) whereas [i]n the Hīrahaḍagalli plates the jjā of kārāpejjā (l. 40) differs from the jo of °rājo (l. 2). - - - - vā ta - vā ta - These two letters are possibly crossed-out by the engraver. notes about vā at the end of line 22: This akṣara and the first akṣara of the next plate seem to have been scored out by the engraver, who had omitted karapejjā and had begun to write vā tasa, but found out his mistake when he had got as far as ta. Note also that the letter ta in this occurrence is the only case in the whole set where a letter is engraved above the binding hole. - - - - kārāpejo - kārāpejjā - - - - gimhānaṁ - gimhānaṁ - points to parallels in inscriptions in Nāsik (no. 11, line 12; no. 14, line 1). - - - - -
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This edict has been seen.With the word diṭhaṁ or, in Sanskrit, dṛṣṭam we have to supply idaṁ śāsanam. It is the equivalent of the modern ’true copy’ or ’examined’ at the foot of official letters and Government orders. For a different explanation of dṛṣṭaṁ see above, Vol. III [i.e. EI 3], p. 259.

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From Kañcīpura the yuvamāhāraja Śivaskandavarman of the family of the Pallavas,For other instances of this elliptical use of the genitive see above, Vol. IV [i.e. EI 4], p. 197, note 6, and Vol. VI [i.e. EI 6], pp. 15 and 19. who belongs to the gotra of the Bhāradvājas, orders his official vyāpṛta at DhaññakaḍaCompare ānapayati govadhane amaca in the Nāsik inscriptions Nos. 11, A and 15. as follows:—

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For conferring on ourselves victory in warThe corresponding word in the Hīrahaḍagalli plates, vijaya-vejayike (l. 9), is omitted in Professor Bühler’s -translation (Ep. Ind. Vol. I, p. 8). and for increasing our merit, length of life, and power, we have now given, with libations of water, the village of Viripara in Andhrāpatha to the two Brāhmaṇas Puvakoṭuja of the Āgniveśya gotra and GonandijaI.e. Gonandyārya. Compare nandija in line 21 of the Hīrahaḍagalli plates. of the Āgniveśya gotra.

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To this village of Viripara we grant all the immunities enjoyed by brahmadeyas.

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Let it be free from diggings for salt,This term and the next one occur in the Nāsik inscriptions Nos. 11, A, 11, B and 15. araṭhasaṁvināyika, free from the supply of bullocks in succession,Compare line 33 of the Hīrahaḍagalli plates. free from the entrance of soldiers, free from the supply of boiled rice, water-pots, vināsi, left untranslated. cots and dwellings.With the last term compare a-khaṭvā-vāsaudanam (above [i.e. EI 6], p. 14, text line 8), and see line 31 of the Hīrahaḍagalli plates, where the photo-lithograph reads °akūra° and not akara° as the printed text. The word colaka or yollaka is probably related to cullakī, ’a kind of water-pot;’ vināsi or vinesi remains obscure.

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With these and all the other immunitics prescribed by the rules regarding all brahmadeyas we have caused it to be exempted.

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Accordingly youViz. the inhabitants and officials of the district, etc. See line 35 of the Hīrahaḍagalli plates, and Ind. Ant. Vol. IX, p. 101, I. 10 f, where Professor Bühler’s improved reading (Ep. Ind. Vol. I, p. 2, note 2) has to be further corrected by reading with the photo-lithograph pariharatha parihārapetha. The translation would then run:— “Knowing this, you, the villagers and officials, exempt it and cause it to be exempted with all the immunities!" In line 7 of Dr. Fleet’s text join mahānarakadevakula, and in line 6 f. read ātukasa kasita . . chettaṁ “the . . . . field ploughed by Ātuka." have to exempt it and cause it to be exempted.

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Who, transgressing our edict, shall give or shall cause to be given trouble and annoyanceHere and in the Hīrahaḍagalli plates (l. 40) one would expect the acc. sing. pīlaṁ bādhaṁ instead of the acc. plur. pīlā bādhā. to the donees, on him we shall inflict bodily punishment.

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The tenth—10th—year, the sixth—8th—fortnight of summer, the fifth—5th—lunar day.

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The executor ājṉapti was myself. Accordingly this set of plates paṭṭikā has been given to the donees.

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De Śivaskandavarman

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Vu.C’est-à-dire « Vérifié ».

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De Kāñcīpuram, le yuvamahārāja Śivaskandavarman de la famille des Pallava et du gotra des Bhāradvāja ordonne à l’officier en charge à Dhānyakaṭa :

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Viriparam, village de l’Andhrāpatha, a été désormais donné avec aspersion d’eau, par nous, en vue de notre victoire et de l’accroissement du dharma, de la santé et de la force, aux brahmanes Puvakoṭuja Sanskrit Puvakoṭvārya. du gotra d’Agniveśa et Gonandija Sanskrit Gonandyārya du gotra d’Agniveśa.

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A ce village de Viripara nous accordons toutes les exemptions propres à un brahmadeya : l’interdiction de le creuser pour du sel, l’exclusion de l’autorité régionale a-raṭha-saṁvināyika ?, l’interdiction d’en saisir des bœufs d’attelage, l’interdiction d’y entrer pour les soldats et l’interdiction d’en saisir du riz cuit, des pots d’eau, du combustible vināsi ?, des lits, des maisons.

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Il est exempté de toutes les exemptions, celles-ci et les autres, conformément à l’usage valable pour tous les brahmadeya.

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Exemptez-le et faites-le exempter !

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Celui qui, enfreignant notre ordre, causerait ou ferait causer des ennuis ou dommages à cette donation, nous lui infligerons un châtiment corporel.

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Dixième (10) année, sixième (6) quinzaine de l’été, cinquième (5) jour.

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Exécution : nous-mêmes.

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Des tablettes ont été données.

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For a description of the Prakrit language of this grant, see (EI 6, no. 8, p. 85-86), .

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Edited in (EI 6, no. 8) with facsimile and English translation; text and sanskritised text in with facsimile; text and summary in (IP no. 2); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2023), based on published estampages and photos of the original plates in the Chennai Government Museum (2008). -

- - - - - - - - - - 457-461 - - - - - 31-34 - 2 - - - - - - - - - IR 2 - - - - - xvi, 107-108 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00003.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00003.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 6d53e7b12..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00003.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,521 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Hīrahaḍagaḷḷi copper plates, time of Śiva-Skandavarman, year 8 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00003 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Sylvain Brocquet & Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Confirmation of the grant, with exemptions, of a garden in Cillarekakoḍuṁka to 24 Brahmins, and further grant of lands, seemingly in Āpiṭṭī. - - - -

See - - (EI 1, no. 1, p. 2).

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

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- śivaskandavarmmaṇaḥ -

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- koāṁcīpurā Aggiṭthṭhoma-vājapeyassamedha-yājī dhamma-mahā - rājādhirājo bhāraddāyo pallavāṇaāṁ sivakhaṁdavamo - Amhaṁ visaye savattha rājakumāra-senāpati - - - - raṭṭhika-māḍabika-desādhikatādīke gāmāgāmabhojake - vallave govallave Amacce Ārakhādhikate gumike tūthike - neyike Anne vi ca Amha-pesaṇa-ppayutte saṁcaraṁtaka - bhaḍamaṇusā ṇa -

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- parihāraṁ vitarāma Ettha dāṇi - - - Āpiṭṭiī-vatthavāṇa cillareka-koḍuṁka-bhojaka-bamhaṇānaāṁ Appa - ṇa kula-gottasa dhamāyu-bala-yaso-vadhanike vijaya-vejayīke - ca kātūṇam Appatihata-sāsaṇassa Aneka-hirogo-koḍi - go-hala-sata-sahassa-ppadāyino mahārāja-bappa-sāmīhi - - - - 3 - - vāṭaka cillareka-koḍuṁke puvvadattaṁ golasamajasa patībhāgo 1 - Ātteya-sagottasa Agisamajassa patībhāgā 4 - māḍharasa patībhāgā be 2 jāmātukasa Agillasa patī - bhāgo 1 hārita-sagotasa kālasamasa pattībhāgā 3 - - - - bhāradāya-sagottassa kumārasamasa patībhāgā 2 kosikāa - sagotasa kumāranaṁdi-kumārasama-koṭṭasama-sattissa ca - catuṇhaṁ bhātukāṇa cattāri pattībhāgā 4 kasava-sagotta - sa bhaṭisa patībhāgo 1 bhāradāyasa khaṁdakoṁḍisa - - - 4 - - patībhāgā be 2 khaṁdaḍhasa patībhago 1 bappasa - pattībhāgo 1 dattajasa patībhāgā be 2 naṁdijasa - patībhāgā 3 vatsa-sagotasa rudasamasa patī - bhāgo 1 dāmajasa patībhāgo 1 sālasamajasa patī - bhāgo 1 - - - - - parimitasa patībhāgo 1 nāga-naṁdisa patibhāgo 1 golisa - patībhāgo 1 khaṁdasamasa patībhāgo 1 sāmijasa patībhāgo 1 -

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- Etesi bamhaṇāṇāṁ Agisamaja-pamukhāṇaṁ sātāhaniraṭṭhe - gāme cillarekakoḍuṁke dakhiṇasīmaṁ puvvadattaṁ - - - - 5 - - Amhehi vi Ā-canda-tāra-kālika kātūṇaṁ Udakādiṁ saṁpa - datto -

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- Etaṁ bamhaṇāṇaṁ cillerekakoḍuṁka-vāṭakam - Akūra-yollaka-vinesi-khaṭṭā-vāsaṁ A-dūdha-dadhi-gahaṇaṁ - A-raṭṭha-saṁvinayikaṁ A-loṇa-gula-cchobhaṁ A-kara-veṭṭhī - - - - - koṁjallaṁ A-paraṁpara-balivadda-gahaṇaṁ A-taṇa-kaṭṭha-gaha - ṇaṁ A-haritaka-sāka-pupha-gahaṇaṁ Evamādīkehi Aṭṭhā - rasa-jāti-parihārehi visaya-vāsīhi Api - ṭṭī-vāsīhi cillerekakoḍuṁka-vāsīhi ca pariharitavaṁ - - - 6 - - parihāpetavva ca tti -

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- Api ca Āpiṭṭīyaṁ Agisamaja - pamukhāṇa bamhaṇāṇaṁ khalasa nivataṇaṁ gharassa nivata - ṇaṁ Addhikā cāttāri 4 kolikā be tti 2 -

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- Eva nātūṇaṁ - Atha koci vallabhamadena pīlā bādhā kareyya kāravejo - - - - vā tasa khu Amhe nigahaṁvāraṇa kareyyāma ti -

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- bhūyo ca - varisa-sata-sahassātireka-samakāle Amhaṁ pallava - kalamahaṁtte bhavissabhaḍe Anne ca no - - - - 7 - - vasudhādhipataye Abhatthemi jo sakakāle Upari - likhita-majātāye Aṇuvaṭṭhāveti tasa - vo sammo ti yo ca si vigghe vaṭṭeja - - - - - sa ca khu pañca-mahāpātaka-saṁjutto narādhamo - hoja ti -

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- dattā paṭṭikā vāsa-satasahassāya -

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- saṁva 8 vāsa 6 diva 5 -

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- sayam āṇataṁ -

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- - 8 - - kolivāla-bhojakasa rahasādhikata-bhaṭṭisa - mmasa sa-hattha-likhiteṇa paṭṭikā kaḍa tti -

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- svasti go-brāhmaṇa-lekhaka-vācaka-śrotṛbhya Iti -

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- Seal - - - - - śivaskandavarmmaṇaḥ - śivaskandavarmmaṇaḥ - This is reading (page 9), but nothing is legible on the seal now kept with the plates in the Chennai Government Museum (2008). The same legend is found on the seal of another Pallava plate (DHARMA_INSPallava00002). - - - -
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- Plates - - - - - - koāṁcīpurā - kāṁcīpurā - koṁcīpurā - Alternatively, one can follow , considering that what is taken as the left component of medial o is just a defect on the plate. - - - - Aggiṭthṭhoma° - Aggitthoma° - Aggiṭthoma° - Aggiṭthoma° - Aggiṭṭhoma° - The original reading is ṭtha, as indicated by the dot inside the tha of this ligature. - - - - pallavāṇaāṁ - pallavāṇa - - - - raṭṭhika° - raṭṭhika° - raṭṭhaika° - notes that [t]he i of raṭṭhika is very faint. This medial i is not clear on the published estampage, but is more visible on the photos (2011). - - - - °māḍabika° - °māṁḍabinuka° - °māṁḍabika° - - °māṁḍabinuka° - °māḍabika° - The letter ka looks indeed like nu, since the left part of its horizontal crossbar is missing. notes that the emendation māḍambika is possible, but doubtful, given that is attested attested only in Jainz literature. - - - - Ārakhādhikate - Āaraṇādhikate - Ārakkhādhikate - Ārakhādhikate - The initial Ā is clear on the photos (2011), where a little hook is visible on its right side of letter) - - - - bhaḍamaṇusā ṇa - bhaḍamaṇusāṇa kaḍho - bhaḍamaṇusā ṇakaḍhaso - notes that his suggested reading kaḍho is very doubtful, with the exception of the last vowel. suggets to read bhaḍamanuṣe āṇaveti. A verbal predicate is indeed expected here to complete this first sentence. - - - - parihāraṁ - pārihāraṁ - parihāraṁ - - - - Āpiṭṭiī° - Āpiṭṭi° - Āpiṭṭi° - - - - - - Āpiṭṭīyaṁ - Āpiṭṭīyaṁ - The ī in ṭṭi is not clear on the published estampage, but well visible on the photos (2011). - - - - bādhā - bādhā - The ā in dhā is not clear on the published estampage, but well visible on the photos (2011). - - - - - - Ettha - cattha - Ettha - - - - kaḍa - kada - kaḍa - notes: Perhaps kaḍa is to be read. - - - - -
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Success!Errata and corrigenda (EI 1, p. 479) taken into account. From Kāṁcīpura—the righteousCompare Mr. Fleet’s grant, Indian Antiquary, vol. V, p. 155, line 17 of the transcript. supreme king of great kings of the Pallavas Sivakhaṁdavama Śivaskandavarman, a BhāraddāyaCompare Mr. Fleet’s grant, Indian Antiquary, vol. V, p. 51, line 15 of the transcript, and ibidem, page 155, line 14 of the transcript, as well as vol. IX, p. 101, line 2 of the transcript, where bhāraddāyassa has to be read for bhāraṭṭāyaṇa. Bhāradvāja an offerer of Agniṣṭoma, Vājapeya and Aśvamedha sacrifices issues the following orders:

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In our whole territory we send greetingsTwo verbs have been left out, one in the third person singular after sivakhaṁdavamo, and one in the first person plural, or in the absolutive at the end of the list of officials. For the pronoun amhaṁ ’our’ shows that a new sentence begins with line 3, and the words vitarāma cattha dāṇi prove that it must have stood in the first person plural or in the absolutive. The first verb was probably āṇaveti or some equivalent. The second may either have been a word expressing command, or, what I consider more likely, some expression implying greeting, such as are found in many other inscriptions. to the royal princes, generals, rulers of districts, custom-house officers,I consider the correction māṇḍabika as certain and take the word maṇḍaba or maṇḍapa, from which it has been derived, in the sense of the māṇḍavī, ’custom house’—see Molesworth, Marāṭhī Dictionary, sub voce. The śaulkikas are frequently mentioned in Sanskrit inscriptions. prefects of countries and others, to the freeholders of various villages,That bhojaka does not mean’ temple priest,’ but ’ināmdār,’ or ’freeholder,’ seems to follow from its use in line 8, where the donees are called cillarekakoḍumkabhojakas, who lived in Āpiṭṭī, and in line 50, where the privy councillor Bhaṭṭisama receives the title kolivālabhojake. Such a despised personage as a temple priest could hardly become a minister. Professor Fausböll points out to me that gāmāgāmabhojaka may be rendered as above, as repetitions of the same word with a lengthening of the final vowel of the first are commonly used in Pāli in order to indicate the vīpsā. to herdsmen, cowherds, ministers, foresters, gumikas, tūthikas, neyikas,The first of the three words left untranslated corresponds to Sanskrit gaulmika. As gulma means both ’a thicket’ and ’a picket of soldiers,’ the derivative may denote either a kind of forest official or the leader of a gulma of warriors. Tūthika may be connected with Prākrit tūha ’a Tīrtha,’ and means ’overseers of fords’ or ’of bathing places.’ With neyika compare naiyokāḥ in Mr. Fleet and Elliot’s grant, Indian Antiquary, vol. V, p. 62, line 28 of the text. Mr. Fleet changes it to niyuktāh, which now seems a rather doubtful emendation. I suspect that naiyokāḥ is a mistake for naiyikāḥ, which would exactly correspond to neyika, and that both words are corruptions of Sanskrit nāyaka, commonly pronounced nāick. If this is correct, the term denotes a military officer of the rank of a corporal or a sergeant. and all others employed in our service, to roaming spies and warriors, Saṁcarantaka occurs also in Mr. Fleet’s grant, loc. cit., line 29 of the text, and Mr. Fleet has translated it by ’travellers.’ I believe that royal servants are meant, and that the word refers to the spies whom the Indian kings sent into the provinces to explore the behaviour of their officials,—see Manu, VII, 122. and we grant here an immunity viz. the garden in Cillarekakoḍuṁka, which was formerly given by the great king, the lord Bappa,The great king Bappa is probably the donor’s father,—see Mr. Fleet’s article, Indian Antiquary, vol. XV, p. 272ff. a giver of many krors of gold and of one hundred thousand ox-ploughs,This may, of course, mean also ’one hundred thousand cows and the same number of ploughs of land,’ Regarding the various kinds of the measure of land, called ’a plough,’ see Kullūka on Manu, VII, 119.—while he made the gift a means of the increase of the merit, longevity, power and fame of his own family and race—to the Brāhmans, free-holders of Cillarekakoḍuṁka and inhabitants of Āpiṭṭi, viz. to Golasamaja Golaśarmārya one share of the produce, Pattī, patti, patī, and pati I take to be the representatives of Sanskrit prāpti, which means āya, ’produce,’ or ’income.’ It is of course possible that the garden was let and the rent divided among the donees. to Agisamaja Agniśarmārya of the Ātteya Ātreya gotra four shares of the produce, to Māḍhara Māṭhara two shares of the produce, to his son-in-law (?) Agilla Agnila one share of the produce, to Kālasama Kālaśarman of the Hārita gotra two (?) shares of the produce, to Kumārasama Kumāraśarman of the Bhāradāya Bhāradvāja gotra two shares of the produce, to the four brothers Kumāranaṁdi Kumāranandin, Kumārasama Kumāraśarman, Koṭṭasama Koṭṭaśarman and Satti Śakti of the Kosika Kauśika gotra four (4) shares of the produce, to Bhaṭi Bhaṭṭi of the Kassava Kāśyapa gotra one share of the produce, to Khaṁdakoṁḍi Skandakoṭi? the Bhāradāya Bhāradvāja two shares of the produce, to Khaṁdaḍha Skanda-ṛddha one share of the produce, to Bappa one share of the produce, to Dattaja Dattārya two shares of the produce, to Naṁdija Nandyārya three shares of the produce, to Rudasama Rudraśarman of the Vātsya gotra one share of the produce, to Dāmaja Dāmārya one share of the produce, to Sālasama Śyālaśarman? one share of the produce, to ParimitaThis name does not seem to be correct; perhaps it should be Harimita, i.e, Harimitra. (?) one share of the produce, to Nāganaṁdi one share of the produce, to Goli (?) one share of the produce, to Khaṁdasama Skandaśarman one share of the produce, to Sāmija Svāmyārya one share of the produce.

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By Us also the formerly-given gardenThe word vāṭakam has been left out by mistake. situated on the southern sīm, in the village of Cillarekakoḍuṁka and in the province raṭṭha of Sātāhani, has been granted to the above-mentioned Brāhmans, chief among whom is Agisamaja Agniśarmārya, the gift being confirmed by a libation of water and being made valid as long as the moon and stars endure. -

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This garden in Cillarekakoḍuṁka, which belongs to the Brāhmans, is to be free from taxes ... ... ..., free from the taking of sweet and sour milk,Milk, grass, firewood, vegetable, and so forth had to be furnished gratis by the villagers to royal officers and their servants. The custom still prevails in many native states. ... ... ... ...I do not venture to translate araṭṭhasaṁvinayikaṁ. The phrase is, of course, identical with that used in the Andhra inscriptions (Archaeological Report, West. Ind., vol. IV, pp. 104-106, Nos. 13, 14)—araṭhasarinayika, my former explanation of which cannot stand. free from troubles about salt and sugar,In Sanskrit alavaṇaguḍakṣobham. Digging for salt was a royal monopoly. free from taxes, forced labour ... ... ... , free from the taking of the oxen in succession,I suppose this refers to the obligation of furnishing by turns draught-cattle for the progress of the royal officers. free from the taking of grass and wood, free from the taking of vegetables and flowers; with these and other immunities of the eighteen kinds it must he exempted and caused to be exempted by the inhabitants of the province, by the inhabitants of Āpiṭṭī and by the inhabitants of Chillerekakoḍuṁka.

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Moreover, in Āpiṭṭī one nivartana has been given to the Brāhmans, chief among whom is Agisamaja Agniśarmarya, for a threshing-floor, one nivartana for a house, four labourersThe addhikā i.e., ardhikāḥ, appear to have been slaves,—see also Āpastamba’s Dharmaśūtra, II, 28, 1. receiving half the produce addhikā, two Kolikas.Kolikā corresponds to Sanskrit kaulikāḥ, and may mean ’weavers.’ But it is also possible to think of the well-known tribe of the Kolīs, who were slaves.

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Now if anybody, knowing this, proud of being a favourite of the king, should cause or cause to be caused a small obstacle to the donees him, forsooth, we shall restrain by punishment. And further I pray both the future great warriors of our Pallava race, who may rule within a period exceeding one hundred thousand years, as well as kings, differing from us in descent, saying unto them: ’To him among you blessings, who in his time makes the people act according to the rule, written above.I transliterate and complete this,— yaḥ svakakāla uparilikhitamaryādayā (janān) anuvartaye tasya vaḥ śarmeti. But he who acts contrary to it shall be the lowest of men, loaded with the guilt of the five mortal sins.’ A charter valid for one hundred thousand years has been given on the fifth day, in the sixth fortnight of the rainy season, in the year eight. My own order. ’The charter has been prepared in his own handwriting by the privy councillor Bhaṭṭisama Bhaṭṭiśarman, the Kolivāla freeholder.’ ’Welfare to cows, Brāhmans, the writer, the readers and the hearers.’

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De Kāñcīpuram...

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Nous accordons... - - à Golasamaja Golaśarmārya : 1 part - à Agisamaja Agniśarmārya de l’Ātreyagotra : 4 parts - ... - -

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Prospérité au vaches, aux brahmanes, aux scribes, aux récitateurs et aux auditeurs :

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For a description of the Prakrit language of this grant, see (EI 1, no. 1, p. 2-4), , .

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About the seal, see 9: The plates are still held together by a single ring to which a nearly circular, somewhat battered, seal about an inch in diameter is attached. This seal shows as emblem an animal, facing the proper right, which may be intended for a deer or a horse. Below there stands the word Śivaskandavarmaṇaḥ, the last three akṣaras of which are much defaced and doubtful. The first four akṣara are perfectly plain and leave no doubt thut this part of the grant was in Sanskrit, just like the maṅgala at the end.

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Edited in (EI 1, no. 1) with facsimile and English translation; corrections in (EI 2, no. 40); corrections in (EI 2, no. 40); text and sanskritised text in 461-466 with facsimile; text and summary in (IP no. 3); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2023), based on published estampages and photos of the original plates in the Chennai Government Museum (2008). -

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 457-461 - - - - - 35-39 - 3 - - - - - - - - - IR 3 - - - - - xvi, 107 - - - - - 8 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00004.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00004.xml deleted file mode 100644 index b5367dac5..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00004.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,280 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Guṇapadēya copper plates, time of Vijaya-Skandavarman - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00004 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

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Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Sylvain Brocquet & Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Grant, with all exemptions, of a land at Dālūra to the lord (bhagavant) Nārāyaṇa of the temple (devakula) at/of Kūḷimahātāraka, by Cārudevī, the spouse of the yuvamahārāja Śrīvijaya-Buddhavarman. - - - -

See - - (EI 8, no. 12, p. 144).

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On plate 3 recto, the two formulaic imprecatory stanzas are distributed in a pada-wise layout.

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The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

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Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

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Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

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- siri-vijaya-khandavamma-mahārājassa saṁvvacharā - yuva-mahārājassa bhāraddāyassa pallavā - ṇaṁ siri-vijaya-buddhavammassa devī - kura-jānavī cārudevī ka vīya - - - 2 - - rājatalāka-heṭṭhe pāṇiya - pād-uttare pāse Ātukassa kasita - chettaṁ dālūre kūli-mahātaraka-devakulassa - - - 3 - - bhagavan-nārāyaṇassa Amhaṁ Āyu-bala-vaddhanī - yaṁ kātūṇa bhūmī-nivattane cattāri 4 Amhehiṁ - sampadattā taṁ nātūṇa gāmeyekā Āyuttā - savva-parihārehi pariharatha pariharāpetha -

- - - - - bahubhir vvasudhā dattā - bahubhiś cānupālitā - yasya yasya yadā bhūmiḥ - tasya tasya tadā phalam - - - - svadataāṁ paradattaāṁ vā - yeo harattareta vasundharām - gavāṁ śata-sahasrasya - hantuḥ pibati duṣkṛtam - - - -

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Success!

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The years . . of the reign of the glorious mahārāja Vijaya-Skandavarman.

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Cārudevī, the queen of the yuvamahārāja, the Bhāradvāja, the glorious Vijaya-Buddhavarman of the family of the Pallavas, and mother of Buddhyaṅkura, addresses the following order to the official at Kaṭaka:—

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The field to be ploughed by Ātuka on the northern side of the drinking-well below the King’s Tank rājataḍāka, containing four—4—nivartanas of land, has been given by Us, making it a means for increasing Our length of life and power,The Sanskrit equivalent of the words amhaṁ āyu-bala-vaddhanīyaṁ occurs in the Uruvupalli grant; Ind. Ant., Vol. V, p. 52, text line 27f. Instead of vaddhanīyaṁ, the corresponding portions of the Hīrahaḍagalli, Mayidavōlu and Koṇḍamudi plates have vadhanike. to the god Nārāyaṇa of the Kūḷi-Mahātāraka temple at Dālūra.

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Knowing this, ye, the villlagers and officials, exempt this field with all immunities, and cause it to be exempted!The corresponding Sanskrit phrase sarvva-parihāraiḥ pariharata parihārayata ca occurs in the Māṅgaḷūr grant; Ind. Ant. Vol. V, p. 156, text line 30.

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[contain two of the customary verses]

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The ājñaptiOn āṇatti see above, Vol. VII [i.e. EI 7], p.185 and notes 4 and 5. is Rohiṇīgupta.In rohaṇigutta, rohaṇī is a vulgar form of rohiṇī, which occurs above, Vol. IV [i.e. EI 4], p. 295, text line 5; the usual form in Tamil inscriptions is urōcaṇi.

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For a description of the Prakrit language of this grant, see (EI 8, no. 12, p. 144), , .

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Edited in (SOCI no. 74) with facsimile; corrections in 22 (EI 1, no. 1); corrections in 8810 (EI 6, no. 1); corrections in 67, 69 (EI 7, no. 7); re-edited by (EI 8, no. 12) with facsimile and English translation; text and sanskritised text in 467-469; text and summary in (IP no. 4); text and French translation of the Sanskrit portion in (B no. 1); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2023), based on published estampages and photos of the original plates in the British Library (2016). -

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This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Sylvain Brocquet & Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Grant (brahmadeya), with all exemptions, of the village of ... to a Brahmin. - - - -

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The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

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Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

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- vijayatthāṇā mahārājassa Appadihata-sāsaṇassa sāma - ... - ... - ... - - - - ... - ... - ... - ... - - - 2 - - ... - ... - ... - ... - - - - ... - ... - ... - - - 3 - - ... - ... - ... - - - ... - ñcamī 5 -

- - bahubhir vvasudhā dattā - bahubhiś cānupālitā - yasya yasya yadā bhūmis - tasya tasya tadā phalaM - - - svadattāṁ paradattāṁ vā - yo hareta vasundharāM - gavāṁ śata-sahasrasya - hantuḥ pibati duṣkṛtaM - - - -

Iti

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Thus it is said.

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Fortune!

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Edited in with facsimile; re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2023) , based on published estampages. -

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - IR 5 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00006.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00006.xml deleted file mode 100644 index d4759168a..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00006.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,457 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Uruvupalli grant, time of Siṁhavarman, year 11 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00006 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Sylvain Brocquet & Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Grant (devabhoga), with the eigtheen exemptions, - of the village of Uruvupalli to the temple (devakula) - of Viṣṇuhāradeva, built by the general Viṣṇuvarman, at Kaṇḍukūra, for - the increase of life and force. - - - -

The virāma is sometimes oddly located.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding - template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
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-Seal - -

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- - 1 - jitaṁ bhagavatā -

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- śrī-vijaya-palakkaḍa-sthānāt parama-brahmaṇyasya sva - bāhu-balārjitorjita-kṣātra-tapo-nidheḥ vihita-sarvva-maryyādasya - sthiti-sthitasyāmitātmano mahārajasya śrī-skandavarmmaṇaḥ - prapautrasyārccita-śakti-siddhi-sampannasya pratāpopanata-rāja - - - - maṇḍalasya mahārājasya vasudhā-talaika-vīrasya śrī-vīravarmmaṇaḥ pau - trasya deva-dvija-guru-vṛddhopacāyino vivṛddha-vinayasyāneka-go-hi - raṇya-bhūmy-ādi-pradānaiḥ pravṛddha-dharmma-sañcayasya prajā-pālana - dakṣasya loka-pālānāṁ pañcamasya loka-pālasya satyātmano mahā - - - 2 - - tmano mahārājasya śrī-skandavarmmaṇaḥ putrasya bhagavad-bhakti-sadbhāva - saṁbhāvita-sarvva-kalyānṇasya prajā-saṁrañjana-paripālanodyoga-sata - ta-satra-vrata-ditaīkṣitasya Aneka-samar-sāhasāvamardda-la - bdha-vijaya-yaśaḥ-prakāśasya kali-yuga-doṣāvasanna-dharmmoddharaṇa-nitya-sa - - - - nnaddhasya rāja-rṣi-guṇa-sarvva-sandoha-vijigīśor ddharmma-vijigīṣor bhagavat-pādā - nuddhyātasya bappa-bhaṭṭāraka-mahārāja-pāda-bhaktasya parama-bhāgavatasya - bhāradvāja-sagotrasya sva-vikkramākrāntānya-nṛpa-śrī-nilayānām yathaā - vad āhṛtāśvamedhaānām pallavānām dharmma-yuvamahārāja-śrī-viṣṇugopava - - - 3 - - rmmaṇo vacanena muṇḍarāṣṭre Uruvupalliye grāmeyakāḥ vaktavyāḥ -

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- Etasmin grāma - sīme dviśataṁ sima-nivarttanāni -

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- Eteṣāṁ nivarttanānām Avadhayaḥ Apa - raṁ diśiApara-diśi kaṇḍukūra-grāmasya sīmāvadhiḥ dakṣiṇaṁ diśidakṣiṇa-diśi suprayoga-nadī - Avadhiḥ pūrvvān diśipūrvva-diśi Avadhiḥ pūrvva-dakṣiṇākottaraṁ mahā-patha-pārśve śilā - - - - Etasyāḥ Uttaraṁ gatvā ciñcaāvṛkṣaḥ tataḥ Uttaraṁ gatvā kurupūra-grāmasya kaṇḍukū - ra-grāmasya ca pathi śilā tataḥ Uttaraṁ gatvā śilopalayam tataḥ Uttaraṁ ga - tvā kaurupūra-grāme braāhmaṇānām hala-kṣetrasyāvadhau śilā Uttarāṁ di - śiUttara-diśi Avadhiḥ śilopalaya-vṛto mahā-ciñcaā-vṛkṣaḥ tataḥ Apara-diśaṁ gatvā - - - 4 - - koṇḍamuruvudu-grāmasya sīmāntam avadhiḥ -

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- Evaṁ caturṇām sīmāvadhīnāṁ maddhye sī - masyamaddhya-sīmasya tad-vdviśataṁ nivarttanāni kaṇḍukūre viṣṇu-varmma-senāpati-kṛta-viṣṇuhāra-devaku - lāya deva-bhogaṁ kṛtvā Aṣṭādaśa-jātibhiḥ parihārair upetāaṁ Asmad-āyur-bala - varddhanīyam asmābhiḥ sampradattaṁ -

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- tad avagamya tasmin viṣaye sarvvāyuktakāḥ sarvva-naiyyokāḥ - rāja-vallābhāḥ sañcarantakāś ca tat-sīmam sarvva-pairihāraiḥ pariharantu parihārayantu ca -

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- - yaś cedam asmac-chāsanam atikrāmet sa pāpaś śārīra-daṇḍam arhati -

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- Api cārṣa-ślokāḥ -

- - - - bhūmi-dānāt paran dānaṁ - na bhūtan na bhaviṣyati - tasyaiva haraṇa-pāpaān - na bhūtaṁ na bhaviṣyati - - - - sva-dattāṁ para-dattāṁ vā - yo hareta vasundhuarām - gavāṁ śata-sahasrasya - hantuḫ pibati duṣkṛtam - -

- siṁhavarmma-māahārājasya vijaya-saṁvatsare Ekādaśe pauṣya-māse kṛṣṇa-pakṣe - daśamyām mayā dattā tāṁpratāmra-paṭṭikā - -

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- Plates - - - - śrī - The word śrī could be considered a second auspicious opening formula (see translations in and in ), but it appears to be an honorific prefix to the issuing placename as in vijaya-śrī-palakkaḍa-sthānāt (INSPallava00007) and śrīmad-vijaya-daśanapurādhiṣṭhānāt (INSPallava00247). - - - - palakkaḍa - palakkada - palakkadḍa - - - - prapautrasyārccita° - prapautrasyārccita - The vowel i in rcci, which is postcript, shows no inclusion of a repha. - - - - saṁbhāvita° - The anusvāra in saṁ is above the next character bhā. This is probably due, as pointed out to me by Daniel Balogh, to the fact that the character tma (line 9), right above sa, leaves no sufficient space for the anusvāra. - - - - °saṁrañjana° - °saṁrañjanarakṣaṇa° - This emendation is rejected in 378503. - - - - °satra° - Editors generally correct the text to °satya°. This appears unnecessary as both readings are attested in other inscriptions and both are meaningful. See - 138-139 - - - - - °ditaīkṣitasya - The word dita-kṣita, "torn and decayed" is meaningful, but not in the context. Furthermore this epithet is formulaic and there are parallels in, e.g. INSPallava#####. See 461. - - - - °yuvamahārāja-śrī° - °yuvamahārājasya śrī° - This correction by Fleet appears unnecessary. - - - - kaṇḍukūra° - °keaṇḍukūra° - °keaṇḍukūra° - Fleet’s correction is tentative. Brocquet reads keṇḍukūra, which he emends to kaṇḍukūra, because of the other occurrences of this placename (lines 21 and 26). However, in these three instances, the reading is clearly kaṇḍukūra. - - - - kurupūra° - kaurupūra° - kuarupūra° - Fleet’s correction is tentative. The same placename is written karupūra, line 23. See 379511. - - - - kaṇḍukūra° - kaeṇḍukūra° - Fleet’s correction is tentative. - - - - kaurupūra° - kaurupūra° - Fleet’s correction is tentative. - - - - koṇḍamuruvudu° - koṇḍamuruvudḍu°. - Fleet’s correction is tentative. - - - - kaṇḍukūre - kaeṇḍukūre - - - - °naiyyokāḥ - naiyyokāḥniyuktā - See 813 - - - - cārṣa-ślokāḥ - cāpi ślokāḥ - - - - paran - paruan - - - - bhūtaṁ - bhūtaṁ - - - - sva-dattā - The ā in tā is very slightly engraved due to the proximity of the binding hole. - - - - para-dattāṁ vā - para-dattāṁ vā - The anusvāra at the end of °dattāṁ is above the next character vā. - - - - mayā dattā - mayādattā - That is, mayā + ādattā (“seized by me”), although Brocquet’s translation is correct (“J’ai émis”). - - - -
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English translation to be added after finalisation of the French translation.

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Le Bienheureux est vainqueur !

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Depuis le camp victorieux de Śrī-Palakkaḍa :

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l’arrière petit-fils du Grand Roi Śrī-Skandavarman, très pieux trésor d’austérité, qui conquit et affermit son titre royal par la force de son bras, qui assura le respect de toutes les lois, qui respecta l’Ordre, et qui se montra infiniment magnanime ;

-

le petit-fils du Grand Roi Śrī-Vīravarman, dont on respecta la puissance et le succès, dont la majesté fit plier le cercle des rois, héros unique sur la surface de la terre ;

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le fils du Grand Roi Śrī-Skandavarman, qui honora les dieux, les prêtres, les maîtres et les anciens, qui pratiqua la plus sévère discipline, qui, par de multiples dons, notamment de vaches, d’or et de terres, augmenta son capital dharmique, qui se montra habile à protéger ses sujets, qui fut, parmi les Gardiens du monde, le cinquième Gardien du Monde, qui se montra vrai et magnanime ;

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Śrī-Viṣṇugopavarman, Prince Héritier des Pallava selon le dharma, qui se rendirent maîtres des richesses et des palais des autres rois, vaincus par leur valeur, et accomplirent selon les rites le sacrifice du cheval - lui-même dont la réelle dévotion envers le Bienheureux engendre pour tous la prospérité, qu’un voeu sincère pour toujours consacre avec zèle au bonheur et à la sécurité de ses sujets, qu’illustre la gloire d’avoir, dans plus d’un combat, remporté la victoire en écrasant la témérité, qui, à chaque instant, est prêt à soutenir le dharma que ruinent les péchés de l’âge Kali, qui souhaite conquérir l’ensemble des vertus des rois ascètes, qui souhaite conquérir le dharma, qui jouit de la faveur des pieds du Bienheureux, qui offre sa dévotion aux pieds de Bappa, l’illustre Grand Roi, qui se montre un sectateur passionné du Bienheureux, et qui appartient au gotra de Bharadvāja, ordonne qu’on adresse aux villageois d’Uruvupalliya, dans le Muṇḍa-rāṣṭra, ce commandement de sa bouche :

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lines 17-18 : etasmin grāmasīme dviśataṁ sima-nivarttanāni ; Dans les limites de ce village, se trouvent 200 nivartana >>> Dans les limites de ce village, il y a en tout (sima-) deux cents nivartana. As we have sima and not sīma !

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« Dans les limites de ce village, se trouvent 200 nivartana [[A MODIFIER : etasmin grāmasīme dviśataṁ sima-nivarttanāni ;>>> Dans les limites de ce village, il y a en tout (sima-) deux cents nivartana. As we have sima and not sīma !]]; de ces nivartana, voici les limites : à l’ouest, la limite sera la frontière du village de Kaṇḍukūra. Au Sud, la rivière Suprayoga servira de limite. A l’Est, la limite sera la suivante : du sud-est vers le Nord, le rocher qui se trouve au bord de la grand-route ; en allant vers le nord de celui-ci, le tamarinier ; en allant encore vers le Nord, le rocher qui se trouve sur le chemin des villages de Karupūra et de Kaṇḍukūra ; en allant encore plus vers le Nord, le tas de pierres ; en allant vers le nord à partir de là, le rocher qui se trouve à la limite du champ cultivé appartenant aux brahmanes du village de Karupūra. Au Nord, la limite sera le grand tamarinier entouré d’un tas de pierres ; à partir de là et en allant vers l’ouest, la frontière du village de Koṇḍamuruvuḍu fera office de limite.

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Ces 200 nivartana d’un terrain situé entre ces quatre limites, nous en faisons don, après les avoir convertis en deva-bhoga et assortis des dix-huit sortes d’exemption, au temple de Viṣṇuhāradeva, édifié par le général Viṣṇuvarman, à Kaṇḍukūra - pour l’accroissement de la durée de notre vie et celui de notre puissance.

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Que par conséquent tous les āyuktaka, tous les niyukta [[A MODIFIER : le texte est sarvva-naiyyokā¡ḥ !]], les rāja-vallabha et les sañcarantaka se rendent dans cette province [[A MODIFIER : tad avagamya]], respectent et fassent respecter ce terrain, avec toutes ses exemptions.

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Et quiconque transgressera ce commandement émanant de nous est un criminel qui encourt un châtiment corporel.

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Et il y a encore des stances : [[A MODIFIER : le texte est api cārṣa-ślokāḥ et non api cāpi ślokāḥ]]

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- Hormis le don de terre, d’autre don - Il n’y eut point et n’y aura point ; - Hormis le crime de s’en emparer, - Il n’y en eut point et n’y en aura point. -

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- Donnée par soi ou donnée par autrui, - Quiconque s’approprie une terre - Du meurtrier de cent mille vaches - Prend sur lui le crime. -

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J’ai émis ces tablettes de cuivre le dixième jour de la quinzaine sombre du mois Pauṣya, en la onzième AR victorieux du Grand Roi Siṁhavarman. »

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-In , the numbering of plates is wrong. This edition was prepared with rubbings of Elliot’s collection and Fleet was mislead by the fact that plate 1 recto and plate 5 verso, as they were blank, were not rubbed. This was pointed to us by Andrew Grout of the Edinburgh University Library, where the plates are today kept. -

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-Note the recurrent unstandard forms with diśi. -

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- śilopalaya-vṛto. 462 suggests that śilopalaya is equivalent to the Kannaḍa guḍḍe, that is, a heap of stones above a grave, used as a landmark. -

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- tad avagamya. Brocquet 1997 p383n524: “On peut aussi comprendre: Que tous les ... se trouvant dans cette province en prennent acte, et ... Toutefois, les “fonctionnaires” royaux dont il s’agit semblent plutôt appartenir à l’entourage immédiat du souverain, et se déplacer dans le royaume pour transmettre ou exécuter ses ordres - notamment les sañcarantaka, dont le titre est dérivé de la racine CAR-, se déplacer; il est donc peu vraisemblable qu’ils se trouvent déjà sur place, et qu’il faille prendre ava-GAM- dans le sens de “prendre acte”. Noter que dans l’inscr. N° 5, le mot avagamya est omis après le locatif”. But, as this is formulaic, one could understand that this order addresses any officer, who would, in the future, visit the place. -

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Edited in (SOCI no. 12) with facsimile and English translation; text and summary in (IP no. 6); text and French translation in (B no. 3); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Sylvain Brocquet & Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs of the original plates in Edinburgh University Library (2017). -

- - - - - - - - - - 45-48 - 6 - - - - - 377-383 - 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - IR 7 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00017.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00017.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 348baa883..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00017.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,511 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Paḷḷaṉ Kōvil copper plates, time of Siṁhaviṣṇu, year 6 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00017 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Sylvain Brocquet & Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Grant (paḷḷiccantam) of the village of Śramaṇāśrama/Amaṇcērkkai and of additional lands in Tāmar to Vajranandin of the Śrīvardhamāneśvaradharmatīrtha at Paruttikkuṉṟil for worshipping Jinendra. - - - -

Sanskrit: ...

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Tamil: ...

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See - - 45ff. - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
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- ... -

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- Plates: Sanskrit Portion - - - - - svarggāpavargga-praguṇāgra-mārgga - -prakāśi-vākyo jayatāj jinendraḥ - munīndra-devendra-narendra - -vidvad-vandāru-bṛndāraka-bṛnda-vandyaḥ . - - - - Āsīd ambuja-nābha-nābhi-jala-jād abjāsanoto ’ṃgirā - gīr-vvāṇeśa-gurus tatas tata-matiś śaṃyur bharadvājakaḥ - droṇo drauṇir ato ’bha-va-t pura-ripor aṃśas tataḥ pallavaḥ - śrīmān-nīradhi-nīra-nīlavasanā-kṣmā-vallabhā-vallabhaḥ . - - - - tataḥ pratata-kīrttiṣu prahata-loka-śokeṣv iteṣv - aśoka-harigupta-rāḍ·-pramukha-pallaveṣu kramāt· - praṇamra-nṛpa-kamra-moauly-aruṇa-ratna-raśmy-ātapat - -prabuddha-pada-paṃkajeṣv ajani siṃhavarmmādhipāt . - - - - ... - ... - ... - ... - - - - ... - ... - ... - ... - - - - ... - ... - ... - ... - - - - ... - ... - ... - ... - - - - ... - ... - ... - ... - - - - samasta-śāstra-niṣṇāta - dhiṣaṇo dhiṣaṇopamaḥ - mānyo nāmnāpi medhāvī - praśastiṃ kṛtavān imām· §§§§§§ - - -
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- -Plates: Tamil Portion - -

- kō-vicaiya-siṁhavarmmaṟ·ku yāṇ·ṭ’ āṟāvatu -

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- veṇ - kuṉ·ṟa-k-kōṭṭatu-p peru-nakara-nāṭṭu nāṭṭār· - kāṇ·ka -

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- tanṉ nāṭṭu Amaṇ·cērkkai parut·ti - k· kuṉ·ṟil· vajranandik kuravar·kkup paḷḷiccantam ā - ka-k· koṭuttōn -

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- tāṅkaḷum paṭākai naṭantu kal - luṅ· kaḷḷiyun nāṭṭi Aṟaiyōlai ceytu ko - - - - ṭuttu viṭutaka-v eṉ·ṟu nāṭṭār·kut tirumukam· viṭa -

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- nāṭṭā - run tirumukaṅ kaṇṭu toḻutu talaikku vait·tu paṭā - kai naṭantu kalluṅ· kaḷliyu nāṭṭi nāṭṭār viṭunta - Aṟaiyōlai-p paṭikk’ ellai -

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- kīḻ-pā - l ellai Ental ēriyiṉ· kīḻai-k kaṭaṟṟi - ṉ· mēṟ·kum ōmai-k· kollai Ellai Iṉṉu - m· teṉ·-pāl ellai vēḷ vaṭukaṉ· kēṇiyi - ṉ· vaṭakkum· kaṭaṟṟiṉ el·lai Iṉṉun· nīla-pāṭi - - - El·lai Iṉ·ṉum· vilāṭaṉ· kuṟ·ṟ-ēt·tat·t’ ellai - Iṉ·ṉum· mēl·-pāl ellai māv-ēt·tat·tu - vatiyiṉ· kiḻak·kum· mum·mūlai Ēt·tat·t’ ellai - Iṉṉum āṟ·ṟ’ ellai Iṉ·ṉum· vaṭa-pāl’ el· - lai peruṅ-kol·laiyiṉ· ṟeṟku Iṉ·ṉum - pāṇṭiyaṉ· kayatt’ ellai Iṉṉumu murukkaṅ· - kēṇi Ellai -

- -

- Ivv-icait·ta peru-nāṅk’ el· - lai-y akattum akap·paṭ·ṭa nilam· nīr·-nilamum· - - - puṉ·-cey·yum· kaḷarum· kaṉ·ṟu-mēy·-pāḻum· kāṭu - m· pīṭilikaiyum· kiṭaṅ·kuṅ· kēṇiyum maṉai - yum· maṉaip-paṭappum· Uṭump’ ōṭi Āmai tava - ḻntat’ el·lām· Uṇṇilaṉ ōḻiv’ iṉ·ṟi - kōvum· poṟiyum· māṟ·ṟi kuṭi nīkki Ivv-ūr - peṟṟa vajranandi-k· kuravar·kkē paḷḷic·cantam-āka tā - marilum· patiṉāṟarai-p· paṭṭi nilaṅ· koṭut - tōm· -

- -

- In-nilattiṟ·k’ el·lai kīḻ·-pāl e - - l·lai pulikiḻār· paṭṭiyiṉ· mēṟ·kum· teṉ·-pā - l el·lai muḷḷeṟi-pāt·t’ ellaiyiṉ· vaṭa- - k·kum· mēl·-pāl ellai pokku-vāy·-c cēru - viṉ kiḻakkum· vaṭa-pāl el·lai pallāṅ·ku - ḻi-k· kāviṉ teṟ·k·kum· -

- -

- In·-nāṉ·k’ el·lai - -y akattum· Akapaṭ·ṭa bhūmiyum· parutti-k kuṉ·ṟi - l· vajranandi-k· kuravar·kkē paḷḷiccantam-āka parada - tti ceṉṟatu narabhayaṉ āṇat·tiyāl . {si} § § - -

- - - -
-
- -
- - - - - -
-Plates: Sanskrit Portion - - - - - svarggāpavargga° - - - - ambuja° - aṃbuja° - - - - gīr° - gīr° - - - - kramāt· - kramāt· - - - - °moauly° - °mauly°. - - - - -
- -
-Plates: Tamil Portion - - - - - - - koṭuttu - In ko, only the kāl is unclear. - - - -
-
- -
- - - -
-Plates: Sanskrit Portion - -

- May Jinendra, whose words/commands are illuminating in the path of highest virtues which lead to heaven and final beatitude, be victorious, - He who is praised, for a multitude of aeons arakaThat is, ara., by the multitude of the great sages, great gods/Indra, great men/kings, wise men and panegyrists. -

-

- From he who is born on the waters on the navel of he whose navel is a lotusThat is, Brahmā, arising form the navel of Viṣṇu., sitting in the lotus posture, was born Aṅgiras; - From him, the preceptor who is the master of those who have words as arrowsThat is, Bṛhaspati, the preceptor of the gods and the purohita of Indra.; from him, Śaṃyu, whose thoughts are broad/concealed; from him, Bharadvājaka; - from him, Droṇa; from him, DrauṇiThat is, Aśvatthāman., who was a partial incarnation of the enemy of Pura; from him was born Pallava, - Who is the glorious beloved of his beloved earth, who has the waters of the ocean for her garments. -

- -

- Then, after Pallava kings, such as Aśoka, Harigupta, and others, were gone one after the other, - Their fame having spread in the world and their wordly pains having ceased prahattaLiterally, killed, defeated,, - Their lotus-feet having been awakened by the hot rays of the red jewels on the beautiful crowns - of bowing kings, from the king Siṃhavarman was born: -

- -
- -
-Plates: Tamil Portion - -
- -
- -
- -
-Plates : Sanskrit Portion - -

- PuisseLa fin de b (-tāj jinêndraḥ) permet de supposer un impératif en -tāt; il s’agit d’une invocation à Mahāvīra, ouvrant le texte d’une inscription qui enregistre une donation en faveur d’un ascète jaina, de la part d’un souverain dont il y a tout lieu de penser qu’il fut adepte de cette religion. La généalogie commence à la str. 2. le Seigneur Jina les plus hautes vertus qui conduisent au ciel et à la délivrance - - Lui que doit révérer la multitude des grands ermites et du roi des dieux -

- -

- Brahmā naquit du dieu dont le nombril est un lotus ; de lui naquit Aṃgiras, - De ce dernier GīrvāṇeśaLitt. « le maître des êtres ayant la parole pour flèches », appellation de Bṛhaspati. qui eut pour fils Śamyu ; puis vint Bharadvājaka, - Qui engendra Droṇa ; de ce dernier naquit celui qui fut une incarnation partielle de l’Ennemi de PuraAśvatthāman, incarnation partielle de Śiva. ; Pallava, - de la Fortune , qui fut l’époux de son épouse la Terre. -

- -

- Puis disparues les causes de douleur, - Aśoka ; quand, les uns après les autres, les Pallava , - Dont les rois, en s’inclinant, des rayons brûlants émanant des gemmes rougeoyants de leurs beaux diadèmes, - Eveillaient les pieds de lotus, Siṃhavarman naquit du souverainLe dernier mot (adhipāt) oblige à supposer que le nom du père de Siṃhavarman est mentionné, à l’abl., dans l’une ou l’autre des parties illisibles. -

- -

- Śrī-Siṁhaviṣṇu, qui dépassa Siṁhaviṣṇu= Narasiṁha (avatar de Viṣṇu), à moins qu’il ne s’agisse du nom d’un autre roi, que celui-ci aurait vaincu à la guerre. - Par sa force, dont l’arc surpassa même celui de Jiṣṇu= Arjuna., - Qui illustra sa lignée resplendissante, - Qui, dans les combats, repoussa les audacieuxIl semble que le verbe dont ce personnage est le sujet soit omis.. - -

- -

- C’est chez ce souverain doué d’une profonde intelligence que trouvèrent place l’ensemble des vertus immaculées des guerriers, qui ne trouvent pas de place chez les autres : notamment la vérité, le renoncement (/la générosité) et la modestie ; - Et mieux que son rival, il s’empara de la terre des Coḷa dont la Kāverī est le collier, les rizières et les champs de canne à sucre l’aṁśuka, les vergers de noix d’arech et de bananes la belle ceinture. -

- -

- Au lieu sacré de Śrī-Varddhamāneśvara, - Dans la noble congrégation de Śrī-Nandisaṁgha, par les chefs de la congrégation - Méritants, innombrables et vertueux, entouré d’une abondante - Compagnie, naquit, pareil à Gaṇin, Vajranandī. -

- -

- Le roi donna tout entier le village nommé Śramaṇāśrama, après en avoir délimité les frontières - A cet ascète, pour qu’il célèbre le culte du Seigneur Jina, au nom du groupe des grands ascètes adeptes du Seigneur Jina. -

- -

- L’exécuteur fut, en cette occasion, le ministre intrépide nommé Narabhaya, - Un homme avisé, réceptacle d’une multitude de nobles vertus, dont l’humilité et la sérénité. -

- -

- Comparable à Dhiṣaṇa par son intelligence rompue à tous les traités, - Celui dont le nom lui-même est digne d’honneur, Medhāvin composa ce panégyrique. -

- -
- -
- - - -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1958-1959/A/1958-1959/10).

- -

Edited and translated in (TASSI 1958-1959), with photos; text of the Tamil portion in ; edited in ; text and summary in (IP 17); text and French translation in (B 14).

- -

Edited and translated here by Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on previous editions, published visual documentation, and on a online photo (accessed 2024-04-21) of second fragment of plate 1, kindly pointed out to me by Centamiḻ Celvaṉ (April 2024). The apparatus is restricted mostly to variant readings compared to , which edition has been followed by most further editors.

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 89-93 - 17 - - - - - TBC - 14 - - - - - - - - - 3-4, 27 - A/1958-1959 - 10 - III - - - - - IR 21 - - - - - TBC - - - - -
- - - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00019.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00019.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 59bf1b4fe..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00019.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,201 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Taḷavāṉūr, time of Mahendravarman I - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00019 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - A Sanskrit verse recording the foundation of the cave-temple named Śatrumalleśvarālaya by Śatrumalla (Mahendravarman I Pallava) around 600/625 CE. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - - - daṇḍānata-narendreṇa - - - narendreṇaiṣa kāritaḥ - - - śatrumallena śaile ’smiN - - - śatrumalleśvarālayaḥ - - - - -
- -
- - - - - ’smiN - ’sminñ - - - - - -
- -
-

Narendra Śatrumalla, who has humbled kings by his army, caused to be made on this hill this temple named Śatrumalleśvarālaya.

-
- -
- -

- Le souverain dont l’armée fait plier les souverains fit construire, - Śatrumalla, sur cette colline ce temple de Śatrumalleśvara. -

- -
- -
-

See also INSPallava00020, a probably later Tamil foundation inscription of the same cave-temple.

-

daṇḍānata. Interpretation? See note in B.

-

narendra. Identification? See note in B.

-
- -
- -

-Edited and translated in , with a facsimile (EI 12, no. 27/A); text and summary in (IP no. 19); text and translation in 105 and in (B no. 16); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Sylvain Brocquet & Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs (2009). -

- - - - - - 320 - A - - - - - - - 97 - 19 - - - - 465-466 - 24 - - - - - - - - - 32, 39 - B/1905 - 51 - - - - 76 - - - - 272 - - - - 512 - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00020.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00020.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 9ac441714..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00020.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,284 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Talavāṉūr, time of Narēntirappōttaraiyaṉ - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00020 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - A Tamil verse recording the foundation of the cave-temple named - Catturumalleśvarālaiyam (Skt. Śatrumalleśvarālaya) by Narēntirappōttaraiyaṉ. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -
-Eastern face of the pillar - - - - - śrī toṇṭai-y-an-tār - -vēntaṉ narēntira - p-pōtt-araiyaṉ - - - ve - ṇpēṭṭiṉ ṟeṉ-pā - l mika makiḻntu ka - ṇṭāṉ - - - cara mikka ve - ñ-cilaiyāṉ ca - tturu-malleśva - rālaiyam eṉ - - - - ṟ’ ara - ṉukk’ iṭam āka-v āṅku - - - -
- -
- Southern face of the pillar - -

-Ivvūr bram -mamaṅkalavaṉ -cellaṉ civadā -sanṉ colliya -tu -

-
- -
- -
- -
-Eastern face of the pillar - - - - śrī - We follow here in considering śrī as an initial benediction. It could alternatively be analysed as a prefix to toṇṭai-y-an-tār-vēntaṉ, that is "the glorious śrī king with the beautiful garland of toṇṭai". - - - - vēntaṉ - vēntāṉ - - - - ṟeṉpāl - ṟeṉpāl - ṟeṉpāl - - - - kaṇṭāṉ - koṇṭāṉ - - - - catturu-malleśvarālaiyam - catturumalleśvarālaiyam - śattrumalleśvarālayam - Examination in situ enabled to reject the reading °ālayam. The alternative reading °āleyam is possible. - - - - eṉṟ’ araṉukk’ - eṉṟ’ araṇukk’ - eṉṟ’ araṇukk’ - - - - āka-v āṅku - āka-v aṅku - āka-v aṅku - - - -
-
- -
- Translation by Hultzsch (1913-1914). Standardised according to DHARMA TG and EG. - -
-Eastern face of the pillar -

-Prosperity! The king who wore a beautiful garland of toṇṭai, Narendra-Pōttaraiyaṉ, whose cruel bow bristled with arrows, made with great joy in the south of Veṇpēṭṭu this temple named Śatrumallēśvarālaya, to be the residence of Hara Śiva. -

-
-
- Southern face of the pillar -

- Brahmamaṅgalavaṉ Śellaṉ Śivadāsa of this village composed this. -

-
-
- -
-
-Eastern face of the pillar -

-Fortune ! Le roi à la belle guirlande de toṇṭai (ou : Le glorieux roi à la belle guirlande de toṇṭai), le roi-Pallava (ou : le roi-taureau) pōtt-araiyaṉ Narendra, dont l’arc cruel/furieux regorge de flèches, au sud de Veṇpēṭu le hameau blanc, avec grande joie, a fait en sorte kaṇṭāṉ, littéralement : a supervisé qu’il y ait pour Araṉ Skt. Hara, i.e Śiva un lieu iṭam nommé eṉṟu demeure du Seigneur de Catturumalla Skt. Śatrumalla. -

-
- -
- Southern face of the pillar -

-Ce qu’a composé colliyatu, littéralement : ce qu’a dit Brammamaṅkalavaṉ Cellaṉ Civadāsan Skt. Śivadāsa de ce village. -

-
- -
- -
-

See also INSPallava00019, a probably earlier Sanskrit foundation inscription of the same cave-temple.

-

Identification of Narēntirappōttaraiyaṉ to be discussed.

-

āṅku: either “there," that is, “here," that is in Veṇpēṭu, or “thus," concluding the verse, that is, “so was it done”

-
- -
- -

-Edited and translated by with facsimile and English translation (EI 12, no. 27/B); text and summary in (IP no. 20); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994)by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs (2008). -

- - - - - - 225-226 - B - - - - - 98-99 - 20 - - - - - - - - - 32, 39 - B/1905 - 50 - - - - - 7 - 11 - - - - - 71-68 - - - - - - - -
- - - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00022.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00022.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 4994a916b..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00022.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,208 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kuṭumiyāmalai, musical inscription 1 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00022 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Musical notation. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -
Blessings -

- siddhaM namaḥ . śivāyaḥ . -

-
- -
Section 1 -
- -
Section 2 -
- -
Section 3 -
- -
Section 4 -
- -
Section 5 -
- -
Section 6 -
- -
Section 7 -
- -
Coda 1 -
- -
Coda 2 -
- -
- - - -
- -
- -
- -
Coda 1 -

Disciple de Śrī-Rudrācārya, sectateur passionné de Maheśvara, le roi a composé ce traité sur les notes de musique, pour être utile à ses disciples.

-
- -
- -
- - -
- -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1904-1905/A/1904/354).

-

Edited in ... (EI 12.28); re-edited in (IPS 2); text in (IP 22); text portion in (B 18).

-

Encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2024).

- - - - - - 2 - 1-7 - - - - - 22 - 102-110 - - - - - 18 - 469-470 - - - - - - - - 11 - A/1904 - 354 - - - - - 2 - TBC - - - - - 3 - 3-10 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00023.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00023.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 531f9ca14..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00023.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,168 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kuṭumiyāmalai, musical inscription 2 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00023 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Mentions a musical instrument. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- parivādinidā -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

Copies of the same inscription, likewise with a rectangular frame (single-lined or two-lined), are found in Malayakkōvil (INSPallava00025 = IP 25) and twice in Tirumayyam (INSPallava00031 = IP 25; INSPallava00514).

- -
- -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1904-1905/A/1904/343).

-

Edited in (IPS 3); re-edited in (SII 17.372); text in (IP 23).

-

Re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on photographs (Csaba Dezső, 2005).

- - - - - - 3 - 7 - - - - - 372 - 162 - - - - - 23 - 111 - - - - - - - - - 11 - A/1904 - 343 - - - - - 3 - TBC - - - - - 3 - 10 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00024.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00024.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 9fda6841b..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00024.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,231 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Makēntiraravāṭi, time of Mahendravarman I - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00024 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - A Sanskrit verse recording the foundation of the cave-temple named Mahendraviṣṇugṛha by the - Guṇabhara (Mahendravarman I Pallava) around 600/625 CE. - - - -

The stone engraving of Grantha script is not yet fully mastered. This - inscription was engraved by a beginner or was one of the early - attempts to engrave Grantha script on stone.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - - - mahitatamaṁ satām upa mahendra-taṭākam idaM - - - sthiram uru kāritaṁ guṇabhareṇa vidāryya śilāM - - - jana-nayanābhirāma-guṇa-dhāma mahendrapure - - - mahati mahendra-viṣṇu-gṛha-nāma murāri-gṛhaṁ - - - - - -
- -
- - - - - upa - upa - - - - idaM - idaMṁ - The final M is written between lines 1 and 2, below the character da. - - - - śilāM - The final M is written between lines 2 and 3, below the character lā. - - - - mahati - mahati - - - - murāri-gṛhaṁ - murāri-gṛhaṁ - - - - -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Objet des plus chauds éloges auprès des gens de bien, solide et spacieuse, - Guṇabhara fit construire au bord de l’étang de Mahendra-taṭāka, en creusant la roche, - En la grande cité de Mahendrapura, cette demeure de vertus qui charment les yeux des hommes : - la maison de Murāri, nommée Mahendra-Viṣṇugṛha. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited and translated by , with a facsimile (EI 4, no. 19); text and summary in (IP no. 24); text and translation in 104-105, in (B no. 20), (IR no. 24); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Sylvain Brocquet & Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs (2004). -

- - - - - - - - - 104-105 - - - - 112 - 24 - - - - 472-473 - 20 - - - - - - - - - 9 - B/1896 - 13 - - - - - 17 - B/1943-1944 - 83 - - - - 64 - - - - 273 - - - - 512 - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00025.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00025.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 14fc7688a..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00025.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,179 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Malayakkōvil, musical inscription - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00025 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - ... - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -
- ... -

- parivādinidā -

-
- -
- ... -

- ... -

-
- -
- ... -

- ... -

-
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

Copies of the same inscription, likewise with a rectangular frame (single-lined or two-lined), are found in Kuṭumiyāmalai (INSPallava00023 = IP 23) and, twice in Tirumayyam (INSPallava00031 = IP 31; INSPallava00514).

- -
- -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1939-1943/B/1940-1941/221).

-

Edited in (IPS 4); text in (IP 25).

-

Re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on photographs (Valérie Gillet, 2009).

- - - - - - 4 - 7 - - - - - 25 - 113 - - - - - - - - - 100 - B/1940-1941 - 221 - - - - - 4 - TBC - - - - - 4 - 10-11 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00027.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00027.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 8e70a5b18..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00027.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,204 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Maṇṭakapaṭṭu, time of Mahendravarman I - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00027 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - A Sanskrit verse recording the foundation of a cave-temple by - Vicitracitta (Mahendravarman I Pallava) around 600/625 CE. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - - - Etad aniṣṭakam adrumam aloham asudhaṁ vicitracittena - - - nirmmāpitan nṛpeṇa brahmeśvara-viṣṇu-lakṣitāyatanaM - - - - -
- -
- - - - - aloham - aloham - - - - vicitracittena - vicitracittena - - - - °lakṣitāyatanaM - °lakṣitāyatanaM - - - - -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Sans briques, sans bois, - Sans métal, sans mortier, le roi Vicitracitta, - Fit construire ce temple, - Qui porte les marques de Brahmā, Īśvara et Viṣṇu. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited and translated by , with a poor facsimile (EI 17, no. 5); text and summary in (IP no. 27); text and translation in and in (B no. 22); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Sylvain Brocquet & Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs (2008, 2009). -

- - - - - - - - - 102-104 - - - - 117 - 27 - - - - 476-477 - 22 - - - - - - - - - 33, 39 - B/1905 - 56 - - - - 47 - - - - 272 - - - - 511 - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00029.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00029.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 150918bc3..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00029.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,204 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Cīyamaṅkalam, time of Mahendravarman I - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00029 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - A Sanskrit verse recording the foundation the cave-temple named Avanibhājana-Pallaveśvara by - Lalitāṅkura (Mahendravarman I Pallava) around 600/625 CE. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - - lalitāṁkurena rājñāva - ni-bhājana-pallaveśvaran nāma - - - kāritam etat svedhā-karaṇḍa - (m) iva puṇya-ratnānām - - - -
- -
- - - - - lalitāṁkurena - lalitāṁkurena - The anusvāra seems to be above the character tā. - - - °bhājana° - °bhājana° - - - svedhā° - svedhcchā° - This correction by Hultzsch might be unnecessary, as we can somehow make sense of the original text. - - - - -
- -
- -
- -
-

- Le roi Lalitāṁkura a fait construire cet édifice nommé Avanibhājana-Pallaveśvara, - Telle une corbeille faite à sa volonté, pour recueillir les joyaux de ses bonnes actions. -

- -
- -
-

Lalitāṅkura and Avanibhājana are birudas of the Pallava Mahendravarman I.

-

Avanibhājanapallaveśvara means "the temple of the Lord that is, Śiva of the Pallava Avanibhājana that is, Mahendravarman I Pallava", that is, alternatively "the temple of Śiva founded by the Pallava Avanibhājana”.

-
- -
- -

-Edited in (EI 6, no. 32/A); text and summary in (IP no. 29); text and translation in and in (B no. 24); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Sylvain Brocquet & Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs (2019). -

- - - - - - 320 - A - - - - 106 - - - - 120 - 29 - - - - 480-481 - 24 - - - - - - - - - 3, 52 - B/1900 - 67 - - - - 91 - - - - 276 - - - - 513 - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00030.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00030.xml deleted file mode 100644 index f1aa75579..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00030.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,149 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tirumayyam, musical inscription 1 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00030 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - ... - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- ... -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1906-1907/B/1906/386).

- -

Edited in (SII 12.7-A); text and summary in (IP 30).

-

Re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on photographs (Valérie Gillet, 2009).

- - - - - - TBC - 7-A - - - - - 30 - 121-122 - - - - - - - - - 31 - B/1906 - 386 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00031.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00031.xml deleted file mode 100644 index a62fe7032..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00031.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,164 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tirumayyam, musical inscription 2 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00031 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Mentions a musical instrument. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -
- ... -

- parivādinidā -

-
- -
- ... -

- ... -

-
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

Copies of the same inscription, likewise with a rectangular frame (single-lined or two-lined), are found in Kuṭumiyāmalai (INSPallava00023 = IP 23), Malayakkōvil (INSPallava00025 = IP 25) and, again, in Tirumayyam (INSPallava00514).

- -
- -
- -

Edited in (IPS 5); text in (IP 31).

-

Re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on photographs (Valérie Gillet, 2009).

- - - - - - 5 - 7 - - - - - 31 - 123 - - - - - - - - - 5 - TBC - - - - - 5 - 11 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00036.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00036.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 95f20d792..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00036.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,181 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Vallam, Vedānteśvara, pillar inscription of Kantacēṉaṉ - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00036 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the foundation of a cave-temple by Kantacēṉaṉ (Skt. - Skandasena), son of Vayantappiri (Skt. Vasantapriya) and servant of - Mayēntirappōttarēcaru (Mahendravarman I Pallava). - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Update the template - Creation of the file on the - repository - - - - -
- -
- Left/South Pillar -

- pakā-p·-piṭuku laḷitāṅ·kuraṉ· -

-
- -
- Right/North Pillar -

- cat·turum·mmallaṉ· kuṇaparaṉ· - mayēn·tira-p-pōt·t-arēcaru Aṭiyāṉ· - vayan·tap·piri Arēcaru makaṉ· kan·tacēṉa - ṉ· ceyivit·ta tēvakulam· -

-
- -
- -
- -
- -

Kantaceṉaṉ Skandasena, the son of Vayantappiriarecaru Vasantapriyarāja, the servant of Pakāppiṭuku Laḷitāṅkuraṉ Lalitāṅkura Catturummallaṉ Śatrumalla Kuṇaparaṉ Guṇabhara Mayentirappōttarecaru Mahendrapōtarāja, caused this temple devakula to be made.

- -
- - -
-

-Temple tēvakulam, Skt. devakula caused to be made by Kantacēṉaṉ Skt. Skandasena, son of the king arēcaru Vayantappiri (Skt. Vasantapriya), servant aṭiyāṉ of Pakāppiṭuku Laḷitāṅkuraṉ Skt. Lalitāṅkura Catturummallaṉ Skt. Śatrumalla Kuṇaparaṉ Skt. Guṇabhara Mayēntirappōttarēcaru i.e. Mahendravarman I Pallava. -

-
- -
-

It is not clear what the relation is between the two discrete inscriptions, each on a different pillar. We read them in succession as Pakāppiṭuku, Lalitāṅkura, Śatrumalla and Guṇabhara are well attested birudas of Mahendravarman I. We follow here the interpretation of .

-

Pōttarēcaru (and its variants, e.g. Pōttaraiyar) is a title of the Pallava kings. Mayēntirappōttarēcaru is Mahendravarman I (r. ca. 580-630).

-
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 2, no. 72) with facsimile and English translation; text and summary in (IP no. 36); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs (2004). -

- - - - - - 340-341 - 72 - - - - - 134 - 36 - - - - - - - - - 2, 8 - A/1892 - 185 - - - - - 61-64 - - - - - 267 - - - -
- - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00038.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00038.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 15a06ed54..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00038.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,174 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kūram, Keśavaperumāḷ, pillar inscription - - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00038 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Name of a Pallava king. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding - template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- śrī-pallava - mā-rācaṉ - māmallaṉ -

- -
- -
- -
- - -
- -

- The glorious great Pallava king Māmalla. -

- -

or

- - -

- Prosperity! -

-

- The great Pallava king Māmalla. -

- -
- -
- -

- It is not clear whether śrī is an auspicious beginning or an honorific prefix. -

- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 7, no. 42); text and summary in (IP n° 38); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020). -

- - - - - - 16 - 42 - - - - - 137 - 38 - - - - - - - - - 50 - B/1900 - 39 - renamed 39-A, when edited by as he realized that more than one inscription was registered under number 39. - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00042.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00042.xml deleted file mode 100644 index a398929e2..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00042.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,215 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tirukkaḻukkuṉṟam, Orukal Maṇḍapa pillar, time of Narasiṁhavarman I - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00042 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of land by Naraciṅkapōttaracar, the conqueror of Vātāpi, - to the Perumāṉaṭikaḷ of the mūlasthāna at - Tirukkaḵukkuṉṟam. - - - -

Reduplication of ḷ at morpheme’s boundary.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - śrīrī - -

- tiru-k-kaḻu-kuṉṟattu perumāṉ -ṉ-aṭikaḷḷḷukku

-

- kaḷattūr-kōṭṭat -tu tiru-k-kaḻu-k-kuṉṟa -ttu śrī-malai mēl -mūla-tāṉattu perumāṉ -n-aṭikaḷḷḷukku valipāṭṭu-p puṟam-ā -ka vātāpi koṇṭa naraciṅka-p --pōttaracar vayttatu -

- -
- -
- - - - tiru-k-kaḻu-kuṉṟattu - tiru-k-kaḻu-k-kuṉṟattu - - - - mūla-tāṉattu - mūla-tāṉattu - - - - 55 - 2 - - notes that the character mū seems to be corrected from śrī. - - - - - pōttaracar - - - - 55 - 3 - - notes that the final character r looks like the character ḻ. - - - - -
- -
-

Fortune!

-

To the glorious Perumāṉaṭikaḷ of Tirukkaḻukkuṉṟam.

-

That which Naraciṅkapōttaracar, the conqueror of Vātāpi, gave, as tax-free land puṟam for the purpose of worship vaḻipāṭu, to the Perumāṉaṭikaḷ of the mūlasthāna at Tirukkaḵukkuṉṟam on the glorious hill of Tirukkaḻukkuṉṟam in the Kaḷattūrkōṭṭam.

-
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in ; text and summary in (IP n° 42). -

-

Re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on the facsimile published in . -

- - - - - - 54-55 - I - - - - - 144 - 42 - - - - - - - - - 65 - C/1909 - 65 - - - - - 9 - 16 - - - - - 103-105 - - - - - 272 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00044.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00044.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 8df407ecc..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00044.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,188 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Ciṟṟampākkam step-stone - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00044 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the foundation of a temple (kōyil) by Kumāraṉ, the nephew - of Cōmāciyār. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- śrī-mahārāja-parameśvara-varummaṟkku yāṇṭu talaitt-ā - vatu -

-

- tūṇāṅ-kiḻavar-uḷ ālavāyil cōmāciyā - ru maru-maḵaṉ kumāraṉ e - ṭuppitta kōyil -

-

- - Aḻivum ce - ytār taṭumāv ēṟkka -

- -
- -
- - - - talaitt-āvatu - talaittāvatu - - - - Aḻivum - Aḻivum - ’s reading makes sense, but is not warranted on the facsimile, where one would read at once yuḻime or yuḻimē. - - - -
- -
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First year of the glorious Mahārāja Parameśvaravarman.

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The temple that Kumāraṉ, nephew (sister’s son) of Cōmāciyār in that is, from Ālavāy, one among the tūṇaṅ-kiḷavars has built.

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He who does ceytār harm aḻivu will be considered like ēṟkka taṭumāv.

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talaitt-āvatu. See 1993: The expression talaittu from talai is used adjectively in the sense of ’first’. The same usage may also be noted in the familiar phrase talaittu kuḷaṇḍai meaning ’first child’. For epigraphic usage of the word talai meaning ’first,’ we may note the expression Āṉi-ttalai-ppiṟaiyāl in the Takkōlam inscription (above, Vol. XIX, p. 87).

-

ālavāyil. connects this word with eṭuppitta (lines 3-4), suggesting that Ālavāy is the ancient name of Ciṟṟampākkam/Teṉkāraṇai. We follow Sircar’s opinion (editor’s note to ) that Ālavāy is the residence of Cōmāciyār. So does - - 147 - 1 - .

-

cōmāciyāru. See 2001: Sōmāśiyār may be contracted either from Sōmayājiyār or Sōmājiyār.

-

- maru-maḵaṉ. This term means more precisely “sister’s son” in the present case. -

- - -
- -
- -

-Edited in (EI 32, no. 23) with a facsimile; text and summary in (IP n° 44); re-edited and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on the facsimile published in . -

- - - - - - - - - - 146-147 - 44 - - - - - - - - - 12 - B/1947-1948 - 83 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00051.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00051.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 424687490..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00051.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,195 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Mahābalipuram, Ādivarāha cave, curse, no king, no year - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00051 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - A Sanskrit verse cursing those who do not worship Śiva. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - - - dhik teṣān dhik teṣāṁ punar api dhig dhig dhig astu dhik teṣāṁ - - - yeṣān na vasati hṛdaye ku-patha-gati -vimokṣako rudraḥ . - - - - - -
- - - -
- -

- Woe to them! Woe to them! Again woe woe woe woe be to them - In whose heart does not dwell the one who releases from going the wrong path: Rudra! -

-
- -
- -

- Malheur à ceux, malheur à ceux, et encore malheur, malheur, malheur à ceux - Dans le cœur de qui n’habite point celui qui délivre des mauvais chemins : Rudra ! -

- -
- -
- -
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-Edited in , with a facsimile; text and summary in (IP no. 51); text and translation in (B no. 36b); (IR no. 62); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Sylvain Brocquet & Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs. -

- - - - - - - - - - 167 - 51 - - - - 538 - 36b - - - - - - - - - 45 - B/1922 - 665 - - - - - 173 - - - - 288-289 - IR 62 - - - - 754 - IR 62 - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00052.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00052.xml deleted file mode 100644 index fdf53c405..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00052.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,342 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Pūñcēri, list of names - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00052 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - A series of names found on a group of rocks. The six first names (A, B, C, D, E, F) are found on the rock locally known as noṇṭi vīrappaṉ kutiraitoṭṭi ("the watering place of the horse of Noṇṭi Vīrappaṉ"), the seventh name (G) on a second rock nearby (G), the eighth name (H) on a third rock in the same place. - - - -

...

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -
- First Name -

- kevāta-peru - n·tac·caṉ· . -

-
- -
- Second Name -

- kuṇamal·laḥ -

-
- -
- Third Name -

- pay·yami - ḻip·pāṉ· . -

-
- -
- Fourth Name -

- cātamukkiyaṉ· - ma -

-
- -
- Fifth Name -

- kaliyāṇi -

-
- -
- Sixth Name -

- pe -

-
- -
- Seventh Name -

- namaḥ tiruvoṟṟiyūr Ābhājar . -

-
- -
- Eighth Name -

- kol·laṉ· semakaṉ· -

-
- -
- -
- -
- First Name - - - kevāta° - kevāta° - - - -
- -
- Second Name - - - - kuṇamal·laḥ - kuṇamal·la - - - -
- - - -
- Fourth Name - - - ma - - This line is not read by . - - -
- - - - - -
- Seventh Name - - - tiruvoṟṟiyūr - tiruvoṟṟiyūr - tiruveṟṟiyūr - It seems that this reading tiruveṟṟiyūr by is a typo. The ARIE reads tiruvoṟṟiyūr. also reads tiruvorriyūr or interprets the reading as such. This reading could not however be checked by lack of visual documentation. - - -
- - - -
- -
- -
- First Name -

- The great carpenter Kevātaṉ. -

-
- -
- Second Name -

- The virtue wrestler. -

-
- -
- Third Name -

- Payyamiḻippāṉ. -

-
- -
- Fourth Name -

- Cātamukkiyaṉ . -

-
- -
- Fifth Name -

- KaliyāṇiThat is, Sanskrit Kalyāṇi.. -

-
- -
- Sixth Name -

- Pe. -

-
- -
- Seventh Name -

- Homage! Ābhājar of Tiruvoṟṟiyūr. -

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- Eighth Name -

- Koḷḷaṉ Semakaṉ. -

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notes about A-E, G-H: - The following seven labels are engraved in archaic Tamil and Grantha characters on a group of rocks, one of which, on account of a natural cavity in it, is locally known as ’Noṇḍi Vīrappaṉ Kudiraitoṭṭi’. The names Kēvādaperundachchaṉ and Kollaṉ Śēmagaṉ found in this place indicate that the persons bearing these names belonged to the artisan class. One of the labels also gives the name Guṇamallaḥ.

-
- -
- -

A, B, C, D, E, and F Reported in (ARIE/1932-1933/B/1932-1933/105).

-

G Reported in Reported in (ARIE/1932-1933/B/1932-1933/106).

-

H Reported in Reported in (ARIE/1932-1933/B/1932-1933/107)

- -

- A, B, C, D, E, F and G, H Edited in (SII 12, n° 23A.1-7), with facsimiles (of A, B, C, D, H); text and summary in (IP no. 52.1-7); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020) based on published visual documentation and photographs (Emmanuel Francis, 2011). -

- -

- F Reported here and edited by Emmanuel Francis (2020) based on photographs (Emmanuel Francis, 2011). -

- - - - - - 11 - 23-A - II - - - - - 168 - 52 - - - - - - - - - - 17 - B/1932-1933 - 105, 106, 107 - - - - - 14 - - - - -
- - - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00061.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00061.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 59df61f0d..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00061.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,214 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Mahābalipuram, Kōṭikal Maṇḍapa, Biruda - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00061 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - A biruda. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - - -
-

- śrī-vāmāṁkuśaḥ -

-
- -
- - - - - śrī-vāmāṁkuśaḥ - 81 notes that the anusvāra is doubtful. It does not indeed appear clearly on the facsimile published in - - 8 - 19 - . In situ, it seems to be above the letter ku. - The visarga is clear in situ. 5861056 reads śrī-vāmāṅkuśa and notes that this should be analysed as a Vocative form. - - - - -
- -
-

- The glorious hook of Vāma Śiva. -

-

or

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- The glorious one whose hook is splendid/terrible/cruel. -

-

or

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- The glorious pleasant hook. -

-
- -
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- Le glorieux croc de Vāma Śiva. -

-

ou

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- Le glorieux au croc splendide/terrible/cruel. -

-

ou

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- Le glorieux aimable croc. -

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- The glorious Vāmāṅkuśa bearer of handsome elephant-goad. -

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- -
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- The inscription -- the only one on the monument bearing it -- consists in what appears to be a biruda, “gloryfying soubriquet”. Although Pallava kings have had hundreds of their birudas engraved on their monuments, this one does not appear among these and is found only on this pillar of the Kōṭikal Maṇḍapa. Note that the biruda Vāma is engraved twice on the Dharmarājaratha at Mahābalipuram. Vāmāṅkuṣa might be the biruda of one among the Pallava biruda-bearers of Mahābalipuram or of an obscure Pallava prince or, as suggested by 110, of a chief, subordinated to the Pallavas. -

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- -
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-Edited in (EI 10, no. 1.18), with a facsimile; text and summary in (IP no. 61); text and translation in ; re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Sylvain Brocquet & Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy, photographs (2009), and facsimile published in - - 8 - 19 - . -

- - - - - - 8 - 19 - - - - 11 - 23 - - - - 199 - 61 - - - - 586 - 45 - - - - - - - - - 36 - B/1907 - 530 - - - - 110 - - - - 289 - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00062.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00062.xml deleted file mode 100644 index c10759fc5..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00062.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,453 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Paṉaimalai, temple, time of Narasiṁhavarman II - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00062 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Foundation inscription of the Maheśvaracūḷāmaṇipallaveśvara by Narasiṁhavarman II Pallava. - - - -

Ornate Grantha script.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - viśvārambhādi-bījād ajani kila kaver aṁgirā nāma putro - vidyeśaṁ satya-pūta-tridaśa-gurum abhuūt tasya śaṁyus tanū jaḥ - tat-sūnor jjanma tejonidhir akṛta bharadvāja-nāmno munīndrāN· - droṇas tenodapādi prathita-bhuja-balo droauṇir aṁśaḥ purāreḥ . - - - - Aśvatthāmno ’tha tasmān nicita-guru-tapo-nirmmalād āvir āsīd - āmnāyād aṁga-vidyā-visara Iva mahī-vallavākhyaḥ - yasmād eṣa pathi vihita-padāt pāvane mānanīyo - mandākinyāḥ pravāhaḥ śaśina Iva mahān anvayaḥ pallavānāM· . - - - - samrājām aśvamedhāvabhṛtha-virajasāṁ bhūbhujāṁ pallavānām - aspṛṣṭāpal-lavānāṁ vimalatara-bharadvāja-vaṁśodbhavānāM· - ketor atkṣīṇa-bāhu-draviṇa-hṛta-mahī-cakra-vikhyāta-kīrtter - yyo devād ekamallād guha Iva paramād īśvarād ātta-janmā . - - - - bhuja-ddraviṇāvabhāsī - satvorjjitaḥ samara-dṛṣṭa-mahā-prabhāvaḥ - yo rājasiṁha Iti viśruta-puṇya-kīrttir - udvṛtta-śatru-nṛpa-kuñjara-rāja-siṁhaḥ . - - - - harttā dviṣad-vargga-samucchrayāṇāṁ - karttā ca kalyāṇa-paramparāṇāM· - citte sadā saṁbhṛta-bhakti-pūte - dhatte padaṁ yasya mṛgāṁka-moauliḥ . - - - - saṁrūḍhāmnāya-mūla-smṛti-vacana-mayāneka-śākhā-samagraḥ - śiṣṭācaārair vvteaiḥ phala-kusuma-kṛtākāntim ālambamānāaḥ - sad-vṛttāmbho-niṣekair ddruma Iva satatan tasya [- - u -]yaiś - chāyām ṛ jayati kali-yuga-grīṣma-tapte ’pi dharmmaḥ . - - - - mahībhujā maheśvara-cūḷā-maṇinā vinirmmite - sthitim etu maheśvaro maheśvara-cūḷā-maṇi-pallaveśvare . - - -
- -
- - - - - - - - satya-pūta-tridaśa-gurum - Conjectural restoration suggested by Dominic Goodall. - - - - bharadvāja-nāmno - The syllables janā are not readable on the new estampage (2011) as they are on the spot hidden behind a wood frame. - - - - - - - ’tha - The th misses a little hook inside on the bottom right, visible in other instances of this letter in the inscription (e.g. pathi). As such the letter looks like dha, but it must be tha. - - - - mahī-vallavākhyaḥ - In the space, of a length of one foot according to , left blank, for unclear reasons, bhaḥ palla is a plausible restoration, as suggested by on the parallel found in SII 1, no. 24, stanza 3. Thus mahī-vallabhaḥ pallavākhyaḥ - - - - vākhyaḥ - The space is left blank because of the drain spout of the adjacent subsidiary northern shrine, which indicates that this drain spout is not a later addition. - - - - eṣa - In the space, of a length of one foot according to , left blank, for unclear reasons, suggest to restore prabhūtaḥ or prajajñe. adds a further option: prasūtaḥ. - - - - aśvamedhāvabhṛtha° - The space is left blank because of the drain spout of the adjacent subsidiary western shrine, which indicates that this drain spout is not a later addition. - - - - paramād īśvarād ātta-janmā - This lacuna, due to a break in the stone, is retored as such, following from the parallel in SII 1, no. 24, stanza 5. - - - - - bhuja-ddraviṇāvabhāsī - - suggests to restore ... - - - - - citte - The space is left blank because of the drain spout of the adjacent subsidiary southern shrine, which indicates that this drain spout is not a later addition. - - - - saṁbhṛta° - Alternatively: saṁbhṛta° - - - - mṛgāṁka° - Alternatively: mṛgāṁka° - - - - - °mūla-smṛti-vacana° - - This part of the inscription is not entirely covered by the estampage published in ARIE and a portion covered by this estampage has since suffered damage. See new estampage (2011). - - - - - śīṣṭācaārair vvteaiḥ - śrīteḥ - This part of the inscription is not entirely covered by the estampage published in ARIE and a portion covered by this estampage has since suffered damage. See new estampage (2011). S.L.P. Anjaneya Sarma suggests to read, with a correction, variṣṭhaiḥ. - - - - °vṛttāmbho° - °vṛttāmbho° - In the letter mbho, the superscript element m appears to have been added after first engraving bho. - - - - - -
- -
- -

- From the poet kaviThat is, Brahmā, who uttered the Vedas. who is the primordial seed which gave beginning to the universe, the son named Aṅgiras engendered ajaniTo be taken as a causative form with °gurum as its direct object, as suggested by S.L.P. Anjaneya Sarma., as is well known kila, the lord of knowledge TridaśaguruThat is, “the preceptor of the tirthy [gods]," that is, Bṛhaspati. purified by truth. His son was Śaṁyu. From his son, the best among the sages munīndra, named Bharadvāja, was born a treasure of majesty tejas: Droṇa. By him tena was born DrauṇiThat is, Aśvatthāman., who is renowned for the strength of his arms and is a partial incarnation of the enemy of PuraThat is, Śiva.. -

- -

- ... - ... - ... - ... -

- -

- ... - ... - ... - ... -

- -

- ... - ... - ... - ... -

-

- ... - ... - ... - ... -

- -

- ... - By good conducts śiṣṭācārair ... - ... - ... -

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- In the MaheśvaracūḷāmaṇipallaveśvaraThat is, "[the temple of] the lord [installed by] Maheśvaracūḷāmaṇi." built by the king MaheśvaracūḷāmaṇiThat is, “he who has Maheśvara (that is, Śiva) as crown jewel," that is, a devotee of Śiva. let Maheśvara come into residence sthitim etu. -

- -
- -
- -

- - - - naquit Drauṇi, célèbre pour la force de ses bras, incarnation partielle de l’ennemi de Pura. -

- -

- Puis, issu de cet Aśvatthāman, purifié par les sévères ascèses qu’il avait multipliées, apparut, - Comme de la doctrine sacréeC’est-à-dire le Veda. s’écoule le flot des sciences annexes, le favori de la terre, nommé Pallava mahī-vallabhaḥ pallavākhyaḥ. - De ce dernier, qui avait posé le pied sur le chemin qui purifie, descend, - Comme le cours de la Mandākinī descend de la luneRencontrée lors de son passage sur la chevelure de Śiva., cette estimable et grande lignée des Pallava. -

- -

- Des Pallava, monarques suprêmes purifiés par le bain qui clôt le sacrifice du cheval, maîtres de la terre, - Jamais effleurés par le plus petit malheur, issus de la lignée, pure entre toutes, de Bharadvāja, - Celui qui fut l’emblème, et dont la gloire se répandit sur le cercle de la terre, conquise par son bras et sa richesse impérissables, - Le seigneur Ekamalla donna naissance à un fils – comme le divin Seigneur Suprême à Guha : -

- -

- brillant par son bras et sa richesse, - Puissant par sa natureIl n’est pas facile de déterminer les sens que revêt ici le mot sattva-, qui signifie « caractère », « qualité innée », ou, plus particulièrement, « fermeté », « énergie », « courage » – mais qui désigne aussi le plus haut des trois guṇa, la pureté, qualité spécifique des brahmanes. Les Pallava (on le voit du reste dans cette inscription) prétendaient être d’origine brahmanique, ce qui rend plausible cette seconde interprétation. Le composé indiquerait alors que Rājasiṁha doit sa puissance à sa pureté, plutôt qu’à ses qualités guerrières, auxquelles font référence les deux autres qualificatifs de cet hémistiche., révélant au combat sa force immense, - Celui-ci, sous le nom de Rājasiṁha, vit se répandre sa gloire sans tache, - Et fut un lion royal pour ces éléphants qu’étaient ses ennemis gonflés d’orgueil. -

-

- Il est le destructeur d’une multitude d’armées ennemies, - L’auteur d’une suite ininterrompue d’actes auspicieux, - Celui dans le cœur duquel, sans cesse purifié par les dévotions accomplies, - Le dieu dont la lune orne le diadème pose son pied. -

- -

- riche de multiples branches/écoles, - déployant la beauté de ses fruits et de ses fleurs, - Pareille à l’arbre qu’asperge sans cesse l’eau de ses actes vertueux, - bien que brûlée par la chaleur de l’âge Kali, le dharma est victorieux ! -

-

- ... - ... - ... - ... -

- -
- -
-

The now fully available mythical ancestry of the Pallavas in the stanzas 1 gives the canonical list of mythical ancestors of the Pallavas, except that Viṣṇu (from whose navel arose Brahmā) is not mentioned: Brahmā (kavi), Aṅgiras, Bṛhaspati (tridaśaguru), Śaṁyu, Bharadvāja, Droṇa, Aśvatthāman (drauṇi, purāreḥ aṁśa).

-
- -
- -

- Reported in (ARIE/1915-1916/B/1915/616) with a plate; - reported again in (ARIE/1974-1975/B/1974-1975/109), when until then covered portions were exposed following renovation work. -

- -

- First translated in ; - Edited in with translation (revised by S. Krishnaswami Aiyangar) and visual documentation and in with French translation and visual documentation; - re-edited and translated in ; - re-edited in ; - re-edited and translated in (EI 19, no. 18B); - text and summary in (IP no. 62); - text and translation in (B no. 46). -

-

- Re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Sylvain Brocquet & Emmanuel Francis (2023), based on published visual documentation, autopsy, partial new estampages (2011) and photographs (2011). First edition and translation of the complete text. -

- - - - - - Not available to us. - - - - - 11-23 - II - - - - - 10-21 - II - - - - - - - - - 574-575 - - - - - 109-115 - B - - - - - 200-202 - 62 - - - - - 587-591 - 46 - - - - - - - - - - 61, 114 - B/1915 - 616 - III - - - - - 4, 33 - B/1974-1975 - 109 - - - - - IR 43 - - - - - 246 - SII 30, no. 264. Text carelessly reproduced from EI 19, no. 18B. - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00063.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00063.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 61af7aa7a..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00063.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,206 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Paṉaimalai, cave, eulogy, time of Narasiṁhavarman II - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00063 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - A sanskrit verse in praise of Narasiṁhavarman II Pallava, wishing him a long reign. - - - -

Ornate Grantha script.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - rāja-siṁho raṇa-jayaḥ - śrī-bharaś citra-kārmukaḥ - Eka-vīraś ciram pātuḥ - śiva-cūḷā-maṇir mmahīM - -
- -
- - - - - rāja-siṁho - rāja-siṁho - rāja-siho - - - - citrakārmukaḥ - citrakārmukaḥ | - - - - - pātuḥ - pātu - pātī - - - - -
- -
-

- - May Rājasiṁha the lion among kings Raṇajaya the victorious one among kings - Śrībhara the Fortune-bearer Citrakārmuka he whose quiver is a wonder - Ekavīra the unique hero Śivacūḍāmaṇi he who has Śiva as diadem protect the earth for long. -

-
- -
-

- Puisse Rājasiṁha, le vainqueur au combat, - Celui qui apporte la prospérité, celui qui possède un arc resplendissant, - Le héros unique, longtemps protéger la terre, - Lui qui porte Śiva comme diadème ! -

- -
- -
-

The same verse is found in two other inscriptions of Narasiṁhavarman II. See INSPallava00054 (stanza 12) and INSPallava00060 (stanza 3).

-
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 1, no. 31); text and summary in (IP no. 63); text and translation in (B no. 47); re-edited by (SII 30, no. 266); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Sylvain Brocquet & Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs (2011). -

- - - - - - 24 - 31 - - - - - 203 - 63 - - - - - 586 - 45 - - - - - 247 - 266 - - - - - - - - - 61 - B/1915 - 618 - - - - 110 - - - - 289 - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00070.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00070.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 329fb533d..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00070.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,183 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kāñcīpuram, temple-name on slab, time of Mahendravarman - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00070 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - The name of a temple: Mahendravarmeśvaragṛha. - - - -

- Halanta - m is used, with - proto-virāma.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- śrī-mahendra-varmmeśvara-gṛhaM -

- -
- -
- - - - śrīmahendravarmmeśvaragṛhaM - śrīmahendravarmmeśvaragṛhaM - - - - -
- -
- -

The glorious temple of the Lord of Mahendravarman.

-

or

-

The temple of the Lord of the glorious Mahendravarman.

- -
- -
-

Le glorieux temple de Mahendravarmeśvara.

-

ou

-

Le temple d’Īsvara du glorieux Mahendravarman.

-
- -
-

The lack of context hinders the identification of the Pallava Mahendravarman. But paleography could help when comparing with similar labels (see INSPallava00488-00489). Observe and compare the shape of the characters śa and ga. See ARIE argument (p. 54) and others (IP, SRB).

-
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 12, n° 31); text and summary in (IP no. 70); text and translation in (B no. 53/c); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Sylvain Brocquet & Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on the facsimile published in - I - .

- - - - - - 13 - 31 - - - - - 214 - 70 - - - - - 611 - 53/c - - - - - - - - - 8, 54 - B/1932-1933 - 1 - I - - - - - 293-294 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00071.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00071.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 12ccc3fc7..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00071.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,393 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruvatikai slab - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00071 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of paddy and gold by Maṇiyaṉ, a devotee of the Mahādeva of - the Akattiśvaram temple in Aviṉūr. - - - -

Puḷḷi. In line 53 note the Grantha yu, with two strokes for the u.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - -
- - - - svasti śrī - - -

- paramēccura-p - -pōt·taraiyar·k·ku yāṇ·ṭu mū - ṉṟ-āvatu -

- -

- Aviṉūr·-t tiru-Akatti - śvarattu mahādevar aṭiyāṉ maṇi - yaṉ· tiru-p·-pali pōtavataṟkum tiru - -Amiutukkum Oṭ·ṭi-p poli-y-ūṭṭu vait·ta - (pa)ric-āvatu -

- -

- koṟut·talai nāc·caṉ ma - ṇ·ṭaiyāḻ·vāṉ r ēt·tattu - makiḻar ēttattu mēl Uṭaiya Aññū - ṟṟu-k kāṭiyum -

- -

- Ūruṇi Akattu-p· po - ṟkuṉṟa-c-caṭaṅ·kaviyār ēttattu mēlai pirā - - ya]-ceṟuviṉ ṟalai Uṭaiya kalam [space=1] - nel· mu-p·-patiṉ· kāṭiyum· poṉ· kaḻañ· - cum· -

- -

- Ic-ceṟuviṉuḷ poṟ·ṟattaṉār kūṟā - yatum· koṭuṅ· ceṟuvu tala-c·-camāṭāka - nel Amain-patiṉ kāṭikkum poli-Ūṭ - ṭ’ uṇṇa Uṭaiyatu koṟut·talai po - ṟkkattiyār makanṉ iṭai Ūruṇi-Akat - tu kaiyiṭoṟ·ṟi Uṭaiya kalam poṉ Aṟu - kaḻañcum neṟ· patiṉāṟ·ṟu kāṭiyum -

- -

- kaiviṭo - ṟṟi koṟuttalai-p poṟṟāḻiyārr iṭai - Ūruṇi-Akattu-k koṇṭaṇaṅkuḻi Iva - r-uṭaiya nilattiṉ· ṟalaiyum· karuppēt· - tattu Ivar-uṭaiya mūṉ·ṟu ceṟuviṉ ṟa - laiyum āka Uṭaiya kalam Aṟu kaḻañcum - nel Aṟupatiṉ kāṭiyumm -

- -

ik-ko - ṇṭaṇaṅ-kuḻi naṭuvil Iraṇṭu ku - ṭiṉ· ṟalaiyum· koṇṭaṇaṅ-ki - ḻavar poḻa naṉtiyār iṭai Uṭai - ya nāṟpatiṉ· kāṭi nel·lum -

- -

- piṇṭi - Ūṭ·ṭippaṭṭi-t· tēvapūti Aṅ·kamaṇi - peṟṟa ceṟuviṉ· ṟalai-Uṭaiya nel· nā - nāṟpatiṉ· kāṭiyum· -

- -

koṟuttalai-p - poṟ· kattiyār makanṉ iḻuk·kaṅkāṭṭu - -p-paṭṭi nilattilum lamaṉa paṭṭi-t - talai Uṭaiya Añ-ñAin-ūṟṟu kāṭiyum -

- -

- koṟuttalai-p poṉ· ṉilaṉār ētat - ttu-p· paṭṭi nilan talai-c-caimāṭ-āka - Uṭaiya nel·ll· añ-ñūṟain-nūṟṟu-k kāṭiyum -

- -

- Aḻicu-p· poṟ·ṟiṇṭat tiruvētiyā - r talai-p·-pāṭakkattu Āṟu ceṟuviṉ ṟa - lai-Uṭaiya kalam· Aṟu kaḻañcu poṉ· - ṉum· -

- -

- Ivar-iṭayē vaṭa-pālai paḷḷa-c - ceṟuviṉ ṟalai muppatiṉ kāṭi nel - lum poli-Ūṭṭu -

- -

Aḻicūr ciṟṟayaṉ ta - lai-p-pāṭakattu muūṉṟu ceṟuviṉ ṟalai - yum Aṟupatiṉ kāṭi nellālum pa - tiṉ· Añkāṭi nellum poli-Ūṭṭu - vat’ ākavum -

- -

Iṉ-nel mutalāl patiṉ kā - ṭiyāl Oru kāṭi nel· poli-Ūṭṭuva - tum poṉ kaḻañciṉ vāy Aṟu - kāl nel· poli Uṉpat’ ākavum -

- -

- sabhaiyuM panmāheśvararuM - IddharmmaM rakṣittār aṭi Eṉ ṟalai - mēlaṉa . -

-

- kāl·kaṭu taṭ·ṭam -

-
- -
- - - - - mūṉṟ-āvatu - muṉṟ-āvatu - - - - Amiutukkum - Amitukkum - - - - maṇ·ṭaiyāḻ·vāṉ - maṇ·ṭaiyāḻ·vā - - - - ēt·tattu - ēttatu - ēttattu - - - - ēttattu - ētattu - ēttattu - - - - Amain-patiṉ - Añpatiṉ - Aiñpati - - - - patiṉāṟ·ṟu - patiṉāṟ - - - - karuppēt·tattu - karuppēttatu - karuppēttattu - - - - kāṭiyummik-koṇṭaṇaṅ-kuḻi - kāṭiyum mikkoṇṭaṇaṅkuḻi - kāṭiyum ikkoṇṭaṇaṅkuḻi - - - - ku - ṭiṉ· - kuḻiyiṉ - The reading kuḻiyiṉ however makes better sense. - - - - naṉtiyār - naṉtiyār - - - - makanṉ - makan - makaṉ - - - - ētat - ttu-p· - ētat - tup - ēttat - tup - - - - añ-ñūṟain-nūṟṟu-k kāṭiyum - aññūṟṟu kāṭiyum - añ-ñūṟain-nūṟṟuk kāṭiyum - - - - -pāṭakkattu - pāṭakkattu - pāṭakkattu - - - - muūṉṟu - muṉṟu - mūṉṟu - - - - -Ūṭṭuvatum - Ūṭṭuvatum - It seems that there is one more character engraved between Ūṭṭuva and tum, but this would hardly make sense. - - - - -
- -
- - -

- Prosperity! Fortune!

-

- Third year of ParamēccurppōttaraiyarThat is, the Pallava king Parameśvara..

-

- This is the way that Maṇiyaṉ, the devotee atiyāṉ of the Mahādeva of the glorious Akattiśvaram at Aviṉūr, gave interests so as provide oṭṭi for the food-offerings amutu and for what is adequate pōtavataṟku for the glorious offerings paliThat is, Sanskrit bali.:

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

- The feet of those, among the assembly sabhai and the Panmāheśvarars, who protect this pious donation dharma are on my head.

-

... kālkaṭu taṭṭam.

- -
- -
-

- It is not clear in favour of which god the donation is made: the Mahādeva of Tiruvatikai, the find-spot of the slab, or the Mahādeva of the Akattiśvaram temple in Aviṉūr, the residence of the donor Maṇiyaṉ.

-

- sabhaiyuM panmāheśvararuM. It is not clear if this phrase is the signature of the record or if, as translated above, it is part of the following benediction phrase.

-

After this final line, a later phrase, unrelated to the original record and consisting in a name (nataṅ·karācareṭ·ṭi) has been engraved upside down.

- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 8, no. 331); text and summary in (IP no. 71); re-edited and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on photographs (2007). -

- - - - - - 177-178 - 331 - - - - - 215-217 - 71 - - - - - - - - - - 22 - B/1903 - 56 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00072.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00072.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 7b5086934..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00072.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,194 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Viriñcipuram, time of Nandivikramavarman, year 9 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00072 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Seemingly records the grant of exemptions to merchants (nakarattārs). - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - śrī - - -

- kōvicaiya-nanti-vikkirama-paruma - ṟku yāṇṭu Oṉpatāvatu -

- -

- peru - māṉaṭikaṉ cerut=talai-maṅkala - tu nakarattārkku Uḷḷūr - viṭṭu sarvvaparicālam koṭu - viṭēlviṭuku mammaḷi na - ṇamum pi - m maḻit -

- -
- -
- - - - cerut=talai° - ceruvālai° - - - - paricālam - Seems to be a variant of parikāram (Skt. parihāra). - - - -
- - -
- -

- Fortune! -

-

- Ninth year of the victorious king Nandivikramavarman. 

-

- perumāṉaṭikaṉ, for the nakarattārs of Ceruttalaimaṅgala, Uḷḷūr viṭṭu sarvvaparicālam koṭu Viṭēlviṭuku mammaḷi na - ṇamum pi - m maḻit -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Date phrase Edited in (SII 1, no. 124); fully edited by (SII 5, no. 54); text and summary in (IP n° 72); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020). -

- - - - - - 133 - 124 - - - - - 518 - 54 - - - - - 137 - 221 - - - - - - - - - 55 - B/1939-1940 - 206 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00073.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00073.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 103f5ac28..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00073.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,178 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruveḷḷaṟai, Puṇḍarikākṣaperumāḷ, pillar, time of Nandivarman II, year - 10 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00073 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Lacunose. Mentions Nandivarman II Pallava and Vicaiyanalluḻāṉ of the Ādityakula. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - -

- nan=di-parmmakrkku yāṇṭu - 10 ÷ -

-

- pallava-kula-tilaka - nan=dipanmaṟrkku ā - dit=ta-kula-ketana - vicaaiya-nalluḻā - raiyaṉāl ni - ni ḷiṭam - yā tiyā - yā -

- -
- -
- - - - 10 ÷ - It is unclear what the symbol "÷" represents in . It seems to be an abbreviated form of the ordinal suffix -āvatu. - - - - -
- -
- -

Prosperity! Fortune!

-

10th year of Nandivarman.

-

to Nandivarman the ornament of the Pallava lineage

-

Vicaiyanalluḻāṉ the banner of the Āditya lineage

-

[too lacunose to be translated]

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 12, no. 32); text and summary in (IP n° 73); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020). The available visual documentation (photos, 2011) does not enable to assess the edition by , as the inscription is too heavily damaged. -

- - - - - - 14 - 32 - - - - - 222 - 73 - - - - - - - - - 33 - B/1905 - 537 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00074.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00074.xml deleted file mode 100644 index b921d5cb2..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00074.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,246 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Cāttamaṅkalam (1) - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00074 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - śrī - -

- nanti-p-pōttarai - carkku-p patiṉāṉk-āvatu -

-

- I - p-paḷḷi-Uṭai-Ārai nīkki Irun - ta tavacikaḷukku-p piccai Eḻu - kaḻañcu poṉ Ivv-ūr antai I - ḷaiyār appaṇanti vaitta Aṟam -

-

- kaḻañciṉāl Uḻakk’ arici muṉ kuṟaṭṭi - vaittatu -

-

- Ivv-aṟam ūrōṅ kāp - pōm āka Oṭṭiṉōṅ kāmakkō - ṭṭam aḻitta pāvam āka Oṭṭiṟ 2 nā - l-vāy uḻakk’ arici-Um muṭṭiṟ kō-Iṟku - nāḷ-vāy oru kāṭi neṟṟaṇṭam -

-

- Ip-poṉ ṟaṭṭārkkulam paṭātu -

- - -
- -
- - - - - -pōttaraicarkku-p - -pōttarēcarkku-p - -pōttaraicarrkku-p - - - - Ivv-ūr antai - Ivv-ūr āṉtai - - - - appaṇanti - appaṉanti - - - - kaḻañciṉāl - kaḻañciṉāl - kaḻañciṉāl - kaḻañciṉāl - - - muṉ kuṟaṭṭi - muṉ kuṟaṭṭi - muṉ kuṟaṭṭi - muṉ kuṟaṭṭi - - - Oṭṭiṉōṅ - Oṭṭiṉāl - Oṭṭiṉōṅ - Oṭṭiṉōṅ - - - Oṭṭiṟ 2 - Oṭṭiṟ - Oṭṭiṟ 2 - Oṭṭiṟ - - - kō-Iṟku - kōka - kō-Iṟku - kō-Iṟku - - - ṟaṭṭārkkulam - paṭṭārakkulam - ṟaṭṭārkkulam - ṟaṭṭārkkulam - - - - -
- -
- - -

Fortune!

-

Fourteenth year of Nantippōttaraicar.

-

The pious donation aṟam that Antai Iḷaiyār Appananti, of this village, gave for the ascetics who reside here, excluding those belonging uṭai to this paḷḷi: seven kaḻañcus of gold, as alms piccai.

-

With one/per kaḻañcu, one uḻakku of rice … muṉ kuṟaṭṭi is to be given/provided vaittatu.

-

This pious donation, We, the members of the ūr, shall protect, … oṭṭiṉōṅ.

-

As the sin of ruining the Kāmakkōṭṭam, … Oṭṭiṟ = oṭṭiṉ/oṭṭil?.

-

Daily, one uḻakku of rice … muṭṭiṟ = muṭṭiṉ/muṭṭil?.

-

To the king daily one kāṭi … neṟṟaṇṭam.

-

This gold is not to befall paṭātuLiterally: “to happen”. to the lineage of goldsmiths ṟaṭṭārkkulam.

- -
- -
- -
- -
-

appaṇanti. IP: “May be read as Iḷaiyār Bavanandi.” But not granted: there might have been one Appananti and one Pavananti.

- -
- -
- -

-Edited in ; re-edited by ; text and summary in (IP no. 74); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 158 - - - - 122 - - - - 74-75 - 74 - - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00075.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00075.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 900a8272d..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00075.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,231 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Mallām, donation, time of Nandivarman II, year 35 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00075 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of land for a lamp (and offerings?) for the Subrahmaṇya at - Tiruvāṉpūr in the Peyiyūriḷaṅkōṭṭam. - - - -

The puḷḷi is used.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - -

- nanti-p·-pōtt-aracarkku-p pa - tiṉaint(·)-āvatu -

-

- peyīyūr-iḷaṅ-kō - ṭ·ṭattu tiruvāṉ·pūr subrahmaṇyaṉ A - vv-āṟṟē-p poṉ Ayimpatt’ aiṅ-ka - ḻañciṉ-uḷḷum matuvār aṭṭuvitta-k - kaḻañcu poṉṉum viḷak·k-avi - -p puṟam-āka Āḷuva-Aracar viṇṇa - ppattiṉāṟ caḷukki-Aracar āṇa - tti-y āka-p paṇittōm· -

-

- nāṭṭā - rum Ūrārum Āḷ·vāṉum Aṟamaṟavaṟka -

-
- -
- - - - - peyīyūr- - peyyūr- - peyiyūr- - peyyūr - - - - tiruvāṉ·pūr - tiruvāṉpūr - tiruvāṉpmūr - - - - subrahmaṇyaṉ - subrahmaṇyan - - - - poṉ - pon - pon - - - - -kaḻañciṉ-uḷḷum - -kaḻañci koḷḷum - -kaḻañciṉ-uḷḷum - - - - aṭṭuvitta-k - aṭṭuvitta - - - - viḷak·k-avi-p - viḷakka-p - viḷak·k-avi-p - - - - Āḷ·vāṉum - Āḷavāḷum - Āḷvāṉum - Āḷuvāṉum - - - - -
- -
- -

Prosperity! Fortune!

-

Twenty-fifth year of Nantippōttaracar.

-

For the Subrahmaṇya of Tiruvāṉpūr in the Peyyūriḷaṅkōṭṭam, in that manner, among -uḷḷum fifty-five kaḻañcus of gold, we have ordered/declared these/some of these kaḻañcus of gold that the Matuvārs had given as tax-free land for a lamp and offerings, at the request/petition of Āḷuva Aracar whereas the order/execution was by Caḷukki Aracar.

-

The nāṭṭārs, the Ūrārs, and the ruler shall not forget maṟavaṟka this pious act aṟam!

- -
- -
-

Tiruvāṉpūr = Tiruvāṉmūr, according to .

-

Matuvārs = toddy drawers?

-

On the identity of Caḷukki Aracar and Āḷuva Aracar, see . Caḷukki Aracar appears to be the executor of the order of a superior king (Nandivarman II Pallava?) rather than the issuer and/or executor of his own order.

- -
- -
- -

-Edited in ; re-edited, with improvements, in ; text and summary in (IP n° 75); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on the facsimile published in . -

- - - - - - 429-430 - before p. 429 - - - - - - - - - 225-226 - 75 - - - - - - - - - 52 - B/1908 - 488-515 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00078.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00078.xml deleted file mode 100644 index a0444aa59..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00078.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,237 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Uttiramērūr, Vaikuṇṭhaperumāḷ, larger platform, southern base, time of - Nandivarman, year 24 - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00078 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file on the - repository - - - - - -
- - svasti śrī - -

- nan=ti-varmmarkku yāṇt’ irupattu nāl-āvatu -

-

- Uttarameru-caturvvedi-maṅkalatt’ iśāna-diśai-brahmeśvara-gṛhattu mahādevarkku Ivv-ūr madhyasthaṉ caāturvvaidya -perumañcikaṉ-ēṉ kurava-ciri-viṣṇukumāra-trivediyār paṅkiṉ vaḻi mutal iṭṭu nālām pāṭakamum irāyūr-t taṭakk-aṭiyār brahmāṇiyār paṅkiṉ vaḻi mutal iṭṭu nālām -pāṭakamuṅ kuṇṭūr-k kantama-c-caṭaṅkaviyār paṅkiṉ vaḻi mutal iṭṭ’ iraṇṭām pāṭakamum imm-muūṉṟu pāṭakamum yāṉ ivar pakkal vilaikku-k koṇṭ’ uṭaiyaṉ Avippuṟam-āka-k ku -ṭuttēṉ -

-

-ivaṟṟiṉ bhogattāl nityamu-n-nāḻi Arici ney-y uṭppaṭa Iraṇṭu poḻutun tiru-v-amirtu kāṭṭuvāṉ āka-p paṇittōm -

-

- im-muūṉṟukkum eppoērppaṭṭa Iṟaiyu -m oḻintōm -

-

- brāhmaṇaṉ ārādhitt’ uṇpāṉ āka-p paṇittōm -

-

- mahāsabhaiyōm -

-

- im-maṇḍapattiṉukk’ ācāryyaṉ kārīśvara-sūnu-vastuvidyāmayan= nak=kaṉ eḻuttu -

-
- -
- - - - nan=ti-varmmarkku - nan=ti-vanmarkku - - - - Uttarameru° - Ut=tarameru° - - - - caturvvedi - caturvvedi - - - - - - - - - caāturvvaidya - cāturvvaidya - - - - °viṣṇukumāra° - °viṣṇukumāra° - - - - nityamu-n-nāḻi - nityammunnāḻi That is, nityam munnāḻi. - - - - ārādhitt’ - ārāditt’ - The latter reading is most probably a typo. - - - - ācāryyaṉ - ācāryyaṉ - - - -
- -
- -

Prosperity! Fortune!

- -

Twenty-fourth year of Nandivarman.

- -

To the Mahādeva of the Īśānadiśā-brahmeśvaragṛha (the temple of the Lord of Brahmā in the north-east direction) in Uttaramēru-caturvedimaṅgala; I, Perumañcikaṉ, caturvaidya and madhyastha of this village; after giving iṭṭuLiterally, “after placing”. a capital from vaḻi a share of the honourable Kuravaciri Viṣṇukumāra Trivedin, his fourth plot; after giving a capital from a share of the honourable Brahmin lady, wife of of the honourable Taṭakkaṭi of Irāyūr, her fourth plot; after giving a capital from a share of the honourable Kantamaccaṭaṅkavi of Kuṇṭūr, his second plot; these three plots, me yāṉ having bought vilaikku-k koṇṭuLiterally “having got a price for”. them from these three ivar, -I have given them as avippuṟam for the Lord uṭaiyaṉ, i.e. Mahādeva of the Īśānadiśā-brahmeśvaragṛha. -

-

-With the revenue bhogattāl of these ivaṟṟiṉ, we have ordered that there be permanenty nityam one who offers kāṭṭuvāṉ glorious amṛta tiru-v-amirtu twice a day up to uṭpaṭaLiterally, “so as to include”. three nāḻis munnāḻi of rice and ghee. -

-

-For these three plots we have exempted oḻintōmLiterally: “we have excepted, cleared”. taxes, of whatsoever kind. -

-

-We have have ordered that there be a Brahmin feeding the Lord when worshipping. -

-

-So did We, We, the members of the great assembly mahāsabhaiyōm. -

-

-Writing of Vastuvidyāmaya, son of Kārīśvara, the ācārya attached to this maṇḍapa. -

- -
- -
-

tiru-v-amirtu, “glorious amṛta", is usually translated as “sacred food-offerings”.

-

The maṇḍapa is the Vaikuṇṭaperumāḷ itself. Cf. Gros, etc. Not a temple properly at that period, but the assembly hall. If a temple nonetheless, also the assembly hall.

-
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 6, no. 356); text and summary in (IP no. 78); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) and translated for the first time by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs (2019). -

- - - - - - 356 - 166 - - - - 256-257 - 78 - - - - - - - 18 - B/1898 - 72 - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00079.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00079.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 13ccea35b..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00079.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,176 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Rācaḷippaṭṭi stone, time of Nandivarman II, year 25 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00079 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Construction of a sluice by Pullayakaṭampaṉ, son of Āritam Pullaṉ. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - śrī - - -

- nanti-p-pōttarai - yarkki yāṇt’ iru-patt’ aint-ā - vatu -

- -

- śrī-Āritam pullaṉ - makaṉ pullaya-kaṭampa - ṉ ceyvitta kaṟ-kumiḻi -

-
- -
- -
- - -
- -

- Fortune! -

-

- Twenty-fifth year of Nantippōttaraiyar. -

-

- Stone-sluice that Pullayakaṭampaṉ, son of Āritam Pullaṉ had built. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in and translated in (IPS no. 16); text and summary in (IP n° 79); encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020). -

- - - - - - 10 - 16 - - - - - 258 - 79 - - - - - - - - - 10 - 2 - - - - - 19 - 16 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00080.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00080.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 3f19d8068..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00080.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,342 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kāñcīpuram, Mukteśvara, time of Nandivarman, year 28 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00080 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation by Dharmamahādevi. - - - - -

The puḷḷi is used almost consistently. It has the form of a dot, or a wedge, or a wavy line, and is placed exactly above the consonant or slightly to the right above of the consonant.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - svasti śrī - - -

- nan=ti-varmmar·k=ku yāṇṭ’ iru patt’ eṭ·ṭ-āvatu -

-

- dharmma - - - -mahādeviīśvara-gṛhattu māṇik=ka-devar·k=ku devatāṉam-āyiṉa nāyivaṭṭi kuḷat - - - tūr·k kaṇ·ṇantai kuṭi-p·-pāṭ·ṭ’ uḷ·pa - - - ṭa ṉilam· pattu-p paṭṭiyumāṇik=kua-tēvark=k’ uṇ·ṇāḻikai-p puṟam-ā - - ka paṇittu-k= kuṭuttēṉ· dharma-mahādevi-y-ēṉ· -

- -

- Itu Arccaṉayiai ceyiyt’ uṇpār-āṉār· In·nilat·taāl - - - Ūr· varin=tat’ ellām - - - - - tattaśivaṉukkum· dharmmakaṇ·ṇaṉuk=kum· Aṉan·taśiva - - - ṉukkum· Ivarkaḷ makkaḷ mak=kaḷ-ē Arccaṉai ceyiyt’ uṇṇa-p paṇittu - - - k kuṭuttēṉ· -

- -

- It-taḷikkut taṭṭaḻi - - - vuy ivaraik· koṇ·ṭu koṭṭuvāṉ· Amutarayaṉ· nāyaṟṟu-k· kaṇi Ivaṉuk - - - kum· māṭalar makaṉ· māta-śarmmanuk·kum· Iruvark·kumm utaka-pūrvvakam· ceytu Iraṇṭu koṟṟu kuṭut·tōm· -

- -

- - -

- -

- - - - - - perunaṅ·kai-y i-poṉ·ṉaṭi Atimāṉi mātēvi kumaraṭi māṇikkat·tēvi tikaimaṇi kuṇatuṅ·ki ti - - - kaimaṇi vācat·ti cin·taṭi kumaraṭi naṅ·kā - - - ṭai Aṇiyātitti mūt·ti Av·vaṭi viñ·caṭi pātaṭi ku - - - lakkoṭi Av·vaṭi naṅ·kaṉ· - - - muciyak·kaṉ· śrī-tēvi naṅ·kāmi mā-tēvi nīlī maṇavāṭ·ṭi tēvaṭi mānip·poṟṟi - - - Atimāṇi naṅ·kuṇavi - - - bahuvaḷakāmi maḻalai nocci tāḻi-māṇikkam· cittiraniti neṟippāki viṉa - - - yaṭi Avvaṭi ciṟu-naṅkai kāmaṭi māti - - - tikaimaṇi - - - - mantrācāryyar aivar· viḷak=kun= tavaci-kaṇāvar· paṉṉiruvar tavacikaḷ uṇ·ṇa-k kuṭukka taḷiyāḷ·vār ūṭṭārāka paṉṉiruva - - - r kut=tikaḷai pmeyitu kuṭut=tēṉ -

-

- mutal mup - - - patiruvarum· Ip-paṉṉiruvarum ēṟṟi nāṟpattu nālvar kam·pa - - - ṉattu kuṭut=tēṉ· taruma-mā-deviyēṉ - -

-

- - It-taḷi-puṟam-āṉa nāyvaṭṭi kuḷattūrum· It=taḷi parivāramum· taḷiyum· -

-

- Idharmmam· Aḻiyāmai kāt=tāṉ aṭi Eṉ· muṭi mēl-atu -

- -
- -
- - - - - °varmmar·k=ku - The restoration °varmmaṟ·ku is also possible, but see -devar·k=ku in the same line. - - - - yāṇṭ’ iru patt’ eṭ·ṭ-āvatu - patt’ eṭ·ṭ-āvatu - - - - tattaśivaṉukkum· - tattaśivanum - The final m· looks like ru, but the vertical stroke is too short to be r. - - - - vācat·ti - sucat·ti - Krishna Sastri reads anachronistically a later form of Grantah su. - - - - nīlī - nili - - - - bahuvaḷakāmi - bahuvaḷakāmi - - - - mantrācāryyar - The initial ma looks like pa. - - - - kut=tikaḷai pmeyitu - kut=tikaḷaimeytu - - - - - Ip-paṉṉiruvarum ēṟṟi - Ip-paṉṉiruvar ēṟṟi - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

-

- Twenty-eight year of Nandi[varman]. -

-
- -
- -

- Prospérité ! Fortune ! -

-

- Vingt-huitième année de Nandi[varman]. -

- -
- - -
- -

- The king of the regnal year is identified as Nandivarman II, because of the high regnal year (28th). -

- - -
- -
-

- Edited in (SII 4, n° 827), with a facsimile; text and summary in (IP no. 80); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy, photos (2015), and the facsimile published in . Some characters now lost are legible on this facsimile. -

- - - - - - 285-286 - 827 - IX - - - - - 259-260 - 80 - - - - - - - - - 4, 13 - B/1893 - 14 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00081.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00081.xml deleted file mode 100644 index a32a44afe..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00081.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,703 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Pullūr plates, time of Nandivarman, year 33 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00081 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Sylvain Brocquet & Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Grant of four villages (Nelli, Pullūra, Takkāra and Kuḍiūra in the Kīḷveṇātaka in the Palkundakoṭṭaka according to the Sankrit portion; Nelli, Pullūr, and Kuṭiyūr in the Kīḻvēṇāṭu in the Palkuṉṟakkōṭṭam and Takkāṟu in the Maṇalaikuḷanāṭu in the Palkuṉṟakkōṭṭam according to Tamil portion), as a brahmadeya renamed as Nayadhīramaṁgala/Nayadhīramaṅkalam, to 108 Brahmins. In fact only 100 Brahmin donees are mentioned, including the 3 donees added, by afterthought, at the end of the grant, whereas there are 8 further donees, who appear to be officials involved in the transaction and religious dignitaries granted at the same time. - - - -

The puḷḷi is used in the Tamil text. For further paleaographical details, see - - 144-145 - .

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - - - -
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- Sanskrit portion 1 of 2 - - - - - - svastī śrī - - - - pāyād vaś śāṁkariī-mūrttiś - śaśāṁṅkāṁkura-śekharā - pratipad-dina-paryyante - sandhyeva sakalānatā . - - - - ... - ... - ... - ... - - - - ... - ... - ... - ... - - - - ... - ... - ... - ... - - - - ... - ... - ... - ... - - - - ... - ... ... - ... - ... - - -

- sa tu kadācid rājā rāja-nitya-pādopajīvi-rāja - ka-parivṛtaḥ kṛta-vyavasthā-sthāna-sthitis tatra sthitena parañ-cirantarānanta-sāmanta-mukhya-vikhyātena pallava-bha - ktinā vilvalapureśvareṇāa Avanicandra-yuvarāja-nāmnā dharmma-kṛtthārtthaṁ vijñāapto datta-tkṣaṇa - tkṣoṇīpatiḥ pratyatkṣa-braṛhaspatiṁ tkṣatra-vidyā-vicatkṣaṇam atkṣīsṇa-svāmi-rāgan nāgaśarmmaṇa - m· brahmādhirājāpara-nāmānan dvija-vara-mantri-varam ājñaptiṁ kṛtvā palkunda-koṭṭake kīḷ·veṁ-ṇāṭake ceyāru-nadī - datkṣiṇa-kūle nelli-pullūra-takkāra-kuḍiŪiyūra catur-grāmīa-saṁgraheṇaika-grāman nayadhīra-maṁgalaṁ sva-nā - mnā kṛta-nāmānaṁ kṛtvā nija-vaṁśa-param·parāgatānāṁ śuddhābhijana-vṛtta-vidyānām· dvija-vara-bappa-bhaṭṭārakānā - - - - m aṣṭottaraśatāya ssalila-pūrvvan dattavān· . -

- - - svasti - - -
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- Tamil portion 1 of 2 - -

- kō-vicaiaiya-nan·tivarmmaku yāṇṭu mu - p·pat·tu mūṉṟāvatu -

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- Avanicandra-Iḷavaracaṉ· viṇ·ṇap·pat·tāl· brahmādhirāja n· Aṇat·ti - Āka pal·kuṉ·ṟa-k·-kōṭṭat·tu k[iīḻvēṇāṭṭu nel·liyum pul·lūruṅ· kuṭiyūru maṇalaiku - ḷa-nāṭṭu-t takkāṟum· In·-nāl·kūruṅ· kōvum· poṟiyun· tīr·t·tu muṉ· peṟṟārai māṟṟi ku - ṭi nīk·ki brahmadeyam-āka-p· peṟ·ṟa nal·kūṟ·-naṟ-pāppār· - - ṣaṇḍila-gotratt’ āvat·tampa-cūt·tira - t·tirat·t’ uḻappūr-vat·tavaṉ· kāṭaka-c·-cōmāci tirurivēti kūḷa-śarmmaṉ· paṅ·k’ iraṇ·ṭu . Ik·-kō - - ... - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ṉum . kāśyapa-kōtrattu paṟampur āḷuṅ kariśarmaṉ paṅk’ iraṇṭu . brahmādhirājaṉ paṅku nāl·ku . kaṭaṅ - kāṭṭu-p perun tiṇai paṅk’ oṉṟu . cāttaṅkuṭi kiḻāṉ paṅk’ oṉṟu . nāṭṭiya-p perun tiṇai paṅk’ oṉṟu - - - kalivicaiyaṉ paṅk’ oṉṟu . perumaṉaṭikaḷ paṅku . tiruvaṭikaḷ paṅku . bhagavatiyār paṅku . -

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- Ivait - tuḷ Aṣṭaśadattiṉ mēl paṇiyāl ēṟiṉa paṅku patiṉ aintu - - nūṟṟeṇmar nālkūkūr naṟ-pārppārk=ku brahmadeyam Aruḷic cēeyta tiru - - mukaṉ talaik=ku vaittu nāṭṭār viṭunta Aṟaiyōlai-p paṭiyāl nā - ṭṭu viyavaṉ colliya kīḻpāṟk’ ellai pāṭi Ērik=kum cālai-nal - lūr nattattin mēlai kaḷāṅkēṇik=ku mēk=kum tenpārṟkk’ e - llai necalar-p-pūṇṭi Ērik=kum nākaṭi-maṅkalattu variccu-kāluk=kum cātā-maṅkalattu - k=ku nāraikuḻalaik=ku vaṭakku -mēlpāṟk’ ellai paḻaṅkōḷūr Ellaiyin kiḻakkum - - - - vaṭapāṟk’ ellai paḻaṅkōḷūr Ellaiyiluñ cēyāṟṟuḷ pākam peṟavun teṟkummm in-nāl - k’ ellai-y akattummm akapaṭṭa nīru-nilaṉum puṉñceyuṅ kāṭuṅ kaḷarummm uṭump’ ōṭiy āmai tava - ḻ·ntat’ ellān nayadhīramangalam ennum pērānl sarvva-parihāram uḷ·ḷaṭaṅka sāmānya - Iraṇṭu paṭṭi-p paṭiyāl brahmadeyam āyittu -

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- Ip-paṭiyālē pāṟcāttum - paratattiyuñ celvat’ āka-v aruḷi-c cēeytu paratatti ceytatu -

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- Ivv-ūr peṟṟa - parihāraṅ kōyil-vastu-c cekkun taṟiyum Uḷḷiya-k kūliyum ētta-k-kā - namuñ cāṭi-p-poṉṉuṅ kāruṅ teṅkam poṉṉum Upakaraṇa-t-taṇṭamummm atikaraṇa-t - -taṇṭamum pattūr-c-cāṟṟ’ uḻavai-paḷḷi-vastuvum Aṟappuṟā-t-taṇṭamuñ ceyivu pōka-c ciṟa - nta poṉṉum Uṟi-k-kāṇamum paṟi-k-kāṇamum nīrtūkku-k-kāṇamum puṭṭaka-vilaiyum paṭṭikai - - - -k-kāṇamum pirāmaṇicca-k-kāṇamuṅ kaṇṇīttu-k-kaṇamuṅ kālkōṭṭu-k-kāṇamuñ ceṅko - ṭiy-k-kāṇamum Āṭṭu-k-kāṇamum nāvita-k-kāṇamuṅ kuvaḷai-k-kāṇamum vaṇṇāra-k-kāṇamum veṇ - ṇilattu-t teṅkuṅ kamukum iṭṭaṉa kālkōṭṭ’ iṟāmeyum paṉṉīr āṭṭai-k-karai-y iṟāmeyu- - m -

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- paṇṭuṇṇun nīrkk’ uritt’ ākavum -

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- - nāṭu-kāppāṉum pukāpeyu - m Ivarkaḷ ceyappālaṉa Ivarum ivar-vaḻi-k kaṇṇārumē ceyivār ākavum -

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- Ivar - kaḷukku Āṟṟuḷ niṉṟum Ērikaḷuḷ niṉṟun nīr-īnta vaḻi tōṇṭi-k-koṇṭu-p - pōvār ākavum -

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- Ik-kālkaḷ pōnta nilam pōṉa māṟṟi Ivarkaḷē tuyppār ākavum -

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- Ivarkaḷu - kk’ aṟaint’ āḻi pōki-kkaṉ-ṉāṭṭi kūkai pukutti Ivai-Um ivai-y uḷḷiṭṭa parihāraṅkaḷum uḷ - ḷaṭaṅka sāmānya Iraṇṭu paṭṭi-p paṭiyāl brahmadeyam āyiṟṟu -

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- Ivv-ūrkaḷil nelli-Ēri Ivarkaḷ kiṟkum - - ... viriya-t tōṇṭiṉāl ceṉṟu nīr kōkkummm alavuṅ kōkka-p peruvat’ ākavum -

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- Ivv-ūr Ērikaluk - ku Āṟṟukkāl nīr īnta vaḻi tōṇṭi-k koṇṭ’ uṇṇa-p peṟuvār ākavum -

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- Ik-kālkaḷ kōlkalamum - puḻutipāṭum peṟuvat’ ākavum -

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- Ik-kālkaḷ kūṭai-Eṟittuṅ kuṟṟēttam paṇṇiyuṅ kuṟaṅk’ aṟuttu - ṅ koḷḷa-p peṟātār ākavum -

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- koṇṭār kōviṉāṟ-ṟaṇṭika-p paṭuvār ākavum -

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- Ivarummm ivar-vaḻikkaṇṇārum māṭamum māḷikaiyum Eṭuttu-k koṇṭ-irukka - -p peṟuvār ākavum -

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- ceṅkaḻunīrun tamaṉakamum Iṭa-p peṟuvār aākavummm -

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- aruḷi-c ceyta - tu yāṇṭu muppattu mūṉṟu nāḷ muṉṉūṟṟu muppatu -

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- svasti . -

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- Sanskrit portion 2 of 2 - - - bhūmi-dānānt paran dānam· - na bhūtan na bhaviṣyati - tasyeaiva haraṇā dūtaāt pāpam· - na bhūtan na bhaviṣyati . - - - - sva-dattaām para-dattaāṁ vā - yo hareta vasūndharām - ṣaṣṭim· varṣa-sahasahasrāṇi - ṣviṣṭhāyām· jāyate kṛmiḥ . - - -

- rakṣā ... - - ... - -

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- Tamil portion 2 of 2 - -

- Ivai nayatiīra - peruṅkāṭṭukārānṉē Eḻuttu -

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- bhāradvāja-kōtratt’ āvattampa-cūtrattu - -c cōlaiyūr-vattavaṉ tāmōtilataraśarmaṉum· . kāśyapa-kōtratt’ āvattam - pa-cūtrattu kuṇ·ṭūr-vattavaṉ cōmāci viṉāyaka-śarmaṉum . vastsa-kōtra - tt’ āvattampa-cūtrattu pūṇiya-vattavaṉ· ceṭṭaśarmaṉum . - -

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- - - - - svastī śrī - svastī śrī - The upper left corner of the plate is lost. This restoration is based on the occurrence of these blessings at the beginning of, for instance, IP 155. - - - - -
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- Sanskrit portion 1 of 2 - -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

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- Tamil portion 1 of 2 - -

- Thirty-third year of the victorious king Nandivarman. 

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- At the request of the prince Avanicandra (p. 147) rightly identifies him as the heir and son of Udayacandra, a Pallava subordinate, petitioner of IP 76, and also lord of Vilvalapura., whereas Brahmādhirāja was executor, the villages of Nelli, Pullūr, and Kuṭiyūr in the Kīḻvēṇāṭu of the Palkuṉṟakkōṭṭam, and the village of Takkāṟu in the Maṇalaikuḷanāṭu of the Palkuṉṟakkōṭṭam, these four villages, after removing kingship and seal..., after changing the earlier owners, after excluding the tillers, the destitute and good Brahmins who have obtained them as brahmadeya are: - - Kāṭakaccōmāci Trivedi Kūḷaśarman, of the śaṇḍilagotra and āpasthambasūtra, resident of Uḻappūr: two shares; - Cōmāci Trivedi Kallaśarman, of this same gotra and this same sūtra, resident of this same village, - Kramavittaṉ Tāḻiśarman, of the bhāradvājagotra and āpasthambasūtra, resident of Kumāṇṭūr, - Yajña-Kāḷiśarman, of this same gotra and this same sūtra, resident of this same village, - Trivedi Uḻutamaṇṭaiśarman, of the gautamagotra and pravacanasūtra, resident of Kāvaṉūr, - ...: one share; - ... - ... - - BrahmādhirājaThis is the executor of the grant.: four shares; - The peruntiṇaiThis appears to be the name of an admistrative charge. of Kaṭaṅkāṭu: one share; - The kiḻaṉA landowner, of some importance in connexion with the grant. of Cāttaṅkuṭi: one share; - The peruntiṇai in charge of the dance nāṭṭiyam: one share; - Kalivicaiyaṉ: one share; - PerumāṉaṭikaḷThis is possibly some religious dignitary, possibly the chief of a maṭha.: one share; - TiruvaṭikaḷThis is possibly some religious dignitary, possibly the chief of a maṭha.: one share; - BhagavatiyārThis is possibly a woman (Sanskrit bhagavatī).: one share. - -

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- Furthermore, there are fifteen shares added ēṟiṉa? by order for mēl, literally “upon” the one hundred eight among these.This appears to be a donation of 15 shares for the entire group of the 108 donees. -

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- The boundaries of the newly created brahmadeya that the village headman viyavaṉ proclaimed colliya, literally “said” according to the palm-leaf document aṟaiyōlai that the delegates of the nāṭu nāṭṭār sent after keeping on their heads the royal order which graciously made these villages as a brahmadeya for one hundred and eight destitute and good Brahmins are: - - the eastern boundary is to the west of ...; - the southern boundary is to the north of ...; - the western boundary is to the east of the boundary of Paḻaṅkōḷūr; - the northern boundary is to the south of the boundary of Paḻaṅkōḷūr and of ...; - - -

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- The wet land, the dry land, the forests, and the saline lands that are included within these four boundaries, wherever the iguana runs and the turtle crawls, has become a brahmadeya under the name Nayadhīramaṅgala ... -

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- In this manner, so that ... a paradatti has been made. -

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- The tax-exemptions that this village obtains are: ... -

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- Let there be right urittu to drinking uṇṇum water nīr as before. -

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- Let these and their descendants obtain to build ... and reside in ... -

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- Let these obtain to putThat is, to plant or to wear; water-lilies ceṅkaḻunīr and southernwood tamaṉakam. -

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- Thus has been graciously made, in the year thirty three, day three hundred thirty. -

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- Prosperity! -

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- Sanskrit portion 2 of 2 - -

- ... -

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- Tamil portion 2 of 2 - -

- These are the lettersThat is, the “writing” or “handwriting”. of Nayadhīra Peruṅkāṭtukārāṉ. (p. 146) suggests that the four names in lines 136-139 are the signatures of those responsible for the drafting and execution of the document on copper, but further notes that (p. 146, fn. 5) that: A few more names of Brāhmaṇas written by a different hand [that is, the three names in lines 136-139] follow the signature of Nayadhīra-Peraṅkāṭṭukāraṉ. These names were perhaps left out of the main list of donees and were inserted later. This makes good sense. -

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- - TāmōtaraśarmanSanskrit Dāmodaraśarman, of the bhāradvājagotra and āpasthambasūtra, resident of Cōlaiyūr; - Cōmāci Vināyakaśarman, of the kāśyapagotra and āpasthambasūtra, resident of Kuṇṭūr; - Ceṭṭaśarman, of the vatsagotra and āpasthambasūtra, resident of Pūṇiyam; - -

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- - Sanskrit portion 1 of 2 - - -

- ... - ... -

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- Bharadvāja, des prêtres le ; de lui naquit l’auteur de , Droṇa ; - De Droṇa, naquit Drauṇi, qui, au combat, en l’espace d’un instant, de ses flèches soumit la puissance des guerriers ; - De lui naquit noblement le favori de la terre plus large , nommé Pallava, - Un être fort jouissant d’une immense prospérité, dont la gloire resplendit au milieu des impuretés de l’âge Kali instable. -

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- Pallava donna naissance à la magnifique, l’illustre, la grande lignée des Pallava, - Qui noblement prit rang au-dessus des souverains éminents. -

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- Dans cette lignée, fermement installés dans une position que le grand mât de leur fierté rendait inébranlable, - Naquirent des souverains qui, donnant naissance à des torrents de générosité qui s’écoulaient, furent autant d’éléphants de l’Himalaya sécrétant l’écoulement de torrents de sérosité. -

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- Le monarque prospère, qui ébranle la fortune de ses puissants ennemis, le bien-aimé - Seigneur qui détient la puissance et réalise ce qu’il y a de plus doux, le roi plein d’éclat qui resplendit, - Celui qui jusqu’aux confins protège la terre et ses nombreux trésors, celui qui possède un monceau de joyaux - Naquit dans cette lignée des Pallava : l’actuel souverain Nandivarman, au nom illustre. -

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- Les Keraḷa, les Coḷa, les Pāṇḍya, les Maḷava, les rois des Kāḷabhra et des Bāṇa, - Les Sāndhra, les Saindhava et les Śāntavaṁkuravara, les Gaṁga, les souverains des Kadaṁba, - Tous les chefs puissants et éminents, préoccupés, ébranlés par la crainte d’un conflit, - Prennent les devants en révérant l’autorité de ce monarque magnifique à la gloire immense, qui gouverne la terre. -

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- Un jour que ce roi, entouré de princes qui vivaient éternellement aux pieds du roi, était assis dans la salle des délibérations, il fit une donation, requis par le seigneur de Vilvalapura, nommé Avanicaṁdra-Yuvarāja, de longue date réputé comme son principal allié perpétuel et dévoué aux Pallava, qui se trouvait là et souhaitait accomplir un acte dharmique : en monarque qui saisit l’occasion qu’on lui offrait, il fit don, avec aspersion d’eau, à cent huit illustres seigneurs Bappa, brahmanes excellents issus de la succession de leurs lignées, et dont la naissance, la conduite et la science étaient irréprochables, d’un village qu’il constitua par la réunion des quatre villages de Nelli, Pullūra, Takkāra et Kuḍiyūra, situés sur le rivage sud de la rivière Veyārū, au Kīḷveṁ-nātaka, dans le Palkuṁda-koṭṭaka, et qu’il nomma Nayadhīra-maṁgalam, d’après son propre nom. Il désigna comme exécuteur le meilleur des prêtres et des ministres : Nāgaśarman, appelé encore Brahmādhirāja, Bṛhaspati en personne, habile à pratiquer la science du gouvernement, et objet de l’indéfectible affection du roi. -

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- Sanskrit portion 2 of 2 - -

- Hormis le don de terre, d’autre don - Il n’y eut point et n’y aura point ; - Hormis celui de s’en emparer, de crime - Il n’y eut point et n’y aura point. -

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- Donnée par soi ou donnée par autrui, - Quiconque s’approprie une terre, - Pour soixante milliers d’années - Dans la fiente naît vers de terre. -

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- Préserver un acte dharmique ou y porter atteinte de ces deux actions, puissent les rois accomplir la seule qui soit pure. Le succès soit avec vous ! -

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Online images: https://www.museumsofindia.gov.in/repository/record/im_kol-13119-51. Plates in disorder.

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and date the plates to circa 877.

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The seal is entirely defaced.

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- Edited in Tamil script by (EI 36, no. 20); - text (with many typos) and summary in (IP no. 81); - Sanskrit text (based on the very imperfect edition in) and French translation in (B no. 56); - (IR no. 83); - re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Sylvain Brocquet & Emmanuel Francis (2023), based on previous editions, published facsimiles and online photos. -

- - - - - - - - - - 261-279 - 81 - - - - - 669-677 - 56 - - - - - - - - - 21, 229-230 - A/1939-1940 - 9 - - - - - - 302 - IR 83 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00082.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00082.xml deleted file mode 100644 index adcc1371d..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00082.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,212 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Cāttamaṅkalam (2) - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00082 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

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Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

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The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

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Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

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Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - - śrī - -

- nanti-pōttaraicarku muppattu mūṉṟ-āvatu -

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- cāttamaṅkalattū - r-ōm ērikku-p peyta Aṟam īttaṅ kāṭṭu Aṟa-p-puṟam iraṇṭu paṭṭiyu - m iḷa-makkaḷ paṭṭi Iraṇṭuṅ kūṭṭum yirappumm iḷa-makkaḷ kāṇamuma - ttu nellum pānilai mūṉṟu maṉaiyum kīḻē ceṟuvu mutukāṭ - ṭ’ aka-p-paṭṭa paṉai-y nilam it-taṉaiyum ērikkum peyta Aṟam it-ta - ṉaiyumaṉṟāṭuvār nāyakarallā Iḷa-makkaḷ nāyakar itaṉ ṟalai vir - ppaṉ uḷaṉāyilum koḷḷaluṟuvāṉ uḷaṉāyilum nūṟu kaḻañcu - poṉ kōyiṟkku ture koḷḷa ōṭṭiṉōm ūrōmum iḷa-makkaḷum -

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- ivv-aṟattu mēl aṉṟi-p pēciṉāṉ kaṅkai-y iṭai-k kumari Aṭai-c ceytā - ṉ ceyta pāvam-āka ōṭṭiṉōm kaṭava tum Itta ṭamai Ākum -

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- - - - - kāṇamumattu - kāṇamumattu - kāṇamumattu - - - - pānilai - pānilai - pānilai - - - - - nāyakarallā - nāyakarallār - Read possibly nāyakarallar. - - - - uḷaṉāyilum - uḷaṉāyilum - uḷaṉayilum - ’s reading appears to be the result of a typo. - - - - ture - ture - ture - also considers the gap of one character as unclear. - - - - Aṭai-c - Aṭai-c - Ayiṭai-c - reads a(yi)ḍai, which I interpret as surplus, but what his parentheses means is in fact unclear. - - - - -
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Fortune!

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Thirty-third year of Nantippōttaraicar.

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- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in ; text and summary in (IP no. 82); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 122 - - - - - 277-278 - 82 - - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00083.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00083.xml deleted file mode 100644 index e04b79b15..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00083.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,212 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Paiyaṉūr, rock inscription, time of Nandivarman II, year 37 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00083 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Decision of the Kaṇaṭṭārs of Payiṉūr concerning a donation by the - merchant Nākaṉ of Uḻakkuṇi, residing at Māmallapuram. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - śrī - -

- kō-vicaaiya-nanti-vikkirama-parumaṟku yāṇṭu mu - ppatt’ eḻ-āvatu -

-

- payiṉūr-k kaṇattēm Oṭṭiyatu -

-

- māma - llapurattil iruntu vāḻum Uḻakkuṇi vāṇikaṉ nākaṉ - Emm-ūr-p pēr-ēri poli-y-ūṭṭiṉāṟ ṟōṇṭuvataṟku-kku - koṭutta nel poṟ-kālāl Āṟ’ ā - yirattu nā-ṉūṟṟu-k kāṭi in-nel yāṅkaḷ - koṇṭu ivv-ēriyiṉir uṇṇṇun nilam ellā - viaṟṟiṉ mēlum viṟkilum oṟṟi Iṭilum paṭṭiyāṟ pa - tiṉ aṟu-kāṭi-c ceytu nel paṭṭi-y oō kaṭaṉ-āyiy In-ne - llilē Iru-kāṭi-c ceyiytuṅ koṇṭu payiṉūr Aṉṉu nāmam-uḷḷa - taṉaiyum Āṭṭāṇṭu-tōṟum ēri tōṇṭuvippōm -

-

- āy ttiṉa-Il ke - ṭai-y ēṟṟu-k-koṇṭēm -

-

- Itaṟku vakri-p-pātāṉ candrātityarr-uḷḷa taṉaiyum - narakattiṉiṟpāṉ ākavum -

-

- itaṟku nallatu vēṇṭiṉār cantirātittiyar - -uḷḷa nāḷaiyum svarggattilē-y iruppār ākavum -

-

- Oṭṭiṉēm -

-

- Ippaṭi-k kuṟi - yil-iruntu cēṭṭananti-Eṉ

-

- ṭṭāmē celuttiṉār Aṭi Eṉ - ṟalai mēlaṉa -

- -
- -
-
- -
-

- Fortune!

-

- Thirty-seventh year of the victorious Nandivikramavarman.

-

- Decision of We, the Kaṇattārs of Payiṉūṟ.

-

- As for the paddy that Nākaṉ, a merchant from Uḻakkuṇi, residing in Māmallapuram, gave for digging that is, desilting with its interest the great lake in our village, that is, six thousand four hundred kāṭis as per the standard poṟkāl, We yāṅkaḷ, with koṇṭu this paddy, having made that is, levied sixteen kāṭis per paṭṭi on mēlum whatever ellāvaṟṟiṉ land which draws water uṇṇun in this lake, whether sold or mortgaged viṟkilum oṟṟi iṭilum, and having also made that is, levied two kāṭis on this paddy as due kaṭaṉ per paṭṭi of paddy that is, yielding paddy , with koṇṭu these as long as -uḷḷa taṉaiyum the aṉṉu name Payiṉūr, each and every year we will dig that is, desilt.

-

- we have taken charge ēṟṟukkoṇṭēm of the bamboo keṭai.

-

- To this decision, he who … vakrippātāṉ shall remain in hell as long as the moon and the sun.

-

- To this decision, he who wishes goodness nallatu vēṇṭiṉār shall remain in heaven as long as -uḷḷa nāḷaiyum the moon and the sun.

-

- Thus have we decided.

-

- In this manner, I, Cēṭṭananti Skt. Jyeṣṭhanandin from the kuṟi

-

of he who implement celuttiṉār , the feet are on my head.

- -
- -
-

Payiṉūr is the ancient name of modern Paiyaṉūr.

-

Add note on the imprecations, which are calques of Skt. imprecations.

- -
- -
- -

-Edited in ; text and summary in (IP n° 83); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020). -

- - - - - - 14-15 - 34 - - - - - - 279-280 - 83 - - - - - - - - - 17 - B/1932-1933 - 109 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00084.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00084.xml deleted file mode 100644 index da37d8e6c..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00084.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,267 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Akaḷūr (1) - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00084 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - śrī - - -

- kō-vicaya-nanti-vi - kkirama-paṉmarukku yāṇ - ṭu Aimpatāvatiṉ -

- -

- karē Aka - ḷūr-t tūmpu kampayaṉā - r iṭuvittār -

- -

- Ip-pēr-ērik - kakku-p paṭṭi-k kāṭi pērūr - Unaruma paṭṭiyil tuna - nāḻi vaittu-k kuṭuttār paṭā - rakku kampai - yaraiyaṉ -

- -
- -
- - - - - -vicaya- - °vijaya° - - °vicaiya° - - - - °paṉmarukku - - °parumaṟku - - - - Aimpatāvatiṉ karē - Aimpatāvatiṉ karē - Aimpatāvatiṉ karē - Aimpatāvatiṉ karai - suggests to read aimpatāvatu karai- - - - - Ippērērikkakkup - Ippērērikkakkup - Iippērērikkakkup - Iivērikkup - - - - pērūr - pērūr - vaittār - - - - Unaruma - Unaruma - Unaruma - ūurārum - ’s reading makes sense, but need to be confirmed from the original. - - - - tuna - tuna - tuna - mun - suggests to read mun- or ain-. The reading mu-n-nāḻi is indeed meaningful. - - - - vaittuk - vaitta t - vaittuk - - - - paṭārakku - paṭārakku - pa - tārarkku - ’s reading stops here. His edition has thus 9 lines, instead of 10. - - - - kampaiyaraiyaṉ - kampaiyaraṉ - kampaiyarayaṉ - - - - - -
- -
- -

Fortune!

-

Fiftieth year of the victorious king Nandivikramavarman.

-

-

- -

- -
- -

Fortune !

-

Quinzième année du victorieux roi Nandivikramavarman.

-

-

- -

- -
- -

- See DHARMA_INSPallava00340. -

- -

It is not clear which edition is to be taken as reference. Sampath or Dayalan? It is not clear if Dayalan had a fresh reading of the inscription or simply edited the previous editions.

- -
- -
- -

- Edited in ; text and summary in (IP no. 84); edited in .

-

Encoded here by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 161 - - - - - 281-282 - 84 - - - - - 1276 - 41 - - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00085.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00085.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 98478f301..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00085.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,175 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Vilāppākkam rock, sculpture donation, time of Dantivarman, year 50 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00085 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Foundation of an image of Poṉṉiyakkiyār and - Nākaṇandi by Nāraṇaṉ (Nārāyaṇa), son of Maruttuvar of - Pukaḻālaimaṅkalam. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding - template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- nanti-p-pōtt-aracarkku Ayimpat-āvatu -

-

- nāka-ṇandi-kuravar - Irukka poṉṉiyakkiyār paṭimam koṭṭuvittāṉ - pukaḻālai-maṅkalattu maruttuvar makaṉ nāraṇa - ṉ -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-In the fiftieth year of Nandippōttaracar,— Nāraṇaṉ Nārāyaṇa, the son of MaruttuvarThe word maruttuvaṉ means ‘a physician.’ In the present case it seems to be the proper name of a person. of Pugaḻālaimaṅkalam, caused to be engraved an image of Poṉṉiyakkiyār, along withLiterally: “while there is present.” the preceptor (gurava)On this word, which appears to be derived from the honorific plural of guru, see South-Indian Inscriptions, Vol. II. p. 251, note 3. Nāgaṇandi Nāganandin. -

- Translation by Venkayya (1996-1897). Standardised according to DHARMA TG and EG. - -
- -
- -

Fiftieth year of Nantippōttaracar that is, Nandippōtaraiyar, Nandivarman.

-

Nāraṇaṉ Nārāyaṇa, son of Maruttuvar of Pukaḻālaimaṅkalam, caused to be engraved this image of Poṉṉiyakkiyār accompanied with irukka the Preceptor Nākaṇandi.

- -
- -
- -

- nākaṇandi-kuravar Irukka. Literally: “while the Preceptor Nākaṇandi is present”. -

-

- Add note on the sculptures accompanying the inscription. Cf. EI. -

-
- -
- -

-Edited in (EI 4, no. 14), with facsimile and English translation; text and summary in (IP no. 85); re-edited here by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on the facsimile published in . -

- - - - - - 85 - - - - - A - 136-137 - - - - - - - - - 10 - B/1895 - 10 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00086.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00086.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 6b7c20df2..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00086.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,249 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kuḷitikki hero-stone, time of Nandivarman II, - year 52 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00086 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Hero-stone erected by Peruṅkankar for Kaṅkatiyaraiyar who died at (or near) Veṇkuḻikkōṭṭai. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - śrī - - -

- kō-viceaiya nanti - ccura-parumaṟku yāṇṭu - Ampattiraṇṭāvatu -

-

- perumāṉaṭikaḷ mēl - vallavaraiyaṉ paṭai van - tu veṇkuḻikkōṭṭai A - ḻitta ñāṉṟu vāṇarai - yar māmaṭi tirika Eṉa-t - tirintu paṭṭār kaṟkāṭ - ṭūr-uṭaiya kaṅkatiyarai - yar -

-

kaṉ-ṉāṭu peruṅka - ṅkar -

-
- -
- - - nanticcura- - nanticcura- - nantīccura- - - - - vallavaraiyaṉ - pallavaraiyaṉ - vallavaraiyaṉ - - - - veṇkuḻikkōṭṭai - peṇkuḻikkōṭṭai - veṇkuḻikkōṭṭai - - - - vāṇaraiyar - vāṇaraiyar - The alternative reading vāṇareaiyar seems possible. - - - - Eṉa-ttirintu - Ena-ttirintu - Eṉa-ttirintu - - = probably a typo. - - - - kaṟkāṭ - ṭūr- - kaṟkātṭūr- - kaṟkāṭṭūr- - - = probably a typo. - - - - kaṅkatiyaraiyar - kaṅkatiyaraiyar - kaṅkatiyaṟaiyar - - = probably a typo. - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! -

-

- Fifty-second year of the victorious king Nandīśvaravarman. 

-

- On the day when Vallavaraiyaṉ marched literally: “came” with his army upon mēl Perumāṉaṭikaḷ and destroyed Veṇkuḻikkōṭṭai, while Vāṇaraiyar, his uncle māmaṭi said to him “Let us proceed tirika, that is, “Let us march against him, that is, Vallavaraiyaṉ”, Kaṅkatiyaraiyar, who owns Kaṟkāṭṭūr, having thus poceeded tirintu, fell paṭṭār, that is “died”. -

-

- Planting of the stone kaṉ-ṉāṭu by Peruṅkaṅkar. -

- - -
- -
- -

- On the identity of the protagonists: Perumāṉaṭikaḷ, Vallavaraiyaṉ, Vāṇaraiyar, Kaṅkatiyaraiyar. -

- -

- māmaṭi. Alternative translation = father-in-law. -

- -

- On kaṉ-ṉāṭu, see ... -

- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (EI 22, no. 18), with facsimile and English translation; re-edited and re-translated by ; text and summary in (IP no. 86); re-edited here by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on the facsimile published in . -

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - 284-285 - 86 - - - - - - - - - 72 - C/1921 - 154 - - - - - 15 - 35 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00087.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00087.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 15f58aeb6..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00087.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,162 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Cātuppēri hero-stone - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00087 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-nantivik - kirama-parumarkku yāṇṭu - Aympattiraṇṭ-āvatu -

- -
- -
- - - - Aympattiraṇṭ-āvatu - Ayampattiraṇṭ-āvatu - The reading Ayam° instead of Aym° might stem from a typographical error. - - - -
- -
- -

Fifty-second year of the victorious king Nandivikramavarman.

- -
- -
- -

Cinquante-deuxième année du roi victorieux Nandivikramavarman.

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 1, no. 108); text and summary in (IP no. 87); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 130 - 108 - - - - - 286 - 87 - - - - - - - - - ?? - 1907 - 27 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00088.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00088.xml deleted file mode 100644 index e1b02d95b..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00088.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,231 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Cāttamaṅkalam (3) - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00088 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - śrī - -

- nanti-p-pōttaraicarkku - yāṇṭu Aimpattāṟ-āvatu -

-

- viḻukkattu-c ciṉaṟiyār makaḷār - pūṇṭa mūppāvai-k kācu patiṉ E - ḻu kaḻañcu poṉ -

-

- Ip-paḷḷikku - kaḻañciṉāl uḻakk’ arici vaikal - kaṟ ūṭṭuvār -

-

- ivv-aṟam pavaṇa - ntiyu vaitta paṇam Ūrōṅ kā - ppōm āṉōm -

- -
- -
- - - - - viḻukkattu-c - viḻukkattu - viḻukkattu-c - viḻukkattu - - - - ciṉaṟiyār - ciṉaṭiyār - ciṉaṟiyār - cīṉaṟiyār - IP fn2 @ cīṉaṟiyār: “It should be read as Ci(Ji)ṉaṭiyār.” Sampath fn3: “jinadiyar means Samanas (or) it may refer to a Jaina ascetic.” - - - - mūppāvaik kācu patiṉ Eḻu - mūppāvaittakkācu patiṉ eḻu - mūppāvaik kācu patiṉ Eḻu - mūppā vaitta kkācu patiṉ ēḻu - Sampath = surplus. Not clear. = My interpretation --- IP fn 3 @ mū[ppā]: “The readings are doubtful.” - - - - poṉ - mēl - poṉ - poṉ - - - - kaṟ ūṭṭuvār - koṟaṭṭuvar - kaṟ ūṭṭuvār - kaṟ ūṭṭuvār - - - - pavaṇantiyu - pavaṉaṭiyār - pavaṇantiyu - pavaṇantiyār - - - - Ūrōṅ - Ūrōm - Ūrōṅ - Ūrōṅ - - - - -
- -
- - -

Fortune!

-

Fifty-sixth year of Nantippōttaraicar.

-

ADD TRANSLATION

- -
- -
- -
- -
-

Sampath fn4: vaikal means daily.

-

IP: …[ka]ṟ ūṭṭuvār. Fn4: “This word, not fully read, obviously stands for an administrative or supervisory body like varigar.” --- Sampath fn5: aṭṭuvar = camaippar.

-
- -
- -

-Edited in ; re-edited by ; text and summary in (IP no. 88); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 159 - - - - 124 - - - - 287-288 - 88 - - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00091.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00091.xml deleted file mode 100644 index a25270009..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00091.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,300 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruvallam rock inscription, time of Nandivarman, year 62 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00091 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - - -
- - - Om· namaś śivāyam· svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-nanti-vikkirama-parumaṟku yā - ṇṭ’ aṟu-patt-iraṇṭ-āvatu -

- -

- sakala-jagatra - yābhivandita-surāsurādhīśa-parameśvara-prati - hārikṛta-mahāvali-kulot·bhava-śrī-māvalivāṇarāyar - vaṭukavaḻi paṉṉīrrrāyiramum Āḻa vāṇapurattu - vaṭa-cikara-kōyil putukkuvittu Itaṟku Iḷaṅ - kiḻavar makaṉ maṉṟāṭiṭai Aḻiñciṟkaḷam paṭṭi vilaikku - koṇṭu kuṭuttēṉ -

- -

- Uṟṟukkāṭṭu kōṭṭattu Aḷiṅkaṇa-pākkattu - kīḻakattu taṭṭāṉ mātanṉ makanṉ Aritīraṉ kuṭutta tēvar pōkam - mahāvalivāṇarāyar piṭākai valañ-ceytu koṭuttār -

- -

- Itu kāt - tār Aṭiyeṇ muṭi mēlaṉa -

- -

- Itu Aḻittāṉ kaṭikai Eḻā Iruvaraiyum - koṉṟa pāvattu paṭuvāṉ -

- -

- Itu Aḻittāṉ Ippāvattukku Añcāṉāyil - Aṉ kōyilukku Āyiram kāṇam taṇṭappaṭuvōm vāṇapurattōm -

- - - - vabahubhir· vasudhā dattā - - - rājabhiḥ sakaradibhiḥ - - - yasya yasya yadā bhūmis - - - tasya tasya tadā phalam· - - - -
- -
- - - - - °nanti-vikkirama° - There is a blank space between °nanti° and °vikkirama°, as the final character of line 1 (śrī) interrupts this word. - - - - °jagatrayā° - That, is jagat+trayā° - - - - °kulot·bhava° - That is, °kulod·bhava° - - - - vaṭa-cikara-kōyil - vaṭa-cikara-kōyil - - - - Itaṟku - Itaṟku - - - - Uṟṟukkāṭṭu - Uṟṟukkāṭṭu - - - - Iruvaraiyum - Iruravaraiyum - - - - koṉṟa pāvattu paṭuvāṉ - koṉṟa pāvattu paṭuvāṉ - - - - Aṉ - see SII fn3. - - - - kāṇam - kāṇam - - - - vabahubhir· - vabahubhir· - The reading bahubhir· seems also possible - - - - rājabhiḥ - rājabhiḥ - - - - sakaradibhiḥ - That is, sagaradibhiḥ. - - - - -
- -
-

Ōm. Obeisance to Śiva! Hail! Prosperity!

-

In the sixty-second year of the reign of king Vijaya-Nandivikrama-varman, while the glorious Māvalivāṇarāya,— born from the family of Mahābali, who had been made door-keeper by the lord of gods and demons, Parameśvara Śiva, who is worshipped in all the three worlds,— was ruling the Vaṭukavaḻi twelve-thousand,— I, Aridhiraṉ, the son of Mātaṉ, a goldsmith and resident of a house in the east of Aḷiṅganāpākkam in the district of Ūṟṟukkāṭṭu-kōṭṭam,7 See above, Vol. II. p. 345 and note 4. caused to be renewed the Vaṭa-cikara-kōyil8 I.e. ’the temple with the tower in the north.’ at Vāṇapuram and gave to it the paṭṭi9 On this term see above, Vol. II. p. 359, note 12. called Aḻiñciṟkaḷam, which I had bought from Maṉṟāṭi, the son of Iḷaṅkiḻavar.

-

Mahāvalivāṇarāya circumambulated the hamlet piṭākai towards the right and granted the land enjoyed by the god, which Aridhīraṉ had given.

-

The feet of him who protects this charity, shall be on my head.1 See above, p. 39, note 4. He who destroys this charity, shall incur the sin of one who kills the great men who are permanent members2 Literally, ’who do not rise.’ of the assembly.3 The two Tamil words iruvar and kaṭikai correspond to mahājana and ghaṭige in Cāḷukya inscription; Ep. Ind. Vol. III. p. 360. If the destroyer of this charity does not fear this sin, we, the inhabitants of Vāṇapuram, shall pay a fine of one thousand kāṇam to the palace of the king who is then ruling.4 With அன்றாள் கொயில் compare அன்றார் கொ, above, Vol. I. pp. 113 and 115.

-

Land has been granted by many kings, commencing with Sagara. Whosever -is the earth at any time, his is then the reward of gifts of land.

- Translation by Hultzsch (1899). Standardised according to DHARMA TG and EG. -
- -
- -

Om. Homage to Śiva. Prosperity ! Fortune !

-

Sixty-second year of the victorious king Nandivikramavarman.

-

I have given...

-

The king Mahābalibāṇa has given...

-

...

-

...

-

...

- -

- ... - ... - ... - ... -

- -
- -
- -

Several orthographic peculiarities indicate that the composer/scribe is from South India: kulotbhava- instead of kulodbhava-, sakara- instead of sagara-.

-

Note on Iruvar/Iravar. See SII p. 92, fn. 2.

- -
- -
- -

-Edited in with facsimile and English translation (SII 3, n° 42); text and summary in (IP n° 91); re-edited here by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on the facsimile published in . -

- - - - - - 42 - 90-92 - V - - - - - 91 - 321-322 - - - - - - - - - 5 - A/1899 - 76 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00092.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00092.xml deleted file mode 100644 index a16652818..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00092.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,400 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Mahābalipuram Ādivaraha Cave slab - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00092 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Land-sale of pasture-land for calves. - - - -

The puḷḷi is used, apparently consistently, but the facsimile in - - is not clear enough to spot all its occurrences. - - 290 - 1 - admit interpolating puḷḷis in the delineation. - Note the Grantha v, distinct from Tamil v (lines 1, 2) and the Grantha ṇ used in the Tamil portion (lines 6, 7). Note the parallel use of conjunct and non-conjunct forms of kk (lines 16, 18).

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - - - - svasti śrī - - -

- pallava-vaṁsasya nan=ti - bodhuvarmmaku rājyāvibhirddhya - - ñ celllā-niṉṟatu Āṟupattu - AAint-āvatu -

- -

- māmallapu - rattu nakarattār Iṭaivalañ - cāṉ kaṇṭaṉ kaṉṟu-mēy-kaḻa - nṉi-y-āka koṇṭa nilam -

- -

- Ā - mūr-nāṭṭu Kuṉṟattūr i[ṭai] - vāḻum· Kuṉṟat·tūr-kiḻā - r Iḷa-naṭuvuṇār makaṉ - ṉ kaṇṭanṉ iṭai kaṉṟu-mēy-kaḻanṉi - -y-āka viṟṟu-k-koṇṭa nilattu - kk’ ellai -

- -

- maḻiṉai nallu - ḻār tōṭṭattiṉ mēlṟkum teṉ - pāl Ellai -

- -

- kōnṉ-ē - ri-Iṉ vaṭak=kum mēl-pāl - ellai -

- -

- mān·tai talaiva - ṉ ērikkum· peru-vaḻi-Iṉ· - kiḻakkum· vaṭa-pāl-ellai -

- -

- pa - nappāṭi-ellai-Iṉ te - ṟkum -

- -

- I-ṉIn-nāṉk’ ellai - Aka-p-paṭṭa nilamum kaṇṭan - Iṭai viṟṟu-k-koṇ·ṭu po - ṉ kaṉṟu-mēy-kaḻanṉiy - kku peyitāṉ -

- -

- Itu A - ḻiyāmai kāttānṉ aṭi E - ṉ ṟalai mēlatu -

- -
- -
- - - - - - - -vaṁsasya - -vaṁsasāya - This emendation by is unnecessary. - - - - nan=ti - nanti - ndi - naṁdi - The reading nandi is also possible. - - - - bodhuvarmmaku - bodhuvarmmakupōtavarmaṟku - bodhupōtavarmmaku - - - - rājyāvibhirddhyañ - rājyāvibhibhivṛddhya - ñ - rājyāvibhibhivṛddya - ñ - rājyāvibhibhivṛddhya - ñ· - - - - celllā-niṉṟatu - celānllāṉiṉṟatu - celāniṉṟatu - - - - -naṭuvuṇār - paṭuvuṇār - naṭuvuṇār - - - - ṉ - ṉ - suggests restoring kōṉ. - - - - - -kaḻanṉi-y-āka - kaḻaniyāka - kaḻaniyāka - - - - viṟṟu-k-koṇṭa - viṟṟukkoṇṭa - viṟṟukkoṇṭa - - - - teṉpāl Ellai - teṉpāl-elllai - teṉpāl Ellai - - - - kōnṉ-ēri-Iṉ - kōnēri-iṉ - kōnēri-Iṉ - From this line onwards add missing characters at the end of the lines, but the aspect of the stone seems to indicate that the gap is at the beginning of the lines. - - - - mēl-pālellai - mēlpāll-elllai - mēlpāl-ellai - - - - talaivaṉ ērikkum· - talaivanērikkum - talaivaṉērikkum· - - - - -vaḻi-Iṉ·kiḻakkum· - -vaḻi-Iṉ kiḻakkum - -vaḻi Iṉ kiḻakkum· - - - - panappāṭi- - panappāṭi- - - - - ellaiAka-p-paṭṭa - ellaiAkappaṭṭa - ellai Aka-p-paṭṭa - - - - kaṇṭanIṭai - kaṇṭanIṭai - kaṇṭaniṭai - - - - -kaḻanṉiykku - -kaḻaniykku - -kaḻaniyakku - - - - kāttānṉ - kāttān - kāttāṉ - - - - ṟalai - ṟalllai - ṟallai - The -ai in lai looks like a duplicted -ai. - - - - -
- -
- -

Prosperity! Fortune!

- -

Sixty-fifth year of current cellā niṉṟatu prosperous reign of NandibodhuvarmanThat is, Nantipōtavarman, that is the Pallava king Nandivarman. of the Pallava lineage.

- -

This is about the land that Iṭaivalañcāṉ Kaṇṭaṉ among the nakarattārs of Māmallapuram gotThat is, “purchased”. as pasture-land for calves kaṉṟu-mēy-kaḻaṉi-y-āka.

- -

The boundaries to the land purchased as pasture-land for calves from iṭai Kōṉ Kaṇṭaṉ, son of Iḷa-naṭuvuṇār, the lord of Kuṉṟattūr, who resides in Kuṉṟattūr in the Āmūr-nāṭu are as follows:

- -

the boundary on the southern side is west of the garden of Maḻiṉai Nalluḻār;

- -

the boundary on the western side is north of the royal tank;

- -

the boundary on the northern side is east of the tank of the chief of Māntai and of the great road;

- -

the boundary on the eastern side is south of the boundary of Panappāṭi;

- -

The land comprised within these four boundaries, heThat is, Iṭaivalañcāṉ Kaṇṭaṉ. bought it from Kaṇṭaṉ, with gold, and made the libation peytāṉLiterally: “poured water". so as to enjoy it for pasture-land for calves.

- -

The feet of he who protects thisThat is, the present transaction. without destroying it are on my head.

- -
- -
- -

According to - - 10 - the inscription records the gift after purchase of a pasture-land. The record however deals only with the purchase transaction and does not explicitly mentions any donee, not the fact that the purchased land was given. 

-

- On the akward description of boundaries and missing mention of the boundary on the eastern side. See - - 11 - 2 - . -

- -
- -
- -

- Edited and translated by ; text and summary in (IP no. 92); re-edited with substantial corrections by ; re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on published visual documentation. -

- - - - - - 10-11 - IB - - - - - 323-324 - 92 - - - - - 290-291 - With a delineation. - - - - - - - - - 45 - B/1922 - 666 - - - - - 16 - 38 - Summary only. - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00094.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00094.xml deleted file mode 100644 index bd598194d..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00094.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,180 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Uḻalūr land donation, time of Nandivarman II - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00094 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- nanti-p - pōttaraiyar koṭukka-p-pi - ḷḷaikaḷḷḷukku Uḻalūrrr uūrār makaḷmai paṭi - perumāṉaṭikaḷḷḷukku viṇṇappañ ceytu sarvva-parihāram koṇṭu koṭu - ttōm mēlālum koṭukka-p-pi - ḷḷḷaikaḷḷḷ itu kāttār Aṭi muṭi mēliṉa - koṭukka-p-piḷḷaikaḷ paṇiyāl mā - ṇikka-p-paṇṭāraṅ-kāppāṉ - ciṅkaḷameyar-kāppaṉ Arituṭṭa - ṉ vantu ceyvittatu -

-
- -
- - - -
- -
-

Prosperity! Fortune!

-

To the koṭukkappiḷḷais koṭukkappiḷḷaikaḷ at the service of Nantippōttaraiyar:

-

"We, the ūrārs of Uḻalūr, according to paṭi the makaḷmai, after having made a request to the lord perumāṉaṭikaḷukku, we have given with koṇṭu all immunities."

-

As per the above mēlālum, the koṭukkappiḷḷais:

-

“The feet of he who protects this donation are on our heads literally: tufts."

-

At the order paṇi-y-āl of the koṭukkappiḷḷais, this is what Arituṭṭaṉ, the guard kāppāṉ of the gem-treasury māṇikka-p-paṇṭāram and guard of the body of the Siṁhala king [OR: the Siṁhala body-guard from] ciṅkaḷa-mey-kāppaṉ, after coming, had made. -

-
- -
- -
- -
-

koṭukkappiḷḷaikaḷ: ...

-

makaḷmai: i.e. makaṇmai or makaṉmai, a tax? I.e. what is given is a tax? according to sonship? Cf. piḷḷai = “son” of NP?

-

ciṅkaḷameyar-kāppaṉ: ...

-
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 6, no. 453); text and summary in (IP no. 94); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) and translated for the first time by Emmanuel Francis, based on a partial photographic documentation (2008). -

- - - - - - 87 - 453 - - - - - 330 - 94 - - - - - - - - - 23 - B/1899 - 17 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00095.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00095.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 863da0505..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00095.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,296 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Uttiramērūr, Sundaravaradapaperumāḷ, Vimāna, southern plinth, architect - inscriptions - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00095 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file on the - repository - - - - -
- - -
- - - svasti śrī - - - Evaṁ vāstv abhavat· mahat· pravigatan nāmnā ca jāty-ādi‡nā - yenāsmin· bahubhir yyathāgama-vidhair ggrāme prayo‡‡gānvitaiś - śrīmat·-pāṭaka-vāsinā kṛta-dhiyā takṣṇā sadā vāgminā - tenedam· ‡‡ parameśva‡reṇa mahatā yo vaāstuno bhāskaraḥ . - - -
- -
- - - svasti śrī - - - - Asyālaṁkāra-mānañ ca - yathā lakṣaṇa-saṁyutam· - yaḥ kaścid vetti sakaḷam· - sa vai vaāstu-vidāṁ va‡raḥ -
- -
-
- -
- - - - - svasti śrī - svasti śrī . - - - - vaāstuno - vastuno - - - - -
- -
- - - - - svasti śrī - svasti śrī . - - - - Asyālaṁkāra-mānañ ca - Asyālaṁkāram ānañca - - - - sakaḷam· - sakalam· - - - - va‡raḥ - varaḥ . - - - -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

-

- Thus arouse in this village this great building, renowned by its name and by its type, thanks to the great Parameśvara who resides in the glorious Pāṭaka, who is a learned and always eloquent architect takṣan, literally “carpenter” and is the sun of architecture, as well as thanks to many others in the village acting in accordance with the tradition āgama and endowed with practical knowledge. -

- -
- -
- -

Prosperity! Fortune!

-

- The ornaments and measurements of this temple as well as its characteristics, whoever knows/masters them fully is really the best among those knowledgeable in architecture. -

-
-
- -
- -
- -

Salut ! Prospérité !

-

- Celui grâce à qui naquit ainsi ce grand édifice,[[ADD translation of pravigatan nāmnā ca jāty-ādinā]] - En ce village, avec l’aide de nombreux spécialistes, œuvrant selon la tradition et doués d’une expérience, pratique, - Celui-là, habitant de l’illustre Pāṭaka, architecte à l’intelligence accomplie et toujours éloquent, - C’est le grand Parameśvara, le soleil de l’architecture. -

- -
- -
- -

Salut ! Prospérité !

-

- Il devint l’ornement de ce monument,[[réviser traduction ?]] - Puisque quiconque, en même temps que les signes, - Connaît l’ensemble de cette science - Est vraiment le meilleur des architectes. -

-
-
- -
- -
- -

Ainsi fut créé un grand édifice, célébré pour son nom et sa classe, dans ce village, par des bien des gens, avec dextérité et selon les āgama et, par cet architecte takṣan résident de Pāṭaka, intelligent et au verbe sûr, le Grand Parameśvara, soleil de l’architecture vastu.

-
- -
- -

Les mesures māna et les ornements alaṁkāra de ce temple, en conformité avec les définitions lakṣaṇa; qui les comprend toutes est vraiment le meilleur des connaisseurs en architecture vastu.

-
- -
- -
- -

The two verses are edited here from left to right, as both verses appear on the base. Previous editions have the verses in reversed order. NB: the FS in SII reverses the logical/physical succession of verses.

-
-

yyathāgama-vidhair. Selon EITA I.1, p. 92: le texte consulté serait le Vaikhānasāgama tel que fourni par Marīci dans son Vimānārcanakalpa (cf. Colas 1986, p. 3: MarīciS ou Vimānārcanakalpa, voire Vaikhānasāgama). Colas (1986, p. 59) se demande s’il faut prendre āgama au sens général de « tradition » ou au sens de tradition āgamique avec ou sans connotation sectaire.

-
-
-

Gros & Nagaswamy (1970: 80-81): Sur l’architecte Parameśvara. Originaire de Pāṭaka, quartier de Kāñcī mentionné plusieurs fois dans les inscriptions. Parameśvara est aussi le titre du prédécesseur de Nandivarman II. L’architecte (mahākaṣṭakāri [voir si et comment il est dénommé dans la potion Ta?] Parameśvara a écrit les tablettes de KSK de Nandivarman II et devait être un architecte royal réputé. Le VKP, attribué généralement à Nandivarman II, est dénommé Parameśvaraviṇṇagaram [dans les inscriptions et NTP] et comporte comme le SundaravardaP d’Uttaramērūr trois étages. Pas impossible donc que le même Parameśvara Peruntaccan ait construit le VKP de Kāñcī [comprend donc que le nom dériverait de l’architecte?] et vu sa renommée se soit vu confier le SundaravardaP d’Uttaramērūr, qui serait une fondation des dernières années de Nandivarman II [la plus ancienne inscription = AR 10 de Dantivarman] et dont le nom originel est sans doute Śrīveḷi Viṣṇugṛha mentionné dans plusieurs inscriptions (pas improbable que Śrīveḷi ait été aussi un titre de Nandivarman II).

-
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 6, no. 333); text and summary in (IP no. 95); text and translation in (B no. 59); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Sylvain Brocquet &Emmanuel Francis (2020), from autopsy and photographs (2004, 2013). -

- - - - - - 158 - 333 - - - - 331 - 95 - - - - 697-699 - 59 - - - - - - - - - 17 - B/1898 - 50 - - - - 80-81 - - - - 56-57 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00096.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00096.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 244a7584c..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00096.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,159 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Uttiramērūr, donation, no king, no year - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00096 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Update the template - Creation of the file on the - repository - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

tiruppulivalattu mahādevarkku malliyaṉ kārāṇai nālu paṭṭi nilam oru tiraḷ-ē-y arccanā-bhogam-āka vaittōm ut=tarameru-caturvvedi-maṅkalattu sabhaiyōm

- -

itu pārāyaṇa-mārggam vēdam vallaṉ āy uktaṉ-ākiya brāhmaṇaṉ brahmācāri-y-ē-y mūṉṟu poḻutum ārādhitt’ uṇpat’ ākavum

- -

ip-paricu pukkār pukkārkku mūṉṟu yāṇṭ’ avadhi-y-āka vaittōm vastu-vidyā-mayaṉ eḻuttu

- - - -
- -
- - -
- -

Prosperity! Fortune!

- -

We the members of the assembly sabhā of Uttaramērucaturvedimaṅkalam, we have allotted vaittōm one land of four paṭṭi Malliyaṉ, as a single plot tiraḷ-ē, as arcanābhoga, to the great god of Tiruppulivanam.

- -

This should be for feeding uṇpatu a Brahmin, who is reputed as uktaṉ-ākiya skilled in the Vedas and the proper way of its recitation and who is a brahmācārin, for making worship ārādhitt three times a day.

- -

In this manner ipparicu we have alloted this for a limit of three years for each entrant pukkār pukkārkku.

- -

Signature of Vastuvidyāmayaṉ.

- -
- -
-

Malliyaṉ Kārāṇai designates the land given. It incorporates the personal name Malliyaṉ.

- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 6, no. 355); text and summary in (IP no. 96); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs (2019). -

- - - - - - 355 - 166 - - - - - 332 - 96 - - - - - - - 18 - B/1898 - 71 - - - - -
- - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00097.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00097.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 216db19ee..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00097.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,222 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Vayalaikkāvūr, time of Dantivarman, year 2 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00097 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation by five land-owners at Paḷḷikkaṭṭil. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
-

- kō-vicaiya-tanti - vikkiramaparumaṟku yā - ṇṭu Iraṇṭ-āva - tu -

- -

paḷḷikkaṭṭil-uṭai - ya kaṇṭiyum paraṉum - ciṟu-nampiyum Āturi - yum Āyiravaṉum I - vvayivōm vayalai - -k-kāvil Aṭutta kā - ṭi muūṉṟu kūṟṟālum - bhaṭārarkku Oḻukkavik - kum nantā viḷakkuk - kkum kuṭuttōm -

- -

- - tt’ ūṭṭuvōm āka-k -

- -

- ā - nōm -

- -

- Itu kātt’ ū - ṭṭuvāṉ Aṭi Emn talai - mēlana -

- -
- -
- - - - - I - vvayivōm - I - vvayvōm - - - - viḷakkuk - kkum - viḷakkuka - kkum - - - - kuṭuttōm - kuṭuttō - - - - ā - nōm - nōm - - - - Emn - Em - - - - - -
- -
- -

Second year of the victorious king Dantivikramavarman.

- -

Kaṇṭi, Paraṉ, Ciṟu-nampi, Āturi, and Āyiravaṉ, owners at Paḷḷikkaṭṭil, We, these five persons ivv-ay-v-ōm, that is ivv-ai-v-ōm by a share kūṟṟ-āl-um of three kāṭis adjacent to aṭutta Vayalaikkāvil, for the Bhaṭārar, We have given for food offerings oḻukkavi and for a perpetual lamp.

- -

we shall feed.

-

we have become āṉōm

-

Of He, who, protecting this donation, feeds the Bhaṭārar, the feet are on our heads.

- - -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 12, no. 39); text and summary in (IP n° 97); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 16 - 39 - - - - - 333-334 - 97 - - - - - - - - - 78 - C/1922 - 256 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00098.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00098.xml deleted file mode 100644 index b1ac9f6c2..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00098.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,211 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruveḷḷaṟai well (1/2) - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00098 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Foundation of a well. - - - -

The puḷḷi is consistently used, although not for most of duplicated consonants and sometimes unduly. The daṇḍa consists in a vertical stroke with a shorter horizontal stroke attached in its middle on the right side.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- bhāradvāja-gotrattiṉ· vaḻi-t tōṉ·ṟiya pallava-tilata-kulorbhavaṉ· tan=ti-varmmaṟku yāṇ·ṭu nāṉ·k-āvat’ eṭuttu-k· koṇṭu Ai·nt-āvatu muṟṟuvittāṉ· Ālam·pākka-vicaiyanal·lūḻāṉ· - - tam·pi kam·paṉ· Araiyaṉ· tiruveḷ·ḷaṟai-t· teṉṉūr·-p· peruṅ·-kiṇaṟu -

- -

- Itaṉ pieyar· mār·-p·-piṭuku p·eruṅ·-kiṇar’ eṉ·patu . -

- -

- Itu ratṣikṣip·pār· Ivv-ūr mū-v-āIāyiratt’ eḻu-nūṟṟuvarum· . -

- -
- -
- - - - - tilata - tilata is a tadbhava of Skt. tilaka. - - - - -
- -
- -

Hail! Prosperity!

-

In the fourth year of the reign of Dantivarman who was born in the Pallavatilaka family which had sprung from the Bhāradvāja-gōtra, Kampaṉ Araiyaṉ, the younger brother of Vicaiyanallūḻāṉ of Ālampākkam, commenced to build the big well at TeṉṉūrThe southern part of Tiruveḷḷaṟai was probably called Teṉṉūr in ancient times. in Tiruveḷḷaṟai and completed it in the fifth year of the same reign.

-

Mārppiṭuku-peruṅkiṇaṟu is the name of this well.

-

The three-thousand and seven hundredThe signatory of one of the inscriptions of Rājarāja (A.D. 985-1013) found at Māmallapuram in the Chingleput District is a certain Tiruvaṭikaḷ Maṇikaṇṭhaṉ, a native of Tiruveḷḷarai. He calls himself as one of the 3700 of that village (South-Ind. Inscrs. Vol. I, p. 65). This seems to indicate that at an early period there was a body of 3700 at Tiruveḷḷaṟai to whom later members traced their descent. Reference to another such body of men is found in the expression Tiḷḷai-mūvāyiravar. of this village shall protect this charity.

-
- -
- -

- Prospérité ! Fortune ! -

- -

- Kampaṉ Araiyaṉ, le frère cadet de Vicaiyanallūḻāṉ d’Ālampākkam, a commencé le grand puits de Teṉṉūr à Tiruveḷḷaṟai en la quatrième année de Dantivarman, qui est issu de la famille des Pallavatilaka apparue dans la lignée du gotra de Bharadvāja, et l’a achevé en sa cinquième année. -

- -

- Son nom est grand puits de Mārppiṭuku. -

- -

- Les trois mille sept cents de ce village protègent ceciC’est-à-dire le puits en tant que donation.. -

- -
- -
-

- See DHARMA_INSPallava00525. -

-

- pallava-tilata-kulorbhavaṉ. pallava-kula-tilatorbhavaṉ, “who appeared as the ornament of the Pallava lineage” would be more straightforward. Alternatively, as suggested by Christophe Vielle, pallava-tilata-kulorbhavaṉ can be translated as “who appeared in the lineage whose ornament is the sprout”, with a play, attested elsewehere in the Pallava corpus, on the dynastic name Pallava (“sprout” in Skt.). As the the phrase pallava-tilaka, “ornament of the Pallava (lineage)", is also attested in the Pallava corpus as an epithet of Pallava kings, it seems that the present writer either deliberately used it in a new way or misused it. On this epithet, see 157 -

-

- mārppiṭuku. See 156 -

- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (EI 11, no. 15); text and summary in (IP no. 98); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on autopsy, photographs, and the facsimile published in . -

- - - - - - - - - - 335-336 - 98 - - - - - - - - - - 33 - B/1905 - 541 - - - - - 16 - 40 - Summary only. - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00099.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00099.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 68c205663..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00099.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,235 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kunnāṇṭārkōyil - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00099 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Foundation of a pond. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-tanti - -pōttaraiyaṟku yāṇṭu 5-Ā - vatu -

- -

- māṟappiṭuviṉār-āyiṉā pē - rati Araiyarkaḷ aṭiyāṉ vāli vaṭu - kaṉ-āyiṉa kalimūrkka-Iḷavaraiyaṉ - ceyta kuḷam vāli Ēri -

- -

- Ik-kuḷa - m lrakṣittāṉṉṉ aṭi Eṉ ṟalai - moēlaṉa -

- -
- -
- - - - - -pōttaraiyaṟku - ppōttaraiyaṟku - pōttaraiyaṟku - - - - 5-Ā - vatu - 5 Ā - vatu - 5 ñcā - vatu - - - - moēlaṉa - mēralaṉa - mēlaṉa - The original incorrect spelling cannot be mera, as this inscription makes the distinction between medial ā and ra. Both and read a piḷḷaiyār cūḻi after this final word, but there is no punctuation mark on the stone. - - - - -
- - -
- -

- Prosperity! -

- -

- 5th year of the victorious king TantippōttaraiyaṉThat is, the Pallava king Dantin, that is, Dantivarman. -

- -

- This is the pond that Kalimūrkka-Iḷavaraiyaṉ, alias Vāḻi Vaṭukaṉ, a servant of the honourable king Pērati, alias Māṟappiṭuviṉār, made; its name is the Vāli tank. -

- -

- The feet of he who protects this pond are on my head. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (IPS no. 17); text and summary in (IP no. 99); re-edited by (SII 34, no. 348); re-edited and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on photographs. -

- - - - - - 10 - 17 - - - - - 19-20 - 17 - - - - - 337 - 99 - - - - - 321 - 348 - - - - - - - - - 37 - B/1914 - 348 - - - - - - 17 - 41 - Summary only. - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00100.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00100.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 4d39888e5..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00100.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,210 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Toṇṭūr rock, donation, time of Dantivarman, year 6 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00100 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - -

- kō-vicaya-tanti-vik=kirama-parumaṟk=ku yāṇṭ’ āṟ-āvatu -

-

- ciṅka-puranāṭṭu-k= kīḻvaḻi - Aruvākūrōṅ kai-y eḻuttu -

-

- viṇṇa-kō-v-araiyar ēṟṟuk=kuṉṟaṉār bhaṭṭārik=ku-p pati - - ṉaṟu kaḻañcu poṉ ko - - pomāy itaṉ poli-y-ūṭṭu-t tamak=ku viṭai pōy-p-paṭṭa - - Utāraṭiyaiyum nampi - - ñ cārtti viṇṇa-kō-v-araiyar vaitta tāṉam nicati nā - - ṉāḻi Arici tēci-kappāṭu - - m āṉōm aruvākūrōm Ipparic’ ūraik= koṇṭ’ iyaṟṟu-vataṟk=ku - - vārika-p-paṭṭōm kāśyaparum - - ṇi paiyarum eṅ kuṭiyil nāyakañ ceytār iyaṟṟuvār-āka A - - maintōm Aṭṭi-muṭṭiyataṉāṟk=kāṟ-p-palicai Ēṟṟi viṇṇa-kō-v-araiyar akattārk=ku-k= kuṭuppō - - m āṉōm itaṟ ṟiṟampil-uṇṭikaiyum paṭṭikaiyuṅ kāṭṭātē nālē kāl mutal-āka Iyṟ ṟaṇṭap - - paṭa Oṭṭik=kuṭuttōm aruvākūrōm -

- -
- -
- - - - - bhaṭṭārik=ku-p - The reading paṭṭārik=ku-p is also possible. - - - - ūraik= koṇṭ’ - ūraikekāṇṭ’ - ūraik koṇṭ’ - We follow here the suggestion of Mahalingam. - - - - kāśyaparum - kāśyaparum - - - - ṇi paiyarum - paiyarum - - - - iyaṟṟuvār-āka - iyaṟṟuvār-āka - The letter vā is clear on the stone. - - - - -
- -
- - -
- -
- -

-Edited in with facsimile (SII 12, no. 42); text and summary in (IP no. 100); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) and first (?) translated by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs (2008). -

- - - - - - 17 - 42 - V - - - - - 338-339 - 100 - - - - - - - - 92 - C/1916 - 283 - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00101.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00101.xml deleted file mode 100644 index fd445a01c..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00101.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,201 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Uttiramērūr, donation, time of Dantivarman, year 7 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - Intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00101 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Adding edition, translation - Update the template - Creation on the file on the - repository - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - -

- dan=ti-varmmarkku yāṇṭ’ eḻ-āvatu -

-

- peruṅ-kuṟi sabhaiyōm eḻuttu -

-

- parameśvara - -vatiyiṉ kiḻkkūriṉ ṟeṟkku Ērikk’ āka vaitta Aintu pāṭakamum muṭumpai svāmi-kumāra-ca - turvvedi-somayājiyārkku Ēri toṇ·ṭavuṅ· karai-y aṭ·ṭavum viṟ·ṟu-k kuṭut·tōm -

-

- Itaṉuk·ku poruṭ·-ciela - vum aṟa-k-koṇ·ṭōm· -

-

- sabhai-y-ōṭ·ṭai sāmānyam al·lātatu vilaikku koṇ·ṭōm e - ṉ·ṟu tāmum· san=tatiyum· viśeṣam anubhavik·ka perātārāṉār -

-

- svāmi-kumāra-kuṭṭam-ākiya dha - rmmattiṉai rakṣittār pādaṅkaḷ Eṉ ṟalai melaṉa -

-

- parameśvarasya lekhā -

- - - -
- -
- - - - °cilavum - Read °celavum. - - - - koṇ·ṭōm e - At the end of the line, after a blank space, one reads lluṭai, which is most probably part of another inscription. - - - - dharmmattiṉai - dharmmattiṉai - The letter dha (not closed on top), is clear. - - -
- -
- -

Prosperity! Fortune!

-

Seventh year of Dantivarman.

-

Writ eḻuttu of the members of the peruṅkuṟi assembly.

-

We have given them after selling them viṟ·ṟuk kuṭut·tōm five pāṭakams that we have allotted so that they be for a tank south of the eastern division of Parameśvaravati, to Svāmikumāracaturvvedisomayājiyār of Muṭumpai, so that he digs the tank and raises its bunds.

-

For this itaṉukku we have received in full aṟakkoṇṭōm the price poruṭcilavu, literally “the expenses for the object”.

-

Having said that eṉṟu we have got koṇṭōm for the price vilaikku nothing different allātatu from what is common sāmānyam with the assembly sabhai-y-ōṭṭai, they are not those who obtain perātārāṉār to enjoy anubhavikka this especially viśeṣam themselves tāmum and their lineage santati.

-

The feet of those who protect this dharma which is named Svāmikumārakuṭṭam are on our heads.

-

Writing eḻuttu of Parameśvara.

- -
-
-

- We translate eḻuttu differently in its two occurrences, as it designate the “signature” or the “writ” of the assembly (sabhā, line 1), but also the “writing”, “engraving” or “text composed by” Parameśvara, the “scribe” (line 6). -

-
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 6, no. 365); text and summary in (IP no. 101); re-edited and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs (2019). -

- - - - - 365 - 169 - - - - 101 - 340-341 - - - - - - - - 18 - B/1898 - 80 - - -
- - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00102.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00102.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 49d370d25..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00102.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,193 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Uttiramērūr, donation, time of Dantivarman, year 9 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00102 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file on the - repository - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - -

- dan=tippōttaracarkku yāṇṭ’ oṉpat-āvatu -

-

- Ut=taramerucaturvvedimaṁgalattu sabhaiyōm eḻuttu-k -

-

- kaccippēṭṭup tuvāyccēri cēṭṭatarayar tā - ṉavēntaṉ pakkal irupatiṉ kaḻañcu poṉ koṇṭ’ emmūr ellāccērit toṟu-nilaiyum mēlait toṟu-nilaiyum ivvaṉaittiṉālum vanta Eru-vilaiyāl vanta - māṭ’ eppoerppaṭṭatum ippoṉṉukk’ immāṭu vilaiy aṟutiyāy vayiramēkataṭākattuṭk kuḻi kuttuvat’ āka Oṭṭi-k-kuṭuttōm sabhaiyōn tāṉavēnta - ṉ eṉum appoṉṉum ivveru-vilaiyāl vanta dravyamum avvērikkēy aṟam-āka-k kuṭuttēṉ sabhaiyōmum maṟṟu viniyōgañ ceyyātēy av - vakkālattu vāriyarēy māsantōṟun kuḻi kut=tuvat’ ākavum paṇittōm maṟṟu viniyōgañ ceytār paṇiyum piḻaitt’ aṟam iṟakkiṉa pāpamum paṭuvār-āka - p paṇittōm sabhaiyōm -

- -
-
- - - Ut=taramerucaturvvedimaṁgalattu - Uttaramerucaturvvedimaṁgalattu - - - eḻuttuk kaccippēṭṭup - eḻuttu kaccippēṭṭu - - - cēṭṭatarayar - cēṭṭatarayāar - - - tāṉavēntaṉ - tāṉavēntaṉ - - - ellāccērit - elalāccērit - - - - -
- -
-

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

-

- Ninth year of Dantippōttaracar Dantivarman. -

-

- Writ eḻuttu of We the members of the assembly sabhā of Uttaramerucaturvedimaṅgalam: -

-

- Translation to be completed. -

-
- -
- - - -
- -

- Edited with a facsimile in (SII 6, no. 359); text and summary in (IP no. 102); re-edited and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs (2019). -

- - - - - - 359 - 167 - - - - 102 - 342-343 - - - - - - - - 18 - B/1898 - 74 - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00103.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00103.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 06306272c..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00103.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,166 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Uttiramērūr, Sundaravaradaperumāḷ, north wall, time of Dantivarman, year - 10 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00103 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Unfinished inscription. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding - template v03 - Creation of the file on the - repository - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - -

- kō-vicaaiya-tanti-vikkirama-parumaṟku yāṇṭu patt-āvatu -

-

- kāliyū -

- -
-
- - - - kāliyū - The inscription stops short here ( - 158 - 1). Evidently kāliyūr-k-kōṭṭatu was intended, followed presumably by taṉ kūṟṟu Uttaramēru-c-caturvvetimaṅkalattu sabhaiyōm or a variant of it. Compare other inscriptions from Uttiramērūr. - - -
- -
-

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

-

- Tenth year of the victorious king Dantivikramavarman. 

-

- in the Kāliyūr-k-kōṭṭam

-
- -
- - -
- -

-Edited in Subrahmanya Aiyer (SII 6, no. 334); text and summary in (IP no. 103); re-edited and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020) from photographs (2019). -

- - - - - - 158 - 334 - - - - 344 - 103 - - - - - - - - 17 - B/1898 - 51 - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00104.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00104.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 583dac19b..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00104.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,178 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kūram, Keśavaperumāḷ, south wall inscription - - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00104 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Lacunose, decision of the Kūram assembly (sabhā). - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-dan=ti-vikkarama-parumalṟku yāṇṭu paṇṇiraṇṭ-āvatu -

- -

- kūrattu sabhaiyōm eḻuttu -

-

- Ik Emm-ūr Uṇaṅkal-p-pūṇṭi -

-
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Twelfth year of the victorious king Dantivikramavarman. 

- -

- Writ eḻuttu of We, the members of the assembly of Kūram. -

- -

- Uṇaṅkalppūṇṭi in our village -

- -
- -
- -

- notes: This inscription is left unfinished. -

- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 7, no. 36); text and summary in (IP n° 104); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021). -

- - - - - - 15 - 36 - - - - - 345 - 104 - - - - - - - - - 50 - B/1900 - 35 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00105.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00105.xml deleted file mode 100644 index fe7321a76..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00105.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,227 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Triplicane donation by Pukaḻ Tuṇai, time of Dantivarman, year 12. - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00105 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of land by Pukaḻ Tuṇai for feeding the god (tiruvaṭikaḷ) of the temple at Tivallikkēṇi, that is Viṣṇu. - - - -

The puḷḷi is used. In line 2, the ki of Tamil ākiya is written in Grantha. Further details in - - 291-292 - .

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- pallava-kula-tilata-bhāra - dvāja-gotrālaṁkāra-pati-y-ākiya śrī - -danti-varmma-mahārājarkku varṣa-varddhana - m yāṇṭu paṉṉiraṇṭ-āvatu -

- -

- tiruvalli - -k-kēṇi kulaṅ-kiḻārkaḷ karumāra-c-cēri-p-pulam - oṟṟi-Iṭṭu nāṟ-patt-aiṅ-kāṭi nel poli-Ūṭṭa tiru - vaṭikaṭku tiruvamṛtu muṭṭa-p pukaḻ-t-tuṇai vicai - yarayaṉ muppatiṉ kāṭi nellum añaiṅ-kaḻañcu - poṉṉuṅ kuṭuttu mīṭṭ’ uttaṉat-ākki nāṟ-pat - t-aiṅ-kāṭiyun nicati Añ-ñAin-nāḻi nellāl iru-nnnā - ḻi tū-k-kuttal-ariciyāl irā-p-pōṉakañ jaṅka-śa - rmmaṉuñ caṭṭi-śarmmaṉum Iḷaiya-caṭṭi-śarmmaṉuṅ kā - ṭṭuvār-āṉarkaḷ -

- -

- muṭṭill avvi-p-pulattun tattaṉ-pula - ttuṅ kārai-kiḻāṉ-pulattum svāmi-bhogatt’ uṭṭ’ iruva - mṛtu kāṭṭuvōm āṉōm -

- -

- Id-dharmmatt-uḷḷār yāva -rēṉuṅ kō-c-cēvatu ceyiytu celutta-v oṭṭi kuṭut -tōm -

- -

- Īḻa-viḷakkum vaṭṭil loha-p-pāṉaiyum raṭṣṣippa -tu -

- -

- pukaḻ-t-tuṇai vicaiyaraiyaṉ ndharmmam itu -

- -

- Itaṉai ra -ṭṣṣittār aṭi Iraṇṭum en muṭi mēliṉa - -

-
- -
- - - - -kāṭiyun - notes that kāṭiyun is apparently used here in the sens of kātiyiṉ. - - - - - - jaṅka- - jaṅka- - caṅka- - ’s reading could also be interpreted as śaṅka-. The name could indeed be understood as Skt. Śaṅkhaśarman, appropriate in the context of a Viṣnu temple. - - - - - - -āṉarkaḷ - -āṉārkaḷ - ’s reading is aligned to the reading -uḷḷār (line 15). - - - -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
-

- The non-availability of visual documentation prevents a faithfull representation of the spelling, due to the inprecise extant editions. Some Grantha characters and initial vowels might be unmarked. -

-

The word tilata is a tadbhava of the Sanskrit tilaka.

-

avippulam. notes that this word means literally “oblation field” and that [t]he produce from this field was evidently used for oblations.

-

īḻa-viḷakku. refers to EI 7, p. 134, for the explanation of this word.

-
- -
- -

- Edited in (EI 8, no. 29); text and summary in (IP no. 105); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions.

- - - - - - 1 - 23 - 18 - - - - - 346-347 - 105 - - - - - - - - - - 22 - A/1903 - 234 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00106.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00106.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 8f6f009bc..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00106.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,215 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Malaiyaṭippaṭṭi pillar inscription, time of Dantivarman, year 16 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00106 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Foundation of a temple (taḷi) and installation of the deity ( - bhaṭārar) by Kuvāvaṉ Cāttaṉ alias Viṭēlviṭuku Muttaraiyaṉ. - - - -

The puḷḷi is used. Medial i and medial ī are not clearly distinguished and are interchangeable.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaya-tanti-par·maṟk·ku yāṇ·ṭu pa - tiṉ-āṟ-āvatu -

- -

- viṭēlviṭuku muttaraiyaṉ-ākiya - kuvāvaṉ· cāt·taṉ-ēṉ· Tiruvālat·tūr· malai - taḷi-y-āka kuṭain·tu bhaṭārarai pratiṣṭhai ce - ytu It·-taḷiyai -k - kīḻ-ceṅkaḷi-nāṭṭu nāṭṭā - nāṭṭārkku ceyta sa - - -

- -
- -
- - - - - svasti śrī - svasti śrī - - - - It·-taḷiyai - Ittāaḷiyai - - - - -k - - - - - kīḻ-ceṅkaḷi-nāṭṭu - kīḻ-ceṅkaḷi-nāṭṭuu - - - - -
- - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Sixteen year of the victorious king Dantivarman. 

- -

- I, Kuvāvaṉ Cāttaṉ, alias Viṭēlviṭuku Muttaraiyaṉ, having scooped the hill at Tiruvāvattūr as a temple and having installed the lord bhaṭārarThat is, Skt. bhaṭṭa. , this temple the members of the nāṭu assembly of the Eastern Ceṅkaḷināṭu that has done for/to the members of the nāṭu -

- -
- -
-

Note on the identity of Kuvāvaṉ Cāttaṉ. See IP, fn1.

-

Note on Ceṅkaḻināṭu. See IP, fn2.

-
- -
- -

- Edited in (IPS no. 18); translated in (IPS no. 18); text and summary in (IP no. 106); re-edited and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on photographs. -

- - - - - - 11 - 18 - - - - - 20 - 18 - - - - - 348 - 106 - - - - - - - - - 2 - 18 - - - - - 54 - B/1969-70 - 54 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00107.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00107.xml deleted file mode 100644 index d91b717d8..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00107.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,246 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kāñcipuram, donation, time of Dantivarman, year 17 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00107 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of a golden plate by the Pallava king Dantivarman and of gold by Avanicandra to the god ( - bhaṭār) of the Parameśvaraviṣṇugṛha. - - - -

The puḷḷi is used erratically.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - -

- ‡ dan=tivarmma-mahārājarkku yāṇṭu patinṉ eḻ-āvatu -

- -

- parameśvara-viṣṇugṛhattu - ‡ bhaṭārkku dan=ti - ‡ varmma-mahārājar kuṭutta poṉ-bhājanam ōṉṟiṉāl pati - ‡ nṉ āyira-k-kaḻañ - ‡ cu -

- -

- Avanicandrar koṉṇ·ṭu vaṉntu kuṭut·ta muū-v-āyira-k-kaḻañcu -

- -

- poṉṉāl nicati taṅkaḷ kkā - ‡ - ‡ piṭṭaṭiyum covaṟṟampaiy·yar· nāraṇakuṭṭiyum Avanicandra - ‡ rkku karaṇam-ākiya - ‡ koṟṟampaṭaittaṉār· ceṭṭutāḻiyum Iṉ·-ṉn·-nālvarum - ‡ mahā-nagarattā - ‡ r-a-y-umiñiyi-nallūr-kiḻavar-a-y-um keśava-k-kōṭṭ - ‡ -

- -
- -
- - - - - bhaṭārkku - There is a space left blank before this word at the beginning of this facet of the stone. - - - - -cu Avani- - This gap, possibly a punctuation sign, might also be a space left blank. - - - - piṭṭaṭiyum - yum - - - - covaṟṟampaiy·yar· - covaṟṟam paiyyar - covaṟṟam payyar - - - - Avanicandra ‡ rkku - There is possibly one more character lost before rkku at the beginning of this facet of the stone. - - - - koṟṟampaṭaittaṉār· - koṟṟampaṭaittadira - - - - nagarattā - ‡ r-a-y-umiñiyi-nallūr - nagarattār-a-y-umi Āyi-nalūr - nagarattār-a-y-umi Āyi-nalūr - notes that there is an -i engraved above the character Ā, whereas understood that this note applies to the preceding character mi. The character read Ā could also be read ñi. The name of the village would then be Miñilinallūr, its m having been absorbed in sandhi with the preceding word. - - - - -
- -
- -

- Seventeenth year of the great king Dantivarman. 

- -

- One golden plate of ten thousand kaḻañcus, that the great king Dantivarman gave to the god bhaṭār of the Parameśvaraviṣṇugṛha. -

- -

- Three thousand kaḻañcus, that Avanicandra brought. -

- -

- With this gold, themselves kkāpiṭṭaṭi, Covaṟṟampaiyyar, Nāraṇakuṭṭi, Koṟṟampaṭaittaṉār, the accountant karaṇam of Avanicandra, these four personsAs suggested by , these four persons seem to be in charge of the donation, to provide daily offerings to the god.; the Mahānagarattārs, the lord of Miñiyi-nallūr, Keśava-k-kōAs suggested by , these persons seem to be in charge of the supervision of the donation. - -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- notes about lines 1 and 2 that: The continuation of this line and of the next, covering more than half of the inscription, has been chiselled off. -

- -

On Avanicandra, see - - 349 - 4 - . -

- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 4, no. 132); text and summary in (IP no. 107); re-edited and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on autopsy, photographs and published visual documentation. -

- - - - - - 8 - 132 - I - - - - - - 349-350 - 107 - - - - - - - - - 5 - I/1887-1888 - 34 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00108.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00108.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 4009f3a60..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00108.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,195 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kīḻūr slab - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00108 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Gift of 15 kaḻañcus of gold to the god (Perumāṉaṭikaḷ) of the Tiruvīraṭṭānam at Tirukkōvalūr by Māṇikkattār [...] Nakkaṉār. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-tanti-vikkirama-parumaṟku - - yāṇṭu patiṉ Eḻavatu -

-

- milāṭṭu kuṟuk - kai-k-kūṟṟattu tiru-kekkōvalūr tiruvīraṭṭā - ṉattu Perumāṉaṭikaḷuk=ku tiru - Oru naontaā viḷakku māṇikkattār - ṉakkaṉār vāṇa-kō-v-araiyar pōkiyār - ṉ kāciṉṉṉ-ōṭ’ urai Oppatu patiṉ aiṅ-kaḻañcu - ṉāl kaḻañci kaḷ - kai-k-koṇṭu kaṭavēṉ-āka - Ip-poṉṉāl palicai ni - Eṇṇai-y aṭṭuvōmmm āṉōm -

- -
- -
- - - viḷakku - viḷakku - viḷakkukku - - - - urai - urai - ’s summary seems to imply the correction of urai to uri. - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Seventeenth year of the victorious king Dantivikramavarman. - -

-

- -

- -
- -
- -

- The inscriptions stops short. See 4571. -

- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 7, no. 931); text and summary in (IP n° 108); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021) with restoration of text compared to previous editions. -

- - - - - - 457 - 931 - - - - - 351 - 108 - - - - - - - - - 18 - B/1902 - 302 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00109.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00109.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 151f066b6..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00109.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,217 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Uttiramērūr, Vaikuṇṭhaperumāḷ, larger platform, southern base, time of - Dantivarman, year 21 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00109 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding - template v03 - Creation of the file on the - repository - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī -

- dan=ti-vikrama-parmmarkku yāṇṭu Irupatt’ oṉṟ-āvatu nāḷ nūṟṟu Iru-pattu Iraṇṭu -

-

- Uttaramēru-catu‡rvveti-maṅgalattu sabhaiyōm ceyta vyavasthai -

-

Emmūr bhūmi-Uṭaiya kuṭikaḷ bhūmi-sāmantu ceyka Eṉṟu van=taṉa Epperppaṭṭaṉa - vum sāman=tu ceyya vaṉnta bhūmi-y-uṭaiyāṉ muṉ ṉiṉṟu poṉṉṉ iṭātār bhūmikku sāmantu m poṉṉṉ iṭa-mā‡ṭṭāta kuṭi palavum niṟkka-māṭṭātu pōṉamaiyil Ūrōmēy poṉṉṉ iṭṭu Avaṉ bhūmiyil poṉṉukku vēṇṭum aḷavu Emmūr vaiyiramē - ka-taṭākattukkē bhūmi-y-āka sāman=tu ceytu viṟṟu-k kuṭuttu maṇṭakattu kallilē Eḻuttu veṭṭu‡vat’ ākavum -

-

- Ipparicēy vayiramēka-taṭākattukku viṟṟa bhūmi mu-yāṇṭiṉ Akam-paṭi Uṭaiyaṉ mīḷka varil niyāyattāl - koḷḷa Uṭaiya poṉ ellām koṇṭu viṭṭu-k kuṭuppat’ ākavum -

-

- mūṉṟu sāmvatsaramum ‡ kaḻintāl Ip-pūmime y-iiv-vayairamēkattukkē Aṟa viṟṟu Aṭṭuvat’ ākavum -

-

- Ipparic’ aṉṟi Ār ākilum mīḷa-p paṇippār-uḷar ākil Avaṉ bhūmiyu - m vayyyiramēka-taṭākattukē mutal-āka viṟṟu Aṭṭuvat’ ākavum -

-

- Ivaṉ grāma-kaṇṭakaṉ āvāṉ ākavum -

-

- ‡ Itu mīḷa-p paṇi kēṭṭa madhyasthaṉ-uḷaṉ āykil Avaṉai veṭṭi-p pōka Iṭuvat’ ākavum -

-

- Ipparicu ceytu mīḷa-p paṇitttu-p paṇi-y -

- -
-
- - - - °vikrama° - °vikrama° - Alternative reading: °vikk=rama° - - - °catu‡rvveti° - °caturvveti° - - - - iṭa-mā‡ṭṭāta - iṭa-māāṭṭāta - - - - sāmvatsaramum - sāṁvatsaramuum - - -
- -
-

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

-

- Twenty-first year and day one hundred twenty-two of Dantivikramavarman. 

-

Decision vyavasthā that We, the members of the assembly of Uttaramērucaturrvedimaṅgala, did.

-

Whereas the cultivators kuṭikaḷ who owns land in our village, after saying “Let us make the boundary assessment” sāmantu, made the the boundary assessment, of whatsoever kind that has come vantaṉa, many cultivators kuṭi palavum, coming forward muṉ niṉṟu, literally “standing in front” as land-owners and not able to provide gold according to the boundary assessment, did not provide gold poṉ iṭātār gold, because of having leftpōṉamaiyil the village without coming forward to pay this due niṟkkamāṭṭātu, let it be engraved in letters on the stone of the maṇḍapa maṇṭakattu that, We, the members of the village committee ūrōm, after having provided gold poṉ iṭṭu and having made the boundary assessment for the Vajramegha tank in our village as per the extent aḷavu which is necessary vēṇtum for the gold due for his i.e. the defaulter land, we gave it for sale.

-

In this wise ipparicēy, if the owner uṭaiyaṉ of an inner tract akam paṭi comes to recover mīḷka varil, within three years mu-yāṇṭiṉ, land sold for the Vajramegha tank, let us give it back kuṭuppat’ ākavum, after receiving the full gold poṉ ellām koṇṭu viṭṭu due to get it as per the regulation niyāyattāl koḷḷa uṭaiya.

-

If three years pass away kaḻintāl, let us endow aṭṭuvatu this land for the Vajramegha tank, after selling it viṟṟu permanently aṟa, literally “so as to be settled”.

-

Contrary to this wise ipparic’ aṉṟi, “not being this wise”, if ākil one among those who give orders paṇippār-uḷar, whoever he is ār ākilum, i.e. yār ākilum, orders to return mīḷa such lands, let us endow land of his own avaṉ bhūmiyum, after selling it, as capital mutal-āka for the Vajramegha tank.

-

Let him be considered an enemy of the village grāma-kaṇṭakaṉ.

-

If one among the madhyasthas madhyasthaṉ-uḷaṉ āyil sollicits an order to return mīḷa-p paṇi kēṭṭa this i.e., such a land, let him be discharged of office avaṉai veṭṭippōka iṭuvatu ākavum.

-

Having done ceytu in this wise, and having ordered to return such lands mīḷa-p paṇittu paṇi-y

-
- -
-

EI version: 4 lines. Incorrect for 5 lines.

-

sāmantu. See EI discussion.

-

niyāyattāl koḷḷa uṭaiya poṉ ellām. See EI, p. 33. Literally: “the entire gold owned so as to get [the land] as per regulation”.

-

veṭṭi-p pōka iṭuvat’ ākavum. See EI, p. 34. Literally: "...".

-
- -
- -

- Edited in Subrahmanya Aiyer (SII 6, no. 334); re-edited and translated by Subrahmanya Aiyer (EI 24, no. 7/A); text and summary in (IP no. 109); re-edited and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), from autopsy and photographs (2019). -

- - - - - - 161 - 344 - - - - 29-34 - - - - 352-353 - 109 - - - - - - - - 18 - B/1898 - 61 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00110.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00110.xml deleted file mode 100644 index c076b7497..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00110.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,295 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Guḍimallam, Parameśurāmeśvara temple, stele, time of Dantivarman, year 49 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00110 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of land for the upkeep of a tank. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding - template v03 - Update the template - Creation of the file on the - repository - - - - -
- - - - svasti śrī - -

- kō-vi - caiya-dan=ti-vikki - rama-parumaṟku yā - ṇṭu nāṟpatto - ṉpat-āvatu -

-

- vi - jaiyātit=ta-ma - hāvali-vāṇa - rāyar pṛthivirā - jyañ ceyya ti - ruvippirampē - ṭ āḷuṅ kaṇat - tāruḷ kaḻiyama - ṅkilaṅ kiḻār - Ayyappōṟ - ṟiyēñ Eṅka - ḷ tūmpaṉ ēri - Uḷḷai nantiku - ṇṭilāṉa ceṟu - Ivvūr veḷ - ḷēriykku Ē - ricceṟuv’ āka - vaittēṉ -

-

- I - tiṟ bhogaṅ - koṇṭu Iv - - -veḷḷē - riyilē - kuḻikut - ti Aṭṭu - vat’ āka - vaittē - ṉ -

-

- Iddha - rmmañ ca - ndrādi - tyagata - ñ cel - vatāy - ttu -

-

- Id-dharmañ ce - lutti - ṉāṉ 1000 - Aśvame - dhañ cey - ta palaṉ - peṟuvā - r

- -

- - It’ aḻi - ttāṉ - vāraṇāci - Aḻittā - ṉ pāvat - tu-p paṭu - vār -

-

- Id-dha - rmmam‧ rakṣi - ttāṉ - Aṭi E - ṉ muṭi - mēli - ṉa -

-
- -
- - - śrī - śrī- - We believe that śrī is not a prefix to the name of the king, but part of the auspicious beginning. - - - - Iddharmmañ ca - About the initial i, notes: This initial vowel i is written as in the Grantha portion of the Kāśākuḍi plates. The more usual form occurs in ll. 37, 46 and 52 below. - - - - 1000 - notes: This symbol for one thousand occurs in one of the Nānāghāṭ inscriptions. This line has been read by Mr. Gopinatha Rao as °ṉāṛai which is probably a printer’s mistake for °ṉārai. The reading °ṉārai is unlikely as the symbol for ai, in other cases where it occurs in the inscription (ll. 6, 22 and 30), is not separated from the consonant to which it belongs. Besides the accusative °ṉārai would be wrong and would have to be corrected into °nāṉ or °ṉār. - - - - - notes: This side of the stone is damaged, but no letters have suffered on that account. This comment seems in fact to apply to the back side of the slab and to ARIE 1904/A/227 = ARIE 1903/227 which it bears. adds: The ll. 46 to 58 are altogether omitted in IA, xl, 104-14. - - - - vāraṇāci - notes: The length of ṇā is added to the right of ṇ and goes up; compare South-Ind. Inscrs. Vol. I p. 114 and Vol. II p. 200, note 1. - - - - Eṉ - notes: The vowel e is almost a semicircle with a loop at the left end. - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Fourty-ninth year of the victorious king Dantivikramavarman. 

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- This pious act lasts ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- The feet of he who protects this pious act are on my head. -

- -
- -
- - -
- -

-Edited and translated into English in ; re-edited and translated into English in (EI 11, no. 22), with facsimile; text and summary in (IP no. 110); re-edited and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on photographs (2019) kindly provided by Valérie Gillet. -

- - - - - - E - 113-114 - - - - - B - 225-226 - - - - - 110 - 354-357 - - - - - - - - - 22 - A/1903 - 226 - - - -
- - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00111.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00111.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 5296699f8..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00111.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,179 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruccāṉūr, donation, time of Dantivarman, year 51 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00111 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative - Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, California, 94041, - USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of 30 kaḻañcus of gold for the upkeep of a permanent lamp. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- ko-vicaiya-danti-vikramarṟku yāṇṭu aaimpatt-oṉṟ-āvatu -

- -

- tiru-veṅ - kaṭa-k-kōṭṭattu-k kuṭavūr-nāṭṭut tiru-c-cōkiṉūr-t tiru-vēṅkaṭattu Em-perumāṉaṭikaḷuk - ku Eḻunt-aruḷuvitta tiru-v-iḷaṅkōyiṟ perumāṉaṭikaḷukku-c cōḻa-nāṭṭu-c cōḻaṉār - Ulaka-perumāṉār vaitta tiru-viḷakku mutal mu-p-patiṉ kaḻañcu -

-

- im-mutalukk-āka-k karukki -paṭṭi Ip-poṉṉukku-k koṇṭu kuṭuttu-t tiru-viḷakku vaippittōm . -

- -
- -
- - - -
- -
-

Prosperity! Fortune!

-

Fifty-first year of the victorious king Dantivikramavarman.

-

-

-

- -
-

Note on Kuṭavūr-nāṭu.

-

Note on tiruviḷaṅkōyil.

-

Note on Ulaka-perumāṉār.

-
- -
- -

-Edited and translated in TTDI, with facsimile ; re-edited by (SII 12, no. 43); text and summary in (IP no. 111); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 17-18 - 43 - - - - - 358-359 - 111 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00112.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00112.xml deleted file mode 100644 index bc02ec3df..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00112.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,178 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Piḷḷaipāḷaiyam, donation, time of Dantivarman, year lost - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00112 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative - Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, California, 94041, - USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of land. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-tanti-vikkirama-parumakki yāṇṭu - kāṭu-veṭṭi muttaraiyaṉ viṇṇappattāl - ṭṭu Iṟaiyāṉ-cēri paḻan tiru-mēṟṟaḷiyum maṭamum U - uḷḷiṭṭu catur-vvppaṭṭi nālu paṭṭi nilamum paḻan tirumēl - parihāram-āka pādaradatti ceṉṟatu -

-

- Itu kāttāṉṉṉ aṭi Eṉ ṟalai mēḻaṉa -

- -
- -
- - - -
- -
-

Prosperity! Fortune!

-

year of the victorious king Dantivikramavarman.

-

at the request of Kāṭuveṭṭi Muttaraiyaṉ

-

the ancient glorious western temple and the hermitage at Iṟaiyaṉ Cēri

-

including four paṭṭis catur-vvppaṭṭi - that is, four paṭṭis nālu paṭṭi of land; the ancient glorious western temple

-

with exemption parihāram-ākaThat is, tax-free., a donation by anotherSkt. paradatti. is in force ceṉṟatuLiterally: “has gone”.

-

The feet of he who protects this donation are on my head.

- -
- -
-

Kāṭuveṭṭi Muttaraiyaṉ. Note on his identification.

-
- -
- -

-Edited in with facsimile (SII 12, no. 44); text and summary in (IP no. 112); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 18 - 44 - - - - - 360 - 112 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00113.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00113.xml deleted file mode 100644 index e045ead8d..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00113.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,161 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruccāṉūr, donation, time of Dantivarman, year lost - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00113 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative - Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, California, 94041, - USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-tan=tivikrama-devarkku yāṇṭu - -

- -

- tiru-vēṅkaṭa-k-kōṭṭattu mu kkum maka - ttu ciyakaṉ vaitta cempoṉ - koṇṭu viṭṭa Oru tiru-viḷakku - kōyililē śrī-kāryya makkaḷukku -

- -
- -
- - - -
- -
-

Prosperity! Fortune!

-

year of the victorious king Dantivikramadeva.

-

in the Tiruvēṅkaṭalkōṭṭam

-

the fine gold that Ciyakaṉ gave

-

with one glorious lamp

-

in the temple the temple-managers the people

-
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited and translated in TTDI ;text and summary in (IP no. 113); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 361 - 113 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00114.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00114.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 87701b4b2..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00114.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,182 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Paḷḷikoṇḍa, foundation, time of Nantipōttaraiyar, year 2 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00114 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative - Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, California, 94041, - USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Building of a mukhamaṇḍapa. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - śrī - - -

- nanti-pō - ttarayarkku yā - ṇṭu Iraṇṭ-āvatu -

- -

- Amaṉi-kaṅkaraiyar - makaṉ celva-vā - ṇa-rayaṉ vittū - r āṇṭu ceyvit - ta muka-maṇṭaka - m - -

- -
- -
- - - -
- -
-

Fortune!

-

Second year of Nantipōttaraiyar.

-

- This is the mukhamaṇḍapa that Celvavāṇarayaṉ, the son of Amaṉikaṅkaraiyar had made when ruling over Vittūr. -

- -
- -
-

On Nandivarman = Nandivarman III Pallava. See SII and IP.

-

On Celva-vāṇa-rayaṉ, son of Amaṉi-kaṅkaraiyar. See SII.

-

On Vittūr = Viccūr. See SII and IP.

-
- -
- -

-Edited in with facsimile (SII 12, no. 45); text and summary in (IP no. 114); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 18 - 45 - - - - - 362 - 114 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00115.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00115.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 18288985e..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00115.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,180 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kiḷiyaṉūr, donation, time of Nandivikramavarman, year 3 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00115 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative - Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, California, 94041, - USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of sheep for the upkeep of a perpetual lamp and of land for food offerings. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-nanti-vikkirama-paṟṉmarkkiu yāṇṭu muṉṟ-āvatu -

- -

- O - ymā-ṉāṭṭu kiḷiñelūr tikaittiṟal viṣṇugraham· Eṭu - ppitta tikaittiṟalār tiruviḷakkukku vaitta Āṭu mu-nnnūṟum Ivarē tiru-v-amu - tukku vaitta śrī-kōyiliṉ kiḻai ceṟuv’ iraṇṭum Iṟaiyili -

- -

- Idhanmam rakṣittār śrī-pātam Eṉ ṟa‡laiy mēlinṉa -

- -
- -
- - - -
- -
-

Prosperity! Fortune!

-

Third year of the victorious king Nandivikramavarman.

-

- Three hundred goats that the honourable Tikaittiṟal, who had the temple of Viṣṇu named after Tikaittiṟal built in Kiḷiñelūr in the Oymānāṭu, gave for a glorious lamp -and two fields, east of the glorious temple, that he also ivarē gave for the glorious food are given tax-free iṟaiyiliAccording to the summary in , this applies only to the land donation. This makes sense but goes agaisnt the syntax of the sentence.. - -

-

The florious feet of those who protect this pious deed are on my head.

-
- -
-
- -
- -

-Edited in with facsimile (SII 12, no. 47); text and summary in (IP no. 115); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on pictures. -

- - - - - - 19 - 47 - - - - - 363 - 115 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00116.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00116.xml deleted file mode 100644 index bac6c9f3a..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00116.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,204 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kunnāṇṭār Kōyil, donation, time of Nantipōttaraiyar, year 3 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00116 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative - Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, California, 94041, - USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of rice for feeding hundred persons on the day of tiruvātirai. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-nanti-p-pōtta - raiyarkku yāṇṭu 3-Āvatu -

- -

- mī - puḻai-nāṭṭu vaṭuvūr-k kaṇavatimā - ṉṉṉ-āyiṉa pakai-c-cantira-vicai-Aya - raiyaṉ ṟiru-v-ātirai nāṉṟu A - ṭṭ-aḻiya vaitta Arici 200 Iru - nūṟṟu nāḻi nūṟṟuvarkku . -

- -
- -
- - - - - mīpuḻai° - mipuḻai° - reads however mīpuḻai° in his summary. - - - - . - has 3 daṇḍas followed by an hyphen; has a piḷḷaiyār cuḻi. - - - - -
- -
-

Prosperity! Fortune!

-

Third year of Nantipōttaraiyar.

-

- There are 200 that is, two hundred, nāḻis of paddy that Pakaiccantiravicai Araiyaṉ, alias Kaṇavatimāṉ, of Vaṭuvūr in the Mīpuḷaināṭu, gave to cook and distribute aṭṭ-aḻiya at the time/on the day nāṉṟu of tiruvātirai; this is for the food for one hundred persons. -

- -
- -
-

On Nandivarman = Nandivarman III Pallava. See SII and IP.

-

tiruvātirai. A festival?

-

nūṟṟuvar. A corporate body (“the One Hundred”)? Or one hundred people at random?

-
- -
- -

-Edited in (IPS no. 15); translated in (IPS no. 15); reedited by with facsimile (SII 12, no. 46); text and summary in (IP no. 116); reedited by with facsimile (SII 34, no. 347); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on photos. -

- - - - - - 10 - 15 - - - - - 19 - 46 - - - - - 364 - 116 - - - - - 321 - 347 - - - - - - - - - 18-19 - 15 - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00117.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00117.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 1a69b6085..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00117.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,195 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Cīyamaṅkalam pillar inscription, time of Nandivarman, year 3 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00117 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - -

- kō-vicai - ya-nanti-vikkirama - -parumaṟku yā - ṇṭu mūṉṟ-ā - vatu -

-

- Ūṟṟukkā - ṭṭu-k-kōṭṭattu - p perum-pālai - -Ūr-t tiru-p-pālai - y-ūr kiḻavaṉṉṉ aṭa - vi śrī-kaṅkaraiyar - nērkuṭṭi perumāṉā - rkku viṇṇappañ ceytu - Aṭavi taṉ ṟāyār naṅkaṉi naṅkaiyārkk-āka-c ce - yta muka-maṇṭakam -

-

- It’ aḻi-Āmai-k kāttāṉ a - ṭi Eṉ muṭi mē - l -

- -
- -
- - - - - mēl - mēla - - - - -
- -
- -

Prosperity! Fortune!

- -

Third year of the victorious king Nandivikramavarman.

- -

Aṭavi, the lord kiḻavaṉ of Tiruppālaiyūr in Perumpālaiyūr in the district kōṭṭam of Ūṟṟukkāṭu, after having made request to the glorious king of the Gaṅgas, the mukhamaṇḍapa that Aṭavi made for his own mother Naṅkaṉi Naṅkaiyār.

- -

This pious act, the feet of he who protects it without destroying it are on my head.

- -
- -
- -

- perumpālai-ūr. Compare with tiruppālai-y-ūr, line 8. -

-

- aḻi-āmai. Here again, there is no sandhi. A more frequent form is aḻi-y-āmai. -

- -
- -
- -

-Edited in with facsimile and English translation (EI 7, no. 4); text and summary in (IP no. 117); re-edited and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs (2019). -

- - - - B - 320-322 - - - - 117 - 365-366 - - - - - - - - 52 - B/1900 - 68 - - - - - 89-94 - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00118.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00118.xml deleted file mode 100644 index cb07a8bb0..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00118.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,190 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kīḻūr, Vīraṭṭānēśvara, rock, time of Nandivarman III, year 4 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00118 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation (16 kaḻañcus of gold) for a perpetual - lamp in honour of the Mahādeva of the Tiruviraṭṭānam at - Tirukkōvalūr. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - -

- kō-vicaiya-nanti-vikkira - ma-parumaṟku yāṇṭu nāl-āvatu

-

- tiru - -k-kōvalūr tiru-viraṭṭānattu mā - -tēvarkku naṉtā viḷakkiṉu - kku Ati-Araiya-maṅkalattu - tirunilai-kiḻavaṉ kaṉṉaṉ kuṭu - tta poṉ ma ma - patinṉ aṟu kaḻañcu

-

- Ip-pon - nṉiṉṉṉukku nicatam Uri-y ne - y poliyūṭṭ’ āka

-

- Aṭṭa vaittatu

-

- kāttār kayy uḻutu kuṭuttu

-

- Ip-poṉ panmāyeśvara-rakṣai

- -
- -
- - - - - tirunilaikiḻavaṉ kaṉṉaṉ kuṭu - tirunilaikiḻa kaṉṉa - - - - -
- -
- -

Prosperity! Fortune!

- -

Fourth year of the victorious king Nandivikramavarman.

- -

As for the sixteen kaḻañcus of gold that Tirunilaikiḻavaṉ Kaṉṉaṉ of Atiyaraimaṅkalam gave for a perpetual lamp for the Mahādeva of the Tiruviṭṭānam at Tirukkōvalūr.

- -

With this gold there shall be poured daily out of its interest one uri of ghee.

-

Thus has it been given.

-

kāttār kayy uḻutu kuṭuttu

-

This gold is under the protection of the Paṉmāheśvaras.

- - -
- -
- - -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 7, no. 929); text and summary in (IP no. 118); encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020). -

- - - - 456 - 929 - - - - - 118 - 367 - - - - - - - - 18 - B/1902 - 300 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00119.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00119.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 90294953c..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00119.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,214 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruveḷḷaṟai, praise, time of Nandivarman, year 6 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00119 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative - Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, California, 94041, - USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Praise of Cellikkōmāṉ. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- bhāradvāja-kula-tilaka-braṟhma-kṣatra-kulodbhava-pa - llava-mahārājādhirāja-parameśvaranṉ-ākiya śrī-dan=ti-na - nti-varmaṟku yāṇṭ’ āṟāvatu -

- -

- tiruveḷḷaṟai pa - riṭaiyār brahma llava-mā-maṟai-t tōṉṟi - vaṉi vēntaṉ· ḷ· māṟpiṭuk’ iḷaṅkōvēḷā - ṉ cāttaṉ· ce taṉ māmaṉ paracirāmaṉ - tiru-marumāṉ peru-e celli-k-kōmāṉ malla - vānṉ toṇ-maṟavaṉ ta cūṭirāṭi cūṭi mā-maṇi - vēḷāḷaraiyār taṅ lai nirava yaṉan=-tan=timaṅkai - k kāṉa Uṟutiyāṉ pukaḻ vaḷarka - branmatēyattukku Uṟutiyān viḻu-p-pēr-araiyaṉ cā - ttaṉ maṟṟavaṉ p-pukaḻ niṟkka -

- -

- Itu pāṭi-t tantōn - peruṅkāviti caṭaiyaṉ paḷḷi -

- -
- -
- - - -
- -
-

Prosperity! Fortune!

-

Sixth year of the glorious Danti-NandivarmanThat is, Nandivarman, son of Dantin, that is, Dantivarman. alias the Pallava emperor or the great kings and supreme lord, who is the ornament of the lineage of the Bhāradvājas and who rose in a lineage of Brahmins and Kṣatriyas. -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -
- -
-

On Danti-Nandivarman = Nandivarman III Pallava. See SII and IP.

-
- -
- -

-Edited in (IPS no. 15); translated in (IPS no. 15); reedited by with facsimile (SII 12, no. 46); text and summary in (IP no. 116); reedited by with facsimile (SII 34, no. 347); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on photos. -

- - - - - - 10 - 15 - - - - - 19 - 46 - - - - - 364 - 116 - - - - - 321 - 347 - - - - - - - - - 18-19 - 15 - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00120.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00120.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 2f375c7fc..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00120.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,206 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Vantavāci, sale-deed, time of Nantippōtairayar, year 6 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00120 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative - Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, California, 94041, - USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Sale-deed of tax incomes for conducting worship. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- nanti-p-pōttaraiyarkku yāṇṭ’ ā - ṟ-āvatu -

- -

- veṇ-kuṉṟa-k-kōṭṭattu veṇ-kuṉṟattu - sabhaiyōm Emm-uūr malai mēṟ-p bhaṭārarai nō - kkatt’ ellā-nellum Aiyaciyum poṉṉun - neyyum Eppoērppaṭṭatum nelvāyilil iruntu - vāḻum tōciyārkku viṟṟu vilai-y-āvaṇam ceytu ku - ṭuttōm veṇ-kuṉṟattu sabhaiyōm-mm -

- -

- it’ aṉṟ’ eṉṟō - m Uṇṭikeaiyum paṭṭikaiyum kāṭṭāmēyl nilaikkāt - tu muṉpu niṟkavēy meyvoṟ āyiraṅ- - kāṇam iṭa-v oṭṭi-k kuṭuttōm -

- -

- It-tarmma - ttai IlakkittāṉIrakṣittāṉ aṭi Eṉ ṟaleai mēlaṉa -

- -
- -
- - - - - °kuṉṟa° - °kuṉṟa° - A damage appears to have occurred after the edition by . - - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Sixth year of Nantippōtaraiyar. -

- -

- We the members of the assembly of Veṇkuṉṟam in the Veṇkuṉṟakkōṭṭam, so as to look for nōkka the god bhaṭār on the hill in our village, having sold to Tōciyār, who resides in Nelvāyil, all the tax income from the paddy, the gold of the Aippaci month, and the oil, of whatsoever kind, having made the sale-document, We the members of the assembly of Veṇkuṉṟam, we have given it. -

- -

- If we say that this is not so, we solemnly declare oṭṭi-k kuṭuttōm so that we place one thousand kāṇams ... -

- -

- The feet of he who protects this pious deed are on my head. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 7, no. 80); text and summary in (IP no. 120); re-edited by Valérie Gillet (ref); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on photos. -

- - - - - - 34 - 80 - - - - - 369-371 - 120 - - - - - - - - - - - 53 - B/1900 - 73 - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00122.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00122.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 0e0aaff47..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00122.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,243 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tillaisthānam, donation, time of Nantippōtairayar, year 10 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00122 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative - Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, California, 94041, - USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for the upkeep of a perpetual lamp. - - - -

Medial i and ī interchangeable.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- yaṇ - ṭu patt-āvatu -

- -

- tiruṉe - ttāṉattu maā-tē - varkku tellāṟṟ’ e - ṟinta nantai-pōttarai - yar tiru-viḷakku ku - ṭutta tīyī-p-pōkku - cem-poṉ Aṟu-pati - ṉ kaḻañcu -

- -

- Itaṉālll ā - ṇṭuvarai palicai - ṉnel Aṟu-patiṉ - kalam -

- -

- Itaṉālllu - m pakalum-āka ṉnica - ti Uri-y ṉney tiru - k-kōyil-uṭaiyā - ṉukku Aḷaṉntu ku - ṭuttu neoṉntā vīi - ḷakku Eripppō - m āṉōm perum - puliyūr sabhai - yōm -

- -

- Itu pa - ṉmāhecuva - ra-rakṣai -

- -
- -
- - - - - tiru-viḷakku ku - ṭutta - tiru-viḷakkukku ku - ṭutta - - - - - - pa - ṉmāhecuva - ra-rakṣai - - - pa - ṉmāheśuva - rakṣai - - - - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Tenth yearMost probably of tellāṟṟ’ eṟinta nanti-pōttaraiyar mentioned in lines 4-6.. -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- This pious deed is under the protection of the Paṉmāheśvaras. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 5, no. 609); text and summary in (IP no. 122); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on photos. -

- - - - - - 243 - 609 - - - - - 380-381 - 122 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00123.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00123.xml deleted file mode 100644 index ebdd1a533..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00123.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,216 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruvatikai, donation, time of Nantippōttaraiyar, year 10 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00123 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for the upkeep of perpetual lamps. - - - -

- ṟai with two aligned kompus (line 10).

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- tiru-v-iraṭṭāṉ - ttu mahā-de - varkku-t teḷ - ḷāṟṟ’ eṟinta - nanti-p-pō - tt-araiyar ti - ru-viḷakkiṉu - kku-k kuṭutta - poṉ niṟai - nūṟṟu-k ka - ḻañcu -

- -

- Itaṉ - palicai-y-āl - yāṇṭu pa - tt-āvatu mu - tal-āka nāḷ - vāy nāḻi - ney aḷa - ntu kuṭuttu - Iraṇṭu nan - tā-viḷakku Erip - pippēṉ āṉēṉ - It-tiru-v-irattāṉa - ttu-k kuṭumpi-y-a - ruḷ kāḷi-śśśarumaṉ-ē - ṉ -

- -

- Iv-viḷakku - akarattu pal-mā - heśvara-rakṣai -

- - -
- -
- - - - - pal-māheśvara-rakṣai - pal-mā - notes that "[t]wo more lines are effaced at the end". - - - - -
- -
- - -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 8, no. 309); text and summary in (IP no. 123); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 168 - 309 - - - - - 382-383 - 123 - - - - - - - - - - 21 - B/1903 - 36 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00124.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00124.xml deleted file mode 100644 index c6c8f0396..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00124.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,213 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kīḻūr, donation, time of Nandivikramavarman, year 11 - - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00124 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for the upkeep of perpetual lamps. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-nanti-vikkirama-paruma - ṟku yāṇṭu patiṉ oṉṟ-āvatu -

- -

- malāṭṭu-k ku - ṟukkai-k-kūṟṟattu-t tiru-k-kōvalūr-t ti - ruvīraṭṭāṉattu mātēvarku nantā viḷa - kk’ iravum pakalummm iraṇṭu viḷakk’ erippata - ṟku viṭēlviṭuku Iḷaṅkō Ati-Araiyaṉ āyi - ṉa vikramapūti makaḷ viṭē - l-viṭuku āyiṉa cāttaṉ maṟavaṉ ṟēvi pūti - viṭēlviṭuku kallāl ni - ṉ ṉiṟai nārpatt’ eṇ ka - ḻañcu palicai kaḻañciṉ vāy-t tiṅ - aṭṭuvat’ āka tiru-k-kōvalūr - nakarattār kaiy vaiaḻi vaittatu -

- -
- -
- - - āyi - ṉa - āyi - - - - - viṭē - l-viṭuku - viṭē - - - - - ka - ḻañcu - ka - - - - - nakarattār - - ttār - - -
- - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Eleventh year of the victorious Pallava king Nandivikramavarman. 

- -

- -

- - -
- -
- -

Compare IP 129.

- - - -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 7, no. 924); text and summary in (IP n° 124); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 455 - 924 - - - - - 384-385 - 124 - - - - - - - - - 18 - B/1902 - 295 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00125.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00125.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 62122f0a3..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00125.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,216 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Centalai, donation, time of Nantippōttaraiyar, year 12 - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00125 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of land for food-offering and for the upkeep of a perpetual lamp. - - - -

The puḷḷi is used.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file on the - repository - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- - yāṇṭu 10 2 - -Āvatu -

- -

- te - ḷḷārṟu - Eṟiñcnta - nanti-p - -pōtta - raiyar - niyama-mā - kāḷattu - piṭāriyā - - rkku - 4 100 pa - ḻaṅ-kā - cu kuṭu - ttu vi - lai ko - ṇṭu nica - ti mu-k-ku - - ṟuṇi ne - l·ll-āka - Oru tiru - v-amitiṉu - kkum· O - ru non - tā viḷa - kkiṉukku - m - - vaccaaitta ni - lam· mā - ḷikai - Uṭaiyā - ṉ vē - li -

- -

- Itu - kātta - ṉ Aṭi E - - ṉ talai - mēli - ṉa -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- 12th year. -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 6, no. 447); text and summary in (IP no. 125); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) and translated for the first time by Emmanuel Francis, based on autopsy and photographs. -

- - - - - - 185 - 447 - - - - - 386-387 - 125 - - - - - -
- - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00126.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00126.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 311b391ef..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00126.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,181 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kāvērippākkam, donation, time of Nandivarman, year 13 - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00126 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for supplying oil. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file on the - repository - - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- nanti-varmmaṟku yāṇṭu patiṉ muṉṟ-āvatu -

- -

- Emm-uūr Ayyakki paṅkaḷa-Aṭikaḷ maru-makaḷ pakkal AñAin-kaḻañ ka - ḻañcu poṉ vaittu patiṉ l Ivv-eṇṇai Uḷḷiṭṭ’ -

- -

- aṉṟi Emmumūravar nicati Āḻākkum kuṭu - kālamum muṭṭālmal Aṭṭuvippārkaḷ ākavum - - śrī- - -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Thirtheenth year of Nandivarman. 

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -
- -
- -

notes that "[t]he inscription is built in at the right end”.

- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 12, no. 50); text and summary in (IP no. 126); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) and translated for the first time by Emmanuel Francis, based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 20 - 50 - - - - - 388 - 126 - - - - - -
- - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00127.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00127.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 187fd93db..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00127.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,177 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kaḷattūr, tax regulation, time of Nandivarman, year 14 - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00127 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the paiement of a tax on the income from a lake. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file on the - repository - - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- nandi-varmma - -mamahārājaṟku-p - patiṉāl-āvatu -

- -

- kaḷat - tūr-k-kōṭṭattu kaḷa - ttūr peru-makkaḷ paṅ - kāṉāṭṭaiyil - ttān Erippāt - tu kōyil-āka parame - śvaran muṉp-āka pe - ru-makkaḷum kaṭava muūṉ - ṟil Oṉṟum parame - śvaran sukṛtam -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Fourteenth year of the great king Nandivarman. 

- -

- -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 12, no. 51); text and summary in (IP no. 126); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) and translated for the first time by Emmanuel Francis, based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 21 - 51 - - - - - 389 - 127 - - - - - -
- - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00128.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00128.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 9584f3492..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00128.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,178 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Taḷavāṉūr, regulation, time of Nandivikramavarman, year 15 - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00128 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Agreement concerning a donation of gold. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file on the - repository - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya - -nanti-vikkirama-p - -parumakku yāṇṭu pati - ṉ aint-āvatu -

- -

- veṇ - pēṭṭu vāḻum taḷi-Uṭaiya - kāḷaya I makaṉ te - - - mulaṅkūr-p puraicar - moṭaṉṉṉ iṭai-k ka - ḻañcu-p poṉ muta - l koṇṭu Ip-po - -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Fifteenth year of the victorious king Nandivikramavarman. 

- -

- -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 12, no. 52); text and summary in (IP no. 128); edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) and translated for the first time by Emmanuel Francis, based on autopsy and photographs. -

- - - - - - 21 - 52 - - - - - 390 - 128 - - - - - -
- - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00129.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00129.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 12b61f2bf..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00129.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,219 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kīḻūr, donation, time of Nandivikramavarman, year 16 - - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00129 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for the upkeep of perpetual lamps. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-nantivik - kirama-parumaṟku yāṇṭu patiṉ-āṟāvatu -

-

- malāṭṭu-k kuṟukkai-k kūṟṟattu-t ti - rukkōvalūr-t tiruvīraṭṭāṉat - tu mā-tēvarkk’ oru nantā viḷakku - Iravum pakalum cantirātittavarai Erippa - - taṟku teṉṉavaṉ iḷaṅkō-vēḷār-āyiṉa - maṟavam pūti vaitta poṉ viṭēl - viṭuku tī-p-pōkku-c cem-poṉ - Irupattu nāṟ kaḻañcu niṟai -

-

- Itaṉ palicai kaḻañciṟ pērtt’ itu nā - ḷ Uriy ney Aṭṭuvatāka tirukkōva - lūr nakarattār kaivaḻi vaiytta - tu -

- -
- -
- - - - teṉṉavaṉ - teṉṉavaṉ - teṉṉavaṉ - - - - maṟavam - maṟavam - maṟavam - - - - tī° - ti° - tī° - - - - kaivaḻi - kaiyvaḻi - kaivaḻi - - -
- - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Sixteenth year of the victorious king Nandivikramavarman. 

- -

- -

- -

- -

- - -
- -
- -

Compare IP 124.

- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 7, no. 925); reedited by (EI 32, no. 10); text and summary in (IP n° 129); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 455 - 925 - - - - - - - - - 392-393 - 129 - - - - - - - - - 18 - B/1902 - 296 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00130.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00130.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 58d597c8c..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00130.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,201 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kīḻūr, donation, time of Nandivikramavarman, year 17 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00130 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for the upkeep of a perpetual lamp. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-vikrama-nanti-vikkiramaṟkku yāṇṭu 10 7-Āvaṭtu -

- -

- malāṭṭu - kuṟukkai-k-kūṟṟattu tirukkōvalūr tiruvivīraṭṭāṉattu-p perumāḷukku Oru no - ntā viḷakku māṇikkattār makaḷār kōṉakkaṉār vāṇa-kō-v-araiyar pōki - yār vaitta poṉ paḻaṅ-kāciṉōṭu urai-y oppatu 10 5 -

-

- Ip-poṉ - patiṉ añaiṅ-kaḻañcuṅ koṇṭu kaṭavōm ivv-ūr nakarattōm -

-

- Ip-poṉ - ṉiṉ palicaiyālē-y nicatam uḻakk’ eṇṇai ĀAṭṭuvōm āṉōm nakarattōm -

-

- Itu pan-māheśvara-rakṣai - -

- -
- -
- - - kō-vicaiya-vikrama° - kō-vicaiya-vikrama° - The formula is indeed unusual, but contra , it is retained here. - - -
- - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- 17th year of the victorious valorous king Nandivikramavarman. 

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -
- -
-

Perumāḷ = Śiva. See IP p395fn1.

-
- -
- -

- Edited in by (EI 7, no. 20A); text and summary in (IP n° 130); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis, based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - A - - - - - - 394-395 - 130 - - - - - - - - - 17 - B/1902 - 278 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00131.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00131.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 4e50bc875..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00131.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,168 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Māṅkāṭu, regulation, time of Nandivikramavarman, year 17 - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00131 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Agreement on the management of a donation. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file on the - repository - - - - -
- - - śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya nanti-vikkirama-parumaṟku yāṇṭu patiṉ-eḻ-āvatu -

- -

- puli - yūr-k-kuṭi-k-kōṭṭattu-k kuṉṟattūr-c ceḻiya-vāṇiyarkaḷō - m tiruvātiraiyun talai-y-uvāvum tiṅkaḷ nilaviyuṅ kāṭṭuvō - m āṉōm tiruveḷḷi-kiīḻ-uṭaiya cavaiyōm . -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Fortune! -

- -

- Seventeenth year of the victorious king Nandivikramavarman. 

- -

- -

- -
- -
- -

ceḻiya-vāṇiyarkaḷ. See : “Perhaps they were merchants from the Pāṇḍya (Ceḻiya) country.”

-
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 12.53); text and summary in (IP no. 131); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) and translated for the first time by Emmanuel Francis, based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 21 - 53 - - - - - 396 - 131 - - - - - -
- - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00132.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00132.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 9473abb9d..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00132.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,295 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruvallam, donation, time of Nandivikramavarman, year 17 - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00132 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of three villages as a newly-named devadāna and regulation thereof. This is an explicit later copy of the original Pallava inscription. - - - -

The word caturvvēti is written entirely in Tamil characters (lines 10 and 21).

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file on therepository - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- tiru-maṇṭapam iḻicci-y eṭuppa - taṟku muṉp-uḷḷa cilālēkai-p-paṭi -

- -

- kō-vijaya-nan=ti-vikkirima-panmarkku yāṇṭu 10 7 - -Āvatu -

- -

- paṭuvūr-k-kompu-kōṭṭattu mīyāṟu-nāṭṭu-t tiīkkā - livallam-uṭaiya parameśvarark=ku - Iṉ-ṉn-nāṭṭu Aimpūṇiyum vi - ḷattūrum It-tēvar tēva - tāṉam Amaruṉṟi-maṅkalamu - m viṭēlviṭuku-vikkiramā - titta-c-caturvvēti-maṅ - kalam eṉṉum pērā - l Ēka-k-kirāmam-āka mā-vali - -vāṇa-rāyaṉ-āṉa vikkiramātitta - -vāṇa-rāyaṉ viṇṇappattālu - m kāṭupaṭṭi-t-tamiḻ-p-pērarayaṉ - Āṇattiyālum Ēka-k-kirāmam ākki Ivv-a - maruṉṟi-maṅkalamuṉṉṉ it-tīkkaārālivalla - m-uṭaiya parameśvararkku Iṟuttu va - rukiṉṟa Iraṇṭ’ āyira-k kāṭiyum - poṉṉṉ irupatiṉ kaḻañcum iv-vi - ṭēlviṭuku-vikkiramātitta-c-catiur - vvēti-maṅkalattu-c cavaiyār - Iṟuppār ākavum -

-

- iṉ-ṉn-nellil-t ti - ru-v-amirtukku nellu Aṟu nūṟṟu - -k kāṭiyum tiru-v-uṇṇāḻikaiyuḷḷḷ ārā - tittu-p paraicarikkum śiva-brāhmaṇa - rkku nellu Aiñn - -ñnūṟṟu-k kāṭiyum śrī-pa - li-koṭṭuvārk=ku nellu - Aiñ-ñn-nūṟṟu-k= kāṭiyum - tiru-p-paḷḷittāmam - paṟippārkkum tiru-p - -patiyam pāṭuvār uḷḷi - ṭṭa pala paṇi ceyvār - kku nellu nā-nūṟṟu - -k kāṭiyum tiru-knon=tā - viḷakkukkum tiru-mey-p-pūccukkum - citārikkumaṟṟum khaṇḍaspphuṭita-navaka - nmātikaḷuk=kummm āka-p poṉ Irupati - ṉ kaḻañcum Āka Iṉ-ṉn-nellum - Ip-poṉṉum It-tēvaṟk=ku - cantrātittavalll iṟuppārkaḷ ā - kavum -

- -

- Ip-paricu nivan=tam-āka - -c ceytu kuṭuttōm -

- -

- Id-dhmamamadharmmam panmāhe - śvara-rakṣai . . -

- -
- -
- - - - - - - tiīkkā - - - - - paraicarikkum - pācarikkum - - - - khaṇḍaspphuṭita-navaka - nmātikkaḷuk=um - khaṇḍaspuṭita-navaka - nmātikkaḷuk=um - notes that this has to be read sphuṭita-navakarmādi. On the phrase khaṇḍaspuṭita, see - - . - - - - poṉ - In o, only the kompu element is unclear. - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- This is a copy of a stone-inscriptionLiterally: “according to paṭi a stone-inscription”. which existed before the reconstruction iḻicci-y eṭuppataṟkuLiterally: “before constructing anew having destroyed the old structure". of the glorious pillared hall tiru-maṇṭapam. -

- -

- 17th year of the victorious king NantivikkiramapanmarSanskrit Nandivikramavarman.. -

- -

- For the great lord of Tīkkālivallam in the Mīyāṟunāṭu in the Paṭuvūrkompukōṭṭam, - in this same nāṭu, in the villages of Aimpūṇi, Viḷattūr, and Amaruṉṟi-maṅgala, a devadāna of this same god - ― now as a single village, under the name Viṭēlviṭuku-vikkiramātitta-c-caturvedimaṅgala ― - having become a single village, at the request of VikkkiramātittavānarāyaṉSanskrit Vikramādityabāṇarāja. alias Māvalivāṇarāyaṉ Sanskrit Mahābalibāṇarāja and by execution āṇatti of Kāṭupaṭṭi-t-tamiḻ-p-pērarayaṉ ― - the members of the assembly of this Viṭēlviṭuku-vikkiramātitta-c-caturvedimaṅgala should pay as taxes iṟuppār ākavum two thousands kāṭis of paddy and twenty kaḻañcus of gold - which used to come varukiṉṟaLiterally: “which come”. before muṉ from this Amaruṉṟi-maṅgala as tax payment iṟuttu Literally: “having paid taxes”. - for this great lord of Tīkkālivallam in the Mīyāṟunāṭu. -

- -

- So that there be ākaIn line 39. from this paddy - - - for sacred food offerings tiruvamirtukku: six hundred kāṭis of paddy - for the Śivabrāhmaṇas who offer worship ārātittu and assist the priests paricarikkumS. Palaniappan pointed out that paricari-ttal means “to assist the priests by carrying out the tasks as ordered by the priests” (see SII 19.62, line 1). in the glorious innermost sanctuary tiru-v-uṇṇāḵikai tentatively translated this word by “store-room”.: five hundred kāṭis of paddy - for those who beat koṭṭuvārkku drums at the time of the glorious pali offeringSanskrit bali.: five hundred kāṭis of paddy - for those who pick paṟippārkkum flowers to make the glorious flower-garlands tiru-p-paḷḷittāmam and for those who do many services, including those who sing pāṭuvār the glorious hymns tiru-p-patiyam: four hundred kāṭis of paddy - - - and so that there be ākaIn line 40. twenty kaḻañcus of gold - - for glorious perpetual lamps - for anointing of the idolLiterally: “the anointing of the glorious body”. - for incense citāri translated this word by “bark”. and for repairing breaks and cracks - - this paddy and this gold, theyThat is, the members of the assembly of this Viṭēlviṭuku-vikkiramātitta-c-caturvedimaṅgala. should pay it as tax iṟuppārkaḷ ākavum -to this god as long as the moon and the sun. 

- -

- In this manner, having made a nibandhaThat is, an endowment of property for temple-worship., we have given it. -

- -

- This pious donation is under the protection of the Panmāheśvaras. -

- -
- - - -
- -

Edited and translated by (SII 3, no. 43); text and summary in (IP no. 132).

-

Encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis, based on previous editions.

-

Thanks to Dr. N. Marxia Gandhi and Sudalaimuthu Palaniappan for their input for the improved reading in line 26, and to Mani Manivannan for photographic documentation.

- - - - - - 92-94 - 43 - - - - - 396 - 131 - - - - - - - - - 5 - B/1890 - 1a - - - - - - - - - -
- - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00133.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00133.xml deleted file mode 100644 index f09be7412..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00133.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,179 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruvallam, donation, time of Nandi<supplied reason="undefined">vikrama</supplied>varman, year 17 - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00133 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of land for food-offering. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file on the - repository - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya nan - ti-vikkira - ma-parumarkku yā - ṇṭu patiṉ eḻ-āva - tu -

-

- Iḷaiyanūr-nāṭṭu Iḷaiyanū - r iruntu vāḻum mōṉaiyār ma - kaṉ viṉaiyādityan tikkāḷi - yaṭikaḷukku Oḻukk-avi naṉ - ri Ariciyum āḻākku neyyyum - kku toṇṭai-pūvun niyati - tikkāli Aṭikaḷukku vaḻi - pāṭu ceyvatāka kuṭuttān - lu paṭṭi lvarkku pūca - kai-ceyya-k koṭuttān - taṉaiyummm orunāḷ muṭ - māyiṟa kaṅkai Iṭaik kumari -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Seventeenth year of the victorious king Nandivikramavarman. 

- -

- ... -

- -
- -
- -

notes: “This inscription is damaged and obstructed by a pillar."

- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 6, no. 282); text and summary in (IP no. 133); encoded and translated for the first time here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous edition(s). -

- - - - - - 144 - 282 - - - - - 400-401 - 133 - - - - - - - 15 - A/1897 - 304 - - - -
- - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00134.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00134.xml deleted file mode 100644 index fd170094a..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00134.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,228 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruvaṇṇāmalai, donation, time of Nandivikramavarman, year 17 - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00134 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for the upkeep of a perpetual lamp. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file on the - repository - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vijeya-nantivikkiṟrama-tēvarmarkku yāṇṭu 10 7vatu -

- -

- Uṭaiyār tiruvaṇṇāmalai-Uṭaiya-nāyaṉārukku Oru nantā viḷakku māṇikkattār makaṉḷār kōṉakkaṉār vīāṇakōvaṇraiyar pōkiyār vaitta poṉ -

- -

- paḻaṅkāciṉōṭu uṇṭi yēṟapatāya meṭiyapeyāĀṉ patiṉaiñcu kaḻiañcu koṇṭu nantā viḷakku Erippkka-k kaṭavōm Ivv-ūr nakarattōm -

-

- y-ip-poṉṉiṉ palicāaiyāl nittiyam Oḻakk’ eṇṇai-y aṭṭuvōm āṉōm nakarattōm -

-
- -
- - - - - nantivikkiṟramatēvarmarkku - nantivikkiṟamatēvarmarkku - - - - makaṉḷār - makaṉḷār - - - - vīāṇakōvaṇraiyar - vīāṇakōvaṉraiyar - vīāṇakōvaṇraiyāar - - - - uṇṭi yēṟapatāya meṭiyapeyāĀṉ - uṇṭi yeṟapatāya meṭiyapeyāĀṉ - uṇṭi yēṟapatāya meṭiyapeyāĀṉ - suggest to emend to Uraiyoppatu 10 5l. Ippoṉ, where l. appears to stand for the symbol of kaḻañcu, to Urai-y oppatu 10 5 kaḻañcu l. Ippoṉ. See DHARMA_INSPallava00130. - - - - kaḻiañcu - kaḻiñcu - kaḻiañcu - - - - Erippkkak - Erippak - Erippkkak - - - - palicāaiyāl - palicāaiyāl - - - - nittiyam - nittiycatam - This emendation, based on the parallel in DHARMA_INSPallava00130, does not appear strictly necessary. - - - - āṉōm - āṉōvum - āṉōvum - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Seventeenth year of the victorious king Nandivikramavarman. 

- -

- The gold that ... has given ... -

- -

- With ... we are bound to burn a perpetual lamp, we, the members of the nakaram of this village. -

- -

- We have become those who will provide with the interest from this gold ... , we, the members of the nakaram of this village. -

- -
- -
- -

This inscription has been copied for Colin Mackenzie at the beginning of the 18th century and has since been lost. This inscription could not be traced at the time of the complete epigraphical survey of the temple (6). The only available documentation, its transcription without indication of line beginnings, is found in the Mackenzie manuscripts collection (GOML, D. 2869-3). The reading in this source might be flawed. The editorial conventions in are unclear.

- -

notes A similar record found at Kīḻūr has been published in the Epigraphia Indica, Vol. VII, p. 193 (vide No. 62 above). This statement is confusing as EI 7.26A, p. 193, is an inscription from Cōḻapuram, different in contents, and as SITI 1, no. 62, is an inscription from Cēntamaṅkalam, also different in contents. notes This is the ony Pallava inscription found at Tiruvaṇṇāmalai. Probably this is a copy of a similar record found at Kīḻūr in Tirukkōyilūr taluk of South Arcot district. There are in fact inscriptions from Kīḻūr edited in EI 7, among which EI 7.20A, p. 139, not 193 (= SITI 1, no. 51, not 62 = DHARMA_INSPallava00130), records, in very similar terms, a donation by the same donor to the god of the Tiruvīraṭṭāṉam at Tirukkōvalūr, in the same year of the same king.

- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SITI 1, no. 113); text and summary in (IP no. 134); encoded and translated for the first time here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous edition(s). -

- - - - - - 122-123 - 113 - - - - - 402-403 - 134 - - - - - - - - - -
- - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00135.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00135.xml deleted file mode 100644 index aa34a7012..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00135.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,195 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kāñcipuram, Ulakaḷantaperumāḷ, regulation, time of Nantippōtairayar, year 18 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00135 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative - Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, California, 94041, - USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Granting of trade permission. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- teḷḷāṟṟ’ erinta nan - ti-p-pōttaraiyarkku yāṇṭu pa - tin eṭṭāvātu -

- -

- Aṉuttara-p-palla - varaiyaṉ viṇṇappaṭṭāṟ kā - ṭupaṭṭi-tamiḻ-p-pēraiyāṉ ā - ṇatti-y-āka viṭēlviṭuku kutirai - -c-cēriyārkku-k karuppūran talaiyā - ka-c ceruppu-k kaṭai-y-āka Ella - -vyāpāramun kaṭai Eṟi vāṇika - ñ ceyya-p-peruvār-āka-p paṇittōm - -

-

- - pūmi Uḷḷa Aḷavu - Itaṟku sarvva parihāramāka-k ku - ṭuttōm Ip-paricu muṟṟuvit - tāṉ caṭṭaṭṭa-pōcaṉ veṇṇaṉ - -

- - - -
- - - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Eighteenth year of Nantipōttaraiyar, who destroyed Teḷḷāṟu. -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in MCC Magazine 8 (1890-91), p. 98-104; text and summary in (IP no. 135); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis, based on . Grantha characters not certified. -

- - - - - - 404-405 - 135 - - - - - - - - - 225 - 567 - The original text is not provided. - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00136.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00136.xml deleted file mode 100644 index a9fd8365e..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00136.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,187 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Paṭūr, donation, time of Nandi<supplied reason="lost">varman</supplied>, year 18 - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00136 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of sheep for the upkeep of a perpetual lamp. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file on the - repository - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-nan - ti-parumaṟku yāṇṭu pati - ṉ eṭṭ-āvatu -

- -

- Āmuūr-kōṭ - ṭattu-k kōṭṭa-maṉṟāṭi - kaḷ paṭuvūr viḻu-p-pe - run-tāya-viṣṇu-grahattu - niṉṟ’ aruḷukiṉṟa perumā - ṉaṭikaḷukku vaiyaitta nan - tā viḷakk’ oṉṟukku vai - tta Āṭu cāvā muvā-p pēr-ā - ṭu toṇṇūṟu -

- -

- I-dhanmam rakṣi - ppār Aṭi-poṭi Eṉ talai mēla- - tu -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Eighteenth year of the victorious king Nandivarman. -

- -

- The sheep that the province shepherds of the province of Āmūr gave for one perpetual lamp given to the great Lord who graciously remains in the temple of Viṣṇu (named) Viḻupperuntāya in Paṭuvūr: ninety undying and un-aging great sheep.  -

- -

- The dust on the feet of he who protects this pious act is on my head. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 12, no. 54); text and summary in (IP no. 136); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) and translated for the first time by Emmanuel Francis, based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 22 - 54 - - - - - 406-407 - 136 - - - - - -
- - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00137.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00137.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 117d86e19..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00137.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,233 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tirucceṉṉampūṇṭi, donation, time of Nantippōttaraiyaṉ, year 18 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00137 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for the upkeep of perpetual lamps. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- teḷḷāṟṟ’ e - ṟinta nanti - -p-pōttaraiya - rkku yāṇṭu - 10 8-Avatu - -

-

- ti - ru-k-kaṭai-muṭi - māahaādevark - ku Iraṇṭu no - ntā viḷakkiṉu - kku kuṭutta po - ṉ Aṟupatiṉ - kaḻañcu -

-

Ip-po - ṉ koṇṭu pali - cai Ūṭṭiṉā - l nāḻḷvāy nā - ḻi ney muṭṭā - mai Ariccip - pār kaiyilē-y - kuṭuttu tiruvi - ḷakk’ erippō - m āṉōm Aṉ - pil sabhaiyō - m -

-

Itu panmāhe - śvara-rarakṣai . - -

- -
- -
- - - - - - Ariccip - pār - Ariccip - pār - The -ā is clear on the stone. - - - - panmāhe - śvara-rarakṣai . - panmāhe - śvara-rakṣai . - The end of lines 24 and 25 has been damaged since the edition by . - - - - -
- - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- 18th year of Nantippōttaraiyar who vanquished at Teḷḷāṟu. -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

-
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 7, no. 503); text and summary in (IP n° 137); edited and translated by ; edited and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis, based on photos. - -

- - - - - - 312 - 503 - - - - - 408-409 - 139 - - - - - 300-303 - 3 - - - - - - - - - 26 - B/1901 - 283 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00138.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00138.xml deleted file mode 100644 index fa1fd1811..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00138.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,165 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Perumāṇṭūr, donation, time of Nandivikramavarman, year 19 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00138 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of paddy to a Jaina temple. Incomplete - inscription. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-nanti-vikkirama-varmamarku yāṇṭu patt’ oṉpat-āvatu -

-

- peru - m-paḷlḷi-Il vaitta poli-y-ūṭṭu nel mutal iru-nūṟṟu - -

- -
- -
- -

- Nineteenth year of the victorious king Nandivikramavarman.  -

- -

- For the interest given in the perumpaḷḷi: a capital of paddy of two hundred -

- - -
- -
- - -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 7, no. 847); text and summary in (IP n° 138); edited and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis, based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 427 - 847 - - - - - 410 - 138 - - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00139.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00139.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 171a8853c..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00139.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,252 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tirukkōṭikkāval, donation, time of Nantippōtairayaṉ, year 19 - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00139 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of paddy for the upkeep of a perpetual lamp. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file on the - repository - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- Ituvum - mm oru paḻaṅ-kaṟ paṭi - -

- -

- yā - ṇṭu nanti-p-pōttarai - yaṟk=ku patt’ oṉpa - t-āvatu -

- -

- tiru-k-kōṭikā - vil ciṟu-naṅkai Iśvarāa-karat - tu mahādevark=ku tiru-viḷakki - ṉuk=ku Āḻiciṟiyaṉ kuṭutta nel - lu nūṟṟu-k kalam -

- -

- iṉ-ṉn-nelliṉ pa - licaiyāl nāḷvāy Uḻak=ku ney - nontā viḷakk’ erippōm āṉōm -

- -

- It - -taḷi Arccippōm Āttiraiyaṉ nā - rāyaṇaṉ Eṟaṉum Ivaṉ nampimārum - Iṉ-ṉn-nālvōm -

- -

- Itu paḻaṅ kaṟ - paṭi -

- -

- In=ta śrī-vimāṉattilē - Ēṟṉa veṭṭiṉamaiyil muṉ - ṉivājakam veṭṭi-k kiṭa - nta taṉi-k kallā - l Ubhai - yōkam illāmaiyāl - Atu tavin=tatu -

- -

- Itu - nan=til paṉmāyeśvarar ka - ṭai-k= kuūṭṭa-peṟṟār -

- -
- -
- - - - iṉ-ṉn-nelliṉ - iṉṉelliṉ - - - iṉ-ṉn-nnontā - tontā - - - Eṟaṉum - Eṟaṉum - That is eṉṉum? - - - nampimārum - ṟampimārum - - - Ēṟṉa - Ēṟa - - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- This also is a copy paṭiLiterally: “according to”. of one old stone. -

- -

-

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -
- -
-

This is a later copy of an original of the 9th century, as explicitly stated at the beginning of the record.

-

The text is interrupted in the middle by a statue.

-
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 12, no. 55); text and summary in (IP no. 139); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) and translated for the first time by Emmanuel Francis, based on previous editions and photos. -

- - - - - - 22 - 55 - - - - - 411-412 - 139 - - - - - -
- - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00140.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00140.xml deleted file mode 100644 index a8e7419a4..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00140.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,237 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kūram, Śiva temple pillar - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00140 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Regulation by the king Nandivarman pertaining to a land-grant. - - - - -

Note the form of - bhai - (line 6).

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- nanti - -varmma-mahārāja - nnṉ eḻuttu -

- -

- Ūṟ - ṟukkāṭṭu-k kōṭ - ṭattu-k kūrat - tu sabhaiyār - kāṇka -

- -

- tamm uū - r akkaḷanimmaṭi - -p-poṟṟi-paṭi - Āyiṉa Āṟu pa - ṭṭi nilamum mu - ṉ peṟṟārai māṟṟi - yāṇṭu Irupa - ttu -

- -

- - - mahādeva - Arccanābhoga - -k kāḷaṉ Arcci - tt’ uṇpāṉ-āka-k kā - ku-p paṇit - taluṭṭāṅ kaṇ - ṭ-aruḷa tirukkōyi - liṟ bhaṭārar tiruvaṭi - -k kiḻai ślāśīlā-lekhai - ceytu kuṭukka Iṟ - niīkki -

- -
- -
- - - - - -varmma- - -varmma- - - - - uū r - ur - ūr - - - - akkaḷanimmaṭi - The m look like v. - - - - niīkki - nikki - nīkki - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Writ of the Mahārāja Nandivarman. 

- -

- Let the honourable members of the assembly of Kūram knowLiterally: “see”.! -

- -

- Having removed the previous holders of the six paṭṭis of land named āyiṉaLiterally: “which is”. Akkaḷanimmaṭippoṟṟi in their village, in the twentieth year -

- -

- ... -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 7, no. 38); text and summary in (IP n° 140); lines 1-11 re-edited, based on photographs, and lines 12-26 encoded, based on previous editions, for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021). -

- - - - - - 16 - 40 - - - - - 413-414 - 140 - - - - - - - - - 50 - B/1900 - 38 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00141.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00141.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 30a32c93d..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00141.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,187 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Ceṉṉivāyakkāl, hero-stone, time of Nantippōtairayaṉ, year 21 - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00141 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Hero-stone commemorating the death of a Brahmin during a raid on a - maṭha. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file on the - repository - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- teḷ - ḷāṟṟ’ eṟintu - rājyamuṅ ko - ṇṭa nanti-p - -pōttaraiyark - ku yāṇṭu Iru - patt-oṉṟ-āvatu -

- -

- parāntakapurat - tu Aṟinti - kai-Īśvaragṛ - haṁ śāsana - t=tāl uṭaiyo - rum - taḷi - yilāt’ āki niṉṟa bhaṭṭar-ēṉ māvali-y-ani - yasthānam-āḷvāṉ cēvaṇaṟ kuṇṭu ko - ṇṭu vantu maṭamuñ cuṭṭu-k kātta śirī-gura - varaiyum eṟintu Ivar śiṣyan Oru brā - hmaṇaṉ cattimuṟṟa-t-tēvan ṟuṇṭu pa - ṭṭāṉ valluva-ṉāṭṭāṉ -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Twenty-first year of Nantippōttaraiyar who destroyed Teḷḷāṟu and took the kingdom/assumed sovereignty. -

- -

- -

- - -
- -
-

This appears to be a later copy of an original of the 9th century, as indicated by Cōḻa-period placenames (updated to the time of the copy).

- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 12, no. 56); text and summary in (IP no. 141); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) and translated for the first time by Emmanuel Francis, based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 23 - 56 - - - - - 415-416 - 141 - - - - - -
- - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00142.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00142.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 09a3fb1ef..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00142.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,199 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruppālattuṟai, donation, time of Nantippōtairayaṉ, year 22 - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00142 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for the upkeep of two perpetuel lamps. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file on the - repository - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- teḷḷāṟṟ’ eṟi - nta nanti-p - -pōttaraiyaryay - yāṇṭu Irupat - t’ iraṇṭ-āvatu -

- -

- ti - ru-p-pāṟṟuṟai ma - hādeva-bhaṭārar - kku Iraṇṭu nao - ntā viḷakk’ eri - ppatarku kuṭut - ta poṉ Aṟu - patiṉ kaḻañcu -

-

- I - p-poṉ koṇṭ’ i - raṇṭu naontā viḷa - kkum muṭṭāmai - Erippippō - m āṉōm tiru-p-p - āṟṟuṟai sabhai - yōm Itu pa - ṉmāheśvara-rakṣai - -

- -
- -
- - - - paṉmāheśvara-rakṣai - - notes: The last line which must have contained nmāheśvara rakṣai is obliterated. - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Twenty-first year of Nantippōttaraiyar who destroyed Teḷḷāṟu. -

- -

- The gold given for burning two lamps for the Lord Mahādeva of Tiruppāṟṟurai is sixty kaḻañcus. -

- -

- With this gold, We, the members of the assembly of Tiruppāṟṟurai are those who will have two perpetual lamps lit without default. -

- -

- This is under the protection of the Paṉmāheśvaras. -

- -
- -
-

This appears to be a later copy of an original of the 9th century, as indicated by Cōḻa-period placenames (updated to the time of the copy).

- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 12, no. 56); text and summary in (IP no. 142); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) and translated for the first time by Emmanuel Francis, based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 23 - 56 - - - - - 417-418 - 142 - - - - - -
- - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00143.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00143.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 0911c7e17..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00143.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,258 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruvaikāvūr, donation, time of Nandivarman, year 22 - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00143 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of land for the upkeep of a perpetuel lamp and for food-offering to a god. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file on the - repository - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- nantipanma-rājaṟku yāṇṭu Iru-patt’ iraṇṭ-āvatu -

-

- tiruvaiykā-v-u - ṭaiya mahādevaṟku tiru non=tā viḷakkum Amutu paṭikkum Upaiyam vai - ykka cantippeliyār tiri-puvaṉa-mātēvi-c-caruppēti-maṅkalat - tu sabhaiyār pakkal poṉ kuṭuttu-p poli-k kūlikku-c cela - vāka kācu koḷḷā Ūṟkiḻ Iṟaiyili-y-āka maṇaliṭil vēli - -y-āka-k koṇṭu-viṭṭa vaṇṇakka-viḷākam nilam {symbol} kaṟā Iṉ-ṉn-nilam Oṉṟ’ a - raiyum - -

-

- Iṟakkātānṉ tiru-v-aṭi Iraṇṭum en talai mēliṉa -

-

- Itu Iṟakkuvānṉ taṅka - ḷ ammaikku-t tānē-y miṉāḷaṉ . -

-

- Itu kalveṭṭu-p paṭi -

- -
- -
- - - - - nantipanma° - nantipmavanma° - nantipanma° - - - - non=tā - nontā - non=tā - - - - cantippeliyār - cantippeliyār - cantippeliyār - - - - poli-k - poli - poli-k - - - - maṇaliṭil - maṇaliṭil - maṇalīṭil - - - - {symbol} - kaṟā - kaṟā - According to , these are symbols for 1 and 1/2. - - - - mēliṉa - mēliṉa - mēlaṉa - - - - Iṟakkuvānṉ - Iṟakkuvān - Iṟkkuvān - - - - miṉāḷaṉ - miṉāḷaṉ - miṇāḷaṉ - - - - - - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Twenty-second year of the king Nandivarman.  -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- This is the copy of a stone-inscription. 

- -
- -
-

This is a later copy of an original of the 9th century, as indicated in line 8.

- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 12, no. 58); text and summary in (IP no. 143); re-edited by (SII 34, no. 48); encoded and translated here for the first time by Emmanuel Francis for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 24 - 58 - - - - - 419-420 - 143 - - - - - TBC - 48 - - - - - - -
- - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00144.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00144.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 6d50acb2c..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00144.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,285 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Guḍimallam, Parameśurāmeśvara temple, stele, Nandivarman III, year 23 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00144 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation, after purchase, of a land for supplying ghee for the upkeep of perpetual lamps. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Update the template - Creation of the file on the repository - - - - - -
- - - - svasti śrī - -

- nanti - ppōttaraiyark - ku yāṇṭu Iru - pattu mūṉṟā - vatu -

-

- vikkiramā - tittea-māvali - vāṇarāyar vaṭu - kavaḻi-mēṟku - pṛthivirājyañ - ceya tiruvipppira - mpēṭ’ āḷuṅ-kaṇa - ttār-uḷ muḷḷiṟ kiḻā - r vēppampoḻa - ppāḻ Ivvūr āḷu - ṅ-kaṇattār-uḷ ku - ḻaippalūrk ka - - ṇiyar Agniśarmma - ṉ vilai-śrāvaṇai - yāl viṟṟu koṇ - ṭu Ivvūr paraśu - raāmīeśvarattu mahāde - varkku tiruviḷak - ku-ney-p-puṟam-ā - ka kuṭuttār -

-

- - Ivvūr sabhaiyōmmmum In-nilatt-ē I-v-vūr-c cekk-uḷḷaṉa Ellām - naṭṭu-t tiruviḷakkukk-ē-y vāya Eṇṇai koḷvaṭ’ āka-p paṇittōm· -

- -
- -
- - - - - śrī - śrī- - We believe that śrī is not a prefix to the name of the king, but part of the auspicious beginning. - - - - nantippōttaraiyarkku - nantindippōttaraiyarkku - The correction seems to us unnecessary, as we consider that the conjunct nti is in Tamil script and not in Grantha, both alphabets sharing these characters. Note that writes in the word nanti the same syllable nti is with two eḻuttus. - - - - mūṉṟāvatu - notes: “The secondary ā of ṟā is a separate symbol.” - - - - ḥ - notes: “The visarga is used here as a sign of punctuation. Compare South-Ind. Inscrs. Vol. II p. 111, note 1.” - - - - tiruvipppirampēṭ’ - Compare tiruvippirampēṭ’ in IP 110, line 9, and tiruviṟppirampēṭ’ in IP 181, line 17. - - - - kiḻār - kiḻār - The medial ā is clear on the stone, but smaller. - - - - Agniśarmmaṉ - Agniśarmmaṉ - All letters are clear on the stone. - - - - śrāvaṇai - vilaiśrāvaṇai - All letters are clear on the stone. - - - - mahādevarkku - notes: “The aksharas hādē are much smaller than the rest of the inscription.” - - - cekk-uḷḷaṉa - cekkuḷḷaṉa - All letters are clear on the stone. - - - - vāya - vāy - - - - paṇittōm· - notes: “The puḷḷi which is conspicuous by its absence in the whole inscription is marked on the last letter m.” - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Twenty-third year of Nantippōttaraiyar. -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

-
- -
- - -

- vilai-śrāvaṇai. notes: The term vilai-śravaṇai occurs twice in a similar context in South-Ind. Inscrs. Vol. III. p. 105, text-line 5. -

- -

- tiruviḷakku-ney-p-puṟam. - notes: With tiruviḷakku-ney-ppuṟam compare ambala-ppuṟam (above=South-Ind. Inscrs., Vol. III. p. 285, text-line 7), nandavāṉa-puram (South-Ind. Inscrs. Vol. III. p. 5, text-line 5), pudukku-ppuṟam (ibid. p. 7, text-line 8) and uṇṇāḻigai-ppuṟam (ibid. p. 19, text-line 6). -

- -

- cekk-uḷḷaṉa. - notes: It is also possible that the reading is cēkk-uḷḷana (instead of cekk-uḷḷaṉa), in which case the translation would be “all (the crops) for which the fields of this village are (fit) shall be raised on this field, and the oil required for the sacred lamps shall be purchased (out of the produce). -

- -
- -
- -

-Edited and translated into English in ; re-edited and translated into English in (EI 11, no. 22A), with facsimile; text and summary in (IP no. 144); re-edited and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on photographs (2019), kindly provided by Valérie Gillet. -

- - - - - - D - 111-113 - - - - A - 224-225 - - - - 144 - 421-422 - - - - - - - - 22 - A/1903 - 229 - - -
- - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00145.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00145.xml deleted file mode 100644 index bf32fb933..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00145.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,350 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tirucceṉṉampūṇṭi, donation, time of Nantippōttaraiyaṉ, year unknown - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00145 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for a festival celebration. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
-

- - - - - ‡ - muṭi-mahāde‡vaṟku māci-maka - n tiruviḻā-v e‡ṭuppataṟkku ca - ntirātittava‡ṟ pallava-tilaka - -kulattu nan‡ti-p-pōttarai - yar mahādevī‡yār-āṉa Aṭikāl - kaṇṭaṉ māṟam‡pāvaiyār vai - tta poṉ vpati‡ṉ ēḻu kaḻañcē - kāl -

- -

- Ip-poṉ‡ṉil mutal viḻā - Eṭukku nāṉṟu ‡ Ēḻu kaḻañcu po - ṉṉāl ōr āṇ‡ṭil kaḻañciṉ vā - y kala-v-arici-y-ā‡ka Ēḻu kala-v-ariciyā - - - - - l tiru-‡mēṉi‡-y āṭa ne‡y pāl ‡ tayir - aiñ‡-ñn‡-nāḻi-c ‡ cētum ‡ Iḷa-nīr ‡ Irupatu Aka-nā‡ḻikai ‡ paripāra‡maṭaṅka‡t tiru - -v-amir‡t’ arici ‡ mu-k-kuṟu‡ṇiyum ‡ tiru-v-a - mirtu‡n tiru‡viḷak‡kun ne‡y nā - ḻi ‡ tayir ‡ Iru-nāḻi ‡ Amir‡tu kaṟi - carka‡rai vā‡ḻai-p-pa‡ḻam A‡ṭaikkā - y irupa‡tum Ippaṭi-y ‡ ārātip‡pikkavum - mikka-v ‡ arici ‡ koṇṭu ‡ braāhma‡ṇarum aṭi - kaḷmā‡rum uṇ‡ṭu tiruvi‡ḻā-v e‡ṭuttu - mikka ‡ poṉṉi‡l Iru-ka‡ḻañcu ‡ poṉ - ṉāṟ pa‡licai ‡ yāṇṭu‡varai ‡ Arai - - - - - -k kaḻañciṉāl nica‡ti naṟum pū nūṟu - vaṭam ōr ilai-c cā‡ntum Ēḻu nāḷ iṭu - vatāka niṉṟa poṉ‡ṉil kaḻañcē kālāl - palicai Ōr āṇṭil ‡ paṉṉiru-nāḻi-y uri-y - neyyāl parāmpa‡ṇarum Aṭikaḷmārum - Uṇpat-āka niṟai Ēḻu kaḻañcu poṉ - Itaṉ kuṟai Eḻuttu ‡ kiḻai-k kāl - - - - - ṟu E - ḻuttiṉ kuṟai - palicai yāṇṭu - varai kaḻañciṉ - vāy kāl-p pa - icai-y-āka van - ta poṉ kaḻañcē - mu-k-kāl Ip-po - ṉ koṇṭu ditīrt tam āṭiṉāl tiru - -namaṉattukku - vēṇṭum avi - - - - koṇṭu ‡ nū - ṟṟ’ eṭṭu‡-k kalai - cattāl ‡ tiru-na - maṉañ ‡ cevvyva - t-āka Ip-‡poṉ - koṇ‡ṭārai I - latṣkṣaṇam cey - tu Ey‡yaiṉāṭṭu - tēvatā‡ṉam ciri - -kaṇṭapu‡rattu A - ṟukai v‡āṇikar kai - -v-vvaḻi ‡ vaittatu -

-

- Itu pa‡ṉmā - heśva‡rar ira‡tṣkṣai - -

- - -
- -
- - - - - - vpati‡ṉ - patiṉ - - - - °v-ariciyāl - °v-ariciyāl - - - - °mēṉi° - °mēṉi° - - - - Iḷa-nīr - Iḷa-nir - - - - paripāra° - paripāra° - - - - nica‡ti - nicati - - - - iṭu - vatāka - iṭu - vitāka - - - - parāmpa‡ṇarum - parāmmaṇarum - - - - Uṇpat-āka - Uṇpat-āka - - - - Itaṉ kuṟai Eḻuttu ‡ kiḻai-k kāl - Itaṉ kuṟai Eḻuttu kiḻaik kāl - This portion appears to have been damaged since the edition by . - - - - This line is not taken into account by SII but it is clearly there (chopped off) at the top of the pillar - - This line is not taken into account by , but it is clearly there (chopped off) at the top of the pillar. - - - - E - ḻuttiṉ - Eḻuttiṉ - - - - nū - ṟṟ’ - nū - ṟṟ’ - The syllable ṉu is in fact possibly engraved. - - - - cevvyvat-āka - ceyvvatāka - - - - - Ey‡yaiṉāṭṭu - Eyyiṇāṭṭu - - - - - ira‡tṣkṣai - iratṣai - The final character tṣai is written on the adjacent face of the middle octagonal portion and his not covered by available photos. - - - - - -
- - -
- -

- -

- -

- 18th year of Nantippōttaraiyar who vanquished at Teḷḷāṟu. -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 7, no. 523); text and summary in (IP n° 145); edited and translated by ; edited and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis, based on photos (beginning of lines 13-24 and end of lines 15-21 not covered by photos). - -

- - - - - - 317-318 - 523 - - - - - 423-425 - 145 - - - - - 300-303 - 3 - - - - - - - - - 27 - A/1901 - 301A - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00146.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00146.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 86023ed79..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00146.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,266 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tirucceṉṉampūṇṭi, donation of the time (?) of Nantippōttaraiyar - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00146 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Purchase and donation of a land for feeding the god of Tirukkaṭaimuṭi. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - svasti śrī - - -

- tiru-k-kaṭai - -muṭi-p perumā - ṉaṭikaḷukku - viṟai-k-katti - -pāṭi-cēri A - ṟukai vāṇi - kaṉ kumāraṉ a - ḻiyā nilai - puṟa-k-kiḷiyūr - - - - - ṉāṭṭu curai - - - - - -k-kuṭi Ūrār-iṭai - eṇ kaḻañ - cu poṉ - ṉukku vilai - koṇṭa pūmi - nilaṅ kā - l perumā- - ṉaṭikaḷukku - Uccampō - tai tiru-v-ami - - - - - tiṉukku vai - - - - - tta A‡rici nā - ṭuri ne‡y A - rai-p ‡ piṭi - yum ‡ āka ka - ṇṭa‡tu I - taṟkku ‡ kaṭai-k - kūṭṭu‡m paṉ - mayē‡śva - rark‡ku vai - tta n‡el ka - lam ‡ Iñn-ni - lattu‡kku nā - ṟṟu-k kā‡l - - - - - Oru mā -

-

Itu - paṉmāhe - śvarar irakṣai - Itu rakṣittā - r aṭi eṉ talai - mēlaṉa - -

- -
- -
- - - - - - kumāraṉ - kumāraṉ - - - - °kiḷiyūr - °kiḷiyūr - In in yū, the supplementary mark that distinguishes u from ū is not visible as the character is too long for the available written area. - - - - curai - curai - - - - vaitta - vaitta - - - - -
- - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 7, no. 524); text and summary in (IP n° 146); edited and translated by ; edited and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis, based on photos. - -

- - - - - - 318 - 524 - - - - - 426-428 - 146 - - - - - 306-308 - 6 - - - - - - - - - 27 - A/1901 - 302 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00147.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00147.xml deleted file mode 100644 index ef29ed7cb..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00147.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,270 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tirucceṉṉampūṇṭi, donation, time of Nantippōttaraiyar, year lost - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00147 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for festival celebration. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - - -
-

- - - - - - kku pallavatilaka-ku - lattu nanti-p-pōt - taraiyar mahādevi - yār-āṉa Aṭikaḷ kaṇ - ṭaṉ māṟam pāvaiyā - r vaitta poṉ Aṟu - kaḻañcē -

-

- kālāl pū - vil kaḻañciṉ vā - yyy arai-k kāla-p po - ṉṉṉ-āka vanta pali - - - - - cai pūvil mu-k-kālē Aiñ - cntu mā Ip-poṉ koṇṭu Ai - ppikai viṣuvum cittairai - viṣuvum tirumēṉi-y āṭa - ney pāl tayir Aiñ-ñn-nāḻi - c ceytum paripāram aṭaṅka - tiru-v-amirt’ arici patakku nā - -ṉnāḻi Iv-vēlvai Iḷaniīr - vaḻai-p-paḻañ caṟkarai I - ru-patu ceytum naṟum pū-c - -cāntu kuṅkuliyamuṅ ko - ṇṭ’ ārātikkavum In-nāḷā - l braāhmaṇar Aimpatiṉmaru - m tiru-k-kōyil paṇi cey - yum māṇikaḷ Aivvvarum - Aṭikaḷmārum paṇi cey - makkaḷum Uṇpat-āka vait - tēṉ Eyyi-ṉāṭṭu-t tēva - - - - - tāṉam ciri-kaṇṭa-pura - ttu Aṟukai vāṇi - kar Ippaṭi Aṟutiṅ - kaḷ vāram ārāyvat-āka - vaittēṉ kaṇṭaṉ mā - ṟam pāvaiyēṉ -

-

- Itu pa - ṉmāheśvarar ira - kṣai . - -

- -
- -
- - - - - pallavatilaka - pallavatilaka - - - - mahādevi - mahādevi - - - - Ip-poṉ - Ip-poṉ - - - - paripāram - paripvāram - - - - Iv-vēlvai - Ivvēlvḷai - ’s emendation is a suggestion, question-marked. - - - - braāhmaṇar - braāhmaṇar - - - - māṇikaḷ - māṇikaḷ - - - - °tāṉam - °tāṉam - - - - -
- - -
- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -
- -
- - - -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 7, no. 525); text and summary in (IP n° 147); edited and translated by ; edited and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis, based on photos. From line 15 to 26, the pillar has been damaged since the edition by (SII 7, no. 525). Thus there are several restorations of the text in the present editions, compared to clear readings by . - -

- - - - - - 319 - 525 - - - - - 429-431 - 147 - - - - - 303-305 - 4 - - - - - - - - - 27 - A/1901 - 303 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00148.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00148.xml deleted file mode 100644 index e87921a79..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00148.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,339 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Takua Pa, Tank inscription - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00148 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - An inscription related to a tank. - - - -

The puḷḷi is used.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- yavarmanku -

-

- mān tān naṅkūr Aṭai - tn toṭṭa kuḷam· pēr śrī-Ava - ni-nāraṇam· -

-

- maṇi-k-kirāmat·tār - kkum cēṉā-mukattārkkum· - muḻutārkkum Aṭai-k-kalam· -

- -
- -
- - - - - yavarmanku - ravarmatṟku - ravarman kuṇa - yavarmatku y - ravarman kuṇā - ya varmakku - yaravarmakku - - - - mān tān - mān tān - mān tān - mān tān - mān tān - māṉ tāṉ - māṉ tāṉ - - - - naṅkūr Aṭai tn - naṅkaraiyait - naṅkūr aṭai t - naṅku rayai t - naṅkūruṭaiyān - naṅkuruṭaiyan - naṅkurutaiyaṉ - The standardised reading naṅkūr-utaiyāṉ would make good sense, but it does not appear possible to us, as it is not clear if letters are lost at the beginning of the line 3 and if toṭṭa, in the same line 3, is preceded by t or n. - - - - toṭṭa - - ttoṭṭa - n toṭṭa - n toṭṭa - ṉ toṭṭa - - - - kuḷam· pēr - kuḷamp-ēr - kuḷam pēr - - - - śrī-Avani-nāraṇam· - śrīnāraṇam - śrīAvanināraṇam - śrīnāraṇam - śrī Avanināraṇam - śrī Avanināraṇam - The syllable ni that most editors supply as omitted at the end of line 3 might in fact be supplied as lost at the beginning of line 4. It is in fact not clear whether letters have been lost on the left, on the right, or on both sides of the slab. - - - - maṇikkirāmat·tārkkum - maṇikkirāmattārkkum - maṇikkirāmattārkkum - maṇikkirāmattārkkum - maṇikkirāmattārkkum - maṇikkirāmattārkkum - The syllable k that most editors supply as omitted at the end of line 4 might in fact be supplied as lost at the beginning of line 5. It is in fact not clear whether letters have been lost on the left, on the right, or on both sides of the slab. - - - - - muḻutārkkum - cāpattārkkum - m uḻutārkkum - kulattārkkum - patārkkum - pātarkkum - apatārkkum - suggests that uḻutār is used here in the sense of uḻavar or uḻunar, "cultivators". - - - - - -
- -
- -

- of ravarman the hoofs of the team of oxen touching our boundary (?) Prosperity! -

-

- Nāraṇam (is) the refuge of the members of Manikkirāmam and of the members of the detachment and of the bowmen (?). -

- -
- -
- -

- The tank, (by) name Śrī-[Avani]-Nāraṇam, which was dug near Naṅkūr by ravarman Gu[ṇa] [m]āṉ himself, (is placed under) the protection of the members of Manikkirāmam and of the men of the vanguard and of the cultivatorsuḻutār. -

- -
- -
- -

- (The year) of (the reign of the king) yavarman ; man dug a tank in our . - Its name is Śrī-Nāraṇam. This is placed under the protection of the Maṇikkirāmattār, the Cēṉamukattār and (his own) descendentskulattār. - -

- -
- -
- -

- The tank called Avani-nāraṇam dug by the lord of Naṅkūr (is placed under) the protection of the members of Manigrāmam, the residents of the military camp and . -

-
- -
- -

- Umpteenth year of varman. suggests that, if his “purely tentative” reading of lines 1-3 is correct, then several lines (a lenghty passage) would be missing at the beginning of the inscription. We follow here , who suggests that we have here the usual beginning of a Tamil inscription, with the name and regnal year of the king, whence his reading of the last letter in line 1 as y, as the last remnant of the word yāṇṭu. According to and the name of the king is perhaps Bhāskaravarman. Contra, see , . 305 suggests to read mataku, “sluice”, which would make sense in relation to a tank, but must confess his uncertainty. -

- -

- The name of the tank that If the standardised reading naṅkūr-utaiyāṉ is accepted, this “lord of Naṅkūr” would be the commissioner of the tank. See 308, who is tempted to identify him as a native of Nāṅkūr in the Tanjore district. has dug toṭṭaPast peyareccam of toṭu-tal. at? Naṇkūr is the glorious AvanināṟaṇamThe tank might have named after the biruda Avanināṟaṇaṉ (Sanskrit Avaninārāyaṇa) of the Pallava king Nandivarman III. See 306. The inscription has thus been dated to the reign of this king.. -

- -

- It is a help aṭaikkalamWe follow here against others: the tank is made for the use of these persons, not put under their protection. for the members of the Maṇikkirāmam maṇikkirāmattārMaṇikkirāmam is the name of a Tamil merchant guild, from Sanskrit maṇigrāma., for the members of the Cēṉamukam cēnāmukattārCēṉamukam is usually considered as the name of another Tamil merchant guild, from Sanskrit Senāmukha. See e.g. 44. The etymology suggests however a soldiers’ group, possibly attached to the protection of the merchants. - - 432 - translates as “the residents of the military camp”. See translations in , and in . See also - 72 on sanskrit senāmukha., and for the cultivators uḻūtārWe follow here Hultzsch. Contra, see 306. -

- -
- -
- - -
- -
- -

- Edited and translated by , with an estampage; revised edition and translation by ; re-edited by , , (without diacritic marks!); text in , after Hultzsch; text and summary in (IP n° 148); re-edited and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions, published visual documentation and a photograph (2012), kindly supplied by Nicolas Revire. -

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 49-50 - XXVI - XX - - - - - - - - - - - - - 432 - 148 - - - - 11-12 - - - - - 284 - 12 - - - - - - - - - 148 - 5 - XIII - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00149.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00149.xml deleted file mode 100644 index d65ab5a76..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00149.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,198 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Lālkuṭi, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅgavikramavarman, year 3 - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00149 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for annual festival food-offering. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file on the - repository - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaya-nirupatouṅka-vikkirama-parumarkku yāṇṭu 2ṇṭ-āvatu -

-

- Iṭaiyāṟṟu-nāṭṭu-t tiru-t-tava-t-tuṟai mahādevarkku - Iñ-ñn-nāṭṭu kavira-p-poṟ-kaṭṭiyūr-Uṭaiyāṉ pūti kaṇṭaṉ cittirai-viṣu tiru-viḻāvukku tāyārai-c cārtti vaaitta poṉ pati - ṉ kaḻaaiñc’ arai -

-

- Ip-poṉ patiṉ kaḻaaiñc’ arai poṉṉuṅ Iñ-ñn-nāṭṭu muttaiyil sabhaiyōṅ koṇṭu caṉntirātittava - Āṭṭāṇṭu-toṟuñ cittirai-viṣu tiru-viḻāvukku nārāya-nāḻiyāl Eḻu nāḷaikkum nicati kalavarai Arici patt-eṭṭu-k kuttal - maṭāvil Aṭṭum paricē Eḻu nāḷ muṉt’ uṟa śrī-kōyilukkē koṇṭu ceṉṟu Aḷappōm āṉōm -

-

- Aḷavōmāyil muṭṭ’ ira - ṭṭi panmāheśvarar· taṇṭi-k-koḷḷa Oṭṭi-k kuṭuttōm t-tiru-t-tava-t-tuṟai mahādevarkku muttaiyil sabhaiyōm - -

-

- Itu panmāheśvara-rakṣai -

- -
- -
- - - - - koṇṭu - koṇṭṭu - - - - t-tiru° - tiru° - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Second year of the victorious king Nṛpatuṅgavikramavarman.  -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- This is under the protection of the Paṉmāheśvaras. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 12, no. 61); text and summary in (IP no. 149); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) and translated for the first time by Emmanuel Francis, based on previous editions and photos. -

- - - - - - 25 - 61 - - - - - 435-436 - 149 - - - - - - - 16 - B/1928-29 - 122 - - - -
- - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00150.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00150.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 66b1b9193..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00150.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,207 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kīḻūr, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅgavarman (?), year 3 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00150 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for the upkeep of a perpetual lamp. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - -

- yāṇṭu 3Āvatu -

-

- milāṭṭu kuṟukkai - -k-kūṟṟattu tiru-k-kōvalūr-t tiru-viīraṭṭāṉat - tu mahādevarkku koṇṭa-nāṭṭ-uṭaiya veṭṭavati - yaraiyaṉ tāyār naṅkai-y-āṉa maruta vi - ḷakkiṉukku vaiytta poṉ patiṉ aṟu kaḻañcu - Itaṉ palicaiyāl Ācandrārkkam vi - ḷakk’ oṉṟ’ erippōmmm āṉōm -

-

- Itu paṉmāyecuvara-rakṣai -

- -
- -
- - - - - maruta vi - maruta - - - - kaḻañcu - ka - - - - Ācandrārkkam vi - Ācandra - - - - āṉōm - ā - - - - paṉmāyecuvara-rakṣai - paṉmāyecuvara - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Third year. -

- -

- -

- -

- This is under the protection of the Paṉmāheśvaras. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 7, no. 933); text and summary in (IP n° 150); encoded here and translated for the first time for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020). -

- - - - - - 457 - 933 - - - - - 437 - 150 - - - - - - - - - 18 - B/1902 - 304 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00151.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00151.xml deleted file mode 100644 index e429d49b6..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00151.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,194 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kīḻūr, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅgavarman (?), year 3 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00151 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for the upkeep of a perpetual lamp. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - -

- yāṇṭu muūṉṟu -

-

- malāṭṭu-k kuṟukkai-k-kūṟṟa -ttu-t tiru-k-kōvalūr-t tiru-viīraṭṭāṉattu mahadevaṟku --k-kālammum pakalum-iravum Oru nontā viḷakkiṉukku -ṭṭ-uṭaiyār ciṅkaperumāṉār makaṉar vi -poṉ patiṉ Eḻu kaḻañcu -

-

-Ip-palicai -tiru-k-kōvalūr nakarattōm -

-

- panmāheśvara-rakṣai -

- -
- -
- - - - - panmāheśvara-rakṣai - panmāheśvara - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Year three. -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- This is under the protection of the Paṉmāheśvaras. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 7, no. 934); text and summary in (IP n° 151); encoded here and translated for the first time for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020) based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 457 - 934 - - - - - 438 - 151 - - - - - - - - - 18 - B/1902 - 305 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00153.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00153.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 77fd2dea1..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00153.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,173 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Vaḻuvūr, foundation (sluice), time of Nṛpatuṅkappōttaraiyar, year 6 - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00153 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Foundation of sluice. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file on the - repository - - - - - -
- - - śrī - - -

- nirupatoṅka-p-pōt - taraiyarkku yāṇṭu Ā - ṟāvatu -

-

- vaḷakūril Āḻu - ntūr-nāṭṭu maṉṉār-maṅ - kalam aṟamiḷippāruḻāṉ vaḷakū - r ceyiyvitta tūmpu -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Prosperity! -

- -

- Sixth year of Nṛpatuṅkappōttaraiyar. -

- -

- The sluice that ... had made. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 12, no. 62); text and summary in (IP no. 153); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) and translated for the first time by Emmanuel Francis, based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 25-26 - 62 - - - - - 451 - 153 - - - - - - - - 12 - B/1908 - 68 - - - - -
- - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00154.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00154.xml deleted file mode 100644 index ecaf457ae..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00154.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,425 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Nārttāmalai, foundation and donation, time of Nṛpatuṅkavikramavarman, year - 7 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00154 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Foundation of a temple (kōyil) and donation of - land as arcanābhoga. - - - -

No distinction between e and ē, - nor between o and ō.

-

Medial i and ī not - distinguished and interchangeable.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - - -
- - - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-nirupatouṅka-vikkirama-vanmaṟku yāṇṭu Ēḻ-āvatu -

- -

- viṭēlviṭuku mutta - raiyaṉ makaṉ cāttam paḻiyili kuṭaivitta śrī-kōyil -

- -

- Ic-ciri-kōyilu - kku muka-maṇṭakamum Iṣavamum Iṣava-k-koṭṭilum pali-p-piīṭamum - ceyvittāḷ cāttam paḻiyili makaḷ miṉavaṉ tamiḻ-atiyaraiyaṉ-āṉa pāl - laṉ Aṉantaṉukku-p pukka paḻiyili ciṟiya naṅkai -

- -

- - Ic-ciri-kō-Iy-ilukku Arccianā-bhogattukku Aṇṇalvā - yiṟ-kūṟṟattu-p peru-viḷattūr-c cavaiñ cāttaṉ kāṇi-y-āṉa mū-vēliyi - l viḷai koṇṭa kāṟ cēyyum Ev-vakai-p-paṭṭa Iṟai Itaṉāl vantat’ e - llām kōviṉukk’ avi-p-patuḷ ātu cavaiñ cāttaṉum ivaṉ vaḻiyilārupem paeṟara - - - - kaṭavat’ ākavum - -

-

- Itu caṭaiyaṉum - Iṭaiyūṟ ētum paṭaṉmurai kōvi - ṉukku varum Irupatt’ aiṅ-kakḻañcu po - ṉ taṇṭaṅ kaṭavar ākavum - -

-

- paṭṭ-uṭaiya - ṉ Uḻruttiraṉ tēyapukkikku-c ce - - - - yvittēṉ paḻiyi - li ciṟiya naṅkai-Ēy-ēṉ -

- -

- ppuṟapivi Īśvarattu-p pa - ṭṭ-uṭaiyāṉ uruttiraṉ tē - ya-pukku-c ceyvittatu -

- -

- - It-tēvatāṉaṅ kātta - r aṭi Eṉ ṟalai mēlaṉa -

- -
- -
- - - - - svasti śrī - svasti śrī - svasti śrī - - - - Iccirikōyilukku - Iccirīkōyilukku - - - - palippiīṭamum - palippīṭamum - palippiṭamum - - - - ceyvittāḷ - ceyvittāṉ - ceyvittāḷ - - - - cāttam - cāttam - cāttāam - - - - makaḷ - makaṉ - makāṉ - makaḷ - - - - pāllaṉ - vālaṉ - mallaṉ - pāllaṉ - - - - IccirikōIy-ilukku - IccirīkōIlukku - Iccirīkōyilukku - IccirikōIlukku - - - - viḷai koṇṭa - vilakova - vilakōvā - vilai koṇṭa - - - - kāṟ cēyyum - Ikicaṟ ceyyum - i kicar ceyyum - kārceyyum - - - - vaḻiyilārupem - vaḻiyilārum - vaḷiyilārum - - - - paeṟara - peṟak - peṟak - - - - caṭaiyaṉum - cuṭaiṉum - kataiṉum - caṭaiyaṉum - suggest it could be ketataiṉum as the first letter looks like ke. - - - - paṭṭuṭaiyaṉ - paṭṭuṭaivaṉ - paṭṭuṭaiyāṉ - aligns with the spelling of the same word, lines 17-18. - - - - Uḻruttiraṉ - Ulutā tiraṉ - Oḷutātiraṉ - Uḷuttiraṉ - - - - ppuṟapivi - paḻaṟpili - paḻiyili - paḻiyili - notes: The -ī sign of ḻi is indicated on the side as in Vaṭṭeḻuttu script. - - - - Īśvarattup - Īśvarattup - - - - - uruttiraṉ - uruttiraṉ - urutiraṉ - - - - - tēyapukkuc - tēy pukuc - tēyi pukuc - tēyapukkuc - - - - - ceyvittatu - ceyvitta - ceyvitta - ceyvittatu - ceyvittatu - - - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Seventh year of the victorious king Nṛpatuṅkavikramavarman. 

- -

- This is the glorious temple that Cāttam Paḻiyili, son of Viṭeḷviṭuku Muttaraiyaṉ, had made carved out. -

- -

- She who has, for this glorious temple, a front hall, a ṛṣabha, a hall for the ṛṣabha and an altar made is the daughter of Cāttam Paḷiyili, that is, Paḻiyili Ciṟiya Naṅkai pukka fo Pāllaṉ Aṉantāṉ -

- -

- For this glorious temple, for its arcanābhoga, let it be that should be obtained a quarter cēy bought ... -

- -

- Let it be that those who ... should receive a fine of twenty-five kaḻañcus of gold ... -

- -

- I, Paḻiyili Ciṟiya Naṅkai have this made as for ... tēyapukkikku of the priest UruttiraṉThat is, a Tamil tadbhava of Sanskrit Rudra.. -

- -

- It has been made ... tēyapukku of the priest Uruttiraṉ. -

- -

- The feet of he who protects this devadāna are on my head. -

- -
- -
- -

The beginning of lines 1-5 is severely damaged and nowadays hardly legible.

-

The lines 20-21 have not been previously noticed.

- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (IPS no. 19); first translated in (IPS no. 19); re-edited in (without marking alveolar ṉ); re-edited in ; text (mainly after ) and summary in (IP no. 154); re-edited and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on photographs. -

- - - - - - 11 - 19 - - - - - 20-21 - 19 - - - - - 29-30 - - - - - 26 - 63 - - - - 452-453 - 154 - - - - - - - - - 12 - A/1904 - 365 - - - - - 2 - 19 - - - - - 169 - 395 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00155.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00155.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 9ab8681b2..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00155.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1228 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Vākūr (Pākūr) plates, time of Nṛpatuṅgavarman, year 8 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00155 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Sylvain Brocquet & Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Grant of three villages (Ceṭṭuppākkam, Viḷāṅkāṭṭāṅkaṭuvaṉūr and Iṟaippuṇaiccēri) in the Kīḻvaḻivākūrnāṭu in the Aruvānāṭu as vidyābhoga and brahmadeya to the vidyāsthāna of Vāgūr/Vākūr. - - - -

Sanskrit spelling influenced by Tamil usage. Grantha ṛ and ra, pa and va not distinguished. Grantha ba and ya, bha and ha, ga and śa very similar. Tamil medial i and ī not distinguished and interchangeable. Tamil medial u and ū not always distinguished and interchangeable. Tamil oblique suffix -iṉ with initial i. The punctuation marks, gomūtra-like, at the end of stanzas have various forms. In several instances, the first element looks like a visarga, whereas in other instances, there is really a visarga at the end of the verse. Hyphen-like horizontal line occasionally used at the hemistiche. For further paleaographical details, see - - 5-6 - .

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - - - -
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- Sanskrit portion 1 of 2 - - - - svastīi śrī - - - - diśatu vaḥ śriyam ambuja-locanas - tridaśa-mauli-nighṛṣta-padāmbujaḥ - sakala-loka-bhayaṁ-kara-rākṣasa - praśama-hetur ajeo madhau-sūdanaḥ . - - - - śrī-bhartuś śayana-parasya netre - yat tejaḥ sthiti-laya-sūti-hetuḥ - tan-nābher ajani samasta-biījam - abjam ātma-yonis tato ’bhavat . - - - - Aṁgirās tata utpanno - loka-nāthāc catur-mmukhāt - bṛhaspatis tato mantriī - śakrasya vala-bhedinaḥ . - - - - tataś śaṁyus tato jeajñe - bharadvāja-samāhvayaḥ - tato droṇo maheṣvāsas - samare śakra-vikramaḥ . - - - - tato droṇān mahā-bāhus - sarvva-yuddha-viśāradaḥ - Aśvatthāmā kilāṁśena - sarmbabhūpava pinākinaḥ . - - - - aśvatthāmnas tato rājā - pallavākhyo babhūva Uyaḥ - raratkṣa nava-khaṇḍa-sthān - bhūpatīn sa-kṛṣiīvalān· . - - - - vimala-koṁkaṇikādi tad-anvayād - ajani bṛndam ari-pramadānatam· - nihita-śāsanam anya-nṛpeśv api - priyatamañ jaya-ghoṣam anāratam· . - - - - bhuktvā bhuvaṁ sva-viīryyeṇa - catus-sāgara-mekhalām· - tataḥ svarggamṁ vimānena - gateṣu vimalādiṣu . - - - - Āsiīt purandara-samo - rājā dṛpḍhaa-bhaktir mmura-dvipṣi - tdantivarmmā mahā-bāhuḥ - tkṣmāpāla-makuṭānataḥ . - - - - dharmmeṇa pālanātd bhūmiṁ - kalāv api yuge nṛpaḥ – - varṣaṇād api dānasya - parjjanya Iva nirbabhau . - - - - Ātmano bandi-yuktānyāṁ - yamālaya-didṛtkṣayā – - pātheyam iva kṛtvāriīn - pakāṇḍāni visasarjja yaḥ . - - - - nandivarmmā mahā-bāhus - saṁjāto tadantivarmmanaḥ - samare vijitā bhūmir - asahāyena yena saḥ . - - - - Āsīc chaṅkhāhvayā devī - tanv-aṁgī nandivarmmaṇaḥ - rāṣṭrakūṭa-kule jātā - latkṣmīr iva mura-dviṣaḥ . - - - - kṣamāvatī dharitrīva - mātṛvaj jagataḥ priyā - babhau śaṁkhāhvayā devī - rājñaḥ śrīr iva rūpiṇī . - - - - tasyām· babhūva mati-kānti-kalādi-matyām - mānyaḥ kulena guṇavān bhuvana-trayeśaḥ - Utpadyamāna-tapanādhipa-tulya-tejā - jiṣṇuḥ kalāvānpa-samare nṛpatuṁga-devaḥ . - - - - yat-prasādārjjitā senā - pāṇḍyena samare purā - pārericit sa rājāgnir - ddadāha ripu-saṁhatim· . - - - - nṛpatuṁga Iti khyāto - bālo ’pi bhuvaneśvaraḥ – - khyāto na kevalam bhūmāv - amuṣminn api rāmavat . - - - - tasyopakāra-saṁyukto - rājñaḥ kuru-kulodbhavaḥ - veśāli-vaṁśa-mārttāṇḍaḥ - prajānāṁ śaraṇe rataḥ . - - - - śaśivat tilako loke - gāmbhīryyādau samudravat - sūryyavad rakṣaṇāl lokānṁl - lokānān nilayo nṛpaḥ . - - - - tasmāt tasyocitan nāma - nilaitāṁgīti devavat - Athavā sutarān nāma - pratyakṣatvād viśām pateḥ . - - - - grāma-trayaṁ sva-rāṣtre saḥ - kuru-vaṁśa-vivarddhanaḥ - vijñāpya nṛpatuṁgeśāl - labdham ājñapti-pūrvvakam‧ . - - - - ceṭṭup-pākkam phalādhāraṁ - grāmam ekam athāparam‧ - grāmaḥṁ vidyāviḷāṁgādi - rebhhphānta-pada-nāmakam‧ . - - - - tasmād iṟaippuṉaiccerin - tṛtīyaṁ sarvva-sampadam - Evaṁ grāma-trayaṁ labdhamṁ - vidyā-sthānāya dattavān . - - - - mandākiniīṁ samāyāntiīm - ūrmmivega-samākulām‧ - sa babhāra yathā devo - dhūrjaṭir jaṭayaikayā - - - - vidyā-nadiī tathāgathādhā - caturddiśa-gaṇākulā - vāgūr-grāma-juṣāṁ sthānaṁ - vyāpya yasmād vyavasthitā . - - - - tat sthānam evaṁ viduṣāṁ - vidyāsthānam pracakṣate - tebhyo dattvā sa bhūpālo - gramān ājñaptipurvvakān . - - - - hasti-sañcāri-siīmāntān - ātmānam bahu-manyate - yuktān sarvva-pariīhārair - akaratvena rakṣitān . - - - - Ājñaptir uttamaśīlas - trai-lokyeśvara-pūjitaḥ - mantrī bṛhaspati-prakhyo - rājñaḥ śrī-tuṁgavarmmaṇaḥ . - - - - Āgāminaḥ prajāpālān - yācate kuru-nandanaḥ - dharmmasyaitasya sāmānyāt - pālanīya Iti svayam‧ . - - - - dāsaḥ sthānasya vidyāyā - vāgūr-grāma-juṣām ayam‧ - kṛtavānñ śāstra-tattva-jñaḥ - praśastin nāgayas sukṛt . - -
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- Tamil portion 1 of 2 - -

- kō-vicaiya-nṛ - - patouṅkavarmmaṟku yāṇṭu Eṭṭāvatu -

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- vēcāli-p-pēraraiyaṉ viṇṇap - pattāl viṭēlviṭuku-kāṭupaṭṭi-t-tamiḻ-p-pēraraiyaṉ Āṇaṭṭi Āka - Aruvā-nāṭṭu k-kiīḻ-vaḻi-vākūr-nāṭṭu nāṭṭār kāṇka -

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- tan-nāṭṭu ceṭṭu - p-pākkam-um viḷaṅkāṭṭaṅkaṭuvaṉūr-um Iṟaippuṇaiccēri-y-u - m āka I-m-muṉṟūr-um paḻaaiya-v-aṟam-um brahmadeyam-um niīkki mu - ṉ-peṟṟār-ai māṟṟi yāṇṭu Eṭṭāvatu vākūr vidyā-sthāṉat - tārkku vidyā-bhogam-āka-p paṇittōm -

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- tāṅkaḷ-um paṭākai naṭan - tu kallum kaḷḷiyum naāṭṭi Aṟai-y-ōlai ceytu viṭu takav’ eṉṟu - nāṭṭārkku-t tirumukam viṭa nāṭṭār tirumukaṅ kaṇṭu toḻutu talai - kku vaittu-p paṭākai naṭantu kalluṅ kaḷḷiyum nāṭṭi Aṟai-y-ōlai - - ceytu nāṭṭār viṭunta Aṟai-y-ōlai-p paṭi nilattukk’ ellai -

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- viḷā - ṅkāṭṭaṅkaṭuvaṉūrk=kuñ ceṭṭuppāk=kattuk=kum-āka Iraṇṭūrk=kuṅ kiī - ḻpāṟk’ ellai kāṭṭu EllaiIṉṉy-iṉum neṉmalippāk=kattu EllaiIy-iṉ - mēṟkun teṉpāṟk’ ellai neṉmalippākkatt’ EllaiIṉṉy-iṉun nelvā - yippāk=katt’ ellaiIṉṉy-iṉum Uṟattūr ellaik=ku vaṭak=kum mēlpā - ṟk’ ellai māmpāk=katt’ ellaiIṉṉy-iṉum Iv-viḷāṅkāṭṭāaṅkaṭuvaṉū - r-p pāṟ piramatēyam-āIyiṉa Aṟupatu ceṟuvuk=ku k=kiḻakkum vaṭapāṟk’ ellai vā - kūr ellaiIy-iṉ ṟeṟkum -

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- Iṟaippuṇaiccērikk’ ellai kiīḻpāṟkellai natta - m Uḷḷiṭṭa kāṭṭuk=ku mēṟkun teṉpāṟk’ ellai neruñci kuṟumpiṉ Ellai - Iy-iṉ vaṭakku mēlpāṟk’ ellai vākūr ellaiIy-iṉ kiḻak=kum vaṭapāṟkellai - - kiṟimāṉpātti EllaiIy-iṉ ṟeṟkum-āka -

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- Ivvicaitta perunāṉk’ ellai - kaḷil-um akappaṭṭa nilaṉ niīr-nilaṉum puṉ-ceyyyum Ūmarum Ūr-irukkaiyu - maṉaiyu maṉai-p-paṭappu maṉṟuṅ kaṉṟu-mēyiy-pāḻuṅ kuḷamuṅ koṭṭakāra - muṅ kiṭaṅkuṅ kēṇiyuṅ kāṭuṅ kaḷarum Ōṭaiyum Uṭaipp-um Uḷḷiṭṭu niīr - pūci neṭum paramp’ eṟintu Uṭump’ ōṭi Āmai tavaḻntat’ ellā - m Uṇṇilaṉ oḻi-v-iṉṟi vākūr-vidyā-sthāṉattārkku vidyā - bhogam-āyi vākūrōṭē Ēṟi vākūr peṟṟa parihāram-um vyavastethaiyu - m peṟṟu sarvva-parihāram-āyi brahmatēyam-āyi-p paradatti ceṉṟa - tu .

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- Sanskrit portion 2 of 2 - - - puṇyaṁ samaṁ kṛtavatām‧ parirakṣatāñ ca - tad rakṣateti nṛpatir nnṛpatuṅgavarmmā - Āgāminaḥ kṣitipatiīn praṇamaty ajasram‧ - mūrddhnā mukunda-caraṇāmbuja-śekhareṇa . - - - - - Uditodita-kula-tilakaḥ - suvarṇṇa-kṛt sarvva-śāstra - niṣṇātaḥ - Alikhan nṛpatuṁgākhyaḥ - pallava-kula-mūla-bhṛtyo ’tra . -
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- Tamil portion 2 of 2 - -

- kaccipēṭṭu kiīḻ-paicārattu Uditodaya-perun-taṭṭāṉ makaṉ mādevi-perun-taṭṭā - ṉ makanṉ nṛpatuṁgaṉ Eḻuttu . -

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- - - - - svastīi śrī - svasti śrīḥ - - - - yat tejaḥ - yat tejaḥ - suggets to read ’bhūt tejaḥ. - - - - droṇān - droṇān - The ṇā is akwardly written. - - - - sarmbabhūpava - sambabhūva - According to , pa and va are not distinguished. - - - - Uyaḥ - Uyaḥ - - - - °bāhuḥ - °bāhuḥ - The letter bā looks like yā. - - - - yuktānāṁ - yuktānāṁnyān - ’s emendation is tentative. - - - - pakāṇḍāni - pakāṇḍāni - ’s emendation is tentative. - - - - babhūva - babhūva - The letter ba looks like ya. - - - - kalāvānpa° - kalāvānpa° - ’s emendation is tentative. As notes, the metre requires the last syllable of this word to be short. - - - - nṛpatuṁga° - nṛpatuṁga° - The letter ṁ looks like a medial e. - - - - °mārttāṇḍaḥ - °mārttāṇḍaḥ - - - - - - - - - saḥ - saḥ - - - - iṟaippuṉaiccerin - iṟaippuṇaiccerin - - - - babhāra - babhāra - What must be ba looks like a conjunct or corrected letter. - - - - tathāgathādhā - tathāgāthdhā - - - - juṣāṁ - juṣāṁ - - - - pūrvvakān - pūrvvakān - - - - ayam‧ - ayam - Hultzsch notes: The reading imām would be more suitable. But see (p. 741, fn. 1476):Les autres éditeurs proposent imām au lieu de ayam. Cette correction est possible, mais pas absolument nécessaire; praśastim, en effet, peut être dépourvu de démonstatif, et ayam servir de déterminant à nāgayaḥ, ce qui aurait pour effet de mettre en relief le nom de l’auteur. - - - - viṭu takav’ eṉṟu - viṭukka-v eṉru - viṭutkakka-v eṉru - The editor of SII adds in note: This word may be read as viṭutaka. See also Zvelebil. We follow here a suggestion by Jean-Luc Chevillard in reading viṭu takavu eṉṟu, "It is suitable to send". - - - - viḷāṅkāṭṭāaṅkaṭuvaṉū - r - viḷāṅkāṭṭāṅkaṭuvaṉū - r - In its other two occurrences (lines 49 and 56) this village’s name is spelled viḷāṅkāṭṭaṅkaṭuvaṉūr. See 151. - - - - Ūmarum - Ūmarum - - - - vidyā - bhogam - vidyābho - bhogam - It seems that the engraver intended to write bho at the end of this line, but found place only for bhe, and thus decided to write the full syllable bho at the beginning of the next line. - - - - mūrddhnā mukunda-caraṇām - mūrddhnā mukunda-caraṇām - - - - °śāstra° - °śāstra° - - - - - -
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- Sanskrit portion 1 of 2 - -

- Hail! Prosperity! -

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- Let Madhu’s destroyer (Viṣṇu) grant you prosperity, the lotus-eyed one, whose lotus-feet are rubbed by the diadems of the gods (bowing to him), the unborn one, (who became) the means of the destruction of demons that terrified the whole world! -

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- In the eye of the sleeping husband of Śrī (Viṣṇu) was produced the luminary’ (i.e. the Sun?), (which is) the means of duration, destruction, and production. From (Viṣṇu’s) navel arose a lotus-flower, the germ or all. From this (flower) the self-born one (Brahmā) was produced. -

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- From this four-mouthed lord or fhe world, Aṅgiras was born, (and) from the latter, Bṛhaspati, the minister of Śakra (Indra), the splitter of (the demon) Vala. -

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- From him was born Śaṁyu; from him, he who was named Bharadvāja; from him, the great archer Droṇa, whose valour equalled that of Śakra in battle. -

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- From this Droṇa was produced, it is said, hy a portion or Pinākin (Śiva) the long-armed Aśvatthāman, who was skilled in all fights. -

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- From this Aśvatthāman was born a king named Pallava, who ruled the kings residing in the nine continents, together with the ploughmen. -

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- From his family arose a group (of kings) commencing with Vimala and Koṅkaṇika, which was bowed to by the wives of enemies; which imposed commands even on other rulers of men; which was much beloved; (and) which continually shouted ’victory.’ -

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- Then, after Vimala, etc., having enjoyed by their own valour the earth girt by the four oceans, had gone to heaven on aerial cars, there was the long-armed (king) Dantivarman, who resembled Purandara (Indra), showed firm devotion to Mura’s foe (Viṣṇu), (and) was bowed to by the diadems of the rulers of the earth. -

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- By ruling the earth according to right even in the Kali age, and by showering gifts, (this) ruler of men shone like a rain-cloud. -

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- He dispatched arrows, furnishing (them) with provisions for (their) visit of the nether world under the guise of (the blood of those of his) enemies who were not (already) confined in his own prisons.i.e. he either imprisoned or shot his enemies. -

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- From Dantivarman was born that long-armed Nandivarman who subdued the earth unaided in battle. -

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- Just as Lakṣmī (is the consort) of Mura’s foe (Viṣṇu), (the wife) of Nandivarman was the slender queen named Śaṅkhā, who was born in the Rāṣṭrakūṭa family. -

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- Full or patience like the earth, beloved by the people like a mother, the queen named Śaṅkhā shone as if she were the embodied fortune of the king. -

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- By her who possessed intelligence, beauty, arts, etc., was born the virtuous Nṛpatuṅgadeva, the lord of the three worlds, noble by birth, resembling the rising sun in splendour, (and) victorious in fights with arrows. -

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- Resembling fire, this king, by whose favour the Pāṇḍya had obtained an army formerly, burnt a confederation of enemies in a battle on the further bank of the Aricit (river). -

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- Even in his youth (this) lord of the world (was) renowned (by the name) of Nṛpatuṅga (i.e. ’the high one among rulers of men ’). (He was) renowned not only on earth, (but) even in the other (world), like Rāma. -

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- Provided by this king with benefits (was) Mārtāṇḍa of the family of Veśāli, Verse 19 and 20 suggest that the word Mārtāṇḍa (i.e. the sun) is not a mere metaphor (rūpakam), but has to be taken here as a proper name. a descendant of the family of Kuru, (and) intent on (affording) refuge to (his) subjects. -

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- An ornament to the world like the moon, (and) resembling the ocean in profundity, etc., (this) ruler of men (became) the resort of the people by protecting the people as if (he were) the sun. -

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- Theerefore the (sur)name Nilaitāṅgi (i. e. ’the support of the world’) (was as) suitable to this ruler of men as (unto) a god, or because (his real) name (Mārtāṇḍa, i.e. the sun) was quite manifest (to all). -

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- This promoter of the family of Kuru gave to a seat of learning (vidyāsthāna) three villages in his own province (rāṣṭra) which, at (his) request, (he had) received, provided with an executor (ājñapti), from that lord Nṛpatuṅga. viz. the village of Ceṭṭuppākkam, rich in fruit, then another village whose name (consisted of) a word ending in an r and beginning with Vidyāviḷaṅgā,According to the Tamil portion, the full name of this village was Viḷaṅkāṭṭaṅkaṭuvaṉūr, to which the word vidyā is still prefixed here because it was granted for the promotion of learning. (and) thirdly the very prosperous (village of) Iṟaippuṇaiccēri. -

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- Just as the god Dhūrjaṭi (Śiva) carried on the single lock of (his) hair the approaching Mandākiṇī (Gaṅgā), agitated by the velocity of waves, thus the deep river of learning, filled with troops (of scholars) from the four directions,With caturdiśa-gaṇa cf. the expression cātudīsasa bhikhu-sa[ṁ*]ghasa at Nasik, above, Vol. VIII, p. 73, text line 5. stayed after it had filled the seat of the residents of the village of Vāgūr. Therefore they call this seat of scholars a seat of learning. -

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- This ruler of land thinks highly of himself after he has given to those (scholars) the (three) villages, provided with an executor, their limits having been circumambulated by an elephant,The local authorities fixed the boundaries by letting an elephant walk round the limits. Cf. piṭi naṭappittu or piṭi cūḻntu in the Leyden plates, passim; kariṇī-parikramaṇa-vipaṣṭa-sīmā-catuṣṭayam . . . . . grāmam, ibid. l. 85 f.; ibhī-parīta-sīmānam, above, Vol. XV, p. 63, text line 109 f.; piṭi cūḻntu, ibid., p. 64, text lines 134-136, and p. 65, text line 165: piṭi naṭatti, Travancore Arch. Series, Vol. II, p. 70. accompanied by all immunities, (and) protected by freedom from taxes. -

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- The executor (was) Uttamaśīla, worshipped by the lord of the three worlds,i.e. king Nṛpatuṅga; see verse 15. the minister, resembling Bṛhaspati, of the glorious king Tuṅgavarman. -

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- The descendant of Kuru himself entreats future kings:―’As this charity is common (to all kings), it must be preserved (by you as well)!’ -

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- The servant of the seat of learning of the residents of the village of Vāgūr, the pious Nāgaya, who knew the truth of sciences, composed this eulogy (praśasti). -

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- Tamil portion 1 of 2 - -

- In the eighth year (of the reign) of king Vijaya-Nṛpatuṅgavarman, at the request of Veśāli-pēraraiyaṉ; Viṭēlviṭugu-Kāṭupaṭṭu-Tamiḻa-pērarāiyaṉ being the executor (āṇatti). Let the headmen of Kīḻvaḻi-Vākūr-nāṭu, (a subdivision) of Aruvā-nāṭu, see (this order):Cf. line 105 of the Kācākuṭi plates.

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- In the eighth year (of our reign), we have granted three viIlages of nāṭu, viz. Ceṭṭuppākkam, Viḷāṅkāttaṅkaṭuvaṉūr, and Iṟaippuṇaiccēri,―dispossessing the former tenants, (and) excluding ancient charities and Brahmadeyas,―to the residents of the seat of learning at Vākūr as a source of revenue for the promotion of learning (vidyā-bhōga). -

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- And issued an order (tirumukam) to the headmen of the nāṭu, telling them to circumambulate the limits,Paṭakai naṭandu corresponds to paṭākai valañ ceyitu in line 110 of the Kācākuṭi plates; piṭākai valañ ceytu in a Tiruvallam inscription of Nandivikramavarman, SII. Vol. III, p. 91,1. 11; piṭākai naṭantu in the Leyden plates, passim; and pradakṣiṇi-kṛtya in Sanskrit to plant stones and milk-bush (along the boundaries), and to draw up and submit a report (aṟaiyōlai)! -

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- When the headmen of the nāṭu saw the order, thet raised (their) joined hands (before it), placed (it) on (their) heads, circumambulated the limits, planted stones and milk-bush, and drew up a report. -

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- According to the report submitted by the headmen of the nāṭu, the boundaries of the land (granted are as follows):―Of the two villages of Viḷāṅkāttaṅkaṭuvaṉūr and Ceṭṭuppākkam, the eastern boundary is to the west of the boundary of a forest and of the boundary of Neṉmalippākkam; the southern boundary is to the north of the boundary of Neṉmalippākkam, of the boundary of Nelvāyippākkam, and of the boundary of Uṟattūr; the western boundary is to the east of the boundary of Māmpākkam and of sixty rice-fields (ceṟuvu) which form a Brahmadeya near this Viḷāṅkāttaṅkaṭuvaṉūr;In two other instances (ll. 49, 56 f.), the ā of ṭṭā is represented by short a. the northern boundary is to the south of the boundary of Vākūr. -

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- The boundaries of Iṟaippuṇaiccēri (are):―The eastern boundary is to the west of a forest surrounding the village (nattam); the southern boundary is to the north of the boundary of Neruñcikuṟumpu; the western boundary is to the east of the boundary of Vākūr; and the western boundary is to the south of the boundary of Kiṟimāṉpātti. -

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- Altogether, the land enclosed by the four great boundaries specified here, including wet land and dry land, villages and village-buildings, houses and house-gardens, clearings and young trees, waste grounds for grazing,These three doubtful terms occur also in line 281 of the Leyden plates, and in the Aṉpil plates, above, Vol. XV, p. 65. text line 167 f., where they are translated by ’halls, wastes in which the calves graze.’ I adopt M. Vinson’s renderings of maṉṟum and kaṉṟum (as the Leyden plates read for kaṉṟu). tanks, store-houses,For koṭṭakāram, see S.I.I., Vol. Il, p. 61, n. 2; above, Vol. XV, p. 71, n. 3; Travancore Arch. Series, Vol.. Ill, p 177, n. 3. ditches, wells, forests, brackish ground, water-courses and breaches,See S.I.I., Vol. III, p. 64, n. 1. wherever watter is conducted (?), long harrows are applied,The expression nīr pūci occurs also in line 284 of the Leyden plates and neṭum paramp-eṟintu in line 305 (which ought to have been numbered 285) of the same. Both terms are used in line 434 ot the Tiruvālaṅkāṭu plates, S.I.I., Vol. III, p. 410. iguanas run, and tortoises creep, not excluding the cultivated land,See S.I.I., Vol. III, p. 109, n. 2. being joinedēṟi may be the intransitive form of ēṟṟi, ’having joined.’ to Vākūr itself as a source of revenue for the promotion of learning to the residents of the seat of learning at Vākūr, enjoying the immunities and agreements,For vyavasthā, see S.I.I., Vol. I, No. 40, ll. 20 and 56; Vol. II, No. 98, ll. 58 and 62. enjoyed by Vākūr, possessing all immunities, (and) being a Brahmadeya,―the grant was made.The, two words paradatti ceṉṟatu occur also in line 133 of the Kācākuṭi plates, and in line 63 of the Vēlūrpāḷaiyam plates (S.I.I., Vol. II, p. 509), where I would read paradatti (with Grantha da) instead of paraṭatti and cancel the note on p. xiii of the Addenda aud Corrigenda. The Aṉpil plates (above, Vol. XV, p. 65, text line 180 f.) read paradetti for paradatti. -

- -
- -
- - Sanskrit portion 2 of 2 - -

- ’The good works of those who perform (them) and of those who preserve (them) are equally (meritorious). Therefore preserve you (this gift)!’ Thus (requesting them), king Nṛpatuṅgavarman perpetually bows (his) head, which bears on its crest the lotus feet of Mukunda (Viṣṇu), to future kings. -

- -

- The ornament of the family of Uditodita, the goldsmith named Nṛpatuṅga, who was skilled in all sciences (and) a hereditary servant of the Pallava family, wrote (this). -

-
- -
- Tamil portion 2 of 2 - -

- The writing of Nṛipatuṅga, the son of Mātēvi-peruntaṭṭāṉ (who was) the son of Uditodaya-peruntaṭṭāṉ, (a resident) of Kīḻ-Paicāram in Kaccippēṭu. -

-
- -
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- Sanskrit portion 1 of 2 - -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Let ... show you prosperity! -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... On the Aricit River and the Pāṇdya king see 7: The name of this river must be a Sanskritized form of Aricil, a branch branch of the Kāvērī which enters the sea at Kāraikkāl (Karikal), [fn3: SI.I.I, vol. II, p. 25, n. 3]. It may be concluded from verse 16 that Nṛpatuṅga allied himself with a Pāṇḍya king and undertook an expedition into the dominions of the Coḷa king. -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... The word nilaitāṁgi written here in Grantha character is a Tamil word, meaning “support (tāṅki) of the earth (nilai)" . -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... It is noteworthy that the author of the Sanskrit portion is linked to Vāgūr. -

-
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- Tamil portion 1 of 2 - -

- Seventh year of the victorious king Nṛpatuṅgavarman. 

- -

- May the nāṭṭārs of the Kīḻvaḻivākūrnāṭu in the Aruvānāṭu see what follows, which is made at the petition of Vēcālippēraraiyaṉ, whereas Viṭēlviṭukukāṭupaṭṭittamiḻppēraraiyaṉ is the executor. -

- -

- In their nāṭu, Ceṭṭuppākkam, Viḷaṅkāṭṭaṅkaṭuvaṉūr, and Iṟaippuṇaiccēri, these three villages, after removing the old pious donations and brahmadeyas, after ousting the earlier possessors, in our seventh year, we have ordered their donation as vidyābhoga for the members of the vidyāsthāna of Vākūr. -

- -

- It is suitable takavu that themselves, after having walked with the flag paṭākai naṭantu translates (p. 225) as “en marchant avec la bannière” and comments (p. 237) “puis ils vont solennellement, précédés du drapeau ou de la bannière, reconnaître le terrain concédé”. translates as “circumambulate the limits” and provides parallels in note., having planted stones and thorny bushes, and having made the palm-leaves settling this aṟaiyōlai, send viṭutaka them. -

- -

- While the royal order specifying eṉṟu the above was sent to the nāṭṭārs, the nāṭṭārs having seen the order tirumukam, having payed homage to it, having put it on their heads, having walked with the flag paṭākai, having planted stones and thorny bushes, having made the palm-leaves settling this aṟaiyōlai, the boundaries to the land according paṭi to the palm-leaves settling this aṟaiyōlai that the nāṭṭārs sent are as follows: -

-

- As for both Viḷāṁkāṭṭāṅkaṭuvaṉūr and Ceṭṭuppākkam: - - the eastern-side boundary is west of the boundary of the forest and of the boundary of Neṉmalippākkam; - the southern-side boundary is north of the boundary of Neṉmalippākkam, of the boundary of Nelvāyippākkam and of the boudary of Urattūr; - the western-side boundary is east of the boundary of Māmpākkam and of the sixty fields which are the brahmadeya on the side of Viḷāṁkāṭṭāṅkaṭuvaṉūr; - the northern-side boundary is south of the boundary of Vākūr. - -

- -

- As for the boundaries of Iṟaippuṇaiccēri: - the eastern-side boundary is west of the forest which includes the nattam; - the southern-side boundary is north of the boundary of the neruñci kuṟumpu; - the western-side boundary is east of the boundary of Vākūr; - the northern-side boundary is south of the boundary of Kiṟimānpātti. -

- -

- The land comprised within these four great boundaries just described --- that is, wet land nīr-nilam, dry land puñ-cey, villages ūr, villages’ buildings ūr-irukkai, houses maṉai, gardens of the houses māṉai-p-paṭappu, ... maṉṟu, waste land for grazing calves kaṉṟu mey pāl, tanks kuḷam, store-houses koṭṭakāram, canals kiṭaṅku, wells kēṇi, forests kāṭu, ... kaḷar, ... ōṭai, ... uṭaippu, including uḷḷiṭṭu all these, ... nīr pūci neṭu, ... paramp’ eṟintu, all the land where the iguana runs and the tortoise creeps uṭump’ ōṭi āmai tavaḻntat’ ellām, the land included uṇ-ṇilam in the above, without any exception --- becoming a vidyābhoga for the members of the vidyāsthāna of Vākūr, being joined with Vākūr, having obtained the exemptions and agreements that Vākūr has obtained, being endowed with all exemptions, becoming a brahmadeya, as far as it is concerned, a donation as described above goes. -

-
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- Sanskrit portion 2 of 2 - -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

-
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- Tamil portion 2 of 2 - -

- Writing of Nṛpatuṅga, son of Mahādeviperuntaṭṭāṉ, son of Uditodayaperuntaṭṭāṉ, of Kīḻpaicāram in Kaccippēṭu. -

-
- -
- - -
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- Sanskrit portion 1 of 2 - -

- Salut ! Prospérité ! -

- -

- Qu’il vous montre la prospérité, celui dont les yeux sont des lotus, dont les pieds sont des lotus que les diadèmes des Trente usent de leur contact, - Celui qui causa la perte des Rākṣasa qui terrifiaient le monde entier, le Non né, le meurtrier de Madhu ! -

- -

- Tandis que l’époux de Śrī demeurait allongé, de son œil jaillit un éclat, cause de permanence, de destruction, de création ; - De son nombril naquit, semence de toute chose, un lotus ; Celui qui est sa propre matrice en sortit. - -

- -

- Puis Aṁgiras apparut, issu de ce maître du monde aux quatre visages ; - De lui naquit Bṛhaspati, le ministre de Śakra, qui pourfendit Vala ; -

- -

- Puis Śaṁyu ; naquit ensuite celui qu’on appela Bharadvāja ; -Puis Droṇa, le grand archer qui montre au combat le courage de Śakra. -

- -

- Issu de Droṇa, naquit ensuite, avec ses bras puissants, expert en toutes les formes de combat, - Aśvatthāman, que l’on connaît comme incarnation partielle de Pinākin. -

- -

- Puis Aśvatthāman engendra le roi nommé Pallava, qui - Protégea les habitants des neufs continents, rois et paysans. -

- -

- Dans sa descendance apparut une série de rois, dont les premiers furent Vimala et Koṁkaṇika, devant lesquels s’inclinèrent les épouses de leurs ennemis, - Qui imposèrent leur autorité jusqu’aux autres rois, se firent aimer au plus haut point, et répandirent de continuels cris de victoire. - -

- -

- Quand, après avoir, grâce à leur propre valeur, régné sur la Terre ceinte des quatre océans, - Vimala et ses successeurs furent partis au ciel sur un char céleste, -

- -

- Apparut un roi semblable à Purandara, infaillible dévôt de l’ennemi de Mura : - Dantivarman aux bras puissants, devant qui les monarques inclinèrent leurs diadèmes. -

- -

- Dans le dharma gouvernant la Terre, même dans l’âge Kali, ce roi, - Qui répandit aussi une pluie de générosités, resplendit comme un nuage. -

- -

- Ceux de ses ennemis qu’il n’avait pas réduits en captivité, comme si, déférant à leur désir de voir le séjour de Yāma, - Il leur faisait un viatique, il leur décocha ses flèches. - -

- -

- Nandivarman aux bras puissants naquit de Dantivarman, - Qui au combat subjuga la Terre, sans allié. -

- -

- Nandivarman eut une reine nommée Śaṅkhā, au corps grâcieux, - Née dans la famille de Rāṣṭrakūṭa comme l’ennemi de Mura eut Lakṣmī pour épouse. -

- -

- Patiente comme la Terre, telle une mère aimée de l’univers, - La reine nommée Śaṅkhā resplendissait comme la Prospérité incarnée du roi. -

- -

- Possédant l’intelligence et la beauté, la maîtrise des arts ainsi que d’autres qualités, elle mit au monde, de noble lignée, le vertueux monarque des Trois Mondes, - Dont l’éclat ressemble à celui du souverain soleil à son lever, le vainqueur au combat de flèches : le seigneur Nṛpatuṁga. -

- -

- Ce roi, dont la faveur valut autrefois une armée à Pāṇḍya, dans un combat, - Fut l’incendie qui réduisit en cendres une coalition ennemie, sur l’autre rive de l’Aricit. -

- -

- Renommé sous le nom de Nṛpatuṁga même au cours de son enfance, sous celui de « Maître du Monde » - Il est renommé non seulement sur la Terre, mais aussi dans cet autre Monde, tel Rāma. -

- -

- Recevant l’appui de ce roi, un descendant de la famille des Kuru, - Mārtāṇḍa, qui appartient à la lignée des Veśali, se consacre à la protection de ses sujets. -

- -

- Comme la lune, il est pour le monde un ornement ; par sa profondeur entre autres qualités , il ressemble à l’océan ; - Comme le soleil, par la protection qu’il étend sur les Mondes, des Mondes ce roi est le refuge. - -

- -

- Aussi lui convient le nom de Nilaitāṁgi, comme à un dieu ; - Ou plutôt, le nom de ce maître des peuples lui vient de ce qu’il paraît aux yeux de tous. -

- -

- Ce sont trois villages, situés dans son propre rāṣṭra, que cet homme, qui assure la prospérité de la famille des Kuru, - Sollicita et reçut du roi Nṛpatuṁga, avec un exécuteur ; -

- -

- L’un de ces villages est Ceṭṭuppākkam, où abondent les fruits ; le second - Village porte un nom commençant par Vidyāviḷāṁgā- et se terminant par la lettre -r ; -

- -

- Enfin, le troisième village est Iṛaippuṇaiccēri, pourvu de toutes sortes de richesses ; - Ayant reçu ces trois villages, il les donna à un établissement scientifique. -

- -

- La Mandākinī qui venait à sa rencontre, toute grouillante de ses flots impétueux, - Le dieu Dhūrjaṭi la porta sur son seul chignon ; -

- -

- De même, la profonde rivière de la science, toute grouillante d’une foule venue des quatre horizons, - Quand elle eut atteint l’établissement qu’occupaient les habitants du village de Vāgūr, s’y arrêta : - -

- -

- C’est pourquoi cet établissement de savants reçoit le nom d’« établissement scientifique ». - Après leur avoir donné ces villages, avec un exécuteur, -

- -

- Et tracé leurs frontières en suivant la marche d’un éléphant, ce roi conçut pour lui même de l’estime ; - Il y adjoignit toutes franchises et assura leur sauvegarde sans prélever de taxes. -

- -

- L’exécuteur fut Uttamaśīla, honoré par le souverain des Trois Mondes, - Ministre, pareil à Bṛhaspati, du roi Śrī Tuṁgavarman. -

- -

- Aux Monarques à venir, celui qui fait le bonheur des Kuru adresse en personne cette demande : - « Puisque cet acte dharmique nous est commun, il doit être préservé !". -

- -

- Le serviteur de l’établissement scientifique des habitants du village de Vāgūr, - Le pieux Nāgaya, qui connaît la vérité des traités, a composé ce panégyrique. -

- -
- - -
- Sanskrit portion 2 of 2 - -

- « Même caractère auspicieux revêt un acte pour qui le commet et pour qui le préserve - préservez celui-ci !" : leur adressant ces mots, le roi Nṛpatuṁgavarman -Devant les souverains à venir incline, pour une éternelle révérence, sa tête que couronnent les lotus des pieds de Mukunda. - -

- -

- Ornement de la famille Uditodita, l’orfèvre, versé dans tous les traités, - Qui porte le nom de Nṛpatuṁga, serviteur héréditaire de la famille Pallava, a gravé ici ces tablettes. -

-
- -
- -
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Online images: https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b52509208s. Note that plate 4 recto and verso are interverted.

-

dates the plates to circa 877, to circa 862.

-

About stanza 2, 6 notes: The metre of verse 2 is Praharṣiṇī; but its fourth Pāda is Anuṣṭubh, and in each of the two first Pādas the tenth and eleventh syllables of the Praharṣiṇī metre are missing. I am unable to correct and translate this verse in a satisfactory manner.

-

The transliteration of Indian terms in the translation by (EI 18, no. 2) reproduced above have been standardised according to the DHARMA Transliteration Guide.

-
- -
-

Tamil portion edited in Tamil script in ; first fully edited (in Nāgarī, Tamil script, and transliteration) and translated into French in ; re-edited in (postscript to SII 2, no. 98); corrections and translation in ; re-edited in transliteration and translated into English in (EI 18, no. 2), with facsimiles; re-edited and translated into Tamil in ; text and summary in (IP no. 155); Sanskrit text and French translation in (B no. 62); (IR no. 91).

-

Re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Sylvain Brocquet & Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions, mostly that by , photographs, and autopsy of the original plates in the BnF. - -

- - - - - - 177-179 - - - - - - - - - 513-517 - - - - - - - - - 263-276 - 155 - - - - - 454-459 - 155 - - - - - 732-748 - 62 - - - - - - - - - 37 - A/1956-1957 - 87 - - - - - 80 - 574 - - - - - - 177-178 - - - - - - 302 - IR 91 - - - - - 755 - IR 91 - - - - - 180-181 - - - - - 47-51 - IR 91 - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00156.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00156.xml deleted file mode 100644 index a9a814400..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00156.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,172 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruvālaṅkāṭu, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅgadeva, year 11 - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00156 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for supplying paddy and ghee. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file on the - repository - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-ṉnirupatuṅka-tēvarkku yāṇṭu 10 1Āvatu -

-

- It-tēvar tēviyār kāṭavaṉ mā-tēviyār - pakkal Īkkāṭṭu-k-kōṭṭattu-k kākkalūr-nāṭṭu bram·matēcam perumuḷai-Ūy-ūr sabhaiyār koṇṭa tan - ma-kaṭṭaḷaiyāl poṉ 100 8 Ip-poṉ nūṟṟ’ eṇ kaḻañcukkum palicai-y-āka-p paḻaiyaṉūr-nāṭṭu tiruvā - laṅkāṭ-uṭaiyārkku Āṭṭ-āṇṭu tōṟum ceyya-k kaṭava nivantam Āṇṭu varai Āḷakku nittam ney - Ūri Āḻakku . -

- -
- -
- - - - - . - - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Eleventh year of the king Nṛpatuṅgadeva. -

- -

- -

- -
- -
- -

This appears to be a later copy of a Pallava original.

- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 12, no. 64); text and summary in (IP no. 156); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) and translated for the first time by Emmanuel Francis, based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 26-27 - 64 - - - - - 459-461 - 156 - - - - - - - 29 - B/1905 - 460 - - - -
- - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00157.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00157.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 9cdcaa1d1..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00157.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,180 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Marutāṭu, foundation and renovation, time of Nṛpatuṅgavarman, year - 12 - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00157 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Construction of a weir and renovation of a sluice. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file on the - repository - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-nṛpa - tuṅkavarmmaṟku yā - ṇṭu pannṉṉiraṇṭ-āva - tu -

-

- marutāṭṭ’ ēri-k ka - liñcṅku ceyvit - tu-t tūmpu putuk - kuvittār koṅkarai - yar niṉṟaperu - māṉ -

- -
- -
- - - - - ka - liñcṅku - ka - liñcu - ka - liñcṅku - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Twelfth year of the victorious king Nṛpatuṅgavarman. 

- -

- The Koṅkaraiyar Niṉṟaperumāṉ had a weir kaliṅku made for the tank at Marutāṭu and had a sluice tūmpurenovated. -

- -
- -
- - -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 12, no. 65); text and summary in (IP no. 157); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) and translated for the first time by Emmanuel Francis, based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 27 - 65 - - - - - 462 - 157 - - - - - -
- - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00158.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00158.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 639a7f663..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00158.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,168 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kāvērippākkam, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅgavarman, year 15 - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00158 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Undertaking by an assembly (sabhā) concerning a - donation of uṇṇāḻikaippuṟam. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file on the - repository - - - - - -
- -

- nṛpatouṅkaparmmarkku yāṇṭu patiṉ aint-āvatu -

-

- kāvitipākkamum Avaṉi-nārā - yaṇa-c-caturvvetimaṅkalattu sabhaiyōm Ōṭappuṟai-k kaṇviīḻccil caṭaṅka - viyār pakkal patiṉ eḻu kaḻañcu poṉ koṇṭu Emm-ūr tirumēṟṟaḷi Aṭikaḷukku U - ṇṇāḻikai-p-puṟam nicati Uḻakk’ eṇṇai māṉāya-ṉāḻi-y ōṭokkum Uḻakkiṉāl pakal - - - -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Fifteenth year of Nṛpatuṅgavarman. 

- -

- notes: Continuation of the inscription is lost. -

- -
- -
- -

The inscription is incomplete. It appears to be a later copy (11th century?) of an original Pallava inscription. notes: Continuation is lost. It is engraved in characters of the 11 th century A.D. The stone bearing this record must have belonged originally to a temple of Viṣṇu (Tirumēṟṟaḷi-Aḍigaḷ) in the village and was probably shifted here at some later time. and The name Avaṉinārāyaṇa-caturvēdimaṅgalam must have been given to Kāvidipākkam after the surname of Avaṉinārāyaṇa borne by Nandivarman III.

- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 12, no. 67); text and summary in (IP no. 158); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) and translated for the first time by Emmanuel Francis, based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 28 - 67 - - - - - 463 - 158 - - - - - -
- - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00159.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00159.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 078eb4142..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00159.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,238 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Parameśvaramaṅgalam, foundation, time of Nṛpatuṅgavarman, year - 15 - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00159 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Construction of a shrine, setting up of a cult image and endowment - of paddy for the upkeep of perpetual lamps and for worship. - - - -

Medial i and ī are - interchangeable.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file on the - repository - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- yāṇṭu patiṉaint-ā - vatu -

- -

- parameśvara-maṅkalattu śai - leśvarattu gaṇavpatīi-bhaṭārarai vaiyvai - ttu-k kōyilll eṭuppittār taṇṭiya - ṅ-kiḻār pāṇṭaiya-kramavittarr brāhma - ṇi tēvaccāṉi tāṉ eṭuppitta taḷik - ku Arccanā-bhogammm-āka vaitta nel - mutal nāṟpatiṉ kāṭi -

- -

- Ivaittil va - rddhamānaṁ koṇṭu tiṅkaḷ nālḷ avi - yum Anti-viḷakkum Arccanaiyu - m -

- -

- Ip-paricu vaḻuvāmai-c cey - vōm āka -

- -

- in-nāṟpatiṉ kaāṭiyum - koṇṭōm taḷi-y-uṭaiyyy-ākar civa - catti civa-kurava civa-nakka civa-kāma ci - - -

- -
- -
- - - - - gaṇavpatīi-bhaṭārarai - gaṇavati-bhaṭārarai - gaṇavpati-bhaṭārarai - - - - eṭuppittār - eṭuppittaār - eṭuppittār - - - - pāṇṭaiya-kramavittarr - pāṇṭiya-kramavittar - - - - nālḷ avi - yum - nālvi - yum - nālvl avi - yum - - - - taḷi-y-uṭaiyyy-ākar - taḷi-y-uṭaiyyy-ākar - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Fifteenth year. -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- These fourteen kāṭis, We have taken them, We ... Civa -

- -
- -
- -

The inscription is incomplete. notes: Probably a few more letters are wanting. The significance of these names is not clear. They were probably the taḷi uḍaiyār (temple priests), as stated in l. 13.

-

According to : This gives the earliest reference to the setting up of the image of god Ganapati, during the Pallava period.

- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 12, no. 68); text and summary in (IP no. 159); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) and translated for the first time by Emmanuel Francis, based on previous editions and photos. -

- - - - - - 28-29 - 68 - - - - - 464-465 - 159 - - - - - - - 34 - B/1912 - 258 - - - -
- - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00160.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00160.xml deleted file mode 100644 index a9b713bec..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00160.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,185 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruvālaṅkāṭu, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅgadeva, year - 15 - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00160 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for the upkeep of two perpetual lamps. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file on the - repository - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-nirupatuṅka-tēvarkku yāṇṭu 10 5-Āvatu -

- -

- Arikaṇṭaperumāḷ pakkal Eyiṟ-kōṭṭattu-p pulve - ḷūr sabhaiyār koṇṭu kaṭava poṉ-3 10 -

- -

- Ippoṉ muppatiṉ kaḻañcukkum palicaiyāka-t tiruvālaṅkāṭ-u - ṭaiyārkku Ivvūr sabhaiyār ceyya-k-kaṭava nimantam Uṭaiyārkku tiru naontā viḷakku Iraṇṭukku-p piruti-māṇi - kkattinṉāl nittamuṭṭāmal Aḷakka-k kaṭava Eṇṇai Uri - -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- 15th year of the king Nṛpatuṅgadeva. -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- - -
- -
- -

This appears to be a later copy of a Pallava original. See SII 12.66.

- - -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 12, no. 66); text and summary in (IP no. 160); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) and translated for the first time by Emmanuel Francis, based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 27-28 - 66 - - - - - 466 - 160 - - - - - - - 29 - B/1905 - 461 - - - -
- - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00161.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00161.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 6de797ccb..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00161.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,214 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Parameśvaramaṅgalam, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅgavarman, year - 16 - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00161 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for supplying food-offerings. - - - -

Medial i and ī are - interchangeable.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file on the - repository - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- nṛpatuṅka-va - rmmaṟkku yāṇṭu patiṉ-āṟ-āvatu -

- -

- pa - rameśvara-maṅkalattu śaileśva - rattu mahahādevarkku manddhyāhna-vēḷai - yiṟ ṟiru-v-amutukku maṇṇaiku - ṭi maṟamaṭakki viḻuppēraraiyar ma - kaṉ nan=ti niṟaimati śaileśvara - rattu-k kaṇa-p-peru-makkaḷ vaḻi kuṭut - ta cem-poṉ patiṉ oru kaḻañcu Itaṉ - poliyūṭṭiṉāṉicati nāṭuri kuttal ariciyu - m oru piṭi neyyum appōtu kāṭṭum viḷa - kkiṉukku Oru mpiṭi Eṇṇaiyyumuṭṭāmai - -c celuttuvōm āṉōṅ kaṇappe - ru-makkaḷōm -

- -

- Itu mahahāsabhai rakṣai -

- -
- -
- - - - - manddhyāhna° - madhyāhna° - - - - vēḷai - yiṟ - vēḷai - yiṟ - The stone is broken at the locus concerned. - - - - ma - kaṉ nan=ti - ma - kan= nan=ti - - - - kaḻañcu - kaḻañci - kaḻañciu - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Sixteenth year of Nṛpatuṅgavarman. 

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

This donation is under the protection of the great assembly. - -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 12, no. 69); text and summary in (IP no. 161); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) and translated for the first time by Emmanuel Francis, based on previous editions and photos. -

- - - - - - 29 - 69 - - - - - 467-468 - 161 - - - - - - - 34 - B/1912 - 257 - - - -
- - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00162.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00162.xml deleted file mode 100644 index c1b5601d4..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00162.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,224 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruvatikai, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅga, year 10 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00162 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Renovation and donation of gold for the upkeep of two perpetual - lamps. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- tiru-vīraṭṭāṉa - m putukki Im - -mahādevarkku - nirupatoṅkaṟku - yāṇṭu patiṉ - ṉ āṟ-āvatu mutal - l-āka -

-

- muṉaippāṭi - Āṉmūr-nāṭṭu pe - ruṅkuḷattūr vā - ḻum muṉai-p-pēr-a - raiyar makaṉ mu - ṉaiya-kōṉ-iḷa - varaiyaṉ tiru - vīraṭṭāṉam pu - tukki It-tēvar - kku naontā viḷakkukku - Ati-Araiya-maṅ - kalattu nakaratattār - kku-k kuṭutta po - ṉ Oṉpatu māṟi - Eṇpatiṉ ka - ḻaiañcu mutal -

-

- Itaṉ palicai - yāll iraṇ - ṭu naontā viḷa - kkkukku nāḷvāy - y uri-y ney Aḷa - ntu kuṭuppō - m aṉōm tiru-k-kōyi - l-uṭaiyār kaiyilē - nakarattōm -

-

- I-vi - ḷakku nantil pal-ma - heśvarar kaṭai kū - ṭṭa-p peṟṟār -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

-
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 8, no. 308); text and summary in (IP no. 162); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 167-168 - 308 - - - - - 469-470 - 162 - - - - - - - - - - 21 - B/1903 - 35 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00163.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00163.xml deleted file mode 100644 index ceac0360b..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00163.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,181 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Uttiramērūr, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅgavarman, year 16 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00163 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - -

- nṛpatouṅka-varmmarkkku yāṇṭu patināṟ-āvatu -

-

- Ut=tarameru-c-caturvvedi-maṁkalattu tiru-p - -pulivalattu mahādevarkkku naṉntā-viḷakkukk’ āka Ālappākkattu kōyilāṉ harinandi maṇavāṭṭi paṭā - ri-y-ēnṉ kuoṭutta poṉ patiṉ mu-k-kaḻañcu -

-

- Ip-poṉṉiṉ poliyālē naṉntā-viḷakk’ erippa - t’ āka kuoṭuttēṉ -

-

- Itu rakṣippār vāriya-p-perumakkaḷ -

-

- Id-dharmaṁ rakṣittār tiruvaṭi En talai mē - l āka -

- -
- -
- - - - Ut=tarameru° - U or U? - - - - -
- -
-

Prosperity! Fortune!

-

Sixteenth year of Nṛpatuṅgavarman.

-

The gold that I, PaṭāriThat is, Skt. Bhaṭāri., wife maṇavāṭṭi of Harinandin, temple-man kōyilāṉ at Ālappākkam, have given for the sake of an unperishable lamp for the Mahādeva of Tiruppulivalam in Uttaramerucaturvedimaṅgala: thirteen kaḻañcus.

-

This gold, I have given for burning an unperishable lamp with its interest poliyālē.

-

The great men of the supervision committee vāriyapperumakkaḷ are the protectors of this.

-

Let the feet of those who will protect this pious act dharma be on my head.

-
- -
-

Compare t=ta (line 1) and tta (line 5). Thus first could be encoded as Grantha.

-

Note rākṣippār, present habitual, and rakṣittār, past. Literally: “of those who have protected.” The honour of taking the feet on the head is placed in the future and, as the reason (the act of protecting) for conferring the honour will take place before conferring of honour, the act of protecting is in past tense.

- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 6, no. 346); text and summary in (IP no. 163); re-edited and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs (2019). -

- - - - - - 17 - 162 - - - - 471 - 163 - - - - - - - - - 18 - B/1898 - 63 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00164.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00164.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 00a5356fa..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00164.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,228 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kūram, Keśavaperumāḷ, north wall inscription - - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00164 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Sale-deed of land in the Pallava-nārāyaṇa-caturvedimaṅgala to members of the ... (āḷuṅ-kaṇattārs) of Avani-nārāyaṇa-caturvedimaṅgala, sanctioned by the assembly (sabhā) of Pallava-nārāyaṇa-caturvedimaṅgala. - - - -

Example of Grantha tu and Tamil tu used alternatively for the same word (caturvedi, line 1).

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-nirupa-touṅka-vikkarama-parumaṟkku yāṇṭu patiṉ Eḻ-āvatu -

- -

- paṭuvūr-k-kōṭṭattu karai-nāṭṭu-p pallava-nārāyaṇa-śacaturvvedi-maṅkalattu sabhaiyōm -

- -

- Emm-ūr kaṟkayam Iru-patt-eḻ-āyiraṅ kuḻi -

- -

- Ik-kōṭṭattu Amaṉi-nārāyaṇa-śacaturvvedi-maṅkalamum y-āluṅkaṇattār-uḷ -

- -

- śrī-bhālekkaṇa carma-kramavittaṉum rukku mu-v-āyiraṅ kuḻiyum -

- -

- krāñci-k kumaraṭi-c-caṭaṅkavikku A- - - yi-y-āyiraṅ kuḻiyum -

- -

paciṇṭi kaṇacanna-kramavittaṉukku mu-v-āyiraṅ kuḻiyum

-

nallūr-c caṉṉa Āticca-carma-mē veḷi rikku Ir-āyiraṅ kuḻiyum

-

muṭumpai-c cappaṭi-kramavitta-c-comācikku Āyiraṅ kuḷiyum

-

Ivar tampi kāḷimaṇṭai-c caṭaṅkavikku Āyiraṅ kuḻiyum

-

ṉukku Ir-āyiraṅ kuḻiyum

-

kumaṭṭūr-c ca-c caṭaṅkavikku Āyiraṅ kuḻiyum

-

makacira poṟkāḷi bhaṭṭaṉukku Āyiraṅ kuḻiyum

- -

- yiṟ Iru-patt-eḻu maṉaiyum pāḻ - - p-pāṭi Iru-patt-eḻu paṅkum - maṟṟum pañcākamum-uḷḷa iṭattu Ivv-iru-patt-eḻu paṅkiṉālum van=ta nilamum Im-mēṟ-colla-p-paṭṭa m nilavaḻiyāl vilai-p-poruḷ aṟa-k koṇṭu viṟṟu-k-kuṭuttu-c cilālekai ceytu kuṭuṭṭōm sabhaiyōm - Ivv-iru-patt-eḻ-āyiraṅ kuḻiyum paṉṉiru-c-cāṇ kōlāl

- -
- -
- - - - - krāñci - krāñci - Possibly read kāñci. - - - - Āticca-carma-mē veḷi - Āticcacāmamē veḷi - Āticcacarma-mē vaḷi - - - - ca-c - ca-c - caṉṉa-c - - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Seventeenth year of the victorious king Nṛpatuṅgavikramavarman. 

- -

- ... -

- -
- -
- -

- notes after the last word of his edition: The continuation is much effaced. -

- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 7, no. 33); text and summary in (IP n° 164); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021). -

- - - - - - 13-14 - 33 - - - - - 472-473 - 164 - - - - - - - - - 50 - B/1900 - 33 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00165.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00165.xml deleted file mode 100644 index a9ab3287f..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00165.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,193 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kīḻūr, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅgavikrama, year 18 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00165 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for the set up and upkeep of a garden. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - -

- kō-vicaiya-nirupatoṅka-vikkirama-rkki yāṇṭu patiṉṉṉ eṭṭ-ā - vatu -

-

- milāṭṭu kuṟukkai-k-kūṟṟattu tiru-k-kōvalllūr tiru-viraṭṭā -ṉattu mātēvar tiru-nan=ta-vāṉan ceyvittum pū-mara-naṭuvu vaittu -nir-iraikkavun tiruttavum Iṭṭa cūṭimaṭaiviṭuvāṉ uḷḷiṭṭu muva -r-t tiru-k-kōvalūr nakarattār vaḻi Āṇṭu varai Eṇ kaḻacāv-aāka -ṉ koṟṟum puṭavaikkum poli-Ūṭṭiṉāl ceñtālap - palar kūṟṟa māyilaṅkai vicaiyanalluḻāṉ-āyi -ṉa ṉ māyāṉ vaitta poṉ viṭēlvi -ṭuku tuḷai-y iṭṭa cem-poṉ mu-p-patt’ iru-kaḻañcu -

-

-Itu paṉmāyeśvara-rakṣai . - -

- - -
- -
- - - - - kaḻacāv-aāka - kaḻacāvaka - kaḻaicāv-aāka - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Eighteenth year of the victorious king Nṛpatuṅgavikrama. -

- -

- -

- -

- This is under the protection of the Paṉmāheśvaras. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 7, no. 926); text and summary in (IP n° 165); encoded here and translated for the first time for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020) based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 455 - 926 - - - - - 474-475 - 165 - - - - - - - - - 18 - B/1902 - 297 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00166.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00166.xml deleted file mode 100644 index e24fd48f9..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00166.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,235 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tirucceṉṉampūṇṭi, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅgavarman, year 18 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00166 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for the upkeep of a perpetual lamp. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - svasti śrī - - -

- nirupa - toṅka-varm - maṟku yāṇṭu - 10 8-Āvatu -

-

- - - - - śrī-kaṇṭapurat - tut tēvaṉār ma - kaḷ nakkaṅ kāḷi - tiru-k-kaṭai-muṭi-p - peru-māṉaṭikaḷu - kku-t tiru-nontā - viḷakkiṉukku vai - tta cem-poṉ - pann-iru kaḻaiañcu -

-

- - - - Ippoṉ - perumāṉ-a - ṭikaḷ vārika - śrī-kaṇṭa - purattu-p - peruñ-cē - riyār kaiva - ḻi Itaṉ - policai-y - nicati Uḻakku -

-

- Itu paṉmā - heśvara-ra - kṣai - - -

- -
- -
- - - - kaḻaiañcu - kaḻañcu - - - -
- - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- 18th year of Nṛpatuṅgavarman -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -
- -
- - - -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 7, no. 526); text and summary in (IP n° 166); edited and translated by ; edited and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis, based on photos (up to line 13) and on previous editions (from line 14 onwards). - -

- - - - - - 319 - 526 - - - - - 476-477 - 166 - - - - - 305-306 - 5 - - - - - - - - - 27 - A/1901 - 303A - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00167.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00167.xml deleted file mode 100644 index a07231933..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00167.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,227 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruvatikai, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅgavarman, year 18 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00167 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for supplying food offerings. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- nṛpatou - ṅkapanmaṟku yāṇṭu - patinṉ eṭṭāvatu -

-

- A - tiyaraiya-maṅka - lattu tiruviraṭṭā - nattu mahādeva - rkku pāṇ - ṭi-varakuṇa-mahārā - jaṉ kuṭutta poṉ - Añ-ñAin-nūṟṟ’ eḻu-patiṉ ka - ḻañcu -

-

- Ippoṉ koṇ - ṭu kaṭavōm Atiyarai - ya-maṅkalattu nakara - ttōm -

-

- Ip-poṉni - l Iru-nūṟṟu-t toṇṇū - ṟṟu-k kaḻañcu poṉnā - l palicaiyāl nicati - - - munnāḻi Uri - kkum meṟṟi patiṟ - ṟu nāḻi Ariciyum - poḻutukku Uri pacca - payaṟṟupparuppu kum - māyam uḷḷiṭṭa AñcAintu kā - yum poḻutu puḷiṅkaṟi - kku Uḻakku tayirum po - ḻutu kaṟikku kā - yammm iru-c-ceviṭaṭum - poḻutu kaṟi tumikka - c ceviṭṭu neyum - nivētikka naṟune - y potu Uḻakk-ā - ka nālu poḻutukku - m mēṟṟi ney nāḻi - nivētikka poḻutu - kkuṉ tayir Uri nālu - poḻutumē -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Eighteenth year of Nṛpatuṅkavarman. 

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

-
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 71); text and summary in (IP no. 167); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 30-31 - 71 - - - - - 478-480 - 167 - - - - - - - - - - 29 - B/1921 - 360 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00168.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00168.xml deleted file mode 100644 index c156dca2c..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00168.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,232 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruvoṟṟiyūr, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅgavarman, year 18 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00168 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for supplying food offerings. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicai - ya-nṛpatuṅka-varmmak=ku - yāṇṭu patiṉ eṭṭ-āvatu -

- -

- tiru-v-oṟṟiyūr-p-puṟattu - maṇali sabhaiyōm - Emmuūr-uṭaiya mahāde - vark=ku Umpaḷa-nāṭṭu viṭē - l-viṭuku pallavarai - yar deviyāriṟ paḻiya - n pilli kuṭutta po - ṉ Ūrkkaṟ cemmai - ayṅ-kaḻañcu I - y poṉayṅkaḻañcu po - ṉ koṇṭu celutta - k kaṭavōm āyiṉa paric - cāvatu -

-

- cen-neṟ kuttaṟ - paḻa-v arici karu-nāḻiyiṉāl - nā-ṉāḻiyum Uḻak=ku ne - yyum āaṭukk’ ilaiyum ai - ntu kāyum nālu-paḻamum saṅ - kirān=ti-tōṟum muṭṭāmai - nilai-p poli-y-ūṭṭ-āka-t ti - ṅkaṭoṟum āka kuṭup - pōm āṉōm muṭṭuvatā - yiṟ dhammāsanattu nicati nālē - kāl kāṇam paṭuvōm - m āṉōm paṭṭum po - li-y-ūṭṭu muṭṭāmai caṉ - -

- -
- -
- - - - - °varmmak=ku - °varmmak=ku - - - - - ayṅ° - °ayṅ - notes: Engraved over an erasure. - - - - poṉayṅka - poṉayṅka - notes: Engraved over an erasure. - - - - dhammāsanattu - dhammādhasanattu - - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Eighteenth year of the victorious king Nṛpatuṅkavarman. 

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -
- -
- -

notes: The slab is broken at this place and the continuation of the inscription is lost.

- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 70); text and summary in (IP no. 168); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions and photos. -

- - - - - - 30 - 70 - - - - - 481-482 - 168 - - - - - - - - - - 24 - B/1912 - 162 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00169.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00169.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 5d1b147bf..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00169.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,213 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kāvērippākkam, donation (?), time of Nṛpatuṅgavarman, year lost - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00169 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation (?). The inscription is incomplete. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- nirupa-toṅka-varmmarkku yāṇṭu patiṉ--ā - vatu -

-

- paṭuvūr-k-kōṭṭattu māṅkāṭu-nāṭṭu viṭēlviṭuku - yamattu sabhaiyōm Ik-kōṭṭattu-k kāviti-p-pākkam āki - ya Amani-nārāyaṇa-c-caturvveti-maṅkalam yāḷuṅkaṇat - tāruḷ Aṅkāṇaccanyai vasan=tayājiyār pa - -

- - - -
- -
- - - - - nirupa° - nirupa° - notes: The letter pa is engraved below the line. - - - - patiṉāvatu - pativatu - - - - viṭēlviṭuku - viṭēlviṭuku - notes: The letter ṭu is engraved below the line. - - - - sabhaiyōm - sabhaiyōm - notes: The letter m engraved below the line. - - - - kāviti-p-pākkam ākiya - kāviti-p-pākkam ākiya - - - - - yāḷuṅkaṇattāruḷ - yāḷu - tāruḷ - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- teenth year of Nṛpatuṅkavarman. 

- -

- -

- -
- -

Note on the lost year: between 11th and 19th.

- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 82); text and summary in (IP no. 169); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 35 - 82 - - - - - 483 - 169 - - - - - - - - - - 25 - B/1905 - 394 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00170.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00170.xml deleted file mode 100644 index cae847c09..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00170.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,201 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Piḷḷaippākkam, imprecation, time of Nṛpatuṅga, year 20 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00170 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Imprecation. The inscription is incomplete. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- - nṛrupatouṅ - karkku yāṇ - ṭu Iru-pat-āva - tu -

- -

- Iv-vūṟ ṟa - lattu nelll a - ṭṭuvār kaṅkai - Iṭai kumari - yiṭai-c cey - tār ceyta - pāvam paṭuvā - r -

-

- nelll aṭṭi - ṉārum aṭṭav uṭaṉ - paṭṭāruñ - ta - - -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Twentieth year of Nṛpatuṅka. -

- -

- Those who dump paddy on the premises talam of this village will encur the sin done by those who did sin between the Ganges and Kanniyakumari. -

-

- -

- -
- -

notes: Letters at the end of the inscription have been chiselled away.

- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 72); text and summary in (IP no. 170); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 31 - 72 - - - - - 484-485 - 170 - - - - - - - - - - 20 - B/1929-1930 - 175 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00171.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00171.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 916d10307..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00171.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,282 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kaṇṭiyūr, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅgavikramavarman, year 21 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00171 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of land (after sale) and of gold. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-nirupatouṅka-vikkirama-paruma - ṟku yāṇṭu 2 10 1-Āvatu -

-

- Avv-āṇṭu Ārkkā - ṭṭu-k-kūṟṟattu brahmatēyan tiru-k-kaṇṭiyūr - sabhaiyōm -

-

- Ivv-ūr-c cēri vicaiya-nallu - ḻāṉ māṟaṅkāḷiyiṭai koṇṭa tiīpam oṉṟu - kku-c cempoṉ campirāṇip paḻaṅ-kāci - ṉōṭ’ urai-y oppatu Ūrāṭukallāl 100 10 {symbol} - ṉūṟṟorupatiṉ kaḻañcu -

-

- Ivv-ūr kāḷāpaṭāriyā - rkku Oḻukk’ avippuṟam-āka-p pattu-c ceyyum O - ḻukku-p puṟam-āka Oru mā-c ceyyum Āka patiṉ o - ru mā-c ceyyum Eṅkaḷ brahma - ṟuk kuṭutta nilattukk’ ellai tāṉai - rañ centaṉum Iva - ṉ tampi tivaākara-nak - kaṉukaḷ nilattu - kku-k kiḻakkum paḻaiya - taḷi-t tēvatāṉam-āṉa - nilattukku-t teṟkum - It-tēvatāṉa nilat - tukkum vaḻiñcivāyk - ku mēkṟkum vaḻiñcivāy - kku vaṭakkum -

-

- Ivv-icain - ta peru-nāṅk’ ellai - yil akappaṭṭa nilam O - ṭṭai-c-cey muṟṟum -

-

- Iṉṉam itaṟkēy viṟ - kiṉṟa nilattukk’ ellai - Ūr-uṭaiya perumāṉaṭi - kaḷ veli-p peruñ-cey - yil ālkiṉṟa nilattukku - k kiḻakkuṅ kāmakkāṇi calā - kaṉ tiru-maḻavāṭiyun tampi - maruṅ kākakkāṇi centaṉ brā - hmaṇi divākaraṉ puṇṭum ni - lattukku-t teṟku tāṉainta - ṉ vāsudevaṉ talaiyaṉun - tāṉaintaṉ tāmōtiraṉ vā - sudevabhaṭṭaṉum mōcitē - vaṉ tiru-veṅkāṭaṉ sśrīdha - nam peṟṟa nilattukkum pālā - ciriyaṉ ceṭṭi mātēva nilat - tukkumē Aṇaivāykkālu - kkum Iv-veli-p peruñ-ce - y pāyavum vāravum-āka - vaicca Araikkoṭṭivā - ykkālukku vaṭakku - makkum -

-

- Ivv-icait - ta peru-nāṅk’ ellaiyill a - kappaṭṭa nilan taṭi-y ira - ṇṭu -

-

- nilan karuttāka U - ṇṇilam oḻiv’ iṉṟi O - ṭṭai-c ceyyum velip - peruñ-ceyyil kiḻakkaṭai - yavum-āka Aḷantu Araiyē - y oru mā cceyyum ōḻu - kk’ avi-p-puṟamum eoḻukku - p puṟamum Arccanā-bhoga - mum-āka In-nilattāl pañcavā - ramum Ec-cōṟum nērvā - yamum veṭṭi vetiṉaiyu - ñ ceṉṉir-p potivi - -

- -
- -
- - - - - 100 10 {symbol} - 100 10 {symbol} - {symbol} - reads only the symbol and notes: Here there is a symbol representing 110. - - - - vaicca - Only the first of the two successive kompus is unclear. - - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- 21st year of the victorious king Nṛpatuṅgavikramavarman. 

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

-

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -
- -
-

The inscription stops short here. notes: This inscription is left unfinished.

-
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 5, no. 572); text and summary in (IP no. 171); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 226-227 - 572 - - - - - 486-488 - 171 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00172.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00172.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 7b986bd00..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00172.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,196 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kīḻūr, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅgavikrama, year 21 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00172 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for the upkeep of a perpetual lamp. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-nirupatouṅka-vikramaṟkku yāṇṭu 2 10 1-āvatu -

-

- milā - ṭṭu-k kuṟukkai-k-kūṟṟattu tiru-k-kōvalūr tiru-viīraṭṭāṉattu mahādevarkku - natnāntā viḷa - kkiṉukku veṭṭuvataraiyarkku Aṟāmuṇṇum naṉṉaṉ koṟṟaṉ kuṭutta poṉ - 10 2 -

-

- paṉṉiru-kaḻañciṉ palicaiyālē-y iravum pakalum oru nontā viḷak - k’ erippōm ānṉōm tiru-k-kōvalūr nakarattōm candrādittaval -

-

- Itu panṉ-mā - heśvara-rakṣai - -

- - - -
- - - - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- 21st year of the victorious king Nṛpatuṅgavikrama. -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in by (EI 7, no. 20B); text and summary in (IP n° 172); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis, based on previous editions. The Grantha characters and numerals are not warranted due to the defective transliteration scheme used by . -

- - - - - - B - - - - - - 489-490 - 172 - - - - - - - - - 17 - B/1902 - 277 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00173.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00173.xml deleted file mode 100644 index b12bf082f..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00173.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,197 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kīḻūr, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅgavikramavarman, year 21 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00173 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for the upkeep of a perpetual lamp. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-nirupatouṅka-vikkira - - ma-parumaṟku yāṇṭu 2 10 1-āvatu -

-

- tiru-k-kō - valūr tiru-viīraṭṭāṉattu mahādevarkku na - ntā viḷakkiṉukku veṭṭuvatiyaraiyar a - ṟāmuṇṇunanṉṉaṉ koṟṟaṉ kuṭutta po - ṉ paṉṉiru-kaḻañcu -

-

- Itaṉ palicaiyāl - nantā viḷakku Iravum pakalum erippō - mmm āṉōm tiru-k-kōvalūr nakarattōm -

-

- I - tu paṉ-māheśvara-rakṣai - -

- -
- - - - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- 21st year of the victorious king Nṛpatuṅgavikrama. -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in by (EI 7, no. 20C); text and summary in (IP n° 173); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis, based on previous editions. The Grantha characters and numerals are not warranted due to the defective transliteration scheme used by . -

- - - - - - C - - - - - - 491 - 173 - - - - - - - - - 18 - B/1902 - 303 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00174.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00174.xml deleted file mode 100644 index b7ed1a212..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00174.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,235 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kūram, Śiva temple pillar - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00174 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Regulation by the Kūram assembly pertaining to four kaḻañcus of gold, apparently received in donation. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- nṛpatou - ṅkarkku yāṇṭu Iru - patt-oṉṟ-āvatu -

- -

- kūrattu sabhai - yōm eḻuttu -

- -

- O - ymā-nāṭṭu perā - yūr-nāṭṭu nallā - yūr peruñci - pakkal nāṟ- - kalañcu poṉ -

- -

- - I - cāṉa ru - ṭṭa - kaḻit - ṇṭa mu-p-patu - - - - - - - - ṭṭi-y ūṭṭuvat-āka - ttōm Ūṭṭa - vitaṉāl vanta - Avvavv-āṭṭai - kay-āka-p paṇit - tōm sabhaiyōm -

- -

- -p paṇikka-v eḻuti - Ivv-ūr madhyasthan - vinītanṉ-ēnṉ - ṭṭi-p-pōttaṉ -

- - -
- -
- - - - - sabhai - yōm - Only the kāl in o is unclear. - - - - poṉ - po - - - - ūṭṭuvat-āka - ūṭṭuvata - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Twenty-first year of the Nṛpatuṅga. -

- -

- ... -

- -
- -
- -

- uncorrectly locates this inscription in the Viṣṇu temple (Ādikeśavaperumāḷ). -

- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 7, no. 39); text and summary in (IP n° 174); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021). -

- - - - - - 15 - 39 - - - - - 492-493 - 174 - - - - - - - - - 50 - B/1900 - 37 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00175.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00175.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 6f3b92ef5..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00175.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,268 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tirucceṉṉampūṇṭi, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅgavikramavarman, year 22 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00175 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of cows for the cult service of the Mahādeva at Tirukkaṭaimuṭi. - - - -

Possibly occasional puḷḷi.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaya - -nirupa-tou - ṅka-vikki - rama-paruma - rkku yāṇṭu - Iru-patt’ iraṇ-ā - vatu -

-

- tiru - - - - - k - kaṭai-muṭi - mahā - tēva - rkku ka - cci-pē - ṭṭu tiṇṭi - śvari - k=ku Ātit - taṉ· - num - can·ti - ranṉum - Uḷḷa - - - - - vum tiṅkaḷ tō - ṟu nāḷ Uvāvum ti - ru-v-uātiraiyum - tirukkeṭṭaiyum - - - - - Im-mūṉṟu - nāḷu - m pālum - neyyum - tayirum - Āṭa vai - tta pacu - pattu -

-

- Ivai - pal - māye - śvara - rakṣaai -

-

- Ivai kā - ppāṉ - p pāta - n talai - mēlaṉa - -

- -
- -
- - - - - muṭi - muṭi - - - - °v-uātiraiyum - °v-ātiraiyum - - - - - -
- - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Twenty second year of the victorious king Nṛpatuṅgavikramavarman -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -
- -
- - - -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 7, no. 521); text and summary in (IP n° 175); edited and translated by ; edited and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis, based on photos (up to line 25) and on previous editions (from line 26 onwards). - -

- - - - - - 317 - 521 - - - - - 494-495 - 175 - - - - - 306-308 - 6 - - - - - - - - - 27 - A/1901 - 300 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00176.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00176.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 978af11cf..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00176.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,231 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tirucceṉṉampūṇṭi, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅgavarman, year 22 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00176 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for the upkeep of a perpetual lamp. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaya - -niru-patou - ṅka-vaṉma - ṟku Irupa - tt’ iraṉ - ṭ-āvatu nāḷ - patiṉ oṉṟi - ṉāl -

-

- - - - koṇ - ṭa nāṭu - ṭaiya - veṭṭu - vati - yarai - yar ti - ru-k-kaṭai - muṭi mā - tēvar - kku non - tā viḷa - kk’ erip - pataṟku - kuṭutta - poṉ - - - - - paṉṉiru-kaḻa - ñcu -

-

- Itu paṉ - māyeśvarar i - rakṣai - - -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Twenty second year of the victorious king Nṛpatuṅgavarman -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -
- -
- - - -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 7, no. 522); text and summary in (IP n° 176); edited and translated by ; edited and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis, based on photos (up to line 25) and on previous editions (from line 26 onwards). - -

- - - - - - 317 - 522 - - - - - 496-497 - 176 - - - - - 308-310 - 7 - - - - - - - - - 27 - A/1901 - 301 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00177.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00177.xml deleted file mode 100644 index bc9e6f6d9..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00177.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,296 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tirucceṉṉampūṇṭi, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅgavarman, year 22 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00177 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for the upkeep of a perpetual lamp. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - svasti - śrī - - -

- kō-vi - caiya-nirupa- - touṅ - ka-vaṉ - vmaṟku - Irupat - t’ iraṇṭā - - - - - vatu - -

-

- tanu - nāyaṟṟu - veḷḷik - kiḻamai - peṟṟa tiru - kēṭṭai - - tirukkaṭai - muṭi mahā - tēvarkku - nicati U - - - - - ḻakku ney - yāl no - ntā viḷa - kku Eriya -

-

- - - - - śrī-kaṇṭa - purattu - peruñ-cēri - yar kai Uḻa - tārka ci [C]e - ṭṭu Aric[V] - ṇi ceri - yaṉ tiṇ - ṭiyūr kuṭu - tta poṉ - - - - - paṉ - niru - nra kaḻa - ñcu - - - viḷa - kku pa - l-mā - ye - sūra - rakṣai - -

- -
- -
- - - - - kēṭṭai - koṭṭai - kokēṭṭai - - - - Uḻa - vaḻi - - - - tārka ci [C]e - ci mi - - - - ṭṭu Aric[V] - ṭi rica - - - - ṇi ceri - ṇicai cila - - - - rakṣai - rakṣai - - - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Twenty-second year of the victorious king Nṛpatuṅgavarman.  -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -
- -
- -

The characterśrī extends to height of both lines.

- - -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 7, no. 528); text and summary in (IP n° 177); edited and translated by ; edited and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis, based on photos and on previous editions. - -

- - - - - - 320 - 528 - - - - - 498-500 - 177 - - - - - 310-312 - 8 - - - - - - - - - 27 - A/1901 - 303C - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00178.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00178.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 5341af142..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00178.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,215 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tirukkōṭikkāval, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅga, year 22 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00178 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for performing rituals - (hiraṇyagrbha and - tulābhāra). - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- Ituvummm oru paḻaṅ-kal paṭi -

-

- yāṇṭu Irupatt’ iraṇṭṭu -

-

- nṛpatouṅka-mahārājar deviyār viramahādeviyār hiraṇyagarbhamum tulāpāramum pukka poṉṉil tiru-k- koṭikāvil mahā - tta poṉ Aimpatiṉ kaḻañcu -

-

- Itaṉil Iru-patt’ aiṅ-kaḻañcu poṉṉiṉ palicaiyāl nicati Iru-nāḻi Ariciyum Oru piṭi neyyum taḷi Arccippār kai mahā - l nicati Uḻakku ney taḷi Aṟcippār kaiyyyilē no[ṉ>n]tā viḷakki[ṉu*]kku kuṭu[p*]pōm āṉōm tirukkoṭikā-v-āṉa kaṇṇamaṅkalattu sabhaiyōm -

-

- Itu paḻaṅ-kal paṭi -

-

- I - Ubhaiyogam illāmaiyil Atu tavintatu Itu muṭṭil paṉmāyeśvarar kaṭaikkūṭṭa-p peṟṟār -

- -
- -
- - - - - yāṇṭu Irupatt’ iraṇṭṭu - Irupattiraṇṭṭu - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- This also is a copy of an old stone. -

- -

- Twenty-second year. -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- This is the copy of the old stone. -

- -

- -

- -
- -
- -

This is a later copy of an original Pallava inscription.

-

Note on the king of the year.

-

This phrase pertains to the time of the copy.

-

notes: The inscription is built in at the right end.

- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 74); text and summary in (IP no. 178); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions and photos. -

- - - - - - 32 - 74 - - - - - 501-502 - 178 - - - - - - - - - - 8 - B/1930-31 - 38 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00179.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00179.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 09c97e32b..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00179.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,199 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruvaṭikai, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅgappōttarar, year 22 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00179 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for performing a ritual. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- nṛ - patouṅkap - pottaraiyar - kku yāṇṭu Iru - patt’ iraṇṭ-āvatu -

-

- viīramādeviyā - n vāḻum tula - vārmuṭi pakka - ponṉ tiruviīra - ṭṭāṉattu mahā - devarkku kuṭutta - poṉ Aimpatiṉ - kaḻañcu -

-

- Itiṟṟu - ḷ Irupatt’ aiṅ - kaḻañci - ta -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Twenty-second year of Nṛpatungappōttaraiyar. -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -
- -
- -

notes: The remaining lines are completely damaged.

- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 73); text and summary in (IP no. 179); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 31 - 73 - - - - - 502-503 - 179 - - - - - - - - - - 30 - B/1921 - 367 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00180.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00180.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 192db8dce..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00180.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,239 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Lālkuṭi, donation, time of Nṛpatuṇgavikramavaram, year 23 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00180 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold, after a land-sale, for providing food offerings and for the upkeep of a perpetual lamp. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vijaya-nirupatouṅka-vikkirama-parumarkku yāṇṭu 2 10 3-Āvatu -

-

- Iṭaiyāṟṟu nāṭṭu-t tiru-t-tava-t-tuṟai māahātē - varkku Iñn-nāṭṭu kavira-p-poṟkkaṭṭi-Ūr-Uṭaiyāṉ pūti kaṇṭaṉ Iravum pakalum Oru noṉtā-t tiru-viḷakku nicati Uri-y - neyiyāl caṉntirātittaval Erivataṟkku kuṭutta poṉ 3 10 kaḻañcum tēvar kōyil poṉ Irupatiṉ ka - ḻañcum Āka-p poṉ 5 10-tiṉ kaḻañcuṅ vaṭa-karai-maḻanāṭṭu kalāra-k-kūṟṟattu mikūṟṟu ciṟukavūr toḻunērvē - liyum toḻunēryum Eṅkaḷ kurukkaḷ Iṟaiyili-y-āka Eṟṟu-k koṇṭa pūmi Ōmañcaṉ tuvēti nakkaṉūra - ṉuṅ cāvāṉnti nārāyaṇa-mā-tēvaṉum nārāyaṇaṉ cēṉntaṉuṅ nārāyaṇaṉ ṉnakkaṉum Ivaṉaivōm ti - ru-t-tava-t-tuṟai mā-tēvar Iṭai Ippoṉ Aimpatiṉ ka[ḻa]ñcu poṉṉuṅ koṇṭu Eṅkaḷ kurukkaḷai-t - yoḻunērtirattu tēvarkkē Aṭṭiṉ pūmi Uḷppaṭa Ip-poṉṉukku viṟṟu kuṭutta toḻunērvēli-nilam-āva - tu -

-

- vaṭavūr nāṉ-mā-varaiyum muṉṟum āvum Itaṉ kiḻai nāṉ-mā-varaiyum Itaṉ kiḻaikkāṟ ceyum Ita - ṉ kiḻai mūṉṟum āvum Itaṉ kiḻai Arai-mā-vum Ākattaṭi Āṟiṉāl nilam vēliyum Illavaḷākamum to - ṭṭamum Akaiyāṟum puṉ-ceyum meṉ-ceyum toḻunērvēli-y-āvatu Uṭumpoṭi Āmai tavaḻṉntu E - ppērppaṭṭatum Uṉṉilam oḻiv’ iṉṟi Oru nontā viḷakkum ciṟukāṭṭi Oru tiru-v-amirtukkum-āka viṟṟu - In-nilam Iṟaiyum Eccōrum veṭṭiyum vētiṉaiyum ceṉṉīr vaeṭṭi Uṭpaṭṭa veṭṭi Eppērpaṭṭatum ce - yyātat-ākavum Ip-poṉ 5 10-tiṉ kaḻañcuṅ koṇṭu tiru-t-tava-t-tuṟai mā-tērvarkku Iṟaiyili-y-āka viṟṟu vi - lai-y-āvaṇañ ceytu kuṭuttōm -

-

- Oru nontā viḷakkiṉukkum Oru tiru-v-amirtukkum-āka viṟṟu niīrōṭ’ aṭṭi kuṭuttōm Ō - mañcaṉ tuvēti nakkaṉūraṉum cāvānti nārāyaṇaṉ mā-tēvaṉum nārāyaṇaṉ cēntaṉum nārāyaṇaṉ - nakkaṉum Ivaṉaivōm -

-

- Itaṟ tirampil Añ-ñAin-nūṟu kāṇam muṟppaṭa paṉ-māheśvararai taṇṭam iṭa Oṭṭi - ṉōm -

-

- Itu paṉ-māheśvara-rakṣai -

-

- Itu kāttāṉukku Āyutum śrīyum dharmamummm āyiṭuka . - tāka Oṭṭik kuṭuttōn teṅkaṅkuṭi sabhaiyōm -

-

- Itu pan-māheśvara-rakṣai -

- -
- -
- - - - - vaeṭṭi - vaṭṭi - vaēṭṭi - - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- 23rd year of the victorious king Nṛpatuṅkavikramavarman. 

- -

- -

- -

-

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- - -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 4, no. 531); text and summary in (IP no. 180); re-edited and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on published visual documentation (SII 4, plate VII). -

- - - - - - 172-173 - 531 - VII - - - - - - 505-507 - 180 - - - - - - - - - 17 - B/1892 - 84 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00181.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00181.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 9244775ed..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00181.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,384 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Guḍimallam, Parameśurāmeśvara temple, stele, time of Nṛpatuṅga, year 24 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00181 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold (?) for the upkeep of perpetual lamps (?). - - - -

Partly ruled on the face A.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file on the repository - - - - - - -
- - - - - - svasti śrī - - -

- nṛpatuṅ - kaṟku yāṇ - ṭu Irupattu-nā - l-āvatu -

- -

- sakala - jagat-trayābhi - vandita-surāsurā - dhiīśa-parameśva - ra-pratihārīkṛta - śrī-mahābali - kulotdbhava - śrī-vāṇa-vi - jdyādhara-mahā - bali-vāṇa - rāyar vaṭuka - - - - vaḻiyiṉ mēṟku pripṛthivi-rājyañ ceyya-t tiruvēṅkaṭa-k - -kōṭṭattu-c cilai-nāṭṭu-t tiru-viṟppirampēṭṭu sabhai - - - - rkka - m viṇ - tavaṉār - nariyuḻā - ṉātēya - poṉ ko - ti Oru vi - iraṇ - yummo - ṉayyum - m ōrum o - yum peyu - ṅka -

- -

- I-p-parui - cu licata muṭṭāmē - ṟpaṭu-y ēttuvō - m āṉōm sabhai - yōm -

- -

- I-p-parui - cu Ātittaṉu - ñ cantiraṉu - mmm uḷḷaḷavu - m Uṭuvōm ā - ṉōm -

- -

- I-p-pa - ruicu muṭṭiṉāru - - - - vadhim Ivaṉ Uttamaṉ dharmmam āva - tiru-viṟppirampēṭṭu sabheaiyēōm -

- -

- Id-dha - mmam rakṣittāṉ pādam Eṉ talai mēl -

- -
- -
- - - - - svasti śrī - svasti śrī - - - - nṛpatuṅ - kaṟku - nṛpatuṅ - kaṟku - - - - °sakala° - °sa°kala - - - - °trayābhi - vandita° - °trayābhi - vandita° - - - - °dhiīśa° - °dhīśa° - - - - °vi - jdyādhara° - °vi - jyādhara° - : The secondary ā is added to the y at the bottom. - - - - m viṇ - m viṇ - - - - tavaṉār - tavaṉār - - - - ṉātēya - ḷa tēya - - - - poṉ ko - poṉ - - - - yummo - yummo - - - - yum peyu - yum yu - - - - ṅka - ka - - - - mē - ṟpaṭu - mē - ṟpaṭu - - - - ēttuvō - m - ēttuvō - m - - - - sabhai - yōm - sabhai - yōm - - - - Ipparui - cu - Ipparu - - - - - Ātittaṉu - ñ - Ātittaṉu - ñ - - - - uḷḷaḷavu - m - uḷḷaḷavu - m - - - - Ippa - ruicu - Ippa - rucu - - - - mēl - mēla - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Twenty-fourth year of Nṛpatuṅga. -

- -

- While the glorious Vāṇavidyādhara-mahābali-vāṇarāya, born in the lineage of the glorious Mahābali who was made the door-keeper (of/by) ParameśvaraThat is, Śiva., the lord of gods and demons worshipped in all the three worlds, was making the rule of the earth west of Vaṭukavaḻi, the members of the assembly of Tiruviṟpirampēṭu in the Cilaināṭu in the Tiruvēṅkaṭakkōṭṭam -

- -

- In this manner, we have become those who will -

- -

- In this manner, we have become those who will as long as the sun and the moon. 

- -

- In this manner, we, he members of the assembly of Tiruviṟpirampēṭu. - -

- -

- The feet of he who protects this pious act are on my head. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-First partly edited and translated into English in (lines 1-17 only); re-edited and partly translated into English in (EI 11, no. 22C), with facsimile; text and summary in (IP no. 181); re-edited and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on published visual documentation and photographs (2019; partial coverage: lines 14-15, end of lines 16-17, end of lines 41-43 underground), kindly provided by Valérie Gillet. -

- - - - - - C - 111 - - - - C - 226-227 - - - - 181 - 508-510 - - - - - - - - 22 - A/1903 - 228 - - -
- - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00182.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00182.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 020c449a8..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00182.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,192 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Pēraṇakkāvūr, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅgadeva, year 24 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00182 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of land for providing food offerings? - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya - nraṛpatouṅka-pō - tta-tēvaṟku yā - ṇṭu Irupattu nālṅ - k-āvatu -

- -

- -kkā-p - puramu ka ce - ñṉūr - ṭṭa-tēva - yōm - ceṟu - v-vūr - vatā - ṉa It-tiru-v-amutu - -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Twenty-fourth year of the victorious king Nṛpatuṅgadeva -

- -

- -

- -
- -
- - -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 77); text and summary in (IP no. 182); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 33 - 77 - - - - - 511 - 182 - - - - - - - - - - 33 - B/1923 - 414 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00183.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00183.xml deleted file mode 100644 index a5f75b9f2..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00183.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,188 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Putuppākkam, donation, time of [...]pōttaraiyar, year 24 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00183 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of land after purchase? - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- p-pōttaraiyarkku yāṇṭ’ iru-pattu nā - ṇkāvatuyiṟ-kōṭṭattu mēṟpaḷukūr-nāṭṭu nal - y āḷum kaṇattāruḷ cūnṉṟūr civa-nanti - vūrkku bhaṭṭa-virṛtti-y-āka iru-nūṟṟu-k kaḻañ - cu ponnṉṉāl vanta nilam Eppoērppaṭṭa Iṟai - m ānṉōm - -

- -
- -
- - - - - nā - ṇkāvatu - nā - - - - - - kaḻañ - cu - kaḻañ - - - - - -
- -
- -

- -

- -

- Twenty-fourth year of ppōttairaiyar. -

- -

- -

- -
- -
- -

Note on the identification of the king.

- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 76); text and summary in (IP no. 183); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 33 - 76 - - - - - 512 - 183 - - - - - - - - - - 67 - C/1923 - 60 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00184.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00184.xml deleted file mode 100644 index c2db9b4f6..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00184.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,209 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tirukkōṭikkāval, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅgavikramavarman, year 24 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00184 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for the upkeep of a perpetual lamp. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - -

- Ituvummm oru paḻaṅ kal paṭi -

-

- kō-vicaya - -nṛpatouṅka-vikrama-panmaṟku yāṇṭu Irupattu nāl-āvatu -

-

- tiru-k-kōṭikāvil mahādevarkku non=tā viḷakkiṉukku koṇṭanāṭuṭaiya veṭṭuvati Araiyaṉ-āṉa mallaṉ veṅkaṭavaṉ kuṭutta poṉ patiṉ aiṅ-kaḻañcu -

-

- Ip-ponṉ koṇṭu Itaṉ palicaiyāl nāl u - ḻakkum piḻaiyānāḻikkiḻ muḻaiyāl nicati Uḻakku ney taḷi Arccippāṟku kuṇantu Aḷantu kuṭuppōmmm āṉō[mmm ācantira-kālamum aḷan=tu kuṭuppōm āṉom nāraṇakka-c-caturveti-maṅkalattu sabhaiyōm -

-

- Itu paḻaaiya kal paṭi -

-

- I - nta śrī-vimānattile Ēṟa veṭṭinamaiyil muṉṉivājagam veṭṭi-k kiṭanta taṉi-k-kallāl Ubhaiyōkam illāmaiyāl Atu taviṉn=tatu -

-

- Itu muṭṭil paṉ-māyeśvarar kaṭai kūṭṭa peṟṟār - -

- -
- -
- - - - - peṟṟār - peṟṟār - There is possibly a character engraved after peṟṟā, which looks like a Grantha ra. - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- This also is the copy of an old stone. -

- -

- Twenty-fourth year of the victorious king Nṛpatuṅgavikramavarman. 

- -

- -

- -

- ThisThat is, what precedes. is the copy of the old stone. -

- -

- -

- -

- -
- -

Later copy of an original Pallava inscription.

- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 78); text and summary in (IP no. 184); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions and photos. -

- - - - - - 33-34 - 78 - - - - - 513-514 - 184 - - - - - - - - - - 77 - B/1930-1931 - 7 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00185.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00185.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 70925bc70..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00185.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,217 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tirumukkūṭal, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅgavikramavarman, year 24 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00185 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for the upkeep of a perpetual lamp. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - -

- kō-vi - caiya-nṛpatouṅka-vi - kkirama-parumarkku yāṇṭu Iru - pattu nāl-āvatu -

-

- kāṭupaṭṭi - muttaraiyar makaṉār Ari - kaṇṭaperumāṉārkku Ūṟṟu - k-kāṭṭu-k-kōṭṭattu ciyapu - rattu sabhaiyōmmm oṭ - ṭi-k kuṭutta paric-āvatu -

-

- tiru-mu - k-kūṭal viṣṇubhaṭārarkku nuon=tā - viḷakk’ erippataṟku Eṅka - ḷ kaiyilṟ ṟanta poṉ - mu-p-patiṉ kaḻañciṉā - lum poli-y-ūṭṭu Āṇṭu - varai-y kaḻañciṉ vāy - muūṉṟu mañcāṭi poṉ - Āyaṉpaṭiyāl nāṟ-ka - ḻañc-araiyālum Ēṟilu - ñ curuṅkiluṅ kaḻañcu - k=ku nāṟ-patiṉṉ nāḻi-p paṭi E - ṇṇai nūṟṟ’ eṇ-patiṉ nā - ḻiyālum Iravum pakalu - - -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Twenty-fourth year of the victorious king Nṛpatuṅgavikramavarman. 

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 75); text and summary in (IP no. 185); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions and photos. -

- - - - - - 32-33 - 78 - - - - - 515-516 - 185 - - - - - 85-86 - 102 - - - - - - - - - - - 16 - B/1915 - 179 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00186.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00186.xml deleted file mode 100644 index e6c6760f5..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00186.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,182 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kāvērippākkam, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅgavikramavarman, year 25 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00186 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for supplying oil. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - -

- kō-vicaiya-nirupatouṅka-vikkirama-panmarkku yāṇṭu Irupatt’ aint-āvatu -

-

- - m-ākiya Avani-nārāyaṇa-c-catiurvēti-maṅkalattu sabhaiyōm - āka maṭattu caṭṭa-p-peru-makkaḷukku maṭattu Uḻakk’ eṇṇaikku vēṇṭum - kar Āḷvāṉ nicati Uḻakk’ eṇṇaiyu kal Ivar pakkal poṉ koṇ - Ivv-āṇṭu cilālekai ceyti Ip-paṇiyāl ivv-āṭṭai - yati uḻakk’ eṇṇaiyum Ūr Āḷvāṉē Aṭṭuva cilālēkai ceytu kuṭuttōm - -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Twenty-fifth year of the victorious king Nṛpatuṅgavikramavarman. 

- -

- -

- -
- -
-

notes: The inscription is damaged in the middle and is built in at the right and left ends.

-
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 79); text and summary in (IP no. 186); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. Lost portions supplied compared to ’s edition. -

- - - - - - 34 - 79 - - - - - 517 - 186 - - - - - - - - - - 25 - B/1905 - 397 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00187.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00187.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 38d9ac54a..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00187.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,148 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Uttiramērūr, time of Nṛpatuṅgavarman, year 25 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00187 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Unfinished inscription. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - -

- nṛpa-touṅkaṟku yāṇṭu Iru-pattu AyAint-āvatu -

-
- -
- -
-

Prosperity! Fortune!

-

Twenty-fifth year of Nṛpatuṅga.

-
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 6, no. 366); text and summary in (IP no. 187); re-edited and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs (2019). -

- - - - - - 169 - 366 - - - - 518 - 187 - - - - - - - - - 18 - B/1898 - 81 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00188.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00188.xml deleted file mode 100644 index f5ea4447b..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00188.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,162 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Āmpūr, time of Nṛpatuṅgavikramavarman, year 26 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00188 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Hero-stone in honour of Caṉaṉ. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - -
- - - śrī - -

- kō-vicaiya-niru - patouṅka-vikkirama-paru - markku yāṇṭ’ iru-patt’ ārāva - tu -

-

- paṭuvūr-k-kōṭṭattu mē - l-aṭaiyaāṟu-nāṭṭu Āmaiyūr - mēl nuḷampaṉ paṭai-y - vantu toṟu-k koḷḷa piru - ti-kaṅkaraiyar cēvakar peruna - kar-akara-k koṇṭa-k kāviti Akalaṅkat - tuvarāyar makaṉ caṉaṉ taḷarā vīḻntu paṭṭāṉ -

-
- -
- -
-

Prosperity!!

-

Twenty-sixth year of the victorious king Nṛpatuṅgavikramavarman.

-

When the Nuḷampaṉ came with his army upon Āmaiyūr, in the Mēlaṭaiyārunāṭu in the Paṭuvūrkkōṭṭam, and seized cattle, Caṉaṉ, the son of Akalaṅkattuvarāyar, a kāviti of , a servant of Pirutikaṅkaraiyar, fought relentlessly taḷarā, fell and died.

-
- -
-

Note on kāviti.

-

Note on paṭṭāṉ. : This word is written below the line.

- -
- -
- -

- Edited and translated in (EI 4, no. 23A); text and summary in (IP no. 188); re-edited and translated here by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on the previous editions. -

- - - - - - 182-183 - - - - 519 - 188 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00189.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00189.xml deleted file mode 100644 index bcc41bf93..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00189.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,159 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Āmpūr, time of - Nṛpatuṅgavikramavarman, year 26 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00189 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Hero-stone in honour of Kaliyirāmaṉ. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-niru - patoṅka-vikkirama-pa - rumarkku yāṇṭ’ iru-pa - tt’ āṟ-āvatu -

-

- paṭuvū - r-k-kōṭṭattu mēl-a - ṭaiyāṟu-nāṭṭu Āmaiyūr - mēl nuḷampaṉ paṭai-y - vantu toṟu-k koḷḷa piruti-ka - ṅkaraiyar cēvakar Akalaṅkattu - varāyar marukaṉ māciḻu - ṉi vētaṉ kaliyirāmaṉ paṭṭāṉ - -

-
- -
- -
-

Twenty-sixth year of the victorious king Nṛpatuṅgavikramavarman.

-

When the Nuḷampaṉ came with his army upon Āmaiyūr, in the Mēlaṭaiyārunāṭu in the Paṭuvūrkkōṭṭam, and seized cattle, Kaliyirāṁaṉ, a hunter , the nephew of Akalaṅkattuvarāyar, a servant of Pirutikaṅkaraiyar, died.

-
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited and translated in (EI 4, no. 23B); text and summary in (IP no. 188); re-edited and translated here by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on the previous editions. -

- - - - - - 183 - - - - 520 - 189 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00190.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00190.xml deleted file mode 100644 index a6a9b2f6d..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00190.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,238 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Uttiramērūr, sale-deed, time of Nṛpatuṅgavarman, year 26 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00190 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - -

- kō-vicaeaiya-nṛpatuṁka-vikramava-r·mmaṟku yāṇṭu Irupattāṟāvatu -

-

- kā - liyūr-k-kōṭṭattu-t taṉ kūṟṟ’ uttaramēru-c-caturvvetimaṁkalattu sabhaiyōm - nila-vileai Āvaṇa-k-kai-Ekai-y-eḻuttu -

-

- muttaraaiyar-nāṭṭu mī-kūṟṟu viḷā-nāṭṭu-k kūkūr-k kū - kūr vicaaiyanalluḷāṉ kāṭavatiyāṉ-ākiya pūti-tīraṉukku Emm-ūr-t teṉ-paṭākai - p peruṅ-kōṭṭ’ ēri-k kīḻ āṭalam pūṇṭi-t teṟku-k kūṟiṭātē kiṭanta kīḻ-p-pūṇṭiyum -

- -
- -
- - - - - °vicaeaiya° - °vicaya° - - - - °nṛpatuṁka° - °nṛpatuṁka° - - - - °caturvvetimaṁkalattu - °caturvvetimaṅkalattu - - - - sabhaiyōm - sabhaiyōm - The kāl of -ō is lost, but not the kompu. - - - - °vileai - vila - Note the special form of ai in lai. See regular ai in kai same line. nile could as well be considered an unstandard usage for nilai, like vicaya/viceya for vicaiya. - - - - muttaraaiyar-nāṭṭu - muttarayā nāṭṭu - This might just be a typo for missing puḷḷi. - - - - kūkūr-k kūkūr - kūkūraka kūkūr - These might just be typos for missing puḷḷis. - - - - vicaaiyanalluḷāṉ - vicayanalluḻāṉ - - - - kāṭavatiyāṉ-ākiya - kāṭavatiyarayaṉākiya - - - - pūti - pūti - - - - kīḻ āṭalam - kīḻ āṭalam - - - - -
- -
-

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

-

- Twenty-sixth year of the victorious king Nṛpatuṅgavikramavarman. 

-

- Hand-written kai-y-eḻuttu document āvaṇam for the price of a land nila-vilai, that is, sale-deed by We, the members of the assembly sabhaiyōm of Uttaramērucaturvedimaṅgalam in the Kāliyūrkkōṭṭam and the division of the same name taṉ kūṟṟuThat is, literally, “in the division of itself”.. -

-

- In Kūkūr, in the Viḷānāṭu, in the western division mīkūṟṟu, in the Muttaraiyarnāṭu, to Pūti Tīraṉ alias Vicaiyanalluḷāṉ Kāṭavati of Kūkūr, the whole of Kīlppūṇṭi literally, “the eastern village/hamlet”, which lies fallow kiṭanta without being ... kūṟiṭātē, in the southern hamlet paṭākai of our village, east of the Peruṅkōṭu lake, south of Āṭalam Pūṇṭi -

-
- -
-

Incomplete/Unfinished inscription.

-

End of lines 2-3 covered by later construction (stairs’ string wall). Thus encoded as supplied, lost.

-

What western division? That of KāliyūrK or of Viḷa-ṇāṭu?

-

Check Subbarayalu, Geography, and add reference and discussion: Viḷānaṭu = mīkūṟu of KāliyūrK.

-
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 6, no. 368); text and summary in (IP no. 190); re-edited and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs (2019). -

- - - - - - 169 - 368 - - - - 521 - 190 - - - - - - - - - 18 - B/1898 - 83 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00191.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00191.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 2f2b08211..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00191.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,197 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Piḷḷaippākkam, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅgavikramavarman, year 2[.] - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00191 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of land for food offerings. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- nṛpatuṅka-vikkirama-parumaṟku yāṇṭu Irupa vatu -

- -

- piḷḷai-p-pākkattu-p piḷḷai-p-pākkiḻār piyārkku-t dharmmam-āka mahādevarkku nāṭ - pōṉakaṅ kāṭṭuvataṟku Ivar tampiyār Ayyakkuṭṭiyār kuṭutta nilam -

- -

- puṟampāṭṭilē Āṟu mā nilam Ittēvarai vaḻipaṭum tiru-p-pācūraṉukkum mutti Ip-paricu kāṭṭa-k kuṭuttēṉ -

- -

- Ip-paricu muṭṭil UnaE taṇṭa-p-pa - ṭuvānṉṉ ākavum -

- - -
- -
- - - - - UnaE - - This symbol probably stands for some money value. - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Twenty-[...]th year of Nṛpatuṅgavikramavarman. 

- -

For presenting food […] to the Mahādeva as a pious donation for (the sake of) Piḷḷaipākkiḻār [Nam?]pi of Piḷḷaippākkam, the land that Ayyakkuṭṭiyār, his younger brother gave. - -

- -

I gave in this matter six mās of land in Puṟampāṭu […] to the honourable Pācūraṉ who worships this god. - -

- -

In this matter, if opposing/failing, let he be fined (an amount of) […]. - -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 80); text and summary in (IP no. 191); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 34 - 80 - - - - - 523 - 191 - - - - - - - - - - 19 - B/1929-30 - 172 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00192.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00192.xml deleted file mode 100644 index f9e99c984..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00192.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,199 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Accaravākkam, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅgavarman, year lost - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00192 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of land after purchase for worship offerings (arcanābhoga). - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - śrī - - -

- nṛpatuṅka-parmmarkku yāṇṭu - -

- -

- caṅkaṉ viṟṟu-k-koṇṭu Arccaṉā-pōkañ - ceyta nilam viraṉ ceṟuvuṅ kaḻuvaluṅ - koṭumāṭiyuṅ kāḻiyum-āka Eṇ - ṇūṟu kuḻiyum Agatti śrī-t-tēvar - k=ku-k= kuṭutta dharmmam· rakṣippār aṭi E - ṉ ṟalai mēlaṉa - -

- -

- Ivai vilaiyum oṟṟi - yuñ cellā - -

- - -
- - - -
- -

- Fortune! -

- -

- [...] year of Nṛpatuṅgavarman. 

- -

The land that Caṅkaṉ made, after purchase, as arcanābhoga, that is, eight hundred kuḻis comprising the plots named Vīraṉ Ceṟuvu, Kaḻuval, Koṭumāṭi and Kāḻi, that is, the pious donation given for Akatti Śrītēvar, the feet of he who protects it are on my feet. - -

- -

These cannot go into sale or mortgage. - -

- -

In this matter, if opposing/failing, let he be fined (an amount of) […]. - -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

Edited in (SII 12.83).

-

Text and summary in (IP 192).

-

Encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions.

- - - - - - 35 - 83 - - - - - 524 - 191 - - - - - - - - - 16 - B/1933-34 - 108 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00193.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00193.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 74cd283f0..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00193.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,208 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Piḷḷaippākkam, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅga, year lost - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00193 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of land for the upkeep of a perpetual lamp. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- nṛpanṛpatouṅkarkku yāṇṭu -

- -

- purattu-p pātiri-kiḻār ciṅkaṉ mahahādevarkku viCai --c ceṟuvu eḻu māvuṅ kuṭuttēṉ -

- -

- tiru cantdrātittavar tiru-nandā viḷakku kāṭṭuvōm āṉōm -

- -

- Id-dharmam· rakṣippōm Ūrōm -

- -

- Itu muṭṭi -

- -
- -
- - - - - muṭṭi - The inscription stops here. - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- [...]th year of Nṛpatuṅga. -

- -

- I, Pātirikiḻār Ciṅkaṉ of [...]puram, have given seven mās of field [...] - -

- -

- We have become those who will present a glorious perpetual lamp, as long as the moon and the sun, to [...]. - -

- - -

- We, the villagers, will protect this pious act. - -

- -

- This, if opposing/failing, […]This lacunose sentence appears to state what happens in case of default. - -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 81), described there as ARIE/1929-1930/B/1929-30/172-A, that is, ARIE/1929-1930/B/1929-30/172 was wrongly attributed to 2 inscriptions, the other being DHARMA_INSPallava00193; text and summary in (IP no. 193); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 35 - 81 - - - - - 524 - 192 - - - - - - - - - - 19 - B/1929-30 - 172 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00194.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00194.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 72796bb61..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00194.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,266 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tirucceṉṉampūṇṭi, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅgavarman (?), year partially lost - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00194 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for the upkeep of a perpetual lamp. - - - -

The puḷḷi is used.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - -
- - - - - - -

- - - - - - - raṇ·ṭ-āvatu -

-

- tiru-k·-kaṭai-mu - ṭi mātēvark·=ku no - n·tā viḷak·=ku Eri - p·pataṟk·=ku vicai - yā-purattu ni - laṅ kuṟaru - - - - - ṉmāheccurar I - lakkai-y-āka E - rippār āṉār -

-

Itu - koṇṭu Ila - kkittāṉ aṭi eṉ ṟa - lai melatu -

-

- paṉ-maāheccurar pati - ṉ eṇṇṇ-ā - - - - - yiravaru - m mey - kāppā - rum ciri-ka - ṇṭa-pu - rattu - vāriya - r paṉṉi - ruvarum - kaṇṭa - varicai - poṉ - paṉ - ṉiru ka - - - - - ḻañcu kuṭu - ttatu . -

- -
- -
- - - - mātēvark·=ku - mātēvark=ku - The conjuct k=ku appears to have a puḷḷi on the first k. See alsot the further occurrences of this conjuct k=ku in the inscription. - - - - kuṟaru - kuṟar co - - - - °māheccurar - °māhecurar - - - - Ila - kkittāṉ - Ila - ccittāṉ - - - - paṉ-maāheccurar - paṉmāheccirar - - - - -
- - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- 18th year of Nṛpatuṅgavarman -

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -
- -
- -

In fact possiby two different inscriptions: inscription 1 from lines 1 to 7 (continuing on the middle octagonal portion of pillar 1? ) and inscription 2 from lines 7 to 31. Note that the original ARIE number has been expanded with letters, which means split into several inscriptions what was first perceive as one single record on the spot.

-

considers that there is one line between our lines 7 and 8. This is made necessary to connect the text between our lines 7 and 8. This is not warranted on the photos of the original and it substantiates the hypotheses that we have here in fact two discrete inscriptions.

-

On the date attribution to the reign of Nṛpatuṅgavarman, see

- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 7, no. 527); text and summary in (IP n° 194); edited and translated by ; edited and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis, based on photos (except for lines 24-25) and on previous editions. - -

- - - - - - 319-320 - 527 - - - - - 526-527 - 194 - - - - - check - check - - - - - - - - - 27 - A/1901 - 300B - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00195.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00195.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 963a3cd05..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00195.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,186 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Uttiramērūr, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅgavarman, year unknown - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00195 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - -

- kō-vicaiya-nṛpatuṅ·ka-vik·kirama-vammaṟ·ku yāṇ·ṭu -

-

- kārāṇai kāṭavati-y-araiyar iṭai-p piramatēyam· peṟ·ṟa bhārādvāja - Iru-k-kāl-āvatum Ik-kāṭavati-y-areaiyaṉ-ākiya pūti tīraṉukku Im-mēṟ-collapaṭta -

- -
- -
- - - - - °vammaṟ·ku - °varmmaṟ·ku - - - - yāṇ·ṭu - yāṇ·ṭu - - - - bhārādvāja - bhāradvāja - - - - tīraṉukku - tiraṉukku - - - - Im-mēṟ-collapaṭta - Im-mēṟ-co - - - - -
- -
-

Prosperity! Fortune!

-

year of the victorious king Nṛpatuṅgavikramavarman.

-

the land named Kāṟāṇai, from iṭai the Kāṭavati king, the Bhāradvāja Brahmin who obtained a brahmadeya

-

two quarters iru-k-kāl-āvatu, to Pūti Tīran alias this Kāṭavati king, this above-mentioned im-mēṟ-collapaṭta

-
- -
-

Incomplete inscription. End of lines covered by later construction (stairs’ string wall).

-
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 6, no. 367); text and summary in (IP no. 195); re-edited and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs (2019). -

- - - - - - 169 - 367 - - - - 528 - 195 - - - - - - - - - 18 - B/1898 - 82 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00196.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00196.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 31eb45b13..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00196.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,240 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Poṟpantal, donation, time of Kampavarman, year 2 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00196 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of a crop share to an individual for the upkeep of the village tank. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kampa - varmmamaṟku - yāṇṭu Ira- - ṇṭ-āvatu -

- -

- ka - ḷattūr-k-kō - ṭṭattu-k kuṟumpu - ṟai-nāṭṭu-p poṟ - pontai Ūrōm -

- -

- Emmuūr va - liyāṇaikku - Emmuūr malai - veḷḷa-p-pe - ruṅ-kuḷattukku - pūttōṟum pa - ṭṭiyāl oru kāṭi - nel Ērikku dharmmam-ā - ka viṟṟu-k kuṭuttō - m -

- -

- itaṟṟ’ iṟampiṉō - m dharmmāsaṉatti - lē-y - veṟu I - ru-pattu - nālu ta - ṇṭa-p paṭu - vōm āṉō - m -

- -

- kaccip - pēṭ’ aḻittā - ṉ pāvam paṭu - vōm āṉom - kuṭātōm -

- -

- It-ta - ṉmam irakṣittār aṭi - eṉ ṟallai mēla - ṉa -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Second year of Kampavarman. 

- -

- We, the villagers of Porpontai in the Kuṟumpuraināṭu in the Kaḷattūrkkōṭṭam. -

- -

- To Valiyāṇai of our village, for the great tank of Malaiveḷḷam, we have given, after purchase, as a pious act, one kāṭi of paddy per paṭṭi. -

- -

- We who [...], we have become those who incur a fine of twenty-four kāṇamsSee the similar formula at the end of IP 200, where kāṇam is found. at the dharmāsana. -

- -

- We who [...], we have become those who incur the sin of he who destroys Kaccippēṭu. -

- -

- The feet of he who protects this pious act are on my head. -

- -
- -
- - -
- -
- -

Edited in (SII 12, no. 97); text and summary in (IP no. 196); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions.

- - - - - - 43-44 - 97 - - - - - 529-530 - 196 - - - - - - - - - - 32 - B/1923 - 402 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00197.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00197.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 0357a99d5..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00197.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,180 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kāvērippākkam, donation, time of Kampavarman, year 6 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00197 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-kampa-varmmaṟkiu yāṇṭ’ āṟ-āvatu -

- -

- paṭuvūr-k-kōṭṭattu-k kāva - patiṉ kaḻañcu poṉṉukkum Emmuūr śrī-malaiyañci kumāra-kramavittaṉ - ṉuṭaṉ Iru-nūṟṟu nāṟ-patt’ oṉpatāṉāḷ mutal-āka Emmuūr Ūrāṭci - -

- -
- -
- - - - - Ūrāṭci - This inscription is highly damaged and it is built in at the right end. - - - - -
- -
- -

- Fortune! -

- -

- Sixth year of Kampavarman. 

- -

- In the Paṭuvūrkkōṭṭam [...] for ten kaḻañcu of gold, Śrī-malaiyañ Śrī-Kumārakramavittaṉ [...] starting on the two-hundred fourty-ninth day, the village administration [...] -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 98); text and summary in (IP no. 197); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 44 - 98 - - - - - 531 - 197 - - - - - - - - - - 25 - B/1905 - 398 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00198.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00198.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 9d9594a2b..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00198.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,201 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Cāttamaṅkalam (4) - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00198 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - -

- kampa-paṉmaṟku yāṇ - ṭ-āṟ-āvatu -

-

- kāṭakati-y-araiyar ma - ṇavāṭṭi mātavi-y it-tiru-k-kō - yil putukki muka-maṇṭakam e - ṭuppittu pāḻi putukki yak - kā-paṭāri tiru-k-kōyilll eṭu - ppittu Ip-paḷḷikk’ iṭṭa - peru-maṇi Oṉṟu Ūṭṭuvittāḷ -

- -
- -
- - - - - - kāṭakatīyaṉayar - kāṭakati-y-araiyar - kāṭakati-y-araiyar - - - - - māntavi - mātavi-y - mātavi-y - - - - - It-tirukkōyil - it-tirukkōyil - it-tirukkōyil - - - - - yakkāpaṭṭāri-t - yakkā-paṭāri - yakkā-paṭāri - - - - -
- -
- -

Prosperity! Fortune!

-

Sixth year of Kampavarman.

-

Mātavi, the wife of Kāṭakati-y-araiyar, after renovating this glorious temple, having a front hall erected, renovating the monastery (pāḻi), and having a glorious temple of Yakṣa-Bhaṭṭāri erected, had one big bell fed ūṭṭuvittāḷ,i.e. gave one big bell to be given iṭṭa to this paḷḷi.

- -
- -
- -
- -
-

The term pāḻi is polysemic. Several of its meanings, according to the MTL could apply here: temple, hermitage; cave, mountain cavern; sleeping place for human beings; small tank; flight of steps leading into a tank. IP: cavern. Sampath fn6: “Pali is a term, known in all the Jaina Literature, and means a ‘temple’ or sometimes ‘monastery’.”

-

The term paḷḷi appears to be used here in the sense of the entire Jaina cultic place.

-
- -
- -

-Edited in ; re-edited by ; text and summary in (IP no. 198); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 159 - - - - 125 - - - - 532 - 74 - - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00199.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00199.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 82f2acbb1..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00199.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,291 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Uttiramērūr, Vaikuṇṭhaperumāḷ, larger platform, southern base, time of - Kampavarman, year 6 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00199 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding - template v03 - Creation of the file on the - repository - - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - -

- kō-vicaai‡ya-kampa-varmmaṟku yāṇṭ’ āṟ-āvatu -

-

- kāliyūr-k-kōṭṭatt‡u taṉ kūṟṟ’ uttaramēru-caturvvedi-maṅkalattu sabhaiyōmmm eḻuttu -

-

- Emmuūr śrī-govarddhaṉatt‡u mahāviṣṇukkkaḷukku Arccaṉā-bhogam-āka viṣṇu-c-cēri-p piṇikki-p-puṟattu śrī-datta-kramavittaṉ tāṉ-uṭaiya paṅkum - Iraṇṭām pāṭaka-niīk‡kiya maṉaiyum śravaṇaiyum uḷḷiṭṭa Ōru paṅkum I‡t-tēvarkkē keśava-c-cēri kurava-śrī-viṣṇu-c-caturvvedi-bhaṭṭar Arccaṉā-bhogam-āka-k kuṭutta mutaṟ kuṭum‡piṭṭu-t talai-p pāṭakam śrī-dhara-vāykkāliṉ kar‡ai Iru-nūṟṟu nāṟpatu kuḻiyum Ip-bhūmi It-taṉaiyum Arccaṉā-⌈bhogam -

-

- śrī-govarddhaṉat‡tu perumāṉaṭikaḻukku Oru nandāviḷakkum ciṟu‡kālai Oru tiru-v-amirtuṅ kāṭṭi Ārādhitt’ uṇ=ṇa Uṭaiyaṉ-āka mēlūr-k-kōṭṭattu mēlūr ‡ vaikhānasaṉ śrī-dhara-bhaṭṭaṉ makaṉ tām‡ōtira-paṭṭaṉukku nām niīroṭu Āṭṭi Ivaṉ-uṭaiya Anvayam-ē-y u - - ṇ=ṇa Uṭaiyaṉ-āka‡-k kuṭutta Iv-arccaṉā-bhogam-āyiṉa Ip-bhūmiyāl vanta Eppērppaṭṭa Iṟaiyuṅ kāṭṭu-k kuṭuppōm āka ivaṉ pakkal po‡ṉ koṇṭōm -

-

I-bhūmiyāl vanta Ep‡pērppaṭṭa Iṟaiyuṅ kāṭṭa-p peṟātōm āṉōm mēl-col - -lappaṭṭa Utta‡ramēru-c-caturvvedi-maṅkalattu sabhaiyōm

-

sa‡bhaiy iruntu paṇippa likhittēnṉ Ut=tarameru-p-perun-taccaṉ-ēṉ

-

- – ‡ – kurukṣetrattu dha‡rmmam Iṟakkināṉai sabhaiyōmēy Irupatt’ aiṅ-kaḻañcu ponṉ maṉṟuvom āṉom -

- -
-
- - - - - svasti śrī - svasti śrī - - - - °vicaai‡ya° - °vicaya° - - - - °kōṭṭatt‡u - °kōṭṭattu - - - - Emmuūr - Emmūr - - - - Arccaṉā-bhogam-āka - Arccaṉā-bhogam-āka - - - - tāṉ-uṭaiya - tāṉuṭaiya - - - - paṅkum - paṅkum - - - - °niīk‡kiya - °nikkiya - - - - °caturvvedi° - °caturvvedi° - - - - °vāykkāliṉ - °vākkāliṉ - - - - kar‡ai - karai - - - - Arccaṉā-⌈bhogam - Arccaṉā-⌈bhogam - - - - Āṭṭi - Aṭṭi - - - - Anvayam-ē-y u - Anvayam-ē-y yu - - - - peṟātōm - peṟātōm - - - - Ut=tarameru-p-perun-taccaṉ-ēṉ - Utarameru-p-perun-taccaṉ-ēṉ - - - - kurukṣetrattu - kurukṣetrattu - - - - dha‡rmmam - dharma - - - - -
- -
-

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

-

- Sixth year of the victorious king Kampavarman. 

-

- Writ/Writings of us, the members of the assembly of Uttaramerucaturvedimaṅgala in the Kāliyūrkkōṭṭam and in the same division. 

-

- For the honourable Mahāviṣṇu of the glorious Govardhana in our village, as arcanābhoga: of the glorious Dattakramavitta of Piṇikkipuṟam in Viṣṇu-cēri, one share of his tāṉ-uṭaiya paṅkum, less the second plot iraṇṭām pāṭaka nīkkiya and one share comprising uḷḷiṭṭa the house-plots maṉaiyum and the Śravaṇā śravaṇaiyum mutaṟ kuṭumpiṭṭu, the principal plot talai-p pāṭakam, which Keśava-cēri Kurava-śrī-viṣṇu-caturvedi-bhaṭṭa gave, for this god, as arcanā-bhoga, that is, two hundred fourty kuḻis on the bank of the Śrīdhara canal; that much it-taṉai of this land is meant as arcanābhoga. -

-

- For the Perumāṉaṭikaḷ of the glorious Govardhana, so that ― for feeding uṇṇa him, worshipping ārādhittu and offering kāṭṭi one perpetual lamp nandāviḷakkum and one glorious amṛta that is, food offering at early dawn ciṟu-kālai ― we give and provide kāṭṭu-k kuṭuppōm the entire taxes, of whatsoever kind, that come vanta through this land which is this arcanābhoga iv-arccaṉā-bhogam-āyiṉa that we nām have conferred kuṭutta, bathing his hands with water nīroṭu āṭṭi, to Dāmodira-bhaṭṭa, son of the glorious Vaikhānasa Dharabhaṭṭa of Mēlūr in Mēlūr-k-kōṭṭam, as owner uṭaiyaṉ-āka, so that his lineage anvayam, as owner uṭaiyaṉ-āka, also feeds the god in this way, so that we do all the above, we have received gold from him. -

-

- We, the members of the assembly of Uttaramerucaturvedimaṅgala, above-mentioned, will not perceive kāṭṭa-p peṟātōm āṉōm, literally “we have become those who have not obtained to provide” the entire taxes, of whatsoever kind, that come through this land. -

-

- While, sitting in assembly, they that is, the members of the assembly so ordered, I, the great carpenter of Uttarameru, wrote this. -

-

- He who destroys iṟakkināṉai this pious act dharma performed in Kurukṣetra, We, the members of the assembly, will fine maṉṟuvōm āṉōm, literally “we have become those who fine” him twenty-five kaḻañcus of gold. -

- -
- -
-

niīroṭu Āṭṭi. Gift ritual.

-

Ivaṉ-uṭaiya Anvayam-ē-y uṇ=ṇa. This means the transaction (land assignment) is hereditary.

-

The text engraved after the space left blank, from kurukṣetrattu onwards, is less deeply engraved and appears to have been added later. This seems confirmed by the hyphen "–" used right after perun-taccaṉ-ēṉ (indicating there that there is an addition) and right before kurukṣetrattu (indicating there the beginning of the addition).

- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 6, no. 347); text and summary in Mahalingam (IP no. 199); re-edited for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), from autopsy and photographs (2019). -

- - - - - - 162 - 347 - - - - - 533-534 - 199 - - - - - - - - 18 - B/1898 - 64 - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00200.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00200.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 04ee460a9..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00200.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,212 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruvoṟṟiyūr, donation, time of Kampavarman, year 7 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00200 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for the upkeep of a perpetual lamp. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kampa-varmmaṟku yāṇ - ṭ’ ēḻ-āvatu - -

- -

- tiru-v-oṟṟiyūr-p-puṟattu maṇali sabhaiyōṅ kai-y - Eḻuttu - -

- -

- mayilārppil iṟaiyāṉ cēri vēmpaṉ kuṇuṅkaṉ ammaṉ - tiru-v-oṟṟiyūr mahādevarkku-t tiru-viḷakkiṉukku vaitta poṉṉṉ ūr-kaṟ ce - mmai patiṉ aiṅ-kaḻañcu poṉ koṇṭu kaṭavōm -

- -

- ip-poṉṉāl kaḻañ - ciṉ vāy muūṉṟu mañcāṭi-p palicai-y-āka-y ivv-āṭṭai Aippaci mutal āṟāṟu tiṅ - kaḷiṟ kaḻañcē Araikkāṟ poṉ ṟiru-v-oṟṟiyūr-āṇikiḻē koṇṭu - kuṭuppōm āṉōm -

- -

- ip-poṉ kaṭai-k-kūṭṭa-vantāṟku nicati Iraṇṭu - cōṟu kuṭuppōm āṉom -

- -

- itaṟṟ’ iṟampil dharmmāsanattu nicati Eṭṭ-arai kāṇam - taṇṭa-p-paṭuvōm āṉōm -

- - -
- -
- - - - - poṉṉṉ - poṉṉ - - - - -
- -
- -

- Seventh year of Kampavarman. 

- -

- Handwriting of the members of the assembly of Maṇali, a hamlet of Tiruvoṟṟiyūr. -

- -

- The gold that Vēmpaṉ Kuṇuṅkaṉ Ammaṉ of Iṟaiyāṉ Cēri in Mayilārppu gave for a glorious for the Mahādeva of Tiruvoṟṟiyūr, that is, fifteen kaḻañcus of gold ..., we are bound to take it. -

- -

With this gold, we have become those who will ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- If failing, we have become those who will incur a fine of eight and a half kāṇams, daily, at the dharmāsana. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 99); text and summary in (IP no. 200); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 44-45 - 99 - - - - - 535-536 - 200 - - - - - - - - - - 26 - B/1912 - 189 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00202.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00202.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 30351847c..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00202.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,184 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tā-Veḷūr, hero-stone, time of Kampavarman, year 8 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00202 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Hero-stone commemorating the death of Kāḷamaṉ. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-kampaparumaṟku yāṇṭ’ eṭṭ-āvatu -

- -

- vayiramēka-vāṇa-kō-v-araiyar āḷat - takaṭūr-nāṭṭu-p pākāṟṟūr-k katava-mātēvaṉ makaṉ kāḷamaṉ - mīykoṉṟai-nāṭṭu mēlvēḷūr Iruntu-vāḻā-ninra kālattu - muruṅkai-cēri nattata ṉṟamaiyaṉār makaḷai-k- - kaḷḷar piṭik ttūran koṇṭeyya - Avaḷai viṭuvittu-t tāṉ paṭṭāṉ kāḷamaṉ -

- -
- -
- - - - - āḷat - āḷt - āḷat - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Eight year of the victorious king Kampavarman. 

- -

- ... -

- - -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 99); text and summary in (IP no. 202); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 84 - 18 - - - - - 539 - 202 - - - - - - - - - - 12 - B/1933-34 - 68 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00203.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00203.xml deleted file mode 100644 index e1b347a31..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00203.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,205 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Uttiramērūr, Vaikuṇṭhaperumāḷ, larger platform, western base, time of - Kampavarman, year 8 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00203 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding - template v03 - Creation of the file on the - repository - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - -

- kō-vicaiya-kampa-varmmarkku yāṇṭu Eṭṭāvatu -

-

- kaliyūṟk‡kōṭṭattu taṉ kuṟṟ’ uttaramēru-c-cat‡urvveti-maṅkalattu sabhaiyōm eḻuttu -

-

- Emmuūr yaāḷuṅ kaṇattār-uḷ -Emmuūr-t teṉ-piṭākai-p puliyūr mahādevarkku kumuḻūr Agni‡-citta-sarvva-kratukkaḷ kuravvva-śariśrī-‡naraciṅka-caturvvedi-c-cōmāciyār paṅkiṉ vaḻi viṟṟu-k-koṇṭ-uṭaaiya Ira -ṇṭu pāṭakamum Ivv-agni-citta-sarvva-kṛkratukkaḷ pakkal dravya‡ṅ koṇṭu Iraṇṭu pāṭakattā‡lum vanta Iṟai Eppērpaṭṭatum kāttu kuṭuppōm āṉōm -sabhaiyōm -

-

- sabhaiyār paṇippa Eḻutiṉēṉ śrī-pāṭaka-p-perun-ta‡ccaṉ muḷḷūraṉ-ēṉ . -

- -
-
- - - - - Emmuūr-t - Emmūr-t - - - - °sarvva-kratukkaḷ - °sarvva-kratukkaḷ - - - - °caturvvedi° - °caturvvedi° - - - - °sarvva-kṛkratukkaḷ - °sarvva-kṛtukkaḷ - - - - śrī-pāṭaka-p-perun-ta‡ccaṉ - śrī-pāṭaka-p-perun-taccaṉ - - - -
- -
-

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

-

- Eighth year of the victorious king Kampavarman. 

-

- Writ/Writings of Us, the members of the assembly of Uttaramerucaturvedimaṅgala in the Kāliyūrkkōṭṭam and in the same division. 

-

- The honourable Agnicittasarvakratu of Kumuḻūr, one among the governing delegates āluṅ kaṇattar-uḷ of our village, having sold viṟṟu-k- koṇṭu two plots owned by him uṭaiya Iraṇṭu pāṭakamum, for the Mahādeva of Puliyūr in the southern hamlet piṭākai in our village, from a share of the glorious master kurava-śrī- and honourable Narasiṁhacaturvediccōmāci, with koṇṭu the wealth dravya from this honourable Agnicittasarvakratu, we have become those who will give and secure kāttu the taxes, of whatsoever kind, that come through these two plots, We, the members of the assembly. -

-

- As the members of the assembly have ordered, I, Muḷḷūraṉ, the great carpenter of the glorious Pāṭakam, wrote this. -

- -
- -
-

kuravva-śari, that is, kurava-śrī. IP: Kuravaśrī = placename.

- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 6, no. 285); text and summary in (IP no. 203); re-edited and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), from autopsy and photographs (2019). -

- - - - - - 144 - 285 - - - - - 540 - 203 - - - - - - - - 16 - B/1898 - 3 - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00204.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00204.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 518af6e66..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00204.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,220 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Uttiramērūr, donation, time of Kampavarman, year 8 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00204 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - -
- - svastī śrī - -

- kō-vīcaiyakampavīkkīramavarmmarkku yāṇṭu Eṭṭ-āvātu -

-

- mēṟkūr-nāṭṭu Ati-Araiyamaṅkalattu Arayantaipramāṇiyēṉ nāṉ Uttaramēruccaturvvetimaṅkalattu - vāmanaccēri Eṭuppitta maṇṭapattu mahāviṣṇukkaḷ Irunta perumāṉaṭikaḷukku nāṉ Arccanābhogam-āka-k kuṭutta nilam maticūtaṉa-c-cēri-k koṟuttalai-k koṇṭaya-kramavittar pa - kkal Ūriṉ ṟeṟku parameśvara-vatiyiṉ mēṟku Oṉpatāṅ kaṇṇāṟṟu mutaṟ catukkattu viṟṟu-k-koṇṭ-uṭaiya pāṭakam Iraṇṭiṉaṟ kuḻi nāṉūṟṟ-eṇpatu kuḻiyum Ic-catukkattē tiru - nāraṇaccēri-k kārampiccēṭṭu-c civatāmōtira-c-caturvvetiyār uḷḷiṭṭār pakkal viṟṟu-k-koṇṭ-uṭaiya pāṭakam Oṉṟiṉāl Iru-nūṟṟu-nāṟpatu kuḻiyum Ic-catukkattē vāmaṉaccēri-c ci - ṟupuḷḷuvaṉ tōmaṇiccaturvvetiyār makaṉ kecuvakramavittaṉ pakkal viṟṟu-k-koṇṭ-uṭaiya pāṭakam Oṉṟiṉāl Iru-nūṟṟu-nāṟpatu kuḻiyum-āka nālu pāṭakattālum-āka-t toḷḷā - yirattaṟupatu kuḻiyum Ivvur śrīgovarddhaṉattu vaikhānasan‧ śrīdharabhaṭṭaṉ makaṉ tāmōtirapaṭṭa[ṉ*] pūrvvāhṇatt’ oru tiruvamirtum nāyaṟupāṭu Oru viḷakkum iṭṭu-t tēvar muṉpu pala-kaṇiyum aḻivunīkki-t tēvaraiyum putukka śrīgovarddhaṉat=tu vaikhānasan ātrayaṉ - putuk‧ka vēṇṭu nāḷ putukki Ipparicu Ārādhittu Uṇpāṉāka Udakatāraiyāl peṟṟ-uṭaiya tāmōtirapaṭṭaṉ-uṭaiya puttirapautrādikaḷukke Uritt-āka Uṇṇa-k kuṭuttēn mēṟ-colla-p-paṭṭa piramāṇiyeṉ Uttaramēruccatturvvetimaṅkalattu sabhaiyōm eḻuttu I - piramāṇi kuṭutta tevadānattukku vaikhānasan‧ śrīdharabhaṭṭaṉ makaṉ tāmōtirabhaṭṭaṉ pakkal Eppērppaṭṭa Iṟaikkum poṉ Aṟakkoṇṭu Iṟaiyili-y-āka paṇittu-k kuṭuttōm mahāsabhaiyōm sabhai paṇippa Eḻutinēṉ śrīpuruṣa-Ācāryyanēṉ . -

- - - - -
- -
- - - - - yāṇṭu - yāṇṭu - - - - kārampiccēṭṭu-c - kārāmpiccēṭṭu-c - - - - Iru-nūṟṟu-nāṟpatu - Iru-nūṟṟu-nāṟpatu - - - - vāmaṉaccēri-c - vāmaṉaccēri-c - - - - ciṟupuḷḷuvaṉ - ciṟupuḷḷuvaṉ - - - - kecuvakramavittaṉ - kecuvakravittaṉ - kecuvakramavittaṉ - - - - Oṉṟiṉāl - Oṉṟiṉāl - - - - putukka - putukka - - - - Udakatāraiyāl - Udakatāraiyāl - - - - Uttaramēruccatturvvetimaṅkalattu - Uttaramēruccatturvvetimaṅkalattu - - - - sabhaiyōm eḻuttu - sabhaiyōm eḻuttu - - - - -
- -
- - -
- -
- -

-Edited in with facsimile (SII 6, no. 287); text and summary in (IP no. 204); re-edited and first (?) translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on photographs (2019). -

- - - - - - 145 - 287 - - - - 204 - 541-542 - - - - - - - - - 16 - B/1898 - 5 - - - - -
- - - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00205.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00205.xml deleted file mode 100644 index ca005ad12..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00205.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,236 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Uttiramērūr, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅgavarman, year unknown - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00205 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - -

kō-vicaieya-kampa-vikkirama-parumarkku yāṇṭu Eṭṭavātu

-

- Uttaramēru-caturvvetimaṅkalattu sabhaiyōm Eḻuttu

-

- Emm-ūr śrī-kōvarddhaṉattu mahāviṣṇu - kkaḷukku Arccanā-bhogam-āka kuṭutta bhūmi -

-

- Emm-ūr malliyaṉ kārāṇai madhyamam āy-k kiṭanta bhūmiyil Araiyar taḷikku kuṭutta bhūmiyiṉ teṟku malliya - ṉ kārāṇai Ēri-karai-y-iṉ· kiḻakku kuḻi vanta-v āṟṟāl Āyiratt’ iru-nūṟu kuḻi-y-um śrī-govarddhaṉattu mahāviṣṇukkaḷukku Arccanā-bhogam-āka kuṭuttōm -

-

- Ivv-arccanā-bhogam arccittu-k koṇṭ’ uṇpānn āka Emm-ūr vaikhānasan‧ śrī-dhara-bhaṭṭan‧ makaṉ tāmōtiara-bhaṭṭanṉukku putra-poautrikam‧ Upāsitt’ u - ṇ·ṇa Uṭaiyanṉ-āka kuṭuttōm -

-

Ivv-āyiratt’ iru-nūṟu kuḻi-y-um Iṟaiyiliy-āka-p paṇittu kuṭuttōm -

-

śrī-govarddhaṉattu natānanta-vaṉam-um - tāmōtiara-paṭ·ṭanṉ-ē pū-maram uḷ·ḷiṭ·ṭa payaṉ-maram-um Iṭṭu-k koṇṭu Arccitt’ uṇ·pānṉ āka kuṭuttōm· Ut=tarameru-caturvvedi-maṅkalattu sabhaiyōm· -

-

- sabhaiyār· paṇip·pa Eḻutinēn· śrī-puruṣa-Ācāriryyan-ēnṉ· . -

- -
- -
- - - - - °vicaieya° - °vicaiya° - - - - malliyaṉ - malliyaṉ - The letter ya is nowadays partially lost, due, presumably, to a damage later than when edited the inscription. - - - - kuṭuttōm - kuṭuttōm - The letter m is nowadays entirely lost, due, presumably, to a damage later than when edited the inscription. - - - - vaikhānasan‧ - vaikhānasan‧ - - - - uṇpānn āka - uṇpan āka - The letter ka is nowadays entirely lost, due, presumably, to a damage later than when edited the inscription. - - - - Upāsitt’ u - Upāsitt’ u - The letter t is nowadays partially lost, due, presumably, to a damage later than when edited the inscription. - - - - natānanta-vaṉam-um - nantāvaṉamum - The MTL records nantā-vaṉam as a colloquial form of nanta-vaṉam, "flower garden especially attached to a temple". - - - - °caturvvedi° - °caturvveti° - The letter t in tu is nowadays partially lost, due, presumably, to a damage later than when edited the inscription. - - - - -
- -
- -

Prosperity! Fortune!

- -

Eighth year of the victorious king Kampavikramavarman.

- -

Writ of We, the members of the assembly of Uttaramerucaturvedimaṅgala.

- -

For the honourable Mahāviṣṇu of the glorious Govardhana of our village, there is a land given as arcanā-bhoga.

- -

We have given as arcanā-bhoga for the honourable Mahāviṣṇu of the glorious Govardhana one thousand two hundred kuḻis entirely -um, through what comes, in our village, as kuḻi kuḻi vanta-v āṟṟ-āl, literally “by the way kuḻis have come”, south of the land given for the temple of Araiyar in the land that lies uncultivated kiṭanta in the middle of the land named Malliyāṉ Kārāṇai and east of the tank of the land named Malliyāṉ Kārāṇai.

- -

This arcanā-bhoga for the Lord to feed when worshipping him upāsitt’, i.e. upācitt’, uṇṇa uṭaiyaṉ-āka, We have given it to i.e. in the care of) Dāmodara-bhaṭṭa, son of the glorious Vaikhānasa Dāmodara-bhaṭṭa of our village, and to his sons and grandsons putra-pautrikam, i.e. hereditarily so as to feed the Lord when worshipping him.

- -

We have given these one thousand two hundred kuḻis entirely -um, declaring paṇittu them as tax-free.

- -

We, the members of the assembly of Uttaramerucaturvedimaṅgala, have given a garden of delight nanta-vaṉam, i.e. Skt. nanda-vana with iṭṭu-k koṇṭu the fruit-bearing trees payaṉ-maram, including the flower-bearing trees, so that Dāmodara-bhaṭṭa feed the Lord when worshipping him.

-

I, the glorious Puruṣa Ācārya, have written this, at the order of the members of the assembly sabhaiyār paṇippa, literally “as the members of the assembly ordered me"

-
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 6, no. 288); text and summary in (IP no. 205); re-edited and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs (2019). -

- - - - - - 148 - 288 - - - - 543-544 - 205 - - - - - - - - - 16 - B/1898 - 6 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00206.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00206.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 248897434..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00206.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,261 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Uttiramērūr, sale-deed, time of Kampavarman, year 8 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00206 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - -

- kō-vica>aiya-kampa-vikkrikirama-parumarkku yāṇṭu Eṭṭ-āvatu -

-

- kāliyūr-k-kōṭṭattu taṉ kūṟṟu Uttaramēru-c-caturvveti-maṅkalattu sabhaiyōm nila-vilai-y āvaṇa-k kai-yyy-eḻuttu -

-

- Emm-uūr-k kaṟikai-k-kuṭṭattiṉ cuṟṟum - kōliṭu niīkki Ik-kōliṭṭ-ōṭum y-aṭaiya Arai-k-kōl Akalattāl Ivvv-ēri-karaiyiṉ vaḷaiyil cuṟṟum mañcikkam-āy iṉ-nilam ivvv-ērikkē bahirbhūmi-y ākavum maṭam eṭukka-vēṇṭu-nilamum ivvvūr y-āḷum - -ṅ kaṇattārar-uḷ-k kuravaciri rāmadeva-bhaṭṭaṉum Ivaṉ ṟṟṟampi nandiśvara-bhaṭṭaṉummm ivaṉ ṟṟṟampi kuṇḍha-bhaṭṭaṉummm immm-muūvarkkum Ivvv-ēri-c cuṟṟu Arai-k-kōl nilamum immmmuūvar pakkalum vilai-k-kāṇaṅ kai-c cella-k koṇṭu vīiṟṟu-k kuṭut - tōm sabhaiyōm -

-

- Iru-k-kāl-āvatum viṟṟuu-k kuṭuttōm sabhaiyōm -

-

- mu-k-kāl-āvatum viṟṟuu-k kuṭuttōm sabhaiyōm -

-

- Itu-v-ē poruḷaḷ māvaṟiti Ōlai-y-āka Oṭṭi-k kuṭuttōm sabhaiyōm -

-

- Ik-kaṟikai-kuṭṭattu Ēri-karai-y-il maṇ-k koṇṭāraiyu - m I-kk-kaṟikai-k-kuṭṭatiṉ-c cuṟṟum avvv-ērikkē bahirbhūmi-y-āka koṇṭa nilam cuṭṭi mēl-colla-paṭṭa kuravaciri rāmadeva-bhaṭṭaṉaiyum Ivaṉ ṟampimāraiyum muūvaraiyum nilam cuṭṭiṉaṉ pōla paṭṭa-sāmantuk kuṭuvitttōm āṉōm sabhaiyō - m -

-

- Ik-karaiyil muḷkkkuttiṉāraiyum vaiyiramēka-taṭākattukkē veṭṭi mutal-āka Aiñ-kaḻañcu poṉ muūlappaṭṭṭāraaiyarē taṇṭippār āka Oṭṭii-k kuṭuttōm sabhaiyōm -

-

- Ik-kaṟikai-kuṭṭattu nīr-viṭṭār grāma-kaṇṭakar āka paṇittōm sabhaiyōm -

- -
- -
- - - - - °vikkrikirama° - °vikkrirama° - - - - y-aṭaiya - Aṭaiya - - - - bahirbhūmi-y - bahirbūmi-y - - - - kaṇattārar-uḷ-k - kaṇattār-uḷ-k - The alternative reading kaṇattār aruḷa-k ("as the delegates rule/order") is possible, but does not make much sense in the context. Moreover, the phrase kaṇaṭṭār-uḷ ("among the delegates") is ubiquitous in the epigraphical corpus of the Vaikuṇṭhaperumāḷ temple at Uttiramērūr. - - - - vilai-k-kāṇaṅ - vilai-k-kāṇaṅ - - - - vīiṟṟu - viṟṟu - - - - poruḷaḷ - poruḷ - - - - muūlappaṭṭṭāraaiyarē - mulappaṭṭārayairē - - - - grāma-kaṇṭakar - grāma-kaṇṭakar - - - - paṇittōm - paṇittōm - - - - sabhaiyōm - sabhaiyōm - The letter yō is partly covered by the adjacent perpendicular base element. Only the kompu and left part or ya are visible. - - - - -
- -
- -

Prosperity! Fortune!

- -

Eighth year of the victorious king Kampavikramavarman.

- -

Handwritten writ document for the sale of a land i.e. sale-deed by We, the members of the assembly of Uttaramērucaturvedimaṅgala in Kāliyūrkkōṭṭam, in the division of the same name.

- -

We, the members of the assembly ― so that, after exclusion nīkki of the land measuring one rod kōliṭu surrounding the tank named Kārikai-k-kuṭṭam in our village, there be ākavum outside earth bahirbhūmi for this tank on this land, which is mañcikkam mañcikkam āy surrounding in circle, on the banks of this tank ivv-ēri-karaiyiṉ vaḷaiyil cuṟṟum, by the width/extent akalattāl of half a rod adjacent/so as to obtain aṭaiya, literally “so as to reach” this single rod ik-kōliṭṭōṭum ― have given for sale viṟṟu-k koṭuttōm a land necessary for building a maṭam maṭam eṭukka-vēṇṭu nilamum and a land of a half a rod surrounding this lake Ivv-ēri-c cuṟṟu arai-k-kōl nilamum, to Kuravaciri Rāmadeva-bhaṭṭa, his younger brother Nandīśvara-bhaṭṭa, and his younger brother Kuṇḍha-bhaṭṭa, who are among the governing delegates āluṅ kaṇattār-uḷ of this village to these three im-mūvarkkum, after/having received from hand to hand kai-c cella, literally “while it went in hand” the gold for the price vilai-k-kāṇam of these lands from these three above-mentioned individuals mūvarkkum.

- -

We, the members of the assembly, have given for sale that which is two quarters iru-k-kāl-āvatum among these lands.

- -

We, the members of the assembly, have given for sale three quarters mu-k-kāl-āvatum among these lands.

- -

We, the members of the assembly, have solemnly given this itu-v-ē as a … poru[ḷā>ḷ] māvaṟiti written leaf ōlai-y-āka.

- -

We, the members of the assembly, have had the title-deed given paṭṭa-sāmantu-k koṭuvitttōm āṉōm, literally “we have become those who had the title-deed given”, with details as pōla the above-mentioned Kuravaciri Rāmadeva-bhaṭṭa and his younger brothers, the three of them mūvaraiyum, pointed out cuṭṭi(ṉa/ṉ), after pointing out cuṭṭi the land got as bahirbhūmi bahirbhūmi-y-āka koṇṭa nilam cuṭṭi for that tank avvērikkē which surrounds cuṟṟum … maṇ koṇṭāraiyum in this Kāṟikaikkuṭṭam tank ik-kaṟikai-k-kuṭṭatiṉ on the tank-banks ēri-karai-y-il of this this Kāṟikaikkuṭṭam tank.

- -

Let the members of the MP mūlappa[ṭ/ṭṭ]ārayarē be those who fine those who dig muḷ((k))kuttiṉāraiyum in these banks with five kaḻañcu of gold as capital veṭṭi mutal-āka for the Vajramegha tank vaiyiramēkata-ṭākattukkē. Thus have We, the members of the assembly, solemnly given oṭṭi kuṭuttōm, but paṇittōm was probably meant

- -

Let those who draw/let out water nīrviṭṭār in/from this Karikai-kuṭṭam be considered enemies of/traitors to the village grāma-kaṇṭakar. Thus have We, the members of the assembly, declared/ordered.

-
- -
-

bahirbhūmi

-

IP considers only on land has been sold. There are two lands sold, we infer: one for the maṭam, one for the lake.

-
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 6, no. 370); text and summary in (IP no. 206); re-edited and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs (2019). -

- - - - - - 170 - 370 - - - - 545-546 - 206 - - - - - - - - - 18 - B/1898 - 85 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00207.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00207.xml deleted file mode 100644 index fd8ead233..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00207.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,250 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruvoṟṟiyūr, donation, time of Kampavarman, year 9 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00207 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for the upkeep of two perpetual lamps. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-kampa-vikkirama-pa - ṟmaṟku yāṇṭ’ oṉpat-āvatu -

- -

- cōḻanāṭṭ’ intaḷūr - nāṭṭu-k kañcanūr-k kañcanūrāṉ amarniti-AIāyi - ṉa pallavati-y-araiyar tiru-v-oṟṟiyūr mahāde - varkku Oru nantā viḷakk’ erippataṟku vaicctt a poṉ Ū - r-kaṟ cemmai mu-p-patiṉ kaḻañcum puliyūr-k-kōṭṭa - ttu-k kalmāy-nāṭṭu puḷimāṟṟu m-uṭaiyāṉ - tiru-v-oṟṟiyūr mahādevaṟkku oru nantā viḷakk’ erippa - taṟku vaicctta poṉ Ūr-k kaṟ cemmai mu-p-patiṉ kaḻañcu - m āka -

- -

- Iv-Aṟupatiṉ kaḻañcu poṉṉuṅ koṇṭu - m puḻaṟ-kōṭṭattu nāyaṟunāṭṭu-p pūtūrilum - m Iv-Aṟupatiṉ kaḻañcu poṉṉālum kaḻañci - ṉ-vāy muūṉṟu mañcāṭi-p poṉ palicai-Āka Ā - ṇṭu-varai Oṉpatiṉ kaḻañcu poṉṉ-Āka Ivv-ā - ṭṭai tiru-mutal-āka Aṟ-āṟu tiṅkaṇāḷāl nāṟ-ka - ḻañc’ arai ponṉṉum tiru-v-oṟṟiyūr āṇi-k kiḻai - koṇṭu ceṉṟu tiruviḷakku neykku Iṭa-k kutuppō - m āṉōm -

- -

- t-tanmam - - ṭaraikaḷōm -

- -

- Ip-paṭi Oṭṭi-k kuṭuttōm - - muṉpu ni - ṉṟum puḷḷi-k-kuttuvikka-p peṟātōm āṉom - - It - -taṇṭa-p-paṭṭum Ivv-ōlai mēṟ-p-paṭṭa palicai va - ḻuvāmē celuttuvōm āṉōm - - Ip-poṉ kaṭai-k - -kūṭṭa-vantāṟku nicati nālu cōṟu kuṭuppōm āṉōm - - Ip-poṉ Āṭṭai nāḷāl policai - - kuṭuppō - m āṉōm -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Ninth year of the victorious king Kampavikramavarman. 

- -

- The gold that Pallavatiyaraiyar alias Amarniti, an ūraṉ of Kañcanūr in Kañcanūr in the Intaḷūrnāṭu in the Cōḻanāṭu has given for the lighting of a perpetual lamp for the Mahādeva of Tiruvoṟṟiyūr: thirty kaḻañcus of fine gold measured against the village-stone; -

-

- the gold that ... has given for the lighting of a perpetual lamp for the Mahādeva of Tiruvoṟṟiyūr: thirty kaḻañcus of fine gold measured against the village-stone; while there are āka such donations. -

- -

- Taking these sixty kaḻañcus of gold ... we have become we who will give ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- In this manner ... we have given. 

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

-

- ... -

-

- ... -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 100); text and summary in (IP no. 207); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 45 - 100 - - - - - 547-548 - 207 - - - - - - - - - - 26 - B/1912 - 188 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00208.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00208.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 9a871bee4..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00208.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,230 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Uttiramērūr, Vaikuṇṭhaperumāḷ, larger platform, western base, time of - Kampavarman, year 9 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00208 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file on the - repository - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - -

- kō-vicaiya-kampa-parumaṟku yāṇṭu Oṉpat-āvatu -

-

- kālīi‡yūr-k-kōṭṭattu taṉ kūṟṟu Uttiramēru-catiurvetima‡ṅkalattu sabhaiyōm - ceyta vyayavasthai-y -

-

- Emmūur mēṟkku niṉṟum n‡ālān teruvu telkil aṅkāṭikkēy Urḻuva‡ppukka vaḻiyiṉ mēṟ - kum ātaṇimaṅkalaviti teṉ-ciṟakil kiḻakkaṭaiya‡p peruṅkuṟi-y sabhaiyōm mutal-āy nā‡lu maṉaiyyyilum kiḻa - kkaṭaiya Oru maṉai-yyy Añ-kōlll-uḷḷa maṉaiyyyil ‡ telkil aṅkāṭi-c caṭṭi makaṉ pu‡liyaṉukku viṟṟu ki - ḻakkaṭaiya nālu kōlum niīkki-y ‡ niṉṟa Oru kōlum Itiṉ Ōṭai-y Aṭai‡nta mēlai-y mūuṉṟu maṉaiyumu Icca - ṭṭi makaṉ puliyaṉukku viṟṟa nāl k‡ōlukkum maṟutalai-y Āka kurava-ciri Irāma-tēva‡-bhaṭṭar pakkal Im-maṉaikaḷ Oṭum - Aṭaiya vilaikku koṇṭa Oru m‡aṉaiyum Āy In-nālē-y Oru kōl maṉai‡yum Ivaiy sabhaiyōmukkē-y - vēṇṭuvaṉa Ātaṉamaiy‡yy‡il Im-maṉaikaḷ Ārum viṟkavum piṟa‡rkku paṇikkavum peṟātār ākavum -

-

- Itu viṟ - pitu Ātal paṇippitu Ātal ceytār graāma-kāryyayam piḻa‡yikka ceytār Āvār Ākavum -

-

- Ik-kiḻakkaṭaiya nāl kōl viṟṟu mēṟkkaṭaiya nāl kōl vilaikku koṇṭatu Im-maṉaikaḷukkē‡-y Iraṣkṣai-y-āka vēṇṭum -

-

- Ip-paricu viyavasthai-y paṇittōm sa - bhaiyōm -

-

- paṇippa Eḻutiṉēṉ tiruvaṭikaḷ . -

- -
- -
- - - - - Urḻuva‡ppukka - Uruvappukka - - - - maṉai-yyy - maṉaiy - - - - maṉaiyumu - maṉaiyum - - - - graāma-kāryyayam - graāma-kāryyayam - - - - viyavasthai-y - vyavasthai-y - - - -
- -
-

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

-

- Ninth year of the victorious king Kampavarman. 

-

- Regulation vyavasthā that We, the members of the assembly of Uttiramērucaturvedimaṅgala, in the Kāliyūrkkōṭṭam and the division of the same name, have made. -

-

- TO BE ADDED! -

-

- He who does whether the sale of this or orders to sell it will be considered one who does harm the village management grāmakārya. -

-

- TO BE ADDED! -

-

- In this wise, have we ordered/declared, We, the members of the assembly. -

- -

- As they that is, the members of the assembly ordered, I, Tiruvaṭikaḷ, wrote this. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 6, no. 290); text and summary in Mahalingam (IP no. 208); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), from autopsy and photographs (2019). -

- - - - - - 146-147 - 290 - - - - - 549-550 - 208 - - - - - - - - 16 - B/1898 - 7 - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00209.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00209.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 029477344..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00209.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,178 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Mēlpaṭṭi, hero-stone, time of Kampavikramavarman, year 10 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00209 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Hero-stone commemorating the death of Perunakar koṇṭa Kāviti. - - - -

The medial vowels i and ī are interchangeable.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-kampa-vikkirama-parumaṟku yā - ṇṭu patt-āvatu -

- -

- paṭuvūr-k-kōṭṭattu mīyaāṟu-nāṭṭu-k kā - vaṉṉūr piruti-kaṅkaraiyar taṇṭu nikka vāṇa - raiyar paṭaivar perunakar-k koṇṭa-k kāvaiti netirttu - v aniyar - Eṟittu - paṭṭār -

-
- -
- - - - - kāvaiti - kāvati - - - - -
- -
- -

- Tenth year of the victorious king Kampavikramavarman. 

- -

- When the army of Pirutikaṅkaraiyar was stationed nikkaThat is, nīkka? in Kāvaṉṉūr in the Mīyārunāṭu in the Paṭuvūrkkōṭṭam, Perunakar koṇṭa KāvitiThat is, “the minister who took Perunakar”., a soldier of VāṇaraiyarThat is, “the Bāṇa king”., having ... fell. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in with facsimile and English translation (EI 23, no. 22); text and summary in (IP no. 209); revised here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions and published facsimile. -

- - - - - - - - - - 551 - 209 - - - - - - - - - - 74 - C/1921 - 171 - - - - - 46 - 101 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00210.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00210.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 13f2f7073..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00210.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,278 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Ukkal, time of Kampavarman, year 10 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00210 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of paddy to feed daily two Brahmins. - - - -

Akward and idiosyncrasic script.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - - -
- - - - svasti śrī - - -

- kampa-varmmaṟku yāṇṭu patt-āvatu -

- -

- Uṭkaṟ sabhaiyārkku caṭaiya - ṉ kuṭutta nel nā-ṉūṟṟu-k kāṭi -

- -

- In-neIlllāl-p poli-Ūy-ūṭṭu Āṇ - ṭu-varai nūṟṟu-k kāṭi nel palicaiyāl nicati Iruvar pirāma - ṇarai nilamum nāyaṟum Uḷḷa Aḷavum Ūṭṭuvōm āṉōm Uṭkal sabhaiyōm -

- -

- Iv - v-irunt’ ūṭṭu muṭṭil kaṅkeai-Iy-iṭai-k kumari-Iy-iṭai Eḻu-nūṟṟu-k kātatt’ ūuḷḷum ceytār ceyta pāvam paṭuvōm āṉōm sabhaiyōm -

- -
- -
- - - - - °varmmaṟku - varmmaṟku - - - - Uṭkaṟ - Uṭkaṟkku - rightly notes the the final ṟ has been added subsequently. It is indeed of smaller size and accommodated in the bottom part of the space between ka and sa. - - - - sabhaiyārkku - sabhaiyārkku - - - - In-neIlllāl - neIllāl - suggests to read Innellāl. - - - - nel - kol - suggests to read nel. The ne, of eccentric ductus, looks indeed like ko. - - - - nāyaṟum - nāyaṟum - - - - Aḷavum - Aḷavum - - - - Uṭkal - Uṭkal - - - - Iv - v-irunt’ ūṭṭu - Iv - viruntūṭṭu - notes that the n of virun appears to be corrected from ṉ. - - - - kaṅkeai - kaṅkeai - - - - kumari-Iy-iṭai - kumariyiṭai - - - - - kātatt’ ūuḷḷum - kātattūuḷḷum - - - - - paṭuvōm āṉōm - paṭuvōm āṉōm - - - - - -
- -
- -

Hail! Prosperity! In the tenth year of the reign of Kampavarman,——Caṭaiyaṉ gave four hundred kāṭis of paddy to the assembly of Uṭkal.

-

From the interestpoliūṭṭu is apparently the same as policaiyūṭṭu in Vol. II. Nos. 27, 28, 35 and 37. on this paddy, which amounts to one hundred kāṭi of paddy per year, we, the assembly of Uṭkal, shall feed two Brāhmaṇas daily, as long as the earth and the sun exist.

-

If we fail in this feeding of guests, we, the assembly, shall incur all the sins committed within the seven hundred kātamsCompare Ep. Ind. Vol. III. p. 284 ff., where a similar imprecation occurs. According to the Tamil dictionaries, a kātam corresponds to about 10 miles. Hence the expression ‘700 kātams’ appears to refer to the circumference of the whole of India between the Gaṅgā and Cape Comorin. The Chinese traveller Hiuen Tsiang also fixes the extent of the countries which he describes, by stating their circumference. between the Gaṅgā and Kumari.

- -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune!

- -

- Tenth year of Kampavarman.

- -

- The paddy that Caṭaiyaṉ gave to the members of the assembly of Uṭkal: four hundred kāṭis.

- -

- With this paddy, with the interest of it, that is with an interest of one hundred kāṭis per year, we, the members of the assembly of Uṭkal shall feed daily two Brahmins, as long as the moon and the sun.

- -

- If we fail to provide food to these guests we shall incur the sin that do those of do sin within the seven hundred kātams between the Ganges and Kumari.

- -
- - - -
- -

The same Caṭaiyaṉ is the donor of paddy for the upkeep of the tank at Uṭkal in DHARMA_INSPallava00215 (year 15 of Kampavarman).

- -
- -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1892-1893/B/1893/24).

-

Edited in , with English translation (SII 3.8); text and summary in (IP 210)

-

Re-edited and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on photographs (Valérie Gillet, 2008) .

- - - - - - 13 - 8 - - - - - 210 - 551 - - - - - - - - - 13 - B/1893 - 24 - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00211.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00211.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 2855492e4..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00211.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,229 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Uttiramērūr, donation, time of Kampavarman, year - 10 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00211 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - -

- kō-vicaiya-kam·pa-vikrama-parmaṟ·k·ku yāṇṭu pat·t-āvatu -

-

- kāliyūr·-k· -kōṭṭattu Uttarameru-c-caturvvetimaṅkalam y-āḷum· kaṇat·tāruḷ kuravaśiri A - gni-carmmakramavitta-cōmāciyēṉ· Eḻut·tu -

-

- Emap·panār· paṭait·tuṭaiya paṅ·kiṉ· vaḻi mutaṟ·k·kuṭum·piṭṭu nālām pāṭakam· Ūriṉ· teṟ·k·ku parameśvaravatiyi - ṉ· mēṟkku kaṇavativāk·kāṉ karai Eṅ·kaḷ pāṭakam-āyiṉa Iru-nūṟ·ṟu nāṟ·patu kuḻiyālum vanta m -

-

- Āṭ·ṭāṇṭu-tōṟum vayiramēka-taṭākattukkē Ēri - vāriya-p-perumakkaḷē kaṭai-k-kaṇṭu kuḻi-vāyil Āṭṭuvittu prasādam ceyvarkaḷ āka ip-pāṭakam vaittēṉ Agnicarmma-kramavitta-c-cōmāśiyēṉ . -

- -
- -
- - - - - kāliyūr·-k·-kōṭṭattu - kāliyūr-k - - - - Uttarameru-c-caturvvetimaṅkalam - caturvvetimaṅkalam - - - - kuravaśiri - kuravaśiri - - - - Agnicarmma-kramavitta° - Agnicarma-kramavitta° - - - - parameśvaravatiyiṉ· - parameśvaravatiyiṉ - - - - mēṟkku - The reading mērḵu is also possible. - - - - Agnicarmma-kramavitta-c-cōmāśiyēṉ - agnicarma-kramavit=ta-c-cōmāśiyeṉ - - - - -
- -
- - - -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Tenth year of the victorious king Kampavikramavarman. 

- -

- Writing/Writ of I, Kuravaśiri Agnicarmakramavittacōmāci, one among the governing delegates āḷuṅ kaṇattār-uḷ of Uttaramerucaturvedimaṅgala in Kāliyūrkkōṭtam -

- -

- E(map·)panār· pa(ṭai)t·tuṭaiya paṅ·kiṉ(·) vaḻi (mu)taṟ(·)k(·)kuṭum(·)piṭ(ṭ)u -

- -

- the fourth plot pāṭakam; that come from the two hundred forty kuḻis, which is our plot on the bank of the Kaṇavativākkāṉ tank, south of the village, west of Parameśvaravati -

-

- So that, each and every year Āṭṭāṇṭu-tōṟum the great men of the supervision committee vāriya-p-peru-makkaḷē for the Vajramegha tank be those who graciously āṭṭuvittu prasādam ceyvarkaḷ, literally “those of do the grace” supervise kaṭai-k-kaṇṭu the silt removing kuḻi-vāyil āṭṭuvittu, literally “having removing made at the mouth of the tank” I, Agnicarmakramavittaccōmāśi, have given vaittēṉ this plot ip-pāṭakam. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 6, no. 294); text and summary in (IP no. 211); re-edited and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs (2019). -

- - - - - - 149 - 294 - - - - 553 - 211 - - - - - - - - - 16 - B/1898 - 11 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00212.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00212.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 94197ad6f..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00212.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,290 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kīḻputtūr, irrigation transaction, time of Kampavarman, year 11 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00212 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Allocation of crops for the upkeep of a village tank. An irrigation transaction described as a pious act (dharma). - - - -

Medial i and ī, u and ū interchangeable.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-ka - mpavarmmarkku yāṇṭu patiṉ o - ṉṟ-āvatu - -

-

- kāliyūr-kōṭṭattu-k kiī - ḻ-p-pūtūr Ūrōm -

- -

- pperumpāṇanṉ ca - kkaṭi Araiyar makaṉār mā-tēvaṉārkku - Oṭṭi viṟṟu-k kuṭutta paric-āvatu -

- -

- Em - muūr varamp’ aṟutta viḷai nilam-āy - ṟaivayal nilamum Aṭai-nilamuṅ ka - ṟai-nilamum Etta-p-pulamum tēva - bhogamum paḷḷi-c-cantamum vai - jya-bhogamum pāppaṉ paṭṭiyum - Uḷḷiṭṭu Ep-pēr-p-paṭṭa nilamum viḷain - ta nilattālp paṭṭiyāl Oru kāṭi nel - Ēri-k-kāṭi Āka kōvuṅ kuṭiyum potu vēy - viḷainta nilattāl Ēri-k kaṭṭuvat-āka - UvverIvvūr niṟkavum Oṭṭi mā-tēvaṉār pa - kkal poṉ koṇṭu viṟṟuk kuṭut - tōm -

- -

- Ip-paricu Āṭṭātu tiṟampiṉō - m kuṭiymaiyu veṟu - dharmmāsanattu nicati I - ru-pattu nālum Ūr tiṟappil - nāṟ-p-patt’ eṭṭu-k kāṇam - taṇṭa-p-paṭuvat’ ākavum -

- -

- Ik-kāṇa - m ceṉṟu niṉṟu-p puḷḷikutta - pieṟātat’ ākavum -

- -

- It-taṇṭa-p-paṭṭum - mēṟ-coṉṉa paricē-y ceyvat’ ākavu - m -

- -

- Eṇṇāḻi-k-kālalālāl Aṭṭuvat’ āka - vum -

- -

- Aṉṟ-āḷ-kō-v-ē-y Irakṣippat’ ākavu - m -

- -

- Oṭṭi viṟṟu-k kuṭuttōm mēr-col - la-p-paṭṭa kiīḻ-p-putūr Ūrōm -

- -

- Ūrār colla - Eḻutiṉēṉ Ik-kiīḻ-puttūr-k kūṭṭat - tāṉ ṛṣi-keśava-bhaṭṭaṉ-ēṉ -

- -

- Id-dharmmam· rakṣippāṉ Aṭi - Eṉ muṭi mēlaṉa -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Eleventh year of the victorious king Kampavarman. 

- -

- We the villagers of Kīḻppūtūr in the Kāliyūrkōṭṭam. -

- -

- The manner in which we gave ... -

- -

- We have given, after sale, ... -

- -

- In this manner, ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- We have given, after sale, ... -

- -

- The then ruling king should protect this transaction. -

- -

- We, ..., the villagers of the above-mentioned Kīḻppūtūr. -

- -

- While the villagers talked, I, Ṛṣikeśavabhaṭṭa, a member of the assembly kūṭṭam, I wrote. -

- -

- The feet of he who protects this pious act are on my head. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 102); text and summary in (IP no. 212); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 46 - 102 - - - - - 554-555 - 212 - - - - - - - - - - 72 - B/1923 - 116 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00214.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00214.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 3f5663d2f..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00214.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,222 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kāvantaṇṭalam, donation transaction, time of Kampavarman, year 14 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00214 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative - Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, California, 94041, - USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Transaction by an assembly concerning a donation for conducting worship. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kampa-varmmarkku yāṇṭu patiṉāl-āvatu -

- -

- caturvvedimaṅkalattu sabhaiyōm Eḻuttu -

- -

- veṅkai-nāṭṭu-k kuḷaṉūr mānasarppaṉ Emm-ūr eṭuppitta śrī-viṣṇu-gṛhatt’ irunta perumaṉaṭikaḷukku Arccana-bhogam-āka Emm-ūr Oṭṭaṅkāṭṭu Ivaṉ viṟṟu-k-koṇṭ-uṭaiya iraṇṭu paṭṭi nilamum nantua-vā -vamum māṉasarppaṉ pakkal I-bhūmikku Iṟai-kāval-āka-p poṉ koṇṭu Eppērppaṭṭa Iṟaiyuñ cōṟumāṭṭuṅ kāṭṭa-p-peṟātōm āka Oṭṭi-k kuṭuttōm sabhaiyōm -

- -

- Itu Aṉṟ’ eṉṟu tiṟampiṉōṅ kaṅkai-Iṭai-k kumari-Iṭai-c ceytār ceyta pāvattu-p paṭṭu-t tiru-nāraṇam piḻaitta taṇṭam paṭuvat’ āka-v oṭṭiṉōm -

- -

-itaṟṟi -ṟampil Uṇṭikaiyum paṭṭikaiyuṅ kāṭṭātē-y dharmmāsanattu nicati nāṟ-patt-eṭṭu-k kāṇam -

- -

- Itu Aṉṟ’ eṉṟārē paṭa Oṭṭi-k kuṭuttōm -

- -

- muṉpu niṉṟum puḷḷi kuttuvikka-p peṟatōm āṉōm caturvvetimaṇkalattu sabhaiyōm -

- -

- Itu rakṣittār aṭi enṉ talai melaṉa . -

- - -
- - - -
- -

- Fourteenth year of Kampavarman. 

- -

- Writing of we, the members of the assembly of Caturvedimaṅgala. -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- We have become ... we, the members of the assembly of Caturvedimaṅgala. -

- -

- The feet of he who protects this pious deed are on my head. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 7, no. 420); text and summary in (IP no. 214); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on available editions. -

- - - - - - 265 - 420 - - - - - 557-558 - 214 - - - - - - - - - - - 22 - A/1901 - 207 - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00215.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00215.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 99757b080..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00215.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,228 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Ukkal, time of Kampavarman, year 15 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00215 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding - template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - -

- kampa-varmmaṟku yāṇṭu patinṉ-āaiñc-āvatu -

-

- Uṭkar sabhaiyōm Eḻuttu-c -

-

- caṭaiyaṉ pakkal āyira-k-kāṭi nel koṇ - ṭōm -

-

- Ivv-āyira-k-kāṭi nellālum palicai Ayin-nūṟṟu-k kāṭi nel āṭṭ-āṇṭu tōṟum ērikk’ aṭṭi Ikuttuvippōm āṉōm sabhai - yōm -

-

- It’ aṉṟ’ eṉṟār kaṅkai Iṭaik= kumari Iṭai ceytār ceyta pāvam paṭuvar āka-p - paṇittōm -

-

sam·bvatsara-vāriya-p-peru-makkaḷē Aṭṭuvik=ka kaṭavār .

- -
- -
- - - - - palicai - notes: palicai is another form of policai; see the Index to vol. I. s.v. palicai, and Dr. Gundert’s Malayâḷam Dictionary, s.v. paliśa. - - - - āṉōm - In ṉō, the kāl is marked twice, as a kāl proper and as a curl added to ṉ. - - - - -
- -
- -

Hail! Prosperity! In the fifteenth year of the reign of Kampavarman. The writing of us, the assembly of Uṭkar. We have received one thousand kāṭis of paddy from Caṭaiyaṉ.

- -

We, the assembly, shall close the sluice of the tank to collect water for irrigation, and shall cause five hundred kāṭis of paddy to be supplied every year as interest on these one thousand kāṭis of paddy.

- -

We declare that those who disobey this, shall incur all the sins committed between the Gaṅgā and Kumari. The great menPerumakkaḷ is an honorific designation of respectable villagers. The corresponding Sanskrit term is mahājana, on which see the Index to Vol. I. electedCompare ūram[ai] ceyyum vāriyapperumakkaḷ in Vol. I. p. 117. for the year shall cause thepaddy to be supplied.

- -
- -
- - -

- Prosperity! Fortune!

- -

- Fifteenth year of Kampavarman kampavarmmaṉ

- -

- Writings i.e. writ of We the members of the assembly sabhai, i.e. Skt. sabhā of Uṭkal.

- -

- We have got i.e. received one thousand kāṭis from Caṭaiyaṉ.

- -

- Having endowed/supplied aṭṭi for the tank the interest of five hundred kāṭis every year which comes through the paddy of these one thousand kāṭis, We, the members of the assembly sabhā are those who will close it, i.e. the sluice of the tank.

- -

- Those who say it is not so, let them undergo the sin done by those who do ceytār sin between the Ganges and Kumari i.e. Kaṉṉiyākumari. So have we ordered/declared paṇittōm.

- -

- The great men of the committee for the year are due to/should/have the duty of kaṭavār having it the five hundred kāṭi flowing/being supplied/endowed.

- -
- - - -
-

The same Caṭaiyaṉ is the donor of paddy for the feeding daily two Brahmins at Uṭkal in DHARMA_INSPallava00210 (year 10 of Kampavarman).

-
- -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1892-1893/B/1893/26).

-

Edited in , with English translation and facsimile (SII 3.5); text and summary in (IP 215).

-

Re-edited translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on and published visual documentation. -

- - - - - - 5 - 8-9 - III - - - - - 215 - 559 - - - - - - - - - 13 - B/1893 - 26 - - - - -
- - - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00216.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00216.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 8571cfb66..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00216.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,313 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Uttiramērūr, donation, time of Kampavarman, year 15 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00216 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - - svasti śrī - -

- kō-vicaiya‡-kampa-va‡rmma‡rk=ku yāṇṭu pati‡ṉṉṉ añcaint-āvatu -

-

- ‡ kāli‡yūr-kōṭṭa‡ttu taṉ kūṟṟu Ut=taramēru-c-ca - turvveti-maṅkalam Ālum ‡ kaṇattā‡r-u‡ḷ kumuḻūr caṉaṟ‡kumāra-c-caturvveti ‡ Āgni‡cit=ta-sarvva‡-kratuk=kaḷ braāhmaṇi Iḷaiyāḷ - tāḻiccāniyēṉ Eḻuttu -

- -

‡ ciṟupaḻu‡vūrarā pakka‡l mullai-vā‡yil E‡ṉṉṉ aṅkamaṇi dravyam - mm iṭṭu Ieṉakku Aṅkama‡ṇi-y-ā‡ka vilaikku k‡oṇṭu taṉnta pā‡ṭakatti‡ṟ teṟk’ aṭaiṉnta pāṭakam - Oṉṟum muṉṉam ‡ Acca‡nā-bhogam-āka-k kuṭutta ‡ ‡ pāṭakatt tum - māy Ivv-iraṇṭum ‡ mullai‡vāyil nāṅkaḷ Eṭuppitta-t taḷiyi‡l mahādevarkku nāḷa-t tiruAmi - tu kāṭṭuvippār Ānṉār -

-

- ‡ nilamu‡mṉ nāyaṟum Uḷḷa tuṇai‡yum U‡ttaramērūr-c-caturvve - ti-maṅkalattu mahāsa‡bhai‡yōmē-y kaṭai-k kaṇṭu tiru-Amitu ‡ kuṭuppi‡ppōm ānṉōm -

-

- Ivai ciṟṟa -

- -
- -
- - - - - °va‡rmma‡rk=ku - °varmmark=ku - - - - pati‡ṉṉṉ añcaint-āvatu - patiṉṉ-añc-āvatu - - - - Ut=taramēru-c-ca turvveti-maṅkalam - Uttaramēru-c-caturvveti-maṅkalam - - - - °caturvveti - °caturvveti - - - - °sarvva‡-kratuk=kaḷ - °sarvva‡-kratuk=kaḷ - - - - tāḻiccāniyēṉ - tāḻiccāniyēṉ - - - - ciṟupaḻu‡vūrarā - ciṟupaḻu‡vūrar - - - - k‡oṇṭu - ko⌉ṇṭu - - - - Oṉṟum - Oṉṟum - - - - Acca‡nā-bhogam-āka-k - Accanā-bhogam-āka-k - - - - kuṭutta ‡ ‡ pāṭakatt tum - kuṭutta pāṭakatti tum - - - - mullai‡vāyil - mullaivāyil - - - - nāṅkaḷ - nāṅkaḷ - - - - Eṭuppitta-t - Eṭuppittat - - - - mahādevarkku - mahādevarkku - - - - Amitu - Amitu - - - - kāṭṭu - kāṭṭu - - - - tuṇai‡yum - tuṇaiyum - - - - U‡ttaramērūr-c-caturvveti° - Uttaramērūr-c-caturvveti° - - - - kaṭai-k kaṇṭu - kaṭai-k kaṇṭu - - - - tiru-Amitu - tiru-Amitu - - - - kuṭuppi‡ppōm - kuṭuppippōm - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Fifteenth year of the victorious king Kampavarman. 

- -

- Writ/Writing of I, Tāḻiccāni, Brahmin lady and younger wife iḷaiyāḷ of Āgnicitta-sarvakratu, a caṉaṟkumāra-caturvedin of Kumuḻūr, one among the governing delegates of Uttaramērucaturvedimaṅgala in the Kāliyūrkkōṭṭam and the division of the same name. -

- -

- One plot which joins/is south of the plot that I gave, having bought it as my dowry aṅkamaṇi, after giving wealth dravya from my dowry, in Mullaivāyil, from a resident of Ciṟupaḻuvūr; the plot that I gave earlier muṉṉam as arcanābhoga has become āṉār one who will have kāṭṭuvippār daily glorious amṛta nāḷ-t tiru-amitu given to the Mahādeva in the temple that we have built in Mullaivāyil. -

- -

- As long as the earth and the sun nilamum ñāyaṟum uḷḷa tuṇaiyum, We, the members of the assembly of Uttarameruccaturvedimaṅgala will, looking favourably/overseeing up to the end kaṭai-k kaṇṭu, have the glorioys amṛta given. 

- -

- These ... Ciṟṟa ... -

-

The inscription stops short here.

- -
- -
-

- kaṭai-k kaṇṭu. IP: “under their personal supervision”. -

-

- ivai ciṟṟa. This is the mention of the scribe. -

-
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 6, no. 314); text and summary in (IP no. 216); re-edited and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020) from autopsy and photographs (2019). -

- - - - - - 152 - 314 - - - - 560-561 - 216 - - - - - - - - - 17 - B/1898 - 31 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00217.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00217.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 2ed84de0c..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00217.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,275 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Uttiramērūr, donation, time of Kampavarman, year 15 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00217 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - - svasti śrī - -

- kō-vicaiya-kampa-varmmaṟku yāṇṭu pa‡tiṉ ain‡t-āvatu -

-

- Īkkāṭṭu-k-kōṭṭattu-t toḻūr-nāṭṭu-t ‡ tiru - perumāṉṉṉaṭikaḷḷḷ aṭiyēṉ ceyya ‡ Aparāji‡taṉēṉ Eḻuttu-k -

-

- kāliyūr-k-kōṭṭattu Uttara-me‡ru-c-caturvveti‡-maṅkalattu vayirameka-taṭākattukku - Āyira-k kaḻañcu poṉ kuṭuttēṉ -

-

- Ivv-āyira‡k kaḻañcu ‡ poṉṉālum Āṭṭāṇṭu-tōṟum nilamum nā‡yarum Uḷḷa ‡ tuṇaiyum iru - nūṟṟu-k kaḻañcu poṉṉum Iv-vayiramēka-taṭākat‡tukkē Ānṉi-mu‡tal-āka mūuṉṟu tikaṅkaḷ Aka-p-paṭa Ivv-iru-n‡ūṟṟu-k kaḻañcu ‡ poṉṉum I‡ṭṭu A - parājitanēṉ -

-

- sabhaiyōmum Ip-paricē-y Ivv-ērikkē‡-y Ivv-iru-nū‡ṟṟu-k- kaḻañcu poṉṉum Ivaṉukkē-y ‡ dharmmam āka-k kuḻi ‡ kutti āṭṭā‡ṇṭu-tōṟum Āṭṭuvippōm āṉōm -

-

- Aṭṭōmāyilum Aṭṭāmai vilakkināṉum nicati ‡ Āyiraṅ kurā‡l-āka koṉṟa pātakam eytuvāṉ āṉāṉ -

-

- ‡ Id-dharmmattai-‡k keṭuppā‡ṉum Ik-kurā kaṅ - kai Iṭai-k kumari Iṭai Eḻu-nūṟṟu-k kātamuñ ‡ ceytār ‡ ceyta pāvamum Eytuvāṉ -

-

- ‡ Id-dharmmatthtai Iratkṣittā‡ṉṉṉ aṭi Eṉ talai mēlāṉa -

-

- - ṭi Eḻuttu -

- -
- -
- - - - - toḻūr-nāṭṭu-t ‡ tiru - toḻūr-nāṭṭu ta - - - - Aparāji‡taṉēṉ - Aparājitaṉēṉ - - - - Uttara-me‡ru-c-caturvveti‡-maṅkalattu vayirameka-taṭākattukku - Uttara-meru-c-caturvveti - - - - Uḷḷa ‡ tuṇaiyum iru - Uḷḷa - - - - irunūṟṟu-k - nūṟṟu-k - - - - I‡ṭṭu A - I - - - - Aparājitanēṉ - parājitanēṉ - - - - āṭṭā‡ṇṭu-tōṟum Āṭṭuvippōm āṉōm - āṭṭā - - - - keṭuppā‡ṉum Ik-kurā kaṅ - keṭuppā - - - - kaṅkai - kai - - - - Iratkṣittā‡ṉṉṉ aṭi Eṉ talai mēlāṉa - Iratṣittā - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Fifteenth year of the victorious king Kampavarman. 

- -

- Writ/Writing of me Aparājita, whereas I, servant aṭiyēṉ of Perumāṇaṭikaḷ of the glorious tiru in the Īkkāṭṭukkōṭṭam in the Toḻūrnāṭu. -

-

- I have given one thousand kaḻañcus of gold for the Vajramegha tank in Uttaramēruccaturvedimaṅgala in the Kāliyūrkkōṭṭam. -

-

- With these one thousand kaḻañcus of gold, each and every year, as long as earth and sun last two hundred kaḻañcus of gold, for this Vajramegha tank, starting in the month of Āṉi, so that three lunar months are included, having given iṭṭu these two hundred kaḻañcus of gold I, Aparājita. -

-

- We, the members of the assembly, so that these two hundreds kaḻañcus of gold be, in this wise, for this very tank, a pious donation dharma by him ivaṉukkē, literally “for him”, that is, Aparājita, the silt kuḻi kutti, each and every year, we will have it removed Āṭṭuvippōm āṉōm -

-

- - - Even if we give aṭṭōmāyilum, he who obstructs vilakkināṉum this without giving aṭṭāmai, he will become āṉāṉ permanently nicati one who attains eytuvāṉ the crime pātakam of killing koṉṟa like one thousand tawny cows āyiraṅ kurāl-āka. -

-

- He who harms this pious donation he attains the entire sin done by those who do murder of one among the “Seven Hundreds” between the Ganges and Kumari. -

-

- Of him who protects this pious donation, the feet are on my head. -

-

- Writings of ṭi. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 6, no. 325); text and summary in (IP no. 217); re-edited, with substantial additional readings, and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020) from autopsy and photographs (2019). -

- - - - - - 155-156 - 325 - - - - 562-563 - 217 - - - - - - - - - 17 - B/1898 - 42 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00218.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00218.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 9b6ba747e..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00218.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,357 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Uttiramērūr, donation, time of Kampavarman, year 15 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00218 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - - svasti śrī - -

- kō-vicaiya-kam·pa-varmmaṟ·kku ‡ yāṇ·ṭu pa‡ti‡ṉ aint-āvatu -

-

- kāliyūr-k-kōṭṭattu ‡ taṉ kūṟ‡ṟu Uttarameru-c-caturvveti-maṅkalat - tu l Aṅkāṭi tēvaṉtai kaḻu‡kkuṉṟa‡ṉ-ēṉ Eḻuttu -

-

- kāliyūr-k-kōṭṭat‡tu taṉ ‡ kūṟṟu Ut=tarameru-c-caturvveti-maṅkalattu - vayiramēka-taṭākattukku-d dharmmam āka nā‡ṉ nūṟ‡ṟuk kaḻañcu poṉṉum Iru-patte‡ṇ kāṭi ne‡llum kuṭuttēṉ -

-

- Iṉn-nūṟṟu-k ka - ḻañcu po⌉ṉṉālum Irupatt’ eṇ-kāṭi nellā‡lum Ā‡ṭṭāṇṭu-tōṟum nilamum nñāyaiṟum Uḷḷa ‡ tuṇaiyu‡m poli-y ūṭṭu kaḻañciṉ vāy Iraṇṭu - mañcāṭi-p palicai-y āka tiraḷ patiṉ kaḻañcu ‡ poṉṉu‡mu-k-kāṭi nār-nellum -

-

- Ip-patiṉ kaḻa‡ñcu po‡ṉṉum mu-k-kāṭi Iṟai nellum Iv - vayiramēka-taṭākattukkē-y vaiyykāci mutal ā‡ka Iraṇṭu ‡ tiṅkaḷ Akappaṭa patiṉ kaḻañcu poṉ‡ṉum mu‡-k-kāṭi Irṟai nellum Aṭṭi-k kuḻi kutti-k ka - rai mēl-ēy Aṭṭiviyippārkaḷ āka -

-

- Ippa‡ricu dharmma‡m āka-k kuṭuttēṉ tēvaṉtai kaḻukkuṉ‡ṟanṉ-ēṉ -

-

- sa‡bhaiyōmum Ip-paric-ē-y ivv-ēri-k - kē-y Ip-patiṉ kaḻañcu poṉṉum Im-mu-k=kāṭi Iṟai nel‡lum Iv‡v-erikk-ēy dharmmam āka kuḻi kutti kaḷkarai mēlllē ‡ Aṭṭuvō‡m āṉōm Āṭṭāṇṭu-tōṟum Aṭṭi - vippōm āṉōm sabhaiyōm -

-

- Itu ‡ Aṉṟ’ eṉ‡ṟār I-dharmmam Iṟakkiṉa pāvattil-p pa‡ṭuvār‡kaḷḷḷ āka-p -

-

- paṇittōṁ sabhaiyō - m

-

- I-dharmmattai ratkṣittār śrī-pādam Eṉ ‡ ṟalai mēl‡llaṉa -

-

- Ivvai Eḻuttu veṭṭinēṉ ciṟṟalaṉ ‡ makaṉ tē‡vaṭiyēṉ . -

- -
- -
- - - - - svasti śrī - Obvious restoration, not made by nor by . - - - - pa‡ti‡ṉ - patiṉ - The character ti is clearly engraved on the perpendicular side of the pilaster, which is an integral part of the block. This is the only occurrence in this inscription of a character is engraved on the perpendicular side of such a pilaster. - - - - Uttarameru-c-caturvveti° - Uttarameru-c-caturvveti° - - - - - °taṭākattukku-d dharmmam āka nā‡ṉ - °taṭākattukku dharmma ṉ - - - - Irupatt’ - Irupatt’ - The stone appears to have suffered recent damage. - - - - mañcāṭi-p - This restoration implied in ’s summary is very likely. - - - - vaiyykāci - vaiyāci - - - - Irṟai - Irai - Iṟai - - - - karai mēl-ēy - ka lay - ka k=kapaṭṭālēy - ka ly - The first ’s reading is that of his first reading of line 7, the second that of his second reading of line 7, that is, his line 8. The reading by appears to be a typo in reproducing ’s second reading. - - - - dharmma‡m - dharmma‡m - - - - Iṟai nel‡lum Iv‡v-erikk-ēy - Irai Ce lum Ivv-erikk-ēy - - - - dharmmam āka kuḻi - dharmmam āka kuḻi - As the u in ku extends below the preceding character ka, one could alternatively read dharmmam āk=kuḻi, which does not however make sense. - - - - kaḷkarai - karai - I read kaḷ on pictures, but the correct reading must be karai. - - - - Āṭṭāṇṭu-tōṟum Aṭṭivippōm - Āṭṭāṇ vippōm - - - - I-dharmmam - I-dharmmam - - - - pāvattil-p - pāvatātil-p - - - - paṇittōṁ sabhaiyōm - paṇit - - - - I-dharmmattai - I-dharmmattai - - - - Eṉ ‡ ṟalai - Eṉ ṟalai - - - - mēl‡llaṉa - mēlliṉa - - - - ciṟṟalaṉ - piṭṭayaṉ - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Fifteenth year of the victorious king Kampavikramavarman. 

- -

- Writing/Writ of I, Tēvaṉtai Kaḻukkuṉṟaṉ of the market aṅkāṭi of Uttaramērucaturvedimaṅgala in Kāliyūrkkōṭṭam, in the division of the same name. -

-

- I nāṉ have given one hundred kaḻañcus of gold and twenty-eight kāṭis of paddy as pious gift for the Vayiramēkam (Skt. vajra-megha) tank of Uttaramērucaturvedimaṅgala in Kāliyūrkkōṭṭam, in the division of the same name. -

-

- With these four hundred kaḻañcus of gold and and twenty-eight kāṭis of paddy, each and every year, as long as the earth and the sun last nilamum ñāyiṟum uḷḷa tuṇaiyum, literally “up to the extent which is that of the earth and the sun”, whereas the interest rate is palicai-y āka two mañcāṭis per kaḻañcu kaḻañciṉ vāy iraṇṭu mañcāṭi yielding earning interest poli-y ūṭṭu, -there is thus a total tiraḷ of ten kaḻañcus of gold and three kāṭis of ... paddy nār-nel. -

-

-With these ten kaḻañcus of gold and three kāṭis of taxable paddy, let the members of the assembly sabhaiyars) be those who have the silt removed kuḻi kutti aṭṭi viyppārkaḷ [[IP: for deepening and raising the bunds]] for this Vayiramēkam (Skt. vajra-megha) tank, so that two lunar months tiṅkaḷ be included akappaṭa beginning in the Vaikāci month that is, the term is fixed for two months starting from Vaikāci month, -by remitting/contributing aṭṭi, literally “by pouring, putting” ten kaḻañcus of gold and and three kāṭis of taxable paddy. -

-

-In this wise ipparicu, have I, Tēvaṉtai Kaḻukkuṉṟaṉ, given these as pious gift. -

-

-As for We, the members of the assembly, in this wise, for this tank, so that these ten kaḻañcus of gold and these three kāṭis of taxable paddy be a pious gift for this tank, We, the members of the assembly, will, each and every year, remove aṭṭuvōm āṉōm the silt kuḻi kutti and have it removed aṭṭivippōm āṉōm [[add literal translation?]] above the banks karai mēl-ē. -

-

-Those who say “This is not so”, let them undergo the sin of injuring this pious gift. -

-

- Thus have We, the members of the assembly, declared. -

-

- Those who protect this pious gift, their feet are on my head. -

-

- I, Tēvaṭi, son of Ciṟṟalaṉ, have engraved these letters/this writ. -

- -
- -
-

- On three superposed rows of blocks, some displaying projecting pilasters, of the southern base of the smaller platform of the Vaikuṇṭhaperumāḷ temple. The first row (lines 1–2) is made of 3 blocks. The second row (lines 3–7) is made of 2 blocks. The third row (lines 8–10) is made of 3 blocks. The milestone unit is however “area” since in the first row a character (ti in pattiṉ) is engraved on the perpendicular side of the pilaster, which is an integral part of the block. -

-

- , followed by edit 11 lines of text whereas there are only 10 lines. The reason is that ’s lines 7 and 8 are in fact two readings of the same line 7, included in the edition due to oversight. -

-

- and locate the lacunae at the end of the lines, while the examination in situ makes it clear that the lacunae are in the beginning of lines, as the fragmentary blocks are blocks a and d, the left parts of which are lost, not the blocks c and f. Furthermore, these lacunae on the edges of blocks concern only lines 1–7, not lines 1–9. The lacunae are longer in lines 1-2 (block a) than in lines 3–7 (block d). Restorations of these lacunae are made in the present edition, while and do not suggest any restoration except at the beginning of the second reading of line 7, that is, their line 8. -

-

Note the notarial/administrative style, replete with redundances and repetions.

-
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 6, no. 375); text and summary in (IP no. 218); re-edited here, with substantial revisions, and first translated for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020) from autopsy and photographs (2019). -

- - - - - - 172 - 375 - - - - 553 - 218 - - - - - - - - - 18 - B/1898 - 90 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00219.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00219.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 2d6f3dd60..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00219.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,235 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruvoṟṟiyūr, donation transaction, time of Kampavarman, year 1[.] - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00219 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Transaction by the assembly of villagers (ūrārs) concerning a donation of gold for conducting worship. - - - -

Medial i and ī, u and ū interchangeable.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-kampavarmmaṟku yāṇṭu pa - ṟāvatu -

- -

- puḻaṟ-kōṭṭattu-p puḻaṉāṭṭu-t tiru-vo - ṟṟiyūrppuṟattu vaikkāṭṭ’ urōṅ kai-yyy-eḻuttu -

- -

- muka - r makaḷ kō-nāṭṭu-k koṭumpāḷūr viṭēlviṭuku I- - ḷaṅkō-vēḷār tēvi pūti Aṟintikai tiru-v-oṟṟiyūr mahāde - varkku caṅkirānti-tōṟum patt’ eṭṭ-āka-k kuttal paḻa - ḷum māvukku añAim-patiṉāḻiyum añAimpatu vāḻai - m patiṉ pala-c carkkaraiyum Aṭaikkāy ami - rtukku veṟṟilaiyuṅ kāyum it-taṉaikkum-āka vai - tta poṉ Ūrkkaṟ cem-poṉ Iru-patt-eḻu kaḻañcu -

- -

- Iv - virupatt’ ēḻu kaḻañcuṅ koṇṭu kaṭavōm vaiykk - āṭṭ’ ūrōm -

- -

- ippoṉṉukku-k kaḻañciṉ vāy muūṉṟu - mañcāṭi-p-poṉ palicaiyāl āṇṭu varai nāṟ - kaḻañcē-y oru mañcāṭi-p poṉṉṉ-āka Ivv-āṭṭai-v - vaiyyāci-t tiṅkaḷ mutal-āka Āṟ-āṟu tiṅka - ḷil iru-kaḻañcēyyāyum mā-p poṉ - ṉuṅ koṇṭu ceṉṟu tiru-v-oṟṟiyūr āṇikkiīḻē - ṭṭu-k kuṭuppōm āṉōm -

- -

- iṭṭu-k kuṭōmāyil ip - poṉṉṉukku-t talai-c-cēmāṭu cōmatēvaṉ pira - tāya-p pāṭṭa nel nāṟ-patiṉ kāṭiyu muṭi cūṭṭup - ṭṭa nelll irupatiṉ kāṭiyu muḻapaṭṭi-p pāṭṭa ne - lll irupatiṉ kāṭiyum vaikkāṭu kiḻārarrē āy Ēt - ta-p pulattiṉ nel nūṟṟ’ iru-patiṉ kāṭiyum-ā - ka iru-nūṟṟu-k kāṭi nellilum Āṟ-āṟu tiṅ - cey Ayntu mā - paṭṭa Ākattā -

- - -
- -
- - - - - iru-kaḻañcēyyāyum mā-p poṉ - suggests to emend to iru-kaḻañcēy arai mā-p poṉ. - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- ...th year of the victorious king Kampavarman. 

- -

- Handwriting of we, the villagers of ... -

- -

- The gold that ... gave ...: twenty-seven kaḻañcus of fine gold ... -

- -

- We, the villagers of Vaikkāṭu, are bound to takeThat is, to manage. these twenty-seven kaḻañcus. -

- -

- We have become those who will give ... -

- -

- ... -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 103); text and summary in (IP no. 219); encoded (with further text restorations) and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 46-47 - 103 - - - - - 566-567 - 219 - - - - - - - - - - 25 - B/1912 - 174 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00220.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00220.xml deleted file mode 100644 index d2c8d1745..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00220.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,214 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kāvērippākkam, donation, time of Kampavarman, year 17 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00220 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative - Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, California, 94041, - USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for a daily food offering. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-kampavarmmakku yāṇṭu patiṉ ēḻ-āvatu -

- -

- paṭuvūrkōṭṭattu-k kāvati-p-pāk - kam-ākiya Avaṉi-nārāyaṇa-c-caturvveti-maṅkalattu-c ciṟṟampalattu-p peru-makkaḷ kaṭai - kāṭci-y-āka-t tiru-vānaṅkamuti tamakkai nampirāṭṭi viruttūṇarkku - vaitta poṉ - Ēḻu-nūttṟṟu mu-p - -patt’ aṟu kaḻañcu -

- -

- Ip-poṉṉāl vanta viruttiyāl nicati oru viruttūṇar uṇpat-āka vaittāḷ -

- -

Itu - Ācandrakālamum muṭṭāmai Ūṭṭuvippat-āka-y ip-peru-makkaḷ kaṭai-k kāṇpār āṉār

- - -

- It-tarmmamuṭṭil keaṅkai-y-i- - ṭai-k kumari-y iṭai-c ceytār ceyta pāvam paṭuvār āṉār -

- -

- Id-dharmmam rakṣittār kāl eṉ muṭi mēlaṉa -

- -
- -
- - - - - - In ’s edition two symbols are printed, apparently reproducing what is visible on the stone and looking like 100 and 1. notes: This symbol probably stands for the figure 736. As 736 kaḻañcus is a very unusual amount, an alternative reading could be: {symbol=36} Eḻuttu. The word eḻuttu would be preceded by the figure in symbol and by the same figures in letters. - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Seventeenth year of the victorious king Kampavarman. 

- -

- The gold that ... gave ...: seven hundred thirty-six kaḻañcus. -

- -

- With the interest that came through this gold, she gave ... -

- -

- This ... -

- -

- If ... -

- -

- The feet kālNote the use of the word kāl, instead of the usual word aṭi. of he who protects this pious act are on my head. -

- - -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in with facsimile (SII 12, no. 104); text and summary in (IP no. 220); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 47-48 - 104 - - - - - 568 - 220 - - - - - - - - - 25 - B/1905 - 391 - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00221.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00221.xml deleted file mode 100644 index e15dfdc78..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00221.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,215 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tippacamuttiram lake-bund stone, time of Kampavarman, year 17 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00221 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - - svasti śrī - -

- kō-vicaiya-ka - mpa-vikkirama-parumaṟku yā - ṇṭu patiṉ ēḻ-āvatu -

-

- Innāṭṭ-uṭaiya pṛthiyavī-ka - ṅkaraiyarum Ivar tē - viyār Ilāṭa-p-peruntē - viyārum taṅkaḷ makaṉḷ - Ayyak=kuṭṭi Aṭikaḷukku - - Ivv-iruvarum ceyta - dhammamdharmmam - valivalak=ka-maṅka - lattu Ērik=kuk= kaṇṭa Ā - ṟṟu-k=-kāl -

-

- Ik-kāl viḻu - -p-pērararaiyanṉ -

-

- I-dha - mmamdharmmam Itu Irakṣippāṉ - ṉṉ aṭi Eṉ muṭi mēl -

- -
- -
- - - - - makaṉḷ - makaḷ - - - - dhammamdharmmam - dharmmam - - - - I-dhammamdharmmam - - I-dharmmam - - - - Irakṣippāṉṉṉṉ aṭi - Irakṣippāṉṉ aṭi - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

-

- Seventeenth year of the victorious king Kampavikramavarman kampavikkiramaparumaṉ -

-

- The pious act that Pṛthiyaṅkaraiyar, the lord of this province/region nāṭu and his wife Ilāṭapperuntēviyār, both of them, did for their venerable son Ayyakkuṭṭi: a canal āṟṟu-k-kāl, literally “river-leg” which feeds kaṇṭa, literally “which sees” the lake/tank of Valivalakkamaṅkalam. -

-

This canal ik-kāl is named after/owned by Viḻuppērararaiyaṉ.

-

This pious act id-dhammam, that is, id-dharmam, the feet of its protector are above my head.

- -
- -
-

Note on “venerable son Ayyakkuṭṭi”. Could be “venerable daughter”. Cf. EI.

-

Note on Pṛthiyaṅkaraiyar = Pṛthivīgaṅga. Cf. EI for discussion and identification of people mentioned.

-
- -
- -

-Edited in with facsimile. -Edited and summarised in (IP 221). -This edition by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on facsimile published in . -First English translation? -

- - - - - - 23-26 - - - - - 221 - 569-570 - - - - - - - - 52 - B/1939-1940 - 174 - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00222.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00222.xml deleted file mode 100644 index f66c62bee..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00222.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,238 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kāvantaṇṭalam, donation transaction, time of Kampavarman, year 18 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00222 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative - Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, California, 94041, - USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Transaction by a Brahman assembly (sabhā) concerning a donation of gold for conducting worship. - - - -

Medial u and ū interchangeable.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī . - - -

- kampavarmmarkku yāṇṭu patiṉ eṭṭāvatu -

- -

- Ūṟṟukkāṭṭukkōṭṭattut tamaṉūrnāṭṭu caturvvedimaṅkalattu sabhaiyōm Eḻuttu -

- -

- Emmuūr māṉasatrpaviṣṇugr̥hattu Irunta perumāṉaṭikaḷ pakkal yāṅkaḷ koṇṭu kaṭava poṉ Ūrkkaṟ cemmai muppatiṉ kaḻañcu -

- -

- Ippoṉ kaḻañciṉvāy nālu mañcāṭip palicaiyāka Irupatiṉ ka - ḻañcāl nāṟ kaḻañcukkum Āṭṭāṇṭutōṟum cittirait tiruvōṇam peruviḻāvāka Eḻu nāḷum nicati nūṟu viḷakkum patiṉāṟāḷ taṭṭaḻikoṭṭikaḷaiyuṅ koṇṭu ceyvittu snapaṉam āṭṭuvittu tiruvamirtu Eḻu nāḷuṅ kuṭuttu ceyvippōm ākavum -

- -

- niṉṟa pattup poṉṉāl Iru-kaḻañcukkum nicati Uri Eṇṇai Uṇṇāḻikaippuṟam aṭṭuvōm āṉōm -

- -

- Emmūrc caṅ - karappāṭi koṇṭu polippuṭaittākac cevippōm āṉōm sabhaiyōm -

- -

- Ipparicu sabhaiyāyun taṉiyāyuñ cellāmai kāttārai śraddhāmantarē dharmmāsaṉattu nicatam Irupattu nālu kāṇan taṇṭappaṭuvōm ākavuṅ -

- -

- gaṅgai-Iṭaik kumari-Iṭaic ceytār ceyta pāvam paṭavun tirunāraṇam piḻaitta taṇṭappaṭuvōm āṉom caturvvetimaṅkalattu sabhaiyōm -

- -

- Itu rakṣittār aṭi en talai melaṉa . -

- - -
- - - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Eighteenth year of Kampavarman. 

- -

- Writing of we, the members of the assembly of Caturvedimaṅgala in the Tamaṉūrnāṭu in the Ūṟṟukkāṭukkōṭṭam. -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- We have become ... we, the members of the assembly. -

- -

- In that manner ... -

- -

- We have become ... we, the members of the assembly of Caturvedimaṅgala. -

- -

- The feet of he who protects this pious deed are on my head. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 7, no. 421); text and summary in (IP no. 222); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on available editions. -

- - - - - - 265 - 421 - - - - - 571-572 - 222 - - - - - - - - - - - 22 - A/1901 - 208 - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00223.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00223.xml deleted file mode 100644 index ea59477f4..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00223.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,280 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Uttiramērūr, donation, time of Kampavarman, year 18 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00223 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - - svasti śrī - -

- kō-vicaiya-kampavarmmarkku yāṇṭu patiṉ e‡ṭṭāvatu -

-

- kāliyūr-k-kōṭṭattu taṉ kūṟṟu Uttaramēru-c-caturvveti-maṅkalattu sabhaiyōm Eḻuttu -

-

- Emmūur teṟkkil aṅkāṭi Iruntu vāḻum maṇṇipākkiḻāṉ kōyilukku Ivaṉ ceyta dharmmattu - l Ūrkkal cemmai nūṟṟu-k kaḻañcu poṉ koṇṭu ka‡ṭāvōm -

-

- In-nūṟṟu-k kaḻañcu poṉṉālum dharmma-p palicaiyāl mūuṉṟu mañcāṭi-p palicaiyāl vanta poli-y patiṉ aiṅ-kaḻañcu poṉṉum Emmūur terkil aṅkāṭi-y vaṭa-ciṟakil mēṟku niṉṟum vara irupatu maṉai -

-

- poṉṉum Etir āṇṭu tuṭaṅki-y Āṭṭ-āṇṭu-tōṟum Ēṟi-vāriya-p-perumakkaḷē-y Avv-Āṇṭu Im-maṉai-p poṉ -

-

- - mum vayiramēka-taṭākattu-k kuḻi kutti viyippārkaḷ ākavum -

-

- Ipparicu Im-maṇṇipākkiḻāṉ kōyil vayiramēka-taṭāka -

-

- - ta poli-y-ūṭṭu-p poṉ Avv-Āṇṭu Ēṟi-vāriya-p-perumakkaḷē cantrādittar Uḷḷa taṉai-k kālamum Irati sa - bhaiyōm -

-

- Idharmmattu citilañ ceytāṉ Idharmmattukkum grāmattukkum piḻaiyaitta pi -

-

- - k kuṭuttōm mēṟ-colla-p-paṭṭa maṇṇipākkiḻāṉ -

- -
- -
- - - - - Avv-Āṇṭu - Avva Āṇṭu - - - - vayiramēka-taṭāka - vayira - - - - ta poli-y-ūṭṭu-p - poli-y-ūṭṭu-p - - - - Avv-Āṇṭu - Avva Āṇṭu - - - - cantrādittar Uḷḷa - cantrādittar Uḷḷa - - - - Irati sa - Irati - - - - pi - pi - - - - maṇṇipākkiḻāṉ - maṇṇipākki - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

-

- Eighteenth year of the victorious king Kampavarman. 

-

- Writ/Writing of Us, the members of the assembly of Uttaramerucaturvedimaṅgala in the Kāliyūrkkōṭṭam and the division of the same name. -

-

- Maṇṇipākkiḻāṉ who lives residing in the market area in the south of our village for the pious donation that he made for the temple, we are due/committed to take one hundred kaḻañcus of gold as per the fineness of the village-stone ūr-k-kal cemmai. -

-

- With this one hundred kaḻañcus of gold, fifteen kaḻañcus of gold which is the interest that comes vanta poli at an interest rate of three mañcāṭis as interest for a pious act dharmma-p palicaiyāl twenty house-plots which are niṉṟum vara, literally “while they are” west to the northern house-row vaṭa-ciṟakil mēṟku of the market in the south of our village. -

-

- gold, having started the year before etir āṇṭu tuṭaṅki, each and every year, the great men of the tank committee, on that year avv-āṇṭu, the gold poṉ of the these house-plots Im-maṉai -

-

- Let them be those who have the silt removed kuḻi kutti vippārkaḷ, for the Vajramegha tank. -

-

- In this wise, this Maṇṇipākkiḻāṉ, the temple kōyil, the Vajramegha tank vayiramēka-taṭāka -

-

- the gold with earning interest poli-y-ūṭṭu, that year, the great men of the tank committee, as long as moon and sun cantrādittar uḷḷa taṉai-k kālamum, literally “for a time of the quantity which is that of moon and the sun” We, the members of the assembly. -

-

- He who does harm citilañ ceytāṉ, literally “he who does decay” to this pious donation, does the harm of acting wrong against this pious donation and the village -

-

- We have given -

-

- The above-mentioned Maṇṇipākkiḻāṉ -

- -
- -
- -

- taṉ kūṟṟu. regularly translates taṉ kūṟṟu as “an independent village” of Kāliyūrkkōṭṭam. -

- -

- m(ū/u)ṉṟu mañcāṭi. This is the interest rate per kaḻañcu of gold. -

- -

- kuḻi kutti viyippārkaḷ. This phrase seems to mean “they will have the silt removed”. translates “digging (and removing) the silt”. -

- -

- avv-āṇṭu. The reading avva āṇṭu, with same meaning, is also possible. -

- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 6, no. 348); text and summary in (IP no. 223); re-edited and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020) from autopsy and photographs (2019). -

- - - - - - 162-163 - 348 - - - - 573-574 - 223 - - - - - - - - - 18 - B/1898 - 65 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00224.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00224.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 351b36b4f..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00224.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,341 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruvoṟṟiyūr, sale-deed, time of Kampavarman, year 19 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00224 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Saledeed (vilaiyāvaṇam) by a Brahmin assembly (sabhā) concerning a donation of land and taxes. - - - -

Medial i and ī, u and ū interchangeable. Initial vowels I, U, Ū used instead of yi, yu, yū.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-kampavanmaṟkiu yāṇṭu patt’ oṉpat-āvatu -

- -

- tiru-v-oṟṟiyūr-p-puṟat - tu maṇali sabhaiyōm nila-vilai-y-āvaṇam -

- -

- Emm-uūr yāṅkaḷ viṟkiṉṟa nilattiṟku-k - kiīḻ-pāṟk’ ellai poruḷ-Āpperi-Uṭaiya tōṇayaṉār ceṟuviṉ mēṟkum iṉṉu - n takaṇikkiyārpaṭṭi naṭuvin-pirampiṉ mēṟkun teṉ-pāṟk’ ellai pōcarkaḷ avvai ce - ṟuviṟkum appaṉār kuṇṭilukku vaṭakkum iṉṉum māmpākkiḻāṉ kuṇṭiliṉ vaṭakkum i - ṉṉum puḻalūr pōcar pūmikkum ivarkaḷ puri-k-kiṇaṟṟu vaṭa-karai-Iṉ vaṭakkum ik-ki - ṇaṟṟu mēlai-k karaiyiṉ mēṟkum iṉṉum ik-kiṇaṟṟiṉ karaiIyiṉ ṟeṟkum iṉṉuṅ kiī - ḻ-pāṟk’ ellai pāṟkuḷattār kaṇṇāṟṟu-k kāliṉ mēṟkum iṉṉumn taccaṉār turaviṉ - mēlai-k karaikku-p puḻutipāṭu nāṟkōṉiīkki Itaṉ mēṟkum ik=-kōttam teṟku nōḵki-c - ceṉṟu tiru-muṇṭa-k-kiḻavar tiyampaka-paṭṭaṉ ṟuraviṉ vaṭa-karaik=k’ ēttatt’ aḷavuñ ceṉṟ’ i - tiṉ mēṟkum iṉṉum it-turaviṉ vaṭa-karai-p puḻutipāṭu mukkōṉiīkki Itaṉ vaṭakkuṅ kiīḻ - -pāṟk’ ellai It-turaviṉ mēlai-k karaiyiṉ mēṟkum iṉṉum ik-kōttamē teṟku nō - kki-k kurukkatti-k kāl aḷavuñ ceṉṟ’ itaṉ mēṟkun teṉ-pāṟ-k’ ellai kuṟukkatti-pa - ṭṭaṉ vaṭa-varampu karai-pāṭ-āka Araikkōṉiīkki Itaṉ vaṭakku mēl-pāṟk’ ellai ceru-p-paḷḷi - yārkkuṅ kuṭiŪyūr porurkkum potu-v-āyiṉa muttai-tōṭṭattu-c ceṟuviṉ kiīḻakkum i - ṉṉuñ ceru-p-paḷḷiyār tōṭṭattiṉ kiīḻakkum iṉṉum it-tōṭṭattiṉ vaṭakku - mēl-pāṟk’ellai teṅkēri Iṉn-nilattiṟkē nāl ēttam eṭuppat-āka ni - ṭukālum mukavāyum uḷḷiṭṭ’ itaṉ kiīḻakkum vaṭa-pāṟk’ ellai ceru-p-paḷḷi - c-caṭaṅkavi tōṭṭattiṉ ṟeṟkum iṉṉumēl-pāṟk’ ellai It-tōṭṭattu - c-caṉār tōṭṭattiṟku-k kiīḻakkun teṉ-pāṟk’ ellai It-tōṭṭattiṉ vaṭakku - ṅ kārampi-c-cēṭṭārkaḷ kālkutti-t tōṭṭattiṉ vaṭakku mēl-pāṟk’ ellai - p-paḷḷi kumaāra-p-paṉār paṉaṅkāṭṭu-t tōṭṭattu mēlai-y ellai niṉṟu - ku nōkki-p paṉṉiru cāṇ kōlāl paṉṉiru kōl-arai niīkki Ataṉ kiīḻakkum iṉṉu - ṅ kommālaiyārkaḷ māṭa-viti maṉaiyiṉ kiīḻakkum vaṭa-pāṟk’ ellai caṅkaṉ-vāyiṉi - nṟum pōnta kāliṉ ṟeṟku mēl-pāṟk’ ellai Ik-kāliṉiṉṟum vaṭakku nōkki-c ca - ttira-p-peru-vaḻikkē pōṉa kāliṉ kiīḻakkum vaṭa-pāṟk’ ellai cattira-p-peru-vaḻi-Iṉ ṟe - ṟkum iṉṉuṅ kārampi-c-ceṭṭārkaṭku neṭuveṭpūrārkaṭkum potu-v-āyiṉa viḷākattiṉ - ṟeṟkum iṉṉum iv-viḷākattiṉ kōttamē kiīḻakku nōkki-p pōṉa puṅkkaḷukku potu - ṅkiṉukkun teṟkum iṉṉu mantirattār pūmi-Iṉ ṟeṟkum iṉṉuṅ kompaṟuttā - r pūmiyiṉ ṟeṟkum -

- -

- ip-peru-nāṉk’ ellai Uḷḷum aka-p-paṭṭa pūmi Uṇṇilam oḻiv’ i - ṉṟi-y i-bhūmikkē nāl ēttam eṭuppat-āka -

- -

- mēṟ-colla-p-paṭṭa teṅkēriyiṉ iru-mukavā - yum uḷḷiṭṭu maṟṟum itaṟ-kuriya niīrun niīrōṭu kālum perṟuvat-āka-p -

- -

- paṉṉiruccāṇ- - kōlāṟ patinṉ eḻ’ āIāyiraṅ kuḻiUyum iṉṉuṅ kiīḻ-pāṟk’ ellai I-bhūmiyiṉ mēlarukē - cattira-p-peru-vaḻikkē pōṉa kāliṉ mēṟkuñ caṅkaṉ vāyiṉiṉṟum pōṉ - ta kālin vaṭakku maṅkala-vitiyiṉ kiīḻakkum irāyūrārkaḷ maṉaiyiṉ ṟeṟkum in-nāṉk’ e - llai Uḷḷum aka-p-paṭṭa maṉaiUyun tammm iṟaiUyumaṟṟum eppērppaṭṭa Uṟbhūtita Iṟaiyu - ṅ kāṭṭātē nāṅkaḷē Iṟutt’ ivai iṟai-y-ili-y-āka-t tiru-v-oṟṟiyūr-uṭaiya nirajñañjana-gurava - r pakkal vilai-k kāṇaṅ kaiyiṟ koṇṭu viṟṟu-k kuṭuttōn -

- -

- tiru-v-oṟṟiyūr-uṭaiya nira - jañnañjana-guravanṉ-ēṉu mēṟ-colla-p-paṭṭa bhūmiUyuniīru-maṉaiUyum yāṉ ṟiru-v-oṟṟiŪyūr eṭu - ppitta nirañjaneśvarattu mahādevarkku mēṟpaṭi IṟaiIyili devabhogam-āka vilai - koṇṭu kaiIyiṟ kuṭuttu viṟṟu-k koṇṭēṉ -

- -

- maṇali sabhaiyōmumēṟpaṭi IṟaiIyili - ka vilaikku ṟ koṇṭu viṟṟu-k kuṭuttōm -

- -

- ivv-āvaṇaṅ kuṟiIyilirun - tu sabhai paṇi paṭi Eḻutinṉēṉ Iv-vūr madhyasthanṉ rudra-p-pōttar kumārakāḷanṉ-ēṉ -

- -

- maṇali - caṅ kaṇattaāruḷ yām eḻutiṭa meṅkaimmāṭṭāṉamayāṟ piṟarāl eḻutu-vittu I - ppaṭi veṭavūr veṇṇaya-kramavittaṉuṅ kaḷattūr niīlavēṭpaiUyuṅ ka - ṇṭaraṅka-śarmaṉum āsarai bhavasvāmi-bhaṭṭaṉuñ ceru-p-paḷḷi vēḷikumāra-bhaṭṭaṉu m i - rāyūr-k kumārakuṉṟaccaṭaṅkaviUyuṅ kōma-puṟattu-c caṅkara-nārāyaṇa-kramavittaṉu - ṅ kārampi-c-ceṭṭu māppa-kramavittaṉuñ ceru-p-paḷḷi candraśarmmaṉum viṇṇūr nārāya - ṇa-kramavittaṉum āsarai sasomadeva-kramattaṉuṅ kaḷattūr kāḷakumāra-bhaṭṭaṉun - tiru-muṇṭa-k-kiḻavar nārāyaṇa-c caṭaṅkaviUyum neṭuveṭpūr-t turkkaya-kramavittaṉuṅ ka - ḷattūr ravi-dāsa-kramavittaṉu mantirattār cantaya-c-caṭaṅkaviUyuṅ kaḷattūr ni - laṭi-c-caṭaṅkaviUyuñ cēntoṟuttuūṟ soma-c-caṭaṅkaviUyum puḻalūr-k kāḷitōṇaya-kra - mavittaṉum pāṟkuḷattu nākaya-bhaṭ·ṭaṉum iv-vūr madhyasthanṉ rudra-p-pōttar ciṅka-na - mpi Uḷḷiṭṭ’ ivv-aṉaivōm iṉṉum ippaṭi Aṟivōn

- -

- tiru-v-oṟṟiyūr-p paṉṟipāk - kiḻāṉ poṟṟiUyuṅ taṅkōṭṭi caṭṭiUyum perun-talai-k-kāvati tiru-v-oṟṟiyūraāṉum ik-kuṭi ku - maraṉum ik-kuṭi cōmaṉum ivv-aṉaivōm

- -

- itu kollai nilaṅ koṇṭu tiruttiyatu - Iṉṉum it-ticaimaṅkalattār pakkaṟ koḷḷaṉ kāvati Ēri-karaiIyiṉ mēṟk’ iṟaiIyili-y-āka yāṉ - viṟṟu-k koṇṭ-uṭaiya bhūmi patiṉaṟu cāṇ-kōlāl mu-v-āIyiraṅ kuḻiUyum pariyalūr nilam-āka nikamaṅkiḻār - kku-k kuṭuttu nikamaṅkiḻār pakkal pariyalūr nilanm IṟaiIyili-y-āy kaṭaṟpāttu nilam-āka yāṉ koṇṭ-u - ṭaiyatu kaṭaṟ-pātt’ ēri-y-uṭ ṭeṉkaraiIyiṉ vaṭakkiṟ patiṉaṟu cāṇ-kolāl mu-v-āIyiraṅ kuḻiUyu mēṟpaṭi - Arccanābhogam-āka-k kuṭuttēṉ -

- -

- śrī-śilpikavareṇa samyak· bhūtvā parameśvareṇa likhi - tam idam· śāsanam abhiṣṭasiddhyai śāmuṇḍācārya-putreṇa -

- -

- śāmuṇḍācārya-makaṉ tiru - -v-oṟṟiyū-r ācāryaṉ eḻuttu -

- -
- -
- - - - - ceru-p-paḷḷi - ceru-paḷḷi - ceru-paḷḷi - - - - cēntoṟuttuūṟ - cēntoṟuttuṟ - cēntoṟuttūṟ - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Nineteenth year of the victorious king Kampavarman. 

- -

- Sale-deed of a land by we, the members of the assembly of Maṇali, in a hamlet of Tiruvoṟṟiyūr. -

- -

- [boundaries of land] -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- I, the master Nirañjana, landlord in Tiruvoṟṟiyūr, the above-mentioned land, water and residence, after ... I have ... them as devabhoga for the Mahādeva of the Nirāṅjaneśvara which I have made build in Tiruvoṟṟiyūr ... -

- -

- We have given, after selling, ...... -

- -

- This document, while being in the ..., I, Rudrappōttar Kumārakāḷaṉ, the madhyastha of this village, I have written it according to the deliberations of the assembly. -

- -

- [list of signatories according to IP] -

- -

- [list of witness according to IP] -

- -

- I have given as arcanābhoga ... -

- -

- This order has been written by Parameśvara, the best among the glorious artisans, son of Cāmuṇḍācārya, ... -

- -

- Writing of Tiruvoṟṟiyūr Ācārya, the son of Cāmuṇḍācārya. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 105); text and summary in (IP no. 224); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 48-50 - 105 - - - - - 575-579 - 224 - - - - - - - - - - 27 - B/1911 - 372 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00225.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00225.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 2989636f8..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00225.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,249 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Brahmadeśam, donation, time of Kampavarman, year 20 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00225 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for supplying water to a temple. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-kampavarmarkku yāṇṭu Irupat-āvatu -

- -

- paṭuvūr-k-kōṭṭattu-k kāvati - ppākkam yāḷum kaṇattāruḷ ñcān paṭṭaṉ rāja - malla-c-catiurvveti-maṅkalattu-t tiru-p-pontai - p-perumānṉaṭikaḷ śrī-kōyilil-t taṇṇīr Aṭṭuvatāka vaitta poṉ patinṉ oru kaḻa - ñcu - -

- -

- Ip-poṉṉāl vanta palicai koṇṭu taṇṇiīr aṭṭuvatāka vaittēṉ -

- -

- Id-dha - rmmamam Irakṣittār śrī-pāda-dhūḷi Eṉ talai mēlaṉa -

- - - -
- -
- - - - - paṭuvūr-k-kōṭṭattu-k - paṭuvūr-k-kōṭṭattu-k - paṭuvūr-k-kōṭṭattu-k - - - - kaṇattāruḷ - kaṇattāru - kaṇattā - - - - - ñcān paṭṭaṉ - ñcān paṭṭaṉ - paṭṭaṉ - - - - malla-c- - malla-c- - Eṉ muṭi mēlana malla-c- - The reading by appears to be a typo. - - - - - -catiurvveti- - -catirvveti- - -catirvveti- - - - - - Aṭṭuvatāka vaitta poṉ - Aṭṭuvatāka vaitta poṉ - Aṭṭuva vatāka poṉ - - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Twentieth year of the victorious king Kampavarman.  -

- -

- The gold that Paṭṭāṉ, one among the governing delegates āluṅ kaṇattār of Kāvatippākkam in the Paṭuvūrkkōṭṭam, has given so as to provide water in the glorious temple of Perumāṉaṭikaḷ in Tiruppontai in Rājamallaccaturvecimaṅgala: eleven kaḻañcus. -

- -

- With the interest coming from this gold, I have given so as to provide water. -

- -

- The dust from the glorious feet of he who protects this pious act are on my head. -

- -
- - -
- -

- See comments by -

- -
-
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 107); text and summary in (IP no. 225); re-edited by (SII 30, no. 148); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 50-51 - 107 - - - - - 580 - 225 - - - - - TBC - 148 - - - - - - - - - - 20 - B/1915 - 227 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00226.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00226.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 79712cc9a..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00226.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,257 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Mallām, donation, time of Kampavarman, year 20 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00226 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of land in honour of a man who performed ritual suicide in honour of the Goddess. - - - -

Medial i and ī, u and ū are not clearly distinguished and are interchangeable.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - - -
- - - śrī - - -

- kampaparumaṟku yāṇṭu Iru-pattt-āvatu -

- -

- paṭṭai-pōt - taṉukku Okkoṇṭanākaṉ Okkatiīn=taṉ paṭṭai-pōttaṉ mē - tavam purintat’ eṉṟu bhaṭārikku nava-k-kaṇṭaṅ kuṭuttu - kuṉṟaka-t-talai Aṟuttu-p piīṭailikai mēl vaittāṉukku ti - ruvāṉmuūr Ūrār vaitta paric-āvatu -

- -

- Emuūr-p paṟai koṭṭi-k kal-mē - ṭu ceytār āvikku-k kuṭuppār āṉār -

- -

- pōttaṉaṅ kiḻavarkaḷum toṟu - -p-paṭṭi nilam kuṭuttārkaḷ -

- -

- Itu Aṉṟ’ eṉṟār kaṅkai-y-iṭai-k kumari - -y-iṭai Ēḻu-nūṟṟu-k kātamum ceytāṉ ceyta pāvattu-p paṭuvār -

- -

- Aṉṟ’ eṉṟār Aṉṟ’ āḷ-kōvukku kāṟ-p-po - ṉ ṟaṇṭap paṭuvār -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Fortune! -

- -

- Twentieth year of Kampavarman.  -

- -

- This is the manner paricāvatu that the village delegates (ūrār) of Tiruvāṉmūr gave vaitta to Paṭṭaipōttaṉ, as is known purintatu eṉṟu the great penance mētavam of Okkoṇṭanākaṉ Okkatīntaṉ Paṭṭaipōttaṉ, in honour of himThat is, Okkoṇṭanākaṉ Okkatīntaṉ Paṭṭaipōttaṉ who gave the nine parts nava-k-kaṇṭam to Bhaṭāri, cut his head and offered it on the altar. -

- -

- Those who, beating drums in our village, have done ceytār the stone mound kal-mēṭu have become those who give for his soul. -

- -

- The landlords of Pōttaṉam are those who gave the land named Toṟuppaṭṭi. -

- -

- He who says that this is not so will suffer in the sin done by he who does sin within the seven hundred leagues between the Ganges and Kumari. -

- -

- He who says that this is not so will incur a fine taṇṭam of a quarter poṉ to the then ruling king. -

- -
- - -
- -

- Below the inscription is the figure of a kneeling beheaded man, with a knife in his right hand, holding by the hair his severed head in his left hand. -

- -

- According to , the donation is made to Paṭṭaipōttaṉ for the pious act of Okkoṇṭanākaṉ Okkatīntaṉ Paṭṭaipōttaṉ, who is probably his father. It is also possible that Paṭṭaipōttaṉ and Okkoṇṭanākaṉ Okkatīntaṉ Paṭṭaipōttaṉ are the same person, in which case the beneficiary of the land donation (possibly the Goddess Bhaṭāri or the relatives of Okkoṇṭanākaṉ Okkatīntaṉ Paṭṭaipōttaṉ) would not be explicitly mentioned in the inscription. The plain name Paṭṭaipōttaṉ would have been highlighted at the beginning of the inscription in the dative case. -

- -

- kuṉṟaka-t-talai. It is difficult to make sense of the first part of this compound, which is unclear on the stone. It might be split into kuṉṟu (from kuṉṟu-tal, “to decrease”) and akam (“place”), qualifying the severed head, in a redundant expression compared to aṟuttu (“having cut”).

- -

- piṭalikai (that is, pīṭilikai). This word seems related to Sanskrit pīṭḥa (“seat, pedestal”) and appears to designate the altar for offerings (Sanskrit bali-pīṭha).

- -

- kal-mēṭu. Litteraly “mound (mēṭu) (made of) stone (kal).” This is possibly a kind of memorial erected in honour of Okkoṇṭanākaṉ Okkatīntaṉ Paṭṭaipōttaṉ, of which the inscribed stele would be an element.

- -

- pōttaṉam. This appears to be a toponym, linked to Okkoṇṭanākaṉ Okkatintaṉ Paṭṭaipōttaṉ, as indicated by the last element of his name.

- -

- toṟuppaṭṭi. Either a toponym indicating the location of the land given or a phrase making explicit the purpose of the land given: “land (nilam) as (grazing-)place (paṭṭi) for cattle (toṟu).”

- -
-
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 106), with a facsimile; text and summary in (IP no. 226); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions and published facsimiles. -

- - - - - - 50 - 106 - VI - - - - - 581 - 226 - - - - - - - - - 20 - B/1915 - 227 - - - - - 217 - CXI - - - - - 89 - XVII - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00227.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00227.xml deleted file mode 100644 index a8300b0c9..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00227.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,253 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Uttiramērūr, donation, time of Kampavarman, year 21 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00227 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - - - svasti śrī - -

- kō-vicaiya-kam·pavarmmakku yāṇṭu Irupatt-oṉ·ṟ-āvatu -

-

- Ut· - - taramēruccaturvvetimaṅkalattu sabhaiyōm Eḻuttu -

-

- Empakkal sarvva-paricāram peṟṟu Irukkum· Emmūr teṟkkil aṅkāṭi Iruntuvā - -ḻum· maṇṇipākkiḻāṉ· kōyilukku Ivaṉ ceykiṉ·ṟa dharmmattukku Oṭṭik kuṭut=ta paricāvatu Ikkōyil pak - - - -kal Ūrkkal cemmai nūṟṟuk kaḻañcu poṉ koṇṭu kaṭavōm· Ippoṉṉāl dharmappalicaiyāl mūṉṟu mañcāṭi palicai-y āka - -van=ta poli patiṉ·ṉṉ aiñ·kaḻañ·cu poṉṉum Ivaṉē muṉ yāṇṭu patiṉ· Eṭṭ-āvatu Ērikku dhammattukkudharmmattukku mutal tanta nūṟṟuk kaḻañ·cu poṉṉālum dhammadharmma-palicaiyā -lē-y van=ta patiṉaiñ-kaḻañcu poṉṉum Ēṟṟi muppatiṉ kaḻañcu poṉṉum teṟkkil·l aṅkāṭi maṉai poṉ· - - - -ṉilē Āṭ·ṭāṇṭu-tōṟum pāḻ· niīkki niṉ·ṟa maṉaiyil· tāṅ·kaḷ vēṇṭu kural Ēri-vāriya-perumakkaḷḷē koḷḷa Oṭṭi ku - -ṭuttōm· Ivirunūṟṟu kaḻañcu poṉnṉāl· vaṉnta palicai muppatiṉ kaḻañcu poṉ koṇ·ṭu caṉn·tirātittar Uḷḷatiṉaiyum Iv-vayiramēka-taṭākattu kuḻi kutti - -Ērikarai mēl maṇ·ṇaṭṭuvār Āka Ikkōyil vaitta dhammattukkudharmmattukku Oṭṭi Eḻutt’ iṭṭu kuṭuttōm· sabhai - - - -yōm· Ipparicu Ivaṉ dhammamdharmmam ceytamaiyil sabhaiyōm san·tōṣittu Ikkōyillukkum makkaḷḷukkum· sa - -bhaiyōm oṭṭai Iṟaiyē Iṟuppāṉṉṉ ākavum Ivaṉai maṟrum Eppoeṟpaṭṭa puṟav-iṟaiyum· maṉaiy poṉṉum Alap-iṟaiyum cōṟumāṭṭum Uḷ - -ḷiṭṭu vaṉnta puṟav-iṟai koḷḷātōmmm āka Ikkōyillukkum makkaḷḷukkum savvasarvva-paricārammm-āka paṇit - - - -tōm sabhaiyōm ikkōyil·llukkum

- - -
- -
- - - - - °kam·pavarmmakku - °kampavarmmarkku - - - - Ut·taramēruccaturvvetimaṅkalattu - Uttaramēruccaturvvetimaṅkalattu - - - - patiṉ·ṉṉ aiñ·kaḻañ·cu - patiṉṉaiñkaḻañcu - - - - Ivaṉē - Ivaṉ - - - - dhammattukkudharmmattukku - dharmmattukku - - - - dhammadharmma-palicaiyālē-y - dharmma-paliceyālē-y - - - - niīkki - nīkki - - - - dhammattukkudharmmattukku - dharmmattukku - - - - dhammamdharmmam - dharmmam - - - - Iṟuppāṉṉṉ ākavum - Iṟuppāṉṉ ākavum - - - - koḷḷātōmmm - koḷḷātōmm - - - - savvasarvva-paricārammm-āka - sarvva-paricārammāka - - - - - -
- -
- - -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 6, no. 369); text and summary in (IP no. 227); re-edited and first translated (?) here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs (2019). -

- - - - - - 369 - 170 - - - - - 227 - 583-584 - - - - - - - - - 18 - B/1898 - 84 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00228.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00228.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 04c2458aa..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00228.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,197 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Cōḻapuram, donation, time of Kampavikramavarman, year 23 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00228 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of land to a temple for daily offerings and worship, the upkeep of a perpetual lamp, and the livelihood of the priest. - - - -

Medial i and ī, u and ū are not clearly distinguished and are interchangeable.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-kampa-vikkiramma-parmaṟkkiu yāṇṭu Irupattu muūṉṟ-āvatu -

- -

- paṭuvūr-k-kōṭṭattu-p paṅ - kaḷa-nāṭṭu-k kāṭṭu-t-tumpūr nārāyaṇā-bhaṭṭārakarkku śrī-kōyil Eṭuppittu kaṉakavalli-viṣṇu-gṛham· Eṉṉu - m nāmathdheyattāl Amaippittu Itaṉukku trikālam Ārādhippataṟkum trikālam tiru-Amurtukkum na - ndā viḷakkum Ārādhippāṉukku jīvitamum Āka Ik-kōṭṭattu I-nāṭṭu kaṉakavalli-Ēri kiīḻ bhūmi I - - -

-

- -

- -
- -
- - - - - -kōṭṭattu-p paṅkaḷa-nāṭṭu-k - °kōṭṭattuppaṅkaḷanāṭṭuk° - °kōṭṭattu=ppaṅkaḷanāṭṭu k° - A space has been left uninscribed between kōṭṭattu and ppaṅkaḷanāṭṭuk probably due to a defect in the stone support. - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Twenty-third year of the victorious king Kampavikramavarman.  -

- -

- Having had a glorious temple made for Nārāyaṇabhaṭṭār of/at Kāṭṭuttumpūr in the Paṅkaḷanāṭu in the Paṭuvūrkkōṭṭam, having had created (it) under the name of “temple of Viṣṇu at/of Kaṉakavalli”, for this temple, so that there be provisions for worship at three times and for glorious food three times, a perpetual lamp and the livelihood of the worshipperThat is, most probably, the priest in charge, rather than any one visiting the temple for worshipping., a land east of the tank at/of Kaṉakavalli in this nāṭu in this kōṭṭamthat is, in the same Paṅkaḷanāṭu in the Paṭuvūrkkōṭṭam. was granted - -

- -
- - - -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited and translated by (SII 1, no. 53); re-edited and re-translated by ; text and summary in (IP no. 228); re-edited and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions and published facsimile. -

- - - - - - 78-79 - 53 - - - - - 585 - 228 - - - - - 193-194 - 26B - - - - - - - - - 5 - II/1886-1887 - 14 - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00229.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00229.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 6beb715ac..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00229.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,269 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Uttiramērūr, donation, time of Kampavarman, year 23 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00229 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - > - svasti śrī - - -

- yāṇṭu Irupattu muūṉṟ-āvatu -

-

- Ayyaṉ kampa-perumāṉārkku -

-

- kāliyūr-k-kōṭṭattu taṉ kūṟṟu Uttaramēru-c-catuvvervveti-maṅkalattu sabhaaiyōm Oṭṭik kuṭuttu poṉṉum nellum koṇṭa paric’ āvatu -

-

- Ūr-k-kaṟ cempoṉ naṟpatiṉ kaḻāñcum Eṇṇāḻi-k-kāl-āl Āyira-k-kāṭi nellum - koṇṭu Itaṉ poli-y-ūṭṭ-iṉ-āl Āvaṇi-t-tiṅkaḷ cōti-ñāṉṟu Āyiram· brāhmaṇarai Ūṭṭuvat’ ākavum -

-

- Ūṭṭum paricu -

-

- mutirai viravi nālu kaṟiyum meyyāl Āḻākku-c ceytu neyyuḻm tayir viravukiḻāṉ nāḻi-c ceytu Aṭṭi Ūṭṭuvat’ ākavum -

-

- Iñ-ñāḷ-āl-ē tiru-p-pulivalattumahādevarkku mahāsnavapaṉam cevyvat’ ākavum -

-

- I-mahāsnavapaṉañ ceyyum paricu -

-

- nūṟṟ’ irupatt’ aiñ-ñāḻi neyyum nūṟṟ’ irupatt-añ -

-

Unfinished inscription/Stops abruptly here.

- -
- -
- - - - - Uttaramēru-c-catuvvervveti-maṅkalattu - Uttaramēru-c-caturvveti-maṅkalattu - - - - cōti-ñāṉṟu - cōti-ñāṉṟu - - - - ākavum - ākavum - - - - mutirai - mutirai - - - - neyyuḻm - neyyum - neiyyum - - - - mahāsnavapaṉam - mahāsnapaṉam - - - - cevyvat’ - cevvat’ - ceyyvat’ - - - - I-mahāsnavapaṉañ - I-mahāsnapaṉañ - - - - neyyum - neyyum - neiyyum - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Twenty-third year. -

- -

- To the Noble ayyaṉ Kampa-perumāṉār Kampavarman. -

-

- This is the manner that We, the members of the assembly of Uttaramērucaturvedimaṅgala in the Kāliyūrkkōṭṭam and the division of the same name taṉ kūṟṟu, literally “in the division of itself”, i.e. the just mentioned Kāliyūr, took gold and paddy, and solemnly gave them. -

- -

With koṇṭu, literally “having taken” -forty kaḻañcus of fine gold as per the village stone ūr-k-kal, i.e. touch-stone and one thousand kāṭis of paddy as per the eṇṇāḻikkāl standard eṇṇāḻi-k-kāl-āl, let there be feeding of one thousand Brahmins at the time of Cōti Skt. Svāti cōti-ñāṉṟu in the lunar month tiṅkaḷ of Āvaṇi āvaṇi with the interest poli-y-ūṭṭ-iṉ-āl of this itaṉ. -

- -

The manner of feeding ūṭṭum paricu is as follows.

- -

Let there be feeding, by distributing ceytu aṭṭi, literally “by doing and pouring” four curries kaṟi made with mixing viravi various plants mutirai, one āḻākku of ghee as per the mey standard me-y-yāl , and one nāḻi of viravukiḻāṉ curd tayir . -

- -

Let, on the same day iñ-ñāḷ-āl-ē, make the great bath mahāsnapaṉa, i.e. Skt. mahāsnapana of the Mahādeva of Tirupullivalam.

- -

The way of doing this great bath is as follows.

- -

... one hundred twenty-five nāḻi of ghee/oil ney, one hundred twenty ...

-

Unfinished inscription/Stops abruptly here.

- - -
- -
-

- On the unusual dating. Most probably year of Kampavarman, mentioned right after as addressee. -

-

- Strange syntax: kaṟiyum, nellum, tayir coordinated, with two insterspersed ceytu. viravi: having mixed -

-
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 6, no. 371); text and summary in (IP no. 229); re-edited and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs (2019). -

- - - - - - 171 - 371 - - - - - 586-587 - 229 - - - - - - - - - 18 - B/1898 - 86 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00230.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00230.xml deleted file mode 100644 index e81462e83..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00230.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,263 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Āṉūr, donation, time of Kampavikramavarman, year 25 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00230 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Transaction concerning a donation of gold for the upkeep of a perpetual lamp. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-kampa-vikkirama-parumaṟku yāṇṭu Irupattu añcaint-āvatu -

- -

- kāliyūr-k-kōṭṭattu-t taṉ-kūṟṟu Arivili-ma -ṅkalam y-āḷum kaṇattāruḷ yap periya-śrī-dhara-kramavittaṉṉ-ēṉ -

- -

- kaḷattūr-k-kōṭṭattu Āṉiyūr sabhaiyōm -

- -

- nāl-p-patiṉ kaḻañcu poṉṉum Itaṉ palicai vampaṅkāṭṭu mahādevarkku nondā viḷakkukak=k-āka kuṭuttēṉ Arivili-maṅkalattu periya-śrī-dhara-kramavittaṉēṉ -

- -

- Ā -ṉiyūr sabhaiyōmum Ip-poṉ nāl-p-patiṉ kaḻañc taṉ policaikkummm-āka nondā viḷakku Oru viḷakku muṭṭāmēai Erippōm āṉōm sabhaaiyōm -

- -

- I -ceytāṉ ceyta pāpattil-p paṭuvārkaḷ -

- -

- -

- -
- -
- - - - - vikkirama-parumaṟku - vikkira - Alternative text restorations are possible, such as vikkirama-varmmaṟku. - - - - taṉ-kūṟṟu Arivili-ma -ṅkalam - taṉ-kū -ṅkalam - - - - kaṇattāruḷ yap - kaṇattā yap - - - - sabhaiyōm - sa - - - - viḷakkukak=k-āka - viḷakkuka-k=kāka - - - - śrī-dhara-kramavittaṉēṉ - śrī-dhara-krama - - - - kaḻañc - ka - Possible alternative text restorations are kaḻañcu and kaḻañcē. - - - - I -ceytāṉ - A possible text restoration is ... - - - - paṭuvārkaḷ - paṭuvārka - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Twenty-fifth year of the victorious king Kampavikramavarman.  -

- -

- I, Periya Śrīdharakramavitta , one among the governing delegates of Arivilimaṅgala, in the division of same name in the Kāliyūrkkōṭṭam, in the division of the same name taṉ kūṟṟuThat is, literally, “in the division of itself”.. -

- -

- We, the members of the assembly of Āṉiyūr in the Kāliyūrkkōṭṭam -

- -

- I have given forty kaḻañcus of gold for the sake of a perpetual for the Mahādeva of Vampaṅkāṭu, with its interests, I Periya Śrīdharakramavitta of Arivilimaṅgalam. -

- -

- We, all the members of the assembly of Āṉiyūr, we have become those who will without default light one lamp, a perpetual lamp, for the sake of the interests of these forty kaḻañcus of gold, we, the members of the assembly. -

- -

- He who does harm to this pious act he will suffer in the sin done by he who does -

-
- - -
- - - -
-
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 109); text and summary in (IP no. 230); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 51-52 - 109 - - - - - 588 - 230 - - - - - - - - - 15 - B/1932-1933 - 82 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00231.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00231.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 762c66434..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00231.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,253 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Ūttukkāṭu, donation, time of Kampavarman, year 25 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00231 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Transaction concerning a donation of gold and land for the upkeep of three lamps (one being perpetual) and food offerings. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicai -ya-kamppapa-panmarsupplied>kku yāṇ -ṭu Irupatt’ aiñcnt-āva -tu -

- -

- Ūṟṟu-k-kāṭṭu-p pūcāli -vāmaṉaṉukku Ivv-ūr u -ḻai-c-cēri-t tiru-nāmakkiḻa -varkaḷōm Oṭṭi-k kuṭu -tta paric-āvatu -

- -

- nandā vi -ḷakk’ erip=pat-āka Ivar ta -n=ta poṉṉāl nicati Oru -nantā viḷakk’ erippōm -ākavum -

- -

- Ivarē-y deva -r pōkañ ceyta Āṉai --p-pulat=tu-c ceṟuviṉāl -pakal Iraṇṭu viḷakku nā -yaṟu-maṭṭu Oru cāmat=t’ aḷavum -Erippōm ākavum - -

- -

- Irā -munnāḻi Ariciyāṟ ṟiru-va -mirtu kāṭṭuvōm ākavum -

- -

- I- --viḷakku muūṉṟun= tiru-v-amirt’ o -nṉṟuñ cantirātit=ta -r v-uḷḷavum celut -tuvat-ākavum - -

- -

- Itaṟ ṟiṟampi -l māheśvarar A[C]ai - -

- - - -
- -
- - - - - °kamppanmapapanmarsupplied>kku - °kamppanmakku - °kampapanmarkku - - - - tiruvamirt’ - tiruvamit’ - tiruvamit’ - - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Twenty-fifth year of the victorious king Kampavarman.  -

- -

- The manner in which we the TirunāmakkiḻavarsThat is, ... of Uḻaiccēri in this village solemnly guarantee to Pūcālivāmaṉaṉ of Ūṟṟukkāṭu. -

- -

- So as to burn a perpetual lamp, we shall burn one perpetual lamp daily with the gold he has given. 

- -

- We shall also burn two day lamps ... for the duration of one cāmam with the income from a field in Āṉaippulam, which he made a devabhoga. -

- -

- We shall provide at night glorious food-offerings through three nāḻis of paddy -

- -

- These three lamps and this one glorious food-offerings shall be ... up to the extent of the moon and the sun. 

- -

- If we deviate from this, the Māheśvaras -

-
- - -
- - - -
-
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 108); text and summary in (IP no. 231); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 51 - 108 - - - - - 589-590 - 231 - - - - - - - - - 28 - B/1906 - 345 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00232.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00232.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 6ac623b81..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00232.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,187 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Maṭam, donation, time of Kampavikramavarman, year 26 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00232 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of land after purchase, for the upkeeping of village tank. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-kampa-vikkirama-parumaṟkiu - yāṇṭu Irupatt’ āṟ-āvatu -

- -

- pa - l-kuṉṟa-k-kōṭṭattu teṉṉāṟṟū - r-nāṭṭu-k kuḷattūr vāṇiyar caya-va - llavaṉ kuḷattūr Ūrār pakkal vi - ṟṟu-k koṇṭu Ēri-p-paṭṭi ceyta caḻai - yāppāṟai-c ceṟuvu Ēri-p-paṭṭi ceytatu -

- -

- Itukku Eṉṟum kuttukkāl kātt’ ū -ṭṭiṉṉār Aṭi-y eṉ muṭi mēl -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Twenty-sixth year of the victorious king Kampavikramvarman. 

- -

- The Caḻaiyāppāṟai field that Cayavallavaṉ, a merchant from Kuḷattūr in the Teṉṉāṟṟūrnaṭu in the Palkuṉṟakōṭṭam, made as land for the tank, after buying it from the villagers of Kuḷattūr, has been made as land for the tank. -

- -

- The feet of he who ... to this are on my head. -

- - -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 111); text and summary in (IP no. 233); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 52 - 111 - - - - - 590 - 233 - - - - - - - - - - 53 - C/1924 - 144 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00233.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00233.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 2d1af89c5..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00233.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,204 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Koṭuṅkalūr, donation, time of Kampavikramavarman, year (3)2 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00233 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation after sale by a villagers assembly. - - - -

Medial u and ū interchangeable. Initial vowel I used instead of yi.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-kampa-vi - kkira-mapatnmaṟku yāṇ - ṭu 3 10 2 Āvatu - -

- -

- I - v-vūr-k kāṭantai na - kkaṉ caṭaiyaṉukku - -k kāviṭṭ’ uūrōm Ivv-ū - r viṭa viṟṟu-k ku - ṭuttōm - -

- -

- I-dhanmaṅ keṭut - tāṉ keṅkaiIyiṭai-k kumariIyi - ṭai-c ceytāṉ pāva - -

-

- -

- - -
- - - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Tirthy-second year of the victorious king Kampavikramvarman. 

- -

- To Kāṭantai Nakkaṉ Caṭaiyaṉ of this village, we, the villagers of Kāviṭu we have given after selling -

- -

- He who destroys this pious act will incur the sin of he does that between the Ganges and Kumari. -

- - -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 111); text and summary in (IP no. 233); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 52 - 111 - - - - - 590 - 233 - - - - - - - - - - 53 - C/1924 - 144 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00234.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00234.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 1f0ce7e3d..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00234.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,190 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Olakkūr, hero-stone, time of Kampapperumāḷ, no year - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00234 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Hero-stone commemorating the death of Totupatti Mātirakaṉ. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - - -
- -

- kampa-p-pe - rumāḷ Āṉai-y ā - ṭiṉa kontaḷat - tu Ivv-ūr aḻin - ta nāṭ paṭṭāṉ I - v - v-ūr - to - tupa - tti - mātira - kaṉ -

- - - svasti śrī - - -
- - - -
- -

- On the day this village was destroyed in the turmoil that the elephant(s) of KampaperumāḷThat is, the Pallava king Kampavarman caused, he who fell was Totupatti Mātirakaṉ of this villagealternative translation: “he fell: Totupatti Mātirakaṉ of this village”.. -

- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

-
- - -
- -

- suggests that Totupatti Mātirakaṉ was a mahout a and notes that A figure of this hero advancing with a drawn sword in his right hand is also represented on the stone. This figure undermines, according to , the identification of Totupatti Mātirakaṉ as a mahout, as he is not represented mounted on a elephant. The fact that Totupatti Mātirakaṉ hailed from the attacked village suggests that he opposed the soldiers of Kampavarman. The absence of regnal year, which can be interpreted as a non allegiance mark to Kampavarman, is also noteworthy. -

- - -

- The auspicious words svasti śrī are usually found at the beginning of inscriptions. It is possible that this phrase here belongs to another inscription, engraved after the present one on the same slab.

- -
-
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 112); text and summary in (IP no. 234); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 53 - 112 - - - - - 591 - 234 - - - - - - - - - - 30 - B/1909 - 357 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00235.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00235.xml deleted file mode 100644 index a7cb9c83b..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00235.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,212 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Māṅkāṭu, donation, time of Aparājitavarman, year 3 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00235 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for a perpetual lamp and food offering to a temple god. - - - -

Medial i and ī, u and ū interchangeable.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya -Aparājitavarmmaṟku yāṇṭu -muūṉṟ-āvatu -

- -

- māṅkāṭṭu-t -tiru-veḷḷi-kiīḻ mahādeva -rkku Oru nandā viḷakkiṟkum -rum pōḻtaikku Oru tiru-v-amutuk -kum-āka-k kacci-p-pēṭṭu-k -piṭuku taḷi-t tēvanṉār makaḷ -kka mahādeviyār tāyār -ri naṅkaiyār vaitta poṉ -patt’ iru-kaḻañcu -

- -

- Ip-poṉ -candrādityar uḷḷa-v aḷavun -

- -

- -
- -
- - - - - tiru-v-amutuk -kum - tiru-v-amukum - The restoration tiruvamutiṟkum is also possible. - - - - makaḷ - ma - This restoration has been suggested by , who further commented: If this restoration is valid, then the present record provides an early instance of the prevalance of the institution of temple maid-servants. - - - - poṉ - poṉ - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Third year of the victorious king Aparājitavarman. 

- -

- The gold that ...: twelve kaḻañcus. -

- -

- This gold ... upto the extent of the moon and the sun. 

- -

notes: The continuation of lines and the bottom portion of the record are built in.

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 85); text and summary in (IP no. 237); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 36 - 85 - - - - - 594-595 - 235 - - - - - - - - - - 38 - B/1908 - 351 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00236.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00236.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 55a23a3c4..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00236.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,240 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Putuppākkam, donation, time of Aparājitavarman, year (3) - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00236 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - A tax remission transaction apparently. - - - -

Medial u and ū interchangeable.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya Aparā - jitavarmmaṟku yāṇṭu muūṉ - ṟāvatu -

- -

- maṇaiyiṟ-kōṭṭattu - paḷukūr-nāṭṭu nallilma - ṅkala-sabhaiyōm Iṟai-y-ili - yāka k kai-yyy eḻuttu - -

- -

- yāḷuṅkaṇattāruḷ Aḷa - makkaḷ nallā-Ivin - makkaḷum marumakkaḷu - m sabhaiyōm poṉ ko - ṇṭu vasan=tayājiyār ta - maṭa-[p*]-puṟam Ivv-ūr - vari-p paṭi Āṟ’ arai mā - taṭi muṟṟum - vanta Iṟai Eppērp - paṭṭa nāyaṟu meḷa - āṉōm sabhaiyō - m -

- -

- ḻiṭṭu Anyonya-sa - tōm ānṉōm -

- -

- Aparā - paṇittōm sabhaiyō - m vār viṣṇu-lokaprā -

- - -

- -
- -
- - - - - maṇaiyiṟ-kōṭṭattu - paḷukūr-nāṭṭu - yiṟ-kōṭṭattu - ṭṭu - Text restoration based on ARIE/1922-1923/C/1923/61 - ( - - 67 - C/1923 - 61 - ), which mentions the assembly of Nallilmaṅkalam in the Mēṟpaḷukūrnāṭu of the Maṇaiyiṟkōṭṭam. - - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Third year of the victorious king Aparājitavarman. 

- -

- Hand-writing for tax-free, by we, the members of the assembly of Nallilmaṅkalam in the Paḷukūrnātu of the Maṇaiyiṟkōṭṭam. -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

- -

- -
- -
- -

- notes: The inscription is a fragment; the portion containing a few letters at the beginnings of lines appear to have been cut away. -

- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 84); text and summary in (IP no. 236); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions, with further text restorations, partly based on the suggestions by . -

- - - - - - 36 - 84 - - - - - 596-597 - 236 - - - - - - - - - - 67 - C/1923 - 62 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00237.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00237.xml deleted file mode 100644 index e06f7946d..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00237.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,199 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Satyavēḍu, donation, time of Aparājitavarman, year 4 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00237 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of land as arcanābhoga to a temple god. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-Aparāyjita-paṟmaṟku yāṇ - ṭu nāl-āvatu -

- -

- paiyyūr-iḷaṅ -kōṭṭattu-t tekkūr-nāṭ -ṭu-t tiru-mataṅkaṉ paḷ -ḷi mahādevaṟku In-nāṭ -ṭut tuṟaiyūr-p poṉṉu -m puravummm aṭaṅka Arccanā --bhogam-āka-k kuṭuttēṉ -cera-nāṭ-uṭaiya kumāran -tai kuṟumpar ātittanṉ-āki -ya kāṭupaṭṭi-p pērarai -yaṉ-ēṉ -

- -

- It-taṉma -m rakṣittāṉ aṭi-y eṉ -ṟalai maēlaṉa -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Fourth year of the king Aparājitavarman. 

- -

- I have given to the Mahādeva of the Tirumataṅkaṉ Paḷḷi in the Tekkūrnāṭu in the Paiyyūriḷaṅkōṭṭam as arcanābhoga ... , I, Kāṭupaṭṭi Pēraraiyaṉ alias Kumārantai Kuṟumpar Ātittaṉ, lord of the Cēranāṭu. -

- -

- The feet of he who protects this pious act are on my head. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 86); text and summary in (IP no. 237); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 36-37 - 86 - - - - - 598-599 - 237 - - - - - - - - - - 43 - C/1912 - 31 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00238.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00238.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 539f38fe7..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00238.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,248 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruvoṟṟiyūr, donation, time of Aparājitavarman, year 4 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00238 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for the upkeep of a perpetual lamp in a temple. - - - -

The puḷḷi in the form of a wavy wedge is used almost consistently. Medial i and ī, u and ū interchangeable.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-Aparāji - ta-varmmaṟku yāṇ·ṭu nāl-āvatu -

- -

- peru-naṅ· - kai makaṉ· vayira-mēkaṉ-ākiya vāṇa-kō - -v-arayar bhogi Amat·ti-y-āyiṉa kuṟu - mpa-kōḷali tiru-v-oṟ·ṟiyūr mahāde - vark·k’ oru nandā viḷak·k’ erip·pataṟku vai - t·ta poṉ ūr·-k·-kaṟ· cem·mai mu-p·-patiṉ· - kaḻañ·cu -

- -

- Ip·-poṉ· koṇ·ṭu kaṭavōn - tiru-v-oṟ·ṟiyūr·-p· puṟat·tu Ātam - pāk·kattu sabhaiyōmum Amṛta-ga - ṇat·tōmum· -

- -

- Ip·-poṉ·ṉāl yā - ṇ·ṭu-varai kaḻañ·ciṉ· vāy· muūṉ·ṟu ma - ñ·cāṭi-p· poṉ· palicai-y-āka Iv·v-ā - ṭ·ṭai Aip·pikai mutal āṟ-āṟu tiṅ·kaḷil i - ru-kaḻañ·cē-y· kāṟ cey·tu poṉ·ṉun ti - ru-viḷak·ku ney·k ācantra-kālamu nilai-p - poli-y-ūṭ·ṭ-āka-t· tiru-v-oṟ·ṟiyūr āṇik·kīḻē -

- - -

- -
- -
- - - - - makaṉ· - makaṉ - The final ṉ looks like ḷ, as it appears to have a long vertical stroke on the right, but this might just be a defect in the stone. - - - - muūṉ·ṟu - muṉṟu - The stone is currently partly covered with cement at this place. - - - - ney·k ācantra-kālamu - neykk ācantra-kālamu - - - - poli-y-ūṭ·ṭ-āka-t· tiru-v-oṟ·ṟiyūr āṇik·kīḻē - poliyūṭṭākat tiruvoṟṟiyūr āṇi ki - The stone is currently partly covered with cement at this place. - - - - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Fourth year of the victorious king Aparājitavarman. 

- -

- The gold that ... has given for burning a perpetual lamp for the Mahādeva of Tiruvoṟṟiyūr: tirthy kaḻañcus ... -

- -

- We are bound to take this gold, we, the members of the assembly, and we, the Amṛtagaṇattārs of Ātampākkam ... -

- -

- With this gold ... -

- - -

- -
- -
- -

- See DHARMA_INSPallava00239. -

- -

- On the Amṛtagaṇattār, see DHARMA_INSPallava00239. -

- -

- notes: The inscription stops here. -

- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 87), with a facsimile; text and summary in (IP no. 238); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on photographs (2019). -

- - - - - - 37 - 87 - - - - - 599-601 - 238 - - - - - - - - - - 23 - B/1912 - 158 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00239.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00239.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 3237990e9..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00239.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,258 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruvoṟṟiyūr, donation, time of Aparājitavarman, year 4 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00239 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for the upkeep of a perpetual lamp in a temple. - - - -

The puḷḷi in the form of a wavy wedge is used almost consistently. Medial i and ī, u and ū interchangeable.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-Aparāji - ta-varmmaṟki yāṇ·ṭu nāl-āvatu -

- -

- cāmi-A - k·kaṉ makaṉ· vayira-mēkaṉ-ākiya vāṇa - -kō-v-araiyar bhogi cappakkaṉ-ākiya - pātradāni tiru-v-oṟ·ṟiyūr mahādevar·kk’ o - ru nandā viḷakk’ erip·pataṟku vaitta poṉ· - ṉṉ ūr·-k-kaṟ cemmai mu-p·-patiṉ kaḻañ·cu -

- -

- I - p·-poṉ koṇṭu kaṭavōn· tiru-v-oṟ·ṟiyūr - -p·-puṟat·tu Ātampākkat·tu sabhaiyōmu - m Amṛta-gaṇat·tōmum -

- -

- Ip·p-poṉ·ṉāl ā - ṇ·ṭu-varai kaḻañciṉ vāy muūṉṟu mañ·cāṭi-p po - ṉ· palicai-y-āka Iv·v-āṭ·ṭai Aip·pikai mutal ā - ṟāṟu tiṅ·kaḷil iru-kaḻañ·cē-y· kāṟ· ceytu po - ṉ·ṉun· tiru-viḷak=ku neyār ācandrakālam - nilai-p· poli-y-ūṭṭ-āka tiru-v-oṟ·ṟiyūr āṇi - k· kiīḻē koṇ·ṭu ceṉ·ṟu Iṭṭu-k kuṭup·pōm ā - ṉōm - -

-

- ip·-poli-y-ūṭṭu-p pop· poṉ· kaṭai-k - -kuūṭṭa vantār·k·ku nicati Iraṇ·ṭu cōṟu kuṭup·pō - m āṉōm -

- -

- Itaṟ· ṟiṟam·pil uṇ·ṭikaiyum· paṭṭi - kaiyuṅ· kāṭ·ṭātē dharmmāsanat·tu nicati E - ṭṭ-arai kāṇan· taṇ·ṭam· paṭuvōm āṉōm - -

- -

- I - k-kāṇamuṉ·pu niṉ·ṟum puḷ·ḷi-k kuttuvi -

- -

- -
- -
- - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Fourth year of the victorious king Aparājitavarman. 

- -

- The gold that ... has given for burning a perpetual lamp for the Mahādeva of Tiruvoṟṟiyūr: tirthy kaḻañcus ... -

- -

- We are bound to take this gold, we, the members of the assembly, and we, the Amṛtagaṇattārs of Ātampākkam ... -

- -

- We have become those who will give ... -

- -

- We have become those who will give daily two rice meals to he who comes ... -

- -

- If failing ... we have become those who incur a fine of eight and a half kāṇams ... -

- - -

- ... -

- -

- -
- -
- -

- On the donor, see : ... -

- -

- On the Amṛtagaṇattār, see : ... -

- -

- notes: The continuation of the inscription is lost. -

- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 88), with a facsimile; text and summary in (IP no. 239); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on photographs (2019). -

- - - - - - 38 - 88 - VI - - - - - 602-603 - 239 - - - - - - - - - - 24 - B/1912 - 161 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00240.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00240.xml deleted file mode 100644 index a215e3ed3..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00240.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,212 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Satyavēḍu, donation, time of Aparājitavarman, year 5 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00240 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of sheep for the upkeep of a perpetual lamp. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-Aparāyjita-paṟmaṟ - ku yāṇṭu AñcAint-āvatu -

- -

- cē - ra-nāṭ-uṭaiya kumārantai kuṟumpar āti - ttanṉ-ākiya kāṭupaṭṭi-p pēr-araiya - ṉ maṇavāṭṭi poṟṟi naṅkai-y-ēṉ - paiyyūr-iḷaṅ-kōṭṭattu-t tekkū - r-nāṭṭu-t tiru-mataṅkaṉ paḷḷi mā - tēvarkku Oru nantā viḷakkuiṉuk- - ku vaitta Āṭu nūṟu Ivai cāvā mu - vā-p pēr-āṭ-āka vaittēṉ -

- -

- Iv -v-āṭu nūṟuṅ koṇṭu nicatam u -ḻakku ney viṭēlviṭukōṭ’ okkum u -ḻakkiṉāl aṭṭuvōm āṉōm tiru --mataṅkaṉ paḷḷi pūvaṉūr Ūrō -m -

- -

- Itaṟ ṟiṟampil tiru-v-ā -

- -

- -

-
- - - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Fifth year of the king Aparājitavarman. 

- -

- The hundred sheep that I, Poṟṟi naṅkai, spouse of Kāṭupaṭṭi Pēraraiyaṉ alias Kumārantai Kuṟumpar Ātittaṉ, lord of the Cēranāṭu, have given for one perpetual lamp for the Mahādeva of the Tirumataṅkaṉ Paḷḷi in the Tekkūrnāṭu in the Paiyyūriḷaṅkōṭṭam, these, I have given as undying and unaging great sheep.  -

- -

- We have become those who ..., we, the village delegates of Pūvaṉūr within Tirumataṅkaṉ Paḷḷi. -

- -

- If defaulting ... -

- - -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 89); text and summary in (IP no. 240); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 38-39 - 89 - - - - - 604-605 - 240 - - - - - - - - - - 43 - C/1912 - 32 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00241.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00241.xml deleted file mode 100644 index c22cd3b3a..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00241.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,226 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruvoṟṟiyūr, donation, time of Aparājitavikramapōttaraiyar, year 6 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00241 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for the upkeep of two perpetual lamps in a temple. - - - -

Medial i and ī, u and ū interchangeable.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya Aparājita-vikrama-pō - ttaraiyarkku yāṇṭ’ āṟ-āvatu -

- -

- panmāheśvarar tiru-v-oṟṟiyūr ma - hadevarkk’ iraṇṭu nandā vilakk’ erippataṟku vaitta poṉ Ūr-k-kaṟ cem - mai Aṟu-patin kaḻañcu -

- -

- Ip-poṉ koṇṭu kaṭavōn tiru-v-oṟṟi - yūr-p-puṟattu maṇali sabhaiyōm -

- -

- ip-poṉṉāl āṇṭu-varai kaḻañ - ciṉ vāy muūṉṟu mañcāṭi-p poṉ palicai-y-āka Ivv-āṭṭai-k kārt - tikai mutal āṟ-āṟu tiṇkaḷil nāṟ-kaḻañc-arai-c ceytu poṉṉṉ ācandra - tāramu nilai-p poli-y-ūṭṭ-āka-t tiru-v-oṟṟiyūr āṇi-k kiīḻ-ē koṇṭu - kūṟiṭṭu-k kuṭuppōm āṉōm -

- -

- ip-poṉ kaṭai-k kūṭṭa vantārkku nicati - Iraṇṭu cōṟu kuṭuppōm ānṉōm -

- -

- itaṟ ṟirampil uṇṭikaiyum paṭṭi - kaiyum kāṭṭātē dharmmasanattu nicati Eṭṭ-arai kāṇan taṇṭam iṭa - Oṭṭi-k kuṭuttōm -

- -

- iṭṭa taṇṭañ ceṉṟu niṉṟum puḷḷik kuttuvikka-p - peṟatōm āṉōm maṇali sabhaiyōm . -

- - -
- -
- - - -
- -
- -

- Sixth year of the victorious king Aparājitavikramapōttaraiyar. -

- -

- The gold that the Paṉmāheśvaras have given for burning two perpetual lamps for the Mahādeva of Tiruvoṟṟiyūr: sixthy kaḻañcus of a purity tested on the village touchstone. -

- -

- We are bound to take this gold, we, the members of the assembly of Maṇali in a hamlet of Tiruvoṟṟiyūr. -

- -

- We have become those who will give ... -

- -

- We have become those who will give daily two rice meals to he who comes ... -

- -

- If failing ... we have become those who incur a fine of eight and a half kāṇams ... -

- -

- We have become those who will ... we, the members of the assembly of Maṇali. -

- -
- -
- - - -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 90), with a facsimile; text and summary in (IP no. 241); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 39 - 90 - - - - - 606-607 - 241 - - - - - - - - - - 26 - B/1912 - 190 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00242.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00242.xml deleted file mode 100644 index ac272ebf1..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00242.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,258 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruvoṟṟiyūr, donation, time of Aparājitavarman, year 7 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00242 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for the upkeep of a perpetual lamp in a temple. - - - -

Medial i and ī, u and ū interchangeable.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-Aparā - jitavarmmaṟkiu yāṇṭ’ ēḻ-āvatu -

- -

- Iva - r tēviyār mātēvi-Aṭikaḷ tiru - -v-oṟṟiyūr mahādevarkku Oru na - ndā viḷakk’ erippataṟku vaitta - poṉ Ūr-k-kaṟ cemmai mu-p-pati - ṉ kaḻañcu -

- -

- Ip-poṉ koṇṭu ka - ṭavōm puliyūr-k-kōṭṭattu-t tiru - -v-oṟṟiyūr-p-puṟatt’ ātampākka]ttu sa - bhaiyōmum Amṛta-gaṇattōmum -

- -

- Ip-poṉṉāl āṇṭu-varai kaḻañci - ṉ vāy muūṉṟu mañcāṭi-p poṉ pali - cai-y-āka Ivv-āṭṭai-t tai-t tiṅkaḷ muta - l āṟu tiṅkaḷil iru-kaḻañcē kāṟ ce - ytu poṉṉun tiru-viḷakku ney āca - ndrakālam nilai-p poli-y-ūṭṭ-āka tiru - -v-oṟṟiyūr āṇi-k kiīḻē koṇṭu ceṉṟu - Iṭṭu kuṭuppōm āṉōm -

- -

- ip-po - li-y-ūṭṭu-p poṉ kaṭai-k kūṭṭa vantā - rkku nicati Iraṇṭu cōṟu kuṭuppō - m āṉōm -

- -

- itaṟ ṟiṟampil uṇṭikaiyu - m paṭṭikaiyuṅ kāṭṭātē dharmmāsaṉa - ttu nicati nālē kāl kāṇan taṇṭam iṭa - Oṭṭi-k kuṭuttōm -

- -

- iṭṭa kāṇañ ceṉṟu ni - ṉṟu puḷḷi kuttuvikka-p peṟā - tōm āṉōm -

- -

- it-taṇṭa-p-paṭṭum ip - -poli-y-ūṭṭu-p poṉ vaḻuvāmai - y aṭṭuvōm āṉō muṟ-collappaṭṭa Āta - mpākkattu sabhaiyōmum Amṛ - ta-kaṇattōmum -

- -
- -
- - - - - ney āca - ndrakālam - ney - - See parallel in DHARMA_INSPallava00239, line 14. - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Seventh year of the victorious king Aparājitavarman. 

- -

- The gold that ... has given for burning one perpetual lamp for the Mahādeva of Tiruvoṟṟiyūr: tirthy kaḻañcus of a purity tested on the village touchstone. -

- -

- We are bound to take this gold, we, the members of the assembly, and we, the Amṛtagaṇattārs of Ātampākkam, in a hamlet of Tiruvoṟṟiyūr, in the Puliyūrkkōṭṭam. -

- -

- We have become those who will give ... -

- -

- We have become those who will give daily two rice meals to he who comes ... -

- -

- If failing ... we have become those who incur a fine of eight and a half kāṇams ... -

- -

- We have become those who will ... -

- -

- We have become those who will ... we, the members of the assembly, and we, the Amṛtagaṇattārs of the above-mentioned Ātampākkam. -

- -
- -
- - - -
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 91), with a facsimile; text and summary in (IP no. 241); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 40 - 91 - - - - - 608-609 - 242 - - - - - - - - - - 24 - B/1912 - 163 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00243.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00243.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 02eeb9e32..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00243.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,264 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruvoṟṟiyūr, donation, time of Aparājitavarman, year 8 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00243 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for the upkeep of a perpetual lamp and for food offerings in a temple. - - - -

Medial i and ī, u and ū interchangeable.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - - - - - Ānma kṣa sna - panam atisitam· lepanam· śuddha - pam· - - - tām·būlaṁ sannivedya pratidi - nam aniśandīpam ekam· - - - pradātum· kāṭ·ṭuūr-ī - śo vinītaḥ svapatimatiharaḥ ṣaṣṭhim· - - - suvarṇṇam· bhaktyā paitāṁki kaṇṭho mu - m adād oṟṟiyūreśvarāya - - - - -

- kō - vicaiya-Aparājita-varmma-p-pōttarai - yaṟkku yāṇṭ’ eṭṭ-āvatu -

- -

- cōḻa-nāṭṭu vaṭa - karai Iṉṉampar-nāṭṭu-k kāṭṭuūr kāṭṭuūrr-uṭai - yāṉ paiytāṅki kaṇṭaṉ tiru-v-oṟṟi - yūr mahādevarkku vaitta poṉ Ūr-k-ka - ṟ cemmai Aṟupatiṉ kaḻañcu -

- -

- Ip - -poṉṉuḷ tāṉ piṟanta cōti-nāḷ - tiru-v-amirtu patt’ eṭṭu-k kuttaṟ paḻa-v-a - rici patiṉ aṟu nāḻikkum snapaṉattiṟku - m tiru-v-amirtiṟkum-āka ney Āṟu nāḻi - kkum vāḻaippaḻam eṭṭuñ carkkarai - -p palamuṅ kaṟi-y-amirtiṟku-k kāy-t tiru - maṭaikkāy amirt’ eṇ-patilaiyum pat - tukkāyum iḷaniīr mu-p-patum pañca-gavya - ṅkaḷukku veṇṭuvaṉavuñ cantaṉamun= tū - pamuṅ karppūramum-āka Ivv-aṉaittu - kkum-āka vaitta poṉ mu-p-patiṉ kaḻa - ñcum oru nandāviḷakk’ erippataṟku vai - tta poṉ mu-p-patiṉ kaḻañcum-āka vai - tta poṉ Aṟu-patiṉ kaḻañcuṅ ko - ṇṭu kaṭavōn tiru-v-oṟṟiyūr-k karma-k-kiḻava - r-āyiṉa Ūrōm -

- -

- ip-poṉṉāl āṇṭu-varai kaḻa - ñciṉ vāy muūṉṟu mañcāṭi-p poṉ pali - cai-y-āka Ivv-āṭṭai-c cittirai-t tiṅkaḷ mu -

- -

- -

- -
- -
- - - kṣa - kṣa - It seems that there is place only for two characters on the stone. - - - - pattukkāyum - pata tukkāyum - pattukkāyum - Probably a typo in . - - - -
- -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- ... -

-
- -
- Tamil Portion -

- Eight year of the victorious king Aparājitavarmappōttairayar. -

- -

- The gold that ... has given for the Mahādeva of Tiruvoṟṟiyūr: sixthy kaḻañcus of a purity tested on the village touchstone. -

- -

- We are bound to take this gold ... we, the village delegates ... of Tiruvoṟṟiyūr. -

- -

- ... -

- -

- notes: Continuation of the inscription is lost. -

-
- -
- -
- - - -
- -
-

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 92), with a facsimile; text and summary in (IP no. 243); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 40-41 - 92 - - - - - 610-612 - 242 - - - - - - - - - - 23 - B/1912 - 159 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00244.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00244.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 89c1e2565..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00244.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,186 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruvoṟṟiyūr, donation, time of [Aparājitavarman], year 12 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00244 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of land, after purchase, for worship services and food offerings to the god of a temple. - - - -

Medial i and ī interchangeable.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- -

- -

- peṟṟu viḷaṅka - ṭukaṭaṟ paṭappai Oṟṟimutūr ukan - neṟṟi nāṭṭattu nirmmalaṉ kōyiṟ kuṭa-ti - cai nta vaṭa-ticai eṭuttum aḷa-p-peruñ-ciṟappi - ṟ ṟaṉ peyar nīṟiya cōḷa-māl y-īśvara-karattu maṉṉi - yaruṇi śiva-p-perumāṉaṭikaṭk’ aṇimika Arccippa - varkku nicca mu-k-kālu ney viravi-k kāṭṭun tiruvamir - tiṟkuṅ kantattiṟkun tūpattiṟku nantā nala viḷa - kk’ oṉṟ’ erivataṟku kku malkum vaḻukkātēeṉ - ṟum iṭuvār ta vōlakkam acaivil kiīrt - ti Aparājita-vikrama-parumaṟkku yāṇṭu paṉṉira - ṇṭ’ āṇṭiṉāl vaitt’ ikaṇaimūtūr ika - ṇaiy-k-kiḻavōr eṉṉuṅ kuṭi-y iṭai niṟaipuṉala - marku tuṅkaṉāṟum niṉaitta nelvarum paṉi - ccai-p pulamum eṉṟ’ iru pēr ēttamum ivaṟṟukk’ ē - riyum poruḷ kai-k kuṭuttu-p puḷi-y aṟiya Aṟṟam i - ṉṟi viṟṟu-k koṇṭu kaṉmicai Eḻuti vaittaṉaṉ ma - ruvaḻi mānilatt’ iṉitē . -

- - -
- - - -
- -

- ... by/through the twelfth year of Aparājitavikramavarman ... -

- -
- -
- - - -
- -
-

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 93), with a facsimile; text and summary in (IP no. 243); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 41 - 93 - - - - - 613-614 - 244 - - - - - - - - - - 25 - B/1912 - 180 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00245.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00245.xml deleted file mode 100644 index c17316706..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00245.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,187 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruttaṇi, foundation, time of [Aparājitavarman], no year - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00245 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Foundation of a temple. - - - -

Medial i and ī interchangeable.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - - - - tiruntu tiruttaṇiyil ceñ-caṭai Īcarkku - karuṅkallāl kaṟṟaḷiyā niṟka virumpiyāē - naṟkalaikaḷ ellām naviṉṟa cīr nampi Appi - poṟpamaiya ceytāṉ purintu . - - -

- I-veṇpā perumāṉaṭikaḷ tām pāṭi Aruḷuttu -

- -
- -
- - - - - niṟka - niṟka - notes: The letter ka is corrected from ku. - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- So that this temple stands as a stone temple made with black stones for the Lord īcarThat is, Sanskrit īśa with red matted hairsThat is, Śiva. in gracious/perfect/eminent Tiruttaṇi - Lovingly/with devotion virumpi-y-ēLiterally: “having desired”., the glorious Nampi Appi, who has learned all good arts, beautifully poṟpu amai-y-aInfinitive, “so that it agrees with beauty”. made it ceytāṉ purintuLiterally: “made it having made it”.. -

- -

- This veṇpa has been graciously sung by PerumāṉaṭikaḷThat is, the Pallava king Aparājitavarman according to . Alternatively, it could be another, vassal, king or Śiva. himself. -

- -
- -
- - - -
- -
-

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 94), with a facsimile; text and summary in (IP no. 245); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 41-42 - 94 - - - - - 613-614 - 245 - - - - - - - - - - 25 - B/1912 - 180 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00246.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00246.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 2ef5f8e33..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00246.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,231 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruttaṇi, donation, time of Aparājitavikramavarman, year 18 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00246 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation, after purchase, of a land to a temple. - - - -

Medial i and ī interchangeable.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-Aparājita-vikrama-varmmakku yāṇṭu - patiṉ eṭṭ-āvatu -

- -

- tiru-t-taṇiyal tiru-viīraṭṭāṉattu de - varkku nampi Appi-y Ivv-ūr-k kuṭi-makkaḷ iṭai vilaikku - k koṇṭa bhūmi śrī-kōyiliṉ vaṭa-pālai-c ceṟuvu Ayiraṅ kuḻiyā - lum vanta Iṟai mutal viṟṟu Ācantdra-kālattukkum śāśvatam-āka - tiruttaṇiyal sabhaiyārkku Iṟai-Ili-y āvataṟku-p poṉ kuṭu - ttu-k koṇṭamaiyil sabhaiyōmum Ivv-āyiraṅ kuḻiyālu - m Eppērppaṭṭa Iṟaiyuṅ kāṭṭātōm āṉōm -

- -

- I-bhūmi - devar bhogam ākki Itaṉukku nicati nāṉāḻi Arici Iraṇ - ṭu tiru-v-amirtum Iraṇṭu-c canti-vilakkiṉukkum Uḻakk’ e - ṇṇaiyum Ivv-ūr dharmmikaḷōm sabhaiyār kaṭai-k kāṭci-y-ā - ka Ip-paricu ceytu koṇṭ’ uṭaiyōm āṉōm

- -

- Itu cey - yōmāyil Aṉṟ’ āḷ kōvukku nicati kāṟ poṉ taṇṭa-p - paṭuvōm āṉōm

- -

- It-taṇṭam paṭṭum Ip-paricē ceyvōm ā - nṉōm sabhaiyōmum

- -

- Ip-paṭi Ārāyōmāyil kaṅkai Iṭai ku - mari-y iṭai ceytār ceyta pāvaṅ koḷvōm āṉōm

- -

- Allatu I - d-dharmmattiṉai Irakṣikkiṉṟa tiru-t-taṇiyal sabhaiyār śrī-pātam Eṉ - talai mēlanṉa-v ākavum

- -
- - - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Eighteenth year of the victorious king Aparājitavikramavarman. 

- -

- The land which Nampi Appi bought vilaikkuk koṇṭaLiterally, “got for a price”. for the god of the Tiruvīraṭṭāṉam at Tiruttaṇiyal from the cultivators of this village, ... -

- -

- We have become ... -

- -

- If we do not do so, we have become those who will incur a fine of a quarter gold kār poṉ daily to the then ruling king. -

- -

- We have become ..., we , the members of the assembly. -

- -

- We have become those wo got the sin done by he who does sin between the Ganges and Kumari ... -

- -

- Otherwise, let the feet of the members of the assembly of Tiruttaṇiyal who protect this pious act be on my head! -

- -
- -
- - - -
- -
-

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 95), with a facsimile; text and summary in (IP no. 246); encoded, revised based on photographs, and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022). -

- - - - - - 42 - 95 - - - - - 616-617 - 246 - - - - - - - - - - 28 - B/1905 - 435 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00248.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00248.xml deleted file mode 100644 index da9b41f6b..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00248.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,163 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Olakkūr, dedication of an image, no king, no year - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00248 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Dedication of an image of the Goddess. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- piritivi-vitapā - ṅkurati Arai - caṉ ceyvittatu -

- -
- - - -
- -

- This has been caused to be made by king Pṛthvīvṛṣabhāṅkura. -

- -
- -
- -

According to 30, the inscription is in archaic characters and [r]ecords that the much worn image at the top of the slab was caused to be made by the king, while [t]he image itself, perhaps, represents Piridiviviḍa[ṅga]-kurati. - dates the inscription to the 6th century and notes: The inscription is engraved below the stated image of a goddess flanked by a lamp and canopied by an umbrella.

- - -
- -
-

- First mentioned in ; Edited in (IP no. 248); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022). -

- - - - - - - 622 - 248 - - - - - - - - - - 30, 70 - B/1909 - 356 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00249.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00249.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 3bc4bf6f3..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00249.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,220 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Mēlaccēri, Śikharipallaveśvara rock-cut cave, pillar, foundation - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00249 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Sylvain Brocquet & Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Foundation of the Śrī-Śikhari-Pallaveśvara, at Siṅhapura, by - Candrāditya - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- - - kāritam idan nṛpatinā - candrādityena sarvva-nāthena - - - śrī-śikhari-pallaveśvaram iti - śaivan dhāma siṅhapure - - - -

- -
- -
- - - - - nāthena - nāthena - - - - dhāma - dhāma - - - - -
- -
-

This home of Śiva named Śrī-śikhari-pallaveśvaram, was caused to be made at Siṁhapura Ciṅkavaram by king Candrāditya who was a sarvanātha.

- Text standardised according to DHARMA TG and EG. -
- -
-

Le roi Candrāditya, maître de l’univers, fit construire

-

Cette demeure de Śiva, appelée Śrī-Śikhari-Pallaveśvara, à Siṁhapura siṅhapure.

- -
- -
- -

- The founder Candrāditya has not been identified with certainty. He could be a Pallava prince, not known from other sources. According to 118 he might be a Cāḷukya prince, contemporary of the Pallava king Narasiṁhavarman II Māmalla, who was the son of Pulakeśin and is known from records of his queen Vijayamahādevī. notes that Vijayamahādevī is known as Pōtti, the feminine of Pōttaṉ, that is, Pallava, and suggests that she was a Pallava princess. This would explain how her husband, a Cāḷukya prince, could have founded a rock-cut cave in the Pallava realm. - However, 188 considers that the cave was founded by a Pallava king, as the name Pallava is included in the name of the foundation and as Pallava kings had birudas ending with the term āditya.

-

- The name Śrī-Śikhari-Pallaveśvara might be translated as “The glorious temple of the Lord of the Pallava Śikharin." Śikharin (literally “peaked” or “mountain”) appears to be the biruda (gloryfying soubriquet) of an unidentified Pallava king, meaning “eminent." This is its only attestattion. Alternatively, one could also translated “The glorious temple of the Lord of the Pallava founded by Śikharin." In that case Śikharin would be a biruda of the founder Candrāditya."

-

- The placename Siṁhapura (“The city of the lion”) is reflected in that of the nearby village Ciṅkavaram.

-
- -
- -

-First tentatively edited and translated into French and into English by and with facsimile; edited by with facsimile (SII 12, no. 115; text and summary in (IP no. 249); edited and translated into French by (B no. 68); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Sylvain Brocquet & Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on facsimile published in and photographs (2008). -

- - - - - - 65-66 - XXXII (facing page 65) - - - - - 63-65 - XXXII (facing page 61) - - - - - 115 - 54 - V (facing page 17) - - - - - 249 - 623 - - - - - 68 - 776 - - - - - - - - - 92 - C/1916 - 284 - - - - - 116-118 - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00250.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00250.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 143d2d1d7..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00250.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,271 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - List of <foreign>avatāra</foreign>s in Ādivarāha cave, Mahābalipuram - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00250 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Sylvain Brocquet & Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - A verse list of the ten avatāras, which - interestingly includes Buddha, but not Kṛṣṇa. - - - -

The Grantha script is not well mastered. See p and - s confusion.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

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Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - - - matsyaḥ kūrmo varāhasyś ca - - - nārasiṁhaś ca vāmanaḥ - - - rāmo rāmapyś ca rāmasyś ca - - - buddhaḥ kalkī ca te daśa . - - - - -
- -
- - - - - matsyaḥ kūrmo varāhasyś ca - We follow here the restoration suggested by . - - - - nārasiṁhaś - nārasiṁhaś - - - - rāmapyś ca - rāmasyś ca - - - - . - ||| - The punctuation mark (end of stanza) is, it seems from the estampage published in - - , a joint double daṇḍa. - - - - -
- -
-

- The Fish, the Turtle, and the Boar, - The Man-Lion and the Dwarf, - Rāma, Rāma, and Rāma, - Buddha and Kalkin: such are the ten. -

-
- -
- -

- Le poisson, la tortue, et le sanglier, - Et l’homme-lion, le nain, - Rāma, et Rāma, et Rāma, - Buddha, et Kalkin : tels sont les Dix. -

- -
- -
-

- The three Rāmas are respectively Paraśurāma, Rāmacandra or Dāśaratha Rāma, and Balarāma. -

-

- This verse is also found in the Southern recension of the Mahābhārata. See - - 84 - , - - 216-218 - . -

- -

- 84 - note que la strophe est quasi identique à Mbh XII.348.2 (Kumbhakoṇam ed. mais pas dans les éd. ASB, Bombay et Vaṅga): matsyaḥ kūrmo varāhaś ca narasiṁho’tha vāmanaḥ | rāmo rāmaś ca rāmaś ca buddhaḥ kalkīti te daśa ||. -

-

- 173: la plus ancienne énumération épigraphique des dix avatāra. Fait intéressant, elle n’inclut pas Kṛṣṇa et inclut Buddha. -

-

- 15: renvoie à R. C. HAZRA (1940, p. 88) avec une strophe encore plus proche: matsyaḥ kūrmo varāhaś ca nārasiṁho’tha vāmanaḥ | rāmo rāmaś ca rāmaś ca buddhaḥ kalkī ca te daśa ||. -

-

- 227: atteste l’implication dynastique, impliquant que le roi appartient à la continuation de la lignée des avatāra de Viṣṇu (et les 2 autres rois aussi). But it is not clear if this is a royal inscription or not. -

- -
- -
- -

- Edited and translated by , with a facsimile (EI 17, no. 5); text and summary in (IP no. 53); text and translation in (B no. 69), (IR no. 53); re-edited for DHARMA (ERC no. 809994) by Sylvain Brocquet & Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on the estampage published in . -

- - - - - - - - - - 624 - 250 - - - - 777 - 69 - - - - 538 - - - - - - - - - 45, 94 - B/1922 - 663 - - - - - 84 - - - - - 173 - - - - - 15 - - - - - 227 - - - - - 285 - IR 53 - - - - - 216-218 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00251.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00251.xml deleted file mode 100644 index e71829d2e..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00251.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,158 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tirukkōkaraṇam, name - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00251 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - ... - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- ... -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

Edited in (IPS 6); text and summary in (IP 251); text and French translation in (B 70).

-

Re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on photographs (Emmanuel Francis, 2015).

- - - - - - 6 - 8 - - - - - 251 - 625 - - - - - 778 - 70 - - - - - - - - - 6 - TBC - - - - - 6 - 11 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00252.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00252.xml deleted file mode 100644 index dcfe58164..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00252.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,223 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Hebbiṇi hero-stone - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00252 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Hero-stone set up in honour of Aṭiyār who fell at Ciṟiyūr in a - battle with Kārōniri Bāṇarāja. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

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Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

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- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-Īccuvara - parumaṟki paṉṉira - ṇṭ-āvatu -

-

- kārōniri - vāṇarācar-p pōriṟ - ciṟai-Ūr eṟiya vāṇa - rācar ariya paṭṭār aṭiyār -

-
- -
- - - - - kārōniri - kārōṉiri - - - - pōriṟ - pōr-c - pōr - - - - - ciṟai-Ūr eṟiya - ciṟai-Ū ṟiya - cciṟai ūṟiya - - - - vāṇarācar ariya - vāṇarācar ariya - vāṇarācar ya - vāṇarācar ya - - - - ariya paṭṭār - The sequence ariya paṭṭār cannot be considered an early passive form, because the subject of ariya, that is, vāṇarācar, is explicit. Had the subject of ariya not been made explicit, the sequence could have been analysed as ariya-paṭṭār aṭiyār, “Aṭiyār was cut down.” - - - - aṭiyār - a yā - A yā - - - - - -
- -
-

In the twelfth year of the reign of king Vijaya-Īśvaravarman, when Kārōniri Bāṇarāja seized Ciṟaiyūr in battle, Aṭiyār fell, cut down by Bāṇarāja.fn3: Literally, ‘while Bāṇarāja cut (him) down.’

- Text standardised according to DHARMA TG and EG. -
-
- -

-Īśvaravarman Īccuvaraparumaṉ is most probably a Pallava king, as his name is prefixed with kō-vicaiya-. He might be identified with Parameśvaravarman I or Parameśvaravarman II. For other hero-stones dated in the reign of Īśvaravarman, see INSPallava00252, INSPallava00253, and INSPallava00297. -

-

-The stone bears the representation of a bearded warrior with helmet, sword, shield and sword-belt24.

-

-The placename is spelt Hebbaṇi in 148 of the section “Text of the inscriptions in Roman characters”, while the facsimile, next page, is labelled “Bairakūr vaṭṭeḻuttu stone." -

- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (EI 7, no. 4.3); edited in with facsimile and English translation (EC 10, Mulbagal, no. 211); text and summary in (IP no. 252); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on the edition and facsimile published in . -

- - - - - - 24-25 - III - - - - - - Text of the inscriptions in Roman characters - 149 - 211 - Translations of the inscriptions - 211 - - - - - Inscriptions in the Kolar district Kannaḍa script - 49 - I.e. EC 10, Mulbāgal Taluk, n° 211 - - - - - - - - - 25 - B/1899 - 101 - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00253.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00253.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 167de345d..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00253.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,184 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Hanumantapuram hero-stone 1/2 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00253 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-Īccuvara-paruma - ṟkiu yāṇṭu patiṉēḻḻḻ-āvat’

-

a - ṉṅkaṭ kaṉai-Ūrkaṉai-y-ūr māṟṟ-uṭai pa - ṭa-t tāṉ aṟupaṭṭāṉ kāṭṭiṟai - kaḷ cēvakaṉ pūtūr cāttaṉ -

- -
- -
- - - - °vicaiya-Īccu° - °vijaya-rājacu° - This reading in - is tentative though, as indicated by a question mark. - - - - °parumaṟkiu yāṇṭu - parumaṟkiu yāṇṭu - The ṟ in °parumāṟki is clear on the stone. - We do not follow in considering that we have here iyāṇṭu, that is yāṇṭu with epenthesis. Although this is possible, it seems unlikely considering other attestations of the dative variant -ki for -ku. See, e.g., tfaPallava252, of the same Īccuvaravarman, where, in lines 1-3, we find kō-vicaiya-Īccuvaraparumaṟki paṉṉiraṇṭ-āvatu. - - - - -
- -
-

- In the seventeenth year of the reign of king Vijaya-Īśvaravarman, when Kaṉaiyūr fell into the possession of the enemies, Cāttaṉ of Pūtūr himself, the servant of Kāṭṭiṟai, was cut down. 

-
- -
-

- Seventeenth year of the victorious king Īśvaravarman. 

-

- When, there (aṅkaṇ), at Kaṉaiyūr a change of property occured, Cāttaṉ of Pūtūr, the servant of the honoorable Kāṭṭiṟai, was himself cut down. 

-
- -
-

Hultzsch: fn6: māṟṟu seems to be used in the sense of māṟṟār, ‘enemies.’ We can keep the meaning “to change”, even though, from the etymological point of view, māṟṟār, “enemies”, derives from the same root māṟṟu (viṉaittokai) + uṭai = literally “changing possession”, that is a change of property, that is, a cattle-raid.

-

Hultzsch: “Unlike other vīrakkals, the stone bears no sculptures of any kind." Untrue. See slab in Chennai Government Museum (acc. no. 2160/78). Hultzsch worked with estampages of the inscriptions only.

-

Hultzsch: Īśvaravarman = Gaṅga-Pallava

-

Hultzsch: kāṭṭiṟai, “king of the forester” = synonym of kāṭavaṉ, “forester”.

-

Hultzsch: Pūtūr = hamlet of Pennagaram.

-

See tfaPallava513, same slab (right of the present inscription).

-
- -
- -

-Edited in with facsimile and English translation (EI 7, no. 4.2.A), based on an inked estampage; text and summary in (IP no. 253/A); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs (2019). -

- - - - - - 23-24 - I/A - - - - - 627-628 - 253/B - - - - - - - - - 49 - B/1900 - 16 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00254.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00254.xml deleted file mode 100644 index dbc9c1cd0..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00254.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,200 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kīḻmuṭṭukūr hero-stone 4 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00254 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of Attimattar Murukaṉ, an inhabitant of Pākkam - and servant of Valimatura, chief of Takaṭūr-nāṭu, during a cattle-raid. - - - - -

See Hultzsch.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

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- - - - - Updating toward the encoding - template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
-

-kō-viceya-naraiciṅka-parumaṟ -ku yāṇṭu mūṉṟāvatu viṉ -ṟu-nāṭṭu vaṭa-karai Āḷun taka -4. ṭuūr-nāṭar valimatura-cēvakar pā -5. kkattu-k kuṭi Atimattar mu -6. rukaṉ mukkuṭṭuūr-t toṟu caṉma -7. turaru koḷḷa-t toṟu mīṭṭu-p pa -8. ṭṭār -

-
- -
- - - - °viceya° - °viceya° - - - °naraiciṅka° - °naraiciṅka° - - - valimatura° - valimatura° - - - pākkattu - pākkattu - - - koḷḷa-t toṟu - koḷḷa t-toṟu - - - paṭṭār - The syllable ṭā is very similar to ṭu. - - - -
- -
-

In the third year of the reign of the king, the victorious Narasiṁhavarman,—when Caṉmatura lifted cattlefn6: See above, p. 179, note 2. at Mukkuṭṭūr,fn7: Compare p. 177 above.—Atimattar Murukaṉ, an inhabitant of Pākkam and a servant of Valimatura, the chief of Takaṭūrnāṭu,fn8: On Takaṭūr, a place in the Nañjanagūḍu tāluka of the Mysore district, see Ind. Ant. Vol. XXII. p. 66. who ruled over the northern bank of the river in Viṉṟunāṭu, having recovered the cattle, fell.

-
- -
- -
- -

- Four hero-stones were found in Kīḻmuṭṭukūr: two dated in a year of the Pallava king Narasiṁhavarman (see also tfaPallava255) and two dated in a year of a Cōḻa king identified as Parāntaka I. See -

-

- (p. 360) notes: On page 177, above, it was stated that the fourth of the Kīḻ-Muṭṭukūr slabs had been lost since 1887. The Collector of North Arcot has recently succeeded in recovering the missing slab, hidden in a ruined tunnel and broken in three pieces. It bears, in relief, a warrior in a defiant attitude, who holds a bow and some other weapon. At the top of the sculpture is a Tamil inscription, now broken in two pieces, but tolerably well preserved. (...) At my suggestion the four Kīḻ-Muṭṭukūr slabs have now been removed to the Madras Museum. -The slab was indeed still exhibited in the Chennai Government Museum in 2019. The label accompanying it has been however interverted with that of another hero-stone from Viracholapuram (Vīracōḻapuram). -

-

- Note on Mukkuṭṭūr, ancient name of Muṭṭukūr. -

-

(p. 360, fn. 2) notes about Caṉmatura: The donee of the other inscription of Narasiṁhavarman was a servant of the same Caṉmatura. This name represents the Sanskṛit Sanmadhura and not, as I formerly suggested (p. 178 above), Ṣāṇmātura. -

-
- -
- -

-Edited in with facsimile and English translation, based on three inked estampages (EI 4, no. 52); text and summary in (IP n° 254); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs (2019). -

- - - - - - - - - - 254 - 629 - - - - - - - - - 9 - B/1897 - 119 - - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00255.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00255.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 5039179b0..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00255.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,220 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kīḻmuṭṭukūr, donation, time of Narasiṁhavarman, year 18 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00255 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of land to an individual. - - - -

Medial i and ī, u and ū interchangeable.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

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Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

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Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-naraciṅka-parumaṟku - yāṇṭu patiṉ eṭṭ-āvatu -

-

- caṉmātu - raṉ tam aṭi vārantara-cāṭṭaiyaṉārk=ku mu - k=kuṭuūr Avar-uṭaiya puṉ-pulamun naṉ-pula - EI kkuṭūr - mum Avar irunta maṉai-Uyum pā pu - ceytat’ oṉṟu kai-nniīriṟ pey - EI nnīriṟ - tu piramatāyaṅ koṭuttēm -

- -

- I - tu kāttār kāṉ mēla-v eṉ - ralai -

- -

- Aṟa maṟavaṟka -

- -
- -
- - - - mu - k=kuṭuūr - mu - kkuṭūr - - - - pā - pā - notes: This symbol is perhaps an archaic form of the figure ‘6.’ - - - - pu - pu - notes: This is probably an abbreviation for paṇam. A similar one is still in use; compare South-Indian Inscriptions, Vol. I. Nos. 52 and 55. - - - - kai-nniīriṟ - kai-nnīriṟ - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! -

- -

- Eighteenth year of the victorious king Narasiṁhavarman. 

- -

- We have given ... -

- -

- The feet kālNote the use of kāl instead of the more usual aṭi. of he who protects this donation are on my feet. -

- -

- Do not forget charity. -

-
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited and translated in (EI 4, no. 22A), with a photo and a facsimile; text and summary in (IP no. 255); re-edited and translated here by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on the previous editions. -

- - - - - - 177-178 - facing page 178 - facing page 182 - - - - - 630 - 255 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00256.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00256.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 5a5ff7b9f..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00256.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,253 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Baṅgavāḍi hero-stone - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00256 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

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- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-viceaiya-naraciṅka-vikkirama-parumaṟkiu - yāṇṭu Irupattu nālṉk-āvatu -

-

- daṭiyaṅrka - ḷum vpāṇa-rācar-um mayientira-mvikkiramar-um Eṟi - nta toṉṟutoṟu kanta-vpāṇāti-Aracar cēvakar ce - ḻikar eṟintu paṭṭār atu kaṉṉāṭakar-uṅ kāṅṇka -Itaṟk’ aḻippu pāta -ka -

- -
- -
- - - - kō-viceaiya° - kō-vicaiya° - kō-vicaiya° - - - - °parumaṟkiu yāṇṭu - °parumaṟk’ iyāṇṭu - °paruma yāṇṭu - We follow here the restoration of text proposed in , which is substantiated by the parallel in tfaPallava253. We, however, do not follow in considering that we have here iyāṇṭu, that is yāṇṭu with epenthesis. Although this is possible, it seems unlikely considering other attestations of the dative variant ki for ku. See, e.g., tfaPallava252, line 2, where the following word begins with p. - - - - - nālṉk-āvatu - nālk-āvatu - - - - daṭiyaṅrkaḷum - daṭiyaṅkaḷum - daṭiyaṅka - notes however that dāṭiyaṅkaḷ is a "vulgar form" for dāṭiyarkaḷ. ’s original reading, according to his transliteration’s scheme, is daḍiyaṅga, which represents, I surmise, daṭiyaṅka. - - - - mayientira-mvikkiramar-um - mayintiramikkiramar-um - mayintiramikkiramar-um - notes that mayintiramikkiramar is a Prākrit corruption of Mahendravikrama. - - - - Eṟinta - eṟanta - notes that mayintiramikkiramar is a Prākrit corruption of Mahendravikrama. - - - - toṉṟutoṟu - For toṉṟu as a variant of toṟu, refers to "See above, Vol. IV. p. 179, note 2, and Vol. VI. p. 163". - - - - °vāṇāti° - vāṇati - - - - cēvakar - cēvakari - - - - ceḻikar - cēḻikar - - - - eṟintu - eṟinta - - - - kāṅṇka - kāṅka - notes however that kāṅka is a "vulgar form" for kāṇka. - - - - aḻippu - aḻippu - - - - aḻippu pātaka - aḻi ṅ r pāta - - - - -
- -
-

In the twenty-fourth year of the reign of king Vijaya-Narasiṁhavikramavarman, Cēḻikar, the servant of Skanda-Bāṇādhirāja, fell, having seized back the cattle that had been seized by Daḍiya, Bāṇarāja and Mahendravikrama. Let the Kaṉṉāḍakas (i.e. the Kanarese people) look after this stone! [Those who] injure it [shall incur the five great sins].

-
-
-

Hultzsch: “bears the representation of a warrior riding on a horse at full gallop”.

-

Hultzsch: “reign of the (Gaṅga-Pallava) king Vijaya-Narasiṁhavikramavarman”.

-

Hultzsch: “The infinitive kâṇga is used in a similar manner in l. 105 of the Kaśākuḍi plates; SII 2, p. 351."

-

Reference to parallel(s) for the formula "[Those who] injure it [shall incur the five great sins]"?

-
- -
- -

-Edited in with facsimile and English translation (EI 7, no. 4.1); edited in with facsimile (line 6 missing) and English translation (EC 10, Mulbagal, no. 227); text and summary in (IP no. 252); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on the edition and facsimile published in . -

- - - - - - 22-23 - I - - - - - Text of the inscriptions in Roman characters - 152 - 227 - Translations of the inscriptions - 126 - 227 - - - - - 631 - 256 - - - - - - - - - 25 - B/1899 - 103 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00260.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00260.xml deleted file mode 100644 index fdd9bf572..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00260.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,136 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tirumayyam, time of ... - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00260 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - ... - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- ... -

- -
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Edited in (IPS 13); text and summary in (IP 260).

-

Re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on photographs (Emmanuel Francis, 2009).

- - - - - - 13 - 9 - - - - - 260 - 640 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00261.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00261.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 1b74f012d..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00261.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,195 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Taṇṭalam, construction, time of Pallavamārāyaṉ, year 10 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00261 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Construction of a sluice. - - - -

Medial i and ī, u and ū interchangeable.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - - - kāṭavar-taṅ kōṉ catti poṟ-ṟōṭṭil iṭṭa yāṇ - ṭ’ ēṭ’ iyal iīr-aintil iṭuvittā-ṉ[i>ī]ṭiya-ciīr - pallavamārāyaṉ paci niīkki taṇṭalattu-k - kal-l-ivar niīr-ēri-kkaliṅkum aṇṭattuḷōr matippavaṉ - - - - pōḷiyuūr-nāṭṭu-t taṇṭalatt’ ēri-k - kaliṅk’ amaittāṉṉ oṇ-ṭamiḻ-p pār - maṅkai-tāṉ virumbum pallavamārāyaṉ eḻiṟ-puū - maṅkai-taṅ kōṉ purintu . - - -
- - - -
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- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- ... -

- -

- ... -

-
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- Hail! Prosperity! -

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- In (the year) twice five (i.e. ten), which was engraved on palm-leaves,I.e. with which all documents issued at this time had to begin. (from) the year when (the name of) Catti, the king of the Kāṭavas, was entered on a gold leaf,This seems to refer to some custom observed at the coronation of a king; compare South,-Ind. Inscr. Vol. III. p. 135 and note 2.― Pallavamārāyaṉ of enduring fame, who is respected by (all) the inhabitants of the world, having freed (the villagers) of hunger, caused to be built also a sluice, composed of stones, for the water-tank at Taṇṭalam. -

- -

- The lord of the beautiful goddess of the (lotus) flower (i.e. Lakshmī), Pallavamārāyaṉ, who is beloved by the excellent goddess of the Tamiḻ country, graciously constructed a sluice for the tank at Taṇṭalam in Pōḷiyūr-nāṭu. -

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- Edited and translated in (EI 7, no. 5); text and summary in (IP no. 261); re-edited and translated here by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on the previous editions. -

- - - - - - - - - - 641 - 261 - - - - - - - - - 14 - B/1892 - 1 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00262.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00262.xml deleted file mode 100644 index eae1193ab..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00262.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,245 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kāñcipuram, donation, time of Pallava Abhimānasiddhi, no year - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00262 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of a golden plate and of an image by the Pallava Abhimānasiddhi to the god of the Parameśvaraviṣṇugṛha. - - - -

The puḷḷi is used. Medial i and ī not distinguished and interchangeable.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - - Āyuḷ cīr-p - -

- parameśvara-viṇ·ṇa-karattavarkk’ ōr āyiram· poṉ· pali-t-tā‡lamum paṭimamum -

- -

- cem poṉ ‡ yīiruppatterumāṉa-p poṉ· Abhimānasiddhi-y-āyiṉa ‡ pallavaṉ ṟā -

- -

- ‡ kuṭuttāṉ· eṉ·ṟ’ aṟimiṉ·kaḷē .

- -
- -
- - - - - Āyuḷ - Āyuḷ - The stone appears to have been damaged since the first edition by . Only the upper part of the final ḷ is visible. - - - - parameśvara° - parameśvara° - - - - palittā‡lamum - palittālam - - - - paṭimamum - paṭimamu - - - - cem poṉ - Āyiram cem poṉ - Contra , there does not appear to be enough space on the stone to accomodate āyiram. - - - - yīiruppatterumāṉap - yirappatterumāṉap - - - - Abhimānasiddhiyāyiṉa - Abhimānasiddhiyāyiṉa - - - - pallavaṉ ṟānṉē - pallavaṉ ṟāne - The reading ṟāne, that is tāṉē, by makes good sense, but there is today no trace of these letters on the stone, which appears to have been damaged since the first edition by . - - - - ‡ kuṭuttāṉ· eṉ·ṟ’ aṟimiṉ·kaḷē . - kuṭuttāṉeṉṟaṟimiṉkaḷē . - places these words, which are on another face of the base, at the end of line 1, but it makes sense to consider that these are in fact the end of the inscription as they are followed by a punctuation. - - - - - -
- -
- -

- Long life āyuḷThe word āyuḷ, “lifetime”, a Tamil tadbhava of Sanskrit āyus, appears to be used here as an auspicious beginning.! Fortune cīrThat is, a Tamil tadbhava of Sanskrit śrī.!This auspicious beginning contrasts with the usual svasti śrī. -

- -

- Know that he who he has given kuṭuttāṉ a plate for offerings and an image of one thousand gold coinsIt is not clear whether the gold is that used to make the plate and the image, to make the plate only, or the value of the plate and the image. to him who resides in the Parameśvaraviṣṇugṛha refined gold gold this is the Pallava alias Abhimānasiddhi himself. -

- -
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- Longue vie ! Fortune ! -

- -

- Sachez que celui qui a donné un plateau à offrandes et une image d’un millier de pièces d’or à celui qui réside dans le Parameśvaraviṣṇugṛha or de qualité supérieure or c’est le Pallava alias Abhimānasiddhi lui-même. -

- -
- -
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On the identity of the Pallava Abhimānasiddhi see and .

-
- -
- -

- Edited in (SII 4, no. 131); text and summary in (IP no. 262); re-edited and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on autopsy and photographs. -

- - - - - - 8 - 131 - - - - - - 642 - 262 - - - - - - - - - 5 - I/1887-1888 - 33 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 303 - IR 94 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00263.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00263.xml deleted file mode 100644 index f703059f2..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00263.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,170 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tirunāmanallūr / Tirunāvalūr <foreign>biruda</foreign> on string wall - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00263 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - - -
-

- śrī-kalinārai - -

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The crane of the Kali age

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- -
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La Grue de l’âge Kali

-
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- On a sculptured stone recently inserted into the west wall of the prākāra of the Bhaktajanēśvara temple at Tirunāmanallūr. Consists of the word Śrī-Kalinārai, which according to No. 365 formed part of the name of a shrine which has been recently demolished by the villagers. - - 21 - B/1902 - 376 - -

-
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 7, no. 1007); text and summary in (IP no. 263); re-edited and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs (2008). -

- - - - - - 479 - 1007 - - - - - pages - 263 - - - - - - - - - 21 - B/1902 - 376 - - - - - 304-306 - - - - -
- - - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00264.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00264.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 337e5ef06..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00264.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,207 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Poyyaṉūr, donation, time of Vayiramēkavarman, year 2 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00264 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold (?) for food offerings to a god temple. - - - -

Medial i and ī interchangeable.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- śrī-vayira-mēka-panmarkku -yāṇṭu 2-Āvatu -

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- tāmaṟ-kōṭṭattu -poykai-nallūr sabhaiyōmmm -

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- iv-vūr -tiru-v-akattiīśvaram-uṭaiya mahādevarkku -nitta tiru-v-amirtu paṇ mayil - tiru-v-amirtukkum-āka vaiyttavaitta -

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- - -
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- - - - - tiru-v-akattiīśvaram-uṭaiya mahādevarkku - tiru-v-akattiśvara - - - - vaiyttavaitta - vaiyta - - - - -
- -
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- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Second year of the glorious VayiramēkavarmanThat is, Sanskrit Vajrameghavarman.. -

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- We, the members of the assembly of Poykainallūr in the Tāmaṟkōṭṭam. -

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- For the Mahādeva, Lord of the glorious Tiruvakaṭtīśvaram of this village permanent food offerings that has given as glorious food offerings -

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On the identity of Vayiramēkavarman, that is, Sanskrit Vajrameghavarman, see : The surname Vayiramēkaṉ [fn3] is applied to Dantivarman in the Triplicane inscription [fn4]. As the characters of the present SII 12, no. 113 = DHARMA_INSPallava00264 and the following inscription SII 12, no. 114 = DHARMA_INSPallava00265 belong -to a later period than Dantivarman, the king figuring in these two records was probably different. A certain chieftain named Vayiramēkaṉ alias Vāṇakōvaraiyar figures in two inscriptions from Tiruvoṟṟiyūr [fn5], with whom Vayiramēkavarman of the present record may be identified.

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See also DHARMA_INSPallava00265, DHARMA_INSPallava00266, DHARMA_INSPallava00350, DHARMA_INSPallava00351. -

- -
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- Edited in (SII 12, no. 113), with a facsimile; text and summary in (IP no. 264); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - - - 53 - 113 - - - - - 644 - 264 - - - - - - - - - 78 - C/1916 - 150 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00265.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00265.xml deleted file mode 100644 index e7accd28e..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00265.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,267 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kīḻpulam, donation, time of Vayiramēkavarman, year 2 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00265 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of land for rituals to a god temple. - - - -

Medial u and ū interchangeable.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- śrī-vayira-meka-panmaṟku yāṇṭu -2Āvatu -

- -

- tāmar-k-kōṭṭattu-p pal-kalattu-t tiru-k-kūḷiccara -ttu Āḷvārkku Ivv-ūril muḷḷi-k-kuṭaiyāṉ Ātittaṉāḷi It-tē -varkku tiru-p-paṇi muūṉṟu -tēca-kālamum cēkaṇṭi -kai Uṭpaṭa Ai -ñc-āḷ koṇṭu ti -ru-p-pali-koṭṭuvataṟ -ku vaitta nilam -lli Uḻavāṉ eṉṟa ceṟuvum -Ūruvati-y eṉṟa ceṟuvum Iv -v-ūril uvaiccark’ uriyatu Eppoē -rpaṭṭatum koṇṭu Ivv-ūril Ara -yaṇicciṅka Uvaiccaṉ koṭṭuvat-āka vaittō -m pal-kalatt’ ūrōm -

- -

- Ivanṉukku Eppēṟppaṭṭa sama -paricāram vaittō -m -

- -

- In-nilattukku Ērum a -mañciyu Ivaṉ-ē-y cey -tu koṇṭu or’ āḷi nīr muṟai --tōṟum aṭaittu-k koḷvatāka vai -ttōm -

- -

- It-tirukkōyil-uṭaiya kū -ḷicivaṉum Ivaṉ tampi maticūta -civaṉum muūṉṟu tēcakālamum tiru-v-amu -tu kāṭṭi Iraṇṭ’ āḷ-k kāḷam u -tuvārkaḷ ākavum -

- -

- vaittōm pal-kalatt’ ūrom -

- -

- It-dhanmam· rakṣippār tiru-p-pātam eṉ tallai mēlaṉa -

- -

- It-dhanmam· Aḻittār keṅkā-k-kanyā -n=tarattu-c ceytār ceyta pāvattu-p paṭuvār -

- -

Ivai -kaṟṟaḷi-p perun=taccaṉ makaṉ Iḷaṅkāvaṉ eḻuttu

- - - -
- - - -
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- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- 2nd year of the glorious VayiramēkavarmanThat is, Sanskrit Vajrameghavarman.. -

- -

- ... we, the village delegates of Palkalam. -

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- To him, we have given whatever ... -

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- We have given ... -

- -

- We have given ... -

- -

- We have given so, we, the village delegates of Palkalam. -

- -

- The glorious feet of he who protects this pious act are on my head. -

- -

- He who destroy this pious act befalls in the sin of he does sin in the space between Ganges and Kanyā. -

- - -

- These are the writng of Iḷaṅkāvaṉ, the son of the great carpenter of this stone templeThe senior stone-mason of the temple acccording to .. -

- - - - -
- -
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On the identity of Vayiramēkavarman, that is, Sanskrit Vajrameghavarman, see DHARMA_INSPallava00264.

-

See also DHARMA_INSPallava00266, DHARMA_INSPallava00350, DHARMA_INSPallava00351. -

- -
- -
-

- Edited in (SII 12, no. 114), with a facsimile; text and summary in (IP no. 265); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 53-54 - 114 - - - - - 645-646 - 265 - - - - - - - - - - 78 - C/1916 - 152 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00266.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00266.xml deleted file mode 100644 index e3ee6de01..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00266.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,192 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Maṇampūṇṭi, hydraulic works, time of Vayiramēkavāṇakōvaraiyar, no year - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00266 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Construction of a tank sluice. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- vilāṭa -rāyar makaḷ aṇi -kōvaṉ oṟṟiyūr -pirāṭṭi vayira-mēka -vāṇa-kō-v-arayar -tēviyar niccavi -nīta-maṅkalaṉum -Ēri kaṇṭu tūmpu -Iṭuvittār -

- -

- I-dharmmam ra -kṣittar aṭi Eṉ -talai mēl -

- - - - -
- - - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Aṇikōvaṉ Oṟṟiyūr Pirāṭṭi, daughter of Vilāṭarayar and spouse of Vayiramēkavāṇakōvarāyar, having seen the tank of Niccavinītamaṅkalam.That is, Sanskrit Nityavinītamaṅgala, had a sluice placed to it. -

- -

- The feet of he who protects this pious act are on my head. -

- -
- -
- -

- On the identity of Vayiramēkavāṇakōvarāyar, see DHARMA_INSPallava00264, DHARMA_INSPallava00265, DHARMA_INSPallava00350, DHARMA_INSPallava00351. -

- -

- niccavinīta-maṅkalaṉum. “The auspicious village created by Nityavinīta." Nityavinīta appears to be a royal biruda. -

- -
- -
-

- Edited in 75; text and summary in (IP no. 266); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. Grantha letters and initial vowels not guaranteed. -

- - - - - - 647 - 266 - - - - - - - - - - 74-75, 78 - B/1934-1935 - 233 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00267.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00267.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 562425a1a..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00267.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,177 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Uttiramērūr, Vaikuṇṭhaperumāḷ, *** platform, *** base, gift of gold - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00267 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding - template v03 - Creation of the file on the - repository - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - -

- Uttaramēru-c-caturvvedi-maṅkalattu-k kuravaciri tukkaṭi bhaṭṭaṉ brāhmaṇi kan=ticcāṉiyēṉ Ivvūr-k kaṇa-p-perumakkaḷ Eṭuppitta cittira-kūṭattukku-k kuṭuttēṉ -

-

- nārāyaṇa-svāmikaḷukku-t tiruviḷakkukk-āka-p pattu-p poṉ kuṭuttēṉ -

-

- Itu sabhaiyārē raṭṣippār-āvarkaḷ śrī-pādaMkaḷ Aṭiyēṉ ṟalai mēlaṉa . -

- -
-
- - - - - raṭṣippār-āvarkaḷ - rakṣippār-āvārkaḷ - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

-

- I, Kanticcāṉi, a Brahman lady, wife of Kuravaciri Tukkaṭi Bhaṭṭa of Uttaramērucaturvedimaṅgala, I have given for the Cittirakūṭam that the great men of this village have built. -

-

- I have given ten poṉ for the sake of a glorious lamp for Nārāyaṇasvāmi. -

-

- The feet of the members of the assembly who will protect this pious donation are on the head of me, their servant. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 6, no. 354); text and summary in Mahalingam (IP no. 267); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), from autopsy and photographs (****).

- - - - - - 166 - 354 - - - - - 648 - 267 - - - - - - - - 18 - B/1898 - 70 - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00268.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00268.xml deleted file mode 100644 index bea6133d4..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00268.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,152 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Nārttamalai, construction of a sluice - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00268 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - ... - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- ... -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

Edited in (IPS 11); text and summary in (IP 268).

-

Re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on photographs (Emmanuel Francis, 2015).

- - - - - - 11 - 8 - - - - - 268 - 649 - - - - - - - - - 11 - TBC - - - - - 6 - 13 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00272.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00272.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 0e73d9046..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00272.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,173 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Koṭṭaiyūr hero-stone, time of Cōmaci-kō-tirumāṉ, year 21 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00272 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero. - - - -

Note the epenthetic u for r at the end of words.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
-

- cōmaci-kō-tirumāṉilṟku - Irupatt’ oṉṟ-āvatu -

- -

- mīkoṉ - ṟai-nāṭṭu peruum-puḷi-Ūy-ūr tol-tē - varur cuṭṭa ñāṉṟu maṟu-Atiraica - rur cēvakaṉ katava-cāttaṉ paṭṭāṉ -

- -
- -
- - - - °tirumāṉ° - °tirumāṉ° - °tirumaraṉ° - - - °tirumāṉilṟku - That is, tirumāṉ + infix iṉ + dative case ku. - - - -
- -
- -

Twenty-first year of Cōmaci-kō-tirumāṉNote on the meaning of Cōmaci-kō-tirumāṉ..

-

Katavacāttaṉ, the servant of Maṟu Atiraicar, died, when Tol Tēvar of Perumpuḷiyūr in Mīkoṉṟai-nāṭu attacked cuṭṭaNote on the meaning of this word. him. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
-

It is not clear if Cōmaci-kō-tirumāṉ designates a Pallava king.

-
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/62); text and summary in (IP no. 272); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 1971/62 - - - - - 658 - 272 - - - - - - - - - 58 - 37 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00276.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00276.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 9b710a610..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00276.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,175 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Naraciṅkanallūr hero-stone, time of Siṁhaviṣṇuvarman, year 33 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00276 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-ciṅka-viṇṇa-parumaṟku mu-p-pattu - mūṉṟ-āvatu -

- -

- kaṅkati-Araicaru makkarḷ mēṉl viṇṇaṉṉā - r cēvakanṉ toppuravaru-p-pāṭi Āḷkiṉṟa pacirap - paṇṇaṉ kuṟaṭṭātaṉ varamu koṇṭa ñāṉ - ṟ’ eṟin - tu paṭṭā - ṉ kanta - parup’ ēṉ - ṉātiyār - makaṉ ka - l -

- -
- -
- - - -
- -
- -

Tirthy-third year of the victorious king SiṁhaviṣṇuvarmanCiṅkaviṇṇaparumaṉ in the original Tamil..

-

This is the stone of the son of the general ēṉāti Kantaparupu / of KantaparupuThat is, Kantaparumaṉ, according to ., he who fell paṭṭāṉ fighting eṟintu when Pacirappaṇṇaṉ Kuṟaṭṭātaṉ, who was ruling over Toppuravaru-p-pāṭi and who was a servant of Viṇṇaṉṉār, took varamu against mēlLiterally “upon”. the people makkaḷ of Kaṅkati-AraicaruThat is, the Gaṅga king.. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
-

Kaṅkati-Araicaru: rather than a proper name, a generic title?

-
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/30); text and summary in (IP no. 276); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 1971/30 - - - - - 662-663 - 276 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00277.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00277.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 056315ae4..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00277.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,184 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Toraippāṭi hero-stone, time of Mahendravarman, year unclear - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00277 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero. - - - -

Note the epenthetic u for r at the end of words.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-mayēntira - parumaṟku ṟaṇṇu-Āvatu -

- -

- ka - ṅkaraicar-ōṭu pavvatu kaṅ - karaicaru makkaḷ poṉ - ṉantiyāru peru-mukai - eṟinta ñāṉṟu kaṅka - raicaru cēvakaru Eṟintu - paṭṭāru rārāṟṟū Āṇṭa - kuṉṟa-k-kaṇṇiyār - kal -

- -
- -
- - - - ṟaṇṇu-Āvatu - Reading difficult to make sense of. This is a year in the twenty according to . This is the first year according to . - - - rārāṟṟū - rārāṟṟū - rārāṟṟu - Reading difficult to make sense of. The reading rārāṟṟu by is apparently a typographical error as he gives Rārāṟṟūr in his summary. - - - -
- -
- -

- Twenty- ṟaṇṇu year of the victorious king MahendravarmanMayēntiraparumaṉ in the original Tamil.. -

- -

- This is the stone of Kuṉṟakkaṇṇiyār, who ruled Rārāṟṟūr, he who fell fighting/attacking, as a servant of KaṅkaraicarThat is, the Gaṅga king, when Poṉṉantiyār attacked Perumukai along with Kaṅkaraicar pavvatu and the people of Kaṅkaraicar. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
-

Kaṅkaraicar: rather than a proper name, a generic title?

-
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/33); text and summary in (IP no. 277); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous edition. -

- - - - - - 1971/33 - - - - - 664 - 277 - - - - - - - - - 59 - 40 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00278.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00278.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 6f086d636..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00278.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,186 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Karuṅkālippāṭipaṭṭi hero-stone, time of Mahendravarman, year 14 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00278 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero. - - - -

Note the epenthetic u for r at the end of words.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-macīntira - m-parumaṟku patiṉ ṉnāṉ - - k-āvatu -

- -

- mī - -vēṇṇā - ṭtu karuṅ - -kāli-pāṭi - Āḷ koṟṟa - vāciṟ karucā - ttaṉāru maka - ṉ kaṭṭaṅka - ṉṉāru poṟ - -kāṭāṉṉāru cē - vakaru naripaḷ - ḷi vīra-vāṇṇa - raiyaru makkaḷ - poṉṟ-pāṉaṉ - ṉār-ōṭ’ eṟintu - paṭṭāru kal - -

- -
- -
- - - - poṟ° - Only the kāl of o is unclear. - - - - -
- -
- -

Fourteenth year of the victorious king MahendravarmanMacīntiraparumaṉ in the original Tamil..

-

This is the stone of Kaṭṭaṅkaṉṉār ― the son of KoṟṟavāciṟProbably a placename. Karucāttaṉār, who rules over Karuṅkālipāṭi in MīvēṇāṭuThat is, Mēlvēnāṭu according to . ―, he who fell paṭṭār fighting eṟintu with Poṟpāṉaṉṉār, one of the people / the son makkaḷ of Naripaḷḷi Vīravāṇṇaraiyar, the servant of PoṟkāṭāṉṉārIt is not clear who is the servant of Poṟkāṭāṉṉār: Poṟpāṉaṉṉār, following and according to the names similarity, or Naripaḷḷi Vīravāṇṇaraiyar, according to straightforward syntax?.Alternative translation: “Kaṭṭaṅkaṉṉār fell. This is his stone. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/113); text and summary in (IP no. 278); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 1971/113 - - - - - 665-666 - 278 - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00279.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00279.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 2e20d5526..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00279.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,174 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Taṇṭampaṭṭu hero-stone, time of Mahendravarman, year 18 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00279 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero. - - - -

Note the epenthetic u for r at the end of words.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-mayīntira-paru - maṟku patiṉ Eṭṭ-āvatu -

- -

- mī - -vēṇāṭṭu Āntai-pāṭi Īcai - perum-pāṇaraicaru maru-makkaḷ - poṟ-cēntiyāñ cēvakaru toṟu - -k-koṇṭa ñāṉṟu mīṭṭu paṭṭā - ṉ vēṇāṭṭu nanti - yār kal ka -

- -
- -
- - - - ka - suggests these are to be read in continuation with line 7. - - - - -
- -
- -

Seventeenth year of the victorious king MahendravarmanMayīntiraparumaṉ in the original Tamil..

-

This is the stone of Nantiyār of Vēṇāṭu, he who fell rescuing mīṭṭu cattle when the servant of Poṟcēntiyāṉ, the nephew of Īcai Perumpāṇaraicar of Āntaipāṭi in Mīvēṇāṭu, seized cattle. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/77); text and summary in (IP no. 279); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 1971/77 - - - - - 667 - 279 - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00280.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00280.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 2d8926190..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00280.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,173 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Mōttakal hero-stone, time of Mahendravarman, year 32 (1/2) - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00280 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya mayēntira-parumaṟku mu - -p-patt’ iraṇṭ-āvatu -

- -

- yai to - ṟu-k koṇṭa ñāṉṟu poṉṟ-mōtaṉṉā - r cēvakaṉ Akkantai kōṭaṉ - toṟu viṭuvittu-p paṭṭā - ṉ kal -

- -
- -
- - - - mayēntira° - mantira° - Cf. DHARMA_INSPallava00280, same findspot, king, and year. - - - - -
- -
- -

Tirthy-second year of the victorious king MahendravarmanMayēntiraparumaṉ in the original Tamil..

-

This is the stone of Akkantai Kōṭaṉ, the servant of PoṟmōtaṉṉārCf. Poṟmōtaṉār in DHARMA_INSPallava00281, same findspot, king, and year., he who fell recapturing viṭuvittuLiterally “liberating”. cattle when yai seized cattle. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/88); text and summary in (IP no. 280); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 1971/88 - - - - - 668 - 280 - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00281.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00281.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 5a320df33..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00281.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,171 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Mōttakal hero-stone, time of Mahendravarman, year 32 (2/2) - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00281 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero in a fight with a tiger. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya mayēntira - parumaṟku mu-p-patt’ iraṇṭ-ā - vatu -

- -

- poṉṟ-mōtaṉār cē - vakaṉ viṉṟaṇ vaṭukaṉ - puli kutti-p paṭṭāṉ - kal -

- -
- -
- - - -
- -
- -

Tirthy-second year of the victorious king MahendravarmanMayēntiraparumaṉ in the original Tamil..

-

This is the stone of Viṉṟaṇ Vaṭukaṉ, the servant of PoṟmōtaṉārCf. Poṟmōtaṉṉār in DHARMA_INSPallava00280, same findspot, king, and year., he who fell fighting kuttiLiterally “piercing, striking”. with a tiger. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/89); text and summary in (IP no. 281); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 1971/89 - - - - - 669 - 281 - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00282.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00282.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 2444a4573..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00282.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,177 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Koṭṭaiyūr hero-stone, time of Mahendravarman, year 33 (1/2) - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00282 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero in a fight. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-ma - cīntira-parumaṟku - mu-p-pattu mūṉṟ-āvatu -

- -

- vāṇa-kō-Araicaru maru-ma - kkaḷ poṉṉarampaṉār - mēl vāṇa-kō-Araicaru maru - makkaḷ kantaviṇṇaṉā - r vēlmaṟutti-c ceṉṟa ñā - ṉṟu kantaviṇṇaṉā - r tañṉ ciṟṟappaṉār po - ṉṉitaṉṉār Iḷa-makaṉ - poṅkiyār makaṉ kat - ti Eytu paṭṭāṉ kal -

- -
- -
- - - -
- -
- -

Tirthy-third year of the victorious king MahendravarmanMacīntiraparumaṉ in the original Tamil..

-

This is the stone of the son of Poṅkiyār, who was also the younger son iḷa-makaṉ of Poṉṉitaṉṉār, the honourable paternal uncle of KantaviṇṇaṉārLiterally “Kantaviṇṇaṉār, of him the paternal uncle”., he who fell hit eytu by a knife, when Kantaviṇṇaṉār, the nephew of the royal Bāṇa king marched ceṉṟuLiterally “went”. in Vēlmaṟutti against mēlLiterally “upon”. Poṉṉarampaṉār, the nephew of the royal Bāṇa king. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/63); text and summary in (IP no. 282); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 1971/63 - - - - - 670-671 - 282 - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00283.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00283.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 8b3182ea8..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00283.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,184 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Koṭṭaiyūr hero-stone, time of Mahendravarman, year 33 (2/2) - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00283 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero in a fight. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-viycaiya-mayēntira-parumaṟku - mu-p-pattu mūṉṟ-āvatu -

- -

- vānā-kō-Araicaru - maru-makkaḷ-uṭ poṇaimaṇaiṉṉār makaṉ - ṉār poṉṉarampaṉār mēl Iṇṇapantar makaṉṉār kantaviṇṇaṉār vēlaṭṭuṇ - mēl-c ceṉṟ’ eṟinta ñāṉṟu - nalla - ṉāy ti - rintu pa - ṭṭāṉ - kantaviṇṇa - ṉār cēvaka - ṉ puta - ṇaṭi makka - ḷ - - taṉeta ma - nātaṉ - -

- -
- -
- - - -
- -
- -

Tirthy-third year of the victorious king MahendravarmanMayēntiraparumaṉ in the original Tamil..

- -

This is the stone of , the honourable son of Putaṇaṭi and the servant of the honourable KantaviṇṇaṉIt is not clear if the servant is the son, whose name is lost, or his father., he who fell nallaṉāy tirintu, when the honourable Kantaviṇṇaṉ, the son of Iṇṇapantar attacked eṟinta marching ceṉṟa upon mēl Vēlaṭṭuṇ against mēl the honourable Poṉṉarampaṉ, the son of poṇaimaṇaiṉṉār, one among the nephews of the royal Bāṇa king. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/64); text and summary in (IP no. 283); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 1971/64 - - - - - 672-673 - 283 - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00284.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00284.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 301d666a9..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00284.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,184 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Eṭuttaṉūr hero-stone, time of Mahendravarman, year 34 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00284 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero in a fight. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya - mayiēntira-parumaṟku - mu-p-pattu naṅk-āvatu -

- -

- vāṇa-kō - -Araicaru maru-makkaḷ poṟṟokkai - -Āyār Iḷa-makaṉ karun-tēva-k-katti taṉ - ṉṉ erumai-p - -puṟattē vā - ṭi-p paṭṭā - ṉ kal -

-
- -
- - - - mu-p-pattu naṅk-āvatu - reads "fifty-fourth". - - - vāṭi-p paṭṭāṉ - vāṭi paṭṭāṉ - - - - - -
- -
- -

Tirthy-fourth year of the victorious king MahendravarmanMayientiraparumaṉ the original Tamil..

- -

This is the stone of Karuntēvakkatti, the younger son of Poṟṟokkaiyār, the nephew of the royal Bāṇa king, he who fell and died vāṭi in the buffalo shed erumaippuṟamSee for this meaning. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
-

See DHARMA_INSPallava00527 for the label of the dog represented on the same slab.

-
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/59); text and summary in (IP no. 284.1); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions and the facsimile in . -

- - - - - - 1971/59 - - - - - 674-675 - 284 - - - - - - - - - 59 - 40 - - - - - 23 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00285.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00285.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 98ca093f0..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00285.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,187 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Cē. Kūṭalūr hero-stone, time of Mahendravarman, year 38 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00285 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero in a fight. - - - -

Two types of ṉ. Compare occurrences in lines 6 to 8.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicai - ya-maIyintira-paru - maṟ·ku mu-p-patt’ eṭṭ-ā - vātu -

- -

- vāṇa-kō-Av-araicaru maru - -makkaḷ kan·ta-viṇṇa - ṉār kūṭal toṟu-k koṇṭa - ñāṉṟu toṟu Iṭuvittu-p paṭṭā - ṉ poṉ·ṉarampaṉār kol·laka-c - cēvakaṉ· kākkaṇṭi Aṇṇāvaṉ kal -

- -

- kūṭal Iḷa - -makkaḷ naṭuvi - tta kal -

-
- -
- - - - kākkaṇṭi - kākaṇṭi - - - -
- -
- -

- Tirthy-eight year of the victorious king MahendravarmanMayIyintiraparumaṉ the original Tamil..

- -

- This is the stone of Kākaṇṭi Aṇṇāvaṉ, the servant of Poṉṉarampaṉār, he who fell recapturing iṭuvittuThat is (?), viṭuvittu, literally “liberating”. cattle when Kantaviṇṇaṉār, the nephew of the royal Bāṇa king seized cattle in kūṭal. -

- -

- This is stone that the people iḷa-makkaḷ suggests to translate as “soldiers”. of Kūṭal had planted. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/50); text and summary in (IP no. 285); encoded an re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on photographs (2009). -

- - - - - - 1971/50 - - - - - 676-677 - 285 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00286.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00286.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 295e14b68..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00286.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,177 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Cāttaṉūr hero-stone, time of Mahendravarman, year 39 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00286 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero in a fight. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-macīyēntira-paru - maṟku mu-p-patt’ oṉpat-āvatu -

- -

- vāṇa-kō-Av-araicaru maru-makkaḷ po - ṟṟokkaiyār carukkirunta-Ūr pō - ntai mēṟ cakkaravaru paṭai vanta ñā - ṉṟu nākkaiyār iḷa-makaṉ vattāva - ṉ makaṉ ṉan - ti Eṟintu paṭṭā - ṉ kal -

- -
- -
- - - -
- -
- -

Tirthy-ninth year of the victorious king MahendravarmanMacīyēntiraparumaṉ the original Tamil..

- -

- This is the stone of Nandin, the son of Vattāvaṉ and the younger son iḷa-makaṉ of Nākkaiyār, he who fell fighting eṟintu when Poṟṟokkaiyār and the people maru-makkaḷ of the royal Bāṇa king marched vantaLiterally “went”. with the army of Cakkaravar upon Pōntai in carukk-irunta-Ūr. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
-

- Poṟṟokkaiyār is mentioned in another inscription.  -

-
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/35); text and summary in (IP no. 286); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 1971/35 - - - - - 678 - 286 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00287.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00287.xml deleted file mode 100644 index a2a0f5f5b..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00287.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,177 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kaṇṇakantal hero-stone, time of Mahendravarman (?) - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00287 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero in a fight. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- - maru-mak - - kaḷ poṉṉarampaṉā - ṉār vāṇa-kō-Araicaru - maru-makkaḷ kantaviṇṇa - ṉār ṟala-p-puñci-c ceṉṟa - ñāṉṟu poṉṉarampaṉār cē - vakaṉ vaḷiya-p-pūṟār maka - ṉ tā - ḷa-c-cā - mi kal -

- -
- -
- - - -
- -
- -

- - - This is the stone of Tāḷaccāmi, the son of Vaḷiyappūṟār, the servant of Poṉṉarampaṉār, he who fell when Poṉṉarampaṉār, the nephew of the royal Bāṇa king, went ceṉṟu *ṟala-p-puñciThis phrase designates either the place of the fight or a complement to the action expressed by ceṉṟu (puñci, “having gathered”) or both. against Kantaviṇṇaṉār, the nephew of the royal Bāṇa king. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
-

- Poṉṉarampaṉār and Kantaviṇṇaṉār are mentioned in several other inscriptions (IP 282, 283, 285), on the basis of which the present inscription is interpreted and its missing text supplied. -

-
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/48); text and summary in (IP no. 287); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 1971/48 - - - - - 679 - 287 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00288.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00288.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 1cf380cf2..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00288.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,168 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Eṭakkal hero-stone - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00288 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero. - - - -

Note the epenthetic u for r at the end of words.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- ti - peṇṇai vaṭa-karai mēṟ-koṉṟai - nāṭṭu nika Iruntu tē - ṭu makkaḷ kuṉṟakaṭṭi ru paiya - ru toṟu-k koṇṭa ñāṉṟu paṭṭāru kal - -

- -
- - - -
- -

- This is the stone of he who fell paṭṭāruThat is, probably Kuṉṟakkaṭṭi. when Kuṉṟakkaṭṭi, a relative makkaḷ of , seized cattle when being iruntu in Mēṟkoṉṟaināṭu, on the northern bank of the Peṇṇai river. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
-

There are possibly further lines missing at the beginning.

-
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/66); text and summary in (IP no. 288); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 1971/66 - - - - - 680 - 288 - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00289.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00289.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 6ccf213f8..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00289.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,169 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Teṉmuṭiyaṉūr hero-stone - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00289 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- ṉu yār - kutirai makka - ṇṇamaṭ - kutti - paṭṭāṉ - kal - -

- -
- - - -
- -

- This is the stone of Kutti, he who fell paṭṭāṉ, a relative makkaḷAlternatively, “the nephew”, if the lacuna is to be restored as maru-makkaḷ. horse kutirai -

- -
- -
- -
- -
-

There are further lines missing at the beginning.

-
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/67); text and summary in (IP no. 289); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 1971/67 - - - - - 681 - 289 - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00290.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00290.xml deleted file mode 100644 index ca53bbb15..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00290.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,167 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Pōntai hero-stone - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00290 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- - cēvakaṉ narippaḷi - paṭṭā - ṉ kal - -

- -
- - - -
- -

- This is the stone of Narippaḷi, the servant of , he who fell -

- -
- -
- -
- -
-

There are further lines missing at the beginning.

-
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/92); text and summary in (IP no. 290); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 1971/92 - - - - - 682 - 290 - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00292.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00292.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 2c5bbd29e..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00292.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,175 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Mēl Puñcai hero-stone, time of Māntavarman, year 19 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00292 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- mānta-parumaṟku pati - oṉṟ-āvatu -

-

- koṅka - ṇi Araicaru paṭai-Ōṭu ciri - -kaṅkaraicaru caṅka-maṅkalat - t’ eṟinta ñāṉṟu ciri-kaṅkaraicaru - cēvakar-Ōṭu kaṉāya - r Eṟintu paṭṭa kal -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Nineteenth year of MāndavarmanMāntaparumaṉ in the original Tamil.. -

-

- This is the stone of KaṉāyarAlternatively kaṉāyar, taking into account the missing character as part of the name of the decesed hero., who fell paṭṭaNote the phrase paṭṭa kal, attested also in IP 291, instead of the usual paṭṭāṉ/paṭṭār kal. fighting eṟintu along with -ōṭu takes -ōṭu as part of the name of the deceased hero, that is, Ōṭu-kaṉāyār. the servants cēvakar of the glorious Gaṅga king, when the glorious Gaṅga king fought eṟinta in Caṅkamaṅkalam with the army of the Koṅkaṇi king. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
-

The identity of the king Māndavarman (Māntaparumaṉ in the original Tamil) is unclear.

-
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/100); text and summary in (IP no. 292); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 1971/100 - - - - - 684 - 292 - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00293.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00293.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 33df5547f..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00293.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,194 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Taṇṭarāmpaṭṭu hero-stone, time of Narasiṁhavarman, year 7 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00293 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-narai -ciṅka-parumaṟku yā -ṇṭ’ Eḻ-āvatu -

-

- vāṇa-kō-mut -taraicaru nāṭu pāviya mēṟ-kō -valūr mēl vantu tañ ciṟṟa-p --paṭikaḷai Eṟinta ñāṉ -ṟu paṭṭāṉ cēvarpari Aṭṭuṅ koḷ -ḷi turumā -vaṉār maka -ṉ mārkaṭa -laṉ -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Seventh year of the victorious king NarasiṁhavarmanNaraiciṅkaparumaṉ in the original Tamil.. -

- -

- This is the stone of Mārkaṭalaṉ, the son of Turumāvaṉār cēvarpari Aṭṭuṅ koḷḷi, he who fell at the time the royal Bāṇa Muttaraiyar attacked eṟintaLiterally “destroyed”. his tañThat is, taṉ in sandhi. uncle ciṟṟappaṭikaḷThat is, ciṟṟappaṉ + aṭikaḷ., when marching vantuLiterally “coming”. upon Mēṟ-Kōvalūr nāṭu pāviya. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- See DHARMA_INSPallava00294, from the same place and of similar content. -

-

- 6851 notes: The figure of a soldier facing left is engraved on the stone. It bears a bow in the left hand and a short stagger in the right hand. There is a festoon over the right hand. To the right of the figure is seen a casket, mirror while on the side of the left leg is seen a spout. -

- -

- The inscription is described as follows in : An inscription from Tandrampattu, in characters of about the eighth century A.D. and dated in the seventh year of the reign of Narasimhavarman, records the death of Marudakalan, son of Eruma[nda]nar while Merkovalur was auacked by Vanako-Puttaraisar. -

- -

- Naraiciṅkaparumaṉ (Sanskrit Narasiṁhavarman) has been identified as the Pallava king Narasiṁhavarman I by . -

- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/69); text and summary in (IP no. 293); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 1971/69 - - - - - 685-686 - 293 - - - - - - - - - 59 - 40 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00294.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00294.xml deleted file mode 100644 index c6b33bbd1..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00294.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,198 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Taṇṭarāmpaṭṭu hero-stone, time of Narasiṁhavarman, year 7 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00294 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-narai - ciṅka-parumaṟku yā - ṇṭ’ Ēḻ-āvatu -

-

- mēr-kōva - lūr mēl vāṇa-kō-mutta - raicar nāṭu pāviya tañ ciṟ - ṟappaṭikaḷ poṉmāntāṉār mēṟ - vanta ñāṉṟu poṉmāntāṉārkkāy-p paṭṭā - ṉ kaṭuvantaiyār makaṉ viṟcitai kal -

- -

- vāṇa - kō-k-kaṭa - mar -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Seventh year of the victorious king NarasiṁhavarmanNaraiciṅkaparumaṉ in the original Tamil.. -

- -

- This is the stone of Viṟcitai, the son of Kaṭuvantaiyār, he who fell for the sake of Pōṉmāntāṉār poṉmāntāṉārkku + āy, when the Bāṇa king Muttaraiyar marched vantaLiterally “came”. against Pōṉmāntāṉār, his tañThat is, taṉ in sandhi. uncle ciṟṟappaṭikaḷThat is, ciṟṟappaṉ + aṭikaḷ. nāṭu pāviya upon Mēṟkōvalūr. -

- -

- -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- See DHARMA_INSPallava00293, from the same place and of similar content. -

- -

- 6871 notes: The figure of a soldier facing left is engraved on the stone. He is seen holding a bow in his left hand and a short stagger in his right hand. Very near the right leg of the figure are seen sculptured a casket. -

- -

- Naraiciṅkaparumaṉ (Sanskrit Narasiṁhavarman) has been identified as the Pallava king Narasiṁhavarman I by . -

- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/68); text and summary in (IP no. 294); encoded and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 1971/68 - - - - - 687 - 294 - - - - - - - - - 59 - 40 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00295.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00295.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 97246a3ab..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00295.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,188 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Cāttaṉūr hero-stone, time of Narasiṁhavarman, year 11 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00295 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero in a fight. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-naraciṅ - ka-parumaṟku patiṉ oṉ - r-āvatu -

- -

- mēṟ-kōvalūr-nāṭṭu Aḷa - Iviṟpāṭi kaṭipakaiyār toṟu koṇṭa ñā - ṉṟu ceṉṟu toṟu Iṭuvittu paṭṭāru Uṇaṅka - yār makaṉār kōttaiyār cēvakaṉ Ārōkavaṇka - r makkaḷ - kaṇimāta - ṉār kal -

-
- - - - - -
- -

- Eleventh year of the victorious king NarasiṁhavarmanNaraciṅkaparumaṉ in the original Tamil..

- -

- This is the stone of Kaṇimātaṉār, the relative makkaḷ“servant (soldier?)” according to . of Ārōkavaṇkar, [who was] the servant of Kōttaiyār, who was the son of Uṇaṅkayār, he who fell rescuing iṭuviṭṭu cattle, when he went ceṉṟu at the time Kaṭipakaiyār of Aḷaviṟpāṭi in Mēṟ-Kōvalūr-nātu seized cattle. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- 6881 notes: The figure of a soldier facing left is engraved on the stone. It holds a spear in its left hand and a short sword in its right hand. -

- -

- Naraciṅkaparumaṉ (Sanskrit Narasiṁhavarman) has been tentatively identified as Narasiṁhavarman I by . -

- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/36); text and summary in (IP no. 295); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 1971/36 - - - - - 688 - 295 - - - - - - - - - 59 - 40 - - - - - 23 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00297.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00297.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 0c35e80d5..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00297.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,184 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Periya Kōḷāppāṭi hero-stone (1/2), time of Īśvaravarman, year 2 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00297 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Fragment recording the death of a hero. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-viycaiya-Ī-y-īccu - ra-parumaṟku yāṇṭu - Iraṇṭ-āvatu -

- -

- kīḻ - ṇuṭki niṉ - perum pōttaraiyā - r makkaḷ maṟuccēn - r kotti nat - paḷḷi - -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Fortune! -

- -

- Second year of the victorious king Īśvaravarmaṉ. -

- -

- -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/97); text and summary in (IP no. 297); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 1971/97 - - - - - 690 - 297 - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00298.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00298.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 4e65b15cf..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00298.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,191 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Mēl Paḷḷippaṭṭu hero-stone, time of Parameśvaravarman, year 2 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00298 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - - śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-paramēccuvara-parumaṟku - yāṇṭu Oṉpat-āvatu -

- -

- vamiṟaiyār vē - ṇāṭ-iḷa-k-kōvūr-nāṭṭu kō-Iyil paṭṭar van - tu toṟu-k koṇṭa nāṉṟu mēṟ-ceṅkai māmm-u - ṭaiya pāra - tāyar maka - ṉ toṟu mī - ṭṭu-p paṭṭā - ṉ mukaṉ -

- -
- -
- - - - paṭṭā - ṉ - - ṉ - - - - -
- -
- -

- Fortune! -

- -

- Ninth year of the victorious king Parameśvaravarmaṉ. -

- -

- Mukaṉ, the son of Pāratāyar, the lord of MēṟceṅkaiAlternatively, simply “Pāratāyar of Mēṟceṅkai”., fell recovering cattle, when Vamiṟaiyār, a temple dignitary kōyil paṭṭar in Iḷakkōvūrnāṭu in Vēṇāṭu, came and seized cattle. - -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/78); text and summary in (IP no. 298); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 1971/78 - - - - - 691 - 298 - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00299.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00299.xml deleted file mode 100644 index ce4c827cd..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00299.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,212 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tā. Vēḷūr hero-stone, time of Narasiṁhavarman, year 2 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00299 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero in a fight. - - - -

- - - 692 - 2 - notes: The script of the inscription is similar to that in the inscription from Tāḷaiyūttu. That is, INSPallava00300 and INSPallava00306.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-naraciṅka-parumaṟku Iraṇṭ-ā - vatu -

-

- vāṇa-kōṉ Atiyaraicar cēvakar mī-koṉ - ṟai-nāṭṭu mēl-vēḷūr Āḷum paṉṟaiyamā - rḷiyār Ivv-ūr-t toṟu-k koṇṭa ñāṉṟu paṭṭār -

- -
- -
- - - - - °parumaṟku - °parumaṟku yāṇṭu - °parumaṟku - - - - Iraṇṭāvatu - Iruaṇṭā - vatu - Iraṇṭāvatu - - - - vāṇakōṉ - vāṇakōṉ - vāṇakōO - - - - paṉṟaiyamārḷiyār - paṟaiyamā - ḷiyār - paṉaiyamā - riyār - - - -
- -
- -

- Second year of the victorious king NarasiṁhavarmanNaraciṅkaparumaṉ in the original Tamil..

- -

- PaṟaiyamāḷiyārPaṉaiyamāriyār, who rules Mēlvēḷūr in the Mīkoṉṟaināṭu, a servant of Vāṇakōṉ Atiyaraicar, fell at the time one took the cattle of this village. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- 6921 notes: The figure of a soldier facing left with a bow in the left hand and a stagger in the right hand is engraved on the stone. Above the right hand is seen a festoon engraved. To the right of the figure is the representation of a casket and a mirror while by the side of the left leg is seen a spout. The body and forehead of the soldier are found to be pierced by arrows. -

- -

- Naraciṅkaparumaṉ (Sanskrit Narasiṁhavarman) has been identified as the Pallava king Narasiṁhavarman II by . -

- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (EI 32, n° 12), with a facsimile; re-edited by (CN 1971/54); text and summary in (IP no. 299); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - - - - - 1971/54 - - - - - 692 - 299 - - - - - - - - - 12 - B/1933-1934 - 69 - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00300.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00300.xml deleted file mode 100644 index a87f4e0c5..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00300.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,180 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tāḻaiyūttu hero-stone, time of Narasiṁhavarman, year 10 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00300 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-naraciṅka-paru - maṟku yāṇṭu patt-āvatu -

-

- mī - vēṇṇāṭṭu-k kōval-Ūr araica - r perum-pāṇaāti-y-araicar cēvaka - ṉ ciṟṟupāṭi paṉaiyaṉār maṟi - toṟu-k koṇṭa ñāṉṟu - paṭ - ṭāṉ -

- -
- -
- - - - - kōval-Ūr - kōvalū Ūr - - - - °pāṇaāti° - °pāṇati° - - - -
- -
- -

- Tenth year of the victorious king Narasiṁhavarman. 

-

- Paṉaiyaṉār of Ciṟṟupāṭi, the servant of Perum-pāṇāti-y-araicar, the king of Kōvalūr in Mīvēṇṇāṭu, fell when seizing sheep maṟi considers Maṟi as the second part of the name of the deceased hero, that is, Paṉaiyaṉār Maṟi. and cattle. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/73); text and summary in (IP no. 300); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 1971/73 - - - - - 693 - 300 - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00301.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00301.xml deleted file mode 100644 index ec9269ffd..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00301.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,174 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Pōntai hero-stone (1/2), time of Narasiṁhavarman, year 12 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00301 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaaiya-naraci - ṅka-parumaṟku yāṇṭu paṉṉiraṇ - ṭ-āvatu -

- -

- mīkoṉṟai-nāṭṭu pācāṟṟu pakaima - tar cēvakaṉ toṟu Iṭuvittu paṭṭāṉ pa - ṇaya nāttaṉ -

- -
- -
- - - - - cēvakaṉ - According to , cēvakaṉ is corrected from cēvakar by the engraver. - - - - -
- -
- -

- Twelfth year of the victorious king Narasiṁhavarman. 

-

- Paṇaya Nāttaṉ, the servant of Pakaimatar of Pācāṟu in Mīkoṉṟaināṭu, fell recapturing cattle. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

Edited in (CN 1971/90); text and summary in (IP 301).

- -

Encoded by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions.

- - - - - - 1971/90 - - - - - 694 - 301 - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00302.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00302.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 1f60a44e8..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00302.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,161 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Pōntai hero-stone (2/2), time of Narasiṁhavarman, year 12 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00302 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaaiya-naraciṅka - -parumaṟku yāṇṭu paṉṉiraṇṭ-āvatu -

- -

- mī - koṉṟai-nāṭṭu pācāṟ’ āḷ pakaimatar cēvakar - toṟu Iṭuvittu paṭṭār vaṇṇakka cāttaṉār -

- -
- - -
- -

- Twelfth year of the victorious king Narasiṁhavarman. 

-

- Vaṇṇakka Cāttaṉār, the servant of Pakaimatar, the man āḷ of Pācāṟu in Mīkoṉṟaināṭu, fell recapturing cattle. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/91); text and summary in (IP no. 302); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 1971/91 - - - - - 695 - 302 - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00303.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00303.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 6a3fd91a3..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00303.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,162 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Toraippāṭi hero-stone, time of Narasiṁhavarman, year 12 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00303 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-viycaiAya-naraciṅka-parumaṟku yāṇṭu paṉ - ṉiraṇṭ-āvatu -

- -

- koṅkaṇi Araicar makaṉ vā - ccaṉ mēṟ ceṉṟu ciri-kaṅkaraicar ce - vōr Erinta ñāṉṟu paṭṭār ciri-kaṅkaraicar cēva - kar koṟṟaviṇaṟṟa kuṉṟāṉaṟ kal -

- -
- - -
- -

- Twelfth year of the victorious king Narasiṁhavarman. 

-

- This is the stone of Koṟṟaviṇaṟṟa Kuṉṟāṉaṟ, the servant of the glorious Gaṅga king, he who fell when the glorious Gaṅga king attacked cevōr marching upon Vāccaṉ, the son of the Koṅkaṇi king. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/34); text and summary in (IP no. 303); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 1971/34 - - - - - 696 - 303 - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00305.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00305.xml deleted file mode 100644 index a2b2a992e..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00305.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,170 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Maṇikkal hero-stone, time of ...varman, year 6 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00305 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya--pa - rumaṟku yāṇṭ’ āṟ-āvatu -

- -

- - ṟṟu mēl-vēṇāṭu ṇamī - -k koṟṟōṟuri kantavāṇaraicar - to - -

- -
- - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

-

- Sixth year of the glorious king varman. 

-

- Mēlvēṇāṭu Kantavāṇaraicar -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/120); text and summary in (IP no. 305); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 1971/120 - - - - - 699 - 305 - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00306.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00306.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 151a2dcb8..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00306.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,179 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tāḻaiyūttu hero-stone, time of Nandivarman, year 2 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00306 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-viycaiya-nanti-paṉṟa - ṟ-araiyarkku yāṇṭu Iraṇṭ-āva - tu - -

-

- Ūṇamiṟaiyār vēṇāṭ-iḷa-veṇ - maṟu-k-kōṭṭu vēṭṭuvar tāḻai-Ū-y-ūr - toṟu-k koṇ - ṭa ñāṉṟu tā - ḻai-Ū-y-ūr-uṭaiya - vaṇṇakka kaṭai - yaṉār toṟu - mīṭṭu paṭ - ṭār -

- -
- -
- - - - - °paṉṟaṟ° - Probably to be emended to °paṉmar°. - - - -
- -
- -

- Second year of the victorious king, the king Nandivarman. 

-

- Vaṇṇakka Kaṭaiyaṉār, lord uṭaiya simply translate as “of”. of Tāḻaiyūr, fell liberating mīṭṭu cattle when Ūṇamiṟaiyār, a hunter vēṭṭuvar of Iḷavenmaṟukkōṭṭu in Vēṇāṭu, seized cattle at Tāḷaiyūr. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/74); text and summary in (IP no. 306); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 1971/74 - - - - - 700 - 306 - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00307.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00307.xml deleted file mode 100644 index fd32fb33a..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00307.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,163 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kīḻ Irāvantavāṭi hero-stone, time of Nandīśvaravikramavarman, year 44 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00307 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-nantīccuva - ra-virkkirama-parumaṟku yāṇṭu nārpat - tu nāṟṉk-āvatu -

-

- malāṭṭu mēr-kōvalūr-nā - ṭṭu Irāmantaivāṭi mēṟ maṅkaḷa-peru - maāṉār paṭai vanta ñāṉṟu vāṇa-perumāṉārkk-ā - y-p paṭṭāṉ vēṇar - -k-kaḷiyaṉ -

- -
- - -
- -

- Fourty-fourth year of the victorious king Nandīśvaravikramavarman. 

-

- Vēṇarkkaḷiyaṉ fell for the sake of āy the Bāṇa lord when the army of the lord of Maṅkalam marchedLiterally: “came”. upon Iṟamantaivāṭi in Mērkōvalūrnāṭu in Malāṭu. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/51); text and summary in (IP no. 307); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 1971/51 - - - - - 701 - 307 - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00308.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00308.xml deleted file mode 100644 index e648b0c68..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00308.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,195 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Piñcūr hero-stone, time of Danti...vikramavarman, year 7 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00308 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaaiya-pallava-tanti - - ṭuku-vikkirama-paṉmaṟ - ku yāṇṭu Ēḻ-āvatu -

-

- Āṭaiyāṟṟu - pal-kuṉṟa-k-kōṭṭam nan-peru-mā - puñci - -Ūyūr-uṭai - ya kūta - ṉūr pā - taṉā - r kāli - -māṟaṉ - paṭṭār -

- -
- -
- - - - - kō-vicaaiya° - caya° - - - - °ṭuku° - °ṭuku° - The lacuna is probably mārpi or vi. Thus mārpiṭuku or viṭuku. - - - - ku yāṇṭu - ṭu - - - pal-kuṉṟa° - ṉṟa° - - - - -
- -
- -

- Seventh year of the victorious Pallava king Nandiṭukuvikramavarman. 

-

- Pātaṉār Kālimāṟaṉ of Kūtaṉūr, lord uṭaiya simply translate as “of”. of Nanperumāpuñciyūr in the Palkuṉṟakkōṭṭam in AṭaiyāṟuThe subdivision of district (Aṭaiyāṟu) is unusually stated before the district (Palkuṉṟakōṭṭam)., fell. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/72); text and summary in (IP no. 308); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 1971/72 - - - - - 702 - 308 - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00309.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00309.xml deleted file mode 100644 index da362e350..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00309.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,186 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Ciṉṉayyāṉ Pēṭṭai hero-stone, time of Kampavarman, year 3 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00309 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - -

- kō-vicaiya-kampa - parumarku yāṇṭu mūṉṟ-āvatu -

-

- vayira-mēka-vāṇa-kō-v-araiyar cēvakaṉ - mīkuṉṟai-ñnāṭṭu malaiyaṉūr-uṭaiya cempa-t - -toṇṭaṉ makaṉ kāri-p-perumāṉ pācā - ṟṟ’ erumai-t toṟu Eyiñṉāṭṭār koḷḷa-p - pācāṟṟūr pūcal-iṭa-p pūcal ceṉṟu kōvū - r-nāṭṭu-c ciṟṟ-iṭai-y-āṟṟu mutu-koṉṟai - mūkkiṉ mīmalai Āyaṅkayakkaraiyiṟ ce - ṉṟu muṭṭi malaiyaṉūr-uṭaiya cempar ma - kaṉṉṉ-āṉa kāri-p-perumāṉṇṉaṉ U - raiyilampumāḷa Evvip pattira muru - vi Etirē ceṉṟu paṭṭāṉ -

- -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Third year of the victorious Pallava king Kampavarman. 

- -

- Kāri-p-perumāṉ, the son of Cempattoṇṭaṉ, the lord uṭaiya simply translate as “of”. of Malaiyaṉūr in Mīkuṉṟaināṭu, the servant of the Bāṇa king Vayiramēkaṉ; -

- -

- while the Eyiṉāṭṭār-sThat is, the people from Eyil-nāṭu. seized buffalo cattle - Kāri-p-perumāṉ, alias the son of Cempar, the lord uṭaiya simply translate as “of”. of Malaiyaṉūr, - having come and fought muṭṭi in in Ciṟṟiṭaiyāṟu in Kōvuṟnāṭu - and having come for battle, while making great noise pūcal-iṭa, in Pācaṟṟūr - - fell, having come againt etiṟē vantu - - -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/56); text and summary in (IP no. 309); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 1971/56 - - - - - 703-704 - 309 - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00310.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00310.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 545bbda57..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00310.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,169 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Ciṉṉayyāṉ Pēṭṭai hero-stone, time of Kampavarman, year 6 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00310 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-kampa-parmaṟku - yāṇṭu Āṟ-āvatu -

-

- koṅka - tt’ eḻumāttūr Iruntu - vāḻuñ cākāṭa-c ciṟṟaṉ - mīkoṉṟai-nāṭṭu - -p puḷiyūr Eru - mai koṇṟṭa ñā - ṉṟu pūcalll ōṭi - mēl-vēṉāṭṭu maṇi - -k-kala-vaṭa-v-ūril muṭṭi E - rumai-t toṟu mīṭṭu mpaṭṭā - ṉ cākāṭā-c ciṟṟaṉ -

- -
- -
- -

- Sixth year of the victorious king Kampavarman. 

- -

- When Cākāṭāc Ciṟṟaṉ, who resides irunta vāḷum in Eḻumāttūr in KoṅkamThat is, Koṅkanāṭu. seized buffaloes in Puḷiyūr in Mīkoṉṟaināṭu, - Cākāṭāc Ciṟṟaṉ fell when running for battle, fighting in Maṇikkalavaṭavūr in Mēlvēṇāṭu and liberating buffalo cattle. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
-

The record is not clear about the connexion of both actions of Cākāṭac Ciṟṟaṉ, the first in Puḷiyūr in Mīkoṉṟaināṭu and the second in Maṇikkalavaṭavūr in Mēlvēṇāṭu. understands that he first fought at Maṇikkalavaṭavūr and then died at Puḷiyūr.

-
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/57); text and summary in (IP no. 310); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 1971/57 - - - - - 705 - 310 - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00311.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00311.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 2833dd3c4..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00311.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,228 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Vīraṇam hero-stone (1/2), time of Kampavarman, year 14 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00311 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero. - - - -

The puḷḷi is occasionally used. Medial i and ī interchangeable. ṉ (with long right stroke) similar to ḷ.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-kam·pa-p·-pōttarai - yarkku yāṇṭu patiṉāl-āvatu -

- -

- vāṇa-kō-v-araiya - r vaIyira-mēkaṉār vāṇa-kō-p-pāṭiyum· Ilāṭai-p-pā - ṭiyum milāṭuñ cōḻa-nāṭṭu-k kāviri-Iyiṉ va - ṭa-karai Ellām āḷā-niṉṟa kālattu vēṇāṭu muṉn-nū - ṟummm eIyiṉāṭ’ ain-nūṟu Āṇṭa nan·ti pe - - ru-māṉār - makaṉār A - kkaḻi-malla - ṉār veṉṇṇa - mum i-cāttaṉū - rummm āḷā-niṟka - maṅkaḷa-nā - ṭ-uṭaiya mā - -tēvar paṭai - cāttaṉūrai - Eṟiya - - veṉṇṇa - m-uṭaiya - maḻa-nāṭar - moṭappa - ṉ piṉpu ce - ṉṟu piṇa - ṅki vēṇā - ṭṭ’ ellai - yiṟ kārā - -c-caṅkaṉ - p-paṭṭār -

-

- maḻa-nā - ṭar kal -

- -
- -
- - - - - °kam·pa-p·° - °kampa° - - - - milāṭuñ - The final character ñ looks like ṉā. - - - veṉṇṇa - mum - veṇṇa - mum - - - - i-cāttaṉūrummm āḷā° - i-cāttaṉūrumm āḷā - - - -
-
- -

- Fourteenth year of the victorious king Kampapōttaraiyar. -

- -

- -

- -

- Stone planted by the Maḻanāṭar-sThat is, the inhabitants of the Maḻanāṭu.. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/47); text and summary in (IP no. 311); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions and partial photographic coverage. -

- - - - - - 1971/47 - - - - - 706-707 - 311 - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00313.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00313.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 22aefb465..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00313.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,187 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Iḷaṅkuṇṇi hero-stone - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00313 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- vēṇāṭṭ’ iḷaṅ-kuṉ - ṟi-y-āṉa vēṇāṭṭu maṇikka - lla kai koṇṭu vanta - ṭaikka kōtaṉ mēṭṭiṇa - ṉ ēṉāti makaṉ vāṇaṉ paṭṭā - ṉ -

-

- Akkaḻimallaṉ naṭu-vitta kal -

- -
-
- - - - - maṇikkalla - maṇikkalla - has maṇikkallai in his summary, that is the Accusative form. - - - - mēṭṭiṇaṉ ēṉāti - mēṭṭiṇaṉāti - mēṭṭiṇaṉ ēṉāti is restored following the summary in . - - - - Akkaḻimallaṉ - ḻimallaṉ - Akkaḻimallaṉ is restored following the summary in . - - - - -
- -
- -

- Vāṇaṉ, the son of the general Kōṭaṉ Mēṭṭiṇaṉ, fell when he came to besiege kai koṇṭuLiterally: “seizing, surrounding”. Maṇikkal in Vēṇāṭu, alias Iḷaṅkuṉṟi in Vēṇāṭu. -

- -

- This is the stone that Akkaḵimallāṉ has had planted. -

-
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/118); text and summary in (IP no. 313); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 1971/118 - - - - - 710 - 313 - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00314.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00314.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 8a16a039b..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00314.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,173 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kāñcipuram, Ekāmbaranātha, fragment (1of 2) - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00314 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Fragment comprising a biruda (?). - - - -

Ornate Grantha script.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- lanaḥ . nṛpa-cūḷāmaṇi -

- -
- -
- - - - - lanaḥ . - - - - - °cūḷāmaṇi - °cūḍāmaṇi - - - - -
- -
- -

the best among kings

- -
- -
-

le meilleur d’entre les rois

-
- -
-

This fragment is possibly to be considered with another fragment (INSPallava00358) as two parts of a single inscription.

-

According to Mahalingam - - xc - Nṛpacūḷāmaṇi is probably an epithet of Mahendravarman I. The palaeography however points towards one of his successors.

-
- -
- -

-First recorded in ; text in (IP no. 314); re-edited for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on the ASI estampage, consulted in Mysore with the kind permission of the Director of Epigraphy. -

- - - - - - 69, 272 - B/1939-1940 - 347 - - - - - xc, 713 - 314 - - - - - - - - - 292 - IR 72 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00315.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00315.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 24da1ddd0..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00315.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,145 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kāñcipuram, Kāmākṣi temple, time of Naraciṅkappōttaraiyaṉ - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00315 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - ... - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

...

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1954-1955/B/1954-1955/360).

-

Edited in ; summary in (IP 315).

-

Re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on the ASI estampage, consulted in Mysore with the kind permission of the Director of Epigraphy

- - - - - - 315 - 714 - - - - - - - - - 58 - B/1954-1955 - 360 - TBC - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00316.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00316.xml deleted file mode 100644 index af9471f0e..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00316.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,173 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Mahābalipuram Shore Temple biruda (1/2) - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00316 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - An isolated biruda. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- Ekavīra -

- -
- -
- - - - Ekavīra - The reading Ekavīraḥ seems possible, considering the other biruda inscriptions at Mahābalipuram. - - - - -
- -
- -

The unique hero.

- -
- -
-

Le héros unique.

-
- -
-

- - 715 - 316 - translates as “The unrivalled hero”.

-

This appears to be a biruda of Narasiṁhavarman II Pallava, also attested in IP 54, 60 and 63.

-
- -
- -

-First recorded in ; text and translation in (IP no. 316); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020). -

- - - - - - - - 715 - 316 - - - - - - - - - 89 - - - - - 289 - IR 64 - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00318.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00318.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 0fc1eefad..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00318.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,183 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Mahābalipuram Shore Temple birudas (2/2) - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00318 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Isolated birudas. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- śrī-bharaś citra-kārmmukaḥ -

- -
- -
- - - - - śrībharaś - śrībharaś - - - - citrakārmmukhaḥ - citrakārmukaḥ - It is probable that m is duplicated after r. - - - - -
- -
- -

The Fortune-bearer.

-

He whose quiver is wonderful.

- -
- -
- -

The Fortune-bearer.

-

He whose quiver is wonderful.

- -
- -
-

- - 715 - 316 - translates as “The bearer of prosperity” and “The wonderful archer”.

-

These appear to be birudas of Narasiṁhavarman II Pallava, also attested in INSPallava00054, INSPallava00060, and INSPallava00063.

-
- -
- -

- First recorded in - - 73 - B/1959-1960 - 263 - ; text and translation in (IP no. 318); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on the ASI estampage, consulted in Mysore with the kind permission of the Director of Epigraphy. -

- - - - - - 73 - B/1959-1960 - 263 - - - - 717 - 318 - - - - - - - - - 289-290 - IR 65 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00319.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00319.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 680201e93..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00319.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,167 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Mahābalipuram Shore Temple, temple name - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00319 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - A temple name. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- śrī-narapati-siṁha-pallava-viṣṇu-gṛha -

- -
- -
- - - - - °siṁha° - °siṁha° - - - - -
- -
- -

The glorious temple literally “house” of Viṣṇu built by the Pallava Narapatisiṁha The lion among kings.

- -
- -
- -

Le glorieux temple littéralement « maison » de Viṣṇu construit par le Pallava Narapatisiṁha Le lion parmi les rois.

- -
- -
-

Narapatisiṁha is probably a biruda of Narasiṁhavarman II Pallava.

-
- -
- -

First recorded in (ARIE/1966-1967/B/1966-1967/188).

-

Text and translation in (IP 319).

-

Re-edited here by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on the ASI estampage, consulted in Mysore with the kind permission of the Director of Epigraphy. -

- - - - - - 35 - B/1966-1967 - 188 - - - - - 718 - 319 - - - - - - - - - 290 - IR 66 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00320.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00320.xml deleted file mode 100644 index cefbe392b..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00320.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,159 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Vēṭal, boulder, time of Nandin, year 14 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00320 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - : Mentions viṭāl and viṭārpaḷḷi (probably), ’the Jaina temple at Viṭāl.’ - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- - -

- -
- -
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- -
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- -
- -

- (p. 77, §18) notes:Quotation updated to DHARMA transliteration scheme. - No. 82 of 1908 which is engraved on a boulder near a natural cavern called - Āṇṭār-maṭam at Veṭāl in the North Arcot district, belongs to the fourteenth year of - a certain Nandi and mentions a paḷḷi or - Jaina hermitage at Veṭāl. It cannot be - stated with certainty who this Nandi was. But as an inscription at Pāñcapāṇḍavamalai - written in the same old alphabet is dated in the 50th year of Nantippōttaraicar, - who has been identified with the Pallava king Nandivarman and as this latter is also - called Nandin in the Utayēntiram plates it may not be far wrong to suppose that - Nandi of the Veṭāl inscription is identical with Nandivarman Pallavamalla. -

-
- -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1908-1909/B/1908/82).

-

Recorded in (IP 320).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 320 - 719 - - - - - - - - - 13, 77 (§18) - B/1908 - 82 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00321.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00321.xml deleted file mode 100644 index f62893b29..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00321.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,161 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Viriñcipuram, time of Nandivikramavarman, year 47 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00321 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - : Damaged. Mentions Kalanippākkam in Mēyāṟu-nāṭu and refers to a - kaṉṉāṭu evidently erected in memory of the hero, who is represented in relief near the inscription with a bow and arrow in his hands. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- vicaiya-nanti-vikkirama-parumaṟku - yāṇṭu nār-patt’ ēḻ-āvatu [the rest of the text is not available] -

- -
- -
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- -
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- -
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Reported in (ARIE/1886-1887/II/1886-1887/55); reported again in (ARIE/1939-1943/B/1939-1940/207).

-

Date phrase Edited in (SII 1, no. 125); summary in (IP 321).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 133 - 125 - - - - - 321 - 720 - - - - - - - - - 6 - II/1886-1887 - 55 - - - - - 55 - B/1939-1940 - 207 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00322.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00322.xml deleted file mode 100644 index bc945c6ba..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00322.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,142 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kāppalūr, Tirukkāmēśvara, time of Dantivikramavarman, year 3 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00322 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Fragment. - - : Continuation of lines lost. Seems to register a gift of land by the assembly of Kāmappullūr to a certain Naraciṅkattiruvēti of Uṟuppuṭṭūr. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- - - -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1938-1939/B/1938-1939/277).

-

Recorded in (IP 322).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - - - 322 - 721 - - - - 38, 91 (§ 59) - B/1938-1939 - 277 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00323.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00323.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 767b70e9f..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00323.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,168 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Cīyamaṅkalam, pillar, construction of a sluice, time of - Dantivikramavarman, year 4 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00323 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Construction of a sluice by Aṭavi from Tiruppālaiyūr. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-ta - nti-vikkirama-paru - maṟkiu yāṇṭu nā - l-āvatu -

-

- Ūṟṟu-k - -kāṭṭu-k-kōṭṭattu-p - perum-pālai-Ūr - -t tiru-p-pālai-Ūr - kiḻavaṉṉṉ aṭavi śrī - -kaṅkareaiyar nērkuṭ - ṭi perumāṉārk=ku vi - ṇṇappañ cey - tu ceyvittatu - kumāra-vāy-t tūm - pu -

- -
- -
- -
- -
-

- Fourth year of the victorious king Dantivarman kō-vicaiya-tanti-vikkiramaparumaṉ. -

-

- Aṭavi, the lord kiḻavaṉ of Tiruppālaiyūr in Perumpālaiyūr in the district kōṭṭam of Ūṟṟukkāṭu, after having made request to the glorious Gaṅga king, the lord perumāṉār Nērkuṭṭi, the sluice tūmpu named Kumāṟavāy that he had made. -

-
- -
- -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1956-1957/B/1956-1957/131).

-

Summary in (IP no. 323).

-

Edited and translated here by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs (Emmanuel Francis, 2019). -

- - - - - - 323 - 722 - - - - - - - - - 54 - B/1956-1957 - 131 - - - - 89-94 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00324.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00324.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 7d9439758..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00324.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,157 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiṉṉaṉūr, lamp pillar, time of Dantivarman, year 9 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00324 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - : Highly damaged. Mentions the sabhā of Niṉṟavūr. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- -
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- (p. 86, §22) notes:Quotation updated to DHARMA transliteration scheme. - It mentions - the sabhā of Niṉṟavūr which was evidently - the old name of the village (Tiruniṉṟavūr) which has become the modern - Tiṉṉaṉūr. This Niṉṟavūr should be identical with the village of the same - mentioned in No. 176 of 1930 from Piḷḷaippākkam in the same taluk, which - registers a regulation framed by the assembly of Niṉṟavūr. The slab on which - this latter record is engraved had apparently belonged to this village and - may have later found its way to Piḷḷaippākkam. -

-
- -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1937-1938/B/1937-1938/168).

-

Recorded in (IP 324).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 324 - 723 - - - - - - - - - 25, 86 (§22) - B/1937-1938 - 168 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00325.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00325.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 9fb367834..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00325.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,158 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Maṇalūrpēṭ, time of Nandivikramavarman, year 5 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00325 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 53): Fragment. Registers gift of a village for offerings and lamp, by Mahādēvaṭikaḷ, the daughter of Vāṇakōvaraiyar Siddhavaṭavaṉār (with the permission of her elder brother) . . . . . . yar Vayirimēkaṉār. Another fragment in the same place dated in the 7th year, probably of the same king, registers gift of gold for offerings to the god by Pullāli Cāttaṉ. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
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-

- (p. 87, §23) notes:Quotation updated to DHARMA transliteration scheme. - No. 469 which is an - incomplete record dated in the 5th year of Nandivarman, consists of detached - stones, and from it it is inferred that a certam Vayiramēkaṉār was the son of - Vāṇakōvaraiyar Siddhavaṭaṉār and was ruling in the locality and that at the - request of his younger sisterI Mahādevaṭikaḷ, an endowment was made to the - temple at Maṇaḷūr. In two inscriptionsns at Tiruvoṟṟiyūr (Nos. 158 and 161 of 1912) - a certain Vayiramēkaṉ alias Vāṇakōvaraiyaṉ, the son of Perunaṅkai or Cami Akkaṉ - is mentioned in the reign of the Pallava king Aparājita, and since in the present - inscription a Vāṇakōvaraiyaṉ Vayiramēkaṉ is stated ,to be the son of Siddhavaṭavaṉ - he may be different from the former. -

-
- -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1937-1938/B/1937-1938/469).

-

Recorder in (IP 325).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 325 - 724 - - - - - - - - - 53, 86-87 (§23) - B/1937-1938 - 469 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00326.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00326.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 6a67a56cb..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00326.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,146 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Ciṟunāvalūr, time of Nantippōttaraiyar, year 6 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00326 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - : Carelessly engraved and fragmentary. Mentions (village) Iracai. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
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- -
- -
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- -
- -
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Reported in (ARIE/1939-1943/B/1940-1941/206).

-

Summary in (IP 326).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 326 - 725 - - - - - - - - - 95 - B/1940-1941 - 206 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00327.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00327.xml deleted file mode 100644 index dd6ede241..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00327.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,153 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Maṇalūrpēṭ, time of [unspecified], year 13 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00327 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 53): In characters of the 9th century A.D. Registers gift of gold by Cāttaṉ . . . . of Pāṇṭi-nāṭu for a lamp in the temple. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
-

- (p. 87, §23) notes:Quotation updated to DHARMA transliteration scheme. - No. 468 dated in the 13th - year of an unspecified king, but which paleographically resembles the record of - Nandivarman noticed above [DHARMA_INSPallava00325], may be assigned to the same king. This inscription - gives the name of the god of Maṇalūr as Tiru-Uḻutīśvarattu Mahādeva, i.e., - Mahādeva of Uḷutīśvaram (Rudreśvaram?), but the origin of this name is not clear. -

-
- -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1937-1938/B/1937-1938/468).

-

Recorded in (IP 327).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 327 - 726 - - - - - - - - - 53, 86-87 (§23) - B/1937-1938 - 468 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00328.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00328.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 95983966c..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00328.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,146 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Maṇalūrpēṭ, time of Nandivikramavarman, year 18 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00328 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 53): Fragment. Registers gift of gold by Tēva-māṟaṉ, a member of the gaṇa of the village, for a lamp in the temple of Tiru-Uḻuṭīśvarattu Mahādeva. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1937-1938/B/1937-1938/467).

-

Recorded in (IP 328).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 328 - 727 - - - - - - - - - 53, 86-87 (§23) - B/1937-1938 - 467 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00329.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00329.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 6d3fd8025..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00329.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,146 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruvoṟṟiyūr, time of Nantippōttaraiyar, year 18 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00329 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 24): Damaged. Registers an agreement given by the assembly of Nantiyampākkam in Nāyaṟu-nāṭu, to burn two lamps before the god Mahādēva Bhaṭārar at Tiruvoṟṟiyūr for the gold received by them from the king. In continuation of this is another damaged record of the same king dated in the same year, probably recording a similar endowment. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1937-1938/B/1937-1938/162).

-

Recorded in (IP 329).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 329 - 728 - - - - - - - - - 24, 86 (§23) - B/1937-1938 - 162 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00330.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00330.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 31c61f412..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00330.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,146 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Avilāla, time of Nandivikramavarman, year 21 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00330 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 26): Records gift of the taxes kallāṇakkāṇam and vītanāḻi leviable from the village, by Vikramāditya-Mahābali-Vāṇarāya, at the request of the queen Atippirasādi alias Vijjiyakkaṉār, for the maintenance of the tank at Avilāli. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1937-1938/B/1937-1938/188).

-

Recorded in (IP 330).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 330 - 729 - - - - - - - - - 24, 87 (§23) - B/1937-1938 - 188 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00331.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00331.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 1c187da84..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00331.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,146 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Puṅkaṉūr, time of Nṛpatuṅgavikramavarman, year 17 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00331 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 78): Incomplete. Refers to the construction of a well and a water-trough by Arikaṇṭaṉ and Paṟikkuṭṭi. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1939-1943/B/1940-1941/12).

-

Recorded in (IP 331).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 331 - 730 - - - - - - - - - 78 - B/1940-1941 - 12 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00332.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00332.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 606156b5e..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00332.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,149 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiṉṉaṉūr, time of Nṛpatuṅgavikramavarman, year 21 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00332 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 25): Highly damaged and incomplete. Records the formation of a colony called Vaṭukavāṇiyaccēri in the name of Vākūr-Tiruvaṭi at Niṉṟavūr in Puḻar-kōṭṭam and the rates of taxes leviable thereon. - - - (p. 87, §24): There are two damaged records of Nṛpatuṅga (Nos. 172 & 173) dated in the 21st year from Tiṉṉaṉūr which appear to be connected with each other. No. 172 refers to the formation of a colony, composed of merchants from the Telugu country (Vaṭukavāṇiyaccēri) in the name of Vākūr-Tiruvaṭi in the vicinity of Niṉṟavūr in Puḻaṟ-kōṭṭam, and to the fixing of the rates of assessment to be collected from the settlers by the assembly of the village. The imprecation attached to the inscription states that the members of the assembly who transgressed this resolution were to be considered as having wronged their Tiruvaṭi. The name Vākūr-Tiruvaṭi occurs in the inscription at Piḷḷaippākakam mentioned in para. 22 above which is dated in the 19th year of Parāntaka I, and records the regulations relating to the election of members for the village assembly by the wards of Niṉṟavūr, a village in Puḻaṟ-kōṭṭam. Vākūr-Tiruvaṭi mentioned here appears to denote the ‘President of the assembly of Vākūr (?)’ and not a personal name (cf. Ep. Ind., Vol. XXII, p. 231). - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- - - -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1937-1938/B/1937-1938/172).

-

Recorded in (IP 332).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 332 - 731 - - - - - - - - - 25, 87 (§24) - B/1937-1938 - 172 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00333.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00333.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 4825e3f5f..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00333.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,150 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiṉṉaṉūr, time of Nṛpatuṅgavikramavarman, year 21 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00333 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 25): Highly damaged. Seems to be connected with the previous inscriptionARIE/1937-1938/B/1937-1938/172. The record is signed by the son of Manu-kulōttamaṉ of Vākūr, the madhyastha (of the village). - - - (p. 87, §24): There are two damaged records of Nṛpatuṅga (Nos. 172 & 173) dated in the 21st year from Tiṉṉaṉūr which appear to be connected with each other. No. 172 refers to the formation of a colony, composed of merchants from the Telugu country (Vaṭukavāṇiyaccēri) in the name of Vākūr-Tiruvaṭi in the vicinity of Niṉṟavūr in Puḻaṟ-kōṭṭam, and to the fixing of the rates of assessment to be collected from the settlers by the assembly of the village. The imprecation attached to the inscription states that the members of the assembly who transgressed this resolution were to be considered as having wronged their Tiruvaṭi. The name Vākūr-Tiruvaṭi occurs in the inscription at Piḷḷaippākakam mentioned in para. 22 above which is dated in the 19th year of Parāntaka I, and records the regulations relating to the election of members for the village assembly by the wards of Niṉṟavūr, a village in Puḻaṟ-kōṭṭam. Vākūr-Tiruvaṭi mentioned here appears to denote the ‘President of the assembly of Vākūr (?)’ and not a personal name (cf. Ep. Ind., Vol. XXII, p. 231). - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- - -
- -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1937-1938/B/1937-1938/173).

-

Recorded in (IP 333).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 333 - 732 - - - - - - - - - 25 - B/1937-1938 - 173 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00334.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00334.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 9e792d227..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00334.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,249 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tirucceṉṉampūṇṭi, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅgavikramavarman, year 25 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00334 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for feeding devotees at the time of festival flag raising. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - -
- - - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-nīi - rupatouṅka-vi - kkirama-parumaṟku - yāṇṭu Iru-pat - t-aiñt-āvatu -

- -

- ti - ru-k-kaṭai-muṭi-tiru - viḻā-k-koṭi Eṟṟu - ñāṉṟu paṉ - mayeśvara - r Ūṭṭa vaitta - poṉ paḻaṅ - kāciṉōṭu 2 100 - oāppatu śrī - -kanṭapurattu -

- -

- -

- -
- -
- - - - - Eṟṟu - ñāṉṟu - That is, eṟṟum ñāṉṟu in sandhi. - - - - ñāṉṟu - naḷaṉṟu - - - - paṉ - mayeśvara - r - paṉ - mayaiśvara - r - - - - Ūṭṭa - uṟṟa - - - - poṉ - poṉ - The kompu of the medial o is lost. - - - - kāciṉōṭu - kāciṉā - - - - 2 100 - 2 100 - Alternative reading: Uḷ. - - - - oāppatu - pipatu - appears to read oppatu, "that which is equal to", which makes sense. The orginal full reading might be yoppatu. - - - - kanṭapurattu - kanṭapura - - - - -
- - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Twenty-fifth year of the victorious king Nṛpatuṅgavikramavarman -

- -

- With the old gold coins given so as to feed ūṭṭa the Paṉmāheśvaras, at the time of raising eṟṟum the flag for the glorious festival of Tirukkaṭaimuṭi, that is, 200 of/in the glorious Kaṇṭapuram - -

- -

- -

-
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Summary in (IP n° 194); Edited and translated by ; edited and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis, based on previous edition(s) and photos (EFEO). - -

- - - - - - 733 - 334 - - - - - 316-317 - 12 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00335.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00335.xml deleted file mode 100644 index c97b2a932..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00335.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,148 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Maṭavalam, time of Nṛpatuṅgavikramavarman, year 41 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00335 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 23): Engraved above and by the side of a panel of sculptures depicting heroes. Gives the names of four persons who fell while rescuing the cattle at Āḻakam. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

(p. 56, §3) notes: - ...

-
- -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1943-1945/B/1943-1944/138).

-

Recorded in (IP 335).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 335 - 734 - - - - - - - - - 23, 56 (§3) - B/1943-1944 - 138 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00336.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00336.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 3d4db69c1..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00336.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,146 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kīrappākkam, time of Kampa, year 17 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00336 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 10): Damaged. Seems to register a gift of 20 kuḻis of land for the upkeep of the tank at Kīraippāttūr by ti Caṅkaṉ. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- - - - - -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1934-1935/B/1934-1935/20).

-

Summary in (IP 336).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 336 - 735 - - - - - - - - - 10 - B/1934-1935 - 20 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00337.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00337.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 5829b012c..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00337.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,146 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Civaṉvāyal, time of Kampavarman, no year - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00337 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 40): Incomplete. Mentions the sabhā of Civanvāyal and Niṉṟaiyūr. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- - - - - -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1943-1945/B/1944-1945/13).

-

Recorded in (IP 337).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 337 - 736 - - - - - - - - - 40 - B/1944-1945 - 13 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00338.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00338.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 9b2b05cc6..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00338.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,146 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kaḷiñcūr, time of Kampavikramavarman - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00338 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 46): Seems to record a gift of 2 kaḻañcus of gold for burning a lamp in the temple. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- - - - - -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1952-1953/B/1952-1953/201).

-

Recorded in (IP 338).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 338 - 737 - - - - - - - - - 46 - B/1952-1953 - 201 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00339.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00339.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 952013293..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00339.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,148 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tūci, Vaikuṇṭha Perumāḷ temple, time of Kampavikramavarman - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00339 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - IAR 1969-1970 (no. 39, p. 50): This incomplete inscription in Tamil language and characters of the ninth century A.D., engraved on the tripattakumuda of the north and south walls of the Vaikuṇṭha Perumāḷ temple, is dated in the twenty-fifth year in the reign of Pallava Vijaya-Kampavarman. It mentions Cittiramēkataṭākam in Kaliyūr-kōttam and seems to record a gift of land endowed to a deity called Irunta-Perumāṉaṭikaḷ as devadāna and made tax-free for conducting a festival for seven days from Vicākam to Tiruvōṇam in the month of Vaikāci every year. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- - - -
- -

From (ARIE 1892-1893, p. 6) and (SII 3, p. 8), we learn that the temple name is Vīṟṟirunta Perumāḷ and that the Pallava king is named Kō-Vicaiya-Kampa-Vikramavarman.

-
- -
- -

Reported in (ARIE 1892-1893, p. 6), in (SII 3, p. 8), and in IAR 1969-1970 (no. 39, p. 50).

-

Recorded in (IP 339).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 339 - 738 - - - - - - - - - 6 - - - - - 235-236 - 103 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00340.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00340.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 25004eb08..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00340.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,200 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kāppalūr, Tirukkāmēśvara, time of Kampavarman, year lost - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00340 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Land donation by the assembly of Kāmappullūr to a Brahmin. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - -

- kō-vicaiya-kampa-vikkirama-varmmarkku yāṇṭu -

-

- vacu - kūr-nāṭṭu-k kāma-p-pullūr sabhaiyōm kīḻvati kumā - ṭaraiyum Āvaṭṭai kiḻavar pakkal pratigraham peṟṟa Ōṉṟ’ araiyu I - ttāruḷ Uṟuppiuṭṭuūr naraciṅka-t-tiruvētikku kuṭuttōm sa -

-

- tiṉ kāṭi Āṇapaṭi nūṟṟ-iru-patiṉ kāṭi nel puṟa-k kālāl - -

- -
- -
- - - - - °vikkirama-varmmarkku - °vikkarama-varmarkku - - - - - vacukūr-nāṭṭu-k - vacakūr nāṭṭu pakkal - The lacuna before °kūr-nāṭu can be restored as pal-kuṉṟa-k-kōṭṭattu vacu°. See INSTamilNadu00020, lines 13-14 - - - - sabhaiyōm - capaiyōm - - - - kīḻvati kumā - kiḻavatikumata - - - - ṭaraiyum Āvaṭṭai kiḻavar pakkal - raiyum pakkal - - - - -
- -
- -

Prosperity! Fortune!

- -

We, the members of the assembly of Kāmapullūr in Vacukūrnāṭu itself as subdivision in the Palkuṉṟakkōṭṭam one and a half obtained as a favour ? pratigraha from We have given it to NaraciṅkattiruvētiSanskrit Narasiṃha Trivedin. of Uṟuppuṭṭūr, We, the members of the assembly .

- -

one hundred twenty kāṭis of paddy

- -
- -
- -

(p. 39): Continuation of lines lost. Seems to register a gift of land by the assembly of Kāmappullūr to a certain Naraciṅkattiruvēti of Uṟuppuṭṭūr. (p. 91): probably as a bhaṭṭavṛtti.

- -
- -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1938-1939/B/1938-1939/282).

-

Summary in (IP 340).

-

Edited in - 75, who does not read anything after the word pakkal in line 3.

-

Edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2024), based ASI transcript consulted in Mysore (2004) by courtesy of Director (Epigraphy).

- - - - - - 340 - 739 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 39, 91 (§ 59) - B/1938-1939 - 282 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00341.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00341.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 46e1452f9..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00341.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,146 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Pērattūr, time of <unclear>Ka</unclear>mpavarman, year lost - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00341 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 40): Fragmentary. Mentions Īkkāṭu and Kākkalūr. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

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- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- - - - - -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1943-1945/B/1944-1945/8).

-

Recorded in (IP 341).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 341 - 740 - - - - - - - - - 40 - B/1944-1945 - 8 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00342.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00342.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 89fa111e2..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00342.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,144 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Somanāthapuram, temple’s tank fragment - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00342 - - -

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Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Details not available. - - - -

Details not available.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

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Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

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- - - - - Updating toward the encoding - template v03 - Creation of the file on the - repository - - - - - -
- -

- [Text not available] -

- -
-
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

Reported in - 130 - U 45.

-

Recorded in .

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 130 - U 45 - - - - - 741 - 342 - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00343.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00343.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 6aa833fef..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00343.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,146 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Paṭṭaṟaipperumputūr, time of <unclear>Apa</unclear>rājitavarman, year 5 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00343 - - -

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Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 49): Fragmentary and incomplete. Registers a gift of land as balippaṭṭi to the servants of the temple of Kuṁbhakarṇīśvara by Pallavataraiyaṉ of Perumūr in Perumūr-nāṭu in Ikkāṭṭu-kkōṭṭam. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

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Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

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- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- - - - - -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1952-1953/B/1952-1953/236).

-

Recorded in (IP 343).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 343 - 742 - - - - - - - - - 49 - B/1952-1953 - 236 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00344.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00344.xml deleted file mode 100644 index b2fcee860..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00344.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,154 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruvoṟṟiyūr, Valmīkanātha temple, time of Aparājitavarman, year 5 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00344 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

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Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 24): Damaged. Registers a gift of gold by a certain Kuṭṭiyāḷi Brahmādhirājaṉ for burning a lamp in the temple. - - - (p. 87): The last Pallava king Aparājita is represented by a single inscription - (No. 165) from Tiruvoṟṟiyūr. It is dated in his 5th year and registers a gift of 30 - kaḻañcus of gold by Kuṭṭiyāḷi Brahmādhirājaṉ - of Tirukkaṭavūr-nāṭu in Muṭṭukkūr-nāṭu, - for a perpetual lamp to the god Mahādeva at Tiruvoṟṟiyūr. It is stated - that the endowed amount was deposited with the sabhā of Maṇali, bearing interest at the rate of 3 mañcāṭis per kaḻañcu per month, which works out at 15 per cent per annum. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

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Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- - - - - -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1937-1938/B/1937-1938/165).

-

Recorded in (IP 344).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 344 - 743 - - - - - - - - - 24, 87 (§25) - B/1937-1938 - 165 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00345.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00345.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 9583d5336..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00345.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,148 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Takkōlam, Jalanātheśvara temple, time of Aparājita, year 6 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00345 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

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Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 54): This inscription - in Tamil language and script on the kumuda of the north wall of the Jalanātheśvara temple - is dated in the sixth year in the reign of Aparājita and seems to refer to a gift of land to the - temple. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

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Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- - - - - -
- -

Reported in , p. 21, no. 54.

-

Recorded in (IP 345).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 345 - 744 - - - - - - - - - 54 - 54 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00346.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00346.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 06d0668ca..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00346.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,149 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kaḷāmpākkam, time of Aparājitavarman, year 8 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00346 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

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Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 26): Damaged. Records the provision made for celebration on the new and full-moon days (uvā), evidently in the temple, by the ūrārs of Kiḷāmbākkam. - - - (p. 56): A record of the 8th year of the reign of Aparājita (No. 174 of 1943-44) was found in the Tirunāgeśvara temple in Kaḷāmpākkam village. The inscription registers a provision made by the ūravar of the village for the performance of worship in the local temple on the days of the full moon and the new moon (uvā). Adjacent to this inscription, on the same wall, is a record (No. 173 of 1943-44) incised in similar characters and dated in the year 16 without mentioning the king. It registers a donation made to the temple by a private individual for conducting a festival. It is not unlikely that this inscription also belongs to the reign of Aparājita. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- - - - - -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1943-1945/B/1943-1944/174).

-

Recorded in (IP 345).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 345 - 745 - - - - - - - - - 26, 56 (§4) - B/1943-1945 - 174 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00347.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00347.xml deleted file mode 100644 index d797d5eb2..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00347.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,158 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Nemali, time of Aparājitavarman, year 10 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00347 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

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Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 174): Ends of lines built in. Records gift of 1000 kuḻis of land in the village of Ciṅkapura to the temples of god Tirumēṟ-ṟaḷitēvar and another (name lost) at Neṉmali for sounding music during the śrībali service by Cāttantai Cuttamallaṉ alias Pallavaraiyaṉ. - - - (p. 230): The Pallava king Aparājita is represented by a record dated in the l0th - regnal year from the Vaikuṇṭhavāsa-Perumāḷ temple at Nemmali in the Tiruttani - division of the Chittoor District (No. 154 of 1942-43). It records a gift of land for playing musical instruments during - the śrībali ceremonies in the four temples - (of the place), by Cāttantai Cuttamallaṉ alias Aṇuttirappallavaraiyaṉ of - Ciṅkapuram. This temple is of the apsidal type like the Viīraṭṭāṇēśvara temple - at Tiruttani which is close by and is known to have been raised in the time of - this Pallava king (S.I.I., Vol. XII, Introd. p. vii). The Vaikuṇṭhavāsa-Perumāḷ - temple may be taken as a representative type of late Pallava architecture, as - the present inscription of Aparājita is the earliest in it. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- - - - - -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1939-1943/B/1941-1942/154).

-

Recorded in (IP 347).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 347 - 746 - - - - - - - - - 174, 230 (§8) - B/1941-1942 - 154 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00348.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00348.xml deleted file mode 100644 index fb8758352..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00348.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,149 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kaḷāmpākkam, time of Aparājitavarman, year 8 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00348 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

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Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 26): In characters of the 9th century A.D. Records gift of land to the taḷi-utaiyār of Kiḷāmpākkam for celebrating a festival, evidently in the local temple. - - - (p. 56): A record of the 8th year of the reign of Aparājita (No. 174 of 1943-44) was found in the Tirunāgeśvara temple in Kaḷāmpākkam village. The inscription registers a provision made by the ūravar of the village for the performance of worship in the local temple on the days of the full moon and the new moon (uvā). Adjacent to this inscription, on the same wall, is a record (No. 173 of 1943-44) incised in similar characters and dated in the year 16 without mentioning the king. It registers a donation made to the temple by a private individual for conducting a festival. It is not unlikely that this inscription also belongs to the reign of Aparājita. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- - - - - -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1943-1945/B/1943-1944/173).

-

Recorded in (IP 348).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 348 - 747 - - - - - - - - - 26, 56 (§4) - B/1943-1945 - 173 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00349.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00349.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 82a759f33..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00349.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,159 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Ciṉṉanākapūṇṭi, time of Narasi<supplied reason="lost">ṃhavarman</supplied>, year <unclear>2</unclear> - - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00349 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 23): Fragment. In characters of about the 9th century A.D. - - - (p. 56): At Chinnanāgapūṭi, Chittoor District, was found a record (No. 133 of 1943-44) - of Kō-Vijaya-Narasi[ṃhavarman] incised - in Tamil characters of the 9th century A.D. - He is apparently identical with the homonynous chief figuring in the Kīḻmuttukūr - and Baṅgavāḍi inscriptions of the same period. In the A.R. for 1933-34, Part II, para. - 6, a chieftain of this name whose record is engraved in Vaṭṭeḻuttu characters has - been assigned to the Western Gaṅga dynasty. But the reasons given there for treating - him as a prince of this family are not satisfactory. Until more convincing evidence - is found it would be safe not to connect him with any known ruling family of this period and region. - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- - - - - -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1943-1945/B/1943-1944/133).

-

Recorded in (IP 349).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 349 - 748 - - - - - - - - - 23, 56 (§5) - B/1943-1944 - 133 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00350.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00350.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 4b27d4d14..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00350.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,149 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kaḷāmpākkam, time of Vayirameghavarman, year 3 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00350 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

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Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 26): Incomplete. Records gift of sheep for a lamp in the temple of Kaḷantai Nakkar by Paṅkāri Nanti Kuppaṭikaḷ of Kiḷāmpākkam which was a Cālaipuṟam in Takkōlam. It is stated at the end that the shepherds to whom the sheep were entrusted had died and that these were given to other shepherds. - - - (p. 56): Vayirameghavarman, another later Pallava chief whose position in the genealogy is not known, is represented by a record (No. 178 of 1943-44), also from Kaḷāmpākkam, dated in his third year. Kaḷāmpākkam is shortened into Kaḷantai in this record which registers a donation made by a resident of the village who was called Paṅkāri Nantikuppaṭikaḷ for maintaining lamps before god Śiva. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- - - - - -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1943-1945/B/1943-1944/178).

-

Recorded in (IP 350).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 350 - 749 - - - - - - - - - 26, 56 (§4) - B/1943-1945 - 178 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00351.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00351.xml deleted file mode 100644 index d9f202164..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00351.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,150 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Perumpulivākkam, Akastīśvara temple, time of Vayiramēkavarman, year 3 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00351 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 28): On a pillar of the front maṇḍapa of Agastīśvara temple. The - inscription dated in the 3rd regnal year of Vairamēkavarman, refers to - the gift of twenty kaḻañcus of gold, by one Vicayanallūḻāṉ Kaṇṭaṉ, for - burning a perpetual lamp in the Agastīśvara temple of Perumpulippākkam - and the villagers agreed to maintain the endowment by supplying one uri - of oil daily. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- - - - - -
- -

Reported in (Damilica 1, inscription n° 2 from Perumpullivākkam).

-

Recorded in (IP 351).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 22 (Tamil section) - 28 (English section) - - - - - 351 - 750 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00352.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00352.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 34c031133..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00352.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,157 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Sumaṅgali, time of Kātupaṭṭi, year 7 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00352 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 47): In characters of about the 9th century A.D. States that Kaṭṭāyakaṉ, son of Ottūraṉ, the headman of Kommai, constructed the temple and that he presented lands for its upkeep. - - - (p. 230): From Sumaṅgali in the North Arcot District comes a record (No. 127 - of 1939-40) engraved in characters of about the 9th century A.D. It is dated - in the 7th year of a certain Kātuppaṭṭi and records the construction of the Śiva - temple at the place by a certain Kaṭṭāyakaṉ, son of Ottūraṉ, the headman of - Kommai, who also made an endowment of land for worship therein. The - ldentity of Kātuppaṭṭi is uncertain. It is possible that he was connected with - the family of Kātuveṭṭi Muttaraca and his son Arikaṇṭa who figure as feudatories - in the records of Dantivarman (No. 89 of 1921) and Nṛpatunga (No. 461 - of 1905). - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- - - - - -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1939-1943/B/1939-1940/127).

-

Recorded in (IP 352).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 352 - 751 - - - - - - - - - 47, 230 (§7) - B/1939-1940 - 127 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00354.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00354.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 74c55f248..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00354.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,146 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kaṉṉikaippēr, time of <supplied reason="lost">Nṛpatu</supplied>ṅgavikramavarman, year lost - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00354 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 35): Beginning lost. Seems to register an endowment of gold entrusted with the sabhā of the village by a private individual Cevviḷai Nāyakaṉ for burning a lamp in a temple (name lost) at Kaṉṟikai in Puḻaṟkōṭṭam. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- - - - - -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1949-1950/B/1949-1950/215).

-

Recorded in (IP 354).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 354 - 753 - - - - - - - - - 35 - B/1949-1950 - 215 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00355.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00355.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 6c78b3490..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00355.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,147 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Mutūr, time of <gap reason="lost"/> - <supplied reason="lost">vi</supplied>kramavarman, year lost - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00355 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 33): Seems to record a gift of land which the donees were required not to mortgage. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- - - - - -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1910-1911/C/1911/3).

-

Recorded in (IP 355).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 355 - 754 - - - - - - - - - 33 - B/1911 - 30 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00357.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00357.xml deleted file mode 100644 index f0a023248..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00357.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,146 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Ciṟuvākkam, no king, no year - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00357 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 67): In early characters. Mutilated. Records a gift of land to a Jaina temple called Śrīkaraṇapperumpaḷḷi at Ciṟu-pākkam. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- - - - - -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1922-1923/C/1923/64).

-

Recorded in (IP 357).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 357 - 756 - - - - - - - - - 67 - C/1923 - 64 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00358.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00358.xml deleted file mode 100644 index a9a47390d..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00358.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,165 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kāñcipuram, Ekāmbaranātha, outermost <foreign>prākāra</foreign>, slab built - in. - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00358 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- gṛhe śailā -

-
- -
- - gṛhe śailā - gṛheśailā - -
- -
- -

- - in the house - - stone - -

- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (IP no. 358); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs (2019). -

- - - - - - 358 - 757 - - - - - - - - - 69, 272 - B/1939-1940 - 344 - - - - - VII (a) - - - - - 215 - - - - - -
- - - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00360.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00360.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 6f501ab74..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00360.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,142 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kuṇṇāṇṭārkōyil, name - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00360 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Lacunose inscription mentioning Kantavārcēni, wife of Ciṅkaṉ. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1939-1943/B/1940-1941/222).

-

Recorded in (IP 360).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 360 - 759 - - - - - - - - - 100, 271-272 (§108) - B/1940-1941 - 222 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00361.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00361.xml deleted file mode 100644 index c8dcd889f..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00361.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,143 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Mahābalipuram, rock north of Gaṇeśaratha, word 1 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00361 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Isolated word. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- vikrī -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
-

This inscription is found near DHARMAINSPallava00536. It consists in two syllables in Grantha.

-
- -
- -

-Reported in ; text in (IP no. 361); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020). -

- - - - - - 361 - 760 - - - - - - - - - 73 - B/1959-1960 - 264 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00362.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00362.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 7e0811970..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00362.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,144 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Mahābalipuram, rock north of Gaṇeśaratha, word 2 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00362 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - An isolated Sanskrit word in Grantha. Found near INSPallava00537 - . - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- bhuvana -

- -
- -
- -
- -
-

world

-
- - - -
- -

- Reported in ; text in (IP 362); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020). -

- - - - - - 362 - 761 - - - - - - - - - 73 - B/1959-1960 - 265 - - - - -
- - - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00363.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00363.xml deleted file mode 100644 index e221d5279..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00363.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,180 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Mahābalipuram Gopis’ churn word - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00363 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Isolated name found on a cistern excavated in a rock in front of the Trimūrti cave. This cistern is nowadays called the Gopi’s Churn in reference to Kṛṣṇa narratives. The inscription itself consist in four syllables in Grantha script. It appears to be a name, either a graffiti or a signature. It is not clear if it has a closer connexion with the cistern on which it is engraved. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- śrī-kaāviti -

- -
- -
- - - - kaāviti - kāviti - kadhīti - kaviti - There is on the stone some mark that could be the glyph for -ā. Whether the inscription was not deeply engraved or has been worn out, both readings are possible, even though kāviti makes more sense. On the figures published by Jouveau-Dubreuil the reading is kaviti. - - - -
- -
- -

- The glorious Kāviti. -

- -
- -

- L’illustre Kāviti. -

-
- -
- -

On kāviti, see MTL, s.v.: 1. Ancient title bestowed on Vēḷāḷas by Pāṇḍya kings; 2. Title conferred on Vaiśya ladies; 3. Minister; 4. Accountant caste; 5. Collector of revenues.

-

A poet named Peruṅkāviti Caṭaiyaṉpaḷḷi composed the verse in INSPallava00119, see line 13.

-

(p. 163) suggests that kāviti, which he reads kaviti, in fact represents what would be pronounced gaviti in Tamil and would mean gokula. It seems that this interpretation is based on the assumption that the name Gopis’ churn has some relevance to the Pallava period, which one may doubt like in the case of other landmarks of Mahābalipuram recently (18th/19th century) renamed after Kṛṣṇa, e.g. the nearby Kṛṣṇa’s butter ball.

- -
- -
- -

Reported in .

-

Text in (IP no. 363).

-

Edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs (2017).

- - - - - - XXXI, B (facing page 64) - - - - - XXXI, B (facing page 59) - - - - - 363 - 762 - - - - - - - - - 73 - B/1959-1960 - 266 - - - - - 163 - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00364.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00364.xml deleted file mode 100644 index bf7d7d20c..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00364.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,146 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruvatikkuṉṟam, no king, no year - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00364 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 17): Characters belong to about the 8th century A.D. Records gift of an oil-mill (cekku) by a certain Kaṇavaṉ, a resident of Atinalarūr (Atinallūr?). - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- - - - - -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1934-1935/B/1934-1935/92).

-

Recorded in (IP 364).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 364 - 763 - - - - - - - - - 17 - B/1934-1935 - 92 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00365.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00365.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 4d7aa6027..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00365.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,146 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kīḻkoṭṭaiyūr, no king, no year - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00365 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 11): The characters belong to about the 9th century A.D. States that this is the work of Kumārantai Kumāraṭi. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- - - - - -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1934-1935/B/1934-1935/29).

-

Recorded in (IP 365).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 365 - 764 - - - - - - - - - 11 - B/1934-1935 - 29 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00366.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00366.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 64bace4f5..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00366.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,146 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kīrappākkam, time of Kampa, year 17 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00366 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 10): Damaged. The writing belongs to the 10th century A.D. Registers the construction of the Deśavallabha-Jinālaya to the north of Kīraipākkam by Amaramutalguru, a disciple of Malāvīraguru of the Yāpanīya-saṅgha and the Kumiḻi-gaṇa, who also made provision for feeding the members of the saṅgha. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- - - - - -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1934-1935/B/1934-1935/22).

-

Recorded in (IP 366).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 366 - 765 - - - - - - - - - 10 - B/1934-1935 - 22 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00367.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00367.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 4028a7356..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00367.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,146 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Malayaṉūr, Hero-Stone - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00367 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 88): In characters of about the 9th century A.D. This is alsoAs ARIE/1939-1943/B/1940-1941/104, that is, "characters of about the 9th century A.D.". engraved above the figure of a warrior holding a sword by his right hand and bow by his left. Refers to a cattle-raid in which a certain Nantikuṭṭi seems to have lost his life. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- - - - - -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1939-1943/B/1940-1941/105).

-

Recorded in (IP 367).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 367 - 766 - - - - - - - - - 88 - B/1940-1941 - 105 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00368.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00368.xml deleted file mode 100644 index b26817df5..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00368.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,146 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Malayaṉūr, Hero-Stone - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00368 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 88): In similar charactersAs those of ARIE/1939-1943/B/1940-1941/105, that is, "characters of about the 9th century A.D.". Fragment. Mentions a certain Nantikuṭṭi, son of Mīnakarkāḷi, and Malaiyaṉūr in Mīkoṉṟai-nāṭu, which he was probably administering. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- - - - - -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1939-1943/B/1940-1941/106).

-

Recorded in (IP 368).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 368 - 767 - - - - - - - - - 88 - B/1940-1941 - 106 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00369.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00369.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 57545d97a..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00369.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,150 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Ōtalavāṭi, time of Pōttarai <gap reason="lost"/>, no year - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00369 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 144): Damaged. In characters of about the 9th century A.D. Fragmentary. Gives the boundaries of a piece of land. - - - (p. 768): Mentions pōttarai - and gives the boundaries of a piece of land. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- - - - - -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1939-1943/B/1941-1942/145).

-

Recorded in (IP 369).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 369 - 768 - - - - - - - - - 144 - B/1941-1942 - 145 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00370.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00370.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 0d32b1042..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00370.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,146 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Poṉṉēri, no king, no year - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00370 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 7): Fragment. The characters are of about the 9th century A.D. Seems to record an endowment made for the maintenance of a person capable of teaching one Veda including the Paviḻiyam (Bahvṛca) and the Āraṇa (Āraṇyaka). - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- - - - - -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1933-1934/B/1933-1934/15).

-

Recorded in (IP 370).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 370 - 769 - - - - - - - - - 7 - B/1933-1934 - 15 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00371.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00371.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 1ce276898..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00371.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,146 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Ciṟutāvūr, no king, no year - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00371 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 14): In characters of the 9th century A.D. Mentions Caṭṭi-Viṇṇakaram and Pāṇṭimāṇikkamaraca , son of Kāvalampākkiḻār. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- - - - - -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1933-1934/B/1933-1934/87).

-

Recorded in (IP 371).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 371 - 770 - - - - - - - - - 14 - B/1933-1934 - 87 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00372.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00372.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 78c742123..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00372.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,160 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Civaṉvāyal, no king, no year - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00372 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 40): In characters of about the 9th century A.D. Beginning and ends of lines built in. Seems to state that the temple of Vaikuṇṭanāthar was constructed by a Brāhmaṇa lady named Kumariccāṉi. - - - (p. 28): An inscription in the 8-9th century Tamil characters recording - the construction of a Viṣṇu temple called Śrī kōil Śrī Vaikuṇṭatēvar by a - Brahmin lady Kumāriccāṇi, the wife of a certain Dharman, is found on - a slab built into the ceiling of the ardhamaṇḍapa of Kariyamāṇikka - Vaikuṇṭa Varadarājar temple. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- - - - - -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1943-1945/B/1944-1945/10).

-

Reported in (Damilica 1, inscription from Civaṉvayil).

-

Recorded in (IP 372).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 22 (Tamil section) - 28 (English section) - - - - - 372 - 771 - - - - - - - - - 40 - B/1944-1945 - 10 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00373.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00373.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 674873323..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00373.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,149 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Veṇmaṇi, Hero-stone, no king, no year - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00373 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 142): In characters of the 9th century A.D. Engraved above the figure of a warrior represented with a shield in the left hand and a scimitar in the right. Records the death of Kaṇavayaṉ, the disciple of the preceptor (Ācāṉ) Teṉṉavaṉ, when Veṅmaṇi was destroyed in the time of Valluvik-Kaṅkaraiyar. - - - (p. 272): An inscription of the 9th century AD. from Veṇmaṇi, North Arcot District, engraved over the figure of a warrior holding a childCorrect to: shield. in the left hand and a scimitar in the right, mentions the destruction of the village in the time of Vallivik-Kaṅkaraiyar who was probably a Gaṅga chieftain ruling the region (No. 116 of 1941-42). It may be observed that a verse inscription (13th century A.D.) from Tiruvaṇṇāmalai in the same district (No. 507 of 1902) mentionns the Bāṇa chief Poṉparappiṉāṉ alias Makataipperumāḷ as having had an engagement at Veṇmaṇippāṭi evidently Veṇmaṇi of the above record. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- - - - - -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1939-1943/B/1941-1942/116).

-

Recorded in (IP 373).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 373 - 772 - - - - - - - - - 142, 272 (§109) - B/1941-1942 - 116 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00375.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00375.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 3524172be..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00375.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,146 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Viriñcipuram, Hero-stone, no king, no year - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00375 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - (p. 55): Highly damaged. Seems to refer to the grant of a kannāṭu to the hero represented, by the side of the inscription, with a bow and a dagger in his hands. The characters are of about the 10th century A.D. - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- [text not available] -

- -
- - - - - -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1939-1943/B/1939-1940/209).

-

Recorded in (IP 375).

-

ASI transcript and estampage, if any, yet to be consulted.

- - - - - - 375 - 774 - - - - - - - - - 55 - B/1939-1940 - 209 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00380.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00380.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 1498cae88..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00380.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,178 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Mahābalipuram Shore Temple, Varāha tank verse - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00380 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - -
- - - śrī-pallavānvaya-kulācala-rājasiṁho - yaḥ kṣatrasiṁha Iti viśruta-puṇya-kīrttiḥ - jīyāt maheśvara-śikhāmaṇi-dīpta-maulir - yyuddhārjjuno nikhila-loka-narendra-siṁhaḥ - - -
- -
- - - -
- -
- -

- -

- -
- -

- Montagne la plus haute de la lignée de Śrī-Pallava, puisse Rājasiṁha, - Qui, sous le nom de Kṣatrasiṁha, vit sa gloire sans tache se répandre, - Etre vainqueur, lui dont Maheśvara, son diadème, fait resplendir le cimier, - Lui qui est un Arjuna au combat, un lion parmi les souverains du monde entier ! -

- -
- -
-

This verse is also attested in INSPallava00068 (verse 1).

-

The first two blocks were in reverse order in situ at the time of our visits.

-
- -
- -

Recorded in (ARIE/1990-1991/B/1990-1991/158).

-

Edited for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photos (2004). -

- - - - - - 6, 87 - B/1990-1991 - 158 - - - - - - - - - 111 - - - - - 224 - - - - - 280 - IR 40 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00381.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00381.xml deleted file mode 100644 index c890e630d..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00381.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,175 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Mahābalipuram Shore Temple, Varāha’s birudas - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00381 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - A series of birudas. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

śrī-rāja-siṁhaḥ śrī-raṇa-jayaḥ śrī-bharaḥ śrī-citra-kārmmukaḥ

-
- -
- - - - - śrī-bharaḥ - śrī-dharaḥ - - - - -
- -
- -

The glorious lion among kings, the glorious victorious one in fight, the Fortune-bearer; the glorious one with a wonderful quiver.

- -
- -
-

Le glorieux lion d’entre les rois, le glorieux vainqueur au combat, le soutien de la prospérité, le glorieux au carquois formidable.

-
- -
-

- According to - - 223 - , these birudas are descriptive labels. -

-
- -
- -

-First recorded in ; re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), from autopsy and photos (20**). -

- - - - - - 6, 87 - B/1990-1991 - 159-162 - - - - - - - - - 108 - - - - - 223 - - - - - 223 - - - - - 280 - IR 41 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00382.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00382.xml deleted file mode 100644 index b1acef46d..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00382.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,191 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Mahābalipuram Shore temple, capital inscription - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00382 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - A list of 4 birudas on a capital stone found - lying around the Shore temple. - - - -

This is a biscript inscription. The honorific śrī - is written in Siddhamātṛkā, while the rest of the inscription is in - Grantha. The double daṇḍa is of the type where - both daṇḍas are joined.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
-

- śrī-rāja-siṁhaḥ . śrī-kṣatra-siṁhaḥ . śrī-narendra-siṁhaḥ . śrī-maheśvara-cūḷāmaṇiḥ -

-
- -
- - - - - śrī-narendrasiṁhaḥ - śrī-narendrasiṁhaḥ - The surface defect seems the best explanation for the space left blank. The image in Lockwood (p. 265) is misleading as it does not represent the blank space between na and re. - - - - śrī-maheśvara- cūḷāmaṇiḥ - śrī-maheśvara- cūḷāmaṇiḥ - The surface defect seems again the best explanation for the space left blank. The restoration candra suggested by Lockwood is unwarranted, the more so as another blank space interrupts another biruda. - - - - -
- -
- -

The glorious lion among kings.

-

The glorious lion of the warrior order kṣatra.

-

The glorious lion among kings.

-

The glorious one whose diadem is Maheśvara Śiva.

- -
- -
-

Le glorieux lion d’entre les rois.

-

Le glorieux lion de la classe guerrière kṣatra.

-

Le glorieux lion d’entre les rois.

-

Le glorieux dont le diadème est Maheśvara Śiva.

-
- -
- -

Rājasiṁha is the favourite biruda of Narasiṁhavarman II Pallava. The three other birudas are attested in other inscriptions: Kṣatrasiṁha in INSPallava00068 and INSPallava00380; Narendrasiṁha in INSPallava00060, INSPallava00068, and INSPallava00380; Maheśvaracūḷāmaṇi in INSPallava00064.

-

Other birudas of of Narasiṁhavarman II Pallava are synonymous with Maheśvaracūḷāmaṇi: Śivacūḷāmaṇi, Candrārdhaśekharaśikhāmaṇi, and Maheśvaraśikhāmaṇi.

-
- -
- -

- Reported in ; reported again in ; re-edited and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), from autopsy and photos (2004). -

- - - - - - 3, 40 - B/1993-1994 - 217 - - - - - 5, 37 - B/1995-1996 - 32 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 263-265 - - - - - 281 - IR 42 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00387.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00387.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 1f249616c..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00387.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,165 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kāñcīpuram, Maṅgalatīrtha steps - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00387 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - The first half of a verse also found twice in Mahābalipuram - (tfaPallava***, ***). - - - -

The delineation in - - 288 - - - shows a well executed and almost ornate Grantha.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding - template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- Text after - - 288 - -

- - - - sambhava-sthiti-saṁhāra - - -kāraṇam vīta-kāraṇaḥ - -
- -
-
- -
- -

- The cause of ... -

-
- -
- -

- Lui qui est cause des naissances, des existences et de leur destruction, mais n’a lui-même nulle cause. -

-
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Reported in the Indian Express (Madras edition) 28.07.1988; edited in - - 288 - ; encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020). -

- - - - - - 288 - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00392.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00392.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 4a424f301..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00392.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,220 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kāñcipuram, Mātaṅgeśvara temple, birudas - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00392 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -
- South Pillar -

- śrī-Aratyaṁkanna -

-
- -
- North Pillar -

- śrī-prapavati -

-
- -
- -
- - - - - śrī-Aratyaṁkanna - śrī-Aratyakana - śrī-Aratyaṁkan - śrī-Aratyamakaṉ - - - - śrī-prapavati - nil - śrī-prabhupatiḥ - śrī-prabhupatiḥ - - - - -
- -
- -
- South Pillar -

- -

-
- -
- North Pillar -

- -

-
-
- -
- -
- South Pillar -

- -

-
- -
- North Pillar -

- -

-
- -
- -
-

Srinivasan @ Aratyamakan.

-
- -
- -

-Reported in - - 15 - ; reported in - - 62 - B/1972-1973 - 261-262 - ; re-edited here by Emmanuel Francis (2020), from autopsy and photos (20**). -

- - - - - - 15 - - - - - 62 - B/1972-1973 - 261-262 - - - - - 67-68 - - - - - - - - - 304 - IR 96 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00397.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00397.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 392df0361..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00397.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,228 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Aracalāpuram memorial stone for a cock - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - Valérie - Gillet - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - Valérie - Gillet - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00397 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis and Valérie Gillet.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Memorial stone set up in honour of a cock, which fought for the western quarters (mēl-cēri) of a village. It is not clear whether the stone commemorates the death of the cock when fighting (as in the case of a deceased warrior) or its victorious fight. - - - -

The puḷḷi is used. There are characters of eccentric ductus: ku and k=ka (line 2).

- - - - - - - -

This project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file on the - repository - - - - - - -
- -

- mukaiyuūru mēṟ·-cē - rikuy āṭi-k= ka - rukiya kōḻi - -

- -
- -
- - - - - mukaiyuūru - mukaiyūru - mukaiyuru - mukaiyuūru - - - - mēṟ·cē - rikuy - mēṟcē - riṭuy - meṟce - riṭuy - mēṟ·cē - rikuy - The syllable ku of eccentric ductus was previously read ṭu. - - - - āṭik= - āṭi - āṭik - āṭik= - - - -
- -
- -

- The image of the cock was engraved after it had fought on behalf of Mēṟcēri in in Mukaiyūr. -

- -
- -
- -

- The cock, which was scarred translates as “was engraved” as he equates karukiya with karukkiya. We suggest that karukiya is the past form of karuku-tal, one of the meaning of which, according to the Madras Tamil Lexicon, is “to be scorched, scarred”. when fighting for the MēṟcēriThat is, the western quarters. of Mukaiyūr. -

- -
- -
- -

- This inscription is counted in the Pallava corpus, insofar as its date (5th century CE according to ) and provenance correspond the period and the area of the Pallava rule in northern Tamil Nadu. -

-

- A similar inscription, commemorating a victorious cock with a strikingly similar image of a cock, has been found at Intaḷūr (DHARMA_INSPallava00401). The two inscriptions appears to be closely related: the present Aracalāpuram inscription commemorates the fighting cock of the western quarters, whereas the Intaḷūr inscription commemorates the fighting cock of the eastern quarters. -

- -

- See the comments by 624-626. -

- -
- -
- -

-Reported in ; Edited in ; re-edited in , , ; re-edited and translated ; re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis and Valérie Gillet (2021) from photographs (2013) and visual documentation in . -

- - - - - - News item - - - - - - - - - 10-14 - - - - - 315-316 - - - - - - - - - 112 - 466-467, 530, 624-626 - 47A - - - - - - - - - 65 - - - - -
- - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00398.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00398.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 8c4228a0d..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00398.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,163 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Ōṅkūr - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00398 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō koṟṟaṉ - makaṉ ūṟaṉ - -

- - -
- - - -
- -

- Ūraṉ, the son of Kō Koṟṟaṉ -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (Āvaṇam 8, no. 2.2); text in ; encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 2.2 - - - - - 3 - I - 1240 - 7 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00400.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00400.xml deleted file mode 100644 index a68a54501..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00400.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,184 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Katirampaṭṭi, hero-stone, time of Mahendravarman, year 7 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00400 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - hero-stone commemorating the death of Ēṟaṉ. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-mayaentira-paruma - ṟku Ēḻ-āvatu - -

- -

- kōvūr-nāṭṭu - -k kāri-maṅkalaṅ kaṅkati A - raicarōṭu - puravar - peṟṟāṇṭāṇ - ṭāṉ ko - m puḷi - kaṇ maka - ṉ Ēṟaṉ - toṟuk ko - ḷuṭ paṭ - ṭāṉ kal -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Seventh year of the victorious king MahendravarmanMayantiraparumaṉ in the original Tamil text.. -

- -

- This is the stone of Ēṟaṉ, son of , he who died fighthing withThat is, at the side of or against. Kaṅkati Araicar at/of Kārimaṅkalam in the Kōvūrnāṭu.

- - -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in ; text in ; encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous edition(s). -

- - - - - - 1974/82 - - - - - 3 - I - 1243 - 10 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00401.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00401.xml deleted file mode 100644 index ba1eec9c7..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00401.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,237 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Intaḷūr memorial stone for a cock - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris - DHARMA_INSPallava00401 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis and Valérie Gillet.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Memorial stone set up in honour of a victorious cock. - - - -

The puḷḷi is used. - - notes that two different forms of medial o are used (line 1, 7th letter and line 2, 2nd letter).

- - - - - - - -

This project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file on the repository - - - - - - -
- -

- kiīḻc·cērik kōḻi po - ṟ koṟṟi -

- -
- -
- - - - - kiīḻc·cērik - kīḻuccērik - kiḻccerik - kiīḻc·cērik - - - - po - ṟ - po - ṭu - po - ṟ - po - ṟ - - - - - koṟṟi - - kotta - - koṟṟi - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- -
- -

- Poṟkoṟṟi, the fighting cock of Kīḻccēri. -

- -
- -
- -

- The beautiful poṉThe original text might be emended from poṟ, that is, poṉ in sandhi, to pōr, “fight”. The translation would thus be: “the victorious in fight cock”. winner koṟṟi cock of KīḻccēriThat is, the eastern quarters.. - -

- -
- -
- -

- This inscription is counted in the Pallava corpus, insofar as its date (6th century CE according to ) and provenance correspond the period and the area of the Pallava rule in northern Tamil Nadu. -

-

- A similar inscription, commemorating a victorious cock with a strikingly similar image of a cock, has been found at Aracalāpuram (DHARMA_INSPallava00397). The two inscriptions appears to be closely related: the present Intaḷūr inscription commemorates the fighting cock of the eastern quarters, whereas the Aracalāpuram inscription commemorates the fighting cock of the western quarters. -

- -

- See the comments by 626-627. -

- -
- -
- -

-Edited in ; re-edited by ; re-edited and translated ; re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022) based on visual documentation in . -

- - - - - - - 86-87 - - - - - - - - - 10-14 - - - - - - 113 - 466, 468, 530, 626-627 - 47B - - - - - - - - - 65 - - - - -
- - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00406.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00406.xml deleted file mode 100644 index e004054ce..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00406.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,223 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Puḷiyaṉūr Hero-Stone, time of Mahendravarman, year 20 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00406 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Hero-stone commemorating the death of Vīravar during a cattle-raid. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-macīyēntira-paru - maṟk’ irupattt-āvatu -

- -

- mīvēṇ - ṇāṭṭu ka - ṭṭai-Ūy-ū - ṟ ṟoṟu - koṇṭa ñā - ṉṟu ciṟupppāḻ ā - ḷum pālā - cirika - ru makaṉ - vīravaru - kal -

- -
- -
- - - - - °parumaṟk’ irupattt-āvatu - °parumaṟ kirupatāvatu - °parumaṟku Irupatāvatu - - - - kaṭṭai-Ūy-ū - kaṭṭai Ūṟ - kaṭṭai Ūr - - - - ṟoṟu - - toṟu - - - - - ñāṉṟu - - ñāṉṟu - - - - - vīravaru - - vīravaru - - - - - -
- -
- -

- Twentieth year of the victorious king MahendravarmanMacīntiraparumaṉ in the original Tamil text.. -

- -

- This is the stone of VīravarThat is, “the heroic one”., the son of Pālācirikar, who rules āḷum in Ciṟuppāl, who fell at the time of seizing cattle in Kaṭṭaiyūr in Mīvēṇāṭu. -

- -
- -
- -

- Pālācirikar, ruler of Ciṟuppāl = Pālāyiriyar, ruler of Ciṟuppāl (INSPallava407) = Pālāciriru, the ruler of Ciṟuppāḻ (INSPallava409). - -

-
- -
- -

- Edited in (Kalveṭṭu no. 3; 5 non epigraphical lines); - re-edited in (no. 88; 12 epigraphical lines); - text in (3 epigraphical lines, by mistake). -

-

- Encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on . -

- - - - - - 12 - 1972/3 - - - - - 88 - 1972/3 - - - - - 3 - I - 1249 - 16 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00407.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00407.xml deleted file mode 100644 index f3b70e279..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00407.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,228 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Puḷiyaṉūr Hero-Stone, time of Siṃhaviṣṇu, year 19 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00407 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Hero-stone commemorating the death of Pila[yācata]ṅkaḷ during a cattle-raid. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-ciṅkaviṇṇa-parumaṟ - kup patt’ oṉpattt-āvatu -

- -

- mēl-vēṇṇā - ṭṭu-c ciṟuppāḻ āḷum pālāyiriyaru makkaḷ - ciṟuppaṭuvāṉāru karuṅkālippāṭi-t - toṟu-k koḷa-p pūcal ceṉṟu puya - nāṭṭu-p pilayācataṅkaḷ - Eṟintu paṭṭāṉ - kal -

- -
- - -
- - - - - parumaṟkup - - parumaṟkup - - - - ciṟuppāḻ āḷum - - ciṟuppāḻ Āḷum - - - - pālāyiriyaru - - pālāciriyaru - - - - ciṟuppaṭuvāṉāru - - ciṟuppaṭuvāṉṉāru - - - - koḷap - - koḷap - - - - pilayācataṅkaḷ - - pilayā cataṅkaḷ - - - - -
- -
- -

- Nineteenth year of the victorious king SiṁhaviṣṇuvarmanCiṅkaviṇṇaparumaṉ in the original Tamil text.. -

- -

- This is the stone of Pilayācataṅkaḷ of the Puyanāṭu who went in battle pūcal and fell fighting, while Ciṟuppaṭuvāṉār, a relative makkaḷ of Pālāyiriyar, who rules āḷum in Ciṟuppāl, seized cattle at Karuṅkālippāṭi. -

- -
- -
-

- Pālāyiriyar, ruler of Ciṟuppāl = Pālācirikar, ruler of Ciṟuppāl (INSPallava406) = Pālāciriru, the ruler of Ciṟuppāḻ (INSPallava409). - -

-
- -
- -

- Edited in (8 epigraphical lines); - re-edited in (Kalveṭṭu no. 3; 6 non epigraphical lines) and in (no. 87; 8 epigraphical lines); - text in (4 epigraphical lines, by mistake). -

- -

- Encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on . -

- - - - - - 69 - - - - - 12 - 1972/2 - - - - - 87 - 1972/2 - - - - - 3 - I - 1250 - 17 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00408.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00408.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 2f481b860..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00408.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,183 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Puḷiyaṉūr Hero-Stone, time of Siṃhaviṣṇu, year 2[.] - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00408 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Lacunose inscription; undoubtedly probably a hero-stone, like others inscriptions (INSPallava406, INSPallava407 and INSPallava409) found at Puḷiyaṉūr. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-ciṅka-viṇṇa-parumaṟkiu Iru - vēṇāṭṭu -

- -
- -
- - - - - °ciṅkaviṇṇaparumaṟkiu - - °ciṅviṇṇaparumaṟku - - - - Iru vēṇāṭṭu - - Iṭṭu - - - - -
- -
- -

- Twenty- year of the victorious king SiṁhaviṣṇuvarmanCiṅkaviṇṇaparumaṉ in the original Tamil text. in the Vēṇāṭu -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (2 epigraphical lines); - re-edited in (no. 87; 2 epigraphical lines); - text in (2 epigraphical lines). -

- -

- Encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on . -

- - - - - - 69 - - - - - 86 - 1972/1 - - - - - 3 - I - 1251 - 18 - - - - - - -
- - - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00409.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00409.xml deleted file mode 100644 index b40a18b85..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00409.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,226 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Puḷiyaṉūr Hero-Stone, time of Siṃhavarman or Mahendravarman, year 20 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00409 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Hero-stone commemorating the death of Mārāṉ during a cattle-raid. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-ceyaviru - parkē Irupatttu -

- -

- Āḷu mīvēṇnṇāṭu - cirṟuppppāḻ Āḷ - vār pālāciriru mak - kaḷ māṟaṉ kape - ūru toṟu koṇ - ṭa ñāṉṟu paṭṭā - ṉ kal -

- -
- -
- - - - - °vicaiya° - °vicai° - - - - °ceyaviruparkē - - maĪēntira-paruku - notes that, since another hero-stone (INSPallava407) found nearby, dated to the reign of Siṃhaviṣṇu, mentions also the relatives of Pālāciriyar, the corrupted form ciyavirumar (that is, ceyavirupar, as he reads it) might be emended to cimmavarmaṉ. - - - - Āḷu - - Aṇṭa - Read yāṇṭu? - - - - cirṟuppppāḻ - ciṟupāḻ - cirupāḻ - - - - kape - ūru - - kaṅkalūru - - - - koṇṭa - - koḷ - - - - -
- -
- -

- Year? twenty of the victorious king The name of the king is unclear: Mahendravarman for , Siṃhavarman for .. -

- -

- This is the stone of/for Mārāṉ, a relative makkaḷ of Pālācirir, the ruler āḷvār of Ciṟuppāḻ in the Mīvēṇṇāṭu, he who fell at the time of seizing cattle at The name of this place is unclear: Kaṅkalūr for , Kapeyūr for .. -

- -
- -
- -

- Pālācirir, the ruler of Ciṟuppāḻ = Pālācirikar, ruler of Ciṟuppāl (INSPallava406) = Pālāyiriyar, ruler of Ciṟuppāl (INSPallava407). - -

- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (Kalveṭṭu no. 3; 5 non epigraphical lines); - re-edited, with substantial variant readings, in (no. 89; 9 epigraphical lines); - text in (3 epigraphical lines, by mistake). -

- -

- Encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on . -

- - - - - - 12 - 1972/4 - - - - - 89 - 1972/4 - - - - - 3 - I - 1252 - 19 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00413.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00413.xml deleted file mode 100644 index bdf6e94a4..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00413.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,195 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Toṇṭamanūr, hero-stone, time of Ciṅkaviṇṇaparumaṉ, year 30 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00413 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Hero-stone commemorating the death of Poṉṉirevar. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-ciṅ - ka-viṇṇa-parumaṟku muppat-āvatu - -

- -

- nī -lakaṇṭarai kal poṉṉumū -taṉṉā koṭiyaṉ -ṉūru Eṟinta ñāṉṟu -kaṅkaru makkaḷ po -ṉṉakkaṉāru cēvaka -ṉ vāṇakō-Ay-atiraicaru -makkaḷ poṉṉirevaru -Eṟintu paṭṭāṉ - -

- -

- Iru --p-perum maṟaiya maka -ṉ putaṉ kal - -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Thirthieth year of the victorious king CiṅkaviṇṇaparumaṉThat is, Sanskrit Siṁhaviṣṇuvarman. -

- -

- At the time destroyed/attacked eṟinta Kotiyaṉṉuṟ, - Poṉṉirevar, one among the men of Vāṇakoyatiraicar, a servant of Poṉṉakkaṉār, one among the men of the Gaṅga king, died fighting eṟintu. - -

- -

- This is the stone -

- -
- -
-

Summary in 70: The inscription bearing the 30th regnal year from Thoṇḍamānūr records the death of Ponnireveru sons of Vanako Atiraisar, a vassal under Gaṅga Ponnakkanār in a battle against Ponnumudannār sons of Nilakandarai ....... when the latter invaded Kodiyannur.

-
- -
- -

-Edited in (Āvaṇam 11, no. 7.5); text in ; encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous edition(s). -

- - - - - - 70 - - - - - 3 - I - 1257 - 24 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00414.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00414.xml deleted file mode 100644 index b77533484..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00414.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,169 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Cittiliṅkamaṭam sluice inscription - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00414 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Construction of a sluice. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- -

- -

- pulirma -llaiyaṉī -r tūmpu -

- -
- - - -
- -

-

-

- The sluice that

- -
- -
-
- -
- -

-Edited in (Āvaṇam 11, no. 7.5), with an estampage; text in ; encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous edition(s). -

- - - - - - 7.5 - - - - - 3 - I - 1258 - 25 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00415.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00415.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 286a87ce5..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00415.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,162 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kīḻpperumpākkam image dedication - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00415 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Dedication of an image of the god Murukaṉ. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- na k koṟṟi koṭṭivittatu -

- -
- - - -
- -

- That which Koṟṟi had made carved. -

- -
- -
-
- -
- -

-Edited in (Āvaṇam 10, no. 4), with a picture; text in ; encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous edition(s). -

- - - - - - 4 - - - - - 3 - I - 1261 - 27 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00416.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00416.xml deleted file mode 100644 index c820571d0..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00416.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,168 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kalciṟunākalūr hero-stone - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00416 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Hero-stone commemorating the death of Kumarar - - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kōcarum maḻuvarum vaṭamā taṇṭattōṭu - Ūraṉ Irukkai Ēṟi vaṇakō caruku - Uttip paṭṭār kōvalūr-k - kumarar - kal - -

- -
- - - -
- -

- This is the stone of Kumarar , he who died - -

- -
- -
-
- -
- -

-Edited in (Āvaṇam 10, no. 3.2); text in ; encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous edition(s). -

- - - - - - 3.2 - - - - - 3 - I - 1262 - 28 - - - - - - - - - 104 - B/2000-2001 - 519 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00417.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00417.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 6de01ba71..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00417.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,191 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Vīranattam fragment - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00417 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - To be confirmed. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - śrī - - -

- vikki-mahārajar makap -pakaṭṭiyar tiru-k-kōyil I -

- -

- -

- -
- -
- - - - - mahārajar - mahārajar - - - - makap -pakaṭṭiyar - makapa -pakaṭiyar - - - - tiru-k-kōyil - tirukkōyil - The vocalisation ō appears to be on the first k, on ’s delineation. - - - - -
- -
- -

- Fortune! -

- -

- the glorious temple of -

- -

- -

- -
- -
-
- -
- -

-Edited in (Āvaṇam 7, no. 35), with a picture and a delineation; text in ; encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous edition(s) and published visual documentation. -

- - - - - - - - - - 3 - I - 1263 - 29 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00421.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00421.xml deleted file mode 100644 index d63f7c7dc..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00421.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,162 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Āṉattūr, sluice <foreign>biruda</foreign> - - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00421 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - A biruda (glorifying sobriquet) engraved on a sluice. Probably the name of the commissioner of the construction of the sluice. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- śrī-kuṇamili -

- -
- - - -
- -

- The glorious One without quality. -

- -
- -
-
- -
- -

-Edited in (Āvaṇam 3, no. 3), with a delineation; text in ; encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous edition(s) and published visual documentation. -

- - - - - - - - - - 3 - I - 1267 - 33 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00423.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00423.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 2267b58b7..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00423.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,173 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Veppūrcekkaṭi Hero-Stone no. 1 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00423 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Hero-stone commemorating the death of Vaṇṇakka Cāttaṉār. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-naraciṅka-parumaṟkiu yāṇṭu - pattāvatu -

- -

- mīkoṉṟai-nāṭṭu pālaikōṭṭu toṟu - koṇṭa ñāṉṟu vāṇakō-Araicar cēvakar - pālaikōṭuṭaiya vaṇṇakka cāttaṉār - toṟu Iṭuvittu nāyavaṉōṭu paṭṭār -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Tenth year of the victorious king NarasiṁhavarmanThat is, Narasiṁhavarman II Pallava, according to . -

- -

- Vaṇṇakka Cāttaṉār, landlord of Pālaikōṭu, servant of Vāṇakōvaraiyar, fell, rescuing cattle along with Nāyavaṉ, at the time of seizing cattle in Pālaikōṭu in the Mīkoṉṟaināṭu. -

- -
- -
-

Line beginnings not indicated by , here after .

-
- -
- -

-Edited in ; text in ; encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 36 - 3 - - - - - 3 - I - 1270 - 35 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00424.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00424.xml deleted file mode 100644 index a760afc35..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00424.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,171 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Veppūrcekkaṭi Hero-Stone no. 2 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00424 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Hero-stone commemorating the death of Tācamāriyār. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-naraciṅkaparumaṟkiu yāṇṭu pattāvatu -

- -

- mīkoṉṟai-nāṭṭu pālaikōṭṭut toṟuk koṇṭa ñāṉṟu - toṟu Ituvittu tācamāriyār - paṭṭār -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Tenth year of the victorious king NarasiṁhavarmanThat is, Narasiṁhavarman II Pallava, according to . -

- -

- Tācamāriyār fell, rescuing cattle, at the time of seizing the cattle at Pālaikōṭu in the Mīkoṉṟaināṭu. -

- -
- -
-

Line beginnings not indicated by , here after .

-
- -
- -

-Edited in ; text in ; encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 36 - 2 - - - - - 3 - I - 1271 - 36 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00425.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00425.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 9a40f2d42..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00425.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,240 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Cāṇaṅkuppam Hero-Stone no. 1 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00425 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Hero-stone commemorating the death of Viṉaiyittaṉ and donation in honour of the deceased hero. - - - -

The puḷḷi is used.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - svasti śrī - - - -

- kō-vicaiya-nan·ti-vikkirama-paruma - ṟku yāṇṭu paṉ·ṉiraṇ·ṭ-āvatu - -

- -

- paṭuvūr-k - -kōṭ·ṭat·tu Aṭaiyaāṟu-nāṭu vicaiyātit·ta - ṉ-āṉa kam·paṭikaḷ muruṅkai mēṟ paṭai vanta - ñāṉṟu poṉ·ṉēṟar kalḷattiluḷ· pāṉ· mu - ttaraiyar marumakaṉ viṉaiyiīttaṉ kutirai - muṭṭaṉi mēl Eṟintu pattāṉ -

- -

- Avaṟ·ku viṇṭa - l paṭ - ṭiyum - cemmā - rp·-paṭ - ṭiyum - kuṭuttu -

- -

- -

- -

- It’ aḻitāṉ nara -

- -
- -
- - - - - °vicaiya° - °vicaiya° - The letter ya possibly added below the line. - - - - Aṭaiyaāṟu° - Aṭaiyaṟu° - - - - kalḷattiluḷ· - kaḷattiluḷ - - - - pāṉ· - bāṇa(ṇa)- - pāṉ· might be emended to pāṇa-. - - - - viṇṭa - l - miṇa - l - however comments on miṇṭal in his introduction to his edition. - - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Twelfth year of the victorious king Nandivikramavarman. 

- -

- Viṉaiyīttaṉ, the son-in-law of Bāṇa Muttaraiyar, fell fighting upon mēl kutirai muṭṭaṉi in the battlefield kaḷam with Poṉṉērar, when Kampaṭikaḷ alias VicaiyātittaṉThat is, Sanskrit Vijayāditya. marchedliterally: “went”. with his army upon Muruṅkai, in the Ātaiyāṟunāṭu of the Paṭuvūrkkōṭṭam. -

- -

- To himThat is, “in honour of him”., having given Viṇṭal Paṭṭi and Cemmār Paṭṭi -

- -

- -

- -

- He who destroysThat is, “harms”. this donation he will go to hell? naraThat is, a lacunose form of narakam.. -

- -
- -
- - -
- -
- -

-Edited in (JESI no. 20.16); text in ; re-edited and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on photographs (2009). -

- - - - - - - - - - 3 - I - 1252 - 19 - - - - - - - - - 53 - B/1992-93 - 315 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00426.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00426.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 761a4eb70..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00426.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,176 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kīraicāttu Hero-Stone, time of Nandīśvaravarman, year 37 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00426 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Hero-stone commemorating the death of Vakkaṭi. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-nanticccura-parumaṟk - ku yāṇṭu muppattēḻā - vatu -

- -

- vaḷḷipēṭu-nāṭuṭaiya vik - kiramāttiya nāṭu mārikappā - kiḻār makaṉ vakkaṭi paṭṭāṉ - -

- -
- - - -
- -

Tirthy-seventh year of the victorious king Nandīśvaravarman.

- - -

- Vakkaṭi, son of MārikappākiḻarMārikappāvakiḻār in - introduction to the inscription. in/of the nāṭu of Vikramāditya, lord of Vaḷḷipēṭunātu, fell. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (Āvaṇam 7, no. 3); text in ; encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 7 (1997) - 3 - - - - - 3 - I - 1275 - 40 - - - - - - - - - 64 - B/1994-95 - 194 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00428.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00428.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 1ec5967a7..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00428.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,162 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Teṉmaṅkalam dedication of sculpture - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00428 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Dedication of a sculpture of Aiyaṉār. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- tērkkālar carukkiṉār ceyvittatu -

- -
- - - -
- -

- That which ... had done. -

-
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (Āvaṇam 10, no. 5); text in ; encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 10 (1999) - 5 - - - - - 3 - I - 1278 - 43 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00429.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00429.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 382ec238a..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00429.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,163 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kalciṟunākalūr hero-stone - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00429 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Hero-stone commemorating the death of Per. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- nanti-pōttaraicaru malaikurukil ceṅkōṭu - taikkāla kaikūr cuṭṭu Eṟintu paṭṭār kōvalūr - per -

- -
- - - -
- -

- PerThat is, Perummanar, according to 4. of kōvalūr died when fighting -

- -
- -
-
- -
- -

-Edited in (Āvaṇam 10, no. 3.3); text in ; encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous edition(s). -

- - - - - - 3.3 - - - - - 3 - I - 1279 - 44 - - - - - - - - - 4, 104 - B/2000-2001 - 517 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00430.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00430.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 53d4603d4..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00430.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,201 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Akaḷūr Hero-Stone - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00430 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Hero-stone commemorating the death of Kampaiyaṉār. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - śrī - - -

- vicaiyā - tittiya - ṉ paṇippa - toṇṭūr - Aḻittu pa - ṭṭār kampaiya - ṉār -

- - -
- -
- - - - śrī - śrī - śri - - - - paṭṭār - paṭṭār - pataṭṭār - - - - -
- -
- -

Fortune!

-

When VicaiyātittiyaṉThat is, Skt. Vijayāditya. ordered it, Kampaiyaṉār destroyed Toṇṭūr and died on the battle-field.

- -
- -
- -

Fortune !

-

Quand VicaiyātittiyaṉC’est-à-dire Skt. Vijayāditya. lui en donna l’ordre, Kampaiyaṉār détruisit Toṇṭūr et mourutComprendre : durant la prise de la ville..

- -
- -
- -

- śrī: auspicious beginning or honorific? -

- -

- See DHARMA_INSPallava00084. -

-

- It is not clear which edition is to be taken as reference. Sampath or Dayalan? It is not clear if Dayalan had a fresh reading of the inscription or simply edited the previous editions. -

- -
- -
- -

-Edited in ; text and translation in 2821 (footnote at IP no. 84); re-edited by ; encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 162 - - - - - 282 - 1 - - - - - 1280 - 45 - - - - - - - - - 50 - B/1968-1969 - 258 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00431.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00431.xml deleted file mode 100644 index e8bcd84e3..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00431.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,180 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kāṇāṅkāṭu, hero-stone, time of Indravarman, year 15 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00431 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Hero-stone commemorating the death of Ātaṉ. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-v-inti - ramarumakaṉki pati - ṇṉ aintāvatu -

-

- mī-koṉ - ṟai-nāṭṭ’ a - raicarai - -yyy ōṭi - ṉa pūcal - llil paṭṭāṉ - mēlūr Ātaṉ -

- -
- -
- - - - - °vinti - ramarumakaṉki - vinti - ramarumakaṉki - vintiraparumarkku or vintiraparumaṟku is expected here. - - - - - -
- -
- -

- Fifteenth year of the victorious king Indravarman. 

- -

- Ātaṉ of Mēlūr is he who died in a battle pūcal which occurred ōṭiṉa with the king aracaraiNote the accusative, governed by ōṭiṉa. of Mīkoṉṟaināṭu. -

- -
- -
-

The Indravarman of the regnal year is probably one among the Pallava kings named Mahendravarman.

-
- -
- -

-Edited in (Āvaṇam 7, no. 10.1), with an estampage; text in ; encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous edition(s). -

- - - - - - 10.1 - - - - - 3 - I - 1281 - 46 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00434.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00434.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 814b6a8dc..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00434.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,173 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Ēmpalam Oil-Press - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00434 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Statement ownership and/or commission of an oil-press. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - śrī - - -

- noppikkali - Ēṟāḻi makaṉ - mātēvaṉ cekku -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Fortune! -

- -

- The oil-press of MātēvaṉThat is, made for Mātēvaṉ and/or commissioned by Mātēvaṉ., son of Ēṟāḻi of NoppikkaliPresumably a placename.. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (Āvaṇam 11, no. 6), with a picture; text in ; encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 11 (2000) - 6 - - - - - 3 - I - 1288 - 53 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00435.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00435.xml deleted file mode 100644 index fc42adedf..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00435.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,182 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Ālaṅkuppam hero-stone - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00435 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Hero-stone erected in honour of Cattima Vakilavaṉ - Vīraiyar. - - - -

Early Tamil script.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - śrī - -

kō-vicaiya-danti-vikkirama-paru - markku yāṇṭu patiṉ nā - lk-āvatu

-

Aṭaiyāṟu-nāṭu ma - laiyaṉṉār āḷa Orukil maṇaṟ - -c-cuṉai mēṟ paṭai vara Ūr Aḻiyā - maiy kāttu paṭṭāṉ catti - ma vakilavaṉ viīraiyar-k kal - pe ṉṉai

-
- -
- - - - - ma -laiyaṉṉār - maliyaṉṉār - - - - -
- -
- -

Prosperity!

-

Fourteenth year of the victorious king Dantivikramavarman.

-

Stone kal for Cattima Vakilavaṉ Vīraiyar, who fell protecting the village without arm aḻiyāmai for it, that is, the village, while Malaiyaṉ malaiyaṉṉār was ruling over the Aṭaiyāṟunāṭu and while an army was coming at once orukil = orukāl? on Maṇarccuṉai peṉṉai

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (Āvaṇam 11, no. 2); text in ; re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on the estampage published in . -

- - - - - - 11 (July 2000) - 2 - - - - - 3 - I - 1289 - 54 - - - - - 4, 94 - B/2000-2001 - 461 - IV - - - - - - - - - 169 - 21 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00438.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00438.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 6f2950af3..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00438.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,206 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Cēṅkālipuram, donation, time of Nandivikramavarman, year 3 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00438 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of land for food offering (amutu) to a god (Mahādeva of the Tirukāḷīśvara). - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - -

- kō-vi - caiya-nan=ti-vikra - ma-panmaṟku yāṇṭu 3 Ā - vatu -

- -

- I Immalūr Uṭaiyaṉ caṭaiyuṭai - ya nēnṉēṉ Iṉ-nn-nāṭṭu brahmatēyam-āṉā nallari tiru-kāḷīśvarattu ma - hātēvaṟku madhyānadtu Amutukku vaitta nilaṉṉṉ-āvatu -

-

- ci-maṇi-mē - llūr teṅka-ceyyiṉ mēlai Eṉ Araikkāl ceyyum Eṇ muka-mēlaṉa Iru - nūṟṟu Aimpatu kuḻi koḷ Ūr mēlē Iṟai Ēṟṟi ca - n=tirātittaval niṟkka Ituk kuṭuttēṉ -

- -

- Itu panmāheśvara-rakṣai -

- -

- Itu -

- - -
- - - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Third year of the victorious king Nandivikramavarman. 

- -

- That which is the land that I, lord of , have given for midday food offering to the Mahādeva of the Tirkāḷīśvara nallari, which is a brahmadeya in this nāṭu. -

- -

- I have given this, so that it remains as long as the moon and the sun, after raising the revenue -

- -

- This pious act is under the protection of the Paṉmāheśvaras. -

- -

- ThisIt is not clear if the inscription is lacunose or if this word has been engraved by mistake.. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in ; text in ; encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 398/1978 - - - - - 3 - I - 1292 - 57 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00439.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00439.xml deleted file mode 100644 index bc937be4d..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00439.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,183 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kalciṟunākalūr, donation, time of Nantippōttaraiyar, year 6 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00439 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of paddy (nellu) for the upkeep of a tank (ēri). - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - śrī - -

- nan=ti-p-pōttaraica - racaru yāṇṭu Āṟ-āva - tu -

-

- muṉaiyaraiyar-nāṭṭu - -p perumāṉār cēvakar - naruṅkalattu pērāl i - ṭu nellu ce r ē - rikki -

- -
- -
- - - - - nan=ti-p-pōttaraica - racaru - natipōttarai ca - racaru - - - - -
- -
- -

- Fortune! -

- -

- Sixth year of Nantippōttaraiyar. -

- -

- The rice that the servant of Perumāṉār of the Muṉaiyaraiyarnāṭu, placed iṭuGrammatically, a viṉaitokai to nellu. in Naruṅkalam naruṅkalattu pēr-ālLiterally, “through the name of Naruṅkalam”., for the tank . -

- -
- -
-
- -
- -

-Edited in (Āvaṇam 10, no. 8), with a picture; text in ; encoded and translated herefor DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous edition(s). -

- - - - - - 8 - - - - - 3 - I - 1293 - 58 - - - - - - - - - 4, 104 - B/2000-2001 - 518 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00444.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00444.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 6759820e4..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00444.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,193 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Iḷaiyanallūr, donation, time of Nandivikramavarman - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00444 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of land for providing water and fire in a god’s temple. - - - -

Medial i and ī not distinguished and interchangeable.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-nanti-vi - kkīirama-parumaṟku yā - ṇṭu Irupatt’ iraṇ - ṭ-āvatu -

- -

- cakaḷa-maṉu - mpāṭiyum Ivaru - varumam vīiṇṇīi - kkiṭiyār taṉ cē - ṇṉaikku Iṟai Illi - Iḷayaṉūr mum - mūlaippaṭṭi taṇ - ṇīrkkum tiīkkum vai - ttatu -

- -

- Itu kāttā - ṉ aṭi Eṉ ṟalai - mēḻaṉa -

- -
- -
- - - -
- -
- - -

- Twenty-second year of the victorious king Nandivikramavarman.

- -

- The land named Mumūlaippaṭi in Iḷayaṉūr, made tax-free, is that which Viṇṇikkiṭiyar has given for water and fire. -

- -

- The feet of he who protects this pious act are on my head. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (Āvaṇam 5, no. 1); text in ; re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on photographs (2009). -

- - - - - - 5 (July 1994) - 1 - - - - - 3 - I - 1301 - 64 - - - - - - - - - - 54 - B/1992-1993 - 324 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00445.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00445.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 26c74b63f..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00445.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,313 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruvaiyāṟu, donation, time of Nantippōttaraiyar, no year - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00445 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for the upkeep of a perpetual lamp. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - -

- tiruvai-y-ā - ṟṟu mahā-tēvarkku - teḷḷaṟṟ’ eṟinta nanti - -p-pōtt-araiyar kuṭut - ta poṉ 10 patiṉ kaḻa - ñcu -

-

- Ip-poṉ koṇṭu - Oru nantā-viḷakk’ erikka - Ik-kōyiliṟ cantirātitta - -vaṟ kumara-māttāṇṭattā - l nicati uri-y ney Aṭṭu - vōm āṉōm kāri-kuṭi-c ca - vaiyōm -

- -

- Anta - ṉūr vāḻkkai-k karuvūr kā - riyāṉ Uḷḷiṭṭa Ūrār kuṭukka - Ivarkaḷ iṭai-p peṟṟa Am - par-nāṭṭu-k koṟṟamaṅkala - ttu naṉṉaṉ ciṟunampi - maṇalūrntu tiruvaiyā - ṟ-uṭaiya mahātēvarkku Oru nan - tā viḷakku nicati kumāramāt - tāṇṭattāl Uri-y ney - -y erippataṟku kuṭutta ni - lam pattu mā . -

- -
- -
- - - - - tiruvaiyā - ṟṟu - tiruvaiyā - ṟṟu - tiruvaiĀṟ - ṟu - - - - poṉ 10 patiṉ - poṉ 10 patiṉ - poṉṉ aṟupatiṉ - - - - Ik-kōyiliṟ - Ikkōyiliṟ - śrī-kōyiṟ - - - - cantirātitta - vaṟ - cantirātitta - vaṟ - candrātitta - vaṟ - - - - ney - ney - nei - - - - karuvūr kā - riyāṉ - karuvūr kā - riyāṉ - karuvūrkku na - riyāṉ - - - - Am - par° - Am - par° - An - par° - - - - ciṟunampi - ciṟunampi - ciṟunappi - - - - tiruvaiyā - ṟ-uṭaiya - tiruvaiyā - ṟuṭaiya - tiruvaiyyā - ṟu - - - - nan - tā viḷakku - nan - tā viḷakku - nan - ta viḷakku - - - - kumāramāt - tāṇṭattāl - kumāramāt - tāṇṭattāl - kumāramāt - tāṇṭattal - - - - - - - - - - ney - ney - nei - - - - kuṭutta - kuṭutta - kuouttā - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- The gold that Nantippōttaraiyar, who vanquished at Teḷḷāṟu, has given for the Mahādeva of Tiruvaiyāṟu. -

- -

- So as, with this gold, keep burning one perpetual lamp, we have become those who will regularly nicati provide a uri of oil, measured as per the standard kumaramāttāṇṭam, in this temple as long as the moon and the sun, we, the members of the assembly of Kārikuṭi. -

- -

- While the village delegates, including Karuvūr Kāriyāṉ of the village of Antaṉūr gave this gold, there were ten mā of land that Naṉṉaṉ Ciṟunampi of Koṟṟamaṅkalam in the Amparnāṭu, who obtained the gold from theseThat is, the village delegates of Antaṉūr., gave for regularly keeping burning with a uri of oil,measured as per the standard kumaramāttāṇṭam, one perpetual lamp for the Mahādeva of Tiruvaiyāṟu maṇalūrntu understands that the assembly of Kārikuṭi transfered the gold to a village delegate of Antaṉūr, who himself entrusted it to Naṉṉaṉ Ciṟunampi to supply the oil out of the proceeds of the land purchased with the gold.. -

- -
- -
-

Note on the identification of Nantippōttaraiyar, who vanquished at Teḷḷāṟu, contra - - - .

-
- -
- -

-Edited in (Āvaṇam 4, no. 1); re-edited, in transliteration, without diacritics for alveolar consonants, with substantial variant readings, in ; text in ; encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous edition(s). -

- - - - - - 8 - - - - - - - - - 3 - I - 1302 - 65 - - - - - - - - - 5-6, 58 - B/1995-1996 - 107 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00447.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00447.xml deleted file mode 100644 index a24a44dee..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00447.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,213 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kumāravāṭi, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅkavikramavarman, year 9 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00447 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for the upkeep of a perpetual lamp. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiyyan-nirupa-touṅka-vikkirama-parumaṟku yāṇṭu Onpat-āvatu -

- -

kaḷattūr-kōṭṭattu vaiyyāvūr-nāṭṭu-k kumārapāṭi Aṉṭuṟai Araiyar puttaperumāṉār tēviyār kuṇapperumāṉār tāyār Araicaṭikaḷār ceyyappaṭṭa ceṟuvāṉai Īsvarakaram - Itaṟkup pōkamc - ceṟuvum kīḻaik kōṭṭa-c-ceṟuvum mēṭṭu-c-ceṟuvummm uḷḷiṭṭa nilamum -

-

- nantavāṉattukk’ ellai - kīḻpāl ellai - mēṭṭu-c-ceṟuvin mēṟkum - tenpāl ellai vīrappuliyār tōṭṭattiṉ vaṭakkum - mēlpāl ellai vatiyiṉ kiḻakkum - vaṭapāl ellai kiḻaik kōṭṭaic ceṟuviṉ teṟkum -

- -

- Innāṟpāl Uḷḷiṭṭa nantavāṉamum Ic-colla-p-paṭṭa pūmiyum Itaṟku ceyiytōm -

- -

- Itu rakṣittār tiruvaṭi Em muṭi mēliṉa -

- -

- It-taḷiyum pōkamuṅ kāttār paramēspara-prāsitakaḷ āka -

- -
- -
- - - - - pōkamc - pōkamac - Alternatively one could emend to pōkam ākac. - - - - -
- -
- -

- Ninth year of the victorious king Nṛpatuṅkavikramavarman. 

- -

- ... the temple of Śiva ... that Araicaṭikaḷār, the spouse of Puttaperumāṉār, king of Kumārapāṭi Aṉṭuṟai in the Vaiyyāvūrnāṭu in the Kaḷattūrkōṭṭam had made, to this temple a land comprising ... has been given as ... pōkam -

- -

- The boundaries for the garden are as follows: - - the eastern boundary is ...; - the southern boundary is ...; - the westernn boundary is ...; - the northern boundary is ...; - - -

- -

- The garden comprised within these four boundaries ... -

- -

- The feet of he who protects this pious act are on my head. -

- -

- Let the ... be those who protect the ... pōkam of this whole temple. -

- -
- -
-
- -
- -

-Edited in (Āvaṇam 5, no. 2); text in ; encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on previous edition(s). -

- - - - - - 2 - - - - - 3 - I - 1304 - 67 - - - - - - - - - 4, 46 - B/2001-2002 - 196 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00449.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00449.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 0bc48d63d..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00449.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,201 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Ciṉṉapāḷampākkam cavern - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00449 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Foundation of a temple for Siṁhanandi Bhaṭṭāra by Ciṟiyanaṅkaiyār - in the name of Vīrattoḻilar. - - - -

Lay-out with rules.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding - template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-nṛpatuṅkua - ṟku yāṇṭu pattoṉpat-āvatu -

- -

- pe - riya-peṇṇākaṭattu siṁha-nan=ti-paṭārar - kku paṅkala-nāṭ-uṭaiyār koṭukkar vīra-t - toḻilar pērāṟ paṅkaḷa-nāṭ-uṭaiyār-c= cū - ḷaikaḷ ciṟiya-naṅkeaiyār ceyvitta śrī-kōyil -

- -
- -
- - - - - siṁha° - The anusvāra is above the syllable ha. - - - - paṭārar - The syllable pa looks like pā. - - - - koṭukkar - kuṭukkar - - - - uṭaiyār-c= cūḷaikaḷ - -uṭaiyār-t taḷakaḷ - -uṭaiyār-t taḷakaḷ - - - - - -
- -
- -
- -
- -

Prosperity ! Fortune !

-

Nineteenth year of the victorious king Nṛpatuṅga.

-

The glorious temple that Ciṟiya-naṅkaiyār, courtesan cūḷai-kaḷ of the lord uṭaiyār of Paṇkala-nāṭu has caused to be made for Siṁhanandi Bhaṭṭāra of the great Peṇṇākaṭam in the name of pēr-āl of Vīra-t-toḻilar « the doer of heroic deeds », son koṭukkar of the lord of Paṇkala-nāṭu.

- -
- -
-

ARIE on cūḷaikaḷ.

-
- -
- -

-Edited in with facsimile (Āvaṇam 7, no. 5); text in ; re-edited here and translated for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on the estampage published in . -

- - - - - - 7 (July 1996) - 5 - - - - - 3 - I - 1306 - 69 - - - - - - - - - 3-4, 42 - B/1996-1997 - 79 - III - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00451.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00451.xml deleted file mode 100644 index aafcae10e..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00451.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,244 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Cāṇaṅkuppam hero-stone no. 2, time of Kampavikramavarman, year 30 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00451 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Hero-stone commemorating the death of Cākūḻaṉ Vēḷāḷaṉ and recording a donation of land in honour of him. - - - -

Medial u and ū not distinguished and interchangeable. The letter ṭu has a peculiar form.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - - -

- kō-vicaiya-kampa-vikkiriama-paru - maṟku yāṇṭu muppatt-āvatu -

- -

- paṭuvūr-k- kō - ṭṭattu mēl-aṭaiyaāṟu-nāṭṭu-k kaṭaikaḷāṭṭuūr pi - ṉṉamma nāyakaṉ cākūḻaṉ vēḷālḷaṉ vāṇar-pā - ṭikkaḷḷar Iv-vuūr toṟuk koḷḷap paṭṭāṉ -

-

- Ivaṉukku Ūruṅ koḷ nāṉṟu Aracañ ce - ṟu nettal paṭṭi Aṭṭittu -

- -
- -
- - - - - vikkiriamaparu - maṟku - vikkimaparuma - ṟku - vikkiraparuma - ṟku - - - - muppattāvatu - muppatāvatu - The regnal year of Kampavikramavarman is 36th according to . - - - - mēlaṭaiyaāṟunāṭṭuk - mēlaṭaiyaṟunāṭu puk° - We follow here the summary in . - - - - kaṭaikaḷāṭṭuūr - kaṭaikaḷāṭa pā° - We follow here the summary in . - - - - pi - ṉṉamma - li ṉa ma - reads teṉṉama. - - - - vēḷālḷaṉ - vēḷāḷaṉ - - - - vāṇarpā - ṭikkaḷḷar - viṇṭa pāṭik kaḷḷar - viṇṭa pāṭik kaḷḷar - We follow here the summary in . - - - - Ūruṅ - Ūruṅ - - - - koḷ - kōvu - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Tirthieth year of the victorious king Kampavikramavarman. 

- -

- Cākūḻaṉ Vēḷāḷaṉ, chief nāyakaṉ of Kaṭaikaḷāṭṭūr in the Mēlaṭaiyāṟunāṭu in the Paṭuvūrkkōṭṭam, died, when thieves kaḷḷar from Vāṇarpāṭi vāṇarpāṭiThat is, the territory of the Bāṇas. seized cattle from this village. -

- -

- To himThat is, “in honour of him”., there is a field ceṟu that which the king has given, at the time of taking the village, as nettal paṭṭi. -

- -
- -
- -

The findspot is Mēlcāṇaṅkuppam in .

- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (Āvaṇam no. 3.1); text in ; re-edited and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on photographs (2009). -

- - - - - - 3.1 - - - - - 3 - I - 1308 - 71 - - - - - - - - - 53 - B/1992-93 - 316 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00452.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00452.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 7f9bc3086..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00452.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,188 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Aracampaṭṭu, foundation, time of Nandīśvaravarman - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00452 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Foundation of a pāḻi, that is, a stone-bed or a hermitage. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-nantīccuvara-parumaṟku yāṇṭu nāl-ā - vatu -

- -

- śrī-kalikkuṟi Aracar ceyvitta pāḻi -

- -

- śrī-mallaṉ tukkili -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Fortune! -

- -

- Fourth year of the victorious king Nandīśvaravarman. 

- -

- The pāḻiThe term pāḻi has several meanings according to the Madras Tamil Lexicon, such as “temple”, “hermitage”, “cave, mountain cavern”, “sleeping place for human beings”, “small tank, pond”, “flight of steps leading into a tank”. This is a stone-bed according to . In it is suggested that it is a toṭṭi. There are three different entries for this word in the Madras Tamil Lexicon, with the following meanings, among others: “water-trough, tub, cistern, reservoir”, “climbing nettle”, “fence, yard, pound." As the inscription was found according to on the surface of a sloping rock, it is difficult to assess which is the more appropriate referent of pāḻi in the present insription. that the Glorious Kalikkuṟi Aracar had made. -

- -

- The glorious Mallaṉ TukkiliThis is the name of the stone-bed according to . -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (Āvaṇam 7, no. 4); text in ; encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 7 (1996) - 4 - - - - - 3 - I - 1310 - 73 - - - - - - - - - 42 - B/1996-1997 - 80 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00456.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00456.xml deleted file mode 100644 index e3ffc51c0..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00456.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,162 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kāṇai Oil-Press - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00456 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Statement ownership and/or commission of an oil-press. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- yakka naṉṟeṭuceya Ēḻticaiyāyirattu - kaṇaiyam kal peruñ cekku -

- -
- - - -
- -

- The great stone oil-press of Kāṇaiyam made by the ĒḻticaiyāyiramThat is, “the one thousand of the seven directions”, that is, a merchant guild. yakka naṉṟeṭuceya

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (Āvaṇam 11, no. 7.6); text in ; encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions. -

- - - - - - 7.6 - - - - - 3 - I - 1321 - 83 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00459.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00459.xml deleted file mode 100644 index e318f4fe0..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00459.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,178 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Ācūr Sluice - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00459 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Commission of a sluice by three individuals. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- makka - pērkāṇa - m caimāri-ma - kkaḷ nākaṉum - Ulakaṉum cāt - taṉum mūvarum - ceyyta tūmpu -

- -
- -
- - - - - ceyyta - ceyyat - ceyta = past peyareccam of cey-tal. - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- The sluice that Nākaṉ, Ulakaṉ and Cāttaṉ, relatives makkaḷ of , these three, have made. - -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

Edited in (Āvaṇam 12, no. 5.1); text in .

-

Encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous editions.

- - - - - - 12 (2001) - 5.1 - - - - - 3 - I - 1325 - 87 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00461.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00461.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 21405b873..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00461.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,178 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Vallam, donation, time of unknown king, unknown year - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00461 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of sheep for the upkeep of a perpetual lamp in a temple. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - -

- - hā-devarku non - tā-viḷak=ku Eri - ya śrī-Atikā - ppiyaṉ vai - tta cāvā muvā - pēr āṭu toṇ - ṇūṟṟu A - ṟu -

- -

- Idhammam· ra - kṣippāṉ - śrīpātam - Eṉ talai - mēlaṉa -

- -
- -
- - - - - Eri - ya - 4 10 - IAR notes: The number 40 is mentioned after the word, “nandavilakku” This may denote the weight of the lamp - - - - -
- -
- - -

- -

- ninety-six undying unaging great sheep that the glorious Atikāppiyaṉ gave, so as to burn a perpetual for the Mahādeva -

- -

- The feet of he who protects this pious act are on my head. -

- -
- -
- - - -
- -
- -

- Summary and facsimile in IAR 2003-04 ; encoded and Edited and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on the published facsimile. -

- - - - - - - - 367 - 279 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00462.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00462.xml deleted file mode 100644 index f6f86be62..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00462.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,185 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Āṭutuṟai, donation, time of [name lost], year [lost] - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00462 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Lacunose. Appears to record a donation in gold from taxes on land. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī . - - - -

- śrī-kō-vicaiya- - -

- -

- tirukkuraṅkāṭutuṟai - tuk kai-k koṇṭa poṉṉālum - p-paṭi Uṭaiya nilaṉ Oṉ - ṟiṉālum vanta Iṟai Eppērppaṭṭatum Acantrā - tittavarai cāttu-k kuṭuppōm aṉōm maruttuvakkuṭi - sabhaiyōm -

- -

- Itu paṉmāheśvara-rakṣai . -

-
- - - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Umpteenth year of the victorious king . -

- -

- With the gold receveid of Tirukkuraṅkāṭutuṟai, we have become those who will give cāttu, as long as the moon and the sun, whathever taxes that come from one plot , we, the members of the assembly of Maruttuvakkuṭi. -

- -

- This pious act is under the protection of the Paṉmāheśvaras. -

- - -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (SII 23, no. 359); encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous edition(s). -

- - - - - - 249 - 359 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00464.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00464.xml deleted file mode 100644 index d59dc6f26..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00464.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,171 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Cāram, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅka, year 25 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00464 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of rice to a god’s temple. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-niruvpatuṅkaṟkiu yāṇṭu Iruppatt’ aintu -

- -

- cārattu -nampimārum peru-nampi nākarāyaṉṉṉ] iv-vūr-t taḷiyuṭaiyār kaiyil -vaitta caruvappāṉai nāṉk’ uri Aruici Aṭum keṭāmai rakṣippatu Ūrum -

- -
- -
- - - - - nāṉk’ uri - nākuri - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune!

- -

- Year twenty-five of the victorious king Nṛpatuṅka.

- -

- The rice, that is, four urisThat is, a measure of capacity. in vessels caruvappānaiThat is, a specific type of vessel, a shallow wide-mouthed vessel, according to the Madras Tamil Lexicon. that Perunampi Nākarāyaṉ, one among the Nampimārs of Cāram, has given in the hand of the temple chief-priest taḷiyuṭaiyār is protected without failure aṭum by the ūr ūrumThat is, the assembly of village delegates. Here, grammatically, subject of rakṣippatu, whereas arici is the object of rakṣippatu.. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (Āvaṇam 14, no. 2); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on previous edition(s). -

- - - - - - 14 (July 2003) - 2 - - - - - - - - - 63 - B/2001-2002 - 292 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00469.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00469.xml deleted file mode 100644 index a155cbdd7..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00469.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,161 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kāyampaṭṭu, hero-stone - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00469 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Hero-stone commemorating the demise of Kattaiyaṉ, son of Iṟaiyamaṉ of Tōkkaipāṭi during a cattle-raid in Tōkkaipāṭi. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - spaśri ri - - - -

- tōkkai-pāṭi - Iṟaiyamaṉ makaṉ kattaiya - ṉ tōkkai-pāṭi toṟum iīṭṭu - -p-papṭṭāṉ -

- -
- -
- - - - spaśri ri - The word svasti is obviously intended here. - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Kattaiyaṉ, son of Iṟaiyamaṉ of Tōkkaipāṭi, became weak īṭṭupaṭṭānThat is, “died”. during a cattle-raid in Tōkkaipāṭi -

- - -
- -
- -

Probably dated to the Pallava period, on arguments based on paleography.

- -
- -
- -

- Quoted (partially) in . -

-

- Edited and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on photos (EFEO, 2099). -

- - - - - - 124 - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00475.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00475.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 1ff757db0..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00475.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,166 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Vallam, foundation - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00475 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Foundation of a temple (tēvakulam). - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- lakka cōmāciyār makaḷ - tēvakulam -

- -
- -
- - - - - lakka cōmāciyār - lakka cōmāciyār - - - - makaḷ - makaḷ - - - - tēvakulam - tēvakulam - - - - - - -
- -
- -

- The temple tēvakulam offounded by the daughter of Lakka Cōmāciyār. -

- -
- -
-
- -
- -

-Edited in ; encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous edition(s). -

- - - - - - 37 - - - - - - - - - 4, 87 - B/2000-2001 - 429 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00476.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00476.xml deleted file mode 100644 index e89182758..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00476.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,173 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Vallam, foundation - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00476 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Foundation of a temple (tēvakulam). - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- pallava-pēr Araicar makaḷ kommai tēvakulam -

- -
- -
- - - - - pallava° - pallava - - - - kommai - kommai - kompai - - - - tēvakulam - tēvakulam - - - - - - -
- -
- -

- The temple tēvakulam offounded by Kommai, the daughter of the great Pallava king. -

- -
- -
-
- -
- -

-Edited in ; encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous edition(s). -

- - - - - - 39 - - - - - - - - - 62 - B/1972-1973 - 260 - - - - - 4, 87 - B/2000-2001 - 430 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00477.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00477.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 48ccb2c1c..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00477.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,124 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Mahābalipuram, Shore temple, narrative panels - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00477 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Illegible short lines on the frame separating two royal narrative panels. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- - - - - - -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

Reported here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on photographs (Emmanuel Francis, 2004).

- -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00478.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00478.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 2af1940c5..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00478.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,158 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Mahābalipuram, <foreign>biruda</foreign> - - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00478 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Personal name: a biruda (glorifying sobriquet). - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - malla - - - -
- - - -
- -

- The WrestlerThat is, the Pallava king Narasiṁhavarman I, according to ..

- - -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in , with a picture; re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on previous edition(s) and published visual documentation. -

- - - - - - 62 - XXXI facing page 64 - - - - - 61 - XXXI facing page 58 - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00480.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00480.xml deleted file mode 100644 index cae884faa..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00480.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,218 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Koḷappākkam, donation, time of Vijaya-Mahārāja, year (8) - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00480 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of land for mid-day food offerings (amutu) in a god’s temple. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- śrī-vijaya-mahārājaṟku yāṇṭu - Eṭṭ-āvatu -

- -

puliyūr-k-kōṭṭattu-p pērūr-nāṭṭu - kuḷappākka-kiḻāṉ nātaṉ tēva - ṉ Iv-vūr-t tiru-vahastisvarattu mahātēvaṟkku Ā - cantira-kālamum nicamum matyāṉatt’ oru tiru-v-amirtuk - ku vaitta pūmi tūmpeṉappaṭṭikku mērki - ṟ kāṭṭu kuḷakkollai Iru-nūṟṟ’ aimpatu ku - ḻi -

- -

- I-tarmmam rakṣikka kaṭavōm Ūrom Ūrōm -

- -

itu panmā - hesvarar rakṣai

- -

- I-tarmmam rakṣippār pāta - - tuḷ Eṉ talai mēḻaṉa -

- -
- -
- - - - - tiru-vahastisvarattu - tiru-vahastisvarattu - It is possible that the ’s edition transcription represents in fact iru-vahastiśvarattu. - - - - - Ūrom Ūrōm - Ūrom Ūrōm - The duplication of Ūrōm might be a typo in the ’s edition transcription. - - - - - panmā - hesvarar - panmā - hesvarar - It is possible that the ’s edition transcription represents in fact panmā - heśvarar. - - - - - -
- -
- - -

- Prosperity! Fortune!

- -

- Eighth year of the glorious and victorious Mahārāja. -

- -

- The land that Nātaṉ Tēvaṉ, the lord of Kuḷappākkam in the Pērūrnāṭu of the Pūliyūrkkōṭṭam, has given for one mid-day glorious food offering, as long as the moon and the sun, nicamum, for the Mahādeva of the Tiruvakastīśvara of this village: two hundred fifty kuḻīs in Kuḷakkollai in the forest west of Tūmpenappaṭṭi. -

- -

- This pious act, we are bound to protect it, we, the village delagates. -

- -

- This pious act is under the protection of the Panmāheśvaras. -

- -

- The feet of he who protects this pious act are on my head. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (Āvaṇam 17, no. 22.1); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on previous edition(s). -

- - - - - - 17 (2006) - 22.1 - - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00481.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00481.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 8af9dd45e..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00481.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,154 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Māmpākkam, inscription, time of Nandivikramavarman, year lost - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00481 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Fragment kept the Chennai Government Museum, containing only the regnal year of the Pallava king Nandivarman. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiyyya-nanti-vikkirama-parumarkku yāṇṭu - ṭi -

- -
- - - -
- - -

- - year of the victorious king Nandivikramavarman - -

- -
- -
- -

The provenance is Mampākkam according to . On the Chennai Goverment Museum website (https://www.chennaimuseum.org/draft/gallery/01/04/inscrip2.htm) the provenance is Mangadu, that is, Māṅkāṭu, where two Pallava inscriptions (DHARMA_INSPallava00131 and DHARMA_INSPallava00235) were found.

- -
- -
- -

- Illustrated in ; encoded and Edited and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on photographs (2019). -

- - - - - - - - 217 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00483.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00483.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 42c064cd2..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00483.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,200 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Poykainallūr, donation, time of Vajrameghavarman, year 7 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00483 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation for food-offering (amutu) to a god’s temple. Fragment. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svastai śrī - - -

- śrī-vayira-mēka-varmarkku - yāṇṭu 7-vatu -

- -

- tāmaṟ-kōṭṭattu - poykai-nallūr sabhaiyōm - tiru-vakattīśva - tiruvamirtu paṇṇa - tiruvamirtukkum āka -

- -

- -

- -
- -
- - - - - svastai - svastai - It is possible that a typo crept in the ’s transcription and that svasti is in fact the correct reading. - - - - sabhaiyōm - - ச4பை4யோம் - - We surmise that our transliterated reading represents the ’s transcription. - - - - - °vakattīśva° - - - °வகத்தீச்4வ° - - We surmise that our transliterated reading represents the ’s transcription. The text might be supplied as °vakattīśvarattu mahādevarkku. - - - - - -
- -
- - -

- Prosperity! Fortune!

- -

- 7th year of the glorious VajrameghavarmanVayiramēkavarmar in the original Tamil text.. -

- -

- We, the members of the assembly of Poykainallūr in the Tāmaṟkōṭṭam to the Mahādeva of the Tiruvakattiśvara glorious food offering so as to be for glorious food offering -

- -

- -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (Āvaṇam 17, no. 7.1); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on previous edition(s). -

- - - - - - 17 (2006) - 7.1 - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00484.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00484.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 52fc816cc..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00484.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,237 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Māraṉēri, donation, time of Nṛpatuṅkavikramavarman, year 24 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00484 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for the upkeep of a perpetual lamp. - - - -

The puḷḷi is used.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - -

- kō-vicaiya - ya-nirupatuṅka-vi - kkirama-paṉ·makkiu - yāṇṭu 24 Irupa - ttu nāṉ·k-āvatu -

- -

- - yi-ṉāṭ·ṭu-t· te - ṉṉa nan·tipura - ttu nṛpakesari Ī - śvara-gṛhat·tu mahā - tēdevaṟkku It·-taḷi-t - tēvaṉār makaḷ· kēca - mi Oru non·tā - viḷak·kiṉuk·ku-k kuṭut·ta - poṉ· 3 10 m mup·pa - t·tu-k kaḻañ·cu -

- -

- Ip-po - ṉ· poliyāl· - nicati Uri-y eṉ·ṉai - Iṟrup·pat’ āka It·taḷi - tāṉat·tār· kai-y· va - cam vait·tatu -

- -

- - Itu kā - ttāṉ ati Eṉ· ṟalai mē - laṉa -

- -
- -
- - - - - 24 - 24 - This figure is not clear, but should correspond the number provided right after it in words. - - - - nan·tipura - ttu - nan·tipura - - - - - nṛpakesari - rupakesari - - - - It·-taḷi-t -tēvaṉār - Ittaḷit -tēvaṉār - - - - mup·pa -t·tu-k - muppa -tuk - - - - Iṟrup·pat’ āka - Iṟuppatāka - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Twenty-fourth (24) year of the victorious king Nṛpatuṅkavikramavarman. 

- -

- The gold that Kēcami, a daughter of the god of this temple has given for one perpetual lamp for the Mahādeva of the Nṛpakesarīśvaragṛha of Nantipuram in the nāṭu: 30 kaḻañcus. -

- -

- ItThat is, the gold. has been given in the hands of the trustees tāṉattār of this temple. -

- -

- The feet of he who protects this pious act are on my head. -

- -
- -
-
- -
- -

-Edited in (Āvaṇam 23, no. 4), with a photograph of estampage; encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous edition(s) and published visual documentation. -

- - - - - - 4 - - - - - - - - - 3-4, 81 - B/2018-2019 - 356 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00487.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00487.xml deleted file mode 100644 index b46bf218d..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00487.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,162 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Pūñcēri, personal name - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00487 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Name of a person. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- narēnraḥ narēnra -

- - -
- -
- - - - - narēnraḥ - narēnra: - We surmise that the colon in represents a visarga. - - - - -
- -
- - -

- Prosperity! Fortune!

- -

- Narendra Narendra! -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (Āvaṇam 20, no. 2); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on previous edition(s). -

- - - - - - 20 (2009) - 2 - - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00488.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00488.xml deleted file mode 100644 index fe69cbbca..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00488.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,161 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kāñcīpuram, Kailāsanātha, Mahendravameśvaragṛha, temple-name on southern - string wall, time of Mahendravarman (1/2) - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00488 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Name of a temple. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- mahendra-varmmeśvara-gṛhaM -

- -
- -
- - -
- -
- -

The temple of the Lord of Mahendravarman.

- -
- -
- -

Le temple du Seigneur de Mahendravarman.

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-First recorded and edited by 222 (SII 1); text and translation in (B no. 53.b); re-edited here by Sylvain Brocquet & Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs (2004).

- - - - - - - - - - 611 - 53/c - - - - - - - - - 213 - 1 - - - - - 282-283 - 47 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00489.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00489.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 1f0b276f6..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00489.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,162 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kāñcīpuram, Kailāsanātha, Mahendravameśvaragṛha, temple-name on northern - string wall, time of Mahendravarman (2/2) - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00489 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Name of a temple. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding - template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- mahen-dravarmmeśvara-gṛhaM -

- -
- -
- - -
- -
- -

The temple of the Lord of Mahendravarman.

- -
- -
- -

Le temple du Seigneur de Mahendravarman.

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-First recorded and edited by 222 (SII 1); text and translation in (B no. 53.c); re-edited here by Sylvain Brocquet & Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs (2004).

- - - - - - - - - - 611 - 53/c - - - - - - - - - 213 - 1 - - - - - 282-283 - 47 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00491.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00491.xml deleted file mode 100644 index a79b86e48..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00491.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,168 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kariyāḷūr, hero-stone (?), time of Dantivikrama - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00491 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Hero-stone (?) commemorating the death of Āykaivāpāṭi Valiyār. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya-Īy-īsvara-tanti-vikkiramarkku yāṇtu nāṉk-āvatu -

-

- Āykaivāpāṭi valiyār poṉṉaic ceṉṟu -

- - -
- - -
- - -

- Prosperity!

- -

- Fourth year of the victorious king and lord Dantivikrama!

- -

- Āykaivāpāṭi Valiyār died. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (Āvaṇam 19, no. 3.2); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on previous edition(s). -

- - - - - - 19 (2008) - 3.2 - - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00492.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00492.xml deleted file mode 100644 index f43d20c65..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00492.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,176 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kāṭṭumalaiyaṉūr hero-stone, time of Nandīśvara, year 6[?] - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - Valérie - Gillet - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - Valérie - Gillet - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00492 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis and Valérie Gillet.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the death of a hero. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the - file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-nanticcuvara-maṟku yāṇṭu Āṟupatt’ oe - ṭṭḻṉṟāvatu -

- -

- ciṅṅkapura-nāṭu milyi-vaḻi malaiyaṉṉṉūur mīṇṭu - Ammaṇiyaṉṉār mmmakaṉ Iṭaraāṉ vpiyum paya - ceṉṟu pāreḷaṭṭiṟṟattni - kku kal -

- -
- -
- - - oe - ṭṭḻṉṟāvatu - Three different readings are possible for the regnal year: 61st (Āṟupatt’ oṉṟāvatu), 67th (Āṟupatt’ ēḻāvatu), and 68th (Āṟupatt’ eṭṭāvatu). In , the reading 69th is suggested, but there is not enough space on the stone to accomodate three characters in the gap and obtain Āṟupatt’ oṉpatāvatu. - - - - milyi-vaḻi - The reading is mīlvaḻi according to . It is possible that mēl-vaḻi is meant. - - - - - The upper part of the headdress of the left-hand figure (represented below the inscription on the stele) comes between these two lacunae. - - -
- -
- -

- Sixty- year of the victorious king Nandīśvara. -

- -

- This is the stone of having gone , the son of Ammaṇiyaṉār, of Malaiyāṉūr in Mi(l/y)ivaḻi in the Ciṅkapuranāṭu. -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

- First noticed in ; edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis & Valérie Gillet (2021), based on photos. -

- - - - - - 83 - B/2018-2019 - 363 - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00493.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00493.xml deleted file mode 100644 index a85d36238..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00493.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,169 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kīḻ Vīti sluice - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00493 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Construction of a sluice at the order of the purohita Vēṭpai Cōmāciyār. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - śrī - - -

- naraciṅka-caruma-p - -purōyita-vēṭpai-c-cōmā - ciyār ceyivitta tūmpu

- - - śrī - - -
- - -
- - -

- Prosperity!

- -

- This is the sluice that naraciṅka-caruma°It is not clear if we have to understand here Narasiṁha Śarman, that is, another element of the personal name of the commissioner of the sluice, or, with an emendation, Narasiṁhavarman, that is, Vēṭpai Cōmāciyār would be the purohita of Narasiṁhavarman. the purohita Vēṭpai Cōmāciyār had made.

- -

- Prosperity! -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (Āvaṇam 22, no. 1), with a photograph; re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on previous edition(s) and published visual documentation. -

- - - - - - 22 (2011) - 1 - - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00494.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00494.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 323be7805..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00494.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,145 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Makēntiravāṭi, boulder - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00494 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- Anavasthita-cittaṉ -

- -

- ppa i i ḷṉi -

-
- -
- - - - - Anavaita-cittaṉ - - S. Deepika reads Anavanītacittaṉ in a paper on Academia.edu. - - - - - -
- -
- -

The unsteady-minded one.

- -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

Reported and read by S. Deepika (Deccan Chronicle, Chennai, May 9th, 2016).

- -

Edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on photos (Emmanuel Francis, 2004; Deccan Chronicle, Chennai, May 9th, 2016). -

- - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00497.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00497.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 88c5d32fc..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00497.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,210 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruneṭuṅkalam, donation, time of Tantippōttaraiyaṉ, year 2 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00497 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for daily food offering for a god’s temple. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- tanti-p-pōttaraiyaṟku yā - ṇṭu Iraṇṭ-āvatu -

- -

- maṟpiṭuku viḻu - p-pēraraiyaṉ-āyiṉa cattaṉ utai - yāṅkuraṉ tiru-neṭuṅkaḷattu - -p paṭārarkku Oḻukkavi vaitta - poṉ patiṉ aiṅ-kaḻañcu -

-

- Olōc - caṉ vaitta {symbol} cēntaṉ vaitta - poṉ 6ṅ kaḻañcu cāṉantami - cānti vaitta poṉ 6ṅ kaḻañcu -

- -
- -
- - - - - viḻu - p-pēraraiyaṉ-āyiṉa - viḻu - ppēraiyaṉ-āyiṉa - - - - -p paṭārarkku - paṭārarkku - - - - Oloc - caṉ - Oloc - ca - - - - {symbol} - ½ - - - - -
- -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Second year of TantippōttaraiyaṉThat is, the Pallava king Dantivarman.. -

- -

- The gold that Cattaṉ Utaiyāṅkuraṉ aliasViḷuppēraraiyaṉ has given as daily food offering oḻukkavi for the paṭārar of the Tiruneṭuṅkalam: fifteen kaḻañcus. -

- -

- ... -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

-Edited in (Varalāṟu 8, no. 3); re-edited and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous edition(s) and, for lines 1-7, on photographs (2016) kindly provided by Valérie Gillet. -

- - - - - - 3.3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00498.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00498.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 63f1b417b..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00498.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,169 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Vañcikkuḻi hero-stone, time of Narasiṁhavarman, year 24 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00498 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Hero-stone commemorating the death of Kalimanta Ati Araicaṉ. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-naraiciṅka-paruma - ṟkkiu yāṇṭu Irupattiu nāl-Āvatu - -

-

- vañcikkkuḻi UṭaiAyaṉ kalimanta Ati - Araicaṉ AṟaŪyūr mēl ceṉṟu paṭṭāṉ -

- -
- -
- - - - - °vicaiya° - °vicai° - - - - vañci-kk-kuḻi - vañcikuḻi - - - - -
- -
- -

- Twenty-fourth year of the victorious king NarasiṁhavarmanNaraiciṅkaparumaṉ in the the original Tamil text, that is, the Pallava king Narasiṁhavarman I according to .. -

- -

- Kalimanta Ati Araicaṉ, the lord of Vañcikkuḻi, died when marching ceṉṟuLiterallly, “going”. upon Aṟayūr. -

- -
- -
-
- -
- -

-Edited in (Āvaṇam 19, no. 2), with a picture; encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous edition(s). -

- - - - - - 2 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00500.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00500.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 3e4d3b64a..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00500.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,156 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Corakōlatūr hero-stone - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00500 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Hero-stone erected in honour of Ceruvaliyār, son of Nāyakar Ataṭṭiyār. - - - -

The letter ள் ḷ has a peculiar form.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - -

- kōvicaiya-nanti-vikkirram - ma-parumarkiu yāṇṭu patiṉēḻava - tu -

-

- pal-kuṉrā-k-kōṭṭattu maṇṭaikuḷa-nā - ṭṭu-c curaikkuḷattu-t toṟu-k-kōḷil - ppaṭṭār nilam peṟṟua nāyakar Ataṭ - ṭiyār makaṉār ceruvaliyār -

- -
- -
- - - - curaikkuḷattu - The reading cuṉaikkuḷattu is a possibility, but ṉ has not such a long stroke in the inscription. - - - -
- -
- -

Prosperity! Fortune!

-

Year twenty-seven of the victorious king Nandivikramavarman.

-

Ceruvaliyār, son of Nāyakar Ataṭṭiyār, who fell in a cattle-raid at Curaikkuḷam in the Palkuṉrākkōṭṭam and in the Maṇṭaikuḷanāṭu, obtained a land.

- -
- - -
- -
- -

-Reported in with facsimile; re-edited and first translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on the facsimile published in . -

- - - - - - 4, 85 - B/2018-2019 - 371 - XII - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00501.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00501.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 6eac2509f..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00501.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,159 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kalciṟunākalūr hero-stone - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00501 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Hero-stone commemorating the death of Cāmi. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kaṭaiveṇ - malaikkōṭ - ṭu vēṭṭuvaru I - ruvāy toṟuk ko - ḷuṭ paṭṭāṉ kampā - ṭaru makaṉ cāmi kal -

- -
- - - -
- -

- This is the stone of Cāmi, the son of Kampāṭaru , he who died seizing cattle - -

- -
- -
-
- -
- -

-Edited in (Āvaṇam 10, no. 3.1); encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous edition(s). -

- - - - - - 3.2 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00505.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00505.xml deleted file mode 100644 index e59e970dc..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00505.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,251 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Cāḷuvaṉ Kuppam, pillar, time of Nantippōttaraiyaṉ, year 12 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00505 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for providing food a the time of the Karttikai festival in Tiruviḻicil. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - - - svasti śrī - - -

- nan=ti - -p-pōtt-arai - yaṟkku paṉ - ṉ-iraṇṭ-āvatu - -

-

- śrī-mā-malla - -purattu kīrai - -p-piriyaṉ - tiru-Iv-iḻiccil - sa hāsira - - śrīkku patiṉ - kaḻañcu po - ṉ kuṭuttā - ṉ -

-

- Ataṉ po - li-y-ūṭṭu ko - ṇ - ṭu - kārt - tikai - -y kār - tti - kai nā - ṉṟu - viḻā - -c ce - yt’ ū - ṭṭu - vōm ā - ṉō - m sapai - yōm -

-

- Ivv-ūrum - kīrai-p-piri - yaṉukk’ oṭ - ṭi kuṭuttō - m -

- -
- -
- - - - - nan=ti° - nanti° - nandi - The correct reading has been assessed from photos (Emmanuel Francis, 2008; Frontline 22.22, not any more online). - - - - °āvatu - °āvatu - - - - sa hāsira - - sa bhiāsira - capaiyō - - - - kārt - tikai - -y kār - tti - kai - - kāt - tikai - -y kā - tti - kai - - - - -
- -
- -

Prosperity! Fortune!

- -

Twelfth year of Nantippōttaraiyaṉ.

- -

- Kīraippiriyaṉ of the glorious Māmallapuram - gave ten kaḻañcus of gold - for - of/at Tiruviḻicil. -

- -

We, the members of the assembly have become those who, with the interest of that gold, will provide food ūṭṭuvōm, when celebrating ceytu the festival at the time of KarttikaiSee MTL, s.v. kārttikai: 4. cf. kārttika. The full-moon day in the month of Kārttikai when every house is beautifully lit with lamps. in the month of Karttikai.

- -

- We commit ourselves to giveThat is, to have the deposited gold used for the purpose indicated. - to/for Kīraippiriyaṉ of this village.

- -
- - - -
- -

Edited in (Āvaṇam 17.23.1), in , in .

-

Encoded and translated here by Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on the previous editions, none of which seems sufficiently reliable, notably for the transliteration of Grantha characters of the original and for the length of lacunas. The present digital edition is thus provisional and should be revised with proper visual documentation.

- - - - - - 127-128 - 1 - - - - - 181-182 - 1 - - - - - 147-149 - 1 - - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00506.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00506.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 4bf1bba33..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00506.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,224 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Cāḷuvaṉ Kuppam, pillar, time of <unclear>Kampa</unclear>varman, year 17 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00506 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for upkeeping a perpetual lamp and of land to provide sacred food-offerings. Very similar (content, individual mentioned) to INSPallava00507. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - - svasti śrī - - -

- kampa-va - mmaṟku yāṇṭu patiṉ-ēḻ-ā - vatu -

-

- tiru-v-iḻiccil cupra - maṇya-paṭārarkku maṉaiy - yiṟ cāṇṭayalaṉ kiḻavaṉ - kayi caṉ makan - śrī-kampapattanṉ pirāmaṇi va - santa-pirāṭṭiyār - kuṭutta patiṉ-āṟu kaḻañcu - poṉṉāl kaḻañciṉ vā - y Arṟu nāḻi-p palicai-y-āka Ā - ṭṭāṇṭu tōṟum toṇṇū - ru nāḻi Eṇṇai -

-

- Ip-po - ṉ koṇṭu Erikka - ttu-k koṇṭu nantā-viḷakku - Erippōm āṉōm -

-

- - tiru-v-amirtukkuk kuṭutta - kiḻāṉ ceṟuvil - na kallilum tiru-v-a - vippōm āṉōm -

-

- - - lai mēl - tirukkiṉ kiḻavar-āṉa - maṉṉa -

- -
- -
- - - - - °va - mmaṟku - - The original reading might be °va - rmmaṟku. - - - - cupra - maṇya° - - The original reading might be subrahmaṇya°. - - - - -
- -
- -

Prosperity! Fortune!

- -

Seventeenth year of Kampavarman.

- -

- With the sixteen kaḻañcus of gold - that Vasanta Pirāṭṭiyār, the Brahmin spouse of - ... - gave, - ninety nāḻis of oil - are to be provided - ... -

- -

- We have become those who, with this gold, - - will burn a perpetual lamp. 

- -

- We have become those who have sacred food-offerings fed tiru-v-amirtu ūṭṭuvippōm - - the field of the landowner given for sacred food-offerings. -

- -

- . - The feet of he who protect this pious act are on my head eṉ talai mēl. - -

- -
- - - -
- -

Edited in .

-

Encoded and translated here by Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on ’s edition, which does not seem sufficiently reliable, notably for the transliteration of Grantha characters of the original and for the length of lacunas. The present digital edition is thus provisional and should be revised with proper visual documentation.

- - - - - - 149-150 - 2 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00507.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00507.xml deleted file mode 100644 index ccd824d33..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00507.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,232 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Cāḷuvaṉ Kuppam, pillar, time of <unclear>Kampa</unclear>varman, year 18 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00507 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for upkeeping a perpetual lamp and of land to provide sacred food-offerings. Very similar (content, individual mentioned) to INSPallava00506. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - - svasti śrī - - -

- kampa-va - rmmaṟku yāṇṭu patiṉ-ēḻ-ā - vatu -

-

- maṉaiyir-kōṭṭattu ma - ṉaiyiṟ cāṇṭalya kōṅ kiḻa - varkaḷil ciyacarmmaṉṉā - ṉ śrī-kampapaṭṭaṉ prāma - ṇi vacantaṉār tiru - -v-iḻiccil śrī-su - prahmaṇṇaya-paṭṭārarkku - nontā-viḷakku-k kuṭu - tta poṉ patiṉ-a - rṟu kaḻañcu -

-

- Ip-poṉ - -Il kaḻañciṉ vā - y aṟu nāḻi Eṇṇai - palicai-y-āka Aṭṭāṇ - ṭu tōṟum mu - Ayppaci ce - ṭa-t toṇṇūṟu - nāḻi Eṇṇai E - ri-yvippōm āṉō - m capaiyōm -

-

- I - nta pirāṭṭiyār tiru-v-a - mirtukku-k kuṭutta - kiḻāṉ ceṟuvil - vanta pōkam Ā - ṭṭāṇṭu tōṟum - Iruntu kuṭu - ppōm āṉōm - capaiyōm -

- -
- -
- - - - - °va - rmmaṟku - - - The original reading might be °va - rmmaṟku. - - - - - °su - prahmaṇṇaya° - - - The original reading might be subrahmaṇya°. - - - - -
- -
- -

Prosperity! Fortune!

- -

Seventeenth year of Kampavarman.

- -

- There are sixteen kaḻañcus of gold that - ... - Vacantaṉār, the Brahmin spouse of - ... - gave for a perpetual lamp for the glorious Subrahmaṇya ... -

- -

- We, the members of the assembly, have become those who will have ... -

- -

- We, the members of the assembly, have become those who will give ... -

- -
- - - -
- -

Edited in (Āvaṇam 17.23.2), in , in .

-

Encoded and translated here by Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on the previous editions, none of which seems sufficiently reliable, notably for the transliteration of Grantha characters of the original and for the length of lacunas. The present digital edition is thus provisional and should be revised with proper visual documentation.

- - - - - - 128-129 - 2 - - - - - 182-183 - 2 - - - - - 150-152 - 3 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00508.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00508.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 4300468bb..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00508.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,225 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Cāḷuvaṉ Kuppam, pillar, time of Kampavarman, year 18 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00508 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for upkeeping a perpetual lamp. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - - -
- - - - - svasti śrī - - -

- - kampa-varmmaṟku - yāṇṭu patiṉ - Eṭṭāvatu -

-

- maṉaiyiṟ - -kōṭṭattu maṉaiyi - ṇṭaṅ kiḻavarkaḷil ra - l ciyacarmaṉ pirāhmaṇi - - naṅkai-p perumāṉ - tiru-v-iḻiccil supra - hmaṇya-paṭārarkku nantā-viḷa - kkukku kuṭutta poṉ pattu -

-

- I - p-poṉṉālum vanta Aṟu-patiṉā - ḻi Eṇṇaiyum Āṭṭā - ṇṭu tōṟum tiru-v-iḷakku - muṭṭāmai-y Eriya vai - ppōm āṉōm sapaiyōm -

- -
- -
- - - - - °varmmaṟku - - - The original reading might be °varmmaṟku. - - - - pirāhmaṇi - - - The original reading might be pirāhmaṇi. - - - - supra - hmaṇya° - - - The original reading might be subra - hmaṇya°. - - - - - -
- -
- -

Prosperity! Fortune!

- -

Eighteenth year of Kampavarman.

- -

- There are ten kaḻañcus of gold that - ..., - the Brahmin spouse of - ... - gave for a perpetual lamp for the glorious Subrahmaṇya ... -

- -

- We, the members of the assembly, have become those who will ... -

- - -
- - - -
- -

Edited in (Āvaṇam 17.23.3), in , in .

-

Encoded and translated here by Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on the previous editions, none of which seems sufficiently reliable, notably for the transliteration of Grantha characters of the original and for the length of lacunas. The present digital edition is thus provisional and should be revised with proper visual documentation.

- - - - - - 129 - 3 - - - - - 183 - 3 - - - - - 152-153 - 4 - - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00511.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00511.xml deleted file mode 100644 index ced31bc53..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00511.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,143 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Mahābalipuram, rock north of Gaṇeśaratha, word 3 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00511 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Isolated name. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- nārayaṇa -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
-

This inscription is found near INSPallava00361. It consists in two syllables in Tamil.

-
- -
- -

-Reported in ; reported by 7601; encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020). -

- - - - - - 760 - 1 - - - - - - - - - 73 - B/1959-1960 - 264 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00512.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00512.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 1957b296f..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00512.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,142 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Mahābalipuram, rock north of Gaṇeśaratha, word 4 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00512 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Isolated word. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- dhita

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
-

This inscription is found near INSPallava00362. It consists in three Grantha syllables.

-
- -
- -

-Reported in ; reported by 7611; encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020). -

- - - - - 761 - 1 - - - - - - - - - 73 - B/1959-1960 - 265 - - - - -
- - - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00513.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00513.xml deleted file mode 100644 index bad81e3cb..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00513.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,197 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Hanumantapuram hero-stone 2/2 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00513 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Hero-stone erected in honour of Kāṭaṭi Kaṟakkaṉ, who fell during a - fight. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-Īccuvara-parumaṟkiu - yāṇṭu patiṉ ēḻḻḻ-āvat’

- -

- aṉṅkaṭ - kāṭṭiṟaikaḷ ceyikka-v aracar - māṟṟ-uṭai ceṉṟa tāṉ aṟupaṭṭāṉ - kāṭaṭi kaṟakkaṉ -

- -
- -
- - - - °vicaiya-Īccu° - °vijaya-rājacu° - This reading in - is tentative though, as indicated by a question mark. - - - - °parumaṟkiu yāṇṭu - °parumaṟk’ iyāṇṭu - It is not clear however whether ’s reading [ṟk=i*] is meant for characters omitted and supplied. - We do not follow in considering that we have here iyāṇṭu, that is yāṇṭu with epenthesis. Although this is possible, it seems unlikely considering other attestations of the dative variant -ki for -ku. See, e.g., INSPallava00252, of the same Īccuvaravarman, where, in lines 1-3, we find kō-vicaiya-Īccuvaraparumaṟki paṉṉiraṇṭ-āvatu. - - - - aṉṅkaṭ - aṉkaṭ - It is not clear however whether ’s reading [ṭ*] is meant for a character omitted and supplied. - - - - ceyikka-v - ceyikka-v - - - - -
- -
-

- In the seventeenth year of the reign of king Vijaya-Īśvaravarman, when Kāṭṭiṟai was victorious, Kāṭaṭi Kaṟakkaṉ himself, who went among the enemies of the king, was cut down. 

-
- -
-

- Seventeenth year of the victorious king Īśvaravarman. 

-

- When, there aṅkaṇ, the honourable Kāṭṭiṟai vanquished, Kāṭaṭi Kaṟakkaṉ, who went against the change of property, was himself cut down. 

-
-
-

there (aṅkaṇ) = Kaṉaiyūr, see tfaPalllava253.

-

Hultzsch: fn6: māṟṟu seems to be used in the sense of māṟṟār, ‘enemies.’

-

Hultzsch: “Unlike other vīrakkals, the stone bears no sculptures of any kind." Untrue. See slab in Chennai Government Museum (acc. no. 2160/78). Hultzsch worked with estampages of the inscriptions only.

-

Hultzsch: Īśvaravarman = Gaṅga-Pallava

-

Hultzsch: kāṭṭiṟai, “king of the forester” = synonym of kāṭavaṉ, “forester” = synonym of kāṭaṭi (kāṭu, “forest” + aṭi, “His majesty”). + “It thus appears that a descendant of the PalIava dynasty was tributary to the Gaṅga-Pallava king Vijaya-Īśvaravarman."

-

See tfaPallava253, same slab (left of the present inscription).

-
- -
- -

-Edited in with facsimile and English translation (EI 7, no. 4.2b), based on an inked estampage; text and summary in (IP no. 253b); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy and photographs (2019). -

- - - - - - 23-24 - I/B - - - - - 627-628 - 253/B - - - - - - - - - 49 - B/1900 - 17 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00514.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00514.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 9a5a63c8e..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00514.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,126 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tirumayyam, musical inscription 3 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00514 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Mentions a musical instrument. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- parivādinidā -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

Copies of the same inscription, likewise with a rectangular frame (single-lined or two-lined), are found in Kuṭumiyāmalai (INSPallava00023 = IP 23), Malayakkōvil (INSPallava00025 = IP 25) and, again, in Tirumayyam (INSPallava00031 = IP 31).

- -
- -
- -

Reported and edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on photographs (Emmanuel Francis, 2017).

- - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00515.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00515.xml deleted file mode 100644 index b116919bb..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00515.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,159 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Pūñcēri name (3/8) - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00515 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding - template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
-

- pay·yami - ḻip·pāṉ· . -

-
- -
-
- -
- -

Payyamiḻippāṉ.

- -
- -
-

This inscription is part of a series of names found on a group of rocks. See also See tfaPallava52, tfaPallava514, tfaPallava516-520. Six names (tfaPallava52, 514-517, 520) are found on the rock locally known as noṇṭi vīrappaṉ kutiraitoṭṭi (“the watering place of the horse of Noṇṭi Vīrappaṉ”). One on a second rock nearby (tfaPallava518). One on a third rock in the same place (tfaPallava519).

-

SII 12: The following seven labels are engraved in archaic Tamil and Grantha characters on a group of rocks, one of which, on account of a natural cavity in it, is locally known as ’Noṇḍi Vīrappaṉ Kudiraitoṭṭi’. The names Kevadaperundachchaṉ and Kollaṉ Śēmagaṉ found in this place indicate that the persons bearing these names belonged to the artisan class. One of the labels also gives the name Guṇamallaḥ. On account of their palaeographical interest, these labels, as also the one given in the previous inscription SII 12.23 = IP ***, are included here and some of them are reproduced on plate VI plate II in fact.

-
- -
- -

-First edited by (SII 12, n° 23a.3), with a facsimile; text and summary in (IP no. 52.3); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020) from photographs (2011). -

- - - - - - 11 - 23-A - II - 5 items - - - - - 168 - 52 - - - - - - - - - 17 - B/1932-1933 - 105 - - - - - 14 - - - - -
- - - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00516.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00516.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 0de2c1ffd..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00516.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,174 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Pūñcēri name (4/8) - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00516 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding - template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

-cātamukkiyaṉ· -ma -

- -
- -
- - - - ma - - This line is not read by. - - - -
- -
- -

Cātamukkiyaṉ

- -
- -
-

This inscription is part of a series of names found on a group of rocks. See also See tfaPallava52, tfaPallava514-515, tfaPallava517-520. Six names (tfaPallava52, 514-517, 520) are found on the rock locally known as noṇṭi vīrappaṉ kutiraitoṭṭi (“the watering place of the horse of Noṇṭi Vīrappaṉ”). One on a second rock nearby (tfaPallava518). One on a third rock in the same place (tfaPallava519).

-

SII 12: The following seven labels are engraved in archaic Tamil and Grantha characters on a group of rocks, one of which, on account of a natural cavity in it, is locally known as ’Noṇḍi Vīrappaṉ Kudiraitoṭṭi’. The names Kevadaperundachchaṉ and Kollaṉ Śēmagaṉ found in this place indicate that the persons bearing these names belonged to the artisan class. One of the labels also gives the name Guṇamallaḥ. On account of their palaeographical interest, these labels, as also the one given in the previous inscription SII 12.23 = IP ***, are included here and some of them are reproduced on plate VI plate II in fact.

-
- -
- -

-First edited by (SII 12, n° 23-A/4), with a facsimile; this first edition reproduced with a summary by (IP no. 52.4); re-edited here by Emmanuel Francis (2020) from the facsimile in . -

-

-First edited by (SII 12, n° 23a.4), with a facsimile; text and summary in (IP no. 52.4); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) from the facsimile in . -

- - - - - - 11 - 23-A - II - 5 items - - - - - 168 - 52 - - - - - - - - - 17 - B/1932-1933 - 105 - - - - - - 14 - - - - -
- - - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00517.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00517.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 552aa28ef..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00517.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,188 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kāppalūr, Saptamātṛika shrine, no king, no year - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00517 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - ... - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- - - kututtōm sabhaiyōm -

-

- Iv-ūr-p pāraśivaṉṉṉ oru kā - - l-āka-p pērāśāyyamaṉukku Iṉ-ṉilaṉ cuṭṭi - nīr vi li Uḷiṭṭu Eppēṟpaṭṭa Iṟaiyum - koḷḷa pieṟātōm ākavum -

-

- piṭāri-kōyilukku teṟkku - Oru ko kati-k-karaiyum avikkuṇtilukku mēṟkkum - Ivv-uṇ-ṇilam oḻiv’ iṉṟi aṉupōcippār ākavum -

-

- Iv-vūr maṇṇṇutaiyarkaḷum piṭāri-kōyilukku pukum vaḻiyē pukku kāṭukāl kōṭṭam ārāticcu pōka-p peṟuvarkaḷ ākavum -

-

- Ip-paric’ oṭṭi kututtōm sabhaiyōm -

-

- rakṣittār aṭi y-eṉ talai mēḻiṉa -

- -
- -
- - - - - kututtōm - tuttōm - - - -
- -
- -

We, the members of the assembly, we have given

- -

We should not obtain to get taxes, whatever,

- -

...

- -

...

- -

...

- -

The feet of those who protect this are on my head.

- -
- - - -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1938-1939/B/1938-1939/287).

-

Edited in .

-

Encoded here by Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on .

- - - - - - 3 - I - 1311 - 74 - - - - - - - - - - 39 - B/1938-1939 - 287 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00518.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00518.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 10e7fcdf8..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00518.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,177 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Kāppalūr, Tirukkāmēśvara temple, no king, Śaka year 826 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00518 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - ... - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - -

- cakara-yāṇṭu Eṇ-ṇūṟṟ-iru-patt-āṟu -

-

- prahaśvati vraśyyattu niṟka - - nati nāṉṟu kāma-p-pullūr - mēlai śrī-kōyil viṣṇukkalukku nanti-pōcar taḷi-perumāṉ Umiyūr kantaya-kramavittanñ c-ceṟuvu aṟu mā nilamum - Avaṉ makaṉukku ak-kara-tāṉattu aṟu mā nilaṅ kuṭuttu In-nilaṅ koṇṭu deva-ṭ ṭt tiru-v-amutu kāṭṭa devabhogam āka - Iruṣikaḷukku-k kuṭuttēṉ taḷi-perumāṉ-ēṉ -

-

- sabhaiyōm Itukku vēṇṭum mīṇṭu Irṟai - Iḻintōm sabhaiyōm - -

- -
- - - -
- -

Prosperity! Fortune!

- -

Śaka year eight hundred twenty six.

- -

I, Taḷiperumāṉ, I have made a donation to the ṛṣis ...

- -

We, the members of the assembly ...

- -
- - - -
- -

Reported in (ARIE/1938-1939/B/1938-1939/271).

-

Edited in .

-

Encoded here by Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on .

- - - - - - 3 - I - 1327 - 89 - - - - - - - - - - 38, 91 (§59) - B/1938-1939 - 271 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00519.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00519.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 375ea95ba..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00519.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,161 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Pūñcēri name (7/8) - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00519 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding - template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

-kol·laṉ· semakaṉ· -

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

Koḷḷaṉ Semakaṉ.

- -
- -
-

This inscription is part of a series of names found on a group of rocks. See also tfaPallava52, tfaPallava514-518, tfaPallava520. Six names (tfaPallava52, 514-517, 520) are found on the rock locally known as noṇṭi vīrappaṉ kutiraitoṭṭi (“the watering place of the horse of Noṇṭi Vīrappaṉ”). One on a second rock nearby (tfaPallava518). One on a third rock in the same place (tfaPallava519).

-

SII 12: The following seven labels are engraved in archaic Tamil and Grantha characters on a group of rocks, one of which, on account of a natural cavity in it, is locally known as ’Noṇḍi Vīrappaṉ Kudiraitoṭṭi’. The names Kevadaperundachchaṉ and Kollaṉ Śēmagaṉ found in this place indicate that the persons bearing these names belonged to the artisan class. One of the labels also gives the name Guṇamallaḥ. On account of their palaeographical interest, these labels, as also the one given in the previous inscription SII 12.23 = IP ***, are included here and some of them are reproduced on plate VI plate II in fact.

-
- -
- -

-First edited by (SII 12, n° 23a.7), with a facsimile; text and summary in (IP no. 52.7); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020) from photographs (2011). -

- - - - - - 11 - 23-A - II - 5 items - - - - - 168 - 52 - - - - - - - - - 17 - B/1932-1933 - 107 - - - - - 14 - - - - -
- - - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00520.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00520.xml deleted file mode 100644 index b6eb2f172..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00520.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,129 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Pūñcēri name (8/8) - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00520 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Updating toward the encoding - template v03 - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- pe -

- -
- -
- - -
- -
- - -

Pe.

- -
- -
-

This inscription is part of a series of names found on a group of rocks. See also ttfaPallava52, tfaPallava514-519. Six names (tfaPallava52, 514-517, 520) are found on the rock locally known as noṇṭi vīrappaṉ kutiraitoṭṭi (“the watering place of the horse of Noṇṭi Vīrappaṉ”). One on a second rock nearby (tfaPallava518). One on a third rock in the same place (tfaPallava519).

-

SII 12: The following seven labels are engraved in archaic Tamil and Grantha characters on a group of rocks, one of which, on account of a natural cavity in it, is locally known as ’Noṇḍi Vīrappaṉ Kudiraitoṭṭi’. The names Kevadaperundachchaṉ and Kollaṉ Śēmagaṉ found in this place indicate that the persons bearing these names belonged to the artisan class. One of the labels also gives the name Guṇamallaḥ. On account of their palaeographical interest, these labels, as also the one given in the previous inscription SII 12.23 = IP ***, are included here and some of them are reproduced on plate VI plate II in fact.

-
- -
- -

- First reported here and edited by Emmanuel Francis (2020) from photographs (2011). -

- -
- - - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00521.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00521.xml deleted file mode 100644 index c21febf46..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00521.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,183 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Cāḷuvaṉ Kuppam, pillar, time of Nṛpatuṅga, year 13 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00521 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Fragment. Regnal year only. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- yā - ṇṭu nṛpa-tuṅ - kaṟku-p patiṉ mū - ṉṟ-āvatu -

- -

- kat -

- -
- -
- - - - - nṛpa-tuṅ - kaṟku-p - nripatunkarkup - nirupatukarkkup - - - - patiṉ mū - ṉṟ-āvatu - patin mu - nravatu - patiṉ mū - ṉṟāvatu - - - - kat - tanku - kat > - - - - -
- -
- -

Prosperity! Fortune!

- -

Thirteenth year of Nṛpatuṅga.

- -

- -
- - - -
- -

Edited in , in .

-

Encoded and translated here by Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on the previous editions, none of which seems sufficiently reliable, notably for the transliteration of Grantha characters of the original and for the length of lacunas. The present digital edition is thus provisional and should be revised with proper visual documentation.

- - - - - - 183 - 4 - - - - - 154 - 5 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00522.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00522.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 408b37489..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00522.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,159 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Cāḷuvaṉ Kuppam, pillar, no king, no year - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00522 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for offering food during a festival. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kīrai-p-piriyaṉ koṇṭanṉ nannatya civarē kārtti - kai y-ūṭṭukkun tiru-viḻāvukkum-āka-t taṅkaḷ kurukkaḷ vai - ytta ponnṉṉ āṭu muṭtal-āka vaitta ponnṉṉ iru-kaḻañcu -

- -
- - - -
- -

Prosperity! Fortune!

- -

- There are two kaḻañcus of gold that - ... - gave - ... -

- -
- - - -
- -

Edited in .

-

Encoded and translated here by Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on ’s edition, which does not seem sufficiently reliable, notably for the transliteration of Grantha characters of the original and for the length of lacunas. The present digital edition is thus provisional and should be revised with proper visual documentation.

- - - - - - 154 - 3 - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00523.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00523.xml deleted file mode 100644 index d32e364f9..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00523.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,171 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Cāḷuvaṉ Kuppam, pillar, no king, no year - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00523 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of gold for the upkeep of a perpetual lamp. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- tirukkiṉ kiḻavar nam - pirāṭṭiyār nantā-viḷakku - kkukku-k kuṭutta poṉ - AñAiṅ-kaḻañcccuṅ -

-

- kaḻa - ñciṉāl Aṟu nāḻi-p pa - licai-y-āka Ā - ṭṭāṇṭu tōṟum mu - -p-patiṉāḻi - kuṭuppip - pōm āṉōm - capaiyōm -

- -
- - - -
- -

- There are five kaḻañcus of gold that - ... - gave for a perpetual lamp.

- -

- We, the members of the assembly, have become those who will have - ... - given - ... -

- -
- - - -
- -

Edited in .

-

Encoded and translated here by Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on ’s edition, which does not seem sufficiently reliable, notably for the transliteration of Grantha characters of the original and for the length of lacunas. The present digital edition is thus provisional and should be revised with proper visual documentation.

- - - - - - - 154 - 7 - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00524.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00524.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 7e186d042..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00524.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,171 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Cāḷuvaṉ Kuppam, pillar, no king, year lost - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00524 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Donation of land for offering food during a festival. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- yāṇ - ṭ’ ēḻ-āvatu -

-

- peruñ-caṭṭi Āṟṟulaka nārāyaṇa - -śarmaṉ talai-p-pali - -viḻāvukku kuṭutta tō - ṭṭan kiḻāṉ ceṟuvum catan - maṇ kollaiyil kālam u - tuvārkkum paṭṭiyum - kuṭuttar-k -

-

- kāṇiyar ko - ṟṟa-śarma-cataṅkaviya - ṟum viṟṟu-k koṇṭa paḷ - la-c ceṟuvum It-tiru-vi - ḻavukkē kuṭuttar -

- -
- - - -
- -

Prosperity! Fortune!

- -

Seventh year.

- -
- - - -
- -

Edited in , in .

-

Encoded and translated here by Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on the previous editions, with notable variant readings, whereas none seems sufficiently reliable, notably for the transliteration of Grantha characters of the original and for the length of lacunas. The present digital edition (based on conjectural reading of ) is thus provisional and should be revised with proper visual documentation.

- - - - - - 184 - 5 - - - - - 155-156 - 8 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00525.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00525.xml deleted file mode 100644 index d6d779204..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00525.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,197 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Tiruveḷḷaṟai well (2/2) - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00525 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Gnomic verse. - - - -

The puḷḷi is consistently used, although not for most of duplicated consonants and sometimes unduly.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - - -
- - - śrī - - - - kaṇ·ṭār kāṇā-v ulakattiṟ· kātal-a cey·tu nillātēy - paṇ·ṭēy paramaṉ paṭait·ta nāḷ pārttu niṉ·ṟu naiyyātēy· - - taṇ·ṭ’ ār· mūp·pu van·t’ uṉ·ṉai-t· taḷara-c· cey·tu nillā muṉ·ṉ - uṇ·ṭ’ ēll uṇ·ṭu mik·katu Ulakam·m aṟiya vaim·miṉ·ēy - - -
- -
- - - - - kātal-a - kātal - There is not puḷḷi on the final l. One could concur with and emend kātala to kātal, or, alternatively, analyse, without emending the original text, this word as kātal-a, an adjectival form of kātal, “things related to love.” - - - - -
- -
-

Prosperity!

-

Without being passionately attached to this world where men seen today are not seen tomorrow; without giving yourself up to despair looking for the final day appointed by the Creator; and before your limbs become weak at the appearance of old age with its appendage of a stick; if you have wealth maintain yourself and devote what remains to charity so that all the world may know it.

- -
- -
- -

- Fortune ! -

-

- Dans ce monde que ne voient plus ceux qui ont vu, sans t’affairer à l’amour Littéralement « sans t’arrêter à faire les choses de l’amour »., - Sans dépérir à penserLittéralement « à regarder ». sans cesse au jour qu’a jadis fixé le Seigneur suprême, - Avant de succomberLittéralement « ne plus pouvoir tenir debout ». à la venue du vieil âge qui ressemble à un bâtonAlternativement : « un châtiment ». et te fera décrépirLittéralement « le vieil âge étant venu … et t’ayant fait décrépir »., - Si tu as quelque chose en abondanceLittéralement « ce qui est abondant et existe, s’il en est »., afin que le monde sache, donne-le ! -

- -
- -
-

- See DHARMA_INSPallava00098. -

-

- In two instances, consonants are unduly duplicated at word sandhi (uṇṭ’ ēll, ulakamm). -

-

- The particle -ē is consistently appended with a y (nillātēy, paṇṭēy, naiyyātēy, vaimmiṉēy). 1577 notes: In these four instances the final y seems to have been inserted to represent the full sound produced in pronouncing the words. -

-
- -
- -

- Edited in (EI 11, no. 15); text and summary in (IP no. 98); re-edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2020), based on autopsy, photographs, and facsimile published in . -

- - - - - - - - - - 335-336 - 98 - - - - - - - - - - 33 - B/1905 - 541 - - - - - 16 - 40 - Summary only. - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00526.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00526.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 0cbd0a4e7..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00526.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,179 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Malaiyaṭippaṭṭi, time of Dantivarman, year 16 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00526 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Assignment of people to supply oil for a lamp. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - svasti śrī - - -

- kō-vicaiya - -tan·tīi-parumaṟ·ku yāṇ· - ṭu patīinṉ āṟ-āvatu -

- -

- vīiṭēl· - -viṭuku mut·taraiyaṉ-āyiṉa - kuvāvañ cāt·taṉ· tīiru-vāla - ttūr-p paṭārarkku-t tiru - viḷak·ku ney Aṭṭa vait - ta kuṭi - - māyāṉ kāṭaṉum - māyāṉ vīillīiyum k rīi - vaittuvaṉum ka arīi naṅkaḷ ma - kkaḷum nakkaṉ koṇai - m nakkaṉ ṉum ka -

- -
- - - -
- -

- Prosperity! Fortune! -

- -

- Sixteenth year of the victorious king DantivarmaṉTantiparumaṉ, in the original spelling.. -

- -

- The people kuṭi that Kuvāvaṉ Cāttaṉ alias Viṭēlviṭuku Muttaraiyaṉ assigned vaittaLiterally, “endowed”, “gave”. so as to supply oil for a glorious lamp for the god paṭārar of Tiruvalattūr are: - Māyāṉ Kāṭaṉ, - Māyāṉ villi, - , - , - our relatives, - Nakkaṉ Koṇai, - Nakkaṉ . -

- -
- -
- -
- -
-

The inscription appears to stop short.

-
- -
- -

- Reported in (ARIE/1969-1970/B/1969-70/320). -

-

- Edited here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on photos (Valérie Gillet, 2009; Emmanuel Francis, 2015). -

- - - - - - 54 - B/1969-1970 - 320 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00527.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00527.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 5634b4125..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00527.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,172 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Eṭuttaṉūr label on hero-stone, time of Mahendravarman, year 34 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00527 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Records the fight of a dog during a cattle-raid. - - - -

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kōviva - ṉṉṉ eṉṉu - n nāy I - ru kaḷḷa - ṉai-k kaṭit - tu-k kātt’ iru - nta-v āṟu -

- -
- -
- - - - kōviva - ṉṉṉ - reads the name as Koravan. - - - - -
- -
- -

This is the way that the dog named Kōvivaṉ has bitten two thieves and kept guard against them.

- -
- -
- -
- -
-

See DHARMA_INSPallava00284 for the hero-stone inscription on the same slab, after which the date of this label is conjectured.

-
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/59); text and summary in (IP no. 284.2); encoded here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2021), based on previous editions and the facsimile in . -

- - - - - - 1971/59 - - - - - 674-675 - 284 - - - - - - - - - 59 - 40 - - - - - 23 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00528.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00528.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 1fc66ddbe..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00528.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,175 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Ciṉṉayyāṉpēṭṭai hero-stone, time of Kampavarman (?), year 6 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00528 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Hero-stone commemorating the death of hero. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- kō-vicaiya-kampōtaArki yā - ṇṭu Āṟ-āvatu - -

- -

- mīyīkoṉṟai-nāṭṭu-p - puḷiyūr iruntu vāḻuñ cākāṭa - -c-ciṟṟaṉ puḷiyūr Erumai koṇṭa - ñāṉṟu pūcal ōṭi mē - maṇikkala -

- -

- -

- - -
- - - -
- -

- Sixth year of KampavarmankampōtaArki in the original text, that is, Kampavarman according to .

-

- Cākāṭacciṟṟaṉ, who lives vāḻumOr rather, “who you used to live”, if Cākāṭacciṟṟaṉ is indeed the commemorated dead hero. in iruntuLiterally, “being”. Puḷiyūr in Mīkoṉṟaināṭu, having run battle at the time enemiesCākāṭacciṟṟaṉ could also grammaticaly be the subject of koṇṭa, but it does make much sense that he seized buffaloes from his village of residence. Alternatively, on could consider that Cākāṭacciṟṟaṉ is the one who attacked Puḷiyūr and that a hero, whose name is lost in the lacuna, living in Puḷiyūr, died on this occasion. In that cas vāḻum would not qualify Cākāṭacciṟṟaṉ. seized buffaloes of/in Puḷiyūr mē maṇikkala died. -

- -

- -

-
- - - -
- -
- -
- -

- Edited in (CN 1971/58); not included in ; encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous edition(s). -

- - - - - - 1971/58 - - - - - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00529.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00529.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 6cf620524..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00529.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,212 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Pāppampāṭi, hero-stone no. 1 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00529 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Hero-stone commemorating the death of Viṇṇappērēṉati. - - - -

Epenthetic u with final r.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- vāṇaparuma - -Ay-araicaru cē - vakaṉ Uḻa - muṇukaṇ maka - ṉ vicaiya-ma - ṅkalam āṇ - ṭa viṇṇa-p-pē - r-ēṉāti kal -

- - -
- -
- - - - - vāṇaparuma° - vāṇavaruma° - vāṇaparuma° - - - - Uḻa - muṇukaṇ - Uḻa - muṇukaṇ - Uḻa - muṇukaṇ - - - - vicaiyama - ṅkalam - vicayama - ṅkalamm - vicaiyama - ṅkalam - - - - āṇ - ṭa - āṇ- - ṭa - āṇ- - ṭua - - - - viṇṇappē - rēṉāti - viṇṇappē - rēṉāti - viṇṇapē - rēṉāti - - - - -
- -
- -

- This is the stone of Viṇṇappērēṉati who ruled Vicaiyamaṅkalam, son of Uḷamuṇukaṉ, servant of Vāṇaparumayaraicar. -

- -
- -
-

On the same slab, two heroes (Viṇṇapērēṉāti and Koṟṟantai Kōṭaṉ, servant of Viṇṇapērēṉāti), each with his own representation and with his own inscription. See DHARMA_INSPallava00530.

-
- -
- -

-Edited in , with photo of the estampage; re-edited in (EI 39, no. 33A.I), with photo of the estampage; text in ; encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous edition(s) and published visual documentation. -

- - - - - - 213-214 - - - - - 213-214 - - - - - 3 - I - 1238 - 5.I - - - - - - - - - 42 - B - 243 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00530.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00530.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 1e7310d6d..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00530.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,172 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Pāppampāṭi, hero-stone no. 2 - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00530 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - Hero-stone commemorating the death of Koṟṟantai Kōṭaṉ. - - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- -

- viṇṇa-p-pēr-ē - ṉāti cēvakaṉ - koṟṟantai kōṭa - ṉ kal -

- - -
- - - -
- -

- This is the stone of Koṟṟantai Kōṭaṉ, the servant of Viṇṇappērēṉati. -

- -
- -
-

On the same slab, two heroes (Viṇṇapērēṉāti and Koṟṟantai Kōṭaṉ, servant of Viṇṇapērēṉāti), each with his own representation and with his own inscription. See DHARMA_INSPallava00529.

- -
- -
- -

-Edited in , with photo of the estampage; re-edited in (EI 39, no. 33A.II); text in ; encoded and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on previous edition(s) and published visual documentation. -

- - - - - - 213-214 - - - - - 213 - - - - - 3 - I - 1238 - 5.I - - - - - - - - - 42 - B - 243 - - - - -
- - - - diff --git a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00536.xml b/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00536.xml deleted file mode 100644 index be62a5444..000000000 --- a/texts/editedxml/EDITED_DHARMA_INSPallava00536.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,178 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - Taccūr, foundation inscription by the Bāṇa queen Satī - - EpiDoc encoding - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - intellectual authorship of edition - - Emmanuel - Francis - - - - - DHARMA - Paris, CEIAS - DHARMA_INSPallava00536 - - -

This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported - Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to - Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, - California, 94041, USA.

-

Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis.

- - - 2019-2025 - - - - - DHARMAbase - - - - ... - - - -

The upadhmānīya is used.

- - - - - - - -

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) - under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant - agreement no 809994).

- - - - -

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named - ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

- - -

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the - DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml file.

- - - - - Creation of the file - - - - - -
- - - śrī - - - - viṣṇor bāṇa-kulādhipasya tanayā bharttuḫ purodhaḥ-pater - bhū-nāthasya pati-vratā himavataḥ kanyeva dhanyā satī - pūjyā yā bhuvane guṇādhikatayā devyā tayā nirmmite - sānnidhyena dayāvakeśvara-gr̥he śaṃbhuś ciran tiṣṭhatu - - - -
- - - -
- -

Fortune!

- -

- May Śambhu Śiva long remain present in the temple of Dayāvakeśvara built by the queen SatīLiterally, “built nirmite by her tayā who is yā"., - who is the daughter of Viṣṇu―the king of the Bāṇa lineage―, who is the virtuous wife pativratā, - like the daughter of Himavant Pārvatī, of her husband Purodhaḥpati, conferring him happiness dhanyā, - and who is honoured in the world for the profusion of her qualities guṇādhikatayā! -

- -
- -
- -

Fortune !

- -

- Puisse Śambhu Śiva demeurer présent pour longtemps dans le temple de Dayāvakeśvara - qu’a fait construire la reine Satī, la fille du roi Viṣṇu de la famille des Bāṇa, épouse fidèle, - telle la fille d’Himavant Pārvatī, de son mari le roi Purodhaḥpati Le maître des (ou : de son) purohita., à qui elle porte bonheur, - elle que le monde vénère pour l’abondance de ses vertus ! -

- -
- - - -
- - -

Edited in , in .

-

Encoded here by Emmanuel Francis (2024).

- - - - - - 444 - - - - - 2 - - - - - - - - - -
- - - -