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From Java To Kotlin

Mindorks Mindorks Community

打印日志

  • Java
System.out.print("Amit Shekhar");
System.out.println("Amit Shekhar");
  • Kotlin
print("Amit Shekhar")
println("Amit Shekhar")

常量与变量

  • Java
String name = "Amit Shekhar";
final String name = "Amit Shekhar";
  • Kotlin
var name = "Amit Shekhar"
val name = "Amit Shekhar"

null声明

  • Java
String otherName;
otherName = null;
  • Kotlin
var otherName : String?
otherName = null

空判断

  • Java
if (text != null) {
    int length = text.length();
}
  • Kotlin
text?.let {
    val length = text.length
}
// or simply
val length = text?.length

字符串拼接

  • Java
String firstName = "Amit";
String lastName = "Shekhar";
String message = "My name is: " + firstName + " " + lastName;
  • Kotlin
val firstName = "Amit"
val lastName = "Shekhar"
val message = "My name is: $firstName $lastName"

换行

  • Java
String text = "First Line\n" +
              "Second Line\n" +
              "Third Line";
  • Kotlin
val text = """
        |First Line
        |Second Line
        |Third Line
        """.trimMargin()

三元表达式

  • Java
String text = x > 5 ? "x > 5" : "x <= 5";
  • Kotlin
val text = if (x > 5)
              "x > 5"
           else "x <= 5"

操作符

  • java
final int andResult  = a & b;
final int orResult   = a | b;
final int xorResult  = a ^ b;
final int rightShift = a >> 2;
final int leftShift  = a << 2;
final int unsignedRightShift = a >>> 2;
  • Kotlin
val andResult  = a and b
val orResult   = a or b
val xorResult  = a xor b
val rightShift = a shr 2
val leftShift  = a shl 2
val unsignedRightShift = a ushr 2

类型判断和转换 (声明式)

  • Java
if (object instanceof Car) {
}
Car car = (Car) object;
  • Kotlin
if (object is Car) {
}
var car = object as Car

类型判断和转换 (隐式)

  • Java
if (object instanceof Car) {
   Car car = (Car) object;
}
  • Kotlin
if (object is Car) {
   var car = object // 聪明的转换
}

多重条件

  • Java
if (score >= 0 && score <= 300) { }
  • Kotlin
if (score in 0..300) { }

更灵活的case语句

  • Java
int score = // some score;
String grade;
switch (score) {
    case 10:
    case 9:
        grade = "Excellent";
        break;
    case 8:
    case 7:
    case 6:
        grade = "Good";
        break;
    case 5:
    case 4:
        grade = "OK";
        break;
    case 3:
    case 2:
    case 1:
        grade = "Fail";
        break;
    default:
        grade = "Fail";
}
  • Kotlin
var score = // some score
var grade = when (score) {
    9, 10 -> "Excellent"
    in 6..8 -> "Good"
    4, 5 -> "OK"
    in 1..3 -> "Fail"
    else -> "Fail"
}

for循环

  • Java
for (int i = 1; i <= 10 ; i++) { }

for (int i = 1; i < 10 ; i++) { }

for (int i = 10; i >= 0 ; i--) { }

for (int i = 1; i <= 10 ; i+=2) { }

for (int i = 10; i >= 0 ; i-=2) { }

for (String item : collection) { }

for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry: map.entrySet()) { }
  • Kotlin
for (i in 1..10) { }

for (i in 1 until 10) { }

for (i in 10 downTo 0) { }

for (i in 1..10 step 2) { }

for (i in 10 downTo 0 step 2) { }

for (item in collection) { }

for ((key, value) in map) { }

更方便的集合操作

  • Java
final List<Integer> listOfNumber = Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3, 4);

final Map<Integer, String> keyValue = new HashMap<Integer, String>();
map.put(1, "Amit");
map.put(2, "Ali");
map.put(3, "Mindorks");

// Java 9
final List<Integer> listOfNumber = List.of(1, 2, 3, 4);

final Map<Integer, String> keyValue = Map.of(1, "Amit",
                                             2, "Ali",
                                             3, "Mindorks");
  • Kotlin
val listOfNumber = listOf(1, 2, 3, 4)
val keyValue = mapOf(1 to "Amit",
                     2 to "Ali",
                     3 to "Mindorks")

遍历

  • Java
// Java 7 and below
for (Car car : cars) {
  System.out.println(car.speed);
}

// Java 8+
cars.forEach(car -> System.out.println(car.speed));

// Java 7 and below
for (Car car : cars) {
  if (car.speed > 100) {
    System.out.println(car.speed);
  }
}

// Java 8+
cars.stream().filter(car -> car.speed > 100).forEach(car -> System.out.println(car.speed));
  • Kotlin
cars.forEach {
    println(it.speed)
}

cars.filter { it.speed > 100 }
      .forEach { println(it.speed)}

方法定义

  • Java
void doSomething() {
   // logic here
}

void doSomething(int... numbers) {
   // logic here
}
  • Kotlin
fun doSomething() {
   // logic here
}

fun doSomething(vararg numbers: Int) {
   // logic here
}

带返回值的方法

  • Java
int getScore() {
   // logic here
   return score;
}
  • Kotlin
fun getScore(): Int {
   // logic here
   return score
}

// as a single-expression function

fun getScore(): Int = score

无结束符号

  • Java
int getScore(int value) {
    // logic here
    return 2 * value;
}
  • Kotlin
fun getScore(value: Int): Int {
   // logic here
   return 2 * value
}

// as a single-expression function

fun getScore(value: Int): Int = 2 * value

constructor 构造器

  • Java
public class Utils {

    private Utils() { 
      // This utility class is not publicly instantiable 
    }
    
    public static int getScore(int value) {
        return 2 * value;
    }
    
}
  • Kotlin
class Utils private constructor() {

    companion object {
    
        fun getScore(value: Int): Int {
            return 2 * value
        }
        
    }
}

// another way

object Utils {

    fun getScore(value: Int): Int {
        return 2 * value
    }

}

Get Set 构造器

  • Java
public class Developer {

    private String name;
    private int age;

    public Developer(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (this == o) return true;
        if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;

        Developer developer = (Developer) o;

        if (age != developer.age) return false;
        return name != null ? name.equals(developer.name) : developer.name == null;

    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        int result = name != null ? name.hashCode() : 0;
        result = 31 * result + age;
        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Developer{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}
  • Kotlin
data class Developer(val name: String, val age: Int)

原型扩展

  • Java
public class Utils {

    private Utils() { 
      // This utility class is not publicly instantiable 
    }
    
    public static int triple(int value) {
        return 3 * value;
    }
    
}

int result = Utils.triple(3);
  • Kotlin
fun Int.triple(): Int {
  return this * 3
}

var result = 3.triple()
  • Java
public enum Direction {
        NORTH(1),
        SOUTH(2),
        WEST(3),
        EAST(4);

        int direction;

        Direction(int direction) {
            this.direction = direction;
        }

        public int getDirection() {
            return direction;
        }
    }
  • Kotlin
enum class Direction constructor(direction: Int) {
    NORTH(1),
    SOUTH(2),
    WEST(3),
    EAST(4);

    var direction: Int = 0
        private set

    init {
        this.direction = direction
    }
}

你需要知道一些比较重要的事

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License

   Copyright (C) 2017 MINDORKS NEXTGEN PRIVATE LIMITED

   Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
   you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
   You may obtain a copy of the License at

       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
   limitations under the License.