diff --git a/CHANGELOG.rst b/CHANGELOG.rst
index b2ab31db..e8adf3d6 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.rst
+++ b/CHANGELOG.rst
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ Breaking changes
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 * The `xhydro` testing utilities have been rewritten to use `pooch` for downloading and caching testing datasets from `hydrologie/xhydro-testdata`. (:pull:`212`).
 * The `xhydro` testing utilities now require `pytest-xdist` as a development dependency. (:pull:`212`).
+* Many core dependencies have been updated to more modern versions. (:pull:`218`).
 
 Internal changes
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
diff --git a/environment-dev.yml b/environment-dev.yml
index aac4203c..b5779d4d 100644
--- a/environment-dev.yml
+++ b/environment-dev.yml
@@ -5,30 +5,30 @@ dependencies:
   - python >=3.10,<3.13
   # Don't forget to sync changes between environment.yml, environment-dev.yml, and pyproject.toml!
   # Main packages
-  - cartopy
-  - geopandas
-  - haversine
+  - cartopy >=0.23.0
+  - geopandas >=1.0
+  - haversine >=2.8.0
   - importlib-metadata <8.0  # Required for xesmf >=8.4.0,<8.6 to work on Windows
   - leafmap
-  - numpy <2.0.0
+  - numpy >=1.23,<2.0.0
   - pandas >=2.2.0
   - planetary-computer
   - pystac
   - pystac-client
   - pooch >=1.8.0
   - pydantic >=2.0,<2.5.3  # FIXME: Remove pin once our dependencies (xclim, xscen) support pydantic 2.5.3
-  - pyyaml
+  - pyyaml >=6.0.2
   - rasterio <=1.3.11  # temporary pin until https://github.com/xarray-contrib/xvec/issues/85 is addressed.
   - ravenpy >=0.15.0
-  - rioxarray
+  - rioxarray >=0.15.0
   - s3fs <=2024.6.1
-  - spotpy
+  - spotpy >=1.6.2
   - stackstac >=0.5.1
-  - statsmodels
+  - statsmodels >=0.14.0
   - tqdm
   - xarray >=2023.11.0
-  - xarray-spatial
-  - xclim >=0.48.2
+  - xarray-spatial >=0.3.7
+  - xclim >=0.48.2,<0.53
   - xdatasets >=0.3.6
   - xscen >=0.8.3
   - xvec
@@ -42,10 +42,10 @@ dependencies:
   - flake8-rst-docstrings >=0.3.0
   - furo
   - ipykernel
-  - ipython
+  - ipython >=8.5.0
   - isort ==5.13.2
   - jupyter_client
-  - lmoments3
+  - lmoments3 >=1.0.7
   - nbsphinx
   - nbval >=0.11.0
   - numpydoc >=1.8.0
diff --git a/environment.yml b/environment.yml
index c9f52ade..a8a933b9 100644
--- a/environment.yml
+++ b/environment.yml
@@ -6,29 +6,29 @@ dependencies:
   - pip >=24.2.0
   # Don't forget to sync changes between environment.yml, environment-dev.yml, and pyproject.toml!
   # Main packages
-  - cartopy
-  - geopandas
-  - haversine
+  - cartopy >=0.23.0
+  - geopandas >=1.0
+  - haversine >=2.8.0
   - importlib-metadata <8.0  # Required for xesmf >=8.4.0,<8.6 to work on Windows
   - leafmap
-  - numpy <2.0.0
+  - numpy >=1.23,<2.0.0
   - pandas >=2.2.0
   - planetary-computer
   - pooch >=1.8.0
   - pydantic >=2.0,<2.5.3  # FIXME: Remove pin once our dependencies (xclim, xscen) support pydantic 2.5.3
   - pystac
   - pystac-client
-  - pyyaml
+  - pyyaml >=6.0.2
   - rasterio <=1.3.11  # temporary pin until https://github.com/xarray-contrib/xvec/issues/85 is addressed.
   - ravenpy >=0.15.0
-  - rioxarray
-  - spotpy
+  - rioxarray >=0.15.0
+  - spotpy >=1.6.2
   - stackstac >=0.5.1
-  - statsmodels
+  - statsmodels >=0.14.0
   - tqdm
   - xarray >=2023.11.0
-  - xarray-spatial
-  - xclim >=0.48.2
+  - xarray-spatial >=0.3.7
+  - xclim >=0.48.2,<0.53
   - xdatasets >=0.3.5
   - xscen >=0.8.3
   - xvec
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index f42dd20c..92015e27 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -36,29 +36,29 @@ classifiers = [
 dynamic = ["description", "version"]
 dependencies = [
   # Don't forget to sync changes between environment.yml, environment-dev.yml, and pyproject.toml!
-  "cartopy",
-  "geopandas",
-  "haversine",
+  "cartopy >=0.23.0",
+  "geopandas >=1.0",
+  "haversine >=2.8.0",
   "importlib-metadata <8.0", # Required for xesmf >=8.4.0,<8.6 to work on Windows
   "leafmap",
-  "numpy <2.0.0",
+  "numpy >=1.23,<2.0.0",
   "pandas >=2.2.0",
   "planetary-computer",
   "pooch >=1.8.0",
   "pydantic >=2.0,<2.5.3",
   "pystac",
   "pystac-client",
-  "pyyaml",
+  "pyyaml >=6.0.2",
   "rasterio <=1.3.11", # temporary pin until https://github.com/xarray-contrib/xvec/issues/85 is addressed.
   "ravenpy >=0.15.0",
-  "rioxarray",
-  "spotpy",
+  "rioxarray >=0.15.0",
+  "spotpy >=1.6.2",
   "stackstac >=0.5.1",
-  "statsmodels",
+  "statsmodels >=0.14.0",
   "tqdm",
   "xarray >=2023.11.0",
-  "xarray-spatial",
-  "xclim >=0.48.2",
+  "xarray-spatial >=0.3.7",
+  "xclim >=0.48.2,<0.53",
   "xdatasets >=0.3.6",
   "xscen >=0.8.3",
   "xvec"
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ docs = [
   "furo",
   "hvplot",
   "ipykernel",
-  "ipython",
+  "ipython >=8.5.0",
   "jupyter_client",
   "nbsphinx",
   "nbval",
diff --git a/src/xhydro/gis.py b/src/xhydro/gis.py
index 208a035e..0191f84e 100644
--- a/src/xhydro/gis.py
+++ b/src/xhydro/gis.py
@@ -16,14 +16,13 @@
 import planetary_computer
 import pystac_client
 import rasterio
-import rasterio.features
 import rioxarray  # noqa: F401
 import stackstac
 import xarray as xr
 import xvec  # noqa: F401
 from matplotlib.colors import ListedColormap
 from pystac.extensions.item_assets import ItemAssetsExtension
-from pystac.extensions.projection import ProjectionExtension as proj  # noqa: N813
+from pystac.extensions.projection import ProjectionExtension
 from shapely import Point
 from tqdm.auto import tqdm
 from xrspatial import aspect, slope
@@ -39,6 +38,7 @@
 
 # FIXME: `map` is a reserved keyword in Python, so it should not be used as a variable name.
 def watershed_delineation(
+    *,
     coordinates: list[tuple] | tuple | None = None,
     map: leafmap.Map | None = None,
 ) -> gpd.GeoDataFrame:
@@ -591,7 +591,7 @@ def land_use_plot(
 
     merged, item = _merge_stac_dataset(catalog, bbox_of_interest, year)
 
-    epsg = proj.ext(item).epsg
+    epsg = ProjectionExtension.ext(item).epsg
 
     class_count = len(class_names)