diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
index f330453c..75c7bff5 100644
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ savant_core = { path = "savant_core" }
 savant_core_py = { path = "savant_core_py" }
 
 [workspace.package]
-version = "0.2.24"
+version = "0.2.25"
 edition = "2021"
 authors = ["Ivan Kudriavtsev <ivan.a.kudryavtsev@gmail.com>"]
 description = "Savant Rust core functions library"
diff --git a/savant_algebra/Cargo.toml b/savant_algebra/Cargo.toml
index d5652909..31cd7148 100644
--- a/savant_algebra/Cargo.toml
+++ b/savant_algebra/Cargo.toml
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ savant_rs = { path = "../savant_python" }
 parking_lot = "0.12"
 anyhow = "1"
 opentelemetry = "0.19"
-numpy = {version = "0.19", features = ["nalgebra"]}
+numpy = { version = "0.19", features = ["nalgebra"] }
 nalgebra = "0.32"
 ndarray = "0.15"
 num-traits = "0.2"
@@ -29,11 +29,11 @@ log = "0.4"
 crate-type = ["cdylib", "lib"]
 
 [dependencies.pyo3]
-version = "0.19"
+version = "0.12"
 
 [features]
 extension-module = ["pyo3/extension-module"]
 default = ["extension-module"]
 
 [build-dependencies]
-pyo3-build-config = "0.19"
+pyo3-build-config = "0.21"
diff --git a/savant_core_py/Cargo.toml b/savant_core_py/Cargo.toml
index 3af19892..558ff10e 100644
--- a/savant_core_py/Cargo.toml
+++ b/savant_core_py/Cargo.toml
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ version.workspace = true
 edition.workspace = true
 authors.workspace = true
 description.workspace = true
-homepage.workspace =  true
+homepage.workspace = true
 repository.workspace = true
 readme.workspace = true
 keywords.workspace = true
@@ -16,14 +16,14 @@ rust-version.workspace = true
 crate-type = ["dylib"]
 
 [dependencies]
-savant_core = {workspace = true}
+savant_core = { workspace = true }
 serde_json = "1.0"
 serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
 anyhow = "1.0"
 thiserror = "1.0"
 geo = "0.26"
 lazy_static = "1.4"
-parking_lot = {version = "0.12", features = ["deadlock_detection"]}
+parking_lot = { version = "0.12", features = ["deadlock_detection"] }
 evalexpr = { version = "11", features = ["rand", "regex_support"] }
 log = "0.4"
 opentelemetry = "0.21"
@@ -31,14 +31,14 @@ colored = "2"
 hashbrown = "0.14"
 
 [dependencies.pyo3]
-version = "0.20"
+version = "0.21"
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 serial_test = "2.0"
 
 
 [build-dependencies]
-pyo3-build-config = "0.20"
+pyo3-build-config = "0.21"
 cbindgen = "0.24"
 
 [package.metadata.maturin]
diff --git a/savant_core_py/src/logging.rs b/savant_core_py/src/logging.rs
index e5c72013..b46ef2e2 100644
--- a/savant_core_py/src/logging.rs
+++ b/savant_core_py/src/logging.rs
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ pub fn log_message_gil(
     level: LogLevel,
     target: &str,
     message: &str,
-    params: Option<&PyDict>,
+    params: Option<&Bound<'_, PyDict>>,
     no_gil: bool,
 ) {
     let params: Option<_> = params.map(|params| {
diff --git a/savant_core_py/src/match_query.rs b/savant_core_py/src/match_query.rs
index 418a8c70..7e8482fe 100644
--- a/savant_core_py/src/match_query.rs
+++ b/savant_core_py/src/match_query.rs
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ impl FloatExpression {
     ///
     #[staticmethod]
     #[pyo3(signature = (*list))]
-    fn one_of(list: &PyTuple) -> FloatExpression {
+    fn one_of(list: &Bound<'_, PyTuple>) -> FloatExpression {
         let mut vals = Vec::with_capacity(list.len());
         for arg in list {
             let v = arg
@@ -494,7 +494,7 @@ impl IntExpression {
     ///
     #[staticmethod]
     #[pyo3(signature = (*list))]
-    fn one_of(list: &PyTuple) -> IntExpression {
+    fn one_of(list: &Bound<'_, PyTuple>) -> IntExpression {
         let mut vals = Vec::with_capacity(list.len());
         for arg in list {
             let v = arg
@@ -711,7 +711,7 @@ impl StringExpression {
     ///
     #[staticmethod]
     #[pyo3(signature = (*list))]
-    fn one_of(list: &PyTuple) -> StringExpression {
+    fn one_of(list: &Bound<'_, PyTuple>) -> StringExpression {
         let mut vals = Vec::with_capacity(list.len());
         for arg in list {
             let v = arg
@@ -772,7 +772,7 @@ impl MatchQuery {
     ///
     #[staticmethod]
     #[pyo3(signature = (*list))]
-    fn and_(list: &PyTuple) -> MatchQuery {
+    fn and_(list: &Bound<'_, PyTuple>) -> MatchQuery {
         let mut v = Vec::with_capacity(list.len());
         for arg in list {
             let q = arg
@@ -813,7 +813,7 @@ impl MatchQuery {
     ///
     #[staticmethod]
     #[pyo3(signature = (*list))]
-    fn or_(list: &PyTuple) -> MatchQuery {
+    fn or_(list: &Bound<'_, PyTuple>) -> MatchQuery {
         let mut v = Vec::with_capacity(list.len());
         for arg in list {
             let q = arg
diff --git a/savant_core_py/src/primitives/attribute_value.rs b/savant_core_py/src/primitives/attribute_value.rs
index fd47faa9..383d5342 100644
--- a/savant_core_py/src/primitives/attribute_value.rs
+++ b/savant_core_py/src/primitives/attribute_value.rs
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@ use crate::primitives::segment::Intersection;
 use crate::primitives::{Point, PolygonalArea, RBBox};
 use crate::with_gil;
 use pyo3::exceptions::{PyIndexError, PyValueError};
-use pyo3::types::PyBytes;
-use pyo3::{pyclass, pymethods, Py, PyAny, PyObject, PyResult};
+use pyo3::types::{PyBytes, PyBytesMethods};
+use pyo3::{pyclass, pymethods, Bound, Py, PyAny, PyObject, PyResult};
 use savant_core::primitives::any_object::AnyObject;
 use savant_core::primitives::attribute_value::AttributeValueVariant;
 use savant_core::primitives::rust;
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ impl AttributeValue {
     ///   
     #[staticmethod]
     #[pyo3(signature = (dims, blob, confidence = None))]
-    pub fn bytes(dims: Vec<i64>, blob: &PyBytes, confidence: Option<f32>) -> Self {
+    pub fn bytes(dims: Vec<i64>, blob: &Bound<'_, PyBytes>, confidence: Option<f32>) -> Self {
         Self(rust::AttributeValue {
             confidence,
             value: AttributeValueVariant::Bytes(dims, blob.as_bytes().to_vec()),
@@ -520,7 +520,7 @@ impl AttributeValue {
         match &self.0.value {
             AttributeValueVariant::Bytes(dims, bytes) => Some((
                 dims.clone(),
-                with_gil!(|py| PyObject::from(PyBytes::new(py, bytes))),
+                with_gil!(|py| PyObject::from(PyBytes::new_bound(py, bytes))),
             )),
             _ => None,
         }
diff --git a/savant_core_py/src/primitives/batch.rs b/savant_core_py/src/primitives/batch.rs
index 51e2be2d..1cec7cda 100644
--- a/savant_core_py/src/primitives/batch.rs
+++ b/savant_core_py/src/primitives/batch.rs
@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ use crate::primitives::object::BorrowedVideoObject;
 use crate::primitives::objects_view::VideoObjectsView;
 use crate::{release_gil, with_gil};
 use pyo3::exceptions::PyRuntimeError;
-use pyo3::types::PyBytes;
-use pyo3::{pyclass, pymethods, PyObject, PyResult};
+use pyo3::types::{PyBytes, PyBytesMethods};
+use pyo3::{pyclass, pymethods, Bound, PyObject, PyResult};
 use savant_core::primitives::rust;
 use savant_core::protobuf::{from_pb, ToProtobuf};
 use std::collections::HashMap;
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ impl VideoFrameBatch {
             })
         })?;
         with_gil!(|py| {
-            let bytes = PyBytes::new(py, &bytes);
+            let bytes = PyBytes::new_bound(py, &bytes);
             Ok(PyObject::from(bytes))
         })
     }
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ impl VideoFrameBatch {
     #[staticmethod]
     #[pyo3(name = "from_protobuf")]
     #[pyo3(signature = (bytes, no_gil = true))]
-    fn from_protobuf_gil(bytes: &PyBytes, no_gil: bool) -> PyResult<Self> {
+    fn from_protobuf_gil(bytes: &Bound<'_, PyBytes>, no_gil: bool) -> PyResult<Self> {
         let bytes = bytes.as_bytes();
         release_gil!(no_gil, || {
             let obj =
diff --git a/savant_core_py/src/primitives/frame.rs b/savant_core_py/src/primitives/frame.rs
index 9ca361c7..bba0e7b5 100644
--- a/savant_core_py/src/primitives/frame.rs
+++ b/savant_core_py/src/primitives/frame.rs
@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ use crate::primitives::objects_view::VideoObjectsView;
 use crate::release_gil;
 use crate::with_gil;
 use pyo3::exceptions::{PyRuntimeError, PyValueError};
-use pyo3::types::PyBytes;
-use pyo3::{pyclass, pymethods, Py, PyAny, PyObject, PyResult};
+use pyo3::types::{PyBytes, PyBytesMethods};
+use pyo3::{pyclass, pymethods, Bound, Py, PyAny, PyObject, PyResult};
 use savant_core::json_api::ToSerdeJsonValue;
 use savant_core::primitives::object::ObjectOperations;
 use savant_core::primitives::{rust, WithAttributes};
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ impl VideoFrameContent {
     }
 
     #[staticmethod]
-    pub fn internal(data: &PyBytes) -> Self {
+    pub fn internal(data: &Bound<'_, PyBytes>) -> Self {
         let bytes = data.as_bytes();
         Self(rust::VideoFrameContent::Internal(bytes.to_vec()))
     }
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ impl VideoFrameContent {
         match &self.0 {
             rust::VideoFrameContent::Internal(data) => {
                 with_gil!(|py| {
-                    let bytes = PyBytes::new_with(py, data.len(), |b: &mut [u8]| {
+                    let bytes = PyBytes::new_bound_with(py, data.len(), |b: &mut [u8]| {
                         b.copy_from_slice(data);
                         Ok(())
                     })?;
@@ -1107,7 +1107,7 @@ impl VideoFrame {
             })
         })?;
         with_gil!(|py| {
-            let bytes = PyBytes::new(py, &bytes);
+            let bytes = PyBytes::new_bound(py, &bytes);
             Ok(PyObject::from(bytes))
         })
     }
@@ -1115,7 +1115,7 @@ impl VideoFrame {
     #[staticmethod]
     #[pyo3(name = "from_protobuf")]
     #[pyo3(signature = (bytes, no_gil = true))]
-    fn from_protobuf_gil(bytes: &PyBytes, no_gil: bool) -> PyResult<Self> {
+    fn from_protobuf_gil(bytes: &Bound<'_, PyBytes>, no_gil: bool) -> PyResult<Self> {
         let bytes = bytes.as_bytes();
         release_gil!(no_gil, || {
             let obj = from_pb::<savant_core::protobuf::VideoFrame, rust::VideoFrameProxy>(bytes)
diff --git a/savant_core_py/src/primitives/frame_update.rs b/savant_core_py/src/primitives/frame_update.rs
index 9f2b8879..307ee17d 100644
--- a/savant_core_py/src/primitives/frame_update.rs
+++ b/savant_core_py/src/primitives/frame_update.rs
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ impl VideoFrameUpdate {
             })
         })?;
         with_gil!(|py| {
-            let bytes = PyBytes::new(py, &bytes);
+            let bytes = PyBytes::new_bound(py, &bytes);
             Ok(PyObject::from(bytes))
         })
     }
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ impl VideoFrameUpdate {
     #[staticmethod]
     #[pyo3(name = "from_protobuf")]
     #[pyo3(signature = (bytes, no_gil = true))]
-    fn from_protobuf_gil(bytes: &PyBytes, no_gil: bool) -> PyResult<Self> {
+    fn from_protobuf_gil(bytes: &Bound<'_, PyBytes>, no_gil: bool) -> PyResult<Self> {
         let bytes = bytes.as_bytes();
         release_gil!(no_gil, || {
             let obj =
diff --git a/savant_core_py/src/primitives/message/loader.rs b/savant_core_py/src/primitives/message/loader.rs
index c49d656a..198ba745 100644
--- a/savant_core_py/src/primitives/message/loader.rs
+++ b/savant_core_py/src/primitives/message/loader.rs
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 use crate::primitives::message::Message;
 use crate::release_gil;
 use crate::utils::byte_buffer::ByteBuffer;
-use pyo3::pyfunction;
-use pyo3::types::PyBytes;
+use pyo3::types::{PyBytes, PyBytesMethods};
+use pyo3::{pyfunction, Bound};
 
 /// Loads a message from a byte array. The function is optionally GIL-free.
 ///
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ pub fn load_message_from_bytebuffer_gil(buffer: &ByteBuffer, no_gil: bool) -> Me
 #[pyfunction]
 #[pyo3(name = "load_message_from_bytes")]
 #[pyo3(signature = (buffer, no_gil = true))]
-pub fn load_message_from_bytes_gil(buffer: &PyBytes, no_gil: bool) -> Message {
+pub fn load_message_from_bytes_gil(buffer: &Bound<'_, PyBytes>, no_gil: bool) -> Message {
     let bytes = buffer.as_bytes();
     release_gil!(no_gil, || Message(savant_core::message::load_message(
         bytes
diff --git a/savant_core_py/src/primitives/message/saver.rs b/savant_core_py/src/primitives/message/saver.rs
index bafeabd1..ad027abe 100644
--- a/savant_core_py/src/primitives/message/saver.rs
+++ b/savant_core_py/src/primitives/message/saver.rs
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ pub fn save_message_to_bytes_gil(message: &Message, no_gil: bool) -> PyResult<Py
     let bytes = release_gil!(no_gil, || savant_core::message::save_message(&message.0))
         .map_err(|e| pyo3::exceptions::PyException::new_err(format!("{:?}", e)))?;
     with_gil!(|py| {
-        let bytes = PyBytes::new_with(py, bytes.len(), |b: &mut [u8]| {
+        let bytes = PyBytes::new_bound_with(py, bytes.len(), |b: &mut [u8]| {
             b.copy_from_slice(&bytes);
             Ok(())
         })?;
diff --git a/savant_core_py/src/primitives/object.rs b/savant_core_py/src/primitives/object.rs
index 3af616dc..0e7ad454 100644
--- a/savant_core_py/src/primitives/object.rs
+++ b/savant_core_py/src/primitives/object.rs
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ use crate::primitives::bbox::VideoObjectBBoxTransformation;
 use crate::primitives::{Attribute, RBBox};
 use crate::{release_gil, with_gil};
 use pyo3::exceptions::PyRuntimeError;
-use pyo3::types::PyBytes;
-use pyo3::{pyclass, pymethods, PyObject, PyResult};
+use pyo3::types::{PyBytes, PyBytesMethods};
+use pyo3::{pyclass, pymethods, Bound, PyObject, PyResult};
 use savant_core::json_api::ToSerdeJsonValue;
 use savant_core::primitives::object::{ObjectAccess, ObjectOperations};
 use savant_core::primitives::{rust, WithAttributes};
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ impl VideoObject {
                 ))
             })?;
         with_gil!(|py| {
-            let bytes = PyBytes::new(py, &bytes);
+            let bytes = PyBytes::new_bound(py, &bytes);
             Ok(PyObject::from(bytes))
         })
     }
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ impl VideoObject {
     #[staticmethod]
     #[pyo3(name = "from_protobuf")]
     #[pyo3(signature = (bytes, no_gil = true))]
-    fn from_protobuf_gil(bytes: &PyBytes, no_gil: bool) -> PyResult<Self> {
+    fn from_protobuf_gil(bytes: &Bound<'_, PyBytes>, no_gil: bool) -> PyResult<Self> {
         let bytes = bytes.as_bytes();
         release_gil!(no_gil, || {
             let obj = from_pb::<savant_core::protobuf::VideoObject, rust::VideoObject>(bytes)
@@ -541,7 +541,7 @@ impl BorrowedVideoObject {
                 ))
             })?;
         with_gil!(|py| {
-            let bytes = PyBytes::new(py, &bytes);
+            let bytes = PyBytes::new_bound(py, &bytes);
             Ok(PyObject::from(bytes))
         })
     }
diff --git a/savant_core_py/src/primitives/user_data.rs b/savant_core_py/src/primitives/user_data.rs
index 50a8d83f..09e5d33e 100644
--- a/savant_core_py/src/primitives/user_data.rs
+++ b/savant_core_py/src/primitives/user_data.rs
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ use crate::primitives::attribute_value::AttributeValue;
 use crate::primitives::message::Message;
 use crate::{release_gil, with_gil};
 use pyo3::exceptions::PyRuntimeError;
-use pyo3::types::PyBytes;
-use pyo3::{pyclass, pymethods, Py, PyAny, PyObject, PyResult};
+use pyo3::types::{PyBytes, PyBytesMethods};
+use pyo3::{pyclass, pymethods, Bound, Py, PyAny, PyObject, PyResult};
 use savant_core::json_api::ToSerdeJsonValue;
 use savant_core::primitives::rust as rust_primitives;
 use savant_core::primitives::{rust, WithAttributes};
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ impl UserData {
             })
         })?;
         with_gil!(|py| {
-            let bytes = PyBytes::new(py, &bytes);
+            let bytes = PyBytes::new_bound(py, &bytes);
             Ok(PyObject::from(bytes))
         })
     }
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ impl UserData {
     #[staticmethod]
     #[pyo3(name = "from_protobuf")]
     #[pyo3(signature = (bytes, no_gil = true))]
-    fn from_protobuf_gil(bytes: &PyBytes, no_gil: bool) -> PyResult<Self> {
+    fn from_protobuf_gil(bytes: &Bound<'_, PyBytes>, no_gil: bool) -> PyResult<Self> {
         let bytes = bytes.as_bytes();
         release_gil!(no_gil, || {
             let obj =
diff --git a/savant_core_py/src/utils/byte_buffer.rs b/savant_core_py/src/utils/byte_buffer.rs
index dd11ec28..6f695b59 100644
--- a/savant_core_py/src/utils/byte_buffer.rs
+++ b/savant_core_py/src/utils/byte_buffer.rs
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ pub struct ByteBuffer {
 #[pymethods]
 impl ByteBuffer {
     #[new]
-    fn create(v: &PyBytes, checksum: Option<u32>) -> PyResult<Self> {
+    fn create(v: &Bound<'_, PyBytes>, checksum: Option<u32>) -> PyResult<Self> {
         Ok(Self::new(v.as_bytes().to_vec(), checksum))
     }
 
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ impl ByteBuffer {
     #[pyo3(name = "bytes")]
     pub fn bytes_py(&self) -> PyObject {
         with_gil!(|py| {
-            let bytes = PyBytes::new(py, self.inner.as_slice());
+            let bytes = PyBytes::new_bound(py, self.inner.as_slice());
             PyObject::from(bytes)
         })
     }
diff --git a/savant_core_py/src/utils/otlp.rs b/savant_core_py/src/utils/otlp.rs
index 5544ce63..6895df8d 100644
--- a/savant_core_py/src/utils/otlp.rs
+++ b/savant_core_py/src/utils/otlp.rs
@@ -174,9 +174,9 @@ impl TelemetrySpan {
 
     fn __exit__(
         &self,
-        exc_type: Option<&PyAny>,
-        exc_value: Option<&PyAny>,
-        traceback: Option<&PyAny>,
+        exc_type: Option<&Bound<'_, PyAny>>,
+        exc_value: Option<&Bound<'_, PyAny>>,
+        traceback: Option<&Bound<'_, PyAny>>,
     ) -> PyResult<()> {
         with_gil!(|py| {
             if let Some(e) = exc_type {
@@ -189,13 +189,13 @@ impl TelemetrySpan {
                 attrs.insert("python.exception.type".to_string(), format!("{:?}", e));
 
                 if let Some(v) = exc_value {
-                    if let Ok(e) = PyAny::downcast::<PyException>(v) {
+                    if let Ok(e) = PyAny::downcast::<PyException>(v.as_gil_ref()) {
                         attrs.insert("python.exception.value".to_string(), e.to_string());
                     }
                 }
 
                 if let Some(t) = traceback {
-                    let traceback = PyAny::downcast::<PyTraceback>(t).unwrap();
+                    let traceback = PyAny::downcast::<PyTraceback>(t.as_gil_ref()).unwrap();
                     if let Ok(formatted) = traceback.format() {
                         attrs.insert("python.exception.traceback".to_string(), formatted);
                     }
@@ -416,9 +416,9 @@ impl MaybeTelemetrySpan {
 
     fn __exit__(
         &self,
-        exc_type: Option<&PyAny>,
-        exc_value: Option<&PyAny>,
-        traceback: Option<&PyAny>,
+        exc_type: Option<&Bound<'_, PyAny>>,
+        exc_value: Option<&Bound<'_, PyAny>>,
+        traceback: Option<&Bound<'_, PyAny>>,
     ) -> PyResult<()> {
         if let Some(span) = &self.span {
             span.__exit__(exc_type, exc_value, traceback)?;
diff --git a/savant_core_py/src/zmq/blocking.rs b/savant_core_py/src/zmq/blocking.rs
index 69d77844..28ff84f4 100644
--- a/savant_core_py/src/zmq/blocking.rs
+++ b/savant_core_py/src/zmq/blocking.rs
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ use crate::release_gil;
 use crate::zmq::configs::{ReaderConfig, WriterConfig};
 use crate::zmq::results;
 use pyo3::exceptions::PyRuntimeError;
-use pyo3::types::PyBytes;
-use pyo3::{pyclass, pymethods, PyObject, PyResult};
+use pyo3::types::{PyBytes, PyBytesMethods};
+use pyo3::{pyclass, pymethods, Bound, PyObject, PyResult};
 use savant_core::transport::zeromq;
 
 /// Blocking Writer with GIL release on long-lasting `send_*` operations.
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ impl BlockingWriter {
         &mut self,
         topic: &str,
         message: &Message,
-        extra: &PyBytes,
+        extra: &Bound<'_, PyBytes>,
     ) -> PyResult<PyObject> {
         if self.0.is_none() {
             return Err(PyRuntimeError::new_err("Writer is not started."));
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ impl BlockingReader {
     /// source_id : bytes
     ///   Source ID to blacklist.
     ///
-    pub fn blacklist_source(&self, source_id: &PyBytes) {
+    pub fn blacklist_source(&self, source_id: &Bound<'_, PyBytes>) {
         if self.0.is_none() {
             return;
         }
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ impl BlockingReader {
     /// bool
     ///   `true` if the source is blacklisted.
     ///
-    pub fn is_blacklisted(&self, source_id: &PyBytes) -> bool {
+    pub fn is_blacklisted(&self, source_id: &Bound<'_, PyBytes>) -> bool {
         if self.0.is_none() {
             return false;
         }
diff --git a/savant_core_py/src/zmq/nonblocking.rs b/savant_core_py/src/zmq/nonblocking.rs
index dafa5a5c..82ee7902 100644
--- a/savant_core_py/src/zmq/nonblocking.rs
+++ b/savant_core_py/src/zmq/nonblocking.rs
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ use crate::release_gil;
 use crate::zmq::configs::{ReaderConfig, WriterConfig};
 use crate::zmq::results;
 use pyo3::exceptions::PyRuntimeError;
-use pyo3::types::PyBytes;
-use pyo3::{pyclass, pymethods, PyObject, PyResult};
+use pyo3::types::{PyBytes, PyBytesMethods};
+use pyo3::{pyclass, pymethods, Bound, PyObject, PyResult};
 use savant_core::transport::zeromq;
 
 /// A non-blocking reader. Does not release GIL when uses `receive` convenience method, which is blocking.
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ impl NonBlockingReader {
     /// source_id : bytes
     ///   Source ID to blacklist.
     ///
-    pub fn blacklist_source(&self, source_id: &PyBytes) {
+    pub fn blacklist_source(&self, source_id: &Bound<'_, PyBytes>) {
         let bytes = source_id.as_bytes();
         self.0.blacklist_source(bytes);
     }
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ impl NonBlockingReader {
     /// bool
     ///   `true` if the source is blacklisted.
     ///
-    pub fn is_blacklisted(&self, source_id: &PyBytes) -> bool {
+    pub fn is_blacklisted(&self, source_id: &Bound<'_, PyBytes>) -> bool {
         let bytes = source_id.as_bytes();
         self.0.is_blacklisted(bytes)
     }
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ impl NonBlockingWriter {
         &mut self,
         topic: &str,
         message: &Message,
-        extra: &PyBytes,
+        extra: &Bound<'_, PyBytes>,
     ) -> PyResult<WriteOperationResult> {
         let bytes = extra.as_bytes();
         Ok(WriteOperationResult(
diff --git a/savant_core_py/src/zmq/results.rs b/savant_core_py/src/zmq/results.rs
index 8797fd9a..7a8ec068 100644
--- a/savant_core_py/src/zmq/results.rs
+++ b/savant_core_py/src/zmq/results.rs
@@ -179,10 +179,11 @@ impl ReaderResultMessage {
     fn data(&self, index: usize) -> PyResult<Option<PyObject>> {
         if index < self.data.len() {
             with_gil!(|py| {
-                let pybytes = PyBytes::new_with(py, self.data[index].len(), |b: &mut [u8]| {
-                    b.copy_from_slice(&self.data[index]);
-                    Ok(())
-                })?;
+                let pybytes =
+                    PyBytes::new_bound_with(py, self.data[index].len(), |b: &mut [u8]| {
+                        b.copy_from_slice(&self.data[index]);
+                        Ok(())
+                    })?;
                 Ok(Some(pybytes.into()))
             })
         } else {
diff --git a/savant_plugins/savant_plugin_sample/Cargo.toml b/savant_plugins/savant_plugin_sample/Cargo.toml
index 6dcb68e6..5e7f4b17 100644
--- a/savant_plugins/savant_plugin_sample/Cargo.toml
+++ b/savant_plugins/savant_plugin_sample/Cargo.toml
@@ -23,10 +23,10 @@ savant_core = { workspace = true }
 anyhow = "1"
 
 [dependencies.pyo3]
-version = "0.20"
+version = "0.21"
 
 [build-dependencies]
-pyo3-build-config = "0.20"
+pyo3-build-config = "0.21"
 
 [package.metadata.maturin]
 python-source = "python"
diff --git a/savant_plugins/savant_plugin_sample/src/lib.rs b/savant_plugins/savant_plugin_sample/src/lib.rs
index a1b90a05..044b9dd6 100644
--- a/savant_plugins/savant_plugin_sample/src/lib.rs
+++ b/savant_plugins/savant_plugin_sample/src/lib.rs
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ pub fn access_object(o: &BorrowedVideoObject) {
 }
 
 #[pymodule]
-fn savant_plugin_sample(_: Python, m: &PyModule) -> PyResult<()> {
+fn savant_plugin_sample(_: Python, m: &Bound<'_, PyModule>) -> PyResult<()> {
     m.add_function(wrap_pyfunction!(access_frame, m)?)?;
     m.add_function(wrap_pyfunction!(access_object, m)?)?;
     m.add_function(wrap_pyfunction!(get_instance, m)?)?;
diff --git a/savant_python/Cargo.toml b/savant_python/Cargo.toml
index 7249a081..4c72eda4 100644
--- a/savant_python/Cargo.toml
+++ b/savant_python/Cargo.toml
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ version.workspace = true
 edition.workspace = true
 authors.workspace = true
 description.workspace = true
-homepage.workspace =  true
+homepage.workspace = true
 repository.workspace = true
 readme.workspace = true
 keywords.workspace = true
@@ -21,10 +21,10 @@ pretty_env_logger = "0.5"
 
 
 [dependencies.pyo3]
-version = "0.20"
+version = "0.21"
 
 [build-dependencies]
-pyo3-build-config = "0.20"
+pyo3-build-config = "0.21"
 
 [package.metadata.maturin]
 python-source = "python"
diff --git a/savant_python/src/lib.rs b/savant_python/src/lib.rs
index 7b82fb3d..2aea17fd 100644
--- a/savant_python/src/lib.rs
+++ b/savant_python/src/lib.rs
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ use savant_core_py::zmq::{blocking, nonblocking};
 use savant_core_py::*;
 
 #[pymodule]
-pub fn zmq(_py: Python, m: &PyModule) -> PyResult<()> {
+pub fn zmq(_py: Python, m: &Bound<'_, PyModule>) -> PyResult<()> {
     m.add_class::<WriterSocketType>()?; // PYI
     m.add_class::<WriterConfigBuilder>()?; // PYI
     m.add_class::<WriterConfig>()?; // PYI
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ pub fn zmq(_py: Python, m: &PyModule) -> PyResult<()> {
 }
 
 #[pymodule]
-pub fn symbol_mapper_module(_py: Python, m: &PyModule) -> PyResult<()> {
+pub fn symbol_mapper_module(_py: Python, m: &Bound<'_, PyModule>) -> PyResult<()> {
     m.add_function(wrap_pyfunction!(build_model_object_key_py, m)?)?;
     m.add_function(wrap_pyfunction!(clear_symbol_maps_py, m)?)?;
     m.add_function(wrap_pyfunction!(dump_registry_gil, m)?)?;
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ pub fn symbol_mapper_module(_py: Python, m: &PyModule) -> PyResult<()> {
 }
 
 #[pymodule]
-pub fn serialization_module(_py: Python, m: &PyModule) -> PyResult<()> {
+pub fn serialization_module(_py: Python, m: &Bound<'_, PyModule>) -> PyResult<()> {
     // ser deser
     m.add_function(wrap_pyfunction!(save_message_gil, m)?)?;
     m.add_function(wrap_pyfunction!(save_message_to_bytebuffer_gil, m)?)?;
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ pub fn serialization_module(_py: Python, m: &PyModule) -> PyResult<()> {
 }
 
 #[pymodule]
-pub fn utils(_py: Python, m: &PyModule) -> PyResult<()> {
+pub fn utils(_py: Python, m: &Bound<'_, PyModule>) -> PyResult<()> {
     m.add_function(wrap_pyfunction!(eval_expr, m)?)?; // PYI
     m.add_function(wrap_pyfunction!(gen_frame, m)?)?; // PYI
     m.add_function(wrap_pyfunction!(gen_empty_frame, m)?)?; // PYI
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ pub fn utils(_py: Python, m: &PyModule) -> PyResult<()> {
 }
 
 #[pymodule]
-pub fn geometry(_py: Python, m: &PyModule) -> PyResult<()> {
+pub fn geometry(_py: Python, m: &Bound<'_, PyModule>) -> PyResult<()> {
     m.add_class::<Point>()?;
     m.add_class::<Segment>()?;
     m.add_class::<IntersectionKind>()?;
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ pub fn geometry(_py: Python, m: &PyModule) -> PyResult<()> {
 }
 
 #[pymodule]
-pub fn primitives(_py: Python, m: &PyModule) -> PyResult<()> {
+pub fn primitives(_py: Python, m: &Bound<'_, PyModule>) -> PyResult<()> {
     m.add_class::<Attribute>()?; // PYI
     m.add_class::<AttributeUpdatePolicy>()?; // PYI
     m.add_class::<ObjectUpdatePolicy>()?; // PYI
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ pub fn primitives(_py: Python, m: &PyModule) -> PyResult<()> {
 }
 
 #[pymodule]
-pub(crate) fn pipeline(_py: Python, m: &PyModule) -> PyResult<()> {
+pub(crate) fn pipeline(_py: Python, m: &Bound<'_, PyModule>) -> PyResult<()> {
     m.add_class::<VideoPipelineStagePayloadType>()?;
     m.add_class::<PipelineConfiguration>()?;
     m.add_class::<Pipeline>()?;
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ pub(crate) fn pipeline(_py: Python, m: &PyModule) -> PyResult<()> {
 }
 
 #[pymodule]
-pub fn match_query(_py: Python, m: &PyModule) -> PyResult<()> {
+pub fn match_query(_py: Python, m: &Bound<'_, PyModule>) -> PyResult<()> {
     m.add_class::<FloatExpression>()?;
     m.add_class::<IntExpression>()?;
     m.add_class::<StringExpression>()?;
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ pub fn match_query(_py: Python, m: &PyModule) -> PyResult<()> {
 }
 
 #[pymodule]
-pub(crate) fn logging(_py: Python, m: &PyModule) -> PyResult<()> {
+pub(crate) fn logging(_py: Python, m: &Bound<'_, PyModule>) -> PyResult<()> {
     m.add_class::<LogLevel>()?;
     m.add_function(wrap_pyfunction!(set_log_level, m)?)?;
     m.add_function(wrap_pyfunction!(get_log_level, m)?)?;
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ pub(crate) fn logging(_py: Python, m: &PyModule) -> PyResult<()> {
 }
 
 #[pymodule]
-pub fn draw_spec(_py: Python, m: &PyModule) -> PyResult<()> {
+pub fn draw_spec(_py: Python, m: &Bound<'_, PyModule>) -> PyResult<()> {
     m.add_class::<ColorDraw>()?; // PYI
     m.add_class::<BoundingBoxDraw>()?; // PYI
     m.add_class::<DotDraw>()?; // PYI
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ pub fn draw_spec(_py: Python, m: &PyModule) -> PyResult<()> {
 }
 
 #[pymodule]
-fn savant_rs(py: Python, m: &PyModule) -> PyResult<()> {
+fn savant_rs(py: Python, m: &Bound<'_, PyModule>) -> PyResult<()> {
     let log_env_var_name = "LOGLEVEL";
     let log_env_var_level = "trace";
     if std::env::var(log_env_var_name).is_err() {
@@ -269,8 +269,8 @@ fn savant_rs(py: Python, m: &PyModule) -> PyResult<()> {
     m.add_wrapped(wrap_pymodule!(self::logging))?; // PYI
     m.add_wrapped(wrap_pymodule!(self::zmq))?; // PYI
 
-    let sys = PyModule::import(py, "sys")?;
-    let sys_modules: &PyDict = sys.getattr("modules")?.downcast()?;
+    let sys = PyModule::import_bound(py, "sys")?;
+    let sys_modules: &PyDict = sys.as_gil_ref().getattr("modules")?.downcast()?;
 
     sys_modules.set_item("savant_rs.primitives", m.getattr("primitives")?)?;
     sys_modules.set_item("savant_rs.pipeline", m.getattr("pipeline")?)?;