This image is based off the official Solr image with modifications to work under Alpine Linux.
https://hub.docker.com/r/library/solr/
To run a single Solr server:
SOLR_CONTAINER=$(docker run -d -p 8983:8983 -t alpine-solr)
Then with a web browser go to http://hostname:8983/ to see the Admin Console (adjust the hostname for your docker host).
To use Solr, you need to create a "core", an index for your data. For example:
docker exec -it --user=solr $SOLR_CONTAINER bin/solr create_core -c gettingstarted
In the web UI if you click on "Core Admin" you should now see the "gettingstarted" core.
If you want to load some example data:
docker exec -it --user=solr $SOLR_CONTAINER bin/post -c gettingstarted example/exampledocs/manufacturers.xml
In the UI, find the "Core selector" popup menu and select the "gettingstarted" core, then select the "Query" menu item. This gives you a default search for ":" which returns all docs. Hit the "Execute Query" button, and you should see a few docs with data. Congratulations!
To learn more about Solr, see the Apache Solr Reference Guide.