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<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
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<meta name="description" content="The modular micro web framework for Java">
<meta name="keywords" content="Java, Modern, Micro, Web, Framework, Reactive, Lightweight, Microservices">
<meta name="author" content="3.6.0">
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="images/favicon96.png">
<title>jooby: do more! more easily!!</title>
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<body class="book toc2 toc-left">
<div id="header">
<h1>Welcome to Jooby!</h1>
<div class="details">
<span id="author" class="author">3.6.0</span><br>
</div>
<div id="toc" class="toc2">
<div id="toctitle">Table of Contents</div>
<ul class="sectlevel1">
<li><a href="#introduction">1. Introduction</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#features">1.1. Features</a></li>
<li><a href="#script-api">1.2. Script API</a></li>
<li><a href="#mvc-api">1.3. MVC API</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#getting-started">2. Getting Started</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#code-snippets">2.1. Code Snippets</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#router">3. Router</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#route">3.1. Route</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#attributes">3.1.1. Attributes</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#path-pattern">3.2. Path Pattern</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#static">3.2.1. Static</a></li>
<li><a href="#variable">3.2.2. Variable</a></li>
<li><a href="#regex">3.2.3. Regex</a></li>
<li><a href="#catchall">3.2.4. * Catchall</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#handler">3.3. Handler</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#filter">3.3.1. Filter</a></li>
<li><a href="#before">3.3.2. Before</a></li>
<li><a href="#after">3.3.3. After</a></li>
<li><a href="#complete">3.3.4. Complete</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#pipeline">3.4. Pipeline</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#order">3.4.1. Order</a></li>
<li><a href="#scoped-filter">3.4.2. Scoped Filter</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#grouping-routes">3.5. Grouping routes</a></li>
<li><a href="#composing">3.6. Composing</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#mount">3.6.1. Mount</a></li>
<li><a href="#install">3.6.2. Install</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#dynamic-routing">3.7. Dynamic Routing</a></li>
<li><a href="#options">3.8. Options</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#hidden-method">3.8.1. Hidden Method</a></li>
<li><a href="#trust-proxy">3.8.2. Trust Proxy</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#context">4. Context</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#parameters">4.1. Parameters</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#header">4.1.1. Header</a></li>
<li><a href="#cookie">4.1.2. Cookie</a></li>
<li><a href="#path">4.1.3. Path</a></li>
<li><a href="#query">4.1.4. Query</a></li>
<li><a href="#formdata">4.1.5. Formdata</a></li>
<li><a href="#multipart">4.1.6. Multipart</a></li>
<li><a href="#session">4.1.7. Session</a></li>
<li><a href="#flash">4.1.8. Flash</a></li>
<li><a href="#parameter-lookup">4.1.9. Parameter Lookup</a></li>
<li><a href="#client-certificates">4.1.10. Client Certificates</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#value-api">4.2. Value API</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#single-value">4.2.1. Single value</a></li>
<li><a href="#default-and-optional-value">4.2.2. Default and Optional value</a></li>
<li><a href="#multiple-values">4.2.3. Multiple values</a></li>
<li><a href="#structured-data">4.2.4. Structured data</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#request-body">4.3. Request Body</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#message-decoder">4.3.1. Message Decoder</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#response-body">4.4. Response Body</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#message-encoder">4.4.1. Message Encoder</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#mvc-api-2">5. MVC API</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#getting-started-2">5.1. Getting Started</a></li>
<li><a href="#registration">5.2. Registration</a></li>
<li><a href="#parameters-2">5.3. Parameters</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#header-2">5.3.1. Header</a></li>
<li><a href="#cookie-2">5.3.2. Cookie</a></li>
<li><a href="#path-2">5.3.3. Path</a></li>
<li><a href="#query-2">5.3.4. Query</a></li>
<li><a href="#formdatamultipart">5.3.5. Formdata/Multipart</a></li>
<li><a href="#body">5.3.6. Body</a></li>
<li><a href="#bind">5.3.7. Bind</a></li>
<li><a href="#flash-2">5.3.8. Flash</a></li>
<li><a href="#session-2">5.3.9. Session</a></li>
<li><a href="#context-2">5.3.10. Context</a></li>
<li><a href="#multiple-sources">5.3.11. Multiple Sources</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#responses">5.4. Responses</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#status-code">5.4.1. Status Code</a></li>
<li><a href="#nonblocking">5.4.2. NonBlocking</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#execution-model">5.5. Execution model</a></li>
<li><a href="#jax-rs-annotations">5.6. JAX-RS Annotations</a></li>
<li><a href="#annotation-processor-options">5.7. Annotation Processor Options</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#setting-options">5.7.1. Setting options</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#static-files">6. Static Files</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#static-site">6.1. Static Site</a></li>
<li><a href="#spas">6.2. SPAs</a></li>
<li><a href="#options-2">6.3. Options</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#templates">7. Templates</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#template-engine">7.1. Template Engine</a></li>
<li><a href="#view-model">7.2. View Model</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#session-3">8. Session</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#in-memory-session">8.1. In-Memory Session</a></li>
<li><a href="#signed-session">8.2. Signed Session</a></li>
<li><a href="#stores">8.3. Stores</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#web-sockets">9. Web Sockets</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#structured-data-2">9.1. Structured data</a></li>
<li><a href="#options-3">9.2. Options</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#connection-timeouts">9.2.1. Connection Timeouts</a></li>
<li><a href="#max-size">9.2.2. Max size</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#server-sent-events">10. Server-Sent Events</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#message-options">10.1. Message Options</a></li>
<li><a href="#connection-lost">10.2. Connection Lost</a></li>
<li><a href="#keep-alive">10.3. Keep Alive</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#execution-model-2">11. Execution Model</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#mode">11.1. Mode</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#event-loop">11.1.1. Event Loop</a></li>
<li><a href="#worker">11.1.2. Worker</a></li>
<li><a href="#default">11.1.3. Default</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#worker-executor">11.2. Worker Executor</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#responses-2">12. Responses</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#raw">12.1. Raw</a></li>
<li><a href="#streaming-chunked">12.2. Streaming / Chunked</a></li>
<li><a href="#file-download">12.3. File download</a></li>
<li><a href="#nonblocking-2">12.4. NonBlocking</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#completablefuture">12.4.1. CompletableFuture</a></li>
<li><a href="#mutiny">12.4.2. Mutiny</a></li>
<li><a href="#rxjava">12.4.3. RxJava</a></li>
<li><a href="#reactor">12.4.4. Reactor</a></li>
<li><a href="#kotlin-coroutines">12.4.5. Kotlin Coroutines</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#send-methods">12.5. Send methods</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#error-handler">13. Error Handler</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#custom-error-handler">13.1. Custom Error Handler</a></li>
<li><a href="#catch-by-code">13.2. Catch by Code</a></li>
<li><a href="#catch-by-exception">13.3. Catch by Exception</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#problem-details">14. Problem Details</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#set-up-problemdetails">14.1. Set up ProblemDetails</a></li>
<li><a href="#creating-problems">14.2. Creating problems</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#static-helpers">14.2.1. Static helpers</a></li>
<li><a href="#builder">14.2.2. Builder</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#adding-extra-parameters">14.3. Adding extra parameters</a></li>
<li><a href="#adding-headers">14.4. Adding headers</a></li>
<li><a href="#respond-with-errors-details">14.5. Respond with errors details</a></li>
<li><a href="#custom-exception-to-httpproblem">14.6. Custom <code>Exception</code> to <code>HttpProblem</code></a></li>
<li><a href="#custom-problems">14.7. Custom Problems</a></li>
<li><a href="#custom-exception-handlers">14.8. Custom Exception Handlers</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#handlers">15. Handlers</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#accessloghandler">15.1. AccessLogHandler</a></li>
<li><a href="#corshandler">15.2. CorsHandler</a></li>
<li><a href="#csrfhandler">15.3. CsrfHandler</a></li>
<li><a href="#gracefulshutdown">15.4. GracefulShutdown</a></li>
<li><a href="#headhandler">15.5. HeadHandler</a></li>
<li><a href="#ratelimithandler">15.6. RateLimitHandler</a></li>
<li><a href="#sslhandler">15.7. SSLHandler</a></li>
<li><a href="#tracehandler">15.8. TraceHandler</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#configuration">16. Configuration</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#environment">16.1. Environment</a></li>
<li><a href="#default-environment">16.2. Default Environment</a></li>
<li><a href="#overrides">16.3. Overrides</a></li>
<li><a href="#custom-environment">16.4. Custom environment</a></li>
<li><a href="#logging">16.5. Logging</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#logback">16.5.1. Logback</a></li>
<li><a href="#log4j2">16.5.2. Log4j2</a></li>
<li><a href="#environment-logging">16.5.3. Environment logging</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#application-properties">16.6. Application Properties</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#testing">17. Testing</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#unit-testing">17.1. Unit Testing</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#options-4">17.1.1. Options</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#integration-testing">17.2. Integration Testing</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#arguments">17.2.1. Arguments</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#development">18. Development</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#usage">18.1. Usage</a></li>
<li><a href="#compilation-restart">18.2. Compilation & Restart</a></li>
<li><a href="#options-5">18.3. Options</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#packaging">19. Packaging</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#single-jar">19.1. Single jar</a></li>
<li><a href="#stork">19.2. Stork</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#server">20. Server</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#manual-setup">20.1. Manual setup</a></li>
<li><a href="#options-6">20.2. Options</a></li>
<li><a href="#https-support">20.3. HTTPS Support</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#using-x-509">20.3.1. Using X.509</a></li>
<li><a href="#using-pkcs12">20.3.2. Using PKCS12</a></li>
<li><a href="#client-authentication-mutual-tls">20.3.3. Client Authentication (Mutual TLS)</a></li>
<li><a href="#tls-protocol">20.3.4. TLS protocol</a></li>
<li><a href="#openssl">20.3.5. OpenSSL</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#http2-support">20.4. HTTP/2 Support</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#extensions-and-services">21. Extensions and Services</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#writing-custom-extension">21.1. Writing Custom Extension</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#dependency-injection">22. Dependency Injection</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#avaje-inject">22.1. Avaje Inject</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#property-injection">22.1.1. Property Injection</a></li>
<li><a href="#mvc-routes">22.1.2. MVC routes</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#dagger">22.2. Dagger</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#mvc-routes-2">22.2.1. MVC routes</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#guice">22.3. Guice</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#property-injection-2">22.3.1. Property Injection</a></li>
<li><a href="#mvc-routes-3">22.3.2. MVC routes</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#modules">23. Modules</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#cloud">23.1. Cloud</a></li>
<li><a href="#data">23.2. Data</a></li>
<li><a href="#validation">23.3. Validation</a></li>
<li><a href="#development-tools">23.4. Development Tools</a></li>
<li><a href="#event-bus">23.5. Event Bus</a></li>
<li><a href="#json">23.6. JSON</a></li>
<li><a href="#openapi">23.7. OpenAPI</a></li>
<li><a href="#template-engine-2">23.8. Template Engine</a></li>
<li><a href="#security">23.9. Security</a></li>
<li><a href="#session-store">23.10. Session Store</a></li>
<li><a href="#scheduler">23.11. Scheduler</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#appendix">24. Appendix</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#upgrading-from-2-x-to-3-x">24.1. Upgrading from 2.x to 3.x</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#requirements">24.1.1. Requirements</a></li>
<li><a href="#module-info-java">24.1.2. module-info.java</a></li>
<li><a href="#kotlin">24.1.3. Kotlin</a></li>
<li><a href="#jakarta">24.1.4. jakarta</a></li>
<li><a href="#modules-2">24.1.5. Modules</a></li>
<li><a href="#package-renames">24.1.6. Package renames</a></li>
<li><a href="#class-renames">24.1.7. Class renames</a></li>
<li><a href="#method-renames">24.1.8. Method renames</a></li>
<li><a href="#dependencies">24.1.9. Dependencies</a></li>
<li><a href="#reactive-support">24.1.10. Reactive support</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#upgrading-from-1-x-to-2-x">24.2. Upgrading from 1.x to 2.x</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#maven-coordinates">24.2.1. Maven coordinates</a></li>
<li><a href="#modules-3">24.2.2. Modules</a></li>
<li><a href="#api">24.2.3. API</a></li>
<li><a href="#route-pipeline">24.2.4. Route Pipeline</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div id="preamble">
<div class="sectionbody">
<h2 id="do-more-more-easily" class="discrete">∞ do more, more easily</h2>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="introduction"><a class="anchor" href="#introduction"></a><a class="link" href="#introduction">1. Introduction</a></h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Jooby is a modern, performant and easy to use web framework for Java and Kotlin built on top of your
favorite web server.</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock primary">
<div class="title">Welcome!!</div>
<div class="switch"><div class="switch--item option-1 selected">Java</div><div class="switch--item option-2">Kotlin</div></div><div class="content option-1">
<pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-java hljs" data-lang="java" id="x7b94dfa665564624">import io.jooby.Jooby;
public class App extends Jooby {
{
get("/", ctx -> "Welcome to Jooby!");
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
runApp(args, App::new);
}
}</code><button class="clipboard" data-clipboard-target="#x7b94dfa665564624"><img src="/images/clippy.svg" class="clippy" width="13" alt="Copy to clipboard"></button></pre>
</div><div class="content hidden option-2">
<pre class="highlightjs highlight"><code class="language-kotlin hljs" data-lang="kotlin" id="xbac8e7219b084dba">import io.jooby.kt.runApp
fun main(args: Array<String>) {
runApp(args) {
get ("/") { "Welcome to Jooby!" }
}
}</code><button class="clipboard" data-clipboard-target="#xbac8e7219b084dba"><img src="/images/clippy.svg" class="clippy" width="13" alt="Copy to clipboard"></button></pre>
</div></div>
<div class="admonitionblock tip">
<table>
<tbody><tr>
<td class="icon">
<i class="fa icon-tip" title="Tip"></i>
</td>
<td class="content">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Latest Release: <a href="https://github.com/jooby-project/jooby/releases/tag/v3.6.0" target="_blank">3.6.0</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Looking for a previous version?</p>
</div>
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p>Access to <a href="v2">2.x</a> documentation. See <a href="/migration/3.x">migrating from 2.x to 3.x</a></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Access to <a href="v1">1.x</a> documentation.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>