README.md

PHP CSP

A PHP helper class to dynamically construct Content Security Policy headers as defined by the W3C in the Content Security Policy specification (http://www.w3.org/TR/CSP2/).

How to use

Add php-csp to your project and create an instance of the ContentSecurityPolicyHeaderBuilder class and use it to setup your CSP policy. Once your policy is complete, use ContentSecurityPolicyHeaderBuilder::getHeaders() to get your CSP header.

use Phpcsp\Security\ContentSecurityPolicyHeaderBuilder;

$policy = new ContentSecurityPolicyHeaderBuilder();

// Set the script-src directive to 'none'
$policy->addSourceExpression(ContentSecurityPolicyHeaderBuilder::DIRECTIVE_SCRIPT_SRC, 'none');

// Enable the browsers xss blocking features
$policy->setReflectedXssPolicy(ContentSecurityPolicyHeaderBuilder::REFLECTED_XSS_BLOCK);

// Set a report URL
$policy->setReportUri('https://example.com/csp/report.php');

// Get your CSP headers
$headers = $policy->getHeaders(false);

ContentSecurityPolicy::getHeaders() returns an array of HTTP headers you should send. For the example above this results in the following array:

array (size=1)
  0 => 
    array (size=2)
      'name' => string 'Content-Security-Policy' (length=23)
      'value' => string 'script-src 'none'; reflected-xss block; report-uri https://example.com/csp/report.php;' (length=86)

Source expressions

The most straightforward use of this class is by adding origins to the directives of your choice like in this example:

use Phpcsp\Security\ContentSecurityPolicyHeaderBuilder;

$policy = new ContentSecurityPolicyHeaderBuilder();

// Set the default-src directive to 'none'
$policy->addSourceExpression(ContentSecurityPolicyHeaderBuilder::DIRECTIVE_DEFAULT_SRC, 'none');

// Add a single origin for the script-src directive
$policy->addSourceExpression(ContentSecurityPolicyHeaderBuilder::DIRECTIVE_SCRIPT_SRC, 'https://example.com/scripts/');

// Add a single origin for the style-src directive
$policy->addSourceExpression(ContentSecurityPolicyHeaderBuilder::DIRECTIVE_STYLE_SRC, 'https://example.com/style/');

foreach ($policy->getHeaders(true) as $header) {
    header(sprintf('%s: %s', $header['name'], $header['value']));
}

This example would output the following headers:

array (size=1)
  0 => 
    array (size=2)
      'name' => string 'Content-Security-Policy' (length=23)
      'value' => string 'default-src 'none'; script-src https://example.com/scripts/; style-src https://example.com/style/;' (length=98)

Source sets

You can define source-sets and link them to any CSP directive you want. For example

use Phpcsp\Security\ContentSecurityPolicyHeaderBuilder;

$policy = new ContentSecurityPolicyHeaderBuilder();

// Set the default-src directive to 'none'
$policy->addSourceExpression(ContentSecurityPolicyHeaderBuilder::DIRECTIVE_DEFAULT_SRC, 'none');

// Define two source sets
$policy->defineSourceSet('my-scripts-cdn', [
    'https://cdn-scripts1.example.com/scripts/',
    'https://cdn-scripts2.example.com/scripts/'
]);

$policy->defineSourceSet('my-style-cdn', [
    'https://cdn-style1.example.com/css/',
    'https://cdn-style2.example.com/css/'
]);

// Add both to a directive
$policy->addSourceSet(ContentSecurityPolicyHeaderBuilder::DIRECTIVE_SCRIPT_SRC, 'my-scripts-cdn');
$policy->addSourceSet(ContentSecurityPolicyHeaderBuilder::DIRECTIVE_STYLE_SRC, 'my-style-cdn');
$headers = $policy->getHeaders(false);

Would result in the following headers:

array (size=1)
  0 => 
    array (size=2)
      'name' => string 'Content-Security-Policy' (length=23)
      'value' => string 'default-src 'none'; script-src https://cdn-scripts1.example.com/scripts/ https://cdn-scripts2.example.com/scripts/; style-src https://cdn-style1.example.com/css/ https://cdn-style2.example.com/css/;' (length=198)

Nonces

CSP blocks inline scripts but they can be enabled again by adding unsafe-inline to the script-src directive. Doing this would defeat the entire purpose of using CSP and therefor, the use of unsafe-inline is not recommended. If you need to inline scripts for whatever reason, you should use nonces. A nonce is a random string you add to the script-src directive and the inline script tags you allow on your webpage like in the following example:

use Phpcsp\Security\ContentSecurityPolicyHeaderBuilder;

$policy = new ContentSecurityPolicyHeaderBuilder();

// Set the default-src directive to 'none'
$policy->addSourceExpression(ContentSecurityPolicyHeaderBuilder::DIRECTIVE_DEFAULT_SRC, 'none');

$myScriptNonce = 'thisShouldBeRandom';

// Add the nonce to the script-src directive
$policy->addNonce(ContentSecurityPolicyHeaderBuilder::DIRECTIVE_SCRIPT_SRC, $myScriptNonce);

foreach ($policy->getHeaders(true) as $header) {
    header(sprintf('%s: %s', $header['name'], $header['value']));
}

Would result in the following headers:

array (size=1)
  0 => 
    array (size=2)
      'name' => string 'Content-Security-Policy' (length=23)
      'value' => string 'default-src 'none'; script-src 'nonce-thisShouldBeRandom';' (length=58)

Your HTML should look like this:

<script>
    // This would be blocked because it has no nonce
</script>

<script nonce="thisIsAWrongNonce">
   // This would be blocked because the nonce is invalid
</script>

<script nonce="thisShouldBeRandom">
    // This would work fine
</script>

The nonce should be random for each request so attackers cannot predict the nonce value.

Hashes

If your application requires inline scripts you can serve the SHA256, SHA384, or SHA512 hash of the source as part of the script-src directive in your policy to allow the script to run. This way you don't need to enable unsafe-inline.

Violation reports

CSP gives you the option to receive reports about CSP violations. Each time a page loads a resource that is blocked by your CSP policy, the browser will submit a JSON object to the URL you specified in your policy. In the following example, those report will be send to https://example.com/csp/report.php:

use Phpcsp\Security\ContentSecurityPolicyHeaderBuilder;

$policy = new ContentSecurityPolicyHeaderBuilder();

// Set the script-src directive to 'none'
$policy->addSourceExpression(ContentSecurityPolicyHeaderBuilder::DIRECTIVE_SCRIPT_SRC, 'https://example.com/scripts/');

// Set a report URL
$policy->setReportUri('https://example.com/csp/report.php');

You can also use CSP in a report-only mode. This mode is ideal if you are implenting CSP on an existing website without breaking things. Each time a resource load violates your CSP policy, the browser will send a violation report but it won't actually block the resource.

// Set a report URL
$policy->setReportUri('https://example.com/csp/report.php');

// Use report only mode
$policy->enforcePolicy(false);

Legacy header support

This class also provides support for some legacy headers which are being replaced by CSP. Currently it has support for the X-XSS-Protection and X-Frame-Options headers.

use Phpcsp\Security\ContentSecurityPolicyHeaderBuilder;

$policy = new ContentSecurityPolicyHeaderBuilder();

// Enable the browsers xss blocking features
$policy->setReflectedXssPolicy(ContentSecurityPolicyHeaderBuilder::REFLECTED_XSS_BLOCK);

// Set the 'X-Frame-Options' header
$policy->setFrameOptions(ContentSecurityPolicyHeaderBuilder::FRAME_OPTION_SAME_ORIGIN);

// Get your CSP headers, including legacy headers
$headers = $policy->getHeaders(true);

foreach ($headers as $header) {
    header(sprintf('%s: %s', $header['name'], $header['value']));
}

This would result in the following headers:

array (size=3)
  0 => 
    array (size=2)
      'name' => string 'Content-Security-Policy' (length=23)
      'value' => string 'script-src 'none'; reflected-xss block; report-uri https://example.com/csp/report.php;' (length=86)
  1 => 
    array (size=2)
      'name' => string 'X-XSS-Protection' (length=16)
      'value' => string '1; mode=block' (length=13)
  2 => 
    array (size=2)
      'name' => string 'X-Frame-Options' (length=15)
      'value' => string 'SAMEORIGIN' (length=10)