DeviceResources.cpp

//
// DeviceResources.cpp - A wrapper for the Direct3D 11 device and swapchain
//                       (requires DirectX 11.3 Runtime)
//


#include "pch.h"
#include "DeviceResources.h"

using namespace DirectX;
using namespace DX;

using Microsoft::WRL::ComPtr;

#pragma warning(disable : 4061)

extern void GetWindowBounds(_In_ IUnknown* window, _Out_ RECT* rect);

namespace
{
#if defined(_DEBUG)
    // Check for SDK Layer support.
    inline bool SdkLayersAvailable() noexcept
    {
        HRESULT hr = D3D11CreateDevice(
            nullptr,
            D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_NULL,       // There is no need to create a real hardware device.
            nullptr,
            D3D11_CREATE_DEVICE_DEBUG,  // Check for the SDK layers.
            nullptr,                    // Any feature level will do.
            0,
            D3D11_SDK_VERSION,
            nullptr,                    // No need to keep the D3D device reference.
            nullptr,                    // No need to know the feature level.
            nullptr                     // No need to keep the D3D device context reference.
            );

        return SUCCEEDED(hr);
    }
#endif

    inline DXGI_FORMAT NoSRGB(DXGI_FORMAT fmt) noexcept
    {
        switch (fmt)
        {
        case DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM_SRGB:   return DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
        case DXGI_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM_SRGB:   return DXGI_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM;
        case DXGI_FORMAT_B8G8R8X8_UNORM_SRGB:   return DXGI_FORMAT_B8G8R8X8_UNORM;
        default:                                return fmt;
        }
    }

    inline long ComputeIntersectionArea(
        long ax1, long ay1, long ax2, long ay2,
        long bx1, long by1, long bx2, long by2) noexcept
    {
        return std::max(0l, std::min(ax2, bx2) - std::max(ax1, bx1)) * std::max(0l, std::min(ay2, by2) - std::max(ay1, by1));
    }
}

// Constants used to calculate screen rotations
namespace ScreenRotation
{
    // 0-degree Z-rotation
    static const XMFLOAT4X4 Rotation0(
        1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
        0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
        0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
        0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f
        );

    // 90-degree Z-rotation
    static const XMFLOAT4X4 Rotation90(
        0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
        -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
        0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
        0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f
        );

    // 180-degree Z-rotation
    static const XMFLOAT4X4 Rotation180(
        -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
        0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
        0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
        0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f
        );

    // 270-degree Z-rotation
    static const XMFLOAT4X4 Rotation270(
        0.0f, -1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
        1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f,
        0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f,
        0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f
        );
}

// Constructor for DeviceResources.
DeviceResources::DeviceResources(
    DXGI_FORMAT backBufferFormat,
    DXGI_FORMAT depthBufferFormat,
    UINT backBufferCount,
    D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL minFeatureLevel,
    unsigned int flags) noexcept :
        m_screenViewport{},
        m_backBufferFormat(backBufferFormat),
        m_depthBufferFormat(depthBufferFormat),
        m_backBufferCount(backBufferCount),
        m_d3dMinFeatureLevel(minFeatureLevel),
        m_window(nullptr),
        m_d3dFeatureLevel(D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_9_1),
        m_rotation(DXGI_MODE_ROTATION_IDENTITY),
        m_dxgiFactoryFlags(0),
        m_outputSize{0, 0, 1, 1},
        m_orientationTransform3D(ScreenRotation::Rotation0),
        m_colorSpace(DXGI_COLOR_SPACE_RGB_FULL_G22_NONE_P709),
        m_options(flags),
        m_deviceNotify(nullptr)
{
}

// Configures the Direct3D device, and stores handles to it and the device context.
void DeviceResources::CreateDeviceResources()
{
    UINT creationFlags = D3D11_CREATE_DEVICE_BGRA_SUPPORT;

#if defined(_DEBUG)
    if (SdkLayersAvailable())
    {
        // If the project is in a debug build, enable debugging via SDK Layers with this flag.
        creationFlags |= D3D11_CREATE_DEVICE_DEBUG;
    }
    else
    {
        OutputDebugStringA("WARNING: Direct3D Debug Device is not available\n");
    }
#endif

#if defined(_DEBUG)
    {
        ComPtr<IDXGIInfoQueue> dxgiInfoQueue;
        if (SUCCEEDED(DXGIGetDebugInterface1(0, IID_PPV_ARGS(dxgiInfoQueue.GetAddressOf()))))
        {
            m_dxgiFactoryFlags = DXGI_CREATE_FACTORY_DEBUG;

            dxgiInfoQueue->SetBreakOnSeverity(DXGI_DEBUG_ALL, DXGI_INFO_QUEUE_MESSAGE_SEVERITY_ERROR, true);
            dxgiInfoQueue->SetBreakOnSeverity(DXGI_DEBUG_ALL, DXGI_INFO_QUEUE_MESSAGE_SEVERITY_CORRUPTION, true);

            DXGI_INFO_QUEUE_MESSAGE_ID hide[] =
            {
                80 /* IDXGISwapChain::GetContainingOutput: The swapchain's adapter does not control the output on which the swapchain's window resides. */,
            };
            DXGI_INFO_QUEUE_FILTER filter = {};
            filter.DenyList.NumIDs = _countof(hide);
            filter.DenyList.pIDList = hide;
            dxgiInfoQueue->AddStorageFilterEntries(DXGI_DEBUG_DXGI, &filter);
        }
    }
#endif

    ThrowIfFailed(CreateDXGIFactory2(m_dxgiFactoryFlags, IID_PPV_ARGS(m_dxgiFactory.ReleaseAndGetAddressOf())));

    // Determines whether tearing support is available for fullscreen borderless windows.
    if (m_options & c_AllowTearing)
    {
        BOOL allowTearing = FALSE;

        ComPtr<IDXGIFactory5> factory5;
        HRESULT hr = m_dxgiFactory.As(&factory5);
        if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
        {
            hr = factory5->CheckFeatureSupport(DXGI_FEATURE_PRESENT_ALLOW_TEARING, &allowTearing, sizeof(allowTearing));
        }

        if (FAILED(hr) || !allowTearing)
        {
            m_options &= ~c_AllowTearing;
#ifdef _DEBUG
            OutputDebugStringA("WARNING: Variable refresh rate displays not supported");
#endif
        }
    }

    // Determine DirectX hardware feature levels this app will support.
    static const D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL s_featureLevels[] =
    {
        D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_12_1,
        D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_12_0,
        D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_11_1,
        D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_11_0,
        D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_10_1,
        D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_10_0,
        D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_9_3,
        D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_9_2,
        D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_9_1,
    };

    UINT featLevelCount = 0;
    for (; featLevelCount < _countof(s_featureLevels); ++featLevelCount)
    {
        if (s_featureLevels[featLevelCount] < m_d3dMinFeatureLevel)
            break;
    }

    if (!featLevelCount)
    {
        throw std::out_of_range("minFeatureLevel too high");
    }

    ComPtr<IDXGIAdapter1> adapter;
    GetHardwareAdapter(adapter.GetAddressOf());

    // Create the Direct3D 11 API device object and a corresponding context.
    ComPtr<ID3D11Device> device;
    ComPtr<ID3D11DeviceContext> context;

    HRESULT hr = E_FAIL;
    if (adapter)
    {
        hr = D3D11CreateDevice(
            adapter.Get(),
            D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
            nullptr,
            creationFlags,              // Set debug and Direct2D compatibility flags.
            s_featureLevels,
            featLevelCount,
            D3D11_SDK_VERSION,
            device.GetAddressOf(),      // Returns the Direct3D device created.
            &m_d3dFeatureLevel,         // Returns feature level of device created.
            context.GetAddressOf()      // Returns the device immediate context.
            );
    }
#if defined(NDEBUG)
    else
    {
        throw std::exception("No Direct3D hardware device found");
    }
#else
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        // If the initialization fails, fall back to the WARP device.
        // For more information on WARP, see:
        // http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=286690
        hr = D3D11CreateDevice(
            nullptr,
            D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_WARP, // Create a WARP device instead of a hardware device.
            nullptr,
            creationFlags,
            s_featureLevels,
            featLevelCount,
            D3D11_SDK_VERSION,
            device.GetAddressOf(),
            &m_d3dFeatureLevel,
            context.GetAddressOf()
            );

        if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
        {
            OutputDebugStringA("Direct3D Adapter - WARP\n");
        }
    }
#endif

    ThrowIfFailed(hr);

#ifndef NDEBUG
    ComPtr<ID3D11Debug> d3dDebug;
    if (SUCCEEDED(device.As(&d3dDebug)))
    {
        ComPtr<ID3D11InfoQueue> d3dInfoQueue;
        if (SUCCEEDED(d3dDebug.As(&d3dInfoQueue)))
        {
#ifdef _DEBUG
            d3dInfoQueue->SetBreakOnSeverity(D3D11_MESSAGE_SEVERITY_CORRUPTION, true);
            d3dInfoQueue->SetBreakOnSeverity(D3D11_MESSAGE_SEVERITY_ERROR, true);
#endif
            D3D11_MESSAGE_ID hide[] =
            {
                D3D11_MESSAGE_ID_SETPRIVATEDATA_CHANGINGPARAMS,
            };
            D3D11_INFO_QUEUE_FILTER filter = {};
            filter.DenyList.NumIDs = _countof(hide);
            filter.DenyList.pIDList = hide;
            d3dInfoQueue->AddStorageFilterEntries(&filter);
        }
    }
#endif

    ThrowIfFailed(device.As(&m_d3dDevice));
    ThrowIfFailed(context.As(&m_d3dContext));
}

// These resources need to be recreated every time the window size is changed.
void DeviceResources::CreateWindowSizeDependentResources()
{
    if (!m_window)
    {
        throw std::exception("Call SetWindow with a valid CoreWindow pointer");
    }

    // Clear the previous window size specific context.
    m_d3dContext->OMSetRenderTargets(0, nullptr, nullptr);
    m_d3dRenderTargetView.Reset();
    m_d3dDepthStencilView.Reset();
    m_renderTarget.Reset();
    m_depthStencil.Reset();
    m_d3dContext->Flush();

    // Determine the render target size in pixels.
    const UINT backBufferWidth = std::max<UINT>(static_cast<UINT>(m_outputSize.right - m_outputSize.left), 1u);
    const UINT backBufferHeight = std::max<UINT>(static_cast<UINT>(m_outputSize.bottom - m_outputSize.top), 1u);
    const DXGI_FORMAT backBufferFormat = NoSRGB(m_backBufferFormat);

    if (m_swapChain)
    {
        // If the swap chain already exists, resize it.
        HRESULT hr = m_swapChain->ResizeBuffers(
            m_backBufferCount,
            backBufferWidth,
            backBufferHeight,
            backBufferFormat,
            (m_options & c_AllowTearing) ? DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_FLAG_ALLOW_TEARING : 0u
            );

        if (hr == DXGI_ERROR_DEVICE_REMOVED || hr == DXGI_ERROR_DEVICE_RESET)
        {
#ifdef _DEBUG
            char buff[64] = {};
            sprintf_s(buff, "Device Lost on ResizeBuffers: Reason code 0x%08X\n",
                static_cast<unsigned int>((hr == DXGI_ERROR_DEVICE_REMOVED) ? m_d3dDevice->GetDeviceRemovedReason() : hr));
            OutputDebugStringA(buff);
#endif
            // If the device was removed for any reason, a new device and swap chain will need to be created.
            HandleDeviceLost();

            // Everything is set up now. Do not continue execution of this method. HandleDeviceLost will reenter this method
            // and correctly set up the new device.
            return;
        }
        else
        {
            ThrowIfFailed(hr);
        }
    }
    else
    {
        // Create a descriptor for the swap chain.
        DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC1 swapChainDesc = {};
        swapChainDesc.Width = backBufferWidth;
        swapChainDesc.Height = backBufferHeight;
        swapChainDesc.Format = backBufferFormat;
        swapChainDesc.BufferUsage = DXGI_USAGE_RENDER_TARGET_OUTPUT;
        swapChainDesc.BufferCount = m_backBufferCount;
        swapChainDesc.SampleDesc.Count = 1;
        swapChainDesc.SampleDesc.Quality = 0;
        swapChainDesc.Scaling = DXGI_SCALING_ASPECT_RATIO_STRETCH;
        swapChainDesc.SwapEffect = DXGI_SWAP_EFFECT_FLIP_DISCARD;
        swapChainDesc.AlphaMode = DXGI_ALPHA_MODE_IGNORE;
        swapChainDesc.Flags = (m_options & c_AllowTearing) ? DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_FLAG_ALLOW_TEARING : 0u;

        // Create a swap chain for the window.
        ComPtr<IDXGISwapChain1> swapChain;
        ThrowIfFailed(m_dxgiFactory->CreateSwapChainForCoreWindow(
            m_d3dDevice.Get(),
            m_window,
            &swapChainDesc,
            nullptr,
            swapChain.GetAddressOf()
            ));

        ThrowIfFailed(swapChain.As(&m_swapChain));

        // Ensure that DXGI does not queue more than one frame at a time. This both reduces latency and
        // ensures that the application will only render after each VSync, minimizing power consumption.
        ComPtr<IDXGIDevice3> dxgiDevice;
        ThrowIfFailed(m_d3dDevice.As(&dxgiDevice));
        ThrowIfFailed(dxgiDevice->SetMaximumFrameLatency(1));
    }

    // Handle color space settings for HDR
    UpdateColorSpace();

    // Set the proper orientation for the swap chain, and generate
    // matrix transformations for rendering to the rotated swap chain.
    switch (m_rotation)
    {
    default:
    case DXGI_MODE_ROTATION_IDENTITY:
        m_orientationTransform3D = ScreenRotation::Rotation0;
        break;

    case DXGI_MODE_ROTATION_ROTATE90:
        m_orientationTransform3D = ScreenRotation::Rotation270;
        break;

    case DXGI_MODE_ROTATION_ROTATE180:
        m_orientationTransform3D = ScreenRotation::Rotation180;
        break;

    case DXGI_MODE_ROTATION_ROTATE270:
        m_orientationTransform3D = ScreenRotation::Rotation90;
        break;
    }

    ThrowIfFailed(m_swapChain->SetRotation(m_rotation));

    // Create a render target view of the swap chain back buffer.
    ThrowIfFailed(m_swapChain->GetBuffer(0, IID_PPV_ARGS(m_renderTarget.ReleaseAndGetAddressOf())));

    CD3D11_RENDER_TARGET_VIEW_DESC renderTargetViewDesc(D3D11_RTV_DIMENSION_TEXTURE2D, m_backBufferFormat);
    ThrowIfFailed(m_d3dDevice->CreateRenderTargetView(
        m_renderTarget.Get(),
        &renderTargetViewDesc,
        m_d3dRenderTargetView.ReleaseAndGetAddressOf()
        ));

    if (m_depthBufferFormat != DXGI_FORMAT_UNKNOWN)
    {
        // Create a depth stencil view for use with 3D rendering if needed.
        CD3D11_TEXTURE2D_DESC depthStencilDesc(
            m_depthBufferFormat,
            backBufferWidth,
            backBufferHeight,
            1, // This depth stencil view has only one texture.
            1, // Use a single mipmap level.
            D3D11_BIND_DEPTH_STENCIL
            );

        ThrowIfFailed(m_d3dDevice->CreateTexture2D(
            &depthStencilDesc,
            nullptr,
            m_depthStencil.ReleaseAndGetAddressOf()
            ));

        CD3D11_DEPTH_STENCIL_VIEW_DESC depthStencilViewDesc(D3D11_DSV_DIMENSION_TEXTURE2D);
        ThrowIfFailed(m_d3dDevice->CreateDepthStencilView(
            m_depthStencil.Get(),
            &depthStencilViewDesc,
            m_d3dDepthStencilView.ReleaseAndGetAddressOf()
            ));
    }

    // Set the 3D rendering viewport to target the entire window.
    m_screenViewport = CD3D11_VIEWPORT(
        0.0f,
        0.0f,
        static_cast<float>(backBufferWidth),
        static_cast<float>(backBufferHeight)
        );
}

// This method is called when the CoreWindow is created (or re-created).
void DeviceResources::SetWindow(IUnknown* window, int width, int height, DXGI_MODE_ROTATION rotation) noexcept
{
    m_window = window;

    m_outputSize.left = m_outputSize.top = 0;
    m_outputSize.right = width;
    m_outputSize.bottom = height;

    m_rotation = rotation;
}

// This method is called when the window changes size
bool DeviceResources::WindowSizeChanged(int width, int height, DXGI_MODE_ROTATION rotation)
{
    RECT newRc;
    newRc.left = newRc.top = 0;
    newRc.right = width;
    newRc.bottom = height;
    if (newRc == m_outputSize && rotation == m_rotation)
    {
        // Handle color space settings for HDR
        UpdateColorSpace();

        return false;
    }

    m_outputSize = newRc;
    m_rotation = rotation;
    CreateWindowSizeDependentResources();
    return true;
}

// This method is called in the event handler for the DisplayContentsInvalidated event.
void DeviceResources::ValidateDevice()
{
    // The D3D Device is no longer valid if the default adapter changed since the device
    // was created or if the device has been removed.

    DXGI_ADAPTER_DESC previousDesc;
    {
        ComPtr<IDXGIAdapter1> previousDefaultAdapter;
        ThrowIfFailed(m_dxgiFactory->EnumAdapters1(0, previousDefaultAdapter.GetAddressOf()));

        ThrowIfFailed(previousDefaultAdapter->GetDesc(&previousDesc));
    }

    DXGI_ADAPTER_DESC currentDesc;
    {
        ComPtr<IDXGIFactory2> currentFactory;
        ThrowIfFailed(CreateDXGIFactory2(m_dxgiFactoryFlags, IID_PPV_ARGS(currentFactory.GetAddressOf())));

        ComPtr<IDXGIAdapter1> currentDefaultAdapter;
        ThrowIfFailed(currentFactory->EnumAdapters1(0, currentDefaultAdapter.GetAddressOf()));

        ThrowIfFailed(currentDefaultAdapter->GetDesc(&currentDesc));
    }

    // If the adapter LUIDs don't match, or if the device reports that it has been removed,
    // a new D3D device must be created.

    if (previousDesc.AdapterLuid.LowPart != currentDesc.AdapterLuid.LowPart
        || previousDesc.AdapterLuid.HighPart != currentDesc.AdapterLuid.HighPart
        || FAILED(m_d3dDevice->GetDeviceRemovedReason()))
    {
#ifdef _DEBUG
        OutputDebugStringA("Device Lost on ValidateDevice\n");
#endif

        // Create a new device and swap chain.
        HandleDeviceLost();
    }
}

// Recreate all device resources and set them back to the current state.
void DeviceResources::HandleDeviceLost()
{
    if (m_deviceNotify)
    {
        m_deviceNotify->OnDeviceLost();
    }

    m_d3dDepthStencilView.Reset();
    m_d3dRenderTargetView.Reset();
    m_renderTarget.Reset();
    m_depthStencil.Reset();
    m_swapChain.Reset();
    m_d3dContext.Reset();
    m_d3dDevice.Reset();
    m_dxgiFactory.Reset();

#ifdef _DEBUG
    {
        ComPtr<IDXGIDebug1> dxgiDebug;
        if (SUCCEEDED(DXGIGetDebugInterface1(0, IID_PPV_ARGS(&dxgiDebug))))
        {
            dxgiDebug->ReportLiveObjects(DXGI_DEBUG_ALL, DXGI_DEBUG_RLO_FLAGS(DXGI_DEBUG_RLO_SUMMARY | DXGI_DEBUG_RLO_IGNORE_INTERNAL));
        }
    }
#endif

    CreateDeviceResources();
    CreateWindowSizeDependentResources();

    if (m_deviceNotify)
    {
        m_deviceNotify->OnDeviceRestored();
    }
}

// Call this method when the app suspends. It provides a hint to the driver that the app
// is entering an idle state and that temporary buffers can be reclaimed for use by other apps.
void DeviceResources::Trim() noexcept
{
    ComPtr<IDXGIDevice3> dxgiDevice;
    if (SUCCEEDED(m_d3dDevice.As(&dxgiDevice)))
    {
        dxgiDevice->Trim();
    }
}

// Present the contents of the swap chain to the screen.
void DeviceResources::Present()
{
    HRESULT hr = E_FAIL;
    if (m_options & c_AllowTearing)
    {
        // Recommended to always use tearing if supported when using a sync interval of 0.
        hr = m_swapChain->Present(0, DXGI_PRESENT_ALLOW_TEARING);
    }
    else
    {
        // The first argument instructs DXGI to block until VSync, putting the application
        // to sleep until the next VSync. This ensures we don't waste any cycles rendering
        // frames that will never be displayed to the screen.
        hr = m_swapChain->Present(1, 0);
    }

    // Discard the contents of the render target.
    // This is a valid operation only when the existing contents will be entirely
    // overwritten. If dirty or scroll rects are used, this call should be removed.
    m_d3dContext->DiscardView(m_d3dRenderTargetView.Get());

    if (m_d3dDepthStencilView)
    {
        // Discard the contents of the depth stencil.
        m_d3dContext->DiscardView(m_d3dDepthStencilView.Get());
    }

    // If the device was removed either by a disconnection or a driver upgrade, we
    // must recreate all device resources.
    if (hr == DXGI_ERROR_DEVICE_REMOVED || hr == DXGI_ERROR_DEVICE_RESET)
    {
#ifdef _DEBUG
        char buff[64] = {};
        sprintf_s(buff, "Device Lost on Present: Reason code 0x%08X\n",
            static_cast<unsigned int>((hr == DXGI_ERROR_DEVICE_REMOVED) ? m_d3dDevice->GetDeviceRemovedReason() : hr));
        OutputDebugStringA(buff);
#endif
        HandleDeviceLost();
    }
    else
    {
        ThrowIfFailed(hr);

        if (!m_dxgiFactory->IsCurrent())
        {
            UpdateColorSpace();
        }
    }
}

// This method acquires the first available hardware adapter.
// If no such adapter can be found, *ppAdapter will be set to nullptr.
void DeviceResources::GetHardwareAdapter(IDXGIAdapter1** ppAdapter)
{
    *ppAdapter = nullptr;

    ComPtr<IDXGIAdapter1> adapter;

#if defined(__dxgi1_6_h__) && defined(NTDDI_WIN10_RS4)
    ComPtr<IDXGIFactory6> factory6;
    HRESULT hr = m_dxgiFactory.As(&factory6);
    if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
    {
        for (UINT adapterIndex = 0;
            SUCCEEDED(factory6->EnumAdapterByGpuPreference(
                adapterIndex,
                DXGI_GPU_PREFERENCE_HIGH_PERFORMANCE,
                IID_PPV_ARGS(adapter.ReleaseAndGetAddressOf())));
            adapterIndex++)
        {
            DXGI_ADAPTER_DESC1 desc;
            ThrowIfFailed(adapter->GetDesc1(&desc));

            if (desc.Flags & DXGI_ADAPTER_FLAG_SOFTWARE)
            {
                // Don't select the Basic Render Driver adapter.
                continue;
            }

        #ifdef _DEBUG
            wchar_t buff[256] = {};
            swprintf_s(buff, L"Direct3D Adapter (%u): VID:%04X, PID:%04X - %ls\n", adapterIndex, desc.VendorId, desc.DeviceId, desc.Description);
            OutputDebugStringW(buff);
        #endif

            break;
        }
    }
#endif

    if (!adapter)
    {
        for (UINT adapterIndex = 0;
            SUCCEEDED(m_dxgiFactory->EnumAdapters1(
                adapterIndex,
                adapter.ReleaseAndGetAddressOf()));
            adapterIndex++)
        {
            DXGI_ADAPTER_DESC1 desc;
            ThrowIfFailed(adapter->GetDesc1(&desc));

            if (desc.Flags & DXGI_ADAPTER_FLAG_SOFTWARE)
            {
                // Don't select the Basic Render Driver adapter.
                continue;
            }

#ifdef _DEBUG
            wchar_t buff[256] = {};
            swprintf_s(buff, L"Direct3D Adapter (%u): VID:%04X, PID:%04X - %ls\n", adapterIndex, desc.VendorId, desc.DeviceId, desc.Description);
            OutputDebugStringW(buff);
#endif

            break;
        }
    }

    *ppAdapter = adapter.Detach();
}

// Sets the color space for the swap chain in order to handle HDR output.
void DeviceResources::UpdateColorSpace()
{
    if (!m_dxgiFactory)
        return;

    if (!m_dxgiFactory->IsCurrent())
    {
        // Output information is cached on the DXGI Factory. If it is stale we need to create a new factory.
        ThrowIfFailed(CreateDXGIFactory2(m_dxgiFactoryFlags, IID_PPV_ARGS(m_dxgiFactory.ReleaseAndGetAddressOf())));
    }

    DXGI_COLOR_SPACE_TYPE colorSpace = DXGI_COLOR_SPACE_RGB_FULL_G22_NONE_P709;

    bool isDisplayHDR10 = false;

#if defined(NTDDI_WIN10_RS2)
    if (m_swapChain)
    {
        // To detect HDR support, we will need to check the color space in the primary
        // DXGI output associated with the app at this point in time
        // (using window/display intersection).

        // Get the retangle bounds of the app window.
        RECT windowBounds;
        GetWindowBounds(m_window, &windowBounds);

        const long ax1 = windowBounds.left;
        const long ay1 = windowBounds.top;
        const long ax2 = windowBounds.right;
        const long ay2 = windowBounds.bottom;

        ComPtr<IDXGIOutput> bestOutput;
        long bestIntersectArea = -1;

        ComPtr<IDXGIAdapter> adapter;
        for (UINT adapterIndex = 0;
            SUCCEEDED(m_dxgiFactory->EnumAdapters(adapterIndex, adapter.ReleaseAndGetAddressOf()));
            ++adapterIndex)
        {
            ComPtr<IDXGIOutput> output;
            for (UINT outputIndex = 0;
                SUCCEEDED(adapter->EnumOutputs(outputIndex, output.ReleaseAndGetAddressOf()));
                ++outputIndex)
            {
                // Get the rectangle bounds of current output.
                DXGI_OUTPUT_DESC desc;
                ThrowIfFailed(output->GetDesc(&desc));
                const auto& r = desc.DesktopCoordinates;

                // Compute the intersection
                const long intersectArea = ComputeIntersectionArea(ax1, ay1, ax2, ay2, r.left, r.top, r.right, r.bottom);
                if (intersectArea > bestIntersectArea)
                {
                    bestOutput.Swap(output);
                    bestIntersectArea = intersectArea;
                }
            }
        }

        if (bestOutput)
        {
            ComPtr<IDXGIOutput6> output6;
            if (SUCCEEDED(bestOutput.As(&output6)))
            {
                DXGI_OUTPUT_DESC1 desc;
                ThrowIfFailed(output6->GetDesc1(&desc));

                if (desc.ColorSpace == DXGI_COLOR_SPACE_RGB_FULL_G2084_NONE_P2020)
                {
                    // Display output is HDR10.
                    isDisplayHDR10 = true;
                }
            }
        }
    }
#endif

    if ((m_options & c_EnableHDR) && isDisplayHDR10)
    {
        switch (m_backBufferFormat)
        {
        case DXGI_FORMAT_R10G10B10A2_UNORM:
            // The application creates the HDR10 signal.
            colorSpace = DXGI_COLOR_SPACE_RGB_FULL_G2084_NONE_P2020;
            break;

        case DXGI_FORMAT_R16G16B16A16_FLOAT:
            // The system creates the HDR10 signal; application uses linear values.
            colorSpace = DXGI_COLOR_SPACE_RGB_FULL_G10_NONE_P709;
            break;

        default:
            break;
        }
    }

    m_colorSpace = colorSpace;

    UINT colorSpaceSupport = 0;
    if (m_swapChain
        && SUCCEEDED(m_swapChain->CheckColorSpaceSupport(colorSpace, &colorSpaceSupport))
        && (colorSpaceSupport & DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_COLOR_SPACE_SUPPORT_FLAG_PRESENT))
    {
        ThrowIfFailed(m_swapChain->SetColorSpace1(colorSpace));
    }
}