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ClusterSet Demo

General information and auxiliary diagrams available at: https://www.slideshare.net/miguelgaraujo/disaster-recovery-with-mysql-innodb-clusterset-what-is-it-and-how-do-i-use-it

Pre-requisites

  • MySQL Server 8.0.28+
  • MySQL Shell 8.0.28+
  • MySQL Router 8.0.28+

MySQL Instances

  1. Deploy 9 MySQL Instances running on the following ports:
  • "Rome": 3331, 3332, 3333
  • "Brussels": 4441, 4442, 4443
  • "Lisbon": 5551, 5552, 5553
  1. Ensure the MySQL instances configuration is ready for InnoDB Cluster usage and create a cluster administration account

Example:

mysqlsh-js> dba.configureInstance("root@rome:3331", {clusterAdmin: "clusteradmin"})

Demo

Create standalone cluster

$ mysqlsh
mysqlsh-js> \c clusteradmin@rome:3331
mysqlsh-js> rom = dba.createCluster("ROM")
mysqlsh-js> rom.addInstance("rome:3332")
mysqlsh-js> rom.addInstance("rome:3333")

Create a Router administration account

mysqlsh-js> rom.setupRouterAccount("routeradmin")

Bootstrap and start the Router

$ mysqlrouter --bootstrap clusteradmin@rome:3331 -d router_rome --name="router_rome" --account=routeradmin --report-host=rome
$ ./router_rome/start.sh

NOTE: Check router's log:

$ tail -f router_rome/log/mysqlrouter.log

Start RW and RO applications

$ python app_rw.py
$ python app_ro.py

Create ClusterSet

mysqlsh-js> cs = rom.createClusterSet("clusterset")

Verify ClusterSet topology

mysqlsh-js> cs.describe()
mysqlsh-js> cs.status()
mysqlsh-js> cs.listRouters()

NOTE: Notice in the output of listRouters() and in Router's log a warning mentioning that a re-bootstrap must be performed to ensure the ideal configurations are in place.

Re-Bootstrap the Router:

$ ./router_rome/stop.sh
$ mysqlrouter --bootstrap clusteradmin@rome:3331 -d router_rome --name="router_rome" --account=routeradmin --report-host=rome --force
$ ./router_rome/start.sh

Create Replica Clusters

Brussels Replica Cluster

mysqlsh-js> bru = cs.createReplicaCluster("brussels:4441", "BRU")
mysqlsh-js> bru.addInstance("brussels:4442")
mysqlsh-js> bru.addInstance("brussels:4443")

Lisbon Replica Cluster

mysqlsh-js> lis = cs.createReplicaCluster("lisbon:5551", "LIS")
mysqlsh-js> lis.addInstance("lisbon:5552")
mysqlsh-js> lis.addInstance("lisbon:5553")

Check ClusterSet Status and Individual Cluster Status + Extended Status

mysqlsh-js> cs.status()
mysqlsh-js> cs.status({extended: 1})
mysqlsh-js> bru.status()
mysqlsh-js> lis.status()
mysqlsh-js> rom.status()

Change Individual Clusters Primary Instance

mysqlsh-js> bru.setPrimaryInstance("brussels:4442")
mysqlsh-js> rom.setPrimaryInstance("rome:3332")

NOTE: Verify Router's changing the RW traffic to rome:3332 now.

Change ClusterSet Primary Cluster - Switchover

mysqlsh-js> cs.setPrimaryCluster("BRU")

NOTE: Verify Router adapting automatically, RW traffic going to brussels:4442 now (the primary instance of the primary Cluster)

Check Routing Policies

mysqlsh-js> cs.routingOptions()

NOTE: There are two possible routing policies: target_cluster (default value primary) and invalidated_cluster_policy (default value drop_all)

Change Global target_cluster Routing policy

mysqlsh-js> cs.setRoutingOption("target_cluster", "ROM")

NOTE: Write traffic is now rejected by the Router since the Router's target_cluster is now ROM that is a Replica Cluster.

Change the Primary Cluster

mysqlsh-js> cs.setPrimaryCluster("ROM")

NOTE: Router accepts RW traffic now since ROM became the Primary Cluster

Switch back the global routing policy to follow the primary Cluster

mysqlsh-js> cs.setRoutingOption("target_cluster", "primary")

Disasters

Kill primary instance of "ROM"

Send a SIGKILL to the primary member of ROM that is at the moment rome:3332.

Example:

$ kill -9 $(ps aux | grep 'mysqld' | grep 3332 | awk '{print $2}')

NOTE: Verify how the ClusterSet replication channel was automatically re-established to the newly elected primary instance of ROM and how Router is sending the RW traffic to it.

Kill primary instance of "BRU" Send a SIGKILL to the primary member of ROM that is at the moment brussels:4442.

Example:

$ kill -9 $(ps aux | grep 'mysqld' | grep 4442 | awk '{print $2}')

NOTE: Verify the ClusterSet replication channel was automatically re-established from the newly elected primary of BRU to the primary member of ROM

SPLIT-BRAIN

Use IPTables to simulate a network partition.

Example:

$ sudo iptables -A INPUT -s lisbon -j REJECT;
$ sudo iptables -A INPUT -s brussels -j REJECT;

Fence Primary Cluster "ROM" from Write Traffic

mysqlsh-js> rom.fenceWrites()

Force Failover of the Primary Cluster

Perform a forced failover to Brussels:

mysqlsh-js> \c clusteradmin@brussels:4441
mysqlsh-js> cs = dba.getClusterSet()
mysqlsh-js> cs.forcePrimaryCluster("BRU")

Verify the status after the failover is successful

mysqlsh-js> bru = dba.getCluster()
mysqlsh-js> bru.status()
mysqlsh-js> cs.status()

Resolve the network partition and rejoin ROM back to the ClusterSet

$ sudo iptables -F

NOTE: Verify the Cluster is marked as INVALIDATED in the ClusterSet and must be either removed from it or rejoined:

mysqlsh-js> cs.status()

Rejoin the Cluster back to the ClusterSet

mysqlsh-js> cs.rejoinCluster("ROM")
mysqlsh-js> cs.status()

Rebooting from Complete Outage a Replica Cluster

Another possible disaster is a full outage of a Cluster.

Kill the whole Cluster "ROM"

Send a SIGKILL to all members of ROM.

Example:

$ kill -9 $(ps aux | grep 'mysqld' | grep 3331 | awk '{print $2}'

Verify the Cluster is marked as offline in the ClusterSet:

mysql-js> cs.status()

Start all "ROM" instances:

  • rome:3331
  • rome:3332
  • rome:3333

Reboot the Cluster from Complete Outage

mysqlsh-js> \c clusteradmin@rome:3331
mysqlsh-js> rom = dba.rebootClusterFromCompleteOutage()

mysqlsh-js> cs.status()

NOTE: Verify the Cluster is marked as INVALIDATED in the ClusterSet and must be either removed from it or rejoined

Rejoin the Cluster back to the ClusterSet

mysqlsh-js> cs.rejoinCluster("ROM")
mysqlsh-js> cs.status()