diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index 8295764350..1b1a7be893 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -1983,6 +1983,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "log",
  "mina-curves",
  "mina-poseidon",
+ "num-bigint",
  "o1-utils",
  "os_pipe",
  "poly-commitment",
diff --git a/o1vm/Cargo.toml b/o1vm/Cargo.toml
index 1e57ce7c0d..20e19349c8 100644
--- a/o1vm/Cargo.toml
+++ b/o1vm/Cargo.toml
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ libflate.workspace = true
 log.workspace = true
 mina-curves.workspace = true
 mina-poseidon.workspace = true
+num-bigint.workspace = true
 o1-utils.workspace = true
 os_pipe.workspace = true
 poly-commitment.workspace = true
diff --git a/o1vm/src/interpreters/mips/tests_helpers.rs b/o1vm/src/interpreters/mips/tests_helpers.rs
index 1682196588..ba3e096316 100644
--- a/o1vm/src/interpreters/mips/tests_helpers.rs
+++ b/o1vm/src/interpreters/mips/tests_helpers.rs
@@ -7,14 +7,14 @@ use crate::{
     },
     preimage_oracle::PreImageOracleT,
 };
+use ark_ff::Zero;
+use num_bigint::BigUint;
 use rand::{CryptoRng, Rng, RngCore};
 use std::{fs, path::PathBuf};
 
 // FIXME: we should parametrize the tests with different fields.
 use ark_bn254::Fr as Fp;
 
-use super::column::{SCRATCH_SIZE, SCRATCH_SIZE_INVERSE};
-
 const PAGE_INDEX_EXECUTABLE_MEMORY: u32 = 1;
 
 pub(crate) struct OnDiskPreImageOracle;
@@ -90,8 +90,8 @@ where
         registers_write_index: Registers::default(),
         scratch_state_idx: 0,
         scratch_state_idx_inverse: 0,
-        scratch_state: [Fp::from(0); SCRATCH_SIZE],
-        scratch_state_inverse: [Fp::from(0); SCRATCH_SIZE_INVERSE],
+        scratch_state: std::array::from_fn(|_| BigUint::zero()),
+        scratch_state_inverse: std::array::from_fn(|_| BigUint::zero()),
         selector: crate::interpreters::mips::column::N_MIPS_SEL_COLS,
         halt: false,
         // Keccak related
diff --git a/o1vm/src/interpreters/mips/witness.rs b/o1vm/src/interpreters/mips/witness.rs
index 991b946c8d..48e32f30d1 100644
--- a/o1vm/src/interpreters/mips/witness.rs
+++ b/o1vm/src/interpreters/mips/witness.rs
@@ -24,10 +24,11 @@ use crate::{
     preimage_oracle::PreImageOracleT,
     utils::memory_size,
 };
-use ark_ff::Field;
+use ark_ff::{PrimeField, Zero};
 use core::panic;
-use kimchi::o1_utils::Two;
 use log::{debug, info};
+use num_bigint::BigUint;
+use o1_utils::FieldHelpers;
 use std::{
     array,
     fs::File,
@@ -69,7 +70,7 @@ impl SyscallEnv {
 /// machine has access to its internal state and some external memory. In
 /// addition to that, it has access to the environment of the Keccak interpreter
 /// that is used to verify the preimage requested during the execution.
-pub struct Env<Fp, PreImageOracle: PreImageOracleT> {
+pub struct Env<Fp: PrimeField, PreImageOracle: PreImageOracleT> {
     pub instruction_counter: u64,
     pub memory: Vec<(u32, Vec<u8>)>,
     pub last_memory_accesses: [usize; 3],
@@ -79,8 +80,8 @@ pub struct Env<Fp, PreImageOracle: PreImageOracleT> {
     pub registers_write_index: Registers<u64>,
     pub scratch_state_idx: usize,
     pub scratch_state_idx_inverse: usize,
-    pub scratch_state: [Fp; SCRATCH_SIZE],
-    pub scratch_state_inverse: [Fp; SCRATCH_SIZE_INVERSE],
+    pub scratch_state: [BigUint; SCRATCH_SIZE],
+    pub scratch_state_inverse: [BigUint; SCRATCH_SIZE_INVERSE],
     pub halt: bool,
     pub syscall_env: SyscallEnv,
     pub selector: usize,
@@ -92,11 +93,11 @@ pub struct Env<Fp, PreImageOracle: PreImageOracleT> {
     pub hash_counter: u64,
 }
 
-fn fresh_scratch_state<Fp: Field, const N: usize>() -> [Fp; N] {
-    array::from_fn(|_| Fp::zero())
+fn fresh_scratch_state<const N: usize>() -> [BigUint; N] {
+    array::from_fn(|_| BigUint::zero())
 }
 
-impl<Fp: Field, PreImageOracle: PreImageOracleT> InterpreterEnv for Env<Fp, PreImageOracle> {
+impl<Fp: PrimeField, PreImageOracle: PreImageOracleT> InterpreterEnv for Env<Fp, PreImageOracle> {
     type Position = Column;
 
     fn alloc_scratch(&mut self) -> Self::Position {
@@ -325,11 +326,7 @@ impl<Fp: Field, PreImageOracle: PreImageOracleT> InterpreterEnv for Env<Fp, PreI
         };
         // write the non deterministic advice inv_or_zero
         let pos = self.alloc_scratch_inverse();
-        if *x == 0 {
-            self.write_field_column(pos, Fp::zero());
-        } else {
-            self.write_field_column(pos, Fp::from(*x));
-        };
+        self.write_biguint_column(pos, BigUint::from(*x));
         // return the result
         res
     }
@@ -337,19 +334,20 @@ impl<Fp: Field, PreImageOracle: PreImageOracleT> InterpreterEnv for Env<Fp, PreI
     fn equal(&mut self, x: &Self::Variable, y: &Self::Variable) -> Self::Variable {
         // We replicate is_zero(x-y), but working on field elt,
         // to avoid subtraction overflow in the witness interpreter for u32
-        let to_zero_test = Fp::from(*x) - Fp::from(*y);
         let res = {
             let pos = self.alloc_scratch();
-            let is_zero: u64 = if to_zero_test == Fp::zero() { 1 } else { 0 };
+            let is_zero: u64 = if x == y { 1 } else { 0 };
             self.write_column(pos, is_zero);
             is_zero
         };
         let pos = self.alloc_scratch_inverse();
-        if to_zero_test == Fp::zero() {
-            self.write_field_column(pos, Fp::zero());
+        if x > y {
+            let res = BigUint::from(x - y);
+            self.write_biguint_column(pos, res);
         } else {
-            self.write_field_column(pos, to_zero_test);
-        };
+            let res = Fp::modulus_biguint().clone() - BigUint::from(y - x);
+            self.write_biguint_column(pos, res)
+        }
         res
     }
 
@@ -739,10 +737,10 @@ impl<Fp: Field, PreImageOracle: PreImageOracleT> InterpreterEnv for Env<Fp, PreI
 
             // Store preimage key in the witness excluding the MSB as 248 bits
             // so it can be used for the communication channel between Keccak
-            let bytes31 = (1..32).fold(Fp::zero(), |acc, i| {
-                acc * Fp::two_pow(8) + Fp::from(self.preimage_key.unwrap()[i])
+            let bytes31 = (1..32).fold(BigUint::zero(), |acc, i| {
+                acc * BigUint::from((1 << 8) as u32) + BigUint::from(self.preimage_key.unwrap()[i])
             });
-            self.write_field_column(Self::Position::ScratchState(MIPS_PREIMAGE_KEY), bytes31);
+            self.write_biguint_column(Self::Position::ScratchState(MIPS_PREIMAGE_KEY), bytes31);
 
             debug!("Preimage has been read entirely, triggering Keccak process");
             self.keccak_env = Some(KeccakEnv::<Fp>::new(
@@ -819,7 +817,7 @@ impl<Fp: Field, PreImageOracle: PreImageOracleT> InterpreterEnv for Env<Fp, PreI
     }
 }
 
-impl<Fp: Field, PreImageOracle: PreImageOracleT> Env<Fp, PreImageOracle> {
+impl<Fp: PrimeField, PreImageOracle: PreImageOracleT> Env<Fp, PreImageOracle> {
     pub fn create(page_size: usize, state: State, preimage_oracle: PreImageOracle) -> Self {
         let initial_instruction_pointer = state.pc;
         let next_instruction_pointer = state.next_pc;
@@ -906,10 +904,10 @@ impl<Fp: Field, PreImageOracle: PreImageOracleT> Env<Fp, PreImageOracle> {
     }
 
     pub fn write_column(&mut self, column: Column, value: u64) {
-        self.write_field_column(column, value.into())
+        self.write_biguint_column(column, value.into())
     }
 
-    pub fn write_field_column(&mut self, column: Column, value: Fp) {
+    pub fn write_biguint_column(&mut self, column: Column, value: BigUint) {
         match column {
             Column::ScratchState(idx) => self.scratch_state[idx] = value,
             Column::ScratchStateInverse(idx) => self.scratch_state_inverse[idx] = value,
diff --git a/o1vm/src/legacy/main.rs b/o1vm/src/legacy/main.rs
index 749f5722b6..da7e25f295 100644
--- a/o1vm/src/legacy/main.rs
+++ b/o1vm/src/legacy/main.rs
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ pub fn main() -> ExitCode {
         for i in 0..N_MIPS_REL_COLS {
             match i.cmp(&SCRATCH_SIZE) {
                 Ordering::Less => mips_trace.trace.get_mut(&instr).unwrap().witness.cols[i]
-                    .push(mips_wit_env.scratch_state[i]),
+                    .push(mips_wit_env.scratch_state[i].clone().into()),
                 Ordering::Equal => mips_trace.trace.get_mut(&instr).unwrap().witness.cols[i]
                     .push(Fp::from(mips_wit_env.instruction_counter)),
                 Ordering::Greater => {
diff --git a/o1vm/src/pickles/main.rs b/o1vm/src/pickles/main.rs
index 5083d7d58d..e273d4e022 100644
--- a/o1vm/src/pickles/main.rs
+++ b/o1vm/src/pickles/main.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-use ark_ff::UniformRand;
 use kimchi::circuits::domains::EvaluationDomains;
 use kimchi_msm::expr::E;
 use log::debug;
@@ -7,6 +6,7 @@ use mina_poseidon::{
     constants::PlonkSpongeConstantsKimchi,
     sponge::{DefaultFqSponge, DefaultFrSponge},
 };
+use num_bigint::BigUint;
 use o1vm::{
     cannon::{self, Meta, Start, State},
     cannon_cli,
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ pub fn main() -> ExitCode {
         constraints
     };
 
-    let mut curr_proof_inputs: ProofInputs<Vesta> = ProofInputs::new(DOMAIN_SIZE);
+    let mut curr_proof_inputs: ProofInputs = ProofInputs::new(DOMAIN_SIZE);
     while !mips_wit_env.halt {
         let _instr: Instruction = mips_wit_env.step(&configuration, &meta, &start);
         for (scratch, scratch_chunk) in mips_wit_env
@@ -103,26 +103,28 @@ pub fn main() -> ExitCode {
             .iter()
             .zip(curr_proof_inputs.evaluations.scratch.iter_mut())
         {
-            scratch_chunk.push(*scratch);
+            scratch_chunk.push(scratch.clone());
         }
         for (scratch, scratch_chunk) in mips_wit_env
             .scratch_state_inverse
             .iter()
             .zip(curr_proof_inputs.evaluations.scratch_inverse.iter_mut())
         {
-            scratch_chunk.push(*scratch);
+            scratch_chunk.push(scratch.clone());
         }
         curr_proof_inputs
             .evaluations
             .instruction_counter
-            .push(Fp::from(mips_wit_env.instruction_counter));
+            .push(BigUint::from(mips_wit_env.instruction_counter));
         // FIXME: Might be another value
-        curr_proof_inputs.evaluations.error.push(Fp::rand(&mut rng));
-
         curr_proof_inputs
             .evaluations
-            .selector
-            .push(Fp::from((mips_wit_env.selector - N_MIPS_REL_COLS) as u64));
+            .error
+            .push(BigUint::from(42_u32));
+
+        curr_proof_inputs.evaluations.selector.push(BigUint::from(
+            (mips_wit_env.selector - N_MIPS_REL_COLS) as u64,
+        ));
 
         if curr_proof_inputs.evaluations.instruction_counter.len() == DOMAIN_SIZE {
             // FIXME
diff --git a/o1vm/src/pickles/proof.rs b/o1vm/src/pickles/proof.rs
index 40529a3409..14854f620e 100644
--- a/o1vm/src/pickles/proof.rs
+++ b/o1vm/src/pickles/proof.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 use kimchi::{curve::KimchiCurve, proof::PointEvaluations};
+use num_bigint::BigUint;
 use poly_commitment::{ipa::OpeningProof, PolyComm};
 
 use crate::interpreters::mips::column::{N_MIPS_SEL_COLS, SCRATCH_SIZE, SCRATCH_SIZE_INVERSE};
@@ -11,11 +12,11 @@ pub struct WitnessColumns<G, S> {
     pub selector: S,
 }
 
-pub struct ProofInputs<G: KimchiCurve> {
-    pub evaluations: WitnessColumns<Vec<G::ScalarField>, Vec<G::ScalarField>>,
+pub struct ProofInputs {
+    pub evaluations: WitnessColumns<Vec<BigUint>, Vec<BigUint>>,
 }
 
-impl<G: KimchiCurve> ProofInputs<G> {
+impl ProofInputs {
     pub fn new(domain_size: usize) -> Self {
         ProofInputs {
             evaluations: WitnessColumns {
diff --git a/o1vm/src/pickles/prover.rs b/o1vm/src/pickles/prover.rs
index dc0ac2dd08..0a3cb07b59 100644
--- a/o1vm/src/pickles/prover.rs
+++ b/o1vm/src/pickles/prover.rs
@@ -15,7 +15,8 @@ use kimchi::{
 };
 use log::debug;
 use mina_poseidon::{sponge::ScalarChallenge, FqSponge};
-use o1_utils::ExtendedDensePolynomial;
+use num_bigint::BigUint;
+use o1_utils::{ExtendedDensePolynomial, FieldHelpers};
 use poly_commitment::{
     commitment::{absorb_commitment, PolyComm},
     ipa::{DensePolynomialOrEvaluations, OpeningProof, SRS},
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ pub fn prove<
 >(
     domain: EvaluationDomains<G::ScalarField>,
     srs: &SRS<G>,
-    inputs: ProofInputs<G>,
+    inputs: ProofInputs,
     constraints: &[E<G::ScalarField>],
     rng: &mut RNG,
 ) -> Result<Proof<G>, ProverError>
@@ -93,19 +94,23 @@ where
         let domain_size = domain.d1.size as usize;
 
         // Build the selectors
-        let selector: [Vec<G::ScalarField>; N_MIPS_SEL_COLS] = array::from_fn(|i| {
+        let selector: [Vec<BigUint>; N_MIPS_SEL_COLS] = array::from_fn(|i| {
             let mut s_i = Vec::with_capacity(domain_size);
             for s in &selector {
-                s_i.push(if G::ScalarField::from(i as u64) == *s {
-                    G::ScalarField::one()
+                s_i.push(if BigUint::from(i as u64) == *s {
+                    BigUint::one()
                 } else {
-                    G::ScalarField::zero()
+                    BigUint::zero()
                 })
             }
             s_i
         });
 
-        let eval_col = |evals: Vec<G::ScalarField>| {
+        let eval_col = |evals: Vec<BigUint>| {
+            let evals: Vec<G::ScalarField> = evals
+                .into_par_iter()
+                .map(|x| G::ScalarField::from_biguint(&x).unwrap())
+                .collect();
             Evaluations::<G::ScalarField, D<G::ScalarField>>::from_vec_and_domain(evals, domain.d1)
                 .interpolate()
         };
@@ -113,9 +118,16 @@ where
         let scratch = scratch.into_par_iter().map(eval_col).collect::<Vec<_>>();
         let scratch_inverse = scratch_inverse
             .into_par_iter()
-            .map(|mut evals| {
+            .map(|evals| {
+                let mut evals: Vec<G::ScalarField> = evals
+                    .into_par_iter()
+                    .map(|x| G::ScalarField::from_biguint(&x).unwrap())
+                    .collect();
                 ark_ff::batch_inversion(&mut evals);
-                eval_col(evals)
+                Evaluations::<G::ScalarField, D<G::ScalarField>>::from_vec_and_domain(
+                    evals, domain.d1,
+                )
+                .interpolate()
             })
             .collect::<Vec<_>>();
         let selector = selector.into_par_iter().map(eval_col).collect::<Vec<_>>();
diff --git a/o1vm/src/pickles/tests.rs b/o1vm/src/pickles/tests.rs
index b4bb102dc7..ba2128055b 100644
--- a/o1vm/src/pickles/tests.rs
+++ b/o1vm/src/pickles/tests.rs
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ use mina_poseidon::{
     constants::PlonkSpongeConstantsKimchi,
     sponge::{DefaultFqSponge, DefaultFrSponge},
 };
+use num_bigint::BigUint;
 use o1_utils::tests::make_test_rng;
 use poly_commitment::SRS;
 use strum::IntoEnumIterator;
@@ -55,24 +56,24 @@ fn test_regression_constraints_with_selectors() {
     assert_eq!(max_degree, MAXIMUM_DEGREE_CONSTRAINTS);
 }
 
-fn zero_to_n_minus_one(n: usize) -> Vec<Fq> {
-    (0..n).map(|i| Fq::from((i) as u64)).collect()
+fn zero_to_n_minus_one(n: usize) -> Vec<BigUint> {
+    (0..n).map(|i| BigUint::from((i) as u64)).collect()
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn test_small_circuit() {
     let domain = EvaluationDomains::<Fq>::create(8).unwrap();
     let srs = SRS::create(8);
-    let proof_input = ProofInputs::<Pallas> {
+    let proof_input = ProofInputs {
         evaluations: WitnessColumns {
             scratch: std::array::from_fn(|_| zero_to_n_minus_one(8)),
-            scratch_inverse: std::array::from_fn(|_| (0..8).map(|_| Fq::zero()).collect()),
+            scratch_inverse: std::array::from_fn(|_| (0..8).map(|_| BigUint::zero()).collect()),
             instruction_counter: zero_to_n_minus_one(8)
                 .into_iter()
-                .map(|x| x + Fq::one())
+                .map(|x| x + BigUint::one())
                 .collect(),
             error: (0..8)
-                .map(|i| -Fq::from((i * SCRATCH_SIZE + (i + 1)) as u64))
+                .map(|i| BigUint::from((i * SCRATCH_SIZE + (i + 1)) as u64))
                 .collect(),
             selector: zero_to_n_minus_one(8),
         },