Support Fiber#raise after Fiber#transfer

[eregon]

See #2338 (comment)
@bjfish Could you try to implement that?
That's a Ruby 3 change, so we should add the spec in :next.

It does mean we'll need to mark as failing this spec:
https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/3795/files#diff-184b163e2d8d9c8d74755a749a8d21df6692d2af454e60d3a747fcc18cfbc2faR81
but I think that's fine, probably nothing relies on that exception.

[ioquatix]

Fiber#raise should use transfer if the fiber was previously transferred out. At least, that's my understanding of how it works currently in Ruby 3.x.

[bjfish]

I think this is implemented since the spec/test here are passing:
https://github.com/ruby/ruby/pull/3795/files#diff-184b163e2d8d9c8d74755a749a8d21df6692d2af454e60d3a747fcc18cfbc2faR81

Fiber#transfer behavior for Ruby 3 was implemented here:
d59b3fb

Additional Ruby 3 Fiber methods are still work in progress as tracked here:
#2453