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Release 22.11 (“Raccoon”, 2022.11/30) {#sec-release-22.11}

The NixOS release team is happy to announce a new version of NixOS 22.11. NixOS is a Linux distribution, whose set of packages can also be used on other Linux systems and macOS.

This release is supported until the end of June 2023, handing over to NixOS 23.05.

To upgrade to the latest release follow the upgrade chapter.

Highlights {#sec-release-22.11-highlights}

In addition to numerous new and upgraded packages, this release includes the following highlights:

  • Software that uses the crypt password hashing API is now using the implementation provided by libxcrypt instead of glibc's, which enables support for more secure algorithms.

    • Support for algorithms that libxcrypt does not consider strong are deprecated as of this release, and will be removed in NixOS 23.05.
    • This includes system login passwords. Given this, we strongly encourage all users to update their system passwords, as you will be unable to login if password hashes are not migrated by the time their support is removed.
      • When using users.users.<name>.hashedPassword to configure user passwords, run mkpasswd, and use the yescrypt hash that is provided as the new value.
      • On the other hand, for interactively configured user passwords, re-set the passwords for all users with passwd.
      • This release introduces warnings for the use of deprecated hash algorithms for both methods of configuring passwords. To make sure you migrated correctly, run nixos-rebuild switch.

  • The NixOS documentation is now generated from markdown. While docbook is still part of the documentation build process, it's a big step towards the full migration.

  • aarch64-linux is now included in the nixos-22.11 and nixos-22.11-small channels. This means that when those channel update, both x86_64-linux and aarch64-linux will be available in the binary cache.

  • aarch64-linux ISOs are now available on the downloads page.

  • nsncd is now available as a replacement of nscd.

    nscd is responsible for resolving hostnames, users and more in NixOS and has been a long standing source of bugs, such as sporadic network freezes.

    More context in this issue.

    Help us test the new implementation by setting services.nscd.enableNsncd to true.

    We plan to use nsncd by default in NixOS 23.05.

  • Linode cloud images are now supported by importing ${modulesPath}/virtualisation/linode-image.nix and accessing system.build.linodeImage on the output.

  • hardware.nvidia has a new option, hardware.nvidia.open, that can be used to enable the usage of NVIDIA's open-source kernel driver. Note that the driver's support for GeForce and Workstation GPUs is still alpha quality, see the release announcement for more information.

  • The emacs package now makes use of native compilation which means:

    • Emacs packages from Nixpkgs, builtin or not, will do native compilation ahead of time so you can enjoy the benefit of native compilation without compiling them on you machine;
    • Emacs packages from somewhere else, e.g. package-install, will perform asynchronously deferred native compilation. If you do not want this, maybe to avoid CPU consumption for compilation, you can use (setq native-comp-deferred-compilation nil) to disable it while still benefiting from native compilation for packages from Nixpkgs.

Internal changes {#sec-release-22.11-internal}

  • Haskell ghcWithPackages is now up to 15 times faster to evaluate, thanks to changing lib.closePropagation from a quadratic to linear complexity. Please see backward incompatibilities notes below. NixOS#194391

  • For cross-compilation targets that can also run on the building machine, we now run tests. This, for example, is the case for the pkgsStatic and pkgsLLVM package sets or i686 packages on x86_64 machines.

  • To simplify cross-compilation in NixOS, this release introduces the nixpkgs.hostPlatform and nixpkgs.buildPlatform options. These cover and override the nixpkgs.{system,localSystem,crossSystem} options.

    • hostPlatform is the platform or "system" string of the NixOS system described by the configuration.
    • buildPlatform is the platform that is responsible for building the NixOS configuration. It defaults to the hostPlatform, for a non-cross build configuration. To cross compile, set buildPlatform to a different value.

    The new options convey the same information, but with fewer options, and following the Nixpkgs terminology.

    The existing options nixpkgs.{system,localSystem,crossSystem} have not been formally deprecated, to allow for evaluation of the change and to allow for a transition period so that in time the ecosystem can switch without breaking compatibility with any supported NixOS release.

Notable version updates {#sec-release-22.11-version-updates}

  • Nix has been upgraded from v2.8.1 to v2.11.0. For more information, please see the release notes for 2.9, 2.10 and 2.11.

  • OpenSSL now defaults to OpenSSL 3, updated from 1.1.1.

  • GNOME has been upgraded to version 43. Please see the release notes for details.

  • KDE Plasma has been upgraded from v5.24 to v5.26. Please see the release notes for v5.25 and v5.26 for more details on the included changes.

  • Cinnamon has been updated to 5.4, and the Cinnamon module now defaults to Blueman as the Bluetooth manager and slick-greeter as the LightDM greeter, to match upstream.

  • PHP now defaults to PHP 8.1, updated from 8.0.

  • Perl has been updated to 5.36, and its core module HTTP::Tiny was patched to verify SSL/TLS certificates by default.

  • Python now defaults to 3.10, updated from 3.9.

Backward Incompatibilities {#sec-release-22.11-incompatibilities}

  • Nixpkgs now requires Nix 2.3 or newer.

  • The isCompatible predicate checking CPU compatibility is no longer exposed by the platform sets generated using lib.systems.elaborate. In most cases you will want to use the new canExecute predicate instead which also takes the kernel / syscall interface into account. lib.systems.parse.isCompatible still exists, but has changed semantically: Architectures with differing endianness modes are no longer considered compatible.

  • ngrok has been upgraded from 2.3.40 to 3.0.4. Please see the upgrade guide and changelog. Notably, breaking changes are that the config file format has changed and support for single hyphen arguments was dropped.

  • i18n.supportedLocales is now only generated with the locales set in i18n.defaultLocale and i18n.extraLocaleSettings.

    • This reduces the final system closure size by up to 200MB.
    • If you require all locales installed, set the option to [ "all" ].

  • Deprecated settings logrotate.paths and logrotate.extraConfig have been removed. Please convert any uses to services.logrotate.settings instead.

  • The isPowerPC predicate, found on platform attrsets (hostPlatform, buildPlatform, targetPlatform, etc) has been removed in order to reduce confusion. The predicate was was defined such that it matches only the 32-bit big-endian members of the POWER/PowerPC family, despite having a name which would imply a broader set of systems. If you were using this predicate, you can replace foo.isPowerPC with (with foo; isPower && is32bit && isBigEndian).

  • The fetchgit fetcher now uses cone mode by default for sparse checkouts. Non-cone mode can be enabled by passing nonConeMode = true, but note that non-cone mode is deprecated and this option may be removed alongside a future Git update without notice.

  • The fetchgit fetcher supports sparse checkouts via the sparseCheckout option. This used to accept a multi-line string with directories/patterns to check out, but now requires a list of strings.

  • openssh was updated to version 9.1, disabling the generation of DSA keys when using ssh-keygen -A as they are insecure. Also, SetEnv directives in ssh_config and sshd_config are now first-match-wins.

  • bsp-layout no longer uses the command cycle to switch to other window layouts, as it got replaced by the commands previous and next.

  • The Barco ClickShare driver/client package pkgs.clickshare-csc1 and the option programs.clickshare-csc1.enable have been removed, as it requires qt4, which reached its end-of-life 2015 and will no longer be supported by nixpkgs. According to Barco many of their base unit models can be used with Google Chrome and the Google Cast extension.

  • services.hbase has been renamed to services.hbase-standalone. For production HBase clusters, use services.hadoop.hbase instead.

  • The p4 package now only includes the open-source Perforce Helix Core command-line client and APIs. It no longer installs the unfree Helix Core Server binaries p4d, p4broker, and p4p. To install the Helix Core Server binaries, use the p4d package instead.

  • The OpenSSL extension for the PHP interpreter used by Nextcloud is built against OpenSSL 1.1 if is below 22.11. This is to make sure that people using server-side encryption don't lose access to their files.

    In any other case, it's safe to use OpenSSL 3 for PHP's OpenSSL extension. This can be done by setting services.nextcloud.enableBrokenCiphersForSSE to false.

  • The coq package and versioned variants starting at coq_8_14 no longer include CoqIDE, which is now available through coqPackages.coqide. It is still possible to get CoqIDE as part of the coq package by overriding the buildIde argument of the derivation.

  • PHP 7.4 is no longer supported due to upstream not supporting this version for the entire lifecycle of the 22.11 release.

  • The ipfs package and module were renamed to kubo. The kubo module now uses an RFC42-style settings option instead of extraConfig and the gatewayAddress, apiAddress and swarmAddress options were renamed. Using the old names will print a warning but still work.

  • pkgs.cosign does not provide the cosigned binary anymore. The sget binary has been moved into its own package.

  • Emacs now uses the Lucid toolkit by default instead of GTK because of stability and compatibility issues. Users who still wish to remain using GTK can do so by using emacs-gtk.

  • kanidm has been updated to 1.1.0-alpha.10 and now requires a TLS certificate and key. It will always start https and-–-if enabled-–-an LDAPS server and no HTTP and LDAP server anymore.

  • riak package removed along with services.riak module, due to lack of maintainer to update the package.

  • ppd files in pkgs.cups-drv-rastertosag-gdi are now gzipped. If you refer to such a ppd file with its path (e.g. via hardware.printers.ensurePrinters) you will need to append .gz to the path.

  • xow package removed along with the hardware.xow module, due to the project being deprecated in favor of xone, which is available via the hardware.xone module.

  • dd-agent package removed along with the services.dd-agent module, due to the project being deprecated in favor of datadog-agent, which is available via the services.datadog-agent module.

  • teleport has been upgraded to major version 10. Please see upstream upgrade instructions and release notes.

  • lib.closePropagation now needs that all gathered sets have an outPath attribute.

  • lemmy module option services.lemmy.settings.database.createLocally moved to services.lemmy.database.createLocally.

  • virtlyst package and services.virtlyst module removed, due to lack of maintainers.

  • The nix.checkConfig option now fully disables the config check. The new nix.checkAllErrors option behaves like nix.checkConfig previously did.

  • generateOptparseApplicativeCompletions and generateOptparseApplicativeCompletion from haskell.lib.compose (and haskell.lib) have been deprecated in favor of generateOptparseApplicativeCompletions (plural!) as provided by the haskell package sets (so haskellPackages.generateOptparseApplicativeCompletions etc.). The latter allows for cross-compilation (by automatically disabling generation of completion in the cross case). For it to work properly you need to make sure that the function comes from the same context as the package you are trying to override, i.e. always use the same package set as your package is coming from or – even better – use self.generateOptparseApplicativeCompletions if you are overriding a haskell package set. The old functions are retained for backwards compatibility, but yield are warning.

  • The services.graphite.api and services.graphite.beacon NixOS options, and the python3.pkgs.graphite_api, python3.pkgs.graphite_beacon and python3.pkgs.influxgraph packages, have been removed due to lack of upstream maintenance.

  • The trace binary from perf-linux package has been removed, due to being a duplicate of the perf binary.

  • The aws package has been removed due to being abandoned by the upstream. It is recommended to use awscli or awscli2 instead.

  • The CEmu TI-84 Plus CE emulator package has been renamed to cemu-ti. The Cemu Wii U emulator is now packaged as cemu.

  • systemd-networkd v250 deprecated, renamed, and moved some sections and settings which leads to the following breaking module changes:

    • systemd.network.networks.<name>.dhcpV6PrefixDelegationConfig is renamed to systemd.network.networks.<name>.dhcpPrefixDelegationConfig.
    • systemd.network.networks.<name>.dhcpV6Config no longer accepts the ForceDHCPv6PDOtherInformation= setting. Please use the WithoutRA= and UseDelegatedPrefix= settings in your systemd.network.networks.<name>.dhcpV6Config and the DHCPv6Client= setting in your systemd.network.networks.<name>.ipv6AcceptRAConfig to control when the DHCPv6 client is started and how the delegated prefixes are handled by the DHCPv6 client.
    • systemd.network.networks.<name>.networkConfig no longer accepts the IPv6Token= setting. Use the Token= setting in your systemd.network.networks.<name>.ipv6AcceptRAConfig instead. The systemd.network.networks.<name>.ipv6Prefixes.*.ipv6PrefixConfig now also accepts the Token= setting.

  • arangodb versions 3.3, 3.4, and 3.5 have been removed because they are at EOL upstream. The default is now 3.10.0. Support for aarch64-linux has been removed since the target cannot be built reproducibly. By default arangodb is now built for the haswell architecture. If you wish to build for a different architecture, you may override the targetArchitecture argument with a value from this list supported upstream. Some architecture specific optimizations are also conditionally enabled. You may alter this behavior by overriding the asmOptimizations parameter. You may also add additional architecture support by adding more -DHAS_XYZ flags to cmakeFlags via overrideAttrs.

  • The meta.mainProgram attribute of packages in wineWowPackages now defaults to "wine64".

  • The paperless module now defaults PAPERLESS_TIME_ZONE to your configured system timezone.

  • The top-level termonad-with-packages alias for termonad has been removed.

  • Linux 4.9 has been removed because it will reach its end of life within the lifespan of 22.11.

  • (Neo)Vim can not be configured with configure.pathogen anymore to reduce maintenance burden. Use configure.packages instead.

  • Neovim can not be configured with plug anymore (still works for vim).

  • The adguardhome module no longer uses host and port options, use settings.bind_host and settings.bind_port instead.

  • The default kops version is now 1.25.1 and support for 1.22 and older has been dropped.

  • The zrepl package has been updated from 0.5.0 to 0.6.0. See the changelog for details.

  • k3s no longer supports Docker as runtime due to upstream dropping support.

  • cassandra_2_1 and cassandra_2_2 have been removed. Please update to cassandra_3_11 or cassandra_3_0. See the changelog for more information about the upgrade process.

  • mysql57 has been removed. Please update to mysql80 or mariadb. See the upgrade guide for more information.

  • Consequently, cqrlog and amorok now use mariadb instead of mysql57 for their embedded databases. Running mysql_upgrade may be necessary.

  • k3s supports clusterInit option, and it is enabled by default, for servers.

  • percona-server56 has been removed. Please migrate to mysql or mariadb if possible.

  • obs-studio hase been updated to version 28. If you have packaged custom plugins, check if they are compatible. obs-websocket has been integrated into obs-studio.

  • signald has been bumped to 0.23.0. For the upgrade, a migration process is necessary. It can be done by running a command like this before starting signald.service:

    signald -d /var/lib/signald/db \
  --database sqlite:/var/lib/signald/db \
  --migrate-data

    For further information, please read the upstream changelogs.

  • stylua no longer accepts lua52Support and luauSupport overrides. Use features instead, which defaults to [ "lua54" "luau" ].

  • ocamlPackages.ocaml_extlib has been renamed to ocamlPackages.extlib.

  • pkgs.fetchNextcloudApp has been rewritten to circumvent impurities in e.g. tarballs from GitHub and to make it easier to apply patches. This means that your hashes are out-of-date and the (previously required) attributes name and version are no longer accepted.

  • The Syncthing service now only allows absolute paths---starting with / or ~/---for services.syncthing.folders.<name>.path. In a future release other paths will be allowed again and interpreted relative to services.syncthing.dataDir.

  • services.github-runner and services.github-runners.<name> gained the option serviceOverrides which allows overriding the systemd serviceConfig. If you have been overriding the systemd service configuration (i.e., by defining systemd.services.github-runner.serviceConfig), you have to use the serviceOverrides option now. Example:

    {
  services.github-runner.serviceOverrides.SupplementaryGroups = [
    "docker"
  ];
}

Other Notable Changes {#sec-release-22.11-notable-changes}

  • PHP is now built in NTS (Non-Thread Safe) mode by default.

    • For Apache and mod_php usage, we enable ZTS (Zend Thread Safe) mode. This has been a common practice for a long time in other distributions.

  • firefox, thunderbird and librewolf now come with Wayland support by default. The firefox-wayland, firefox-esr-wayland, thunderbird-wayland and librewolf-wayland attributes are obsolete and have been aliased to their generic attribute.

  • The xplr package has been updated from 0.18.0 to 0.19.0, which brings some breaking changes. See the upstream release notes for more details.

  • Configuring multiple GitHub runners is now possible through services.github-runners.<name>. The options under services.github-runner remain, to configure a single runner.

  • github-runner gained support for ephemeral runners and registrations using a personal access token (PAT) instead of a registration token. See services.github-runner.ephemeral and services.github-runner.tokenFile for details.

  • A new module was added to provide hardware support for the Saleae Logic device family, providing the options hardware.saleae-logic.enable and hardware.saleae-logic.package.

  • ZFS module will no longer allow hibernation by default.

    • This is a safety measure to prevent data loss cases like the ones described at OpenZFS/260 and OpenZFS/12842.
    • Use the boot.zfs.allowHibernation option to configure this behaviour.

  • Mastodon now automatically removes remote media attachments older than 30 days. This is configurable through services.mastodon.mediaAutoRemove.

  • The Redis module now disables RDB persistence when services.redis.servers.<name>.save = [] instead of using the Redis default.

  • Neo4j was updated from version 3 to version 4. See upstream's migration guide for information on how to migrate your instance.

  • The networking.wireguard module now can set the mtu on interfaces and tag its packets with an fwmark.

  • The option overrideStrategy was added to the different systemd unit options (systemd.services.<name>, systemd.sockets.<name>, …) to allow enforcing the creation of a dropin file, rather than the main unit file, by setting it to asDropin. This is useful in cases where the existence of the main unit file is not known to Nix at evaluation time, for example when the main unit file is provided by adding a package to systemd.packages. See the fix proposed in NixOS's systemd abstraction doesn't work with systemd template units for an example.

  • The polymc package has been removed due to a rogue maintainer. It has been replaced by prismlauncher, a fork by the rest of the maintainers. For more details, see the PR that made this change and the issue detailing the vulnerability. Users with existing installations should rename ~/.local/share/polymc to ~/.local/share/PrismLauncher. The main config file's path has also moved from ~/.local/share/polymc/polymc.cfg to ~/.local/share/PrismLauncher/prismlauncher.cfg.

  • The bloat package has been updated from unstable-2022-03-31 to unstable-2022-10-25, which brings a breaking change. See this upstream commit message for details.

  • Synapse's systemd unit has been hardened.

  • The module services.grafana was refactored to be compliant with RFC 0042. To be precise, this means that the following things have changed:

  • The services.grafana.provision.alerting option was added. It includes suboptions for every alerting-related objects (with the exception of notifiers), which means it's now possible to configure modern Grafana alerting declaratively.

  • Synapse now requires entries in the state_group_edges table to be unique, in order to prevent accidentally introducing duplicate information (for example, because a database backup was restored multiple times). If your Synapse database already has duplicate rows in this table, this could fail with an error and require manual remediation.

  • The diamond package has been update from 0.8.36 to 2.0.15. See the upstream release notes for more details.

  • The guake package has been updated from 3.6.3 to 3.9.0, see the changelog for more details.

  • The netlify-cli package has been updated from 6.13.2 to 12.2.4, see the changelog for more details.

  • dockerTools.buildImage's contents parameter has been deprecated in favor of copyToRoot. Use copyToRoot = buildEnv { ... }; or similar if you intend to add packages to /bin.

  • The proxmox.qemuConf.bios option was added, it corresponds to Hardware->BIOS field in Proxmox web interface. Use "ovmf" value to build UEFI image, default value remains "bios". New option proxmox.partitionTableType defaults to either "legacy" or "efi", depending on the bios value. Setting partitionTableType to "hybrid" results in an image, which supports both methods ("bios" and "ovmf"), thereby remaining bootable after change to Proxmox Hardware->BIOS field.

  • memtest86+ was updated from 5.00-coreboot-002 to 6.00-beta2. It is now the upstream version from https://www.memtest.org/, as coreboot's fork is no longer available.

  • Option descriptions, examples, and defaults writing in DocBook are now deprecated. Using CommonMark is preferred and will become the default in a future release.

  • The documentation.nixos.options.allowDocBook option was added to ease the transition to CommonMark option documentation. Setting this option to false causes an error for every option included in the manual that uses DocBook documentation; it defaults to true to preserve the previous behavior and will be removed once the transition to CommonMark is complete.

  • The Redis module now persists each instance's configuration file in the state directory, in order to support some more advanced use cases like Sentinel.

  • protonup has been aliased to and replaced by protonup-ng due to upstream not maintaining it.

  • The udisks2 service, available at services.udisks2.enable, is now disabled by default. It will automatically be enabled through services and desktop environments as needed. This also means that polkit will now actually be disabled by default. The default for security.polkit.enable was already flipped in the previous release, but udisks2 being enabled by default re-enabled it.

  • Nextcloud has been updated to version 25. Additionally the following things have changed for Nextcloud in NixOS:

    • For Nextcloud >=24, the default PHP version is 8.1.
    • Nextcloud 23 has been removed since it will reach its end of life in December 2022.
    • If system.stateVersion is >=22.11, Nextcloud 25 will be installed by default. For older versions, Nextcloud 24 will be installed.
    • Please ensure that you only upgrade one major release at a time! Nextcloud doesn't support upgrades across multiple versions, i.e. an upgrade from 23 to 25 is only possible when upgrading to 24 first.

  • systemd-oomd is enabled by default. Depending on which systemd units have ManagedOOMSwap=kill or ManagedOOMMemoryPressure=kill, systemd-oomd will SIGKILL all the processes under the appropriate descendant cgroups when the configured limits are exceeded. NixOS does currently not configure cgroups with oomd by default, this can be enabled using systemd.oomd.enableRootSlice, systemd.oomd.enableSystemSlice, and systemd.oomd.enableUserServices.

  • The tt-rss service performs two database migrations when you first use its web UI after upgrade. Consider backing up its database before updating.

  • The pass-secret-service package now includes systemd units from upstream, so adding it to the NixOS services.dbus.packages option will make it start automatically as a systemd user service when an application tries to talk to the libsecret D-Bus API.

  • The Wordpress module now has support for installing language packs through a new option, services.wordpress.sites.<site>.languages.

  • The default package for services.mullvad-vpn.package was changed to pkgs.mullvad, allowing cross-platform usage of Mullvad. pkgs.mullvad only contains the Mullvad CLI tool, so users who rely on the Mullvad GUI will want to change it back to pkgs.mullvad-vpn, or add pkgs.mullvad-vpn to their environment.

  • PowerDNS has been updated from v4.6.2 to v4.7.2. Please be sure to review the Upgrade Notes provided by upstream before upgrading. Worth specifically noting is that the new Catalog Zones feature comes with a mandatory schema change for the GSQL database backends, which has to be manually applied.

  • There is a new module for the thunar program (the Xfce file manager), which depends on the xfconf dbus service, and also has a dbus service and a systemd unit. The option services.xserver.desktopManager.xfce.thunarPlugins has been renamed to programs.thunar.plugins, and may be removed in a future release.

  • There is a new module for xfconf (the Xfce configuration storage system), which has a dbus service.

  • The Mastodon package has been upgraded to v4.0.0. See the v4.0.0 release notes for a list of changes. On standard setups, no manual migration steps are required. Nevertheless, a database backup is recommended.

  • The nomad package now defaults to v1.3, which no longer has a downgrade path to v1.2 or older.

  • The nodePackages package set now defaults to the LTS release in the nodejs package again, instead of being pinned to nodejs-14_x. Several updates to node2nix have been made for compatibility with newer Node.js and npm versions and a new postRebuild hook has been added for packages to perform extra build steps before the npm install step prunes dev dependencies.

  • boot.kernel.sysctl is defined as a freeformType and adds a custom merge option for net.core.rmem_max (taking the highest value defined to avoid conflicts between 2 services trying to set that value).

  • The mame package does not ship with its tools anymore in the default output. They were moved to a separate tools output instead. For convenience, mame-tools package was added for those who want to use it.

  • A NixOS module for Firefox has been added which allows preferences and policies to be set. This also allows extensions to be installed via the ExtensionSettings policy. The new options are under programs.firefox.

  • The option services.picom.experimentalBackends was removed since it is now the default and the option will cause picom to quit instead.

  • haskellPackages.callHackage is not always invalidated if all-cabal-hashes changes, leading to less rebuilds of haskell dependencies.

  • haskellPackages.callHackage and haskellPackages.callCabal2nix (and related functions) no longer keep a reference to the cabal2nix call used to generate them. As a result, they will be garbage collected more often.

New Services {#sec-release-22.11-new-services}