diff --git a/NEWS.md b/NEWS.md
index 62ff1afb7..c895e1fa2 100644
--- a/NEWS.md
+++ b/NEWS.md
@@ -10,6 +10,9 @@
   `Series`, `DataFrame`, and in the `$list` and `$arr` subnamespaces. For example,
   `pl$col("a", "b", "c")$to_struct()` should be replaced with
   `pl$struct(c("a", "b", "c"))` (#1092).
+- `pl$Struct()` now only accepts named inputs and objects of class `RPolarsField`.
+  For example, `pl$Struct(pl$Boolean)` doesn't work anymore and should be named
+  like `pl$Struct(a = pl$Boolean)` (#1053).
 
 ## Polars R Package 0.16.4
 
diff --git a/R/datatype.R b/R/datatype.R
index 4104ba3bc..3ba7951ae 100644
--- a/R/datatype.R
+++ b/R/datatype.R
@@ -212,15 +212,15 @@ DataType_Duration = function(time_unit = "us") {
 #' multiple ways to create columns of data type `Struct` in a `DataFrame` or
 #' a `Series`, see the examples.
 #'
-#' @param ... RPolarsDataType objects
-#' @return a list DataType with an inner DataType
+#' @param ... Either named inputs of the form `field_name = datatype` or objects
+#' of class `RPolarsField` created by [`pl$Field()`][pl_Field].
+#' @return A Struct DataType containing a list of Fields
 #' @examples
 #' # create a Struct-DataType
-#' pl$Struct(pl$Boolean)
-#' pl$Struct(foo = pl$Int32, bar = pl$Float64)
+#' pl$Struct(foo = pl$Int32, pl$Field("bar", pl$Boolean))
 #'
 #' # check if an element is any kind of Struct()
-#' test = pl$Struct(pl$UInt64)
+#' test = pl$Struct(a = pl$UInt64)
 #' pl$same_outer_dt(test, pl$Struct())
 #'
 #' # `test` is a type of Struct, but it doesn't mean it is equal to an empty Struct
@@ -252,34 +252,30 @@ DataType_Duration = function(time_unit = "us") {
 #'
 #' out$schema
 DataType_Struct = function(...) {
+  uw = \(res) unwrap(res, "in pl$Struct():")
+  err_message = Err_plain("`pl$Struct()` only accepts named inputs or input of class RPolarsField.")
   result({
     largs = list2(...)
     if (length(largs) >= 1 && is.list(largs[[1]])) {
       largs = largs[[1]]
-      element_name = "list element"
-    } else {
-      element_name = "positional argument"
     }
-    mapply(
-      names(largs) %||% character(length(largs)),
-      largs,
-      seq_along(largs),
-      FUN = \(name, arg, i) {
-        if (inherits(arg, "RPolarsDataType")) {
-          return(pl$Field(name, arg))
-        }
-        if (inherits(arg, "RPolarsRField")) {
-          return(arg)
-        }
-        stop(sprintf(
-          "%s [%s] {name:'%s', value:%s} must either be a Field (pl$Field) or a named DataType",
-          element_name, i, name, arg
-        ))
-      }, SIMPLIFY = FALSE
-    )
+    lapply(seq_along(largs), function(x) {
+      name = names(largs)[x]
+      dtype = largs[[x]]
+      if (inherits(dtype, "RPolarsRField")) {
+        return(dtype)
+      }
+      if (is.null(name)) {
+        err_message |> uw()
+      }
+      if (inherits(dtype, "RPolarsDataType")) {
+        return(pl$Field(name, dtype))
+      }
+      err_message |> uw()
+    })
   }) |>
     and_then(DataType$new_struct) |>
-    unwrap("in pl$Struct:")
+    uw()
 }
 
 #' Create Array DataType
diff --git a/man/DataType_Struct.Rd b/man/DataType_Struct.Rd
index 3870652a5..a2f9041d4 100644
--- a/man/DataType_Struct.Rd
+++ b/man/DataType_Struct.Rd
@@ -7,10 +7,11 @@
 DataType_Struct(...)
 }
 \arguments{
-\item{...}{RPolarsDataType objects}
+\item{...}{Either named inputs of the form \code{field_name = datatype} or objects
+of class \code{RPolarsField} created by \code{\link[=pl_Field]{pl$Field()}}.}
 }
 \value{
-a list DataType with an inner DataType
+A Struct DataType containing a list of Fields
 }
 \description{
 One can create a \code{Struct} data type with \code{pl$Struct()}. There are also
@@ -19,11 +20,10 @@ a \code{Series}, see the examples.
 }
 \examples{
 # create a Struct-DataType
-pl$Struct(pl$Boolean)
-pl$Struct(foo = pl$Int32, bar = pl$Float64)
+pl$Struct(foo = pl$Int32, pl$Field("bar", pl$Boolean))
 
 # check if an element is any kind of Struct()
-test = pl$Struct(pl$UInt64)
+test = pl$Struct(a = pl$UInt64)
 pl$same_outer_dt(test, pl$Struct())
 
 # `test` is a type of Struct, but it doesn't mean it is equal to an empty Struct
diff --git a/tests/testthat/test-datatype.R b/tests/testthat/test-datatype.R
index d44bf7ca0..8979b559c 100644
--- a/tests/testthat/test-datatype.R
+++ b/tests/testthat/test-datatype.R
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ test_that("plStruct", {
   # wrong uses
   expect_grepl_error(
     pl$Struct(bin = pl$Binary, pl$Boolean, "abc"),
-    "must either be a Field"
+    "only accepts named inputs or input of class RPolarsField."
   )
 })