pvl_relativeairmass.m

function AM = pvl_relativeairmass(z,varargin)
% PVL_RELATIVEAIRMASS    Gives the relative (not pressure-corrected) airmass
%
% Syntax
%   AM = RELATIVEAIRMASS(z)
%   AM = RELATIVEAIRMASS(z, model)
%
% Description
%   Gives the airmass at sea-level when given a sun zenith angle, z (in 
%   degrees). 
%   The "model" variable allows selection of different airmass models
%   (described below). "model" must be a valid string. If "model" is not 
%   included or is not valid, the default model is 'kastenyoung1989'.
%
% Inputs:
%   z - Zenith angle of the sun.  Note that some models use the apparent (refraction corrected)
%     zenith angle, and some models use the true (not refraction-corrected)
%     zenith angle. See model descriptions to determine which type of zenith
%     angle is required.
%   model - String variable indicating the airmass model to be used.  Avaiable models 
%     include the following:
%       'simple' - secant(apparent zenith angle) - Note that this gives -inf at zenith=90
%       'kasten1966' - See reference [1] - requires apparent sun zenith
%       'youngirvine1967' - See reference [2] - requires true sun zenith
%       'kastenyoung1989' - See reference [3] - requires apparent sun zenith
%       'gueymard1993' - See reference [4] - requires apparent sun zenith
%       'young1994' - See reference [5] - requries true sun zenith
%       'pickering2002' - See reference [6] - requires apparent sun zenith
%
% Outputs:
%   AM - Relative airmass at sea level.  Will return NaN values for all zenith 
%     angles greater than 90 degrees.
%
% References:
%   [1] Fritz Kasten. "A New Table and Approximation Formula for the
%   Relative Optical Air Mass". Technical Report 136, Hanover, N.H.: U.S.
%   Army Material Command, CRREL.
%   [2] A. T. Young and W. M. Irvine, "Multicolor Photoelectric Photometry
%   of the Brighter Planets," The Astronomical Journal, vol. 72, 
%   pp. 945-950, 1967.
%   [3] Fritz Kasten and Andrew Young. "Revised optical air mass tables and
%   approximation formula". Applied Optics 28:4735–4738
%   [4] C. Gueymard, "Critical analysis and performance assessment of 
%   clear sky solar irradiance models using theoretical and measured data,"
%   Solar Energy, vol. 51, pp. 121-138, 1993.
%   [5] A. T. Young, "AIR-MASS AND REFRACTION," Applied Optics, vol. 33, 
%   pp. 1108-1110, Feb 1994.
%   [6] Keith A. Pickering. "The Ancient Star Catalog". DIO 12:1, 20,
%
% See also PVL_ABSOLUTEAIRMASS PVL_EPHEMERIS


z(z>90) = NaN;

p = inputParser;
p.addRequired('z',@(x)all(isnumeric(x) & x<=90 & x>=0 | isnan(x))) ;
p.addOptional('model','kastenyoung1989', @(x) ischar(x));
p.parse(z,varargin{:});

model = p.Results.model;

switch(lower(model))
    
    case('kastenyoung1989')
        AM = 1./(cosd(z)+0.50572.*((6.07995+(90-z)).^-1.6364));
    case('kasten1966')
        AM = 1./(cosd(z)+0.15.*(93.885-z).^-1.253);
    case('simple')
        AM = secd(z);
    case('pickering2002')
        AM = 1./(sind(90-z+244./(165+47.*(90-z).^1.1)));
    case('youngirvine1967')
        AM = 1./cosd(z).*(1-0.0012.*(((secd(z)).^2)-1));
    case('young1994')
        AM = (1.002432.*(cosd(z)).^2 + 0.148386 .* cosd(z) + 0.0096467) ./ ...
            (cosd(z).^3 + 0.149864 .* cosd(z).^2 + 0.0102963 .* cosd(z) + 0.000303978);
    case('gueymard1993')
        AM = 1./(cosd(z) + 0.00176759 .* z .* (94.37515-z).^-1.21563);
    otherwise
        warning([model ' is not a valid model type for relative airmass.'...
            ' The ''kastenyoung1989'' model was used.']);
        AM = 1./(cosd(z)+0.50572.*((6.07995+(90-z)).^-1.6364));
        
end