diff --git a/memmap.go b/memmap.go
index e6b7d70b..d6c744e8 100644
--- a/memmap.go
+++ b/memmap.go
@@ -16,9 +16,12 @@ package afero
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
+
 	"log"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
+
+	"sort"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
 	"time"
@@ -88,6 +91,24 @@ func (m *MemMapFs) findParent(f *mem.FileData) *mem.FileData {
 	return pfile
 }
 
+func (m *MemMapFs) findDescendants(name string) []*mem.FileData {
+	fData := m.getData()
+	descendants := make([]*mem.FileData, 0, len(fData))
+	for p, dFile := range fData {
+		if strings.HasPrefix(p, name+FilePathSeparator) {
+			descendants = append(descendants, dFile)
+		}
+	}
+
+	sort.Slice(descendants, func(i, j int) bool {
+		cur := len(strings.Split(descendants[i].Name(), FilePathSeparator))
+		next := len(strings.Split(descendants[j].Name(), FilePathSeparator))
+		return cur < next
+	})
+
+	return descendants
+}
+
 func (m *MemMapFs) registerWithParent(f *mem.FileData, perm os.FileMode) {
 	if f == nil {
 		return
@@ -309,29 +330,51 @@ func (m *MemMapFs) Rename(oldname, newname string) error {
 	if _, ok := m.getData()[oldname]; ok {
 		m.mu.RUnlock()
 		m.mu.Lock()
-		m.unRegisterWithParent(oldname)
+		err := m.unRegisterWithParent(oldname)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
 		fileData := m.getData()[oldname]
-		delete(m.getData(), oldname)
 		mem.ChangeFileName(fileData, newname)
 		m.getData()[newname] = fileData
+
+		err = m.renameDescendants(oldname, newname)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		delete(m.getData(), oldname)
+
 		m.registerWithParent(fileData, 0)
 		m.mu.Unlock()
 		m.mu.RLock()
 	} else {
 		return &os.PathError{Op: "rename", Path: oldname, Err: ErrFileNotFound}
 	}
+	return nil
+}
 
-	for p, fileData := range m.getData() {
-		if strings.HasPrefix(p, oldname+FilePathSeparator) {
-			m.mu.RUnlock()
-			m.mu.Lock()
-			delete(m.getData(), p)
-			p := strings.Replace(p, oldname, newname, 1)
-			m.getData()[p] = fileData
-			m.mu.Unlock()
-			m.mu.RLock()
+func (m *MemMapFs) renameDescendants(oldname, newname string) error {
+	descendants := m.findDescendants(oldname)
+	removes := make([]string, 0, len(descendants))
+	for _, desc := range descendants {
+		descNewName := strings.Replace(desc.Name(), oldname, newname, 1)
+		err := m.unRegisterWithParent(desc.Name())
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
 		}
+
+		removes = append(removes, desc.Name())
+		mem.ChangeFileName(desc, descNewName)
+		m.getData()[descNewName] = desc
+
+		m.registerWithParent(desc, 0)
+	}
+	for _, r := range removes {
+		delete(m.getData(), r)
 	}
+
 	return nil
 }
 
diff --git a/memmap_test.go b/memmap_test.go
index 52a492e8..6f778702 100644
--- a/memmap_test.go
+++ b/memmap_test.go
@@ -833,3 +833,88 @@ func TestMemFsRenameDir(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("Cannot recreate the subdir in the source dir: %s", err)
 	}
 }
+
+func TestMemMapFsRename(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	fs := &MemMapFs{}
+	tDir := testDir(fs)
+	rFrom := "/renamefrom"
+	rTo := "/renameto"
+	rExists := "/renameexists"
+
+	type test struct {
+		dirs   []string
+		from   string
+		to     string
+		exists string
+	}
+
+	parts := strings.Split(tDir, "/")
+	root := "/"
+	if len(parts) > 1 {
+		root = filepath.Join("/", parts[1])
+	}
+
+	testData := make([]test, 0, len(parts))
+
+	i := len(parts)
+	for i > 0 {
+		prefix := strings.Join(parts[:i], "/")
+		suffix := strings.Join(parts[i:], "/")
+		testData = append(testData, test{
+			dirs: []string{
+				filepath.Join(prefix, rFrom, suffix),
+				filepath.Join(prefix, rExists, suffix),
+			},
+			from:   filepath.Join(prefix, rFrom),
+			to:     filepath.Join(prefix, rTo),
+			exists: filepath.Join(prefix, rExists),
+		})
+		i--
+	}
+
+	for _, data := range testData {
+		err := fs.RemoveAll(root)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("%s: RemoveAll %q failed: %v", fs.Name(), root, err)
+		}
+
+		for _, dir := range data.dirs {
+			err = fs.MkdirAll(dir, os.FileMode(0775))
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("%s: MkdirAll %q failed: %v", fs.Name(), dir, err)
+			}
+		}
+
+		dataCnt := len(fs.getData())
+		err = fs.Rename(data.from, data.to)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("%s: rename %q, %q failed: %v", fs.Name(), data.from, data.to, err)
+		}
+		err = fs.Mkdir(data.from, os.FileMode(0775))
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("%s: Mkdir %q failed: %v", fs.Name(), data.from, err)
+		}
+
+		err = fs.Rename(data.from, data.exists)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("%s: rename %q, %q failed: %v", fs.Name(), data.from, data.exists, err)
+		}
+
+		for p, _ := range fs.getData() {
+			if strings.Contains(p, data.from) {
+				t.Errorf("File was not renamed to renameto: %v", p)
+			}
+		}
+
+		_, err = fs.Stat(data.to)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("%s: stat %q failed: %v", fs.Name(), data.to, err)
+		}
+
+		if dataCnt != len(fs.getData()) {
+			t.Errorf("invalid data len: expected %v, get %v", dataCnt, len(fs.getData()))
+		}
+	}
+}