A helpful guide to some raytracing terms.
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AABB (Axis-Aligned Bounding Box):
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CSG (Constructive Solid Geometry):
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Normal:
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Intersection:
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UV mapping:
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Bounding Boxes: an optimzation that provides a min/max tuple to hint to us if we should test any given shape, based on the shapes shapes and dimensions. If not, we can save the computation and time.
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BVH (Bounding Volume Hierarchy): a tree of Bounding Boxes that can be traversed to determine if an intersection should be tested for any given shape in the tree.