README.md

981. 基于时间的键值存储

English Version

题目描述

创建一个基于时间的键值存储类 TimeMap，它支持下面两个操作：

1. set(string key, string value, int timestamp)

• 存储键 key、值 value，以及给定的时间戳 timestamp。

2. get(string key, int timestamp)

• 返回先前调用 set(key, value, timestamp_prev) 所存储的值，其中 timestamp_prev <= timestamp。
• 如果有多个这样的值，则返回对应最大的  timestamp_prev 的那个值。
• 如果没有值，则返回空字符串（""）。

 

示例 1：

输入：inputs = ["TimeMap","set","get","get","set","get","get"], inputs = [[],["foo","bar",1],["foo",1],["foo",3],["foo","bar2",4],["foo",4],["foo",5]]
输出：[null,null,"bar","bar",null,"bar2","bar2"]
解释：  
TimeMap kv;   
kv.set("foo", "bar", 1); // 存储键 "foo" 和值 "bar" 以及时间戳 timestamp = 1   
kv.get("foo", 1);  // 输出 "bar"   
kv.get("foo", 3); // 输出 "bar" 因为在时间戳 3 和时间戳 2 处没有对应 "foo" 的值，所以唯一的值位于时间戳 1 处（即 "bar"）   
kv.set("foo", "bar2", 4);   
kv.get("foo", 4); // 输出 "bar2"   
kv.get("foo", 5); // 输出 "bar2"   

示例 2：

输入：inputs = ["TimeMap","set","set","get","get","get","get","get"], inputs = [[],["love","high",10],["love","low",20],["love",5],["love",10],["love",15],["love",20],["love",25]]
输出：[null,null,null,"","high","high","low","low"]

 

提示：

1. 所有的键/值字符串都是小写的。
2. 所有的键/值字符串长度都在 [1, 100] 范围内。
3. 所有 TimeMap.set 操作中的时间戳 timestamps 都是严格递增的。
4. 1 <= timestamp <= 10^7
5. TimeMap.set 和 TimeMap.get 函数在每个测试用例中将（组合）调用总计 120000 次。

解法

嵌套哈希表实现。

Python3

class TimeMap:

    def __init__(self):
        """
        Initialize your data structure here.
        """
        self.ktv = collections.defaultdict(list)

    def set(self, key: str, value: str, timestamp: int) -> None:
        self.ktv[key].append((timestamp, value))

    def get(self, key: str, timestamp: int) -> str:
        if key not in self.ktv:
            return ''
        tv = self.ktv[key]
        # #查找第一个大于timestamp的
        i = bisect.bisect_right(tv, (timestamp, chr(127)))
        return tv[i - 1][1] if i else ''



# Your TimeMap object will be instantiated and called as such:
# obj = TimeMap()
# obj.set(key,value,timestamp)
# param_2 = obj.get(key,timestamp)

Java

class TimeMap {
    private Map<String, TreeMap<Integer, String>> ktv;

    /** Initialize your data structure here. */
    public TimeMap() {
        ktv = new HashMap<>();
    }

    public void set(String key, String value, int timestamp) {
        TreeMap<Integer, String> tv = ktv.getOrDefault(key, new TreeMap<>());
        tv.put(timestamp, value);
        ktv.put(key, tv);
    }

    public String get(String key, int timestamp) {
        if (!ktv.containsKey(key)) {
            return "";
        }
        TreeMap<Integer, String> tv = ktv.get(key);
        Integer t = tv.floorKey(timestamp);
        return t == null ? "" : tv.get(t);
    }
}

/**
 * Your TimeMap object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * TimeMap obj = new TimeMap();
 * obj.set(key,value,timestamp);
 * String param_2 = obj.get(key,timestamp);
 */

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