Ansible Book Notes.md

annotation-target	date created	date modified
Books/learn_ansible_quickly.pdf	Tuesday, February 7th 2023, 9:37:15 am	Tuesday, February 7th 2023, 9:37:29 am

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%% %%PREFIX%%ntOS,and Ubuntu.What is Ansible?%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==Ansible is an open-source configuration management, software provisioning, andapplication deployment tool that makes automating your application deploymentsand IT infrastructure operation very simple.== %%POSTFIX%%Ansible is very lightweight, eas %%LINK%%[[#^e05pvpwu1sb|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%ommands.Creating an Ansible user%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==Even though you can use the root user in Ansible to run Ad-Hoc commands andplaybooks, it’s definitely not recommended and is not considered best practice dueto the security risks that can arise by allowing root user ssh access.For this reason, it’s recommended that you create a dedicated Ansible user withsudo privileges (to all commands) on all hosts (control and managed hosts)== %%POSTFIX%%.Remember, Ansible uses SSH and %%LINK%%[[#^b8wssev3xjg|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%% Adhoc commands are a way to use ansible without having to create a playbook. It's not recommended to use root access for security reason. The best way is to set up a dedicated Ansible user with sudo privileges (to all commands) on all hosts (control and managed hosts). %%TAGS%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%9Building your Ansible inventory%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==An Ansible inventory file is a basically a file that contains a list of servers, groupof servers, or ip addresses that references that hosts that you want to be managedby Ansible (managed nodes).== %%POSTFIX%%The /etc/ansible/hosts is the de %%LINK%%[[#^1gv8qcrak8l|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%eating host groups and subgroups%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==You can organize your managed hosts into groups and subgroups.== %%POSTFIX%%For example, youcan edit the my %%LINK%%[[#^ejmicqqy078|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%% Once you have created an inventory file. It's possible to class variables into groups and subgroups

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%% %%PREFIX%%sible. Now, the real fun begins!%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==An Ansible ad-hoc command is a great tool that you can use to run a single taskon one or more managed nodes. A typical Ansible ad-hoc command follows thegeneral syntax:ansible host_pattern -m module_name -a ”module_options”== %%POSTFIX%%The easiest way to understand ho %%LINK%%[[#^9d35pn9io0c|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%g file in the project directory.%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==The /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg contains a whole of various Ansible configurationsettings and sections:[elliot@control plays]$ wc -l /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg490 /etc/ansible/ansible.cfgThe two most important sections that you need to define in your Ansible configu-ration file are:1. [defaults]2. [privilege_escalation]== %%POSTFIX%%In the [defaults] section, here %%LINK%%[[#^dyv8jmmj8d6|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%sible. Now, the real fun begins!%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==An Ansible ad-hoc command is a great tool that you can use to run a single taskon one or more managed nodes. A typical Ansible ad-hoc command follows thegeneral syntax:ansible host_pattern -m module_name -a ”module_options”== %%POSTFIX%%The easiest way to understand ho %%LINK%%[[#^83o6y0x7z4l|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%ommand vs. Shell vs. Raw Modules%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==There are three Ansible modules that people often confuse with one another; theseare:1. command2. shell3. raw== %%POSTFIX%%Those three modules achieve the %%LINK%%[[#^gfpprf594u7|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%information.non-zero return code%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==That’s because the command module doesn’t support pipes or redirection. Youcan use the shell module instead if you want to use pipes or redirection. Run thesame command again, but this time, use the shell module instead:== %%POSTFIX%%[elliot@control plays]$ ansible %%LINK%%[[#^ft25gi9o9|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%the scenes to do all the magic.%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==Now,the raw module just uses SSH and bypasses the Ansible module subsystem. Thisway, the raw module would successfully work on the managed node even if pythonis not installed (on the managed node).I tampered with my python binaries on node4 (please don’t do that yourself) so Ican mimic a scenario of what will happen if you run the shell or command moduleon a node that doesn’t have python installed== %%POSTFIX%%:20root@node4:/usr/bin# mkdir hi %%LINK%%[[#^rrj36yhnms|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%oot@node4:/usr/bin/hide# mv * ..%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==Figure 7 summarizes the different use cases for the three modules:== %%POSTFIX%%Figure 7: command vs. shell vs. %%LINK%%[[#^ljpcwj3n9|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%g and running Ansible playbooks.%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==To better understand the differences between Ansible ad-hoc command and Ansi-ble playbooks; you can think of Ansible ad-hoc commands as Linux commands andplaybooks as bash scripts.== %%POSTFIX%%Ansible ad-hoc commands are idea %%LINK%%[[#^054skqpqzohj|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%ds andplaybooks as bash scripts.%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==Ansible ad-hoc commands are ideal to perform tasks that are not executed fre-quently such us getting servers uptime, retrieving system information, etc.== %%POSTFIX%%]]On the other hand, Ansible pl %%LINK%%[[#^cwajoyd3l6|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%ion, etc. ]]On the other hand, A%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==nsible playbooks are ideal to automate complex tasks like sys-tem patches, application deployments, firewall configurations, user management,etc.== %%POSTFIX%%Please note that I have included %%LINK%%[[#^2lmuent82im|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%ting your first Ansible playbook%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==Playbooks are written in YAML (Yet Another Markup Language) format.== %%POSTFIX%%If youdon’t know YAML; I have i %%LINK%%[[#^ok7ag0ak2mg|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%’s less typing, and I am lazy.24%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==Also, YAML is indentation sensitive. A two-spaces indentation is the recommendedindentation to use in YAML; however, YAML will follow whatever indentationsystem a file uses as long as it’s consistent.== %%POSTFIX%%It is beyond annoying to keep hi %%LINK%%[[#^qar07gbjts|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%ook is free of potential errors.%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==You can use the --syntax-check option to check if your playbook has syntax errors:== %%POSTFIX%%[elliot@control plays]$ ansible- %%LINK%%[[#^vdpmiwifhe|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%.ymlplaybook: first-playbook.yml%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==You may also want to use the --check option to do a dry run of your playbookbefore actually running the playbook:== %%POSTFIX%%[elliot@control plays]$ ansible- %%LINK%%[[#^ty23jwwsdz9|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%finance groupgroup:name: finance%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==Now you can use the import_tasks module to run all the tasks in group-tasks.ymlin your first playbook as follows== %%POSTFIX%%:[elliot@control plays]$ cat fir %%LINK%%[[#^017o6kkbejftl|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%upsimport_tasks: group-tasks.yml%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==You can also use the import_playbook module to reuse an entire playbook. Forexample, you can create a new playbook named reuse-playbook.yml that has thefollowing content== %%POSTFIX%%:[elliot@control plays]$ cat reu %%LINK%%[[#^zc40x35ej88|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%ybookinclude: first-playbook.yml%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==The only difference is that the import statements are pre-processed at the timeplaybooks are parsed. On the other hand, include statements are processed as theyare encountered during the execution of the playbook. So, in summary, import isstatic while include is dynamic== %%POSTFIX%%.33Running selective tasks and p %%LINK%%[[#^xpa5az3ifpj|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%unning selective tasks and plays%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==You can choose not to run a whole playbook and instead may want to run specifictask(s) or play(s) in a playbook. To do this, you can use tags== %%POSTFIX%%.For example, you can tag the in %%LINK%%[[#^5pqg6b8g83i|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%fining and referencing variables%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==You can use the vars keyword to define variables directly inside a playbook.== %%POSTFIX%%For example, you can define a fa %%LINK%%[[#^k49ntoql0u|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%erence) the fav_color variable?%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==Ansible uses the Jinja2templating system to work with variables.== %%POSTFIX%%You will learn all about Jinja2 %%LINK%%[[#^kgsmp1fff1m|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%0Creating lists and dictionaries%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==You can also use lists and dictionaries to define multivalued variables== %%POSTFIX%%. For example,you may define a l %%LINK%%[[#^7jsrkjics52|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%t_nums:- 21- 22- 23- 25- 80- 443%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==You can print all the values in port_nums as follows== %%POSTFIX%%:All the ports {{ port_nums }}Yo %%LINK%%[[#^qkhgjgp6p4l|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

%%TAGS%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%ws:All the ports {{ port_nums }}%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==You can also access a specific list element:== %%POSTFIX%%First port is {{ port_nums[0] }} %%LINK%%[[#^chfq49br5m|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

%%TAGS%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%sition) to access list elements.%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==You can also define a dictionary named users as follows:== %%POSTFIX%%vars:users:bob:username: bobuid: %%LINK%%[[#^3sifxy5u4lc|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%ame: lisauid: 2233shell: /bin/sh%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==There are two different ways you can use to access dictionary elements== %%POSTFIX%%:• dict_name[’key’] → users[’bob %%LINK%%[[#^8fhqpw48ax6|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

%%TAGS%%

^8fhqpw48ax6

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%% %%PREFIX%%"}40Including external variables%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==Just like you can import (or include) tasks in a playbook. You can do the samething with variables as well. That is, in a playbook, you can include variables de-fined in an external file== %%POSTFIX%%.To demonstrate, let’s create a %%LINK%%[[#^1l2edxxf74w|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

%%TAGS%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%ort_nums[1] }}Getting user input%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==You can use the vars_prompt keyword to prompt the user to set a variable’s valueat runtime.== %%POSTFIX%%For example, the following greet %%LINK%%[[#^w3wbe62lv7d|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

%%TAGS%%

^w3wbe62lv7d

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%% %%PREFIX%%Setting host and group variables%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==You can set variables that are specific to your managed hosts. By doing so, you cancreate much more efficient playbooks as you don’t need to write repeated tasks fordifferent nodes or groups.== %%POSTFIX%%To demonstrate, edit your invent %%LINK%%[[#^wws289t8z6a|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%at different scopes (or levels).%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==If the same variable is set at different levels; the most specific level gets precedence.== %%POSTFIX%%For example, a variable that is %%LINK%%[[#^vzxcl7s2qzp|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%specific level gets precedence.%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==For example, a variable that is set on a play level takes precedence over the samevariable set on a host level (host_vars)== %%POSTFIX%%.44Furthermore, a variable that %%LINK%%[[#^xx2n2l81trm|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%t on a host level (host_vars).44%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==Furthermore, a variable that is set on the command line using the --extra-varstakes the highest precedence, that is, it will overwrite anything else== %%POSTFIX%%.To demonstrate, let’s create a %%LINK%%[[#^sse8av851w|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

%%TAGS%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%u”.45Gathering and showing facts%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==You can retrieve or discover variables that contain information about your managedhosts. These variables are called facts and Ansible uses the setup module to gatherthese facts== %%POSTFIX%%. The IP address on one of your %%LINK%%[[#^bbqeoielbz6|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%seedisplayed on your terminal.%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==Notice how the facts are stored in dictionaries or listsand they all belong to the ansible_facts dictionary.== %%POSTFIX%%By default, the setup module is %%LINK%%[[#^nv82zt61eak|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%[node3]ok: [node2]ok: [node1]...%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==You can turn off facts gathering by setting gather_facts boolean to false right inyour play header as follows== %%POSTFIX%%:[elliot@control plays]$ cat mot %%LINK%%[[#^yurlxudabe|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

%%TAGS%%

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%% *%%PREFIX%%ge variable.] *****************%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==The same way you show a variable’s value; you can also use to show a fact’s value.The following show-facts.yml playbook displays the value of few facts on node1== %%POSTFIX%%:[elliot@control plays]$ cat sho %%LINK%%[[#^u25zxxto18|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%kipped=048Creating customs facts%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==You may want to create your own custom facts. To do this, you can either use theset_fact module to add temporarily facts or the /etc/ansible/facts.d directoryto add permanent facts on your managed nodes== %%POSTFIX%%.I am going to show you how to a %%LINK%%[[#^6i5foaiuwtm|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%ide=2.59Looping over inventories%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==You can use the Ansible built-in groups variable to loop over all your inventoryhosts or just a subset of it. For instance, to loop over all your inventory hosts; youcan use== %%POSTFIX%%:loop: "{{ groups['all'] }}"If y %%LINK%%[[#^s511gonux78|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%each other.Pausing within loops%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==You may want to pause for a certain amount of time between each loop iteration.To do this, you can use the pause directive along with the loop_control keyword== %%POSTFIX%%.To demonstrate, let’s create a %%LINK%%[[#^39mcz7fl7wb|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%ipped=0Using when with variables%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==You can also use when conditional statements with your own defined variables.Keep in mind that conditionals require boolean inputs; that is, a test must eval-uate to true to trigger the condition and so, you need to use the bool filter withnon-boolean variables.== %%POSTFIX%%To demonstrate, take a look at t %%LINK%%[[#^lecaqs4nox|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%e users and groups in Ansible:•%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==user → manages user accounts and user attributes. For Windows targets,use the win_user module instead.• group → manages presence of groups on a host. For Windows targets, usethe win_group module instead.• pamd → edits PAM service’s type, control, module path and module argu-ments.• authorized_key → copies SSH public key from Ansible control node to thetarget user .ssh/authorized_keys file in the managed node.• acl → sets and retrieves file ACL information.• selogin → manages linux user to SELinux user mapping== %%POSTFIX%%.You need to be aware that the a %%LINK%%[[#^7wfk0w8kwsy|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%ux user to SELinux user mapping.%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==You need to be aware that the authorized_key module doesn’t generate SSHkeys; To generate, SSH keys, you can use the generate_ssh_key option with theuser module== %%POSTFIX%%.Also, keep in mind that there i %%LINK%%[[#^bm5c70j9rb|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%_key option with theuser module.%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==Also, keep in mind that there is no sudo module in Ansible. You can use Jinja2and other modules like lineinfile, blockinfile, replace, or copy to edit sudo con-figurations.== %%POSTFIX%%Now let’s create a playbook that %%LINK%%[[#^rstno3gekfl|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%sh node4darlene@node4:~$ exit136%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==Managing software== %%POSTFIX%%You can use the following module %%LINK%%[[#^9bm4567413i|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%ode4:~$ exit136Managing software%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==You can use the following modules to manage software in Ansible:• package → installs, upgrade and removes packages using the underlying OSpackage manager. For Windows targets, use the win_package module in-stead.• yum → installs, upgrade, downgrades, removes, and lists packages and groupswith the “yum” package manager.• apt → manages “apt” packages (such as for Debian/Ubuntu).• yum_repository → adds or removes YUM repositories in RPM-based Linuxdistributions.• package_facts → returns information about installed packages as facts.• rpm_key → adds or removes a gpg key to your rpm database.• redhat_subscription → manages registration and subscription to the RedHat Subscription Management entitlement platform using the ‘subscription-manager’ command.• rhn_register → manages registration to the Red Hat Network.• rhn_channel → adds or removes Red Hat software channels.== %%POSTFIX%%Now let’s create a playbook that %%LINK%%[[#^8mfmikuk9we|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%s]$ ansible-doc package_facts139%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==Managing processes and tasks== %%POSTFIX%%You can use the following module %%LINK%%[[#^wqe7etb8m2|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%s139Managing processes and tasks%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==You can use the following modules to manage processes and tasks in Ansible:• cron → use this module to schedule cron jobs.• at → use this module to schedule a command or a script to run once in thefuture.• service → use this module to manage services (start, restart, enable on boot,disable, etc).• service_facts → returns service state information as fact data for variousservice management utilities.• systemd → controls systemd services on remote hosts.== %%POSTFIX%%Keep in mind that the cron modul %%LINK%%[[#^taktpmlp2km|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%ystemd services on remote hosts.%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==Keep in mind that the cron module has a name option which is used to uniquelyidentify entries in the crontab. The name option has no meaning for Cron, but ithelps Ansible in managing crontab entries.== %%POSTFIX%%For example, Ansible uses the na %%LINK%%[[#^f5eham80dxk|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%ran exactly twice as you wanted.%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==You should also know that there is no dedicated module to interact with Linuxprocesses in Ansible. If you want to send signals to a process; you can just useregular Linux commands like kill, pkill, killall with the command, shell, or rawAnsible modules.== %%POSTFIX%%142Configuring local storageYou %%LINK%%[[#^negx3x8b35|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%shell, or rawAnsible modules.142%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==Configuring local storage== %%POSTFIX%%You can use the following module %%LINK%%[[#^cvp6cqolj3l|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%les.142Configuring local storage%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==You can use the following modules to configure local storage in Ansible:• parted → This module allows configuring block device partition using the‘parted’ command line tool.• lvg → This module creates, removes or resizes volume groups.• lvol → This module creates, removes or resizes logical volumes.• filesystem → This module creates a filesystem.• mount → This module controls active and configured mount points in ‘/etc/fstab’.• vdo → This module controls the VDO dedupe and compression device.== %%POSTFIX%%Now let’s create a new playbook %%LINK%%[[#^nkmwqvea609|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%l plays]$ ansible-doc mounted146%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==Configuring network interfaces== %%POSTFIX%%You can use the following module %%LINK%%[[#^ilipclfpcd|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%46Configuring network interfaces%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==You can use the following modules to configure network interfaces in Ansible:• nmcli → manages the network devices. Create, modify and manage variousconnection and device type e.g., ethernet, teams, bonds, vlans, etc.• hostname → set system’s hostname, supports most OSs/Distributions, in-cluding those using systemd.• firewalld → This module allows for addition or deletion of services and ports(either TCP or UDP) in either running or permanent firewalld rules.== %%POSTFIX%%Now let’s create a new playbook %%LINK%%[[#^d8b5xn28837|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%vided at the end of the book.152%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==Chapter 12: Ansible Troubleshooting== %%POSTFIX%%We all dream of a world where we %%LINK%%[[#^yoo61xa921k|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%connectivity issues in Ansible.%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==Enable Ansible logging== %%POSTFIX%%By default, Ansible is not confi %%LINK%%[[#^7dp4wfvfoqt|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%n Ansible.Enable Ansible logging%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==By default, Ansible is not configured to log its output anywhere. You can howeverchange this behavior by setting the log_path configuration setting in your Ansi-ble configuration file (ansible.cfg) to allow Ansible to log its output to a specificdestination.== %%POSTFIX%%To demonstrate, let’s first set %%LINK%%[[#^53vh5k7eid|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%: Playbook logging enabled^ here%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==Using the debug module== %%POSTFIX%%The debug module comes in handy %%LINK%%[[#^fget7xy8qq|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%bled^ hereUsing the debug module%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==The debug module comes in handy when troubleshooting as it can show variablesvalues in playbooks. You can also use the debug module to show messages in spe-cific error situations.You can specify the verbosity option to control when a debug task should execute.== %%POSTFIX%%To demonstrate, go ahead and cre %%LINK%%[[#^n2pinmobqsl|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%ult_ipv4.address }}"verbosity: 2%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==Now go ahead and run the playbook with one level of verbosity by using the -voption== %%POSTFIX%%:[elliot@control plays]$ ansible %%LINK%%[[#^u2ba2ixc4u|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%rol plays]$ ansible-doc debug157%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==Using the assert module== %%POSTFIX%%The assert module can also come %%LINK%%[[#^05earzh7xbxq|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=1%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==Notice how the second task [show ip address] was skipped! That’s because youspecified verbosity: 2. To trigger task two; you need to specify at least two levelsof verbosity (-vv) while running the playbook as follows== %%POSTFIX%%:[elliot@control plays]$ ansible %%LINK%%[[#^tda72b095te|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%debug157Using the assert module%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==The assert module can also come in handy while troubleshooting as you can use itto test whether a specific condition is met== %%POSTFIX%%.To demonstrate, go ahead and cr %%LINK%%[[#^njcs3n7rorm|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%trol plays]$ ansible-doc stat159%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==Running playbooks in check mode== %%POSTFIX%%You can use the --check (-C) opt %%LINK%%[[#^88xb1s0t|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%9Running playbooks in check mode%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==You can use the --check (-C) option with the ansible-playbook command to doa dry run of a playbook. This will basically just predict and show you what willhappen when running the playbook without actually changing anything.You can also set the boolean check_mode: yes within a task to always runthat specific task in check mode. On the other hand, you can set the booleancheck_mode: no so that a task will never run in check mode== %%POSTFIX%%.To demonstrate, go ahead and cr %%LINK%%[[#^cvd2nz49aq|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%plate files on managed hosts.161%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==Troubleshooting connectivity problems== %%POSTFIX%%You may encounter connectivity i %%LINK%%[[#^9af0urt2kg|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%leges to the become_user (root).%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==Using ping module to test connectivity== %%POSTFIX%%The ping module comes in very ha %%LINK%%[[#^o0mddqr5lhg|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%"changed": false,"ping": "pong"}%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==You can also use the --become option along with ping module to test if the Ansibleremote user is able to escalate privileges== %%POSTFIX%%:[elliot@control plays]$ ansible %%LINK%%[[#^lbfevcse4x|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%"changed": false,"ping": "pong"}%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==Testing Connectivity to webservices endpoints== %%POSTFIX%%The uri module comes in very han %%LINK%%[[#^j3kg6lsbg4|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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%% %%PREFIX%%ctivity to webservices endpoints%%HIGHLIGHT%% ==The uri module comes in very handy when you are testing connectivity to webservices endpoints.== %%POSTFIX%%For example, the following ad-ho %%LINK%%[[#^x8smdwmg1w|show annotation]] %%COMMENT%%

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