009_Dec15

December 15

//Program that uses bitwise and

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
	int a = 60;
	int b = 13, c;

	c = a & b;

	cout << "The value of c is " << c;

	return 0;
}

// Program that uses return type

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class calc{
	public:
		int add(int a, int b) {
			return (a + b);
		}
};

int main() {
		calc cl;
		int m = 10, n = 20;

		cout << "The sum is " << cl.add(m, n);

		return 0;
}

Homework

1. What do you mean by operator? Explain bitwise operators in detail with proper explanations and examples of each.

• An Operator is a character that represents a specific mathematical or logical action or process.

Bitwise Operator

• Those operators that performs operations on integer data at the individual bit-level are called bitwise operators.

List of 6 bitwise operators included in C++

Operator	Description
&	Bitwise AND Operator
|	Bitwise OR Operator
^	Bitwise XOR Operator
~	Bitwise Complement Operator
<<	Bitwise Shift Left Operator
>>	Bitwise Shift Right Operator

1. The & (bitwise AND) in C or C++ takes two numbers as operands and does AND on every bit of two numbers. The result of AND is 1 only if both bits are 1.

2. The | (bitwise OR) in C or C++ takes two numbers as operands and does OR on every bit of two numbers. The result of OR is 1 if any of the two bits is 1.

3. The ^ (bitwise XOR) in C or C++ takes two numbers as operands and does XOR on every bit of two numbers. The result of XOR is 1 if the two bits are different.

4. The ~ (bitwise NOT) in C or C++ takes one number and inverts all bits of it.

5. The << (left shift) in C or C++ takes two numbers, left shifts the bits of the first operand, the second operand decides the number of places to shift.

6. The >> (right shift) in C or C++ takes two numbers, right shifts the bits of the first operand, the second operand decides the number of places to shift.

Example

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
 
int main() {
      // a = 5(00000101), b = 9(00001001)
    int a = 5, b = 9;
 
    // The result is 00000001
    cout<<"a = " << a <<","<< " b = " << b <<endl;
    cout << "a & b = " << (a & b) << endl;
 
    // The result is 00001101
    cout << "a | b = " << (a | b) << endl;
 
    // The result is 00001100
    cout << "a ^ b = " << (a ^ b) << endl;
 
    // The result is 11111010
    cout << "~a = " << (~a) << endl;
 
    // The result is 00010010
    cout<<"b << 1" <<" = "<< (b << 1) <<endl;
 
    // The result is 00000100
    cout<<"b >> 1 "<<"= " << (b >> 1 )<<endl;
 
    return 0;
}

Output

> a = 5, b = 9
> a & b = 1
> a | b = 13
> a ^ b = 12
> ~a = -6
> b << 1 = 18
> b >> 1 = 4