0x11. C - printf

Team Members:

• Justine Ugwu
• Tiny Bila

This project is part of the ALX-Africa SE program.

Description:page_facing_up:

In this project, we are implementing our own version of the printf function in C. The printf function is a powerful tool for formatted output and is widely used in C programming. By creating our own printf function, we will gain a deeper understanding of string formatting and manipulating output in C.

The goal of the project is to replicate some of the basic functionality of the standard printf function, including handling format specifiers such as %c, %s, %d, %x, and more. We will implement these features while considering different data types, formatting options, and edge cases.

Resources

• Secrets of printf by Don colton

Authorized functions and macros

• write (man 2 write)
• malloc (man 3 malloc)
• free (man 3 free)
• va_start (man 3 va_start)
• va_end (man 3 va_end)
• va_copy (man 3 va_copy)
• va_arg (man 3 va_arg)

Getting Started

To get started with the project, follow these steps:

1. Clone the repository:

git clone https://github.com/ugwujustine/printf.git

2. Compile the code:

gcc -Wall -Werror -Wextra -pedantic -std=gnu89 *.c

3. man page:

man ./man_printf

## Usage

To use our custom `printf` function, include the `main.h` header file in your C program:

```c
#include "main.h"

int main(void) {
    my_printf("Hello, %s! Today is %dth of %s.\n", "Alx", 23, "June");

    return 0;
}

Supported Format Specifiers

Our printf function supports the following format specifiers:

• %c: Print a single character.
• %s: Print a string.
• %d: Print a decimal integer.
• %x: Print an integer in hexadecimal format.
• ...

Refer to the code implementation for additional details on the supported format specifiers and their usage.

Examples

Here are a few examples demonstrating the usage of our printf function:

my_printf("Hello, %s!\n", "World");
// Output: Hello, World!

my_printf("The value of x is %d and in hexadecimal it is %x.\n", 42, 42);
// Output: The value of x is 42 and in hexadecimal it is 2a.

my_printf("The character is %c.\n", 'A');
// Output: The character is A.

Some files contained in this repository

---

Name	Information	Relevant Files
man_printf	Man page of the _myprintf() function.	None
main.h	Header file with the data type struct, standard libraries and custom prototypes.	*.c compilation
_putchar.c	Custom putchar function.	None

Tasks required for this project

---

0. I am not going anywhere. You can print that wherever you want to. I'm here and I am a Spur for life.

Write a function that produces output according to a format. Handle the following conversion specifiers:

• c
• s
• %

1. Education is when you read the fine print. Experience is what you get if you dont

Handle the following conversion specifiers:

• d
• i

2. With a face like mine, I do better in print

Handle the following conversion specifiers:

• b

3. What one has not experienced, one will never understand in print

Handle the following conversion specifiers:

• u
• x
• o
• x
• X

4. Nothing in fine print is ever good news

Use a local buffer of 1024 chars in order to call write as little as possible.

5. Handle the following custom conversion specifier

• S : prints the string.
• Non printable characters (0 < ASCII value < 32 or >= 127) are printed this way: \x, followed by the ASCII code value in hexadecimal (upper case - always 2 characters).

6. How is the world ruled and led to war? Diplomats lie to journalists and believe these lies when they see them in print

Handle the following conversion specifier: p

7. The big print gives and the small print takes away

Handle the following flag characters for non-custom conversion specifiers:

• ´+´
• space
• ´#´

8. Sarcasm is lost in print

Handle the following length modifiers for non-custom conversion specifiers:

• l
• h Conversion specifiers to handle: d, i, u, o, x, X

9. Print some money and give it to us for the rain forests

Handle the field width for non-custom conversion specifiers.

10. The negative is the equivalent of the composer's score, and the print the performance

Handle the precision for non-custom conversion specifiers.

11. It's depressing when you're still around and your albums are out of print

Handle the 0 flag character for non-custom conversion specifiers.

12. Every time that I wanted to give up, if I saw an interesting textile, print what ever, suddenly I would see a collection

Handle the - flag character for non-custom conversion specifiers.

13. Print is the sharpest and the strongest weapon of our party

Handle the following custom conversion specifier:

• r : prints the reversed string

14. [The flood of print has turned reading into a process of gulping rather than savoring]

Handle the following custom conversion specifier:

• R: prints the rot13'ed string

15. *

All the above options work well together.

License

This project is licensed under the MIT License.