更新 ls 的翻译。这是初版，需要校对。

raw/man1/ls.1

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-.\" DO NOT MODIFY THIS FILE!  It was generated by help2man 1.022.
-.TH LS "1" "October 2003" "ls (coreutils) 5.0" FSF
+.\" DO NOT MODIFY THIS FILE!  It was generated by help2man 1.43.3.
+.TH LS "1" "December 2013" "GNU coreutils 8.22" "User Commands"
 .SH NAME
 ls \- list directory contents
 .SH SYNOPSIS
@@ -9,69 +9,80 @@ ls \- list directory contents
 .\" Add any additional description here
 .PP
 List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default).
-Sort entries alphabetically if none of \fB\-cftuSUX\fR nor \fB\-\-sort\fR.
+Sort entries alphabetically if none of \fB\-cftuvSUX\fR nor \fB\-\-sort\fR is specified.
 .PP
 Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
 .TP
 \fB\-a\fR, \fB\-\-all\fR
-do not hide entries starting with .
+do not ignore entries starting with .
 .TP
 \fB\-A\fR, \fB\-\-almost\-all\fR
 do not list implied . and ..
 .TP
 \fB\-\-author\fR
-print the author of each file
+with \fB\-l\fR, print the author of each file
 .TP
 \fB\-b\fR, \fB\-\-escape\fR
-print octal escapes for nongraphic characters
+print C\-style escapes for nongraphic characters
 .TP
 \fB\-\-block\-size\fR=\fISIZE\fR
-use SIZE-byte blocks
+scale sizes by SIZE before printing them; e.g.,
+\&'\-\-block\-size=M' prints sizes in units of
+1,048,576 bytes; see SIZE format below
 .TP
 \fB\-B\fR, \fB\-\-ignore\-backups\fR
 do not list implied entries ending with ~
 .TP
 \fB\-c\fR
 with \fB\-lt\fR: sort by, and show, ctime (time of last
-modification of file status information)
-with \fB\-l\fR: show ctime and sort by name
-otherwise: sort by ctime
+modification of file status information);
+with \fB\-l\fR: show ctime and sort by name;
+otherwise: sort by ctime, newest first
 .TP
 \fB\-C\fR
 list entries by columns
 .TP
 \fB\-\-color\fR[=\fIWHEN\fR]
-control whether color is used to distinguish file
-types.  WHEN may be `never', `always', or `auto'
+colorize the output; WHEN can be 'never', 'auto',
+or 'always' (the default); more info below
 .TP
 \fB\-d\fR, \fB\-\-directory\fR
-list directory entries instead of contents,
-and do not dereference symbolic links
+list directories themselves, not their contents
 .TP
 \fB\-D\fR, \fB\-\-dired\fR
 generate output designed for Emacs' dired mode
 .TP
 \fB\-f\fR
-do not sort, enable \fB\-aU\fR, disable \fB\-lst\fR
+do not sort, enable \fB\-aU\fR, disable \fB\-ls\fR \fB\-\-color\fR
 .TP
 \fB\-F\fR, \fB\-\-classify\fR
-append indicator (one of */=@|) to entries
+append indicator (one of */=>@|) to entries
+.TP
+\fB\-\-file\-type\fR
+likewise, except do not append '*'
 .TP
 \fB\-\-format\fR=\fIWORD\fR
 across \fB\-x\fR, commas \fB\-m\fR, horizontal \fB\-x\fR, long \fB\-l\fR,
-single-column \fB\-1\fR, verbose \fB\-l\fR, vertical \fB\-C\fR
+single\-column \fB\-1\fR, verbose \fB\-l\fR, vertical \fB\-C\fR
 .TP
 \fB\-\-full\-time\fR
 like \fB\-l\fR \fB\-\-time\-style\fR=\fIfull\-iso\fR
 .TP
 \fB\-g\fR
 like \fB\-l\fR, but do not list owner
 .TP
+\fB\-\-group\-directories\-first\fR
+group directories before files;
+.IP
+can be augmented with a \fB\-\-sort\fR option, but any
+use of \fB\-\-sort\fR=\fInone\fR (\fB\-U\fR) disables grouping
+.TP
 \fB\-G\fR, \fB\-\-no\-group\fR
-inhibit display of group information
+in a long listing, don't print group names
 .TP
 \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-human\-readable\fR
-print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)
+with \fB\-l\fR, print sizes in human readable format
+(e.g., 1K 234M 2G)
 .TP
 \fB\-\-si\fR
 likewise, but use powers of 1000 not 1024
@@ -84,17 +95,23 @@ follow each command line symbolic link
 .IP
 that points to a directory
 .TP
-\fB\-\-indicator\-style\fR=\fIWORD\fR append indicator with style WORD to entry names:
-none (default), classify (-F), file-type (-p)
+\fB\-\-hide\fR=\fIPATTERN\fR
+do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN
+(overridden by \fB\-a\fR or \fB\-A\fR)
+.TP
+\fB\-\-indicator\-style\fR=\fIWORD\fR
+append indicator with style WORD to entry names:
+none (default), slash (\fB\-p\fR),
+file\-type (\fB\-\-file\-type\fR), classify (\fB\-F\fR)
 .TP
 \fB\-i\fR, \fB\-\-inode\fR
-print index number of each file
+print the index number of each file
 .TP
 \fB\-I\fR, \fB\-\-ignore\fR=\fIPATTERN\fR
 do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN
 .TP
-\fB\-k\fR
-like \fB\-\-block\-size\fR=\fI1K\fR
+\fB\-k\fR, \fB\-\-kibibytes\fR
+default to 1024\-byte blocks for disk usage
 .TP
 \fB\-l\fR
 use a long listing format
@@ -108,7 +125,7 @@ references rather than for the link itself
 fill width with a comma separated list of entries
 .TP
 \fB\-n\fR, \fB\-\-numeric\-uid\-gid\fR
-like \fB\-l\fR, but list numeric UIDs and GIDs
+like \fB\-l\fR, but list numeric user and group IDs
 .TP
 \fB\-N\fR, \fB\-\-literal\fR
 print raw entry names (don't treat e.g. control
@@ -117,22 +134,22 @@ characters specially)
 \fB\-o\fR
 like \fB\-l\fR, but do not list group information
 .TP
-\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-file\-type\fR
-append indicator (one of /=@|) to entries
+\fB\-p\fR, \fB\-\-indicator\-style\fR=\fIslash\fR
+append / indicator to directories
 .TP
 \fB\-q\fR, \fB\-\-hide\-control\-chars\fR
-print ? instead of non graphic characters
+print ? instead of nongraphic characters
 .TP
 \fB\-\-show\-control\-chars\fR
-show non graphic characters as-is (default
-unless program is `ls' and output is a terminal)
+show nongraphic characters as\-is (the default,
+unless program is 'ls' and output is a terminal)
 .TP
 \fB\-Q\fR, \fB\-\-quote\-name\fR
 enclose entry names in double quotes
 .TP
 \fB\-\-quoting\-style\fR=\fIWORD\fR
 use quoting style WORD for entry names:
-literal, locale, shell, shell-always, c, escape
+literal, locale, shell, shell\-always, c, escape
 .TP
 \fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-reverse\fR
 reverse order while sorting
@@ -141,48 +158,46 @@ reverse order while sorting
 list subdirectories recursively
 .TP
 \fB\-s\fR, \fB\-\-size\fR
-print size of each file, in blocks
+print the allocated size of each file, in blocks
 .TP
 \fB\-S\fR
 sort by file size
 .TP
 \fB\-\-sort\fR=\fIWORD\fR
-extension \fB\-X\fR, none \fB\-U\fR, size \fB\-S\fR, time \fB\-t\fR,
-version \fB\-v\fR
-.IP
-status \fB\-c\fR, time \fB\-t\fR, atime \fB\-u\fR, access \fB\-u\fR, use \fB\-u\fR
+sort by WORD instead of name: none (\fB\-U\fR), size (\fB\-S\fR),
+time (\fB\-t\fR), version (\fB\-v\fR), extension (\fB\-X\fR)
 .TP
 \fB\-\-time\fR=\fIWORD\fR
-show time as WORD instead of modification time:
-atime, access, use, ctime or status; use
-specified time as sort key if \fB\-\-sort\fR=\fItime\fR
+with \fB\-l\fR, show time as WORD instead of default
+modification time: atime or access or use (\fB\-u\fR)
+ctime or status (\fB\-c\fR); also use specified time
+as sort key if \fB\-\-sort\fR=\fItime\fR
 .TP
 \fB\-\-time\-style\fR=\fISTYLE\fR
-show times using style STYLE:
-full-iso, long-iso, iso, locale, +FORMAT
-.IP
-FORMAT is interpreted like `date'; if FORMAT is
-FORMAT1<newline>FORMAT2, FORMAT1 applies to
-non-recent files and FORMAT2 to recent files;
-if STYLE is prefixed with `posix-', STYLE
+with \fB\-l\fR, show times using style STYLE:
+full\-iso, long\-iso, iso, locale, or +FORMAT;
+FORMAT is interpreted like in 'date'; if FORMAT
+is FORMAT1<newline>FORMAT2, then FORMAT1 applies
+to non\-recent files and FORMAT2 to recent files;
+if STYLE is prefixed with 'posix\-', STYLE
 takes effect only outside the POSIX locale
 .TP
 \fB\-t\fR
-sort by modification time
+sort by modification time, newest first
 .TP
 \fB\-T\fR, \fB\-\-tabsize\fR=\fICOLS\fR
 assume tab stops at each COLS instead of 8
 .TP
 \fB\-u\fR
-with \fB\-lt\fR: sort by, and show, access time
-with \fB\-l\fR: show access time and sort by name
+with \fB\-lt\fR: sort by, and show, access time;
+with \fB\-l\fR: show access time and sort by name;
 otherwise: sort by access time
 .TP
 \fB\-U\fR
 do not sort; list entries in directory order
 .TP
 \fB\-v\fR
-sort by version
+natural sort of (version) numbers within text
 .TP
 \fB\-w\fR, \fB\-\-width\fR=\fICOLS\fR
 assume screen width instead of current value
@@ -193,6 +208,9 @@ list entries by lines instead of by columns
 \fB\-X\fR
 sort alphabetically by entry extension
 .TP
+\fB\-Z\fR, \fB\-\-context\fR
+print any SELinux security context of each file
+.TP
 \fB\-1\fR
 list one file per line
 .TP
@@ -202,23 +220,34 @@ display this help and exit
 \fB\-\-version\fR
 output version information and exit
 .PP
-SIZE may be (or may be an integer optionally followed by) one of following:
-kB 1000, K 1024, MB 1,000,000, M 1,048,576, and so on for G, T, P, E, Z, Y.
+SIZE is an integer and optional unit (example: 10M is 10*1024*1024).  Units
+are K, M, G, T, P, E, Z, Y (powers of 1024) or KB, MB, ... (powers of 1000).
+.PP
+Using color to distinguish file types is disabled both by default and
+with \fB\-\-color\fR=\fInever\fR.  With \fB\-\-color\fR=\fIauto\fR, ls emits color codes only when
+standard output is connected to a terminal.  The LS_COLORS environment
+variable can change the settings.  Use the dircolors command to set it.
+.SS "Exit status:"
+.TP
+0
+if OK,
+.TP
+1
+if minor problems (e.g., cannot access subdirectory),
+.TP
+2
+if serious trouble (e.g., cannot access command\-line argument).
 .PP
-By default, color is not used to distinguish types of files.  That is
-equivalent to using \fB\-\-color\fR=\fInone\fR.  Using the \fB\-\-color\fR option without the
-optional WHEN argument is equivalent to using \fB\-\-color\fR=\fIalways\fR.  With
-\fB\-\-color\fR=\fIauto\fR, color codes are output only if standard output is connected
-to a terminal (tty).
+GNU coreutils online help: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
+Report ls translation bugs to <http://translationproject.org/team/>
 .SH AUTHOR
-Written by Richard Stallman and David MacKenzie.
-.SH "REPORTING BUGS"
-Report bugs to <[email protected]>.
+Written by Richard M. Stallman and David MacKenzie.
 .SH COPYRIGHT
-Copyright \(co 2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+Copyright \(co 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
 .br
-This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
-warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
+This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
+There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
 .SH "SEE ALSO"
 The full documentation for
 .B ls
@@ -228,6 +257,6 @@ and
 .B ls
 programs are properly installed at your site, the command
 .IP
-.B info ls
+.B info coreutils \(aqls invocation\(aq
 .PP
 should give you access to the complete manual.