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ws_code,min_termination,min_duration,min_intensity_day,min_intensity_day_during,max_recessiondays | ||
1,72,24,7.2,7.2,8 | ||
2,72,24,7.2,7.2,8 | ||
3,72,24,7.2,7.2,8 | ||
4,48,24,4.8,4.8,8 | ||
5,48,24,4.8,4.8,8 | ||
6,48,24,4.8,4.8,8 | ||
7,48,24,4.8,4.8,8 | ||
8,48,24,4.8,4.8,8 | ||
9,48,24,2.4,2.4,8 | ||
10,48,24,2.4,2.4,8 | ||
11,48,24,2.4,2.4,8 | ||
12,72,24,4.8,4.8,8 | ||
13,72,24,4.8,4.8,8 | ||
14,48,24,4.8,4.8,8 | ||
18,48,24,9.6,9.6,8 | ||
20,48,24,4.8,4.8,8 | ||
22,48,24,4.8,4.8,8 | ||
26,48,24,4.8,4.8,8 | ||
27,72,24,4.8,4.8,8 | ||
28,72,24,4.8,4.8,8 | ||
30,48,24,4.8,4.8,8 | ||
36,48,24,4.8,4.8,8 | ||
39,48,24,4.8,4.8,8 | ||
90,48,24,4.8,4.8,8 |
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flow,recession_length,n_start,eps,filter_par | ||
normal,5,0,0.08,0.925 | ||
low,10,0,0.02,0.925 |
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01,North Atlantic slope basins | ||
02,South Atlantic slope basins | ||
03,Ohio, Cumberland, and Tennessee River basins | ||
04,St. Lawrence River basin | ||
05,Hudson Bay and Upper Mississippi River basin | ||
06,Missouri River basin | ||
07,Lower Mississippi River basin | ||
08,Western Gulf of Mexico basins | ||
09,Colorado River basin | ||
10,The Great Basin | ||
11,Pacific slope basins in California | ||
12,Pacific slope basins in Washington and upper Columbia River basin | ||
13,Snake River basin | ||
14,Pacific slope basins in Oregon and lower Columbia River basin |
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.. _p4_usage_notes: | ||
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Usage Notes | ||
======== | ||
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Understanding Signature Parameters | ||
---------------- | ||
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Example parameters | ||
^^^^^^^^^ | ||
Hydrologic signatures often need customized input parameters because rainfall patterns vary by region and time resolutions vary by dataset [1]_. | ||
The following lists example parameter files to help you get started. | ||
These parameters have been manually tuned for select signatures and U.S. gages at a **daily timestep**, using the CAMELS and HYSETS datasets in Caravan [2]_. | ||
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1. Overlandflow signatures | ||
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- Parameter file: `params_overlandflow.csv <https://github.com/RY4GIT/TOSSH/tree/master/docs/_static/usages/params_overlandflow.csv>`_ | ||
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- Use these parameters for the event separation algorithm `util_EventSeparation.m <./_static/matlab/TOSSH_code/TOSSH/TOSSH_code/utility_functions/util_EventSeparation.html>`_ | ||
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- Parameters included: ``min_termination``, ``min_duration``, ``min_intensity_day``, ``min_intensity_day_during``, ``max_recessiondays`` per CONUS region | ||
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- In the table, ``ws_code`` column categorizes the CONUS regions using the first two digits of the USGS `gauge_id` from the CAMELS/HYSETS datasets. This classification is based on the downstream order system (see https://help.waterdata.usgs.gov/faq/sites/do-station-numbers-have-any-particular-meaning) | ||
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2. Recession-related signatures | ||
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- Parameter file: `params_recession.csv <https://github.com/RY4GIT/TOSSH/tree/master/docs/_static/usages/params_recession.csv>`_ | ||
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- Use these parameters for the recession delineation algorithm `util_RecessionSegments.m <./_static/matlab/TOSSH_code/TOSSH/TOSSH_code/utility_functions/util_RecessionSegments.html>`_ | ||
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- Parameters included: ``recession_length``, ``n_start``, ``eps``, ``filter_par`` for low or high rainfall area | ||
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**Note:** For tuning, we evaluated the parameter performance using approximately ten watersheds that have drainage area close to the median of each CONUS region. While these settings are a good starting point, please review and adjust them as needed for your specific application. | ||
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How to Adjust Parameters Yourself | ||
^^^^^^^^^ | ||
If the provided parameters don't suit your dataset, here are some guidelines for tuning key parameters. | ||
We highly recommend using TOSSH visualization tools (`sig_EventGraphThresholds.m <./_static/matlab/TOSSH_code/TOSSH/TOSSH_code/signature_functions/sig_EventGraphThresholds.html>`_ and `sig_RecessionAnalysis.m <./_static/matlab/TOSSH_code/TOSSH/TOSSH_code/signature_functions/sig_RecessionAnalysis.html>`_) to inspect how well the parameters fit your time series. | ||
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- Key parameters for `util_EventSeparation.m <./_static/matlab/TOSSH_code/TOSSH/TOSSH_code/utility_functions/util_EventSeparation.html>`_: | ||
- ``min_termination``: | ||
- This parameter controls how long the shortest storm event should be. The default value can be set to **48 hours** for daily data. With this, once-in-3-days rainfall is being separated as the new event. | ||
- For persistent rainfall or slower-responding watersheds, increase the values (e.g., **72 hours**). | ||
- ``min_intensity_day`` and ``min_intensity_day_during``: | ||
- This parameter controls the minimum duration of the shortest storm event. The default value can be set to **4.8 mm/day** for daily data (derived from 0.2 mm/hr × 24 hours). | ||
- Adjust this value based on the region's rainfall intensity (e.g., use higher values for areas with significant rainfall). Selecting a small value for regions with high rainfall may result in small, noisy rainfall being detected at the start of an event. | ||
- ``max_recessiondays``: | ||
- The default value can be set to **8 days** (no tuning is generally required). | ||
- Increasing this value helps capture long recession tails when no subsequent rainfall occurs. Allowing a larger ``max_recessiondays`` does no harm, as the ``min_termination`` parameter will start a new event when subsequent rainfall occurs. | ||
- ``min_duration``: | ||
- The default value can be set to **1 day** (no tuning is required for daily data). | ||
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- Key parameters for `util_RecessionSegments.m <./_static/matlab/TOSSH_code/TOSSH/TOSSH_code/utility_functions/util_RecessionSegments.html>`_: | ||
- ``recession_length``: | ||
- The default value can be set to **5 days** with ``eps=0.08`` for most cases. | ||
- For low-flow conditions, use longer thresholds (e.g., **10 days** with ``eps=0.01``). | ||
- For quick recessions after rainfall, reduce the value to **3 days** (but avoid including noisy recessions). | ||
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- ``filter_par``: | ||
- The default value can be set to **0.925** (no tuning needed; used for smoothing). | ||
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- ``n_start``: | ||
- The default value can be set to **0** for daily data. For hourly data, increase this value to mask flow immediately after the peak. | ||
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References | ||
---------- | ||
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.. [1] McMillan, H. K., Coxon, G., Araki, R., Salwey, S., Kelleher, C., Zheng, Y., et al. (2023). When good signatures go bad: Applying hydrologic signatures in large sample studies. Hydrological Processes, 37(9). https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.14987 | ||
.. [2] Kratzert, F., Nearing, G., Addor, N., Erickson, T., Gauch, M., Gilon, O., Gudmundsson, L., Hassidim, A., Klotz, D., Nevo, S., Shalev, G., & Matias, Y. (2024). Caravan - A global community dataset for large-sample hydrology (1.4) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10968468 |
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.. _p4_contact: | ||
.. _p5_contact: | ||
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Contact | ||
======= | ||
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