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Redistributed wisdom, simplified login to Rackham
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| Original file line number | Diff line number | Diff line change |
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@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@ | |
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| Here we describe how to log in to [Rackham](../cluster_guides/rackham.md). | ||
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| - [Prerequisites](#prerequisites) | ||
| - [Prerequisites](rackham_usage_prerequisites.md) describes what is needed before one can access Rackham | ||
| - [Which way to login?](#which-way-to-login) | ||
| - [Login using website](#login-using-website) | ||
| - [Login using terminal](#login-using-terminal) | ||
| - [Login using local ThinLinc client](#login-using-local-thinlinc-client) | ||
| - [Website](login_rackham_remote_desktop_website.md) | ||
| - [Terminal](login_rackham_console_password.md) | ||
| - [Local ThinLinc client](login_rackham_remote_desktop_local_thinlinc_client.md) | ||
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| ## Prerequisites | ||
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@@ -16,9 +16,9 @@ There are multiple ways to log in to [Rackham](../cluster_guides/rackham.md): | |
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| Login |Description |Screenshot | ||
| ---------------------|----------------------------------------------|--------------------------------- | ||
| Website |Remote desktop, no installation needed, slow | | ||
| Terminal |Console environment, recommended | | ||
| Local ThinLinc client|Remote desktop, recommended, need installation| | ||
| [Website](login_rackham_remote_desktop_website.md) |Remote desktop, no installation needed, slow | | ||
| [Terminal](login_rackham_console_password.md) |Console environment, recommended | | ||
| [Local ThinLinc client](login_rackham_remote_desktop_local_thinlinc_client.md)|Remote desktop, recommended, need installation| | ||
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| Here is a decision tree, to determine which way to log in: | ||
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@@ -34,312 +34,20 @@ flowchart TD | |
| need_gui --> |yes| need_easy_or_speedy | ||
| need_easy_or_speedy --> |easiest| use_website | ||
| need_easy_or_speedy --> |fastest| use_local | ||
| ``` | ||
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| ## Login using website | ||
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|  | ||
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| You can also login to Rackham's remote desktop environment. | ||
| This gives you a desktop environment, as if you were working on your own computer! | ||
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| - [Web browser login](../getting_started/login_rackham_remote_desktop_website.md) | ||
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| ## Login using terminal | ||
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| - Login to the Rackham console environment with a password | ||
| - Login to the Rackham console environment with an SSH key | ||
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| ## Login using local ThinLinc client | ||
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|  | ||
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| You can also login to Rackham's remote desktop environment. | ||
| This gives you a desktop environment, as if you were working on your own computer! | ||
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| - [Local ThinLinc client](../getting_started/login_rackham_remote_desktop_local_thinlinc_client.md) | ||
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| ## Older | ||
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| !!! info "Objectives" | ||
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| - We'll go through platform specific (Mac/Linux/Windows) ways to log in to UPPMAX | ||
| - See different clients | ||
| - Enable graphics | ||
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| !!! warning | ||
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| If you lack a user account, visit the [UPPMAX page on user accounts](user_account.md) | ||
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| ## General understanding | ||
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| - When logging in to UPPMAX from your local computer you will arrive to your home folder at the login node of an UPPMAX cluster. | ||
| - This means that only light analysis and and calculations should be made here. | ||
| - You will see this in the prompt after "@" as the clustername and a low number. For instance: | ||
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| ```bash | ||
| [<user>@rackham3 ~]$ | ||
| ``` | ||
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| - You will later learn how to reach the calculation nodes. Then the prompt states the node number with a single letter, like "r" for Rackham. For instance: | ||
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| ```bash | ||
| [<user>@r484 ~] | ||
| ``` | ||
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| !!! info "Quick start log in!" | ||
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| - Below you find how to log in | ||
| - Further down we present other procedures to reach Rackham, depending on your planned work. | ||
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| ## Log in with a terminal, omitting support for graphics | ||
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| === "Mac" | ||
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| - Start terminal (e.g. from Launchpad) or [iTerm2](https://iterm2.com/) | ||
| to run [`ssh`](../software/ssh.md) | ||
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| ``` bash | ||
| $ ssh <username>@rackham.uppmax.uu.se | ||
| ``` | ||
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| - "< >" prompts you to set the keyword specific for you or your needs. In the example above, this is basically your username. | ||
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| <!--  --> | ||
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| - iTerm2 goodies: | ||
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| - You can save hosts for later. | ||
| - Drag and drop scp | ||
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| === "Windows" | ||
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| - Start a terminal (see below) to run [`ssh`](../software/ssh.md): | ||
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| ```bash | ||
| $ ssh <username>@rackham.uppmax.uu.se | ||
| ``` | ||
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| - "< >" prompts you to set the keyword specific for you or your needs. In the example above, this is basically your username. | ||
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|  | ||
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| - The ssh (secure shell) client [**putty**](https://www.putty.org/) | ||
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| - You can save hosts for later. | ||
| - No graphics. | ||
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| - Windows Powershell terminal can also work | ||
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| - Cannot save hosts | ||
| - no graphics | ||
| - [PowerShell](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/) | ||
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| - Windows command prompt can also work | ||
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| - Cannot save hosts | ||
| - no graphics | ||
| - [Command Prompt](https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/a-beginners-guide-to-the-windows-command-line/) | ||
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| - [Git bash](https://gitforwindows.org/) | ||
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| !!! info "Working on Rackham" | ||
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| Now we present alternatives to work on Rackham | ||
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| ## Alternative ways to log in and work | ||
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| !!! info "Login procedure" | ||
| **Which login procedure is best for You, depends on:** | ||
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| - Your background | ||
| - Your OS environment, | ||
| - Your planned interaction with your local computer | ||
| - Your planned use of graphics on the cluster | ||
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| **If you plan to:** | ||
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| - do **day-to-day** work where *terminal shell is sufficient* | ||
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| - Mac: *Terminal, iTerm2* | ||
| - Linux: *Terminal* | ||
| - Windows: *Putty*, *Windows Powershell* or even *command prompt (CMD)* | ||
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| - **interact with you local computer** | ||
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| - Mac/Linux: you can always work in a local shell (mutiple terminal windows open) | ||
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| - (S)FTP browser: *Filezilla*, *Cyberduck* | ||
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| - Windows | ||
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| - (S)FTP browser: *WinSCP* | ||
| - *MobaXterm* has built-in SFTP browser | ||
| - you may benefit from having a *Windows Subsystem for Linux, WSL(2)* | ||
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| - **do day-to-day work** with **some graphical applications ([X forwarding](../software/ssh_x_forwarding.md))** | ||
| - Mac: *Terminal, iTerm2 + XQuartz* | ||
| - Linux: *Terminal* | ||
| - Windows: *MobaXterm* | ||
| how_login(How to log in?) | ||
| use_password[Use password\nStart here] | ||
| use_ssh_keys[Use SSH keys\nNo more password needed] | ||
| - integrate you cluster work with **code development** | ||
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| - All OS: Example [Visual Studio Code](../software/vscodium_on_rackham.md) | ||
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| - use **sophistic graphical interfaces** like *RStudio and MATLAB* etcetera | ||
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| - *ThinLinc application* | ||
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| ## Terminals (see above) | ||
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| ## Terminal with X11 server and light graphics | ||
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| === "Mac" | ||
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| - Download XQuartz or other X11 server for Mac OS from [https://www.xquartz.org/](https://www.xquartz.org/) | ||
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| ???- question "How do I know XQuartz has been installed?" | ||
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| As far as we know: you cannot check this directly: | ||
| you will have to find out by running an application of | ||
| Rackham that uses this. See below :-) | ||
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| - Start terminal (e.g. from Launchpad) or [iTerm2](https://iterm2.com/) | ||
| to run [`ssh`](../software/ssh.md): | ||
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| ``` bash | ||
| $ ssh -X [username]@rackham.uppmax.uu.se | ||
| ``` | ||
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| where `[username]` is your UPPMAX username and `-X` enables [X forwarding](../software/ssh_x_forwarding.md). | ||
| For example, if your UPPMAX username is `sven`, this wold be | ||
| `ssh -X [email protected]` | ||
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| ???- question "How do I know XQuartz has been installed?" | ||
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| See [SSH X forwarding](../software/ssh_x_forwading.md). | ||
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| Spoiler: use `xeyes` | ||
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| === "Windows" | ||
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| - Download and install ONE of the X-servers below (to enable graphics) | ||
| - [GWSL](https://opticos.github.io/gwsl) (recommended because of hardware integration) | ||
| - [X-ming](https://sourceforge.net/projects/xming/) | ||
| - [VCXSRV](https://sourceforge.net/projects/vcxsrv/) | ||
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| - or... | ||
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| - Install a ssh (secure shell) program with built-in X11 and sftp file manager | ||
| - [**MobaXterm**](https://mobaxterm.mobatek.net/) | ||
| - sftp frame makes it easy to move, upload and download files. | ||
| - ... though downloading from remote host to local is usually easier. | ||
| - tabs for several sessions | ||
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| <!--  --> | ||
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| - Start local terminal and [an SSH session](../software/ssh.md) by: | ||
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| ``` bash | ||
| $ ssh -X <username>@rackham.uppmax.uu.se | ||
| ``` | ||
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| - ``-X`` Enables [X forwarding](../software/ssh_x_forwarding.md). | ||
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|  | ||
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| - Or even better, create and save a SSH session, as shown in image below. | ||
| - This allows you to use MobaXterm as a file manager and to use the built-in graphical texteditor. | ||
| - You can rename the session in the Bookmark settings tab. | ||
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|  | ||
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| !!! note "X-forwarding from the command line (generally)" | ||
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| [X forwarding](../software/ssh_x_forwarding.md) allows | ||
| graphics to be sent through the [SSH client](../software/ssh_client.md) | ||
| connection you’re using to connect | ||
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| - Use `ssh -X` | ||
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| - The X servers that enables graphics are needed, as mentioned above! | ||
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| - When starting a graphical program, a new window will open, but your terminal will be “locked”. | ||
| - Run using "`&`" at the end to run it as a background process e.g. "`xeyes &`" or “`gedit &`” | ||
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| <!--  --> | ||
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| - Alternatively, use `<ctrl>-z` to put e.g. gedit to sleep and type "`bg`" to make last process in background. | ||
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| ???+ question "Test log in to **Rackham**, using your terminal" | ||
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| - First try: | ||
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| ```bash | ||
| $ ssh -X <username>@rackham.uppmax.uu.se | ||
| ``` | ||
|
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| - If you receive errors or warnings, instead try: | ||
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| ```bash | ||
| $ ssh <username>@rackham.uppmax.uu.se | ||
| ``` | ||
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| - If you do have X11 installed: | ||
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| ```bash | ||
| $ xeyes & | ||
| ``` | ||
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| ## Linux on your computer | ||
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| !!! abstract "Local Linux environment" | ||
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| - You may sometimes benefit from having a local Linux environment. | ||
| - Examples: | ||
| - Mimic cluster environment to work with your local files and data as on the Cluster | ||
| - get used to Linux (!) | ||
| - Mac is UNIX and very Linux-like | ||
| - Windows requires WSL (Windows subsystem for Linux) | ||
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| ??? question "For windows users who wants to get started with WSL (not covered here)" | ||
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| - Install WSL (Windows Subsystem for Linux) | ||
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| - [https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/install-win10](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/install-win10) (Links to an external site.) | ||
| - Don’t forget to update to WSL2 | ||
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| - Install a distribution or a ssh (secure shell) program | ||
| - Distribution such as ubuntu or | ||
| - (recommended) a ssh program such as MobaXTerm | ||
| - [https://mobaxterm.mobatek.net/](https://mobaxterm.mobatek.net/) (Links to an external site.) | ||
| - `sftp` frame makes it easy to move, upload and download files. | ||
| - You may want to check this webpage as well! | ||
| - [https://hackmd.io/@pmitev/Linux4WinUsers](https://hackmd.io/@pmitev/Linux4WinUsers) (Links to an external site.) | ||
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| !!! abstract "keypoints" | ||
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| - When you log in from your local computer you will always arrive at a login node with limited resources. | ||
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| - You reach the calculations nodes from within the login node (See Submitting jobs section) | ||
| use_terminal --> how_login | ||
| how_login --> use_password | ||
| how_login --> use_ssh_keys | ||
| ``` | ||
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| - You reach UPPMAX clusters either using a terminal client or Thinlinc | ||
| - Graphics are included in Thinlinc and from terminal if you have enabled X11. | ||
| - Which client to use? | ||
| - Graphics and easy to use | ||
| - ThinLinc | ||
| - Best integrated systems | ||
| - Visual Studio Code has several extensions (remote, SCP, programming IDE:s) | ||
| - Windows: MobaXterm is somewhat easier to use. | ||
| The procedures can be found at: | ||
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| - [Login to the Rackham remote desktop environment using the website](login_rackham_remote_desktop_website.md) | ||
| - [Login to the Rackham console environment with a password](login_rackham_console_password.md) | ||
| If you want to get rid of using a password every time, see [login to the Rackham console environment with an SSH key](login_rackham_console_ssh_key.md) | ||
| - [Login to the Rackham remote desktop environment using a local ThinLinc client](login_rackham_remote_desktop_local_thinlinc_client.md) | ||
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