[Renewed] Refactor preprocessor architecture to enhance extensibility

[Forthoney]

Addresses parts of #672
Preparing to add a airflow as a preprocessor target, I noticed that the current architecture is very rigid and difficult to expand upon. This refactoring/reorganization hopefully addresses some of these. Notable changes (and absence of changes) are

No AST traversal or transformation logic has been rewritten

Files outside of shell_ast have not been changed*

preprocess/preprocess.py has been changed, but simply to import new files (some new modules were made, as I discuss below).

Differing behavior depending on target (vanilla, spec, airflow) is no longer handled by an if statement in ast_to_ast.

Previously, replace_df_regions was a function that ran a if statement on a property of TransformationState to check which specific TransformationState implementation we were dealing with (this would tell us the output target). Now, replace_df_regions is an instance method of AbstractTransformationState. This means that any variation in AST transformation between different output targets can be addressed in a single class that implements of AbstractTransformationState.

The location of the AST Transformation logic has been moved from replace_df_regions() to a method on TransformationState.

For example, this pull request created three implementations of AbstractTransformationState: TransformationState for the vanilla pash behavior, SpeculativeTransformationState for pash spec, and AirflowTransformationState for airflow (this one is empty). The ast_to_ast package contains no checks in its logic for checking how to handle AST transformations - they only need to call replace_df_regions of whatever trans_options argument they have at hand.

The TransformationState code has been moved to a separate file transformation_options.py. I do suggest renaming "State" with some more appropriate name, but this is a minor nitpick

preprocess_node_<node_type> functions have been

• moved to its own module
• no longer reliant on a large dictionary to dispatch the appropriate function
• type-annotated.

[github-actions]

OS:ubuntu-20.04
Sat Oct 28 17:17:55 UTC 2023
intro: 2/2 tests passed.
interface: 41/41 tests passed.
compiler: 54/54 tests passed.

[github-actions]

OS:ubuntu-20.04
Sat Oct 28 17:19:14 UTC 2023
intro: 2/2 tests passed.
interface: 41/41 tests passed.
compiler: 54/54 tests passed.

[github-actions]

OS = Debian 10
CPU = Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-8700 CPU @ 3.20GHz
Ram = 15752
Hash = 4ab14e5
Kernel= Linux 4.15.0-197-generic x86_64

benchmark	tests	passed	failed	untested	unresolved	unsupported	not_in_use	other_status
posix	494	375	41	31	6	40	1	0
intro	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0
interface	41	41	0	0	0	0	0	0
compiler	54	54	0	0	0	0	0	0

[github-actions]

OS = Debian 10
CPU = Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-8700 CPU @ 3.20GHz
Ram = 15752
Hash = 4436c96
Kernel= Linux 4.15.0-197-generic x86_64

benchmark	tests	passed	failed	untested	unresolved	unsupported	not_in_use	other_status
posix	494	375	41	31	6	40	1	0
intro	2	2	0	0	0	0	0	0
interface	41	41	0	0	0	0	0	0
compiler	54	54	0	0	0	0	0	0

[angelhof]

This looks great to me!

[Forthoney]

Closes #672