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░██ ░██░██ ░██ Variable VVV 1.12
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░░████ ░░████ The easiest way to set up
░░██ ░░██ WordPress sites with VVV!
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vv makes it extremely easy to create a new WordPress site using Varying Vagrant Vagrants. vv supports site creation with many different options; site blueprints to set up all your plugins, themes, and more; deployments; and lots more features.
Tired of the time it takes to do a vagrant provision or create new sites? Check out flip, a simple utility to solve that issue.
- Installation
- Adding tab-completion to vv
- Updating
- Usage
- Site Creation
- Site Deletion
- Deployments
- Advanced Usage
- Blueprints
- Vagrant Proxy
- vv Options
- .vv-config
- vv Hooks
- Thanks
If you have Homebrew installed, you run the following in your terminal application:
$ brew install bradp/vv/vv
Otherwise, clone this repositoy and edit your $PATH to include the vv core file:
- Clone this repo:
git clone https://github.com/bradp/vv.git - Add the
vvcore script to your shell's$PATH:- If you're using
bash:touch ~/.bash_profile && echo "export PATH=\$PATH:`pwd`/vv" >> ~/.bash_profile
- If you're using
-
Clone
vvto a folder somewhere.$ git clone https://github.com/bradp/vv.git -
Add that folder to your system path. See here if you need help.
-
Open an explorer window and go to My Computer (or This PC).
-
Right click and choose properties
-
Choose Advanced System Settings
-
Choose Environmental Variables form the Advanced Tab
-
Choose the "Path" variable and edit it.
-
Add a semicolon to end the previous path item and then add the
vvfolder path (Example:;C:\Users\Name\Documents\vv) -
Open Git Bash and run
vv
Alternately, you can use cmd.exe with bash vv.
Props to Vinsanity for these instructions. If you're having issues, please see this issue.
-
Clone vv into a folder.
$ git clone https://github.com/bradp/vv.git -
Access the directory that you cloned vv into.
-
Copy the vv executable to /usr/local/bin
$ sudo cp vv /usr/local/bin -
You should now be able to easily run vv from anywhere in your system.
Currently, vv supports tab-completion of arguments and options in both bash and ZSH. To enable this, you'll first want to make sure you're on the most current version of vv. Then simply add source $( echo $(which vv)-completions) to the end of your .bash_profile, .bashrc or .zshrc.
vv is currently under development, and you'll probably want the latest and greatest version at all times.
You can run vv --update to update to the latest version. This will update via Homebrew if you've installed it that way, otherwise vv will bootstrap an update on where ever you've installed it.
vv will automatically check for updates and update itself once a week. You can disable this by adding "auto_update_disable": false to the JSON config in ~/.vv-config.
If you have trouble updating, you may want to try some of the options below:
Homebrew sometimes caches a version of Variable VV causing you to receive a message saying you are out of date with the Github version, however running vv --update simply downloads a version you already have installed. In cases like this, there are two safe options you can try.
First, and simplest, run vv --force-update. Second, if that does not work you can safely uninstall Variable VV and re-install it via homebrew, you can do this with these commands: brew remove vv then brew untap bradp/vv and finally, run the install command brew install bradp/vv/vvas mentioned above. You will not lose any settings or sites.
Once installed, you can run vv anywhere you'd like. If vv can't automatically find your VVV installation, you will be prompted for the path. It will also save this into a configuration file in ~/.vv-config, so you won't be prompted again.
At any time, you can run vv or vv --help to see a list of all possible options and flags.
vv will prompt you for a value for any required flags that were not specified.
The main commands are list, create, delete. These will list your sites, create a site, and delete a site. These each have a few aliases, so for example, if you run vv show, vv will know you meant vv list.
To start creating a site, simply do vv create ( you can also do vv --create, or simply vv -c). You will then be prompted for all required options.
All options and flags are listed below.
vv create
Creating a site does the following:
- Halts Vagrant (if running)
- Creates a web root for the site in the
wwwfolder containing three files:vvv-init.sh,wp-cli.yml, andvvv-hostsvvv-init.shtells Vagrant to create a database if one does not exist and install the latest version of WordPress (via WP-CLI) the next time Vagrant is provisionedwp-cli.ymltells WP-CLI that WordPress is in the htdocs foldervvv-hostscontains the hosts entry to give your site a nice custom domain (the domain is set in the wizard)
- Creates a file in the
nginx-configfolder to handle server settings for your site - Restarts Vagrant with
vagrant up --provision
Provisioning Vagrant takes a couple of minutes, but this is a crucial step as it downloads WordPress into your site's htdocs directory and runs the installation. If you want to skip provisioning and install WordPress manually, you can run the new site's vvv-init.sh file directly in the Vagrant shell.
If you are using a subdomain multisite, you must edit vvv-hosts file inside of that site's folder with each subdomain on a new line. For example:
mysite.dev
siteA.mysite.dev
siteB.mysite.dev
After this, run vagrant reload --provision and your subdomains should resolve. Please note, any sites set up prior to version 1.7.3 will need more configuration for this, either delete and re-set up the site or ping me on Twitter for help.
vv delete site_name
You can also leave off site_name to be prompted for it.
Deleting a site does the following:
- Halts Vagrant (if running)
- Deletes the site's web root (which deletes the
vvv-init.sh,wp-cli.yml, andvvv-hostsfiles as well) - Deletes the file in the
nginx-configfolder pertaining to the site - Deletes the database associated with the site
vv deployment-create, vv deployment-remove, vv deployment-config
vv supports setting up deployments that work with Vagrant Push. You'll need to be on version 1.7.0 or later of Vagrant. Simply run vv --deployment-create and walk through the wizard.
To deploy a site, you can do vv vagrant push <sitename>-<deployment_name>.
When removing a deployment, your current Vagrantfile will be backed up as Vagrantfile-backup.
Using x as the first argument with vv will force airplane mode. This will cut off update checks on usage. This is useful if you're using vv without an internet connection. The provision state of VVV will probably fail at some point, though.
Anything that vv prompts you for, you can pass in as an argument. Most of this is realized in the site creation. In fact, there are a few arguments you can pass in that aren't prompted. This gives you total control over creating a new site.
To create a new site named 'mysite' that has the domain 'mysite.dev' and is a multisite with subdomains, with WP_Debug turned on would be:
vv create -d mysite.dev -n mysite -m subdomains -x
Or, the more readable version with all expanded flags.
vv create --domain mysite.dev --name mysite --multisite subdomains --debug
To use a custom database prefix, simply use the vv create --prefix myprefix when creating a new site.
Blueprints allow you to set up different plugins, themes, mu-plugins, options, widgets, menus, or constants that will be installed to a new site you create. First, run vv --blueprint-init to have vv create a vv-blueprints.json file in your VVV directory. You can edit this file to create and set up different blueprints.
A simple blueprint should look like this:
{
"sample": {
"themes": [
{
"location": "automattic/_s",
"activate": true
}
],
"mu_plugins": [
{
"location": "https://github.com/WebDevStudios/WDS-Required-Plugins.git"
}
],
"plugins": [
{
"location": "https://github.com/clef/wordpress/archive/master.zip",
"version": null,
"force": false,
"activate": true,
"activate_network": false
},
{
"location": "cmb2",
"version": "2.0.5",
"force": false,
"activate": true,
"activate_network": false
}
],
"options": [
"current_theme::_s"
],
"widgets": [
{
"name": "meta",
"location": "sidebar-1",
"position": 1,
"options": {
"title": "Site login or logout"
}
},
{
"name": "text",
"location": "sidebar-2",
"position": 4,
"options": {
"title": "Hello world.",
"text": "I'm a new widget."
}
}
],
"menus": [
{
"name": "Example Menu",
"locations": [
"primary",
"social"
],
"items": [
{
"type": "post",
"post_id": 2,
"options": {
"title": "Read the 'Sample Post'"
}
},
{
"type": "custom",
"title": "Our Partner Site",
"link": "//example.com/",
"options": {
"description": "Check out our partner's awesome website."
}
},
{
"type": "term",
"taxonomy": "category",
"term_id": 1,
"options": {
"title": "Example category"
}
}
]
}
],
"demo_content": [
"link::https://raw.githubusercontent.com/manovotny/wptest/master/wptest.xml"
],
"defines": [
"WP_CACHE::false"
]
}
}
For themes, plugins, and mu-plugins, you can use:
- Github username/repo
- Full git url
- Url to zip file
- WordPress.org slug
The options for plugins, themes, widgets, and menus correspond to the equivalent WP CLI option.
For options, demo content, and constants, please note the :: as a separator between the key and value.
Custom demo content can be imported through the blueprint. Be sure to use a link that points to just the xml code, like this. You can add as many demo content files as you'd like, just separate each line with a comma as usual.
A multisite's Network Settings can be configured using a network_options array in the blueprint.
You can create as many named blueprints in this file as you would like, all with as many different settings as you'd like.
When creating a site, the name you've specified (in this example, "sample") is what you'll need to specify to use this blueprint.
You can use 'SITENAME' or 'SITEDOMAIN' anywhere in the blueprint, and that will be replaced with the actual site name or local domain when installing.
Blueprints also let you set up individual subsites in a Multisite network. For example, you can define a blueprint for a multisite network in which certain plugins or themes are activated across the whole network, or just for specific subsites.
To add multisite support to your blueprint, add a sites key to a specific blueprint, like this:
"sites": {
"site2": {
"plugins": [
"...(same as above)..."
]
}
}The sites object holds a subsite definition, which has the same capabilities as a regular site's blueprint (so plugins, themes, etc. are all the same), and also includes keys for WP-CLI's wp site create command. For example, to create a subsite whose slug is subsite2, titled "Second Subsite" with an admin email address of [email protected] with robots.txt exclusions, use:
"sites": {
"subsite2": {
"title": "Second Subsite",
"email": "[email protected]"
}
}If your multisite network uses subdomains, you can include a blueprint-level key named like BLUEPRINT_NAME::subdomains to have vv configure your subdomains for you. BLUEPRINT_NAME should match the name of your blueprint, and the value should be a space-separated list of subdomains that match your subsite slugs. A complete example for the sample blueprint shown above using subdomain-based multisite configurations might look like this:
{
"sample": {
"sample::subdomains": "site2 site3",
"sites": {
"site2": {
"title": "Child Site (subsite2)",
"plugins": [
{
"location": "buddypress",
"activate": true
}
]
},
"site3": {
"title": "Private Child Site",
"private": true,
"email": "[email protected]",
"themes": [
{
"location": "https://github.com/glocalcoop/anp-network-main-child/archive/master.zip",
"activate": true
}
]
}
},
"themes": [
{
"location": "automattic/_s",
"enable_network": true
},
{
"location": "glocalcoop/anp-network-main-v2",
"activate": true
}
],
"mu_plugins": [
{
"location": "https://github.com/WebDevStudios/WDS-Required-Plugins.git"
}
],
"plugins": [
{
"location": "https://github.com/clef/wordpress/archive/master.zip",
"version": null,
"force": false,
"activate": true,
"activate_network": false
},
{
"location": "cmb2",
"version": "2.0.5",
"force": false,
"activate": true,
"activate_network": false
},
],
"demo_content": [
"link::https://raw.githubusercontent.com/manovotny/wptest/master/wptest.xml"
],
"defines": [
"WP_CACHE::false"
]
}
}The above installs BuddyPress but activates it only for site2, enables the _s theme for the entire network but activates anp-network-main-v2 for the network's main site and anp-network-main-child for site3, which is also given its own site admin user.
Be sure to run vv with the --multisite subdomain option when you use a blueprint like this.
In addition to a multisite configuration, VV recognizes blueprints that will configure a WP Multi-Network (a network of WP Multisite networks). VV's Multi-Network blueprints work just like Multisite blueprints, but have the following required additions:
- A
BLUEPRINT_NAME::subnetwork_domainskey must be present listing the root domains for each network. - A
networksobject must be present, whose keys match the domains listed in theBLUEPRINT_NAME::subnetwork_domainsmember.
For example, this Multi-Network configuration defines two WP Multisite subnetworks (for a total of three WP Multisites) in the blueprint called multinet.
{
"multinet": {
"multinet::subdomains": "site2 site3",
"multinet::subnetwork_domains": "wpsubnet1.dev wpsubnet2.dev",
"networks": {
"wpsubnet1.dev": {
"path": "/",
"site_name": "WP Subnetwork Example 1"
},
"wpsubnet2.dev": {
"path": "/",
"site_name": "WP Subnetwork Example 2"
}
}
}
}Note that empty network objects are allowed (i.e., path and site_name are optional), but not recommended.
To associate a given subsite with a network, you can either use the network_id key or a network_domain key in the subsite object. A network_domain is recommended. For example, this object will associate the site2 subsite with the main network (because no network_domain or network_id key is defined), and the subsite with slug site3 with the network created at the given domain:
{
"site2": {
},
"site3": {
"network_domain": "wpsubnet1.dev"
}
}The above will ultimately place site3 at the site3.wpsubnet1.dev URL while site2 will be created as a subdomain of whatever domain you chose when you invoked vv create.
It is not an error for a WP network to be defined with no sites of its own.
Because vv knows where you VVV installation is, you can run it from anywhere. vv will proxy any commands passed into vv vagrant <command> to your VVV location. So vv vagrant halt will halt your VVV vagrant, no matter where you run it.
| Option | Description |
|---|---|
--help, -h |
Show help and usage |
--version |
Show current vv version number. |
--about |
Show about screen. |
--update |
Updates vv to the latest stable version |
--debug-vv |
Outputs all debugging info needed for bug reporting. |
--path, -p |
Path to VVV installation |
--force-path, -fp |
Override vv auto-VVV locating |
--force-sites-folder,-fsf |
Override sites folder directory locating |
--defaults |
Accept all default options and skip the wizard. You can also run `yes |
| Command | Description |
|---|---|
list, --list, -l |
List all VVV sites |
create, --create, -c |
Create a new site |
delete, --delete, -r |
Delete a site |
deployment-create, --deployment-create |
Set up deployment for a site |
deployment-remove, --deployment-remove |
Remove deployment for a site |
deployment-config, --deployment-config |
Manually edit deployment configuration |
blueprint-init, --blueprint-init |
Initalize blueprint file |
vagrant, v, --vagrant, -v |
Pass vagrant command through to VVV. |
| Option | Description |
|---|---|
--name, -n |
Desired name for the site directory (e.g. mysite) |
--domain, -d |
Domain of new site |
--webroot, -wr |
Subdirectory used for web server root |
--bedrock, -bed |
Creates Roots.io Bedrock install |
--blueprint, -b |
Name of blueprint to use |
--live-url, -u |
Live URL of site |
--files, -f |
Do not provision Vagrant, just create the site directory and files |
--images, -i |
Load images by proxy from the live site |
--wp-version, -wv |
Version of WordPress to install |
--debug, -x |
Turn on WP_DEBUG and WP_DEBUG_LOG |
--multisite, -m |
Install as a multisite. Can also pass in "subdomain" or "subdirectory" |
--sample-content,-sc |
Adds sample content to site. |
--username |
Admin username |
--password |
Admin password |
--email |
Admin email |
--prefix |
Database prefix to use |
--git-repo,-gr |
Git repo to clone as wp-content |
--path, -p |
Path to VVV installation |
--force-path, -fp |
Override vv auto-VVV locating |
--blank |
Creates blank VVV site, with no WordPress |
--blank-with-db |
Creates a blank VVV site, with a database |
--wpskeleton, -skel |
Creates a new site with the structure of WP Skeleton |
--database,-db |
Imports a local database export |
--remove-defaults,-rd |
Removes default themes and plugins |
--language,--locale |
Install WP in another locale. Need to pass the locale afterwards, like so: vv create --locale fr_FR |
| Option | Description |
|---|---|
--name, -n |
Desired name for the site directory (e.g. mysite) |
--path, -p |
Path to VVV installation |
--force_path, -fp |
Override vv auto-VVV locating |
| Option | Description |
|---|---|
--name, -n |
Desired name for the site directory (e.g. mysite) |
--deployment-name |
Name of deployment (production, staging, other, etc) |
--host |
Host (if SFTP, define port as host:port) |
--username |
FTP Username |
--password |
FTP Password |
--passive |
Use Passive transfer mode? (y/n) |
--secure |
Use SFTP? (y/n) |
--destination |
Destination path ( You probably want / or ~/public_html ) |
--confirm-removal |
Used when removing a deployment to skip the confirmation prompt |
The first time you run vv, it will attempt to locate your VVV installation location. If it can't find it, you will be prompted for it. This will be written to a .vv-config file in your home directory. (~/.vv-config) You can also edit this file if you need to change your VVV path.
Also, if vv detects a .vv-config file in your current directory, this local file will override the one in your home directory. A use case would be to have several different VVV installations, that each contain their own local .vv-config file. Provided that you enter the appropriate directory before sending commands to vv, this effectively allows you to manage several different installations through one user account.
You can also add "auto_update_disable": false to this file to disable auto-update functionality.
vv has support for extensibility within the 'hooks' system present. This allows for quite a lot of extensibility and injection into the vv process. This system allows you to add your own code to run within almost any point with vv.
To get started with hooks, run any vv command with --show-hooks at the end. For example, vv list --show-hooks will run vv list as normal, but will also show all the hooks available.
To create the folder that your hook code should live in, simply make a 'vv' folder inside of your VVV folder.
To add code to run for a hook, make a file within your vv folder inside of VV named the hook that you want to add to. This file can be any command line runnable language, and will be executed inline.
For example, saving this file as the name of any hook will output 'Hello' when that hook gets called.
#! /usr/bin/php
echo 'Hello'Another example would be running npm install inside of wp-content for all new sites.
Make a file named post_site_creation_finished. This file gets 4 variables passed in: the hook name, the name of the site folder, the site domain, and the VVV path.
#!/bin/bash
cd www/"$2"/htdocs/wp-content || exit
npm installForked and based off of vvv-site-wizard from Alison Barrett. Also thanks to meitar, creativecoder, jtsternberg, caseypatrickdriscoll, gregrickaby, leogopal, ajdruff, schlessera, john-g-g, tnorthcutt, wpsmith, wesbos, protechig, Ipstenu, justintucker, michaelbeil, jb510, neilgee, nanomoffet, joehills, JeffMatson, greatislander, pelmered, gMagicScott, alexschlueter, eriktdesign, WPprodigy, michaelryanmcneill, boborchard, cryptelli, lswilson, Mte90 for their contributions.