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content/docs/for-platform-operators/concepts/base-images.md
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title="Base image types" | ||
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As you already know, `Cloud Native Buildpacks (CNBs)` transform your application source code into `OCI images` that can run on any cloud. | ||
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Each buildpack checks the source code and provides any relevant dependencies in the form of layers. Then, buildpack-provided layers are placed atop a runtime `base image` to form the final application image. | ||
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## Base image types | ||
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A `base image` is an `OCI image` containing the base, or initial set of layers, for other images. It is helpful to distinguish between two distinct types of images, `Build` and `Runtime` images. | ||
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### Build image | ||
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A `build image` is an `OCI image` that serves as the base image for the `build` environment in which the CNB `lifecycle` and buildpacks are executed. | ||
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A typical `build image` might determine: | ||
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* The OS distro in the build environment | ||
* OS packages installed in the build environment | ||
* Trusted CA certificates in the build environment | ||
* The default user in the build environment | ||
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#### Anatomy of a build image | ||
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Typically, a `build` image may include: | ||
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* Shell | ||
* C-compiler | ||
* Minimal operating system distribution, such as Linux utilities that build systems might call out to | ||
* Build time libraries | ||
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### Runtime image | ||
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A `runtime image` is an `OCI image` that serves as the base image for the final application image. | ||
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A typical runtime image might determine: | ||
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* The OS distro or distroless OS in the launch environment | ||
* OS packages installed in the launch environment | ||
* Trusted CA certificates in the launch environment | ||
* The default user in the run environment | ||
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#### Anatomy of a runtime base image | ||
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A `runtime` image may contain: | ||
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* No-shell, unless it's needed by the application | ||
* Runtime libraries, such as Libfreetype | ||
* Runtime platforms, such as python interpreter, which are generally added by buildpacks | ||
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For more details on `build` and `runtime` images, you can check out the [specification][spec] | ||
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[spec]: https://github.com/buildpacks/spec/blob/main/platform.md#build-image |
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