chapter/compute: Add support material for Arena

Signed-off-by: Andrei Miga <[email protected]>

chapters/compute/arena/drills/tasks/CLIST/support/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+TARGET = test
+TARGET_PARALLEL = test_parallel
+
+all: $(TARGET) $(TARGET_PARALLEL)
+
+CC = gcc
+
+# Get the relative path to the directory of the current makefile.
+MAKEFILE_DIR := $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))
+INCLUDES_DIR := $(MAKEFILE_DIR)..
+UTILS_DIR := $(MAKEFILE_DIR)/utils
+LOGGER_DIR := $(UTILS_DIR)/log
+
+CPPFLAGS += -I$(INCLUDES_DIR)
+CFLAGS += -g -Wall -Wextra
+LDFLAGS += -z lazy
+LOGGER_OBJ = log.o
+LOGGER = $(LOGGER_DIR)/$(LOGGER_OBJ)
+
+SRCS = $(wildcard *.c)
+OBJS = $(SRCS:.c=.o)
+
+$(LOGGER_OBJ): $(LOGGER_DIR)/log.c
+	@make -C $(LOGGER_DIR) $(LOGGER_OBJ)
+
+$(OBJS): %.o: %.c
+
+clean::
+	-rm -f $(OBJS) $(LOGGER)
+
+.PHONY: clean
+
+LIB_OBJECTS = clist.o
+LIBRARY = libclist.a
+TEST_OBJECTS = test.o $(LIBRARY)
+TEST_OBJECTS_PARALLEL = test_parallel.o $(LIBRARY)
+
+LDLIBS = -lpthread
+
+$(LIBRARY): $(LIB_OBJECTS)
+	ar rcs $(LIBRARY) $(LIB_OBJECTS) 
+
+$(TARGET): $(TEST_OBJECTS)
+	$(CC) $^ -o $@ $(LDLIBS)
+
+$(TARGET_PARALLEL): $(TEST_OBJECTS_PARALLEL)
+	$(CC) $^ -o $@ $(LDLIBS)
+
+clean::
+	-rm -f $(LIBRARY) $(TARGET) $(TARGET_PARALLEL)

chapters/compute/arena/drills/tasks/page-faults/support/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+BINARIES = page_faults file.txt
+
+all: $(BINARIES)
+
+CC = gcc
+
+# Get the relative path to the directory of the current makefile.
+MAKEFILE_DIR := $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))
+INCLUDES_DIR := $(MAKEFILE_DIR)..
+UTILS_DIR := $(MAKEFILE_DIR)/utils
+LOGGER_DIR := $(UTILS_DIR)/log
+
+CPPFLAGS += -I$(INCLUDES_DIR)
+CFLAGS += -g -Wall -Wextra
+LDFLAGS += -z lazy
+LOGGER_OBJ = log.o
+LOGGER = $(LOGGER_DIR)/$(LOGGER_OBJ)
+
+SRCS = $(wildcard *.c)
+OBJS = $(SRCS:.c=.o)
+
+$(LOGGER_OBJ): $(LOGGER_DIR)/log.c
+	@make -C $(LOGGER_DIR) $(LOGGER_OBJ)
+
+$(OBJS): %.o: %.c
+
+clean::
+	-rm -f $(OBJS) $(LOGGER)
+
+.PHONY: clean
+
+$(BINARIES): $(LOGGER)
+
+clean::
+	-rm -f $(BINARIES)
+
+.PHONY: all clean
+
+file.txt:
+	curl metaphorpsum.com/paragraphs/20/50 > $@

chapters/compute/arena/drills/tasks/shared-memory/solution/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../support/shared-memory/Makefile

chapters/compute/arena/drills/tasks/shared-memory/solution/shared_memory.c

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+#include <semaphore.h>
+
+#include "utils/utils.h"
+
+int main(void)
+{
+	pid_t ret_pid;
+	pid_t pid;
+	int *p;
+	int rc;
+	sem_t *sem;
+
+	/* TODO 1: Change the flags to disable copy-on-write. */
+	p = mmap(NULL, getpagesize(), PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
+		MAP_SHARED | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
+	DIE(p == MAP_FAILED, "mmap");
+
+	*p = 42;
+
+	/**
+	 * TODO 2.1: Create a semaphore in the shared page and use it to signal
+	 * the child process to end.
+	 */
+	sem = (sem_t *)(p + 10);
+	rc = sem_init(sem, 1, 0);
+	DIE(rc < 0, "sem_init");
+
+	pid = fork();
+	switch (pid) {
+	case -1:
+		/* `fork()` has encountered an error. */
+		DIE(1, "fork");
+		break;
+
+	case 0:
+		/* Child process */
+		*p = 69;
+		printf("[child] Wrote value %d at address %p\n", *p, p);
+
+		/**
+		* TODO 2.2: Wait for the semaphore to be signalled by the
+		* parent.
+		*/
+		rc = sem_wait(sem);
+		DIE(rc < 0, "sem_wait");
+
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		/* Parent process */
+		/**
+		 * TODO 2.3: Sleep for a few seconds before signalling the child
+		 * process to end.
+		 */
+		sleep(2);
+		rc = sem_post(sem);
+		DIE(rc < 0, "sem_post");
+
+		ret_pid = waitpid(pid, NULL, 0);
+		DIE(ret_pid < 0, "waitpid parent");
+
+		/**
+		 * TODO 2.4: Make sure the value read by the parent is still the
+		 * one written by the child.
+		 */
+		printf("[parent] Child process exited. Data at address %p = %d\n",
+			p, *p);
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}

chapters/compute/arena/drills/tasks/shared-memory/support/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+shared_memory

chapters/compute/arena/drills/tasks/shared-memory/support/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+LDLIBS = -lpthread
+BINARY = shared_memory
+
+all: $(BINARY)
+
+CC = gcc
+
+# Get the relative path to the directory of the current makefile.
+MAKEFILE_DIR := $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))
+INCLUDES_DIR := $(MAKEFILE_DIR)..
+UTILS_DIR := $(MAKEFILE_DIR)/utils
+LOGGER_DIR := $(UTILS_DIR)/log
+
+CPPFLAGS += -I$(INCLUDES_DIR)
+CFLAGS += -g -Wall -Wextra
+LDFLAGS += -z lazy
+LOGGER_OBJ = log.o
+LOGGER = $(LOGGER_DIR)/$(LOGGER_OBJ)
+
+SRCS = $(wildcard *.c)
+OBJS = $(SRCS:.c=.o)
+
+$(LOGGER_OBJ): $(LOGGER_DIR)/log.c
+	@make -C $(LOGGER_DIR) $(LOGGER_OBJ)
+
+$(OBJS): %.o: %.c
+
+clean::
+	-rm -f $(OBJS) $(LOGGER)
+
+.PHONY: clean
+
+$(BINARY): $(OBJS) $(LOGGER)
+	$(CC) $^ $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $(LDLIBS)
+
+clean::
+	-rm -f $(BINARIES)
+
+.PHONY: all clean

chapters/compute/arena/drills/tasks/sleepy/solution/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../support/sleepy/Makefile

chapters/compute/arena/drills/tasks/sleepy/solution/sleepy_creator.c

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+int main(void)
+{
+	/* TODO 1: Create one `sleep 1000` process using `system`. */
+	system("sleep 1000");
+	puts("Parent process ending.");
+	return 0;
+}

chapters/compute/arena/drills/tasks/sleepy/solution/sleepy_creator.py

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
+
+import subprocess
+from sys import exit
+
+NUM_SLEEPS = 10
+
+
+def main():
+    # TODO 1: Create 10 `sleep 1000` processes using `subprocess.Popen`
+    # Use the documentation: https://docs.python.org/3/library/subprocess.html#subprocess.Popen
+    procs = []
+    for _ in range(NUM_SLEEPS):
+        # Create new process and add it to the list of processes.
+        p = subprocess.Popen(["sleep", "1000"])
+        procs.append(p)
+
+    # TODO 2: Make the current process wait for its child processes.
+    for p in procs:
+        p.wait()
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    exit(main())

chapters/compute/arena/drills/tasks/sleepy/support/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+sleepy_creator
+syscalls.*

chapters/compute/arena/drills/tasks/sleepy/support/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+BINARY = sleepy_creator
+
+all: $(BINARY)
+
+CC = gcc
+
+# Get the relative path to the directory of the current makefile.
+MAKEFILE_DIR := $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))
+INCLUDES_DIR := $(MAKEFILE_DIR)..
+UTILS_DIR := $(MAKEFILE_DIR)/utils
+LOGGER_DIR := $(UTILS_DIR)/log
+
+CPPFLAGS += -I$(INCLUDES_DIR)
+CFLAGS += -g -Wall -Wextra
+LDFLAGS += -z lazy
+LOGGER_OBJ = log.o
+LOGGER = $(LOGGER_DIR)/$(LOGGER_OBJ)
+
+SRCS = $(wildcard *.c)
+OBJS = $(SRCS:.c=.o)
+
+$(LOGGER_OBJ): $(LOGGER_DIR)/log.c
+	@make -C $(LOGGER_DIR) $(LOGGER_OBJ)
+
+$(OBJS): %.o: %.c
+
+clean::
+	-rm -f $(OBJS) $(LOGGER)
+
+.PHONY: clean
+
+$(BINARY): $(OBJS) $(LOGGER)
+	$(CC) $^ $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $(LDLIBS)
+
+clean::
+	-rm -f $(BINARIES)
+
+.PHONY: all clean
+
+clean::
+	-rm -f syscalls*

chapters/compute/arena/drills/tasks/sum-array/solution/python/sum_array_processes.py

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
+
+from math import ceil
+from multiprocessing import Manager, Process
+from random import randint
+from sys import argv
+from time import time_ns
+
+ARR_LEN = 10_000_000
+
+
+def generate_random_array(length=ARR_LEN):
+    return [randint(1, 100) for _ in range(length)]
+
+
+def calculate_array_part_sum(arr, start, end, id, sums):
+    sum_arr = 0
+    for i in range(start, end):
+        sum_arr += arr[i]
+    sums[id] = sum_arr
+
+
+def main():
+    if len(argv) < 2:
+        print(f"Usage: {argv[0]} <num_processes>")
+        return 1
+
+    num_procs = int(argv[1])
+    arr = generate_random_array()
+    sum_arr = 0
+    procs = [None] * num_procs
+    sums = Manager().dict()
+
+    time_start = time_ns()
+
+    for i in range(num_procs):
+        start = i * ceil(ARR_LEN / num_procs)
+        end = min(ARR_LEN, (i + 1) * ceil(ARR_LEN / num_procs))
+        procs[i] = Process(
+            target=calculate_array_part_sum, args=(arr, start, end, i, sums)
+        )
+        procs[i].start()
+
+    for i in range(num_procs):
+        procs[i].join()
+        sum_arr += sums[i]
+
+    time_end = time_ns()
+    time_spent = (time_end - time_start) / 1000_000
+
+    print(f"Array sum is: {sum_arr}; time spent: {time_spent}ms")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    exit(main())