initial

README.md

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+# SetBackground
+
+Simple command line utility that allow you to quickly change desktop background.
+
+## Requirements
+
+- Windows 8/8.1/10/11 x64
+- [.NET 7.x Desktop Runtime](https://dotnet.microsoft.com/en-us/download/dotnet/7.0)
+
+## Usage
+
+_Set a solid color as background_
+```
+.\SetBackground.exe color "#225e89"
+
+```
+_Set a wallpaper as background_
+```
+.\SetBackground.exe wallpaper "D:\Wallpapers\1.png"
+```
+
+_Set a random wallpaper from the directory as background_
+```
+.\SetBackground.exe wallpaper "D:\Wallpapers"
+```
+
+_Show the list of attached monitors_
+```
+.\SetBackground.exe list-monitors
+0 - Generic PnP Monitor
+1 - Dell U2414H(HDMI2)
+```
+
+_Set a wallpaper as background only for the specified monitor and set how the wallpaper is displayed_
+```
+.\SetBackground.exe wallpaper "D:\Wallpapers\1.png" --monitor 1 --position Stretch
+```

SetBackground.sln

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+
+Microsoft Visual Studio Solution File, Format Version 12.00
+# Visual Studio Version 17
+VisualStudioVersion = 17.4.33205.214
+MinimumVisualStudioVersion = 10.0.40219.1
+Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "SetBackground", "SetBackground\SetBackground.csproj", "{7CBC2798-02A7-411B-A5E9-89D09D0453EA}"
+EndProject
+Global
+	GlobalSection(SolutionConfigurationPlatforms) = preSolution
+		Debug|x64 = Debug|x64
+		Release|x64 = Release|x64
+	EndGlobalSection
+	GlobalSection(ProjectConfigurationPlatforms) = postSolution
+		{7CBC2798-02A7-411B-A5E9-89D09D0453EA}.Debug|x64.ActiveCfg = Debug|x64
+		{7CBC2798-02A7-411B-A5E9-89D09D0453EA}.Debug|x64.Build.0 = Debug|x64
+		{7CBC2798-02A7-411B-A5E9-89D09D0453EA}.Release|x64.ActiveCfg = Release|x64
+		{7CBC2798-02A7-411B-A5E9-89D09D0453EA}.Release|x64.Build.0 = Release|x64
+	EndGlobalSection
+	GlobalSection(SolutionProperties) = preSolution
+		HideSolutionNode = FALSE
+	EndGlobalSection
+	GlobalSection(ExtensibilityGlobals) = postSolution
+		SolutionGuid = {5232AA56-8899-4823-9272-5460F8E86A6E}
+	EndGlobalSection
+EndGlobal

SetBackground/Helpers/DesktopWallpaperHelper.cs

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+// Copyright (c) Davide Giacometti. All rights reserved.
+// Licensed under the MIT license. See LICENSE file in the project root for full license information.
+
+using System.Drawing;
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+using Windows.Win32;
+using Windows.Win32.Foundation;
+using Windows.Win32.Graphics.Gdi;
+using Windows.Win32.UI.Shell;
+
+namespace SetBackground
+{
+    public static class DesktopWallpaperHelper
+    {
+        public static void SetDesktopWallpaper(string path, uint? singleMonitorId)
+        {
+            var desktopWallpaper = (IDesktopWallpaper)new DesktopWallpaper();
+            unsafe
+            {
+                uint count;
+                desktopWallpaper.GetMonitorDevicePathCount(&count);
+
+                if (singleMonitorId.HasValue && singleMonitorId >= count)
+                {
+                    Console.WriteLine("The specified monitor ID isn't valid.");
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                var monitorIndex = singleMonitorId.GetValueOrDefault(0);
+                var monitorCount = singleMonitorId.HasValue ? singleMonitorId + 1 : count;
+
+                for (uint i = monitorIndex; i < monitorCount; i++)
+                {
+                    PWSTR monitorId;
+                    desktopWallpaper.GetMonitorDevicePathAt(i, &monitorId);
+                    fixed (char* p = path)
+                    {
+                        var mId = monitorId.Value;
+                        var wallpaper = new PCWSTR(p);
+                        desktopWallpaper.SetWallpaper(mId, wallpaper);
+                        desktopWallpaper.Enable(true);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        public static void SetBackgroundColor(string colorHex)
+        {
+            var desktopWallpaper = (IDesktopWallpaper)new DesktopWallpaper();
+            var color = ColorTranslator.FromHtml(colorHex);
+            var coloref = (COLORREF)(color.R | (uint)color.G << 8 | (uint)color.B << 16);
+            desktopWallpaper.SetBackgroundColor(coloref);
+            desktopWallpaper.Enable(false);
+        }
+
+        public static void SetPosition(Position position)
+        {
+            var desktopWallpaperPosition = position switch
+            {
+                Position.Center => DESKTOP_WALLPAPER_POSITION.DWPOS_CENTER,
+                Position.Tile => DESKTOP_WALLPAPER_POSITION.DWPOS_TILE,
+                Position.Stretch => DESKTOP_WALLPAPER_POSITION.DWPOS_STRETCH,
+                Position.Fit => DESKTOP_WALLPAPER_POSITION.DWPOS_FIT,
+                Position.Fill => DESKTOP_WALLPAPER_POSITION.DWPOS_FILL,
+                Position.Span => DESKTOP_WALLPAPER_POSITION.DWPOS_SPAN,
+                _ => throw new ArgumentException("The position isn't valid", nameof(position)),
+            };
+
+            var desktopWallpaper = (IDesktopWallpaper)new DesktopWallpaper();
+            desktopWallpaper.SetPosition(desktopWallpaperPosition);
+        }
+
+        public static List<(uint Id, string DeviceString)> ListMonitors()
+        {
+            var monitors = new List<(uint, string)>();
+
+            var desktopWallpaper = (IDesktopWallpaper)new DesktopWallpaper();
+            unsafe
+            {
+                uint count;
+                desktopWallpaper.GetMonitorDevicePathCount(&count);
+
+                for (uint i = 0; i < count; i++)
+                {
+                    DISPLAY_DEVICEW displayDevice = default;
+                    displayDevice.cb = (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(displayDevice);
+
+                    if (PInvoke.EnumDisplayDevices(null, i, &displayDevice, 256))
+                    {
+                        if (PInvoke.EnumDisplayDevices(displayDevice.DeviceName.ToString(), 0, ref displayDevice, PInvoke.EDD_GET_DEVICE_INTERFACE_NAME))
+                        {
+                            monitors.Add((i, displayDevice.DeviceString.ToString()));
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            return monitors;
+        }
+    }
+}

SetBackground/Helpers/Position.cs

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+// Copyright (c) Davide Giacometti. All rights reserved.
+// Licensed under the MIT license. See LICENSE file in the project root for full license information.
+
+namespace SetBackground
+{
+    public enum Position
+    {
+        Center = 0,
+        Tile = 1,
+        Stretch = 2,
+        Fit = 3,
+        Fill = 4,
+        Span = 5,
+    }
+}

SetBackground/NativeMethods.txt

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+IDesktopWallpaper
+DesktopWallpaper
+EnumDisplayDevices
+EDD_GET_DEVICE_INTERFACE_NAME

SetBackground/Program.cs

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+// Copyright (c) Davide Giacometti. All rights reserved.
+// Licensed under the MIT license. See LICENSE file in the project root for full license information.
+
+using System.CommandLine;
+using System.CommandLine.Parsing;
+using System.Security.Cryptography;
+using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
+using SetBackground;
+
+var rootCommand = new RootCommand();
+var wallpaperCommand = new Command(
+    name: "wallpaper",
+    description: "Set a wallpaper as background.");
+
+var wallpaperArgument = new Argument<string?>(
+    name: "path",
+    parse: result =>
+    {
+        if (result.Tokens.Count > 0)
+        {
+            var path = result.Tokens[0].Value;
+            if (File.Exists(path))
+            {
+                return Path.GetFullPath(path);
+            }
+            else if (Directory.Exists(path))
+            {
+                var files = Directory.GetFiles(Path.GetFullPath(path));
+                if (files.Any())
+                {
+                    var randomIndex = RandomNumberGenerator.GetInt32(0, files.Length);
+                    return files[randomIndex];
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    result.ErrorMessage = $"{path} doesn't contain any files.";
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                result.ErrorMessage = $"{path} isn't a valid path.";
+            }
+        }
+
+        return null;
+    },
+    description: "Path of the image to use as a background. If the path is a directory a random file will be picked.");
+
+var positionOption = new Option<Position?>(
+    name: "--position",
+    description: "Specify how the wallpaper is displayed.");
+
+var monitorIdOption = new Option<uint?>(
+    name: "--monitor",
+    description: "Change the wallpaper only for the specified monitor ID.");
+
+var colorCommand = new Command(
+    name: "color",
+    description: "Set a color as background.");
+
+var colorArgument = new Argument<string?>(
+    name: "color",
+    parse: result =>
+    {
+        if (result.Tokens.Count > 0)
+        {
+            var color = result.Tokens[0].Value;
+            if (ColorRegex().IsMatch(color))
+            {
+                return color;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                result.ErrorMessage = $"{color} isn't a valid color.";
+            }
+        }
+
+        return null;
+    },
+    description: "Color to set as background.");
+
+var listMonitorsCommand = new Command(
+    name: "list-monitors",
+    description: "Show the list of attached monitors.");
+
+rootCommand.AddCommand(wallpaperCommand);
+wallpaperCommand.AddArgument(wallpaperArgument);
+wallpaperCommand.AddOption(positionOption);
+wallpaperCommand.AddOption(monitorIdOption);
+wallpaperCommand.SetHandler(SetWallpaper, wallpaperArgument, positionOption, monitorIdOption);
+
+rootCommand.AddCommand(colorCommand);
+colorCommand.AddArgument(colorArgument);
+colorCommand.SetHandler(SetColor, colorArgument);
+
+rootCommand.AddCommand(listMonitorsCommand);
+listMonitorsCommand.SetHandler(ListMonitors);
+
+await rootCommand.InvokeAsync(args);
+
+static void SetWallpaper(string? path, Position? position, uint? monitorId)
+{
+    if (path == null)
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    DesktopWallpaperHelper.SetDesktopWallpaper(path, monitorId);
+
+    if (position.HasValue)
+    {
+        DesktopWallpaperHelper.SetPosition(position.Value);
+    }
+}
+
+static void SetColor(string? color)
+{
+    if (color == null)
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    DesktopWallpaperHelper.SetBackgroundColor(color);
+}
+
+static void ListMonitors()
+{
+    var monitors = DesktopWallpaperHelper.ListMonitors();
+
+    foreach (var m in monitors)
+    {
+        Console.WriteLine("{0} - {1}", m.Id, m.DeviceString);
+    }
+}
+
+public partial class Program
+{
+    [GeneratedRegex("[#][0-9A-Fa-f]{6}\\b")]
+    private static partial Regex ColorRegex();
+}

SetBackground/SetBackground.csproj

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+<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
+
+  <PropertyGroup>
+    <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
+    <TargetFramework>net7.0-windows8.0</TargetFramework>
+    <ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
+    <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
+    <Platforms>x64</Platforms>
+    <RuntimeIdentifier>win-x64</RuntimeIdentifier>
+    <PublishSingleFile>true</PublishSingleFile>
+    <PublishReadyToRun>true</PublishReadyToRun>
+    <Copyright>Copyright (C) 2022 Davide Giacometti</Copyright>
+    <Version>1.0.0.0</Version>
+    <AppendTargetFrameworkToOutputPath>false</AppendTargetFrameworkToOutputPath>
+    <AppendRuntimeIdentifierToOutputPath>false</AppendRuntimeIdentifierToOutputPath>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+
+  <PropertyGroup>
+    <GenerateDocumentationFile>true</GenerateDocumentationFile>
+    <TreatWarningsAsErrors>true</TreatWarningsAsErrors>
+    <NoWarn>1591</NoWarn>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <AdditionalFiles Include="StyleCop.json" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Windows.CsWin32" Version="0.2.164-beta">
+      <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
+      <IncludeAssets>runtime; build; native; contentfiles; analyzers; buildtransitive</IncludeAssets>
+    </PackageReference>
+    <PackageReference Include="StyleCop.Analyzers" Version="1.2.0-beta.435">
+      <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
+      <IncludeAssets>runtime; build; native; contentfiles; analyzers; buildtransitive</IncludeAssets>
+    </PackageReference>
+    <PackageReference Include="System.CommandLine" Version="2.0.0-beta4.22272.1" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+
+</Project>

SetBackground/StyleCop.json

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+{
+  "$schema": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/DotNetAnalyzers/StyleCopAnalyzers/master/StyleCop.Analyzers/StyleCop.Analyzers/Settings/stylecop.schema.json",
+  "settings": {
+    "documentationRules": {
+      "xmlHeader": false,
+      "companyName": "Davide Giacometti",
+      "copyrightText": "Copyright (c) {companyName}. All rights reserved.\nLicensed under the {licenseName} license. See {licenseFile} file in the project root for full license information.",
+      "variables": {
+        "licenseName": "MIT",
+        "licenseFile": "LICENSE"
+      },
+      "documentExposedElements": false
+    },
+    "layoutRules": {
+      "newlineAtEndOfFile": "require"
+    },
+    "indentation": {
+      "indentationSize": 4
+    },
+    "orderingRules": {
+      "usingDirectivesPlacement": "outsideNamespace",
+      "systemUsingDirectivesFirst": true
+    }
+  }
+}