[7.17] Bump Golang version to 1.19.12

[cmacknz]

Manually bump the Go version to 1.19.12.

[elasticmachine]

Pinging @elastic/elastic-agent (Team:Elastic-Agent)

[elasticmachine]

💔 Build Failed

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Build stats

• Start Time: 2023-08-04T18:37:11.530+0000

• Duration: 210 min 45 sec

Test stats 🧪

Test	Results
Failed	0
Passed	22190
Skipped	1402
Total	23592

Steps errors

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Building Beats » Beats Packaging » PR-36247

• Took 111 min 36 sec . View more details here
• Description: null

💚 Flaky test report

Tests succeeded.

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[cmacknz]

Ignoring the E2E failures here, they are also failing on main 7.17.