Monitoring Gait at Home with Radio Waves in Parkinson's Disease: a Marker of Severity, Progression, and Medication Response

This repo includes the code for the Science Translational Medicine paper Liu et al. 2022.

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Environment and dependency

The code is developed and tested on Ubuntu 18.04, Python 3.9, R 3.6.1. We recommend using conda to handle environments and dependencies.

Python

Create a new conda environment and install dependencies:

conda create -y -n pd_gait_py39 python=3.9
conda activate pd_gait_py39
pip install numpy scipy matplotlib seaborn pandas streamlit pingouin plotly tqdm openpyxl

Add this repo to PYTHONPATH.

export PYTHONPATH={$PATH_TO_THIS_REPO}:$PYTHONPATH

For example, if you downloaded this repo to $HOME/code/rf-pd-gait/, run this:

export PYTHONPATH=$HOME/code/rf-pd-gait/:$PYTHONPATH

R

Install R and dependencies with conda:

conda install -y -c r r
conda install -y -c conda-forge r-nloptr r-rcppeigen

In R CLI, run following command to install packages:

install.packages(c('ggeffects', 'lmerTest', 'argparse', 'crayon'))

Data

Download and save data to ./data. Once they are ready, the folder should look like this:

data
├── covariate_adjusted_lm                 // request and download: https://rf-pd-gait.csail.mit.edu/
│  └── data.csv
├── data.xlsx                             // download from supplementary material
├── longitudinal_data_linear_regression   // request and download: https://rf-pd-gait.csail.mit.edu/
│  ├── hc.csv
│  └── pd.csv
└── ppmi                                  // request and download: https://www.ppmi-info.org/
   ├── Consensus_Committee_Analytic_Datasets_28OCT21.xlsx
   ├── MDS-UPDRS_Part_I.csv
   ├── MDS-UPDRS_Part_I_Patient_Questionnaire.csv
   ├── MDS-UPDRS_Part_IV__Motor_Complications.csv
   ├── MDS_UPDRS_Part_II__Patient_Questionnaire.csv
   ├── MDS_UPDRS_Part_III.csv
   └── Participant_Status.csv

If you only have access to parts of the data, the code will still work. However, it only produces results that correspond to the available data.

Steps to produce results

Main results (fig.2~6, fig.S2, and figS3, etc.)

This part of the results requires you to have ./data/data.xlsx.

Initialize a visualization server:

streamlit run ./scripts/visualization.py

Go to the visualization webpage with a browser. The server will run statistical analysis and visualize the outcomes when you click on different pages.

Available pages are: test_retest_reliability, baseline_cross_sectional, longitudinal_analysis, medication_response_motor_fluctuation, covid_lock_down, and hospitalization.

Monte Carlo simulation: MDS-UPDRS PPMI

This part of the results requires you to have ./data/ppmi.

Initialize the same visualization server:

streamlit run ./scripts/visualization.py

Results can be found on the page: ppmi_longitudinal_analysis.

Confounding variables analysis

This part of the results requires you to have ./data/covariate_adjusted_lm.

Run R script:

Rscript ./scripts/cross_sectional_analysis_with_covariates.r

Results can be found in the stdout of this command.

Linear mixed-effects model for longitudinal gait decline

This part of the results requires you to have ./data/longitudianl_data_linear_regression.

Run R script:

Rscript ./scripts/longitudinal_analysis.r

Results can be found in the stdout of this command.

License

This repo is licensed under the MIT License and the copyright belongs to all rf-pd-gait project authors - see the LICENSE file for details.

Citation

@article{liu2022monitoring,
  title={Monitoring gait at home with radio waves in Parkinson’s disease: A marker of severity, progression, and medication response},
  author={Liu, Yingcheng and Zhang, Guo and Tarolli, Christopher G and Hristov, Rumen and Jensen-Roberts, Stella and Waddell, Emma M and Myers, Taylor L and Pawlik, Meghan E and Soto, Julia M and Wilson, Renee M and others},
  journal={Science Translational Medicine},
  volume={14},
  number={663},
  pages={eadc9669},
  year={2022},
  publisher={American Association for the Advancement of Science}
  doi={10.1126/scitranslmed.adc9669},
  URL={https://www.science.org/doi/abs/10.1126/scitranslmed.adc9669},
  eprint={https://www.science.org/doi/pdf/10.1126/scitranslmed.adc9669}
}

Contact

Email: [email protected]