Added links to recordings for agsx2023.md

_pages/agsx2023.md

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ Additionally, those interested in continuing the discussions from these sessions
 Organized and moderated by [Kristin Duffield](https://www.ars.usda.gov/midwest-area/peoria-il/national-center-for-agricultural-utilization-research/cbp/people/kristin-duffield/), USDA-ARS, [National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research](https://www.ars.usda.gov/midwest-area/peoria-il/national-center-for-agricultural-utilization-research/), Peoria, IL USA & [Brenda Oppert](https://www.ars.usda.gov/plains-area/mhk/cgahr/spieru/people/brenda-oppert/), USDA ARS, [Stored Product Insect and Engineering Research Unit](https://www.ars.usda.gov/plains-area/mhk/cgahr/spieru/), Manhattan, KS USA
 
 
-| __Session 1: Genomics for Insects as Food and Feed__ | __[March 7, 2023 10am-12pm CST/11am-1pm EST/5-7pm CET](https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?msg=AGSx+2023+Session+1&iso=20230307T11&p1=419&ah=2)__ |
+| __Session 1: Genomics for Insects as Food and Feed__ | __[Video Recording](https://youtu.be/nzYkRAC2qi4)__ |
 | ---- | ----- |
 | <img src="/images/AGSx_2023_speaker__Sellem.JPG"/> __[Eliaou Sellem](https://www.linkedin.com/in/elisellem/?originalSubdomain=fr)__ <br><br>[Ynsect](http://www.ynsect.com/en/), Paris, France |<br>__Title:__ Design of reference population for Tenebrio molitor genomic selection<br><br>__Summary:__  *Tenebrio molitor* is now a promising alternative to produce high quality protein products with low environmental impact. However to have a worldwide impact on feed and food alimentation, the production must scale up at industrialization phase and deliver several kilotons of insect proteins per year. This production objective implies an important concentration of individuals in the same place, leading to deal with the genetic diversity and the performance of the strains currently farmed. The long range success of the insect farming industry requires a deep understanding of *Tenebrio molitor* genetic dimension. However several innovations, in both area of genetics/genomics and automated phenotyping solutions are necessary to develop an efficient selection scheme. That's why Ÿnsect is leading an ambitious 6 year R&D program called ŸnFABRE, in collaboration with the CEA, Thermo-Fisher and Aprex-Solutions. The main objective of this project is to develop all the required tools to propose a genomic selection scheme adapted to our industrial farming conditions. Four main traits will be selected across generations: reproduction, growth, food efficiency and disease resistance. The first year of the project has seen the construction of the population of reference, regrouping 4,000 phenotyped individuals. This population was generated through single pair matings (1 vs 1) by choosing male and female as distantly related as possible. About 700 couples were mated per generation and 3 generations were needed to form this reference population under pedigree. Several phenotypes have been assessed, a part of them characterized the couple (daily or total egg laying count, hatching rate, larval growth or feed efficiency) and another part was uniquely linked to individual (pupae - imago - adult weight, sex identification or developmental time egg to pupae). After the laying period, the adults were flash-frozen and DNA extracted. A subset have been fully sequenced, identifying all the SNP candidates to produce the genotyping HD array (~700K), and the rest will be genotyped. The genetic study highlighted a part of the variability of assessed phenotypes directly linked to additive genetic effect. Indeed, heritabilities ranged between 0.21 to 0.45 for reproduction phenotypes, 0.12 to 0.57 for growth parameters and 0.20 to 0.46 for developmental time according to the parameter studied. While waiting for the genotyping results and the calculating of GEBVs, this genetic study will allow us to establish the first lines selected for traits of interest based on EBVs.<br><br>|
 | <img src="/images/AGSx_2023_speaker_Martinez_Castillero.jpg"/> <br>__[Maria Martinez Castillero](https://www.linkedin.com/in/mmartinezcastillero/)__ <br><br>[Beta Bugs](https://www.betabugs.uk/), Roslin Innovation Centre, University of Edinburgh, Roslin, United Kingdom |<br>__Title:__ Implementation of genetics and technology for Black Soldier fly production<br><br>__Summary:__ Insect farming industry is on early stages. The main focus has been on rearing conditions and mass production, and currently we can see that genetics is getting the attention. Besides, Black Soldier fly is emerging as the top species for feed as it valorises the waste stream. This presentation showcases the work done in Beta Bugs, an insect genetics company, alongside Roslin Institute, during the past year. The main focus has been putting in place processes and strategies alongside technology tools, enabling us to implement selective breeding and standardise practices in a novel sector in which there is not an ABC of how a breeding programme should be implemented and we are learning as we go.<br><br>|
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ Organized and moderated by [Kristin Duffield](https://www.ars.usda.gov/midwest-a
 Organized and moderated by [Lindsey Perkin](https://www.ars.usda.gov/people-locations/person?person-id=53466), USDA-ARS, [Insect Control and Cotton Disease Research Unit](https://www.ars.usda.gov/plains-area/college-station-tx/southern-plains-agricultural-research-center/insect-control-and-cotton-disease-research/), College Station, TX, USA
 
 
-| __Session 2: Insect Genome Biology and Evolution__ | __[April 11, 2023 10am-12pm am CST/ 11am-1pm EST/ 5-7pm CET](https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?msg=AGSx+2023+Session+2&iso=20230411T11&p1=419&ah=2)__ |
+| __Session 2: Insect Genome Biology and Evolution__ | __[Video Recording](https://youtu.be/Tq36HlQWjFA)__ |
 | ---- | ----- |
 | <img src="/images/AGSx_2023_speaker_Sproul.jpg"/> __[John Sproul](https://www.unomaha.edu/college-of-arts-and-sciences/biology/about-us/directory/john-sproul.php)__ <br><br>Department of Biology, University of Nebraska Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska USA |<br>__Title:__ Hundreds of insect genomes reveal a dynamic landscape of repetitive elements and illustrate annotation challenges in the era of biodiversity genomics<br><br>__Summary:__ Repetitive elements (REs) are integral to the composition, structure, and function of eukaryotic genomes, yet remain understudied in most taxonomic groups. This study examines REs across 601 insect species and reports wide variation in REs dynamics across groups. Analysis of associations between REs and protein-coding genes revealed dynamic evolution at the interface between REs and coding regions across insects, including notably elevated RE-gene associations in lineages with abundant long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs). We leveraged this large, empirical data set to quantify impacts of long-read technology on RE detection and investigate fundamental challenges to RE annotation in diverse groups. In long-read assemblies we detected ~36% more REs than short-read assemblies, with long terminal repeats (LTRs) showing 162% increased detection, while DNA transposons and LINEs showed less respective technology-related bias. In most insect lineages, 25–85% of repetitive sequences were “unclassified” following automated annotation, compared to only ~13% in *Drosophila* species. Although the diversity of available insect genomes has rapidly expanded, we show the rate of community contributions to RE databases has not kept pace, preventing efficient annotation and high-resolution study of REs in most groups. We highlight the tremendous opportunity and need for the biodiversity genomics field to embrace REs and suggest collective steps for making progress towards this goal.<br><br>|
 | <img src="/images/AGSx_2023_speaker_Tholl.jpg"/> __[Dorothea Tholl](https://www.biol.vt.edu/faculty/tholl/index.html)__ <br><br>Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia USA |<br>__Title:__ Genomic organization and evolution of terpene pheromone biosynthetic genes in stink bugs<br><br>__Summary:__ Insects release volatile compounds of the diverse class of terpenes as pheromones or for chemical defense. Surprisingly little is known about whether insects can synthesize terpenes de novo and how terpene biosynthetic genes have evolved in insect genomes. To address these questions, we investigated the family of isoprenyl diphosphate synthase (IDS)-like genes with terpene synthase (TPS) function in the diverse group of stink bugs (Pentatomidae). Stink bugs include economically important pests with severe impact on many agricultural crops in the Neotropics and worldwide. We found that species of different geographical origin maintain small IDS-type families with genes of conserved TPS function, which give rise to structurally related terpene sex or aggregation pheromones. IDS-type TPS enzymes likely emerged at the onset of pentatomid evolution over 100 million years ago, coinciding with the evolution of flowering plants. Expanded gene mining and phylogenetic analysis in other hemipteran insects provided evidence for an ancient emergence of IDS-like genes from canonical IDSs, and this process occurred independently from a similar evolution of IDS-type TPS genes in beetles. Knowledge of pheromone biosynthesis in stink bugs may lead to the development of new controls of these pests.<br><br>|
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ Organized and moderated by [Lindsey Perkin](https://www.ars.usda.gov/people-loca
 Organized and moderated by [Jay Evans](https://www.ars.usda.gov/people-locations/person?person-id=10065), USDA-ARS, [Bee Research Laboratory](https://www.ars.usda.gov/northeast-area/beltsville-md-barc/beltsville-agricultural-research-center/bee-research-laboratory/), Beltsville, MD, USA
 
 
-| __Session 3: Beenome100 and Comparative Bee Genomics__ | __[May 9, 2023 10am-12pm am CST/ 11am-1pm EST/ 5-7pm CET](https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/fixedtime.html?msg=AGSx+2023+Session+3&iso=20230509T11&p1=419&ah=2)__ |
+| __Session 3: Beenome100 and Comparative Bee Genomics__ | __[Video Recording](https://youtu.be/1aPTTCmswyk)__ |
 | ---- | ----- |
 | <img src="/images/AGSx_2023_speaker_Lopez-Uribe.jpeg"/> __[Margarita Lopez-Uribe](https://ento.psu.edu/directory/mml64)__ <br><br>Department of Entomology, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania USA |<br>__Title:__ Phylogenomics and the impacts of agriculture on a native squash bee<br><br>__Summary:__ The expansion of agriculture has accelerated the conversion of natural habitats into productive areas dominated by crops. These land-use changes have precipitated the local extinction of many wild bee species, while other species have benefited and adapted to the expansion of agricultural niches. In this talk, I will present a summary of studies on the phylogeography and population genomics of the squash bee *Eucera pruinosa* that indicate that the recent demographic history of this crop pollinator has been shaped by the expansion and intensification of agriculture. Squash bees have the potential to become model systems to understand how bee pollinators are adapting to the new ecological conditions that agricultural environments are posing on them. <br><br>|
 | <img src="/images/AGSx_2023_speaker_Avalos.jpg"/> <br>__[Arian Avalos](https://www.ars.usda.gov/people-locations/person/?person-id=53880)__ <br><br>USDA-ARS, [Honey Bee Breeding, Genetics, and Physiology Research Unit](https://www.ars.usda.gov/southeast-area/baton-rouge-la/honeybeelab/), Baton Rouge, Louisiana USA |<br>__Title:__ The honey bee pangenome: A key tool for cataloguing and analyzing genetic information<br><br>__Summary:__ Honey bee populations are known to be highly genetically diverse, however, the current approaches to exploring this variation are limited. Specifically, much of what is known in honey bee genetics is dependent on the degree of similarity to a single reference genome. Though efforts have been made to develop subspecies-specific references, allowing for a higher degree of resolution, this alternative is still limited in the scope of genetic variation examined. Here we outline the current challenges and present a set of ongoing and future projects that aim to improve the study of honey bee genetic variation. We describe our efforts to develop a honey bee pangenome for research populations and outline future goals towards a honey bee pangenome that incorporates world-wide variation. The primary aims of this effort are to (1) introduce a working approach towards development and practical use of pangenomes in honey bee research, and (2) to provide tools in the form of graph assemblies and a catalogues of honey bee genetic diversity. We hope insights from these projects will inform future honey bee research and establish a robust approach towards our greater understanding of honey bee genetic variation.<br><br>|