Add the trex tutorial document

doc/Trex tutorial document.md

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+ TRex是⼀款开源的发包⼯具，它跑在标准的intel处理芯⽚上，同时⽀持stateful和stateless模式，stateful可以描述L4~L7 层的应⽤场景，⽽stateless主要⽤来进⾏定制包的发送。 
+
+ **T-Rex 特性**  
+
+1. Stateful 
+
+- ⽀持⾼达200Gb/s的流量测试，需要⽹卡及CPU⽀持，⼀般跟core个数有关 
+
+- ⽀持时延和抖动，⽀持NAT/PAT⾃动学习，⽀持L4~L7 
+
+2. Stateless  
+
+- 轻易产⽣stateless traffic stream，⽀持⼤流量 20mpps，⽀持stream并发，⽀持更改报⽂字段范围 
+- ⽀持Continuous/Burst/Multi-burst support，⽀持console/GUI，⽀持每条流的统计 
+- ⽀持pythonAPI 
+
+ **安装** 
+
+1.  下载最新v2.56版本：  
+
+   ```
+   # wget https://github.com/cisco-system-traffic-generator/trex-core/archive/v2.56.tar.gz
+   # tar -xvf v2.56.tar.gz
+   # cd trex-core-2.56/
+   ```
+
+2. 编译源码：
+
+   ```
+   # yum install gcc gcc-c++ kernel-devel
+   # cd linux_dpdk/
+   # ./b configure
+   # ./b build
+   # cd ../linux
+   # ./b configure
+   # ./b build
+   ```
+
+3.  修改配置⽂件，绑定测试端⼝： 
+
+   ```
+   # cat /etc/trex_cfg.yaml
+   ### Config file generated by dpdk_setup_ports.py ###
+   - version: 2
+    interfaces: ['02:00.0', '02:00.1']
+    port_info:
+        - ip: 10.142.116.28
+        default_gw: 10.142.116.254
+        dest_mac: 00:00:0c:9f:f3:74
+        - ip: 10.142.117.28
+        default_gw: 10.142.117.254
+        dest_mac: 00:00:0c:9f:f3:75
+    platform:
+        master_thread_id: 0
+        latency_thread_id: 8
+        dual_if:
+            - socket: 0
+            threads: [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23]
+   ```
+
+4. 启动t-rex服务
+
+   ```
+   # cd ../scripts
+   # ./t-rex-64 -i
+   ```
+
+5.  另外开⼀个终端，启动trex-console，进⼊service模式，执⾏arp命令⾃动解析⽹关mac地址： 
+
+   ```
+   # ./trex-console
+   …
+   trex>service
+
+   Enabling service mode on port(s) [0, 1]: [SUCCESS]
+
+   8.51 [ms]
+
+   trex(service)>arp
+
+   Resolving destination on port(s) [0, 1]: [SUCCESS]
+
+   Port 0 - Recieved ARP reply from: 10.142.116.254, hw: 00:00:0c:9f:f3:74
+   Port 1 - Recieved ARP reply from: 10.142.117.254, hw: 00:00:0c:9f:f3:75
+
+   443.34 [ms]
+   ```
+
+6.  执⾏ping测试⽹关连通性：  
+
+   ```
+   trex(service)>ping -p 0 -d 10.142.116.254
+
+   Pinging 10.142.116.254 from port 0 with 64 bytes of data:
+   Reply from 10.142.116.254: bytes=64, time=1.04ms, TTL=255
+   Reply from 10.142.116.254: bytes=64, time=0.84ms, TTL=255
+   Reply from 10.142.116.254: bytes=64, time=1.35ms, TTL=255
+   Reply from 10.142.116.254: bytes=64, time=1.43ms, TTL=255
+   Reply from 10.142.116.254: bytes=64, time=1.23ms, TTL=255
+   trex(service)>ping -p 1 -d 10.142.117.254
+
+   Pinging 10.142.117.254 from port 1 with 64 bytes of data:
+   Reply from 10.142.117.254: bytes=64, time=1.48ms, TTL=255
+   Reply from 10.142.117.254: bytes=64, time=2.33ms, TTL=255
+   Reply from 10.142.117.254: bytes=64, time=1.63ms, TTL=255
+   Reply from 10.142.117.254: bytes=64, time=1.44ms, TTL=255
+   Reply from 10.142.117.254: bytes=64, time=1.29ms, TTL=255 **Stateful** 
+   ```
+
+ **Stateful**
+
+Stateful模式指的是⽹络设备对每条流保存其五元组，TRex通常先录制⼀条流的⼀组报⽂，随后以这组报⽂为模板，在真 正测试的时候，更改其src/dst IP和Port，TRex⾃身没有协议栈，却让⽹络设备有了状态，因此它可以测试L4~L7层的应 ⽤，重点是提前录制连接的过程。 
+
+1. 设置端⼝与DUT相连，修改trex配置： 
+
+   ```
+   ![pcap](E:\code\github\dpvs\doc\pics\pcap.png)# cat /etc/trex_cfg.yaml
+   - port_limit : 2
+    version : 2
+   #List of interfaces. Change to suit your setup. Use ./dpdk_setup_ports.py -s to see available
+   options
+    interfaces : ["07:00.0", "07:00.1"]
+    port_info : # Port IPs. Change to suit your needs. In case of loopback, you can leave as
+   is.
+        - ip : 10.142.117.100
+        default_gw : 10.142.117.254
+        dest_mac : 6c:92:bf:13:ee:36
+        - ip : 10.142.117.101
+        default_gw : 10.142.117.254
+        dest_mac : 6c:92:bf:13:ee:37
+   ```
+
+2.  以http访问测试为例，⾸先抓取访问http⼀次访问的包作为模板，保存为http_test.pcap，内容参考如下：    ![pcap](pics/pcap.png)
+
+3.  新增yaml设定，内容参考如下： 
+
+   ```
+   # cat http_test.yaml
+   - duration : 0.1
+    generator :
+        distribution : "seq"
+        clients_start : "10.142.117.100"
+        clients_end : "10.142.117.131"
+        servers_start : "10.142.116.1"
+        servers_end : "10.142.116.1"
+        clients_per_gb : 201
+        min_clients : 101
+        dual_port_mask : "1.0.0.0"
+        tcp_aging : 0
+        udp_aging : 0
+    cap_ipg : true
+    cap_info :
+        - name: http_test.pcap
+        cps : 2.776
+        ipg : 10000
+        rtt : 10000
+        w : 1
+   ```
+
+4.  执⾏trex命令测试： 
+
+   ```
+   # ./t-rex-64 -f http_test.yaml -d 100 -m 100 -v 7
+   ```
+
+ **ASTF** 
+
+ASTF是⾼级statefull测试模式，可以通过python脚本⾃动化测试L4~L7场景，尤其对TCP协议栈⽀持⽐较完善。下⾯以通 过wget访问nginx⻚⾯为例，步骤如下： 
+
+1. ⽹络拓扑参考如下： 
+
+   ![topology](pics/topology.png)
+
+2. 修改python测试脚本： 
+
+   ```
+   # cat astf/nginx_wget.py
+   from trex.astf.api import *
+
+   class Prof1():
+        def get_profile(self, **kwargs):
+            # ip generator
+            ip_gen_c = ASTFIPGenDist(ip_range = ["10.142.165.100", "10.142.165.131"],
+   distribution="seq")
+            ip_gen_s = ASTFIPGenDist(ip_range = ["10.142.166.100", "10.142.166.131"],
+   distribution="seq")
+            ip_gen = ASTFIPGen(glob = ASTFIPGenGlobal(ip_offset="1.0.0.0"),
+                dist_client = ip_gen_c,
+                dist_server = ip_gen_s)
+
+            return ASTFProfile(default_ip_gen = ip_gen,
+                                cap_list = [ASTFCapInfo(file = 'nginx.pcap',
+                                cps = 1)])
+   def register():
+        return Prof1()
+   ```
+
+3. 以astf模式开启trex服务： 
+
+   ```
+   # ./t-rex-64 -i --astf
+   ```
+
+4. 另外开终端，打开trex-console：
+
+   ```
+   # ./trex-console
+   ```
+
+5. 执⾏start命令模拟wget访问nginx服务： 
+
+   ```
+   ![tui](E:\code\github\dpvs\doc\pics\tui.png)trex>start -f astf/nginx_wget.py -m 90000 -d 1000
+
+   Loading traffic at acquired ports.                     [SUCCESS]
+
+   Starting traffic.                                      [SUCCESS]
+
+   31.48 [ms]
+   ```
+
+6. 执⾏tui命令在后台监控流量情况，可以看到带宽基本都被打满（tx：10.01Gbps，rx：9.92Gbps）： 
+
+   ![tui](pics/tui.png)
+
+ **Stateless测试**
+
+Stateless是基于构包和发包两个阶段来完成， 构包完全基于python的scapy库，⽽发包则是其⾃开发的trex_stl_lib来完 成。 
+
+1.  Stateless测试默认⽀持GUI模式，既远程通过界⾯配置trex，⾸先需要安装客户端，下载链接如下：
+
+    https://github.com/cisco-system-traffic-generator/trex-stateless-gui/releases 
+
+2.  在服务端以交互模式开启t-rex-64： 
+
+   ```
+   # t-rex-64 -i
+   ```
+
+3. 打开客户端界⾯，连接trex服务： ![trex-gui1](pics/trex-gui1.png)
+
+4. 这边port0跟port1分别对应dpdk绑定的⽹卡端⼝，发包在0端⼝发，1端⼝收： ![trex-gui2](pics/trex-gui2.png)
+
+5. 点进port，开启Service模式，并强制获取配置权限：
+
+   ![trex-gui3](pics/trex-gui3.png)
+
+6. 进Configuration菜单，设置端⼝ip及⽹关，点击Apply，如果⽹关地址arp解析成功说明配置正确：
+
+   ![trex-gui4](pics/trex-gui4.png)
+
+7. 新建profile配置，带宽100%，添加udp⼩包（64字节）测试项： 
+
+   ![trex-gui5](pics/trex-gui5.png)
+
+   ![trex-gui6](pics/trex-gui6.png)
+
+   ![trex-gui7](pics/trex-gui7.png)
+
+8. 右击profile，执⾏play动作进⾏发包压测：  
+
+   ![trex-gui8](pics/trex-gui8.png)
+
+9. 查看stat监控，如果TX跟RX的pps基本保持⼀致，说明丢包率较低，以下截图中测试结果是在万兆⽹卡上压测数 据，pps为14Mpps说明已经接近100%线速，这是最理想的数据： 
+
+   ![trex-gui9](pics/trex-gui9.png)
+
+   ![trex-gui10](pics/trex-gui10.png)
+
+ **参考链接：**
+
+ https://trex-tgn.cisco.com/trex/doc/index.html
+
+ https://github.com/cisco-system-traffic-generator/trex-core/wiki
+
+ https://trex-tgn.cisco.com/trex/doc/trex_faq.html