🦭 mariadb-operator

Run and operate MariaDB in a cloud native way. Declaratively manage your MariaDB using Kubernetes CRDs rather than imperative commands.

• Easily provision MariaDB servers in Kubernetes.
• Highly configurable MariaDB servers.
• Multiple HA modes: Galera and SemiSync Replication.
• Automated primary failover.
• Automated Galera cluster recovery.
• Enhanced HA with MaxScale: a sophisticated database proxy, router, and load balancer designed specifically for and by MariaDB.
• Flexible storage configuration. Volume expansion.
• Take and restore backups.
• Scheduled backups.
• Multiple backup storage types: S3 compatible, PVCs and Kubernetes volumes.
• Backup retention policy.
• Backup compression: bzip2 and gzip algorithms supported.
• Target recovery time: infer which backup to restore.
• Bootstrap new instances from: Backups, S3, PVCs ...
• Multiple update strategies: ReplicasFirstPrimaryLast, RollingUpdate, OnDelete and Never.
• Cluster-aware rolling update: roll out replica Pods one by one, wait for each of them to become ready, and then proceed with the primary Pod.
• Automated data-plane updates.
• my.cnf configuration. Automatically trigger updates when my.cnf changes.
• Suspend operator reconciliation for maintenance operations.
• Prometheus metrics via mysqld-exporter.
• Declaratively manage SQL resources: users, grants and logical databases.
• Configure connections for your applications.
• Orchestrate and schedule sql scripts.
• Validation webhooks to provide CRD immutability.
• Additional printer columns to report the current CRD status.
• CRDs designed according to the Kubernetes API conventions.
• Install it using helm, OLM or static manifests.
• Multiple deployment modes: cluster-wide and single namespace.
• Multi-arch distroless image.
• GitOps friendly.

Please, refer to the documentation, the API reference and the example suite for further detail.

Helm installation

You can easily deploy the operator to your cluster by installing the mariadb-operator-crds and mariadb-operator Helm charts:

helm repo add mariadb-operator https://helm.mariadb.com/mariadb-operator
helm install mariadb-operator-crds mariadb-operator/mariadb-operator-crds
helm install mariadb-operator mariadb-operator/mariadb-operator

Refer to the helm documentation for further detail.

Openshift installation

The Openshift installation is managed separately in the mariadb-operator-helm repository, which contains a helm based operator that allows you to install mariadb-operator via OLM.

Image compatibility

mariadb-operator is only compatible with official MariaDB images. Refer to the images documentation for further detail.

MariaDB compatibility

• MariaDB Community >= 10.5
• MariaDB Enterprise >= 10.5

Kubernetes compatibility

• Kubernetes >= 1.26
• OpenShift >= 1.13

Migrate your MariaDB instance to Kubernetes

This migration guide will streamline your onboarding process and assist you in migrating your data into a MariaDB instance running on Kubernetes.

Quickstart

Let's see mariadb-operator🦭 in action! First of all, install the following configuration manifests that will be referenced by the CRDs further:

kubectl apply -f examples/manifests/config

Next, you can proceed with the installation of a MariaDB instance:

kubectl apply -f examples/manifests/mariadb.yaml

kubectl get mariadbs
NAME      READY   STATUS    PRIMARY POD     AGE
mariadb   True    Running   mariadb-0       3m57s

kubectl get statefulsets
NAME      READY   AGE
mariadb   1/1     2m12s

kubectl get services
NAME         TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)             AGE
mariadb      ClusterIP   10.96.235.145   <none>        3306/TCP,9104/TCP   2m17s

Up and running 🚀, we can now create our first logical database and grant access to users:

kubectl apply -f examples/manifests/database.yaml
kubectl apply -f examples/manifests/user.yaml
kubectl apply -f examples/manifests/grant.yaml

kubectl get databases
NAME        READY   STATUS    CHARSET   COLLATE           AGE
data-test   True    Created   utf8      utf8_general_ci   22s

kubectl get users
NAME              READY   STATUS    MAXCONNS   AGE
user              True    Created   20         29s

kubectl get grants
NAME              READY   STATUS    DATABASE   TABLE   USERNAME          GRANTOPT   AGE
user              True    Created   *          *       user              true       36s

At this point, we can run our database initialization scripts:

kubectl apply -f examples/manifests/sqljobs

kubectl get sqljobs
NAME       COMPLETE   STATUS    MARIADB   AGE
01-users   True       Success   mariadb   2m47s
02-repos   True       Success   mariadb   2m47s
03-stars   True       Success   mariadb   2m47s

kubectl get jobs
NAME                  COMPLETIONS   DURATION   AGE
01-users              1/1           10s        3m23s
02-repos              1/1           11s        3m13s
03-stars-28067562     1/1           10s        106s

kubectl get cronjobs
NAME       SCHEDULE      SUSPEND   ACTIVE   LAST SCHEDULE   AGE
03-stars   */1 * * * *   False     0        57s             2m33s

Now that the database has been initialized, let's take a backup:

kubectl apply -f examples/manifests/backup.yaml

kubectl get backups
NAME               COMPLETE   STATUS    MARIADB   AGE
backup             True       Success   mariadb   15m

kubectl get jobs
NAME               COMPLETIONS   DURATION   AGE
backup-27782894    1/1           4s         3m2s

Last but not least, let's provision a second MariaDB instance bootstrapping from the previous backup:

kubectl apply -f examples/manifests/mariadb_from_backup.yaml

kubectl get mariadbs
NAME                  READY   STATUS    PRIMARY POD             AGE
mariadb               True    Running   mariadb-0               7m47s
mariadb-from-backup   True    Running   mariadb-from-backup-0   53s

kubectl get restores
NAME                                         COMPLETE   STATUS    MARIADB               AGE
bootstrap-restore-mariadb-from-backup        True       Success   mariadb-from-backup   72s

kubectl get jobs
NAME                                         COMPLETIONS   DURATION   AGE
backup                                       1/1           9s         12m
bootstrap-restore-mariadb-from-backup        1/1           5s         84s

Documentation

• Index
• API reference
• Example suite

GitOps

You can embrace GitOps best practises by using this operator, just place your CRDs in a git repo and reconcile them with your favorite tool, see an example with flux:

• Run and operate MariaDB in a GitOps fashion using Flux

Roadmap

Take a look at our roadmap and feel free to open an issue to suggest new features.

Adopters

Please create a PR and add your company or project to our ADOPTERS.md file if you are using our project!

Contributing

We welcome and encourage contributions to this project! Please check our contributing and development guides. PRs welcome!

Community

• We Tested and Compared 6 Database Operators. The Results are In! - KubeCon EU, March 2024
• Get Started with MariaDB in Kubernetes and mariadb-operator - MariaDB Corporation blog, February 2024
• Run and operate MariaDB in Kubernetes with mariadb-operator - MariaDB Foundation blog, July 2023
• L'enfer des DB SQL sur Kubernetes face à la promesse des opérateurs - KCD France, March 2023

Get in touch

Join us on Slack: MariaDB Community Slack.